]> git.openstreetmap.org Git - rails.git/blobdiff - vendor/assets/iD/iD.js
Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/pull/3373'
[rails.git] / vendor / assets / iD / iD.js
index 39fe8cf274e20073e03ebd7da0449935c9431415..929da2dd897561a44e4f6e2378bc5222f7964612 100644 (file)
@@ -2,39 +2,24 @@
 
        var commonjsGlobal = typeof globalThis !== 'undefined' ? globalThis : typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : typeof global !== 'undefined' ? global : typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : {};
 
-       function getDefaultExportFromCjs (x) {
-               return x && x.__esModule && Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(x, 'default') ? x['default'] : x;
-       }
-
-       function createCommonjsModule(fn, basedir, module) {
-               return module = {
-                       path: basedir,
-                       exports: {},
-                       require: function (path, base) {
-                               return commonjsRequire(path, (base === undefined || base === null) ? module.path : base);
-                       }
-               }, fn(module, module.exports), module.exports;
-       }
-
-       function commonjsRequire () {
-               throw new Error('Dynamic requires are not currently supported by @rollup/plugin-commonjs');
-       }
-
        var check = function (it) {
          return it && it.Math == Math && it;
        };
 
        // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/86#issuecomment-115759028
-       var global_1 =
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
+       var global$F =
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-global-this -- safe
          check(typeof globalThis == 'object' && globalThis) ||
          check(typeof window == 'object' && window) ||
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-globals -- safe
          check(typeof self == 'object' && self) ||
          check(typeof commonjsGlobal == 'object' && commonjsGlobal) ||
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func
-         Function('return this')();
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func -- fallback
+         (function () { return this; })() || Function('return this')();
 
-       var fails = function (exec) {
+       var objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = {};
+
+       var fails$N = function (exec) {
          try {
            return !!exec();
          } catch (error) {
          }
        };
 
-       // Thank's IE8 for his funny defineProperty
-       var descriptors = !fails(function () {
+       var fails$M = fails$N;
+
+       // Detect IE8's incomplete defineProperty implementation
+       var descriptors = !fails$M(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- required for testing
          return Object.defineProperty({}, 1, { get: function () { return 7; } })[1] != 7;
        });
 
-       var nativePropertyIsEnumerable = {}.propertyIsEnumerable;
-       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var objectPropertyIsEnumerable = {};
+
+       var $propertyIsEnumerable$1 = {}.propertyIsEnumerable;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$5 = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
 
        // Nashorn ~ JDK8 bug
-       var NASHORN_BUG = getOwnPropertyDescriptor && !nativePropertyIsEnumerable.call({ 1: 2 }, 1);
+       var NASHORN_BUG = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$5 && !$propertyIsEnumerable$1.call({ 1: 2 }, 1);
 
        // `Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.prototype.propertyisenumerable
-       var f = NASHORN_BUG ? function propertyIsEnumerable(V) {
-         var descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor(this, V);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.prototype.propertyisenumerable
+       objectPropertyIsEnumerable.f = NASHORN_BUG ? function propertyIsEnumerable(V) {
+         var descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$5(this, V);
          return !!descriptor && descriptor.enumerable;
-       } : nativePropertyIsEnumerable;
-
-       var objectPropertyIsEnumerable = {
-               f: f
-       };
+       } : $propertyIsEnumerable$1;
 
-       var createPropertyDescriptor = function (bitmap, value) {
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$7 = function (bitmap, value) {
          return {
            enumerable: !(bitmap & 1),
            configurable: !(bitmap & 2),
          };
        };
 
-       var toString = {}.toString;
+       var toString$2 = {}.toString;
 
-       var classofRaw = function (it) {
-         return toString.call(it).slice(8, -1);
+       var classofRaw$1 = function (it) {
+         return toString$2.call(it).slice(8, -1);
        };
 
-       var split = ''.split;
+       var fails$L = fails$N;
+       var classof$c = classofRaw$1;
+
+       var split$1 = ''.split;
 
        // fallback for non-array-like ES3 and non-enumerable old V8 strings
-       var indexedObject = fails(function () {
+       var indexedObject = fails$L(function () {
          // throws an error in rhino, see https://github.com/mozilla/rhino/issues/346
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-prototype-builtins
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-prototype-builtins -- safe
          return !Object('z').propertyIsEnumerable(0);
        }) ? function (it) {
-         return classofRaw(it) == 'String' ? split.call(it, '') : Object(it);
+         return classof$c(it) == 'String' ? split$1.call(it, '') : Object(it);
        } : Object;
 
        // `RequireObjectCoercible` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-requireobjectcoercible
-       var requireObjectCoercible = function (it) {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-requireobjectcoercible
+       var requireObjectCoercible$e = function (it) {
          if (it == undefined) throw TypeError("Can't call method on " + it);
          return it;
        };
 
        // toObject with fallback for non-array-like ES3 strings
+       var IndexedObject$4 = indexedObject;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$d = requireObjectCoercible$e;
 
-
-
-       var toIndexedObject = function (it) {
-         return indexedObject(requireObjectCoercible(it));
+       var toIndexedObject$b = function (it) {
+         return IndexedObject$4(requireObjectCoercible$d(it));
        };
 
-       var isObject = function (it) {
+       var isObject$r = function (it) {
          return typeof it === 'object' ? it !== null : typeof it === 'function';
        };
 
+       var isObject$q = isObject$r;
+
        // `ToPrimitive` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-toprimitive
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-toprimitive
        // instead of the ES6 spec version, we didn't implement @@toPrimitive case
        // and the second argument - flag - preferred type is a string
-       var toPrimitive = function (input, PREFERRED_STRING) {
-         if (!isObject(input)) return input;
+       var toPrimitive$7 = function (input, PREFERRED_STRING) {
+         if (!isObject$q(input)) return input;
          var fn, val;
-         if (PREFERRED_STRING && typeof (fn = input.toString) == 'function' && !isObject(val = fn.call(input))) return val;
-         if (typeof (fn = input.valueOf) == 'function' && !isObject(val = fn.call(input))) return val;
-         if (!PREFERRED_STRING && typeof (fn = input.toString) == 'function' && !isObject(val = fn.call(input))) return val;
+         if (PREFERRED_STRING && typeof (fn = input.toString) == 'function' && !isObject$q(val = fn.call(input))) return val;
+         if (typeof (fn = input.valueOf) == 'function' && !isObject$q(val = fn.call(input))) return val;
+         if (!PREFERRED_STRING && typeof (fn = input.toString) == 'function' && !isObject$q(val = fn.call(input))) return val;
          throw TypeError("Can't convert object to primitive value");
        };
 
-       var hasOwnProperty = {}.hasOwnProperty;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$c = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+
+       // `ToObject` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-toobject
+       var toObject$i = function (argument) {
+         return Object(requireObjectCoercible$c(argument));
+       };
+
+       var toObject$h = toObject$i;
+
+       var hasOwnProperty$3 = {}.hasOwnProperty;
 
-       var has = function (it, key) {
-         return hasOwnProperty.call(it, key);
+       var has$j = Object.hasOwn || function hasOwn(it, key) {
+         return hasOwnProperty$3.call(toObject$h(it), key);
        };
 
-       var document$1 = global_1.document;
+       var global$E = global$F;
+       var isObject$p = isObject$r;
+
+       var document$3 = global$E.document;
        // typeof document.createElement is 'object' in old IE
-       var EXISTS = isObject(document$1) && isObject(document$1.createElement);
+       var EXISTS = isObject$p(document$3) && isObject$p(document$3.createElement);
 
-       var documentCreateElement = function (it) {
-         return EXISTS ? document$1.createElement(it) : {};
+       var documentCreateElement$1 = function (it) {
+         return EXISTS ? document$3.createElement(it) : {};
        };
 
+       var DESCRIPTORS$m = descriptors;
+       var fails$K = fails$N;
+       var createElement$1 = documentCreateElement$1;
+
        // Thank's IE8 for his funny defineProperty
-       var ie8DomDefine = !descriptors && !fails(function () {
-         return Object.defineProperty(documentCreateElement('div'), 'a', {
+       var ie8DomDefine = !DESCRIPTORS$m && !fails$K(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- requied for testing
+         return Object.defineProperty(createElement$1('div'), 'a', {
            get: function () { return 7; }
          }).a != 7;
        });
 
-       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$l = descriptors;
+       var propertyIsEnumerableModule$2 = objectPropertyIsEnumerable;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$6 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var toIndexedObject$a = toIndexedObject$b;
+       var toPrimitive$6 = toPrimitive$7;
+       var has$i = has$j;
+       var IE8_DOM_DEFINE$1 = ie8DomDefine;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+       var $getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1 = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
 
        // `Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptor
-       var f$1 = descriptors ? nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor : function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(O, P) {
-         O = toIndexedObject(O);
-         P = toPrimitive(P, true);
-         if (ie8DomDefine) try {
-           return nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor(O, P);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptor
+       objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f = DESCRIPTORS$l ? $getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1 : function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(O, P) {
+         O = toIndexedObject$a(O);
+         P = toPrimitive$6(P, true);
+         if (IE8_DOM_DEFINE$1) try {
+           return $getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1(O, P);
          } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
-         if (has(O, P)) return createPropertyDescriptor(!objectPropertyIsEnumerable.f.call(O, P), O[P]);
+         if (has$i(O, P)) return createPropertyDescriptor$6(!propertyIsEnumerableModule$2.f.call(O, P), O[P]);
        };
 
-       var objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = {
-               f: f$1
-       };
+       var objectDefineProperty = {};
 
-       var anObject = function (it) {
-         if (!isObject(it)) {
+       var isObject$o = isObject$r;
+
+       var anObject$m = function (it) {
+         if (!isObject$o(it)) {
            throw TypeError(String(it) + ' is not an object');
          } return it;
        };
 
-       var nativeDefineProperty = Object.defineProperty;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$k = descriptors;
+       var IE8_DOM_DEFINE = ie8DomDefine;
+       var anObject$l = anObject$m;
+       var toPrimitive$5 = toPrimitive$7;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- safe
+       var $defineProperty$1 = Object.defineProperty;
 
        // `Object.defineProperty` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperty
-       var f$2 = descriptors ? nativeDefineProperty : function defineProperty(O, P, Attributes) {
-         anObject(O);
-         P = toPrimitive(P, true);
-         anObject(Attributes);
-         if (ie8DomDefine) try {
-           return nativeDefineProperty(O, P, Attributes);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperty
+       objectDefineProperty.f = DESCRIPTORS$k ? $defineProperty$1 : function defineProperty(O, P, Attributes) {
+         anObject$l(O);
+         P = toPrimitive$5(P, true);
+         anObject$l(Attributes);
+         if (IE8_DOM_DEFINE) try {
+           return $defineProperty$1(O, P, Attributes);
          } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
          if ('get' in Attributes || 'set' in Attributes) throw TypeError('Accessors not supported');
          if ('value' in Attributes) O[P] = Attributes.value;
          return O;
        };
 
-       var objectDefineProperty = {
-               f: f$2
-       };
+       var DESCRIPTORS$j = descriptors;
+       var definePropertyModule$7 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$5 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
 
-       var createNonEnumerableProperty = descriptors ? function (object, key, value) {
-         return objectDefineProperty.f(object, key, createPropertyDescriptor(1, value));
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$e = DESCRIPTORS$j ? function (object, key, value) {
+         return definePropertyModule$7.f(object, key, createPropertyDescriptor$5(1, value));
        } : function (object, key, value) {
          object[key] = value;
          return object;
        };
 
-       var setGlobal = function (key, value) {
+       var redefine$g = {exports: {}};
+
+       var global$D = global$F;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$d = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+
+       var setGlobal$3 = function (key, value) {
          try {
-           createNonEnumerableProperty(global_1, key, value);
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$d(global$D, key, value);
          } catch (error) {
-           global_1[key] = value;
+           global$D[key] = value;
          } return value;
        };
 
+       var global$C = global$F;
+       var setGlobal$2 = setGlobal$3;
+
        var SHARED = '__core-js_shared__';
-       var store = global_1[SHARED] || setGlobal(SHARED, {});
+       var store$4 = global$C[SHARED] || setGlobal$2(SHARED, {});
 
-       var sharedStore = store;
+       var sharedStore = store$4;
+
+       var store$3 = sharedStore;
 
        var functionToString = Function.toString;
 
-       // this helper broken in `3.4.1-3.4.4`, so we can't use `shared` helper
-       if (typeof sharedStore.inspectSource != 'function') {
-         sharedStore.inspectSource = function (it) {
+       // this helper broken in `core-js@3.4.1-3.4.4`, so we can't use `shared` helper
+       if (typeof store$3.inspectSource != 'function') {
+         store$3.inspectSource = function (it) {
            return functionToString.call(it);
          };
        }
 
-       var inspectSource = sharedStore.inspectSource;
+       var inspectSource$3 = store$3.inspectSource;
+
+       var global$B = global$F;
+       var inspectSource$2 = inspectSource$3;
 
-       var WeakMap = global_1.WeakMap;
+       var WeakMap$1 = global$B.WeakMap;
 
-       var nativeWeakMap = typeof WeakMap === 'function' && /native code/.test(inspectSource(WeakMap));
+       var nativeWeakMap = typeof WeakMap$1 === 'function' && /native code/.test(inspectSource$2(WeakMap$1));
+
+       var shared$5 = {exports: {}};
 
        var isPure = false;
 
-       var shared = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-       (module.exports = function (key, value) {
-         return sharedStore[key] || (sharedStore[key] = value !== undefined ? value : {});
+       var store$2 = sharedStore;
+
+       (shared$5.exports = function (key, value) {
+         return store$2[key] || (store$2[key] = value !== undefined ? value : {});
        })('versions', []).push({
-         version: '3.6.5',
-         mode:  'global',
-         copyright: '© 2020 Denis Pushkarev (zloirock.ru)'
-       });
+         version: '3.15.0',
+         mode: 'global',
+         copyright: '© 2021 Denis Pushkarev (zloirock.ru)'
        });
 
-       var id = 0;
+       var id$2 = 0;
        var postfix = Math.random();
 
-       var uid = function (key) {
-         return 'Symbol(' + String(key === undefined ? '' : key) + ')_' + (++id + postfix).toString(36);
+       var uid$5 = function (key) {
+         return 'Symbol(' + String(key === undefined ? '' : key) + ')_' + (++id$2 + postfix).toString(36);
        };
 
-       var keys = shared('keys');
+       var shared$4 = shared$5.exports;
+       var uid$4 = uid$5;
 
-       var sharedKey = function (key) {
-         return keys[key] || (keys[key] = uid(key));
+       var keys$3 = shared$4('keys');
+
+       var sharedKey$4 = function (key) {
+         return keys$3[key] || (keys$3[key] = uid$4(key));
        };
 
-       var hiddenKeys = {};
+       var hiddenKeys$6 = {};
+
+       var NATIVE_WEAK_MAP = nativeWeakMap;
+       var global$A = global$F;
+       var isObject$n = isObject$r;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$c = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var objectHas = has$j;
+       var shared$3 = sharedStore;
+       var sharedKey$3 = sharedKey$4;
+       var hiddenKeys$5 = hiddenKeys$6;
 
-       var WeakMap$1 = global_1.WeakMap;
-       var set, get, has$1;
+       var OBJECT_ALREADY_INITIALIZED = 'Object already initialized';
+       var WeakMap = global$A.WeakMap;
+       var set$4, get$5, has$h;
 
        var enforce = function (it) {
-         return has$1(it) ? get(it) : set(it, {});
+         return has$h(it) ? get$5(it) : set$4(it, {});
        };
 
        var getterFor = function (TYPE) {
          return function (it) {
            var state;
-           if (!isObject(it) || (state = get(it)).type !== TYPE) {
+           if (!isObject$n(it) || (state = get$5(it)).type !== TYPE) {
              throw TypeError('Incompatible receiver, ' + TYPE + ' required');
            } return state;
          };
        };
 
-       if (nativeWeakMap) {
-         var store$1 = new WeakMap$1();
+       if (NATIVE_WEAK_MAP || shared$3.state) {
+         var store$1 = shared$3.state || (shared$3.state = new WeakMap());
          var wmget = store$1.get;
          var wmhas = store$1.has;
          var wmset = store$1.set;
-         set = function (it, metadata) {
+         set$4 = function (it, metadata) {
+           if (wmhas.call(store$1, it)) throw new TypeError(OBJECT_ALREADY_INITIALIZED);
+           metadata.facade = it;
            wmset.call(store$1, it, metadata);
            return metadata;
          };
-         get = function (it) {
+         get$5 = function (it) {
            return wmget.call(store$1, it) || {};
          };
-         has$1 = function (it) {
+         has$h = function (it) {
            return wmhas.call(store$1, it);
          };
        } else {
-         var STATE = sharedKey('state');
-         hiddenKeys[STATE] = true;
-         set = function (it, metadata) {
-           createNonEnumerableProperty(it, STATE, metadata);
+         var STATE = sharedKey$3('state');
+         hiddenKeys$5[STATE] = true;
+         set$4 = function (it, metadata) {
+           if (objectHas(it, STATE)) throw new TypeError(OBJECT_ALREADY_INITIALIZED);
+           metadata.facade = it;
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$c(it, STATE, metadata);
            return metadata;
          };
-         get = function (it) {
-           return has(it, STATE) ? it[STATE] : {};
+         get$5 = function (it) {
+           return objectHas(it, STATE) ? it[STATE] : {};
          };
-         has$1 = function (it) {
-           return has(it, STATE);
+         has$h = function (it) {
+           return objectHas(it, STATE);
          };
        }
 
        var internalState = {
-         set: set,
-         get: get,
-         has: has$1,
+         set: set$4,
+         get: get$5,
+         has: has$h,
          enforce: enforce,
          getterFor: getterFor
        };
 
-       var redefine = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-       var getInternalState = internalState.get;
-       var enforceInternalState = internalState.enforce;
+       var global$z = global$F;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$b = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var has$g = has$j;
+       var setGlobal$1 = setGlobal$3;
+       var inspectSource$1 = inspectSource$3;
+       var InternalStateModule$9 = internalState;
+
+       var getInternalState$7 = InternalStateModule$9.get;
+       var enforceInternalState$1 = InternalStateModule$9.enforce;
        var TEMPLATE = String(String).split('String');
 
-       (module.exports = function (O, key, value, options) {
+       (redefine$g.exports = function (O, key, value, options) {
          var unsafe = options ? !!options.unsafe : false;
          var simple = options ? !!options.enumerable : false;
          var noTargetGet = options ? !!options.noTargetGet : false;
+         var state;
          if (typeof value == 'function') {
-           if (typeof key == 'string' && !has(value, 'name')) createNonEnumerableProperty(value, 'name', key);
-           enforceInternalState(value).source = TEMPLATE.join(typeof key == 'string' ? key : '');
+           if (typeof key == 'string' && !has$g(value, 'name')) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$b(value, 'name', key);
+           }
+           state = enforceInternalState$1(value);
+           if (!state.source) {
+             state.source = TEMPLATE.join(typeof key == 'string' ? key : '');
+           }
          }
-         if (O === global_1) {
+         if (O === global$z) {
            if (simple) O[key] = value;
-           else setGlobal(key, value);
+           else setGlobal$1(key, value);
            return;
          } else if (!unsafe) {
            delete O[key];
            simple = true;
          }
          if (simple) O[key] = value;
-         else createNonEnumerableProperty(O, key, value);
+         else createNonEnumerableProperty$b(O, key, value);
        // add fake Function#toString for correct work wrapped methods / constructors with methods like LoDash isNative
        })(Function.prototype, 'toString', function toString() {
-         return typeof this == 'function' && getInternalState(this).source || inspectSource(this);
-       });
+         return typeof this == 'function' && getInternalState$7(this).source || inspectSource$1(this);
        });
 
-       var path = global_1;
+       var global$y = global$F;
+
+       var path$2 = global$y;
+
+       var path$1 = path$2;
+       var global$x = global$F;
 
-       var aFunction = function (variable) {
+       var aFunction$a = function (variable) {
          return typeof variable == 'function' ? variable : undefined;
        };
 
-       var getBuiltIn = function (namespace, method) {
-         return arguments.length < 2 ? aFunction(path[namespace]) || aFunction(global_1[namespace])
-           : path[namespace] && path[namespace][method] || global_1[namespace] && global_1[namespace][method];
+       var getBuiltIn$9 = function (namespace, method) {
+         return arguments.length < 2 ? aFunction$a(path$1[namespace]) || aFunction$a(global$x[namespace])
+           : path$1[namespace] && path$1[namespace][method] || global$x[namespace] && global$x[namespace][method];
        };
 
-       var ceil = Math.ceil;
-       var floor = Math.floor;
+       var objectGetOwnPropertyNames = {};
+
+       var ceil$1 = Math.ceil;
+       var floor$7 = Math.floor;
 
        // `ToInteger` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-tointeger
-       var toInteger = function (argument) {
-         return isNaN(argument = +argument) ? 0 : (argument > 0 ? floor : ceil)(argument);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-tointeger
+       var toInteger$b = function (argument) {
+         return isNaN(argument = +argument) ? 0 : (argument > 0 ? floor$7 : ceil$1)(argument);
        };
 
-       var min = Math.min;
+       var toInteger$a = toInteger$b;
+
+       var min$9 = Math.min;
 
        // `ToLength` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-tolength
-       var toLength = function (argument) {
-         return argument > 0 ? min(toInteger(argument), 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF) : 0; // 2 ** 53 - 1 == 9007199254740991
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-tolength
+       var toLength$q = function (argument) {
+         return argument > 0 ? min$9(toInteger$a(argument), 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF) : 0; // 2 ** 53 - 1 == 9007199254740991
        };
 
-       var max = Math.max;
-       var min$1 = Math.min;
+       var toInteger$9 = toInteger$b;
+
+       var max$4 = Math.max;
+       var min$8 = Math.min;
 
        // Helper for a popular repeating case of the spec:
        // Let integer be ? ToInteger(index).
        // If integer < 0, let result be max((length + integer), 0); else let result be min(integer, length).
-       var toAbsoluteIndex = function (index, length) {
-         var integer = toInteger(index);
-         return integer < 0 ? max(integer + length, 0) : min$1(integer, length);
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$8 = function (index, length) {
+         var integer = toInteger$9(index);
+         return integer < 0 ? max$4(integer + length, 0) : min$8(integer, length);
        };
 
+       var toIndexedObject$9 = toIndexedObject$b;
+       var toLength$p = toLength$q;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$7 = toAbsoluteIndex$8;
+
        // `Array.prototype.{ indexOf, includes }` methods implementation
-       var createMethod = function (IS_INCLUDES) {
+       var createMethod$6 = function (IS_INCLUDES) {
          return function ($this, el, fromIndex) {
-           var O = toIndexedObject($this);
-           var length = toLength(O.length);
-           var index = toAbsoluteIndex(fromIndex, length);
+           var O = toIndexedObject$9($this);
+           var length = toLength$p(O.length);
+           var index = toAbsoluteIndex$7(fromIndex, length);
            var value;
            // Array#includes uses SameValueZero equality algorithm
-           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
            if (IS_INCLUDES && el != el) while (length > index) {
              value = O[index++];
-             // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
+             // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
              if (value != value) return true;
            // Array#indexOf ignores holes, Array#includes - not
            } else for (;length > index; index++) {
 
        var arrayIncludes = {
          // `Array.prototype.includes` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.includes
-         includes: createMethod(true),
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.includes
+         includes: createMethod$6(true),
          // `Array.prototype.indexOf` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.indexof
-         indexOf: createMethod(false)
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.indexof
+         indexOf: createMethod$6(false)
        };
 
+       var has$f = has$j;
+       var toIndexedObject$8 = toIndexedObject$b;
        var indexOf = arrayIncludes.indexOf;
-
+       var hiddenKeys$4 = hiddenKeys$6;
 
        var objectKeysInternal = function (object, names) {
-         var O = toIndexedObject(object);
+         var O = toIndexedObject$8(object);
          var i = 0;
          var result = [];
          var key;
-         for (key in O) !has(hiddenKeys, key) && has(O, key) && result.push(key);
+         for (key in O) !has$f(hiddenKeys$4, key) && has$f(O, key) && result.push(key);
          // Don't enum bug & hidden keys
-         while (names.length > i) if (has(O, key = names[i++])) {
+         while (names.length > i) if (has$f(O, key = names[i++])) {
            ~indexOf(result, key) || result.push(key);
          }
          return result;
        };
 
        // IE8- don't enum bug keys
-       var enumBugKeys = [
+       var enumBugKeys$3 = [
          'constructor',
          'hasOwnProperty',
          'isPrototypeOf',
          'valueOf'
        ];
 
-       var hiddenKeys$1 = enumBugKeys.concat('length', 'prototype');
+       var internalObjectKeys$1 = objectKeysInternal;
+       var enumBugKeys$2 = enumBugKeys$3;
+
+       var hiddenKeys$3 = enumBugKeys$2.concat('length', 'prototype');
 
        // `Object.getOwnPropertyNames` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertynames
-       var f$3 = Object.getOwnPropertyNames || function getOwnPropertyNames(O) {
-         return objectKeysInternal(O, hiddenKeys$1);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertynames
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertynames -- safe
+       objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f = Object.getOwnPropertyNames || function getOwnPropertyNames(O) {
+         return internalObjectKeys$1(O, hiddenKeys$3);
        };
 
-       var objectGetOwnPropertyNames = {
-               f: f$3
-       };
+       var objectGetOwnPropertySymbols = {};
 
-       var f$4 = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertysymbols -- safe
+       objectGetOwnPropertySymbols.f = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols;
 
-       var objectGetOwnPropertySymbols = {
-               f: f$4
-       };
+       var getBuiltIn$8 = getBuiltIn$9;
+       var getOwnPropertyNamesModule$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames;
+       var getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$2 = objectGetOwnPropertySymbols;
+       var anObject$k = anObject$m;
 
        // all object keys, includes non-enumerable and symbols
-       var ownKeys = getBuiltIn('Reflect', 'ownKeys') || function ownKeys(it) {
-         var keys = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f(anObject(it));
-         var getOwnPropertySymbols = objectGetOwnPropertySymbols.f;
+       var ownKeys$1 = getBuiltIn$8('Reflect', 'ownKeys') || function ownKeys(it) {
+         var keys = getOwnPropertyNamesModule$1.f(anObject$k(it));
+         var getOwnPropertySymbols = getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$2.f;
          return getOwnPropertySymbols ? keys.concat(getOwnPropertySymbols(it)) : keys;
        };
 
-       var copyConstructorProperties = function (target, source) {
+       var has$e = has$j;
+       var ownKeys = ownKeys$1;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$3 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var definePropertyModule$6 = objectDefineProperty;
+
+       var copyConstructorProperties$2 = function (target, source) {
          var keys = ownKeys(source);
-         var defineProperty = objectDefineProperty.f;
-         var getOwnPropertyDescriptor = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+         var defineProperty = definePropertyModule$6.f;
+         var getOwnPropertyDescriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$3.f;
          for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
            var key = keys[i];
-           if (!has(target, key)) defineProperty(target, key, getOwnPropertyDescriptor(source, key));
+           if (!has$e(target, key)) defineProperty(target, key, getOwnPropertyDescriptor(source, key));
          }
        };
 
+       var fails$J = fails$N;
+
        var replacement = /#|\.prototype\./;
 
-       var isForced = function (feature, detection) {
-         var value = data[normalize(feature)];
+       var isForced$5 = function (feature, detection) {
+         var value = data[normalize$1(feature)];
          return value == POLYFILL ? true
            : value == NATIVE ? false
-           : typeof detection == 'function' ? fails(detection)
+           : typeof detection == 'function' ? fails$J(detection)
            : !!detection;
        };
 
-       var normalize = isForced.normalize = function (string) {
+       var normalize$1 = isForced$5.normalize = function (string) {
          return String(string).replace(replacement, '.').toLowerCase();
        };
 
-       var data = isForced.data = {};
-       var NATIVE = isForced.NATIVE = 'N';
-       var POLYFILL = isForced.POLYFILL = 'P';
-
-       var isForced_1 = isForced;
-
-       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
-
-
-
+       var data = isForced$5.data = {};
+       var NATIVE = isForced$5.NATIVE = 'N';
+       var POLYFILL = isForced$5.POLYFILL = 'P';
 
+       var isForced_1 = isForced$5;
 
+       var global$w = global$F;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$4 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$a = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var redefine$f = redefine$g.exports;
+       var setGlobal = setGlobal$3;
+       var copyConstructorProperties$1 = copyConstructorProperties$2;
+       var isForced$4 = isForced_1;
 
        /*
          options.target      - name of the target object
          var STATIC = options.stat;
          var FORCED, target, key, targetProperty, sourceProperty, descriptor;
          if (GLOBAL) {
-           target = global_1;
+           target = global$w;
          } else if (STATIC) {
-           target = global_1[TARGET] || setGlobal(TARGET, {});
+           target = global$w[TARGET] || setGlobal(TARGET, {});
          } else {
-           target = (global_1[TARGET] || {}).prototype;
+           target = (global$w[TARGET] || {}).prototype;
          }
          if (target) for (key in source) {
            sourceProperty = source[key];
            if (options.noTargetGet) {
-             descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1(target, key);
+             descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$4(target, key);
              targetProperty = descriptor && descriptor.value;
            } else targetProperty = target[key];
-           FORCED = isForced_1(GLOBAL ? key : TARGET + (STATIC ? '.' : '#') + key, options.forced);
+           FORCED = isForced$4(GLOBAL ? key : TARGET + (STATIC ? '.' : '#') + key, options.forced);
            // contained in target
            if (!FORCED && targetProperty !== undefined) {
              if (typeof sourceProperty === typeof targetProperty) continue;
-             copyConstructorProperties(sourceProperty, targetProperty);
+             copyConstructorProperties$1(sourceProperty, targetProperty);
            }
            // add a flag to not completely full polyfills
            if (options.sham || (targetProperty && targetProperty.sham)) {
-             createNonEnumerableProperty(sourceProperty, 'sham', true);
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$a(sourceProperty, 'sham', true);
            }
            // extend global
-           redefine(target, key, sourceProperty, options);
+           redefine$f(target, key, sourceProperty, options);
          }
        };
 
+       var $$16 = _export;
+
        // `Date.now` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-date.now
-       _export({ target: 'Date', stat: true }, {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.now
+       $$16({ target: 'Date', stat: true }, {
          now: function now() {
            return new Date().getTime();
          }
        });
 
-       var DatePrototype = Date.prototype;
+       var redefine$e = redefine$g.exports;
+
+       var DatePrototype$1 = Date.prototype;
        var INVALID_DATE = 'Invalid Date';
-       var TO_STRING = 'toString';
-       var nativeDateToString = DatePrototype[TO_STRING];
-       var getTime = DatePrototype.getTime;
+       var TO_STRING$1 = 'toString';
+       var nativeDateToString = DatePrototype$1[TO_STRING$1];
+       var getTime$1 = DatePrototype$1.getTime;
 
        // `Date.prototype.toString` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.tostring
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.tostring
        if (new Date(NaN) + '' != INVALID_DATE) {
-         redefine(DatePrototype, TO_STRING, function toString() {
-           var value = getTime.call(this);
-           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
+         redefine$e(DatePrototype$1, TO_STRING$1, function toString() {
+           var value = getTime$1.call(this);
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
            return value === value ? nativeDateToString.call(this) : INVALID_DATE;
          });
        }
 
-       var nativeSymbol = !!Object.getOwnPropertySymbols && !fails(function () {
+       function _typeof(obj) {
+         "@babel/helpers - typeof";
+
+         if (typeof Symbol === "function" && typeof Symbol.iterator === "symbol") {
+           _typeof = function (obj) {
+             return typeof obj;
+           };
+         } else {
+           _typeof = function (obj) {
+             return obj && typeof Symbol === "function" && obj.constructor === Symbol && obj !== Symbol.prototype ? "symbol" : typeof obj;
+           };
+         }
+
+         return _typeof(obj);
+       }
+
+       function _classCallCheck$1(instance, Constructor) {
+         if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
+           throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
+         }
+       }
+
+       function _defineProperties$1(target, props) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+           var descriptor = props[i];
+           descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
+           descriptor.configurable = true;
+           if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
+           Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
+         }
+       }
+
+       function _createClass$1(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
+         if (protoProps) _defineProperties$1(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
+         if (staticProps) _defineProperties$1(Constructor, staticProps);
+         return Constructor;
+       }
+
+       function _defineProperty(obj, key, value) {
+         if (key in obj) {
+           Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
+             value: value,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true,
+             writable: true
+           });
+         } else {
+           obj[key] = value;
+         }
+
+         return obj;
+       }
+
+       function _slicedToArray(arr, i) {
+         return _arrayWithHoles(arr) || _iterableToArrayLimit(arr, i) || _unsupportedIterableToArray(arr, i) || _nonIterableRest();
+       }
+
+       function _toConsumableArray(arr) {
+         return _arrayWithoutHoles(arr) || _iterableToArray(arr) || _unsupportedIterableToArray(arr) || _nonIterableSpread();
+       }
+
+       function _arrayWithoutHoles(arr) {
+         if (Array.isArray(arr)) return _arrayLikeToArray(arr);
+       }
+
+       function _arrayWithHoles(arr) {
+         if (Array.isArray(arr)) return arr;
+       }
+
+       function _iterableToArray(iter) {
+         if (typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && iter[Symbol.iterator] != null || iter["@@iterator"] != null) return Array.from(iter);
+       }
+
+       function _iterableToArrayLimit(arr, i) {
+         var _i = arr == null ? null : typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && arr[Symbol.iterator] || arr["@@iterator"];
+
+         if (_i == null) return;
+         var _arr = [];
+         var _n = true;
+         var _d = false;
+
+         var _s, _e;
+
+         try {
+           for (_i = _i.call(arr); !(_n = (_s = _i.next()).done); _n = true) {
+             _arr.push(_s.value);
+
+             if (i && _arr.length === i) break;
+           }
+         } catch (err) {
+           _d = true;
+           _e = err;
+         } finally {
+           try {
+             if (!_n && _i["return"] != null) _i["return"]();
+           } finally {
+             if (_d) throw _e;
+           }
+         }
+
+         return _arr;
+       }
+
+       function _unsupportedIterableToArray(o, minLen) {
+         if (!o) return;
+         if (typeof o === "string") return _arrayLikeToArray(o, minLen);
+         var n = Object.prototype.toString.call(o).slice(8, -1);
+         if (n === "Object" && o.constructor) n = o.constructor.name;
+         if (n === "Map" || n === "Set") return Array.from(o);
+         if (n === "Arguments" || /^(?:Ui|I)nt(?:8|16|32)(?:Clamped)?Array$/.test(n)) return _arrayLikeToArray(o, minLen);
+       }
+
+       function _arrayLikeToArray(arr, len) {
+         if (len == null || len > arr.length) len = arr.length;
+
+         for (var i = 0, arr2 = new Array(len); i < len; i++) arr2[i] = arr[i];
+
+         return arr2;
+       }
+
+       function _nonIterableSpread() {
+         throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to spread non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.");
+       }
+
+       function _nonIterableRest() {
+         throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to destructure non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.");
+       }
+
+       function _createForOfIteratorHelper(o, allowArrayLike) {
+         var it = typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && o[Symbol.iterator] || o["@@iterator"];
+
+         if (!it) {
+           if (Array.isArray(o) || (it = _unsupportedIterableToArray(o)) || allowArrayLike && o && typeof o.length === "number") {
+             if (it) o = it;
+             var i = 0;
+
+             var F = function () {};
+
+             return {
+               s: F,
+               n: function () {
+                 if (i >= o.length) return {
+                   done: true
+                 };
+                 return {
+                   done: false,
+                   value: o[i++]
+                 };
+               },
+               e: function (e) {
+                 throw e;
+               },
+               f: F
+             };
+           }
+
+           throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to iterate non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.");
+         }
+
+         var normalCompletion = true,
+             didErr = false,
+             err;
+         return {
+           s: function () {
+             it = it.call(o);
+           },
+           n: function () {
+             var step = it.next();
+             normalCompletion = step.done;
+             return step;
+           },
+           e: function (e) {
+             didErr = true;
+             err = e;
+           },
+           f: function () {
+             try {
+               if (!normalCompletion && it.return != null) it.return();
+             } finally {
+               if (didErr) throw err;
+             }
+           }
+         };
+       }
+
+       var wellKnownSymbolWrapped = {};
+
+       var getBuiltIn$7 = getBuiltIn$9;
+
+       var engineUserAgent = getBuiltIn$7('navigator', 'userAgent') || '';
+
+       var global$v = global$F;
+       var userAgent$5 = engineUserAgent;
+
+       var process$4 = global$v.process;
+       var versions = process$4 && process$4.versions;
+       var v8 = versions && versions.v8;
+       var match, version$1;
+
+       if (v8) {
+         match = v8.split('.');
+         version$1 = match[0] < 4 ? 1 : match[0] + match[1];
+       } else if (userAgent$5) {
+         match = userAgent$5.match(/Edge\/(\d+)/);
+         if (!match || match[1] >= 74) {
+           match = userAgent$5.match(/Chrome\/(\d+)/);
+           if (match) version$1 = match[1];
+         }
+       }
+
+       var engineV8Version = version$1 && +version$1;
+
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-symbol -- required for testing */
+
+       var V8_VERSION$3 = engineV8Version;
+       var fails$I = fails$N;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertysymbols -- required for testing
+       var nativeSymbol = !!Object.getOwnPropertySymbols && !fails$I(function () {
+         var symbol = Symbol();
          // Chrome 38 Symbol has incorrect toString conversion
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
-         return !String(Symbol());
+         // `get-own-property-symbols` polyfill symbols converted to object are not Symbol instances
+         return !String(symbol) || !(Object(symbol) instanceof Symbol) ||
+           // Chrome 38-40 symbols are not inherited from DOM collections prototypes to instances
+           !Symbol.sham && V8_VERSION$3 && V8_VERSION$3 < 41;
        });
 
-       var useSymbolAsUid = nativeSymbol
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-symbol -- required for testing */
+
+       var NATIVE_SYMBOL$2 = nativeSymbol;
+
+       var useSymbolAsUid = NATIVE_SYMBOL$2
          && !Symbol.sham
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
          && typeof Symbol.iterator == 'symbol';
 
-       // `IsArray` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-isarray
-       var isArray = Array.isArray || function isArray(arg) {
-         return classofRaw(arg) == 'Array';
+       var global$u = global$F;
+       var shared$2 = shared$5.exports;
+       var has$d = has$j;
+       var uid$3 = uid$5;
+       var NATIVE_SYMBOL$1 = nativeSymbol;
+       var USE_SYMBOL_AS_UID$1 = useSymbolAsUid;
+
+       var WellKnownSymbolsStore$1 = shared$2('wks');
+       var Symbol$1 = global$u.Symbol;
+       var createWellKnownSymbol = USE_SYMBOL_AS_UID$1 ? Symbol$1 : Symbol$1 && Symbol$1.withoutSetter || uid$3;
+
+       var wellKnownSymbol$s = function (name) {
+         if (!has$d(WellKnownSymbolsStore$1, name) || !(NATIVE_SYMBOL$1 || typeof WellKnownSymbolsStore$1[name] == 'string')) {
+           if (NATIVE_SYMBOL$1 && has$d(Symbol$1, name)) {
+             WellKnownSymbolsStore$1[name] = Symbol$1[name];
+           } else {
+             WellKnownSymbolsStore$1[name] = createWellKnownSymbol('Symbol.' + name);
+           }
+         } return WellKnownSymbolsStore$1[name];
        };
 
-       // `ToObject` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-toobject
-       var toObject = function (argument) {
-         return Object(requireObjectCoercible(argument));
+       var wellKnownSymbol$r = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+
+       wellKnownSymbolWrapped.f = wellKnownSymbol$r;
+
+       var path = path$2;
+       var has$c = has$j;
+       var wrappedWellKnownSymbolModule$1 = wellKnownSymbolWrapped;
+       var defineProperty$a = objectDefineProperty.f;
+
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol$4 = function (NAME) {
+         var Symbol = path.Symbol || (path.Symbol = {});
+         if (!has$c(Symbol, NAME)) defineProperty$a(Symbol, NAME, {
+           value: wrappedWellKnownSymbolModule$1.f(NAME)
+         });
        };
 
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol$3 = defineWellKnownSymbol$4;
+
+       // `Symbol.iterator` well-known symbol
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.iterator
+       defineWellKnownSymbol$3('iterator');
+
+       var internalObjectKeys = objectKeysInternal;
+       var enumBugKeys$1 = enumBugKeys$3;
+
        // `Object.keys` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.keys
-       var objectKeys = Object.keys || function keys(O) {
-         return objectKeysInternal(O, enumBugKeys);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.keys
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-keys -- safe
+       var objectKeys$4 = Object.keys || function keys(O) {
+         return internalObjectKeys(O, enumBugKeys$1);
        };
 
+       var DESCRIPTORS$i = descriptors;
+       var definePropertyModule$5 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var anObject$j = anObject$m;
+       var objectKeys$3 = objectKeys$4;
+
        // `Object.defineProperties` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperties
-       var objectDefineProperties = descriptors ? Object.defineProperties : function defineProperties(O, Properties) {
-         anObject(O);
-         var keys = objectKeys(Properties);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperties
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperties -- safe
+       var objectDefineProperties = DESCRIPTORS$i ? Object.defineProperties : function defineProperties(O, Properties) {
+         anObject$j(O);
+         var keys = objectKeys$3(Properties);
          var length = keys.length;
          var index = 0;
          var key;
-         while (length > index) objectDefineProperty.f(O, key = keys[index++], Properties[key]);
+         while (length > index) definePropertyModule$5.f(O, key = keys[index++], Properties[key]);
          return O;
        };
 
-       var html = getBuiltIn('document', 'documentElement');
+       var getBuiltIn$6 = getBuiltIn$9;
+
+       var html$2 = getBuiltIn$6('document', 'documentElement');
+
+       var anObject$i = anObject$m;
+       var defineProperties$2 = objectDefineProperties;
+       var enumBugKeys = enumBugKeys$3;
+       var hiddenKeys$2 = hiddenKeys$6;
+       var html$1 = html$2;
+       var documentCreateElement = documentCreateElement$1;
+       var sharedKey$2 = sharedKey$4;
 
        var GT = '>';
        var LT = '<';
-       var PROTOTYPE = 'prototype';
+       var PROTOTYPE$2 = 'prototype';
        var SCRIPT = 'script';
-       var IE_PROTO = sharedKey('IE_PROTO');
+       var IE_PROTO$1 = sharedKey$2('IE_PROTO');
 
        var EmptyConstructor = function () { /* empty */ };
 
          var JS = 'java' + SCRIPT + ':';
          var iframeDocument;
          iframe.style.display = 'none';
-         html.appendChild(iframe);
+         html$1.appendChild(iframe);
          // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/475
          iframe.src = String(JS);
          iframeDocument = iframe.contentWindow.document;
        var activeXDocument;
        var NullProtoObject = function () {
          try {
-           /* global ActiveXObject */
+           /* global ActiveXObject -- old IE */
            activeXDocument = document.domain && new ActiveXObject('htmlfile');
          } catch (error) { /* ignore */ }
          NullProtoObject = activeXDocument ? NullProtoObjectViaActiveX(activeXDocument) : NullProtoObjectViaIFrame();
          var length = enumBugKeys.length;
-         while (length--) delete NullProtoObject[PROTOTYPE][enumBugKeys[length]];
+         while (length--) delete NullProtoObject[PROTOTYPE$2][enumBugKeys[length]];
          return NullProtoObject();
        };
 
-       hiddenKeys[IE_PROTO] = true;
+       hiddenKeys$2[IE_PROTO$1] = true;
 
        // `Object.create` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.create
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.create
        var objectCreate = Object.create || function create(O, Properties) {
          var result;
          if (O !== null) {
-           EmptyConstructor[PROTOTYPE] = anObject(O);
+           EmptyConstructor[PROTOTYPE$2] = anObject$i(O);
            result = new EmptyConstructor();
-           EmptyConstructor[PROTOTYPE] = null;
+           EmptyConstructor[PROTOTYPE$2] = null;
            // add "__proto__" for Object.getPrototypeOf polyfill
-           result[IE_PROTO] = O;
+           result[IE_PROTO$1] = O;
          } else result = NullProtoObject();
-         return Properties === undefined ? result : objectDefineProperties(result, Properties);
+         return Properties === undefined ? result : defineProperties$2(result, Properties);
        };
 
-       var nativeGetOwnPropertyNames = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
-
-       var toString$1 = {}.toString;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$q = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var create$b = objectCreate;
+       var definePropertyModule$4 = objectDefineProperty;
 
-       var windowNames = typeof window == 'object' && window && Object.getOwnPropertyNames
-         ? Object.getOwnPropertyNames(window) : [];
-
-       var getWindowNames = function (it) {
-         try {
-           return nativeGetOwnPropertyNames(it);
-         } catch (error) {
-           return windowNames.slice();
-         }
-       };
+       var UNSCOPABLES = wellKnownSymbol$q('unscopables');
+       var ArrayPrototype$1 = Array.prototype;
 
-       // fallback for IE11 buggy Object.getOwnPropertyNames with iframe and window
-       var f$5 = function getOwnPropertyNames(it) {
-         return windowNames && toString$1.call(it) == '[object Window]'
-           ? getWindowNames(it)
-           : nativeGetOwnPropertyNames(toIndexedObject(it));
-       };
+       // Array.prototype[@@unscopables]
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       if (ArrayPrototype$1[UNSCOPABLES] == undefined) {
+         definePropertyModule$4.f(ArrayPrototype$1, UNSCOPABLES, {
+           configurable: true,
+           value: create$b(null)
+         });
+       }
 
-       var objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal = {
-               f: f$5
+       // add a key to Array.prototype[@@unscopables]
+       var addToUnscopables$5 = function (key) {
+         ArrayPrototype$1[UNSCOPABLES][key] = true;
        };
 
-       var WellKnownSymbolsStore = shared('wks');
-       var Symbol$1 = global_1.Symbol;
-       var createWellKnownSymbol = useSymbolAsUid ? Symbol$1 : Symbol$1 && Symbol$1.withoutSetter || uid;
+       var iterators = {};
 
-       var wellKnownSymbol = function (name) {
-         if (!has(WellKnownSymbolsStore, name)) {
-           if (nativeSymbol && has(Symbol$1, name)) WellKnownSymbolsStore[name] = Symbol$1[name];
-           else WellKnownSymbolsStore[name] = createWellKnownSymbol('Symbol.' + name);
-         } return WellKnownSymbolsStore[name];
-       };
+       var fails$H = fails$N;
 
-       var f$6 = wellKnownSymbol;
+       var correctPrototypeGetter = !fails$H(function () {
+         function F() { /* empty */ }
+         F.prototype.constructor = null;
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getprototypeof -- required for testing
+         return Object.getPrototypeOf(new F()) !== F.prototype;
+       });
 
-       var wellKnownSymbolWrapped = {
-               f: f$6
-       };
+       var has$b = has$j;
+       var toObject$g = toObject$i;
+       var sharedKey$1 = sharedKey$4;
+       var CORRECT_PROTOTYPE_GETTER$1 = correctPrototypeGetter;
 
-       var defineProperty = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var IE_PROTO = sharedKey$1('IE_PROTO');
+       var ObjectPrototype$3 = Object.prototype;
 
-       var defineWellKnownSymbol = function (NAME) {
-         var Symbol = path.Symbol || (path.Symbol = {});
-         if (!has(Symbol, NAME)) defineProperty(Symbol, NAME, {
-           value: wellKnownSymbolWrapped.f(NAME)
-         });
+       // `Object.getPrototypeOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getprototypeof
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getprototypeof -- safe
+       var objectGetPrototypeOf = CORRECT_PROTOTYPE_GETTER$1 ? Object.getPrototypeOf : function (O) {
+         O = toObject$g(O);
+         if (has$b(O, IE_PROTO)) return O[IE_PROTO];
+         if (typeof O.constructor == 'function' && O instanceof O.constructor) {
+           return O.constructor.prototype;
+         } return O instanceof Object ? ObjectPrototype$3 : null;
        };
 
-       var defineProperty$1 = objectDefineProperty.f;
-
+       var fails$G = fails$N;
+       var getPrototypeOf$4 = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$9 = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var has$a = has$j;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$p = wellKnownSymbol$s;
 
+       var ITERATOR$8 = wellKnownSymbol$p('iterator');
+       var BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1 = false;
 
-       var TO_STRING_TAG = wellKnownSymbol('toStringTag');
-
-       var setToStringTag = function (it, TAG, STATIC) {
-         if (it && !has(it = STATIC ? it : it.prototype, TO_STRING_TAG)) {
-           defineProperty$1(it, TO_STRING_TAG, { configurable: true, value: TAG });
-         }
-       };
+       var returnThis$2 = function () { return this; };
 
-       var aFunction$1 = function (it) {
-         if (typeof it != 'function') {
-           throw TypeError(String(it) + ' is not a function');
-         } return it;
-       };
+       // `%IteratorPrototype%` object
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%iteratorprototype%-object
+       var IteratorPrototype$2, PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype, arrayIterator;
 
-       // optional / simple context binding
-       var functionBindContext = function (fn, that, length) {
-         aFunction$1(fn);
-         if (that === undefined) return fn;
-         switch (length) {
-           case 0: return function () {
-             return fn.call(that);
-           };
-           case 1: return function (a) {
-             return fn.call(that, a);
-           };
-           case 2: return function (a, b) {
-             return fn.call(that, a, b);
-           };
-           case 3: return function (a, b, c) {
-             return fn.call(that, a, b, c);
-           };
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-array-prototype-keys -- safe */
+       if ([].keys) {
+         arrayIterator = [].keys();
+         // Safari 8 has buggy iterators w/o `next`
+         if (!('next' in arrayIterator)) BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1 = true;
+         else {
+           PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype = getPrototypeOf$4(getPrototypeOf$4(arrayIterator));
+           if (PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype !== Object.prototype) IteratorPrototype$2 = PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype;
          }
-         return function (/* ...args */) {
-           return fn.apply(that, arguments);
-         };
-       };
-
-       var SPECIES = wellKnownSymbol('species');
+       }
 
-       // `ArraySpeciesCreate` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-arrayspeciescreate
-       var arraySpeciesCreate = function (originalArray, length) {
-         var C;
-         if (isArray(originalArray)) {
-           C = originalArray.constructor;
-           // cross-realm fallback
-           if (typeof C == 'function' && (C === Array || isArray(C.prototype))) C = undefined;
-           else if (isObject(C)) {
-             C = C[SPECIES];
-             if (C === null) C = undefined;
-           }
-         } return new (C === undefined ? Array : C)(length === 0 ? 0 : length);
-       };
+       var NEW_ITERATOR_PROTOTYPE = IteratorPrototype$2 == undefined || fails$G(function () {
+         var test = {};
+         // FF44- legacy iterators case
+         return IteratorPrototype$2[ITERATOR$8].call(test) !== test;
+       });
 
-       var push = [].push;
+       if (NEW_ITERATOR_PROTOTYPE) IteratorPrototype$2 = {};
 
-       // `Array.prototype.{ forEach, map, filter, some, every, find, findIndex }` methods implementation
-       var createMethod$1 = function (TYPE) {
-         var IS_MAP = TYPE == 1;
-         var IS_FILTER = TYPE == 2;
-         var IS_SOME = TYPE == 3;
-         var IS_EVERY = TYPE == 4;
-         var IS_FIND_INDEX = TYPE == 6;
-         var NO_HOLES = TYPE == 5 || IS_FIND_INDEX;
-         return function ($this, callbackfn, that, specificCreate) {
-           var O = toObject($this);
-           var self = indexedObject(O);
-           var boundFunction = functionBindContext(callbackfn, that, 3);
-           var length = toLength(self.length);
-           var index = 0;
-           var create = specificCreate || arraySpeciesCreate;
-           var target = IS_MAP ? create($this, length) : IS_FILTER ? create($this, 0) : undefined;
-           var value, result;
-           for (;length > index; index++) if (NO_HOLES || index in self) {
-             value = self[index];
-             result = boundFunction(value, index, O);
-             if (TYPE) {
-               if (IS_MAP) target[index] = result; // map
-               else if (result) switch (TYPE) {
-                 case 3: return true;              // some
-                 case 5: return value;             // find
-                 case 6: return index;             // findIndex
-                 case 2: push.call(target, value); // filter
-               } else if (IS_EVERY) return false;  // every
-             }
-           }
-           return IS_FIND_INDEX ? -1 : IS_SOME || IS_EVERY ? IS_EVERY : target;
-         };
-       };
+       // `%IteratorPrototype%[@@iterator]()` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%iteratorprototype%-@@iterator
+       if (!has$a(IteratorPrototype$2, ITERATOR$8)) {
+         createNonEnumerableProperty$9(IteratorPrototype$2, ITERATOR$8, returnThis$2);
+       }
 
-       var arrayIteration = {
-         // `Array.prototype.forEach` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.foreach
-         forEach: createMethod$1(0),
-         // `Array.prototype.map` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.map
-         map: createMethod$1(1),
-         // `Array.prototype.filter` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.filter
-         filter: createMethod$1(2),
-         // `Array.prototype.some` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.some
-         some: createMethod$1(3),
-         // `Array.prototype.every` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.every
-         every: createMethod$1(4),
-         // `Array.prototype.find` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.find
-         find: createMethod$1(5),
-         // `Array.prototype.findIndex` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.findIndex
-         findIndex: createMethod$1(6)
+       var iteratorsCore = {
+         IteratorPrototype: IteratorPrototype$2,
+         BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS: BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1
        };
 
-       var $forEach = arrayIteration.forEach;
+       var defineProperty$9 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var has$9 = has$j;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$o = wellKnownSymbol$s;
 
-       var HIDDEN = sharedKey('hidden');
-       var SYMBOL = 'Symbol';
-       var PROTOTYPE$1 = 'prototype';
-       var TO_PRIMITIVE = wellKnownSymbol('toPrimitive');
-       var setInternalState = internalState.set;
-       var getInternalState = internalState.getterFor(SYMBOL);
-       var ObjectPrototype = Object[PROTOTYPE$1];
-       var $Symbol = global_1.Symbol;
-       var $stringify = getBuiltIn('JSON', 'stringify');
-       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
-       var nativeDefineProperty$1 = objectDefineProperty.f;
-       var nativeGetOwnPropertyNames$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f;
-       var nativePropertyIsEnumerable$1 = objectPropertyIsEnumerable.f;
-       var AllSymbols = shared('symbols');
-       var ObjectPrototypeSymbols = shared('op-symbols');
-       var StringToSymbolRegistry = shared('string-to-symbol-registry');
-       var SymbolToStringRegistry = shared('symbol-to-string-registry');
-       var WellKnownSymbolsStore$1 = shared('wks');
-       var QObject = global_1.QObject;
-       // Don't use setters in Qt Script, https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/173
-       var USE_SETTER = !QObject || !QObject[PROTOTYPE$1] || !QObject[PROTOTYPE$1].findChild;
+       var TO_STRING_TAG$4 = wellKnownSymbol$o('toStringTag');
 
-       // fallback for old Android, https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=687
-       var setSymbolDescriptor = descriptors && fails(function () {
-         return objectCreate(nativeDefineProperty$1({}, 'a', {
-           get: function () { return nativeDefineProperty$1(this, 'a', { value: 7 }).a; }
-         })).a != 7;
-       }) ? function (O, P, Attributes) {
-         var ObjectPrototypeDescriptor = nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$1(ObjectPrototype, P);
-         if (ObjectPrototypeDescriptor) delete ObjectPrototype[P];
-         nativeDefineProperty$1(O, P, Attributes);
-         if (ObjectPrototypeDescriptor && O !== ObjectPrototype) {
-           nativeDefineProperty$1(ObjectPrototype, P, ObjectPrototypeDescriptor);
+       var setToStringTag$a = function (it, TAG, STATIC) {
+         if (it && !has$9(it = STATIC ? it : it.prototype, TO_STRING_TAG$4)) {
+           defineProperty$9(it, TO_STRING_TAG$4, { configurable: true, value: TAG });
          }
-       } : nativeDefineProperty$1;
-
-       var wrap = function (tag, description) {
-         var symbol = AllSymbols[tag] = objectCreate($Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1]);
-         setInternalState(symbol, {
-           type: SYMBOL,
-           tag: tag,
-           description: description
-         });
-         if (!descriptors) symbol.description = description;
-         return symbol;
-       };
-
-       var isSymbol = useSymbolAsUid ? function (it) {
-         return typeof it == 'symbol';
-       } : function (it) {
-         return Object(it) instanceof $Symbol;
        };
 
-       var $defineProperty = function defineProperty(O, P, Attributes) {
-         if (O === ObjectPrototype) $defineProperty(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, P, Attributes);
-         anObject(O);
-         var key = toPrimitive(P, true);
-         anObject(Attributes);
-         if (has(AllSymbols, key)) {
-           if (!Attributes.enumerable) {
-             if (!has(O, HIDDEN)) nativeDefineProperty$1(O, HIDDEN, createPropertyDescriptor(1, {}));
-             O[HIDDEN][key] = true;
-           } else {
-             if (has(O, HIDDEN) && O[HIDDEN][key]) O[HIDDEN][key] = false;
-             Attributes = objectCreate(Attributes, { enumerable: createPropertyDescriptor(0, false) });
-           } return setSymbolDescriptor(O, key, Attributes);
-         } return nativeDefineProperty$1(O, key, Attributes);
-       };
+       var IteratorPrototype$1 = iteratorsCore.IteratorPrototype;
+       var create$a = objectCreate;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$4 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var setToStringTag$9 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var Iterators$4 = iterators;
 
-       var $defineProperties = function defineProperties(O, Properties) {
-         anObject(O);
-         var properties = toIndexedObject(Properties);
-         var keys = objectKeys(properties).concat($getOwnPropertySymbols(properties));
-         $forEach(keys, function (key) {
-           if (!descriptors || $propertyIsEnumerable.call(properties, key)) $defineProperty(O, key, properties[key]);
-         });
-         return O;
-       };
+       var returnThis$1 = function () { return this; };
 
-       var $create = function create(O, Properties) {
-         return Properties === undefined ? objectCreate(O) : $defineProperties(objectCreate(O), Properties);
+       var createIteratorConstructor$2 = function (IteratorConstructor, NAME, next) {
+         var TO_STRING_TAG = NAME + ' Iterator';
+         IteratorConstructor.prototype = create$a(IteratorPrototype$1, { next: createPropertyDescriptor$4(1, next) });
+         setToStringTag$9(IteratorConstructor, TO_STRING_TAG, false);
+         Iterators$4[TO_STRING_TAG] = returnThis$1;
+         return IteratorConstructor;
        };
 
-       var $propertyIsEnumerable = function propertyIsEnumerable(V) {
-         var P = toPrimitive(V, true);
-         var enumerable = nativePropertyIsEnumerable$1.call(this, P);
-         if (this === ObjectPrototype && has(AllSymbols, P) && !has(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, P)) return false;
-         return enumerable || !has(this, P) || !has(AllSymbols, P) || has(this, HIDDEN) && this[HIDDEN][P] ? enumerable : true;
-       };
+       var isObject$m = isObject$r;
 
-       var $getOwnPropertyDescriptor = function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(O, P) {
-         var it = toIndexedObject(O);
-         var key = toPrimitive(P, true);
-         if (it === ObjectPrototype && has(AllSymbols, key) && !has(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, key)) return;
-         var descriptor = nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$1(it, key);
-         if (descriptor && has(AllSymbols, key) && !(has(it, HIDDEN) && it[HIDDEN][key])) {
-           descriptor.enumerable = true;
-         }
-         return descriptor;
+       var aPossiblePrototype$1 = function (it) {
+         if (!isObject$m(it) && it !== null) {
+           throw TypeError("Can't set " + String(it) + ' as a prototype');
+         } return it;
        };
 
-       var $getOwnPropertyNames = function getOwnPropertyNames(O) {
-         var names = nativeGetOwnPropertyNames$1(toIndexedObject(O));
-         var result = [];
-         $forEach(names, function (key) {
-           if (!has(AllSymbols, key) && !has(hiddenKeys, key)) result.push(key);
-         });
-         return result;
-       };
+       /* eslint-disable no-proto -- safe */
 
-       var $getOwnPropertySymbols = function getOwnPropertySymbols(O) {
-         var IS_OBJECT_PROTOTYPE = O === ObjectPrototype;
-         var names = nativeGetOwnPropertyNames$1(IS_OBJECT_PROTOTYPE ? ObjectPrototypeSymbols : toIndexedObject(O));
-         var result = [];
-         $forEach(names, function (key) {
-           if (has(AllSymbols, key) && (!IS_OBJECT_PROTOTYPE || has(ObjectPrototype, key))) {
-             result.push(AllSymbols[key]);
-           }
-         });
-         return result;
-       };
+       var anObject$h = anObject$m;
+       var aPossiblePrototype = aPossiblePrototype$1;
 
-       // `Symbol` constructor
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-symbol-constructor
-       if (!nativeSymbol) {
-         $Symbol = function Symbol() {
-           if (this instanceof $Symbol) throw TypeError('Symbol is not a constructor');
-           var description = !arguments.length || arguments[0] === undefined ? undefined : String(arguments[0]);
-           var tag = uid(description);
-           var setter = function (value) {
-             if (this === ObjectPrototype) setter.call(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, value);
-             if (has(this, HIDDEN) && has(this[HIDDEN], tag)) this[HIDDEN][tag] = false;
-             setSymbolDescriptor(this, tag, createPropertyDescriptor(1, value));
-           };
-           if (descriptors && USE_SETTER) setSymbolDescriptor(ObjectPrototype, tag, { configurable: true, set: setter });
-           return wrap(tag, description);
+       // `Object.setPrototypeOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.setprototypeof
+       // Works with __proto__ only. Old v8 can't work with null proto objects.
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-setprototypeof -- safe
+       var objectSetPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf || ('__proto__' in {} ? function () {
+         var CORRECT_SETTER = false;
+         var test = {};
+         var setter;
+         try {
+           // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+           setter = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Object.prototype, '__proto__').set;
+           setter.call(test, []);
+           CORRECT_SETTER = test instanceof Array;
+         } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+         return function setPrototypeOf(O, proto) {
+           anObject$h(O);
+           aPossiblePrototype(proto);
+           if (CORRECT_SETTER) setter.call(O, proto);
+           else O.__proto__ = proto;
+           return O;
          };
+       }() : undefined);
 
-         redefine($Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1], 'toString', function toString() {
-           return getInternalState(this).tag;
-         });
+       var $$15 = _export;
+       var createIteratorConstructor$1 = createIteratorConstructor$2;
+       var getPrototypeOf$3 = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var setPrototypeOf$6 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var setToStringTag$8 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$8 = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var redefine$d = redefine$g.exports;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$n = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var Iterators$3 = iterators;
+       var IteratorsCore = iteratorsCore;
+
+       var IteratorPrototype = IteratorsCore.IteratorPrototype;
+       var BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS = IteratorsCore.BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS;
+       var ITERATOR$7 = wellKnownSymbol$n('iterator');
+       var KEYS = 'keys';
+       var VALUES = 'values';
+       var ENTRIES = 'entries';
 
-         redefine($Symbol, 'withoutSetter', function (description) {
-           return wrap(uid(description), description);
-         });
+       var returnThis = function () { return this; };
 
-         objectPropertyIsEnumerable.f = $propertyIsEnumerable;
-         objectDefineProperty.f = $defineProperty;
-         objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f = $getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
-         objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f = objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f = $getOwnPropertyNames;
-         objectGetOwnPropertySymbols.f = $getOwnPropertySymbols;
+       var defineIterator$3 = function (Iterable, NAME, IteratorConstructor, next, DEFAULT, IS_SET, FORCED) {
+         createIteratorConstructor$1(IteratorConstructor, NAME, next);
 
-         wellKnownSymbolWrapped.f = function (name) {
-           return wrap(wellKnownSymbol(name), name);
+         var getIterationMethod = function (KIND) {
+           if (KIND === DEFAULT && defaultIterator) return defaultIterator;
+           if (!BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS && KIND in IterablePrototype) return IterablePrototype[KIND];
+           switch (KIND) {
+             case KEYS: return function keys() { return new IteratorConstructor(this, KIND); };
+             case VALUES: return function values() { return new IteratorConstructor(this, KIND); };
+             case ENTRIES: return function entries() { return new IteratorConstructor(this, KIND); };
+           } return function () { return new IteratorConstructor(this); };
          };
 
-         if (descriptors) {
-           // https://github.com/tc39/proposal-Symbol-description
-           nativeDefineProperty$1($Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1], 'description', {
-             configurable: true,
-             get: function description() {
-               return getInternalState(this).description;
-             }
-           });
+         var TO_STRING_TAG = NAME + ' Iterator';
+         var INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME = false;
+         var IterablePrototype = Iterable.prototype;
+         var nativeIterator = IterablePrototype[ITERATOR$7]
+           || IterablePrototype['@@iterator']
+           || DEFAULT && IterablePrototype[DEFAULT];
+         var defaultIterator = !BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS && nativeIterator || getIterationMethod(DEFAULT);
+         var anyNativeIterator = NAME == 'Array' ? IterablePrototype.entries || nativeIterator : nativeIterator;
+         var CurrentIteratorPrototype, methods, KEY;
+
+         // fix native
+         if (anyNativeIterator) {
+           CurrentIteratorPrototype = getPrototypeOf$3(anyNativeIterator.call(new Iterable()));
+           if (IteratorPrototype !== Object.prototype && CurrentIteratorPrototype.next) {
+             if (getPrototypeOf$3(CurrentIteratorPrototype) !== IteratorPrototype) {
+               if (setPrototypeOf$6) {
+                 setPrototypeOf$6(CurrentIteratorPrototype, IteratorPrototype);
+               } else if (typeof CurrentIteratorPrototype[ITERATOR$7] != 'function') {
+                 createNonEnumerableProperty$8(CurrentIteratorPrototype, ITERATOR$7, returnThis);
+               }
+             }
+             // Set @@toStringTag to native iterators
+             setToStringTag$8(CurrentIteratorPrototype, TO_STRING_TAG, true);
+           }
+         }
+
+         // fix Array.prototype.{ values, @@iterator }.name in V8 / FF
+         if (DEFAULT == VALUES && nativeIterator && nativeIterator.name !== VALUES) {
+           INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME = true;
+           defaultIterator = function values() { return nativeIterator.call(this); };
+         }
+
+         // define iterator
+         if (IterablePrototype[ITERATOR$7] !== defaultIterator) {
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$8(IterablePrototype, ITERATOR$7, defaultIterator);
+         }
+         Iterators$3[NAME] = defaultIterator;
+
+         // export additional methods
+         if (DEFAULT) {
+           methods = {
+             values: getIterationMethod(VALUES),
+             keys: IS_SET ? defaultIterator : getIterationMethod(KEYS),
+             entries: getIterationMethod(ENTRIES)
+           };
+           if (FORCED) for (KEY in methods) {
+             if (BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS || INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME || !(KEY in IterablePrototype)) {
+               redefine$d(IterablePrototype, KEY, methods[KEY]);
+             }
+           } else $$15({ target: NAME, proto: true, forced: BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS || INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME }, methods);
+         }
+
+         return methods;
+       };
+
+       var toIndexedObject$7 = toIndexedObject$b;
+       var addToUnscopables$4 = addToUnscopables$5;
+       var Iterators$2 = iterators;
+       var InternalStateModule$8 = internalState;
+       var defineIterator$2 = defineIterator$3;
+
+       var ARRAY_ITERATOR = 'Array Iterator';
+       var setInternalState$8 = InternalStateModule$8.set;
+       var getInternalState$6 = InternalStateModule$8.getterFor(ARRAY_ITERATOR);
+
+       // `Array.prototype.entries` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.entries
+       // `Array.prototype.keys` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.keys
+       // `Array.prototype.values` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.values
+       // `Array.prototype[@@iterator]` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@iterator
+       // `CreateArrayIterator` internal method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-createarrayiterator
+       var es_array_iterator = defineIterator$2(Array, 'Array', function (iterated, kind) {
+         setInternalState$8(this, {
+           type: ARRAY_ITERATOR,
+           target: toIndexedObject$7(iterated), // target
+           index: 0,                          // next index
+           kind: kind                         // kind
+         });
+       // `%ArrayIteratorPrototype%.next` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%arrayiteratorprototype%.next
+       }, function () {
+         var state = getInternalState$6(this);
+         var target = state.target;
+         var kind = state.kind;
+         var index = state.index++;
+         if (!target || index >= target.length) {
+           state.target = undefined;
+           return { value: undefined, done: true };
+         }
+         if (kind == 'keys') return { value: index, done: false };
+         if (kind == 'values') return { value: target[index], done: false };
+         return { value: [index, target[index]], done: false };
+       }, 'values');
+
+       // argumentsList[@@iterator] is %ArrayProto_values%
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-createunmappedargumentsobject
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-createmappedargumentsobject
+       Iterators$2.Arguments = Iterators$2.Array;
+
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables$4('keys');
+       addToUnscopables$4('values');
+       addToUnscopables$4('entries');
+
+       var wellKnownSymbol$m = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG$3 = wellKnownSymbol$m('toStringTag');
+       var test$2 = {};
+
+       test$2[TO_STRING_TAG$3] = 'z';
+
+       var toStringTagSupport = String(test$2) === '[object z]';
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT$2 = toStringTagSupport;
+       var classofRaw = classofRaw$1;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$l = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG$2 = wellKnownSymbol$l('toStringTag');
+       // ES3 wrong here
+       var CORRECT_ARGUMENTS = classofRaw(function () { return arguments; }()) == 'Arguments';
+
+       // fallback for IE11 Script Access Denied error
+       var tryGet = function (it, key) {
+         try {
+           return it[key];
+         } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+       };
+
+       // getting tag from ES6+ `Object.prototype.toString`
+       var classof$b = TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT$2 ? classofRaw : function (it) {
+         var O, tag, result;
+         return it === undefined ? 'Undefined' : it === null ? 'Null'
+           // @@toStringTag case
+           : typeof (tag = tryGet(O = Object(it), TO_STRING_TAG$2)) == 'string' ? tag
+           // builtinTag case
+           : CORRECT_ARGUMENTS ? classofRaw(O)
+           // ES3 arguments fallback
+           : (result = classofRaw(O)) == 'Object' && typeof O.callee == 'function' ? 'Arguments' : result;
+       };
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT$1 = toStringTagSupport;
+       var classof$a = classof$b;
+
+       // `Object.prototype.toString` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.prototype.tostring
+       var objectToString$1 = TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT$1 ? {}.toString : function toString() {
+         return '[object ' + classof$a(this) + ']';
+       };
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT = toStringTagSupport;
+       var redefine$c = redefine$g.exports;
+       var toString$1 = objectToString$1;
+
+       // `Object.prototype.toString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.prototype.tostring
+       if (!TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT) {
+         redefine$c(Object.prototype, 'toString', toString$1, { unsafe: true });
+       }
+
+       var toInteger$8 = toInteger$b;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$b = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+
+       // `String.prototype.{ codePointAt, at }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod$5 = function (CONVERT_TO_STRING) {
+         return function ($this, pos) {
+           var S = String(requireObjectCoercible$b($this));
+           var position = toInteger$8(pos);
+           var size = S.length;
+           var first, second;
+           if (position < 0 || position >= size) return CONVERT_TO_STRING ? '' : undefined;
+           first = S.charCodeAt(position);
+           return first < 0xD800 || first > 0xDBFF || position + 1 === size
+             || (second = S.charCodeAt(position + 1)) < 0xDC00 || second > 0xDFFF
+               ? CONVERT_TO_STRING ? S.charAt(position) : first
+               : CONVERT_TO_STRING ? S.slice(position, position + 2) : (first - 0xD800 << 10) + (second - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
+         };
+       };
+
+       var stringMultibyte = {
+         // `String.prototype.codePointAt` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.codepointat
+         codeAt: createMethod$5(false),
+         // `String.prototype.at` method
+         // https://github.com/mathiasbynens/String.prototype.at
+         charAt: createMethod$5(true)
+       };
+
+       var charAt$1 = stringMultibyte.charAt;
+       var InternalStateModule$7 = internalState;
+       var defineIterator$1 = defineIterator$3;
+
+       var STRING_ITERATOR = 'String Iterator';
+       var setInternalState$7 = InternalStateModule$7.set;
+       var getInternalState$5 = InternalStateModule$7.getterFor(STRING_ITERATOR);
+
+       // `String.prototype[@@iterator]` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype-@@iterator
+       defineIterator$1(String, 'String', function (iterated) {
+         setInternalState$7(this, {
+           type: STRING_ITERATOR,
+           string: String(iterated),
+           index: 0
+         });
+       // `%StringIteratorPrototype%.next` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%stringiteratorprototype%.next
+       }, function next() {
+         var state = getInternalState$5(this);
+         var string = state.string;
+         var index = state.index;
+         var point;
+         if (index >= string.length) return { value: undefined, done: true };
+         point = charAt$1(string, index);
+         state.index += point.length;
+         return { value: point, done: false };
+       });
+
+       // iterable DOM collections
+       // flag - `iterable` interface - 'entries', 'keys', 'values', 'forEach' methods
+       var domIterables = {
+         CSSRuleList: 0,
+         CSSStyleDeclaration: 0,
+         CSSValueList: 0,
+         ClientRectList: 0,
+         DOMRectList: 0,
+         DOMStringList: 0,
+         DOMTokenList: 1,
+         DataTransferItemList: 0,
+         FileList: 0,
+         HTMLAllCollection: 0,
+         HTMLCollection: 0,
+         HTMLFormElement: 0,
+         HTMLSelectElement: 0,
+         MediaList: 0,
+         MimeTypeArray: 0,
+         NamedNodeMap: 0,
+         NodeList: 1,
+         PaintRequestList: 0,
+         Plugin: 0,
+         PluginArray: 0,
+         SVGLengthList: 0,
+         SVGNumberList: 0,
+         SVGPathSegList: 0,
+         SVGPointList: 0,
+         SVGStringList: 0,
+         SVGTransformList: 0,
+         SourceBufferList: 0,
+         StyleSheetList: 0,
+         TextTrackCueList: 0,
+         TextTrackList: 0,
+         TouchList: 0
+       };
+
+       var global$t = global$F;
+       var DOMIterables$1 = domIterables;
+       var ArrayIteratorMethods = es_array_iterator;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$7 = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$k = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+
+       var ITERATOR$6 = wellKnownSymbol$k('iterator');
+       var TO_STRING_TAG$1 = wellKnownSymbol$k('toStringTag');
+       var ArrayValues = ArrayIteratorMethods.values;
+
+       for (var COLLECTION_NAME$1 in DOMIterables$1) {
+         var Collection$1 = global$t[COLLECTION_NAME$1];
+         var CollectionPrototype$1 = Collection$1 && Collection$1.prototype;
+         if (CollectionPrototype$1) {
+           // some Chrome versions have non-configurable methods on DOMTokenList
+           if (CollectionPrototype$1[ITERATOR$6] !== ArrayValues) try {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$7(CollectionPrototype$1, ITERATOR$6, ArrayValues);
+           } catch (error) {
+             CollectionPrototype$1[ITERATOR$6] = ArrayValues;
+           }
+           if (!CollectionPrototype$1[TO_STRING_TAG$1]) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$7(CollectionPrototype$1, TO_STRING_TAG$1, COLLECTION_NAME$1);
+           }
+           if (DOMIterables$1[COLLECTION_NAME$1]) for (var METHOD_NAME in ArrayIteratorMethods) {
+             // some Chrome versions have non-configurable methods on DOMTokenList
+             if (CollectionPrototype$1[METHOD_NAME] !== ArrayIteratorMethods[METHOD_NAME]) try {
+               createNonEnumerableProperty$7(CollectionPrototype$1, METHOD_NAME, ArrayIteratorMethods[METHOD_NAME]);
+             } catch (error) {
+               CollectionPrototype$1[METHOD_NAME] = ArrayIteratorMethods[METHOD_NAME];
+             }
+           }
+         }
+       }
+
+       var classof$9 = classofRaw$1;
+
+       // `IsArray` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-isarray
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-isarray -- safe
+       var isArray$6 = Array.isArray || function isArray(arg) {
+         return classof$9(arg) == 'Array';
+       };
+
+       var objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal = {};
+
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-object-getownpropertynames -- safe */
+
+       var toIndexedObject$6 = toIndexedObject$b;
+       var $getOwnPropertyNames$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+
+       var toString = {}.toString;
+
+       var windowNames = typeof window == 'object' && window && Object.getOwnPropertyNames
+         ? Object.getOwnPropertyNames(window) : [];
+
+       var getWindowNames = function (it) {
+         try {
+           return $getOwnPropertyNames$1(it);
+         } catch (error) {
+           return windowNames.slice();
+         }
+       };
+
+       // fallback for IE11 buggy Object.getOwnPropertyNames with iframe and window
+       objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f = function getOwnPropertyNames(it) {
+         return windowNames && toString.call(it) == '[object Window]'
+           ? getWindowNames(it)
+           : $getOwnPropertyNames$1(toIndexedObject$6(it));
+       };
+
+       var aFunction$9 = function (it) {
+         if (typeof it != 'function') {
+           throw TypeError(String(it) + ' is not a function');
+         } return it;
+       };
+
+       var aFunction$8 = aFunction$9;
+
+       // optional / simple context binding
+       var functionBindContext = function (fn, that, length) {
+         aFunction$8(fn);
+         if (that === undefined) return fn;
+         switch (length) {
+           case 0: return function () {
+             return fn.call(that);
+           };
+           case 1: return function (a) {
+             return fn.call(that, a);
+           };
+           case 2: return function (a, b) {
+             return fn.call(that, a, b);
+           };
+           case 3: return function (a, b, c) {
+             return fn.call(that, a, b, c);
+           };
+         }
+         return function (/* ...args */) {
+           return fn.apply(that, arguments);
+         };
+       };
+
+       var isObject$l = isObject$r;
+       var isArray$5 = isArray$6;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$j = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+
+       var SPECIES$6 = wellKnownSymbol$j('species');
+
+       // `ArraySpeciesCreate` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-arrayspeciescreate
+       var arraySpeciesCreate$3 = function (originalArray, length) {
+         var C;
+         if (isArray$5(originalArray)) {
+           C = originalArray.constructor;
+           // cross-realm fallback
+           if (typeof C == 'function' && (C === Array || isArray$5(C.prototype))) C = undefined;
+           else if (isObject$l(C)) {
+             C = C[SPECIES$6];
+             if (C === null) C = undefined;
+           }
+         } return new (C === undefined ? Array : C)(length === 0 ? 0 : length);
+       };
+
+       var bind$b = functionBindContext;
+       var IndexedObject$3 = indexedObject;
+       var toObject$f = toObject$i;
+       var toLength$o = toLength$q;
+       var arraySpeciesCreate$2 = arraySpeciesCreate$3;
+
+       var push = [].push;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.{ forEach, map, filter, some, every, find, findIndex, filterOut }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod$4 = function (TYPE) {
+         var IS_MAP = TYPE == 1;
+         var IS_FILTER = TYPE == 2;
+         var IS_SOME = TYPE == 3;
+         var IS_EVERY = TYPE == 4;
+         var IS_FIND_INDEX = TYPE == 6;
+         var IS_FILTER_OUT = TYPE == 7;
+         var NO_HOLES = TYPE == 5 || IS_FIND_INDEX;
+         return function ($this, callbackfn, that, specificCreate) {
+           var O = toObject$f($this);
+           var self = IndexedObject$3(O);
+           var boundFunction = bind$b(callbackfn, that, 3);
+           var length = toLength$o(self.length);
+           var index = 0;
+           var create = specificCreate || arraySpeciesCreate$2;
+           var target = IS_MAP ? create($this, length) : IS_FILTER || IS_FILTER_OUT ? create($this, 0) : undefined;
+           var value, result;
+           for (;length > index; index++) if (NO_HOLES || index in self) {
+             value = self[index];
+             result = boundFunction(value, index, O);
+             if (TYPE) {
+               if (IS_MAP) target[index] = result; // map
+               else if (result) switch (TYPE) {
+                 case 3: return true;              // some
+                 case 5: return value;             // find
+                 case 6: return index;             // findIndex
+                 case 2: push.call(target, value); // filter
+               } else switch (TYPE) {
+                 case 4: return false;             // every
+                 case 7: push.call(target, value); // filterOut
+               }
+             }
+           }
+           return IS_FIND_INDEX ? -1 : IS_SOME || IS_EVERY ? IS_EVERY : target;
+         };
+       };
+
+       var arrayIteration = {
+         // `Array.prototype.forEach` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.foreach
+         forEach: createMethod$4(0),
+         // `Array.prototype.map` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.map
+         map: createMethod$4(1),
+         // `Array.prototype.filter` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.filter
+         filter: createMethod$4(2),
+         // `Array.prototype.some` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.some
+         some: createMethod$4(3),
+         // `Array.prototype.every` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.every
+         every: createMethod$4(4),
+         // `Array.prototype.find` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.find
+         find: createMethod$4(5),
+         // `Array.prototype.findIndex` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.findIndex
+         findIndex: createMethod$4(6),
+         // `Array.prototype.filterOut` method
+         // https://github.com/tc39/proposal-array-filtering
+         filterOut: createMethod$4(7)
+       };
+
+       var $$14 = _export;
+       var global$s = global$F;
+       var getBuiltIn$5 = getBuiltIn$9;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$h = descriptors;
+       var NATIVE_SYMBOL = nativeSymbol;
+       var USE_SYMBOL_AS_UID = useSymbolAsUid;
+       var fails$F = fails$N;
+       var has$8 = has$j;
+       var isArray$4 = isArray$6;
+       var isObject$k = isObject$r;
+       var anObject$g = anObject$m;
+       var toObject$e = toObject$i;
+       var toIndexedObject$5 = toIndexedObject$b;
+       var toPrimitive$4 = toPrimitive$7;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$3 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var nativeObjectCreate = objectCreate;
+       var objectKeys$2 = objectKeys$4;
+       var getOwnPropertyNamesModule = objectGetOwnPropertyNames;
+       var getOwnPropertyNamesExternal = objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal;
+       var getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$1 = objectGetOwnPropertySymbols;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var definePropertyModule$3 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var propertyIsEnumerableModule$1 = objectPropertyIsEnumerable;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$6 = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var redefine$b = redefine$g.exports;
+       var shared$1 = shared$5.exports;
+       var sharedKey = sharedKey$4;
+       var hiddenKeys$1 = hiddenKeys$6;
+       var uid$2 = uid$5;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$i = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var wrappedWellKnownSymbolModule = wellKnownSymbolWrapped;
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol$2 = defineWellKnownSymbol$4;
+       var setToStringTag$7 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var InternalStateModule$6 = internalState;
+       var $forEach$2 = arrayIteration.forEach;
+
+       var HIDDEN = sharedKey('hidden');
+       var SYMBOL = 'Symbol';
+       var PROTOTYPE$1 = 'prototype';
+       var TO_PRIMITIVE = wellKnownSymbol$i('toPrimitive');
+       var setInternalState$6 = InternalStateModule$6.set;
+       var getInternalState$4 = InternalStateModule$6.getterFor(SYMBOL);
+       var ObjectPrototype$2 = Object[PROTOTYPE$1];
+       var $Symbol = global$s.Symbol;
+       var $stringify = getBuiltIn$5('JSON', 'stringify');
+       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$2 = getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$2.f;
+       var nativeDefineProperty$1 = definePropertyModule$3.f;
+       var nativeGetOwnPropertyNames = getOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f;
+       var nativePropertyIsEnumerable = propertyIsEnumerableModule$1.f;
+       var AllSymbols = shared$1('symbols');
+       var ObjectPrototypeSymbols = shared$1('op-symbols');
+       var StringToSymbolRegistry = shared$1('string-to-symbol-registry');
+       var SymbolToStringRegistry = shared$1('symbol-to-string-registry');
+       var WellKnownSymbolsStore = shared$1('wks');
+       var QObject = global$s.QObject;
+       // Don't use setters in Qt Script, https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/173
+       var USE_SETTER = !QObject || !QObject[PROTOTYPE$1] || !QObject[PROTOTYPE$1].findChild;
+
+       // fallback for old Android, https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=687
+       var setSymbolDescriptor = DESCRIPTORS$h && fails$F(function () {
+         return nativeObjectCreate(nativeDefineProperty$1({}, 'a', {
+           get: function () { return nativeDefineProperty$1(this, 'a', { value: 7 }).a; }
+         })).a != 7;
+       }) ? function (O, P, Attributes) {
+         var ObjectPrototypeDescriptor = nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(ObjectPrototype$2, P);
+         if (ObjectPrototypeDescriptor) delete ObjectPrototype$2[P];
+         nativeDefineProperty$1(O, P, Attributes);
+         if (ObjectPrototypeDescriptor && O !== ObjectPrototype$2) {
+           nativeDefineProperty$1(ObjectPrototype$2, P, ObjectPrototypeDescriptor);
+         }
+       } : nativeDefineProperty$1;
+
+       var wrap$2 = function (tag, description) {
+         var symbol = AllSymbols[tag] = nativeObjectCreate($Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1]);
+         setInternalState$6(symbol, {
+           type: SYMBOL,
+           tag: tag,
+           description: description
+         });
+         if (!DESCRIPTORS$h) symbol.description = description;
+         return symbol;
+       };
+
+       var isSymbol$1 = USE_SYMBOL_AS_UID ? function (it) {
+         return typeof it == 'symbol';
+       } : function (it) {
+         return Object(it) instanceof $Symbol;
+       };
+
+       var $defineProperty = function defineProperty(O, P, Attributes) {
+         if (O === ObjectPrototype$2) $defineProperty(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, P, Attributes);
+         anObject$g(O);
+         var key = toPrimitive$4(P, true);
+         anObject$g(Attributes);
+         if (has$8(AllSymbols, key)) {
+           if (!Attributes.enumerable) {
+             if (!has$8(O, HIDDEN)) nativeDefineProperty$1(O, HIDDEN, createPropertyDescriptor$3(1, {}));
+             O[HIDDEN][key] = true;
+           } else {
+             if (has$8(O, HIDDEN) && O[HIDDEN][key]) O[HIDDEN][key] = false;
+             Attributes = nativeObjectCreate(Attributes, { enumerable: createPropertyDescriptor$3(0, false) });
+           } return setSymbolDescriptor(O, key, Attributes);
+         } return nativeDefineProperty$1(O, key, Attributes);
+       };
+
+       var $defineProperties = function defineProperties(O, Properties) {
+         anObject$g(O);
+         var properties = toIndexedObject$5(Properties);
+         var keys = objectKeys$2(properties).concat($getOwnPropertySymbols(properties));
+         $forEach$2(keys, function (key) {
+           if (!DESCRIPTORS$h || $propertyIsEnumerable.call(properties, key)) $defineProperty(O, key, properties[key]);
+         });
+         return O;
+       };
+
+       var $create = function create(O, Properties) {
+         return Properties === undefined ? nativeObjectCreate(O) : $defineProperties(nativeObjectCreate(O), Properties);
+       };
+
+       var $propertyIsEnumerable = function propertyIsEnumerable(V) {
+         var P = toPrimitive$4(V, true);
+         var enumerable = nativePropertyIsEnumerable.call(this, P);
+         if (this === ObjectPrototype$2 && has$8(AllSymbols, P) && !has$8(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, P)) return false;
+         return enumerable || !has$8(this, P) || !has$8(AllSymbols, P) || has$8(this, HIDDEN) && this[HIDDEN][P] ? enumerable : true;
+       };
+
+       var $getOwnPropertyDescriptor = function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(O, P) {
+         var it = toIndexedObject$5(O);
+         var key = toPrimitive$4(P, true);
+         if (it === ObjectPrototype$2 && has$8(AllSymbols, key) && !has$8(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, key)) return;
+         var descriptor = nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(it, key);
+         if (descriptor && has$8(AllSymbols, key) && !(has$8(it, HIDDEN) && it[HIDDEN][key])) {
+           descriptor.enumerable = true;
+         }
+         return descriptor;
+       };
+
+       var $getOwnPropertyNames = function getOwnPropertyNames(O) {
+         var names = nativeGetOwnPropertyNames(toIndexedObject$5(O));
+         var result = [];
+         $forEach$2(names, function (key) {
+           if (!has$8(AllSymbols, key) && !has$8(hiddenKeys$1, key)) result.push(key);
+         });
+         return result;
+       };
+
+       var $getOwnPropertySymbols = function getOwnPropertySymbols(O) {
+         var IS_OBJECT_PROTOTYPE = O === ObjectPrototype$2;
+         var names = nativeGetOwnPropertyNames(IS_OBJECT_PROTOTYPE ? ObjectPrototypeSymbols : toIndexedObject$5(O));
+         var result = [];
+         $forEach$2(names, function (key) {
+           if (has$8(AllSymbols, key) && (!IS_OBJECT_PROTOTYPE || has$8(ObjectPrototype$2, key))) {
+             result.push(AllSymbols[key]);
+           }
+         });
+         return result;
+       };
+
+       // `Symbol` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol-constructor
+       if (!NATIVE_SYMBOL) {
+         $Symbol = function Symbol() {
+           if (this instanceof $Symbol) throw TypeError('Symbol is not a constructor');
+           var description = !arguments.length || arguments[0] === undefined ? undefined : String(arguments[0]);
+           var tag = uid$2(description);
+           var setter = function (value) {
+             if (this === ObjectPrototype$2) setter.call(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, value);
+             if (has$8(this, HIDDEN) && has$8(this[HIDDEN], tag)) this[HIDDEN][tag] = false;
+             setSymbolDescriptor(this, tag, createPropertyDescriptor$3(1, value));
+           };
+           if (DESCRIPTORS$h && USE_SETTER) setSymbolDescriptor(ObjectPrototype$2, tag, { configurable: true, set: setter });
+           return wrap$2(tag, description);
+         };
+
+         redefine$b($Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1], 'toString', function toString() {
+           return getInternalState$4(this).tag;
+         });
+
+         redefine$b($Symbol, 'withoutSetter', function (description) {
+           return wrap$2(uid$2(description), description);
+         });
+
+         propertyIsEnumerableModule$1.f = $propertyIsEnumerable;
+         definePropertyModule$3.f = $defineProperty;
+         getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$2.f = $getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+         getOwnPropertyNamesModule.f = getOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f = $getOwnPropertyNames;
+         getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$1.f = $getOwnPropertySymbols;
+
+         wrappedWellKnownSymbolModule.f = function (name) {
+           return wrap$2(wellKnownSymbol$i(name), name);
+         };
+
+         if (DESCRIPTORS$h) {
+           // https://github.com/tc39/proposal-Symbol-description
+           nativeDefineProperty$1($Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1], 'description', {
+             configurable: true,
+             get: function description() {
+               return getInternalState$4(this).description;
+             }
+           });
            {
-             redefine(ObjectPrototype, 'propertyIsEnumerable', $propertyIsEnumerable, { unsafe: true });
+             redefine$b(ObjectPrototype$2, 'propertyIsEnumerable', $propertyIsEnumerable, { unsafe: true });
            }
          }
        }
 
-       _export({ global: true, wrap: true, forced: !nativeSymbol, sham: !nativeSymbol }, {
+       $$14({ global: true, wrap: true, forced: !NATIVE_SYMBOL, sham: !NATIVE_SYMBOL }, {
          Symbol: $Symbol
        });
 
-       $forEach(objectKeys(WellKnownSymbolsStore$1), function (name) {
-         defineWellKnownSymbol(name);
+       $forEach$2(objectKeys$2(WellKnownSymbolsStore), function (name) {
+         defineWellKnownSymbol$2(name);
        });
 
-       _export({ target: SYMBOL, stat: true, forced: !nativeSymbol }, {
+       $$14({ target: SYMBOL, stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_SYMBOL }, {
          // `Symbol.for` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-symbol.for
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.for
          'for': function (key) {
            var string = String(key);
-           if (has(StringToSymbolRegistry, string)) return StringToSymbolRegistry[string];
+           if (has$8(StringToSymbolRegistry, string)) return StringToSymbolRegistry[string];
            var symbol = $Symbol(string);
            StringToSymbolRegistry[string] = symbol;
            SymbolToStringRegistry[symbol] = string;
            return symbol;
          },
          // `Symbol.keyFor` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-symbol.keyfor
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.keyfor
          keyFor: function keyFor(sym) {
-           if (!isSymbol(sym)) throw TypeError(sym + ' is not a symbol');
-           if (has(SymbolToStringRegistry, sym)) return SymbolToStringRegistry[sym];
+           if (!isSymbol$1(sym)) throw TypeError(sym + ' is not a symbol');
+           if (has$8(SymbolToStringRegistry, sym)) return SymbolToStringRegistry[sym];
          },
          useSetter: function () { USE_SETTER = true; },
          useSimple: function () { USE_SETTER = false; }
        });
 
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !nativeSymbol, sham: !descriptors }, {
+       $$14({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_SYMBOL, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$h }, {
          // `Object.create` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.create
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.create
          create: $create,
          // `Object.defineProperty` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperty
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperty
          defineProperty: $defineProperty,
          // `Object.defineProperties` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperties
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperties
          defineProperties: $defineProperties,
          // `Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptors
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptors
          getOwnPropertyDescriptor: $getOwnPropertyDescriptor
        });
 
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !nativeSymbol }, {
+       $$14({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_SYMBOL }, {
          // `Object.getOwnPropertyNames` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertynames
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertynames
          getOwnPropertyNames: $getOwnPropertyNames,
          // `Object.getOwnPropertySymbols` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertysymbols
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertysymbols
          getOwnPropertySymbols: $getOwnPropertySymbols
        });
 
        // Chrome 38 and 39 `Object.getOwnPropertySymbols` fails on primitives
        // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=3443
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: fails(function () { objectGetOwnPropertySymbols.f(1); }) }, {
+       $$14({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: fails$F(function () { getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$1.f(1); }) }, {
          getOwnPropertySymbols: function getOwnPropertySymbols(it) {
-           return objectGetOwnPropertySymbols.f(toObject(it));
+           return getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$1.f(toObject$e(it));
          }
        });
 
        // `JSON.stringify` method behavior with symbols
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-json.stringify
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-json.stringify
        if ($stringify) {
-         var FORCED_JSON_STRINGIFY = !nativeSymbol || fails(function () {
+         var FORCED_JSON_STRINGIFY = !NATIVE_SYMBOL || fails$F(function () {
            var symbol = $Symbol();
            // MS Edge converts symbol values to JSON as {}
            return $stringify([symbol]) != '[null]'
              || $stringify(Object(symbol)) != '{}';
          });
 
-         _export({ target: 'JSON', stat: true, forced: FORCED_JSON_STRINGIFY }, {
-           // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
+         $$14({ target: 'JSON', stat: true, forced: FORCED_JSON_STRINGIFY }, {
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
            stringify: function stringify(it, replacer, space) {
              var args = [it];
              var index = 1;
              var $replacer;
              while (arguments.length > index) args.push(arguments[index++]);
              $replacer = replacer;
-             if (!isObject(replacer) && it === undefined || isSymbol(it)) return; // IE8 returns string on undefined
-             if (!isArray(replacer)) replacer = function (key, value) {
+             if (!isObject$k(replacer) && it === undefined || isSymbol$1(it)) return; // IE8 returns string on undefined
+             if (!isArray$4(replacer)) replacer = function (key, value) {
                if (typeof $replacer == 'function') value = $replacer.call(this, key, value);
-               if (!isSymbol(value)) return value;
+               if (!isSymbol$1(value)) return value;
              };
              args[1] = replacer;
              return $stringify.apply(null, args);
        }
 
        // `Symbol.prototype[@@toPrimitive]` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-symbol.prototype-@@toprimitive
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.prototype-@@toprimitive
        if (!$Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1][TO_PRIMITIVE]) {
-         createNonEnumerableProperty($Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1], TO_PRIMITIVE, $Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1].valueOf);
+         createNonEnumerableProperty$6($Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1], TO_PRIMITIVE, $Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1].valueOf);
        }
        // `Symbol.prototype[@@toStringTag]` property
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-symbol.prototype-@@tostringtag
-       setToStringTag($Symbol, SYMBOL);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.prototype-@@tostringtag
+       setToStringTag$7($Symbol, SYMBOL);
 
-       hiddenKeys[HIDDEN] = true;
-
-       var defineProperty$2 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       hiddenKeys$1[HIDDEN] = true;
 
+       var $$13 = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$g = descriptors;
+       var global$r = global$F;
+       var has$7 = has$j;
+       var isObject$j = isObject$r;
+       var defineProperty$8 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var copyConstructorProperties = copyConstructorProperties$2;
 
-       var NativeSymbol = global_1.Symbol;
+       var NativeSymbol = global$r.Symbol;
 
-       if (descriptors && typeof NativeSymbol == 'function' && (!('description' in NativeSymbol.prototype) ||
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$g && typeof NativeSymbol == 'function' && (!('description' in NativeSymbol.prototype) ||
          // Safari 12 bug
          NativeSymbol().description !== undefined
        )) {
          var symbolToString = symbolPrototype.toString;
          var native = String(NativeSymbol('test')) == 'Symbol(test)';
          var regexp = /^Symbol\((.*)\)[^)]+$/;
-         defineProperty$2(symbolPrototype, 'description', {
+         defineProperty$8(symbolPrototype, 'description', {
            configurable: true,
            get: function description() {
-             var symbol = isObject(this) ? this.valueOf() : this;
+             var symbol = isObject$j(this) ? this.valueOf() : this;
              var string = symbolToString.call(symbol);
-             if (has(EmptyStringDescriptionStore, symbol)) return '';
+             if (has$7(EmptyStringDescriptionStore, symbol)) return '';
              var desc = native ? string.slice(7, -1) : string.replace(regexp, '$1');
              return desc === '' ? undefined : desc;
            }
          });
 
-         _export({ global: true, forced: true }, {
+         $$13({ global: true, forced: true }, {
            Symbol: SymbolWrapper
          });
        }
 
-       // `Symbol.iterator` well-known symbol
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-symbol.iterator
-       defineWellKnownSymbol('iterator');
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-typed-arrays -- safe
+       var arrayBufferNative = typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && typeof DataView !== 'undefined';
 
-       var arrayMethodIsStrict = function (METHOD_NAME, argument) {
-         var method = [][METHOD_NAME];
-         return !!method && fails(function () {
-           // eslint-disable-next-line no-useless-call,no-throw-literal
-           method.call(null, argument || function () { throw 1; }, 1);
-         });
+       var redefine$a = redefine$g.exports;
+
+       var redefineAll$4 = function (target, src, options) {
+         for (var key in src) redefine$a(target, key, src[key], options);
+         return target;
        };
 
-       var defineProperty$3 = Object.defineProperty;
-       var cache = {};
+       var anInstance$7 = function (it, Constructor, name) {
+         if (!(it instanceof Constructor)) {
+           throw TypeError('Incorrect ' + (name ? name + ' ' : '') + 'invocation');
+         } return it;
+       };
 
-       var thrower = function (it) { throw it; };
+       var toInteger$7 = toInteger$b;
+       var toLength$n = toLength$q;
 
-       var arrayMethodUsesToLength = function (METHOD_NAME, options) {
-         if (has(cache, METHOD_NAME)) return cache[METHOD_NAME];
-         if (!options) options = {};
-         var method = [][METHOD_NAME];
-         var ACCESSORS = has(options, 'ACCESSORS') ? options.ACCESSORS : false;
-         var argument0 = has(options, 0) ? options[0] : thrower;
-         var argument1 = has(options, 1) ? options[1] : undefined;
+       // `ToIndex` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-toindex
+       var toIndex$2 = function (it) {
+         if (it === undefined) return 0;
+         var number = toInteger$7(it);
+         var length = toLength$n(number);
+         if (number !== length) throw RangeError('Wrong length or index');
+         return length;
+       };
 
-         return cache[METHOD_NAME] = !!method && !fails(function () {
-           if (ACCESSORS && !descriptors) return true;
-           var O = { length: -1 };
+       // IEEE754 conversions based on https://github.com/feross/ieee754
+       var abs$4 = Math.abs;
+       var pow$2 = Math.pow;
+       var floor$6 = Math.floor;
+       var log$2 = Math.log;
+       var LN2 = Math.LN2;
 
-           if (ACCESSORS) defineProperty$3(O, 1, { enumerable: true, get: thrower });
-           else O[1] = 1;
+       var pack = function (number, mantissaLength, bytes) {
+         var buffer = new Array(bytes);
+         var exponentLength = bytes * 8 - mantissaLength - 1;
+         var eMax = (1 << exponentLength) - 1;
+         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
+         var rt = mantissaLength === 23 ? pow$2(2, -24) - pow$2(2, -77) : 0;
+         var sign = number < 0 || number === 0 && 1 / number < 0 ? 1 : 0;
+         var index = 0;
+         var exponent, mantissa, c;
+         number = abs$4(number);
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+         if (number != number || number === Infinity) {
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           mantissa = number != number ? 1 : 0;
+           exponent = eMax;
+         } else {
+           exponent = floor$6(log$2(number) / LN2);
+           if (number * (c = pow$2(2, -exponent)) < 1) {
+             exponent--;
+             c *= 2;
+           }
+           if (exponent + eBias >= 1) {
+             number += rt / c;
+           } else {
+             number += rt * pow$2(2, 1 - eBias);
+           }
+           if (number * c >= 2) {
+             exponent++;
+             c /= 2;
+           }
+           if (exponent + eBias >= eMax) {
+             mantissa = 0;
+             exponent = eMax;
+           } else if (exponent + eBias >= 1) {
+             mantissa = (number * c - 1) * pow$2(2, mantissaLength);
+             exponent = exponent + eBias;
+           } else {
+             mantissa = number * pow$2(2, eBias - 1) * pow$2(2, mantissaLength);
+             exponent = 0;
+           }
+         }
+         for (; mantissaLength >= 8; buffer[index++] = mantissa & 255, mantissa /= 256, mantissaLength -= 8);
+         exponent = exponent << mantissaLength | mantissa;
+         exponentLength += mantissaLength;
+         for (; exponentLength > 0; buffer[index++] = exponent & 255, exponent /= 256, exponentLength -= 8);
+         buffer[--index] |= sign * 128;
+         return buffer;
+       };
 
-           method.call(O, argument0, argument1);
-         });
+       var unpack = function (buffer, mantissaLength) {
+         var bytes = buffer.length;
+         var exponentLength = bytes * 8 - mantissaLength - 1;
+         var eMax = (1 << exponentLength) - 1;
+         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
+         var nBits = exponentLength - 7;
+         var index = bytes - 1;
+         var sign = buffer[index--];
+         var exponent = sign & 127;
+         var mantissa;
+         sign >>= 7;
+         for (; nBits > 0; exponent = exponent * 256 + buffer[index], index--, nBits -= 8);
+         mantissa = exponent & (1 << -nBits) - 1;
+         exponent >>= -nBits;
+         nBits += mantissaLength;
+         for (; nBits > 0; mantissa = mantissa * 256 + buffer[index], index--, nBits -= 8);
+         if (exponent === 0) {
+           exponent = 1 - eBias;
+         } else if (exponent === eMax) {
+           return mantissa ? NaN : sign ? -Infinity : Infinity;
+         } else {
+           mantissa = mantissa + pow$2(2, mantissaLength);
+           exponent = exponent - eBias;
+         } return (sign ? -1 : 1) * mantissa * pow$2(2, exponent - mantissaLength);
        };
 
-       var $forEach$1 = arrayIteration.forEach;
+       var ieee754$2 = {
+         pack: pack,
+         unpack: unpack
+       };
 
+       var toObject$d = toObject$i;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$6 = toAbsoluteIndex$8;
+       var toLength$m = toLength$q;
 
+       // `Array.prototype.fill` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.fill
+       var arrayFill$1 = function fill(value /* , start = 0, end = @length */) {
+         var O = toObject$d(this);
+         var length = toLength$m(O.length);
+         var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
+         var index = toAbsoluteIndex$6(argumentsLength > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, length);
+         var end = argumentsLength > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined;
+         var endPos = end === undefined ? length : toAbsoluteIndex$6(end, length);
+         while (endPos > index) O[index++] = value;
+         return O;
+       };
 
-       var STRICT_METHOD = arrayMethodIsStrict('forEach');
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH = arrayMethodUsesToLength('forEach');
+       var global$q = global$F;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$f = descriptors;
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER$2 = arrayBufferNative;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$5 = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var redefineAll$3 = redefineAll$4;
+       var fails$E = fails$N;
+       var anInstance$6 = anInstance$7;
+       var toInteger$6 = toInteger$b;
+       var toLength$l = toLength$q;
+       var toIndex$1 = toIndex$2;
+       var IEEE754 = ieee754$2;
+       var getPrototypeOf$2 = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var setPrototypeOf$5 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var getOwnPropertyNames$4 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+       var defineProperty$7 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var arrayFill = arrayFill$1;
+       var setToStringTag$6 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var InternalStateModule$5 = internalState;
+
+       var getInternalState$3 = InternalStateModule$5.get;
+       var setInternalState$5 = InternalStateModule$5.set;
+       var ARRAY_BUFFER$1 = 'ArrayBuffer';
+       var DATA_VIEW = 'DataView';
+       var PROTOTYPE = 'prototype';
+       var WRONG_LENGTH$1 = 'Wrong length';
+       var WRONG_INDEX = 'Wrong index';
+       var NativeArrayBuffer$1 = global$q[ARRAY_BUFFER$1];
+       var $ArrayBuffer = NativeArrayBuffer$1;
+       var $DataView = global$q[DATA_VIEW];
+       var $DataViewPrototype = $DataView && $DataView[PROTOTYPE];
+       var ObjectPrototype$1 = Object.prototype;
+       var RangeError$2 = global$q.RangeError;
 
-       // `Array.prototype.forEach` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.foreach
-       var arrayForEach = (!STRICT_METHOD || !USES_TO_LENGTH) ? function forEach(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
-         return $forEach$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-       } : [].forEach;
+       var packIEEE754 = IEEE754.pack;
+       var unpackIEEE754 = IEEE754.unpack;
 
-       // `Array.prototype.forEach` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.foreach
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: [].forEach != arrayForEach }, {
-         forEach: arrayForEach
-       });
+       var packInt8 = function (number) {
+         return [number & 0xFF];
+       };
 
-       var $indexOf = arrayIncludes.indexOf;
+       var packInt16 = function (number) {
+         return [number & 0xFF, number >> 8 & 0xFF];
+       };
 
+       var packInt32 = function (number) {
+         return [number & 0xFF, number >> 8 & 0xFF, number >> 16 & 0xFF, number >> 24 & 0xFF];
+       };
 
+       var unpackInt32 = function (buffer) {
+         return buffer[3] << 24 | buffer[2] << 16 | buffer[1] << 8 | buffer[0];
+       };
 
-       var nativeIndexOf = [].indexOf;
+       var packFloat32 = function (number) {
+         return packIEEE754(number, 23, 4);
+       };
 
-       var NEGATIVE_ZERO = !!nativeIndexOf && 1 / [1].indexOf(1, -0) < 0;
-       var STRICT_METHOD$1 = arrayMethodIsStrict('indexOf');
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$1 = arrayMethodUsesToLength('indexOf', { ACCESSORS: true, 1: 0 });
+       var packFloat64 = function (number) {
+         return packIEEE754(number, 52, 8);
+       };
 
-       // `Array.prototype.indexOf` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.indexof
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: NEGATIVE_ZERO || !STRICT_METHOD$1 || !USES_TO_LENGTH$1 }, {
-         indexOf: function indexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex = 0 */) {
-           return NEGATIVE_ZERO
-             // convert -0 to +0
-             ? nativeIndexOf.apply(this, arguments) || 0
-             : $indexOf(this, searchElement, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-         }
-       });
-
-       // `Array.isArray` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.isarray
-       _export({ target: 'Array', stat: true }, {
-         isArray: isArray
-       });
-
-       var UNSCOPABLES = wellKnownSymbol('unscopables');
-       var ArrayPrototype = Array.prototype;
-
-       // Array.prototype[@@unscopables]
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
-       if (ArrayPrototype[UNSCOPABLES] == undefined) {
-         objectDefineProperty.f(ArrayPrototype, UNSCOPABLES, {
-           configurable: true,
-           value: objectCreate(null)
-         });
-       }
-
-       // add a key to Array.prototype[@@unscopables]
-       var addToUnscopables = function (key) {
-         ArrayPrototype[UNSCOPABLES][key] = true;
-       };
-
-       var iterators = {};
-
-       var correctPrototypeGetter = !fails(function () {
-         function F() { /* empty */ }
-         F.prototype.constructor = null;
-         return Object.getPrototypeOf(new F()) !== F.prototype;
-       });
-
-       var IE_PROTO$1 = sharedKey('IE_PROTO');
-       var ObjectPrototype$1 = Object.prototype;
-
-       // `Object.getPrototypeOf` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.getprototypeof
-       var objectGetPrototypeOf = correctPrototypeGetter ? Object.getPrototypeOf : function (O) {
-         O = toObject(O);
-         if (has(O, IE_PROTO$1)) return O[IE_PROTO$1];
-         if (typeof O.constructor == 'function' && O instanceof O.constructor) {
-           return O.constructor.prototype;
-         } return O instanceof Object ? ObjectPrototype$1 : null;
-       };
-
-       var ITERATOR = wellKnownSymbol('iterator');
-       var BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS = false;
-
-       var returnThis = function () { return this; };
-
-       // `%IteratorPrototype%` object
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%iteratorprototype%-object
-       var IteratorPrototype, PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype, arrayIterator;
-
-       if ([].keys) {
-         arrayIterator = [].keys();
-         // Safari 8 has buggy iterators w/o `next`
-         if (!('next' in arrayIterator)) BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS = true;
-         else {
-           PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype = objectGetPrototypeOf(objectGetPrototypeOf(arrayIterator));
-           if (PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype !== Object.prototype) IteratorPrototype = PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype;
-         }
-       }
-
-       if (IteratorPrototype == undefined) IteratorPrototype = {};
-
-       // 25.1.2.1.1 %IteratorPrototype%[@@iterator]()
-       if ( !has(IteratorPrototype, ITERATOR)) {
-         createNonEnumerableProperty(IteratorPrototype, ITERATOR, returnThis);
-       }
-
-       var iteratorsCore = {
-         IteratorPrototype: IteratorPrototype,
-         BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS: BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS
-       };
-
-       var IteratorPrototype$1 = iteratorsCore.IteratorPrototype;
-
-
-
-
-
-       var returnThis$1 = function () { return this; };
-
-       var createIteratorConstructor = function (IteratorConstructor, NAME, next) {
-         var TO_STRING_TAG = NAME + ' Iterator';
-         IteratorConstructor.prototype = objectCreate(IteratorPrototype$1, { next: createPropertyDescriptor(1, next) });
-         setToStringTag(IteratorConstructor, TO_STRING_TAG, false);
-         iterators[TO_STRING_TAG] = returnThis$1;
-         return IteratorConstructor;
-       };
-
-       var aPossiblePrototype = function (it) {
-         if (!isObject(it) && it !== null) {
-           throw TypeError("Can't set " + String(it) + ' as a prototype');
-         } return it;
-       };
-
-       // `Object.setPrototypeOf` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.setprototypeof
-       // Works with __proto__ only. Old v8 can't work with null proto objects.
-       /* eslint-disable no-proto */
-       var objectSetPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf || ('__proto__' in {} ? function () {
-         var CORRECT_SETTER = false;
-         var test = {};
-         var setter;
-         try {
-           setter = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Object.prototype, '__proto__').set;
-           setter.call(test, []);
-           CORRECT_SETTER = test instanceof Array;
-         } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
-         return function setPrototypeOf(O, proto) {
-           anObject(O);
-           aPossiblePrototype(proto);
-           if (CORRECT_SETTER) setter.call(O, proto);
-           else O.__proto__ = proto;
-           return O;
-         };
-       }() : undefined);
-
-       var IteratorPrototype$2 = iteratorsCore.IteratorPrototype;
-       var BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1 = iteratorsCore.BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS;
-       var ITERATOR$1 = wellKnownSymbol('iterator');
-       var KEYS = 'keys';
-       var VALUES = 'values';
-       var ENTRIES = 'entries';
-
-       var returnThis$2 = function () { return this; };
-
-       var defineIterator = function (Iterable, NAME, IteratorConstructor, next, DEFAULT, IS_SET, FORCED) {
-         createIteratorConstructor(IteratorConstructor, NAME, next);
-
-         var getIterationMethod = function (KIND) {
-           if (KIND === DEFAULT && defaultIterator) return defaultIterator;
-           if (!BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1 && KIND in IterablePrototype) return IterablePrototype[KIND];
-           switch (KIND) {
-             case KEYS: return function keys() { return new IteratorConstructor(this, KIND); };
-             case VALUES: return function values() { return new IteratorConstructor(this, KIND); };
-             case ENTRIES: return function entries() { return new IteratorConstructor(this, KIND); };
-           } return function () { return new IteratorConstructor(this); };
-         };
-
-         var TO_STRING_TAG = NAME + ' Iterator';
-         var INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME = false;
-         var IterablePrototype = Iterable.prototype;
-         var nativeIterator = IterablePrototype[ITERATOR$1]
-           || IterablePrototype['@@iterator']
-           || DEFAULT && IterablePrototype[DEFAULT];
-         var defaultIterator = !BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1 && nativeIterator || getIterationMethod(DEFAULT);
-         var anyNativeIterator = NAME == 'Array' ? IterablePrototype.entries || nativeIterator : nativeIterator;
-         var CurrentIteratorPrototype, methods, KEY;
-
-         // fix native
-         if (anyNativeIterator) {
-           CurrentIteratorPrototype = objectGetPrototypeOf(anyNativeIterator.call(new Iterable()));
-           if (IteratorPrototype$2 !== Object.prototype && CurrentIteratorPrototype.next) {
-             if ( objectGetPrototypeOf(CurrentIteratorPrototype) !== IteratorPrototype$2) {
-               if (objectSetPrototypeOf) {
-                 objectSetPrototypeOf(CurrentIteratorPrototype, IteratorPrototype$2);
-               } else if (typeof CurrentIteratorPrototype[ITERATOR$1] != 'function') {
-                 createNonEnumerableProperty(CurrentIteratorPrototype, ITERATOR$1, returnThis$2);
-               }
-             }
-             // Set @@toStringTag to native iterators
-             setToStringTag(CurrentIteratorPrototype, TO_STRING_TAG, true);
-           }
-         }
-
-         // fix Array#{values, @@iterator}.name in V8 / FF
-         if (DEFAULT == VALUES && nativeIterator && nativeIterator.name !== VALUES) {
-           INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME = true;
-           defaultIterator = function values() { return nativeIterator.call(this); };
-         }
-
-         // define iterator
-         if ( IterablePrototype[ITERATOR$1] !== defaultIterator) {
-           createNonEnumerableProperty(IterablePrototype, ITERATOR$1, defaultIterator);
-         }
-         iterators[NAME] = defaultIterator;
-
-         // export additional methods
-         if (DEFAULT) {
-           methods = {
-             values: getIterationMethod(VALUES),
-             keys: IS_SET ? defaultIterator : getIterationMethod(KEYS),
-             entries: getIterationMethod(ENTRIES)
-           };
-           if (FORCED) for (KEY in methods) {
-             if (BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1 || INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME || !(KEY in IterablePrototype)) {
-               redefine(IterablePrototype, KEY, methods[KEY]);
-             }
-           } else _export({ target: NAME, proto: true, forced: BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1 || INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME }, methods);
-         }
-
-         return methods;
-       };
-
-       var ARRAY_ITERATOR = 'Array Iterator';
-       var setInternalState$1 = internalState.set;
-       var getInternalState$1 = internalState.getterFor(ARRAY_ITERATOR);
-
-       // `Array.prototype.entries` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.entries
-       // `Array.prototype.keys` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.keys
-       // `Array.prototype.values` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.values
-       // `Array.prototype[@@iterator]` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@iterator
-       // `CreateArrayIterator` internal method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-createarrayiterator
-       var es_array_iterator = defineIterator(Array, 'Array', function (iterated, kind) {
-         setInternalState$1(this, {
-           type: ARRAY_ITERATOR,
-           target: toIndexedObject(iterated), // target
-           index: 0,                          // next index
-           kind: kind                         // kind
-         });
-       // `%ArrayIteratorPrototype%.next` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%arrayiteratorprototype%.next
-       }, function () {
-         var state = getInternalState$1(this);
-         var target = state.target;
-         var kind = state.kind;
-         var index = state.index++;
-         if (!target || index >= target.length) {
-           state.target = undefined;
-           return { value: undefined, done: true };
-         }
-         if (kind == 'keys') return { value: index, done: false };
-         if (kind == 'values') return { value: target[index], done: false };
-         return { value: [index, target[index]], done: false };
-       }, 'values');
-
-       // argumentsList[@@iterator] is %ArrayProto_values%
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-createunmappedargumentsobject
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-createmappedargumentsobject
-       iterators.Arguments = iterators.Array;
-
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
-       addToUnscopables('keys');
-       addToUnscopables('values');
-       addToUnscopables('entries');
-
-       var nativeJoin = [].join;
-
-       var ES3_STRINGS = indexedObject != Object;
-       var STRICT_METHOD$2 = arrayMethodIsStrict('join', ',');
-
-       // `Array.prototype.join` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.join
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: ES3_STRINGS || !STRICT_METHOD$2 }, {
-         join: function join(separator) {
-           return nativeJoin.call(toIndexedObject(this), separator === undefined ? ',' : separator);
-         }
-       });
-
-       var engineUserAgent = getBuiltIn('navigator', 'userAgent') || '';
-
-       var process$1 = global_1.process;
-       var versions = process$1 && process$1.versions;
-       var v8 = versions && versions.v8;
-       var match, version;
-
-       if (v8) {
-         match = v8.split('.');
-         version = match[0] + match[1];
-       } else if (engineUserAgent) {
-         match = engineUserAgent.match(/Edge\/(\d+)/);
-         if (!match || match[1] >= 74) {
-           match = engineUserAgent.match(/Chrome\/(\d+)/);
-           if (match) version = match[1];
-         }
-       }
-
-       var engineV8Version = version && +version;
-
-       var SPECIES$1 = wellKnownSymbol('species');
-
-       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport = function (METHOD_NAME) {
-         // We can't use this feature detection in V8 since it causes
-         // deoptimization and serious performance degradation
-         // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/677
-         return engineV8Version >= 51 || !fails(function () {
-           var array = [];
-           var constructor = array.constructor = {};
-           constructor[SPECIES$1] = function () {
-             return { foo: 1 };
-           };
-           return array[METHOD_NAME](Boolean).foo !== 1;
-         });
-       };
-
-       var $map = arrayIteration.map;
-
-
-
-       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport('map');
-       // FF49- issue
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$2 = arrayMethodUsesToLength('map');
-
-       // `Array.prototype.map` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.map
-       // with adding support of @@species
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT || !USES_TO_LENGTH$2 }, {
-         map: function map(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
-           return $map(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-         }
-       });
-
-       var createProperty = function (object, key, value) {
-         var propertyKey = toPrimitive(key);
-         if (propertyKey in object) objectDefineProperty.f(object, propertyKey, createPropertyDescriptor(0, value));
-         else object[propertyKey] = value;
-       };
-
-       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$1 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport('slice');
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$3 = arrayMethodUsesToLength('slice', { ACCESSORS: true, 0: 0, 1: 2 });
-
-       var SPECIES$2 = wellKnownSymbol('species');
-       var nativeSlice = [].slice;
-       var max$1 = Math.max;
-
-       // `Array.prototype.slice` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.slice
-       // fallback for not array-like ES3 strings and DOM objects
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$1 || !USES_TO_LENGTH$3 }, {
-         slice: function slice(start, end) {
-           var O = toIndexedObject(this);
-           var length = toLength(O.length);
-           var k = toAbsoluteIndex(start, length);
-           var fin = toAbsoluteIndex(end === undefined ? length : end, length);
-           // inline `ArraySpeciesCreate` for usage native `Array#slice` where it's possible
-           var Constructor, result, n;
-           if (isArray(O)) {
-             Constructor = O.constructor;
-             // cross-realm fallback
-             if (typeof Constructor == 'function' && (Constructor === Array || isArray(Constructor.prototype))) {
-               Constructor = undefined;
-             } else if (isObject(Constructor)) {
-               Constructor = Constructor[SPECIES$2];
-               if (Constructor === null) Constructor = undefined;
-             }
-             if (Constructor === Array || Constructor === undefined) {
-               return nativeSlice.call(O, k, fin);
-             }
-           }
-           result = new (Constructor === undefined ? Array : Constructor)(max$1(fin - k, 0));
-           for (n = 0; k < fin; k++, n++) if (k in O) createProperty(result, n, O[k]);
-           result.length = n;
-           return result;
-         }
-       });
-
-       var arrayBufferNative = typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && typeof DataView !== 'undefined';
-
-       var redefineAll = function (target, src, options) {
-         for (var key in src) redefine(target, key, src[key], options);
-         return target;
-       };
-
-       var anInstance = function (it, Constructor, name) {
-         if (!(it instanceof Constructor)) {
-           throw TypeError('Incorrect ' + (name ? name + ' ' : '') + 'invocation');
-         } return it;
-       };
-
-       // `ToIndex` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-toindex
-       var toIndex = function (it) {
-         if (it === undefined) return 0;
-         var number = toInteger(it);
-         var length = toLength(number);
-         if (number !== length) throw RangeError('Wrong length or index');
-         return length;
-       };
-
-       // IEEE754 conversions based on https://github.com/feross/ieee754
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-shadow-restricted-names
-       var Infinity$1 = 1 / 0;
-       var abs = Math.abs;
-       var pow = Math.pow;
-       var floor$1 = Math.floor;
-       var log = Math.log;
-       var LN2 = Math.LN2;
-
-       var pack = function (number, mantissaLength, bytes) {
-         var buffer = new Array(bytes);
-         var exponentLength = bytes * 8 - mantissaLength - 1;
-         var eMax = (1 << exponentLength) - 1;
-         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
-         var rt = mantissaLength === 23 ? pow(2, -24) - pow(2, -77) : 0;
-         var sign = number < 0 || number === 0 && 1 / number < 0 ? 1 : 0;
-         var index = 0;
-         var exponent, mantissa, c;
-         number = abs(number);
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
-         if (number != number || number === Infinity$1) {
-           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
-           mantissa = number != number ? 1 : 0;
-           exponent = eMax;
-         } else {
-           exponent = floor$1(log(number) / LN2);
-           if (number * (c = pow(2, -exponent)) < 1) {
-             exponent--;
-             c *= 2;
-           }
-           if (exponent + eBias >= 1) {
-             number += rt / c;
-           } else {
-             number += rt * pow(2, 1 - eBias);
-           }
-           if (number * c >= 2) {
-             exponent++;
-             c /= 2;
-           }
-           if (exponent + eBias >= eMax) {
-             mantissa = 0;
-             exponent = eMax;
-           } else if (exponent + eBias >= 1) {
-             mantissa = (number * c - 1) * pow(2, mantissaLength);
-             exponent = exponent + eBias;
-           } else {
-             mantissa = number * pow(2, eBias - 1) * pow(2, mantissaLength);
-             exponent = 0;
-           }
-         }
-         for (; mantissaLength >= 8; buffer[index++] = mantissa & 255, mantissa /= 256, mantissaLength -= 8);
-         exponent = exponent << mantissaLength | mantissa;
-         exponentLength += mantissaLength;
-         for (; exponentLength > 0; buffer[index++] = exponent & 255, exponent /= 256, exponentLength -= 8);
-         buffer[--index] |= sign * 128;
-         return buffer;
-       };
-
-       var unpack = function (buffer, mantissaLength) {
-         var bytes = buffer.length;
-         var exponentLength = bytes * 8 - mantissaLength - 1;
-         var eMax = (1 << exponentLength) - 1;
-         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
-         var nBits = exponentLength - 7;
-         var index = bytes - 1;
-         var sign = buffer[index--];
-         var exponent = sign & 127;
-         var mantissa;
-         sign >>= 7;
-         for (; nBits > 0; exponent = exponent * 256 + buffer[index], index--, nBits -= 8);
-         mantissa = exponent & (1 << -nBits) - 1;
-         exponent >>= -nBits;
-         nBits += mantissaLength;
-         for (; nBits > 0; mantissa = mantissa * 256 + buffer[index], index--, nBits -= 8);
-         if (exponent === 0) {
-           exponent = 1 - eBias;
-         } else if (exponent === eMax) {
-           return mantissa ? NaN : sign ? -Infinity$1 : Infinity$1;
-         } else {
-           mantissa = mantissa + pow(2, mantissaLength);
-           exponent = exponent - eBias;
-         } return (sign ? -1 : 1) * mantissa * pow(2, exponent - mantissaLength);
-       };
-
-       var ieee754 = {
-         pack: pack,
-         unpack: unpack
-       };
-
-       // `Array.prototype.fill` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.fill
-       var arrayFill = function fill(value /* , start = 0, end = @length */) {
-         var O = toObject(this);
-         var length = toLength(O.length);
-         var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
-         var index = toAbsoluteIndex(argumentsLength > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, length);
-         var end = argumentsLength > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined;
-         var endPos = end === undefined ? length : toAbsoluteIndex(end, length);
-         while (endPos > index) O[index++] = value;
-         return O;
-       };
-
-       var getOwnPropertyNames = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
-       var defineProperty$4 = objectDefineProperty.f;
-
-
-
-
-       var getInternalState$2 = internalState.get;
-       var setInternalState$2 = internalState.set;
-       var ARRAY_BUFFER = 'ArrayBuffer';
-       var DATA_VIEW = 'DataView';
-       var PROTOTYPE$2 = 'prototype';
-       var WRONG_LENGTH = 'Wrong length';
-       var WRONG_INDEX = 'Wrong index';
-       var NativeArrayBuffer = global_1[ARRAY_BUFFER];
-       var $ArrayBuffer = NativeArrayBuffer;
-       var $DataView = global_1[DATA_VIEW];
-       var $DataViewPrototype = $DataView && $DataView[PROTOTYPE$2];
-       var ObjectPrototype$2 = Object.prototype;
-       var RangeError$1 = global_1.RangeError;
-
-       var packIEEE754 = ieee754.pack;
-       var unpackIEEE754 = ieee754.unpack;
-
-       var packInt8 = function (number) {
-         return [number & 0xFF];
-       };
-
-       var packInt16 = function (number) {
-         return [number & 0xFF, number >> 8 & 0xFF];
-       };
-
-       var packInt32 = function (number) {
-         return [number & 0xFF, number >> 8 & 0xFF, number >> 16 & 0xFF, number >> 24 & 0xFF];
-       };
-
-       var unpackInt32 = function (buffer) {
-         return buffer[3] << 24 | buffer[2] << 16 | buffer[1] << 8 | buffer[0];
-       };
-
-       var packFloat32 = function (number) {
-         return packIEEE754(number, 23, 4);
-       };
-
-       var packFloat64 = function (number) {
-         return packIEEE754(number, 52, 8);
-       };
-
-       var addGetter = function (Constructor, key) {
-         defineProperty$4(Constructor[PROTOTYPE$2], key, { get: function () { return getInternalState$2(this)[key]; } });
+       var addGetter$1 = function (Constructor, key) {
+         defineProperty$7(Constructor[PROTOTYPE], key, { get: function () { return getInternalState$3(this)[key]; } });
        };
 
-       var get$1 = function (view, count, index, isLittleEndian) {
-         var intIndex = toIndex(index);
-         var store = getInternalState$2(view);
-         if (intIndex + count > store.byteLength) throw RangeError$1(WRONG_INDEX);
-         var bytes = getInternalState$2(store.buffer).bytes;
+       var get$4 = function (view, count, index, isLittleEndian) {
+         var intIndex = toIndex$1(index);
+         var store = getInternalState$3(view);
+         if (intIndex + count > store.byteLength) throw RangeError$2(WRONG_INDEX);
+         var bytes = getInternalState$3(store.buffer).bytes;
          var start = intIndex + store.byteOffset;
          var pack = bytes.slice(start, start + count);
          return isLittleEndian ? pack : pack.reverse();
        };
 
-       var set$1 = function (view, count, index, conversion, value, isLittleEndian) {
-         var intIndex = toIndex(index);
-         var store = getInternalState$2(view);
-         if (intIndex + count > store.byteLength) throw RangeError$1(WRONG_INDEX);
-         var bytes = getInternalState$2(store.buffer).bytes;
+       var set$3 = function (view, count, index, conversion, value, isLittleEndian) {
+         var intIndex = toIndex$1(index);
+         var store = getInternalState$3(view);
+         if (intIndex + count > store.byteLength) throw RangeError$2(WRONG_INDEX);
+         var bytes = getInternalState$3(store.buffer).bytes;
          var start = intIndex + store.byteOffset;
          var pack = conversion(+value);
          for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) bytes[start + i] = pack[isLittleEndian ? i : count - i - 1];
        };
 
-       if (!arrayBufferNative) {
+       if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER$2) {
          $ArrayBuffer = function ArrayBuffer(length) {
-           anInstance(this, $ArrayBuffer, ARRAY_BUFFER);
-           var byteLength = toIndex(length);
-           setInternalState$2(this, {
+           anInstance$6(this, $ArrayBuffer, ARRAY_BUFFER$1);
+           var byteLength = toIndex$1(length);
+           setInternalState$5(this, {
              bytes: arrayFill.call(new Array(byteLength), 0),
              byteLength: byteLength
            });
-           if (!descriptors) this.byteLength = byteLength;
+           if (!DESCRIPTORS$f) this.byteLength = byteLength;
          };
 
          $DataView = function DataView(buffer, byteOffset, byteLength) {
-           anInstance(this, $DataView, DATA_VIEW);
-           anInstance(buffer, $ArrayBuffer, DATA_VIEW);
-           var bufferLength = getInternalState$2(buffer).byteLength;
-           var offset = toInteger(byteOffset);
-           if (offset < 0 || offset > bufferLength) throw RangeError$1('Wrong offset');
-           byteLength = byteLength === undefined ? bufferLength - offset : toLength(byteLength);
-           if (offset + byteLength > bufferLength) throw RangeError$1(WRONG_LENGTH);
-           setInternalState$2(this, {
+           anInstance$6(this, $DataView, DATA_VIEW);
+           anInstance$6(buffer, $ArrayBuffer, DATA_VIEW);
+           var bufferLength = getInternalState$3(buffer).byteLength;
+           var offset = toInteger$6(byteOffset);
+           if (offset < 0 || offset > bufferLength) throw RangeError$2('Wrong offset');
+           byteLength = byteLength === undefined ? bufferLength - offset : toLength$l(byteLength);
+           if (offset + byteLength > bufferLength) throw RangeError$2(WRONG_LENGTH$1);
+           setInternalState$5(this, {
              buffer: buffer,
              byteLength: byteLength,
              byteOffset: offset
            });
-           if (!descriptors) {
+           if (!DESCRIPTORS$f) {
              this.buffer = buffer;
              this.byteLength = byteLength;
              this.byteOffset = offset;
            }
          };
 
-         if (descriptors) {
-           addGetter($ArrayBuffer, 'byteLength');
-           addGetter($DataView, 'buffer');
-           addGetter($DataView, 'byteLength');
-           addGetter($DataView, 'byteOffset');
+         if (DESCRIPTORS$f) {
+           addGetter$1($ArrayBuffer, 'byteLength');
+           addGetter$1($DataView, 'buffer');
+           addGetter$1($DataView, 'byteLength');
+           addGetter$1($DataView, 'byteOffset');
          }
 
-         redefineAll($DataView[PROTOTYPE$2], {
+         redefineAll$3($DataView[PROTOTYPE], {
            getInt8: function getInt8(byteOffset) {
-             return get$1(this, 1, byteOffset)[0] << 24 >> 24;
+             return get$4(this, 1, byteOffset)[0] << 24 >> 24;
            },
            getUint8: function getUint8(byteOffset) {
-             return get$1(this, 1, byteOffset)[0];
+             return get$4(this, 1, byteOffset)[0];
            },
            getInt16: function getInt16(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
-             var bytes = get$1(this, 2, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+             var bytes = get$4(this, 2, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
              return (bytes[1] << 8 | bytes[0]) << 16 >> 16;
            },
            getUint16: function getUint16(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
-             var bytes = get$1(this, 2, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+             var bytes = get$4(this, 2, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
              return bytes[1] << 8 | bytes[0];
            },
            getInt32: function getInt32(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
-             return unpackInt32(get$1(this, 4, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined));
+             return unpackInt32(get$4(this, 4, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined));
            },
            getUint32: function getUint32(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
-             return unpackInt32(get$1(this, 4, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined)) >>> 0;
+             return unpackInt32(get$4(this, 4, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined)) >>> 0;
            },
            getFloat32: function getFloat32(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
-             return unpackIEEE754(get$1(this, 4, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined), 23);
+             return unpackIEEE754(get$4(this, 4, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined), 23);
            },
            getFloat64: function getFloat64(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
-             return unpackIEEE754(get$1(this, 8, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined), 52);
+             return unpackIEEE754(get$4(this, 8, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined), 52);
            },
            setInt8: function setInt8(byteOffset, value) {
-             set$1(this, 1, byteOffset, packInt8, value);
+             set$3(this, 1, byteOffset, packInt8, value);
            },
            setUint8: function setUint8(byteOffset, value) {
-             set$1(this, 1, byteOffset, packInt8, value);
+             set$3(this, 1, byteOffset, packInt8, value);
            },
            setInt16: function setInt16(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
-             set$1(this, 2, byteOffset, packInt16, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+             set$3(this, 2, byteOffset, packInt16, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
            },
            setUint16: function setUint16(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
-             set$1(this, 2, byteOffset, packInt16, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+             set$3(this, 2, byteOffset, packInt16, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
            },
            setInt32: function setInt32(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
-             set$1(this, 4, byteOffset, packInt32, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+             set$3(this, 4, byteOffset, packInt32, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
            },
            setUint32: function setUint32(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
-             set$1(this, 4, byteOffset, packInt32, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+             set$3(this, 4, byteOffset, packInt32, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
            },
            setFloat32: function setFloat32(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
-             set$1(this, 4, byteOffset, packFloat32, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+             set$3(this, 4, byteOffset, packFloat32, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
            },
            setFloat64: function setFloat64(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
-             set$1(this, 8, byteOffset, packFloat64, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+             set$3(this, 8, byteOffset, packFloat64, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
            }
          });
        } else {
-         if (!fails(function () {
-           NativeArrayBuffer(1);
-         }) || !fails(function () {
-           new NativeArrayBuffer(-1); // eslint-disable-line no-new
-         }) || fails(function () {
-           new NativeArrayBuffer(); // eslint-disable-line no-new
-           new NativeArrayBuffer(1.5); // eslint-disable-line no-new
-           new NativeArrayBuffer(NaN); // eslint-disable-line no-new
-           return NativeArrayBuffer.name != ARRAY_BUFFER;
+         /* eslint-disable no-new -- required for testing */
+         if (!fails$E(function () {
+           NativeArrayBuffer$1(1);
+         }) || !fails$E(function () {
+           new NativeArrayBuffer$1(-1);
+         }) || fails$E(function () {
+           new NativeArrayBuffer$1();
+           new NativeArrayBuffer$1(1.5);
+           new NativeArrayBuffer$1(NaN);
+           return NativeArrayBuffer$1.name != ARRAY_BUFFER$1;
          })) {
+         /* eslint-enable no-new -- required for testing */
            $ArrayBuffer = function ArrayBuffer(length) {
-             anInstance(this, $ArrayBuffer);
-             return new NativeArrayBuffer(toIndex(length));
+             anInstance$6(this, $ArrayBuffer);
+             return new NativeArrayBuffer$1(toIndex$1(length));
            };
-           var ArrayBufferPrototype = $ArrayBuffer[PROTOTYPE$2] = NativeArrayBuffer[PROTOTYPE$2];
-           for (var keys$1 = getOwnPropertyNames(NativeArrayBuffer), j = 0, key; keys$1.length > j;) {
-             if (!((key = keys$1[j++]) in $ArrayBuffer)) {
-               createNonEnumerableProperty($ArrayBuffer, key, NativeArrayBuffer[key]);
+           var ArrayBufferPrototype = $ArrayBuffer[PROTOTYPE] = NativeArrayBuffer$1[PROTOTYPE];
+           for (var keys$2 = getOwnPropertyNames$4(NativeArrayBuffer$1), j$2 = 0, key$1; keys$2.length > j$2;) {
+             if (!((key$1 = keys$2[j$2++]) in $ArrayBuffer)) {
+               createNonEnumerableProperty$5($ArrayBuffer, key$1, NativeArrayBuffer$1[key$1]);
              }
            }
            ArrayBufferPrototype.constructor = $ArrayBuffer;
          }
 
          // WebKit bug - the same parent prototype for typed arrays and data view
-         if (objectSetPrototypeOf && objectGetPrototypeOf($DataViewPrototype) !== ObjectPrototype$2) {
-           objectSetPrototypeOf($DataViewPrototype, ObjectPrototype$2);
+         if (setPrototypeOf$5 && getPrototypeOf$2($DataViewPrototype) !== ObjectPrototype$1) {
+           setPrototypeOf$5($DataViewPrototype, ObjectPrototype$1);
          }
 
          // iOS Safari 7.x bug
          var testView = new $DataView(new $ArrayBuffer(2));
-         var nativeSetInt8 = $DataViewPrototype.setInt8;
+         var $setInt8 = $DataViewPrototype.setInt8;
          testView.setInt8(0, 2147483648);
          testView.setInt8(1, 2147483649);
-         if (testView.getInt8(0) || !testView.getInt8(1)) redefineAll($DataViewPrototype, {
+         if (testView.getInt8(0) || !testView.getInt8(1)) redefineAll$3($DataViewPrototype, {
            setInt8: function setInt8(byteOffset, value) {
-             nativeSetInt8.call(this, byteOffset, value << 24 >> 24);
+             $setInt8.call(this, byteOffset, value << 24 >> 24);
            },
            setUint8: function setUint8(byteOffset, value) {
-             nativeSetInt8.call(this, byteOffset, value << 24 >> 24);
+             $setInt8.call(this, byteOffset, value << 24 >> 24);
            }
          }, { unsafe: true });
        }
 
-       setToStringTag($ArrayBuffer, ARRAY_BUFFER);
-       setToStringTag($DataView, DATA_VIEW);
+       setToStringTag$6($ArrayBuffer, ARRAY_BUFFER$1);
+       setToStringTag$6($DataView, DATA_VIEW);
 
        var arrayBuffer = {
          ArrayBuffer: $ArrayBuffer,
          DataView: $DataView
        };
 
-       var SPECIES$3 = wellKnownSymbol('species');
-
-       var setSpecies = function (CONSTRUCTOR_NAME) {
-         var Constructor = getBuiltIn(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
-         var defineProperty = objectDefineProperty.f;
-
-         if (descriptors && Constructor && !Constructor[SPECIES$3]) {
-           defineProperty(Constructor, SPECIES$3, {
-             configurable: true,
-             get: function () { return this; }
-           });
-         }
-       };
-
-       var ARRAY_BUFFER$1 = 'ArrayBuffer';
-       var ArrayBuffer$1 = arrayBuffer[ARRAY_BUFFER$1];
-       var NativeArrayBuffer$1 = global_1[ARRAY_BUFFER$1];
-
-       // `ArrayBuffer` constructor
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-arraybuffer-constructor
-       _export({ global: true, forced: NativeArrayBuffer$1 !== ArrayBuffer$1 }, {
-         ArrayBuffer: ArrayBuffer$1
-       });
-
-       setSpecies(ARRAY_BUFFER$1);
-
-       var TO_STRING_TAG$1 = wellKnownSymbol('toStringTag');
-       var test = {};
-
-       test[TO_STRING_TAG$1] = 'z';
+       var anObject$f = anObject$m;
+       var aFunction$7 = aFunction$9;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$h = wellKnownSymbol$s;
 
-       var toStringTagSupport = String(test) === '[object z]';
+       var SPECIES$5 = wellKnownSymbol$h('species');
 
-       var TO_STRING_TAG$2 = wellKnownSymbol('toStringTag');
-       // ES3 wrong here
-       var CORRECT_ARGUMENTS = classofRaw(function () { return arguments; }()) == 'Arguments';
-
-       // fallback for IE11 Script Access Denied error
-       var tryGet = function (it, key) {
-         try {
-           return it[key];
-         } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+       // `SpeciesConstructor` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-speciesconstructor
+       var speciesConstructor$8 = function (O, defaultConstructor) {
+         var C = anObject$f(O).constructor;
+         var S;
+         return C === undefined || (S = anObject$f(C)[SPECIES$5]) == undefined ? defaultConstructor : aFunction$7(S);
        };
 
-       // getting tag from ES6+ `Object.prototype.toString`
-       var classof = toStringTagSupport ? classofRaw : function (it) {
-         var O, tag, result;
-         return it === undefined ? 'Undefined' : it === null ? 'Null'
-           // @@toStringTag case
-           : typeof (tag = tryGet(O = Object(it), TO_STRING_TAG$2)) == 'string' ? tag
-           // builtinTag case
-           : CORRECT_ARGUMENTS ? classofRaw(O)
-           // ES3 arguments fallback
-           : (result = classofRaw(O)) == 'Object' && typeof O.callee == 'function' ? 'Arguments' : result;
-       };
+       var $$12 = _export;
+       var fails$D = fails$N;
+       var ArrayBufferModule$2 = arrayBuffer;
+       var anObject$e = anObject$m;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$5 = toAbsoluteIndex$8;
+       var toLength$k = toLength$q;
+       var speciesConstructor$7 = speciesConstructor$8;
 
-       var defineProperty$5 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var ArrayBuffer$4 = ArrayBufferModule$2.ArrayBuffer;
+       var DataView$2 = ArrayBufferModule$2.DataView;
+       var nativeArrayBufferSlice = ArrayBuffer$4.prototype.slice;
 
+       var INCORRECT_SLICE = fails$D(function () {
+         return !new ArrayBuffer$4(2).slice(1, undefined).byteLength;
+       });
 
+       // `ArrayBuffer.prototype.slice` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-arraybuffer.prototype.slice
+       $$12({ target: 'ArrayBuffer', proto: true, unsafe: true, forced: INCORRECT_SLICE }, {
+         slice: function slice(start, end) {
+           if (nativeArrayBufferSlice !== undefined && end === undefined) {
+             return nativeArrayBufferSlice.call(anObject$e(this), start); // FF fix
+           }
+           var length = anObject$e(this).byteLength;
+           var first = toAbsoluteIndex$5(start, length);
+           var fin = toAbsoluteIndex$5(end === undefined ? length : end, length);
+           var result = new (speciesConstructor$7(this, ArrayBuffer$4))(toLength$k(fin - first));
+           var viewSource = new DataView$2(this);
+           var viewTarget = new DataView$2(result);
+           var index = 0;
+           while (first < fin) {
+             viewTarget.setUint8(index++, viewSource.getUint8(first++));
+           } return result;
+         }
+       });
 
+       var $$11 = _export;
+       var ArrayBufferModule$1 = arrayBuffer;
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER$1 = arrayBufferNative;
 
+       // `DataView` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-dataview-constructor
+       $$11({ global: true, forced: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER$1 }, {
+         DataView: ArrayBufferModule$1.DataView
+       });
 
-       var Int8Array$1 = global_1.Int8Array;
-       var Int8ArrayPrototype = Int8Array$1 && Int8Array$1.prototype;
-       var Uint8ClampedArray = global_1.Uint8ClampedArray;
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER = arrayBufferNative;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$e = descriptors;
+       var global$p = global$F;
+       var isObject$i = isObject$r;
+       var has$6 = has$j;
+       var classof$8 = classof$b;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$4 = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var redefine$9 = redefine$g.exports;
+       var defineProperty$6 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var getPrototypeOf$1 = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var setPrototypeOf$4 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$g = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var uid$1 = uid$5;
+
+       var Int8Array$3 = global$p.Int8Array;
+       var Int8ArrayPrototype = Int8Array$3 && Int8Array$3.prototype;
+       var Uint8ClampedArray = global$p.Uint8ClampedArray;
        var Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype = Uint8ClampedArray && Uint8ClampedArray.prototype;
-       var TypedArray = Int8Array$1 && objectGetPrototypeOf(Int8Array$1);
-       var TypedArrayPrototype = Int8ArrayPrototype && objectGetPrototypeOf(Int8ArrayPrototype);
-       var ObjectPrototype$3 = Object.prototype;
-       var isPrototypeOf = ObjectPrototype$3.isPrototypeOf;
+       var TypedArray$1 = Int8Array$3 && getPrototypeOf$1(Int8Array$3);
+       var TypedArrayPrototype$1 = Int8ArrayPrototype && getPrototypeOf$1(Int8ArrayPrototype);
+       var ObjectPrototype = Object.prototype;
+       var isPrototypeOf = ObjectPrototype.isPrototypeOf;
 
-       var TO_STRING_TAG$3 = wellKnownSymbol('toStringTag');
-       var TYPED_ARRAY_TAG = uid('TYPED_ARRAY_TAG');
+       var TO_STRING_TAG = wellKnownSymbol$g('toStringTag');
+       var TYPED_ARRAY_TAG$1 = uid$1('TYPED_ARRAY_TAG');
        // Fixing native typed arrays in Opera Presto crashes the browser, see #595
-       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS = arrayBufferNative && !!objectSetPrototypeOf && classof(global_1.opera) !== 'Opera';
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 = NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER && !!setPrototypeOf$4 && classof$8(global$p.opera) !== 'Opera';
        var TYPED_ARRAY_TAG_REQIRED = false;
-       var NAME;
+       var NAME$1;
 
        var TypedArrayConstructorsList = {
          Int8Array: 1,
          Float64Array: 8
        };
 
+       var BigIntArrayConstructorsList = {
+         BigInt64Array: 8,
+         BigUint64Array: 8
+       };
+
        var isView = function isView(it) {
-         var klass = classof(it);
-         return klass === 'DataView' || has(TypedArrayConstructorsList, klass);
+         if (!isObject$i(it)) return false;
+         var klass = classof$8(it);
+         return klass === 'DataView'
+           || has$6(TypedArrayConstructorsList, klass)
+           || has$6(BigIntArrayConstructorsList, klass);
        };
 
-       var isTypedArray = function (it) {
-         return isObject(it) && has(TypedArrayConstructorsList, classof(it));
+       var isTypedArray$1 = function (it) {
+         if (!isObject$i(it)) return false;
+         var klass = classof$8(it);
+         return has$6(TypedArrayConstructorsList, klass)
+           || has$6(BigIntArrayConstructorsList, klass);
        };
 
-       var aTypedArray = function (it) {
-         if (isTypedArray(it)) return it;
+       var aTypedArray$m = function (it) {
+         if (isTypedArray$1(it)) return it;
          throw TypeError('Target is not a typed array');
        };
 
-       var aTypedArrayConstructor = function (C) {
-         if (objectSetPrototypeOf) {
-           if (isPrototypeOf.call(TypedArray, C)) return C;
-         } else for (var ARRAY in TypedArrayConstructorsList) if (has(TypedArrayConstructorsList, NAME)) {
-           var TypedArrayConstructor = global_1[ARRAY];
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor$5 = function (C) {
+         if (setPrototypeOf$4) {
+           if (isPrototypeOf.call(TypedArray$1, C)) return C;
+         } else for (var ARRAY in TypedArrayConstructorsList) if (has$6(TypedArrayConstructorsList, NAME$1)) {
+           var TypedArrayConstructor = global$p[ARRAY];
            if (TypedArrayConstructor && (C === TypedArrayConstructor || isPrototypeOf.call(TypedArrayConstructor, C))) {
              return C;
            }
          } throw TypeError('Target is not a typed array constructor');
        };
 
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod = function (KEY, property, forced) {
-         if (!descriptors) return;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$n = function (KEY, property, forced) {
+         if (!DESCRIPTORS$e) return;
          if (forced) for (var ARRAY in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
-           var TypedArrayConstructor = global_1[ARRAY];
-           if (TypedArrayConstructor && has(TypedArrayConstructor.prototype, KEY)) {
+           var TypedArrayConstructor = global$p[ARRAY];
+           if (TypedArrayConstructor && has$6(TypedArrayConstructor.prototype, KEY)) try {
              delete TypedArrayConstructor.prototype[KEY];
-           }
+           } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
          }
-         if (!TypedArrayPrototype[KEY] || forced) {
-           redefine(TypedArrayPrototype, KEY, forced ? property
-             : NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS && Int8ArrayPrototype[KEY] || property);
+         if (!TypedArrayPrototype$1[KEY] || forced) {
+           redefine$9(TypedArrayPrototype$1, KEY, forced ? property
+             : NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 && Int8ArrayPrototype[KEY] || property);
          }
        };
 
-       var exportTypedArrayStaticMethod = function (KEY, property, forced) {
+       var exportTypedArrayStaticMethod$1 = function (KEY, property, forced) {
          var ARRAY, TypedArrayConstructor;
-         if (!descriptors) return;
-         if (objectSetPrototypeOf) {
+         if (!DESCRIPTORS$e) return;
+         if (setPrototypeOf$4) {
            if (forced) for (ARRAY in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
-             TypedArrayConstructor = global_1[ARRAY];
-             if (TypedArrayConstructor && has(TypedArrayConstructor, KEY)) {
+             TypedArrayConstructor = global$p[ARRAY];
+             if (TypedArrayConstructor && has$6(TypedArrayConstructor, KEY)) try {
                delete TypedArrayConstructor[KEY];
-             }
+             } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
            }
-           if (!TypedArray[KEY] || forced) {
+           if (!TypedArray$1[KEY] || forced) {
              // V8 ~ Chrome 49-50 `%TypedArray%` methods are non-writable non-configurable
              try {
-               return redefine(TypedArray, KEY, forced ? property : NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS && Int8Array$1[KEY] || property);
+               return redefine$9(TypedArray$1, KEY, forced ? property : NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 && TypedArray$1[KEY] || property);
              } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
            } else return;
          }
          for (ARRAY in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
-           TypedArrayConstructor = global_1[ARRAY];
+           TypedArrayConstructor = global$p[ARRAY];
            if (TypedArrayConstructor && (!TypedArrayConstructor[KEY] || forced)) {
-             redefine(TypedArrayConstructor, KEY, property);
+             redefine$9(TypedArrayConstructor, KEY, property);
            }
          }
        };
 
-       for (NAME in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
-         if (!global_1[NAME]) NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS = false;
+       for (NAME$1 in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
+         if (!global$p[NAME$1]) NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 = false;
        }
 
        // WebKit bug - typed arrays constructors prototype is Object.prototype
-       if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS || typeof TypedArray != 'function' || TypedArray === Function.prototype) {
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-shadow
-         TypedArray = function TypedArray() {
+       if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 || typeof TypedArray$1 != 'function' || TypedArray$1 === Function.prototype) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-shadow -- safe
+         TypedArray$1 = function TypedArray() {
            throw TypeError('Incorrect invocation');
          };
-         if (NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS) for (NAME in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
-           if (global_1[NAME]) objectSetPrototypeOf(global_1[NAME], TypedArray);
+         if (NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3) for (NAME$1 in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
+           if (global$p[NAME$1]) setPrototypeOf$4(global$p[NAME$1], TypedArray$1);
          }
        }
 
-       if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS || !TypedArrayPrototype || TypedArrayPrototype === ObjectPrototype$3) {
-         TypedArrayPrototype = TypedArray.prototype;
-         if (NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS) for (NAME in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
-           if (global_1[NAME]) objectSetPrototypeOf(global_1[NAME].prototype, TypedArrayPrototype);
+       if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 || !TypedArrayPrototype$1 || TypedArrayPrototype$1 === ObjectPrototype) {
+         TypedArrayPrototype$1 = TypedArray$1.prototype;
+         if (NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3) for (NAME$1 in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
+           if (global$p[NAME$1]) setPrototypeOf$4(global$p[NAME$1].prototype, TypedArrayPrototype$1);
          }
        }
 
        // WebKit bug - one more object in Uint8ClampedArray prototype chain
-       if (NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS && objectGetPrototypeOf(Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype) !== TypedArrayPrototype) {
-         objectSetPrototypeOf(Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype, TypedArrayPrototype);
+       if (NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 && getPrototypeOf$1(Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype) !== TypedArrayPrototype$1) {
+         setPrototypeOf$4(Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype, TypedArrayPrototype$1);
        }
 
-       if (descriptors && !has(TypedArrayPrototype, TO_STRING_TAG$3)) {
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$e && !has$6(TypedArrayPrototype$1, TO_STRING_TAG)) {
          TYPED_ARRAY_TAG_REQIRED = true;
-         defineProperty$5(TypedArrayPrototype, TO_STRING_TAG$3, { get: function () {
-           return isObject(this) ? this[TYPED_ARRAY_TAG] : undefined;
+         defineProperty$6(TypedArrayPrototype$1, TO_STRING_TAG, { get: function () {
+           return isObject$i(this) ? this[TYPED_ARRAY_TAG$1] : undefined;
          } });
-         for (NAME in TypedArrayConstructorsList) if (global_1[NAME]) {
-           createNonEnumerableProperty(global_1[NAME], TYPED_ARRAY_TAG, NAME);
+         for (NAME$1 in TypedArrayConstructorsList) if (global$p[NAME$1]) {
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$4(global$p[NAME$1], TYPED_ARRAY_TAG$1, NAME$1);
          }
        }
 
        var arrayBufferViewCore = {
-         NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS: NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS,
-         TYPED_ARRAY_TAG: TYPED_ARRAY_TAG_REQIRED && TYPED_ARRAY_TAG,
-         aTypedArray: aTypedArray,
-         aTypedArrayConstructor: aTypedArrayConstructor,
-         exportTypedArrayMethod: exportTypedArrayMethod,
-         exportTypedArrayStaticMethod: exportTypedArrayStaticMethod,
+         NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS: NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3,
+         TYPED_ARRAY_TAG: TYPED_ARRAY_TAG_REQIRED && TYPED_ARRAY_TAG$1,
+         aTypedArray: aTypedArray$m,
+         aTypedArrayConstructor: aTypedArrayConstructor$5,
+         exportTypedArrayMethod: exportTypedArrayMethod$n,
+         exportTypedArrayStaticMethod: exportTypedArrayStaticMethod$1,
          isView: isView,
-         isTypedArray: isTypedArray,
-         TypedArray: TypedArray,
-         TypedArrayPrototype: TypedArrayPrototype
+         isTypedArray: isTypedArray$1,
+         TypedArray: TypedArray$1,
+         TypedArrayPrototype: TypedArrayPrototype$1
        };
 
-       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$1 = arrayBufferViewCore.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS;
+       var $$10 = _export;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$n = arrayBufferViewCore;
+
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$2 = ArrayBufferViewCore$n.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS;
 
        // `ArrayBuffer.isView` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-arraybuffer.isview
-       _export({ target: 'ArrayBuffer', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$1 }, {
-         isView: arrayBufferViewCore.isView
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-arraybuffer.isview
+       $$10({ target: 'ArrayBuffer', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$2 }, {
+         isView: ArrayBufferViewCore$n.isView
        });
 
-       var SPECIES$4 = wellKnownSymbol('species');
+       var getBuiltIn$4 = getBuiltIn$9;
+       var definePropertyModule$2 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$f = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$d = descriptors;
 
-       // `SpeciesConstructor` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-speciesconstructor
-       var speciesConstructor = function (O, defaultConstructor) {
-         var C = anObject(O).constructor;
-         var S;
-         return C === undefined || (S = anObject(C)[SPECIES$4]) == undefined ? defaultConstructor : aFunction$1(S);
+       var SPECIES$4 = wellKnownSymbol$f('species');
+
+       var setSpecies$5 = function (CONSTRUCTOR_NAME) {
+         var Constructor = getBuiltIn$4(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+         var defineProperty = definePropertyModule$2.f;
+
+         if (DESCRIPTORS$d && Constructor && !Constructor[SPECIES$4]) {
+           defineProperty(Constructor, SPECIES$4, {
+             configurable: true,
+             get: function () { return this; }
+           });
+         }
        };
 
-       var ArrayBuffer$2 = arrayBuffer.ArrayBuffer;
-       var DataView$1 = arrayBuffer.DataView;
-       var nativeArrayBufferSlice = ArrayBuffer$2.prototype.slice;
+       var $$$ = _export;
+       var global$o = global$F;
+       var arrayBufferModule = arrayBuffer;
+       var setSpecies$4 = setSpecies$5;
+
+       var ARRAY_BUFFER = 'ArrayBuffer';
+       var ArrayBuffer$3 = arrayBufferModule[ARRAY_BUFFER];
+       var NativeArrayBuffer = global$o[ARRAY_BUFFER];
 
-       var INCORRECT_SLICE = fails(function () {
-         return !new ArrayBuffer$2(2).slice(1, undefined).byteLength;
+       // `ArrayBuffer` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-arraybuffer-constructor
+       $$$({ global: true, forced: NativeArrayBuffer !== ArrayBuffer$3 }, {
+         ArrayBuffer: ArrayBuffer$3
        });
 
-       // `ArrayBuffer.prototype.slice` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-arraybuffer.prototype.slice
-       _export({ target: 'ArrayBuffer', proto: true, unsafe: true, forced: INCORRECT_SLICE }, {
-         slice: function slice(start, end) {
-           if (nativeArrayBufferSlice !== undefined && end === undefined) {
-             return nativeArrayBufferSlice.call(anObject(this), start); // FF fix
-           }
-           var length = anObject(this).byteLength;
-           var first = toAbsoluteIndex(start, length);
-           var fin = toAbsoluteIndex(end === undefined ? length : end, length);
-           var result = new (speciesConstructor(this, ArrayBuffer$2))(toLength(fin - first));
-           var viewSource = new DataView$1(this);
-           var viewTarget = new DataView$1(result);
-           var index = 0;
-           while (first < fin) {
-             viewTarget.setUint8(index++, viewSource.getUint8(first++));
-           } return result;
+       setSpecies$4(ARRAY_BUFFER);
+
+       var fails$C = fails$N;
+
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$8 = function (METHOD_NAME, argument) {
+         var method = [][METHOD_NAME];
+         return !!method && fails$C(function () {
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-useless-call,no-throw-literal -- required for testing
+           method.call(null, argument || function () { throw 1; }, 1);
+         });
+       };
+
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-array-prototype-indexof -- required for testing */
+       var $$_ = _export;
+       var $indexOf$1 = arrayIncludes.indexOf;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$7 = arrayMethodIsStrict$8;
+
+       var nativeIndexOf = [].indexOf;
+
+       var NEGATIVE_ZERO$1 = !!nativeIndexOf && 1 / [1].indexOf(1, -0) < 0;
+       var STRICT_METHOD$7 = arrayMethodIsStrict$7('indexOf');
+
+       // `Array.prototype.indexOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.indexof
+       $$_({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: NEGATIVE_ZERO$1 || !STRICT_METHOD$7 }, {
+         indexOf: function indexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex = 0 */) {
+           return NEGATIVE_ZERO$1
+             // convert -0 to +0
+             ? nativeIndexOf.apply(this, arguments) || 0
+             : $indexOf$1(this, searchElement, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
        });
 
-       // `DataView` constructor
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-dataview-constructor
-       _export({ global: true, forced: !arrayBufferNative }, {
-         DataView: arrayBuffer.DataView
+       var fails$B = fails$N;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$e = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var V8_VERSION$2 = engineV8Version;
+
+       var SPECIES$3 = wellKnownSymbol$e('species');
+
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5 = function (METHOD_NAME) {
+         // We can't use this feature detection in V8 since it causes
+         // deoptimization and serious performance degradation
+         // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/677
+         return V8_VERSION$2 >= 51 || !fails$B(function () {
+           var array = [];
+           var constructor = array.constructor = {};
+           constructor[SPECIES$3] = function () {
+             return { foo: 1 };
+           };
+           return array[METHOD_NAME](Boolean).foo !== 1;
+         });
+       };
+
+       var $$Z = _export;
+       var $map$1 = arrayIteration.map;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$4 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
+
+       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$3 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$4('map');
+
+       // `Array.prototype.map` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.map
+       // with adding support of @@species
+       $$Z({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$3 }, {
+         map: function map(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+           return $map$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
        });
 
-       var defineProperty$6 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var $forEach$1 = arrayIteration.forEach;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$6 = arrayMethodIsStrict$8;
 
-       var FunctionPrototype = Function.prototype;
-       var FunctionPrototypeToString = FunctionPrototype.toString;
-       var nameRE = /^\s*function ([^ (]*)/;
-       var NAME$1 = 'name';
+       var STRICT_METHOD$6 = arrayMethodIsStrict$6('forEach');
 
-       // Function instances `.name` property
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-function-instances-name
-       if (descriptors && !(NAME$1 in FunctionPrototype)) {
-         defineProperty$6(FunctionPrototype, NAME$1, {
-           configurable: true,
-           get: function () {
-             try {
-               return FunctionPrototypeToString.call(this).match(nameRE)[1];
-             } catch (error) {
-               return '';
-             }
-           }
-         });
+       // `Array.prototype.forEach` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.foreach
+       var arrayForEach = !STRICT_METHOD$6 ? function forEach(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $forEach$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-prototype-foreach -- safe
+       } : [].forEach;
+
+       var $$Y = _export;
+       var forEach$3 = arrayForEach;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.forEach` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.foreach
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-prototype-foreach -- safe
+       $$Y({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: [].forEach != forEach$3 }, {
+         forEach: forEach$3
+       });
+
+       var global$n = global$F;
+       var DOMIterables = domIterables;
+       var forEach$2 = arrayForEach;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$3 = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+
+       for (var COLLECTION_NAME in DOMIterables) {
+         var Collection = global$n[COLLECTION_NAME];
+         var CollectionPrototype = Collection && Collection.prototype;
+         // some Chrome versions have non-configurable methods on DOMTokenList
+         if (CollectionPrototype && CollectionPrototype.forEach !== forEach$2) try {
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$3(CollectionPrototype, 'forEach', forEach$2);
+         } catch (error) {
+           CollectionPrototype.forEach = forEach$2;
+         }
        }
 
-       // `Object.create` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.create
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, sham: !descriptors }, {
-         create: objectCreate
+       var $$X = _export;
+       var isArray$3 = isArray$6;
+
+       // `Array.isArray` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.isarray
+       $$X({ target: 'Array', stat: true }, {
+         isArray: isArray$3
        });
 
-       var nativeGetOwnPropertyNames$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f;
+       var $$W = _export;
+       var fails$A = fails$N;
+       var getOwnPropertyNames$3 = objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f;
 
-       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES = fails(function () { return !Object.getOwnPropertyNames(1); });
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertynames -- required for testing
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$4 = fails$A(function () { return !Object.getOwnPropertyNames(1); });
 
        // `Object.getOwnPropertyNames` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertynames
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES }, {
-         getOwnPropertyNames: nativeGetOwnPropertyNames$2
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertynames
+       $$W({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$4 }, {
+         getOwnPropertyNames: getOwnPropertyNames$3
        });
 
-       // `Object.prototype.toString` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.prototype.tostring
-       var objectToString = toStringTagSupport ? {}.toString : function toString() {
-         return '[object ' + classof(this) + ']';
-       };
+       var global$m = global$F;
 
-       // `Object.prototype.toString` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.prototype.tostring
-       if (!toStringTagSupport) {
-         redefine(Object.prototype, 'toString', objectToString, { unsafe: true });
-       }
+       var nativePromiseConstructor = global$m.Promise;
 
-       var nativePromiseConstructor = global_1.Promise;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$d = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var Iterators$1 = iterators;
 
-       var ITERATOR$2 = wellKnownSymbol('iterator');
-       var ArrayPrototype$1 = Array.prototype;
+       var ITERATOR$5 = wellKnownSymbol$d('iterator');
+       var ArrayPrototype = Array.prototype;
 
        // check on default Array iterator
-       var isArrayIteratorMethod = function (it) {
-         return it !== undefined && (iterators.Array === it || ArrayPrototype$1[ITERATOR$2] === it);
+       var isArrayIteratorMethod$3 = function (it) {
+         return it !== undefined && (Iterators$1.Array === it || ArrayPrototype[ITERATOR$5] === it);
        };
 
-       var ITERATOR$3 = wellKnownSymbol('iterator');
+       var classof$7 = classof$b;
+       var Iterators = iterators;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$c = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+
+       var ITERATOR$4 = wellKnownSymbol$c('iterator');
 
-       var getIteratorMethod = function (it) {
-         if (it != undefined) return it[ITERATOR$3]
+       var getIteratorMethod$5 = function (it) {
+         if (it != undefined) return it[ITERATOR$4]
            || it['@@iterator']
-           || iterators[classof(it)];
+           || Iterators[classof$7(it)];
        };
 
-       // call something on iterator step with safe closing on error
-       var callWithSafeIterationClosing = function (iterator, fn, value, ENTRIES) {
-         try {
-           return ENTRIES ? fn(anObject(value)[0], value[1]) : fn(value);
-         // 7.4.6 IteratorClose(iterator, completion)
-         } catch (error) {
-           var returnMethod = iterator['return'];
-           if (returnMethod !== undefined) anObject(returnMethod.call(iterator));
-           throw error;
+       var anObject$d = anObject$m;
+
+       var iteratorClose$2 = function (iterator) {
+         var returnMethod = iterator['return'];
+         if (returnMethod !== undefined) {
+           return anObject$d(returnMethod.call(iterator)).value;
          }
        };
 
-       var iterate_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
+       var anObject$c = anObject$m;
+       var isArrayIteratorMethod$2 = isArrayIteratorMethod$3;
+       var toLength$j = toLength$q;
+       var bind$a = functionBindContext;
+       var getIteratorMethod$4 = getIteratorMethod$5;
+       var iteratorClose$1 = iteratorClose$2;
+
        var Result = function (stopped, result) {
          this.stopped = stopped;
          this.result = result;
        };
 
-       var iterate = module.exports = function (iterable, fn, that, AS_ENTRIES, IS_ITERATOR) {
-         var boundFunction = functionBindContext(fn, that, AS_ENTRIES ? 2 : 1);
+       var iterate$3 = function (iterable, unboundFunction, options) {
+         var that = options && options.that;
+         var AS_ENTRIES = !!(options && options.AS_ENTRIES);
+         var IS_ITERATOR = !!(options && options.IS_ITERATOR);
+         var INTERRUPTED = !!(options && options.INTERRUPTED);
+         var fn = bind$a(unboundFunction, that, 1 + AS_ENTRIES + INTERRUPTED);
          var iterator, iterFn, index, length, result, next, step;
 
+         var stop = function (condition) {
+           if (iterator) iteratorClose$1(iterator);
+           return new Result(true, condition);
+         };
+
+         var callFn = function (value) {
+           if (AS_ENTRIES) {
+             anObject$c(value);
+             return INTERRUPTED ? fn(value[0], value[1], stop) : fn(value[0], value[1]);
+           } return INTERRUPTED ? fn(value, stop) : fn(value);
+         };
+
          if (IS_ITERATOR) {
            iterator = iterable;
          } else {
-           iterFn = getIteratorMethod(iterable);
+           iterFn = getIteratorMethod$4(iterable);
            if (typeof iterFn != 'function') throw TypeError('Target is not iterable');
            // optimisation for array iterators
-           if (isArrayIteratorMethod(iterFn)) {
-             for (index = 0, length = toLength(iterable.length); length > index; index++) {
-               result = AS_ENTRIES
-                 ? boundFunction(anObject(step = iterable[index])[0], step[1])
-                 : boundFunction(iterable[index]);
+           if (isArrayIteratorMethod$2(iterFn)) {
+             for (index = 0, length = toLength$j(iterable.length); length > index; index++) {
+               result = callFn(iterable[index]);
                if (result && result instanceof Result) return result;
              } return new Result(false);
            }
 
          next = iterator.next;
          while (!(step = next.call(iterator)).done) {
-           result = callWithSafeIterationClosing(iterator, boundFunction, step.value, AS_ENTRIES);
+           try {
+             result = callFn(step.value);
+           } catch (error) {
+             iteratorClose$1(iterator);
+             throw error;
+           }
            if (typeof result == 'object' && result && result instanceof Result) return result;
          } return new Result(false);
        };
 
-       iterate.stop = function (result) {
-         return new Result(true, result);
-       };
-       });
+       var wellKnownSymbol$b = wellKnownSymbol$s;
 
-       var ITERATOR$4 = wellKnownSymbol('iterator');
+       var ITERATOR$3 = wellKnownSymbol$b('iterator');
        var SAFE_CLOSING = false;
 
        try {
              SAFE_CLOSING = true;
            }
          };
-         iteratorWithReturn[ITERATOR$4] = function () {
+         iteratorWithReturn[ITERATOR$3] = function () {
            return this;
          };
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-throw-literal
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-from, no-throw-literal -- required for testing
          Array.from(iteratorWithReturn, function () { throw 2; });
        } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
 
-       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration = function (exec, SKIP_CLOSING) {
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4 = function (exec, SKIP_CLOSING) {
          if (!SKIP_CLOSING && !SAFE_CLOSING) return false;
          var ITERATION_SUPPORT = false;
          try {
            var object = {};
-           object[ITERATOR$4] = function () {
+           object[ITERATOR$3] = function () {
              return {
                next: function () {
                  return { done: ITERATION_SUPPORT = true };
          return ITERATION_SUPPORT;
        };
 
-       var engineIsIos = /(iphone|ipod|ipad).*applewebkit/i.test(engineUserAgent);
+       var userAgent$4 = engineUserAgent;
+
+       var engineIsIos = /(?:iphone|ipod|ipad).*applewebkit/i.test(userAgent$4);
+
+       var classof$6 = classofRaw$1;
+       var global$l = global$F;
 
-       var location$1 = global_1.location;
-       var set$2 = global_1.setImmediate;
-       var clear = global_1.clearImmediate;
-       var process$2 = global_1.process;
-       var MessageChannel = global_1.MessageChannel;
-       var Dispatch = global_1.Dispatch;
+       var engineIsNode = classof$6(global$l.process) == 'process';
+
+       var global$k = global$F;
+       var fails$z = fails$N;
+       var bind$9 = functionBindContext;
+       var html = html$2;
+       var createElement = documentCreateElement$1;
+       var IS_IOS$1 = engineIsIos;
+       var IS_NODE$3 = engineIsNode;
+
+       var location$1 = global$k.location;
+       var set$2 = global$k.setImmediate;
+       var clear = global$k.clearImmediate;
+       var process$3 = global$k.process;
+       var MessageChannel = global$k.MessageChannel;
+       var Dispatch$1 = global$k.Dispatch;
        var counter = 0;
        var queue = {};
        var ONREADYSTATECHANGE = 'onreadystatechange';
        var defer, channel, port;
 
        var run = function (id) {
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-prototype-builtins
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-prototype-builtins -- safe
          if (queue.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
            var fn = queue[id];
            delete queue[id];
 
        var post = function (id) {
          // old engines have not location.origin
-         global_1.postMessage(id + '', location$1.protocol + '//' + location$1.host);
+         global$k.postMessage(id + '', location$1.protocol + '//' + location$1.host);
        };
 
        // Node.js 0.9+ & IE10+ has setImmediate, otherwise:
            var i = 1;
            while (arguments.length > i) args.push(arguments[i++]);
            queue[++counter] = function () {
-             // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func
+             // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func -- spec requirement
              (typeof fn == 'function' ? fn : Function(fn)).apply(undefined, args);
            };
            defer(counter);
            delete queue[id];
          };
          // Node.js 0.8-
-         if (classofRaw(process$2) == 'process') {
+         if (IS_NODE$3) {
            defer = function (id) {
-             process$2.nextTick(runner(id));
+             process$3.nextTick(runner(id));
            };
          // Sphere (JS game engine) Dispatch API
-         } else if (Dispatch && Dispatch.now) {
+         } else if (Dispatch$1 && Dispatch$1.now) {
            defer = function (id) {
-             Dispatch.now(runner(id));
+             Dispatch$1.now(runner(id));
            };
          // Browsers with MessageChannel, includes WebWorkers
          // except iOS - https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/624
-         } else if (MessageChannel && !engineIsIos) {
+         } else if (MessageChannel && !IS_IOS$1) {
            channel = new MessageChannel();
            port = channel.port2;
            channel.port1.onmessage = listener;
-           defer = functionBindContext(port.postMessage, port, 1);
+           defer = bind$9(port.postMessage, port, 1);
          // Browsers with postMessage, skip WebWorkers
          // IE8 has postMessage, but it's sync & typeof its postMessage is 'object'
          } else if (
-           global_1.addEventListener &&
+           global$k.addEventListener &&
            typeof postMessage == 'function' &&
-           !global_1.importScripts &&
-           !fails(post) &&
-           location$1.protocol !== 'file:'
+           !global$k.importScripts &&
+           location$1 && location$1.protocol !== 'file:' &&
+           !fails$z(post)
          ) {
            defer = post;
-           global_1.addEventListener('message', listener, false);
+           global$k.addEventListener('message', listener, false);
          // IE8-
-         } else if (ONREADYSTATECHANGE in documentCreateElement('script')) {
+         } else if (ONREADYSTATECHANGE in createElement('script')) {
            defer = function (id) {
-             html.appendChild(documentCreateElement('script'))[ONREADYSTATECHANGE] = function () {
+             html.appendChild(createElement('script'))[ONREADYSTATECHANGE] = function () {
                html.removeChild(this);
                run(id);
              };
          }
        }
 
-       var task = {
+       var task$1 = {
          set: set$2,
          clear: clear
        };
 
-       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
-
-       var macrotask = task.set;
+       var userAgent$3 = engineUserAgent;
 
+       var engineIsWebosWebkit = /web0s(?!.*chrome)/i.test(userAgent$3);
 
-       var MutationObserver = global_1.MutationObserver || global_1.WebKitMutationObserver;
-       var process$3 = global_1.process;
-       var Promise$1 = global_1.Promise;
-       var IS_NODE = classofRaw(process$3) == 'process';
+       var global$j = global$F;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$3 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var macrotask = task$1.set;
+       var IS_IOS = engineIsIos;
+       var IS_WEBOS_WEBKIT = engineIsWebosWebkit;
+       var IS_NODE$2 = engineIsNode;
+
+       var MutationObserver = global$j.MutationObserver || global$j.WebKitMutationObserver;
+       var document$2 = global$j.document;
+       var process$2 = global$j.process;
+       var Promise$1 = global$j.Promise;
        // Node.js 11 shows ExperimentalWarning on getting `queueMicrotask`
-       var queueMicrotaskDescriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(global_1, 'queueMicrotask');
+       var queueMicrotaskDescriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$3(global$j, 'queueMicrotask');
        var queueMicrotask = queueMicrotaskDescriptor && queueMicrotaskDescriptor.value;
 
-       var flush, head, last, notify, toggle, node, promise, then;
+       var flush, head, last, notify$1, toggle, node, promise, then;
 
        // modern engines have queueMicrotask method
        if (!queueMicrotask) {
          flush = function () {
            var parent, fn;
-           if (IS_NODE && (parent = process$3.domain)) parent.exit();
+           if (IS_NODE$2 && (parent = process$2.domain)) parent.exit();
            while (head) {
              fn = head.fn;
              head = head.next;
              try {
                fn();
              } catch (error) {
-               if (head) notify();
+               if (head) notify$1();
                else last = undefined;
                throw error;
              }
            if (parent) parent.enter();
          };
 
-         // Node.js
-         if (IS_NODE) {
-           notify = function () {
-             process$3.nextTick(flush);
-           };
          // browsers with MutationObserver, except iOS - https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/339
-         } else if (MutationObserver && !engineIsIos) {
+         // also except WebOS Webkit https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/898
+         if (!IS_IOS && !IS_NODE$2 && !IS_WEBOS_WEBKIT && MutationObserver && document$2) {
            toggle = true;
-           node = document.createTextNode('');
+           node = document$2.createTextNode('');
            new MutationObserver(flush).observe(node, { characterData: true });
-           notify = function () {
+           notify$1 = function () {
              node.data = toggle = !toggle;
            };
          // environments with maybe non-completely correct, but existent Promise
          } else if (Promise$1 && Promise$1.resolve) {
            // Promise.resolve without an argument throws an error in LG WebOS 2
            promise = Promise$1.resolve(undefined);
+           // workaround of WebKit ~ iOS Safari 10.1 bug
+           promise.constructor = Promise$1;
            then = promise.then;
-           notify = function () {
+           notify$1 = function () {
              then.call(promise, flush);
            };
+         // Node.js without promises
+         } else if (IS_NODE$2) {
+           notify$1 = function () {
+             process$2.nextTick(flush);
+           };
          // for other environments - macrotask based on:
          // - setImmediate
          // - MessageChannel
          // - onreadystatechange
          // - setTimeout
          } else {
-           notify = function () {
+           notify$1 = function () {
              // strange IE + webpack dev server bug - use .call(global)
-             macrotask.call(global_1, flush);
+             macrotask.call(global$j, flush);
            };
          }
        }
 
-       var microtask = queueMicrotask || function (fn) {
+       var microtask$1 = queueMicrotask || function (fn) {
          var task = { fn: fn, next: undefined };
          if (last) last.next = task;
          if (!head) {
            head = task;
-           notify();
+           notify$1();
          } last = task;
        };
 
+       var newPromiseCapability$2 = {};
+
+       var aFunction$6 = aFunction$9;
+
        var PromiseCapability = function (C) {
          var resolve, reject;
          this.promise = new C(function ($$resolve, $$reject) {
            resolve = $$resolve;
            reject = $$reject;
          });
-         this.resolve = aFunction$1(resolve);
-         this.reject = aFunction$1(reject);
+         this.resolve = aFunction$6(resolve);
+         this.reject = aFunction$6(reject);
        };
 
-       // 25.4.1.5 NewPromiseCapability(C)
-       var f$7 = function (C) {
+       // `NewPromiseCapability` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-newpromisecapability
+       newPromiseCapability$2.f = function (C) {
          return new PromiseCapability(C);
        };
 
-       var newPromiseCapability = {
-               f: f$7
-       };
+       var anObject$b = anObject$m;
+       var isObject$h = isObject$r;
+       var newPromiseCapability$1 = newPromiseCapability$2;
 
-       var promiseResolve = function (C, x) {
-         anObject(C);
-         if (isObject(x) && x.constructor === C) return x;
-         var promiseCapability = newPromiseCapability.f(C);
+       var promiseResolve$2 = function (C, x) {
+         anObject$b(C);
+         if (isObject$h(x) && x.constructor === C) return x;
+         var promiseCapability = newPromiseCapability$1.f(C);
          var resolve = promiseCapability.resolve;
          resolve(x);
          return promiseCapability.promise;
        };
 
-       var hostReportErrors = function (a, b) {
-         var console = global_1.console;
+       var global$i = global$F;
+
+       var hostReportErrors$1 = function (a, b) {
+         var console = global$i.console;
          if (console && console.error) {
            arguments.length === 1 ? console.error(a) : console.error(a, b);
          }
        };
 
-       var perform = function (exec) {
+       var perform$1 = function (exec) {
          try {
            return { error: false, value: exec() };
          } catch (error) {
          }
        };
 
-       var task$1 = task.set;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-       var SPECIES$5 = wellKnownSymbol('species');
+       var engineIsBrowser = typeof window == 'object';
+
+       var $$V = _export;
+       var global$h = global$F;
+       var getBuiltIn$3 = getBuiltIn$9;
+       var NativePromise$1 = nativePromiseConstructor;
+       var redefine$8 = redefine$g.exports;
+       var redefineAll$2 = redefineAll$4;
+       var setPrototypeOf$3 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var setToStringTag$5 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var setSpecies$3 = setSpecies$5;
+       var isObject$g = isObject$r;
+       var aFunction$5 = aFunction$9;
+       var anInstance$5 = anInstance$7;
+       var inspectSource = inspectSource$3;
+       var iterate$2 = iterate$3;
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration$3 = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4;
+       var speciesConstructor$6 = speciesConstructor$8;
+       var task = task$1.set;
+       var microtask = microtask$1;
+       var promiseResolve$1 = promiseResolve$2;
+       var hostReportErrors = hostReportErrors$1;
+       var newPromiseCapabilityModule = newPromiseCapability$2;
+       var perform = perform$1;
+       var InternalStateModule$4 = internalState;
+       var isForced$3 = isForced_1;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$a = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var IS_BROWSER = engineIsBrowser;
+       var IS_NODE$1 = engineIsNode;
+       var V8_VERSION$1 = engineV8Version;
+
+       var SPECIES$2 = wellKnownSymbol$a('species');
        var PROMISE = 'Promise';
-       var getInternalState$3 = internalState.get;
-       var setInternalState$3 = internalState.set;
-       var getInternalPromiseState = internalState.getterFor(PROMISE);
-       var PromiseConstructor = nativePromiseConstructor;
-       var TypeError$1 = global_1.TypeError;
-       var document$2 = global_1.document;
-       var process$4 = global_1.process;
-       var $fetch = getBuiltIn('fetch');
-       var newPromiseCapability$1 = newPromiseCapability.f;
-       var newGenericPromiseCapability = newPromiseCapability$1;
-       var IS_NODE$1 = classofRaw(process$4) == 'process';
-       var DISPATCH_EVENT = !!(document$2 && document$2.createEvent && global_1.dispatchEvent);
+       var getInternalState$2 = InternalStateModule$4.get;
+       var setInternalState$4 = InternalStateModule$4.set;
+       var getInternalPromiseState = InternalStateModule$4.getterFor(PROMISE);
+       var NativePromisePrototype = NativePromise$1 && NativePromise$1.prototype;
+       var PromiseConstructor = NativePromise$1;
+       var PromiseConstructorPrototype = NativePromisePrototype;
+       var TypeError$1 = global$h.TypeError;
+       var document$1 = global$h.document;
+       var process$1 = global$h.process;
+       var newPromiseCapability = newPromiseCapabilityModule.f;
+       var newGenericPromiseCapability = newPromiseCapability;
+       var DISPATCH_EVENT = !!(document$1 && document$1.createEvent && global$h.dispatchEvent);
+       var NATIVE_REJECTION_EVENT = typeof PromiseRejectionEvent == 'function';
        var UNHANDLED_REJECTION = 'unhandledrejection';
        var REJECTION_HANDLED = 'rejectionhandled';
        var PENDING = 0;
        var REJECTED = 2;
        var HANDLED = 1;
        var UNHANDLED = 2;
+       var SUBCLASSING = false;
        var Internal, OwnPromiseCapability, PromiseWrapper, nativeThen;
 
-       var FORCED = isForced_1(PROMISE, function () {
+       var FORCED$f = isForced$3(PROMISE, function () {
          var GLOBAL_CORE_JS_PROMISE = inspectSource(PromiseConstructor) !== String(PromiseConstructor);
-         if (!GLOBAL_CORE_JS_PROMISE) {
-           // V8 6.6 (Node 10 and Chrome 66) have a bug with resolving custom thenables
-           // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=830565
-           // We can't detect it synchronously, so just check versions
-           if (engineV8Version === 66) return true;
-           // Unhandled rejections tracking support, NodeJS Promise without it fails @@species test
-           if (!IS_NODE$1 && typeof PromiseRejectionEvent != 'function') return true;
-         }
+         // V8 6.6 (Node 10 and Chrome 66) have a bug with resolving custom thenables
+         // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=830565
+         // We can't detect it synchronously, so just check versions
+         if (!GLOBAL_CORE_JS_PROMISE && V8_VERSION$1 === 66) return true;
          // We can't use @@species feature detection in V8 since it causes
          // deoptimization and performance degradation
          // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/679
-         if (engineV8Version >= 51 && /native code/.test(PromiseConstructor)) return false;
+         if (V8_VERSION$1 >= 51 && /native code/.test(PromiseConstructor)) return false;
          // Detect correctness of subclassing with @@species support
-         var promise = PromiseConstructor.resolve(1);
+         var promise = new PromiseConstructor(function (resolve) { resolve(1); });
          var FakePromise = function (exec) {
            exec(function () { /* empty */ }, function () { /* empty */ });
          };
          var constructor = promise.constructor = {};
-         constructor[SPECIES$5] = FakePromise;
-         return !(promise.then(function () { /* empty */ }) instanceof FakePromise);
+         constructor[SPECIES$2] = FakePromise;
+         SUBCLASSING = promise.then(function () { /* empty */ }) instanceof FakePromise;
+         if (!SUBCLASSING) return true;
+         // Unhandled rejections tracking support, NodeJS Promise without it fails @@species test
+         return !GLOBAL_CORE_JS_PROMISE && IS_BROWSER && !NATIVE_REJECTION_EVENT;
        });
 
-       var INCORRECT_ITERATION = FORCED || !checkCorrectnessOfIteration(function (iterable) {
+       var INCORRECT_ITERATION$1 = FORCED$f || !checkCorrectnessOfIteration$3(function (iterable) {
          PromiseConstructor.all(iterable)['catch'](function () { /* empty */ });
        });
 
        // helpers
        var isThenable = function (it) {
          var then;
-         return isObject(it) && typeof (then = it.then) == 'function' ? then : false;
+         return isObject$g(it) && typeof (then = it.then) == 'function' ? then : false;
        };
 
-       var notify$1 = function (promise, state, isReject) {
+       var notify = function (state, isReject) {
          if (state.notified) return;
          state.notified = true;
          var chain = state.reactions;
              try {
                if (handler) {
                  if (!ok) {
-                   if (state.rejection === UNHANDLED) onHandleUnhandled(promise, state);
+                   if (state.rejection === UNHANDLED) onHandleUnhandled(state);
                    state.rejection = HANDLED;
                  }
                  if (handler === true) result = value;
            }
            state.reactions = [];
            state.notified = false;
-           if (isReject && !state.rejection) onUnhandled(promise, state);
+           if (isReject && !state.rejection) onUnhandled(state);
          });
        };
 
-       var dispatchEvent = function (name, promise, reason) {
+       var dispatchEvent$1 = function (name, promise, reason) {
          var event, handler;
          if (DISPATCH_EVENT) {
-           event = document$2.createEvent('Event');
+           event = document$1.createEvent('Event');
            event.promise = promise;
            event.reason = reason;
            event.initEvent(name, false, true);
-           global_1.dispatchEvent(event);
+           global$h.dispatchEvent(event);
          } else event = { promise: promise, reason: reason };
-         if (handler = global_1['on' + name]) handler(event);
+         if (!NATIVE_REJECTION_EVENT && (handler = global$h['on' + name])) handler(event);
          else if (name === UNHANDLED_REJECTION) hostReportErrors('Unhandled promise rejection', reason);
        };
 
-       var onUnhandled = function (promise, state) {
-         task$1.call(global_1, function () {
+       var onUnhandled = function (state) {
+         task.call(global$h, function () {
+           var promise = state.facade;
            var value = state.value;
            var IS_UNHANDLED = isUnhandled(state);
            var result;
            if (IS_UNHANDLED) {
              result = perform(function () {
                if (IS_NODE$1) {
-                 process$4.emit('unhandledRejection', value, promise);
-               } else dispatchEvent(UNHANDLED_REJECTION, promise, value);
+                 process$1.emit('unhandledRejection', value, promise);
+               } else dispatchEvent$1(UNHANDLED_REJECTION, promise, value);
              });
              // Browsers should not trigger `rejectionHandled` event if it was handled here, NodeJS - should
              state.rejection = IS_NODE$1 || isUnhandled(state) ? UNHANDLED : HANDLED;
          return state.rejection !== HANDLED && !state.parent;
        };
 
-       var onHandleUnhandled = function (promise, state) {
-         task$1.call(global_1, function () {
+       var onHandleUnhandled = function (state) {
+         task.call(global$h, function () {
+           var promise = state.facade;
            if (IS_NODE$1) {
-             process$4.emit('rejectionHandled', promise);
-           } else dispatchEvent(REJECTION_HANDLED, promise, state.value);
+             process$1.emit('rejectionHandled', promise);
+           } else dispatchEvent$1(REJECTION_HANDLED, promise, state.value);
          });
        };
 
-       var bind = function (fn, promise, state, unwrap) {
+       var bind$8 = function (fn, state, unwrap) {
          return function (value) {
-           fn(promise, state, value, unwrap);
+           fn(state, value, unwrap);
          };
        };
 
-       var internalReject = function (promise, state, value, unwrap) {
+       var internalReject = function (state, value, unwrap) {
          if (state.done) return;
          state.done = true;
          if (unwrap) state = unwrap;
          state.value = value;
          state.state = REJECTED;
-         notify$1(promise, state, true);
+         notify(state, true);
        };
 
-       var internalResolve = function (promise, state, value, unwrap) {
+       var internalResolve = function (state, value, unwrap) {
          if (state.done) return;
          state.done = true;
          if (unwrap) state = unwrap;
          try {
-           if (promise === value) throw TypeError$1("Promise can't be resolved itself");
+           if (state.facade === value) throw TypeError$1("Promise can't be resolved itself");
            var then = isThenable(value);
            if (then) {
              microtask(function () {
                var wrapper = { done: false };
                try {
                  then.call(value,
-                   bind(internalResolve, promise, wrapper, state),
-                   bind(internalReject, promise, wrapper, state)
+                   bind$8(internalResolve, wrapper, state),
+                   bind$8(internalReject, wrapper, state)
                  );
                } catch (error) {
-                 internalReject(promise, wrapper, error, state);
+                 internalReject(wrapper, error, state);
                }
              });
            } else {
              state.value = value;
              state.state = FULFILLED;
-             notify$1(promise, state, false);
+             notify(state, false);
            }
          } catch (error) {
-           internalReject(promise, { done: false }, error, state);
+           internalReject({ done: false }, error, state);
          }
        };
 
        // constructor polyfill
-       if (FORCED) {
+       if (FORCED$f) {
          // 25.4.3.1 Promise(executor)
          PromiseConstructor = function Promise(executor) {
-           anInstance(this, PromiseConstructor, PROMISE);
-           aFunction$1(executor);
+           anInstance$5(this, PromiseConstructor, PROMISE);
+           aFunction$5(executor);
            Internal.call(this);
-           var state = getInternalState$3(this);
+           var state = getInternalState$2(this);
            try {
-             executor(bind(internalResolve, this, state), bind(internalReject, this, state));
+             executor(bind$8(internalResolve, state), bind$8(internalReject, state));
            } catch (error) {
-             internalReject(this, state, error);
+             internalReject(state, error);
            }
          };
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
+         PromiseConstructorPrototype = PromiseConstructor.prototype;
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
          Internal = function Promise(executor) {
-           setInternalState$3(this, {
+           setInternalState$4(this, {
              type: PROMISE,
              done: false,
              notified: false,
              value: undefined
            });
          };
-         Internal.prototype = redefineAll(PromiseConstructor.prototype, {
+         Internal.prototype = redefineAll$2(PromiseConstructorPrototype, {
            // `Promise.prototype.then` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-promise.prototype.then
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.prototype.then
            then: function then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
              var state = getInternalPromiseState(this);
-             var reaction = newPromiseCapability$1(speciesConstructor(this, PromiseConstructor));
+             var reaction = newPromiseCapability(speciesConstructor$6(this, PromiseConstructor));
              reaction.ok = typeof onFulfilled == 'function' ? onFulfilled : true;
              reaction.fail = typeof onRejected == 'function' && onRejected;
-             reaction.domain = IS_NODE$1 ? process$4.domain : undefined;
+             reaction.domain = IS_NODE$1 ? process$1.domain : undefined;
              state.parent = true;
              state.reactions.push(reaction);
-             if (state.state != PENDING) notify$1(this, state, false);
+             if (state.state != PENDING) notify(state, false);
              return reaction.promise;
            },
            // `Promise.prototype.catch` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-promise.prototype.catch
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.prototype.catch
            'catch': function (onRejected) {
              return this.then(undefined, onRejected);
            }
          });
          OwnPromiseCapability = function () {
            var promise = new Internal();
-           var state = getInternalState$3(promise);
+           var state = getInternalState$2(promise);
            this.promise = promise;
-           this.resolve = bind(internalResolve, promise, state);
-           this.reject = bind(internalReject, promise, state);
+           this.resolve = bind$8(internalResolve, state);
+           this.reject = bind$8(internalReject, state);
          };
-         newPromiseCapability.f = newPromiseCapability$1 = function (C) {
+         newPromiseCapabilityModule.f = newPromiseCapability = function (C) {
            return C === PromiseConstructor || C === PromiseWrapper
              ? new OwnPromiseCapability(C)
              : newGenericPromiseCapability(C);
          };
 
-         if ( typeof nativePromiseConstructor == 'function') {
-           nativeThen = nativePromiseConstructor.prototype.then;
+         if (typeof NativePromise$1 == 'function' && NativePromisePrototype !== Object.prototype) {
+           nativeThen = NativePromisePrototype.then;
 
-           // wrap native Promise#then for native async functions
-           redefine(nativePromiseConstructor.prototype, 'then', function then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
-             var that = this;
-             return new PromiseConstructor(function (resolve, reject) {
-               nativeThen.call(that, resolve, reject);
-             }).then(onFulfilled, onRejected);
-           // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/640
-           }, { unsafe: true });
+           if (!SUBCLASSING) {
+             // make `Promise#then` return a polyfilled `Promise` for native promise-based APIs
+             redefine$8(NativePromisePrototype, 'then', function then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
+               var that = this;
+               return new PromiseConstructor(function (resolve, reject) {
+                 nativeThen.call(that, resolve, reject);
+               }).then(onFulfilled, onRejected);
+             // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/640
+             }, { unsafe: true });
 
-           // wrap fetch result
-           if (typeof $fetch == 'function') _export({ global: true, enumerable: true, forced: true }, {
-             // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-             fetch: function fetch(input /* , init */) {
-               return promiseResolve(PromiseConstructor, $fetch.apply(global_1, arguments));
-             }
-           });
+             // makes sure that native promise-based APIs `Promise#catch` properly works with patched `Promise#then`
+             redefine$8(NativePromisePrototype, 'catch', PromiseConstructorPrototype['catch'], { unsafe: true });
+           }
+
+           // make `.constructor === Promise` work for native promise-based APIs
+           try {
+             delete NativePromisePrototype.constructor;
+           } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+
+           // make `instanceof Promise` work for native promise-based APIs
+           if (setPrototypeOf$3) {
+             setPrototypeOf$3(NativePromisePrototype, PromiseConstructorPrototype);
+           }
          }
        }
 
-       _export({ global: true, wrap: true, forced: FORCED }, {
+       $$V({ global: true, wrap: true, forced: FORCED$f }, {
          Promise: PromiseConstructor
        });
 
-       setToStringTag(PromiseConstructor, PROMISE, false);
-       setSpecies(PROMISE);
+       setToStringTag$5(PromiseConstructor, PROMISE, false);
+       setSpecies$3(PROMISE);
 
-       PromiseWrapper = getBuiltIn(PROMISE);
+       PromiseWrapper = getBuiltIn$3(PROMISE);
 
        // statics
-       _export({ target: PROMISE, stat: true, forced: FORCED }, {
+       $$V({ target: PROMISE, stat: true, forced: FORCED$f }, {
          // `Promise.reject` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-promise.reject
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.reject
          reject: function reject(r) {
-           var capability = newPromiseCapability$1(this);
+           var capability = newPromiseCapability(this);
            capability.reject.call(undefined, r);
            return capability.promise;
          }
        });
 
-       _export({ target: PROMISE, stat: true, forced:  FORCED }, {
+       $$V({ target: PROMISE, stat: true, forced: FORCED$f }, {
          // `Promise.resolve` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-promise.resolve
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.resolve
          resolve: function resolve(x) {
-           return promiseResolvethis, x);
+           return promiseResolve$1(this, x);
          }
        });
 
-       _export({ target: PROMISE, stat: true, forced: INCORRECT_ITERATION }, {
+       $$V({ target: PROMISE, stat: true, forced: INCORRECT_ITERATION$1 }, {
          // `Promise.all` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-promise.all
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.all
          all: function all(iterable) {
            var C = this;
-           var capability = newPromiseCapability$1(C);
+           var capability = newPromiseCapability(C);
            var resolve = capability.resolve;
            var reject = capability.reject;
            var result = perform(function () {
-             var $promiseResolve = aFunction$1(C.resolve);
+             var $promiseResolve = aFunction$5(C.resolve);
              var values = [];
              var counter = 0;
              var remaining = 1;
-             iterate_1(iterable, function (promise) {
+             iterate$2(iterable, function (promise) {
                var index = counter++;
                var alreadyCalled = false;
                values.push(undefined);
            return capability.promise;
          },
          // `Promise.race` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-promise.race
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.race
          race: function race(iterable) {
            var C = this;
-           var capability = newPromiseCapability$1(C);
+           var capability = newPromiseCapability(C);
            var reject = capability.reject;
            var result = perform(function () {
-             var $promiseResolve = aFunction$1(C.resolve);
-             iterate_1(iterable, function (promise) {
+             var $promiseResolve = aFunction$5(C.resolve);
+             iterate$2(iterable, function (promise) {
                $promiseResolve.call(C, promise).then(capability.resolve, reject);
              });
            });
          }
        });
 
-       // `RegExp.prototype.flags` getter implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-get-regexp.prototype.flags
-       var regexpFlags = function () {
-         var that = anObject(this);
-         var result = '';
-         if (that.global) result += 'g';
-         if (that.ignoreCase) result += 'i';
-         if (that.multiline) result += 'm';
-         if (that.dotAll) result += 's';
-         if (that.unicode) result += 'u';
-         if (that.sticky) result += 'y';
+       var typedArrayConstructor = {exports: {}};
+
+       /* eslint-disable no-new -- required for testing */
+
+       var global$g = global$F;
+       var fails$y = fails$N;
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration$2 = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4;
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$1 = arrayBufferViewCore.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS;
+
+       var ArrayBuffer$2 = global$g.ArrayBuffer;
+       var Int8Array$2 = global$g.Int8Array;
+
+       var typedArrayConstructorsRequireWrappers = !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$1 || !fails$y(function () {
+         Int8Array$2(1);
+       }) || !fails$y(function () {
+         new Int8Array$2(-1);
+       }) || !checkCorrectnessOfIteration$2(function (iterable) {
+         new Int8Array$2();
+         new Int8Array$2(null);
+         new Int8Array$2(1.5);
+         new Int8Array$2(iterable);
+       }, true) || fails$y(function () {
+         // Safari (11+) bug - a reason why even Safari 13 should load a typed array polyfill
+         return new Int8Array$2(new ArrayBuffer$2(2), 1, undefined).length !== 1;
+       });
+
+       var toInteger$5 = toInteger$b;
+
+       var toPositiveInteger$1 = function (it) {
+         var result = toInteger$5(it);
+         if (result < 0) throw RangeError("The argument can't be less than 0");
          return result;
        };
 
-       // babel-minify transpiles RegExp('a', 'y') -> /a/y and it causes SyntaxError,
-       // so we use an intermediate function.
-       function RE(s, f) {
-         return RegExp(s, f);
-       }
+       var toPositiveInteger = toPositiveInteger$1;
 
-       var UNSUPPORTED_Y = fails(function () {
-         // babel-minify transpiles RegExp('a', 'y') -> /a/y and it causes SyntaxError
-         var re = RE('a', 'y');
-         re.lastIndex = 2;
-         return re.exec('abcd') != null;
-       });
+       var toOffset$2 = function (it, BYTES) {
+         var offset = toPositiveInteger(it);
+         if (offset % BYTES) throw RangeError('Wrong offset');
+         return offset;
+       };
 
-       var BROKEN_CARET = fails(function () {
-         // https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=773687
-         var re = RE('^r', 'gy');
-         re.lastIndex = 2;
-         return re.exec('str') != null;
-       });
+       var toObject$c = toObject$i;
+       var toLength$i = toLength$q;
+       var getIteratorMethod$3 = getIteratorMethod$5;
+       var isArrayIteratorMethod$1 = isArrayIteratorMethod$3;
+       var bind$7 = functionBindContext;
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor$4 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArrayConstructor;
 
-       var regexpStickyHelpers = {
-               UNSUPPORTED_Y: UNSUPPORTED_Y,
-               BROKEN_CARET: BROKEN_CARET
+       var typedArrayFrom$2 = function from(source /* , mapfn, thisArg */) {
+         var O = toObject$c(source);
+         var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
+         var mapfn = argumentsLength > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
+         var mapping = mapfn !== undefined;
+         var iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod$3(O);
+         var i, length, result, step, iterator, next;
+         if (iteratorMethod != undefined && !isArrayIteratorMethod$1(iteratorMethod)) {
+           iterator = iteratorMethod.call(O);
+           next = iterator.next;
+           O = [];
+           while (!(step = next.call(iterator)).done) {
+             O.push(step.value);
+           }
+         }
+         if (mapping && argumentsLength > 2) {
+           mapfn = bind$7(mapfn, arguments[2], 2);
+         }
+         length = toLength$i(O.length);
+         result = new (aTypedArrayConstructor$4(this))(length);
+         for (i = 0; length > i; i++) {
+           result[i] = mapping ? mapfn(O[i], i) : O[i];
+         }
+         return result;
        };
 
-       var nativeExec = RegExp.prototype.exec;
-       // This always refers to the native implementation, because the
-       // String#replace polyfill uses ./fix-regexp-well-known-symbol-logic.js,
-       // which loads this file before patching the method.
-       var nativeReplace = String.prototype.replace;
+       var isObject$f = isObject$r;
+       var setPrototypeOf$2 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
 
-       var patchedExec = nativeExec;
+       // makes subclassing work correct for wrapped built-ins
+       var inheritIfRequired$4 = function ($this, dummy, Wrapper) {
+         var NewTarget, NewTargetPrototype;
+         if (
+           // it can work only with native `setPrototypeOf`
+           setPrototypeOf$2 &&
+           // we haven't completely correct pre-ES6 way for getting `new.target`, so use this
+           typeof (NewTarget = dummy.constructor) == 'function' &&
+           NewTarget !== Wrapper &&
+           isObject$f(NewTargetPrototype = NewTarget.prototype) &&
+           NewTargetPrototype !== Wrapper.prototype
+         ) setPrototypeOf$2($this, NewTargetPrototype);
+         return $this;
+       };
 
-       var UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG = (function () {
-         var re1 = /a/;
-         var re2 = /b*/g;
-         nativeExec.call(re1, 'a');
-         nativeExec.call(re2, 'a');
-         return re1.lastIndex !== 0 || re2.lastIndex !== 0;
-       })();
+       var $$U = _export;
+       var global$f = global$F;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$c = descriptors;
+       var TYPED_ARRAYS_CONSTRUCTORS_REQUIRES_WRAPPERS$1 = typedArrayConstructorsRequireWrappers;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$m = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var ArrayBufferModule = arrayBuffer;
+       var anInstance$4 = anInstance$7;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$2 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$2 = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var toLength$h = toLength$q;
+       var toIndex = toIndex$2;
+       var toOffset$1 = toOffset$2;
+       var toPrimitive$3 = toPrimitive$7;
+       var has$5 = has$j;
+       var classof$5 = classof$b;
+       var isObject$e = isObject$r;
+       var create$9 = objectCreate;
+       var setPrototypeOf$1 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var getOwnPropertyNames$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+       var typedArrayFrom$1 = typedArrayFrom$2;
+       var forEach$1 = arrayIteration.forEach;
+       var setSpecies$2 = setSpecies$5;
+       var definePropertyModule$1 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var InternalStateModule$3 = internalState;
+       var inheritIfRequired$3 = inheritIfRequired$4;
+
+       var getInternalState$1 = InternalStateModule$3.get;
+       var setInternalState$3 = InternalStateModule$3.set;
+       var nativeDefineProperty = definePropertyModule$1.f;
+       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$1 = getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$1.f;
+       var round = Math.round;
+       var RangeError$1 = global$f.RangeError;
+       var ArrayBuffer$1 = ArrayBufferModule.ArrayBuffer;
+       var DataView$1 = ArrayBufferModule.DataView;
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS = ArrayBufferViewCore$m.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS;
+       var TYPED_ARRAY_TAG = ArrayBufferViewCore$m.TYPED_ARRAY_TAG;
+       var TypedArray = ArrayBufferViewCore$m.TypedArray;
+       var TypedArrayPrototype = ArrayBufferViewCore$m.TypedArrayPrototype;
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor$3 = ArrayBufferViewCore$m.aTypedArrayConstructor;
+       var isTypedArray = ArrayBufferViewCore$m.isTypedArray;
+       var BYTES_PER_ELEMENT = 'BYTES_PER_ELEMENT';
+       var WRONG_LENGTH = 'Wrong length';
 
-       var UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 = regexpStickyHelpers.UNSUPPORTED_Y || regexpStickyHelpers.BROKEN_CARET;
+       var fromList = function (C, list) {
+         var index = 0;
+         var length = list.length;
+         var result = new (aTypedArrayConstructor$3(C))(length);
+         while (length > index) result[index] = list[index++];
+         return result;
+       };
 
-       // nonparticipating capturing group, copied from es5-shim's String#split patch.
-       var NPCG_INCLUDED = /()??/.exec('')[1] !== undefined;
+       var addGetter = function (it, key) {
+         nativeDefineProperty(it, key, { get: function () {
+           return getInternalState$1(this)[key];
+         } });
+       };
 
-       var PATCH = UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG || NPCG_INCLUDED || UNSUPPORTED_Y$1;
+       var isArrayBuffer = function (it) {
+         var klass;
+         return it instanceof ArrayBuffer$1 || (klass = classof$5(it)) == 'ArrayBuffer' || klass == 'SharedArrayBuffer';
+       };
 
-       if (PATCH) {
-         patchedExec = function exec(str) {
-           var re = this;
-           var lastIndex, reCopy, match, i;
-           var sticky = UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 && re.sticky;
-           var flags = regexpFlags.call(re);
-           var source = re.source;
-           var charsAdded = 0;
-           var strCopy = str;
+       var isTypedArrayIndex = function (target, key) {
+         return isTypedArray(target)
+           && typeof key != 'symbol'
+           && key in target
+           && String(+key) == String(key);
+       };
 
-           if (sticky) {
-             flags = flags.replace('y', '');
-             if (flags.indexOf('g') === -1) {
-               flags += 'g';
-             }
+       var wrappedGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, key) {
+         return isTypedArrayIndex(target, key = toPrimitive$3(key, true))
+           ? createPropertyDescriptor$2(2, target[key])
+           : nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$1(target, key);
+       };
 
-             strCopy = String(str).slice(re.lastIndex);
-             // Support anchored sticky behavior.
-             if (re.lastIndex > 0 && (!re.multiline || re.multiline && str[re.lastIndex - 1] !== '\n')) {
-               source = '(?: ' + source + ')';
-               strCopy = ' ' + strCopy;
-               charsAdded++;
-             }
-             // ^(? + rx + ) is needed, in combination with some str slicing, to
-             // simulate the 'y' flag.
-             reCopy = new RegExp('^(?:' + source + ')', flags);
+       var wrappedDefineProperty = function defineProperty(target, key, descriptor) {
+         if (isTypedArrayIndex(target, key = toPrimitive$3(key, true))
+           && isObject$e(descriptor)
+           && has$5(descriptor, 'value')
+           && !has$5(descriptor, 'get')
+           && !has$5(descriptor, 'set')
+           // TODO: add validation descriptor w/o calling accessors
+           && !descriptor.configurable
+           && (!has$5(descriptor, 'writable') || descriptor.writable)
+           && (!has$5(descriptor, 'enumerable') || descriptor.enumerable)
+         ) {
+           target[key] = descriptor.value;
+           return target;
+         } return nativeDefineProperty(target, key, descriptor);
+       };
+
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$c) {
+         if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS) {
+           getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$1.f = wrappedGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+           definePropertyModule$1.f = wrappedDefineProperty;
+           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype, 'buffer');
+           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype, 'byteOffset');
+           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype, 'byteLength');
+           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype, 'length');
+         }
+
+         $$U({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS }, {
+           getOwnPropertyDescriptor: wrappedGetOwnPropertyDescriptor,
+           defineProperty: wrappedDefineProperty
+         });
+
+         typedArrayConstructor.exports = function (TYPE, wrapper, CLAMPED) {
+           var BYTES = TYPE.match(/\d+$/)[0] / 8;
+           var CONSTRUCTOR_NAME = TYPE + (CLAMPED ? 'Clamped' : '') + 'Array';
+           var GETTER = 'get' + TYPE;
+           var SETTER = 'set' + TYPE;
+           var NativeTypedArrayConstructor = global$f[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME];
+           var TypedArrayConstructor = NativeTypedArrayConstructor;
+           var TypedArrayConstructorPrototype = TypedArrayConstructor && TypedArrayConstructor.prototype;
+           var exported = {};
+
+           var getter = function (that, index) {
+             var data = getInternalState$1(that);
+             return data.view[GETTER](index * BYTES + data.byteOffset, true);
+           };
+
+           var setter = function (that, index, value) {
+             var data = getInternalState$1(that);
+             if (CLAMPED) value = (value = round(value)) < 0 ? 0 : value > 0xFF ? 0xFF : value & 0xFF;
+             data.view[SETTER](index * BYTES + data.byteOffset, value, true);
+           };
+
+           var addElement = function (that, index) {
+             nativeDefineProperty(that, index, {
+               get: function () {
+                 return getter(this, index);
+               },
+               set: function (value) {
+                 return setter(this, index, value);
+               },
+               enumerable: true
+             });
+           };
+
+           if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS) {
+             TypedArrayConstructor = wrapper(function (that, data, offset, $length) {
+               anInstance$4(that, TypedArrayConstructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+               var index = 0;
+               var byteOffset = 0;
+               var buffer, byteLength, length;
+               if (!isObject$e(data)) {
+                 length = toIndex(data);
+                 byteLength = length * BYTES;
+                 buffer = new ArrayBuffer$1(byteLength);
+               } else if (isArrayBuffer(data)) {
+                 buffer = data;
+                 byteOffset = toOffset$1(offset, BYTES);
+                 var $len = data.byteLength;
+                 if ($length === undefined) {
+                   if ($len % BYTES) throw RangeError$1(WRONG_LENGTH);
+                   byteLength = $len - byteOffset;
+                   if (byteLength < 0) throw RangeError$1(WRONG_LENGTH);
+                 } else {
+                   byteLength = toLength$h($length) * BYTES;
+                   if (byteLength + byteOffset > $len) throw RangeError$1(WRONG_LENGTH);
+                 }
+                 length = byteLength / BYTES;
+               } else if (isTypedArray(data)) {
+                 return fromList(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
+               } else {
+                 return typedArrayFrom$1.call(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
+               }
+               setInternalState$3(that, {
+                 buffer: buffer,
+                 byteOffset: byteOffset,
+                 byteLength: byteLength,
+                 length: length,
+                 view: new DataView$1(buffer)
+               });
+               while (index < length) addElement(that, index++);
+             });
+
+             if (setPrototypeOf$1) setPrototypeOf$1(TypedArrayConstructor, TypedArray);
+             TypedArrayConstructorPrototype = TypedArrayConstructor.prototype = create$9(TypedArrayPrototype);
+           } else if (TYPED_ARRAYS_CONSTRUCTORS_REQUIRES_WRAPPERS$1) {
+             TypedArrayConstructor = wrapper(function (dummy, data, typedArrayOffset, $length) {
+               anInstance$4(dummy, TypedArrayConstructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+               return inheritIfRequired$3(function () {
+                 if (!isObject$e(data)) return new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(toIndex(data));
+                 if (isArrayBuffer(data)) return $length !== undefined
+                   ? new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(data, toOffset$1(typedArrayOffset, BYTES), $length)
+                   : typedArrayOffset !== undefined
+                     ? new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(data, toOffset$1(typedArrayOffset, BYTES))
+                     : new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(data);
+                 if (isTypedArray(data)) return fromList(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
+                 return typedArrayFrom$1.call(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
+               }(), dummy, TypedArrayConstructor);
+             });
+
+             if (setPrototypeOf$1) setPrototypeOf$1(TypedArrayConstructor, TypedArray);
+             forEach$1(getOwnPropertyNames$2(NativeTypedArrayConstructor), function (key) {
+               if (!(key in TypedArrayConstructor)) {
+                 createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructor, key, NativeTypedArrayConstructor[key]);
+               }
+             });
+             TypedArrayConstructor.prototype = TypedArrayConstructorPrototype;
            }
 
-           if (NPCG_INCLUDED) {
-             reCopy = new RegExp('^' + source + '$(?!\\s)', flags);
+           if (TypedArrayConstructorPrototype.constructor !== TypedArrayConstructor) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, 'constructor', TypedArrayConstructor);
            }
-           if (UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG) lastIndex = re.lastIndex;
 
-           match = nativeExec.call(sticky ? reCopy : re, strCopy);
+           if (TYPED_ARRAY_TAG) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, TYPED_ARRAY_TAG, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+           }
 
-           if (sticky) {
-             if (match) {
-               match.input = match.input.slice(charsAdded);
-               match[0] = match[0].slice(charsAdded);
-               match.index = re.lastIndex;
-               re.lastIndex += match[0].length;
-             } else re.lastIndex = 0;
-           } else if (UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG && match) {
-             re.lastIndex = re.global ? match.index + match[0].length : lastIndex;
+           exported[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME] = TypedArrayConstructor;
+
+           $$U({
+             global: true, forced: TypedArrayConstructor != NativeTypedArrayConstructor, sham: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS
+           }, exported);
+
+           if (!(BYTES_PER_ELEMENT in TypedArrayConstructor)) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructor, BYTES_PER_ELEMENT, BYTES);
            }
-           if (NPCG_INCLUDED && match && match.length > 1) {
-             // Fix browsers whose `exec` methods don't consistently return `undefined`
-             // for NPCG, like IE8. NOTE: This doesn' work for /(.?)?/
-             nativeReplace.call(match[0], reCopy, function () {
-               for (i = 1; i < arguments.length - 2; i++) {
-                 if (arguments[i] === undefined) match[i] = undefined;
-               }
-             });
+
+           if (!(BYTES_PER_ELEMENT in TypedArrayConstructorPrototype)) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, BYTES_PER_ELEMENT, BYTES);
            }
 
-           return match;
+           setSpecies$2(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
          };
-       }
+       } else typedArrayConstructor.exports = function () { /* empty */ };
 
-       var regexpExec = patchedExec;
+       var createTypedArrayConstructor$1 = typedArrayConstructor.exports;
 
-       _export({ target: 'RegExp', proto: true, forced: /./.exec !== regexpExec }, {
-         exec: regexpExec
+       // `Uint8Array` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-typedarray-objects
+       createTypedArrayConstructor$1('Uint8', function (init) {
+         return function Uint8Array(data, byteOffset, length) {
+           return init(this, data, byteOffset, length);
+         };
        });
 
-       var TO_STRING$1 = 'toString';
-       var RegExpPrototype = RegExp.prototype;
-       var nativeToString = RegExpPrototype[TO_STRING$1];
-
-       var NOT_GENERIC = fails(function () { return nativeToString.call({ source: 'a', flags: 'b' }) != '/a/b'; });
-       // FF44- RegExp#toString has a wrong name
-       var INCORRECT_NAME = nativeToString.name != TO_STRING$1;
+       var toObject$b = toObject$i;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$4 = toAbsoluteIndex$8;
+       var toLength$g = toLength$q;
 
-       // `RegExp.prototype.toString` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype.tostring
-       if (NOT_GENERIC || INCORRECT_NAME) {
-         redefine(RegExp.prototype, TO_STRING$1, function toString() {
-           var R = anObject(this);
-           var p = String(R.source);
-           var rf = R.flags;
-           var f = String(rf === undefined && R instanceof RegExp && !('flags' in RegExpPrototype) ? regexpFlags.call(R) : rf);
-           return '/' + p + '/' + f;
-         }, { unsafe: true });
-       }
+       var min$7 = Math.min;
 
-       // `String.prototype.{ codePointAt, at }` methods implementation
-       var createMethod$2 = function (CONVERT_TO_STRING) {
-         return function ($this, pos) {
-           var S = String(requireObjectCoercible($this));
-           var position = toInteger(pos);
-           var size = S.length;
-           var first, second;
-           if (position < 0 || position >= size) return CONVERT_TO_STRING ? '' : undefined;
-           first = S.charCodeAt(position);
-           return first < 0xD800 || first > 0xDBFF || position + 1 === size
-             || (second = S.charCodeAt(position + 1)) < 0xDC00 || second > 0xDFFF
-               ? CONVERT_TO_STRING ? S.charAt(position) : first
-               : CONVERT_TO_STRING ? S.slice(position, position + 2) : (first - 0xD800 << 10) + (second - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
-         };
+       // `Array.prototype.copyWithin` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.copywithin
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-prototype-copywithin -- safe
+       var arrayCopyWithin = [].copyWithin || function copyWithin(target /* = 0 */, start /* = 0, end = @length */) {
+         var O = toObject$b(this);
+         var len = toLength$g(O.length);
+         var to = toAbsoluteIndex$4(target, len);
+         var from = toAbsoluteIndex$4(start, len);
+         var end = arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined;
+         var count = min$7((end === undefined ? len : toAbsoluteIndex$4(end, len)) - from, len - to);
+         var inc = 1;
+         if (from < to && to < from + count) {
+           inc = -1;
+           from += count - 1;
+           to += count - 1;
+         }
+         while (count-- > 0) {
+           if (from in O) O[to] = O[from];
+           else delete O[to];
+           to += inc;
+           from += inc;
+         } return O;
        };
 
-       var stringMultibyte = {
-         // `String.prototype.codePointAt` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.codepointat
-         codeAt: createMethod$2(false),
-         // `String.prototype.at` method
-         // https://github.com/mathiasbynens/String.prototype.at
-         charAt: createMethod$2(true)
-       };
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$l = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $copyWithin = arrayCopyWithin;
 
-       var charAt = stringMultibyte.charAt;
+       var aTypedArray$l = ArrayBufferViewCore$l.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$m = ArrayBufferViewCore$l.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.copyWithin` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.copywithin
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$m('copyWithin', function copyWithin(target, start /* , end */) {
+         return $copyWithin.call(aTypedArray$l(this), target, start, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+       });
 
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$k = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $every$1 = arrayIteration.every;
 
-       var STRING_ITERATOR = 'String Iterator';
-       var setInternalState$4 = internalState.set;
-       var getInternalState$4 = internalState.getterFor(STRING_ITERATOR);
+       var aTypedArray$k = ArrayBufferViewCore$k.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$l = ArrayBufferViewCore$k.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       // `String.prototype[@@iterator]` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype-@@iterator
-       defineIterator(String, 'String', function (iterated) {
-         setInternalState$4(this, {
-           type: STRING_ITERATOR,
-           string: String(iterated),
-           index: 0
-         });
-       // `%StringIteratorPrototype%.next` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%stringiteratorprototype%.next
-       }, function next() {
-         var state = getInternalState$4(this);
-         var string = state.string;
-         var index = state.index;
-         var point;
-         if (index >= string.length) return { value: undefined, done: true };
-         point = charAt(string, index);
-         state.index += point.length;
-         return { value: point, done: false };
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.every` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.every
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$l('every', function every(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $every$1(aTypedArray$k(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
        });
 
-       // TODO: Remove from `core-js@4` since it's moved to entry points
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$j = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $fill = arrayFill$1;
 
+       var aTypedArray$j = ArrayBufferViewCore$j.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$k = ArrayBufferViewCore$j.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.fill` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.fill
+       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$k('fill', function fill(value /* , start, end */) {
+         return $fill.apply(aTypedArray$j(this), arguments);
+       });
+
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor$2 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArrayConstructor;
+       var speciesConstructor$5 = speciesConstructor$8;
+
+       var typedArrayFromSpeciesAndList = function (instance, list) {
+         var C = speciesConstructor$5(instance, instance.constructor);
+         var index = 0;
+         var length = list.length;
+         var result = new (aTypedArrayConstructor$2(C))(length);
+         while (length > index) result[index] = list[index++];
+         return result;
+       };
 
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$i = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $filter$1 = arrayIteration.filter;
+       var fromSpeciesAndList = typedArrayFromSpeciesAndList;
 
+       var aTypedArray$i = ArrayBufferViewCore$i.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$j = ArrayBufferViewCore$i.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.filter` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.filter
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$j('filter', function filter(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         var list = $filter$1(aTypedArray$i(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         return fromSpeciesAndList(this, list);
+       });
 
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$h = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $find$1 = arrayIteration.find;
 
-       var SPECIES$6 = wellKnownSymbol('species');
+       var aTypedArray$h = ArrayBufferViewCore$h.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$i = ArrayBufferViewCore$h.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       var REPLACE_SUPPORTS_NAMED_GROUPS = !fails(function () {
-         // #replace needs built-in support for named groups.
-         // #match works fine because it just return the exec results, even if it has
-         // a "grops" property.
-         var re = /./;
-         re.exec = function () {
-           var result = [];
-           result.groups = { a: '7' };
-           return result;
-         };
-         return ''.replace(re, '$<a>') !== '7';
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.find` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.find
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$i('find', function find(predicate /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $find$1(aTypedArray$h(this), predicate, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
        });
 
-       // IE <= 11 replaces $0 with the whole match, as if it was $&
-       // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6024666/getting-ie-to-replace-a-regex-with-the-literal-string-0
-       var REPLACE_KEEPS_$0 = (function () {
-         return 'a'.replace(/./, '$0') === '$0';
-       })();
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$g = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $findIndex$1 = arrayIteration.findIndex;
 
-       var REPLACE = wellKnownSymbol('replace');
-       // Safari <= 13.0.3(?) substitutes nth capture where n>m with an empty string
-       var REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE = (function () {
-         if (/./[REPLACE]) {
-           return /./[REPLACE]('a', '$0') === '';
-         }
-         return false;
-       })();
+       var aTypedArray$g = ArrayBufferViewCore$g.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$h = ArrayBufferViewCore$g.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       // Chrome 51 has a buggy "split" implementation when RegExp#exec !== nativeExec
-       // Weex JS has frozen built-in prototypes, so use try / catch wrapper
-       var SPLIT_WORKS_WITH_OVERWRITTEN_EXEC = !fails(function () {
-         var re = /(?:)/;
-         var originalExec = re.exec;
-         re.exec = function () { return originalExec.apply(this, arguments); };
-         var result = 'ab'.split(re);
-         return result.length !== 2 || result[0] !== 'a' || result[1] !== 'b';
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.findIndex` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.findindex
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$h('findIndex', function findIndex(predicate /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $findIndex$1(aTypedArray$g(this), predicate, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
        });
 
-       var fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic = function (KEY, length, exec, sham) {
-         var SYMBOL = wellKnownSymbol(KEY);
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$f = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $forEach = arrayIteration.forEach;
 
-         var DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL = !fails(function () {
-           // String methods call symbol-named RegEp methods
-           var O = {};
-           O[SYMBOL] = function () { return 7; };
-           return ''[KEY](O) != 7;
-         });
+       var aTypedArray$f = ArrayBufferViewCore$f.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$g = ArrayBufferViewCore$f.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-         var DELEGATES_TO_EXEC = DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL && !fails(function () {
-           // Symbol-named RegExp methods call .exec
-           var execCalled = false;
-           var re = /a/;
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.forEach` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.foreach
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$g('forEach', function forEach(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         $forEach(aTypedArray$f(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
 
-           if (KEY === 'split') {
-             // We can't use real regex here since it causes deoptimization
-             // and serious performance degradation in V8
-             // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/306
-             re = {};
-             // RegExp[@@split] doesn't call the regex's exec method, but first creates
-             // a new one. We need to return the patched regex when creating the new one.
-             re.constructor = {};
-             re.constructor[SPECIES$6] = function () { return re; };
-             re.flags = '';
-             re[SYMBOL] = /./[SYMBOL];
-           }
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$e = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $includes$1 = arrayIncludes.includes;
 
-           re.exec = function () { execCalled = true; return null; };
+       var aTypedArray$e = ArrayBufferViewCore$e.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$f = ArrayBufferViewCore$e.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-           re[SYMBOL]('');
-           return !execCalled;
-         });
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.includes` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.includes
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$f('includes', function includes(searchElement /* , fromIndex */) {
+         return $includes$1(aTypedArray$e(this), searchElement, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
 
-         if (
-           !DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL ||
-           !DELEGATES_TO_EXEC ||
-           (KEY === 'replace' && !(
-             REPLACE_SUPPORTS_NAMED_GROUPS &&
-             REPLACE_KEEPS_$0 &&
-             !REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE
-           )) ||
-           (KEY === 'split' && !SPLIT_WORKS_WITH_OVERWRITTEN_EXEC)
-         ) {
-           var nativeRegExpMethod = /./[SYMBOL];
-           var methods = exec(SYMBOL, ''[KEY], function (nativeMethod, regexp, str, arg2, forceStringMethod) {
-             if (regexp.exec === regexpExec) {
-               if (DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL && !forceStringMethod) {
-                 // The native String method already delegates to @@method (this
-                 // polyfilled function), leasing to infinite recursion.
-                 // We avoid it by directly calling the native @@method method.
-                 return { done: true, value: nativeRegExpMethod.call(regexp, str, arg2) };
-               }
-               return { done: true, value: nativeMethod.call(str, regexp, arg2) };
-             }
-             return { done: false };
-           }, {
-             REPLACE_KEEPS_$0: REPLACE_KEEPS_$0,
-             REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE: REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE
-           });
-           var stringMethod = methods[0];
-           var regexMethod = methods[1];
-
-           redefine(String.prototype, KEY, stringMethod);
-           redefine(RegExp.prototype, SYMBOL, length == 2
-             // 21.2.5.8 RegExp.prototype[@@replace](string, replaceValue)
-             // 21.2.5.11 RegExp.prototype[@@split](string, limit)
-             ? function (string, arg) { return regexMethod.call(string, this, arg); }
-             // 21.2.5.6 RegExp.prototype[@@match](string)
-             // 21.2.5.9 RegExp.prototype[@@search](string)
-             : function (string) { return regexMethod.call(string, this); }
-           );
-         }
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$d = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $indexOf = arrayIncludes.indexOf;
 
-         if (sham) createNonEnumerableProperty(RegExp.prototype[SYMBOL], 'sham', true);
-       };
+       var aTypedArray$d = ArrayBufferViewCore$d.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$e = ArrayBufferViewCore$d.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       var charAt$1 = stringMultibyte.charAt;
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.indexOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.indexof
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$e('indexOf', function indexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex */) {
+         return $indexOf(aTypedArray$d(this), searchElement, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
 
-       // `AdvanceStringIndex` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-advancestringindex
-       var advanceStringIndex = function (S, index, unicode) {
-         return index + (unicode ? charAt$1(S, index).length : 1);
-       };
+       var global$e = global$F;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$c = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var ArrayIterators = es_array_iterator;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$9 = wellKnownSymbol$s;
 
-       // `RegExpExec` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-regexpexec
-       var regexpExecAbstract = function (R, S) {
-         var exec = R.exec;
-         if (typeof exec === 'function') {
-           var result = exec.call(R, S);
-           if (typeof result !== 'object') {
-             throw TypeError('RegExp exec method returned something other than an Object or null');
-           }
-           return result;
-         }
+       var ITERATOR$2 = wellKnownSymbol$9('iterator');
+       var Uint8Array$2 = global$e.Uint8Array;
+       var arrayValues = ArrayIterators.values;
+       var arrayKeys = ArrayIterators.keys;
+       var arrayEntries = ArrayIterators.entries;
+       var aTypedArray$c = ArrayBufferViewCore$c.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$d = ArrayBufferViewCore$c.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var nativeTypedArrayIterator = Uint8Array$2 && Uint8Array$2.prototype[ITERATOR$2];
 
-         if (classofRaw(R) !== 'RegExp') {
-           throw TypeError('RegExp#exec called on incompatible receiver');
-         }
+       var CORRECT_ITER_NAME = !!nativeTypedArrayIterator
+         && (nativeTypedArrayIterator.name == 'values' || nativeTypedArrayIterator.name == undefined);
 
-         return regexpExec.call(R, S);
+       var typedArrayValues = function values() {
+         return arrayValues.call(aTypedArray$c(this));
        };
 
-       var max$2 = Math.max;
-       var min$2 = Math.min;
-       var floor$2 = Math.floor;
-       var SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS = /\$([$&'`]|\d\d?|<[^>]*>)/g;
-       var SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS_NO_NAMED = /\$([$&'`]|\d\d?)/g;
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.entries` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.entries
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$d('entries', function entries() {
+         return arrayEntries.call(aTypedArray$c(this));
+       });
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.keys` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.keys
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$d('keys', function keys() {
+         return arrayKeys.call(aTypedArray$c(this));
+       });
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.values` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.values
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$d('values', typedArrayValues, !CORRECT_ITER_NAME);
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype[@@iterator]` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype-@@iterator
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$d(ITERATOR$2, typedArrayValues, !CORRECT_ITER_NAME);
 
-       var maybeToString = function (it) {
-         return it === undefined ? it : String(it);
-       };
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$b = arrayBufferViewCore;
 
-       // @@replace logic
-       fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic('replace', 2, function (REPLACE, nativeReplace, maybeCallNative, reason) {
-         var REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE = reason.REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE;
-         var REPLACE_KEEPS_$0 = reason.REPLACE_KEEPS_$0;
-         var UNSAFE_SUBSTITUTE = REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE ? '$' : '$0';
+       var aTypedArray$b = ArrayBufferViewCore$b.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$c = ArrayBufferViewCore$b.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var $join = [].join;
 
-         return [
-           // `String.prototype.replace` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.replace
-           function replace(searchValue, replaceValue) {
-             var O = requireObjectCoercible(this);
-             var replacer = searchValue == undefined ? undefined : searchValue[REPLACE];
-             return replacer !== undefined
-               ? replacer.call(searchValue, O, replaceValue)
-               : nativeReplace.call(String(O), searchValue, replaceValue);
-           },
-           // `RegExp.prototype[@@replace]` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@replace
-           function (regexp, replaceValue) {
-             if (
-               (!REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE && REPLACE_KEEPS_$0) ||
-               (typeof replaceValue === 'string' && replaceValue.indexOf(UNSAFE_SUBSTITUTE) === -1)
-             ) {
-               var res = maybeCallNative(nativeReplace, regexp, this, replaceValue);
-               if (res.done) return res.value;
-             }
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.join` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.join
+       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$c('join', function join(separator) {
+         return $join.apply(aTypedArray$b(this), arguments);
+       });
 
-             var rx = anObject(regexp);
-             var S = String(this);
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-array-prototype-lastindexof -- safe */
+       var toIndexedObject$4 = toIndexedObject$b;
+       var toInteger$4 = toInteger$b;
+       var toLength$f = toLength$q;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$5 = arrayMethodIsStrict$8;
 
-             var functionalReplace = typeof replaceValue === 'function';
-             if (!functionalReplace) replaceValue = String(replaceValue);
+       var min$6 = Math.min;
+       var $lastIndexOf$1 = [].lastIndexOf;
+       var NEGATIVE_ZERO = !!$lastIndexOf$1 && 1 / [1].lastIndexOf(1, -0) < 0;
+       var STRICT_METHOD$5 = arrayMethodIsStrict$5('lastIndexOf');
+       var FORCED$e = NEGATIVE_ZERO || !STRICT_METHOD$5;
 
-             var global = rx.global;
-             if (global) {
-               var fullUnicode = rx.unicode;
-               rx.lastIndex = 0;
-             }
-             var results = [];
-             while (true) {
-               var result = regexpExecAbstract(rx, S);
-               if (result === null) break;
-
-               results.push(result);
-               if (!global) break;
-
-               var matchStr = String(result[0]);
-               if (matchStr === '') rx.lastIndex = advanceStringIndex(S, toLength(rx.lastIndex), fullUnicode);
-             }
+       // `Array.prototype.lastIndexOf` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.lastindexof
+       var arrayLastIndexOf = FORCED$e ? function lastIndexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex = @[*-1] */) {
+         // convert -0 to +0
+         if (NEGATIVE_ZERO) return $lastIndexOf$1.apply(this, arguments) || 0;
+         var O = toIndexedObject$4(this);
+         var length = toLength$f(O.length);
+         var index = length - 1;
+         if (arguments.length > 1) index = min$6(index, toInteger$4(arguments[1]));
+         if (index < 0) index = length + index;
+         for (;index >= 0; index--) if (index in O && O[index] === searchElement) return index || 0;
+         return -1;
+       } : $lastIndexOf$1;
 
-             var accumulatedResult = '';
-             var nextSourcePosition = 0;
-             for (var i = 0; i < results.length; i++) {
-               result = results[i];
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$a = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $lastIndexOf = arrayLastIndexOf;
 
-               var matched = String(result[0]);
-               var position = max$2(min$2(toInteger(result.index), S.length), 0);
-               var captures = [];
-               // NOTE: This is equivalent to
-               //   captures = result.slice(1).map(maybeToString)
-               // but for some reason `nativeSlice.call(result, 1, result.length)` (called in
-               // the slice polyfill when slicing native arrays) "doesn't work" in safari 9 and
-               // causes a crash (https://pastebin.com/N21QzeQA) when trying to debug it.
-               for (var j = 1; j < result.length; j++) captures.push(maybeToString(result[j]));
-               var namedCaptures = result.groups;
-               if (functionalReplace) {
-                 var replacerArgs = [matched].concat(captures, position, S);
-                 if (namedCaptures !== undefined) replacerArgs.push(namedCaptures);
-                 var replacement = String(replaceValue.apply(undefined, replacerArgs));
-               } else {
-                 replacement = getSubstitution(matched, S, position, captures, namedCaptures, replaceValue);
-               }
-               if (position >= nextSourcePosition) {
-                 accumulatedResult += S.slice(nextSourcePosition, position) + replacement;
-                 nextSourcePosition = position + matched.length;
-               }
-             }
-             return accumulatedResult + S.slice(nextSourcePosition);
-           }
-         ];
+       var aTypedArray$a = ArrayBufferViewCore$a.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$b = ArrayBufferViewCore$a.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-getsubstitution
-         function getSubstitution(matched, str, position, captures, namedCaptures, replacement) {
-           var tailPos = position + matched.length;
-           var m = captures.length;
-           var symbols = SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS_NO_NAMED;
-           if (namedCaptures !== undefined) {
-             namedCaptures = toObject(namedCaptures);
-             symbols = SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS;
-           }
-           return nativeReplace.call(replacement, symbols, function (match, ch) {
-             var capture;
-             switch (ch.charAt(0)) {
-               case '$': return '$';
-               case '&': return matched;
-               case '`': return str.slice(0, position);
-               case "'": return str.slice(tailPos);
-               case '<':
-                 capture = namedCaptures[ch.slice(1, -1)];
-                 break;
-               default: // \d\d?
-                 var n = +ch;
-                 if (n === 0) return match;
-                 if (n > m) {
-                   var f = floor$2(n / 10);
-                   if (f === 0) return match;
-                   if (f <= m) return captures[f - 1] === undefined ? ch.charAt(1) : captures[f - 1] + ch.charAt(1);
-                   return match;
-                 }
-                 capture = captures[n - 1];
-             }
-             return capture === undefined ? '' : capture;
-           });
-         }
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.lastIndexOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.lastindexof
+       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$b('lastIndexOf', function lastIndexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex */) {
+         return $lastIndexOf.apply(aTypedArray$a(this), arguments);
        });
 
-       var MATCH = wellKnownSymbol('match');
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$9 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $map = arrayIteration.map;
+       var speciesConstructor$4 = speciesConstructor$8;
 
-       // `IsRegExp` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-isregexp
-       var isRegexp = function (it) {
-         var isRegExp;
-         return isObject(it) && ((isRegExp = it[MATCH]) !== undefined ? !!isRegExp : classofRaw(it) == 'RegExp');
-       };
+       var aTypedArray$9 = ArrayBufferViewCore$9.aTypedArray;
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor$1 = ArrayBufferViewCore$9.aTypedArrayConstructor;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$a = ArrayBufferViewCore$9.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       var arrayPush = [].push;
-       var min$3 = Math.min;
-       var MAX_UINT32 = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.map` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.map
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$a('map', function map(mapfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $map(aTypedArray$9(this), mapfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, function (O, length) {
+           return new (aTypedArrayConstructor$1(speciesConstructor$4(O, O.constructor)))(length);
+         });
+       });
 
-       // babel-minify transpiles RegExp('x', 'y') -> /x/y and it causes SyntaxError
-       var SUPPORTS_Y = !fails(function () { return !RegExp(MAX_UINT32, 'y'); });
+       var aFunction$4 = aFunction$9;
+       var toObject$a = toObject$i;
+       var IndexedObject$2 = indexedObject;
+       var toLength$e = toLength$q;
 
-       // @@split logic
-       fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic('split', 2, function (SPLIT, nativeSplit, maybeCallNative) {
-         var internalSplit;
-         if (
-           'abbc'.split(/(b)*/)[1] == 'c' ||
-           'test'.split(/(?:)/, -1).length != 4 ||
-           'ab'.split(/(?:ab)*/).length != 2 ||
-           '.'.split(/(.?)(.?)/).length != 4 ||
-           '.'.split(/()()/).length > 1 ||
-           ''.split(/.?/).length
-         ) {
-           // based on es5-shim implementation, need to rework it
-           internalSplit = function (separator, limit) {
-             var string = String(requireObjectCoercible(this));
-             var lim = limit === undefined ? MAX_UINT32 : limit >>> 0;
-             if (lim === 0) return [];
-             if (separator === undefined) return [string];
-             // If `separator` is not a regex, use native split
-             if (!isRegexp(separator)) {
-               return nativeSplit.call(string, separator, lim);
-             }
-             var output = [];
-             var flags = (separator.ignoreCase ? 'i' : '') +
-                         (separator.multiline ? 'm' : '') +
-                         (separator.unicode ? 'u' : '') +
-                         (separator.sticky ? 'y' : '');
-             var lastLastIndex = 0;
-             // Make `global` and avoid `lastIndex` issues by working with a copy
-             var separatorCopy = new RegExp(separator.source, flags + 'g');
-             var match, lastIndex, lastLength;
-             while (match = regexpExec.call(separatorCopy, string)) {
-               lastIndex = separatorCopy.lastIndex;
-               if (lastIndex > lastLastIndex) {
-                 output.push(string.slice(lastLastIndex, match.index));
-                 if (match.length > 1 && match.index < string.length) arrayPush.apply(output, match.slice(1));
-                 lastLength = match[0].length;
-                 lastLastIndex = lastIndex;
-                 if (output.length >= lim) break;
-               }
-               if (separatorCopy.lastIndex === match.index) separatorCopy.lastIndex++; // Avoid an infinite loop
+       // `Array.prototype.{ reduce, reduceRight }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod$3 = function (IS_RIGHT) {
+         return function (that, callbackfn, argumentsLength, memo) {
+           aFunction$4(callbackfn);
+           var O = toObject$a(that);
+           var self = IndexedObject$2(O);
+           var length = toLength$e(O.length);
+           var index = IS_RIGHT ? length - 1 : 0;
+           var i = IS_RIGHT ? -1 : 1;
+           if (argumentsLength < 2) while (true) {
+             if (index in self) {
+               memo = self[index];
+               index += i;
+               break;
              }
-             if (lastLastIndex === string.length) {
-               if (lastLength || !separatorCopy.test('')) output.push('');
-             } else output.push(string.slice(lastLastIndex));
-             return output.length > lim ? output.slice(0, lim) : output;
-           };
-         // Chakra, V8
-         } else if ('0'.split(undefined, 0).length) {
-           internalSplit = function (separator, limit) {
-             return separator === undefined && limit === 0 ? [] : nativeSplit.call(this, separator, limit);
-           };
-         } else internalSplit = nativeSplit;
-
-         return [
-           // `String.prototype.split` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.split
-           function split(separator, limit) {
-             var O = requireObjectCoercible(this);
-             var splitter = separator == undefined ? undefined : separator[SPLIT];
-             return splitter !== undefined
-               ? splitter.call(separator, O, limit)
-               : internalSplit.call(String(O), separator, limit);
-           },
-           // `RegExp.prototype[@@split]` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@split
-           //
-           // NOTE: This cannot be properly polyfilled in engines that don't support
-           // the 'y' flag.
-           function (regexp, limit) {
-             var res = maybeCallNative(internalSplit, regexp, this, limit, internalSplit !== nativeSplit);
-             if (res.done) return res.value;
-
-             var rx = anObject(regexp);
-             var S = String(this);
-             var C = speciesConstructor(rx, RegExp);
-
-             var unicodeMatching = rx.unicode;
-             var flags = (rx.ignoreCase ? 'i' : '') +
-                         (rx.multiline ? 'm' : '') +
-                         (rx.unicode ? 'u' : '') +
-                         (SUPPORTS_Y ? 'y' : 'g');
-
-             // ^(? + rx + ) is needed, in combination with some S slicing, to
-             // simulate the 'y' flag.
-             var splitter = new C(SUPPORTS_Y ? rx : '^(?:' + rx.source + ')', flags);
-             var lim = limit === undefined ? MAX_UINT32 : limit >>> 0;
-             if (lim === 0) return [];
-             if (S.length === 0) return regexpExecAbstract(splitter, S) === null ? [S] : [];
-             var p = 0;
-             var q = 0;
-             var A = [];
-             while (q < S.length) {
-               splitter.lastIndex = SUPPORTS_Y ? q : 0;
-               var z = regexpExecAbstract(splitter, SUPPORTS_Y ? S : S.slice(q));
-               var e;
-               if (
-                 z === null ||
-                 (e = min$3(toLength(splitter.lastIndex + (SUPPORTS_Y ? 0 : q)), S.length)) === p
-               ) {
-                 q = advanceStringIndex(S, q, unicodeMatching);
-               } else {
-                 A.push(S.slice(p, q));
-                 if (A.length === lim) return A;
-                 for (var i = 1; i <= z.length - 1; i++) {
-                   A.push(z[i]);
-                   if (A.length === lim) return A;
-                 }
-                 q = p = e;
-               }
+             index += i;
+             if (IS_RIGHT ? index < 0 : length <= index) {
+               throw TypeError('Reduce of empty array with no initial value');
              }
-             A.push(S.slice(p));
-             return A;
            }
-         ];
-       }, !SUPPORTS_Y);
-
-       // a string of all valid unicode whitespaces
-       // eslint-disable-next-line max-len
-       var whitespaces = '\u0009\u000A\u000B\u000C\u000D\u0020\u00A0\u1680\u2000\u2001\u2002\u2003\u2004\u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200A\u202F\u205F\u3000\u2028\u2029\uFEFF';
-
-       var whitespace = '[' + whitespaces + ']';
-       var ltrim = RegExp('^' + whitespace + whitespace + '*');
-       var rtrim = RegExp(whitespace + whitespace + '*$');
-
-       // `String.prototype.{ trim, trimStart, trimEnd, trimLeft, trimRight }` methods implementation
-       var createMethod$3 = function (TYPE) {
-         return function ($this) {
-           var string = String(requireObjectCoercible($this));
-           if (TYPE & 1) string = string.replace(ltrim, '');
-           if (TYPE & 2) string = string.replace(rtrim, '');
-           return string;
+           for (;IS_RIGHT ? index >= 0 : length > index; index += i) if (index in self) {
+             memo = callbackfn(memo, self[index], index, O);
+           }
+           return memo;
          };
        };
 
-       var stringTrim = {
-         // `String.prototype.{ trimLeft, trimStart }` methods
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trimstart
-         start: createMethod$3(1),
-         // `String.prototype.{ trimRight, trimEnd }` methods
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trimend
-         end: createMethod$3(2),
-         // `String.prototype.trim` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trim
-         trim: createMethod$3(3)
-       };
-
-       var non = '\u200B\u0085\u180E';
-
-       // check that a method works with the correct list
-       // of whitespaces and has a correct name
-       var stringTrimForced = function (METHOD_NAME) {
-         return fails(function () {
-           return !!whitespaces[METHOD_NAME]() || non[METHOD_NAME]() != non || whitespaces[METHOD_NAME].name !== METHOD_NAME;
-         });
+       var arrayReduce = {
+         // `Array.prototype.reduce` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduce
+         left: createMethod$3(false),
+         // `Array.prototype.reduceRight` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduceright
+         right: createMethod$3(true)
        };
 
-       var $trim = stringTrim.trim;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$8 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $reduce$1 = arrayReduce.left;
 
+       var aTypedArray$8 = ArrayBufferViewCore$8.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$9 = ArrayBufferViewCore$8.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       // `String.prototype.trim` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trim
-       _export({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: stringTrimForced('trim') }, {
-         trim: function trim() {
-           return $trim(this);
-         }
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.reduce` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reduce
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$9('reduce', function reduce(callbackfn /* , initialValue */) {
+         return $reduce$1(aTypedArray$8(this), callbackfn, arguments.length, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
        });
 
-       /* eslint-disable no-new */
-
-
-
-       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$2 = arrayBufferViewCore.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$7 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $reduceRight = arrayReduce.right;
 
-       var ArrayBuffer$3 = global_1.ArrayBuffer;
-       var Int8Array$2 = global_1.Int8Array;
+       var aTypedArray$7 = ArrayBufferViewCore$7.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$8 = ArrayBufferViewCore$7.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       var typedArrayConstructorsRequireWrappers = !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$2 || !fails(function () {
-         Int8Array$2(1);
-       }) || !fails(function () {
-         new Int8Array$2(-1);
-       }) || !checkCorrectnessOfIteration(function (iterable) {
-         new Int8Array$2();
-         new Int8Array$2(null);
-         new Int8Array$2(1.5);
-         new Int8Array$2(iterable);
-       }, true) || fails(function () {
-         // Safari (11+) bug - a reason why even Safari 13 should load a typed array polyfill
-         return new Int8Array$2(new ArrayBuffer$3(2), 1, undefined).length !== 1;
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.reduceRicht` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reduceright
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$8('reduceRight', function reduceRight(callbackfn /* , initialValue */) {
+         return $reduceRight(aTypedArray$7(this), callbackfn, arguments.length, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
        });
 
-       var toPositiveInteger = function (it) {
-         var result = toInteger(it);
-         if (result < 0) throw RangeError("The argument can't be less than 0");
-         return result;
-       };
-
-       var toOffset = function (it, BYTES) {
-         var offset = toPositiveInteger(it);
-         if (offset % BYTES) throw RangeError('Wrong offset');
-         return offset;
-       };
-
-       var aTypedArrayConstructor$1 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArrayConstructor;
-
-       var typedArrayFrom = function from(source /* , mapfn, thisArg */) {
-         var O = toObject(source);
-         var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
-         var mapfn = argumentsLength > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
-         var mapping = mapfn !== undefined;
-         var iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod(O);
-         var i, length, result, step, iterator, next;
-         if (iteratorMethod != undefined && !isArrayIteratorMethod(iteratorMethod)) {
-           iterator = iteratorMethod.call(O);
-           next = iterator.next;
-           O = [];
-           while (!(step = next.call(iterator)).done) {
-             O.push(step.value);
-           }
-         }
-         if (mapping && argumentsLength > 2) {
-           mapfn = functionBindContext(mapfn, arguments[2], 2);
-         }
-         length = toLength(O.length);
-         result = new (aTypedArrayConstructor$1(this))(length);
-         for (i = 0; length > i; i++) {
-           result[i] = mapping ? mapfn(O[i], i) : O[i];
-         }
-         return result;
-       };
-
-       // makes subclassing work correct for wrapped built-ins
-       var inheritIfRequired = function ($this, dummy, Wrapper) {
-         var NewTarget, NewTargetPrototype;
-         if (
-           // it can work only with native `setPrototypeOf`
-           objectSetPrototypeOf &&
-           // we haven't completely correct pre-ES6 way for getting `new.target`, so use this
-           typeof (NewTarget = dummy.constructor) == 'function' &&
-           NewTarget !== Wrapper &&
-           isObject(NewTargetPrototype = NewTarget.prototype) &&
-           NewTargetPrototype !== Wrapper.prototype
-         ) objectSetPrototypeOf($this, NewTargetPrototype);
-         return $this;
-       };
-
-       var typedArrayConstructor = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$6 = arrayBufferViewCore;
 
+       var aTypedArray$6 = ArrayBufferViewCore$6.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$7 = ArrayBufferViewCore$6.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var floor$5 = Math.floor;
 
-       var getOwnPropertyNames = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.reverse` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reverse
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$7('reverse', function reverse() {
+         var that = this;
+         var length = aTypedArray$6(that).length;
+         var middle = floor$5(length / 2);
+         var index = 0;
+         var value;
+         while (index < middle) {
+           value = that[index];
+           that[index++] = that[--length];
+           that[length] = value;
+         } return that;
+       });
 
-       var forEach = arrayIteration.forEach;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$5 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var toLength$d = toLength$q;
+       var toOffset = toOffset$2;
+       var toObject$9 = toObject$i;
+       var fails$x = fails$N;
 
+       var aTypedArray$5 = ArrayBufferViewCore$5.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$6 = ArrayBufferViewCore$5.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
+       var FORCED$d = fails$x(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-typed-arrays -- required for testing
+         new Int8Array(1).set({});
+       });
 
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.set` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.set
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$6('set', function set(arrayLike /* , offset */) {
+         aTypedArray$5(this);
+         var offset = toOffset(arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, 1);
+         var length = this.length;
+         var src = toObject$9(arrayLike);
+         var len = toLength$d(src.length);
+         var index = 0;
+         if (len + offset > length) throw RangeError('Wrong length');
+         while (index < len) this[offset + index] = src[index++];
+       }, FORCED$d);
 
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$4 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var speciesConstructor$3 = speciesConstructor$8;
+       var fails$w = fails$N;
 
+       var aTypedArray$4 = ArrayBufferViewCore$4.aTypedArray;
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor = ArrayBufferViewCore$4.aTypedArrayConstructor;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$5 = ArrayBufferViewCore$4.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var $slice$1 = [].slice;
 
-       var getInternalState = internalState.get;
-       var setInternalState = internalState.set;
-       var nativeDefineProperty = objectDefineProperty.f;
-       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
-       var round = Math.round;
-       var RangeError = global_1.RangeError;
-       var ArrayBuffer = arrayBuffer.ArrayBuffer;
-       var DataView = arrayBuffer.DataView;
-       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS = arrayBufferViewCore.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS;
-       var TYPED_ARRAY_TAG = arrayBufferViewCore.TYPED_ARRAY_TAG;
-       var TypedArray = arrayBufferViewCore.TypedArray;
-       var TypedArrayPrototype = arrayBufferViewCore.TypedArrayPrototype;
-       var aTypedArrayConstructor = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArrayConstructor;
-       var isTypedArray = arrayBufferViewCore.isTypedArray;
-       var BYTES_PER_ELEMENT = 'BYTES_PER_ELEMENT';
-       var WRONG_LENGTH = 'Wrong length';
+       var FORCED$c = fails$w(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-typed-arrays -- required for testing
+         new Int8Array(1).slice();
+       });
 
-       var fromList = function (C, list) {
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.slice` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.slice
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$5('slice', function slice(start, end) {
+         var list = $slice$1.call(aTypedArray$4(this), start, end);
+         var C = speciesConstructor$3(this, this.constructor);
          var index = 0;
          var length = list.length;
          var result = new (aTypedArrayConstructor(C))(length);
          while (length > index) result[index] = list[index++];
          return result;
-       };
+       }, FORCED$c);
 
-       var addGetter = function (it, key) {
-         nativeDefineProperty(it, key, { get: function () {
-           return getInternalState(this)[key];
-         } });
-       };
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$3 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $some$1 = arrayIteration.some;
 
-       var isArrayBuffer = function (it) {
-         var klass;
-         return it instanceof ArrayBuffer || (klass = classof(it)) == 'ArrayBuffer' || klass == 'SharedArrayBuffer';
-       };
+       var aTypedArray$3 = ArrayBufferViewCore$3.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$4 = ArrayBufferViewCore$3.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       var isTypedArrayIndex = function (target, key) {
-         return isTypedArray(target)
-           && typeof key != 'symbol'
-           && key in target
-           && String(+key) == String(key);
-       };
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.some` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.some
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$4('some', function some(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $some$1(aTypedArray$3(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
 
-       var wrappedGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, key) {
-         return isTypedArrayIndex(target, key = toPrimitive(key, true))
-           ? createPropertyDescriptor(2, target[key])
-           : nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, key);
-       };
+       // TODO: use something more complex like timsort?
+       var floor$4 = Math.floor;
 
-       var wrappedDefineProperty = function defineProperty(target, key, descriptor) {
-         if (isTypedArrayIndex(target, key = toPrimitive(key, true))
-           && isObject(descriptor)
-           && has(descriptor, 'value')
-           && !has(descriptor, 'get')
-           && !has(descriptor, 'set')
-           // TODO: add validation descriptor w/o calling accessors
-           && !descriptor.configurable
-           && (!has(descriptor, 'writable') || descriptor.writable)
-           && (!has(descriptor, 'enumerable') || descriptor.enumerable)
-         ) {
-           target[key] = descriptor.value;
-           return target;
-         } return nativeDefineProperty(target, key, descriptor);
+       var mergeSort = function (array, comparefn) {
+         var length = array.length;
+         var middle = floor$4(length / 2);
+         return length < 8 ? insertionSort(array, comparefn) : merge$5(
+           mergeSort(array.slice(0, middle), comparefn),
+           mergeSort(array.slice(middle), comparefn),
+           comparefn
+         );
        };
 
-       if (descriptors) {
-         if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS) {
-           objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f = wrappedGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
-           objectDefineProperty.f = wrappedDefineProperty;
-           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype, 'buffer');
-           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype, 'byteOffset');
-           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype, 'byteLength');
-           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype, 'length');
-         }
+       var insertionSort = function (array, comparefn) {
+         var length = array.length;
+         var i = 1;
+         var element, j;
 
-         _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS }, {
-           getOwnPropertyDescriptor: wrappedGetOwnPropertyDescriptor,
-           defineProperty: wrappedDefineProperty
-         });
+         while (i < length) {
+           j = i;
+           element = array[i];
+           while (j && comparefn(array[j - 1], element) > 0) {
+             array[j] = array[--j];
+           }
+           if (j !== i++) array[j] = element;
+         } return array;
+       };
 
-         module.exports = function (TYPE, wrapper, CLAMPED) {
-           var BYTES = TYPE.match(/\d+$/)[0] / 8;
-           var CONSTRUCTOR_NAME = TYPE + (CLAMPED ? 'Clamped' : '') + 'Array';
-           var GETTER = 'get' + TYPE;
-           var SETTER = 'set' + TYPE;
-           var NativeTypedArrayConstructor = global_1[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME];
-           var TypedArrayConstructor = NativeTypedArrayConstructor;
-           var TypedArrayConstructorPrototype = TypedArrayConstructor && TypedArrayConstructor.prototype;
-           var exported = {};
+       var merge$5 = function (left, right, comparefn) {
+         var llength = left.length;
+         var rlength = right.length;
+         var lindex = 0;
+         var rindex = 0;
+         var result = [];
 
-           var getter = function (that, index) {
-             var data = getInternalState(that);
-             return data.view[GETTER](index * BYTES + data.byteOffset, true);
-           };
+         while (lindex < llength || rindex < rlength) {
+           if (lindex < llength && rindex < rlength) {
+             result.push(comparefn(left[lindex], right[rindex]) <= 0 ? left[lindex++] : right[rindex++]);
+           } else {
+             result.push(lindex < llength ? left[lindex++] : right[rindex++]);
+           }
+         } return result;
+       };
 
-           var setter = function (that, index, value) {
-             var data = getInternalState(that);
-             if (CLAMPED) value = (value = round(value)) < 0 ? 0 : value > 0xFF ? 0xFF : value & 0xFF;
-             data.view[SETTER](index * BYTES + data.byteOffset, value, true);
-           };
+       var arraySort = mergeSort;
 
-           var addElement = function (that, index) {
-             nativeDefineProperty(that, index, {
-               get: function () {
-                 return getter(this, index);
-               },
-               set: function (value) {
-                 return setter(this, index, value);
-               },
-               enumerable: true
-             });
-           };
+       var userAgent$2 = engineUserAgent;
 
-           if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS) {
-             TypedArrayConstructor = wrapper(function (that, data, offset, $length) {
-               anInstance(that, TypedArrayConstructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
-               var index = 0;
-               var byteOffset = 0;
-               var buffer, byteLength, length;
-               if (!isObject(data)) {
-                 length = toIndex(data);
-                 byteLength = length * BYTES;
-                 buffer = new ArrayBuffer(byteLength);
-               } else if (isArrayBuffer(data)) {
-                 buffer = data;
-                 byteOffset = toOffset(offset, BYTES);
-                 var $len = data.byteLength;
-                 if ($length === undefined) {
-                   if ($len % BYTES) throw RangeError(WRONG_LENGTH);
-                   byteLength = $len - byteOffset;
-                   if (byteLength < 0) throw RangeError(WRONG_LENGTH);
-                 } else {
-                   byteLength = toLength($length) * BYTES;
-                   if (byteLength + byteOffset > $len) throw RangeError(WRONG_LENGTH);
-                 }
-                 length = byteLength / BYTES;
-               } else if (isTypedArray(data)) {
-                 return fromList(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
-               } else {
-                 return typedArrayFrom.call(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
-               }
-               setInternalState(that, {
-                 buffer: buffer,
-                 byteOffset: byteOffset,
-                 byteLength: byteLength,
-                 length: length,
-                 view: new DataView(buffer)
-               });
-               while (index < length) addElement(that, index++);
-             });
+       var firefox = userAgent$2.match(/firefox\/(\d+)/i);
 
-             if (objectSetPrototypeOf) objectSetPrototypeOf(TypedArrayConstructor, TypedArray);
-             TypedArrayConstructorPrototype = TypedArrayConstructor.prototype = objectCreate(TypedArrayPrototype);
-           } else if (typedArrayConstructorsRequireWrappers) {
-             TypedArrayConstructor = wrapper(function (dummy, data, typedArrayOffset, $length) {
-               anInstance(dummy, TypedArrayConstructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
-               return inheritIfRequired(function () {
-                 if (!isObject(data)) return new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(toIndex(data));
-                 if (isArrayBuffer(data)) return $length !== undefined
-                   ? new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(data, toOffset(typedArrayOffset, BYTES), $length)
-                   : typedArrayOffset !== undefined
-                     ? new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(data, toOffset(typedArrayOffset, BYTES))
-                     : new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(data);
-                 if (isTypedArray(data)) return fromList(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
-                 return typedArrayFrom.call(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
-               }(), dummy, TypedArrayConstructor);
-             });
+       var engineFfVersion = !!firefox && +firefox[1];
 
-             if (objectSetPrototypeOf) objectSetPrototypeOf(TypedArrayConstructor, TypedArray);
-             forEach(getOwnPropertyNames(NativeTypedArrayConstructor), function (key) {
-               if (!(key in TypedArrayConstructor)) {
-                 createNonEnumerableProperty(TypedArrayConstructor, key, NativeTypedArrayConstructor[key]);
-               }
-             });
-             TypedArrayConstructor.prototype = TypedArrayConstructorPrototype;
-           }
+       var UA = engineUserAgent;
 
-           if (TypedArrayConstructorPrototype.constructor !== TypedArrayConstructor) {
-             createNonEnumerableProperty(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, 'constructor', TypedArrayConstructor);
-           }
+       var engineIsIeOrEdge = /MSIE|Trident/.test(UA);
 
-           if (TYPED_ARRAY_TAG) {
-             createNonEnumerableProperty(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, TYPED_ARRAY_TAG, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
-           }
+       var userAgent$1 = engineUserAgent;
 
-           exported[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME] = TypedArrayConstructor;
+       var webkit = userAgent$1.match(/AppleWebKit\/(\d+)\./);
 
-           _export({
-             global: true, forced: TypedArrayConstructor != NativeTypedArrayConstructor, sham: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS
-           }, exported);
+       var engineWebkitVersion = !!webkit && +webkit[1];
 
-           if (!(BYTES_PER_ELEMENT in TypedArrayConstructor)) {
-             createNonEnumerableProperty(TypedArrayConstructor, BYTES_PER_ELEMENT, BYTES);
-           }
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$2 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var global$d = global$F;
+       var fails$v = fails$N;
+       var aFunction$3 = aFunction$9;
+       var toLength$c = toLength$q;
+       var internalSort$1 = arraySort;
+       var FF$1 = engineFfVersion;
+       var IE_OR_EDGE$1 = engineIsIeOrEdge;
+       var V8$1 = engineV8Version;
+       var WEBKIT$1 = engineWebkitVersion;
 
-           if (!(BYTES_PER_ELEMENT in TypedArrayConstructorPrototype)) {
-             createNonEnumerableProperty(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, BYTES_PER_ELEMENT, BYTES);
-           }
+       var aTypedArray$2 = ArrayBufferViewCore$2.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$3 = ArrayBufferViewCore$2.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var Uint16Array = global$d.Uint16Array;
+       var nativeSort$1 = Uint16Array && Uint16Array.prototype.sort;
 
-           setSpecies(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
-         };
-       } else module.exports = function () { /* empty */ };
+       // WebKit
+       var ACCEPT_INCORRECT_ARGUMENTS = !!nativeSort$1 && !fails$v(function () {
+         var array = new Uint16Array(2);
+         array.sort(null);
+         array.sort({});
        });
 
-       // `Uint8Array` constructor
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-typedarray-objects
-       typedArrayConstructor('Uint8', function (init) {
-         return function Uint8Array(data, byteOffset, length) {
-           return init(this, data, byteOffset, length);
-         };
-       });
+       var STABLE_SORT$1 = !!nativeSort$1 && !fails$v(function () {
+         // feature detection can be too slow, so check engines versions
+         if (V8$1) return V8$1 < 74;
+         if (FF$1) return FF$1 < 67;
+         if (IE_OR_EDGE$1) return true;
+         if (WEBKIT$1) return WEBKIT$1 < 602;
 
-       var min$4 = Math.min;
+         var array = new Uint16Array(516);
+         var expected = Array(516);
+         var index, mod;
 
-       // `Array.prototype.copyWithin` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.copywithin
-       var arrayCopyWithin = [].copyWithin || function copyWithin(target /* = 0 */, start /* = 0, end = @length */) {
-         var O = toObject(this);
-         var len = toLength(O.length);
-         var to = toAbsoluteIndex(target, len);
-         var from = toAbsoluteIndex(start, len);
-         var end = arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined;
-         var count = min$4((end === undefined ? len : toAbsoluteIndex(end, len)) - from, len - to);
-         var inc = 1;
-         if (from < to && to < from + count) {
-           inc = -1;
-           from += count - 1;
-           to += count - 1;
+         for (index = 0; index < 516; index++) {
+           mod = index % 4;
+           array[index] = 515 - index;
+           expected[index] = index - 2 * mod + 3;
          }
-         while (count-- > 0) {
-           if (from in O) O[to] = O[from];
-           else delete O[to];
-           to += inc;
-           from += inc;
-         } return O;
-       };
 
-       var aTypedArray$1 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$1 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+         array.sort(function (a, b) {
+           return (a / 4 | 0) - (b / 4 | 0);
+         });
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.copyWithin` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.copywithin
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$1('copyWithin', function copyWithin(target, start /* , end */) {
-         return arrayCopyWithin.call(aTypedArray$1(this), target, start, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+         for (index = 0; index < 516; index++) {
+           if (array[index] !== expected[index]) return true;
+         }
        });
 
-       var $every = arrayIteration.every;
+       var getSortCompare$1 = function (comparefn) {
+         return function (x, y) {
+           if (comparefn !== undefined) return +comparefn(x, y) || 0;
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           if (y !== y) return -1;
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           if (x !== x) return 1;
+           if (x === 0 && y === 0) return 1 / x > 0 && 1 / y < 0 ? 1 : -1;
+           return x > y;
+         };
+       };
 
-       var aTypedArray$2 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$2 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.sort` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.sort
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$3('sort', function sort(comparefn) {
+         var array = this;
+         if (comparefn !== undefined) aFunction$3(comparefn);
+         if (STABLE_SORT$1) return nativeSort$1.call(array, comparefn);
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.every` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.every
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$2('every', function every(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
-         return $every(aTypedArray$2(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-       });
+         aTypedArray$2(array);
+         var arrayLength = toLength$c(array.length);
+         var items = Array(arrayLength);
+         var index;
 
-       var aTypedArray$3 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$3 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+         for (index = 0; index < arrayLength; index++) {
+           items[index] = array[index];
+         }
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.fill` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.fill
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$3('fill', function fill(value /* , start, end */) {
-         return arrayFill.apply(aTypedArray$3(this), arguments);
-       });
+         items = internalSort$1(array, getSortCompare$1(comparefn));
 
-       var $filter = arrayIteration.filter;
+         for (index = 0; index < arrayLength; index++) {
+           array[index] = items[index];
+         }
 
+         return array;
+       }, !STABLE_SORT$1 || ACCEPT_INCORRECT_ARGUMENTS);
 
-       var aTypedArray$4 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var aTypedArrayConstructor$2 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArrayConstructor;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$4 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$1 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var toLength$b = toLength$q;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$3 = toAbsoluteIndex$8;
+       var speciesConstructor$2 = speciesConstructor$8;
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.filter` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.filter
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$4('filter', function filter(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
-         var list = $filter(aTypedArray$4(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-         var C = speciesConstructor(this, this.constructor);
-         var index = 0;
-         var length = list.length;
-         var result = new (aTypedArrayConstructor$2(C))(length);
-         while (length > index) result[index] = list[index++];
-         return result;
+       var aTypedArray$1 = ArrayBufferViewCore$1.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$2 = ArrayBufferViewCore$1.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.subarray` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.subarray
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$2('subarray', function subarray(begin, end) {
+         var O = aTypedArray$1(this);
+         var length = O.length;
+         var beginIndex = toAbsoluteIndex$3(begin, length);
+         return new (speciesConstructor$2(O, O.constructor))(
+           O.buffer,
+           O.byteOffset + beginIndex * O.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT,
+           toLength$b((end === undefined ? length : toAbsoluteIndex$3(end, length)) - beginIndex)
+         );
        });
 
-       var $find = arrayIteration.find;
+       var global$c = global$F;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var fails$u = fails$N;
 
-       var aTypedArray$5 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$5 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var Int8Array$1 = global$c.Int8Array;
+       var aTypedArray = ArrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$1 = ArrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var $toLocaleString = [].toLocaleString;
+       var $slice = [].slice;
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.find` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.find
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$5('find', function find(predicate /* , thisArg */) {
-         return $find(aTypedArray$5(this), predicate, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       // iOS Safari 6.x fails here
+       var TO_LOCALE_STRING_BUG = !!Int8Array$1 && fails$u(function () {
+         $toLocaleString.call(new Int8Array$1(1));
        });
 
-       var $findIndex = arrayIteration.findIndex;
-
-       var aTypedArray$6 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$6 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.findIndex` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.findindex
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$6('findIndex', function findIndex(predicate /* , thisArg */) {
-         return $findIndex(aTypedArray$6(this), predicate, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       var FORCED$b = fails$u(function () {
+         return [1, 2].toLocaleString() != new Int8Array$1([1, 2]).toLocaleString();
+       }) || !fails$u(function () {
+         Int8Array$1.prototype.toLocaleString.call([1, 2]);
        });
 
-       var $forEach$2 = arrayIteration.forEach;
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.toLocaleString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.tolocalestring
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$1('toLocaleString', function toLocaleString() {
+         return $toLocaleString.apply(TO_LOCALE_STRING_BUG ? $slice.call(aTypedArray(this)) : aTypedArray(this), arguments);
+       }, FORCED$b);
 
-       var aTypedArray$7 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$7 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var fails$t = fails$N;
+       var global$b = global$F;
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.forEach` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.foreach
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$7('forEach', function forEach(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
-         $forEach$2(aTypedArray$7(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-       });
+       var Uint8Array$1 = global$b.Uint8Array;
+       var Uint8ArrayPrototype = Uint8Array$1 && Uint8Array$1.prototype || {};
+       var arrayToString = [].toString;
+       var arrayJoin = [].join;
 
-       var $includes = arrayIncludes.includes;
+       if (fails$t(function () { arrayToString.call({}); })) {
+         arrayToString = function toString() {
+           return arrayJoin.call(this);
+         };
+       }
 
-       var aTypedArray$8 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$8 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var IS_NOT_ARRAY_METHOD = Uint8ArrayPrototype.toString != arrayToString;
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.includes` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.includes
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$8('includes', function includes(searchElement /* , fromIndex */) {
-         return $includes(aTypedArray$8(this), searchElement, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-       });
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.toString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.tostring
+       exportTypedArrayMethod('toString', arrayToString, IS_NOT_ARRAY_METHOD);
 
-       var $indexOf$1 = arrayIncludes.indexOf;
+       var $$T = _export;
+       var IndexedObject$1 = indexedObject;
+       var toIndexedObject$3 = toIndexedObject$b;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$4 = arrayMethodIsStrict$8;
 
-       var aTypedArray$9 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$9 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var nativeJoin = [].join;
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.indexOf` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.indexof
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$9('indexOf', function indexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex */) {
-         return $indexOf$1(aTypedArray$9(this), searchElement, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-       });
+       var ES3_STRINGS = IndexedObject$1 != Object;
+       var STRICT_METHOD$4 = arrayMethodIsStrict$4('join', ',');
 
-       var ITERATOR$5 = wellKnownSymbol('iterator');
-       var Uint8Array$1 = global_1.Uint8Array;
-       var arrayValues = es_array_iterator.values;
-       var arrayKeys = es_array_iterator.keys;
-       var arrayEntries = es_array_iterator.entries;
-       var aTypedArray$a = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$a = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-       var nativeTypedArrayIterator = Uint8Array$1 && Uint8Array$1.prototype[ITERATOR$5];
+       // `Array.prototype.join` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.join
+       $$T({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: ES3_STRINGS || !STRICT_METHOD$4 }, {
+         join: function join(separator) {
+           return nativeJoin.call(toIndexedObject$3(this), separator === undefined ? ',' : separator);
+         }
+       });
 
-       var CORRECT_ITER_NAME = !!nativeTypedArrayIterator
-         && (nativeTypedArrayIterator.name == 'values' || nativeTypedArrayIterator.name == undefined);
+       var toPrimitive$2 = toPrimitive$7;
+       var definePropertyModule = objectDefineProperty;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$1 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
 
-       var typedArrayValues = function values() {
-         return arrayValues.call(aTypedArray$a(this));
+       var createProperty$4 = function (object, key, value) {
+         var propertyKey = toPrimitive$2(key);
+         if (propertyKey in object) definePropertyModule.f(object, propertyKey, createPropertyDescriptor$1(0, value));
+         else object[propertyKey] = value;
        };
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.entries` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.entries
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$a('entries', function entries() {
-         return arrayEntries.call(aTypedArray$a(this));
-       });
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.keys` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.keys
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$a('keys', function keys() {
-         return arrayKeys.call(aTypedArray$a(this));
-       });
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.values` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.values
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$a('values', typedArrayValues, !CORRECT_ITER_NAME);
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype[@@iterator]` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype-@@iterator
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$a(ITERATOR$5, typedArrayValues, !CORRECT_ITER_NAME);
-
-       var aTypedArray$b = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$b = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-       var $join = [].join;
+       var $$S = _export;
+       var isObject$d = isObject$r;
+       var isArray$2 = isArray$6;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$2 = toAbsoluteIndex$8;
+       var toLength$a = toLength$q;
+       var toIndexedObject$2 = toIndexedObject$b;
+       var createProperty$3 = createProperty$4;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$8 = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$3 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
 
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.join` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.join
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$b('join', function join(separator) {
-         return $join.apply(aTypedArray$b(this), arguments);
-       });
+       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$2 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$3('slice');
 
-       var min$5 = Math.min;
-       var nativeLastIndexOf = [].lastIndexOf;
-       var NEGATIVE_ZERO$1 = !!nativeLastIndexOf && 1 / [1].lastIndexOf(1, -0) < 0;
-       var STRICT_METHOD$3 = arrayMethodIsStrict('lastIndexOf');
-       // For preventing possible almost infinite loop in non-standard implementations, test the forward version of the method
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$4 = arrayMethodUsesToLength('indexOf', { ACCESSORS: true, 1: 0 });
-       var FORCED$1 = NEGATIVE_ZERO$1 || !STRICT_METHOD$3 || !USES_TO_LENGTH$4;
-
-       // `Array.prototype.lastIndexOf` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.lastindexof
-       var arrayLastIndexOf = FORCED$1 ? function lastIndexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex = @[*-1] */) {
-         // convert -0 to +0
-         if (NEGATIVE_ZERO$1) return nativeLastIndexOf.apply(this, arguments) || 0;
-         var O = toIndexedObject(this);
-         var length = toLength(O.length);
-         var index = length - 1;
-         if (arguments.length > 1) index = min$5(index, toInteger(arguments[1]));
-         if (index < 0) index = length + index;
-         for (;index >= 0; index--) if (index in O && O[index] === searchElement) return index || 0;
-         return -1;
-       } : nativeLastIndexOf;
-
-       var aTypedArray$c = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$c = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.lastIndexOf` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.lastindexof
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$c('lastIndexOf', function lastIndexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex */) {
-         return arrayLastIndexOf.apply(aTypedArray$c(this), arguments);
-       });
-
-       var $map$1 = arrayIteration.map;
-
-
-       var aTypedArray$d = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var aTypedArrayConstructor$3 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArrayConstructor;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$d = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.map` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.map
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$d('map', function map(mapfn /* , thisArg */) {
-         return $map$1(aTypedArray$d(this), mapfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, function (O, length) {
-           return new (aTypedArrayConstructor$3(speciesConstructor(O, O.constructor)))(length);
-         });
-       });
+       var SPECIES$1 = wellKnownSymbol$8('species');
+       var nativeSlice = [].slice;
+       var max$3 = Math.max;
 
-       // `Array.prototype.{ reduce, reduceRight }` methods implementation
-       var createMethod$4 = function (IS_RIGHT) {
-         return function (that, callbackfn, argumentsLength, memo) {
-           aFunction$1(callbackfn);
-           var O = toObject(that);
-           var self = indexedObject(O);
-           var length = toLength(O.length);
-           var index = IS_RIGHT ? length - 1 : 0;
-           var i = IS_RIGHT ? -1 : 1;
-           if (argumentsLength < 2) while (true) {
-             if (index in self) {
-               memo = self[index];
-               index += i;
-               break;
-             }
-             index += i;
-             if (IS_RIGHT ? index < 0 : length <= index) {
-               throw TypeError('Reduce of empty array with no initial value');
+       // `Array.prototype.slice` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.slice
+       // fallback for not array-like ES3 strings and DOM objects
+       $$S({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$2 }, {
+         slice: function slice(start, end) {
+           var O = toIndexedObject$2(this);
+           var length = toLength$a(O.length);
+           var k = toAbsoluteIndex$2(start, length);
+           var fin = toAbsoluteIndex$2(end === undefined ? length : end, length);
+           // inline `ArraySpeciesCreate` for usage native `Array#slice` where it's possible
+           var Constructor, result, n;
+           if (isArray$2(O)) {
+             Constructor = O.constructor;
+             // cross-realm fallback
+             if (typeof Constructor == 'function' && (Constructor === Array || isArray$2(Constructor.prototype))) {
+               Constructor = undefined;
+             } else if (isObject$d(Constructor)) {
+               Constructor = Constructor[SPECIES$1];
+               if (Constructor === null) Constructor = undefined;
              }
-           }
-           for (;IS_RIGHT ? index >= 0 : length > index; index += i) if (index in self) {
-             memo = callbackfn(memo, self[index], index, O);
-           }
-           return memo;
-         };
-       };
-
-       var arrayReduce = {
-         // `Array.prototype.reduce` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduce
-         left: createMethod$4(false),
-         // `Array.prototype.reduceRight` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduceright
-         right: createMethod$4(true)
-       };
-
-       var $reduce = arrayReduce.left;
-
-       var aTypedArray$e = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$e = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.reduce` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reduce
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$e('reduce', function reduce(callbackfn /* , initialValue */) {
-         return $reduce(aTypedArray$e(this), callbackfn, arguments.length, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-       });
-
-       var $reduceRight = arrayReduce.right;
-
-       var aTypedArray$f = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$f = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.reduceRicht` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reduceright
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$f('reduceRight', function reduceRight(callbackfn /* , initialValue */) {
-         return $reduceRight(aTypedArray$f(this), callbackfn, arguments.length, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-       });
-
-       var aTypedArray$g = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$g = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-       var floor$3 = Math.floor;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.reverse` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reverse
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$g('reverse', function reverse() {
-         var that = this;
-         var length = aTypedArray$g(that).length;
-         var middle = floor$3(length / 2);
-         var index = 0;
-         var value;
-         while (index < middle) {
-           value = that[index];
-           that[index++] = that[--length];
-           that[length] = value;
-         } return that;
-       });
-
-       var aTypedArray$h = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$h = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-
-       var FORCED$2 = fails(function () {
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
-         new Int8Array(1).set({});
-       });
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.set` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.set
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$h('set', function set(arrayLike /* , offset */) {
-         aTypedArray$h(this);
-         var offset = toOffset(arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, 1);
-         var length = this.length;
-         var src = toObject(arrayLike);
-         var len = toLength(src.length);
-         var index = 0;
-         if (len + offset > length) throw RangeError('Wrong length');
-         while (index < len) this[offset + index] = src[index++];
-       }, FORCED$2);
-
-       var aTypedArray$i = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var aTypedArrayConstructor$4 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArrayConstructor;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$i = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-       var $slice = [].slice;
-
-       var FORCED$3 = fails(function () {
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
-         new Int8Array(1).slice();
-       });
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.slice` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.slice
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$i('slice', function slice(start, end) {
-         var list = $slice.call(aTypedArray$i(this), start, end);
-         var C = speciesConstructor(this, this.constructor);
-         var index = 0;
-         var length = list.length;
-         var result = new (aTypedArrayConstructor$4(C))(length);
-         while (length > index) result[index] = list[index++];
-         return result;
-       }, FORCED$3);
-
-       var $some = arrayIteration.some;
-
-       var aTypedArray$j = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$j = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.some` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.some
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$j('some', function some(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
-         return $some(aTypedArray$j(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-       });
-
-       var aTypedArray$k = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$k = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-       var $sort = [].sort;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.sort` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.sort
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$k('sort', function sort(comparefn) {
-         return $sort.call(aTypedArray$k(this), comparefn);
-       });
-
-       var aTypedArray$l = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$l = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.subarray` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.subarray
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$l('subarray', function subarray(begin, end) {
-         var O = aTypedArray$l(this);
-         var length = O.length;
-         var beginIndex = toAbsoluteIndex(begin, length);
-         return new (speciesConstructor(O, O.constructor))(
-           O.buffer,
-           O.byteOffset + beginIndex * O.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT,
-           toLength((end === undefined ? length : toAbsoluteIndex(end, length)) - beginIndex)
-         );
-       });
-
-       var Int8Array$3 = global_1.Int8Array;
-       var aTypedArray$m = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$m = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-       var $toLocaleString = [].toLocaleString;
-       var $slice$1 = [].slice;
-
-       // iOS Safari 6.x fails here
-       var TO_LOCALE_STRING_BUG = !!Int8Array$3 && fails(function () {
-         $toLocaleString.call(new Int8Array$3(1));
-       });
-
-       var FORCED$4 = fails(function () {
-         return [1, 2].toLocaleString() != new Int8Array$3([1, 2]).toLocaleString();
-       }) || !fails(function () {
-         Int8Array$3.prototype.toLocaleString.call([1, 2]);
-       });
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.toLocaleString` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.tolocalestring
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$m('toLocaleString', function toLocaleString() {
-         return $toLocaleString.apply(TO_LOCALE_STRING_BUG ? $slice$1.call(aTypedArray$m(this)) : aTypedArray$m(this), arguments);
-       }, FORCED$4);
-
-       var exportTypedArrayMethod$n = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
-
-
-
-       var Uint8Array$2 = global_1.Uint8Array;
-       var Uint8ArrayPrototype = Uint8Array$2 && Uint8Array$2.prototype || {};
-       var arrayToString = [].toString;
-       var arrayJoin = [].join;
-
-       if (fails(function () { arrayToString.call({}); })) {
-         arrayToString = function toString() {
-           return arrayJoin.call(this);
-         };
-       }
-
-       var IS_NOT_ARRAY_METHOD = Uint8ArrayPrototype.toString != arrayToString;
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.toString` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.tostring
-       exportTypedArrayMethod$n('toString', arrayToString, IS_NOT_ARRAY_METHOD);
-
-       // iterable DOM collections
-       // flag - `iterable` interface - 'entries', 'keys', 'values', 'forEach' methods
-       var domIterables = {
-         CSSRuleList: 0,
-         CSSStyleDeclaration: 0,
-         CSSValueList: 0,
-         ClientRectList: 0,
-         DOMRectList: 0,
-         DOMStringList: 0,
-         DOMTokenList: 1,
-         DataTransferItemList: 0,
-         FileList: 0,
-         HTMLAllCollection: 0,
-         HTMLCollection: 0,
-         HTMLFormElement: 0,
-         HTMLSelectElement: 0,
-         MediaList: 0,
-         MimeTypeArray: 0,
-         NamedNodeMap: 0,
-         NodeList: 1,
-         PaintRequestList: 0,
-         Plugin: 0,
-         PluginArray: 0,
-         SVGLengthList: 0,
-         SVGNumberList: 0,
-         SVGPathSegList: 0,
-         SVGPointList: 0,
-         SVGStringList: 0,
-         SVGTransformList: 0,
-         SourceBufferList: 0,
-         StyleSheetList: 0,
-         TextTrackCueList: 0,
-         TextTrackList: 0,
-         TouchList: 0
-       };
-
-       for (var COLLECTION_NAME in domIterables) {
-         var Collection = global_1[COLLECTION_NAME];
-         var CollectionPrototype = Collection && Collection.prototype;
-         // some Chrome versions have non-configurable methods on DOMTokenList
-         if (CollectionPrototype && CollectionPrototype.forEach !== arrayForEach) try {
-           createNonEnumerableProperty(CollectionPrototype, 'forEach', arrayForEach);
-         } catch (error) {
-           CollectionPrototype.forEach = arrayForEach;
-         }
-       }
-
-       var ITERATOR$6 = wellKnownSymbol('iterator');
-       var TO_STRING_TAG$4 = wellKnownSymbol('toStringTag');
-       var ArrayValues = es_array_iterator.values;
-
-       for (var COLLECTION_NAME$1 in domIterables) {
-         var Collection$1 = global_1[COLLECTION_NAME$1];
-         var CollectionPrototype$1 = Collection$1 && Collection$1.prototype;
-         if (CollectionPrototype$1) {
-           // some Chrome versions have non-configurable methods on DOMTokenList
-           if (CollectionPrototype$1[ITERATOR$6] !== ArrayValues) try {
-             createNonEnumerableProperty(CollectionPrototype$1, ITERATOR$6, ArrayValues);
-           } catch (error) {
-             CollectionPrototype$1[ITERATOR$6] = ArrayValues;
-           }
-           if (!CollectionPrototype$1[TO_STRING_TAG$4]) {
-             createNonEnumerableProperty(CollectionPrototype$1, TO_STRING_TAG$4, COLLECTION_NAME$1);
-           }
-           if (domIterables[COLLECTION_NAME$1]) for (var METHOD_NAME in es_array_iterator) {
-             // some Chrome versions have non-configurable methods on DOMTokenList
-             if (CollectionPrototype$1[METHOD_NAME] !== es_array_iterator[METHOD_NAME]) try {
-               createNonEnumerableProperty(CollectionPrototype$1, METHOD_NAME, es_array_iterator[METHOD_NAME]);
-             } catch (error) {
-               CollectionPrototype$1[METHOD_NAME] = es_array_iterator[METHOD_NAME];
+             if (Constructor === Array || Constructor === undefined) {
+               return nativeSlice.call(O, k, fin);
              }
            }
+           result = new (Constructor === undefined ? Array : Constructor)(max$3(fin - k, 0));
+           for (n = 0; k < fin; k++, n++) if (k in O) createProperty$3(result, n, O[k]);
+           result.length = n;
+           return result;
          }
-       }
-
-       var slice = [].slice;
-       var MSIE = /MSIE .\./.test(engineUserAgent); // <- dirty ie9- check
-
-       var wrap$1 = function (scheduler) {
-         return function (handler, timeout /* , ...arguments */) {
-           var boundArgs = arguments.length > 2;
-           var args = boundArgs ? slice.call(arguments, 2) : undefined;
-           return scheduler(boundArgs ? function () {
-             // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func
-             (typeof handler == 'function' ? handler : Function(handler)).apply(this, args);
-           } : handler, timeout);
-         };
-       };
-
-       // ie9- setTimeout & setInterval additional parameters fix
-       // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/timers-and-user-prompts.html#timers
-       _export({ global: true, bind: true, forced: MSIE }, {
-         // `setTimeout` method
-         // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/timers-and-user-prompts.html#dom-settimeout
-         setTimeout: wrap$1(global_1.setTimeout),
-         // `setInterval` method
-         // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/timers-and-user-prompts.html#dom-setinterval
-         setInterval: wrap$1(global_1.setInterval)
        });
 
-       var ITERATOR$7 = wellKnownSymbol('iterator');
+       var fails$s = fails$N;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$7 = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var IS_PURE = isPure;
 
-       var nativeUrl = !fails(function () {
+       var ITERATOR$1 = wellKnownSymbol$7('iterator');
+
+       var nativeUrl = !fails$s(function () {
          var url = new URL('b?a=1&b=2&c=3', 'http://a');
          var searchParams = url.searchParams;
          var result = '';
            searchParams['delete']('b');
            result += key + value;
          });
-         return (isPure && !url.toJSON)
+         return (IS_PURE && !url.toJSON)
            || !searchParams.sort
            || url.href !== 'http://a/c%20d?a=1&c=3'
            || searchParams.get('c') !== '3'
            || String(new URLSearchParams('?a=1')) !== 'a=1'
-           || !searchParams[ITERATOR$7]
+           || !searchParams[ITERATOR$1]
            // throws in Edge
            || new URL('https://a@b').username !== 'a'
            || new URLSearchParams(new URLSearchParams('a=b')).get('a') !== 'b'
            || new URL('http://x', undefined).host !== 'x';
        });
 
-       var nativeAssign = Object.assign;
-       var defineProperty$7 = Object.defineProperty;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$b = descriptors;
+       var fails$r = fails$N;
+       var objectKeys$1 = objectKeys$4;
+       var getOwnPropertySymbolsModule = objectGetOwnPropertySymbols;
+       var propertyIsEnumerableModule = objectPropertyIsEnumerable;
+       var toObject$8 = toObject$i;
+       var IndexedObject = indexedObject;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-assign -- safe
+       var $assign = Object.assign;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- required for testing
+       var defineProperty$5 = Object.defineProperty;
 
        // `Object.assign` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.assign
-       var objectAssign = !nativeAssign || fails(function () {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.assign
+       var objectAssign = !$assign || fails$r(function () {
          // should have correct order of operations (Edge bug)
-         if (descriptors && nativeAssign({ b: 1 }, nativeAssign(defineProperty$7({}, 'a', {
+         if (DESCRIPTORS$b && $assign({ b: 1 }, $assign(defineProperty$5({}, 'a', {
            enumerable: true,
            get: function () {
-             defineProperty$7(this, 'b', {
+             defineProperty$5(this, 'b', {
                value: 3,
                enumerable: false
              });
          // should work with symbols and should have deterministic property order (V8 bug)
          var A = {};
          var B = {};
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-symbol -- safe
          var symbol = Symbol();
          var alphabet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrst';
          A[symbol] = 7;
          alphabet.split('').forEach(function (chr) { B[chr] = chr; });
-         return nativeAssign({}, A)[symbol] != 7 || objectKeys(nativeAssign({}, B)).join('') != alphabet;
-       }) ? function assign(target, source) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
-         var T = toObject(target);
+         return $assign({}, A)[symbol] != 7 || objectKeys$1($assign({}, B)).join('') != alphabet;
+       }) ? function assign(target, source) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         var T = toObject$8(target);
          var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
          var index = 1;
-         var getOwnPropertySymbols = objectGetOwnPropertySymbols.f;
-         var propertyIsEnumerable = objectPropertyIsEnumerable.f;
+         var getOwnPropertySymbols = getOwnPropertySymbolsModule.f;
+         var propertyIsEnumerable = propertyIsEnumerableModule.f;
          while (argumentsLength > index) {
-           var S = indexedObject(arguments[index++]);
-           var keys = getOwnPropertySymbols ? objectKeys(S).concat(getOwnPropertySymbols(S)) : objectKeys(S);
+           var S = IndexedObject(arguments[index++]);
+           var keys = getOwnPropertySymbols ? objectKeys$1(S).concat(getOwnPropertySymbols(S)) : objectKeys$1(S);
            var length = keys.length;
            var j = 0;
            var key;
            while (length > j) {
              key = keys[j++];
-             if (!descriptors || propertyIsEnumerable.call(S, key)) T[key] = S[key];
+             if (!DESCRIPTORS$b || propertyIsEnumerable.call(S, key)) T[key] = S[key];
            }
          } return T;
-       } : nativeAssign;
+       } : $assign;
+
+       var anObject$a = anObject$m;
+       var iteratorClose = iteratorClose$2;
+
+       // call something on iterator step with safe closing on error
+       var callWithSafeIterationClosing$1 = function (iterator, fn, value, ENTRIES) {
+         try {
+           return ENTRIES ? fn(anObject$a(value)[0], value[1]) : fn(value);
+         } catch (error) {
+           iteratorClose(iterator);
+           throw error;
+         }
+       };
+
+       var bind$6 = functionBindContext;
+       var toObject$7 = toObject$i;
+       var callWithSafeIterationClosing = callWithSafeIterationClosing$1;
+       var isArrayIteratorMethod = isArrayIteratorMethod$3;
+       var toLength$9 = toLength$q;
+       var createProperty$2 = createProperty$4;
+       var getIteratorMethod$2 = getIteratorMethod$5;
 
        // `Array.from` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.from
-       var arrayFrom = function from(arrayLike /* , mapfn = undefined, thisArg = undefined */) {
-         var O = toObject(arrayLike);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.from
+       var arrayFrom$1 = function from(arrayLike /* , mapfn = undefined, thisArg = undefined */) {
+         var O = toObject$7(arrayLike);
          var C = typeof this == 'function' ? this : Array;
          var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
          var mapfn = argumentsLength > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
          var mapping = mapfn !== undefined;
-         var iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod(O);
+         var iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod$2(O);
          var index = 0;
          var length, result, step, iterator, next, value;
-         if (mapping) mapfn = functionBindContext(mapfn, argumentsLength > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined, 2);
+         if (mapping) mapfn = bind$6(mapfn, argumentsLength > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined, 2);
          // if the target is not iterable or it's an array with the default iterator - use a simple case
          if (iteratorMethod != undefined && !(C == Array && isArrayIteratorMethod(iteratorMethod))) {
            iterator = iteratorMethod.call(O);
            result = new C();
            for (;!(step = next.call(iterator)).done; index++) {
              value = mapping ? callWithSafeIterationClosing(iterator, mapfn, [step.value, index], true) : step.value;
-             createProperty(result, index, value);
+             createProperty$2(result, index, value);
            }
          } else {
-           length = toLength(O.length);
+           length = toLength$9(O.length);
            result = new C(length);
            for (;length > index; index++) {
              value = mapping ? mapfn(O[index], index) : O[index];
-             createProperty(result, index, value);
+             createProperty$2(result, index, value);
            }
          }
          result.length = index;
        var regexSeparators = /[.\u3002\uFF0E\uFF61]/g; // RFC 3490 separators
        var OVERFLOW_ERROR = 'Overflow: input needs wider integers to process';
        var baseMinusTMin = base - tMin;
-       var floor$4 = Math.floor;
+       var floor$3 = Math.floor;
        var stringFromCharCode = String.fromCharCode;
 
        /**
         */
        var adapt = function (delta, numPoints, firstTime) {
          var k = 0;
-         delta = firstTime ? floor$4(delta / damp) : delta >> 1;
-         delta += floor$4(delta / numPoints);
+         delta = firstTime ? floor$3(delta / damp) : delta >> 1;
+         delta += floor$3(delta / numPoints);
          for (; delta > baseMinusTMin * tMax >> 1; k += base) {
-           delta = floor$4(delta / baseMinusTMin);
+           delta = floor$3(delta / baseMinusTMin);
          }
-         return floor$4(k + (baseMinusTMin + 1) * delta / (delta + skew));
+         return floor$3(k + (baseMinusTMin + 1) * delta / (delta + skew));
        };
 
        /**
         * Converts a string of Unicode symbols (e.g. a domain name label) to a
         * Punycode string of ASCII-only symbols.
         */
-       // eslint-disable-next-line  max-statements
+       // eslint-disable-next-line max-statements -- TODO
        var encode = function (input) {
          var output = [];
 
 
            // Increase `delta` enough to advance the decoder's <n,i> state to <m,0>, but guard against overflow.
            var handledCPCountPlusOne = handledCPCount + 1;
-           if (m - n > floor$4((maxInt - delta) / handledCPCountPlusOne)) {
+           if (m - n > floor$3((maxInt - delta) / handledCPCountPlusOne)) {
              throw RangeError(OVERFLOW_ERROR);
            }
 
                  var qMinusT = q - t;
                  var baseMinusT = base - t;
                  output.push(stringFromCharCode(digitToBasic(t + qMinusT % baseMinusT)));
-                 q = floor$4(qMinusT / baseMinusT);
+                 q = floor$3(qMinusT / baseMinusT);
                }
 
                output.push(stringFromCharCode(digitToBasic(q)));
          return encoded.join('.');
        };
 
-       var getIterator = function (it) {
-         var iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod(it);
+       var anObject$9 = anObject$m;
+       var getIteratorMethod$1 = getIteratorMethod$5;
+
+       var getIterator$1 = function (it) {
+         var iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod$1(it);
          if (typeof iteratorMethod != 'function') {
            throw TypeError(String(it) + ' is not iterable');
-         } return anObject(iteratorMethod.call(it));
+         } return anObject$9(iteratorMethod.call(it));
        };
 
        // TODO: in core-js@4, move /modules/ dependencies to public entries for better optimization by tools like `preset-env`
 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-       var $fetch$1 = getBuiltIn('fetch');
-       var Headers = getBuiltIn('Headers');
-       var ITERATOR$8 = wellKnownSymbol('iterator');
+       var $$R = _export;
+       var getBuiltIn$2 = getBuiltIn$9;
+       var USE_NATIVE_URL$1 = nativeUrl;
+       var redefine$7 = redefine$g.exports;
+       var redefineAll$1 = redefineAll$4;
+       var setToStringTag$4 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var createIteratorConstructor = createIteratorConstructor$2;
+       var InternalStateModule$2 = internalState;
+       var anInstance$3 = anInstance$7;
+       var hasOwn = has$j;
+       var bind$5 = functionBindContext;
+       var classof$4 = classof$b;
+       var anObject$8 = anObject$m;
+       var isObject$c = isObject$r;
+       var create$8 = objectCreate;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var getIterator = getIterator$1;
+       var getIteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod$5;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$6 = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+
+       var $fetch = getBuiltIn$2('fetch');
+       var Headers$1 = getBuiltIn$2('Headers');
+       var ITERATOR = wellKnownSymbol$6('iterator');
        var URL_SEARCH_PARAMS = 'URLSearchParams';
        var URL_SEARCH_PARAMS_ITERATOR = URL_SEARCH_PARAMS + 'Iterator';
-       var setInternalState$5 = internalState.set;
-       var getInternalParamsState = internalState.getterFor(URL_SEARCH_PARAMS);
-       var getInternalIteratorState = internalState.getterFor(URL_SEARCH_PARAMS_ITERATOR);
+       var setInternalState$2 = InternalStateModule$2.set;
+       var getInternalParamsState = InternalStateModule$2.getterFor(URL_SEARCH_PARAMS);
+       var getInternalIteratorState = InternalStateModule$2.getterFor(URL_SEARCH_PARAMS_ITERATOR);
 
        var plus = /\+/g;
        var sequences = Array(4);
          }
        };
 
-       var find = /[!'()~]|%20/g;
+       var find$1 = /[!'()~]|%20/g;
 
-       var replace = {
+       var replace$1 = {
          '!': '%21',
          "'": '%27',
          '(': '%28',
        };
 
        var replacer = function (match) {
-         return replace[match];
+         return replace$1[match];
        };
 
        var serialize = function (it) {
-         return encodeURIComponent(it).replace(find, replacer);
+         return encodeURIComponent(it).replace(find$1, replacer);
        };
 
        var parseSearchParams = function (result, query) {
        };
 
        var URLSearchParamsIterator = createIteratorConstructor(function Iterator(params, kind) {
-         setInternalState$5(this, {
+         setInternalState$2(this, {
            type: URL_SEARCH_PARAMS_ITERATOR,
            iterator: getIterator(getInternalParamsState(params).entries),
            kind: kind
        // `URLSearchParams` constructor
        // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-urlsearchparams
        var URLSearchParamsConstructor = function URLSearchParams(/* init */) {
-         anInstance(this, URLSearchParamsConstructor, URL_SEARCH_PARAMS);
+         anInstance$3(this, URLSearchParamsConstructor, URL_SEARCH_PARAMS);
          var init = arguments.length > 0 ? arguments[0] : undefined;
          var that = this;
          var entries = [];
          var iteratorMethod, iterator, next, step, entryIterator, entryNext, first, second, key;
 
-         setInternalState$5(that, {
+         setInternalState$2(that, {
            type: URL_SEARCH_PARAMS,
            entries: entries,
            updateURL: function () { /* empty */ },
          });
 
          if (init !== undefined) {
-           if (isObject(init)) {
+           if (isObject$c(init)) {
              iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod(init);
              if (typeof iteratorMethod === 'function') {
                iterator = iteratorMethod.call(init);
                next = iterator.next;
                while (!(step = next.call(iterator)).done) {
-                 entryIterator = getIterator(anObject(step.value));
+                 entryIterator = getIterator(anObject$8(step.value));
                  entryNext = entryIterator.next;
                  if (
                    (first = entryNext.call(entryIterator)).done ||
                  ) throw TypeError('Expected sequence with length 2');
                  entries.push({ key: first.value + '', value: second.value + '' });
                }
-             } else for (key in init) if (has(init, key)) entries.push({ key: key, value: init[key] + '' });
+             } else for (key in init) if (hasOwn(init, key)) entries.push({ key: key, value: init[key] + '' });
            } else {
              parseSearchParams(entries, typeof init === 'string' ? init.charAt(0) === '?' ? init.slice(1) : init : init + '');
            }
 
        var URLSearchParamsPrototype = URLSearchParamsConstructor.prototype;
 
-       redefineAll(URLSearchParamsPrototype, {
-         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.appent` method
+       redefineAll$1(URLSearchParamsPrototype, {
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.append` method
          // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-urlsearchparams-append
          append: function append(name, value) {
            validateArgumentsLength(arguments.length, 2);
          // `URLSearchParams.prototype.forEach` method
          forEach: function forEach(callback /* , thisArg */) {
            var entries = getInternalParamsState(this).entries;
-           var boundFunction = functionBindContext(callback, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, 3);
+           var boundFunction = bind$5(callback, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, 3);
            var index = 0;
            var entry;
            while (index < entries.length) {
        }, { enumerable: true });
 
        // `URLSearchParams.prototype[@@iterator]` method
-       redefine(URLSearchParamsPrototype, ITERATOR$8, URLSearchParamsPrototype.entries);
+       redefine$7(URLSearchParamsPrototype, ITERATOR, URLSearchParamsPrototype.entries);
 
        // `URLSearchParams.prototype.toString` method
        // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlsearchparams-stringification-behavior
-       redefine(URLSearchParamsPrototype, 'toString', function toString() {
+       redefine$7(URLSearchParamsPrototype, 'toString', function toString() {
          var entries = getInternalParamsState(this).entries;
          var result = [];
          var index = 0;
          } return result.join('&');
        }, { enumerable: true });
 
-       setToStringTag(URLSearchParamsConstructor, URL_SEARCH_PARAMS);
+       setToStringTag$4(URLSearchParamsConstructor, URL_SEARCH_PARAMS);
 
-       _export({ global: true, forced: !nativeUrl }, {
+       $$R({ global: true, forced: !USE_NATIVE_URL$1 }, {
          URLSearchParams: URLSearchParamsConstructor
        });
 
        // Wrap `fetch` for correct work with polyfilled `URLSearchParams`
        // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/674
-       if (!nativeUrl && typeof $fetch$1 == 'function' && typeof Headers == 'function') {
-         _export({ global: true, enumerable: true, forced: true }, {
+       if (!USE_NATIVE_URL$1 && typeof $fetch == 'function' && typeof Headers$1 == 'function') {
+         $$R({ global: true, enumerable: true, forced: true }, {
            fetch: function fetch(input /* , init */) {
              var args = [input];
              var init, body, headers;
              if (arguments.length > 1) {
                init = arguments[1];
-               if (isObject(init)) {
+               if (isObject$c(init)) {
                  body = init.body;
-                 if (classof(body) === URL_SEARCH_PARAMS) {
-                   headers = init.headers ? new Headers(init.headers) : new Headers();
+                 if (classof$4(body) === URL_SEARCH_PARAMS) {
+                   headers = init.headers ? new Headers$1(init.headers) : new Headers$1();
                    if (!headers.has('content-type')) {
                      headers.set('content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8');
                    }
-                   init = objectCreate(init, {
+                   init = create$8(init, {
                      body: createPropertyDescriptor(0, String(body)),
                      headers: createPropertyDescriptor(0, headers)
                    });
                  }
                }
                args.push(init);
-             } return $fetch$1.apply(this, args);
+             } return $fetch.apply(this, args);
            }
          });
        }
 
        // TODO: in core-js@4, move /modules/ dependencies to public entries for better optimization by tools like `preset-env`
 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+       var $$Q = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$a = descriptors;
+       var USE_NATIVE_URL = nativeUrl;
+       var global$a = global$F;
+       var defineProperties$1 = objectDefineProperties;
+       var redefine$6 = redefine$g.exports;
+       var anInstance$2 = anInstance$7;
+       var has$4 = has$j;
+       var assign$2 = objectAssign;
+       var arrayFrom = arrayFrom$1;
        var codeAt = stringMultibyte.codeAt;
-
-
-
-
-
-       var NativeURL = global_1.URL;
-       var URLSearchParams$1 = web_urlSearchParams.URLSearchParams;
-       var getInternalSearchParamsState = web_urlSearchParams.getState;
-       var setInternalState$6 = internalState.set;
-       var getInternalURLState = internalState.getterFor('URL');
-       var floor$5 = Math.floor;
+       var toASCII = stringPunycodeToAscii;
+       var setToStringTag$3 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var URLSearchParamsModule = web_urlSearchParams;
+       var InternalStateModule$1 = internalState;
+
+       var NativeURL = global$a.URL;
+       var URLSearchParams$1 = URLSearchParamsModule.URLSearchParams;
+       var getInternalSearchParamsState = URLSearchParamsModule.getState;
+       var setInternalState$1 = InternalStateModule$1.set;
+       var getInternalURLState = InternalStateModule$1.getterFor('URL');
+       var floor$2 = Math.floor;
        var pow$1 = Math.pow;
 
        var INVALID_AUTHORITY = 'Invalid authority';
        var INVALID_PORT = 'Invalid port';
 
        var ALPHA = /[A-Za-z]/;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-obscure-range -- safe
        var ALPHANUMERIC = /[\d+-.A-Za-z]/;
        var DIGIT = /\d/;
-       var HEX_START = /^(0x|0X)/;
+       var HEX_START = /^0x/i;
        var OCT = /^[0-7]+$/;
        var DEC = /^\d+$/;
        var HEX = /^[\dA-Fa-f]+$/;
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-control-regex
-       var FORBIDDEN_HOST_CODE_POINT = /[\u0000\u0009\u000A\u000D #%/:?@[\\]]/;
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-control-regex
-       var FORBIDDEN_HOST_CODE_POINT_EXCLUDING_PERCENT = /[\u0000\u0009\u000A\u000D #/:?@[\\]]/;
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-control-regex
+       /* eslint-disable no-control-regex -- safe */
+       var FORBIDDEN_HOST_CODE_POINT = /[\0\t\n\r #%/:<>?@[\\\]^|]/;
+       var FORBIDDEN_HOST_CODE_POINT_EXCLUDING_PERCENT = /[\0\t\n\r #/:<>?@[\\\]^|]/;
        var LEADING_AND_TRAILING_C0_CONTROL_OR_SPACE = /^[\u0000-\u001F ]+|[\u0000-\u001F ]+$/g;
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-control-regex
-       var TAB_AND_NEW_LINE = /[\u0009\u000A\u000D]/g;
+       var TAB_AND_NEW_LINE = /[\t\n\r]/g;
+       /* eslint-enable no-control-regex -- safe */
        var EOF;
 
        var parseHost = function (url, input) {
            }
            url.host = result;
          } else {
-           input = stringPunycodeToAscii(input);
+           input = toASCII(input);
            if (FORBIDDEN_HOST_CODE_POINT.test(input)) return INVALID_HOST;
            result = parseIPv4(input);
            if (result === null) return INVALID_HOST;
          return ipv4;
        };
 
-       // eslint-disable-next-line max-statements
+       // eslint-disable-next-line max-statements -- TODO
        var parseIPv6 = function (input) {
          var address = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
          var pieceIndex = 0;
            result = [];
            for (index = 0; index < 4; index++) {
              result.unshift(host % 256);
-             host = floor$5(host / 256);
+             host = floor$2(host / 256);
            } return result.join('.');
          // ipv6
          } else if (typeof host == 'object') {
        };
 
        var C0ControlPercentEncodeSet = {};
-       var fragmentPercentEncodeSet = objectAssign({}, C0ControlPercentEncodeSet, {
+       var fragmentPercentEncodeSet = assign$2({}, C0ControlPercentEncodeSet, {
          ' ': 1, '"': 1, '<': 1, '>': 1, '`': 1
        });
-       var pathPercentEncodeSet = objectAssign({}, fragmentPercentEncodeSet, {
+       var pathPercentEncodeSet = assign$2({}, fragmentPercentEncodeSet, {
          '#': 1, '?': 1, '{': 1, '}': 1
        });
-       var userinfoPercentEncodeSet = objectAssign({}, pathPercentEncodeSet, {
+       var userinfoPercentEncodeSet = assign$2({}, pathPercentEncodeSet, {
          '/': 1, ':': 1, ';': 1, '=': 1, '@': 1, '[': 1, '\\': 1, ']': 1, '^': 1, '|': 1
        });
 
        var percentEncode = function (char, set) {
          var code = codeAt(char, 0);
-         return code > 0x20 && code < 0x7F && !has(set, char) ? char : encodeURIComponent(char);
+         return code > 0x20 && code < 0x7F && !has$4(set, char) ? char : encodeURIComponent(char);
        };
 
        var specialSchemes = {
        };
 
        var isSpecial = function (url) {
-         return has(specialSchemes, url.scheme);
+         return has$4(specialSchemes, url.scheme);
        };
 
        var includesCredentials = function (url) {
        var QUERY = {};
        var FRAGMENT = {};
 
-       // eslint-disable-next-line max-statements
+       // eslint-disable-next-line max-statements -- TODO
        var parseURL = function (url, input, stateOverride, base) {
          var state = stateOverride || SCHEME_START;
          var pointer = 0;
                  buffer += char.toLowerCase();
                } else if (char == ':') {
                  if (stateOverride && (
-                   (isSpecial(url) != has(specialSchemes, buffer)) ||
+                   (isSpecial(url) != has$4(specialSchemes, buffer)) ||
                    (buffer == 'file' && (includesCredentials(url) || url.port !== null)) ||
                    (url.scheme == 'file' && !url.host)
                  )) return;
        // `URL` constructor
        // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#url-class
        var URLConstructor = function URL(url /* , base */) {
-         var that = anInstance(this, URLConstructor, 'URL');
+         var that = anInstance$2(this, URLConstructor, 'URL');
          var base = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
          var urlString = String(url);
-         var state = setInternalState$6(that, { type: 'URL' });
+         var state = setInternalState$1(that, { type: 'URL' });
          var baseState, failure;
          if (base !== undefined) {
            if (base instanceof URLConstructor) baseState = getInternalURLState(base);
          searchParamsState.updateURL = function () {
            state.query = String(searchParams) || null;
          };
-         if (!descriptors) {
+         if (!DESCRIPTORS$a) {
            that.href = serializeURL.call(that);
            that.origin = getOrigin.call(that);
            that.protocol = getProtocol.call(that);
          var scheme = url.scheme;
          var port = url.port;
          if (scheme == 'blob') try {
-           return new URL(scheme.path[0]).origin;
+           return new URLConstructor(scheme.path[0]).origin;
          } catch (error) {
            return 'null';
          }
          return { get: getter, set: setter, configurable: true, enumerable: true };
        };
 
-       if (descriptors) {
-         objectDefineProperties(URLPrototype, {
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$a) {
+         defineProperties$1(URLPrototype, {
            // `URL.prototype.href` accessors pair
            // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-href
            href: accessorDescriptor(serializeURL, function (href) {
 
        // `URL.prototype.toJSON` method
        // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-tojson
-       redefine(URLPrototype, 'toJSON', function toJSON() {
+       redefine$6(URLPrototype, 'toJSON', function toJSON() {
          return serializeURL.call(this);
        }, { enumerable: true });
 
        // `URL.prototype.toString` method
        // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#URL-stringification-behavior
-       redefine(URLPrototype, 'toString', function toString() {
+       redefine$6(URLPrototype, 'toString', function toString() {
          return serializeURL.call(this);
        }, { enumerable: true });
 
          var nativeRevokeObjectURL = NativeURL.revokeObjectURL;
          // `URL.createObjectURL` method
          // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL/createObjectURL
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-         if (nativeCreateObjectURL) redefine(URLConstructor, 'createObjectURL', function createObjectURL(blob) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         if (nativeCreateObjectURL) redefine$6(URLConstructor, 'createObjectURL', function createObjectURL(blob) {
            return nativeCreateObjectURL.apply(NativeURL, arguments);
          });
          // `URL.revokeObjectURL` method
          // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL/revokeObjectURL
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-         if (nativeRevokeObjectURL) redefine(URLConstructor, 'revokeObjectURL', function revokeObjectURL(url) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         if (nativeRevokeObjectURL) redefine$6(URLConstructor, 'revokeObjectURL', function revokeObjectURL(url) {
            return nativeRevokeObjectURL.apply(NativeURL, arguments);
          });
        }
 
-       setToStringTag(URLConstructor, 'URL');
+       setToStringTag$3(URLConstructor, 'URL');
 
-       _export({ global: true, forced: !nativeUrl, sham: !descriptors }, {
+       $$Q({ global: true, forced: !USE_NATIVE_URL, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$a }, {
          URL: URLConstructor
        });
 
-       function _typeof(obj) {
-         "@babel/helpers - typeof";
+       var anObject$7 = anObject$m;
 
-         if (typeof Symbol === "function" && typeof Symbol.iterator === "symbol") {
-           _typeof = function (obj) {
-             return typeof obj;
-           };
-         } else {
-           _typeof = function (obj) {
-             return obj && typeof Symbol === "function" && obj.constructor === Symbol && obj !== Symbol.prototype ? "symbol" : typeof obj;
-           };
-         }
+       // `RegExp.prototype.flags` getter implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-regexp.prototype.flags
+       var regexpFlags$1 = function () {
+         var that = anObject$7(this);
+         var result = '';
+         if (that.global) result += 'g';
+         if (that.ignoreCase) result += 'i';
+         if (that.multiline) result += 'm';
+         if (that.dotAll) result += 's';
+         if (that.unicode) result += 'u';
+         if (that.sticky) result += 'y';
+         return result;
+       };
 
-         return _typeof(obj);
-       }
+       var redefine$5 = redefine$g.exports;
+       var anObject$6 = anObject$m;
+       var fails$q = fails$N;
+       var flags = regexpFlags$1;
 
-       function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) {
-         if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
-           throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
-         }
-       }
+       var TO_STRING = 'toString';
+       var RegExpPrototype$2 = RegExp.prototype;
+       var nativeToString = RegExpPrototype$2[TO_STRING];
 
-       function _defineProperties(target, props) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
-           var descriptor = props[i];
-           descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
-           descriptor.configurable = true;
-           if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
-           Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
-         }
-       }
+       var NOT_GENERIC = fails$q(function () { return nativeToString.call({ source: 'a', flags: 'b' }) != '/a/b'; });
+       // FF44- RegExp#toString has a wrong name
+       var INCORRECT_NAME = nativeToString.name != TO_STRING;
 
-       function _createClass(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
-         if (protoProps) _defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
-         if (staticProps) _defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps);
-         return Constructor;
+       // `RegExp.prototype.toString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype.tostring
+       if (NOT_GENERIC || INCORRECT_NAME) {
+         redefine$5(RegExp.prototype, TO_STRING, function toString() {
+           var R = anObject$6(this);
+           var p = String(R.source);
+           var rf = R.flags;
+           var f = String(rf === undefined && R instanceof RegExp && !('flags' in RegExpPrototype$2) ? flags.call(R) : rf);
+           return '/' + p + '/' + f;
+         }, { unsafe: true });
        }
 
-       function _defineProperty(obj, key, value) {
-         if (key in obj) {
-           Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
-             value: value,
-             enumerable: true,
-             configurable: true,
-             writable: true
-           });
-         } else {
-           obj[key] = value;
-         }
+       var regexpStickyHelpers = {};
 
-         return obj;
-       }
+       var fails$p = fails$N;
 
-       function _slicedToArray(arr, i) {
-         return _arrayWithHoles(arr) || _iterableToArrayLimit(arr, i) || _unsupportedIterableToArray(arr, i) || _nonIterableRest();
-       }
+       // babel-minify transpiles RegExp('a', 'y') -> /a/y and it causes SyntaxError,
+       var RE = function (s, f) {
+         return RegExp(s, f);
+       };
 
-       function _toConsumableArray(arr) {
-         return _arrayWithoutHoles(arr) || _iterableToArray(arr) || _unsupportedIterableToArray(arr) || _nonIterableSpread();
-       }
+       regexpStickyHelpers.UNSUPPORTED_Y = fails$p(function () {
+         var re = RE('a', 'y');
+         re.lastIndex = 2;
+         return re.exec('abcd') != null;
+       });
 
-       function _arrayWithoutHoles(arr) {
-         if (Array.isArray(arr)) return _arrayLikeToArray(arr);
-       }
+       regexpStickyHelpers.BROKEN_CARET = fails$p(function () {
+         // https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=773687
+         var re = RE('^r', 'gy');
+         re.lastIndex = 2;
+         return re.exec('str') != null;
+       });
 
-       function _arrayWithHoles(arr) {
-         if (Array.isArray(arr)) return arr;
-       }
+       var fails$o = fails$N;
 
-       function _iterableToArray(iter) {
-         if (typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && Symbol.iterator in Object(iter)) return Array.from(iter);
-       }
+       var regexpUnsupportedDotAll = fails$o(function () {
+         // babel-minify transpiles RegExp('.', 's') -> /./s and it causes SyntaxError
+         var re = RegExp('.', (typeof '').charAt(0));
+         return !(re.dotAll && re.exec('\n') && re.flags === 's');
+       });
 
-       function _iterableToArrayLimit(arr, i) {
-         if (typeof Symbol === "undefined" || !(Symbol.iterator in Object(arr))) return;
-         var _arr = [];
-         var _n = true;
-         var _d = false;
-         var _e = undefined;
+       var fails$n = fails$N;
 
-         try {
-           for (var _i = arr[Symbol.iterator](), _s; !(_n = (_s = _i.next()).done); _n = true) {
-             _arr.push(_s.value);
+       var regexpUnsupportedNcg = fails$n(function () {
+         // babel-minify transpiles RegExp('.', 'g') -> /./g and it causes SyntaxError
+         var re = RegExp('(?<a>b)', (typeof '').charAt(5));
+         return re.exec('b').groups.a !== 'b' ||
+           'b'.replace(re, '$<a>c') !== 'bc';
+       });
 
-             if (i && _arr.length === i) break;
-           }
-         } catch (err) {
-           _d = true;
-           _e = err;
-         } finally {
-           try {
-             if (!_n && _i["return"] != null) _i["return"]();
-           } finally {
-             if (_d) throw _e;
-           }
-         }
+       /* eslint-disable regexp/no-assertion-capturing-group, regexp/no-empty-group, regexp/no-lazy-ends -- testing */
+       /* eslint-disable regexp/no-useless-quantifier -- testing */
+       var regexpFlags = regexpFlags$1;
+       var stickyHelpers$2 = regexpStickyHelpers;
+       var shared = shared$5.exports;
+       var create$7 = objectCreate;
+       var getInternalState = internalState.get;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL$1 = regexpUnsupportedDotAll;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_NCG$1 = regexpUnsupportedNcg;
 
-         return _arr;
-       }
+       var nativeExec = RegExp.prototype.exec;
+       var nativeReplace = shared('native-string-replace', String.prototype.replace);
 
-       function _unsupportedIterableToArray(o, minLen) {
-         if (!o) return;
-         if (typeof o === "string") return _arrayLikeToArray(o, minLen);
-         var n = Object.prototype.toString.call(o).slice(8, -1);
-         if (n === "Object" && o.constructor) n = o.constructor.name;
-         if (n === "Map" || n === "Set") return Array.from(o);
-         if (n === "Arguments" || /^(?:Ui|I)nt(?:8|16|32)(?:Clamped)?Array$/.test(n)) return _arrayLikeToArray(o, minLen);
-       }
+       var patchedExec = nativeExec;
 
-       function _arrayLikeToArray(arr, len) {
-         if (len == null || len > arr.length) len = arr.length;
+       var UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG = (function () {
+         var re1 = /a/;
+         var re2 = /b*/g;
+         nativeExec.call(re1, 'a');
+         nativeExec.call(re2, 'a');
+         return re1.lastIndex !== 0 || re2.lastIndex !== 0;
+       })();
 
-         for (var i = 0, arr2 = new Array(len); i < len; i++) arr2[i] = arr[i];
+       var UNSUPPORTED_Y$2 = stickyHelpers$2.UNSUPPORTED_Y || stickyHelpers$2.BROKEN_CARET;
 
-         return arr2;
-       }
+       // nonparticipating capturing group, copied from es5-shim's String#split patch.
+       var NPCG_INCLUDED = /()??/.exec('')[1] !== undefined;
 
-       function _nonIterableSpread() {
-         throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to spread non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.");
-       }
+       var PATCH = UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG || NPCG_INCLUDED || UNSUPPORTED_Y$2 || UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL$1 || UNSUPPORTED_NCG$1;
 
-       function _nonIterableRest() {
-         throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to destructure non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.");
-       }
+       if (PATCH) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line max-statements -- TODO
+         patchedExec = function exec(str) {
+           var re = this;
+           var state = getInternalState(re);
+           var raw = state.raw;
+           var result, reCopy, lastIndex, match, i, object, group;
+
+           if (raw) {
+             raw.lastIndex = re.lastIndex;
+             result = patchedExec.call(raw, str);
+             re.lastIndex = raw.lastIndex;
+             return result;
+           }
 
-       function _createForOfIteratorHelper(o, allowArrayLike) {
-         var it;
+           var groups = state.groups;
+           var sticky = UNSUPPORTED_Y$2 && re.sticky;
+           var flags = regexpFlags.call(re);
+           var source = re.source;
+           var charsAdded = 0;
+           var strCopy = str;
 
-         if (typeof Symbol === "undefined" || o[Symbol.iterator] == null) {
-           if (Array.isArray(o) || (it = _unsupportedIterableToArray(o)) || allowArrayLike && o && typeof o.length === "number") {
-             if (it) o = it;
-             var i = 0;
+           if (sticky) {
+             flags = flags.replace('y', '');
+             if (flags.indexOf('g') === -1) {
+               flags += 'g';
+             }
 
-             var F = function () {};
+             strCopy = String(str).slice(re.lastIndex);
+             // Support anchored sticky behavior.
+             if (re.lastIndex > 0 && (!re.multiline || re.multiline && str[re.lastIndex - 1] !== '\n')) {
+               source = '(?: ' + source + ')';
+               strCopy = ' ' + strCopy;
+               charsAdded++;
+             }
+             // ^(? + rx + ) is needed, in combination with some str slicing, to
+             // simulate the 'y' flag.
+             reCopy = new RegExp('^(?:' + source + ')', flags);
+           }
 
-             return {
-               s: F,
-               n: function () {
-                 if (i >= o.length) return {
-                   done: true
-                 };
-                 return {
-                   done: false,
-                   value: o[i++]
-                 };
-               },
-               e: function (e) {
-                 throw e;
-               },
-               f: F
-             };
+           if (NPCG_INCLUDED) {
+             reCopy = new RegExp('^' + source + '$(?!\\s)', flags);
            }
+           if (UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG) lastIndex = re.lastIndex;
 
-           throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to iterate non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.");
-         }
+           match = nativeExec.call(sticky ? reCopy : re, strCopy);
 
-         var normalCompletion = true,
-             didErr = false,
-             err;
-         return {
-           s: function () {
-             it = o[Symbol.iterator]();
-           },
-           n: function () {
-             var step = it.next();
-             normalCompletion = step.done;
-             return step;
-           },
-           e: function (e) {
-             didErr = true;
-             err = e;
-           },
-           f: function () {
-             try {
-               if (!normalCompletion && it.return != null) it.return();
-             } finally {
-               if (didErr) throw err;
-             }
+           if (sticky) {
+             if (match) {
+               match.input = match.input.slice(charsAdded);
+               match[0] = match[0].slice(charsAdded);
+               match.index = re.lastIndex;
+               re.lastIndex += match[0].length;
+             } else re.lastIndex = 0;
+           } else if (UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG && match) {
+             re.lastIndex = re.global ? match.index + match[0].length : lastIndex;
+           }
+           if (NPCG_INCLUDED && match && match.length > 1) {
+             // Fix browsers whose `exec` methods don't consistently return `undefined`
+             // for NPCG, like IE8. NOTE: This doesn' work for /(.?)?/
+             nativeReplace.call(match[0], reCopy, function () {
+               for (i = 1; i < arguments.length - 2; i++) {
+                 if (arguments[i] === undefined) match[i] = undefined;
+               }
+             });
            }
-         };
-       }
 
-       var global$1 = typeof globalThis !== 'undefined' && globalThis || typeof self !== 'undefined' && self || typeof global$1 !== 'undefined' && global$1;
-       var support = {
-         searchParams: 'URLSearchParams' in global$1,
-         iterable: 'Symbol' in global$1 && 'iterator' in Symbol,
-         blob: 'FileReader' in global$1 && 'Blob' in global$1 && function () {
-           try {
-             new Blob();
-             return true;
-           } catch (e) {
-             return false;
+           if (match && groups) {
+             match.groups = object = create$7(null);
+             for (i = 0; i < groups.length; i++) {
+               group = groups[i];
+               object[group[0]] = match[group[1]];
+             }
            }
-         }(),
-         formData: 'FormData' in global$1,
-         arrayBuffer: 'ArrayBuffer' in global$1
-       };
 
-       function isDataView(obj) {
-         return obj && DataView.prototype.isPrototypeOf(obj);
+           return match;
+         };
        }
 
-       if (support.arrayBuffer) {
-         var viewClasses = ['[object Int8Array]', '[object Uint8Array]', '[object Uint8ClampedArray]', '[object Int16Array]', '[object Uint16Array]', '[object Int32Array]', '[object Uint32Array]', '[object Float32Array]', '[object Float64Array]'];
+       var regexpExec$3 = patchedExec;
 
-         var isArrayBufferView = ArrayBuffer.isView || function (obj) {
-           return obj && viewClasses.indexOf(Object.prototype.toString.call(obj)) > -1;
-         };
-       }
+       var $$P = _export;
+       var exec = regexpExec$3;
 
-       function normalizeName(name) {
-         if (typeof name !== 'string') {
-           name = String(name);
-         }
+       // `RegExp.prototype.exec` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype.exec
+       $$P({ target: 'RegExp', proto: true, forced: /./.exec !== exec }, {
+         exec: exec
+       });
 
-         if (/[^a-z0-9\-#$%&'*+.^_`|~!]/i.test(name) || name === '') {
-           throw new TypeError('Invalid character in header field name');
-         }
+       // TODO: Remove from `core-js@4` since it's moved to entry points
 
-         return name.toLowerCase();
-       }
+       var redefine$4 = redefine$g.exports;
+       var regexpExec$2 = regexpExec$3;
+       var fails$m = fails$N;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$5 = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$1 = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
 
-       function normalizeValue(value) {
-         if (typeof value !== 'string') {
-           value = String(value);
-         }
+       var SPECIES = wellKnownSymbol$5('species');
+       var RegExpPrototype$1 = RegExp.prototype;
 
-         return value;
-       } // Build a destructive iterator for the value list
+       var fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic = function (KEY, exec, FORCED, SHAM) {
+         var SYMBOL = wellKnownSymbol$5(KEY);
+
+         var DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL = !fails$m(function () {
+           // String methods call symbol-named RegEp methods
+           var O = {};
+           O[SYMBOL] = function () { return 7; };
+           return ''[KEY](O) != 7;
+         });
 
+         var DELEGATES_TO_EXEC = DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL && !fails$m(function () {
+           // Symbol-named RegExp methods call .exec
+           var execCalled = false;
+           var re = /a/;
 
-       function iteratorFor(items) {
-         var iterator = {
-           next: function next() {
-             var value = items.shift();
-             return {
-               done: value === undefined,
-               value: value
-             };
+           if (KEY === 'split') {
+             // We can't use real regex here since it causes deoptimization
+             // and serious performance degradation in V8
+             // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/306
+             re = {};
+             // RegExp[@@split] doesn't call the regex's exec method, but first creates
+             // a new one. We need to return the patched regex when creating the new one.
+             re.constructor = {};
+             re.constructor[SPECIES] = function () { return re; };
+             re.flags = '';
+             re[SYMBOL] = /./[SYMBOL];
            }
-         };
 
-         if (support.iterable) {
-           iterator[Symbol.iterator] = function () {
-             return iterator;
-           };
-         }
+           re.exec = function () { execCalled = true; return null; };
 
-         return iterator;
-       }
+           re[SYMBOL]('');
+           return !execCalled;
+         });
 
-       function Headers$1(headers) {
-         this.map = {};
+         if (
+           !DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL ||
+           !DELEGATES_TO_EXEC ||
+           FORCED
+         ) {
+           var nativeRegExpMethod = /./[SYMBOL];
+           var methods = exec(SYMBOL, ''[KEY], function (nativeMethod, regexp, str, arg2, forceStringMethod) {
+             var $exec = regexp.exec;
+             if ($exec === regexpExec$2 || $exec === RegExpPrototype$1.exec) {
+               if (DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL && !forceStringMethod) {
+                 // The native String method already delegates to @@method (this
+                 // polyfilled function), leasing to infinite recursion.
+                 // We avoid it by directly calling the native @@method method.
+                 return { done: true, value: nativeRegExpMethod.call(regexp, str, arg2) };
+               }
+               return { done: true, value: nativeMethod.call(str, regexp, arg2) };
+             }
+             return { done: false };
+           });
 
-         if (headers instanceof Headers$1) {
-           headers.forEach(function (value, name) {
-             this.append(name, value);
-           }, this);
-         } else if (Array.isArray(headers)) {
-           headers.forEach(function (header) {
-             this.append(header[0], header[1]);
-           }, this);
-         } else if (headers) {
-           Object.getOwnPropertyNames(headers).forEach(function (name) {
-             this.append(name, headers[name]);
-           }, this);
+           redefine$4(String.prototype, KEY, methods[0]);
+           redefine$4(RegExpPrototype$1, SYMBOL, methods[1]);
          }
-       }
 
-       Headers$1.prototype.append = function (name, value) {
-         name = normalizeName(name);
-         value = normalizeValue(value);
-         var oldValue = this.map[name];
-         this.map[name] = oldValue ? oldValue + ', ' + value : value;
+         if (SHAM) createNonEnumerableProperty$1(RegExpPrototype$1[SYMBOL], 'sham', true);
        };
 
-       Headers$1.prototype['delete'] = function (name) {
-         delete this.map[normalizeName(name)];
-       };
+       var charAt = stringMultibyte.charAt;
 
-       Headers$1.prototype.get = function (name) {
-         name = normalizeName(name);
-         return this.has(name) ? this.map[name] : null;
+       // `AdvanceStringIndex` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-advancestringindex
+       var advanceStringIndex$3 = function (S, index, unicode) {
+         return index + (unicode ? charAt(S, index).length : 1);
        };
 
-       Headers$1.prototype.has = function (name) {
-         return this.map.hasOwnProperty(normalizeName(name));
-       };
+       var toObject$6 = toObject$i;
 
-       Headers$1.prototype.set = function (name, value) {
-         this.map[normalizeName(name)] = normalizeValue(value);
+       var floor$1 = Math.floor;
+       var replace = ''.replace;
+       var SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS = /\$([$&'`]|\d{1,2}|<[^>]*>)/g;
+       var SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS_NO_NAMED = /\$([$&'`]|\d{1,2})/g;
+
+       // `GetSubstitution` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-getsubstitution
+       var getSubstitution$1 = function (matched, str, position, captures, namedCaptures, replacement) {
+         var tailPos = position + matched.length;
+         var m = captures.length;
+         var symbols = SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS_NO_NAMED;
+         if (namedCaptures !== undefined) {
+           namedCaptures = toObject$6(namedCaptures);
+           symbols = SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS;
+         }
+         return replace.call(replacement, symbols, function (match, ch) {
+           var capture;
+           switch (ch.charAt(0)) {
+             case '$': return '$';
+             case '&': return matched;
+             case '`': return str.slice(0, position);
+             case "'": return str.slice(tailPos);
+             case '<':
+               capture = namedCaptures[ch.slice(1, -1)];
+               break;
+             default: // \d\d?
+               var n = +ch;
+               if (n === 0) return match;
+               if (n > m) {
+                 var f = floor$1(n / 10);
+                 if (f === 0) return match;
+                 if (f <= m) return captures[f - 1] === undefined ? ch.charAt(1) : captures[f - 1] + ch.charAt(1);
+                 return match;
+               }
+               capture = captures[n - 1];
+           }
+           return capture === undefined ? '' : capture;
+         });
        };
 
-       Headers$1.prototype.forEach = function (callback, thisArg) {
-         for (var name in this.map) {
-           if (this.map.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
-             callback.call(thisArg, this.map[name], name, this);
+       var classof$3 = classofRaw$1;
+       var regexpExec$1 = regexpExec$3;
+
+       // `RegExpExec` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexpexec
+       var regexpExecAbstract = function (R, S) {
+         var exec = R.exec;
+         if (typeof exec === 'function') {
+           var result = exec.call(R, S);
+           if (typeof result !== 'object') {
+             throw TypeError('RegExp exec method returned something other than an Object or null');
            }
+           return result;
          }
-       };
 
-       Headers$1.prototype.keys = function () {
-         var items = [];
-         this.forEach(function (value, name) {
-           items.push(name);
-         });
-         return iteratorFor(items);
-       };
+         if (classof$3(R) !== 'RegExp') {
+           throw TypeError('RegExp#exec called on incompatible receiver');
+         }
 
-       Headers$1.prototype.values = function () {
-         var items = [];
-         this.forEach(function (value) {
-           items.push(value);
-         });
-         return iteratorFor(items);
+         return regexpExec$1.call(R, S);
        };
 
-       Headers$1.prototype.entries = function () {
-         var items = [];
-         this.forEach(function (value, name) {
-           items.push([name, value]);
-         });
-         return iteratorFor(items);
+       var fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$3 = fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic;
+       var fails$l = fails$N;
+       var anObject$5 = anObject$m;
+       var toLength$8 = toLength$q;
+       var toInteger$3 = toInteger$b;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$a = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var advanceStringIndex$2 = advanceStringIndex$3;
+       var getSubstitution = getSubstitution$1;
+       var regExpExec$2 = regexpExecAbstract;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$4 = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+
+       var REPLACE = wellKnownSymbol$4('replace');
+       var max$2 = Math.max;
+       var min$5 = Math.min;
+
+       var maybeToString = function (it) {
+         return it === undefined ? it : String(it);
        };
 
-       if (support.iterable) {
-         Headers$1.prototype[Symbol.iterator] = Headers$1.prototype.entries;
-       }
+       // IE <= 11 replaces $0 with the whole match, as if it was $&
+       // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6024666/getting-ie-to-replace-a-regex-with-the-literal-string-0
+       var REPLACE_KEEPS_$0 = (function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/prefer-escape-replacement-dollar-char -- required for testing
+         return 'a'.replace(/./, '$0') === '$0';
+       })();
 
-       function consumed(body) {
-         if (body.bodyUsed) {
-           return Promise.reject(new TypeError('Already read'));
+       // Safari <= 13.0.3(?) substitutes nth capture where n>m with an empty string
+       var REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE = (function () {
+         if (/./[REPLACE]) {
+           return /./[REPLACE]('a', '$0') === '';
          }
+         return false;
+       })();
 
-         body.bodyUsed = true;
-       }
-
-       function fileReaderReady(reader) {
-         return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
-           reader.onload = function () {
-             resolve(reader.result);
-           };
+       var REPLACE_SUPPORTS_NAMED_GROUPS = !fails$l(function () {
+         var re = /./;
+         re.exec = function () {
+           var result = [];
+           result.groups = { a: '7' };
+           return result;
+         };
+         return ''.replace(re, '$<a>') !== '7';
+       });
 
-           reader.onerror = function () {
-             reject(reader.error);
-           };
-         });
-       }
+       // @@replace logic
+       fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$3('replace', function (_, nativeReplace, maybeCallNative) {
+         var UNSAFE_SUBSTITUTE = REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE ? '$' : '$0';
 
-       function readBlobAsArrayBuffer(blob) {
-         var reader = new FileReader();
-         var promise = fileReaderReady(reader);
-         reader.readAsArrayBuffer(blob);
-         return promise;
-       }
+         return [
+           // `String.prototype.replace` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.replace
+           function replace(searchValue, replaceValue) {
+             var O = requireObjectCoercible$a(this);
+             var replacer = searchValue == undefined ? undefined : searchValue[REPLACE];
+             return replacer !== undefined
+               ? replacer.call(searchValue, O, replaceValue)
+               : nativeReplace.call(String(O), searchValue, replaceValue);
+           },
+           // `RegExp.prototype[@@replace]` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@replace
+           function (string, replaceValue) {
+             if (
+               typeof replaceValue === 'string' &&
+               replaceValue.indexOf(UNSAFE_SUBSTITUTE) === -1 &&
+               replaceValue.indexOf('$<') === -1
+             ) {
+               var res = maybeCallNative(nativeReplace, this, string, replaceValue);
+               if (res.done) return res.value;
+             }
 
-       function readBlobAsText(blob) {
-         var reader = new FileReader();
-         var promise = fileReaderReady(reader);
-         reader.readAsText(blob);
-         return promise;
-       }
+             var rx = anObject$5(this);
+             var S = String(string);
 
-       function readArrayBufferAsText(buf) {
-         var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
-         var chars = new Array(view.length);
+             var functionalReplace = typeof replaceValue === 'function';
+             if (!functionalReplace) replaceValue = String(replaceValue);
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < view.length; i++) {
-           chars[i] = String.fromCharCode(view[i]);
-         }
+             var global = rx.global;
+             if (global) {
+               var fullUnicode = rx.unicode;
+               rx.lastIndex = 0;
+             }
+             var results = [];
+             while (true) {
+               var result = regExpExec$2(rx, S);
+               if (result === null) break;
 
-         return chars.join('');
-       }
+               results.push(result);
+               if (!global) break;
 
-       function bufferClone(buf) {
-         if (buf.slice) {
-           return buf.slice(0);
-         } else {
-           var view = new Uint8Array(buf.byteLength);
-           view.set(new Uint8Array(buf));
-           return view.buffer;
-         }
-       }
+               var matchStr = String(result[0]);
+               if (matchStr === '') rx.lastIndex = advanceStringIndex$2(S, toLength$8(rx.lastIndex), fullUnicode);
+             }
 
-       function Body() {
-         this.bodyUsed = false;
+             var accumulatedResult = '';
+             var nextSourcePosition = 0;
+             for (var i = 0; i < results.length; i++) {
+               result = results[i];
 
-         this._initBody = function (body) {
-           /*
+               var matched = String(result[0]);
+               var position = max$2(min$5(toInteger$3(result.index), S.length), 0);
+               var captures = [];
+               // NOTE: This is equivalent to
+               //   captures = result.slice(1).map(maybeToString)
+               // but for some reason `nativeSlice.call(result, 1, result.length)` (called in
+               // the slice polyfill when slicing native arrays) "doesn't work" in safari 9 and
+               // causes a crash (https://pastebin.com/N21QzeQA) when trying to debug it.
+               for (var j = 1; j < result.length; j++) captures.push(maybeToString(result[j]));
+               var namedCaptures = result.groups;
+               if (functionalReplace) {
+                 var replacerArgs = [matched].concat(captures, position, S);
+                 if (namedCaptures !== undefined) replacerArgs.push(namedCaptures);
+                 var replacement = String(replaceValue.apply(undefined, replacerArgs));
+               } else {
+                 replacement = getSubstitution(matched, S, position, captures, namedCaptures, replaceValue);
+               }
+               if (position >= nextSourcePosition) {
+                 accumulatedResult += S.slice(nextSourcePosition, position) + replacement;
+                 nextSourcePosition = position + matched.length;
+               }
+             }
+             return accumulatedResult + S.slice(nextSourcePosition);
+           }
+         ];
+       }, !REPLACE_SUPPORTS_NAMED_GROUPS || !REPLACE_KEEPS_$0 || REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE);
+
+       var isObject$b = isObject$r;
+       var classof$2 = classofRaw$1;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$3 = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+
+       var MATCH$2 = wellKnownSymbol$3('match');
+
+       // `IsRegExp` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-isregexp
+       var isRegexp = function (it) {
+         var isRegExp;
+         return isObject$b(it) && ((isRegExp = it[MATCH$2]) !== undefined ? !!isRegExp : classof$2(it) == 'RegExp');
+       };
+
+       var fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$2 = fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic;
+       var isRegExp$2 = isRegexp;
+       var anObject$4 = anObject$m;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$9 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var speciesConstructor$1 = speciesConstructor$8;
+       var advanceStringIndex$1 = advanceStringIndex$3;
+       var toLength$7 = toLength$q;
+       var callRegExpExec = regexpExecAbstract;
+       var regexpExec = regexpExec$3;
+       var stickyHelpers$1 = regexpStickyHelpers;
+       var fails$k = fails$N;
+
+       var UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 = stickyHelpers$1.UNSUPPORTED_Y;
+       var arrayPush = [].push;
+       var min$4 = Math.min;
+       var MAX_UINT32 = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+       // Chrome 51 has a buggy "split" implementation when RegExp#exec !== nativeExec
+       // Weex JS has frozen built-in prototypes, so use try / catch wrapper
+       var SPLIT_WORKS_WITH_OVERWRITTEN_EXEC = !fails$k(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-empty-group -- required for testing
+         var re = /(?:)/;
+         var originalExec = re.exec;
+         re.exec = function () { return originalExec.apply(this, arguments); };
+         var result = 'ab'.split(re);
+         return result.length !== 2 || result[0] !== 'a' || result[1] !== 'b';
+       });
+
+       // @@split logic
+       fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$2('split', function (SPLIT, nativeSplit, maybeCallNative) {
+         var internalSplit;
+         if (
+           'abbc'.split(/(b)*/)[1] == 'c' ||
+           // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-empty-group -- required for testing
+           'test'.split(/(?:)/, -1).length != 4 ||
+           'ab'.split(/(?:ab)*/).length != 2 ||
+           '.'.split(/(.?)(.?)/).length != 4 ||
+           // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-assertion-capturing-group, regexp/no-empty-group -- required for testing
+           '.'.split(/()()/).length > 1 ||
+           ''.split(/.?/).length
+         ) {
+           // based on es5-shim implementation, need to rework it
+           internalSplit = function (separator, limit) {
+             var string = String(requireObjectCoercible$9(this));
+             var lim = limit === undefined ? MAX_UINT32 : limit >>> 0;
+             if (lim === 0) return [];
+             if (separator === undefined) return [string];
+             // If `separator` is not a regex, use native split
+             if (!isRegExp$2(separator)) {
+               return nativeSplit.call(string, separator, lim);
+             }
+             var output = [];
+             var flags = (separator.ignoreCase ? 'i' : '') +
+                         (separator.multiline ? 'm' : '') +
+                         (separator.unicode ? 'u' : '') +
+                         (separator.sticky ? 'y' : '');
+             var lastLastIndex = 0;
+             // Make `global` and avoid `lastIndex` issues by working with a copy
+             var separatorCopy = new RegExp(separator.source, flags + 'g');
+             var match, lastIndex, lastLength;
+             while (match = regexpExec.call(separatorCopy, string)) {
+               lastIndex = separatorCopy.lastIndex;
+               if (lastIndex > lastLastIndex) {
+                 output.push(string.slice(lastLastIndex, match.index));
+                 if (match.length > 1 && match.index < string.length) arrayPush.apply(output, match.slice(1));
+                 lastLength = match[0].length;
+                 lastLastIndex = lastIndex;
+                 if (output.length >= lim) break;
+               }
+               if (separatorCopy.lastIndex === match.index) separatorCopy.lastIndex++; // Avoid an infinite loop
+             }
+             if (lastLastIndex === string.length) {
+               if (lastLength || !separatorCopy.test('')) output.push('');
+             } else output.push(string.slice(lastLastIndex));
+             return output.length > lim ? output.slice(0, lim) : output;
+           };
+         // Chakra, V8
+         } else if ('0'.split(undefined, 0).length) {
+           internalSplit = function (separator, limit) {
+             return separator === undefined && limit === 0 ? [] : nativeSplit.call(this, separator, limit);
+           };
+         } else internalSplit = nativeSplit;
+
+         return [
+           // `String.prototype.split` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.split
+           function split(separator, limit) {
+             var O = requireObjectCoercible$9(this);
+             var splitter = separator == undefined ? undefined : separator[SPLIT];
+             return splitter !== undefined
+               ? splitter.call(separator, O, limit)
+               : internalSplit.call(String(O), separator, limit);
+           },
+           // `RegExp.prototype[@@split]` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@split
+           //
+           // NOTE: This cannot be properly polyfilled in engines that don't support
+           // the 'y' flag.
+           function (string, limit) {
+             var res = maybeCallNative(internalSplit, this, string, limit, internalSplit !== nativeSplit);
+             if (res.done) return res.value;
+
+             var rx = anObject$4(this);
+             var S = String(string);
+             var C = speciesConstructor$1(rx, RegExp);
+
+             var unicodeMatching = rx.unicode;
+             var flags = (rx.ignoreCase ? 'i' : '') +
+                         (rx.multiline ? 'm' : '') +
+                         (rx.unicode ? 'u' : '') +
+                         (UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? 'g' : 'y');
+
+             // ^(? + rx + ) is needed, in combination with some S slicing, to
+             // simulate the 'y' flag.
+             var splitter = new C(UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? '^(?:' + rx.source + ')' : rx, flags);
+             var lim = limit === undefined ? MAX_UINT32 : limit >>> 0;
+             if (lim === 0) return [];
+             if (S.length === 0) return callRegExpExec(splitter, S) === null ? [S] : [];
+             var p = 0;
+             var q = 0;
+             var A = [];
+             while (q < S.length) {
+               splitter.lastIndex = UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? 0 : q;
+               var z = callRegExpExec(splitter, UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? S.slice(q) : S);
+               var e;
+               if (
+                 z === null ||
+                 (e = min$4(toLength$7(splitter.lastIndex + (UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? q : 0)), S.length)) === p
+               ) {
+                 q = advanceStringIndex$1(S, q, unicodeMatching);
+               } else {
+                 A.push(S.slice(p, q));
+                 if (A.length === lim) return A;
+                 for (var i = 1; i <= z.length - 1; i++) {
+                   A.push(z[i]);
+                   if (A.length === lim) return A;
+                 }
+                 q = p = e;
+               }
+             }
+             A.push(S.slice(p));
+             return A;
+           }
+         ];
+       }, !SPLIT_WORKS_WITH_OVERWRITTEN_EXEC, UNSUPPORTED_Y$1);
+
+       // a string of all valid unicode whitespaces
+       var whitespaces$4 = '\u0009\u000A\u000B\u000C\u000D\u0020\u00A0\u1680\u2000\u2001\u2002' +
+         '\u2003\u2004\u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200A\u202F\u205F\u3000\u2028\u2029\uFEFF';
+
+       var requireObjectCoercible$8 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var whitespaces$3 = whitespaces$4;
+
+       var whitespace = '[' + whitespaces$3 + ']';
+       var ltrim = RegExp('^' + whitespace + whitespace + '*');
+       var rtrim$2 = RegExp(whitespace + whitespace + '*$');
+
+       // `String.prototype.{ trim, trimStart, trimEnd, trimLeft, trimRight }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod$2 = function (TYPE) {
+         return function ($this) {
+           var string = String(requireObjectCoercible$8($this));
+           if (TYPE & 1) string = string.replace(ltrim, '');
+           if (TYPE & 2) string = string.replace(rtrim$2, '');
+           return string;
+         };
+       };
+
+       var stringTrim = {
+         // `String.prototype.{ trimLeft, trimStart }` methods
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trimstart
+         start: createMethod$2(1),
+         // `String.prototype.{ trimRight, trimEnd }` methods
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trimend
+         end: createMethod$2(2),
+         // `String.prototype.trim` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trim
+         trim: createMethod$2(3)
+       };
+
+       var fails$j = fails$N;
+       var whitespaces$2 = whitespaces$4;
+
+       var non = '\u200B\u0085\u180E';
+
+       // check that a method works with the correct list
+       // of whitespaces and has a correct name
+       var stringTrimForced = function (METHOD_NAME) {
+         return fails$j(function () {
+           return !!whitespaces$2[METHOD_NAME]() || non[METHOD_NAME]() != non || whitespaces$2[METHOD_NAME].name !== METHOD_NAME;
+         });
+       };
+
+       var $$O = _export;
+       var $trim = stringTrim.trim;
+       var forcedStringTrimMethod = stringTrimForced;
+
+       // `String.prototype.trim` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trim
+       $$O({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: forcedStringTrimMethod('trim') }, {
+         trim: function trim() {
+           return $trim(this);
+         }
+       });
+
+       var DESCRIPTORS$9 = descriptors;
+       var defineProperty$4 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+
+       var FunctionPrototype = Function.prototype;
+       var FunctionPrototypeToString = FunctionPrototype.toString;
+       var nameRE = /^\s*function ([^ (]*)/;
+       var NAME = 'name';
+
+       // Function instances `.name` property
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-function-instances-name
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$9 && !(NAME in FunctionPrototype)) {
+         defineProperty$4(FunctionPrototype, NAME, {
+           configurable: true,
+           get: function () {
+             try {
+               return FunctionPrototypeToString.call(this).match(nameRE)[1];
+             } catch (error) {
+               return '';
+             }
+           }
+         });
+       }
+
+       var $$N = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$8 = descriptors;
+       var create$6 = objectCreate;
+
+       // `Object.create` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.create
+       $$N({ target: 'Object', stat: true, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$8 }, {
+         create: create$6
+       });
+
+       var $$M = _export;
+       var global$9 = global$F;
+       var userAgent = engineUserAgent;
+
+       var slice$3 = [].slice;
+       var MSIE = /MSIE .\./.test(userAgent); // <- dirty ie9- check
+
+       var wrap$1 = function (scheduler) {
+         return function (handler, timeout /* , ...arguments */) {
+           var boundArgs = arguments.length > 2;
+           var args = boundArgs ? slice$3.call(arguments, 2) : undefined;
+           return scheduler(boundArgs ? function () {
+             // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func -- spec requirement
+             (typeof handler == 'function' ? handler : Function(handler)).apply(this, args);
+           } : handler, timeout);
+         };
+       };
+
+       // ie9- setTimeout & setInterval additional parameters fix
+       // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/timers-and-user-prompts.html#timers
+       $$M({ global: true, bind: true, forced: MSIE }, {
+         // `setTimeout` method
+         // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/timers-and-user-prompts.html#dom-settimeout
+         setTimeout: wrap$1(global$9.setTimeout),
+         // `setInterval` method
+         // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/timers-and-user-prompts.html#dom-setinterval
+         setInterval: wrap$1(global$9.setInterval)
+       });
+
+       var global$8 = typeof globalThis !== 'undefined' && globalThis || typeof self !== 'undefined' && self || typeof global$8 !== 'undefined' && global$8;
+       var support = {
+         searchParams: 'URLSearchParams' in global$8,
+         iterable: 'Symbol' in global$8 && 'iterator' in Symbol,
+         blob: 'FileReader' in global$8 && 'Blob' in global$8 && function () {
+           try {
+             new Blob();
+             return true;
+           } catch (e) {
+             return false;
+           }
+         }(),
+         formData: 'FormData' in global$8,
+         arrayBuffer: 'ArrayBuffer' in global$8
+       };
+
+       function isDataView(obj) {
+         return obj && DataView.prototype.isPrototypeOf(obj);
+       }
+
+       if (support.arrayBuffer) {
+         var viewClasses = ['[object Int8Array]', '[object Uint8Array]', '[object Uint8ClampedArray]', '[object Int16Array]', '[object Uint16Array]', '[object Int32Array]', '[object Uint32Array]', '[object Float32Array]', '[object Float64Array]'];
+
+         var isArrayBufferView = ArrayBuffer.isView || function (obj) {
+           return obj && viewClasses.indexOf(Object.prototype.toString.call(obj)) > -1;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function normalizeName(name) {
+         if (typeof name !== 'string') {
+           name = String(name);
+         }
+
+         if (/[^a-z0-9\-#$%&'*+.^_`|~!]/i.test(name) || name === '') {
+           throw new TypeError('Invalid character in header field name: "' + name + '"');
+         }
+
+         return name.toLowerCase();
+       }
+
+       function normalizeValue(value) {
+         if (typeof value !== 'string') {
+           value = String(value);
+         }
+
+         return value;
+       } // Build a destructive iterator for the value list
+
+
+       function iteratorFor(items) {
+         var iterator = {
+           next: function next() {
+             var value = items.shift();
+             return {
+               done: value === undefined,
+               value: value
+             };
+           }
+         };
+
+         if (support.iterable) {
+           iterator[Symbol.iterator] = function () {
+             return iterator;
+           };
+         }
+
+         return iterator;
+       }
+
+       function Headers(headers) {
+         this.map = {};
+
+         if (headers instanceof Headers) {
+           headers.forEach(function (value, name) {
+             this.append(name, value);
+           }, this);
+         } else if (Array.isArray(headers)) {
+           headers.forEach(function (header) {
+             this.append(header[0], header[1]);
+           }, this);
+         } else if (headers) {
+           Object.getOwnPropertyNames(headers).forEach(function (name) {
+             this.append(name, headers[name]);
+           }, this);
+         }
+       }
+
+       Headers.prototype.append = function (name, value) {
+         name = normalizeName(name);
+         value = normalizeValue(value);
+         var oldValue = this.map[name];
+         this.map[name] = oldValue ? oldValue + ', ' + value : value;
+       };
+
+       Headers.prototype['delete'] = function (name) {
+         delete this.map[normalizeName(name)];
+       };
+
+       Headers.prototype.get = function (name) {
+         name = normalizeName(name);
+         return this.has(name) ? this.map[name] : null;
+       };
+
+       Headers.prototype.has = function (name) {
+         return this.map.hasOwnProperty(normalizeName(name));
+       };
+
+       Headers.prototype.set = function (name, value) {
+         this.map[normalizeName(name)] = normalizeValue(value);
+       };
+
+       Headers.prototype.forEach = function (callback, thisArg) {
+         for (var name in this.map) {
+           if (this.map.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
+             callback.call(thisArg, this.map[name], name, this);
+           }
+         }
+       };
+
+       Headers.prototype.keys = function () {
+         var items = [];
+         this.forEach(function (value, name) {
+           items.push(name);
+         });
+         return iteratorFor(items);
+       };
+
+       Headers.prototype.values = function () {
+         var items = [];
+         this.forEach(function (value) {
+           items.push(value);
+         });
+         return iteratorFor(items);
+       };
+
+       Headers.prototype.entries = function () {
+         var items = [];
+         this.forEach(function (value, name) {
+           items.push([name, value]);
+         });
+         return iteratorFor(items);
+       };
+
+       if (support.iterable) {
+         Headers.prototype[Symbol.iterator] = Headers.prototype.entries;
+       }
+
+       function consumed(body) {
+         if (body.bodyUsed) {
+           return Promise.reject(new TypeError('Already read'));
+         }
+
+         body.bodyUsed = true;
+       }
+
+       function fileReaderReady(reader) {
+         return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+           reader.onload = function () {
+             resolve(reader.result);
+           };
+
+           reader.onerror = function () {
+             reject(reader.error);
+           };
+         });
+       }
+
+       function readBlobAsArrayBuffer(blob) {
+         var reader = new FileReader();
+         var promise = fileReaderReady(reader);
+         reader.readAsArrayBuffer(blob);
+         return promise;
+       }
+
+       function readBlobAsText(blob) {
+         var reader = new FileReader();
+         var promise = fileReaderReady(reader);
+         reader.readAsText(blob);
+         return promise;
+       }
+
+       function readArrayBufferAsText(buf) {
+         var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
+         var chars = new Array(view.length);
+
+         for (var i = 0; i < view.length; i++) {
+           chars[i] = String.fromCharCode(view[i]);
+         }
+
+         return chars.join('');
+       }
+
+       function bufferClone(buf) {
+         if (buf.slice) {
+           return buf.slice(0);
+         } else {
+           var view = new Uint8Array(buf.byteLength);
+           view.set(new Uint8Array(buf));
+           return view.buffer;
+         }
+       }
+
+       function Body() {
+         this.bodyUsed = false;
+
+         this._initBody = function (body) {
+           /*
              fetch-mock wraps the Response object in an ES6 Proxy to
              provide useful test harness features such as flush. However, on
              ES5 browsers without fetch or Proxy support pollyfills must be used;
            this.credentials = input.credentials;
 
            if (!options.headers) {
-             this.headers = new Headers$1(input.headers);
+             this.headers = new Headers(input.headers);
            }
 
            this.method = input.method;
          this.credentials = options.credentials || this.credentials || 'same-origin';
 
          if (options.headers || !this.headers) {
-           this.headers = new Headers$1(options.headers);
+           this.headers = new Headers(options.headers);
          }
 
          this.method = normalizeMethod(options.method || this.method || 'GET');
        }
 
        function parseHeaders(rawHeaders) {
-         var headers = new Headers$1(); // Replace instances of \r\n and \n followed by at least one space or horizontal tab with a space
+         var headers = new Headers(); // Replace instances of \r\n and \n followed by at least one space or horizontal tab with a space
          // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2
 
-         var preProcessedHeaders = rawHeaders.replace(/\r?\n[\t ]+/g, ' ');
-         preProcessedHeaders.split(/\r?\n/).forEach(function (line) {
+         var preProcessedHeaders = rawHeaders.replace(/\r?\n[\t ]+/g, ' '); // Avoiding split via regex to work around a common IE11 bug with the core-js 3.6.0 regex polyfill
+         // https://github.com/github/fetch/issues/748
+         // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/751
+
+         preProcessedHeaders.split('\r').map(function (header) {
+           return header.indexOf('\n') === 0 ? header.substr(1, header.length) : header;
+         }).forEach(function (line) {
            var parts = line.split(':');
            var key = parts.shift().trim();
 
          this.type = 'default';
          this.status = options.status === undefined ? 200 : options.status;
          this.ok = this.status >= 200 && this.status < 300;
-         this.statusText = 'statusText' in options ? options.statusText : '';
-         this.headers = new Headers$1(options.headers);
+         this.statusText = options.statusText === undefined ? '' : '' + options.statusText;
+         this.headers = new Headers(options.headers);
          this.url = options.url || '';
 
          this._initBody(bodyInit);
          return new Response(this._bodyInit, {
            status: this.status,
            statusText: this.statusText,
-           headers: new Headers$1(this.headers),
+           headers: new Headers(this.headers),
            url: this.url
          });
        };
          });
        };
 
-       var DOMException$1 = global$1.DOMException;
+       var DOMException$1 = global$8.DOMException;
 
        try {
          new DOMException$1();
 
            function fixUrl(url) {
              try {
-               return url === '' && global$1.location.href ? global$1.location.href : url;
+               return url === '' && global$8.location.href ? global$8.location.href : url;
              } catch (e) {
                return url;
              }
              }
            }
 
-           if (init && _typeof(init.headers) === 'object' && !(init.headers instanceof Headers$1)) {
+           if (init && _typeof(init.headers) === 'object' && !(init.headers instanceof Headers)) {
              Object.getOwnPropertyNames(init.headers).forEach(function (name) {
                xhr.setRequestHeader(name, normalizeValue(init.headers[name]));
              });
        }
        fetch$1.polyfill = true;
 
-       if (!global$1.fetch) {
-         global$1.fetch = fetch$1;
-         global$1.Headers = Headers$1;
-         global$1.Request = Request;
-         global$1.Response = Response;
+       if (!global$8.fetch) {
+         global$8.fetch = fetch$1;
+         global$8.Headers = Headers;
+         global$8.Request = Request;
+         global$8.Response = Response;
        }
 
-       // `Symbol.toStringTag` well-known symbol
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-symbol.tostringtag
-       defineWellKnownSymbol('toStringTag');
-
-       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$2 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport('splice');
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$5 = arrayMethodUsesToLength('splice', { ACCESSORS: true, 0: 0, 1: 2 });
-
-       var max$3 = Math.max;
-       var min$6 = Math.min;
-       var MAX_SAFE_INTEGER = 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF;
-       var MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_LENGTH_EXCEEDED = 'Maximum allowed length exceeded';
-
-       // `Array.prototype.splice` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.splice
-       // with adding support of @@species
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$2 || !USES_TO_LENGTH$5 }, {
-         splice: function splice(start, deleteCount /* , ...items */) {
-           var O = toObject(this);
-           var len = toLength(O.length);
-           var actualStart = toAbsoluteIndex(start, len);
-           var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
-           var insertCount, actualDeleteCount, A, k, from, to;
-           if (argumentsLength === 0) {
-             insertCount = actualDeleteCount = 0;
-           } else if (argumentsLength === 1) {
-             insertCount = 0;
-             actualDeleteCount = len - actualStart;
-           } else {
-             insertCount = argumentsLength - 2;
-             actualDeleteCount = min$6(max$3(toInteger(deleteCount), 0), len - actualStart);
-           }
-           if (len + insertCount - actualDeleteCount > MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
-             throw TypeError(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_LENGTH_EXCEEDED);
-           }
-           A = arraySpeciesCreate(O, actualDeleteCount);
-           for (k = 0; k < actualDeleteCount; k++) {
-             from = actualStart + k;
-             if (from in O) createProperty(A, k, O[from]);
-           }
-           A.length = actualDeleteCount;
-           if (insertCount < actualDeleteCount) {
-             for (k = actualStart; k < len - actualDeleteCount; k++) {
-               from = k + actualDeleteCount;
-               to = k + insertCount;
-               if (from in O) O[to] = O[from];
-               else delete O[to];
-             }
-             for (k = len; k > len - actualDeleteCount + insertCount; k--) delete O[k - 1];
-           } else if (insertCount > actualDeleteCount) {
-             for (k = len - actualDeleteCount; k > actualStart; k--) {
-               from = k + actualDeleteCount - 1;
-               to = k + insertCount - 1;
-               if (from in O) O[to] = O[from];
-               else delete O[to];
-             }
-           }
-           for (k = 0; k < insertCount; k++) {
-             O[k + actualStart] = arguments[k + 2];
-           }
-           O.length = len - actualDeleteCount + insertCount;
-           return A;
-         }
-       });
-
-       // JSON[@@toStringTag] property
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-json-@@tostringtag
-       setToStringTag(global_1.JSON, 'JSON', true);
-
-       // Math[@@toStringTag] property
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-math-@@tostringtag
-       setToStringTag(Math, 'Math', true);
+       var $$L = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$7 = descriptors;
+       var objectDefinePropertyModile = objectDefineProperty;
 
        // `Object.defineProperty` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperty
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !descriptors, sham: !descriptors }, {
-         defineProperty: objectDefineProperty.f
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperty
+       $$L({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !DESCRIPTORS$7, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$7 }, {
+         defineProperty: objectDefinePropertyModile.f
        });
 
-       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
-
-
-       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$1 = fails(function () { nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(1); });
-       var FORCED$5 = !descriptors || FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$1;
+       var $$K = _export;
+       var setPrototypeOf = objectSetPrototypeOf;
 
-       // `Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptor
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FORCED$5, sham: !descriptors }, {
-         getOwnPropertyDescriptor: function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(it, key) {
-           return nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(toIndexedObject(it), key);
-         }
+       // `Object.setPrototypeOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.setprototypeof
+       $$K({ target: 'Object', stat: true }, {
+         setPrototypeOf: setPrototypeOf
        });
 
-       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$2 = fails(function () { objectGetPrototypeOf(1); });
+       var $$J = _export;
+       var fails$i = fails$N;
+       var toObject$5 = toObject$i;
+       var nativeGetPrototypeOf = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var CORRECT_PROTOTYPE_GETTER = correctPrototypeGetter;
+
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$3 = fails$i(function () { nativeGetPrototypeOf(1); });
 
        // `Object.getPrototypeOf` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.getprototypeof
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$2, sham: !correctPrototypeGetter }, {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getprototypeof
+       $$J({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$3, sham: !CORRECT_PROTOTYPE_GETTER }, {
          getPrototypeOf: function getPrototypeOf(it) {
-           return objectGetPrototypeOf(toObject(it));
+           return nativeGetPrototypeOf(toObject$5(it));
          }
        });
 
-       // `Object.setPrototypeOf` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.setprototypeof
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true }, {
-         setPrototypeOf: objectSetPrototypeOf
-       });
+       var aFunction$2 = aFunction$9;
+       var isObject$a = isObject$r;
 
-       var slice$1 = [].slice;
+       var slice$2 = [].slice;
        var factories = {};
 
        var construct = function (C, argsLength, args) {
          if (!(argsLength in factories)) {
            for (var list = [], i = 0; i < argsLength; i++) list[i] = 'a[' + i + ']';
-           // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func -- we have no proper alternatives, IE8- only
            factories[argsLength] = Function('C,a', 'return new C(' + list.join(',') + ')');
          } return factories[argsLength](C, args);
        };
 
        // `Function.prototype.bind` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-function.prototype.bind
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-function.prototype.bind
        var functionBind = Function.bind || function bind(that /* , ...args */) {
-         var fn = aFunction$1(this);
-         var partArgs = slice$1.call(arguments, 1);
+         var fn = aFunction$2(this);
+         var partArgs = slice$2.call(arguments, 1);
          var boundFunction = function bound(/* args... */) {
-           var args = partArgs.concat(slice$1.call(arguments));
+           var args = partArgs.concat(slice$2.call(arguments));
            return this instanceof boundFunction ? construct(fn, args.length, args) : fn.apply(that, args);
          };
-         if (isObject(fn.prototype)) boundFunction.prototype = fn.prototype;
+         if (isObject$a(fn.prototype)) boundFunction.prototype = fn.prototype;
          return boundFunction;
        };
 
-       var nativeConstruct = getBuiltIn('Reflect', 'construct');
+       var $$I = _export;
+       var getBuiltIn$1 = getBuiltIn$9;
+       var aFunction$1 = aFunction$9;
+       var anObject$3 = anObject$m;
+       var isObject$9 = isObject$r;
+       var create$5 = objectCreate;
+       var bind$4 = functionBind;
+       var fails$h = fails$N;
+
+       var nativeConstruct = getBuiltIn$1('Reflect', 'construct');
 
        // `Reflect.construct` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-reflect.construct
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-reflect.construct
        // MS Edge supports only 2 arguments and argumentsList argument is optional
        // FF Nightly sets third argument as `new.target`, but does not create `this` from it
-       var NEW_TARGET_BUG = fails(function () {
+       var NEW_TARGET_BUG = fails$h(function () {
          function F() { /* empty */ }
          return !(nativeConstruct(function () { /* empty */ }, [], F) instanceof F);
        });
-       var ARGS_BUG = !fails(function () {
+       var ARGS_BUG = !fails$h(function () {
          nativeConstruct(function () { /* empty */ });
        });
-       var FORCED$6 = NEW_TARGET_BUG || ARGS_BUG;
+       var FORCED$a = NEW_TARGET_BUG || ARGS_BUG;
 
-       _export({ target: 'Reflect', stat: true, forced: FORCED$6, sham: FORCED$6 }, {
+       $$I({ target: 'Reflect', stat: true, forced: FORCED$a, sham: FORCED$a }, {
          construct: function construct(Target, args /* , newTarget */) {
            aFunction$1(Target);
-           anObject(args);
+           anObject$3(args);
            var newTarget = arguments.length < 3 ? Target : aFunction$1(arguments[2]);
            if (ARGS_BUG && !NEW_TARGET_BUG) return nativeConstruct(Target, args, newTarget);
            if (Target == newTarget) {
              // w/o altered newTarget, lot of arguments case
              var $args = [null];
              $args.push.apply($args, args);
-             return new (functionBind.apply(Target, $args))();
+             return new (bind$4.apply(Target, $args))();
            }
            // with altered newTarget, not support built-in constructors
            var proto = newTarget.prototype;
-           var instance = objectCreate(isObject(proto) ? proto : Object.prototype);
+           var instance = create$5(isObject$9(proto) ? proto : Object.prototype);
            var result = Function.apply.call(Target, instance, args);
-           return isObject(result) ? result : instance;
+           return isObject$9(result) ? result : instance;
          }
        });
 
+       var $$H = _export;
+       var isObject$8 = isObject$r;
+       var anObject$2 = anObject$m;
+       var has$3 = has$j;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var getPrototypeOf = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+
        // `Reflect.get` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-reflect.get
-       function get$2(target, propertyKey /* , receiver */) {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-reflect.get
+       function get$3(target, propertyKey /* , receiver */) {
          var receiver = arguments.length < 3 ? target : arguments[2];
          var descriptor, prototype;
-         if (anObject(target) === receiver) return target[propertyKey];
-         if (descriptor = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f(target, propertyKey)) return has(descriptor, 'value')
+         if (anObject$2(target) === receiver) return target[propertyKey];
+         if (descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule.f(target, propertyKey)) return has$3(descriptor, 'value')
            ? descriptor.value
            : descriptor.get === undefined
              ? undefined
              : descriptor.get.call(receiver);
-         if (isObject(prototype = objectGetPrototypeOf(target))) return get$2(prototype, propertyKey, receiver);
+         if (isObject$8(prototype = getPrototypeOf(target))) return get$3(prototype, propertyKey, receiver);
        }
 
-       _export({ target: 'Reflect', stat: true }, {
-         get: get$2
+       $$H({ target: 'Reflect', stat: true }, {
+         get: get$3
        });
 
-       (function (factory) {
-          factory();
-       })(function () {
-
-         function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) {
-           if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
-             throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
-           }
-         }
+       var $$G = _export;
+       var fails$g = fails$N;
+       var toIndexedObject$1 = toIndexedObject$b;
+       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$6 = descriptors;
 
-         function _defineProperties(target, props) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
-             var descriptor = props[i];
-             descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
-             descriptor.configurable = true;
-             if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
-             Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
-           }
-         }
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$2 = fails$g(function () { nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor(1); });
+       var FORCED$9 = !DESCRIPTORS$6 || FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$2;
 
-         function _createClass(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
-           if (protoProps) _defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
-           if (staticProps) _defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps);
-           return Constructor;
+       // `Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptor
+       $$G({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FORCED$9, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$6 }, {
+         getOwnPropertyDescriptor: function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(it, key) {
+           return nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor(toIndexedObject$1(it), key);
          }
+       });
 
-         function _inherits(subClass, superClass) {
-           if (typeof superClass !== "function" && superClass !== null) {
-             throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function");
-           }
+       var $$F = _export;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$1 = toAbsoluteIndex$8;
+       var toInteger$2 = toInteger$b;
+       var toLength$6 = toLength$q;
+       var toObject$4 = toObject$i;
+       var arraySpeciesCreate$1 = arraySpeciesCreate$3;
+       var createProperty$1 = createProperty$4;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$2 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
 
-           subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass && superClass.prototype, {
-             constructor: {
-               value: subClass,
-               writable: true,
-               configurable: true
-             }
-           });
-           if (superClass) _setPrototypeOf(subClass, superClass);
-         }
+       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$1 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$2('splice');
 
-         function _getPrototypeOf(o) {
+       var max$1 = Math.max;
+       var min$3 = Math.min;
+       var MAX_SAFE_INTEGER$1 = 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF;
+       var MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_LENGTH_EXCEEDED = 'Maximum allowed length exceeded';
+
+       // `Array.prototype.splice` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.splice
+       // with adding support of @@species
+       $$F({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$1 }, {
+         splice: function splice(start, deleteCount /* , ...items */) {
+           var O = toObject$4(this);
+           var len = toLength$6(O.length);
+           var actualStart = toAbsoluteIndex$1(start, len);
+           var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
+           var insertCount, actualDeleteCount, A, k, from, to;
+           if (argumentsLength === 0) {
+             insertCount = actualDeleteCount = 0;
+           } else if (argumentsLength === 1) {
+             insertCount = 0;
+             actualDeleteCount = len - actualStart;
+           } else {
+             insertCount = argumentsLength - 2;
+             actualDeleteCount = min$3(max$1(toInteger$2(deleteCount), 0), len - actualStart);
+           }
+           if (len + insertCount - actualDeleteCount > MAX_SAFE_INTEGER$1) {
+             throw TypeError(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_LENGTH_EXCEEDED);
+           }
+           A = arraySpeciesCreate$1(O, actualDeleteCount);
+           for (k = 0; k < actualDeleteCount; k++) {
+             from = actualStart + k;
+             if (from in O) createProperty$1(A, k, O[from]);
+           }
+           A.length = actualDeleteCount;
+           if (insertCount < actualDeleteCount) {
+             for (k = actualStart; k < len - actualDeleteCount; k++) {
+               from = k + actualDeleteCount;
+               to = k + insertCount;
+               if (from in O) O[to] = O[from];
+               else delete O[to];
+             }
+             for (k = len; k > len - actualDeleteCount + insertCount; k--) delete O[k - 1];
+           } else if (insertCount > actualDeleteCount) {
+             for (k = len - actualDeleteCount; k > actualStart; k--) {
+               from = k + actualDeleteCount - 1;
+               to = k + insertCount - 1;
+               if (from in O) O[to] = O[from];
+               else delete O[to];
+             }
+           }
+           for (k = 0; k < insertCount; k++) {
+             O[k + actualStart] = arguments[k + 2];
+           }
+           O.length = len - actualDeleteCount + insertCount;
+           return A;
+         }
+       });
+
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol$1 = defineWellKnownSymbol$4;
+
+       // `Symbol.toStringTag` well-known symbol
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.tostringtag
+       defineWellKnownSymbol$1('toStringTag');
+
+       var global$7 = global$F;
+       var setToStringTag$2 = setToStringTag$a;
+
+       // JSON[@@toStringTag] property
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-json-@@tostringtag
+       setToStringTag$2(global$7.JSON, 'JSON', true);
+
+       var setToStringTag$1 = setToStringTag$a;
+
+       // Math[@@toStringTag] property
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math-@@tostringtag
+       setToStringTag$1(Math, 'Math', true);
+
+       (function (factory) {
+         factory();
+       })(function () {
+
+         function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) {
+           if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
+             throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
+           }
+         }
+
+         function _defineProperties(target, props) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+             var descriptor = props[i];
+             descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
+             descriptor.configurable = true;
+             if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
+             Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
+           }
+         }
+
+         function _createClass(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
+           if (protoProps) _defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
+           if (staticProps) _defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps);
+           return Constructor;
+         }
+
+         function _inherits(subClass, superClass) {
+           if (typeof superClass !== "function" && superClass !== null) {
+             throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function");
+           }
+
+           subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass && superClass.prototype, {
+             constructor: {
+               value: subClass,
+               writable: true,
+               configurable: true
+             }
+           });
+           if (superClass) _setPrototypeOf(subClass, superClass);
+         }
+
+         function _getPrototypeOf(o) {
            _getPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf ? Object.getPrototypeOf : function _getPrototypeOf(o) {
              return o.__proto__ || Object.getPrototypeOf(o);
            };
            if (typeof Proxy === "function") return true;
 
            try {
-             Date.prototype.toString.call(Reflect.construct(Date, [], function () {}));
+             Boolean.prototype.valueOf.call(Reflect.construct(Boolean, [], function () {}));
              return true;
            } catch (e) {
              return false;
 
            _createClass(Emitter, [{
              key: "addEventListener",
-             value: function addEventListener(type, callback) {
+             value: function addEventListener(type, callback, options) {
                if (!(type in this.listeners)) {
                  this.listeners[type] = [];
                }
 
-               this.listeners[type].push(callback);
+               this.listeners[type].push({
+                 callback: callback,
+                 options: options
+               });
              }
            }, {
              key: "removeEventListener",
                var stack = this.listeners[type];
 
                for (var i = 0, l = stack.length; i < l; i++) {
-                 if (stack[i] === callback) {
+                 if (stack[i].callback === callback) {
                    stack.splice(i, 1);
                    return;
                  }
            }, {
              key: "dispatchEvent",
              value: function dispatchEvent(event) {
-               var _this = this;
-
                if (!(event.type in this.listeners)) {
                  return;
                }
 
-               var debounce = function debounce(callback) {
-                 setTimeout(function () {
-                   return callback.call(_this, event);
-                 });
-               };
-
                var stack = this.listeners[event.type];
+               var stackToCall = stack.slice();
 
-               for (var i = 0, l = stack.length; i < l; i++) {
-                 debounce(stack[i]);
+               for (var i = 0, l = stackToCall.length; i < l; i++) {
+                 var listener = stackToCall[i];
+
+                 try {
+                   listener.callback.call(this, event);
+                 } catch (e) {
+                   Promise.resolve().then(function () {
+                     throw e;
+                   });
+                 }
+
+                 if (listener.options && listener.options.once) {
+                   this.removeEventListener(event.type, listener.callback);
+                 }
                }
 
                return !event.defaultPrevented;
            var _super = _createSuper(AbortSignal);
 
            function AbortSignal() {
-             var _this2;
+             var _this;
 
              _classCallCheck(this, AbortSignal);
 
-             _this2 = _super.call(this); // Some versions of babel does not transpile super() correctly for IE <= 10, if the parent
+             _this = _super.call(this); // Some versions of babel does not transpile super() correctly for IE <= 10, if the parent
              // constructor has failed to run, then "this.listeners" will still be undefined and then we call
              // the parent constructor directly instead as a workaround. For general details, see babel bug:
              // https://github.com/babel/babel/issues/3041
              // This hack was added as a fix for the issue described here:
              // https://github.com/Financial-Times/polyfill-library/pull/59#issuecomment-477558042
 
-             if (!_this2.listeners) {
-               Emitter.call(_assertThisInitialized(_this2));
+             if (!_this.listeners) {
+               Emitter.call(_assertThisInitialized(_this));
              } // Compared to assignment, Object.defineProperty makes properties non-enumerable by default and
              // we want Object.keys(new AbortController().signal) to be [] for compat with the native impl
 
 
-             Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this2), 'aborted', {
+             Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this), 'aborted', {
                value: false,
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
              });
-             Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this2), 'onabort', {
+             Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this), 'onabort', {
                value: null,
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
              });
-             return _this2;
+             return _this;
            }
 
            _createClass(AbortSignal, [{
          };
        }
 
-       var IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE = wellKnownSymbol('isConcatSpreadable');
-       var MAX_SAFE_INTEGER$1 = 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF;
+       var $$E = _export;
+       var fails$f = fails$N;
+       var isArray$1 = isArray$6;
+       var isObject$7 = isObject$r;
+       var toObject$3 = toObject$i;
+       var toLength$5 = toLength$q;
+       var createProperty = createProperty$4;
+       var arraySpeciesCreate = arraySpeciesCreate$3;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$1 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$2 = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var V8_VERSION = engineV8Version;
+
+       var IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE = wellKnownSymbol$2('isConcatSpreadable');
+       var MAX_SAFE_INTEGER = 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF;
        var MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_INDEX_EXCEEDED = 'Maximum allowed index exceeded';
 
        // We can't use this feature detection in V8 since it causes
        // deoptimization and serious performance degradation
        // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/679
-       var IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE_SUPPORT = engineV8Version >= 51 || !fails(function () {
+       var IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE_SUPPORT = V8_VERSION >= 51 || !fails$f(function () {
          var array = [];
          array[IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE] = false;
          return array.concat()[0] !== array;
        });
 
-       var SPECIES_SUPPORT = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport('concat');
+       var SPECIES_SUPPORT = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$1('concat');
 
        var isConcatSpreadable = function (O) {
-         if (!isObject(O)) return false;
+         if (!isObject$7(O)) return false;
          var spreadable = O[IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE];
-         return spreadable !== undefined ? !!spreadable : isArray(O);
+         return spreadable !== undefined ? !!spreadable : isArray$1(O);
        };
 
-       var FORCED$7 = !IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE_SUPPORT || !SPECIES_SUPPORT;
+       var FORCED$8 = !IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE_SUPPORT || !SPECIES_SUPPORT;
 
        // `Array.prototype.concat` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.concat
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.concat
        // with adding support of @@isConcatSpreadable and @@species
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: FORCED$7 }, {
-         concat: function concat(arg) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
-           var O = toObject(this);
+       $$E({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: FORCED$8 }, {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         concat: function concat(arg) {
+           var O = toObject$3(this);
            var A = arraySpeciesCreate(O, 0);
            var n = 0;
            var i, k, length, len, E;
            for (i = -1, length = arguments.length; i < length; i++) {
              E = i === -1 ? O : arguments[i];
              if (isConcatSpreadable(E)) {
-               len = toLength(E.length);
-               if (n + len > MAX_SAFE_INTEGER$1) throw TypeError(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_INDEX_EXCEEDED);
+               len = toLength$5(E.length);
+               if (n + len > MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) throw TypeError(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_INDEX_EXCEEDED);
                for (k = 0; k < len; k++, n++) if (k in E) createProperty(A, n, E[k]);
              } else {
-               if (n >= MAX_SAFE_INTEGER$1) throw TypeError(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_INDEX_EXCEEDED);
+               if (n >= MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) throw TypeError(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_INDEX_EXCEEDED);
                createProperty(A, n++, E);
              }
            }
          }
        });
 
+       var $$D = _export;
+       var assign$1 = objectAssign;
+
        // `Object.assign` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.assign
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: Object.assign !== objectAssign }, {
-         assign: objectAssign
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.assign
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-assign -- required for testing
+       $$D({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: Object.assign !== assign$1 }, {
+         assign: assign$1
        });
 
-       var $filter$1 = arrayIteration.filter;
-
-
+       var $$C = _export;
+       var $filter = arrayIteration.filter;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
 
-       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$3 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport('filter');
-       // Edge 14- issue
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$6 = arrayMethodUsesToLength('filter');
+       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport('filter');
 
        // `Array.prototype.filter` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.filter
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.filter
        // with adding support of @@species
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$3 || !USES_TO_LENGTH$6 }, {
+       $$C({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT }, {
          filter: function filter(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
-           return $filter$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+           return $filter(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
        });
 
+       var $$B = _export;
+       var toObject$2 = toObject$i;
+       var nativeKeys = objectKeys$4;
+       var fails$e = fails$N;
+
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$1 = fails$e(function () { nativeKeys(1); });
+
+       // `Object.keys` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.keys
+       $$B({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$1 }, {
+         keys: function keys(it) {
+           return nativeKeys(toObject$2(it));
+         }
+       });
+
+       var $$A = _export;
+       var isArray = isArray$6;
+
        var nativeReverse = [].reverse;
        var test$1 = [1, 2];
 
        // `Array.prototype.reverse` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reverse
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reverse
        // fix for Safari 12.0 bug
        // https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=188794
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: String(test$1) === String(test$1.reverse()) }, {
+       $$A({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: String(test$1) === String(test$1.reverse()) }, {
          reverse: function reverse() {
-           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-assign
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-assign -- dirty hack
            if (isArray(this)) this.length = this.length;
            return nativeReverse.call(this);
          }
        });
 
-       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$3 = fails(function () { objectKeys(1); });
+       var global$6 = global$F;
+       var trim$4 = stringTrim.trim;
+       var whitespaces$1 = whitespaces$4;
 
-       // `Object.keys` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.keys
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$3 }, {
-         keys: function keys(it) {
-           return objectKeys(toObject(it));
-         }
-       });
-
-       var trim = stringTrim.trim;
-
-
-       var $parseFloat = global_1.parseFloat;
-       var FORCED$8 = 1 / $parseFloat(whitespaces + '-0') !== -Infinity;
+       var $parseFloat = global$6.parseFloat;
+       var FORCED$7 = 1 / $parseFloat(whitespaces$1 + '-0') !== -Infinity;
 
        // `parseFloat` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-parsefloat-string
-       var numberParseFloat = FORCED$8 ? function parseFloat(string) {
-         var trimmedString = trim(String(string));
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-parsefloat-string
+       var numberParseFloat = FORCED$7 ? function parseFloat(string) {
+         var trimmedString = trim$4(String(string));
          var result = $parseFloat(trimmedString);
          return result === 0 && trimmedString.charAt(0) == '-' ? -0 : result;
        } : $parseFloat;
 
+       var $$z = _export;
+       var parseFloatImplementation = numberParseFloat;
+
        // `parseFloat` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-parsefloat-string
-       _export({ global: true, forced: parseFloat != numberParseFloat }, {
-         parseFloat: numberParseFloat
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-parsefloat-string
+       $$z({ global: true, forced: parseFloat != parseFloatImplementation }, {
+         parseFloat: parseFloatImplementation
        });
 
        /*
          tidal_channel: true
        };
 
-       var trim$1 = stringTrim.trim;
-
+       var global$5 = global$F;
+       var trim$3 = stringTrim.trim;
+       var whitespaces = whitespaces$4;
 
-       var $parseInt = global_1.parseInt;
-       var hex$1 = /^[+-]?0[Xx]/;
-       var FORCED$9 = $parseInt(whitespaces + '08') !== 8 || $parseInt(whitespaces + '0x16') !== 22;
+       var $parseInt = global$5.parseInt;
+       var hex$2 = /^[+-]?0[Xx]/;
+       var FORCED$6 = $parseInt(whitespaces + '08') !== 8 || $parseInt(whitespaces + '0x16') !== 22;
 
        // `parseInt` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-parseint-string-radix
-       var numberParseInt = FORCED$9 ? function parseInt(string, radix) {
-         var S = trim$1(String(string));
-         return $parseInt(S, (radix >>> 0) || (hex$1.test(S) ? 16 : 10));
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-parseint-string-radix
+       var numberParseInt = FORCED$6 ? function parseInt(string, radix) {
+         var S = trim$3(String(string));
+         return $parseInt(S, (radix >>> 0) || (hex$2.test(S) ? 16 : 10));
        } : $parseInt;
 
+       var $$y = _export;
+       var parseIntImplementation = numberParseInt;
+
        // `parseInt` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-parseint-string-radix
-       _export({ global: true, forced: parseInt != numberParseInt }, {
-         parseInt: numberParseInt
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-parseint-string-radix
+       $$y({ global: true, forced: parseInt != parseIntImplementation }, {
+         parseInt: parseIntImplementation
        });
 
-       var freezing = !fails(function () {
-         return Object.isExtensible(Object.preventExtensions({}));
-       });
+       var internalMetadata = {exports: {}};
 
-       var internalMetadata = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-       var defineProperty = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var fails$d = fails$N;
 
+       var freezing = !fails$d(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-isextensible, es/no-object-preventextensions -- required for testing
+         return Object.isExtensible(Object.preventExtensions({}));
+       });
 
+       var hiddenKeys = hiddenKeys$6;
+       var isObject$6 = isObject$r;
+       var has$2 = has$j;
+       var defineProperty$3 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var uid = uid$5;
+       var FREEZING$1 = freezing;
 
        var METADATA = uid('meta');
-       var id = 0;
+       var id$1 = 0;
 
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-isextensible -- safe
        var isExtensible = Object.isExtensible || function () {
          return true;
        };
 
        var setMetadata = function (it) {
-         defineProperty(it, METADATA, { value: {
-           objectID: 'O' + ++id, // object ID
+         defineProperty$3(it, METADATA, { value: {
+           objectID: 'O' + ++id$1, // object ID
            weakData: {}          // weak collections IDs
          } });
        };
 
-       var fastKey = function (it, create) {
+       var fastKey$1 = function (it, create) {
          // return a primitive with prefix
-         if (!isObject(it)) return typeof it == 'symbol' ? it : (typeof it == 'string' ? 'S' : 'P') + it;
-         if (!has(it, METADATA)) {
+         if (!isObject$6(it)) return typeof it == 'symbol' ? it : (typeof it == 'string' ? 'S' : 'P') + it;
+         if (!has$2(it, METADATA)) {
            // can't set metadata to uncaught frozen object
            if (!isExtensible(it)) return 'F';
            // not necessary to add metadata
        };
 
        var getWeakData = function (it, create) {
-         if (!has(it, METADATA)) {
+         if (!has$2(it, METADATA)) {
            // can't set metadata to uncaught frozen object
            if (!isExtensible(it)) return true;
            // not necessary to add metadata
        };
 
        // add metadata on freeze-family methods calling
-       var onFreeze = function (it) {
-         if (freezing && meta.REQUIRED && isExtensible(it) && !has(it, METADATA)) setMetadata(it);
+       var onFreeze$1 = function (it) {
+         if (FREEZING$1 && meta.REQUIRED && isExtensible(it) && !has$2(it, METADATA)) setMetadata(it);
          return it;
        };
 
-       var meta = module.exports = {
+       var meta = internalMetadata.exports = {
          REQUIRED: false,
-         fastKey: fastKey,
+         fastKey: fastKey$1,
          getWeakData: getWeakData,
-         onFreeze: onFreeze
+         onFreeze: onFreeze$1
        };
 
        hiddenKeys[METADATA] = true;
-       });
 
-       var collection = function (CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, wrapper, common) {
+       var $$x = _export;
+       var global$4 = global$F;
+       var isForced$2 = isForced_1;
+       var redefine$3 = redefine$g.exports;
+       var InternalMetadataModule = internalMetadata.exports;
+       var iterate$1 = iterate$3;
+       var anInstance$1 = anInstance$7;
+       var isObject$5 = isObject$r;
+       var fails$c = fails$N;
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration$1 = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4;
+       var setToStringTag = setToStringTag$a;
+       var inheritIfRequired$2 = inheritIfRequired$4;
+
+       var collection$2 = function (CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, wrapper, common) {
          var IS_MAP = CONSTRUCTOR_NAME.indexOf('Map') !== -1;
          var IS_WEAK = CONSTRUCTOR_NAME.indexOf('Weak') !== -1;
          var ADDER = IS_MAP ? 'set' : 'add';
-         var NativeConstructor = global_1[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME];
+         var NativeConstructor = global$4[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME];
          var NativePrototype = NativeConstructor && NativeConstructor.prototype;
          var Constructor = NativeConstructor;
          var exported = {};
 
          var fixMethod = function (KEY) {
            var nativeMethod = NativePrototype[KEY];
-           redefine(NativePrototype, KEY,
+           redefine$3(NativePrototype, KEY,
              KEY == 'add' ? function add(value) {
                nativeMethod.call(this, value === 0 ? 0 : value);
                return this;
              } : KEY == 'delete' ? function (key) {
-               return IS_WEAK && !isObject(key) ? false : nativeMethod.call(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key);
+               return IS_WEAK && !isObject$5(key) ? false : nativeMethod.call(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key);
              } : KEY == 'get' ? function get(key) {
-               return IS_WEAK && !isObject(key) ? undefined : nativeMethod.call(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key);
+               return IS_WEAK && !isObject$5(key) ? undefined : nativeMethod.call(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key);
              } : KEY == 'has' ? function has(key) {
-               return IS_WEAK && !isObject(key) ? false : nativeMethod.call(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key);
+               return IS_WEAK && !isObject$5(key) ? false : nativeMethod.call(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key);
              } : function set(key, value) {
                nativeMethod.call(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key, value);
                return this;
            );
          };
 
-         // eslint-disable-next-line max-len
-         if (isForced_1(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, typeof NativeConstructor != 'function' || !(IS_WEAK || NativePrototype.forEach && !fails(function () {
-           new NativeConstructor().entries().next();
-         })))) {
+         var REPLACE = isForced$2(
+           CONSTRUCTOR_NAME,
+           typeof NativeConstructor != 'function' || !(IS_WEAK || NativePrototype.forEach && !fails$c(function () {
+             new NativeConstructor().entries().next();
+           }))
+         );
+
+         if (REPLACE) {
            // create collection constructor
            Constructor = common.getConstructor(wrapper, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, IS_MAP, ADDER);
-           internalMetadata.REQUIRED = true;
-         } else if (isForced_1(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, true)) {
+           InternalMetadataModule.REQUIRED = true;
+         } else if (isForced$2(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, true)) {
            var instance = new Constructor();
            // early implementations not supports chaining
            var HASNT_CHAINING = instance[ADDER](IS_WEAK ? {} : -0, 1) != instance;
            // V8 ~ Chromium 40- weak-collections throws on primitives, but should return false
-           var THROWS_ON_PRIMITIVES = fails(function () { instance.has(1); });
+           var THROWS_ON_PRIMITIVES = fails$c(function () { instance.has(1); });
            // most early implementations doesn't supports iterables, most modern - not close it correctly
-           // eslint-disable-next-line no-new
-           var ACCEPT_ITERABLES = checkCorrectnessOfIteration(function (iterable) { new NativeConstructor(iterable); });
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-new -- required for testing
+           var ACCEPT_ITERABLES = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$1(function (iterable) { new NativeConstructor(iterable); });
            // for early implementations -0 and +0 not the same
-           var BUGGY_ZERO = !IS_WEAK && fails(function () {
+           var BUGGY_ZERO = !IS_WEAK && fails$c(function () {
              // V8 ~ Chromium 42- fails only with 5+ elements
              var $instance = new NativeConstructor();
              var index = 5;
 
            if (!ACCEPT_ITERABLES) {
              Constructor = wrapper(function (dummy, iterable) {
-               anInstance(dummy, Constructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
-               var that = inheritIfRequired(new NativeConstructor(), dummy, Constructor);
-               if (iterable != undefined) iterate_1(iterable, that[ADDER], that, IS_MAP);
+               anInstance$1(dummy, Constructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+               var that = inheritIfRequired$2(new NativeConstructor(), dummy, Constructor);
+               if (iterable != undefined) iterate$1(iterable, that[ADDER], { that: that, AS_ENTRIES: IS_MAP });
                return that;
              });
              Constructor.prototype = NativePrototype;
          }
 
          exported[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME] = Constructor;
-         _export({ global: true, forced: Constructor != NativeConstructor }, exported);
+         $$x({ global: true, forced: Constructor != NativeConstructor }, exported);
 
          setToStringTag(Constructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
 
          return Constructor;
        };
 
-       var defineProperty$8 = objectDefineProperty.f;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-       var fastKey = internalMetadata.fastKey;
-
-
-       var setInternalState$7 = internalState.set;
-       var internalStateGetterFor = internalState.getterFor;
-
-       var collectionStrong = {
+       var defineProperty$2 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var create$4 = objectCreate;
+       var redefineAll = redefineAll$4;
+       var bind$3 = functionBindContext;
+       var anInstance = anInstance$7;
+       var iterate = iterate$3;
+       var defineIterator = defineIterator$3;
+       var setSpecies$1 = setSpecies$5;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$5 = descriptors;
+       var fastKey = internalMetadata.exports.fastKey;
+       var InternalStateModule = internalState;
+
+       var setInternalState = InternalStateModule.set;
+       var internalStateGetterFor = InternalStateModule.getterFor;
+
+       var collectionStrong$2 = {
          getConstructor: function (wrapper, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, IS_MAP, ADDER) {
            var C = wrapper(function (that, iterable) {
              anInstance(that, C, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
-             setInternalState$7(that, {
+             setInternalState(that, {
                type: CONSTRUCTOR_NAME,
-               index: objectCreate(null),
+               index: create$4(null),
                first: undefined,
                last: undefined,
                size: 0
              });
-             if (!descriptors) that.size = 0;
-             if (iterable != undefined) iterate_1(iterable, that[ADDER], that, IS_MAP);
+             if (!DESCRIPTORS$5) that.size = 0;
+             if (iterable != undefined) iterate(iterable, that[ADDER], { that: that, AS_ENTRIES: IS_MAP });
            });
 
            var getInternalState = internalStateGetterFor(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
                };
                if (!state.first) state.first = entry;
                if (previous) previous.next = entry;
-               if (descriptors) state.size++;
+               if (DESCRIPTORS$5) state.size++;
                else that.size++;
                // add to index
                if (index !== 'F') state.index[index] = entry;
            };
 
            redefineAll(C.prototype, {
-             // 23.1.3.1 Map.prototype.clear()
-             // 23.2.3.2 Set.prototype.clear()
+             // `{ Map, Set }.prototype.clear()` methods
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.clear
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.clear
              clear: function clear() {
                var that = this;
                var state = getInternalState(that);
                  entry = entry.next;
                }
                state.first = state.last = undefined;
-               if (descriptors) state.size = 0;
+               if (DESCRIPTORS$5) state.size = 0;
                else that.size = 0;
              },
-             // 23.1.3.3 Map.prototype.delete(key)
-             // 23.2.3.4 Set.prototype.delete(value)
+             // `{ Map, Set }.prototype.delete(key)` methods
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.delete
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.delete
              'delete': function (key) {
                var that = this;
                var state = getInternalState(that);
                  if (next) next.previous = prev;
                  if (state.first == entry) state.first = next;
                  if (state.last == entry) state.last = prev;
-                 if (descriptors) state.size--;
+                 if (DESCRIPTORS$5) state.size--;
                  else that.size--;
                } return !!entry;
              },
-             // 23.2.3.6 Set.prototype.forEach(callbackfn, thisArg = undefined)
-             // 23.1.3.5 Map.prototype.forEach(callbackfn, thisArg = undefined)
+             // `{ Map, Set }.prototype.forEach(callbackfn, thisArg = undefined)` methods
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.foreach
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.foreach
              forEach: function forEach(callbackfn /* , that = undefined */) {
                var state = getInternalState(this);
-               var boundFunction = functionBindContext(callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, 3);
+               var boundFunction = bind$3(callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, 3);
                var entry;
                while (entry = entry ? entry.next : state.first) {
                  boundFunction(entry.value, entry.key, this);
                  while (entry && entry.removed) entry = entry.previous;
                }
              },
-             // 23.1.3.7 Map.prototype.has(key)
-             // 23.2.3.7 Set.prototype.has(value)
+             // `{ Map, Set}.prototype.has(key)` methods
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.has
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.has
              has: function has(key) {
                return !!getEntry(this, key);
              }
            });
 
            redefineAll(C.prototype, IS_MAP ? {
-             // 23.1.3.6 Map.prototype.get(key)
+             // `Map.prototype.get(key)` method
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.get
              get: function get(key) {
                var entry = getEntry(this, key);
                return entry && entry.value;
              },
-             // 23.1.3.9 Map.prototype.set(key, value)
+             // `Map.prototype.set(key, value)` method
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.set
              set: function set(key, value) {
                return define(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key, value);
              }
            } : {
-             // 23.2.3.1 Set.prototype.add(value)
+             // `Set.prototype.add(value)` method
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.add
              add: function add(value) {
                return define(this, value = value === 0 ? 0 : value, value);
              }
            });
-           if (descriptors) defineProperty$8(C.prototype, 'size', {
+           if (DESCRIPTORS$5) defineProperty$2(C.prototype, 'size', {
              get: function () {
                return getInternalState(this).size;
              }
            var ITERATOR_NAME = CONSTRUCTOR_NAME + ' Iterator';
            var getInternalCollectionState = internalStateGetterFor(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
            var getInternalIteratorState = internalStateGetterFor(ITERATOR_NAME);
-           // add .keys, .values, .entries, [@@iterator]
-           // 23.1.3.4, 23.1.3.8, 23.1.3.11, 23.1.3.12, 23.2.3.5, 23.2.3.8, 23.2.3.10, 23.2.3.11
+           // `{ Map, Set }.prototype.{ keys, values, entries, @@iterator }()` methods
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.entries
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.keys
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.values
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype-@@iterator
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.entries
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.keys
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.values
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype-@@iterator
            defineIterator(C, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, function (iterated, kind) {
-             setInternalState$7(this, {
+             setInternalState(this, {
                type: ITERATOR_NAME,
                target: iterated,
                state: getInternalCollectionState(iterated),
              return { value: [entry.key, entry.value], done: false };
            }, IS_MAP ? 'entries' : 'values', !IS_MAP, true);
 
-           // add [@@species], 23.1.2.2, 23.2.2.2
-           setSpecies(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+           // `{ Map, Set }.prototype[@@species]` accessors
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-map-@@species
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-set-@@species
+           setSpecies$1(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
          }
        };
 
+       var collection$1 = collection$2;
+       var collectionStrong$1 = collectionStrong$2;
+
        // `Set` constructor
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-set-objects
-       var es_set = collection('Set', function (init) {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set-objects
+       collection$1('Set', function (init) {
          return function Set() { return init(this, arguments.length ? arguments[0] : undefined); };
-       }, collectionStrong);
+       }, collectionStrong$1);
 
        function d3_ascending (a, b) {
          return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : a >= b ? 0 : NaN;
          };
        }
 
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol = defineWellKnownSymbol$4;
+
        // `Symbol.asyncIterator` well-known symbol
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-symbol.asynciterator
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.asynciterator
        defineWellKnownSymbol('asyncIterator');
 
-       var runtime_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-         /**
-          * Copyright (c) 2014-present, Facebook, Inc.
-          *
-          * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
-          * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
-          */
+       var runtime = {exports: {}};
+
+       (function (module) {
          var runtime = function (exports) {
 
            var Op = Object.prototype;
          // as the regeneratorRuntime namespace. Otherwise create a new empty
          // object. Either way, the resulting object will be used to initialize
          // the regeneratorRuntime variable at the top of this file.
-          module.exports );
+         module.exports );
 
          try {
            regeneratorRuntime = runtime;
            // problems, please detail your unique predicament in a GitHub issue.
            Function("r", "regeneratorRuntime = r")(runtime);
          }
-       });
+       })(runtime);
 
-       var _marked = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(numbers);
+       var _marked$3 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(numbers);
 
-       function number (x) {
+       function number$1 (x) {
          return x === null ? NaN : +x;
        }
        function numbers(values, valueof) {
                  return _context.stop();
              }
            }
-         }, _marked, null, [[2, 13, 16, 19], [23, 34, 37, 40]]);
+         }, _marked$3, null, [[2, 13, 16, 19], [23, 34, 37, 40]]);
        }
 
        var ascendingBisect = d3_bisector(d3_ascending);
        var bisectRight = ascendingBisect.right;
-       var bisectCenter = d3_bisector(number).center;
-
-       // `Array.prototype.fill` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.fill
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true }, {
-         fill: arrayFill
-       });
+       d3_bisector(number$1).center;
 
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
-       addToUnscopables('fill');
+       var $$w = _export;
+       var from = arrayFrom$1;
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4;
 
-       var INCORRECT_ITERATION$1 = !checkCorrectnessOfIteration(function (iterable) {
+       var INCORRECT_ITERATION = !checkCorrectnessOfIteration(function (iterable) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-from -- required for testing
          Array.from(iterable);
        });
 
        // `Array.from` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.from
-       _export({ target: 'Array', stat: true, forced: INCORRECT_ITERATION$1 }, {
-         from: arrayFrom
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.from
+       $$w({ target: 'Array', stat: true, forced: INCORRECT_ITERATION }, {
+         from: from
        });
 
-       var $some$1 = arrayIteration.some;
+       var $$v = _export;
+       var fill = arrayFill$1;
+       var addToUnscopables$3 = addToUnscopables$5;
 
+       // `Array.prototype.fill` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.fill
+       $$v({ target: 'Array', proto: true }, {
+         fill: fill
+       });
 
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables$3('fill');
 
-       var STRICT_METHOD$4 = arrayMethodIsStrict('some');
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$7 = arrayMethodUsesToLength('some');
+       var $$u = _export;
+       var $some = arrayIteration.some;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$3 = arrayMethodIsStrict$8;
+
+       var STRICT_METHOD$3 = arrayMethodIsStrict$3('some');
 
        // `Array.prototype.some` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.some
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD$4 || !USES_TO_LENGTH$7 }, {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.some
+       $$u({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD$3 }, {
          some: function some(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
-           return $some$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+           return $some(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
        });
 
+       var TYPED_ARRAYS_CONSTRUCTORS_REQUIRES_WRAPPERS = typedArrayConstructorsRequireWrappers;
+       var exportTypedArrayStaticMethod = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayStaticMethod;
+       var typedArrayFrom = typedArrayFrom$2;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.from` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.from
+       exportTypedArrayStaticMethod('from', typedArrayFrom, TYPED_ARRAYS_CONSTRUCTORS_REQUIRES_WRAPPERS);
+
+       var createTypedArrayConstructor = typedArrayConstructor.exports;
+
        // `Float64Array` constructor
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-typedarray-objects
-       typedArrayConstructor('Float64', function (init) {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-typedarray-objects
+       createTypedArrayConstructor('Float64', function (init) {
          return function Float64Array(data, byteOffset, length) {
            return init(this, data, byteOffset, length);
          };
        });
 
-       var exportTypedArrayStaticMethod$1 = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayStaticMethod;
-
-
-       // `%TypedArray%.from` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.from
-       exportTypedArrayStaticMethod$1('from', typedArrayFrom, typedArrayConstructorsRequireWrappers);
-
        function d3_descending (a, b) {
          return b < a ? -1 : b > a ? 1 : b >= a ? 0 : NaN;
        }
        // https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/a74eea238f5baba15797e2e8b570d153bc8690a7/Modules/mathmodule.c#L1423
        var Adder = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
          function Adder() {
-           _classCallCheck(this, Adder);
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Adder);
 
            this._partials = new Float64Array(32);
            this._n = 0;
          }
 
-         _createClass(Adder, [{
+         _createClass$1(Adder, [{
            key: "add",
            value: function add(x) {
              var p = this._partials;
          return Adder;
        }();
 
+       var $$t = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$4 = descriptors;
+       var defineProperties = objectDefineProperties;
+
+       // `Object.defineProperties` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperties
+       $$t({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !DESCRIPTORS$4, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$4 }, {
+         defineProperties: defineProperties
+       });
+
+       var collection = collection$2;
+       var collectionStrong = collectionStrong$2;
+
        // `Map` constructor
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-map-objects
-       var es_map = collection('Map', function (init) {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map-objects
+       collection('Map', function (init) {
          return function Map() { return init(this, arguments.length ? arguments[0] : undefined); };
        }, collectionStrong);
 
+       var $$s = _export;
+       var aFunction = aFunction$9;
+       var toObject$1 = toObject$i;
+       var toLength$4 = toLength$q;
+       var fails$b = fails$N;
+       var internalSort = arraySort;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$2 = arrayMethodIsStrict$8;
+       var FF = engineFfVersion;
+       var IE_OR_EDGE = engineIsIeOrEdge;
+       var V8 = engineV8Version;
+       var WEBKIT = engineWebkitVersion;
+
+       var test = [];
+       var nativeSort = test.sort;
+
+       // IE8-
+       var FAILS_ON_UNDEFINED = fails$b(function () {
+         test.sort(undefined);
+       });
+       // V8 bug
+       var FAILS_ON_NULL = fails$b(function () {
+         test.sort(null);
+       });
+       // Old WebKit
+       var STRICT_METHOD$2 = arrayMethodIsStrict$2('sort');
+
+       var STABLE_SORT = !fails$b(function () {
+         // feature detection can be too slow, so check engines versions
+         if (V8) return V8 < 70;
+         if (FF && FF > 3) return;
+         if (IE_OR_EDGE) return true;
+         if (WEBKIT) return WEBKIT < 603;
+
+         var result = '';
+         var code, chr, value, index;
+
+         // generate an array with more 512 elements (Chakra and old V8 fails only in this case)
+         for (code = 65; code < 76; code++) {
+           chr = String.fromCharCode(code);
+
+           switch (code) {
+             case 66: case 69: case 70: case 72: value = 3; break;
+             case 68: case 71: value = 4; break;
+             default: value = 2;
+           }
+
+           for (index = 0; index < 47; index++) {
+             test.push({ k: chr + index, v: value });
+           }
+         }
+
+         test.sort(function (a, b) { return b.v - a.v; });
+
+         for (index = 0; index < test.length; index++) {
+           chr = test[index].k.charAt(0);
+           if (result.charAt(result.length - 1) !== chr) result += chr;
+         }
+
+         return result !== 'DGBEFHACIJK';
+       });
+
+       var FORCED$5 = FAILS_ON_UNDEFINED || !FAILS_ON_NULL || !STRICT_METHOD$2 || !STABLE_SORT;
+
+       var getSortCompare = function (comparefn) {
+         return function (x, y) {
+           if (y === undefined) return -1;
+           if (x === undefined) return 1;
+           if (comparefn !== undefined) return +comparefn(x, y) || 0;
+           return String(x) > String(y) ? 1 : -1;
+         };
+       };
+
+       // `Array.prototype.sort` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.sort
+       $$s({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: FORCED$5 }, {
+         sort: function sort(comparefn) {
+           if (comparefn !== undefined) aFunction(comparefn);
+
+           var array = toObject$1(this);
+
+           if (STABLE_SORT) return comparefn === undefined ? nativeSort.call(array) : nativeSort.call(array, comparefn);
+
+           var items = [];
+           var arrayLength = toLength$4(array.length);
+           var itemsLength, index;
+
+           for (index = 0; index < arrayLength; index++) {
+             if (index in array) items.push(array[index]);
+           }
+
+           items = internalSort(items, getSortCompare(comparefn));
+           itemsLength = items.length;
+           index = 0;
+
+           while (index < itemsLength) array[index] = items[index++];
+           while (index < arrayLength) delete array[index++];
+
+           return array;
+         }
+       });
+
        var e10 = Math.sqrt(50),
            e5 = Math.sqrt(10),
            e2 = Math.sqrt(2);
          if ((step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count)) === 0 || !isFinite(step)) return [];
 
          if (step > 0) {
-           start = Math.ceil(start / step);
-           stop = Math.floor(stop / step);
-           ticks = new Array(n = Math.ceil(stop - start + 1));
+           var r0 = Math.round(start / step),
+               r1 = Math.round(stop / step);
+           if (r0 * step < start) ++r0;
+           if (r1 * step > stop) --r1;
+           ticks = new Array(n = r1 - r0 + 1);
 
            while (++i < n) {
-             ticks[i] = (start + i) * step;
+             ticks[i] = (r0 + i) * step;
            }
          } else {
            step = -step;
-           start = Math.ceil(start * step);
-           stop = Math.floor(stop * step);
-           ticks = new Array(n = Math.ceil(stop - start + 1));
+
+           var _r = Math.round(start * step),
+               _r2 = Math.round(stop * step);
+
+           if (_r / step < start) ++_r;
+           if (_r2 / step > stop) --_r2;
+           ticks = new Array(n = _r2 - _r + 1);
 
            while (++i < n) {
-             ticks[i] = (start + i) / step;
+             ticks[i] = (_r + i) / step;
            }
          }
 
          return stop < start ? -step1 : step1;
        }
 
-       function max$4(values, valueof) {
+       function max(values, valueof) {
          var max;
 
          if (valueof === undefined) {
          return max;
        }
 
-       function min$7(values, valueof) {
+       function min$2(values, valueof) {
          var min;
 
          if (valueof === undefined) {
 
        // ISC license, Copyright 2018 Vladimir Agafonkin.
 
-       function quickselect(array, k) {
+       function quickselect$3(array, k) {
          var left = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : 0;
          var right = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : array.length - 1;
          var compare = arguments.length > 4 && arguments[4] !== undefined ? arguments[4] : d3_ascending;
              var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
              var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
              var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
-             quickselect(array, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
+             quickselect$3(array, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
            }
 
            var t = array[k];
            var i = left;
            var j = right;
-           swap(array, left, k);
-           if (compare(array[right], t) > 0) swap(array, left, right);
+           swap$1(array, left, k);
+           if (compare(array[right], t) > 0) swap$1(array, left, right);
 
            while (i < j) {
-             swap(array, i, j), ++i, --j;
+             swap$1(array, i, j), ++i, --j;
 
              while (compare(array[i], t) < 0) {
                ++i;
              }
            }
 
-           if (compare(array[left], t) === 0) swap(array, left, j);else ++j, swap(array, j, right);
+           if (compare(array[left], t) === 0) swap$1(array, left, j);else ++j, swap$1(array, j, right);
            if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
            if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
          }
          return array;
        }
 
-       function swap(array, i, j) {
+       function swap$1(array, i, j) {
          var t = array[i];
          array[i] = array[j];
          array[j] = t;
        function quantile(values, p, valueof) {
          values = Float64Array.from(numbers(values, valueof));
          if (!(n = values.length)) return;
-         if ((p = +p) <= 0 || n < 2) return min$7(values);
-         if (p >= 1) return max$4(values);
+         if ((p = +p) <= 0 || n < 2) return min$2(values);
+         if (p >= 1) return max(values);
          var n,
              i = (n - 1) * p,
              i0 = Math.floor(i),
-             value0 = max$4(quickselect(values, i0).subarray(0, i0 + 1)),
-             value1 = min$7(values.subarray(i0 + 1));
+             value0 = max(quickselect$3(values, i0).subarray(0, i0 + 1)),
+             value1 = min$2(values.subarray(i0 + 1));
          return value0 + (value1 - value0) * (i - i0);
        }
 
          return quantile(values, 0.5, valueof);
        }
 
-       var _marked$1 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(flatten);
+       var _marked$2 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(flatten);
 
        function flatten(arrays) {
          var _iterator, _step, array;
                  return _context.stop();
              }
            }
-         }, _marked$1, null, [[1, 10, 13, 16]]);
+         }, _marked$2, null, [[1, 10, 13, 16]]);
        }
 
-       function merge(arrays) {
+       function merge$4(arrays) {
          return Array.from(flatten(arrays));
        }
 
-       function range (start, stop, step) {
+       function range$1 (start, stop, step) {
          start = +start, stop = +stop, step = (n = arguments.length) < 2 ? (stop = start, start = 0, 1) : n < 3 ? 1 : +step;
          var i = -1,
              n = Math.max(0, Math.ceil((stop - start) / step)) | 0,
          return range;
        }
 
-       var test$2 = [];
-       var nativeSort = test$2.sort;
-
-       // IE8-
-       var FAILS_ON_UNDEFINED = fails(function () {
-         test$2.sort(undefined);
-       });
-       // V8 bug
-       var FAILS_ON_NULL = fails(function () {
-         test$2.sort(null);
-       });
-       // Old WebKit
-       var STRICT_METHOD$5 = arrayMethodIsStrict('sort');
-
-       var FORCED$a = FAILS_ON_UNDEFINED || !FAILS_ON_NULL || !STRICT_METHOD$5;
-
-       // `Array.prototype.sort` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.sort
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: FORCED$a }, {
-         sort: function sort(comparefn) {
-           return comparefn === undefined
-             ? nativeSort.call(toObject(this))
-             : nativeSort.call(toObject(this), aFunction$1(comparefn));
-         }
-       });
-
        // `SameValue` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-samevalue
-       var sameValue = Object.is || function is(x, y) {
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-samevalue
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-is -- safe
+       var sameValue$1 = Object.is || function is(x, y) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
          return x === y ? x !== 0 || 1 / x === 1 / y : x != x && y != y;
        };
 
+       var $$r = _export;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-math-hypot -- required for testing
        var $hypot = Math.hypot;
-       var abs$1 = Math.abs;
-       var sqrt = Math.sqrt;
+       var abs$3 = Math.abs;
+       var sqrt$1 = Math.sqrt;
 
        // Chrome 77 bug
        // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=9546
        var BUGGY = !!$hypot && $hypot(Infinity, NaN) !== Infinity;
 
        // `Math.hypot` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-math.hypot
-       _export({ target: 'Math', stat: true, forced: BUGGY }, {
-         hypot: function hypot(value1, value2) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.hypot
+       $$r({ target: 'Math', stat: true, forced: BUGGY }, {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         hypot: function hypot(value1, value2) {
            var sum = 0;
            var i = 0;
            var aLen = arguments.length;
            var larg = 0;
            var arg, div;
            while (i < aLen) {
-             arg = abs$1(arguments[i++]);
+             arg = abs$3(arguments[i++]);
              if (larg < arg) {
                div = larg / arg;
                sum = sum * div * div + 1;
                sum += div * div;
              } else sum += arg;
            }
-           return larg === Infinity ? Infinity : larg * sqrt(sum);
+           return larg === Infinity ? Infinity : larg * sqrt$1(sum);
          }
        });
 
        // `Math.sign` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-math.sign
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.sign
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-math-sign -- safe
        var mathSign = Math.sign || function sign(x) {
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
          return (x = +x) == 0 || x != x ? x : x < 0 ? -1 : 1;
        };
 
+       var $$q = _export;
+       var sign$1 = mathSign;
+
        // `Math.sign` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-math.sign
-       _export({ target: 'Math', stat: true }, {
-         sign: mathSign
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.sign
+       $$q({ target: 'Math', stat: true }, {
+         sign: sign$1
        });
 
-       var epsilon = 1e-6;
-       var epsilon2 = 1e-12;
+       var epsilon$1 = 1e-6;
+       var epsilon2$1 = 1e-12;
        var pi = Math.PI;
        var halfPi = pi / 2;
        var quarterPi = pi / 4;
        var tau = pi * 2;
-       var degrees = 180 / pi;
+       var degrees$1 = 180 / pi;
        var radians = pi / 180;
        var abs$2 = Math.abs;
        var atan = Math.atan;
        var atan2 = Math.atan2;
        var cos = Math.cos;
-       var exp = Math.exp;
-       var hypot = Math.hypot;
+       var exp$2 = Math.exp;
        var log$1 = Math.log;
        var sin = Math.sin;
        var sign = Math.sign || function (x) {
          return x > 0 ? 1 : x < 0 ? -1 : 0;
        };
-       var sqrt$1 = Math.sqrt;
+       var sqrt = Math.sqrt;
        var tan = Math.tan;
        function acos(x) {
          return x > 1 ? 0 : x < -1 ? pi : Math.acos(x);
          return x > 1 ? halfPi : x < -1 ? -halfPi : Math.asin(x);
        }
 
-       function noop() {}
+       function noop$1() {}
 
        function streamGeometry(geometry, stream) {
          if (geometry && streamGeometryType.hasOwnProperty(geometry.type)) {
          }
        }
 
-       var areaRingSum = new Adder(); // hello?
+       var areaRingSum$1 = new Adder(); // hello?
 
-       var areaSum = new Adder(),
-           lambda00,
-           phi00,
-           lambda0,
-           cosPhi0,
-           sinPhi0;
-       var areaStream = {
-         point: noop,
-         lineStart: noop,
-         lineEnd: noop,
+       var areaSum$1 = new Adder(),
+           lambda00$1,
+           phi00$1,
+           lambda0$2,
+           cosPhi0$1,
+           sinPhi0$1;
+       var areaStream$1 = {
+         point: noop$1,
+         lineStart: noop$1,
+         lineEnd: noop$1,
          polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
-           areaRingSum = new Adder();
-           areaStream.lineStart = areaRingStart;
-           areaStream.lineEnd = areaRingEnd;
+           areaRingSum$1 = new Adder();
+           areaStream$1.lineStart = areaRingStart$1;
+           areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaRingEnd$1;
          },
          polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
-           var areaRing = +areaRingSum;
-           areaSum.add(areaRing < 0 ? tau + areaRing : areaRing);
-           this.lineStart = this.lineEnd = this.point = noop;
+           var areaRing = +areaRingSum$1;
+           areaSum$1.add(areaRing < 0 ? tau + areaRing : areaRing);
+           this.lineStart = this.lineEnd = this.point = noop$1;
          },
          sphere: function sphere() {
-           areaSum.add(tau);
+           areaSum$1.add(tau);
          }
        };
 
-       function areaRingStart() {
-         areaStream.point = areaPointFirst;
+       function areaRingStart$1() {
+         areaStream$1.point = areaPointFirst$1;
        }
 
-       function areaRingEnd() {
-         areaPoint(lambda00, phi00);
+       function areaRingEnd$1() {
+         areaPoint$1(lambda00$1, phi00$1);
        }
 
-       function areaPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
-         areaStream.point = areaPoint;
-         lambda00 = lambda, phi00 = phi;
+       function areaPointFirst$1(lambda, phi) {
+         areaStream$1.point = areaPoint$1;
+         lambda00$1 = lambda, phi00$1 = phi;
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         lambda0 = lambda, cosPhi0 = cos(phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi), sinPhi0 = sin(phi);
+         lambda0$2 = lambda, cosPhi0$1 = cos(phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi), sinPhi0$1 = sin(phi);
        }
 
-       function areaPoint(lambda, phi) {
+       function areaPoint$1(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi; // half the angular distance from south pole
          // Spherical excess E for a spherical triangle with vertices: south pole,
          // previous point, current point.  Uses a formula derived from Cagnoli’s
          // theorem.  See Todhunter, Spherical Trig. (1871), Sec. 103, Eq. (2).
 
-         var dLambda = lambda - lambda0,
+         var dLambda = lambda - lambda0$2,
              sdLambda = dLambda >= 0 ? 1 : -1,
              adLambda = sdLambda * dLambda,
              cosPhi = cos(phi),
              sinPhi = sin(phi),
-             k = sinPhi0 * sinPhi,
-             u = cosPhi0 * cosPhi + k * cos(adLambda),
+             k = sinPhi0$1 * sinPhi,
+             u = cosPhi0$1 * cosPhi + k * cos(adLambda),
              v = k * sdLambda * sin(adLambda);
-         areaRingSum.add(atan2(v, u)); // Advance the previous points.
+         areaRingSum$1.add(atan2(v, u)); // Advance the previous points.
 
-         lambda0 = lambda, cosPhi0 = cosPhi, sinPhi0 = sinPhi;
+         lambda0$2 = lambda, cosPhi0$1 = cosPhi, sinPhi0$1 = sinPhi;
        }
 
        function d3_geoArea (object) {
-         areaSum = new Adder();
-         d3_geoStream(object, areaStream);
-         return areaSum * 2;
+         areaSum$1 = new Adder();
+         d3_geoStream(object, areaStream$1);
+         return areaSum$1 * 2;
        }
 
        function spherical(cartesian) {
        } // TODO return d
 
        function cartesianNormalizeInPlace(d) {
-         var l = sqrt$1(d[0] * d[0] + d[1] * d[1] + d[2] * d[2]);
+         var l = sqrt(d[0] * d[0] + d[1] * d[1] + d[2] * d[2]);
          d[0] /= l, d[1] /= l, d[2] /= l;
        }
 
        var lambda0$1, phi0, lambda1, phi1, // bounds
        lambda2, // previous lambda-coordinate
-       lambda00$1, phi00$1, // first point
+       lambda00, phi00, // first point
        p0, // previous 3D point
-       deltaSum, ranges, range$1;
-       var boundsStream = {
-         point: boundsPoint,
+       deltaSum, ranges, range;
+       var boundsStream$1 = {
+         point: boundsPoint$1,
          lineStart: boundsLineStart,
          lineEnd: boundsLineEnd,
          polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
-           boundsStream.point = boundsRingPoint;
-           boundsStream.lineStart = boundsRingStart;
-           boundsStream.lineEnd = boundsRingEnd;
+           boundsStream$1.point = boundsRingPoint;
+           boundsStream$1.lineStart = boundsRingStart;
+           boundsStream$1.lineEnd = boundsRingEnd;
            deltaSum = new Adder();
-           areaStream.polygonStart();
+           areaStream$1.polygonStart();
          },
          polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
-           areaStream.polygonEnd();
-           boundsStream.point = boundsPoint;
-           boundsStream.lineStart = boundsLineStart;
-           boundsStream.lineEnd = boundsLineEnd;
-           if (areaRingSum < 0) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90);else if (deltaSum > epsilon) phi1 = 90;else if (deltaSum < -epsilon) phi0 = -90;
-           range$1[0] = lambda0$1, range$1[1] = lambda1;
+           areaStream$1.polygonEnd();
+           boundsStream$1.point = boundsPoint$1;
+           boundsStream$1.lineStart = boundsLineStart;
+           boundsStream$1.lineEnd = boundsLineEnd;
+           if (areaRingSum$1 < 0) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90);else if (deltaSum > epsilon$1) phi1 = 90;else if (deltaSum < -epsilon$1) phi0 = -90;
+           range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
          },
          sphere: function sphere() {
            lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90);
          }
        };
 
-       function boundsPoint(lambda, phi) {
-         ranges.push(range$1 = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
+       function boundsPoint$1(lambda, phi) {
+         ranges.push(range = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
          if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
          if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
        }
            inflection = spherical(inflection);
            var delta = lambda - lambda2,
                sign = delta > 0 ? 1 : -1,
-               lambdai = inflection[0] * degrees * sign,
+               lambdai = inflection[0] * degrees$1 * sign,
                phii,
                antimeridian = abs$2(delta) > 180;
 
            if (antimeridian ^ (sign * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign * lambda)) {
-             phii = inflection[1] * degrees;
+             phii = inflection[1] * degrees$1;
              if (phii > phi1) phi1 = phii;
            } else if (lambdai = (lambdai + 360) % 360 - 180, antimeridian ^ (sign * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign * lambda)) {
-             phii = -inflection[1] * degrees;
+             phii = -inflection[1] * degrees$1;
              if (phii < phi0) phi0 = phii;
            } else {
              if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
              }
            }
          } else {
-           ranges.push(range$1 = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
+           ranges.push(range = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
          }
 
          if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
        }
 
        function boundsLineStart() {
-         boundsStream.point = linePoint;
+         boundsStream$1.point = linePoint;
        }
 
        function boundsLineEnd() {
-         range$1[0] = lambda0$1, range$1[1] = lambda1;
-         boundsStream.point = boundsPoint;
+         range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
+         boundsStream$1.point = boundsPoint$1;
          p0 = null;
        }
 
            var delta = lambda - lambda2;
            deltaSum.add(abs$2(delta) > 180 ? delta + (delta > 0 ? 360 : -360) : delta);
          } else {
-           lambda00$1 = lambda, phi00$1 = phi;
+           lambda00 = lambda, phi00 = phi;
          }
 
-         areaStream.point(lambda, phi);
+         areaStream$1.point(lambda, phi);
          linePoint(lambda, phi);
        }
 
        function boundsRingStart() {
-         areaStream.lineStart();
+         areaStream$1.lineStart();
        }
 
        function boundsRingEnd() {
-         boundsRingPoint(lambda00$1, phi00$1);
-         areaStream.lineEnd();
-         if (abs$2(deltaSum) > epsilon) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180);
-         range$1[0] = lambda0$1, range$1[1] = lambda1;
+         boundsRingPoint(lambda00, phi00);
+         areaStream$1.lineEnd();
+         if (abs$2(deltaSum) > epsilon$1) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180);
+         range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
          p0 = null;
        } // Finds the left-right distance between two longitudes.
        // This is almost the same as (lambda1 - lambda0 + 360°) % 360°, except that we want
          var i, n, a, b, merged, deltaMax, delta;
          phi1 = lambda1 = -(lambda0$1 = phi0 = Infinity);
          ranges = [];
-         d3_geoStream(feature, boundsStream); // First, sort ranges by their minimum longitudes.
+         d3_geoStream(feature, boundsStream$1); // First, sort ranges by their minimum longitudes.
 
          if (n = ranges.length) {
            ranges.sort(rangeCompare); // Then, merge any ranges that overlap.
            }
          }
 
-         ranges = range$1 = null;
+         ranges = range = null;
          return lambda0$1 === Infinity || phi0 === Infinity ? [[NaN, NaN], [NaN, NaN]] : [[lambda0$1, phi0], [lambda1, phi1]];
        }
 
-       var W0, W1, X0, Y0, Z0, X1, Y1, Z1, X2, Y2, Z2, lambda00$2, phi00$2, // first point
-       x0, y0, z0; // previous point
-
-       var centroidStream = {
-         sphere: noop,
-         point: centroidPoint,
-         lineStart: centroidLineStart,
-         lineEnd: centroidLineEnd,
-         polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
-           centroidStream.lineStart = centroidRingStart;
-           centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd;
-         },
-         polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
-           centroidStream.lineStart = centroidLineStart;
-           centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd;
-         }
-       }; // Arithmetic mean of Cartesian vectors.
-
-       function centroidPoint(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi);
-         centroidPointCartesian(cosPhi * cos(lambda), cosPhi * sin(lambda), sin(phi));
-       }
-
-       function centroidPointCartesian(x, y, z) {
-         ++W0;
-         X0 += (x - X0) / W0;
-         Y0 += (y - Y0) / W0;
-         Z0 += (z - Z0) / W0;
-       }
-
-       function centroidLineStart() {
-         centroidStream.point = centroidLinePointFirst;
-       }
-
-       function centroidLinePointFirst(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi);
-         x0 = cosPhi * cos(lambda);
-         y0 = cosPhi * sin(lambda);
-         z0 = sin(phi);
-         centroidStream.point = centroidLinePoint;
-         centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
-       }
-
-       function centroidLinePoint(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi),
-             x = cosPhi * cos(lambda),
-             y = cosPhi * sin(lambda),
-             z = sin(phi),
-             w = atan2(sqrt$1((w = y0 * z - z0 * y) * w + (w = z0 * x - x0 * z) * w + (w = x0 * y - y0 * x) * w), x0 * x + y0 * y + z0 * z);
-         W1 += w;
-         X1 += w * (x0 + (x0 = x));
-         Y1 += w * (y0 + (y0 = y));
-         Z1 += w * (z0 + (z0 = z));
-         centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
-       }
-
-       function centroidLineEnd() {
-         centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
-       } // See J. E. Brock, The Inertia Tensor for a Spherical Triangle,
-       // J. Applied Mechanics 42, 239 (1975).
-
-
-       function centroidRingStart() {
-         centroidStream.point = centroidRingPointFirst;
-       }
-
-       function centroidRingEnd() {
-         centroidRingPoint(lambda00$2, phi00$2);
-         centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
-       }
-
-       function centroidRingPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda00$2 = lambda, phi00$2 = phi;
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         centroidStream.point = centroidRingPoint;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi);
-         x0 = cosPhi * cos(lambda);
-         y0 = cosPhi * sin(lambda);
-         z0 = sin(phi);
-         centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
-       }
-
-       function centroidRingPoint(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi),
-             x = cosPhi * cos(lambda),
-             y = cosPhi * sin(lambda),
-             z = sin(phi),
-             cx = y0 * z - z0 * y,
-             cy = z0 * x - x0 * z,
-             cz = x0 * y - y0 * x,
-             m = hypot(cx, cy, cz),
-             w = asin(m),
-             // line weight = angle
-         v = m && -w / m; // area weight multiplier
-
-         X2.add(v * cx);
-         Y2.add(v * cy);
-         Z2.add(v * cz);
-         W1 += w;
-         X1 += w * (x0 + (x0 = x));
-         Y1 += w * (y0 + (y0 = y));
-         Z1 += w * (z0 + (z0 = z));
-         centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
-       }
-
-       function d3_geoCentroid (object) {
-         W0 = W1 = X0 = Y0 = Z0 = X1 = Y1 = Z1 = 0;
-         X2 = new Adder();
-         Y2 = new Adder();
-         Z2 = new Adder();
-         d3_geoStream(object, centroidStream);
-         var x = +X2,
-             y = +Y2,
-             z = +Z2,
-             m = hypot(x, y, z); // If the area-weighted ccentroid is undefined, fall back to length-weighted ccentroid.
-
-         if (m < epsilon2) {
-           x = X1, y = Y1, z = Z1; // If the feature has zero length, fall back to arithmetic mean of point vectors.
-
-           if (W1 < epsilon) x = X0, y = Y0, z = Z0;
-           m = hypot(x, y, z); // If the feature still has an undefined ccentroid, then return.
-
-           if (m < epsilon2) return [NaN, NaN];
-         }
-
-         return [atan2(y, x) * degrees, asin(z / m) * degrees];
-       }
-
        function compose (a, b) {
          function compose(x, y) {
            return x = a(x, y), b(x[0], x[1]);
 
          function forward(coordinates) {
            coordinates = rotate(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
-           return coordinates[0] *= degrees, coordinates[1] *= degrees, coordinates;
+           return coordinates[0] *= degrees$1, coordinates[1] *= degrees$1, coordinates;
          }
 
          forward.invert = function (coordinates) {
            coordinates = rotate.invert(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
-           return coordinates[0] *= degrees, coordinates[1] *= degrees, coordinates;
+           return coordinates[0] *= degrees$1, coordinates[1] *= degrees$1, coordinates;
          };
 
          return forward;
          point = cartesian(point), point[0] -= cosRadius;
          cartesianNormalizeInPlace(point);
          var radius = acos(-point[1]);
-         return ((-point[2] < 0 ? -radius : radius) + tau - epsilon) % tau;
+         return ((-point[2] < 0 ? -radius : radius) + tau - epsilon$1) % tau;
        }
 
        function clipBuffer () {
            lineStart: function lineStart() {
              lines.push(line = []);
            },
-           lineEnd: noop,
+           lineEnd: noop$1,
            rejoin: function rejoin() {
              if (lines.length > 1) lines.push(lines.pop().concat(lines.shift()));
            },
        }
 
        function pointEqual (a, b) {
-         return abs$2(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon && abs$2(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon;
+         return abs$2(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon$1 && abs$2(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon$1;
        }
 
        function Intersection(point, points, other, entry) {
              } // handle degenerate cases by moving the point
 
 
-             p1[0] += 2 * epsilon;
+             p1[0] += 2 * epsilon$1;
            }
 
            subject.push(x = new Intersection(p0, segment, null, true));
              angle = 0,
              winding = 0;
          var sum = new Adder();
-         if (sinPhi === 1) phi = halfPi + epsilon;else if (sinPhi === -1) phi = -halfPi - epsilon;
+         if (sinPhi === 1) phi = halfPi + epsilon$1;else if (sinPhi === -1) phi = -halfPi - epsilon$1;
 
          for (var i = 0, n = polygon.length; i < n; ++i) {
            if (!(m = (ring = polygon[i]).length)) continue;
          // same side as the South pole.
 
 
-         return (angle < -epsilon || angle < epsilon && sum < -epsilon2) ^ winding & 1;
+         return (angle < -epsilon$1 || angle < epsilon$1 && sum < -epsilon2$1) ^ winding & 1;
        }
 
        function clip (pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, start) {
                clip.point = point;
                clip.lineStart = lineStart;
                clip.lineEnd = lineEnd;
-               segments = merge(segments);
+               segments = merge$4(segments);
                var startInside = polygonContains(polygon, start);
 
                if (segments.length) {
 
 
        function compareIntersection(a, b) {
-         return ((a = a.x)[0] < 0 ? a[1] - halfPi - epsilon : halfPi - a[1]) - ((b = b.x)[0] < 0 ? b[1] - halfPi - epsilon : halfPi - b[1]);
+         return ((a = a.x)[0] < 0 ? a[1] - halfPi - epsilon$1 : halfPi - a[1]) - ((b = b.x)[0] < 0 ? b[1] - halfPi - epsilon$1 : halfPi - b[1]);
        }
 
        var clipAntimeridian = clip(function () {
              var sign1 = lambda1 > 0 ? pi : -pi,
                  delta = abs$2(lambda1 - lambda0);
 
-             if (abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon) {
+             if (abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon$1) {
                // line crosses a pole
                stream.point(lambda0, phi0 = (phi0 + phi1) / 2 > 0 ? halfPi : -halfPi);
                stream.point(sign0, phi0);
                _clean = 0;
              } else if (sign0 !== sign1 && delta >= pi) {
                // line crosses antimeridian
-               if (abs$2(lambda0 - sign0) < epsilon) lambda0 -= sign0 * epsilon; // handle degeneracies
+               if (abs$2(lambda0 - sign0) < epsilon$1) lambda0 -= sign0 * epsilon$1; // handle degeneracies
 
-               if (abs$2(lambda1 - sign1) < epsilon) lambda1 -= sign1 * epsilon;
+               if (abs$2(lambda1 - sign1) < epsilon$1) lambda1 -= sign1 * epsilon$1;
                phi0 = clipAntimeridianIntersect(lambda0, phi0, lambda1, phi1);
                stream.point(sign0, phi0);
                stream.lineEnd();
          var cosPhi0,
              cosPhi1,
              sinLambda0Lambda1 = sin(lambda0 - lambda1);
-         return abs$2(sinLambda0Lambda1) > epsilon ? atan((sin(phi0) * (cosPhi1 = cos(phi1)) * sin(lambda1) - sin(phi1) * (cosPhi0 = cos(phi0)) * sin(lambda0)) / (cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 * sinLambda0Lambda1)) : (phi0 + phi1) / 2;
+         return abs$2(sinLambda0Lambda1) > epsilon$1 ? atan((sin(phi0) * (cosPhi1 = cos(phi1)) * sin(lambda1) - sin(phi1) * (cosPhi0 = cos(phi0)) * sin(lambda0)) / (cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 * sinLambda0Lambda1)) : (phi0 + phi1) / 2;
        }
 
        function clipAntimeridianInterpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
            stream.point(-pi, -phi);
            stream.point(-pi, 0);
            stream.point(-pi, phi);
-         } else if (abs$2(from[0] - to[0]) > epsilon) {
+         } else if (abs$2(from[0] - to[0]) > epsilon$1) {
            var lambda = from[0] < to[0] ? pi : -pi;
            phi = direction * lambda / 2;
            stream.point(-lambda, phi);
          var cr = cos(radius),
              delta = 6 * radians,
              smallRadius = cr > 0,
-             notHemisphere = abs$2(cr) > epsilon; // TODO optimise for this common case
+             notHemisphere = abs$2(cr) > epsilon$1; // TODO optimise for this common case
 
          function interpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
            circleStream(stream, radius, delta, direction, from, to);
                uu = cartesianDot(u, u),
                t2 = w * w - uu * (cartesianDot(A, A) - 1);
            if (t2 < 0) return;
-           var t = sqrt$1(t2),
+           var t = sqrt(t2),
                q = cartesianScale(u, (-w - t) / uu);
            cartesianAddInPlace(q, A);
            q = spherical(q);
                z;
            if (lambda1 < lambda0) z = lambda0, lambda0 = lambda1, lambda1 = z;
            var delta = lambda1 - lambda0,
-               polar = abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon,
-               meridian = polar || delta < epsilon;
+               polar = abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon$1,
+               meridian = polar || delta < epsilon$1;
            if (!polar && phi1 < phi0) z = phi0, phi0 = phi1, phi1 = z; // Check that the first point is between a and b.
 
-           if (meridian ? polar ? phi0 + phi1 > 0 ^ q[1] < (abs$2(q[0] - lambda0) < epsilon ? phi0 : phi1) : phi0 <= q[1] && q[1] <= phi1 : delta > pi ^ (lambda0 <= q[0] && q[0] <= lambda1)) {
+           if (meridian ? polar ? phi0 + phi1 > 0 ^ q[1] < (abs$2(q[0] - lambda0) < epsilon$1 ? phi0 : phi1) : phi0 <= q[1] && q[1] <= phi1 : delta > pi ^ (lambda0 <= q[0] && q[0] <= lambda1)) {
              var q1 = cartesianScale(u, (-w + t) / uu);
              cartesianAddInPlace(q1, A);
              return [q, spherical(q1)];
          }
 
          function corner(p, direction) {
-           return abs$2(p[0] - x0) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 0 : 3 : abs$2(p[0] - x1) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 2 : 1 : abs$2(p[1] - y0) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 1 : 0 : direction > 0 ? 3 : 2; // abs(p[1] - y1) < epsilon
+           return abs$2(p[0] - x0) < epsilon$1 ? direction > 0 ? 0 : 3 : abs$2(p[0] - x1) < epsilon$1 ? direction > 0 ? 2 : 1 : abs$2(p[1] - y0) < epsilon$1 ? direction > 0 ? 1 : 0 : direction > 0 ? 3 : 2; // abs(p[1] - y1) < epsilon
          }
 
          function compareIntersection(a, b) {
            function polygonEnd() {
              var startInside = polygonInside(),
                  cleanInside = clean && startInside,
-                 visible = (segments = merge(segments)).length;
+                 visible = (segments = merge$4(segments)).length;
 
              if (cleanInside || visible) {
                stream.polygonStart();
          };
        }
 
-       var lengthSum, lambda0$2, sinPhi0$1, cosPhi0$1;
-       var lengthStream = {
-         sphere: noop,
-         point: noop,
+       var lengthSum$1, lambda0, sinPhi0, cosPhi0;
+       var lengthStream$1 = {
+         sphere: noop$1,
+         point: noop$1,
          lineStart: lengthLineStart,
-         lineEnd: noop,
-         polygonStart: noop,
-         polygonEnd: noop
+         lineEnd: noop$1,
+         polygonStart: noop$1,
+         polygonEnd: noop$1
        };
 
        function lengthLineStart() {
-         lengthStream.point = lengthPointFirst;
-         lengthStream.lineEnd = lengthLineEnd;
+         lengthStream$1.point = lengthPointFirst$1;
+         lengthStream$1.lineEnd = lengthLineEnd;
        }
 
        function lengthLineEnd() {
-         lengthStream.point = lengthStream.lineEnd = noop;
+         lengthStream$1.point = lengthStream$1.lineEnd = noop$1;
        }
 
-       function lengthPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
+       function lengthPointFirst$1(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         lambda0$2 = lambda, sinPhi0$1 = sin(phi), cosPhi0$1 = cos(phi);
-         lengthStream.point = lengthPoint;
+         lambda0 = lambda, sinPhi0 = sin(phi), cosPhi0 = cos(phi);
+         lengthStream$1.point = lengthPoint$1;
        }
 
-       function lengthPoint(lambda, phi) {
+       function lengthPoint$1(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          var sinPhi = sin(phi),
              cosPhi = cos(phi),
-             delta = abs$2(lambda - lambda0$2),
+             delta = abs$2(lambda - lambda0),
              cosDelta = cos(delta),
              sinDelta = sin(delta),
              x = cosPhi * sinDelta,
-             y = cosPhi0$1 * sinPhi - sinPhi0$1 * cosPhi * cosDelta,
-             z = sinPhi0$1 * sinPhi + cosPhi0$1 * cosPhi * cosDelta;
-         lengthSum.add(atan2(sqrt$1(x * x + y * y), z));
-         lambda0$2 = lambda, sinPhi0$1 = sinPhi, cosPhi0$1 = cosPhi;
+             y = cosPhi0 * sinPhi - sinPhi0 * cosPhi * cosDelta,
+             z = sinPhi0 * sinPhi + cosPhi0 * cosPhi * cosDelta;
+         lengthSum$1.add(atan2(sqrt(x * x + y * y), z));
+         lambda0 = lambda, sinPhi0 = sinPhi, cosPhi0 = cosPhi;
        }
 
        function d3_geoLength (object) {
-         lengthSum = new Adder();
-         d3_geoStream(object, lengthStream);
-         return +lengthSum;
+         lengthSum$1 = new Adder();
+         d3_geoStream(object, lengthStream$1);
+         return +lengthSum$1;
        }
 
-       var identity = (function (x) {
+       var identity$4 = (function (x) {
          return x;
        });
 
-       var areaSum$1 = new Adder(),
-           areaRingSum$1 = new Adder(),
-           x00,
-           y00,
-           x0$1,
-           y0$1;
-       var areaStream$1 = {
-         point: noop,
-         lineStart: noop,
-         lineEnd: noop,
+       var areaSum = new Adder(),
+           areaRingSum = new Adder(),
+           x00$2,
+           y00$2,
+           x0$3,
+           y0$3;
+       var areaStream = {
+         point: noop$1,
+         lineStart: noop$1,
+         lineEnd: noop$1,
          polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
-           areaStream$1.lineStart = areaRingStart$1;
-           areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaRingEnd$1;
+           areaStream.lineStart = areaRingStart;
+           areaStream.lineEnd = areaRingEnd;
          },
          polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
-           areaStream$1.lineStart = areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaStream$1.point = noop;
-           areaSum$1.add(abs$2(areaRingSum$1));
-           areaRingSum$1 = new Adder();
+           areaStream.lineStart = areaStream.lineEnd = areaStream.point = noop$1;
+           areaSum.add(abs$2(areaRingSum));
+           areaRingSum = new Adder();
          },
          result: function result() {
-           var area = areaSum$1 / 2;
-           areaSum$1 = new Adder();
+           var area = areaSum / 2;
+           areaSum = new Adder();
            return area;
          }
        };
 
-       function areaRingStart$1() {
-         areaStream$1.point = areaPointFirst$1;
+       function areaRingStart() {
+         areaStream.point = areaPointFirst;
        }
 
-       function areaPointFirst$1(x, y) {
-         areaStream$1.point = areaPoint$1;
-         x00 = x0$1 = x, y00 = y0$1 = y;
+       function areaPointFirst(x, y) {
+         areaStream.point = areaPoint;
+         x00$2 = x0$3 = x, y00$2 = y0$3 = y;
        }
 
-       function areaPoint$1(x, y) {
-         areaRingSum$1.add(y0$1 * x - x0$1 * y);
-         x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y;
+       function areaPoint(x, y) {
+         areaRingSum.add(y0$3 * x - x0$3 * y);
+         x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y;
        }
 
-       function areaRingEnd$1() {
-         areaPoint$1(x00, y00);
+       function areaRingEnd() {
+         areaPoint(x00$2, y00$2);
        }
 
        var x0$2 = Infinity,
            y0$2 = x0$2,
            x1 = -x0$2,
            y1 = x1;
-       var boundsStream$1 = {
-         point: boundsPoint$1,
-         lineStart: noop,
-         lineEnd: noop,
-         polygonStart: noop,
-         polygonEnd: noop,
+       var boundsStream = {
+         point: boundsPoint,
+         lineStart: noop$1,
+         lineEnd: noop$1,
+         polygonStart: noop$1,
+         polygonEnd: noop$1,
          result: function result() {
            var bounds = [[x0$2, y0$2], [x1, y1]];
            x1 = y1 = -(y0$2 = x0$2 = Infinity);
          }
        };
 
-       function boundsPoint$1(x, y) {
+       function boundsPoint(x, y) {
          if (x < x0$2) x0$2 = x;
          if (x > x1) x1 = x;
          if (y < y0$2) y0$2 = y;
          if (y > y1) y1 = y;
        }
 
-       var X0$1 = 0,
-           Y0$1 = 0,
-           Z0$1 = 0,
-           X1$1 = 0,
-           Y1$1 = 0,
-           Z1$1 = 0,
-           X2$1 = 0,
-           Y2$1 = 0,
-           Z2$1 = 0,
+       var X0 = 0,
+           Y0 = 0,
+           Z0 = 0,
+           X1 = 0,
+           Y1 = 0,
+           Z1 = 0,
+           X2 = 0,
+           Y2 = 0,
+           Z2 = 0,
            x00$1,
            y00$1,
-           x0$3,
-           y0$3;
-       var centroidStream$1 = {
-         point: centroidPoint$1,
-         lineStart: centroidLineStart$1,
-         lineEnd: centroidLineEnd$1,
+           x0$1,
+           y0$1;
+       var centroidStream = {
+         point: centroidPoint,
+         lineStart: centroidLineStart,
+         lineEnd: centroidLineEnd,
          polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
-           centroidStream$1.lineStart = centroidRingStart$1;
-           centroidStream$1.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd$1;
+           centroidStream.lineStart = centroidRingStart;
+           centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd;
          },
          polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
-           centroidStream$1.point = centroidPoint$1;
-           centroidStream$1.lineStart = centroidLineStart$1;
-           centroidStream$1.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd$1;
+           centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
+           centroidStream.lineStart = centroidLineStart;
+           centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd;
          },
          result: function result() {
-           var centroid = Z2$1 ? [X2$1 / Z2$1, Y2$1 / Z2$1] : Z1$1 ? [X1$1 / Z1$1, Y1$1 / Z1$1] : Z0$1 ? [X0$1 / Z0$1, Y0$1 / Z0$1] : [NaN, NaN];
-           X0$1 = Y0$1 = Z0$1 = X1$1 = Y1$1 = Z1$1 = X2$1 = Y2$1 = Z2$1 = 0;
+           var centroid = Z2 ? [X2 / Z2, Y2 / Z2] : Z1 ? [X1 / Z1, Y1 / Z1] : Z0 ? [X0 / Z0, Y0 / Z0] : [NaN, NaN];
+           X0 = Y0 = Z0 = X1 = Y1 = Z1 = X2 = Y2 = Z2 = 0;
            return centroid;
          }
        };
 
-       function centroidPoint$1(x, y) {
-         X0$1 += x;
-         Y0$1 += y;
-         ++Z0$1;
+       function centroidPoint(x, y) {
+         X0 += x;
+         Y0 += y;
+         ++Z0;
        }
 
-       function centroidLineStart$1() {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointFirstLine;
+       function centroidLineStart() {
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPointFirstLine;
        }
 
        function centroidPointFirstLine(x, y) {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointLine;
-         centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPointLine;
+         centroidPoint(x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y);
        }
 
        function centroidPointLine(x, y) {
-         var dx = x - x0$3,
-             dy = y - y0$3,
-             z = sqrt$1(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-         X1$1 += z * (x0$3 + x) / 2;
-         Y1$1 += z * (y0$3 + y) / 2;
-         Z1$1 += z;
-         centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
+         var dx = x - x0$1,
+             dy = y - y0$1,
+             z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
+         X1 += z * (x0$1 + x) / 2;
+         Y1 += z * (y0$1 + y) / 2;
+         Z1 += z;
+         centroidPoint(x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y);
        }
 
-       function centroidLineEnd$1() {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPoint$1;
+       function centroidLineEnd() {
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
        }
 
-       function centroidRingStart$1() {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointFirstRing;
+       function centroidRingStart() {
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPointFirstRing;
        }
 
-       function centroidRingEnd$1() {
+       function centroidRingEnd() {
          centroidPointRing(x00$1, y00$1);
        }
 
        function centroidPointFirstRing(x, y) {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointRing;
-         centroidPoint$1(x00$1 = x0$3 = x, y00$1 = y0$3 = y);
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPointRing;
+         centroidPoint(x00$1 = x0$1 = x, y00$1 = y0$1 = y);
        }
 
        function centroidPointRing(x, y) {
-         var dx = x - x0$3,
-             dy = y - y0$3,
-             z = sqrt$1(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-         X1$1 += z * (x0$3 + x) / 2;
-         Y1$1 += z * (y0$3 + y) / 2;
-         Z1$1 += z;
-         z = y0$3 * x - x0$3 * y;
-         X2$1 += z * (x0$3 + x);
-         Y2$1 += z * (y0$3 + y);
-         Z2$1 += z * 3;
-         centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
+         var dx = x - x0$1,
+             dy = y - y0$1,
+             z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
+         X1 += z * (x0$1 + x) / 2;
+         Y1 += z * (y0$1 + y) / 2;
+         Z1 += z;
+         z = y0$1 * x - x0$1 * y;
+         X2 += z * (x0$1 + x);
+         Y2 += z * (y0$1 + y);
+         Z2 += z * 3;
+         centroidPoint(x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y);
        }
 
        function PathContext(context) {
                }
            }
          },
-         result: noop
+         result: noop$1
        };
 
-       var lengthSum$1 = new Adder(),
+       var lengthSum = new Adder(),
            lengthRing,
-           x00$2,
-           y00$2,
-           x0$4,
-           y0$4;
-       var lengthStream$1 = {
-         point: noop,
+           x00,
+           y00,
+           x0,
+           y0;
+       var lengthStream = {
+         point: noop$1,
          lineStart: function lineStart() {
-           lengthStream$1.point = lengthPointFirst$1;
+           lengthStream.point = lengthPointFirst;
          },
          lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
-           if (lengthRing) lengthPoint$1(x00$2, y00$2);
-           lengthStream$1.point = noop;
+           if (lengthRing) lengthPoint(x00, y00);
+           lengthStream.point = noop$1;
          },
          polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
            lengthRing = true;
            lengthRing = null;
          },
          result: function result() {
-           var length = +lengthSum$1;
-           lengthSum$1 = new Adder();
+           var length = +lengthSum;
+           lengthSum = new Adder();
            return length;
          }
        };
 
-       function lengthPointFirst$1(x, y) {
-         lengthStream$1.point = lengthPoint$1;
-         x00$2 = x0$4 = x, y00$2 = y0$4 = y;
+       function lengthPointFirst(x, y) {
+         lengthStream.point = lengthPoint;
+         x00 = x0 = x, y00 = y0 = y;
        }
 
-       function lengthPoint$1(x, y) {
-         x0$4 -= x, y0$4 -= y;
-         lengthSum$1.add(sqrt$1(x0$4 * x0$4 + y0$4 * y0$4));
-         x0$4 = x, y0$4 = y;
+       function lengthPoint(x, y) {
+         x0 -= x, y0 -= y;
+         lengthSum.add(sqrt(x0 * x0 + y0 * y0));
+         x0 = x, y0 = y;
        }
 
        function PathString() {
          }
 
          path.area = function (object) {
-           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(areaStream$1));
-           return areaStream$1.result();
+           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(areaStream));
+           return areaStream.result();
          };
 
          path.measure = function (object) {
-           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(lengthStream$1));
-           return lengthStream$1.result();
+           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(lengthStream));
+           return lengthStream.result();
          };
 
          path.bounds = function (object) {
-           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(boundsStream$1));
-           return boundsStream$1.result();
+           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(boundsStream));
+           return boundsStream.result();
          };
 
          path.centroid = function (object) {
-           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(centroidStream$1));
-           return centroidStream$1.result();
+           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(centroidStream));
+           return centroidStream.result();
          };
 
          path.projection = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (projectionStream = _ == null ? (projection = null, identity) : (projection = _).stream, path) : projection;
+           return arguments.length ? (projectionStream = _ == null ? (projection = null, identity$4) : (projection = _).stream, path) : projection;
          };
 
          path.context = function (_) {
 
        function d3_geoTransform (methods) {
          return {
-           stream: transformer(methods)
+           stream: transformer$1(methods)
          };
        }
-       function transformer(methods) {
+       function transformer$1(methods) {
          return function (stream) {
            var s = new TransformStream();
 
          var clip = projection.clipExtent && projection.clipExtent();
          projection.scale(150).translate([0, 0]);
          if (clip != null) projection.clipExtent(null);
-         d3_geoStream(object, projection.stream(boundsStream$1));
-         fitBounds(boundsStream$1.result());
+         d3_geoStream(object, projection.stream(boundsStream));
+         fitBounds(boundsStream.result());
          if (clip != null) projection.clipExtent(clip);
          return projection;
        }
        }
 
        function resampleNone(project) {
-         return transformer({
+         return transformer$1({
            point: function point(x, y) {
              x = project(x, y);
              this.stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
              var a = a0 + a1,
                  b = b0 + b1,
                  c = c0 + c1,
-                 m = sqrt$1(a * a + b * b + c * c),
+                 m = sqrt(a * a + b * b + c * c),
                  phi2 = asin(c /= m),
-                 lambda2 = abs$2(abs$2(c) - 1) < epsilon || abs$2(lambda0 - lambda1) < epsilon ? (lambda0 + lambda1) / 2 : atan2(b, a),
+                 lambda2 = abs$2(abs$2(c) - 1) < epsilon$1 || abs$2(lambda0 - lambda1) < epsilon$1 ? (lambda0 + lambda1) / 2 : atan2(b, a),
                  p = project(lambda2, phi2),
                  x2 = p[0],
                  y2 = p[1],
          };
        }
 
-       var transformRadians = transformer({
+       var transformRadians = transformer$1({
          point: function point(x, y) {
            this.stream.point(x * radians, y * radians);
          }
        });
 
        function transformRotate(rotate) {
-         return transformer({
+         return transformer$1({
            point: function point(x, y) {
              var r = rotate(x, y);
              return this.stream.point(r[0], r[1]);
              y0,
              x1,
              y1,
-             postclip = identity,
+             postclip = identity$4,
              // post-clip extent
          delta2 = 0.5,
              // precision
 
          function invert(point) {
            point = projectRotateTransform.invert(point[0], point[1]);
-           return point && [point[0] * degrees, point[1] * degrees];
+           return point && [point[0] * degrees$1, point[1] * degrees$1];
          }
 
          projection.stream = function (stream) {
          };
 
          projection.clipAngle = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (preclip = +_ ? clipCircle(theta = _ * radians) : (theta = null, clipAntimeridian), reset()) : theta * degrees;
+           return arguments.length ? (preclip = +_ ? clipCircle(theta = _ * radians) : (theta = null, clipAntimeridian), reset()) : theta * degrees$1;
          };
 
          projection.clipExtent = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
+           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity$4) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
          };
 
          projection.scale = function (_) {
          };
 
          projection.center = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (lambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, phi = _[1] % 360 * radians, recenter()) : [lambda * degrees, phi * degrees];
+           return arguments.length ? (lambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, phi = _[1] % 360 * radians, recenter()) : [lambda * degrees$1, phi * degrees$1];
          };
 
          projection.rotate = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (deltaLambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, deltaPhi = _[1] % 360 * radians, deltaGamma = _.length > 2 ? _[2] % 360 * radians : 0, recenter()) : [deltaLambda * degrees, deltaPhi * degrees, deltaGamma * degrees];
+           return arguments.length ? (deltaLambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, deltaPhi = _[1] % 360 * radians, deltaGamma = _.length > 2 ? _[2] % 360 * radians : 0, recenter()) : [deltaLambda * degrees$1, deltaPhi * degrees$1, deltaGamma * degrees$1];
          };
 
          projection.angle = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, recenter()) : alpha * degrees;
+           return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, recenter()) : alpha * degrees$1;
          };
 
          projection.reflectX = function (_) {
          };
 
          projection.precision = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2 = _ * _), reset()) : sqrt$1(delta2);
+           return arguments.length ? (projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2 = _ * _), reset()) : sqrt(delta2);
          };
 
          projection.fitExtent = function (extent, object) {
        }
 
        mercatorRaw.invert = function (x, y) {
-         return [x, 2 * atan(exp(y)) - halfPi];
+         return [x, 2 * atan(exp$2(y)) - halfPi];
        };
 
        function mercator () {
              // clip extent
          kx = 1,
              ky = 1,
-             transform = transformer({
+             transform = transformer$1({
            point: function point(x, y) {
              var p = projection([x, y]);
              this.stream.point(p[0], p[1]);
            }
          }),
-             postclip = identity,
+             postclip = identity$4,
              cache,
              cacheStream;
 
          };
 
          projection.clipExtent = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
+           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity$4) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
          };
 
          projection.scale = function (_) {
          };
 
          projection.angle = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, sa = sin(alpha), ca = cos(alpha), reset()) : alpha * degrees;
+           return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, sa = sin(alpha), ca = cos(alpha), reset()) : alpha * degrees$1;
          };
 
          projection.reflectX = function (_) {
          }
        });
 
-       var $every$1 = arrayIteration.every;
-
-
+       var $$p = _export;
+       var $every = arrayIteration.every;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$1 = arrayMethodIsStrict$8;
 
-       var STRICT_METHOD$6 = arrayMethodIsStrict('every');
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$8 = arrayMethodUsesToLength('every');
+       var STRICT_METHOD$1 = arrayMethodIsStrict$1('every');
 
        // `Array.prototype.every` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.every
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD$6 || !USES_TO_LENGTH$8 }, {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.every
+       $$p({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD$1 }, {
          every: function every(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
-           return $every$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+           return $every(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
        });
 
-       var $reduce$1 = arrayReduce.left;
-
-
+       var $$o = _export;
+       var $reduce = arrayReduce.left;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict = arrayMethodIsStrict$8;
+       var CHROME_VERSION = engineV8Version;
+       var IS_NODE = engineIsNode;
 
-       var STRICT_METHOD$7 = arrayMethodIsStrict('reduce');
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$9 = arrayMethodUsesToLength('reduce', { 1: 0 });
+       var STRICT_METHOD = arrayMethodIsStrict('reduce');
+       // Chrome 80-82 has a critical bug
+       // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1049982
+       var CHROME_BUG = !IS_NODE && CHROME_VERSION > 79 && CHROME_VERSION < 83;
 
        // `Array.prototype.reduce` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduce
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD$7 || !USES_TO_LENGTH$9 }, {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduce
+       $$o({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD || CHROME_BUG }, {
          reduce: function reduce(callbackfn /* , initialValue */) {
-           return $reduce$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+           return $reduce(this, callbackfn, arguments.length, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
        });
 
 
          var x = 0;
          var y = 0;
-         if (point[0] > dimensions[0] - pad[1]) x = -10;
-         if (point[0] < pad[3]) x = 10;
-         if (point[1] > dimensions[1] - pad[2]) y = -10;
-         if (point[1] < pad[0]) y = 10;
+
+         if (point[0] > dimensions[0] - pad[1]) {
+           x = -10;
+         }
+
+         if (point[0] < pad[3]) {
+           x = 10;
+         }
+
+         if (point[1] > dimensions[1] - pad[2]) {
+           y = -10;
+         }
+
+         if (point[1] < pad[0]) {
+           y = 10;
+         }
 
          if (x || y) {
            return [x, y];
          }
        }
 
-       var noop$1 = {
+       var noop = {
          value: function value() {}
        };
 
-       function dispatch() {
+       function dispatch$8() {
          for (var i = 0, n = arguments.length, _ = {}, t; i < n; ++i) {
            if (!(t = arguments[i] + "") || t in _ || /[\s.]/.test(t)) throw new Error("illegal type: " + t);
            _[t] = [];
          }
 
-         return new Dispatch$1(_);
+         return new Dispatch(_);
        }
 
-       function Dispatch$1(_) {
+       function Dispatch(_) {
          this._ = _;
        }
 
-       function parseTypenames(typenames, types) {
+       function parseTypenames$1(typenames, types) {
          return typenames.trim().split(/^|\s+/).map(function (t) {
            var name = "",
                i = t.indexOf(".");
          });
        }
 
-       Dispatch$1.prototype = dispatch.prototype = {
-         constructor: Dispatch$1,
+       Dispatch.prototype = dispatch$8.prototype = {
+         constructor: Dispatch,
          on: function on(typename, callback) {
            var _ = this._,
-               T = parseTypenames(typename + "", _),
+               T = parseTypenames$1(typename + "", _),
                t,
                i = -1,
                n = T.length; // If no callback was specified, return the callback of the given type and name.
 
            if (arguments.length < 2) {
              while (++i < n) {
-               if ((t = (typename = T[i]).type) && (t = get$3(_[t], typename.name))) return t;
+               if ((t = (typename = T[i]).type) && (t = get$2(_[t], typename.name))) return t;
              }
 
              return;
            if (callback != null && typeof callback !== "function") throw new Error("invalid callback: " + callback);
 
            while (++i < n) {
-             if (t = (typename = T[i]).type) _[t] = set$3(_[t], typename.name, callback);else if (callback == null) for (t in _) {
-               _[t] = set$3(_[t], typename.name, null);
+             if (t = (typename = T[i]).type) _[t] = set$1(_[t], typename.name, callback);else if (callback == null) for (t in _) {
+               _[t] = set$1(_[t], typename.name, null);
              }
            }
 
              copy[t] = _[t].slice();
            }
 
-           return new Dispatch$1(copy);
+           return new Dispatch(copy);
          },
          call: function call(type, that) {
            if ((n = arguments.length - 2) > 0) for (var args = new Array(n), i = 0, n, t; i < n; ++i) {
          }
        };
 
-       function get$3(type, name) {
+       function get$2(type, name) {
          for (var i = 0, n = type.length, c; i < n; ++i) {
            if ((c = type[i]).name === name) {
              return c.value;
          }
        }
 
-       function set$3(type, name, callback) {
+       function set$1(type, name, callback) {
          for (var i = 0, n = type.length; i < n; ++i) {
            if (type[i].name === name) {
-             type[i] = noop$1, type = type.slice(0, i).concat(type.slice(i + 1));
+             type[i] = noop, type = type.slice(0, i).concat(type.slice(i + 1));
              break;
            }
          }
            }
          }
 
-         return new Selection(subgroups, this._parents);
+         return new Selection$1(subgroups, this._parents);
        }
 
        function array (x) {
            }
          }
 
-         return new Selection(subgroups, parents);
+         return new Selection$1(subgroups, parents);
        }
 
-       var $find$1 = arrayIteration.find;
-
-
+       var $$n = _export;
+       var $find = arrayIteration.find;
+       var addToUnscopables$2 = addToUnscopables$5;
 
        var FIND = 'find';
-       var SKIPS_HOLES = true;
-
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$a = arrayMethodUsesToLength(FIND);
+       var SKIPS_HOLES$1 = true;
 
        // Shouldn't skip holes
-       if (FIND in []) Array(1)[FIND](function () { SKIPS_HOLES = false; });
+       if (FIND in []) Array(1)[FIND](function () { SKIPS_HOLES$1 = false; });
 
        // `Array.prototype.find` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.find
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: SKIPS_HOLES || !USES_TO_LENGTH$a }, {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.find
+       $$n({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: SKIPS_HOLES$1 }, {
          find: function find(callbackfn /* , that = undefined */) {
-           return $find$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+           return $find(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
        });
 
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
-       addToUnscopables(FIND);
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables$2(FIND);
 
        function matcher (selector) {
          return function () {
          };
        }
 
-       var find$1 = Array.prototype.find;
+       var find = Array.prototype.find;
 
        function childFind(match) {
          return function () {
-           return find$1.call(this.children, match);
+           return find.call(this.children, match);
          };
        }
 
            }
          }
 
-         return new Selection(subgroups, this._parents);
+         return new Selection$1(subgroups, this._parents);
        }
 
        function sparse (update) {
        }
 
        function selection_enter () {
-         return new Selection(this._enter || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
+         return new Selection$1(this._enter || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
        }
        function EnterNode(parent, datum) {
          this.ownerDocument = parent.ownerDocument;
          }
        };
 
-       function constant (x) {
+       function constant$3 (x) {
          return function () {
            return x;
          };
          var bind = key ? bindKey : bindIndex,
              parents = this._parents,
              groups = this._groups;
-         if (typeof value !== "function") value = constant(value);
+         if (typeof value !== "function") value = constant$3(value);
 
          for (var m = groups.length, update = new Array(m), enter = new Array(m), exit = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            var parent = parents[j],
            }
          }
 
-         update = new Selection(update, parents);
+         update = new Selection$1(update, parents);
          update._enter = enter;
          update._exit = exit;
          return update;
        }
 
        function selection_exit () {
-         return new Selection(this._exit || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
+         return new Selection$1(this._exit || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
        }
 
        function selection_join (onenter, onupdate, onexit) {
        }
 
        function selection_merge (selection) {
-         if (!(selection instanceof Selection)) throw new Error("invalid merge");
+         if (!(selection instanceof Selection$1)) throw new Error("invalid merge");
 
          for (var groups0 = this._groups, groups1 = selection._groups, m0 = groups0.length, m1 = groups1.length, m = Math.min(m0, m1), merges = new Array(m0), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group0 = groups0[j], group1 = groups1[j], n = group0.length, merge = merges[j] = new Array(n), node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            merges[j] = groups0[j];
          }
 
-         return new Selection(merges, this._parents);
+         return new Selection$1(merges, this._parents);
        }
 
        function selection_order () {
            sortgroup.sort(compareNode);
          }
 
-         return new Selection(sortgroups, this._parents).order();
+         return new Selection$1(sortgroups, this._parents).order();
        }
 
        function ascending(a, b) {
          return this;
        }
 
-       function attrRemove(name) {
+       function attrRemove$1(name) {
          return function () {
            this.removeAttribute(name);
          };
        }
 
-       function attrRemoveNS(fullname) {
+       function attrRemoveNS$1(fullname) {
          return function () {
            this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
          };
        }
 
-       function attrConstant(name, value) {
+       function attrConstant$1(name, value) {
          return function () {
            this.setAttribute(name, value);
          };
        }
 
-       function attrConstantNS(fullname, value) {
+       function attrConstantNS$1(fullname, value) {
          return function () {
            this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, value);
          };
        }
 
-       function attrFunction(name, value) {
+       function attrFunction$1(name, value) {
          return function () {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (v == null) this.removeAttribute(name);else this.setAttribute(name, v);
          };
        }
 
-       function attrFunctionNS(fullname, value) {
+       function attrFunctionNS$1(fullname, value) {
          return function () {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (v == null) this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);else this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, v);
            return fullname.local ? node.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local) : node.getAttribute(fullname);
          }
 
-         return this.each((value == null ? fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS : attrRemove : typeof value === "function" ? fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS : attrFunction : fullname.local ? attrConstantNS : attrConstant)(fullname, value));
+         return this.each((value == null ? fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS$1 : attrRemove$1 : typeof value === "function" ? fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS$1 : attrFunction$1 : fullname.local ? attrConstantNS$1 : attrConstant$1)(fullname, value));
        }
 
        function defaultView (node) {
          || node.defaultView; // node is a Document
        }
 
-       function styleRemove(name) {
+       function styleRemove$1(name) {
          return function () {
            this.style.removeProperty(name);
          };
        }
 
-       function styleConstant(name, value, priority) {
+       function styleConstant$1(name, value, priority) {
          return function () {
            this.style.setProperty(name, value, priority);
          };
        }
 
-       function styleFunction(name, value, priority) {
+       function styleFunction$1(name, value, priority) {
          return function () {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (v == null) this.style.removeProperty(name);else this.style.setProperty(name, v, priority);
        }
 
        function selection_style (name, value, priority) {
-         return arguments.length > 1 ? this.each((value == null ? styleRemove : typeof value === "function" ? styleFunction : styleConstant)(name, value, priority == null ? "" : priority)) : styleValue(this.node(), name);
+         return arguments.length > 1 ? this.each((value == null ? styleRemove$1 : typeof value === "function" ? styleFunction$1 : styleConstant$1)(name, value, priority == null ? "" : priority)) : styleValue(this.node(), name);
        }
        function styleValue(node, name) {
          return node.style.getPropertyValue(name) || defaultView(node).getComputedStyle(node, null).getPropertyValue(name);
          this.textContent = "";
        }
 
-       function textConstant(value) {
+       function textConstant$1(value) {
          return function () {
            this.textContent = value;
          };
        }
 
-       function textFunction(value) {
+       function textFunction$1(value) {
          return function () {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            this.textContent = v == null ? "" : v;
        }
 
        function selection_text (value) {
-         return arguments.length ? this.each(value == null ? textRemove : (typeof value === "function" ? textFunction : textConstant)(value)) : this.node().textContent;
+         return arguments.length ? this.each(value == null ? textRemove : (typeof value === "function" ? textFunction$1 : textConstant$1)(value)) : this.node().textContent;
        }
 
        function htmlRemove() {
          });
        }
 
-       function remove() {
+       function remove$7() {
          var parent = this.parentNode;
          if (parent) parent.removeChild(this);
        }
 
        function selection_remove () {
-         return this.each(remove);
+         return this.each(remove$7);
        }
 
        function selection_cloneShallow() {
          };
        }
 
-       function parseTypenames$1(typenames) {
+       function parseTypenames(typenames) {
          return typenames.trim().split(/^|\s+/).map(function (t) {
            var name = "",
                i = t.indexOf(".");
        }
 
        function selection_on (typename, value, options) {
-         var typenames = parseTypenames$1(typename + ""),
+         var typenames = parseTypenames(typename + ""),
              i,
              n = typenames.length,
              t;
          return this;
        }
 
-       function dispatchEvent$1(node, type, params) {
+       function dispatchEvent(node, type, params) {
          var window = defaultView(node),
              event = window.CustomEvent;
 
 
        function dispatchConstant(type, params) {
          return function () {
-           return dispatchEvent$1(this, type, params);
+           return dispatchEvent(this, type, params);
          };
        }
 
        function dispatchFunction(type, params) {
          return function () {
-           return dispatchEvent$1(this, type, params.apply(this, arguments));
+           return dispatchEvent(this, type, params.apply(this, arguments));
          };
        }
 
          return this.each((typeof params === "function" ? dispatchFunction : dispatchConstant)(type, params));
        }
 
-       var _marked$2 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(_callee);
+       var _marked$1 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(_callee);
 
        function _callee() {
          var groups, j, m, group, i, n, node;
                  return _context.stop();
              }
            }
-         }, _marked$2, this);
+         }, _marked$1, this);
        }
 
-       var root = [null];
-       function Selection(groups, parents) {
+       var root$1 = [null];
+       function Selection$1(groups, parents) {
          this._groups = groups;
          this._parents = parents;
        }
 
        function selection() {
-         return new Selection([[document.documentElement]], root);
+         return new Selection$1([[document.documentElement]], root$1);
        }
 
        function selection_selection() {
          return this;
        }
 
-       Selection.prototype = selection.prototype = _defineProperty({
-         constructor: Selection,
+       Selection$1.prototype = selection.prototype = _defineProperty({
+         constructor: Selection$1,
          select: selection_select,
          selectAll: selection_selectAll,
          selectChild: selection_selectChild,
        }, Symbol.iterator, _callee);
 
        function select (selector) {
-         return typeof selector === "string" ? new Selection([[document.querySelector(selector)]], [document.documentElement]) : new Selection([[selector]], root);
+         return typeof selector === "string" ? new Selection$1([[document.querySelector(selector)]], [document.documentElement]) : new Selection$1([[selector]], root$1);
        }
 
        function sourceEvent (event) {
        }
 
        function selectAll (selector) {
-         return typeof selector === "string" ? new Selection([document.querySelectorAll(selector)], [document.documentElement]) : new Selection([selector == null ? [] : array(selector)], root);
+         return typeof selector === "string" ? new Selection$1([document.querySelectorAll(selector)], [document.documentElement]) : new Selection$1([selector == null ? [] : array(selector)], root$1);
        }
 
-       function nopropagation(event) {
+       function nopropagation$1(event) {
          event.stopImmediatePropagation();
        }
-       function noevent (event) {
+       function noevent$1 (event) {
          event.preventDefault();
          event.stopImmediatePropagation();
        }
 
        function dragDisable (view) {
          var root = view.document.documentElement,
-             selection = select(view).on("dragstart.drag", noevent, true);
+             selection = select(view).on("dragstart.drag", noevent$1, true);
 
          if ("onselectstart" in root) {
-           selection.on("selectstart.drag", noevent, true);
+           selection.on("selectstart.drag", noevent$1, true);
          } else {
            root.__noselect = root.style.MozUserSelect;
            root.style.MozUserSelect = "none";
              selection = select(view).on("dragstart.drag", null);
 
          if (noclick) {
-           selection.on("click.drag", noevent, true);
+           selection.on("click.drag", noevent$1, true);
            setTimeout(function () {
              selection.on("click.drag", null);
            }, 0);
          }
        }
 
-       var constant$1 = (function (x) {
+       var constant$2 = (function (x) {
          return function () {
            return x;
          };
        });
 
-       // `Object.defineProperties` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperties
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !descriptors, sham: !descriptors }, {
-         defineProperties: objectDefineProperties
-       });
-
        function DragEvent(type, _ref) {
          var sourceEvent = _ref.sourceEvent,
              subject = _ref.subject,
          return value === this._ ? this : value;
        };
 
-       function defaultFilter(event) {
+       function defaultFilter$2(event) {
          return !event.ctrlKey && !event.button;
        }
 
          } : d;
        }
 
-       function defaultTouchable() {
+       function defaultTouchable$1() {
          return navigator.maxTouchPoints || "ontouchstart" in this;
        }
 
        function d3_drag () {
-         var filter = defaultFilter,
+         var filter = defaultFilter$2,
              container = defaultContainer,
              subject = defaultSubject,
-             touchable = defaultTouchable,
+             touchable = defaultTouchable$1,
              gestures = {},
-             listeners = dispatch("start", "drag", "end"),
+             listeners = dispatch$8("start", "drag", "end"),
              active = 0,
              mousedownx,
              mousedowny,
            if (!gesture) return;
            select(event.view).on("mousemove.drag", mousemoved, true).on("mouseup.drag", mouseupped, true);
            dragDisable(event.view);
-           nopropagation(event);
+           nopropagation$1(event);
            mousemoving = false;
            mousedownx = event.clientX;
            mousedowny = event.clientY;
          }
 
          function mousemoved(event) {
-           noevent(event);
+           noevent$1(event);
 
            if (!mousemoving) {
              var dx = event.clientX - mousedownx,
          function mouseupped(event) {
            select(event.view).on("mousemove.drag mouseup.drag", null);
            yesdrag(event.view, mousemoving);
-           noevent(event);
+           noevent$1(event);
            gestures.mouse("end", event);
          }
 
 
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (gesture = beforestart(this, c, event, d, touches[i].identifier, touches[i])) {
-               nopropagation(event);
+               nopropagation$1(event);
                gesture("start", event, touches[i]);
              }
            }
 
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (gesture = gestures[touches[i].identifier]) {
-               noevent(event);
+               noevent$1(event);
                gesture("drag", event, touches[i]);
              }
            }
 
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (gesture = gestures[touches[i].identifier]) {
-               nopropagation(event);
+               nopropagation$1(event);
                gesture("end", event, touches[i]);
              }
            }
          }
 
          drag.filter = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(!!_), drag) : filter;
+           return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$2(!!_), drag) : filter;
          };
 
          drag.container = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (container = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(_), drag) : container;
+           return arguments.length ? (container = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$2(_), drag) : container;
          };
 
          drag.subject = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (subject = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(_), drag) : subject;
+           return arguments.length ? (subject = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$2(_), drag) : subject;
          };
 
          drag.touchable = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(!!_), drag) : touchable;
+           return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$2(!!_), drag) : touchable;
          };
 
          drag.on = function () {
          return drag;
        }
 
-       var defineProperty$9 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$3 = descriptors;
+       var global$3 = global$F;
+       var isForced$1 = isForced_1;
+       var inheritIfRequired$1 = inheritIfRequired$4;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty = createNonEnumerableProperty$e;
+       var defineProperty$1 = objectDefineProperty.f;
        var getOwnPropertyNames$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
-
-
-
-
-
-       var setInternalState$8 = internalState.set;
-
-
-
-       var MATCH$1 = wellKnownSymbol('match');
-       var NativeRegExp = global_1.RegExp;
-       var RegExpPrototype$1 = NativeRegExp.prototype;
+       var isRegExp$1 = isRegexp;
+       var getFlags = regexpFlags$1;
+       var stickyHelpers = regexpStickyHelpers;
+       var redefine$2 = redefine$g.exports;
+       var fails$a = fails$N;
+       var has$1 = has$j;
+       var enforceInternalState = internalState.enforce;
+       var setSpecies = setSpecies$5;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$1 = wellKnownSymbol$s;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL = regexpUnsupportedDotAll;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_NCG = regexpUnsupportedNcg;
+
+       var MATCH$1 = wellKnownSymbol$1('match');
+       var NativeRegExp = global$3.RegExp;
+       var RegExpPrototype = NativeRegExp.prototype;
+       // TODO: Use only propper RegExpIdentifierName
+       var IS_NCG = /^\?<[^\s\d!#%&*+<=>@^][^\s!#%&*+<=>@^]*>/;
        var re1 = /a/g;
        var re2 = /a/g;
 
        // "new" should create a new object, old webkit bug
        var CORRECT_NEW = new NativeRegExp(re1) !== re1;
 
-       var UNSUPPORTED_Y$2 = regexpStickyHelpers.UNSUPPORTED_Y;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_Y = stickyHelpers.UNSUPPORTED_Y;
+
+       var BASE_FORCED = DESCRIPTORS$3 &&
+         (!CORRECT_NEW || UNSUPPORTED_Y || UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL || UNSUPPORTED_NCG || fails$a(function () {
+           re2[MATCH$1] = false;
+           // RegExp constructor can alter flags and IsRegExp works correct with @@match
+           return NativeRegExp(re1) != re1 || NativeRegExp(re2) == re2 || NativeRegExp(re1, 'i') != '/a/i';
+         }));
+
+       var handleDotAll = function (string) {
+         var length = string.length;
+         var index = 0;
+         var result = '';
+         var brackets = false;
+         var chr;
+         for (; index <= length; index++) {
+           chr = string.charAt(index);
+           if (chr === '\\') {
+             result += chr + string.charAt(++index);
+             continue;
+           }
+           if (!brackets && chr === '.') {
+             result += '[\\s\\S]';
+           } else {
+             if (chr === '[') {
+               brackets = true;
+             } else if (chr === ']') {
+               brackets = false;
+             } result += chr;
+           }
+         } return result;
+       };
 
-       var FORCED$b = descriptors && isForced_1('RegExp', (!CORRECT_NEW || UNSUPPORTED_Y$2 || fails(function () {
-         re2[MATCH$1] = false;
-         // RegExp constructor can alter flags and IsRegExp works correct with @@match
-         return NativeRegExp(re1) != re1 || NativeRegExp(re2) == re2 || NativeRegExp(re1, 'i') != '/a/i';
-       })));
+       var handleNCG = function (string) {
+         var length = string.length;
+         var index = 0;
+         var result = '';
+         var named = [];
+         var names = {};
+         var brackets = false;
+         var ncg = false;
+         var groupid = 0;
+         var groupname = '';
+         var chr;
+         for (; index <= length; index++) {
+           chr = string.charAt(index);
+           if (chr === '\\') {
+             chr = chr + string.charAt(++index);
+           } else if (chr === ']') {
+             brackets = false;
+           } else if (!brackets) switch (true) {
+             case chr === '[':
+               brackets = true;
+               break;
+             case chr === '(':
+               if (IS_NCG.test(string.slice(index + 1))) {
+                 index += 2;
+                 ncg = true;
+               }
+               result += chr;
+               groupid++;
+               continue;
+             case chr === '>' && ncg:
+               if (groupname === '' || has$1(names, groupname)) {
+                 throw new SyntaxError('Invalid capture group name');
+               }
+               names[groupname] = true;
+               named.push([groupname, groupid]);
+               ncg = false;
+               groupname = '';
+               continue;
+           }
+           if (ncg) groupname += chr;
+           else result += chr;
+         } return [result, named];
+       };
 
        // `RegExp` constructor
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-regexp-constructor
-       if (FORCED$b) {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp-constructor
+       if (isForced$1('RegExp', BASE_FORCED)) {
          var RegExpWrapper = function RegExp(pattern, flags) {
            var thisIsRegExp = this instanceof RegExpWrapper;
-           var patternIsRegExp = isRegexp(pattern);
+           var patternIsRegExp = isRegExp$1(pattern);
            var flagsAreUndefined = flags === undefined;
-           var sticky;
+           var groups = [];
+           var rawPattern, rawFlags, dotAll, sticky, handled, result, state;
 
            if (!thisIsRegExp && patternIsRegExp && pattern.constructor === RegExpWrapper && flagsAreUndefined) {
              return pattern;
            if (CORRECT_NEW) {
              if (patternIsRegExp && !flagsAreUndefined) pattern = pattern.source;
            } else if (pattern instanceof RegExpWrapper) {
-             if (flagsAreUndefined) flags = regexpFlags.call(pattern);
+             if (flagsAreUndefined) flags = getFlags.call(pattern);
              pattern = pattern.source;
            }
 
-           if (UNSUPPORTED_Y$2) {
+           pattern = pattern === undefined ? '' : String(pattern);
+           flags = flags === undefined ? '' : String(flags);
+           rawPattern = pattern;
+
+           if (UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL && 'dotAll' in re1) {
+             dotAll = !!flags && flags.indexOf('s') > -1;
+             if (dotAll) flags = flags.replace(/s/g, '');
+           }
+
+           rawFlags = flags;
+
+           if (UNSUPPORTED_Y && 'sticky' in re1) {
              sticky = !!flags && flags.indexOf('y') > -1;
              if (sticky) flags = flags.replace(/y/g, '');
            }
 
-           var result = inheritIfRequired(
+           if (UNSUPPORTED_NCG) {
+             handled = handleNCG(pattern);
+             pattern = handled[0];
+             groups = handled[1];
+           }
+
+           result = inheritIfRequired$1(
              CORRECT_NEW ? new NativeRegExp(pattern, flags) : NativeRegExp(pattern, flags),
-             thisIsRegExp ? this : RegExpPrototype$1,
+             thisIsRegExp ? this : RegExpPrototype,
              RegExpWrapper
            );
 
-           if (UNSUPPORTED_Y$2 && sticky) setInternalState$8(result, { sticky: sticky });
+           if (dotAll || sticky || groups.length) {
+             state = enforceInternalState(result);
+             if (dotAll) {
+               state.dotAll = true;
+               state.raw = RegExpWrapper(handleDotAll(pattern), rawFlags);
+             }
+             if (sticky) state.sticky = true;
+             if (groups.length) state.groups = groups;
+           }
+
+           if (pattern !== rawPattern) try {
+             // fails in old engines, but we have no alternatives for unsupported regex syntax
+             createNonEnumerableProperty(result, 'source', rawPattern === '' ? '(?:)' : rawPattern);
+           } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
 
            return result;
          };
+
          var proxy = function (key) {
-           key in RegExpWrapper || defineProperty$9(RegExpWrapper, key, {
+           key in RegExpWrapper || defineProperty$1(RegExpWrapper, key, {
              configurable: true,
              get: function () { return NativeRegExp[key]; },
              set: function (it) { NativeRegExp[key] = it; }
            });
          };
-         var keys$2 = getOwnPropertyNames$1(NativeRegExp);
-         var index = 0;
-         while (keys$2.length > index) proxy(keys$2[index++]);
-         RegExpPrototype$1.constructor = RegExpWrapper;
-         RegExpWrapper.prototype = RegExpPrototype$1;
-         redefine(global_1, 'RegExp', RegExpWrapper);
+
+         for (var keys$1 = getOwnPropertyNames$1(NativeRegExp), index$1 = 0; keys$1.length > index$1;) {
+           proxy(keys$1[index$1++]);
+         }
+
+         RegExpPrototype.constructor = RegExpWrapper;
+         RegExpWrapper.prototype = RegExpPrototype;
+         redefine$2(global$3, 'RegExp', RegExpWrapper);
        }
 
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-get-regexp-@@species
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-regexp-@@species
        setSpecies('RegExp');
 
        function define (constructor, factory, prototype) {
          constructor.prototype = factory.prototype = prototype;
          prototype.constructor = constructor;
        }
-       function extend(parent, definition) {
+       function extend$3(parent, definition) {
          var prototype = Object.create(parent.prototype);
 
          for (var key in definition) {
          this.b = +b;
          this.opacity = +opacity;
        }
-       define(Rgb, rgb, extend(Color, {
+       define(Rgb, rgb, extend$3(Color, {
          brighter: function brighter(k) {
            k = k == null ? _brighter : Math.pow(_brighter, k);
            return new Rgb(this.r * k, this.g * k, this.b * k, this.opacity);
        }));
 
        function rgb_formatHex() {
-         return "#" + hex$2(this.r) + hex$2(this.g) + hex$2(this.b);
+         return "#" + hex$1(this.r) + hex$1(this.g) + hex$1(this.b);
        }
 
        function rgb_formatRgb() {
          return (a === 1 ? "rgb(" : "rgba(") + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.r) || 0)) + ", " + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.g) || 0)) + ", " + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.b) || 0)) + (a === 1 ? ")" : ", " + a + ")");
        }
 
-       function hex$2(value) {
+       function hex$1(value) {
          value = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(value) || 0));
          return (value < 16 ? "0" : "") + value.toString(16);
        }
          this.opacity = +opacity;
        }
 
-       define(Hsl, hsl, extend(Color, {
+       define(Hsl, hsl, extend$3(Color, {
          brighter: function brighter(k) {
            k = k == null ? _brighter : Math.pow(_brighter, k);
            return new Hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l * k, this.opacity);
          return (h < 60 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * h / 60 : h < 180 ? m2 : h < 240 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * (240 - h) / 60 : m1) * 255;
        }
 
-       var constant$2 = (function (x) {
+       var constant$1 = (function (x) {
          return function () {
            return x;
          };
        });
 
-       function linear(a, d) {
+       function linear$2(a, d) {
          return function (t) {
            return a + t * d;
          };
        }
        function gamma(y) {
          return (y = +y) === 1 ? nogamma : function (a, b) {
-           return b - a ? exponential(a, b, y) : constant$2(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
+           return b - a ? exponential(a, b, y) : constant$1(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
          };
        }
        function nogamma(a, b) {
          var d = b - a;
-         return d ? linear(a, d) : constant$2(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
+         return d ? linear$2(a, d) : constant$1(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
        }
 
        var d3_interpolateRgb = (function rgbGamma(y) {
              i;
 
          for (i = 0; i < na; ++i) {
-           x[i] = interpolate(a[i], b[i]);
+           x[i] = interpolate$1(a[i], b[i]);
          }
 
          for (; i < nb; ++i) {
 
          for (k in b) {
            if (k in a) {
-             i[k] = interpolate(a[k], b[k]);
+             i[k] = interpolate$1(a[k], b[k]);
            } else {
              c[k] = b[k];
            }
          });
        }
 
-       function interpolate (a, b) {
+       function interpolate$1 (a, b) {
          var t = _typeof(b),
              c;
 
-         return b == null || t === "boolean" ? constant$2(b) : (t === "number" ? d3_interpolateNumber : t === "string" ? (c = color(b)) ? (b = c, d3_interpolateRgb) : interpolateString : b instanceof color ? d3_interpolateRgb : b instanceof Date ? date : isNumberArray(b) ? numberArray : Array.isArray(b) ? genericArray : typeof b.valueOf !== "function" && typeof b.toString !== "function" || isNaN(b) ? object : d3_interpolateNumber)(a, b);
+         return b == null || t === "boolean" ? constant$1(b) : (t === "number" ? d3_interpolateNumber : t === "string" ? (c = color(b)) ? (b = c, d3_interpolateRgb) : interpolateString : b instanceof color ? d3_interpolateRgb : b instanceof Date ? date : isNumberArray(b) ? numberArray : Array.isArray(b) ? genericArray : typeof b.valueOf !== "function" && typeof b.toString !== "function" || isNaN(b) ? object : d3_interpolateNumber)(a, b);
        }
 
        function interpolateRound (a, b) {
          };
        }
 
-       var degrees$1 = 180 / Math.PI;
-       var identity$1 = {
+       var degrees = 180 / Math.PI;
+       var identity$3 = {
          translateX: 0,
          translateY: 0,
          rotate: 0,
          return {
            translateX: e,
            translateY: f,
-           rotate: Math.atan2(b, a) * degrees$1,
-           skewX: Math.atan(skewX) * degrees$1,
+           rotate: Math.atan2(b, a) * degrees,
+           skewX: Math.atan(skewX) * degrees,
            scaleX: scaleX,
            scaleY: scaleY
          };
 
        function parseCss(value) {
          var m = new (typeof DOMMatrix === "function" ? DOMMatrix : WebKitCSSMatrix)(value + "");
-         return m.isIdentity ? identity$1 : decompose(m.a, m.b, m.c, m.d, m.e, m.f);
+         return m.isIdentity ? identity$3 : decompose(m.a, m.b, m.c, m.d, m.e, m.f);
        }
        function parseSvg(value) {
-         if (value == null) return identity$1;
+         if (value == null) return identity$3;
          if (!svgNode) svgNode = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "g");
          svgNode.setAttribute("transform", value);
-         if (!(value = svgNode.transform.baseVal.consolidate())) return identity$1;
+         if (!(value = svgNode.transform.baseVal.consolidate())) return identity$3;
          value = value.matrix;
          return decompose(value.a, value.b, value.c, value.d, value.e, value.f);
        }
        var interpolateTransformCss = interpolateTransform(parseCss, "px, ", "px)", "deg)");
        var interpolateTransformSvg = interpolateTransform(parseSvg, ", ", ")", ")");
 
-       var epsilon2$1 = 1e-12;
+       var epsilon2 = 1e-12;
 
        function cosh(x) {
          return ((x = Math.exp(x)) + 1 / x) / 2;
                i,
                S; // Special case for u0 ≅ u1.
 
-           if (d2 < epsilon2$1) {
+           if (d2 < epsilon2) {
              S = Math.log(w1 / w0) / rho;
 
              i = function i(t) {
          return samples;
        }
 
+       var $$m = _export;
+       var bind$2 = functionBind;
+
        // `Function.prototype.bind` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-function.prototype.bind
-       _export({ target: 'Function', proto: true }, {
-         bind: functionBind
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-function.prototype.bind
+       $$m({ target: 'Function', proto: true }, {
+         bind: bind$2
        });
 
        var frame = 0,
            setFrame = (typeof window === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(window)) === "object" && window.requestAnimationFrame ? window.requestAnimationFrame.bind(window) : function (f) {
          setTimeout(f, 17);
        };
-       function now() {
+       function now$1() {
          return clockNow || (setFrame(clearNow), clockNow = clock.now() + clockSkew);
        }
 
          constructor: Timer,
          restart: function restart(callback, delay, time) {
            if (typeof callback !== "function") throw new TypeError("callback is not a function");
-           time = (time == null ? now() : +time) + (delay == null ? 0 : +delay);
+           time = (time == null ? now$1() : +time) + (delay == null ? 0 : +delay);
 
            if (!this._next && taskTail !== this) {
              if (taskTail) taskTail._next = this;else taskHead = this;
          return t;
        }
        function timerFlush() {
-         now(); // Get the current time, if not already set.
+         now$1(); // Get the current time, if not already set.
 
          ++frame; // Pretend we’ve set an alarm, if we haven’t already.
 
          return t;
        }
 
-       var emptyOn = dispatch("start", "end", "cancel", "interrupt");
+       var emptyOn = dispatch$8("start", "end", "cancel", "interrupt");
        var emptyTween = [];
        var CREATED = 0;
        var SCHEDULED = 1;
        function schedule (node, name, id, index, group, timing) {
          var schedules = node.__transition;
          if (!schedules) node.__transition = {};else if (id in schedules) return;
-         create(node, id, {
+         create$3(node, id, {
            name: name,
            index: index,
            // For context during callback.
          });
        }
        function init(node, id) {
-         var schedule = get$4(node, id);
+         var schedule = get$1(node, id);
          if (schedule.state > CREATED) throw new Error("too late; already scheduled");
          return schedule;
        }
-       function set$4(node, id) {
-         var schedule = get$4(node, id);
+       function set(node, id) {
+         var schedule = get$1(node, id);
          if (schedule.state > STARTED) throw new Error("too late; already running");
          return schedule;
        }
-       function get$4(node, id) {
+       function get$1(node, id) {
          var schedule = node.__transition;
          if (!schedule || !(schedule = schedule[id])) throw new Error("transition not found");
          return schedule;
        }
 
-       function create(node, id, self) {
+       function create$3(node, id, self) {
          var schedules = node.__transition,
              tween; // Initialize the self timer when the transition is created.
          // Note the actual delay is not known until the first callback!
        function tweenRemove(id, name) {
          var tween0, tween1;
          return function () {
-           var schedule = set$4(this, id),
+           var schedule = set(this, id),
                tween = schedule.tween; // If this node shared tween with the previous node,
            // just assign the updated shared tween and we’re done!
            // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
          var tween0, tween1;
          if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error();
          return function () {
-           var schedule = set$4(this, id),
+           var schedule = set(this, id),
                tween = schedule.tween; // If this node shared tween with the previous node,
            // just assign the updated shared tween and we’re done!
            // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
          name += "";
 
          if (arguments.length < 2) {
-           var tween = get$4(this.node(), id).tween;
+           var tween = get$1(this.node(), id).tween;
 
            for (var i = 0, n = tween.length, t; i < n; ++i) {
              if ((t = tween[i]).name === name) {
        function tweenValue(transition, name, value) {
          var id = transition._id;
          transition.each(function () {
-           var schedule = set$4(this, id);
+           var schedule = set(this, id);
            (schedule.value || (schedule.value = {}))[name] = value.apply(this, arguments);
          });
          return function (node) {
-           return get$4(node, id).value[name];
+           return get$1(node, id).value[name];
          };
        }
 
-       function interpolate$1 (a, b) {
+       function interpolate (a, b) {
          var c;
          return (typeof b === "number" ? d3_interpolateNumber : b instanceof color ? d3_interpolateRgb : (c = color(b)) ? (b = c, d3_interpolateRgb) : interpolateString)(a, b);
        }
 
-       function attrRemove$1(name) {
+       function attrRemove(name) {
          return function () {
            this.removeAttribute(name);
          };
        }
 
-       function attrRemoveNS$1(fullname) {
+       function attrRemoveNS(fullname) {
          return function () {
            this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
          };
        }
 
-       function attrConstant$1(name, interpolate, value1) {
+       function attrConstant(name, interpolate, value1) {
          var string00,
              string1 = value1 + "",
              interpolate0;
          };
        }
 
-       function attrConstantNS$1(fullname, interpolate, value1) {
+       function attrConstantNS(fullname, interpolate, value1) {
          var string00,
              string1 = value1 + "",
              interpolate0;
          };
        }
 
-       function attrFunction$1(name, interpolate, value) {
+       function attrFunction(name, interpolate, value) {
          var string00, string10, interpolate0;
          return function () {
            var string0,
          };
        }
 
-       function attrFunctionNS$1(fullname, interpolate, value) {
+       function attrFunctionNS(fullname, interpolate, value) {
          var string00, string10, interpolate0;
          return function () {
            var string0,
 
        function transition_attr (name, value) {
          var fullname = namespace(name),
-             i = fullname === "transform" ? interpolateTransformSvg : interpolate$1;
-         return this.attrTween(name, typeof value === "function" ? (fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS$1 : attrFunction$1)(fullname, i, tweenValue(this, "attr." + name, value)) : value == null ? (fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS$1 : attrRemove$1)(fullname) : (fullname.local ? attrConstantNS$1 : attrConstant$1)(fullname, i, value));
+             i = fullname === "transform" ? interpolateTransformSvg : interpolate;
+         return this.attrTween(name, typeof value === "function" ? (fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS : attrFunction)(fullname, i, tweenValue(this, "attr." + name, value)) : value == null ? (fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS : attrRemove)(fullname) : (fullname.local ? attrConstantNS : attrConstant)(fullname, i, value));
        }
 
        function attrInterpolate(name, i) {
 
        function transition_delay (value) {
          var id = this._id;
-         return arguments.length ? this.each((typeof value === "function" ? delayFunction : delayConstant)(id, value)) : get$4(this.node(), id).delay;
+         return arguments.length ? this.each((typeof value === "function" ? delayFunction : delayConstant)(id, value)) : get$1(this.node(), id).delay;
        }
 
        function durationFunction(id, value) {
          return function () {
-           set$4(this, id).duration = +value.apply(this, arguments);
+           set(this, id).duration = +value.apply(this, arguments);
          };
        }
 
        function durationConstant(id, value) {
          return value = +value, function () {
-           set$4(this, id).duration = value;
+           set(this, id).duration = value;
          };
        }
 
        function transition_duration (value) {
          var id = this._id;
-         return arguments.length ? this.each((typeof value === "function" ? durationFunction : durationConstant)(id, value)) : get$4(this.node(), id).duration;
+         return arguments.length ? this.each((typeof value === "function" ? durationFunction : durationConstant)(id, value)) : get$1(this.node(), id).duration;
        }
 
        function easeConstant(id, value) {
          if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error();
          return function () {
-           set$4(this, id).ease = value;
+           set(this, id).ease = value;
          };
        }
 
        function transition_ease (value) {
          var id = this._id;
-         return arguments.length ? this.each(easeConstant(id, value)) : get$4(this.node(), id).ease;
+         return arguments.length ? this.each(easeConstant(id, value)) : get$1(this.node(), id).ease;
        }
 
        function easeVarying(id, value) {
          return function () {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (typeof v !== "function") throw new Error();
-           set$4(this, id).ease = v;
+           set(this, id).ease = v;
          };
        }
 
        function onFunction(id, name, listener) {
          var on0,
              on1,
-             sit = start(name) ? init : set$4;
+             sit = start(name) ? init : set;
          return function () {
            var schedule = sit(this, id),
                on = schedule.on; // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
 
        function transition_on (name, listener) {
          var id = this._id;
-         return arguments.length < 2 ? get$4(this.node(), id).on.on(name) : this.each(onFunction(id, name, listener));
+         return arguments.length < 2 ? get$1(this.node(), id).on.on(name) : this.each(onFunction(id, name, listener));
        }
 
        function removeFunction(id) {
              if ((node = group[i]) && (subnode = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group))) {
                if ("__data__" in node) subnode.__data__ = node.__data__;
                subgroup[i] = subnode;
-               schedule(subgroup[i], name, id, i, subgroup, get$4(node, id));
+               schedule(subgroup[i], name, id, i, subgroup, get$1(node, id));
              }
            }
          }
          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = [], parents = [], j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group[i]) {
-               for (var children = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group), child, inherit = get$4(node, id), k = 0, l = children.length; k < l; ++k) {
+               for (var children = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group), child, inherit = get$1(node, id), k = 0, l = children.length; k < l; ++k) {
                  if (child = children[k]) {
                    schedule(child, name, id, k, children, inherit);
                  }
          return new Transition(subgroups, parents, name, id);
        }
 
-       var Selection$1 = selection.prototype.constructor;
+       var Selection = selection.prototype.constructor;
        function transition_selection () {
-         return new Selection$1(this._groups, this._parents);
+         return new Selection(this._groups, this._parents);
        }
 
        function styleNull(name, interpolate) {
          };
        }
 
-       function styleRemove$1(name) {
+       function styleRemove(name) {
          return function () {
            this.style.removeProperty(name);
          };
        }
 
-       function styleConstant$1(name, interpolate, value1) {
+       function styleConstant(name, interpolate, value1) {
          var string00,
              string1 = value1 + "",
              interpolate0;
          };
        }
 
-       function styleFunction$1(name, interpolate, value) {
+       function styleFunction(name, interpolate, value) {
          var string00, string10, interpolate0;
          return function () {
            var string0 = styleValue(this, name),
              event = "end." + key,
              remove;
          return function () {
-           var schedule = set$4(this, id),
+           var schedule = set(this, id),
                on = schedule.on,
-               listener = schedule.value[key] == null ? remove || (remove = styleRemove$1(name)) : undefined; // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
+               listener = schedule.value[key] == null ? remove || (remove = styleRemove(name)) : undefined; // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
            // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
            // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
 
        }
 
        function transition_style (name, value, priority) {
-         var i = (name += "") === "transform" ? interpolateTransformCss : interpolate$1;
-         return value == null ? this.styleTween(name, styleNull(name, i)).on("end.style." + name, styleRemove$1(name)) : typeof value === "function" ? this.styleTween(name, styleFunction$1(name, i, tweenValue(this, "style." + name, value))).each(styleMaybeRemove(this._id, name)) : this.styleTween(name, styleConstant$1(name, i, value), priority).on("end.style." + name, null);
+         var i = (name += "") === "transform" ? interpolateTransformCss : interpolate;
+         return value == null ? this.styleTween(name, styleNull(name, i)).on("end.style." + name, styleRemove(name)) : typeof value === "function" ? this.styleTween(name, styleFunction(name, i, tweenValue(this, "style." + name, value))).each(styleMaybeRemove(this._id, name)) : this.styleTween(name, styleConstant(name, i, value), priority).on("end.style." + name, null);
        }
 
        function styleInterpolate(name, i, priority) {
          return this.tween(key, styleTween(name, value, priority == null ? "" : priority));
        }
 
-       function textConstant$1(value) {
+       function textConstant(value) {
          return function () {
            this.textContent = value;
          };
        }
 
-       function textFunction$1(value) {
+       function textFunction(value) {
          return function () {
            var value1 = value(this);
            this.textContent = value1 == null ? "" : value1;
        }
 
        function transition_text (value) {
-         return this.tween("text", typeof value === "function" ? textFunction$1(tweenValue(this, "text", value)) : textConstant$1(value == null ? "" : value + ""));
+         return this.tween("text", typeof value === "function" ? textFunction(tweenValue(this, "text", value)) : textConstant(value == null ? "" : value + ""));
        }
 
        function textInterpolate(i) {
          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group[i]) {
-               var inherit = get$4(node, id0);
+               var inherit = get$1(node, id0);
                schedule(node, name, id1, i, group, {
                  time: inherit.time + inherit.delay + inherit.duration,
                  delay: 0,
              }
            };
            that.each(function () {
-             var schedule = set$4(this, id),
+             var schedule = set(this, id),
                  on = schedule.on; // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
              // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
              // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
          });
        }
 
-       var id$1 = 0;
+       var id = 0;
        function Transition(groups, parents, name, id) {
          this._groups = groups;
          this._parents = parents;
          this._name = name;
          this._id = id;
        }
-       function transition(name) {
-         return selection().transition(name);
-       }
        function newId() {
-         return ++id$1;
+         return ++id;
        }
        var selection_prototype = selection.prototype;
-       Transition.prototype = transition.prototype = _defineProperty({
+       Transition.prototype = _defineProperty({
          constructor: Transition,
          select: transition_select,
          selectAll: transition_selectAll,
          if (name instanceof Transition) {
            id = name._id, name = name._name;
          } else {
-           id = newId(), (timing = defaultTiming).time = now(), name = name == null ? null : name + "";
+           id = newId(), (timing = defaultTiming).time = now$1(), name = name == null ? null : name + "";
          }
 
          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
        selection.prototype.interrupt = selection_interrupt;
        selection.prototype.transition = selection_transition;
 
-       var constant$3 = (function (x) {
+       var constant = (function (x) {
          return function () {
            return x;
          };
        };
        var identity$2 = new Transform(1, 0, 0);
 
-       function nopropagation$1(event) {
+       function nopropagation(event) {
          event.stopImmediatePropagation();
        }
-       function noevent$1 (event) {
+       function noevent (event) {
          event.preventDefault();
          event.stopImmediatePropagation();
        }
          return (!event.ctrlKey || event.type === 'wheel') && !event.button;
        }
 
-       function defaultExtent() {
+       function defaultExtent$1() {
          var e = this;
 
          if (e instanceof SVGElement) {
          return this.__zoom || identity$2;
        }
 
-       function defaultWheelDelta(event) {
+       function defaultWheelDelta$1(event) {
          return -event.deltaY * (event.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.05 : event.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.002) * (event.ctrlKey ? 10 : 1);
        }
 
-       function defaultTouchable$1() {
+       function defaultTouchable() {
          return navigator.maxTouchPoints || "ontouchstart" in this;
        }
 
-       function defaultConstrain(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
+       function defaultConstrain$1(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
          var dx0 = transform.invertX(extent[0][0]) - translateExtent[0][0],
              dx1 = transform.invertX(extent[1][0]) - translateExtent[1][0],
              dy0 = transform.invertY(extent[0][1]) - translateExtent[0][1],
 
        function d3_zoom () {
          var filter = defaultFilter$1,
-             extent = defaultExtent,
-             constrain = defaultConstrain,
-             wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta,
-             touchable = defaultTouchable$1,
+             extent = defaultExtent$1,
+             constrain = defaultConstrain$1,
+             wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta$1,
+             touchable = defaultTouchable,
              scaleExtent = [0, Infinity],
              translateExtent = [[-Infinity, -Infinity], [Infinity, Infinity]],
              duration = 250,
              interpolate = interpolateZoom,
-             listeners = dispatch("start", "zoom", "end"),
+             listeners = dispatch$8("start", "zoom", "end"),
              touchstarting,
              touchfirst,
              touchending,
                  g.start();
                }
 
-           noevent$1(event);
+           noevent(event);
            g.wheel = setTimeout(wheelidled, wheelDelay);
            g.zoom("mouse", constrain(translate(scale(t, k), g.mouse[0], g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
 
                x0 = event.clientX,
                y0 = event.clientY;
            dragDisable(event.view);
-           nopropagation$1(event);
+           nopropagation(event);
            g.mouse = [p, this.__zoom.invert(p)];
            interrupt(this);
            g.start();
 
            function mousemoved(event) {
-             noevent$1(event);
+             noevent(event);
 
              if (!g.moved) {
                var dx = event.clientX - x0,
            function mouseupped(event) {
              v.on("mousemove.zoom mouseup.zoom", null);
              yesdrag(event.view, g.moved);
-             noevent$1(event);
+             noevent(event);
              g.event(event).end();
            }
          }
                p1 = t0.invert(p0),
                k1 = t0.k * (event.shiftKey ? 0.5 : 2),
                t1 = constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), extent.apply(this, args), translateExtent);
-           noevent$1(event);
+           noevent(event);
            if (duration > 0) select(this).transition().duration(duration).call(schedule, t1, p0, event);else select(this).call(zoom.transform, t1, p0, event);
          }
 
                i,
                t,
                p;
-           nopropagation$1(event);
+           nopropagation(event);
 
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              t = touches[i], p = pointer(t, this);
                t,
                p,
                l;
-           noevent$1(event);
+           noevent(event);
 
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              t = touches[i], p = pointer(t, this);
                n = touches.length,
                i,
                t;
-           nopropagation$1(event);
+           nopropagation(event);
            if (touchending) clearTimeout(touchending);
            touchending = setTimeout(function () {
              touchending = null;
          }
 
          zoom.wheelDelta = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
+           return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
          };
 
          zoom.filter = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3(!!_), zoom) : filter;
+           return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant(!!_), zoom) : filter;
          };
 
          zoom.touchable = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3(!!_), zoom) : touchable;
+           return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant(!!_), zoom) : touchable;
          };
 
          zoom.extent = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (extent = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
+           return arguments.length ? (extent = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
          };
 
          zoom.scaleExtent = function (_) {
          return score;
        }
 
-       var onFreeze = internalMetadata.onFreeze;
+       var $$l = _export;
+       var FREEZING = freezing;
+       var fails$9 = fails$N;
+       var isObject$4 = isObject$r;
+       var onFreeze = internalMetadata.exports.onFreeze;
 
-       var nativeFreeze = Object.freeze;
-       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$4 = fails(function () { nativeFreeze(1); });
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-freeze -- safe
+       var $freeze = Object.freeze;
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES = fails$9(function () { $freeze(1); });
 
        // `Object.freeze` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.freeze
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$4, sham: !freezing }, {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.freeze
+       $$l({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES, sham: !FREEZING }, {
          freeze: function freeze(it) {
-           return nativeFreeze && isObject(it) ? nativeFreeze(onFreeze(it)) : it;
+           return $freeze && isObject$4(it) ? $freeze(onFreeze(it)) : it;
          }
        });
 
          }, []);
        }
 
+       var DESCRIPTORS$2 = descriptors;
+       var global$2 = global$F;
+       var isForced = isForced_1;
+       var redefine$1 = redefine$g.exports;
+       var has = has$j;
+       var classof$1 = classofRaw$1;
+       var inheritIfRequired = inheritIfRequired$4;
+       var toPrimitive$1 = toPrimitive$7;
+       var fails$8 = fails$N;
+       var create$2 = objectCreate;
+       var getOwnPropertyNames = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var defineProperty = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var trim$2 = stringTrim.trim;
+
+       var NUMBER = 'Number';
+       var NativeNumber = global$2[NUMBER];
+       var NumberPrototype = NativeNumber.prototype;
+
+       // Opera ~12 has broken Object#toString
+       var BROKEN_CLASSOF = classof$1(create$2(NumberPrototype)) == NUMBER;
+
+       // `ToNumber` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-tonumber
+       var toNumber$1 = function (argument) {
+         var it = toPrimitive$1(argument, false);
+         var first, third, radix, maxCode, digits, length, index, code;
+         if (typeof it == 'string' && it.length > 2) {
+           it = trim$2(it);
+           first = it.charCodeAt(0);
+           if (first === 43 || first === 45) {
+             third = it.charCodeAt(2);
+             if (third === 88 || third === 120) return NaN; // Number('+0x1') should be NaN, old V8 fix
+           } else if (first === 48) {
+             switch (it.charCodeAt(1)) {
+               case 66: case 98: radix = 2; maxCode = 49; break; // fast equal of /^0b[01]+$/i
+               case 79: case 111: radix = 8; maxCode = 55; break; // fast equal of /^0o[0-7]+$/i
+               default: return +it;
+             }
+             digits = it.slice(2);
+             length = digits.length;
+             for (index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+               code = digits.charCodeAt(index);
+               // parseInt parses a string to a first unavailable symbol
+               // but ToNumber should return NaN if a string contains unavailable symbols
+               if (code < 48 || code > maxCode) return NaN;
+             } return parseInt(digits, radix);
+           }
+         } return +it;
+       };
+
+       // `Number` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number-constructor
+       if (isForced(NUMBER, !NativeNumber(' 0o1') || !NativeNumber('0b1') || NativeNumber('+0x1'))) {
+         var NumberWrapper = function Number(value) {
+           var it = arguments.length < 1 ? 0 : value;
+           var dummy = this;
+           return dummy instanceof NumberWrapper
+             // check on 1..constructor(foo) case
+             && (BROKEN_CLASSOF ? fails$8(function () { NumberPrototype.valueOf.call(dummy); }) : classof$1(dummy) != NUMBER)
+               ? inheritIfRequired(new NativeNumber(toNumber$1(it)), dummy, NumberWrapper) : toNumber$1(it);
+         };
+         for (var keys = DESCRIPTORS$2 ? getOwnPropertyNames(NativeNumber) : (
+           // ES3:
+           'MAX_VALUE,MIN_VALUE,NaN,NEGATIVE_INFINITY,POSITIVE_INFINITY,' +
+           // ES2015 (in case, if modules with ES2015 Number statics required before):
+           'EPSILON,isFinite,isInteger,isNaN,isSafeInteger,MAX_SAFE_INTEGER,' +
+           'MIN_SAFE_INTEGER,parseFloat,parseInt,isInteger,' +
+           // ESNext
+           'fromString,range'
+         ).split(','), j$1 = 0, key; keys.length > j$1; j$1++) {
+           if (has(NativeNumber, key = keys[j$1]) && !has(NumberWrapper, key)) {
+             defineProperty(NumberWrapper, key, getOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(NativeNumber, key));
+           }
+         }
+         NumberWrapper.prototype = NumberPrototype;
+         NumberPrototype.constructor = NumberWrapper;
+         redefine$1(global$2, NUMBER, NumberWrapper);
+       }
+
+       var fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$1 = fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic;
+       var anObject$1 = anObject$m;
+       var toLength$3 = toLength$q;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$7 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var advanceStringIndex = advanceStringIndex$3;
+       var regExpExec$1 = regexpExecAbstract;
+
        // @@match logic
-       fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic('match', 1, function (MATCH, nativeMatch, maybeCallNative) {
+       fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$1('match', function (MATCH, nativeMatch, maybeCallNative) {
          return [
            // `String.prototype.match` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.match
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.match
            function match(regexp) {
-             var O = requireObjectCoercible(this);
+             var O = requireObjectCoercible$7(this);
              var matcher = regexp == undefined ? undefined : regexp[MATCH];
              return matcher !== undefined ? matcher.call(regexp, O) : new RegExp(regexp)[MATCH](String(O));
            },
            // `RegExp.prototype[@@match]` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@match
-           function (regexp) {
-             var res = maybeCallNative(nativeMatch, regexp, this);
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@match
+           function (string) {
+             var res = maybeCallNative(nativeMatch, this, string);
              if (res.done) return res.value;
 
-             var rx = anObject(regexp);
-             var S = String(this);
+             var rx = anObject$1(this);
+             var S = String(string);
 
-             if (!rx.global) return regexpExecAbstract(rx, S);
+             if (!rx.global) return regExpExec$1(rx, S);
 
              var fullUnicode = rx.unicode;
              rx.lastIndex = 0;
              var A = [];
              var n = 0;
              var result;
-             while ((result = regexpExecAbstract(rx, S)) !== null) {
+             while ((result = regExpExec$1(rx, S)) !== null) {
                var matchStr = String(result[0]);
                A[n] = matchStr;
-               if (matchStr === '') rx.lastIndex = advanceStringIndex(S, toLength(rx.lastIndex), fullUnicode);
+               if (matchStr === '') rx.lastIndex = advanceStringIndex(S, toLength$3(rx.lastIndex), fullUnicode);
                n++;
              }
              return n === 0 ? null : A;
          ];
        });
 
-       var remove$1 = removeDiacritics;
+       var diacritics = {};
+
+       var remove$6 = diacritics.remove = removeDiacritics;
        var replacementList = [{
          base: ' ',
          chars: "\xA0"
        }];
        var diacriticsMap = {};
 
-       for (var i = 0; i < replacementList.length; i += 1) {
-         var chars = replacementList[i].chars;
+       for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < replacementList.length; i$1 += 1) {
+         var chars = replacementList[i$1].chars;
 
-         for (var j$1 = 0; j$1 < chars.length; j$1 += 1) {
-           diacriticsMap[chars[j$1]] = replacementList[i].base;
+         for (var j = 0; j < chars.length; j += 1) {
+           diacriticsMap[chars[j]] = replacementList[i$1].base;
          }
        }
 
          });
        }
 
-       var replacementList_1 = replacementList;
-       var diacriticsMap_1 = diacriticsMap;
-       var diacritics = {
-         remove: remove$1,
-         replacementList: replacementList_1,
-         diacriticsMap: diacriticsMap_1
-       };
+       diacritics.replacementList = replacementList;
+       diacritics.diacriticsMap = diacriticsMap;
 
-       var isArabic_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
+       var lib = {};
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-         var arabicBlocks = [[0x0600, 0x06FF], [0x0750, 0x077F], [0x08A0, 0x08FF], [0xFB50, 0xFDFF], [0xFE70, 0xFEFF], [0x10E60, 0x10E7F], [0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF], [0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF] // Mathematical Alphabetic symbols https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1EE00.pdf
-         ];
+       var isArabic$1 = {};
 
-         function isArabic(_char) {
-           if (_char.length > 1) {
-             // allow the newer chars?
-             throw new Error('isArabic works on only one-character strings');
-           }
+       Object.defineProperty(isArabic$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var arabicBlocks = [[0x0600, 0x06FF], [0x0750, 0x077F], [0x08A0, 0x08FF], [0xFB50, 0xFDFF], [0xFE70, 0xFEFF], [0x10E60, 0x10E7F], [0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF], [0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF] // Mathematical Alphabetic symbols https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1EE00.pdf
+       ];
 
-           var code = _char.charCodeAt(0);
+       function isArabic(_char) {
+         if (_char.length > 1) {
+           // allow the newer chars?
+           throw new Error('isArabic works on only one-character strings');
+         }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < arabicBlocks.length; i++) {
-             var block = arabicBlocks[i];
+         var code = _char.charCodeAt(0);
 
-             if (code >= block[0] && code <= block[1]) {
-               return true;
-             }
-           }
+         for (var i = 0; i < arabicBlocks.length; i++) {
+           var block = arabicBlocks[i];
 
-           return false;
+           if (code >= block[0] && code <= block[1]) {
+             return true;
+           }
          }
 
-         exports.isArabic = isArabic;
-
-         function isMath(_char2) {
-           if (_char2.length > 2) {
-             // allow the newer chars?
-             throw new Error('isMath works on only one-character strings');
-           }
+         return false;
+       }
 
-           var code = _char2.charCodeAt(0);
+       isArabic$1.isArabic = isArabic;
 
-           return code >= 0x660 && code <= 0x66C || code >= 0x6F0 && code <= 0x6F9;
+       function isMath(_char2) {
+         if (_char2.length > 2) {
+           // allow the newer chars?
+           throw new Error('isMath works on only one-character strings');
          }
 
-         exports.isMath = isMath;
-       });
+         var code = _char2.charCodeAt(0);
 
-       var unicodeArabic = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
+         return code >= 0x660 && code <= 0x66C || code >= 0x6F0 && code <= 0x6F9;
+       }
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-         var arabicReference = {
-           "alef": {
-             "normal": ["\u0627"],
-             "madda_above": {
-               "normal": ["\u0627\u0653", "\u0622"],
-               "isolated": "\uFE81",
-               "final": "\uFE82"
-             },
-             "hamza_above": {
-               "normal": ["\u0627\u0654", "\u0623"],
-               "isolated": "\uFE83",
-               "final": "\uFE84"
-             },
-             "hamza_below": {
-               "normal": ["\u0627\u0655", "\u0625"],
-               "isolated": "\uFE87",
-               "final": "\uFE88"
-             },
-             "wasla": {
-               "normal": "\u0671",
-               "isolated": "\uFB50",
-               "final": "\uFB51"
-             },
-             "wavy_hamza_above": ["\u0672"],
-             "wavy_hamza_below": ["\u0627\u065F", "\u0673"],
-             "high_hamza": ["\u0675", "\u0627\u0674"],
-             "indic_two_above": ["\u0773"],
-             "indic_three_above": ["\u0774"],
-             "fathatan": {
-               "normal": ["\u0627\u064B"],
-               "final": "\uFD3C",
-               "isolated": "\uFD3D"
-             },
-             "isolated": "\uFE8D",
-             "final": "\uFE8E"
-           },
-           "beh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0628"],
-             "dotless": ["\u066E"],
-             "three_dots_horizontally_below": ["\u0750"],
-             "dot_below_three_dots_above": ["\u0751"],
-             "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0752"],
-             "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below_two_dots_above": ["\u0753"],
-             "two_dots_below_dot_above": ["\u0754"],
-             "inverted_small_v_below": ["\u0755"],
-             "small_v": ["\u0756"],
-             "small_v_below": ["\u08A0"],
-             "hamza_above": ["\u08A1"],
-             "small_meem_above": ["\u08B6"],
-             "isolated": "\uFE8F",
-             "final": "\uFE90",
-             "initial": "\uFE91",
-             "medial": "\uFE92"
-           },
-           "teh marbuta": {
-             "normal": ["\u0629"],
-             "isolated": "\uFE93",
-             "final": "\uFE94"
-           },
-           "teh": {
-             "normal": ["\u062A"],
-             "ring": ["\u067C"],
-             "three_dots_above_downwards": ["\u067D"],
-             "small_teh_above": ["\u08B8"],
-             "isolated": "\uFE95",
-             "final": "\uFE96",
-             "initial": "\uFE97",
-             "medial": "\uFE98"
-           },
-           "theh": {
-             "normal": ["\u062B"],
-             "isolated": "\uFE99",
-             "final": "\uFE9A",
-             "initial": "\uFE9B",
-             "medial": "\uFE9C"
-           },
-           "jeem": {
-             "normal": ["\u062C"],
-             "two_dots_above": ["\u08A2"],
-             "isolated": "\uFE9D",
-             "final": "\uFE9E",
-             "initial": "\uFE9F",
-             "medial": "\uFEA0"
-           },
-           "hah": {
-             "normal": ["\u062D"],
-             "hamza_above": ["\u0681"],
-             "two_dots_vertical_above": ["\u0682"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u0685"],
-             "two_dots_above": ["\u0757"],
-             "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0758"],
-             "small_tah_below": ["\u076E"],
-             "small_tah_two_dots": ["\u076F"],
-             "small_tah_above": ["\u0772"],
-             "indic_four_below": ["\u077C"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEA1",
-             "final": "\uFEA2",
-             "initial": "\uFEA3",
-             "medial": "\uFEA4"
-           },
-           "khah": {
-             "normal": ["\u062E"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEA5",
-             "final": "\uFEA6",
-             "initial": "\uFEA7",
-             "medial": "\uFEA8"
-           },
-           "dal": {
-             "normal": ["\u062F"],
-             "ring": ["\u0689"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u068A"],
-             "dot_below_small_tah": ["\u068B"],
-             "three_dots_above_downwards": ["\u068F"],
-             "four_dots_above": ["\u0690"],
-             "inverted_v": ["\u06EE"],
-             "two_dots_vertically_below_small_tah": ["\u0759"],
-             "inverted_small_v_below": ["\u075A"],
-             "three_dots_below": ["\u08AE"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEA9",
-             "final": "\uFEAA"
-           },
-           "thal": {
-             "normal": ["\u0630"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEAB",
-             "final": "\uFEAC"
-           },
-           "reh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0631"],
-             "small_v": ["\u0692"],
-             "ring": ["\u0693"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u0694"],
-             "small_v_below": ["\u0695"],
-             "dot_below_dot_above": ["\u0696"],
-             "two_dots_above": ["\u0697"],
-             "four_dots_above": ["\u0699"],
-             "inverted_v": ["\u06EF"],
-             "stroke": ["\u075B"],
-             "two_dots_vertically_above": ["\u076B"],
-             "hamza_above": ["\u076C"],
-             "small_tah_two_dots": ["\u0771"],
-             "loop": ["\u08AA"],
-             "small_noon_above": ["\u08B9"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEAD",
-             "final": "\uFEAE"
-           },
-           "zain": {
-             "normal": ["\u0632"],
-             "inverted_v_above": ["\u08B2"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEAF",
-             "final": "\uFEB0"
-           },
-           "seen": {
-             "normal": ["\u0633"],
-             "dot_below_dot_above": ["\u069A"],
-             "three_dots_below": ["\u069B"],
-             "three_dots_below_three_dots_above": ["\u069C"],
-             "four_dots_above": ["\u075C"],
-             "two_dots_vertically_above": ["\u076D"],
-             "small_tah_two_dots": ["\u0770"],
-             "indic_four_above": ["\u077D"],
-             "inverted_v": ["\u077E"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEB1",
-             "final": "\uFEB2",
-             "initial": "\uFEB3",
-             "medial": "\uFEB4"
-           },
-           "sheen": {
-             "normal": ["\u0634"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u06FA"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEB5",
-             "final": "\uFEB6",
-             "initial": "\uFEB7",
-             "medial": "\uFEB8"
-           },
-           "sad": {
-             "normal": ["\u0635"],
-             "two_dots_below": ["\u069D"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u069E"],
-             "three_dots_below": ["\u08AF"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEB9",
-             "final": "\uFEBA",
-             "initial": "\uFEBB",
-             "medial": "\uFEBC"
-           },
-           "dad": {
-             "normal": ["\u0636"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u06FB"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEBD",
-             "final": "\uFEBE",
-             "initial": "\uFEBF",
-             "medial": "\uFEC0"
-           },
-           "tah": {
-             "normal": ["\u0637"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u069F"],
-             "two_dots_above": ["\u08A3"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEC1",
-             "final": "\uFEC2",
-             "initial": "\uFEC3",
-             "medial": "\uFEC4"
-           },
-           "zah": {
-             "normal": ["\u0638"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEC5",
-             "final": "\uFEC6",
-             "initial": "\uFEC7",
-             "medial": "\uFEC8"
-           },
-           "ain": {
-             "normal": ["\u0639"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u06A0"],
-             "two_dots_above": ["\u075D"],
-             "three_dots_pointing_downwards_above": ["\u075E"],
-             "two_dots_vertically_above": ["\u075F"],
-             "three_dots_below": ["\u08B3"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEC9",
-             "final": "\uFECA",
-             "initial": "\uFECB",
-             "medial": "\uFECC"
-           },
-           "ghain": {
-             "normal": ["\u063A"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u06FC"],
-             "isolated": "\uFECD",
-             "final": "\uFECE",
-             "initial": "\uFECF",
-             "medial": "\uFED0"
-           },
-           "feh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0641"],
-             "dotless": ["\u06A1"],
-             "dot_moved_below": ["\u06A2"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u06A3"],
-             "three_dots_below": ["\u06A5"],
-             "two_dots_below": ["\u0760"],
-             "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0761"],
-             "dot_below_three_dots_above": ["\u08A4"],
-             "isolated": "\uFED1",
-             "final": "\uFED2",
-             "initial": "\uFED3",
-             "medial": "\uFED4"
-           },
-           "qaf": {
-             "normal": ["\u0642"],
-             "dotless": ["\u066F"],
-             "dot_above": ["\u06A7"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u06A8"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u08A5"],
-             "isolated": "\uFED5",
-             "final": "\uFED6",
-             "initial": "\uFED7",
-             "medial": "\uFED8"
-           },
-           "kaf": {
-             "normal": ["\u0643"],
-             "swash": ["\u06AA"],
-             "ring": ["\u06AB"],
-             "dot_above": ["\u06AC"],
-             "three_dots_below": ["\u06AE"],
-             "two_dots_above": ["\u077F"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u08B4"],
-             "isolated": "\uFED9",
-             "final": "\uFEDA",
-             "initial": "\uFEDB",
-             "medial": "\uFEDC"
-           },
-           "lam": {
-             "normal": ["\u0644"],
-             "small_v": ["\u06B5"],
-             "dot_above": ["\u06B6"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u06B7"],
-             "three_dots_below": ["\u06B8"],
-             "bar": ["\u076A"],
-             "double_bar": ["\u08A6"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEDD",
-             "final": "\uFEDE",
-             "initial": "\uFEDF",
-             "medial": "\uFEE0"
-           },
-           "meem": {
-             "normal": ["\u0645"],
-             "dot_above": ["\u0765"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u0766"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u08A7"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEE1",
-             "final": "\uFEE2",
-             "initial": "\uFEE3",
-             "medial": "\uFEE4"
-           },
-           "noon": {
-             "normal": ["\u0646"],
-             "dot_below": ["\u06B9"],
-             "ring": ["\u06BC"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u06BD"],
-             "two_dots_below": ["\u0767"],
-             "small_tah": ["\u0768"],
-             "small_v": ["\u0769"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEE5",
-             "final": "\uFEE6",
-             "initial": "\uFEE7",
-             "medial": "\uFEE8"
-           },
-           "heh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0647"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEE9",
-             "final": "\uFEEA",
-             "initial": "\uFEEB",
-             "medial": "\uFEEC"
-           },
-           "waw": {
-             "normal": ["\u0648"],
-             "hamza_above": {
-               "normal": ["\u0624", "\u0648\u0654"],
-               "isolated": "\uFE85",
-               "final": "\uFE86"
-             },
-             "high_hamza": ["\u0676", "\u0648\u0674"],
-             "ring": ["\u06C4"],
-             "two_dots_above": ["\u06CA"],
-             "dot_above": ["\u06CF"],
-             "indic_two_above": ["\u0778"],
-             "indic_three_above": ["\u0779"],
-             "dot_within": ["\u08AB"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEED",
-             "final": "\uFEEE"
-           },
-           "alef_maksura": {
-             "normal": ["\u0649"],
-             "hamza_above": ["\u0626", "\u064A\u0654"],
-             "initial": "\uFBE8",
-             "medial": "\uFBE9",
-             "isolated": "\uFEEF",
-             "final": "\uFEF0"
-           },
-           "yeh": {
-             "normal": ["\u064A"],
-             "hamza_above": {
-               "normal": ["\u0626", "\u0649\u0654"],
-               "isolated": "\uFE89",
-               "final": "\uFE8A",
-               "initial": "\uFE8B",
-               "medial": "\uFE8C"
-             },
-             "two_dots_below_hamza_above": ["\u08A8"],
-             "high_hamza": ["\u0678", "\u064A\u0674"],
-             "tail": ["\u06CD"],
-             "small_v": ["\u06CE"],
-             "three_dots_below": ["\u06D1"],
-             "two_dots_below_dot_above": ["\u08A9"],
-             "two_dots_below_small_noon_above": ["\u08BA"],
-             "isolated": "\uFEF1",
-             "final": "\uFEF2",
-             "initial": "\uFEF3",
-             "medial": "\uFEF4"
-           },
-           "tteh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0679"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB66",
-             "final": "\uFB67",
-             "initial": "\uFB68",
-             "medial": "\uFB69"
-           },
-           "tteheh": {
-             "normal": ["\u067A"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB5E",
-             "final": "\uFB5F",
-             "initial": "\uFB60",
-             "medial": "\uFB61"
-           },
-           "beeh": {
-             "normal": ["\u067B"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB52",
-             "final": "\uFB53",
-             "initial": "\uFB54",
-             "medial": "\uFB55"
-           },
-           "peh": {
-             "normal": ["\u067E"],
-             "small_meem_above": ["\u08B7"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB56",
-             "final": "\uFB57",
-             "initial": "\uFB58",
-             "medial": "\uFB59"
-           },
-           "teheh": {
-             "normal": ["\u067F"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB62",
-             "final": "\uFB63",
-             "initial": "\uFB64",
-             "medial": "\uFB65"
-           },
-           "beheh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0680"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB5A",
-             "final": "\uFB5B",
-             "initial": "\uFB5C",
-             "medial": "\uFB5D"
-           },
-           "nyeh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0683"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB76",
-             "final": "\uFB77",
-             "initial": "\uFB78",
-             "medial": "\uFB79"
-           },
-           "dyeh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0684"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB72",
-             "final": "\uFB73",
-             "initial": "\uFB74",
-             "medial": "\uFB75"
-           },
-           "tcheh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0686"],
-             "dot_above": ["\u06BF"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB7A",
-             "final": "\uFB7B",
-             "initial": "\uFB7C",
-             "medial": "\uFB7D"
-           },
-           "tcheheh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0687"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB7E",
-             "final": "\uFB7F",
-             "initial": "\uFB80",
-             "medial": "\uFB81"
-           },
-           "ddal": {
-             "normal": ["\u0688"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB88",
-             "final": "\uFB89"
-           },
-           "dahal": {
-             "normal": ["\u068C"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB84",
-             "final": "\uFB85"
-           },
-           "ddahal": {
-             "normal": ["\u068D"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB82",
-             "final": "\uFB83"
-           },
-           "dul": {
-             "normal": ["\u068F", "\u068E"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB86",
-             "final": "\uFB87"
-           },
-           "rreh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0691"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB8C",
-             "final": "\uFB8D"
-           },
-           "jeh": {
-             "normal": ["\u0698"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB8A",
-             "final": "\uFB8B"
-           },
-           "veh": {
-             "normal": ["\u06A4"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB6A",
-             "final": "\uFB6B",
-             "initial": "\uFB6C",
-             "medial": "\uFB6D"
-           },
-           "peheh": {
-             "normal": ["\u06A6"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB6E",
-             "final": "\uFB6F",
-             "initial": "\uFB70",
-             "medial": "\uFB71"
-           },
-           "keheh": {
-             "normal": ["\u06A9"],
-             "dot_above": ["\u0762"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u0763"],
-             "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0764"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB8E",
-             "final": "\uFB8F",
-             "initial": "\uFB90",
-             "medial": "\uFB91"
-           },
-           "ng": {
-             "normal": ["\u06AD"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBD3",
-             "final": "\uFBD4",
-             "initial": "\uFBD5",
-             "medial": "\uFBD6"
-           },
-           "gaf": {
-             "normal": ["\u06AF"],
-             "ring": ["\u06B0"],
-             "two_dots_below": ["\u06B2"],
-             "three_dots_above": ["\u06B4"],
-             "inverted_stroke": ["\u08B0"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB92",
-             "final": "\uFB93",
-             "initial": "\uFB94",
-             "medial": "\uFB95"
-           },
-           "ngoeh": {
-             "normal": ["\u06B1"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB9A",
-             "final": "\uFB9B",
-             "initial": "\uFB9C",
-             "medial": "\uFB9D"
-           },
-           "gueh": {
-             "normal": ["\u06B3"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB96",
-             "final": "\uFB97",
-             "initial": "\uFB98",
-             "medial": "\uFB99"
-           },
-           "noon ghunna": {
-             "normal": ["\u06BA"],
-             "isolated": "\uFB9E",
-             "final": "\uFB9F"
-           },
-           "rnoon": {
-             "normal": ["\u06BB"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBA0",
-             "final": "\uFBA1",
-             "initial": "\uFBA2",
-             "medial": "\uFBA3"
-           },
-           "heh doachashmee": {
-             "normal": ["\u06BE"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBAA",
-             "final": "\uFBAB",
-             "initial": "\uFBAC",
-             "medial": "\uFBAD"
-           },
-           "heh goal": {
-             "normal": ["\u06C1"],
-             "hamza_above": ["\u06C1\u0654", "\u06C2"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBA6",
-             "final": "\uFBA7",
-             "initial": "\uFBA8",
-             "medial": "\uFBA9"
-           },
-           "teh marbuta goal": {
-             "normal": ["\u06C3"]
-           },
-           "kirghiz oe": {
-             "normal": ["\u06C5"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBE0",
-             "final": "\uFBE1"
-           },
-           "oe": {
-             "normal": ["\u06C6"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBD9",
-             "final": "\uFBDA"
-           },
-           "u": {
-             "normal": ["\u06C7"],
-             "hamza_above": {
-               "normal": ["\u0677", "\u06C7\u0674"],
-               "isolated": "\uFBDD"
-             },
-             "isolated": "\uFBD7",
-             "final": "\uFBD8"
-           },
-           "yu": {
-             "normal": ["\u06C8"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBDB",
-             "final": "\uFBDC"
-           },
-           "kirghiz yu": {
-             "normal": ["\u06C9"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBE2",
-             "final": "\uFBE3"
-           },
-           "ve": {
-             "normal": ["\u06CB"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBDE",
-             "final": "\uFBDF"
-           },
-           "farsi yeh": {
-             "normal": ["\u06CC"],
-             "indic_two_above": ["\u0775"],
-             "indic_three_above": ["\u0776"],
-             "indic_four_above": ["\u0777"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBFC",
-             "final": "\uFBFD",
-             "initial": "\uFBFE",
-             "medial": "\uFBFF"
-           },
-           "e": {
-             "normal": ["\u06D0"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBE4",
-             "final": "\uFBE5",
-             "initial": "\uFBE6",
-             "medial": "\uFBE7"
-           },
-           "yeh barree": {
-             "normal": ["\u06D2"],
-             "hamza_above": {
-               "normal": ["\u06D2\u0654", "\u06D3"],
-               "isolated": "\uFBB0",
-               "final": "\uFBB1"
-             },
-             "indic_two_above": ["\u077A"],
-             "indic_three_above": ["\u077B"],
-             "isolated": "\uFBAE",
-             "final": "\uFBAF"
-           },
-           "ae": {
-             "normal": ["\u06D5"],
-             "isolated": "\u06D5",
-             "final": "\uFEEA",
-             "yeh_above": {
-               "normal": ["\u06C0", "\u06D5\u0654"],
-               "isolated": "\uFBA4",
-               "final": "\uFBA5"
-             }
-           },
-           "rohingya yeh": {
-             "normal": ["\u08AC"]
-           },
-           "low alef": {
-             "normal": ["\u08AD"]
-           },
-           "straight waw": {
-             "normal": ["\u08B1"]
-           },
-           "african feh": {
-             "normal": ["\u08BB"]
-           },
-           "african qaf": {
-             "normal": ["\u08BC"]
-           },
-           "african noon": {
-             "normal": ["\u08BD"]
-           }
-         };
-         exports["default"] = arabicReference;
-       });
+       isArabic$1.isMath = isMath;
 
-       var unicodeLigatures = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
+       var GlyphSplitter$1 = {};
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-         var ligatureReference = {
-           "\u0626\u0627": {
-             "isolated": "\uFBEA",
-             "final": "\uFBEB"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06D5": {
-             "isolated": "\uFBEC",
-             "final": "\uFBED"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0648": {
-             "isolated": "\uFBEE",
-             "final": "\uFBEF"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06C7": {
-             "isolated": "\uFBF0",
-             "final": "\uFBF1"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06C6": {
-             "isolated": "\uFBF2",
-             "final": "\uFBF3"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06C8": {
-             "isolated": "\uFBF4",
-             "final": "\uFBF5"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06D0": {
-             "isolated": "\uFBF6",
-             "final": "\uFBF7",
-             "initial": "\uFBF8"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0649": {
-             "uighur_kirghiz": {
-               "isolated": "\uFBF9",
-               "final": "\uFBFA",
-               "initial": "\uFBFB"
-             },
-             "isolated": "\uFC03",
-             "final": "\uFC68"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC00",
-             "initial": "\uFC97"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC01",
-             "initial": "\uFC98"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC02",
-             "final": "\uFC66",
-             "initial": "\uFC9A",
-             "medial": "\uFCDF"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC04",
-             "final": "\uFC69"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC05",
-             "initial": "\uFC9C"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC06",
-             "initial": "\uFC9D"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC07",
-             "initial": "\uFC9E"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC08",
-             "final": "\uFC6C",
-             "initial": "\uFC9F",
-             "medial": "\uFCE1"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC09",
-             "final": "\uFC6E"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC0A",
-             "final": "\uFC6F"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC0B",
-             "initial": "\uFCA1"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC0C",
-             "initial": "\uFCA2"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC0D",
-             "initial": "\uFCA3"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC0E",
-             "final": "\uFC72",
-             "initial": "\uFCA4",
-             "medial": "\uFCE3"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC0F",
-             "final": "\uFC74"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC10",
-             "final": "\uFC75"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC11"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC12",
-             "final": "\uFC78",
-             "initial": "\uFCA6",
-             "medial": "\uFCE5"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC13",
-             "final": "\uFC7A"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0648": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC14"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC15",
-             "initial": "\uFCA7"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC16",
-             "initial": "\uFCA8"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC17",
-             "initial": "\uFCA9"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC18",
-             "initial": "\uFCAA"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC19",
-             "initial": "\uFCAB"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC1A"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC1B",
-             "initial": "\uFCAC"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC1C",
-             "initial": "\uFCAD",
-             "medial": "\uFD34"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC1D",
-             "initial": "\uFCAE",
-             "medial": "\uFD35"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC1E",
-             "initial": "\uFCAF",
-             "medial": "\uFD36"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC1F",
-             "initial": "\uFCB0",
-             "medial": "\uFCE7"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC20",
-             "initial": "\uFCB1"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC21",
-             "initial": "\uFCB3"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC22",
-             "initial": "\uFCB4"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC23",
-             "initial": "\uFCB5"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC24",
-             "initial": "\uFCB6"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC25",
-             "initial": "\uFCB7"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC26",
-             "initial": "\uFCB8"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC27",
-             "initial": "\uFD33",
-             "medial": "\uFD3A"
-           },
-           "\u0638\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC28",
-             "initial": "\uFCB9",
-             "medial": "\uFD3B"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC29",
-             "initial": "\uFCBA"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC2A",
-             "initial": "\uFCBB"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC2B",
-             "initial": "\uFCBC"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC2C",
-             "initial": "\uFCBD"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC2D",
-             "initial": "\uFCBE"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC2E",
-             "initial": "\uFCBF"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC2F",
-             "initial": "\uFCC0"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC30",
-             "initial": "\uFCC1"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC31",
-             "final": "\uFC7C"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC32",
-             "final": "\uFC7D"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC33",
-             "initial": "\uFCC2"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC34",
-             "initial": "\uFCC3"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC35",
-             "final": "\uFC7E"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC36",
-             "final": "\uFC7F"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0627": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC37",
-             "final": "\uFC80"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC38",
-             "initial": "\uFCC4"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC39",
-             "initial": "\uFCC5"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC3A",
-             "initial": "\uFCC6"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0644": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC3B",
-             "final": "\uFC81",
-             "initial": "\uFCC7",
-             "medial": "\uFCEB"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC3C",
-             "final": "\uFC82",
-             "initial": "\uFCC8",
-             "medial": "\uFCEC"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC3D",
-             "final": "\uFC83"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC3E",
-             "final": "\uFC84"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC3F",
-             "initial": "\uFCC9"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC40",
-             "initial": "\uFCCA"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC41",
-             "initial": "\uFCCB"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC42",
-             "final": "\uFC85",
-             "initial": "\uFCCC",
-             "medial": "\uFCED"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC43",
-             "final": "\uFC86"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC44",
-             "final": "\uFC87"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC45",
-             "initial": "\uFCCE"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC46",
-             "initial": "\uFCCF"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC47",
-             "initial": "\uFCD0"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC48",
-             "final": "\uFC89",
-             "initial": "\uFCD1"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC49"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC4A"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC4B",
-             "initial": "\uFCD2"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC4C",
-             "initial": "\uFCD3"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC4D",
-             "initial": "\uFCD4"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC4E",
-             "final": "\uFC8C",
-             "initial": "\uFCD5",
-             "medial": "\uFCEE"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC4F",
-             "final": "\uFC8E"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC50",
-             "final": "\uFC8F"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC51",
-             "initial": "\uFCD7"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC52",
-             "initial": "\uFCD8"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC53"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC54"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC55",
-             "initial": "\uFCDA"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC56",
-             "initial": "\uFCDB"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC57",
-             "initial": "\uFCDC"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0645": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC58",
-             "final": "\uFC93",
-             "initial": "\uFCDD",
-             "medial": "\uFCF0"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC59",
-             "final": "\uFC95"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC5A",
-             "final": "\uFC96"
-           },
-           "\u0630\u0670": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC5B"
-           },
-           "\u0631\u0670": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC5C"
-           },
-           "\u0649\u0670": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC5D",
-             "final": "\uFC90"
-           },
-           "\u064C\u0651": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC5E"
-           },
-           "\u064D\u0651": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC5F"
-           },
-           "\u064E\u0651": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC60"
-           },
-           "\u064F\u0651": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC61"
-           },
-           "\u0650\u0651": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC62"
-           },
-           "\u0651\u0670": {
-             "isolated": "\uFC63"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0631": {
-             "final": "\uFC64"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0632": {
-             "final": "\uFC65"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0646": {
-             "final": "\uFC67"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0631": {
-             "final": "\uFC6A"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0632": {
-             "final": "\uFC6B"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0646": {
-             "final": "\uFC6D"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0631": {
-             "final": "\uFC70"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0632": {
-             "final": "\uFC71"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0646": {
-             "final": "\uFC73"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0631": {
-             "final": "\uFC76"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0632": {
-             "final": "\uFC77"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0646": {
-             "final": "\uFC79"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFC7B"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u0627": {
-             "final": "\uFC88"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0631": {
-             "final": "\uFC8A"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0632": {
-             "final": "\uFC8B"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0646": {
-             "final": "\uFC8D"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0631": {
-             "final": "\uFC91"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0632": {
-             "final": "\uFC92"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0646": {
-             "final": "\uFC94"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u062E": {
-             "initial": "\uFC99"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0647": {
-             "initial": "\uFC9B",
-             "medial": "\uFCE0"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0647": {
-             "initial": "\uFCA0",
-             "medial": "\uFCE2"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0647": {
-             "initial": "\uFCA5",
-             "medial": "\uFCE4"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u062E": {
-             "initial": "\uFCB2"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0647": {
-             "initial": "\uFCCD"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0647": {
-             "initial": "\uFCD6",
-             "medial": "\uFCEF"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0670": {
-             "initial": "\uFCD9"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0647": {
-             "initial": "\uFCDE",
-             "medial": "\uFCF1"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0647": {
-             "medial": "\uFCE6"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0647": {
-             "medial": "\uFCE8",
-             "initial": "\uFD31"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0645": {
-             "medial": "\uFCE9",
-             "isolated": "\uFD0C",
-             "final": "\uFD28",
-             "initial": "\uFD30"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0647": {
-             "medial": "\uFCEA",
-             "initial": "\uFD32"
-           },
-           "\u0640\u064E\u0651": {
-             "medial": "\uFCF2"
-           },
-           "\u0640\u064F\u0651": {
-             "medial": "\uFCF3"
-           },
-           "\u0640\u0650\u0651": {
-             "medial": "\uFCF4"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCF5",
-             "final": "\uFD11"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCF6",
-             "final": "\uFD12"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCF7",
-             "final": "\uFD13"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCF8",
-             "final": "\uFD14"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCF9",
-             "final": "\uFD15"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCFA",
-             "final": "\uFD16"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCFB"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCFC",
-             "final": "\uFD18"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCFD",
-             "final": "\uFD19"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCFE",
-             "final": "\uFD1A"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFCFF",
-             "final": "\uFD1B"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD00",
-             "final": "\uFD1C"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD01",
-             "final": "\uFD1D"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD02",
-             "final": "\uFD1E"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD03",
-             "final": "\uFD1F"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD04",
-             "final": "\uFD20"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD05",
-             "final": "\uFD21"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD06",
-             "final": "\uFD22"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u0649": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD07",
-             "final": "\uFD23"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u064A": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD08",
-             "final": "\uFD24"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062C": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD09",
-             "final": "\uFD25",
-             "initial": "\uFD2D",
-             "medial": "\uFD37"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062D": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD0A",
-             "final": "\uFD26",
-             "initial": "\uFD2E",
-             "medial": "\uFD38"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062E": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD0B",
-             "final": "\uFD27",
-             "initial": "\uFD2F",
-             "medial": "\uFD39"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0631": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD0D",
-             "final": "\uFD29"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0631": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD0E",
-             "final": "\uFD2A"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u0631": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD0F",
-             "final": "\uFD2B"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u0631": {
-             "isolated": "\uFD10",
-             "final": "\uFD2C"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0639": {
-             "final": "\uFD17"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062C\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFD50"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062D\u062C": {
-             "final": "\uFD51",
-             "initial": "\uFD52"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062D\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFD53"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062E\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFD54"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u062C": {
-             "initial": "\uFD55"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u062D": {
-             "initial": "\uFD56"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u062E": {
-             "initial": "\uFD57"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0645\u062D": {
-             "final": "\uFD58",
-             "initial": "\uFD59"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFD5A"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u0645\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFD5B"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062D\u062C": {
-             "initial": "\uFD5C"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062C\u062D": {
-             "initial": "\uFD5D"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062C\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFD5E"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0645\u062D": {
-             "final": "\uFD5F",
-             "initial": "\uFD60"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0645\u062C": {
-             "initial": "\uFD61"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0645\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD62",
-             "initial": "\uFD63"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u062D\u062D": {
-             "final": "\uFD64",
-             "initial": "\uFD65"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u0645\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD66",
-             "initial": "\uFDC5"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062D\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD67",
-             "initial": "\uFD68"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062C\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFD69"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0645\u062E": {
-             "final": "\uFD6A",
-             "initial": "\uFD6B"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0645\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD6C",
-             "initial": "\uFD6D"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062D\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFD6E"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062E\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD6F",
-             "initial": "\uFD70"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u0645\u062D": {
-             "final": "\uFD71"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0645\u062D": {
-             "initial": "\uFD72"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0645\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFD73"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFD74"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u062C\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD75",
-             "initial": "\uFDC4"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0645\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD76",
-             "initial": "\uFD77"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0645\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFD78"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0645\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD79"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFD7A"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0645\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFD7B"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u062E\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD7C",
-             "initial": "\uFD7D"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0645\u062D": {
-             "final": "\uFD7E",
-             "initial": "\uFDB4"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0645\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD7F"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062D\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD80",
-             "initial": "\uFDB5"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062D\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFD81"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062D\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFD82"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062C\u062C": {
-             "initial": "\uFD83",
-             "final": "\uFD84"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062E\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD85",
-             "initial": "\uFD86"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0645\u062D": {
-             "final": "\uFD87",
-             "initial": "\uFD88"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062D\u062C": {
-             "initial": "\uFD89"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062D\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFD8A"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062D\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFD8B"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C\u062D": {
-             "initial": "\uFD8C"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFD8D"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062E\u062C": {
-             "initial": "\uFD8E"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062E\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFD8F"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C\u062E": {
-             "initial": "\uFD92"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0645\u062C": {
-             "initial": "\uFD93"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0645\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFD94"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062D\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFD95"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062D\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFD96"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062C\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD97",
-             "initial": "\uFD98"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062C\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFD99"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFD9A"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0645\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFD9B"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0645\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFD9C",
-             "initial": "\uFD9D"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u062E\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFD9E"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062C\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFD9F"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062C\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFDA0"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062E\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDA1"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062E\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFDA2"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDA3"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFDA4"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDA5"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u062D\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFDA6"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0645\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFDA7"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062E\u0649": {
-             "final": "\uFDA8"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u062D\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDA9"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062D\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDAA"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062D\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDAB"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062C\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDAC"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDAD"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062D\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDAE"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062C\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDAF"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDB0"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDB1"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDB2"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062D\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDB3"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDB6"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDB7"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062C\u062D": {
-             "initial": "\uFDB8",
-             "final": "\uFDBD"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062E\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDB9"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062C\u0645": {
-             "initial": "\uFDBA",
-             "final": "\uFDBC"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0645\u0645": {
-             "final": "\uFDBB",
-             "initial": "\uFDC3"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u062D\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDBE"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u062C\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDBF"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDC0"
+       var reference = {};
+
+       var unicodeArabic = {};
+
+       Object.defineProperty(unicodeArabic, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var arabicReference = {
+         "alef": {
+           "normal": ["\u0627"],
+           "madda_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0627\u0653", "\u0622"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE81",
+             "final": "\uFE82"
            },
-           "\u0641\u0645\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDC1"
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0627\u0654", "\u0623"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE83",
+             "final": "\uFE84"
            },
-           "\u0628\u062D\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDC2"
+           "hamza_below": {
+             "normal": ["\u0627\u0655", "\u0625"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE87",
+             "final": "\uFE88"
            },
-           "\u0633\u062E\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDC6"
+           "wasla": {
+             "normal": "\u0671",
+             "isolated": "\uFB50",
+             "final": "\uFB51"
            },
-           "\u0646\u062C\u064A": {
-             "final": "\uFDC7"
+           "wavy_hamza_above": ["\u0672"],
+           "wavy_hamza_below": ["\u0627\u065F", "\u0673"],
+           "high_hamza": ["\u0675", "\u0627\u0674"],
+           "indic_two_above": ["\u0773"],
+           "indic_three_above": ["\u0774"],
+           "fathatan": {
+             "normal": ["\u0627\u064B"],
+             "final": "\uFD3C",
+             "isolated": "\uFD3D"
            },
-           "\u0644\u0622": {
-             "isolated": "\uFEF5",
-             "final": "\uFEF6"
+           "isolated": "\uFE8D",
+           "final": "\uFE8E"
+         },
+         "beh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0628"],
+           "dotless": ["\u066E"],
+           "three_dots_horizontally_below": ["\u0750"],
+           "dot_below_three_dots_above": ["\u0751"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0752"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below_two_dots_above": ["\u0753"],
+           "two_dots_below_dot_above": ["\u0754"],
+           "inverted_small_v_below": ["\u0755"],
+           "small_v": ["\u0756"],
+           "small_v_below": ["\u08A0"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u08A1"],
+           "small_meem_above": ["\u08B6"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE8F",
+           "final": "\uFE90",
+           "initial": "\uFE91",
+           "medial": "\uFE92"
+         },
+         "teh marbuta": {
+           "normal": ["\u0629"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE93",
+           "final": "\uFE94"
+         },
+         "teh": {
+           "normal": ["\u062A"],
+           "ring": ["\u067C"],
+           "three_dots_above_downwards": ["\u067D"],
+           "small_teh_above": ["\u08B8"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE95",
+           "final": "\uFE96",
+           "initial": "\uFE97",
+           "medial": "\uFE98"
+         },
+         "theh": {
+           "normal": ["\u062B"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE99",
+           "final": "\uFE9A",
+           "initial": "\uFE9B",
+           "medial": "\uFE9C"
+         },
+         "jeem": {
+           "normal": ["\u062C"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u08A2"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE9D",
+           "final": "\uFE9E",
+           "initial": "\uFE9F",
+           "medial": "\uFEA0"
+         },
+         "hah": {
+           "normal": ["\u062D"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u0681"],
+           "two_dots_vertical_above": ["\u0682"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u0685"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u0757"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0758"],
+           "small_tah_below": ["\u076E"],
+           "small_tah_two_dots": ["\u076F"],
+           "small_tah_above": ["\u0772"],
+           "indic_four_below": ["\u077C"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEA1",
+           "final": "\uFEA2",
+           "initial": "\uFEA3",
+           "medial": "\uFEA4"
+         },
+         "khah": {
+           "normal": ["\u062E"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEA5",
+           "final": "\uFEA6",
+           "initial": "\uFEA7",
+           "medial": "\uFEA8"
+         },
+         "dal": {
+           "normal": ["\u062F"],
+           "ring": ["\u0689"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u068A"],
+           "dot_below_small_tah": ["\u068B"],
+           "three_dots_above_downwards": ["\u068F"],
+           "four_dots_above": ["\u0690"],
+           "inverted_v": ["\u06EE"],
+           "two_dots_vertically_below_small_tah": ["\u0759"],
+           "inverted_small_v_below": ["\u075A"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u08AE"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEA9",
+           "final": "\uFEAA"
+         },
+         "thal": {
+           "normal": ["\u0630"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEAB",
+           "final": "\uFEAC"
+         },
+         "reh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0631"],
+           "small_v": ["\u0692"],
+           "ring": ["\u0693"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u0694"],
+           "small_v_below": ["\u0695"],
+           "dot_below_dot_above": ["\u0696"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u0697"],
+           "four_dots_above": ["\u0699"],
+           "inverted_v": ["\u06EF"],
+           "stroke": ["\u075B"],
+           "two_dots_vertically_above": ["\u076B"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u076C"],
+           "small_tah_two_dots": ["\u0771"],
+           "loop": ["\u08AA"],
+           "small_noon_above": ["\u08B9"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEAD",
+           "final": "\uFEAE"
+         },
+         "zain": {
+           "normal": ["\u0632"],
+           "inverted_v_above": ["\u08B2"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEAF",
+           "final": "\uFEB0"
+         },
+         "seen": {
+           "normal": ["\u0633"],
+           "dot_below_dot_above": ["\u069A"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u069B"],
+           "three_dots_below_three_dots_above": ["\u069C"],
+           "four_dots_above": ["\u075C"],
+           "two_dots_vertically_above": ["\u076D"],
+           "small_tah_two_dots": ["\u0770"],
+           "indic_four_above": ["\u077D"],
+           "inverted_v": ["\u077E"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEB1",
+           "final": "\uFEB2",
+           "initial": "\uFEB3",
+           "medial": "\uFEB4"
+         },
+         "sheen": {
+           "normal": ["\u0634"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06FA"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEB5",
+           "final": "\uFEB6",
+           "initial": "\uFEB7",
+           "medial": "\uFEB8"
+         },
+         "sad": {
+           "normal": ["\u0635"],
+           "two_dots_below": ["\u069D"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u069E"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u08AF"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEB9",
+           "final": "\uFEBA",
+           "initial": "\uFEBB",
+           "medial": "\uFEBC"
+         },
+         "dad": {
+           "normal": ["\u0636"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06FB"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEBD",
+           "final": "\uFEBE",
+           "initial": "\uFEBF",
+           "medial": "\uFEC0"
+         },
+         "tah": {
+           "normal": ["\u0637"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u069F"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u08A3"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEC1",
+           "final": "\uFEC2",
+           "initial": "\uFEC3",
+           "medial": "\uFEC4"
+         },
+         "zah": {
+           "normal": ["\u0638"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEC5",
+           "final": "\uFEC6",
+           "initial": "\uFEC7",
+           "medial": "\uFEC8"
+         },
+         "ain": {
+           "normal": ["\u0639"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06A0"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u075D"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_downwards_above": ["\u075E"],
+           "two_dots_vertically_above": ["\u075F"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u08B3"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEC9",
+           "final": "\uFECA",
+           "initial": "\uFECB",
+           "medial": "\uFECC"
+         },
+         "ghain": {
+           "normal": ["\u063A"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06FC"],
+           "isolated": "\uFECD",
+           "final": "\uFECE",
+           "initial": "\uFECF",
+           "medial": "\uFED0"
+         },
+         "feh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0641"],
+           "dotless": ["\u06A1"],
+           "dot_moved_below": ["\u06A2"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06A3"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u06A5"],
+           "two_dots_below": ["\u0760"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0761"],
+           "dot_below_three_dots_above": ["\u08A4"],
+           "isolated": "\uFED1",
+           "final": "\uFED2",
+           "initial": "\uFED3",
+           "medial": "\uFED4"
+         },
+         "qaf": {
+           "normal": ["\u0642"],
+           "dotless": ["\u066F"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06A7"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06A8"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u08A5"],
+           "isolated": "\uFED5",
+           "final": "\uFED6",
+           "initial": "\uFED7",
+           "medial": "\uFED8"
+         },
+         "kaf": {
+           "normal": ["\u0643"],
+           "swash": ["\u06AA"],
+           "ring": ["\u06AB"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06AC"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u06AE"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u077F"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u08B4"],
+           "isolated": "\uFED9",
+           "final": "\uFEDA",
+           "initial": "\uFEDB",
+           "medial": "\uFEDC"
+         },
+         "lam": {
+           "normal": ["\u0644"],
+           "small_v": ["\u06B5"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06B6"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06B7"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u06B8"],
+           "bar": ["\u076A"],
+           "double_bar": ["\u08A6"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEDD",
+           "final": "\uFEDE",
+           "initial": "\uFEDF",
+           "medial": "\uFEE0"
+         },
+         "meem": {
+           "normal": ["\u0645"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u0765"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u0766"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u08A7"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEE1",
+           "final": "\uFEE2",
+           "initial": "\uFEE3",
+           "medial": "\uFEE4"
+         },
+         "noon": {
+           "normal": ["\u0646"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06B9"],
+           "ring": ["\u06BC"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06BD"],
+           "two_dots_below": ["\u0767"],
+           "small_tah": ["\u0768"],
+           "small_v": ["\u0769"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEE5",
+           "final": "\uFEE6",
+           "initial": "\uFEE7",
+           "medial": "\uFEE8"
+         },
+         "heh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0647"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEE9",
+           "final": "\uFEEA",
+           "initial": "\uFEEB",
+           "medial": "\uFEEC"
+         },
+         "waw": {
+           "normal": ["\u0648"],
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0624", "\u0648\u0654"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE85",
+             "final": "\uFE86"
            },
-           "\u0644\u0623": {
-             "isolated": "\uFEF7",
-             "final": "\uFEF8"
+           "high_hamza": ["\u0676", "\u0648\u0674"],
+           "ring": ["\u06C4"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u06CA"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06CF"],
+           "indic_two_above": ["\u0778"],
+           "indic_three_above": ["\u0779"],
+           "dot_within": ["\u08AB"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEED",
+           "final": "\uFEEE"
+         },
+         "alef_maksura": {
+           "normal": ["\u0649"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u0626", "\u064A\u0654"],
+           "initial": "\uFBE8",
+           "medial": "\uFBE9",
+           "isolated": "\uFEEF",
+           "final": "\uFEF0"
+         },
+         "yeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u064A"],
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0626", "\u0649\u0654"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE89",
+             "final": "\uFE8A",
+             "initial": "\uFE8B",
+             "medial": "\uFE8C"
            },
-           "\u0644\u0625": {
-             "isolated": "\uFEF9",
-             "final": "\uFEFA"
+           "two_dots_below_hamza_above": ["\u08A8"],
+           "high_hamza": ["\u0678", "\u064A\u0674"],
+           "tail": ["\u06CD"],
+           "small_v": ["\u06CE"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u06D1"],
+           "two_dots_below_dot_above": ["\u08A9"],
+           "two_dots_below_small_noon_above": ["\u08BA"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEF1",
+           "final": "\uFEF2",
+           "initial": "\uFEF3",
+           "medial": "\uFEF4"
+         },
+         "tteh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0679"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB66",
+           "final": "\uFB67",
+           "initial": "\uFB68",
+           "medial": "\uFB69"
+         },
+         "tteheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u067A"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB5E",
+           "final": "\uFB5F",
+           "initial": "\uFB60",
+           "medial": "\uFB61"
+         },
+         "beeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u067B"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB52",
+           "final": "\uFB53",
+           "initial": "\uFB54",
+           "medial": "\uFB55"
+         },
+         "peh": {
+           "normal": ["\u067E"],
+           "small_meem_above": ["\u08B7"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB56",
+           "final": "\uFB57",
+           "initial": "\uFB58",
+           "medial": "\uFB59"
+         },
+         "teheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u067F"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB62",
+           "final": "\uFB63",
+           "initial": "\uFB64",
+           "medial": "\uFB65"
+         },
+         "beheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0680"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB5A",
+           "final": "\uFB5B",
+           "initial": "\uFB5C",
+           "medial": "\uFB5D"
+         },
+         "nyeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0683"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB76",
+           "final": "\uFB77",
+           "initial": "\uFB78",
+           "medial": "\uFB79"
+         },
+         "dyeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0684"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB72",
+           "final": "\uFB73",
+           "initial": "\uFB74",
+           "medial": "\uFB75"
+         },
+         "tcheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0686"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06BF"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB7A",
+           "final": "\uFB7B",
+           "initial": "\uFB7C",
+           "medial": "\uFB7D"
+         },
+         "tcheheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0687"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB7E",
+           "final": "\uFB7F",
+           "initial": "\uFB80",
+           "medial": "\uFB81"
+         },
+         "ddal": {
+           "normal": ["\u0688"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB88",
+           "final": "\uFB89"
+         },
+         "dahal": {
+           "normal": ["\u068C"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB84",
+           "final": "\uFB85"
+         },
+         "ddahal": {
+           "normal": ["\u068D"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB82",
+           "final": "\uFB83"
+         },
+         "dul": {
+           "normal": ["\u068F", "\u068E"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB86",
+           "final": "\uFB87"
+         },
+         "rreh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0691"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB8C",
+           "final": "\uFB8D"
+         },
+         "jeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0698"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB8A",
+           "final": "\uFB8B"
+         },
+         "veh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06A4"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB6A",
+           "final": "\uFB6B",
+           "initial": "\uFB6C",
+           "medial": "\uFB6D"
+         },
+         "peheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06A6"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB6E",
+           "final": "\uFB6F",
+           "initial": "\uFB70",
+           "medial": "\uFB71"
+         },
+         "keheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06A9"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u0762"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u0763"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0764"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB8E",
+           "final": "\uFB8F",
+           "initial": "\uFB90",
+           "medial": "\uFB91"
+         },
+         "ng": {
+           "normal": ["\u06AD"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBD3",
+           "final": "\uFBD4",
+           "initial": "\uFBD5",
+           "medial": "\uFBD6"
+         },
+         "gaf": {
+           "normal": ["\u06AF"],
+           "ring": ["\u06B0"],
+           "two_dots_below": ["\u06B2"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06B4"],
+           "inverted_stroke": ["\u08B0"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB92",
+           "final": "\uFB93",
+           "initial": "\uFB94",
+           "medial": "\uFB95"
+         },
+         "ngoeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06B1"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB9A",
+           "final": "\uFB9B",
+           "initial": "\uFB9C",
+           "medial": "\uFB9D"
+         },
+         "gueh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06B3"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB96",
+           "final": "\uFB97",
+           "initial": "\uFB98",
+           "medial": "\uFB99"
+         },
+         "noon ghunna": {
+           "normal": ["\u06BA"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB9E",
+           "final": "\uFB9F"
+         },
+         "rnoon": {
+           "normal": ["\u06BB"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBA0",
+           "final": "\uFBA1",
+           "initial": "\uFBA2",
+           "medial": "\uFBA3"
+         },
+         "heh doachashmee": {
+           "normal": ["\u06BE"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBAA",
+           "final": "\uFBAB",
+           "initial": "\uFBAC",
+           "medial": "\uFBAD"
+         },
+         "heh goal": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C1"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u06C1\u0654", "\u06C2"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBA6",
+           "final": "\uFBA7",
+           "initial": "\uFBA8",
+           "medial": "\uFBA9"
+         },
+         "teh marbuta goal": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C3"]
+         },
+         "kirghiz oe": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C5"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBE0",
+           "final": "\uFBE1"
+         },
+         "oe": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C6"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBD9",
+           "final": "\uFBDA"
+         },
+         "u": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C7"],
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0677", "\u06C7\u0674"],
+             "isolated": "\uFBDD"
            },
-           "\u0644\u0627": {
-             "isolated": "\uFEFB",
-             "final": "\uFEFC"
+           "isolated": "\uFBD7",
+           "final": "\uFBD8"
+         },
+         "yu": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C8"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBDB",
+           "final": "\uFBDC"
+         },
+         "kirghiz yu": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C9"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBE2",
+           "final": "\uFBE3"
+         },
+         "ve": {
+           "normal": ["\u06CB"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBDE",
+           "final": "\uFBDF"
+         },
+         "farsi yeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06CC"],
+           "indic_two_above": ["\u0775"],
+           "indic_three_above": ["\u0776"],
+           "indic_four_above": ["\u0777"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBFC",
+           "final": "\uFBFD",
+           "initial": "\uFBFE",
+           "medial": "\uFBFF"
+         },
+         "e": {
+           "normal": ["\u06D0"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBE4",
+           "final": "\uFBE5",
+           "initial": "\uFBE6",
+           "medial": "\uFBE7"
+         },
+         "yeh barree": {
+           "normal": ["\u06D2"],
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u06D2\u0654", "\u06D3"],
+             "isolated": "\uFBB0",
+             "final": "\uFBB1"
            },
-           "words": {
-             "\u0635\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF0",
-             "\u0642\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF1",
-             "\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647": "\uFDF2",
-             "\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631": "\uFDF3",
-             "\u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F": "\uFDF4",
-             "\u0635\u0644\u0639\u0645": "\uFDF5",
-             "\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644": "\uFDF6",
-             "\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647": "\uFDF7",
-             "\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDF8",
-             "\u0635\u0644\u0649": "\uFDF9",
-             "\u0635\u0644\u0649\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDFA",
-             "\u062C\u0644\u062C\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647": "\uFDFB",
-             "\u0631\u06CC\u0627\u0644": "\uFDFC"
-           }
-         };
-         exports["default"] = ligatureReference;
-       });
-
-       var reference = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-         var letterList = Object.keys(unicodeArabic["default"]);
-         exports.letterList = letterList;
-         var ligatureList = Object.keys(unicodeLigatures["default"]);
-         exports.ligatureList = ligatureList;
-         var ligatureWordList = Object.keys(unicodeLigatures["default"].words);
-         exports.ligatureWordList = ligatureWordList;
-         var lams = "\u0644\u06B5\u06B6\u06B7\u06B8";
-         exports.lams = lams;
-         var alefs = "\u0627\u0622\u0623\u0625\u0671\u0672\u0673\u0675\u0773\u0774";
-         exports.alefs = alefs; // for (var l = 1; l < lams.length; l++) {
-         //   console.log('-');
-         //   for (var a = 0; a < alefs.length; a++) {
-         //     console.log(a + ': ' + lams[l] + alefs[a]);
-         //   }
-         // }
-
-         var tashkeel = "\u0605\u0640\u0670\u0674\u06DF\u06E7\u06E8";
-         exports.tashkeel = tashkeel;
-
-         function addToTashkeel(start, finish) {
-           for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
-             exports.tashkeel = tashkeel += String.fromCharCode(i);
-           }
-         }
-
-         addToTashkeel(0x0610, 0x061A);
-         addToTashkeel(0x064B, 0x065F);
-         addToTashkeel(0x06D6, 0x06DC);
-         addToTashkeel(0x06E0, 0x06E4);
-         addToTashkeel(0x06EA, 0x06ED);
-         addToTashkeel(0x08D3, 0x08E1);
-         addToTashkeel(0x08E3, 0x08FF);
-         addToTashkeel(0xFE70, 0xFE7F);
-         var lineBreakers = "\u0627\u0629\u0648\u06C0\u06CF\u06FD\u06FE\u076B\u076C\u0771\u0773\u0774\u0778\u0779\u08E2\u08B1\u08B2\u08B9";
-         exports.lineBreakers = lineBreakers;
-
-         function addToLineBreakers(start, finish) {
-           for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
-             exports.lineBreakers = lineBreakers += String.fromCharCode(i);
+           "indic_two_above": ["\u077A"],
+           "indic_three_above": ["\u077B"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBAE",
+           "final": "\uFBAF"
+         },
+         "ae": {
+           "normal": ["\u06D5"],
+           "isolated": "\u06D5",
+           "final": "\uFEEA",
+           "yeh_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u06C0", "\u06D5\u0654"],
+             "isolated": "\uFBA4",
+             "final": "\uFBA5"
            }
+         },
+         "rohingya yeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u08AC"]
+         },
+         "low alef": {
+           "normal": ["\u08AD"]
+         },
+         "straight waw": {
+           "normal": ["\u08B1"]
+         },
+         "african feh": {
+           "normal": ["\u08BB"]
+         },
+         "african qaf": {
+           "normal": ["\u08BC"]
+         },
+         "african noon": {
+           "normal": ["\u08BD"]
          }
+       };
 
-         addToLineBreakers(0x0600, 0x061F); // it's OK to include tashkeel in this range as it is ignored
-
-         addToLineBreakers(0x0621, 0x0625);
-         addToLineBreakers(0x062F, 0x0632);
-         addToLineBreakers(0x0660, 0x066D); // numerals, math
-
-         addToLineBreakers(0x0671, 0x0677);
-         addToLineBreakers(0x0688, 0x0699);
-         addToLineBreakers(0x06C3, 0x06CB);
-         addToLineBreakers(0x06D2, 0x06F9);
-         addToLineBreakers(0x0759, 0x075B);
-         addToLineBreakers(0x08AA, 0x08AE);
-         addToLineBreakers(0xFB50, 0xFDFD); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
-         // Presentation Forms A includes diacritics but they are meant to stand alone
-
-         addToLineBreakers(0xFE80, 0xFEFC); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
-         // numerals, math
-
-         addToLineBreakers(0x10E60, 0x10E7F);
-         addToLineBreakers(0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF);
-         addToLineBreakers(0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF);
-       });
-
-       var GlyphSplitter_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-
-         function GlyphSplitter(word) {
-           var letters = [];
-           var lastLetter = '';
-           word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
-             if (isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-               if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                 letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
-               } else if (lastLetter.length && (reference.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) === 0 && reference.alefs.indexOf(letter) > -1 || reference.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) > 0 && reference.alefs.indexOf(letter) === 0)) {
-                 // valid LA forms
-                 letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
-               } else {
-                 letters.push(letter);
-               }
-             } else {
-               letters.push(letter);
-             }
-
-             if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
-               lastLetter = letter;
-             }
-           });
-           return letters;
-         }
-
-         exports.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter;
-       });
-
-       var BaselineSplitter_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-
-         function BaselineSplitter(word) {
-           var letters = [];
-           var lastLetter = '';
-           word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
-             if (isArabic_1.isArabic(letter) && isArabic_1.isArabic(lastLetter)) {
-               if (lastLetter.length && reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                 letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
-               } else if (reference.lineBreakers.indexOf(lastLetter) > -1) {
-                 letters.push(letter);
-               } else {
-                 letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
-               }
-             } else {
-               letters.push(letter);
-             }
+       unicodeArabic["default"] = arabicReference;
 
-             if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
-               // don't allow tashkeel to hide line break
-               lastLetter = letter;
-             }
-           });
-           return letters;
-         }
+       var unicodeLigatures = {};
 
-         exports.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter;
+       Object.defineProperty(unicodeLigatures, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
        });
+       var ligatureReference = {
+         "\u0626\u0627": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBEA",
+           "final": "\uFBEB"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06D5": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBEC",
+           "final": "\uFBED"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0648": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBEE",
+           "final": "\uFBEF"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06C7": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBF0",
+           "final": "\uFBF1"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06C6": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBF2",
+           "final": "\uFBF3"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06C8": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBF4",
+           "final": "\uFBF5"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06D0": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBF6",
+           "final": "\uFBF7",
+           "initial": "\uFBF8"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0649": {
+           "uighur_kirghiz": {
+             "isolated": "\uFBF9",
+             "final": "\uFBFA",
+             "initial": "\uFBFB"
+           },
+           "isolated": "\uFC03",
+           "final": "\uFC68"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC00",
+           "initial": "\uFC97"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC01",
+           "initial": "\uFC98"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC02",
+           "final": "\uFC66",
+           "initial": "\uFC9A",
+           "medial": "\uFCDF"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC04",
+           "final": "\uFC69"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC05",
+           "initial": "\uFC9C"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC06",
+           "initial": "\uFC9D"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC07",
+           "initial": "\uFC9E"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC08",
+           "final": "\uFC6C",
+           "initial": "\uFC9F",
+           "medial": "\uFCE1"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC09",
+           "final": "\uFC6E"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0A",
+           "final": "\uFC6F"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0B",
+           "initial": "\uFCA1"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0C",
+           "initial": "\uFCA2"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0D",
+           "initial": "\uFCA3"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0E",
+           "final": "\uFC72",
+           "initial": "\uFCA4",
+           "medial": "\uFCE3"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0F",
+           "final": "\uFC74"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC10",
+           "final": "\uFC75"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC11"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC12",
+           "final": "\uFC78",
+           "initial": "\uFCA6",
+           "medial": "\uFCE5"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC13",
+           "final": "\uFC7A"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0648": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC14"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC15",
+           "initial": "\uFCA7"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC16",
+           "initial": "\uFCA8"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC17",
+           "initial": "\uFCA9"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC18",
+           "initial": "\uFCAA"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC19",
+           "initial": "\uFCAB"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1A"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1B",
+           "initial": "\uFCAC"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1C",
+           "initial": "\uFCAD",
+           "medial": "\uFD34"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1D",
+           "initial": "\uFCAE",
+           "medial": "\uFD35"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1E",
+           "initial": "\uFCAF",
+           "medial": "\uFD36"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1F",
+           "initial": "\uFCB0",
+           "medial": "\uFCE7"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC20",
+           "initial": "\uFCB1"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC21",
+           "initial": "\uFCB3"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC22",
+           "initial": "\uFCB4"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC23",
+           "initial": "\uFCB5"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC24",
+           "initial": "\uFCB6"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC25",
+           "initial": "\uFCB7"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC26",
+           "initial": "\uFCB8"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC27",
+           "initial": "\uFD33",
+           "medial": "\uFD3A"
+         },
+         "\u0638\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC28",
+           "initial": "\uFCB9",
+           "medial": "\uFD3B"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC29",
+           "initial": "\uFCBA"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2A",
+           "initial": "\uFCBB"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2B",
+           "initial": "\uFCBC"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2C",
+           "initial": "\uFCBD"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2D",
+           "initial": "\uFCBE"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2E",
+           "initial": "\uFCBF"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2F",
+           "initial": "\uFCC0"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC30",
+           "initial": "\uFCC1"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC31",
+           "final": "\uFC7C"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC32",
+           "final": "\uFC7D"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC33",
+           "initial": "\uFCC2"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC34",
+           "initial": "\uFCC3"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC35",
+           "final": "\uFC7E"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC36",
+           "final": "\uFC7F"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0627": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC37",
+           "final": "\uFC80"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC38",
+           "initial": "\uFCC4"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC39",
+           "initial": "\uFCC5"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3A",
+           "initial": "\uFCC6"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0644": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3B",
+           "final": "\uFC81",
+           "initial": "\uFCC7",
+           "medial": "\uFCEB"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3C",
+           "final": "\uFC82",
+           "initial": "\uFCC8",
+           "medial": "\uFCEC"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3D",
+           "final": "\uFC83"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3E",
+           "final": "\uFC84"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3F",
+           "initial": "\uFCC9"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC40",
+           "initial": "\uFCCA"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC41",
+           "initial": "\uFCCB"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC42",
+           "final": "\uFC85",
+           "initial": "\uFCCC",
+           "medial": "\uFCED"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC43",
+           "final": "\uFC86"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC44",
+           "final": "\uFC87"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC45",
+           "initial": "\uFCCE"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC46",
+           "initial": "\uFCCF"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC47",
+           "initial": "\uFCD0"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC48",
+           "final": "\uFC89",
+           "initial": "\uFCD1"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC49"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4A"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4B",
+           "initial": "\uFCD2"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4C",
+           "initial": "\uFCD3"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4D",
+           "initial": "\uFCD4"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4E",
+           "final": "\uFC8C",
+           "initial": "\uFCD5",
+           "medial": "\uFCEE"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4F",
+           "final": "\uFC8E"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC50",
+           "final": "\uFC8F"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC51",
+           "initial": "\uFCD7"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC52",
+           "initial": "\uFCD8"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC53"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC54"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC55",
+           "initial": "\uFCDA"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC56",
+           "initial": "\uFCDB"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC57",
+           "initial": "\uFCDC"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC58",
+           "final": "\uFC93",
+           "initial": "\uFCDD",
+           "medial": "\uFCF0"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC59",
+           "final": "\uFC95"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5A",
+           "final": "\uFC96"
+         },
+         "\u0630\u0670": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5B"
+         },
+         "\u0631\u0670": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5C"
+         },
+         "\u0649\u0670": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5D",
+           "final": "\uFC90"
+         },
+         "\u064C\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5E"
+         },
+         "\u064D\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5F"
+         },
+         "\u064E\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC60"
+         },
+         "\u064F\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC61"
+         },
+         "\u0650\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC62"
+         },
+         "\u0651\u0670": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC63"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC64"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC65"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC67"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC6A"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC6B"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC6D"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC70"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC71"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC73"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC76"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC77"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC79"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFC7B"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u0627": {
+           "final": "\uFC88"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC8A"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC8B"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC8D"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC91"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC92"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC94"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u062E": {
+           "initial": "\uFC99"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFC9B",
+           "medial": "\uFCE0"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCA0",
+           "medial": "\uFCE2"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCA5",
+           "medial": "\uFCE4"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u062E": {
+           "initial": "\uFCB2"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCCD"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCD6",
+           "medial": "\uFCEF"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0670": {
+           "initial": "\uFCD9"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCDE",
+           "medial": "\uFCF1"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0647": {
+           "medial": "\uFCE6"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0647": {
+           "medial": "\uFCE8",
+           "initial": "\uFD31"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0645": {
+           "medial": "\uFCE9",
+           "isolated": "\uFD0C",
+           "final": "\uFD28",
+           "initial": "\uFD30"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0647": {
+           "medial": "\uFCEA",
+           "initial": "\uFD32"
+         },
+         "\u0640\u064E\u0651": {
+           "medial": "\uFCF2"
+         },
+         "\u0640\u064F\u0651": {
+           "medial": "\uFCF3"
+         },
+         "\u0640\u0650\u0651": {
+           "medial": "\uFCF4"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF5",
+           "final": "\uFD11"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF6",
+           "final": "\uFD12"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF7",
+           "final": "\uFD13"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF8",
+           "final": "\uFD14"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF9",
+           "final": "\uFD15"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFA",
+           "final": "\uFD16"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFB"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFC",
+           "final": "\uFD18"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFD",
+           "final": "\uFD19"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFE",
+           "final": "\uFD1A"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFF",
+           "final": "\uFD1B"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD00",
+           "final": "\uFD1C"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD01",
+           "final": "\uFD1D"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD02",
+           "final": "\uFD1E"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD03",
+           "final": "\uFD1F"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD04",
+           "final": "\uFD20"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD05",
+           "final": "\uFD21"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD06",
+           "final": "\uFD22"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD07",
+           "final": "\uFD23"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD08",
+           "final": "\uFD24"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD09",
+           "final": "\uFD25",
+           "initial": "\uFD2D",
+           "medial": "\uFD37"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0A",
+           "final": "\uFD26",
+           "initial": "\uFD2E",
+           "medial": "\uFD38"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0B",
+           "final": "\uFD27",
+           "initial": "\uFD2F",
+           "medial": "\uFD39"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0631": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0D",
+           "final": "\uFD29"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0631": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0E",
+           "final": "\uFD2A"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u0631": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0F",
+           "final": "\uFD2B"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u0631": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD10",
+           "final": "\uFD2C"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0639": {
+           "final": "\uFD17"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062C\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD50"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062D\u062C": {
+           "final": "\uFD51",
+           "initial": "\uFD52"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062D\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD53"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062E\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD54"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD55"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFD56"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u062E": {
+           "initial": "\uFD57"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD58",
+           "initial": "\uFD59"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD5A"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD5B"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062D\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD5C"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062C\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFD5D"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062C\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD5E"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD5F",
+           "initial": "\uFD60"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0645\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD61"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD62",
+           "initial": "\uFD63"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u062D\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD64",
+           "initial": "\uFD65"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD66",
+           "initial": "\uFDC5"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062D\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD67",
+           "initial": "\uFD68"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD69"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0645\u062E": {
+           "final": "\uFD6A",
+           "initial": "\uFD6B"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD6C",
+           "initial": "\uFD6D"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062D\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD6E"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062E\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD6F",
+           "initial": "\uFD70"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD71"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0645\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFD72"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0645\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD73"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD74"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u062C\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD75",
+           "initial": "\uFDC4"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD76",
+           "initial": "\uFD77"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD78"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD79"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD7A"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD7B"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u062E\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD7C",
+           "initial": "\uFD7D"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD7E",
+           "initial": "\uFDB4"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD7F"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062D\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD80",
+           "initial": "\uFDB5"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD81"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062D\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD82"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062C\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD83",
+           "final": "\uFD84"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062E\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD85",
+           "initial": "\uFD86"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD87",
+           "initial": "\uFD88"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062D\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD89"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062D\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8A"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD8B"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8C"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8D"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062E\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8E"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062E\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8F"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C\u062E": {
+           "initial": "\uFD92"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0645\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD93"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0645\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD94"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062D\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD95"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062D\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD96"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD97",
+           "initial": "\uFD98"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD99"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD9A"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD9B"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD9C",
+           "initial": "\uFD9D"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062E\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD9E"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD9F"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062C\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA0"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062E\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDA1"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062E\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA2"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDA3"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA4"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDA5"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u062D\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA6"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA7"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062E\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA8"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDA9"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAA"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAB"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAC"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAD"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAE"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAF"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB0"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB1"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB2"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB3"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB6"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB7"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFDB8",
+           "final": "\uFDBD"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062E\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB9"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062C\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFDBA",
+           "final": "\uFDBC"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFDBB",
+           "initial": "\uFDC3"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDBE"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDBF"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC0"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC1"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC2"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062E\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC6"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC7"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0622": {
+           "isolated": "\uFEF5",
+           "final": "\uFEF6"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0623": {
+           "isolated": "\uFEF7",
+           "final": "\uFEF8"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0625": {
+           "isolated": "\uFEF9",
+           "final": "\uFEFA"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0627": {
+           "isolated": "\uFEFB",
+           "final": "\uFEFC"
+         },
+         "words": {
+           "\u0635\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF0",
+           "\u0642\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF1",
+           "\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647": "\uFDF2",
+           "\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631": "\uFDF3",
+           "\u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F": "\uFDF4",
+           "\u0635\u0644\u0639\u0645": "\uFDF5",
+           "\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644": "\uFDF6",
+           "\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647": "\uFDF7",
+           "\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDF8",
+           "\u0635\u0644\u0649": "\uFDF9",
+           "\u0635\u0644\u0649\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDFA",
+           "\u062C\u0644\u062C\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647": "\uFDFB",
+           "\u0631\u06CC\u0627\u0644": "\uFDFC"
+         }
+       };
 
-       var Normalization = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-
-         function Normal(word, breakPresentationForm) {
-           // default is to turn initial/isolated/medial/final presentation form to generic
-           if (typeof breakPresentationForm === 'undefined') {
-             breakPresentationForm = true;
-           }
-
-           var returnable = '';
-           word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
-             if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-               returnable += letter;
-               return;
-             }
-
-             for (var w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
-               // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
-               var letterForms = unicodeArabic["default"][reference.letterList[w]];
-               var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
-
-               for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
-                 var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
-
-                 if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
-                   // look at this embedded object
-                   var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
-
-                   for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
-                     var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
-
-                     if (form === letter || _typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                       // match
-                       // console.log('embedded match');
-                       if (form === letter) {
-                         // match exact
-                         if (breakPresentationForm && localVersion['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(embeddedForms[ef]) > -1) {
-                           // replace presentation form
-                           // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
-                           if (_typeof(localVersion['normal']) === 'object') {
-                             returnable += localVersion['normal'][0];
-                           } else {
-                             returnable += localVersion['normal'];
-                           }
-
-                           return;
-                         } // console.log('keeping this letter');
-
-
-                         returnable += letter;
-                         return;
-                       } else if (_typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                         // match
-                         returnable += form[0]; // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
-
-                         return;
-                       }
-                     }
-                   }
-                 } else if (localVersion === letter) {
-                   // match exact
-                   if (breakPresentationForm && letterForms['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(versions[v]) > -1) {
-                     // replace presentation form
-                     // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
-                     if (_typeof(letterForms['normal']) === 'object') {
-                       returnable += letterForms['normal'][0];
-                     } else {
-                       returnable += letterForms['normal'];
-                     }
-
-                     return;
-                   } // console.log('keeping this letter');
-
-
-                   returnable += letter;
-                   return;
-                 } else if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                   // match
-                   returnable += localVersion[0]; // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
+       unicodeLigatures["default"] = ligatureReference;
 
-                   return;
-                 }
-               }
-             } // try ligatures
+       Object.defineProperty(reference, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var unicode_arabic_1$3 = unicodeArabic;
+       var unicode_ligatures_1$2 = unicodeLigatures;
+       var letterList = Object.keys(unicode_arabic_1$3["default"]);
+       reference.letterList = letterList;
+       var ligatureList = Object.keys(unicode_ligatures_1$2["default"]);
+       reference.ligatureList = ligatureList;
+       var ligatureWordList = Object.keys(unicode_ligatures_1$2["default"].words);
+       reference.ligatureWordList = ligatureWordList;
+       var lams = "\u0644\u06B5\u06B6\u06B7\u06B8";
+       reference.lams = lams;
+       var alefs = "\u0627\u0622\u0623\u0625\u0671\u0672\u0673\u0675\u0773\u0774";
+       reference.alefs = alefs; // for (var l = 1; l < lams.length; l++) {
+       //   console.log('-');
+       //   for (var a = 0; a < alefs.length; a++) {
+       //     console.log(a + ': ' + lams[l] + alefs[a]);
+       //   }
+       // }
 
+       var tashkeel = "\u0605\u0640\u0670\u0674\u06DF\u06E7\u06E8";
+       reference.tashkeel = tashkeel;
 
-             for (var v2 = 0; v2 < reference.ligatureList.length; v2++) {
-               var normalForm = reference.ligatureList[v2];
+       function addToTashkeel(start, finish) {
+         for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
+           reference.tashkeel = tashkeel += String.fromCharCode(i);
+         }
+       }
 
-               if (normalForm !== 'words') {
-                 var ligForms = Object.keys(unicodeLigatures["default"][normalForm]);
+       addToTashkeel(0x0610, 0x061A);
+       addToTashkeel(0x064B, 0x065F);
+       addToTashkeel(0x06D6, 0x06DC);
+       addToTashkeel(0x06E0, 0x06E4);
+       addToTashkeel(0x06EA, 0x06ED);
+       addToTashkeel(0x08D3, 0x08E1);
+       addToTashkeel(0x08E3, 0x08FF);
+       addToTashkeel(0xFE70, 0xFE7F);
+       var lineBreakers = "\u0627\u0629\u0648\u06C0\u06CF\u06FD\u06FE\u076B\u076C\u0771\u0773\u0774\u0778\u0779\u08E2\u08B1\u08B2\u08B9";
+       reference.lineBreakers = lineBreakers;
 
-                 for (var f = 0; f < ligForms.length; f++) {
-                   if (unicodeLigatures["default"][normalForm][ligForms[f]] === letter) {
-                     returnable += normalForm;
-                     return;
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-             } // try words ligatures
+       function addToLineBreakers(start, finish) {
+         for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
+           reference.lineBreakers = lineBreakers += String.fromCharCode(i);
+         }
+       }
 
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0600, 0x061F); // it's OK to include tashkeel in this range as it is ignored
 
-             for (var v3 = 0; v3 < reference.ligatureWordList.length; v3++) {
-               var _normalForm = reference.ligatureWordList[v3];
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0621, 0x0625);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x062F, 0x0632);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0660, 0x066D); // numerals, math
 
-               if (unicodeLigatures["default"].words[_normalForm] === letter) {
-                 returnable += _normalForm;
-                 return;
-               }
-             }
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0671, 0x0677);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0688, 0x0699);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x06C3, 0x06CB);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x06D2, 0x06F9);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0759, 0x075B);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x08AA, 0x08AE);
+       addToLineBreakers(0xFB50, 0xFDFD); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
+       // Presentation Forms A includes diacritics but they are meant to stand alone
 
-             returnable += letter; // console.log('kept the letter')
-           });
-           return returnable;
-         }
+       addToLineBreakers(0xFE80, 0xFEFC); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
+       // numerals, math
 
-         exports.Normal = Normal;
-       });
+       addToLineBreakers(0x10E60, 0x10E7F);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF);
 
-       var CharShaper_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
+       Object.defineProperty(GlyphSplitter$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var isArabic_1$6 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$5 = reference;
+
+       function GlyphSplitter(word) {
+         var letters = [];
+         var lastLetter = '';
+         word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
+           if (isArabic_1$6.isArabic(letter)) {
+             if (reference_1$5.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
+             } else if (lastLetter.length && (reference_1$5.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) === 0 && reference_1$5.alefs.indexOf(letter) > -1 || reference_1$5.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) > 0 && reference_1$5.alefs.indexOf(letter) === 0)) {
+               // valid LA forms
+               letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
+             } else {
+               letters.push(letter);
+             }
+           } else {
+             letters.push(letter);
+           }
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
+           if (reference_1$5.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
+             lastLetter = letter;
+           }
          });
+         return letters;
+       }
+
+       GlyphSplitter$1.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter;
+
+       var BaselineSplitter$1 = {};
+
+       Object.defineProperty(BaselineSplitter$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var isArabic_1$5 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$4 = reference;
+
+       function BaselineSplitter(word) {
+         var letters = [];
+         var lastLetter = '';
+         word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
+           if (isArabic_1$5.isArabic(letter) && isArabic_1$5.isArabic(lastLetter)) {
+             if (lastLetter.length && reference_1$4.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
+             } else if (reference_1$4.lineBreakers.indexOf(lastLetter) > -1) {
+               letters.push(letter);
+             } else {
+               letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
+             }
+           } else {
+             letters.push(letter);
+           }
 
-         function CharShaper(letter, form) {
-           if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-             // fail not Arabic
-             throw new Error('Not Arabic');
+           if (reference_1$4.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
+             // don't allow tashkeel to hide line break
+             lastLetter = letter;
            }
+         });
+         return letters;
+       }
+
+       BaselineSplitter$1.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter;
+
+       var Normalization = {};
+
+       Object.defineProperty(Normalization, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var unicode_arabic_1$2 = unicodeArabic;
+       var unicode_ligatures_1$1 = unicodeLigatures;
+       var isArabic_1$4 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$3 = reference;
+
+       function Normal(word, breakPresentationForm) {
+         // default is to turn initial/isolated/medial/final presentation form to generic
+         if (typeof breakPresentationForm === 'undefined') {
+           breakPresentationForm = true;
+         }
 
-           if (letter === "\u0621") {
-             // hamza alone
-             return "\u0621";
+         var returnable = '';
+         word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
+           if (!isArabic_1$4.isArabic(letter)) {
+             returnable += letter;
+             return;
            }
 
-           for (var w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
+           for (var w = 0; w < reference_1$3.letterList.length; w++) {
              // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
-             var letterForms = unicodeArabic["default"][reference.letterList[w]];
+             var letterForms = unicode_arabic_1$2["default"][reference_1$3.letterList[w]];
              var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
 
              for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
                var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
 
-               if (localVersion === letter || _typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                 if (versions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
-                   return letterForms[form];
-                 }
-               } else if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
-                 // check embedded
-                 var embeddedVersions = Object.keys(localVersion);
-
-                 for (var ev = 0; ev < embeddedVersions.length; ev++) {
-                   if (localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]] === letter || _typeof(localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]]) === 'object' && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                     if (embeddedVersions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
-                       return localVersion[form];
+               if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
+                 // look at this embedded object
+                 var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
+
+                 for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
+                   var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
+
+                   if (form === letter || _typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                     // match
+                     // console.log('embedded match');
+                     if (form === letter) {
+                       // match exact
+                       if (breakPresentationForm && localVersion['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(embeddedForms[ef]) > -1) {
+                         // replace presentation form
+                         // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
+                         if (_typeof(localVersion['normal']) === 'object') {
+                           returnable += localVersion['normal'][0];
+                         } else {
+                           returnable += localVersion['normal'];
+                         }
+
+                         return;
+                       } // console.log('keeping this letter');
+
+
+                       returnable += letter;
+                       return;
+                     } else if (_typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                       // match
+                       returnable += form[0]; // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
+
+                       return;
                      }
                    }
                  }
+               } else if (localVersion === letter) {
+                 // match exact
+                 if (breakPresentationForm && letterForms['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(versions[v]) > -1) {
+                   // replace presentation form
+                   // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
+                   if (_typeof(letterForms['normal']) === 'object') {
+                     returnable += letterForms['normal'][0];
+                   } else {
+                     returnable += letterForms['normal'];
+                   }
+
+                   return;
+                 } // console.log('keeping this letter');
+
+
+                 returnable += letter;
+                 return;
+               } else if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                 // match
+                 returnable += localVersion[0]; // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
+
+                 return;
+               }
+             }
+           } // try ligatures
+
+
+           for (var v2 = 0; v2 < reference_1$3.ligatureList.length; v2++) {
+             var normalForm = reference_1$3.ligatureList[v2];
+
+             if (normalForm !== 'words') {
+               var ligForms = Object.keys(unicode_ligatures_1$1["default"][normalForm]);
+
+               for (var f = 0; f < ligForms.length; f++) {
+                 if (unicode_ligatures_1$1["default"][normalForm][ligForms[f]] === letter) {
+                   returnable += normalForm;
+                   return;
+                 }
                }
              }
+           } // try words ligatures
+
+
+           for (var v3 = 0; v3 < reference_1$3.ligatureWordList.length; v3++) {
+             var _normalForm = reference_1$3.ligatureWordList[v3];
+
+             if (unicode_ligatures_1$1["default"].words[_normalForm] === letter) {
+               returnable += _normalForm;
+               return;
+             }
            }
-         }
 
-         exports.CharShaper = CharShaper;
+           returnable += letter; // console.log('kept the letter')
+         });
+         return returnable;
+       }
+
+       Normalization.Normal = Normal;
+
+       var CharShaper$1 = {};
+
+       Object.defineProperty(CharShaper$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
        });
+       var unicode_arabic_1$1 = unicodeArabic;
+       var isArabic_1$3 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$2 = reference;
 
-       var WordShaper_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
+       function CharShaper(letter, form) {
+         if (!isArabic_1$3.isArabic(letter)) {
+           // fail not Arabic
+           throw new Error('Not Arabic');
+         }
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
+         if (letter === "\u0621") {
+           // hamza alone
+           return "\u0621";
+         }
 
-         function WordShaper(word) {
-           var state = 'initial';
-           var output = '';
+         for (var w = 0; w < reference_1$2.letterList.length; w++) {
+           // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
+           var letterForms = unicode_arabic_1$1["default"][reference_1$2.letterList[w]];
+           var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
 
-           for (var w = 0; w < word.length; w++) {
-             var nextLetter = ' ';
+           for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
+             var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
 
-             for (var nxw = w + 1; nxw < word.length; nxw++) {
-               if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(word[nxw])) {
-                 break;
+             if (localVersion === letter || _typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               if (versions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
+                 return letterForms[form];
                }
+             } else if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
+               // check embedded
+               var embeddedVersions = Object.keys(localVersion);
 
-               if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(word[nxw]) === -1) {
-                 nextLetter = word[nxw];
-                 break;
+               for (var ev = 0; ev < embeddedVersions.length; ev++) {
+                 if (localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]] === letter || _typeof(localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]]) === 'object' && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                   if (embeddedVersions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
+                     return localVersion[form];
+                   }
+                 }
                }
              }
+           }
+         }
+       }
 
-             if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(word[w]) || isArabic_1.isMath(word[w])) {
-               // space or other non-Arabic
-               output += word[w];
-               state = 'initial';
-             } else if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(word[w]) > -1) {
-               // tashkeel - add without changing state
-               output += word[w];
-             } else if (nextLetter === ' ' || // last Arabic letter in this word
-             reference.lineBreakers.indexOf(word[w]) > -1) {
-               // the current letter is known to break lines
-               output += CharShaper_1.CharShaper(word[w], state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final');
-               state = 'initial';
-             } else if (reference.lams.indexOf(word[w]) > -1 && reference.alefs.indexOf(nextLetter) > -1) {
-               // LA letters - advance an additional letter after this
-               output += unicodeLigatures["default"][word[w] + nextLetter][state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final'];
+       CharShaper$1.CharShaper = CharShaper;
 
-               while (word[w] !== nextLetter) {
-                 w++;
-               }
+       var WordShaper$2 = {};
 
-               state = 'initial';
-             } else {
-               output += CharShaper_1.CharShaper(word[w], state);
-               state = 'medial';
+       Object.defineProperty(WordShaper$2, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var isArabic_1$2 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$1 = reference;
+       var CharShaper_1$1 = CharShaper$1;
+       var unicode_ligatures_1 = unicodeLigatures;
+
+       function WordShaper$1(word) {
+         var state = 'initial';
+         var output = '';
+
+         for (var w = 0; w < word.length; w++) {
+           var nextLetter = ' ';
+
+           for (var nxw = w + 1; nxw < word.length; nxw++) {
+             if (!isArabic_1$2.isArabic(word[nxw])) {
+               break;
+             }
+
+             if (reference_1$1.tashkeel.indexOf(word[nxw]) === -1) {
+               nextLetter = word[nxw];
+               break;
              }
            }
 
-           return output;
+           if (!isArabic_1$2.isArabic(word[w]) || isArabic_1$2.isMath(word[w])) {
+             // space or other non-Arabic
+             output += word[w];
+             state = 'initial';
+           } else if (reference_1$1.tashkeel.indexOf(word[w]) > -1) {
+             // tashkeel - add without changing state
+             output += word[w];
+           } else if (nextLetter === ' ' || // last Arabic letter in this word
+           reference_1$1.lineBreakers.indexOf(word[w]) > -1) {
+             // the current letter is known to break lines
+             output += CharShaper_1$1.CharShaper(word[w], state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final');
+             state = 'initial';
+           } else if (reference_1$1.lams.indexOf(word[w]) > -1 && reference_1$1.alefs.indexOf(nextLetter) > -1) {
+             // LA letters - advance an additional letter after this
+             output += unicode_ligatures_1["default"][word[w] + nextLetter][state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final'];
+
+             while (word[w] !== nextLetter) {
+               w++;
+             }
+
+             state = 'initial';
+           } else {
+             output += CharShaper_1$1.CharShaper(word[w], state);
+             state = 'medial';
+           }
          }
 
-         exports.WordShaper = WordShaper;
-       });
+         return output;
+       }
 
-       var ParentLetter_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
+       WordShaper$2.WordShaper = WordShaper$1;
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
+       var ParentLetter$1 = {};
 
-         function ParentLetter(letter) {
-           if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-             throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
-           }
+       Object.defineProperty(ParentLetter$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var unicode_arabic_1 = unicodeArabic;
+       var isArabic_1$1 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1 = reference;
 
-           for (var w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
-             // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
-             var letterForms = unicodeArabic["default"][reference.letterList[w]];
-             var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
+       function ParentLetter(letter) {
+         if (!isArabic_1$1.isArabic(letter)) {
+           throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
+         }
 
-             for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
-               var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
+         for (var w = 0; w < reference_1.letterList.length; w++) {
+           // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
+           var letterForms = unicode_arabic_1["default"][reference_1.letterList[w]];
+           var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
 
-               if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
-                 // look at this embedded object
-                 var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
+           for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
+             var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
 
-                 for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
-                   var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
+             if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
+               // look at this embedded object
+               var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
 
-                   if (form === letter || _typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                     // match
-                     return localVersion;
-                   }
+               for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
+                 var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
+
+                 if (form === letter || _typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                   // match
+                   return localVersion;
                  }
-               } else if (localVersion === letter || _typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                 // match
-                 return letterForms;
                }
+             } else if (localVersion === letter || _typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               // match
+               return letterForms;
              }
-
-             return null;
            }
+
+           return null;
          }
+       }
 
-         exports.ParentLetter = ParentLetter;
+       ParentLetter$1.ParentLetter = ParentLetter;
 
-         function GrandparentLetter(letter) {
-           if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-             throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
-           }
+       function GrandparentLetter(letter) {
+         if (!isArabic_1$1.isArabic(letter)) {
+           throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
+         }
 
-           for (var w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
-             // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
-             var letterForms = unicodeArabic["default"][reference.letterList[w]];
-             var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
+         for (var w = 0; w < reference_1.letterList.length; w++) {
+           // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
+           var letterForms = unicode_arabic_1["default"][reference_1.letterList[w]];
+           var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
 
-             for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
-               var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
+           for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
+             var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
 
-               if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
-                 // look at this embedded object
-                 var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
+             if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
+               // look at this embedded object
+               var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
 
-                 for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
-                   var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
+               for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
+                 var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
 
-                   if (form === letter || _typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                     // match
-                     return letterForms;
-                   }
+                 if (form === letter || _typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                   // match
+                   return letterForms;
                  }
-               } else if (localVersion === letter || _typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                 // match
-                 return letterForms;
                }
+             } else if (localVersion === letter || _typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               // match
+               return letterForms;
              }
-
-             return null;
            }
-         }
 
-         exports.GrandparentLetter = GrandparentLetter;
-       });
+           return null;
+         }
+       }
 
-       var lib = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
+       ParentLetter$1.GrandparentLetter = GrandparentLetter;
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-         exports.isArabic = isArabic_1.isArabic;
-         exports.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter_1.GlyphSplitter;
-         exports.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter_1.BaselineSplitter;
-         exports.Normal = Normalization.Normal;
-         exports.CharShaper = CharShaper_1.CharShaper;
-         exports.WordShaper = WordShaper_1.WordShaper;
-         exports.ParentLetter = ParentLetter_1.ParentLetter;
-         exports.GrandparentLetter = ParentLetter_1.GrandparentLetter;
+       Object.defineProperty(lib, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
        });
+       var isArabic_1 = isArabic$1;
+       lib.isArabic = isArabic_1.isArabic;
+       var GlyphSplitter_1 = GlyphSplitter$1;
+       lib.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter_1.GlyphSplitter;
+       var BaselineSplitter_1 = BaselineSplitter$1;
+       lib.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter_1.BaselineSplitter;
+       var Normalization_1 = Normalization;
+       lib.Normal = Normalization_1.Normal;
+       var CharShaper_1 = CharShaper$1;
+       lib.CharShaper = CharShaper_1.CharShaper;
+       var WordShaper_1 = WordShaper$2;
+       var WordShaper = lib.WordShaper = WordShaper_1.WordShaper;
+       var ParentLetter_1 = ParentLetter$1;
+       lib.ParentLetter = ParentLetter_1.ParentLetter;
+       lib.GrandparentLetter = ParentLetter_1.GrandparentLetter;
 
        var rtlRegex = /[\u0590-\u05FF\u0600-\u06FF\u0750-\u07BF\u08A0–\u08BF]/;
        function fixRTLTextForSvg(inputText) {
          var hebrewSign = /[\u0591-\u05bd\u05bf\u05c1-\u05c5\u05c7]/; // Arabic word shaping
 
          if (arabicRegex.test(inputText)) {
-           inputText = lib.WordShaper(inputText);
+           inputText = WordShaper(inputText);
          }
 
          for (var n = 0; n < inputText.length; n++) {
          return ret;
        }
 
+       var DESCRIPTORS$1 = descriptors;
+       var objectKeys = objectKeys$4;
+       var toIndexedObject = toIndexedObject$b;
        var propertyIsEnumerable = objectPropertyIsEnumerable.f;
 
        // `Object.{ entries, values }` methods implementation
-       var createMethod$5 = function (TO_ENTRIES) {
+       var createMethod$1 = function (TO_ENTRIES) {
          return function (it) {
            var O = toIndexedObject(it);
            var keys = objectKeys(O);
            var key;
            while (length > i) {
              key = keys[i++];
-             if (!descriptors || propertyIsEnumerable.call(O, key)) {
+             if (!DESCRIPTORS$1 || propertyIsEnumerable.call(O, key)) {
                result.push(TO_ENTRIES ? [key, O[key]] : O[key]);
              }
            }
 
        var objectToArray = {
          // `Object.entries` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.entries
-         entries: createMethod$5(true),
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.entries
+         entries: createMethod$1(true),
          // `Object.values` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.values
-         values: createMethod$5(false)
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.values
+         values: createMethod$1(false)
        };
 
+       var $$k = _export;
        var $values = objectToArray.values;
 
        // `Object.values` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-object.values
-       _export({ target: 'Object', stat: true }, {
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.values
+       $$k({ target: 'Object', stat: true }, {
          values: function values(O) {
            return $values(O);
          }
        // within and between iD sessions on the same site.
        //
 
+       /**
+        * @param {string} k
+        * @param {string?} v
+        * @returns {boolean} true if the action succeeded
+        */
+
 
        function corePreferences(k, v) {
          try {
            if (arguments.length === 1) return _storage.getItem(k);else if (v === null) _storage.removeItem(k);else _storage.setItem(k, v);
+           return true;
          } catch (e) {
            /* eslint-disable no-console */
            if (typeof console !== 'undefined') {
            }
            /* eslint-enable no-console */
 
+
+           return false;
          }
        }
 
-       function responseText(response) {
-         if (!response.ok) throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText);
-         return response.text();
-       }
+       var vparse = {exports: {}};
 
-       function d3_text (input, init) {
-         return fetch(input, init).then(responseText);
-       }
+       (function (module) {
+         (function (window) {
 
-       function responseJson(response) {
-         if (!response.ok) throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText);
-         if (response.status === 204 || response.status === 205) return;
-         return response.json();
-       }
+           function parseVersion(v) {
+             var m = v.replace(/[^0-9.]/g, '').match(/[0-9]*\.|[0-9]+/g) || [];
+             v = {
+               major: +m[0] || 0,
+               minor: +m[1] || 0,
+               patch: +m[2] || 0,
+               build: +m[3] || 0
+             };
+             v.isEmpty = !v.major && !v.minor && !v.patch && !v.build;
+             v.parsed = [v.major, v.minor, v.patch, v.build];
+             v.text = v.parsed.join('.');
+             v.compare = compare;
+             return v;
+           }
 
-       function d3_json (input, init) {
-         return fetch(input, init).then(responseJson);
-       }
+           function compare(v) {
+             if (typeof v === 'string') {
+               v = parseVersion(v);
+             }
 
-       function parser(type) {
-         return function (input, init) {
-           return d3_text(input, init).then(function (text) {
-             return new DOMParser().parseFromString(text, type);
-           });
-         };
-       }
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               if (this.parsed[i] !== v.parsed[i]) {
+                 return this.parsed[i] > v.parsed[i] ? 1 : -1;
+               }
+             }
 
-       var d3_xml = parser("application/xml");
-       var svg = parser("image/svg+xml");
+             return 0;
+           }
+           /* istanbul ignore next */
+
+
+           if (module && 'object' === 'object') {
+             module.exports = parseVersion;
+           } else {
+             window.parseVersion = parseVersion;
+           }
+         })(commonjsGlobal);
+       })(vparse);
+
+       var parseVersion = vparse.exports;
+
+       var name = "iD";
+       var version = "2.20.2";
+       var description = "A friendly editor for OpenStreetMap";
+       var main = "dist/iD.min.js";
+       var repository = "github:openstreetmap/iD";
+       var homepage = "https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD";
+       var bugs = "https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues";
+       var keywords = ["editor","openstreetmap"];
+       var license = "ISC";
+       var scripts = {all:"npm-run-all -s clean build build:legacy dist",build:"npm-run-all -s build:css build:data build:dev","build:css":"node scripts/build_css.js","build:data":"shx mkdir -p dist/data && node scripts/build_data.js","build:dev":"rollup --config config/rollup.config.dev.js","build:legacy":"rollup --config config/rollup.config.legacy.js","build:stats":"rollup --config config/rollup.config.stats.js",clean:"shx rm -f dist/*.js dist/*.map dist/*.css dist/img/*.svg",dist:"npm-run-all -p dist:**","dist:mapillary":"shx mkdir -p dist/mapillary-js && shx cp -R node_modules/mapillary-js/dist/* dist/mapillary-js/","dist:pannellum":"shx mkdir -p dist/pannellum-streetside && shx cp -R node_modules/pannellum/build/* dist/pannellum-streetside/","dist:min:iD":"uglifyjs dist/iD.legacy.js --compress --mangle --output dist/iD.min.js","dist:svg:iD":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --shape-id-generator \"iD-%s\" --symbol-sprite dist/img/iD-sprite.svg \"svg/iD-sprite/**/*.svg\"","dist:svg:community":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --shape-id-generator \"community-%s\" --symbol-sprite dist/img/community-sprite.svg node_modules/osm-community-index/dist/img/*.svg","dist:svg:fa":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --symbol-sprite dist/img/fa-sprite.svg svg/fontawesome/*.svg","dist:svg:maki":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --shape-id-generator \"maki-%s\" --symbol-sprite dist/img/maki-sprite.svg node_modules/@mapbox/maki/icons/*.svg","dist:svg:mapillary:signs":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --symbol-sprite dist/img/mapillary-sprite.svg node_modules/mapillary_sprite_source/package_signs/*.svg","dist:svg:mapillary:objects":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --symbol-sprite dist/img/mapillary-object-sprite.svg node_modules/mapillary_sprite_source/package_objects/*.svg","dist:svg:temaki":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --shape-id-generator \"temaki-%s\" --symbol-sprite dist/img/temaki-sprite.svg node_modules/@ideditor/temaki/icons/*.svg",imagery:"node scripts/update_imagery.js",lint:"eslint scripts test/spec modules","lint:fix":"eslint scripts test/spec modules --fix",start:"npm-run-all -s build start:server",quickstart:"npm-run-all -s build:dev start:server","start:server":"node scripts/server.js",test:"npm-run-all -s lint build:css build:data build:legacy test:spec","test:spec":"phantomjs --web-security=no node_modules/mocha-phantomjs-core/mocha-phantomjs-core.js test/index.html spec",translations:"node scripts/update_locales.js"};
+       var dependencies = {"@ideditor/country-coder":"~5.0.3","@ideditor/location-conflation":"~1.0.2","@mapbox/geojson-area":"^0.2.2","@mapbox/sexagesimal":"1.2.0","@mapbox/vector-tile":"^1.3.1","@tmcw/togeojson":"^4.5.0","@turf/bbox-clip":"^6.0.0","abortcontroller-polyfill":"^1.4.0","aes-js":"^3.1.2","alif-toolkit":"^1.2.9","core-js":"^3.6.5",diacritics:"1.3.0","fast-deep-equal":"~3.1.1","fast-json-stable-stringify":"2.1.0","lodash-es":"~4.17.15",marked:"~2.0.0","node-diff3":"2.1.0","osm-auth":"1.1.0",pannellum:"2.5.6",pbf:"^3.2.1","polygon-clipping":"~0.15.1",rbush:"3.0.1","whatwg-fetch":"^3.4.1","which-polygon":"2.2.0"};
+       var devDependencies = {"@babel/core":"^7.11.6","@babel/preset-env":"^7.11.5","@fortawesome/fontawesome-svg-core":"^1.2.32","@fortawesome/free-brands-svg-icons":"~5.15.1","@fortawesome/free-regular-svg-icons":"~5.15.1","@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons":"~5.15.1","@ideditor/temaki":"~4.4.0","@mapbox/maki":"^6.0.0","@rollup/plugin-babel":"^5.2.1","@rollup/plugin-commonjs":"^21.0.0","@rollup/plugin-json":"^4.0.1","@rollup/plugin-node-resolve":"~13.0.5",autoprefixer:"^10.0.1",btoa:"^1.2.1",chai:"^4.1.0","cldr-core":"37.0.0","cldr-localenames-full":"37.0.0",colors:"^1.1.2","concat-files":"^0.1.1",d3:"~6.6.0","editor-layer-index":"github:osmlab/editor-layer-index#gh-pages",eslint:"^7.1.0",gaze:"^1.1.3",glob:"^7.1.0",happen:"^0.3.1","js-yaml":"^4.0.0","json-stringify-pretty-compact":"^3.0.0",mapillary_sprite_source:"^1.8.0","mapillary-js":"4.0.0",minimist:"^1.2.3",mocha:"^7.0.1","mocha-phantomjs-core":"^2.1.0","name-suggestion-index":"~6.0","node-fetch":"^2.6.1","npm-run-all":"^4.0.0","object-inspect":"1.10.3","osm-community-index":"~5.1.0","phantomjs-prebuilt":"~2.1.16",postcss:"^8.1.1","postcss-selector-prepend":"^0.5.0",rollup:"~2.52.8","rollup-plugin-includepaths":"~0.2.3","rollup-plugin-progress":"^1.1.1","rollup-plugin-visualizer":"~4.2.0",shelljs:"^0.8.0",shx:"^0.3.0",sinon:"7.5.0","sinon-chai":"^3.3.0",smash:"0.0","static-server":"^2.2.1","svg-sprite":"1.5.1","uglify-js":"~3.13.0",vparse:"~1.1.0"};
+       var engines = {node:">=10"};
+       var browserslist = ["> 0.2%, last 6 major versions, Firefox ESR, IE 11, maintained node versions"];
+       var packageJSON = {
+       name: name,
+       version: version,
+       description: description,
+       main: main,
+       repository: repository,
+       homepage: homepage,
+       bugs: bugs,
+       keywords: keywords,
+       license: license,
+       scripts: scripts,
+       dependencies: dependencies,
+       devDependencies: devDependencies,
+       engines: engines,
+       browserslist: browserslist
+       };
 
        var _mainFileFetcher = coreFileFetcher(); // singleton
        // coreFileFetcher asynchronously fetches data from JSON files
        //
 
        function coreFileFetcher() {
+         var ociVersion = packageJSON.devDependencies['osm-community-index'];
+         var v = parseVersion(ociVersion);
+         var vMinor = "".concat(v.major, ".").concat(v.minor);
          var _this = {};
          var _inflight = {};
          var _fileMap = {
            'address_formats': 'data/address_formats.min.json',
-           'deprecated': 'data/deprecated.min.json',
-           'discarded': 'data/discarded.min.json',
+           'deprecated': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/deprecated.min.json',
+           'discarded': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/discarded.min.json',
            'imagery': 'data/imagery.min.json',
            'intro_graph': 'data/intro_graph.min.json',
            'keepRight': 'data/keepRight.min.json',
            'languages': 'data/languages.min.json',
-           'locales': 'data/locales.min.json',
-           'nsi_brands': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@4/dist/brands.min.json',
-           'nsi_filters': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@4/dist/filters.min.json',
-           'oci_features': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@2/dist/features.min.json',
-           'oci_resources': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@2/dist/resources.min.json',
-           'preset_categories': 'data/preset_categories.min.json',
-           'preset_defaults': 'data/preset_defaults.min.json',
-           'preset_fields': 'data/preset_fields.min.json',
-           'preset_presets': 'data/preset_presets.min.json',
+           'locales': 'locales/index.min.json',
+           'oci_defaults': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/defaults.min.json"),
+           'oci_features': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/featureCollection.min.json"),
+           'oci_resources': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/resources.min.json"),
+           'preset_categories': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/preset_categories.min.json',
+           'preset_defaults': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/preset_defaults.min.json',
+           'preset_fields': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/fields.min.json',
+           'preset_presets': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/presets.min.json',
            'phone_formats': 'data/phone_formats.min.json',
            'qa_data': 'data/qa_data.min.json',
            'shortcuts': 'data/shortcuts.min.json',
            var prom = _inflight[url];
 
            if (!prom) {
-             _inflight[url] = prom = d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             _inflight[url] = prom = fetch(url).then(function (response) {
+               // fetch in PhantomJS tests may return ok=false and status=0 even if it's okay
+               if (!response.ok && response.status !== 0 || !response.json) {
+                 throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
+               }
+
+               if (response.status === 204 || response.status === 205) return; // No Content, Reset Content
+
+               return response.json();
+             }).then(function (result) {
                delete _inflight[url];
 
                if (!result) {
          return _this;
        }
 
-       var $findIndex$1 = arrayIteration.findIndex;
+       var classof = classofRaw$1;
 
+       // `thisNumberValue` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-thisnumbervalue
+       var thisNumberValue$2 = function (value) {
+         if (typeof value != 'number' && classof(value) != 'Number') {
+           throw TypeError('Incorrect invocation');
+         }
+         return +value;
+       };
 
+       var toInteger$1 = toInteger$b;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$6 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
 
-       var FIND_INDEX = 'findIndex';
-       var SKIPS_HOLES$1 = true;
+       // `String.prototype.repeat` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.repeat
+       var stringRepeat = function repeat(count) {
+         var str = String(requireObjectCoercible$6(this));
+         var result = '';
+         var n = toInteger$1(count);
+         if (n < 0 || n == Infinity) throw RangeError('Wrong number of repetitions');
+         for (;n > 0; (n >>>= 1) && (str += str)) if (n & 1) result += str;
+         return result;
+       };
 
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$b = arrayMethodUsesToLength(FIND_INDEX);
+       var $$j = _export;
+       var toInteger = toInteger$b;
+       var thisNumberValue$1 = thisNumberValue$2;
+       var repeat$2 = stringRepeat;
+       var fails$7 = fails$N;
 
-       // Shouldn't skip holes
-       if (FIND_INDEX in []) Array(1)[FIND_INDEX](function () { SKIPS_HOLES$1 = false; });
+       var nativeToFixed = 1.0.toFixed;
+       var floor = Math.floor;
 
-       // `Array.prototype.findIndex` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.findindex
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: SKIPS_HOLES$1 || !USES_TO_LENGTH$b }, {
-         findIndex: function findIndex(callbackfn /* , that = undefined */) {
-           return $findIndex$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       var pow = function (x, n, acc) {
+         return n === 0 ? acc : n % 2 === 1 ? pow(x, n - 1, acc * x) : pow(x * x, n / 2, acc);
+       };
+
+       var log = function (x) {
+         var n = 0;
+         var x2 = x;
+         while (x2 >= 4096) {
+           n += 12;
+           x2 /= 4096;
          }
-       });
+         while (x2 >= 2) {
+           n += 1;
+           x2 /= 2;
+         } return n;
+       };
 
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
-       addToUnscopables(FIND_INDEX);
+       var multiply = function (data, n, c) {
+         var index = -1;
+         var c2 = c;
+         while (++index < 6) {
+           c2 += n * data[index];
+           data[index] = c2 % 1e7;
+           c2 = floor(c2 / 1e7);
+         }
+       };
 
-       var $includes$1 = arrayIncludes.includes;
+       var divide = function (data, n) {
+         var index = 6;
+         var c = 0;
+         while (--index >= 0) {
+           c += data[index];
+           data[index] = floor(c / n);
+           c = (c % n) * 1e7;
+         }
+       };
 
+       var dataToString = function (data) {
+         var index = 6;
+         var s = '';
+         while (--index >= 0) {
+           if (s !== '' || index === 0 || data[index] !== 0) {
+             var t = String(data[index]);
+             s = s === '' ? t : s + repeat$2.call('0', 7 - t.length) + t;
+           }
+         } return s;
+       };
 
+       var FORCED$4 = nativeToFixed && (
+         0.00008.toFixed(3) !== '0.000' ||
+         0.9.toFixed(0) !== '1' ||
+         1.255.toFixed(2) !== '1.25' ||
+         1000000000000000128.0.toFixed(0) !== '1000000000000000128'
+       ) || !fails$7(function () {
+         // V8 ~ Android 4.3-
+         nativeToFixed.call({});
+       });
 
-       var USES_TO_LENGTH$c = arrayMethodUsesToLength('indexOf', { ACCESSORS: true, 1: 0 });
+       // `Number.prototype.toFixed` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.prototype.tofixed
+       $$j({ target: 'Number', proto: true, forced: FORCED$4 }, {
+         toFixed: function toFixed(fractionDigits) {
+           var number = thisNumberValue$1(this);
+           var fractDigits = toInteger(fractionDigits);
+           var data = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+           var sign = '';
+           var result = '0';
+           var e, z, j, k;
 
-       // `Array.prototype.includes` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.includes
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !USES_TO_LENGTH$c }, {
-         includes: function includes(el /* , fromIndex = 0 */) {
-           return $includes$1(this, el, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+           if (fractDigits < 0 || fractDigits > 20) throw RangeError('Incorrect fraction digits');
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           if (number != number) return 'NaN';
+           if (number <= -1e21 || number >= 1e21) return String(number);
+           if (number < 0) {
+             sign = '-';
+             number = -number;
+           }
+           if (number > 1e-21) {
+             e = log(number * pow(2, 69, 1)) - 69;
+             z = e < 0 ? number * pow(2, -e, 1) : number / pow(2, e, 1);
+             z *= 0x10000000000000;
+             e = 52 - e;
+             if (e > 0) {
+               multiply(data, 0, z);
+               j = fractDigits;
+               while (j >= 7) {
+                 multiply(data, 1e7, 0);
+                 j -= 7;
+               }
+               multiply(data, pow(10, j, 1), 0);
+               j = e - 1;
+               while (j >= 23) {
+                 divide(data, 1 << 23);
+                 j -= 23;
+               }
+               divide(data, 1 << j);
+               multiply(data, 1, 1);
+               divide(data, 2);
+               result = dataToString(data);
+             } else {
+               multiply(data, 0, z);
+               multiply(data, 1 << -e, 0);
+               result = dataToString(data) + repeat$2.call('0', fractDigits);
+             }
+           }
+           if (fractDigits > 0) {
+             k = result.length;
+             result = sign + (k <= fractDigits
+               ? '0.' + repeat$2.call('0', fractDigits - k) + result
+               : result.slice(0, k - fractDigits) + '.' + result.slice(k - fractDigits));
+           } else {
+             result = sign + result;
+           } return result;
          }
        });
 
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
-       addToUnscopables('includes');
+       var global$1 = global$F;
 
-       var notARegexp = function (it) {
-         if (isRegexp(it)) {
-           throw TypeError("The method doesn't accept regular expressions");
-         } return it;
+       var globalIsFinite = global$1.isFinite;
+
+       // `Number.isFinite` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.isfinite
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-number-isfinite -- safe
+       var numberIsFinite$1 = Number.isFinite || function isFinite(it) {
+         return typeof it == 'number' && globalIsFinite(it);
        };
 
-       var MATCH$2 = wellKnownSymbol('match');
+       var $$i = _export;
+       var numberIsFinite = numberIsFinite$1;
 
-       var correctIsRegexpLogic = function (METHOD_NAME) {
-         var regexp = /./;
-         try {
-           '/./'[METHOD_NAME](regexp);
-         } catch (e) {
-           try {
-             regexp[MATCH$2] = false;
-             return '/./'[METHOD_NAME](regexp);
-           } catch (f) { /* empty */ }
-         } return false;
-       };
-
-       // `String.prototype.includes` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.includes
-       _export({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: !correctIsRegexpLogic('includes') }, {
-         includes: function includes(searchString /* , position = 0 */) {
-           return !!~String(requireObjectCoercible(this))
-             .indexOf(notARegexp(searchString), arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
-         }
-       });
+       // `Number.isFinite` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.isfinite
+       $$i({ target: 'Number', stat: true }, { isFinite: numberIsFinite });
 
-       var _detected;
+       var $$h = _export;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex = toAbsoluteIndex$8;
 
-       function utilDetect(refresh) {
-         if (_detected && !refresh) return _detected;
-         _detected = {};
-         var ua = navigator.userAgent;
-         var m = null;
-         /* Browser */
+       var fromCharCode = String.fromCharCode;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-string-fromcodepoint -- required for testing
+       var $fromCodePoint = String.fromCodePoint;
 
-         m = ua.match(/(edge)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i); // Edge
+       // length should be 1, old FF problem
+       var INCORRECT_LENGTH = !!$fromCodePoint && $fromCodePoint.length != 1;
 
-         if (m !== null) {
-           _detected.browser = m[1];
-           _detected.version = m[2];
+       // `String.fromCodePoint` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.fromcodepoint
+       $$h({ target: 'String', stat: true, forced: INCORRECT_LENGTH }, {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         fromCodePoint: function fromCodePoint(x) {
+           var elements = [];
+           var length = arguments.length;
+           var i = 0;
+           var code;
+           while (length > i) {
+             code = +arguments[i++];
+             if (toAbsoluteIndex(code, 0x10FFFF) !== code) throw RangeError(code + ' is not a valid code point');
+             elements.push(code < 0x10000
+               ? fromCharCode(code)
+               : fromCharCode(((code -= 0x10000) >> 10) + 0xD800, code % 0x400 + 0xDC00)
+             );
+           } return elements.join('');
          }
+       });
 
-         if (!_detected.browser) {
-           m = ua.match(/Trident\/.*rv:([0-9]{1,}[\.0-9]{0,})/i); // IE11
+       var fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic = fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic;
+       var anObject = anObject$m;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$5 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var sameValue = sameValue$1;
+       var regExpExec = regexpExecAbstract;
 
-           if (m !== null) {
-             _detected.browser = 'msie';
-             _detected.version = m[1];
-           }
-         }
+       // @@search logic
+       fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic('search', function (SEARCH, nativeSearch, maybeCallNative) {
+         return [
+           // `String.prototype.search` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.search
+           function search(regexp) {
+             var O = requireObjectCoercible$5(this);
+             var searcher = regexp == undefined ? undefined : regexp[SEARCH];
+             return searcher !== undefined ? searcher.call(regexp, O) : new RegExp(regexp)[SEARCH](String(O));
+           },
+           // `RegExp.prototype[@@search]` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@search
+           function (string) {
+             var res = maybeCallNative(nativeSearch, this, string);
+             if (res.done) return res.value;
 
-         if (!_detected.browser) {
-           m = ua.match(/(opr)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i); // Opera 15+
+             var rx = anObject(this);
+             var S = String(string);
 
-           if (m !== null) {
-             _detected.browser = 'Opera';
-             _detected.version = m[2];
+             var previousLastIndex = rx.lastIndex;
+             if (!sameValue(previousLastIndex, 0)) rx.lastIndex = 0;
+             var result = regExpExec(rx, S);
+             if (!sameValue(rx.lastIndex, previousLastIndex)) rx.lastIndex = previousLastIndex;
+             return result === null ? -1 : result.index;
            }
-         }
+         ];
+       });
 
-         if (!_detected.browser) {
-           m = ua.match(/(opera|chrome|safari|firefox|msie)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i);
+       var rbush$2 = {exports: {}};
 
-           if (m !== null) {
-             _detected.browser = m[1];
-             _detected.version = m[2];
-             m = ua.match(/version\/([\.\d]+)/i);
-             if (m !== null) _detected.version = m[1];
-           }
-         }
+       var quickselect$2 = {exports: {}};
 
-         if (!_detected.browser) {
-           _detected.browser = navigator.appName;
-           _detected.version = navigator.appVersion;
-         } // keep major.minor version only..
+       (function (module, exports) {
+         (function (global, factory) {
+           module.exports = factory() ;
+         })(commonjsGlobal, function () {
 
+           function quickselect(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
+             quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || arr.length - 1, compare || defaultCompare);
+           }
 
-         _detected.version = _detected.version.split(/\W/).slice(0, 2).join('.'); // detect other browser capabilities
-         // Legacy Opera has incomplete svg style support. See #715
+           function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
+             while (right > left) {
+               if (right - left > 600) {
+                 var n = right - left + 1;
+                 var m = k - left + 1;
+                 var z = Math.log(n);
+                 var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
+                 var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
+                 var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
+                 var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
+                 quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
+               }
 
-         _detected.opera = _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'opera' && parseFloat(_detected.version) < 15;
+               var t = arr[k];
+               var i = left;
+               var j = right;
+               swap(arr, left, k);
+               if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) swap(arr, left, right);
 
-         if (_detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'msie') {
-           _detected.ie = true;
-           _detected.browser = 'Internet Explorer';
-           _detected.support = parseFloat(_detected.version) >= 11;
-         } else {
-           _detected.ie = false;
-           _detected.support = true;
-         }
+               while (i < j) {
+                 swap(arr, i, j);
+                 i++;
+                 j--;
 
-         _detected.filedrop = window.FileReader && 'ondrop' in window;
-         _detected.download = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');
-         _detected.cssfilters = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');
-         /* Platform */
+                 while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) {
+                   i++;
+                 }
 
-         if (/Win/.test(ua)) {
-           _detected.os = 'win';
-           _detected.platform = 'Windows';
-         } else if (/Mac/.test(ua)) {
-           _detected.os = 'mac';
-           _detected.platform = 'Macintosh';
-         } else if (/X11/.test(ua) || /Linux/.test(ua)) {
-           _detected.os = 'linux';
-           _detected.platform = 'Linux';
-         } else {
-           _detected.os = 'win';
-           _detected.platform = 'Unknown';
-         }
+                 while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) {
+                   j--;
+                 }
+               }
 
-         _detected.isMobileWebKit = (/\b(iPad|iPhone|iPod)\b/.test(ua) || // HACK: iPadOS 13+ requests desktop sites by default by using a Mac user agent,
-         // so assume any "mac" with multitouch is actually iOS
-         navigator.platform === 'MacIntel' && 'maxTouchPoints' in navigator && navigator.maxTouchPoints > 1) && /WebKit/.test(ua) && !/Edge/.test(ua) && !window.MSStream;
-         /* Locale */
-         // An array of locales requested by the browser in priority order.
+               if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) swap(arr, left, j);else {
+                 j++;
+                 swap(arr, j, right);
+               }
+               if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
+               if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
+             }
+           }
 
-         _detected.browserLocales = Array.from(new Set( // remove duplicates
-         [navigator.language].concat(navigator.languages || []).concat([// old property for backwards compatibility
-         navigator.userLanguage]) // remove any undefined values
-         .filter(Boolean)));
-         /* Host */
+           function swap(arr, i, j) {
+             var tmp = arr[i];
+             arr[i] = arr[j];
+             arr[j] = tmp;
+           }
 
-         var loc = window.top.location;
-         var origin = loc.origin;
+           function defaultCompare(a, b) {
+             return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
+           }
 
-         if (!origin) {
-           // for unpatched IE11
-           origin = loc.protocol + '//' + loc.hostname + (loc.port ? ':' + loc.port : '');
-         }
+           return quickselect;
+         });
+       })(quickselect$2);
 
-         _detected.host = origin + loc.pathname;
-         return _detected;
-       }
+       rbush$2.exports = rbush$1;
 
-       var getOwnPropertyNames$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
-       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$3 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
-       var defineProperty$a = objectDefineProperty.f;
-       var trim$2 = stringTrim.trim;
+       rbush$2.exports["default"] = rbush$1;
 
-       var NUMBER = 'Number';
-       var NativeNumber = global_1[NUMBER];
-       var NumberPrototype = NativeNumber.prototype;
+       var quickselect$1 = quickselect$2.exports;
 
-       // Opera ~12 has broken Object#toString
-       var BROKEN_CLASSOF = classofRaw(objectCreate(NumberPrototype)) == NUMBER;
+       function rbush$1(maxEntries, format) {
+         if (!(this instanceof rbush$1)) return new rbush$1(maxEntries, format); // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
 
-       // `ToNumber` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-tonumber
-       var toNumber = function (argument) {
-         var it = toPrimitive(argument, false);
-         var first, third, radix, maxCode, digits, length, index, code;
-         if (typeof it == 'string' && it.length > 2) {
-           it = trim$2(it);
-           first = it.charCodeAt(0);
-           if (first === 43 || first === 45) {
-             third = it.charCodeAt(2);
-             if (third === 88 || third === 120) return NaN; // Number('+0x1') should be NaN, old V8 fix
-           } else if (first === 48) {
-             switch (it.charCodeAt(1)) {
-               case 66: case 98: radix = 2; maxCode = 49; break; // fast equal of /^0b[01]+$/i
-               case 79: case 111: radix = 8; maxCode = 55; break; // fast equal of /^0o[0-7]+$/i
-               default: return +it;
-             }
-             digits = it.slice(2);
-             length = digits.length;
-             for (index = 0; index < length; index++) {
-               code = digits.charCodeAt(index);
-               // parseInt parses a string to a first unavailable symbol
-               // but ToNumber should return NaN if a string contains unavailable symbols
-               if (code < 48 || code > maxCode) return NaN;
-             } return parseInt(digits, radix);
-           }
-         } return +it;
-       };
+         this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries || 9);
+         this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));
 
-       // `Number` constructor
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-number-constructor
-       if (isForced_1(NUMBER, !NativeNumber(' 0o1') || !NativeNumber('0b1') || NativeNumber('+0x1'))) {
-         var NumberWrapper = function Number(value) {
-           var it = arguments.length < 1 ? 0 : value;
-           var dummy = this;
-           return dummy instanceof NumberWrapper
-             // check on 1..constructor(foo) case
-             && (BROKEN_CLASSOF ? fails(function () { NumberPrototype.valueOf.call(dummy); }) : classofRaw(dummy) != NUMBER)
-               ? inheritIfRequired(new NativeNumber(toNumber(it)), dummy, NumberWrapper) : toNumber(it);
-         };
-         for (var keys$3 = descriptors ? getOwnPropertyNames$2(NativeNumber) : (
-           // ES3:
-           'MAX_VALUE,MIN_VALUE,NaN,NEGATIVE_INFINITY,POSITIVE_INFINITY,' +
-           // ES2015 (in case, if modules with ES2015 Number statics required before):
-           'EPSILON,isFinite,isInteger,isNaN,isSafeInteger,MAX_SAFE_INTEGER,' +
-           'MIN_SAFE_INTEGER,parseFloat,parseInt,isInteger'
-         ).split(','), j$2 = 0, key$1; keys$3.length > j$2; j$2++) {
-           if (has(NativeNumber, key$1 = keys$3[j$2]) && !has(NumberWrapper, key$1)) {
-             defineProperty$a(NumberWrapper, key$1, getOwnPropertyDescriptor$3(NativeNumber, key$1));
-           }
+         if (format) {
+           this._initFormat(format);
          }
-         NumberWrapper.prototype = NumberPrototype;
-         NumberPrototype.constructor = NumberWrapper;
-         redefine(global_1, NUMBER, NumberWrapper);
+
+         this.clear();
        }
 
-       // `Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER` constant
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-number.max_safe_integer
-       _export({ target: 'Number', stat: true }, {
-         MAX_SAFE_INTEGER: 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF
-       });
+       rbush$1.prototype = {
+         all: function all() {
+           return this._all(this.data, []);
+         },
+         search: function search(bbox) {
+           var node = this.data,
+               result = [],
+               toBBox = this.toBBox;
+           if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) return result;
+           var nodesToSearch = [],
+               i,
+               len,
+               child,
+               childBBox;
 
-       var aesJs = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-         /*! MIT License. Copyright 2015-2018 Richard Moore <me@ricmoo.com>. See LICENSE.txt. */
-         (function (root) {
+           while (node) {
+             for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
+               child = node.children[i];
+               childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
 
-           function checkInt(value) {
-             return parseInt(value) === value;
+               if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
+                 if (node.leaf) result.push(child);else if (contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) this._all(child, result);else nodesToSearch.push(child);
+               }
+             }
+
+             node = nodesToSearch.pop();
            }
 
-           function checkInts(arrayish) {
-             if (!checkInt(arrayish.length)) {
-               return false;
-             }
+           return result;
+         },
+         collides: function collides(bbox) {
+           var node = this.data,
+               toBBox = this.toBBox;
+           if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) return false;
+           var nodesToSearch = [],
+               i,
+               len,
+               child,
+               childBBox;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < arrayish.length; i++) {
-               if (!checkInt(arrayish[i]) || arrayish[i] < 0 || arrayish[i] > 255) {
-                 return false;
+           while (node) {
+             for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
+               child = node.children[i];
+               childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
+
+               if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
+                 if (node.leaf || contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) return true;
+                 nodesToSearch.push(child);
                }
              }
 
-             return true;
+             node = nodesToSearch.pop();
            }
 
-           function coerceArray(arg, copy) {
-             // ArrayBuffer view
-             if (arg.buffer && arg.name === 'Uint8Array') {
-               if (copy) {
-                 if (arg.slice) {
-                   arg = arg.slice();
-                 } else {
-                   arg = Array.prototype.slice.call(arg);
-                 }
-               }
+           return false;
+         },
+         load: function load(data) {
+           if (!(data && data.length)) return this;
 
-               return arg;
-             } // It's an array; check it is a valid representation of a byte
+           if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
+             for (var i = 0, len = data.length; i < len; i++) {
+               this.insert(data[i]);
+             }
 
+             return this;
+           } // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
 
-             if (Array.isArray(arg)) {
-               if (!checkInts(arg)) {
-                 throw new Error('Array contains invalid value: ' + arg);
-               }
 
-               return new Uint8Array(arg);
-             } // Something else, but behaves like an array (maybe a Buffer? Arguments?)
+           var node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);
 
+           if (!this.data.children.length) {
+             // save as is if tree is empty
+             this.data = node;
+           } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
+             // split root if trees have the same height
+             this._splitRoot(this.data, node);
+           } else {
+             if (this.data.height < node.height) {
+               // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
+               var tmpNode = this.data;
+               this.data = node;
+               node = tmpNode;
+             } // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
 
-             if (checkInt(arg.length) && checkInts(arg)) {
-               return new Uint8Array(arg);
-             }
 
-             throw new Error('unsupported array-like object');
+             this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
            }
 
-           function createArray(length) {
-             return new Uint8Array(length);
-           }
+           return this;
+         },
+         insert: function insert(item) {
+           if (item) this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1);
+           return this;
+         },
+         clear: function clear() {
+           this.data = createNode$1([]);
+           return this;
+         },
+         remove: function remove(item, equalsFn) {
+           if (!item) return this;
+           var node = this.data,
+               bbox = this.toBBox(item),
+               path = [],
+               indexes = [],
+               i,
+               parent,
+               index,
+               goingUp; // depth-first iterative tree traversal
 
-           function copyArray(sourceArray, targetArray, targetStart, sourceStart, sourceEnd) {
-             if (sourceStart != null || sourceEnd != null) {
-               if (sourceArray.slice) {
-                 sourceArray = sourceArray.slice(sourceStart, sourceEnd);
-               } else {
-                 sourceArray = Array.prototype.slice.call(sourceArray, sourceStart, sourceEnd);
-               }
+           while (node || path.length) {
+             if (!node) {
+               // go up
+               node = path.pop();
+               parent = path[path.length - 1];
+               i = indexes.pop();
+               goingUp = true;
              }
 
-             targetArray.set(sourceArray, targetStart);
-           }
+             if (node.leaf) {
+               // check current node
+               index = findItem$1(item, node.children, equalsFn);
 
-           var convertUtf8 = function () {
-             function toBytes(text) {
-               var result = [],
-                   i = 0;
-               text = encodeURI(text);
+               if (index !== -1) {
+                 // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
+                 node.children.splice(index, 1);
+                 path.push(node);
 
-               while (i < text.length) {
-                 var c = text.charCodeAt(i++); // if it is a % sign, encode the following 2 bytes as a hex value
+                 this._condense(path);
 
-                 if (c === 37) {
-                   result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
-                   i += 2; // otherwise, just the actual byte
-                 } else {
-                   result.push(c);
-                 }
+                 return this;
                }
-
-               return coerceArray(result);
              }
 
-             function fromBytes(bytes) {
-               var result = [],
-                   i = 0;
+             if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains$1(node, bbox)) {
+               // go down
+               path.push(node);
+               indexes.push(i);
+               i = 0;
+               parent = node;
+               node = node.children[0];
+             } else if (parent) {
+               // go right
+               i++;
+               node = parent.children[i];
+               goingUp = false;
+             } else node = null; // nothing found
 
-               while (i < bytes.length) {
-                 var c = bytes[i];
+           }
 
-                 if (c < 128) {
-                   result.push(String.fromCharCode(c));
-                   i++;
-                 } else if (c > 191 && c < 224) {
-                   result.push(String.fromCharCode((c & 0x1f) << 6 | bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f));
-                   i += 2;
-                 } else {
-                   result.push(String.fromCharCode((c & 0x0f) << 12 | (bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f) << 6 | bytes[i + 2] & 0x3f));
-                   i += 3;
-                 }
-               }
+           return this;
+         },
+         toBBox: function toBBox(item) {
+           return item;
+         },
+         compareMinX: compareNodeMinX$1,
+         compareMinY: compareNodeMinY$1,
+         toJSON: function toJSON() {
+           return this.data;
+         },
+         fromJSON: function fromJSON(data) {
+           this.data = data;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _all: function _all(node, result) {
+           var nodesToSearch = [];
 
-               return result.join('');
-             }
+           while (node) {
+             if (node.leaf) result.push.apply(result, node.children);else nodesToSearch.push.apply(nodesToSearch, node.children);
+             node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+           }
 
-             return {
-               toBytes: toBytes,
-               fromBytes: fromBytes
-             };
-           }();
+           return result;
+         },
+         _build: function _build(items, left, right, height) {
+           var N = right - left + 1,
+               M = this._maxEntries,
+               node;
 
-           var convertHex = function () {
-             function toBytes(text) {
-               var result = [];
+           if (N <= M) {
+             // reached leaf level; return leaf
+             node = createNode$1(items.slice(left, right + 1));
+             calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
+             return node;
+           }
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < text.length; i += 2) {
-                 result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
-               }
+           if (!height) {
+             // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
+             height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M)); // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
 
-               return result;
-             } // http://ixti.net/development/javascript/2011/11/11/base64-encodedecode-of-utf8-in-browser-with-js.html
+             M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
+           }
 
+           node = createNode$1([]);
+           node.leaf = false;
+           node.height = height; // split the items into M mostly square tiles
 
-             var Hex = '0123456789abcdef';
+           var N2 = Math.ceil(N / M),
+               N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M)),
+               i,
+               j,
+               right2,
+               right3;
+           multiSelect$1(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);
 
-             function fromBytes(bytes) {
-               var result = [];
+           for (i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {
+             right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);
+             multiSelect$1(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
-                 var v = bytes[i];
-                 result.push(Hex[(v & 0xf0) >> 4] + Hex[v & 0x0f]);
-               }
+             for (j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {
+               right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2); // pack each entry recursively
 
-               return result.join('');
+               node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
              }
+           }
 
-             return {
-               toBytes: toBytes,
-               fromBytes: fromBytes
-             };
-           }(); // Number of rounds by keysize
-
+           calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
+           return node;
+         },
+         _chooseSubtree: function _chooseSubtree(bbox, node, level, path) {
+           var i, len, child, targetNode, area, enlargement, minArea, minEnlargement;
 
-           var numberOfRounds = {
-             16: 10,
-             24: 12,
-             32: 14
-           }; // Round constant words
-
-           var rcon = [0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91]; // S-box and Inverse S-box (S is for Substitution)
-
-           var S = [0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76, 0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0, 0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15, 0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75, 0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf, 0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8, 0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2, 0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73, 0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb, 0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79, 0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08, 0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a, 0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e, 0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf, 0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16];
-           var Si = [0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb, 0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f, 0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb, 0x54, 0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b, 0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e, 0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24, 0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25, 0x72, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xb6, 0x92, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda, 0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84, 0x90, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x45, 0x06, 0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b, 0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6, 0x73, 0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9, 0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e, 0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d, 0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b, 0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4, 0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f, 0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef, 0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5, 0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61, 0x17, 0x2b, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d]; // Transformations for encryption
+           while (true) {
+             path.push(node);
+             if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) break;
+             minArea = minEnlargement = Infinity;
 
-           var T1 = [0xc66363a5, 0xf87c7c84, 0xee777799, 0xf67b7b8d, 0xfff2f20d, 0xd66b6bbd, 0xde6f6fb1, 0x91c5c554, 0x60303050, 0x02010103, 0xce6767a9, 0x562b2b7d, 0xe7fefe19, 0xb5d7d762, 0x4dababe6, 0xec76769a, 0x8fcaca45, 0x1f82829d, 0x89c9c940, 0xfa7d7d87, 0xeffafa15, 0xb25959eb, 0x8e4747c9, 0xfbf0f00b, 0x41adadec, 0xb3d4d467, 0x5fa2a2fd, 0x45afafea, 0x239c9cbf, 0x53a4a4f7, 0xe4727296, 0x9bc0c05b, 0x75b7b7c2, 0xe1fdfd1c, 0x3d9393ae, 0x4c26266a, 0x6c36365a, 0x7e3f3f41, 0xf5f7f702, 0x83cccc4f, 0x6834345c, 0x51a5a5f4, 0xd1e5e534, 0xf9f1f108, 0xe2717193, 0xabd8d873, 0x62313153, 0x2a15153f, 0x0804040c, 0x95c7c752, 0x46232365, 0x9dc3c35e, 0x30181828, 0x379696a1, 0x0a05050f, 0x2f9a9ab5, 0x0e070709, 0x24121236, 0x1b80809b, 0xdfe2e23d, 0xcdebeb26, 0x4e272769, 0x7fb2b2cd, 0xea75759f, 0x1209091b, 0x1d83839e, 0x582c2c74, 0x341a1a2e, 0x361b1b2d, 0xdc6e6eb2, 0xb45a5aee, 0x5ba0a0fb, 0xa45252f6, 0x763b3b4d, 0xb7d6d661, 0x7db3b3ce, 0x5229297b, 0xdde3e33e, 0x5e2f2f71, 0x13848497, 0xa65353f5, 0xb9d1d168, 0x00000000, 0xc1eded2c, 0x40202060, 0xe3fcfc1f, 0x79b1b1c8, 0xb65b5bed, 0xd46a6abe, 0x8dcbcb46, 0x67bebed9, 0x7239394b, 0x944a4ade, 0x984c4cd4, 0xb05858e8, 0x85cfcf4a, 0xbbd0d06b, 0xc5efef2a, 0x4faaaae5, 0xedfbfb16, 0x864343c5, 0x9a4d4dd7, 0x66333355, 0x11858594, 0x8a4545cf, 0xe9f9f910, 0x04020206, 0xfe7f7f81, 0xa05050f0, 0x783c3c44, 0x259f9fba, 0x4ba8a8e3, 0xa25151f3, 0x5da3a3fe, 0x804040c0, 0x058f8f8a, 0x3f9292ad, 0x219d9dbc, 0x70383848, 0xf1f5f504, 0x63bcbcdf, 0x77b6b6c1, 0xafdada75, 0x42212163, 0x20101030, 0xe5ffff1a, 0xfdf3f30e, 0xbfd2d26d, 0x81cdcd4c, 0x180c0c14, 0x26131335, 0xc3ecec2f, 0xbe5f5fe1, 0x359797a2, 0x884444cc, 0x2e171739, 0x93c4c457, 0x55a7a7f2, 0xfc7e7e82, 0x7a3d3d47, 0xc86464ac, 0xba5d5de7, 0x3219192b, 0xe6737395, 0xc06060a0, 0x19818198, 0x9e4f4fd1, 0xa3dcdc7f, 0x44222266, 0x542a2a7e, 0x3b9090ab, 0x0b888883, 0x8c4646ca, 0xc7eeee29, 0x6bb8b8d3, 0x2814143c, 0xa7dede79, 0xbc5e5ee2, 0x160b0b1d, 0xaddbdb76, 0xdbe0e03b, 0x64323256, 0x743a3a4e, 0x140a0a1e, 0x924949db, 0x0c06060a, 0x4824246c, 0xb85c5ce4, 0x9fc2c25d, 0xbdd3d36e, 0x43acacef, 0xc46262a6, 0x399191a8, 0x319595a4, 0xd3e4e437, 0xf279798b, 0xd5e7e732, 0x8bc8c843, 0x6e373759, 0xda6d6db7, 0x018d8d8c, 0xb1d5d564, 0x9c4e4ed2, 0x49a9a9e0, 0xd86c6cb4, 0xac5656fa, 0xf3f4f407, 0xcfeaea25, 0xca6565af, 0xf47a7a8e, 0x47aeaee9, 0x10080818, 0x6fbabad5, 0xf0787888, 0x4a25256f, 0x5c2e2e72, 0x381c1c24, 0x57a6a6f1, 0x73b4b4c7, 0x97c6c651, 0xcbe8e823, 0xa1dddd7c, 0xe874749c, 0x3e1f1f21, 0x964b4bdd, 0x61bdbddc, 0x0d8b8b86, 0x0f8a8a85, 0xe0707090, 0x7c3e3e42, 0x71b5b5c4, 0xcc6666aa, 0x904848d8, 0x06030305, 0xf7f6f601, 0x1c0e0e12, 0xc26161a3, 0x6a35355f, 0xae5757f9, 0x69b9b9d0, 0x17868691, 0x99c1c158, 0x3a1d1d27, 0x279e9eb9, 0xd9e1e138, 0xebf8f813, 0x2b9898b3, 0x22111133, 0xd26969bb, 0xa9d9d970, 0x078e8e89, 0x339494a7, 0x2d9b9bb6, 0x3c1e1e22, 0x15878792, 0xc9e9e920, 0x87cece49, 0xaa5555ff, 0x50282878, 0xa5dfdf7a, 0x038c8c8f, 0x59a1a1f8, 0x09898980, 0x1a0d0d17, 0x65bfbfda, 0xd7e6e631, 0x844242c6, 0xd06868b8, 0x824141c3, 0x299999b0, 0x5a2d2d77, 0x1e0f0f11, 0x7bb0b0cb, 0xa85454fc, 0x6dbbbbd6, 0x2c16163a];
-           var T2 = [0xa5c66363, 0x84f87c7c, 0x99ee7777, 0x8df67b7b, 0x0dfff2f2, 0xbdd66b6b, 0xb1de6f6f, 0x5491c5c5, 0x50603030, 0x03020101, 0xa9ce6767, 0x7d562b2b, 0x19e7fefe, 0x62b5d7d7, 0xe64dabab, 0x9aec7676, 0x458fcaca, 0x9d1f8282, 0x4089c9c9, 0x87fa7d7d, 0x15effafa, 0xebb25959, 0xc98e4747, 0x0bfbf0f0, 0xec41adad, 0x67b3d4d4, 0xfd5fa2a2, 0xea45afaf, 0xbf239c9c, 0xf753a4a4, 0x96e47272, 0x5b9bc0c0, 0xc275b7b7, 0x1ce1fdfd, 0xae3d9393, 0x6a4c2626, 0x5a6c3636, 0x417e3f3f, 0x02f5f7f7, 0x4f83cccc, 0x5c683434, 0xf451a5a5, 0x34d1e5e5, 0x08f9f1f1, 0x93e27171, 0x73abd8d8, 0x53623131, 0x3f2a1515, 0x0c080404, 0x5295c7c7, 0x65462323, 0x5e9dc3c3, 0x28301818, 0xa1379696, 0x0f0a0505, 0xb52f9a9a, 0x090e0707, 0x36241212, 0x9b1b8080, 0x3ddfe2e2, 0x26cdebeb, 0x694e2727, 0xcd7fb2b2, 0x9fea7575, 0x1b120909, 0x9e1d8383, 0x74582c2c, 0x2e341a1a, 0x2d361b1b, 0xb2dc6e6e, 0xeeb45a5a, 0xfb5ba0a0, 0xf6a45252, 0x4d763b3b, 0x61b7d6d6, 0xce7db3b3, 0x7b522929, 0x3edde3e3, 0x715e2f2f, 0x97138484, 0xf5a65353, 0x68b9d1d1, 0x00000000, 0x2cc1eded, 0x60402020, 0x1fe3fcfc, 0xc879b1b1, 0xedb65b5b, 0xbed46a6a, 0x468dcbcb, 0xd967bebe, 0x4b723939, 0xde944a4a, 0xd4984c4c, 0xe8b05858, 0x4a85cfcf, 0x6bbbd0d0, 0x2ac5efef, 0xe54faaaa, 0x16edfbfb, 0xc5864343, 0xd79a4d4d, 0x55663333, 0x94118585, 0xcf8a4545, 0x10e9f9f9, 0x06040202, 0x81fe7f7f, 0xf0a05050, 0x44783c3c, 0xba259f9f, 0xe34ba8a8, 0xf3a25151, 0xfe5da3a3, 0xc0804040, 0x8a058f8f, 0xad3f9292, 0xbc219d9d, 0x48703838, 0x04f1f5f5, 0xdf63bcbc, 0xc177b6b6, 0x75afdada, 0x63422121, 0x30201010, 0x1ae5ffff, 0x0efdf3f3, 0x6dbfd2d2, 0x4c81cdcd, 0x14180c0c, 0x35261313, 0x2fc3ecec, 0xe1be5f5f, 0xa2359797, 0xcc884444, 0x392e1717, 0x5793c4c4, 0xf255a7a7, 0x82fc7e7e, 0x477a3d3d, 0xacc86464, 0xe7ba5d5d, 0x2b321919, 0x95e67373, 0xa0c06060, 0x98198181, 0xd19e4f4f, 0x7fa3dcdc, 0x66442222, 0x7e542a2a, 0xab3b9090, 0x830b8888, 0xca8c4646, 0x29c7eeee, 0xd36bb8b8, 0x3c281414, 0x79a7dede, 0xe2bc5e5e, 0x1d160b0b, 0x76addbdb, 0x3bdbe0e0, 0x56643232, 0x4e743a3a, 0x1e140a0a, 0xdb924949, 0x0a0c0606, 0x6c482424, 0xe4b85c5c, 0x5d9fc2c2, 0x6ebdd3d3, 0xef43acac, 0xa6c46262, 0xa8399191, 0xa4319595, 0x37d3e4e4, 0x8bf27979, 0x32d5e7e7, 0x438bc8c8, 0x596e3737, 0xb7da6d6d, 0x8c018d8d, 0x64b1d5d5, 0xd29c4e4e, 0xe049a9a9, 0xb4d86c6c, 0xfaac5656, 0x07f3f4f4, 0x25cfeaea, 0xafca6565, 0x8ef47a7a, 0xe947aeae, 0x18100808, 0xd56fbaba, 0x88f07878, 0x6f4a2525, 0x725c2e2e, 0x24381c1c, 0xf157a6a6, 0xc773b4b4, 0x5197c6c6, 0x23cbe8e8, 0x7ca1dddd, 0x9ce87474, 0x213e1f1f, 0xdd964b4b, 0xdc61bdbd, 0x860d8b8b, 0x850f8a8a, 0x90e07070, 0x427c3e3e, 0xc471b5b5, 0xaacc6666, 0xd8904848, 0x05060303, 0x01f7f6f6, 0x121c0e0e, 0xa3c26161, 0x5f6a3535, 0xf9ae5757, 0xd069b9b9, 0x91178686, 0x5899c1c1, 0x273a1d1d, 0xb9279e9e, 0x38d9e1e1, 0x13ebf8f8, 0xb32b9898, 0x33221111, 0xbbd26969, 0x70a9d9d9, 0x89078e8e, 0xa7339494, 0xb62d9b9b, 0x223c1e1e, 0x92158787, 0x20c9e9e9, 0x4987cece, 0xffaa5555, 0x78502828, 0x7aa5dfdf, 0x8f038c8c, 0xf859a1a1, 0x80098989, 0x171a0d0d, 0xda65bfbf, 0x31d7e6e6, 0xc6844242, 0xb8d06868, 0xc3824141, 0xb0299999, 0x775a2d2d, 0x111e0f0f, 0xcb7bb0b0, 0xfca85454, 0xd66dbbbb, 0x3a2c1616];
-           var T3 = [0x63a5c663, 0x7c84f87c, 0x7799ee77, 0x7b8df67b, 0xf20dfff2, 0x6bbdd66b, 0x6fb1de6f, 0xc55491c5, 0x30506030, 0x01030201, 0x67a9ce67, 0x2b7d562b, 0xfe19e7fe, 0xd762b5d7, 0xabe64dab, 0x769aec76, 0xca458fca, 0x829d1f82, 0xc94089c9, 0x7d87fa7d, 0xfa15effa, 0x59ebb259, 0x47c98e47, 0xf00bfbf0, 0xadec41ad, 0xd467b3d4, 0xa2fd5fa2, 0xafea45af, 0x9cbf239c, 0xa4f753a4, 0x7296e472, 0xc05b9bc0, 0xb7c275b7, 0xfd1ce1fd, 0x93ae3d93, 0x266a4c26, 0x365a6c36, 0x3f417e3f, 0xf702f5f7, 0xcc4f83cc, 0x345c6834, 0xa5f451a5, 0xe534d1e5, 0xf108f9f1, 0x7193e271, 0xd873abd8, 0x31536231, 0x153f2a15, 0x040c0804, 0xc75295c7, 0x23654623, 0xc35e9dc3, 0x18283018, 0x96a13796, 0x050f0a05, 0x9ab52f9a, 0x07090e07, 0x12362412, 0x809b1b80, 0xe23ddfe2, 0xeb26cdeb, 0x27694e27, 0xb2cd7fb2, 0x759fea75, 0x091b1209, 0x839e1d83, 0x2c74582c, 0x1a2e341a, 0x1b2d361b, 0x6eb2dc6e, 0x5aeeb45a, 0xa0fb5ba0, 0x52f6a452, 0x3b4d763b, 0xd661b7d6, 0xb3ce7db3, 0x297b5229, 0xe33edde3, 0x2f715e2f, 0x84971384, 0x53f5a653, 0xd168b9d1, 0x00000000, 0xed2cc1ed, 0x20604020, 0xfc1fe3fc, 0xb1c879b1, 0x5bedb65b, 0x6abed46a, 0xcb468dcb, 0xbed967be, 0x394b7239, 0x4ade944a, 0x4cd4984c, 0x58e8b058, 0xcf4a85cf, 0xd06bbbd0, 0xef2ac5ef, 0xaae54faa, 0xfb16edfb, 0x43c58643, 0x4dd79a4d, 0x33556633, 0x85941185, 0x45cf8a45, 0xf910e9f9, 0x02060402, 0x7f81fe7f, 0x50f0a050, 0x3c44783c, 0x9fba259f, 0xa8e34ba8, 0x51f3a251, 0xa3fe5da3, 0x40c08040, 0x8f8a058f, 0x92ad3f92, 0x9dbc219d, 0x38487038, 0xf504f1f5, 0xbcdf63bc, 0xb6c177b6, 0xda75afda, 0x21634221, 0x10302010, 0xff1ae5ff, 0xf30efdf3, 0xd26dbfd2, 0xcd4c81cd, 0x0c14180c, 0x13352613, 0xec2fc3ec, 0x5fe1be5f, 0x97a23597, 0x44cc8844, 0x17392e17, 0xc45793c4, 0xa7f255a7, 0x7e82fc7e, 0x3d477a3d, 0x64acc864, 0x5de7ba5d, 0x192b3219, 0x7395e673, 0x60a0c060, 0x81981981, 0x4fd19e4f, 0xdc7fa3dc, 0x22664422, 0x2a7e542a, 0x90ab3b90, 0x88830b88, 0x46ca8c46, 0xee29c7ee, 0xb8d36bb8, 0x143c2814, 0xde79a7de, 0x5ee2bc5e, 0x0b1d160b, 0xdb76addb, 0xe03bdbe0, 0x32566432, 0x3a4e743a, 0x0a1e140a, 0x49db9249, 0x060a0c06, 0x246c4824, 0x5ce4b85c, 0xc25d9fc2, 0xd36ebdd3, 0xacef43ac, 0x62a6c462, 0x91a83991, 0x95a43195, 0xe437d3e4, 0x798bf279, 0xe732d5e7, 0xc8438bc8, 0x37596e37, 0x6db7da6d, 0x8d8c018d, 0xd564b1d5, 0x4ed29c4e, 0xa9e049a9, 0x6cb4d86c, 0x56faac56, 0xf407f3f4, 0xea25cfea, 0x65afca65, 0x7a8ef47a, 0xaee947ae, 0x08181008, 0xbad56fba, 0x7888f078, 0x256f4a25, 0x2e725c2e, 0x1c24381c, 0xa6f157a6, 0xb4c773b4, 0xc65197c6, 0xe823cbe8, 0xdd7ca1dd, 0x749ce874, 0x1f213e1f, 0x4bdd964b, 0xbddc61bd, 0x8b860d8b, 0x8a850f8a, 0x7090e070, 0x3e427c3e, 0xb5c471b5, 0x66aacc66, 0x48d89048, 0x03050603, 0xf601f7f6, 0x0e121c0e, 0x61a3c261, 0x355f6a35, 0x57f9ae57, 0xb9d069b9, 0x86911786, 0xc15899c1, 0x1d273a1d, 0x9eb9279e, 0xe138d9e1, 0xf813ebf8, 0x98b32b98, 0x11332211, 0x69bbd269, 0xd970a9d9, 0x8e89078e, 0x94a73394, 0x9bb62d9b, 0x1e223c1e, 0x87921587, 0xe920c9e9, 0xce4987ce, 0x55ffaa55, 0x28785028, 0xdf7aa5df, 0x8c8f038c, 0xa1f859a1, 0x89800989, 0x0d171a0d, 0xbfda65bf, 0xe631d7e6, 0x42c68442, 0x68b8d068, 0x41c38241, 0x99b02999, 0x2d775a2d, 0x0f111e0f, 0xb0cb7bb0, 0x54fca854, 0xbbd66dbb, 0x163a2c16];
-           var T4 = [0x6363a5c6, 0x7c7c84f8, 0x777799ee, 0x7b7b8df6, 0xf2f20dff, 0x6b6bbdd6, 0x6f6fb1de, 0xc5c55491, 0x30305060, 0x01010302, 0x6767a9ce, 0x2b2b7d56, 0xfefe19e7, 0xd7d762b5, 0xababe64d, 0x76769aec, 0xcaca458f, 0x82829d1f, 0xc9c94089, 0x7d7d87fa, 0xfafa15ef, 0x5959ebb2, 0x4747c98e, 0xf0f00bfb, 0xadadec41, 0xd4d467b3, 0xa2a2fd5f, 0xafafea45, 0x9c9cbf23, 0xa4a4f753, 0x727296e4, 0xc0c05b9b, 0xb7b7c275, 0xfdfd1ce1, 0x9393ae3d, 0x26266a4c, 0x36365a6c, 0x3f3f417e, 0xf7f702f5, 0xcccc4f83, 0x34345c68, 0xa5a5f451, 0xe5e534d1, 0xf1f108f9, 0x717193e2, 0xd8d873ab, 0x31315362, 0x15153f2a, 0x04040c08, 0xc7c75295, 0x23236546, 0xc3c35e9d, 0x18182830, 0x9696a137, 0x05050f0a, 0x9a9ab52f, 0x0707090e, 0x12123624, 0x80809b1b, 0xe2e23ddf, 0xebeb26cd, 0x2727694e, 0xb2b2cd7f, 0x75759fea, 0x09091b12, 0x83839e1d, 0x2c2c7458, 0x1a1a2e34, 0x1b1b2d36, 0x6e6eb2dc, 0x5a5aeeb4, 0xa0a0fb5b, 0x5252f6a4, 0x3b3b4d76, 0xd6d661b7, 0xb3b3ce7d, 0x29297b52, 0xe3e33edd, 0x2f2f715e, 0x84849713, 0x5353f5a6, 0xd1d168b9, 0x00000000, 0xeded2cc1, 0x20206040, 0xfcfc1fe3, 0xb1b1c879, 0x5b5bedb6, 0x6a6abed4, 0xcbcb468d, 0xbebed967, 0x39394b72, 0x4a4ade94, 0x4c4cd498, 0x5858e8b0, 0xcfcf4a85, 0xd0d06bbb, 0xefef2ac5, 0xaaaae54f, 0xfbfb16ed, 0x4343c586, 0x4d4dd79a, 0x33335566, 0x85859411, 0x4545cf8a, 0xf9f910e9, 0x02020604, 0x7f7f81fe, 0x5050f0a0, 0x3c3c4478, 0x9f9fba25, 0xa8a8e34b, 0x5151f3a2, 0xa3a3fe5d, 0x4040c080, 0x8f8f8a05, 0x9292ad3f, 0x9d9dbc21, 0x38384870, 0xf5f504f1, 0xbcbcdf63, 0xb6b6c177, 0xdada75af, 0x21216342, 0x10103020, 0xffff1ae5, 0xf3f30efd, 0xd2d26dbf, 0xcdcd4c81, 0x0c0c1418, 0x13133526, 0xecec2fc3, 0x5f5fe1be, 0x9797a235, 0x4444cc88, 0x1717392e, 0xc4c45793, 0xa7a7f255, 0x7e7e82fc, 0x3d3d477a, 0x6464acc8, 0x5d5de7ba, 0x19192b32, 0x737395e6, 0x6060a0c0, 0x81819819, 0x4f4fd19e, 0xdcdc7fa3, 0x22226644, 0x2a2a7e54, 0x9090ab3b, 0x8888830b, 0x4646ca8c, 0xeeee29c7, 0xb8b8d36b, 0x14143c28, 0xdede79a7, 0x5e5ee2bc, 0x0b0b1d16, 0xdbdb76ad, 0xe0e03bdb, 0x32325664, 0x3a3a4e74, 0x0a0a1e14, 0x4949db92, 0x06060a0c, 0x24246c48, 0x5c5ce4b8, 0xc2c25d9f, 0xd3d36ebd, 0xacacef43, 0x6262a6c4, 0x9191a839, 0x9595a431, 0xe4e437d3, 0x79798bf2, 0xe7e732d5, 0xc8c8438b, 0x3737596e, 0x6d6db7da, 0x8d8d8c01, 0xd5d564b1, 0x4e4ed29c, 0xa9a9e049, 0x6c6cb4d8, 0x5656faac, 0xf4f407f3, 0xeaea25cf, 0x6565afca, 0x7a7a8ef4, 0xaeaee947, 0x08081810, 0xbabad56f, 0x787888f0, 0x25256f4a, 0x2e2e725c, 0x1c1c2438, 0xa6a6f157, 0xb4b4c773, 0xc6c65197, 0xe8e823cb, 0xdddd7ca1, 0x74749ce8, 0x1f1f213e, 0x4b4bdd96, 0xbdbddc61, 0x8b8b860d, 0x8a8a850f, 0x707090e0, 0x3e3e427c, 0xb5b5c471, 0x6666aacc, 0x4848d890, 0x03030506, 0xf6f601f7, 0x0e0e121c, 0x6161a3c2, 0x35355f6a, 0x5757f9ae, 0xb9b9d069, 0x86869117, 0xc1c15899, 0x1d1d273a, 0x9e9eb927, 0xe1e138d9, 0xf8f813eb, 0x9898b32b, 0x11113322, 0x6969bbd2, 0xd9d970a9, 0x8e8e8907, 0x9494a733, 0x9b9bb62d, 0x1e1e223c, 0x87879215, 0xe9e920c9, 0xcece4987, 0x5555ffaa, 0x28287850, 0xdfdf7aa5, 0x8c8c8f03, 0xa1a1f859, 0x89898009, 0x0d0d171a, 0xbfbfda65, 0xe6e631d7, 0x4242c684, 0x6868b8d0, 0x4141c382, 0x9999b029, 0x2d2d775a, 0x0f0f111e, 0xb0b0cb7b, 0x5454fca8, 0xbbbbd66d, 0x16163a2c]; // Transformations for decryption
+             for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
+               child = node.children[i];
+               area = bboxArea$1(child);
+               enlargement = enlargedArea$1(bbox, child) - area; // choose entry with the least area enlargement
 
-           var T5 = [0x51f4a750, 0x7e416553, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x3a275e96, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x1f9d45f1, 0xacfa58ab, 0x4be30393, 0x2030fa55, 0xad766df6, 0x88cc7691, 0xf5024c25, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0xc52acbd7, 0x26354480, 0xb562a38f, 0xdeb15a49, 0x25ba1b67, 0x45ea0e98, 0x5dfec0e1, 0xc32f7502, 0x814cf012, 0x8d4697a3, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x15929c95, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0xd4be832d, 0x587421d3, 0x49e06929, 0x8ec9c844, 0x75c2896a, 0xf48e7978, 0x99583e6b, 0x27b971dd, 0xbee14fb6, 0xf088ad17, 0xc920ac66, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x63df4a18, 0xe51a3182, 0x97513360, 0x62537f45, 0xb16477e0, 0xbb6bae84, 0xfe81a01c, 0xf9082b94, 0x70486858, 0x8f45fd19, 0x94de6c87, 0x527bf8b7, 0xab73d323, 0x724b02e2, 0xe31f8f57, 0x6655ab2a, 0xb2eb2807, 0x2fb5c203, 0x86c57b9a, 0xd33708a5, 0x302887f2, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x02036aba, 0xed16825c, 0x8acf1c2b, 0xa779b492, 0xf307f2f0, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x65daf4cd, 0x0605bed5, 0xd134621f, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0x342e539d, 0xa2f355a0, 0x058ae132, 0xa4f6eb75, 0x0b83ec39, 0x4060efaa, 0x5e719f06, 0xbd6e1051, 0x3e218af9, 0x96dd063d, 0xdd3e05ae, 0x4de6bd46, 0x91548db5, 0x71c45d05, 0x0406d46f, 0x605015ff, 0x1998fb24, 0xd6bde997, 0x894043cc, 0x67d99e77, 0xb0e842bd, 0x07898b88, 0xe7195b38, 0x79c8eedb, 0xa17c0a47, 0x7c420fe9, 0xf8841ec9, 0x00000000, 0x09808683, 0x322bed48, 0x1e1170ac, 0x6c5a724e, 0xfd0efffb, 0x0f853856, 0x3daed51e, 0x362d3927, 0x0a0fd964, 0x685ca621, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x24362e3a, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x9357e70f, 0xb4ee96d2, 0x1b9b919e, 0x80c0c54f, 0x61dc20a2, 0x5a774b69, 0x1c121a16, 0xe293ba0a, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x3c22e043, 0x121b171d, 0x0e090d0b, 0xf28bc7ad, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x141ea9c8, 0x57f11985, 0xaf75074c, 0xee99ddbb, 0xa37f60fd, 0xf701269f, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x44663bc5, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x8b432976, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xb6edfc68, 0xb8e4f163, 0xd731dcca, 0x42638510, 0x13972240, 0x84c61120, 0x854a247d, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xaef93211, 0xc729a16d, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0xdcb230f3, 0x0d8652ec, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x2bb3166c, 0xa970b999, 0x119448fa, 0x47e96422, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa0f03f1a, 0x567d2cd8, 0x223390ef, 0x87494ec7, 0xd938d1c1, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x98d40b36, 0xa6f581cf, 0xa57ade28, 0xdab78e26, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x5078920d, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x547e4662, 0xf68d13c2, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x2e39f75e, 0x82c3aff5, 0x9f5d80be, 0x69d0937c, 0x6fd52da9, 0xcf2512b3, 0xc8ac993b, 0x10187da7, 0xe89c636e, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xcd267809, 0x6e5918f4, 0xec9ab701, 0x834f9aa8, 0xe6956e65, 0xaaffe67e, 0x21bccf08, 0xef15e8e6, 0xbae79bd9, 0x4a6f36ce, 0xea9f09d4, 0x29b07cd6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x2a3f2331, 0xc6a59430, 0x35a266c0, 0x744ebc37, 0xfc82caa6, 0xe090d0b0, 0x33a7d815, 0xf104984a, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x7fcd500e, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x43efb04d, 0xccaa4d54, 0xe49604df, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x4c6a881b, 0xc12c1fb8, 0x4665517f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x018c355d, 0xfa877473, 0xfb0b412e, 0xb3671d5a, 0x92dbd252, 0xe9105633, 0x6dd64713, 0x9ad7618c, 0x37a10c7a, 0x59f8148e, 0xeb133c89, 0xcea927ee, 0xb761c935, 0xe11ce5ed, 0x7a47b13c, 0x9cd2df59, 0x55f2733f, 0x1814ce79, 0x73c737bf, 0x53f7cdea, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0xdf3d6f14, 0x7844db86, 0xcaaff381, 0xb968c43e, 0x3824342c, 0xc2a3405f, 0x161dc372, 0xbce2250c, 0x283c498b, 0xff0d9541, 0x39a80171, 0x080cb3de, 0xd8b4e49c, 0x6456c190, 0x7bcb8461, 0xd532b670, 0x486c5c74, 0xd0b85742];
-           var T6 = [0x5051f4a7, 0x537e4165, 0xc31a17a4, 0x963a275e, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xf11f9d45, 0xabacfa58, 0x934be303, 0x552030fa, 0xf6ad766d, 0x9188cc76, 0x25f5024c, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xd7c52acb, 0x80263544, 0x8fb562a3, 0x49deb15a, 0x6725ba1b, 0x9845ea0e, 0xe15dfec0, 0x02c32f75, 0x12814cf0, 0xa38d4697, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xe7038f5f, 0x9515929c, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0x2dd4be83, 0xd3587421, 0x2949e069, 0x448ec9c8, 0x6a75c289, 0x78f48e79, 0x6b99583e, 0xdd27b971, 0xb6bee14f, 0x17f088ad, 0x66c920ac, 0xb47dce3a, 0x1863df4a, 0x82e51a31, 0x60975133, 0x4562537f, 0xe0b16477, 0x84bb6bae, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x94f9082b, 0x58704868, 0x198f45fd, 0x8794de6c, 0xb7527bf8, 0x23ab73d3, 0xe2724b02, 0x57e31f8f, 0x2a6655ab, 0x07b2eb28, 0x032fb5c2, 0x9a86c57b, 0xa5d33708, 0xf2302887, 0xb223bfa5, 0xba02036a, 0x5ced1682, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x92a779b4, 0xf0f307f2, 0xa14e69e2, 0xcd65daf4, 0xd50605be, 0x1fd13462, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x9d342e53, 0xa0a2f355, 0x32058ae1, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x390b83ec, 0xaa4060ef, 0x065e719f, 0x51bd6e10, 0xf93e218a, 0x3d96dd06, 0xaedd3e05, 0x464de6bd, 0xb591548d, 0x0571c45d, 0x6f0406d4, 0xff605015, 0x241998fb, 0x97d6bde9, 0xcc894043, 0x7767d99e, 0xbdb0e842, 0x8807898b, 0x38e7195b, 0xdb79c8ee, 0x47a17c0a, 0xe97c420f, 0xc9f8841e, 0x00000000, 0x83098086, 0x48322bed, 0xac1e1170, 0x4e6c5a72, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x560f8538, 0x1e3daed5, 0x27362d39, 0x640a0fd9, 0x21685ca6, 0xd19b5b54, 0x3a24362e, 0xb10c0a67, 0x0f9357e7, 0xd2b4ee96, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x4f80c0c5, 0xa261dc20, 0x695a774b, 0x161c121a, 0x0ae293ba, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x433c22e0, 0x1d121b17, 0x0b0e090d, 0xadf28bc7, 0xb92db6a8, 0xc8141ea9, 0x8557f119, 0x4caf7507, 0xbbee99dd, 0xfda37f60, 0x9ff70126, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xc544663b, 0x345bfb7e, 0x768b4329, 0xdccb23c6, 0x68b6edfc, 0x63b8e4f1, 0xcad731dc, 0x10426385, 0x40139722, 0x2084c611, 0x7d854a24, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0x11aef932, 0x6dc729a1, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0xf3dcb230, 0xec0d8652, 0xd077c1e3, 0x6c2bb316, 0x99a970b9, 0xfa119448, 0x2247e964, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0x1aa0f03f, 0xd8567d2c, 0xef223390, 0xc787494e, 0xc1d938d1, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0x3698d40b, 0xcfa6f581, 0x28a57ade, 0x26dab78e, 0xa43fadbf, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x0d507892, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x62547e46, 0xc2f68d13, 0xe890d8b8, 0x5e2e39f7, 0xf582c3af, 0xbe9f5d80, 0x7c69d093, 0xa96fd52d, 0xb3cf2512, 0x3bc8ac99, 0xa710187d, 0x6ee89c63, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x09cd2678, 0xf46e5918, 0x01ec9ab7, 0xa8834f9a, 0x65e6956e, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x0821bccf, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xd9bae79b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xd629b07c, 0xaf31a4b2, 0x312a3f23, 0x30c6a594, 0xc035a266, 0x37744ebc, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xb0e090d0, 0x1533a7d8, 0x4af10498, 0xf741ecda, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x4d43efb0, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xdfe49604, 0xe39ed1b5, 0x1b4c6a88, 0xb8c12c1f, 0x7f466551, 0x049d5eea, 0x5d018c35, 0x73fa8774, 0x2efb0b41, 0x5ab3671d, 0x5292dbd2, 0x33e91056, 0x136dd647, 0x8c9ad761, 0x7a37a10c, 0x8e59f814, 0x89eb133c, 0xeecea927, 0x35b761c9, 0xede11ce5, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x599cd2df, 0x3f55f273, 0x791814ce, 0xbf73c737, 0xea53f7cd, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x14df3d6f, 0x867844db, 0x81caaff3, 0x3eb968c4, 0x2c382434, 0x5fc2a340, 0x72161dc3, 0x0cbce225, 0x8b283c49, 0x41ff0d95, 0x7139a801, 0xde080cb3, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x906456c1, 0x617bcb84, 0x70d532b6, 0x74486c5c, 0x42d0b857];
-           var T7 = [0xa75051f4, 0x65537e41, 0xa4c31a17, 0x5e963a27, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x45f11f9d, 0x58abacfa, 0x03934be3, 0xfa552030, 0x6df6ad76, 0x769188cc, 0x4c25f502, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xcbd7c52a, 0x44802635, 0xa38fb562, 0x5a49deb1, 0x1b6725ba, 0x0e9845ea, 0xc0e15dfe, 0x7502c32f, 0xf012814c, 0x97a38d46, 0xf9c66bd3, 0x5fe7038f, 0x9c951592, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x832dd4be, 0x21d35874, 0x692949e0, 0xc8448ec9, 0x896a75c2, 0x7978f48e, 0x3e6b9958, 0x71dd27b9, 0x4fb6bee1, 0xad17f088, 0xac66c920, 0x3ab47dce, 0x4a1863df, 0x3182e51a, 0x33609751, 0x7f456253, 0x77e0b164, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa01cfe81, 0x2b94f908, 0x68587048, 0xfd198f45, 0x6c8794de, 0xf8b7527b, 0xd323ab73, 0x02e2724b, 0x8f57e31f, 0xab2a6655, 0x2807b2eb, 0xc2032fb5, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x08a5d337, 0x87f23028, 0xa5b223bf, 0x6aba0203, 0x825ced16, 0x1c2b8acf, 0xb492a779, 0xf2f0f307, 0xe2a14e69, 0xf4cd65da, 0xbed50605, 0x621fd134, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0x539d342e, 0x55a0a2f3, 0xe132058a, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xec390b83, 0xefaa4060, 0x9f065e71, 0x1051bd6e, 0x8af93e21, 0x063d96dd, 0x05aedd3e, 0xbd464de6, 0x8db59154, 0x5d0571c4, 0xd46f0406, 0x15ff6050, 0xfb241998, 0xe997d6bd, 0x43cc8940, 0x9e7767d9, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x8b880789, 0x5b38e719, 0xeedb79c8, 0x0a47a17c, 0x0fe97c42, 0x1ec9f884, 0x00000000, 0x86830980, 0xed48322b, 0x70ac1e11, 0x724e6c5a, 0xfffbfd0e, 0x38560f85, 0xd51e3dae, 0x3927362d, 0xd9640a0f, 0xa621685c, 0x54d19b5b, 0x2e3a2436, 0x67b10c0a, 0xe70f9357, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x919e1b9b, 0xc54f80c0, 0x20a261dc, 0x4b695a77, 0x1a161c12, 0xba0ae293, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xe0433c22, 0x171d121b, 0x0d0b0e09, 0xc7adf28b, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa9c8141e, 0x198557f1, 0x074caf75, 0xddbbee99, 0x60fda37f, 0x269ff701, 0xf5bc5c72, 0x3bc54466, 0x7e345bfb, 0x29768b43, 0xc6dccb23, 0xfc68b6ed, 0xf163b8e4, 0xdccad731, 0x85104263, 0x22401397, 0x112084c6, 0x247d854a, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x3211aef9, 0xa16dc729, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x52ec0d86, 0xe3d077c1, 0x166c2bb3, 0xb999a970, 0x48fa1194, 0x642247e9, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2cd8567d, 0x90ef2233, 0x4ec78749, 0xd1c1d938, 0xa2fe8cca, 0x0b3698d4, 0x81cfa6f5, 0xde28a57a, 0x8e26dab7, 0xbfa43fad, 0x9de42c3a, 0x920d5078, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0x4662547e, 0x13c2f68d, 0xb8e890d8, 0xf75e2e39, 0xaff582c3, 0x80be9f5d, 0x937c69d0, 0x2da96fd5, 0x12b3cf25, 0x993bc8ac, 0x7da71018, 0x636ee89c, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0x7809cd26, 0x18f46e59, 0xb701ec9a, 0x9aa8834f, 0x6e65e695, 0xe67eaaff, 0xcf0821bc, 0xe8e6ef15, 0x9bd9bae7, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x7cd629b0, 0xb2af31a4, 0x23312a3f, 0x9430c6a5, 0x66c035a2, 0xbc37744e, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xd0b0e090, 0xd81533a7, 0x984af104, 0xdaf741ec, 0x500e7fcd, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xb04d43ef, 0x4d54ccaa, 0x04dfe496, 0xb5e39ed1, 0x881b4c6a, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x517f4665, 0xea049d5e, 0x355d018c, 0x7473fa87, 0x412efb0b, 0x1d5ab367, 0xd25292db, 0x5633e910, 0x47136dd6, 0x618c9ad7, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x148e59f8, 0x3c89eb13, 0x27eecea9, 0xc935b761, 0xe5ede11c, 0xb13c7a47, 0xdf599cd2, 0x733f55f2, 0xce791814, 0x37bf73c7, 0xcdea53f7, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x6f14df3d, 0xdb867844, 0xf381caaf, 0xc43eb968, 0x342c3824, 0x405fc2a3, 0xc372161d, 0x250cbce2, 0x498b283c, 0x9541ff0d, 0x017139a8, 0xb3de080c, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xc1906456, 0x84617bcb, 0xb670d532, 0x5c74486c, 0x5742d0b8];
-           var T8 = [0xf4a75051, 0x4165537e, 0x17a4c31a, 0x275e963a, 0xab6bcb3b, 0x9d45f11f, 0xfa58abac, 0xe303934b, 0x30fa5520, 0x766df6ad, 0xcc769188, 0x024c25f5, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x35448026, 0x62a38fb5, 0xb15a49de, 0xba1b6725, 0xea0e9845, 0xfec0e15d, 0x2f7502c3, 0x4cf01281, 0x4697a38d, 0xd3f9c66b, 0x8f5fe703, 0x929c9515, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0xbe832dd4, 0x7421d358, 0xe0692949, 0xc9c8448e, 0xc2896a75, 0x8e7978f4, 0x583e6b99, 0xb971dd27, 0xe14fb6be, 0x88ad17f0, 0x20ac66c9, 0xce3ab47d, 0xdf4a1863, 0x1a3182e5, 0x51336097, 0x537f4562, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6bae84bb, 0x81a01cfe, 0x082b94f9, 0x48685870, 0x45fd198f, 0xde6c8794, 0x7bf8b752, 0x73d323ab, 0x4b02e272, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x55ab2a66, 0xeb2807b2, 0xb5c2032f, 0xc57b9a86, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2887f230, 0xbfa5b223, 0x036aba02, 0x16825ced, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0x79b492a7, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x69e2a14e, 0xdaf4cd65, 0x05bed506, 0x34621fd1, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0x2e539d34, 0xf355a0a2, 0x8ae13205, 0xf6eb75a4, 0x83ec390b, 0x60efaa40, 0x719f065e, 0x6e1051bd, 0x218af93e, 0xdd063d96, 0x3e05aedd, 0xe6bd464d, 0x548db591, 0xc45d0571, 0x06d46f04, 0x5015ff60, 0x98fb2419, 0xbde997d6, 0x4043cc89, 0xd99e7767, 0xe842bdb0, 0x898b8807, 0x195b38e7, 0xc8eedb79, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x420fe97c, 0x841ec9f8, 0x00000000, 0x80868309, 0x2bed4832, 0x1170ac1e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x0efffbfd, 0x8538560f, 0xaed51e3d, 0x2d392736, 0x0fd9640a, 0x5ca62168, 0x5b54d19b, 0x362e3a24, 0x0a67b10c, 0x57e70f93, 0xee96d2b4, 0x9b919e1b, 0xc0c54f80, 0xdc20a261, 0x774b695a, 0x121a161c, 0x93ba0ae2, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x22e0433c, 0x1b171d12, 0x090d0b0e, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb6a8b92d, 0x1ea9c814, 0xf1198557, 0x75074caf, 0x99ddbbee, 0x7f60fda3, 0x01269ff7, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x663bc544, 0xfb7e345b, 0x4329768b, 0x23c6dccb, 0xedfc68b6, 0xe4f163b8, 0x31dccad7, 0x63851042, 0x97224013, 0xc6112084, 0x4a247d85, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xf93211ae, 0x29a16dc7, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xb230f3dc, 0x8652ec0d, 0xc1e3d077, 0xb3166c2b, 0x70b999a9, 0x9448fa11, 0xe9642247, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf03f1aa0, 0x7d2cd856, 0x3390ef22, 0x494ec787, 0x38d1c1d9, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xd40b3698, 0xf581cfa6, 0x7ade28a5, 0xb78e26da, 0xadbfa43f, 0x3a9de42c, 0x78920d50, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x7e466254, 0x8d13c2f6, 0xd8b8e890, 0x39f75e2e, 0xc3aff582, 0x5d80be9f, 0xd0937c69, 0xd52da96f, 0x2512b3cf, 0xac993bc8, 0x187da710, 0x9c636ee8, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x267809cd, 0x5918f46e, 0x9ab701ec, 0x4f9aa883, 0x956e65e6, 0xffe67eaa, 0xbccf0821, 0x15e8e6ef, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x9f09d4ea, 0xb07cd629, 0xa4b2af31, 0x3f23312a, 0xa59430c6, 0xa266c035, 0x4ebc3774, 0x82caa6fc, 0x90d0b0e0, 0xa7d81533, 0x04984af1, 0xecdaf741, 0xcd500e7f, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0xefb04d43, 0xaa4d54cc, 0x9604dfe4, 0xd1b5e39e, 0x6a881b4c, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x65517f46, 0x5eea049d, 0x8c355d01, 0x877473fa, 0x0b412efb, 0x671d5ab3, 0xdbd25292, 0x105633e9, 0xd647136d, 0xd7618c9a, 0xa10c7a37, 0xf8148e59, 0x133c89eb, 0xa927eece, 0x61c935b7, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x47b13c7a, 0xd2df599c, 0xf2733f55, 0x14ce7918, 0xc737bf73, 0xf7cdea53, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0x3d6f14df, 0x44db8678, 0xaff381ca, 0x68c43eb9, 0x24342c38, 0xa3405fc2, 0x1dc37216, 0xe2250cbc, 0x3c498b28, 0x0d9541ff, 0xa8017139, 0x0cb3de08, 0xb4e49cd8, 0x56c19064, 0xcb84617b, 0x32b670d5, 0x6c5c7448, 0xb85742d0]; // Transformations for decryption key expansion
+               if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
+                 minEnlargement = enlargement;
+                 minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+                 targetNode = child;
+               } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
+                 // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
+                 if (area < minArea) {
+                   minArea = area;
+                   targetNode = child;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           var U1 = [0x00000000, 0x0e090d0b, 0x1c121a16, 0x121b171d, 0x3824342c, 0x362d3927, 0x24362e3a, 0x2a3f2331, 0x70486858, 0x7e416553, 0x6c5a724e, 0x62537f45, 0x486c5c74, 0x4665517f, 0x547e4662, 0x5a774b69, 0xe090d0b0, 0xee99ddbb, 0xfc82caa6, 0xf28bc7ad, 0xd8b4e49c, 0xd6bde997, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0xcaaff381, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x82c3aff5, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa6f581cf, 0xb4ee96d2, 0xbae79bd9, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xd532b670, 0xc729a16d, 0xc920ac66, 0xe31f8f57, 0xed16825c, 0xff0d9541, 0xf104984a, 0xab73d323, 0xa57ade28, 0xb761c935, 0xb968c43e, 0x9357e70f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x8f45fd19, 0x814cf012, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x35a266c0, 0x27b971dd, 0x29b07cd6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x0d8652ec, 0x1f9d45f1, 0x119448fa, 0x4be30393, 0x45ea0e98, 0x57f11985, 0x59f8148e, 0x73c737bf, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x6fd52da9, 0x61dc20a2, 0xad766df6, 0xa37f60fd, 0xb16477e0, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x894043cc, 0x87494ec7, 0xdd3e05ae, 0xd33708a5, 0xc12c1fb8, 0xcf2512b3, 0xe51a3182, 0xeb133c89, 0xf9082b94, 0xf701269f, 0x4de6bd46, 0x43efb04d, 0x51f4a750, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0x75c2896a, 0x7bcb8461, 0x69d0937c, 0x67d99e77, 0x3daed51e, 0x33a7d815, 0x21bccf08, 0x2fb5c203, 0x058ae132, 0x0b83ec39, 0x1998fb24, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x7844db86, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x6456c190, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x4060efaa, 0x527bf8b7, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x0605bed5, 0x080cb3de, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x141ea9c8, 0x3e218af9, 0x302887f2, 0x223390ef, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x96dd063d, 0x98d40b36, 0x8acf1c2b, 0x84c61120, 0xaef93211, 0xa0f03f1a, 0xb2eb2807, 0xbce2250c, 0xe6956e65, 0xe89c636e, 0xfa877473, 0xf48e7978, 0xdeb15a49, 0xd0b85742, 0xc2a3405f, 0xccaa4d54, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0x5dfec0e1, 0x53f7cdea, 0x79c8eedb, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x65daf4cd, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x09808683, 0x07898b88, 0x15929c95, 0x1b9b919e, 0xa17c0a47, 0xaf75074c, 0xbd6e1051, 0xb3671d5a, 0x99583e6b, 0x97513360, 0x854a247d, 0x8b432976, 0xd134621f, 0xdf3d6f14, 0xcd267809, 0xc32f7502, 0xe9105633, 0xe7195b38, 0xf5024c25, 0xfb0b412e, 0x9ad7618c, 0x94de6c87, 0x86c57b9a, 0x88cc7691, 0xa2f355a0, 0xacfa58ab, 0xbee14fb6, 0xb0e842bd, 0xea9f09d4, 0xe49604df, 0xf68d13c2, 0xf8841ec9, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xdcb230f3, 0xcea927ee, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x7a47b13c, 0x744ebc37, 0x6655ab2a, 0x685ca621, 0x42638510, 0x4c6a881b, 0x5e719f06, 0x5078920d, 0x0a0fd964, 0x0406d46f, 0x161dc372, 0x1814ce79, 0x322bed48, 0x3c22e043, 0x2e39f75e, 0x2030fa55, 0xec9ab701, 0xe293ba0a, 0xf088ad17, 0xfe81a01c, 0xd4be832d, 0xdab78e26, 0xc8ac993b, 0xc6a59430, 0x9cd2df59, 0x92dbd252, 0x80c0c54f, 0x8ec9c844, 0xa4f6eb75, 0xaaffe67e, 0xb8e4f163, 0xb6edfc68, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x02036aba, 0x10187da7, 0x1e1170ac, 0x342e539d, 0x3a275e96, 0x283c498b, 0x26354480, 0x7c420fe9, 0x724b02e2, 0x605015ff, 0x6e5918f4, 0x44663bc5, 0x4a6f36ce, 0x587421d3, 0x567d2cd8, 0x37a10c7a, 0x39a80171, 0x2bb3166c, 0x25ba1b67, 0x0f853856, 0x018c355d, 0x13972240, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0x47e96422, 0x49e06929, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x55f2733f, 0x7fcd500e, 0x71c45d05, 0x63df4a18, 0x6dd64713, 0xd731dcca, 0xd938d1c1, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xc52acbd7, 0xef15e8e6, 0xe11ce5ed, 0xf307f2f0, 0xfd0efffb, 0xa779b492, 0xa970b999, 0xbb6bae84, 0xb562a38f, 0x9f5d80be, 0x91548db5, 0x834f9aa8, 0x8d4697a3];
-           var U2 = [0x00000000, 0x0b0e090d, 0x161c121a, 0x1d121b17, 0x2c382434, 0x27362d39, 0x3a24362e, 0x312a3f23, 0x58704868, 0x537e4165, 0x4e6c5a72, 0x4562537f, 0x74486c5c, 0x7f466551, 0x62547e46, 0x695a774b, 0xb0e090d0, 0xbbee99dd, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xadf28bc7, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x97d6bde9, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x81caaff3, 0xe890d8b8, 0xe39ed1b5, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0xf582c3af, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0xcfa6f581, 0xd2b4ee96, 0xd9bae79b, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x70d532b6, 0x6dc729a1, 0x66c920ac, 0x57e31f8f, 0x5ced1682, 0x41ff0d95, 0x4af10498, 0x23ab73d3, 0x28a57ade, 0x35b761c9, 0x3eb968c4, 0x0f9357e7, 0x049d5eea, 0x198f45fd, 0x12814cf0, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xc035a266, 0xdd27b971, 0xd629b07c, 0xe7038f5f, 0xec0d8652, 0xf11f9d45, 0xfa119448, 0x934be303, 0x9845ea0e, 0x8557f119, 0x8e59f814, 0xbf73c737, 0xb47dce3a, 0xa96fd52d, 0xa261dc20, 0xf6ad766d, 0xfda37f60, 0xe0b16477, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0xd19b5b54, 0xcc894043, 0xc787494e, 0xaedd3e05, 0xa5d33708, 0xb8c12c1f, 0xb3cf2512, 0x82e51a31, 0x89eb133c, 0x94f9082b, 0x9ff70126, 0x464de6bd, 0x4d43efb0, 0x5051f4a7, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x6a75c289, 0x617bcb84, 0x7c69d093, 0x7767d99e, 0x1e3daed5, 0x1533a7d8, 0x0821bccf, 0x032fb5c2, 0x32058ae1, 0x390b83ec, 0x241998fb, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x867844db, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x906456c1, 0xa14e69e2, 0xaa4060ef, 0xb7527bf8, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xd50605be, 0xde080cb3, 0xc31a17a4, 0xc8141ea9, 0xf93e218a, 0xf2302887, 0xef223390, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x3d96dd06, 0x3698d40b, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x2084c611, 0x11aef932, 0x1aa0f03f, 0x07b2eb28, 0x0cbce225, 0x65e6956e, 0x6ee89c63, 0x73fa8774, 0x78f48e79, 0x49deb15a, 0x42d0b857, 0x5fc2a340, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xf741ecda, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xe15dfec0, 0xea53f7cd, 0xdb79c8ee, 0xd077c1e3, 0xcd65daf4, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xaf31a4b2, 0xa43fadbf, 0xb92db6a8, 0xb223bfa5, 0x83098086, 0x8807898b, 0x9515929c, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x47a17c0a, 0x4caf7507, 0x51bd6e10, 0x5ab3671d, 0x6b99583e, 0x60975133, 0x7d854a24, 0x768b4329, 0x1fd13462, 0x14df3d6f, 0x09cd2678, 0x02c32f75, 0x33e91056, 0x38e7195b, 0x25f5024c, 0x2efb0b41, 0x8c9ad761, 0x8794de6c, 0x9a86c57b, 0x9188cc76, 0xa0a2f355, 0xabacfa58, 0xb6bee14f, 0xbdb0e842, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xdfe49604, 0xc2f68d13, 0xc9f8841e, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0xf3dcb230, 0xeecea927, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x37744ebc, 0x2a6655ab, 0x21685ca6, 0x10426385, 0x1b4c6a88, 0x065e719f, 0x0d507892, 0x640a0fd9, 0x6f0406d4, 0x72161dc3, 0x791814ce, 0x48322bed, 0x433c22e0, 0x5e2e39f7, 0x552030fa, 0x01ec9ab7, 0x0ae293ba, 0x17f088ad, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x2dd4be83, 0x26dab78e, 0x3bc8ac99, 0x30c6a594, 0x599cd2df, 0x5292dbd2, 0x4f80c0c5, 0x448ec9c8, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x63b8e4f1, 0x68b6edfc, 0xb10c0a67, 0xba02036a, 0xa710187d, 0xac1e1170, 0x9d342e53, 0x963a275e, 0x8b283c49, 0x80263544, 0xe97c420f, 0xe2724b02, 0xff605015, 0xf46e5918, 0xc544663b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd3587421, 0xd8567d2c, 0x7a37a10c, 0x7139a801, 0x6c2bb316, 0x6725ba1b, 0x560f8538, 0x5d018c35, 0x40139722, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0x2247e964, 0x2949e069, 0x345bfb7e, 0x3f55f273, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x0571c45d, 0x1863df4a, 0x136dd647, 0xcad731dc, 0xc1d938d1, 0xdccb23c6, 0xd7c52acb, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xede11ce5, 0xf0f307f2, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x92a779b4, 0x99a970b9, 0x84bb6bae, 0x8fb562a3, 0xbe9f5d80, 0xb591548d, 0xa8834f9a, 0xa38d4697];
-           var U3 = [0x00000000, 0x0d0b0e09, 0x1a161c12, 0x171d121b, 0x342c3824, 0x3927362d, 0x2e3a2436, 0x23312a3f, 0x68587048, 0x65537e41, 0x724e6c5a, 0x7f456253, 0x5c74486c, 0x517f4665, 0x4662547e, 0x4b695a77, 0xd0b0e090, 0xddbbee99, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xc7adf28b, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xe997d6bd, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0xf381caaf, 0xb8e890d8, 0xb5e39ed1, 0xa2fe8cca, 0xaff582c3, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x81cfa6f5, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x9bd9bae7, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0xb670d532, 0xa16dc729, 0xac66c920, 0x8f57e31f, 0x825ced16, 0x9541ff0d, 0x984af104, 0xd323ab73, 0xde28a57a, 0xc935b761, 0xc43eb968, 0xe70f9357, 0xea049d5e, 0xfd198f45, 0xf012814c, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x66c035a2, 0x71dd27b9, 0x7cd629b0, 0x5fe7038f, 0x52ec0d86, 0x45f11f9d, 0x48fa1194, 0x03934be3, 0x0e9845ea, 0x198557f1, 0x148e59f8, 0x37bf73c7, 0x3ab47dce, 0x2da96fd5, 0x20a261dc, 0x6df6ad76, 0x60fda37f, 0x77e0b164, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x54d19b5b, 0x43cc8940, 0x4ec78749, 0x05aedd3e, 0x08a5d337, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x12b3cf25, 0x3182e51a, 0x3c89eb13, 0x2b94f908, 0x269ff701, 0xbd464de6, 0xb04d43ef, 0xa75051f4, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x896a75c2, 0x84617bcb, 0x937c69d0, 0x9e7767d9, 0xd51e3dae, 0xd81533a7, 0xcf0821bc, 0xc2032fb5, 0xe132058a, 0xec390b83, 0xfb241998, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xdb867844, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0xc1906456, 0xe2a14e69, 0xefaa4060, 0xf8b7527b, 0xf5bc5c72, 0xbed50605, 0xb3de080c, 0xa4c31a17, 0xa9c8141e, 0x8af93e21, 0x87f23028, 0x90ef2233, 0x9de42c3a, 0x063d96dd, 0x0b3698d4, 0x1c2b8acf, 0x112084c6, 0x3211aef9, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2807b2eb, 0x250cbce2, 0x6e65e695, 0x636ee89c, 0x7473fa87, 0x7978f48e, 0x5a49deb1, 0x5742d0b8, 0x405fc2a3, 0x4d54ccaa, 0xdaf741ec, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xc0e15dfe, 0xcdea53f7, 0xeedb79c8, 0xe3d077c1, 0xf4cd65da, 0xf9c66bd3, 0xb2af31a4, 0xbfa43fad, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa5b223bf, 0x86830980, 0x8b880789, 0x9c951592, 0x919e1b9b, 0x0a47a17c, 0x074caf75, 0x1051bd6e, 0x1d5ab367, 0x3e6b9958, 0x33609751, 0x247d854a, 0x29768b43, 0x621fd134, 0x6f14df3d, 0x7809cd26, 0x7502c32f, 0x5633e910, 0x5b38e719, 0x4c25f502, 0x412efb0b, 0x618c9ad7, 0x6c8794de, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x769188cc, 0x55a0a2f3, 0x58abacfa, 0x4fb6bee1, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x04dfe496, 0x13c2f68d, 0x1ec9f884, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x27eecea9, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xb13c7a47, 0xbc37744e, 0xab2a6655, 0xa621685c, 0x85104263, 0x881b4c6a, 0x9f065e71, 0x920d5078, 0xd9640a0f, 0xd46f0406, 0xc372161d, 0xce791814, 0xed48322b, 0xe0433c22, 0xf75e2e39, 0xfa552030, 0xb701ec9a, 0xba0ae293, 0xad17f088, 0xa01cfe81, 0x832dd4be, 0x8e26dab7, 0x993bc8ac, 0x9430c6a5, 0xdf599cd2, 0xd25292db, 0xc54f80c0, 0xc8448ec9, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xe67eaaff, 0xf163b8e4, 0xfc68b6ed, 0x67b10c0a, 0x6aba0203, 0x7da71018, 0x70ac1e11, 0x539d342e, 0x5e963a27, 0x498b283c, 0x44802635, 0x0fe97c42, 0x02e2724b, 0x15ff6050, 0x18f46e59, 0x3bc54466, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x21d35874, 0x2cd8567d, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x017139a8, 0x166c2bb3, 0x1b6725ba, 0x38560f85, 0x355d018c, 0x22401397, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x642247e9, 0x692949e0, 0x7e345bfb, 0x733f55f2, 0x500e7fcd, 0x5d0571c4, 0x4a1863df, 0x47136dd6, 0xdccad731, 0xd1c1d938, 0xc6dccb23, 0xcbd7c52a, 0xe8e6ef15, 0xe5ede11c, 0xf2f0f307, 0xfffbfd0e, 0xb492a779, 0xb999a970, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa38fb562, 0x80be9f5d, 0x8db59154, 0x9aa8834f, 0x97a38d46];
-           var U4 = [0x00000000, 0x090d0b0e, 0x121a161c, 0x1b171d12, 0x24342c38, 0x2d392736, 0x362e3a24, 0x3f23312a, 0x48685870, 0x4165537e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x537f4562, 0x6c5c7448, 0x65517f46, 0x7e466254, 0x774b695a, 0x90d0b0e0, 0x99ddbbee, 0x82caa6fc, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb4e49cd8, 0xbde997d6, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0xaff381ca, 0xd8b8e890, 0xd1b5e39e, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xc3aff582, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf581cfa6, 0xee96d2b4, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x32b670d5, 0x29a16dc7, 0x20ac66c9, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x16825ced, 0x0d9541ff, 0x04984af1, 0x73d323ab, 0x7ade28a5, 0x61c935b7, 0x68c43eb9, 0x57e70f93, 0x5eea049d, 0x45fd198f, 0x4cf01281, 0xab6bcb3b, 0xa266c035, 0xb971dd27, 0xb07cd629, 0x8f5fe703, 0x8652ec0d, 0x9d45f11f, 0x9448fa11, 0xe303934b, 0xea0e9845, 0xf1198557, 0xf8148e59, 0xc737bf73, 0xce3ab47d, 0xd52da96f, 0xdc20a261, 0x766df6ad, 0x7f60fda3, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0x5b54d19b, 0x4043cc89, 0x494ec787, 0x3e05aedd, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x2512b3cf, 0x1a3182e5, 0x133c89eb, 0x082b94f9, 0x01269ff7, 0xe6bd464d, 0xefb04d43, 0xf4a75051, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0xc2896a75, 0xcb84617b, 0xd0937c69, 0xd99e7767, 0xaed51e3d, 0xa7d81533, 0xbccf0821, 0xb5c2032f, 0x8ae13205, 0x83ec390b, 0x98fb2419, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0x44db8678, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x56c19064, 0x69e2a14e, 0x60efaa40, 0x7bf8b752, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x05bed506, 0x0cb3de08, 0x17a4c31a, 0x1ea9c814, 0x218af93e, 0x2887f230, 0x3390ef22, 0x3a9de42c, 0xdd063d96, 0xd40b3698, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0xc6112084, 0xf93211ae, 0xf03f1aa0, 0xeb2807b2, 0xe2250cbc, 0x956e65e6, 0x9c636ee8, 0x877473fa, 0x8e7978f4, 0xb15a49de, 0xb85742d0, 0xa3405fc2, 0xaa4d54cc, 0xecdaf741, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0xfec0e15d, 0xf7cdea53, 0xc8eedb79, 0xc1e3d077, 0xdaf4cd65, 0xd3f9c66b, 0xa4b2af31, 0xadbfa43f, 0xb6a8b92d, 0xbfa5b223, 0x80868309, 0x898b8807, 0x929c9515, 0x9b919e1b, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x75074caf, 0x6e1051bd, 0x671d5ab3, 0x583e6b99, 0x51336097, 0x4a247d85, 0x4329768b, 0x34621fd1, 0x3d6f14df, 0x267809cd, 0x2f7502c3, 0x105633e9, 0x195b38e7, 0x024c25f5, 0x0b412efb, 0xd7618c9a, 0xde6c8794, 0xc57b9a86, 0xcc769188, 0xf355a0a2, 0xfa58abac, 0xe14fb6be, 0xe842bdb0, 0x9f09d4ea, 0x9604dfe4, 0x8d13c2f6, 0x841ec9f8, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xb230f3dc, 0xa927eece, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x47b13c7a, 0x4ebc3774, 0x55ab2a66, 0x5ca62168, 0x63851042, 0x6a881b4c, 0x719f065e, 0x78920d50, 0x0fd9640a, 0x06d46f04, 0x1dc37216, 0x14ce7918, 0x2bed4832, 0x22e0433c, 0x39f75e2e, 0x30fa5520, 0x9ab701ec, 0x93ba0ae2, 0x88ad17f0, 0x81a01cfe, 0xbe832dd4, 0xb78e26da, 0xac993bc8, 0xa59430c6, 0xd2df599c, 0xdbd25292, 0xc0c54f80, 0xc9c8448e, 0xf6eb75a4, 0xffe67eaa, 0xe4f163b8, 0xedfc68b6, 0x0a67b10c, 0x036aba02, 0x187da710, 0x1170ac1e, 0x2e539d34, 0x275e963a, 0x3c498b28, 0x35448026, 0x420fe97c, 0x4b02e272, 0x5015ff60, 0x5918f46e, 0x663bc544, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x7421d358, 0x7d2cd856, 0xa10c7a37, 0xa8017139, 0xb3166c2b, 0xba1b6725, 0x8538560f, 0x8c355d01, 0x97224013, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xe9642247, 0xe0692949, 0xfb7e345b, 0xf2733f55, 0xcd500e7f, 0xc45d0571, 0xdf4a1863, 0xd647136d, 0x31dccad7, 0x38d1c1d9, 0x23c6dccb, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x15e8e6ef, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x0efffbfd, 0x79b492a7, 0x70b999a9, 0x6bae84bb, 0x62a38fb5, 0x5d80be9f, 0x548db591, 0x4f9aa883, 0x4697a38d];
+             node = targetNode || node.children[0];
+           }
 
-           function convertToInt32(bytes) {
-             var result = [];
+           return node;
+         },
+         _insert: function _insert(item, level, isNode) {
+           var toBBox = this.toBBox,
+               bbox = isNode ? item : toBBox(item),
+               insertPath = []; // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 4) {
-               result.push(bytes[i] << 24 | bytes[i + 1] << 16 | bytes[i + 2] << 8 | bytes[i + 3]);
-             }
+           var node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath); // put the item into the node
 
-             return result;
-           }
 
-           var AES = function AES(key) {
-             if (!(this instanceof AES)) {
-               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-             }
+           node.children.push(item);
+           extend$2(node, bbox); // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
 
-             Object.defineProperty(this, 'key', {
-               value: coerceArray(key, true)
-             });
+           while (level >= 0) {
+             if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
+               this._split(insertPath, level);
 
-             this._prepare();
-           };
+               level--;
+             } else break;
+           } // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
 
-           AES.prototype._prepare = function () {
-             var rounds = numberOfRounds[this.key.length];
 
-             if (rounds == null) {
-               throw new Error('invalid key size (must be 16, 24 or 32 bytes)');
-             } // encryption round keys
+           this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
+         },
+         // split overflowed node into two
+         _split: function _split(insertPath, level) {
+           var node = insertPath[level],
+               M = node.children.length,
+               m = this._minEntries;
 
+           this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);
 
-             this._Ke = []; // decryption round keys
+           var splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);
 
-             this._Kd = [];
+           var newNode = createNode$1(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
+           newNode.height = node.height;
+           newNode.leaf = node.leaf;
+           calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
+           calcBBox$1(newNode, this.toBBox);
+           if (level) insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode);else this._splitRoot(node, newNode);
+         },
+         _splitRoot: function _splitRoot(node, newNode) {
+           // split root node
+           this.data = createNode$1([node, newNode]);
+           this.data.height = node.height + 1;
+           this.data.leaf = false;
+           calcBBox$1(this.data, this.toBBox);
+         },
+         _chooseSplitIndex: function _chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M) {
+           var i, bbox1, bbox2, overlap, area, minOverlap, minArea, index;
+           minOverlap = minArea = Infinity;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i <= rounds; i++) {
-               this._Ke.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
+           for (i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
+             bbox1 = distBBox$1(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
+             bbox2 = distBBox$1(node, i, M, this.toBBox);
+             overlap = intersectionArea$1(bbox1, bbox2);
+             area = bboxArea$1(bbox1) + bboxArea$1(bbox2); // choose distribution with minimum overlap
 
-               this._Kd.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
+             if (overlap < minOverlap) {
+               minOverlap = overlap;
+               index = i;
+               minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+             } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
+               // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
+               if (area < minArea) {
+                 minArea = area;
+                 index = i;
+               }
              }
+           }
 
-             var roundKeyCount = (rounds + 1) * 4;
-             var KC = this.key.length / 4; // convert the key into ints
+           return index;
+         },
+         // sorts node children by the best axis for split
+         _chooseSplitAxis: function _chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M) {
+           var compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX$1,
+               compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY$1,
+               xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX),
+               yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY); // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
+           // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
 
-             var tk = convertToInt32(this.key); // copy values into round key arrays
 
-             var index;
+           if (xMargin < yMargin) node.children.sort(compareMinX);
+         },
+         // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
+         _allDistMargin: function _allDistMargin(node, m, M, compare) {
+           node.children.sort(compare);
+           var toBBox = this.toBBox,
+               leftBBox = distBBox$1(node, 0, m, toBBox),
+               rightBBox = distBBox$1(node, M - m, M, toBBox),
+               margin = bboxMargin$1(leftBBox) + bboxMargin$1(rightBBox),
+               i,
+               child;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < KC; i++) {
-               index = i >> 2;
-               this._Ke[index][i % 4] = tk[i];
-               this._Kd[rounds - index][i % 4] = tk[i];
-             } // key expansion (fips-197 section 5.2)
+           for (i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
+             child = node.children[i];
+             extend$2(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+             margin += bboxMargin$1(leftBBox);
+           }
 
+           for (i = M - m - 1; i >= m; i--) {
+             child = node.children[i];
+             extend$2(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+             margin += bboxMargin$1(rightBBox);
+           }
 
-             var rconpointer = 0;
-             var t = KC,
-                 tt;
+           return margin;
+         },
+         _adjustParentBBoxes: function _adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, path, level) {
+           // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
+           for (var i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
+             extend$2(path[i], bbox);
+           }
+         },
+         _condense: function _condense(path) {
+           // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
+           for (var i = path.length - 1, siblings; i >= 0; i--) {
+             if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
+               if (i > 0) {
+                 siblings = path[i - 1].children;
+                 siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);
+               } else this.clear();
+             } else calcBBox$1(path[i], this.toBBox);
+           }
+         },
+         _initFormat: function _initFormat(format) {
+           // data format (minX, minY, maxX, maxY accessors)
+           // uses eval-type function compilation instead of just accepting a toBBox function
+           // because the algorithms are very sensitive to sorting functions performance,
+           // so they should be dead simple and without inner calls
+           var compareArr = ['return a', ' - b', ';'];
+           this.compareMinX = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[0]));
+           this.compareMinY = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[1]));
+           this.toBBox = new Function('a', 'return {minX: a' + format[0] + ', minY: a' + format[1] + ', maxX: a' + format[2] + ', maxY: a' + format[3] + '};');
+         }
+       };
 
-             while (t < roundKeyCount) {
-               tt = tk[KC - 1];
-               tk[0] ^= S[tt >> 16 & 0xFF] << 24 ^ S[tt >> 8 & 0xFF] << 16 ^ S[tt & 0xFF] << 8 ^ S[tt >> 24 & 0xFF] ^ rcon[rconpointer] << 24;
-               rconpointer += 1; // key expansion (for non-256 bit)
+       function findItem$1(item, items, equalsFn) {
+         if (!equalsFn) return items.indexOf(item);
 
-               if (KC != 8) {
-                 for (var i = 1; i < KC; i++) {
-                   tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
-                 } // key expansion for 256-bit keys is "slightly different" (fips-197)
+         for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
+           if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) return i;
+         }
 
-               } else {
-                 for (var i = 1; i < KC / 2; i++) {
-                   tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
-                 }
+         return -1;
+       } // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
 
-                 tt = tk[KC / 2 - 1];
-                 tk[KC / 2] ^= S[tt & 0xFF] ^ S[tt >> 8 & 0xFF] << 8 ^ S[tt >> 16 & 0xFF] << 16 ^ S[tt >> 24 & 0xFF] << 24;
 
-                 for (var i = KC / 2 + 1; i < KC; i++) {
-                   tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
-                 }
-               } // copy values into round key arrays
+       function calcBBox$1(node, toBBox) {
+         distBBox$1(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
+       } // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
 
 
-               var i = 0,
-                   r,
-                   c;
+       function distBBox$1(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
+         if (!destNode) destNode = createNode$1(null);
+         destNode.minX = Infinity;
+         destNode.minY = Infinity;
+         destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
+         destNode.maxY = -Infinity;
 
-               while (i < KC && t < roundKeyCount) {
-                 r = t >> 2;
-                 c = t % 4;
-                 this._Ke[r][c] = tk[i];
-                 this._Kd[rounds - r][c] = tk[i++];
-                 t++;
-               }
-             } // inverse-cipher-ify the decryption round key (fips-197 section 5.3)
+         for (var i = k, child; i < p; i++) {
+           child = node.children[i];
+           extend$2(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+         }
 
+         return destNode;
+       }
 
-             for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
-               for (var c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
-                 tt = this._Kd[r][c];
-                 this._Kd[r][c] = U1[tt >> 24 & 0xFF] ^ U2[tt >> 16 & 0xFF] ^ U3[tt >> 8 & 0xFF] ^ U4[tt & 0xFF];
-               }
-             }
-           };
+       function extend$2(a, b) {
+         a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
+         a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
+         a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
+         a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+         return a;
+       }
 
-           AES.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
-             if (plaintext.length != 16) {
-               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be 16 bytes)');
-             }
+       function compareNodeMinX$1(a, b) {
+         return a.minX - b.minX;
+       }
 
-             var rounds = this._Ke.length - 1;
-             var a = [0, 0, 0, 0]; // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
+       function compareNodeMinY$1(a, b) {
+         return a.minY - b.minY;
+       }
 
-             var t = convertToInt32(plaintext);
+       function bboxArea$1(a) {
+         return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY);
+       }
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-               t[i] ^= this._Ke[0][i];
-             } // apply round transforms
+       function bboxMargin$1(a) {
+         return a.maxX - a.minX + (a.maxY - a.minY);
+       }
 
+       function enlargedArea$1(a, b) {
+         return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) * (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
+       }
 
-             for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                 a[i] = T1[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ T2[t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ T3[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ T4[t[(i + 3) % 4] & 0xff] ^ this._Ke[r][i];
-               }
+       function intersectionArea$1(a, b) {
+         var minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX),
+             minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY),
+             maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX),
+             maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+         return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) * Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
+       }
 
-               t = a.slice();
-             } // the last round is special
+       function contains$1(a, b) {
+         return a.minX <= b.minX && a.minY <= b.minY && b.maxX <= a.maxX && b.maxY <= a.maxY;
+       }
 
+       function intersects$1(a, b) {
+         return b.minX <= a.maxX && b.minY <= a.maxY && b.maxX >= a.minX && b.maxY >= a.minY;
+       }
 
-             var result = createArray(16),
-                 tt;
+       function createNode$1(children) {
+         return {
+           children: children,
+           height: 1,
+           leaf: true,
+           minX: Infinity,
+           minY: Infinity,
+           maxX: -Infinity,
+           maxY: -Infinity
+         };
+       } // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
+       // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-               tt = this._Ke[rounds][i];
-               result[4 * i] = (S[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 24) & 0xff;
-               result[4 * i + 1] = (S[t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 16) & 0xff;
-               result[4 * i + 2] = (S[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 8) & 0xff;
-               result[4 * i + 3] = (S[t[(i + 3) % 4] & 0xff] ^ tt) & 0xff;
-             }
 
-             return result;
-           };
+       function multiSelect$1(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
+         var stack = [left, right],
+             mid;
 
-           AES.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
-             if (ciphertext.length != 16) {
-               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be 16 bytes)');
-             }
+         while (stack.length) {
+           right = stack.pop();
+           left = stack.pop();
+           if (right - left <= n) continue;
+           mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
+           quickselect$1(arr, mid, left, right, compare);
+           stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
+         }
+       }
 
-             var rounds = this._Kd.length - 1;
-             var a = [0, 0, 0, 0]; // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
+       var lineclip_1 = lineclip$2;
+       lineclip$2.polyline = lineclip$2;
+       lineclip$2.polygon = polygonclip$1; // Cohen-Sutherland line clippign algorithm, adapted to efficiently
+       // handle polylines rather than just segments
 
-             var t = convertToInt32(ciphertext);
+       function lineclip$2(points, bbox, result) {
+         var len = points.length,
+             codeA = bitCode$1(points[0], bbox),
+             part = [],
+             i,
+             a,
+             b,
+             codeB,
+             lastCode;
+         if (!result) result = [];
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-               t[i] ^= this._Kd[0][i];
-             } // apply round transforms
+         for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
+           a = points[i - 1];
+           b = points[i];
+           codeB = lastCode = bitCode$1(b, bbox);
 
+           while (true) {
+             if (!(codeA | codeB)) {
+               // accept
+               part.push(a);
 
-             for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                 a[i] = T5[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ T6[t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ T7[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ T8[t[(i + 1) % 4] & 0xff] ^ this._Kd[r][i];
+               if (codeB !== lastCode) {
+                 // segment went outside
+                 part.push(b);
+
+                 if (i < len - 1) {
+                   // start a new line
+                   result.push(part);
+                   part = [];
+                 }
+               } else if (i === len - 1) {
+                 part.push(b);
                }
 
-               t = a.slice();
-             } // the last round is special
+               break;
+             } else if (codeA & codeB) {
+               // trivial reject
+               break;
+             } else if (codeA) {
+               // a outside, intersect with clip edge
+               a = intersect$1(a, b, codeA, bbox);
+               codeA = bitCode$1(a, bbox);
+             } else {
+               // b outside
+               b = intersect$1(a, b, codeB, bbox);
+               codeB = bitCode$1(b, bbox);
+             }
+           }
 
+           codeA = lastCode;
+         }
 
-             var result = createArray(16),
-                 tt;
+         if (part.length) result.push(part);
+         return result;
+       } // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-               tt = this._Kd[rounds][i];
-               result[4 * i] = (Si[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 24) & 0xff;
-               result[4 * i + 1] = (Si[t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 16) & 0xff;
-               result[4 * i + 2] = (Si[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 8) & 0xff;
-               result[4 * i + 3] = (Si[t[(i + 1) % 4] & 0xff] ^ tt) & 0xff;
-             }
 
-             return result;
-           };
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Electonic Codebook (ECB)
-            */
+       function polygonclip$1(points, bbox) {
+         var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside; // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
 
+         for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
+           result = [];
+           prev = points[points.length - 1];
+           prevInside = !(bitCode$1(prev, bbox) & edge);
 
-           var ModeOfOperationECB = function ModeOfOperationECB(key) {
-             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationECB)) {
-               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-             }
+           for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+             p = points[i];
+             inside = !(bitCode$1(p, bbox) & edge); // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
 
-             this.description = "Electronic Code Block";
-             this.name = "ecb";
-             this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
+             if (inside !== prevInside) result.push(intersect$1(prev, p, edge, bbox));
+             if (inside) result.push(p); // add a point if it's inside
 
-           ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
-             plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);
+             prev = p;
+             prevInside = inside;
+           }
 
-             if (plaintext.length % 16 !== 0) {
-               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
-             }
+           points = result;
+           if (!points.length) break;
+         }
 
-             var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
-             var block = createArray(16);
+         return result;
+       } // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
-               copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
-               block = this._aes.encrypt(block);
-               copyArray(block, ciphertext, i);
-             }
 
-             return ciphertext;
-           };
+       function intersect$1(a, b, edge, bbox) {
+         return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] : // top
+         edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] : // bottom
+         edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // right
+         edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // left
+         null;
+       } // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:
+       //         left  mid  right
+       //    top  1001  1000  1010
+       //    mid  0001  0000  0010
+       // bottom  0101  0100  0110
 
-           ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
-             ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);
 
-             if (ciphertext.length % 16 !== 0) {
-               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
-             }
+       function bitCode$1(p, bbox) {
+         var code = 0;
+         if (p[0] < bbox[0]) code |= 1; // left
+         else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) code |= 2; // right
 
-             var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
-             var block = createArray(16);
+         if (p[1] < bbox[1]) code |= 4; // bottom
+         else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) code |= 8; // top
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
-               copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
-               block = this._aes.decrypt(block);
-               copyArray(block, plaintext, i);
-             }
+         return code;
+       }
 
-             return plaintext;
-           };
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Block Chaining (CBC)
-            */
+       var rbush = rbush$2.exports;
+       var lineclip$1 = lineclip_1;
+       var whichPolygon_1 = whichPolygon;
 
+       function whichPolygon(data) {
+         var bboxes = [];
 
-           var ModeOfOperationCBC = function ModeOfOperationCBC(key, iv) {
-             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCBC)) {
-               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+         for (var i = 0; i < data.features.length; i++) {
+           var feature = data.features[i];
+           var coords = feature.geometry.coordinates;
+
+           if (feature.geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
+             bboxes.push(treeItem(coords, feature.properties));
+           } else if (feature.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
+             for (var j = 0; j < coords.length; j++) {
+               bboxes.push(treeItem(coords[j], feature.properties));
              }
+           }
+         }
 
-             this.description = "Cipher Block Chaining";
-             this.name = "cbc";
+         var tree = rbush().load(bboxes);
 
-             if (!iv) {
-               iv = createArray(16);
-             } else if (iv.length != 16) {
-               throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
-             }
-
-             this._lastCipherblock = coerceArray(iv, true);
-             this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
-
-           ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
-             plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);
-
-             if (plaintext.length % 16 !== 0) {
-               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
-             }
-
-             var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
-             var block = createArray(16);
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
-               copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
-
-               for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
-                 block[j] ^= this._lastCipherblock[j];
-               }
-
-               this._lastCipherblock = this._aes.encrypt(block);
-               copyArray(this._lastCipherblock, ciphertext, i);
-             }
-
-             return ciphertext;
-           };
-
-           ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
-             ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);
-
-             if (ciphertext.length % 16 !== 0) {
-               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
-             }
-
-             var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
-             var block = createArray(16);
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
-               copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
-               block = this._aes.decrypt(block);
-
-               for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
-                 plaintext[i + j] = block[j] ^ this._lastCipherblock[j];
-               }
-
-               copyArray(ciphertext, this._lastCipherblock, 0, i, i + 16);
-             }
-
-             return plaintext;
-           };
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Feedback (CFB)
-            */
-
-
-           var ModeOfOperationCFB = function ModeOfOperationCFB(key, iv, segmentSize) {
-             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCFB)) {
-               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-             }
-
-             this.description = "Cipher Feedback";
-             this.name = "cfb";
-
-             if (!iv) {
-               iv = createArray(16);
-             } else if (iv.length != 16) {
-               throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 size)');
-             }
-
-             if (!segmentSize) {
-               segmentSize = 1;
-             }
-
-             this.segmentSize = segmentSize;
-             this._shiftRegister = coerceArray(iv, true);
-             this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
-
-           ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
-             if (plaintext.length % this.segmentSize != 0) {
-               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
-             }
-
-             var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
-             var xorSegment;
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
-               xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);
-
-               for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
-                 encrypted[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
-               } // Shift the register
-
-
-               copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
-               copyArray(encrypted, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
-             }
-
-             return encrypted;
-           };
-
-           ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
-             if (ciphertext.length % this.segmentSize != 0) {
-               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
-             }
-
-             var plaintext = coerceArray(ciphertext, true);
-             var xorSegment;
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
-               xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);
-
-               for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
-                 plaintext[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
-               } // Shift the register
-
-
-               copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
-               copyArray(ciphertext, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
-             }
-
-             return plaintext;
-           };
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Output Feedback (OFB)
-            */
-
-
-           var ModeOfOperationOFB = function ModeOfOperationOFB(key, iv) {
-             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationOFB)) {
-               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-             }
-
-             this.description = "Output Feedback";
-             this.name = "ofb";
-
-             if (!iv) {
-               iv = createArray(16);
-             } else if (iv.length != 16) {
-               throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
-             }
-
-             this._lastPrecipher = coerceArray(iv, true);
-             this._lastPrecipherIndex = 16;
-             this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
-
-           ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
-             var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
-               if (this._lastPrecipherIndex === 16) {
-                 this._lastPrecipher = this._aes.encrypt(this._lastPrecipher);
-                 this._lastPrecipherIndex = 0;
-               }
-
-               encrypted[i] ^= this._lastPrecipher[this._lastPrecipherIndex++];
-             }
-
-             return encrypted;
-           }; // Decryption is symetric
-
-
-           ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt;
-           /**
-            *  Counter object for CTR common mode of operation
-            */
-
-           var Counter = function Counter(initialValue) {
-             if (!(this instanceof Counter)) {
-               throw Error('Counter must be instanitated with `new`');
-             } // We allow 0, but anything false-ish uses the default 1
-
-
-             if (initialValue !== 0 && !initialValue) {
-               initialValue = 1;
-             }
-
-             if (typeof initialValue === 'number') {
-               this._counter = createArray(16);
-               this.setValue(initialValue);
-             } else {
-               this.setBytes(initialValue);
-             }
-           };
-
-           Counter.prototype.setValue = function (value) {
-             if (typeof value !== 'number' || parseInt(value) != value) {
-               throw new Error('invalid counter value (must be an integer)');
-             } // We cannot safely handle numbers beyond the safe range for integers
-
-
-             if (value > Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
-               throw new Error('integer value out of safe range');
-             }
-
-             for (var index = 15; index >= 0; --index) {
-               this._counter[index] = value % 256;
-               value = parseInt(value / 256);
-             }
-           };
-
-           Counter.prototype.setBytes = function (bytes) {
-             bytes = coerceArray(bytes, true);
-
-             if (bytes.length != 16) {
-               throw new Error('invalid counter bytes size (must be 16 bytes)');
-             }
-
-             this._counter = bytes;
-           };
-
-           Counter.prototype.increment = function () {
-             for (var i = 15; i >= 0; i--) {
-               if (this._counter[i] === 255) {
-                 this._counter[i] = 0;
-               } else {
-                 this._counter[i]++;
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
-           };
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Counter (CTR)
-            */
-
-
-           var ModeOfOperationCTR = function ModeOfOperationCTR(key, counter) {
-             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCTR)) {
-               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-             }
-
-             this.description = "Counter";
-             this.name = "ctr";
-
-             if (!(counter instanceof Counter)) {
-               counter = new Counter(counter);
-             }
-
-             this._counter = counter;
-             this._remainingCounter = null;
-             this._remainingCounterIndex = 16;
-             this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
-
-           ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
-             var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
-               if (this._remainingCounterIndex === 16) {
-                 this._remainingCounter = this._aes.encrypt(this._counter._counter);
-                 this._remainingCounterIndex = 0;
-
-                 this._counter.increment();
-               }
-
-               encrypted[i] ^= this._remainingCounter[this._remainingCounterIndex++];
-             }
-
-             return encrypted;
-           }; // Decryption is symetric
-
-
-           ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt; ///////////////////////
-           // Padding
-           // See:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2315
-
-           function pkcs7pad(data) {
-             data = coerceArray(data, true);
-             var padder = 16 - data.length % 16;
-             var result = createArray(data.length + padder);
-             copyArray(data, result);
+         function query(p, multi) {
+           var output = [],
+               result = tree.search({
+             minX: p[0],
+             minY: p[1],
+             maxX: p[0],
+             maxY: p[1]
+           });
 
-             for (var i = data.length; i < result.length; i++) {
-               result[i] = padder;
+           for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+             if (insidePolygon(result[i].coords, p)) {
+               if (multi) output.push(result[i].props);else return result[i].props;
              }
-
-             return result;
            }
 
-           function pkcs7strip(data) {
-             data = coerceArray(data, true);
-
-             if (data.length < 16) {
-               throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid length');
-             }
-
-             var padder = data[data.length - 1];
-
-             if (padder > 16) {
-               throw new Error('PKCS#7 padding byte out of range');
-             }
-
-             var length = data.length - padder;
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < padder; i++) {
-               if (data[length + i] !== padder) {
-                 throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid padding byte');
-               }
-             }
+           return multi && output.length ? output : null;
+         }
 
-             var result = createArray(length);
-             copyArray(data, result, 0, 0, length);
-             return result;
-           } ///////////////////////
-           // Exporting
-           // The block cipher
+         query.tree = tree;
 
+         query.bbox = function queryBBox(bbox) {
+           var output = [];
+           var result = tree.search({
+             minX: bbox[0],
+             minY: bbox[1],
+             maxX: bbox[2],
+             maxY: bbox[3]
+           });
 
-           var aesjs = {
-             AES: AES,
-             Counter: Counter,
-             ModeOfOperation: {
-               ecb: ModeOfOperationECB,
-               cbc: ModeOfOperationCBC,
-               cfb: ModeOfOperationCFB,
-               ofb: ModeOfOperationOFB,
-               ctr: ModeOfOperationCTR
-             },
-             utils: {
-               hex: convertHex,
-               utf8: convertUtf8
-             },
-             padding: {
-               pkcs7: {
-                 pad: pkcs7pad,
-                 strip: pkcs7strip
-               }
-             },
-             _arrayTest: {
-               coerceArray: coerceArray,
-               createArray: createArray,
-               copyArray: copyArray
+           for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+             if (polygonIntersectsBBox(result[i].coords, bbox)) {
+               output.push(result[i].props);
              }
-           }; // node.js
-
-           {
-             module.exports = aesjs; // RequireJS/AMD
-             // http://www.requirejs.org/docs/api.html
-             // https://github.com/amdjs/amdjs-api/wiki/AMD
            }
-         })();
-       });
 
-       // We can use keys that are 128 bits (16 bytes), 192 bits (24 bytes) or 256 bits (32 bytes).
-       // To generate a random key:  window.crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16));
-       // This default signing key is built into iD and can be used to mask/unmask sensitive values.
+           return output;
+         };
 
-       var DEFAULT_128 = [250, 157, 60, 79, 142, 134, 229, 129, 138, 126, 210, 129, 29, 71, 160, 208];
-       function utilAesEncrypt(text, key) {
-         key = key || DEFAULT_128;
-         var textBytes = aesJs.utils.utf8.toBytes(text);
-         var aesCtr = new aesJs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
-         var encryptedBytes = aesCtr.encrypt(textBytes);
-         var encryptedHex = aesJs.utils.hex.fromBytes(encryptedBytes);
-         return encryptedHex;
-       }
-       function utilAesDecrypt(encryptedHex, key) {
-         key = key || DEFAULT_128;
-         var encryptedBytes = aesJs.utils.hex.toBytes(encryptedHex);
-         var aesCtr = new aesJs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
-         var decryptedBytes = aesCtr.decrypt(encryptedBytes);
-         var text = aesJs.utils.utf8.fromBytes(decryptedBytes);
-         return text;
+         return query;
        }
 
-       function utilCleanTags(tags) {
-         var out = {};
-
-         for (var k in tags) {
-           if (!k) continue;
-           var v = tags[k];
+       function polygonIntersectsBBox(polygon, bbox) {
+         var bboxCenter = [(bbox[0] + bbox[2]) / 2, (bbox[1] + bbox[3]) / 2];
+         if (insidePolygon(polygon, bboxCenter)) return true;
 
-           if (v !== undefined) {
-             out[k] = cleanValue(k, v);
-           }
+         for (var i = 0; i < polygon.length; i++) {
+           if (lineclip$1(polygon[i], bbox).length > 0) return true;
          }
 
-         return out;
+         return false;
+       } // ray casting algorithm for detecting if point is in polygon
 
-         function cleanValue(k, v) {
-           function keepSpaces(k) {
-             return /_hours|_times|:conditional$/.test(k);
-           }
 
-           function skip(k) {
-             return /^(description|note|fixme)$/.test(k);
-           }
+       function insidePolygon(rings, p) {
+         var inside = false;
 
-           if (skip(k)) return v;
-           var cleaned = v.split(';').map(function (s) {
-             return s.trim();
-           }).join(keepSpaces(k) ? '; ' : ';'); // The code below is not intended to validate websites and emails.
-           // It is only intended to prevent obvious copy-paste errors. (#2323)
-           // clean website- and email-like tags
+         for (var i = 0, len = rings.length; i < len; i++) {
+           var ring = rings[i];
 
-           if (k.indexOf('website') !== -1 || k.indexOf('email') !== -1 || cleaned.indexOf('http') === 0) {
-             cleaned = cleaned.replace(/[\u200B-\u200F\uFEFF]/g, ''); // strip LRM and other zero width chars
+           for (var j = 0, len2 = ring.length, k = len2 - 1; j < len2; k = j++) {
+             if (rayIntersect(p, ring[j], ring[k])) inside = !inside;
            }
-
-           return cleaned;
          }
-       }
-
-       // Like selection.property('value', ...), but avoids no-op value sets,
-       // which can result in layout/repaint thrashing in some situations.
-       function utilGetSetValue(selection, value) {
-         function d3_selection_value(value) {
-           function valueNull() {
-             delete this.value;
-           }
-
-           function valueConstant() {
-             if (this.value !== value) {
-               this.value = value;
-             }
-           }
 
-           function valueFunction() {
-             var x = value.apply(this, arguments);
+         return inside;
+       }
 
-             if (x === null || x === undefined) {
-               delete this.value;
-             } else if (this.value !== x) {
-               this.value = x;
-             }
-           }
+       function rayIntersect(p, p1, p2) {
+         return p1[1] > p[1] !== p2[1] > p[1] && p[0] < (p2[0] - p1[0]) * (p[1] - p1[1]) / (p2[1] - p1[1]) + p1[0];
+       }
 
-           return value === null || value === undefined ? valueNull : typeof value === 'function' ? valueFunction : valueConstant;
-         }
+       function treeItem(coords, props) {
+         var item = {
+           minX: Infinity,
+           minY: Infinity,
+           maxX: -Infinity,
+           maxY: -Infinity,
+           coords: coords,
+           props: props
+         };
 
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           return selection.property('value');
+         for (var i = 0; i < coords[0].length; i++) {
+           var p = coords[0][i];
+           item.minX = Math.min(item.minX, p[0]);
+           item.minY = Math.min(item.minY, p[1]);
+           item.maxX = Math.max(item.maxX, p[0]);
+           item.maxY = Math.max(item.maxY, p[1]);
          }
 
-         return selection.each(d3_selection_value(value));
+         return item;
        }
 
-       function utilKeybinding(namespace) {
-         var _keybindings = {};
-
-         function testBindings(d3_event, isCapturing) {
-           var didMatch = false;
-           var bindings = Object.keys(_keybindings).map(function (id) {
-             return _keybindings[id];
-           });
-           var i, binding; // Most key shortcuts will accept either lower or uppercase ('h' or 'H'),
-           // so we don't strictly match on the shift key, but we prioritize
-           // shifted keybindings first, and fallback to unshifted only if no match.
-           // (This lets us differentiate between '←'/'⇧←' or '⌘Z'/'⌘⇧Z')
-           // priority match shifted keybindings first
-
-           for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
-             binding = bindings[i];
-             if (!binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) continue; // no shift
-
-             if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) continue;
-
-             if (matches(d3_event, binding, true)) {
-               binding.callback(d3_event);
-               didMatch = true; // match a max of one binding per event
-
-               break;
-             }
-           }
-
-           if (didMatch) return; // then unshifted keybindings
-
-           for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
-             binding = bindings[i];
-             if (binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) continue; // shift
-
-             if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) continue;
-
-             if (matches(d3_event, binding, false)) {
-               binding.callback(d3_event);
-               break;
-             }
-           }
-
-           function matches(d3_event, binding, testShift) {
-             var event = d3_event;
-             var isMatch = false;
-             var tryKeyCode = true; // Prefer a match on `KeyboardEvent.key`
-
-             if (event.key !== undefined) {
-               tryKeyCode = event.key.charCodeAt(0) > 255; // outside ISO-Latin-1
-
-               isMatch = true;
-
-               if (binding.event.key === undefined) {
-                 isMatch = false;
-               } else if (Array.isArray(binding.event.key)) {
-                 if (binding.event.key.map(function (s) {
-                   return s.toLowerCase();
-                 }).indexOf(event.key.toLowerCase()) === -1) isMatch = false;
-               } else {
-                 if (event.key.toLowerCase() !== binding.event.key.toLowerCase()) isMatch = false;
-               }
-             } // Fallback match on `KeyboardEvent.keyCode`, can happen if:
-             // - browser doesn't support `KeyboardEvent.key`
-             // - `KeyboardEvent.key` is outside ISO-Latin-1 range (cyrillic?)
-
-
-             if (!isMatch && tryKeyCode) {
-               isMatch = event.keyCode === binding.event.keyCode;
-             }
-
-             if (!isMatch) return false; // test modifier keys
-
-             if (!(event.ctrlKey && event.altKey)) {
-               // if both are set, assume AltGr and skip it - #4096
-               if (event.ctrlKey !== binding.event.modifiers.ctrlKey) return false;
-               if (event.altKey !== binding.event.modifiers.altKey) return false;
-             }
-
-             if (event.metaKey !== binding.event.modifiers.metaKey) return false;
-             if (testShift && event.shiftKey !== binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) return false;
-             return true;
-           }
+       var type = "FeatureCollection";
+       var features = [{
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q21",
+           nameEn: "England",
+           aliases: ["GB-ENG"],
+           country: "GB",
+           groups: ["Q23666", "Q3336843", "154", "150", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           roadSpeedUnit: "mph",
+           roadHeightUnit: "ft",
+           callingCodes: ["44"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-6.03913, 51.13217], [-7.74976, 48.64773], [1.17405, 50.74239], [2.18458, 51.52087], [2.56575, 51.85301], [0.792, 57.56437], [-2.30613, 55.62698], [-2.17058, 55.45916], [-2.6095, 55.28488], [-2.63532, 55.19452], [-3.02906, 55.04606], [-3.09361, 54.94924], [-3.38407, 54.94278], [-4.1819, 54.57861], [-3.5082, 53.54318], [-3.08228, 53.25526], [-3.03675, 53.25092], [-2.92329, 53.19383], [-2.92022, 53.17685], [-2.98598, 53.15589], [-2.90649, 53.10964], [-2.87469, 53.12337], [-2.89131, 53.09374], [-2.83133, 52.99184], [-2.7251, 52.98389], [-2.72221, 52.92969], [-2.80549, 52.89428], [-2.85897, 52.94487], [-2.92401, 52.93836], [-2.97243, 52.9651], [-3.13576, 52.895], [-3.15744, 52.84947], [-3.16105, 52.79599], [-3.08734, 52.77504], [-3.01001, 52.76636], [-2.95581, 52.71794], [-3.01724, 52.72083], [-3.04398, 52.65435], [-3.13648, 52.58208], [-3.12926, 52.5286], [-3.09746, 52.53077], [-3.08662, 52.54811], [-3.00929, 52.57774], [-2.99701, 52.551], [-3.03603, 52.49969], [-3.13359, 52.49174], [-3.22971, 52.45344], [-3.22754, 52.42526], [-3.04687, 52.34504], [-2.95364, 52.3501], [-2.99701, 52.323], [-3.00785, 52.2753], [-3.09289, 52.20546], [-3.12638, 52.08114], [-2.97111, 51.90456], [-2.8818, 51.93196], [-2.78742, 51.88833], [-2.74277, 51.84367], [-2.66234, 51.83555], [-2.66336, 51.59504], [-3.20563, 51.31615], [-6.03913, 51.13217]]]]
          }
-
-         function capture(d3_event) {
-           testBindings(d3_event, true);
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q22",
+           nameEn: "Scotland",
+           aliases: ["GB-SCT"],
+           country: "GB",
+           groups: ["Q23666", "Q3336843", "154", "150", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           roadSpeedUnit: "mph",
+           roadHeightUnit: "ft",
+           callingCodes: ["44"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[0.792, 57.56437], [-0.3751, 61.32236], [-14.78497, 57.60709], [-6.82333, 55.83103], [-4.69044, 54.3629], [-3.38407, 54.94278], [-3.09361, 54.94924], [-3.02906, 55.04606], [-2.63532, 55.19452], [-2.6095, 55.28488], [-2.17058, 55.45916], [-2.30613, 55.62698], [0.792, 57.56437]]]]
          }
-
-         function bubble(d3_event) {
-           var tagName = select(d3_event.target).node().tagName;
-
-           if (tagName === 'INPUT' || tagName === 'SELECT' || tagName === 'TEXTAREA') {
-             return;
-           }
-
-           testBindings(d3_event, false);
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q25",
+           nameEn: "Wales",
+           aliases: ["GB-WLS"],
+           country: "GB",
+           groups: ["Q23666", "Q3336843", "154", "150", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           roadSpeedUnit: "mph",
+           roadHeightUnit: "ft",
+           callingCodes: ["44"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-3.5082, 53.54318], [-5.37267, 53.63269], [-6.03913, 51.13217], [-3.20563, 51.31615], [-2.66336, 51.59504], [-2.66234, 51.83555], [-2.74277, 51.84367], [-2.78742, 51.88833], [-2.8818, 51.93196], [-2.97111, 51.90456], [-3.12638, 52.08114], [-3.09289, 52.20546], [-3.00785, 52.2753], [-2.99701, 52.323], [-2.95364, 52.3501], [-3.04687, 52.34504], [-3.22754, 52.42526], [-3.22971, 52.45344], [-3.13359, 52.49174], [-3.03603, 52.49969], [-2.99701, 52.551], [-3.00929, 52.57774], [-3.08662, 52.54811], [-3.09746, 52.53077], [-3.12926, 52.5286], [-3.13648, 52.58208], [-3.04398, 52.65435], [-3.01724, 52.72083], [-2.95581, 52.71794], [-3.01001, 52.76636], [-3.08734, 52.77504], [-3.16105, 52.79599], [-3.15744, 52.84947], [-3.13576, 52.895], [-2.97243, 52.9651], [-2.92401, 52.93836], [-2.85897, 52.94487], [-2.80549, 52.89428], [-2.72221, 52.92969], [-2.7251, 52.98389], [-2.83133, 52.99184], [-2.89131, 53.09374], [-2.87469, 53.12337], [-2.90649, 53.10964], [-2.98598, 53.15589], [-2.92022, 53.17685], [-2.92329, 53.19383], [-3.03675, 53.25092], [-3.08228, 53.25526], [-3.5082, 53.54318]]]]
          }
-
-         function keybinding(selection) {
-           selection = selection || select(document);
-           selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, capture, true);
-           selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, bubble, false);
-           return keybinding;
-         } // was: keybinding.off()
-
-
-         keybinding.unbind = function (selection) {
-           _keybindings = [];
-           selection = selection || select(document);
-           selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, null);
-           selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, null);
-           return keybinding;
-         };
-
-         keybinding.clear = function () {
-           _keybindings = {};
-           return keybinding;
-         }; // Remove one or more keycode bindings.
-
-
-         keybinding.off = function (codes, capture) {
-           var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-             var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
-             delete _keybindings[id];
-           }
-
-           return keybinding;
-         }; // Add one or more keycode bindings.
-
-
-         keybinding.on = function (codes, callback, capture) {
-           if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
-             return keybinding.off(codes, capture);
-           }
-
-           var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-             var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
-             var binding = {
-               id: id,
-               capture: capture,
-               callback: callback,
-               event: {
-                 key: undefined,
-                 // preferred
-                 keyCode: 0,
-                 // fallback
-                 modifiers: {
-                   shiftKey: false,
-                   ctrlKey: false,
-                   altKey: false,
-                   metaKey: false
-                 }
-               }
-             };
-
-             if (_keybindings[id]) {
-               console.warn('warning: duplicate keybinding for "' + id + '"'); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-             }
-
-             _keybindings[id] = binding;
-             var matches = arr[i].toLowerCase().match(/(?:(?:[^+⇧⌃⌥⌘])+|[⇧⌃⌥⌘]|\+\+|^\+$)/g);
-
-             for (var j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
-               // Normalise matching errors
-               if (matches[j] === '++') matches[j] = '+';
-
-               if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.modifierCodes) {
-                 var prop = utilKeybinding.modifierProperties[utilKeybinding.modifierCodes[matches[j]]];
-                 binding.event.modifiers[prop] = true;
-               } else {
-                 binding.event.key = utilKeybinding.keys[matches[j]] || matches[j];
-
-                 if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.keyCodes) {
-                   binding.event.keyCode = utilKeybinding.keyCodes[matches[j]];
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           }
-
-           return keybinding;
-         };
-
-         return keybinding;
-       }
-       /*
-        * See https://github.com/keithamus/jwerty
-        */
-
-       utilKeybinding.modifierCodes = {
-         // Shift key, ⇧
-         '⇧': 16,
-         shift: 16,
-         // CTRL key, on Mac: ⌃
-         '⌃': 17,
-         ctrl: 17,
-         // ALT key, on Mac: ⌥ (Alt)
-         '⌥': 18,
-         alt: 18,
-         option: 18,
-         // META, on Mac: ⌘ (CMD), on Windows (Win), on Linux (Super)
-         '⌘': 91,
-         meta: 91,
-         cmd: 91,
-         'super': 91,
-         win: 91
-       };
-       utilKeybinding.modifierProperties = {
-         16: 'shiftKey',
-         17: 'ctrlKey',
-         18: 'altKey',
-         91: 'metaKey'
-       };
-       utilKeybinding.plusKeys = ['plus', 'ffplus', '=', 'ffequals', '≠', '±'];
-       utilKeybinding.minusKeys = ['_', '-', 'ffminus', 'dash', '–', '—'];
-       utilKeybinding.keys = {
-         // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
-         '⌫': 'Backspace',
-         backspace: 'Backspace',
-         // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
-         '⇥': 'Tab',
-         '⇆': 'Tab',
-         tab: 'Tab',
-         // Return key, ↩
-         '↩': 'Enter',
-         '↵': 'Enter',
-         '⏎': 'Enter',
-         'return': 'Enter',
-         enter: 'Enter',
-         '⌅': 'Enter',
-         // Pause/Break key
-         'pause': 'Pause',
-         'pause-break': 'Pause',
-         // Caps Lock key, ⇪
-         '⇪': 'CapsLock',
-         caps: 'CapsLock',
-         'caps-lock': 'CapsLock',
-         // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
-         '⎋': ['Escape', 'Esc'],
-         escape: ['Escape', 'Esc'],
-         esc: ['Escape', 'Esc'],
-         // Space key
-         space: [' ', 'Spacebar'],
-         // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
-         '↖': 'PageUp',
-         pgup: 'PageUp',
-         'page-up': 'PageUp',
-         // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
-         '↘': 'PageDown',
-         pgdown: 'PageDown',
-         'page-down': 'PageDown',
-         // END key, on Mac: ⇟
-         '⇟': 'End',
-         end: 'End',
-         // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
-         '⇞': 'Home',
-         home: 'Home',
-         // Insert key, or ins
-         ins: 'Insert',
-         insert: 'Insert',
-         // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
-         '⌦': ['Delete', 'Del'],
-         del: ['Delete', 'Del'],
-         'delete': ['Delete', 'Del'],
-         // Left Arrow Key, or ←
-         '←': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
-         left: ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
-         'arrow-left': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
-         // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
-         '↑': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
-         up: ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
-         'arrow-up': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
-         // Right Arrow Key, or →
-         '→': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
-         right: ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
-         'arrow-right': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
-         // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
-         '↓': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
-         down: ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
-         'arrow-down': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
-         // odities, stuff for backward compatibility (browsers and code):
-         // Num-Multiply, or *
-         '*': ['*', 'Multiply'],
-         star: ['*', 'Multiply'],
-         asterisk: ['*', 'Multiply'],
-         multiply: ['*', 'Multiply'],
-         // Num-Plus or +
-         '+': ['+', 'Add'],
-         'plus': ['+', 'Add'],
-         // Num-Subtract, or -
-         '-': ['-', 'Subtract'],
-         subtract: ['-', 'Subtract'],
-         'dash': ['-', 'Subtract'],
-         // Semicolon
-         semicolon: ';',
-         // = or equals
-         equals: '=',
-         // Comma, or ,
-         comma: ',',
-         // Period, or ., or full-stop
-         period: '.',
-         'full-stop': '.',
-         // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
-         slash: '/',
-         'forward-slash': '/',
-         // Tick, or `, or back-quote
-         tick: '`',
-         'back-quote': '`',
-         // Open bracket, or [
-         'open-bracket': '[',
-         // Back slash, or \
-         'back-slash': '\\',
-         // Close backet, or ]
-         'close-bracket': ']',
-         // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
-         quote: '\'',
-         apostrophe: '\'',
-         // NUMPAD 0-9
-         'num-0': '0',
-         'num-1': '1',
-         'num-2': '2',
-         'num-3': '3',
-         'num-4': '4',
-         'num-5': '5',
-         'num-6': '6',
-         'num-7': '7',
-         'num-8': '8',
-         'num-9': '9',
-         // F1-F25
-         f1: 'F1',
-         f2: 'F2',
-         f3: 'F3',
-         f4: 'F4',
-         f5: 'F5',
-         f6: 'F6',
-         f7: 'F7',
-         f8: 'F8',
-         f9: 'F9',
-         f10: 'F10',
-         f11: 'F11',
-         f12: 'F12',
-         f13: 'F13',
-         f14: 'F14',
-         f15: 'F15',
-         f16: 'F16',
-         f17: 'F17',
-         f18: 'F18',
-         f19: 'F19',
-         f20: 'F20',
-         f21: 'F21',
-         f22: 'F22',
-         f23: 'F23',
-         f24: 'F24',
-         f25: 'F25'
-       };
-       utilKeybinding.keyCodes = {
-         // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
-         '⌫': 8,
-         backspace: 8,
-         // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
-         '⇥': 9,
-         '⇆': 9,
-         tab: 9,
-         // Return key, ↩
-         '↩': 13,
-         '↵': 13,
-         '⏎': 13,
-         'return': 13,
-         enter: 13,
-         '⌅': 13,
-         // Pause/Break key
-         'pause': 19,
-         'pause-break': 19,
-         // Caps Lock key, ⇪
-         '⇪': 20,
-         caps: 20,
-         'caps-lock': 20,
-         // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
-         '⎋': 27,
-         escape: 27,
-         esc: 27,
-         // Space key
-         space: 32,
-         // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
-         '↖': 33,
-         pgup: 33,
-         'page-up': 33,
-         // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
-         '↘': 34,
-         pgdown: 34,
-         'page-down': 34,
-         // END key, on Mac: ⇟
-         '⇟': 35,
-         end: 35,
-         // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
-         '⇞': 36,
-         home: 36,
-         // Insert key, or ins
-         ins: 45,
-         insert: 45,
-         // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
-         '⌦': 46,
-         del: 46,
-         'delete': 46,
-         // Left Arrow Key, or ←
-         '←': 37,
-         left: 37,
-         'arrow-left': 37,
-         // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
-         '↑': 38,
-         up: 38,
-         'arrow-up': 38,
-         // Right Arrow Key, or →
-         '→': 39,
-         right: 39,
-         'arrow-right': 39,
-         // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
-         '↓': 40,
-         down: 40,
-         'arrow-down': 40,
-         // odities, printing characters that come out wrong:
-         // Firefox Equals
-         'ffequals': 61,
-         // Num-Multiply, or *
-         '*': 106,
-         star: 106,
-         asterisk: 106,
-         multiply: 106,
-         // Num-Plus or +
-         '+': 107,
-         'plus': 107,
-         // Num-Subtract, or -
-         '-': 109,
-         subtract: 109,
-         // Firefox Plus
-         'ffplus': 171,
-         // Firefox Minus
-         'ffminus': 173,
-         // Semicolon
-         ';': 186,
-         semicolon: 186,
-         // = or equals
-         '=': 187,
-         'equals': 187,
-         // Comma, or ,
-         ',': 188,
-         comma: 188,
-         // Dash / Underscore key
-         'dash': 189,
-         // Period, or ., or full-stop
-         '.': 190,
-         period: 190,
-         'full-stop': 190,
-         // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
-         '/': 191,
-         slash: 191,
-         'forward-slash': 191,
-         // Tick, or `, or back-quote
-         '`': 192,
-         tick: 192,
-         'back-quote': 192,
-         // Open bracket, or [
-         '[': 219,
-         'open-bracket': 219,
-         // Back slash, or \
-         '\\': 220,
-         'back-slash': 220,
-         // Close backet, or ]
-         ']': 221,
-         'close-bracket': 221,
-         // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
-         '\'': 222,
-         quote: 222,
-         apostrophe: 222
-       }; // NUMPAD 0-9
-
-       var i$1 = 95,
-           n = 0;
-
-       while (++i$1 < 106) {
-         utilKeybinding.keyCodes['num-' + n] = i$1;
-         ++n;
-       } // 0-9
-
-
-       i$1 = 47;
-       n = 0;
-
-       while (++i$1 < 58) {
-         utilKeybinding.keyCodes[n] = i$1;
-         ++n;
-       } // F1-F25
-
-
-       i$1 = 111;
-       n = 1;
-
-       while (++i$1 < 136) {
-         utilKeybinding.keyCodes['f' + n] = i$1;
-         ++n;
-       } // a-z
-
-
-       i$1 = 64;
-
-       while (++i$1 < 91) {
-         utilKeybinding.keyCodes[String.fromCharCode(i$1).toLowerCase()] = i$1;
-       }
-
-       function utilObjectOmit(obj, omitKeys) {
-         return Object.keys(obj).reduce(function (result, key) {
-           if (omitKeys.indexOf(key) === -1) {
-             result[key] = obj[key]; // keep
-           }
-
-           return result;
-         }, {});
-       }
-
-       // Copies a variable number of methods from source to target.
-       function utilRebind(target, source) {
-         var i = 1,
-             n = arguments.length,
-             method;
-
-         while (++i < n) {
-           target[method = arguments[i]] = d3_rebind(target, source, source[method]);
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q26",
+           nameEn: "Northern Ireland",
+           aliases: ["GB-NIR"],
+           country: "GB",
+           groups: ["Q22890", "Q3336843", "154", "150", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           roadSpeedUnit: "mph",
+           roadHeightUnit: "ft",
+           callingCodes: ["44"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-6.34755, 55.49206], [-7.2471, 55.06933], [-7.34464, 55.04688], [-7.4033, 55.00391], [-7.40004, 54.94498], [-7.44404, 54.9403], [-7.4473, 54.87003], [-7.47626, 54.83084], [-7.54508, 54.79401], [-7.54671, 54.74606], [-7.64449, 54.75265], [-7.75041, 54.7103], [-7.83352, 54.73854], [-7.93293, 54.66603], [-7.70315, 54.62077], [-7.8596, 54.53671], [-7.99812, 54.54427], [-8.04538, 54.48941], [-8.179, 54.46763], [-8.04555, 54.36292], [-7.87101, 54.29299], [-7.8596, 54.21779], [-7.81397, 54.20159], [-7.69501, 54.20731], [-7.55812, 54.12239], [-7.4799, 54.12239], [-7.44567, 54.1539], [-7.32834, 54.11475], [-7.30553, 54.11869], [-7.34005, 54.14698], [-7.29157, 54.17191], [-7.28017, 54.16714], [-7.29687, 54.1354], [-7.29493, 54.12013], [-7.26316, 54.13863], [-7.25012, 54.20063], [-7.14908, 54.22732], [-7.19145, 54.31296], [-7.02034, 54.4212], [-6.87775, 54.34682], [-6.85179, 54.29176], [-6.81583, 54.22791], [-6.74575, 54.18788], [-6.70175, 54.20218], [-6.6382, 54.17071], [-6.66264, 54.0666], [-6.62842, 54.03503], [-6.47849, 54.06947], [-6.36605, 54.07234], [-6.36279, 54.11248], [-6.32694, 54.09337], [-6.29003, 54.11278], [-6.26218, 54.09785], [-5.83481, 53.87749], [-4.69044, 54.3629], [-6.34755, 55.49206]]]]
          }
-
-         return target;
-       } // Method is assumed to be a standard D3 getter-setter:
-       // If passed with no arguments, gets the value.
-       // If passed with arguments, sets the value and returns the target.
-
-       function d3_rebind(target, source, method) {
-         return function () {
-           var value = method.apply(source, arguments);
-           return value === source ? target : value;
-         };
-       }
-
-       // A per-domain session mutex backed by a cookie and dead man's
-       // switch. If the session crashes, the mutex will auto-release
-       // after 5 seconds.
-       // This accepts a string and returns an object that complies with utilSessionMutexType
-       function utilSessionMutex(name) {
-         var mutex = {};
-         var intervalID;
-
-         function renew() {
-           var expires = new Date();
-           expires.setSeconds(expires.getSeconds() + 5);
-           document.cookie = name + '=1; expires=' + expires.toUTCString() + '; sameSite=strict';
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q35",
+           nameEn: "Denmark",
+           country: "DK",
+           groups: ["EU", "154", "150", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["45"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[12.16597, 56.60205], [10.40861, 58.38489], [7.28637, 57.35913], [8.02459, 55.09613], [8.45719, 55.06747], [8.55769, 54.91837], [8.63979, 54.91069], [8.76387, 54.8948], [8.81178, 54.90518], [8.92795, 54.90452], [9.04629, 54.87249], [9.14275, 54.87421], [9.20571, 54.85841], [9.24631, 54.84726], [9.23445, 54.83432], [9.2474, 54.8112], [9.32771, 54.80602], [9.33849, 54.80233], [9.36496, 54.81749], [9.38532, 54.83968], [9.41213, 54.84254], [9.43155, 54.82586], [9.4659, 54.83131], [9.58937, 54.88785], [9.62734, 54.88057], [9.61187, 54.85548], [9.73563, 54.8247], [9.89314, 54.84171], [10.16755, 54.73883], [10.31111, 54.65968], [11.00303, 54.63689], [11.90309, 54.38543], [12.85844, 54.82438], [13.93395, 54.84044], [15.36991, 54.73263], [15.79951, 55.54655], [14.89259, 55.5623], [14.28399, 55.1553], [12.84405, 55.13257], [12.60345, 55.42675], [12.88472, 55.63369], [12.6372, 55.91371], [12.65312, 56.04345], [12.07466, 56.29488], [12.16597, 56.60205]]]]
          }
-
-         mutex.lock = function () {
-           if (intervalID) return true;
-           var cookie = document.cookie.replace(new RegExp('(?:(?:^|.*;)\\s*' + name + '\\s*\\=\\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$'), '$1');
-           if (cookie) return false;
-           renew();
-           intervalID = window.setInterval(renew, 4000);
-           return true;
-         };
-
-         mutex.unlock = function () {
-           if (!intervalID) return;
-           document.cookie = name + '=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; sameSite=strict';
-           clearInterval(intervalID);
-           intervalID = null;
-         };
-
-         mutex.locked = function () {
-           return !!intervalID;
-         };
-
-         return mutex;
-       }
-
-       function utilTiler() {
-         var _size = [256, 256];
-         var _scale = 256;
-         var _tileSize = 256;
-         var _zoomExtent = [0, 20];
-         var _translate = [_size[0] / 2, _size[1] / 2];
-         var _margin = 0;
-         var _skipNullIsland = false;
-
-         function clamp(num, min, max) {
-           return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q55",
+           nameEn: "Netherlands",
+           country: "NL",
+           groups: ["EU", "155", "150", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["31"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[5.45168, 54.20039], [2.56575, 51.85301], [3.36263, 51.37112], [3.38696, 51.33436], [3.35847, 51.31572], [3.38289, 51.27331], [3.41704, 51.25933], [3.43488, 51.24135], [3.52698, 51.2458], [3.51502, 51.28697], [3.58939, 51.30064], [3.78999, 51.25766], [3.78783, 51.2151], [3.90125, 51.20371], [3.97889, 51.22537], [4.01957, 51.24504], [4.05165, 51.24171], [4.16721, 51.29348], [4.24024, 51.35371], [4.21923, 51.37443], [4.33265, 51.37687], [4.34086, 51.35738], [4.39292, 51.35547], [4.43777, 51.36989], [4.38064, 51.41965], [4.39747, 51.43316], [4.38122, 51.44905], [4.47736, 51.4778], [4.5388, 51.48184], [4.54675, 51.47265], [4.52846, 51.45002], [4.53521, 51.4243], [4.57489, 51.4324], [4.65442, 51.42352], [4.72935, 51.48424], [4.74578, 51.48937], [4.77321, 51.50529], [4.78803, 51.50284], [4.84139, 51.4799], [4.82409, 51.44736], [4.82946, 51.4213], [4.78314, 51.43319], [4.76577, 51.43046], [4.77229, 51.41337], [4.78941, 51.41102], [4.84988, 51.41502], [4.90016, 51.41404], [4.92152, 51.39487], [5.00393, 51.44406], [5.0106, 51.47167], [5.03281, 51.48679], [5.04774, 51.47022], [5.07891, 51.4715], [5.10456, 51.43163], [5.07102, 51.39469], [5.13105, 51.34791], [5.13377, 51.31592], [5.16222, 51.31035], [5.2002, 51.32243], [5.24244, 51.30495], [5.22542, 51.26888], [5.23814, 51.26064], [5.26461, 51.26693], [5.29716, 51.26104], [5.33886, 51.26314], [5.347, 51.27502], [5.41672, 51.26248], [5.4407, 51.28169], [5.46519, 51.2849], [5.48476, 51.30053], [5.515, 51.29462], [5.5569, 51.26544], [5.5603, 51.22249], [5.65145, 51.19788], [5.65528, 51.18736], [5.70344, 51.1829], [5.74617, 51.18928], [5.77735, 51.17845], [5.77697, 51.1522], [5.82564, 51.16753], [5.85508, 51.14445], [5.80798, 51.11661], [5.8109, 51.10861], [5.83226, 51.10585], [5.82921, 51.09328], [5.79903, 51.09371], [5.79835, 51.05834], [5.77258, 51.06196], [5.75961, 51.03113], [5.77688, 51.02483], [5.76242, 50.99703], [5.71864, 50.96092], [5.72875, 50.95428], [5.74752, 50.96202], [5.75927, 50.95601], [5.74644, 50.94723], [5.72545, 50.92312], [5.72644, 50.91167], [5.71626, 50.90796], [5.69858, 50.91046], [5.67886, 50.88142], [5.64504, 50.87107], [5.64009, 50.84742], [5.65259, 50.82309], [5.70118, 50.80764], [5.68995, 50.79641], [5.70107, 50.7827], [5.68091, 50.75804], [5.69469, 50.75529], [5.72216, 50.76398], [5.73904, 50.75674], [5.74356, 50.7691], [5.76533, 50.78159], [5.77513, 50.78308], [5.80673, 50.7558], [5.84548, 50.76542], [5.84888, 50.75448], [5.88734, 50.77092], [5.89129, 50.75125], [5.89132, 50.75124], [5.95942, 50.7622], [5.97545, 50.75441], [6.01976, 50.75398], [6.02624, 50.77453], [5.97497, 50.79992], [5.98404, 50.80988], [6.00462, 50.80065], [6.02328, 50.81694], [6.01921, 50.84435], [6.05623, 50.8572], [6.05702, 50.85179], [6.07431, 50.84674], [6.07693, 50.86025], [6.08805, 50.87223], [6.07486, 50.89307], [6.09297, 50.92066], [6.01615, 50.93367], [6.02697, 50.98303], [5.95282, 50.98728], [5.90296, 50.97356], [5.90493, 51.00198], [5.87849, 51.01969], [5.86735, 51.05182], [5.9134, 51.06736], [5.9541, 51.03496], [5.98292, 51.07469], [6.16706, 51.15677], [6.17384, 51.19589], [6.07889, 51.17038], [6.07889, 51.24432], [6.16977, 51.33169], [6.22674, 51.36135], [6.22641, 51.39948], [6.20654, 51.40049], [6.21724, 51.48568], [6.18017, 51.54096], [6.09055, 51.60564], [6.11759, 51.65609], [6.02767, 51.6742], [6.04091, 51.71821], [5.95003, 51.7493], [5.98665, 51.76944], [5.94568, 51.82786], [5.99848, 51.83195], [6.06705, 51.86136], [6.10337, 51.84829], [6.16902, 51.84094], [6.11551, 51.89769], [6.15349, 51.90439], [6.21443, 51.86801], [6.29872, 51.86801], [6.30593, 51.84998], [6.40704, 51.82771], [6.38815, 51.87257], [6.47179, 51.85395], [6.50231, 51.86313], [6.58556, 51.89386], [6.68386, 51.91861], [6.72319, 51.89518], [6.82357, 51.96711], [6.83035, 51.9905], [6.68128, 52.05052], [6.76117, 52.11895], [6.83984, 52.11728], [6.97189, 52.20329], [6.9897, 52.2271], [7.03729, 52.22695], [7.06365, 52.23789], [7.02703, 52.27941], [7.07044, 52.37805], [7.03417, 52.40237], [6.99041, 52.47235], [6.94293, 52.43597], [6.69507, 52.488], [6.71641, 52.62905], [6.77307, 52.65375], [7.04557, 52.63318], [7.07253, 52.81083], [7.21694, 53.00742], [7.17898, 53.13817], [7.22681, 53.18165], [7.21679, 53.20058], [7.19052, 53.31866], [7.00198, 53.32672], [6.91025, 53.44221], [5.45168, 54.20039]], [[4.93295, 51.44945], [4.95244, 51.45207], [4.9524, 51.45014], [4.93909, 51.44632], [4.93295, 51.44945]], [[4.91493, 51.4353], [4.91935, 51.43634], [4.92227, 51.44252], [4.91811, 51.44621], [4.92287, 51.44741], [4.92811, 51.4437], [4.92566, 51.44273], [4.92815, 51.43856], [4.92879, 51.44161], [4.93544, 51.44634], [4.94025, 51.44193], [4.93416, 51.44185], [4.93471, 51.43861], [4.94265, 51.44003], [4.93986, 51.43064], [4.92952, 51.42984], [4.92652, 51.43329], [4.91493, 51.4353]]]]
          }
-
-         function nearNullIsland(tile) {
-           var x = tile[0];
-           var y = tile[1];
-           var z = tile[2];
-
-           if (z >= 7) {
-             var center = Math.pow(2, z - 1);
-             var width = Math.pow(2, z - 6);
-             var min = center - width / 2;
-             var max = center + width / 2 - 1;
-             return x >= min && x <= max && y >= min && y <= max;
-           }
-
-           return false;
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q782",
+           nameEn: "Hawaii",
+           aliases: ["US-HI"],
+           country: "US",
+           groups: ["Q35657", "061", "009", "UN"],
+           roadSpeedUnit: "mph",
+           roadHeightUnit: "ft",
+           callingCodes: ["1"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-177.8563, 29.18961], [-179.49839, 27.86265], [-151.6784, 9.55515], [-154.05867, 45.51124], [-177.5224, 27.7635], [-177.8563, 29.18961]]]]
          }
-
-         function tiler() {
-           var z = geoScaleToZoom(_scale / (2 * Math.PI), _tileSize);
-           var z0 = clamp(Math.round(z), _zoomExtent[0], _zoomExtent[1]);
-           var tileMin = 0;
-           var tileMax = Math.pow(2, z0) - 1;
-           var log2ts = Math.log(_tileSize) * Math.LOG2E;
-           var k = Math.pow(2, z - z0 + log2ts);
-           var origin = [(_translate[0] - _scale / 2) / k, (_translate[1] - _scale / 2) / k];
-           var cols = range(clamp(Math.floor(-origin[0]) - _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1), clamp(Math.ceil(_size[0] / k - origin[0]) + _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1));
-           var rows = range(clamp(Math.floor(-origin[1]) - _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1), clamp(Math.ceil(_size[1] / k - origin[1]) + _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1));
-           var tiles = [];
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
-             var y = rows[i];
-
-             for (var j = 0; j < cols.length; j++) {
-               var x = cols[j];
-
-               if (i >= _margin && i <= rows.length - _margin && j >= _margin && j <= cols.length - _margin) {
-                 tiles.unshift([x, y, z0]); // tiles in view at beginning
-               } else {
-                 tiles.push([x, y, z0]); // tiles in margin at the end
-               }
-             }
-           }
-
-           tiles.translate = origin;
-           tiles.scale = k;
-           return tiles;
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q797",
+           nameEn: "Alaska",
+           aliases: ["US-AK"],
+           country: "US",
+           groups: ["Q35657", "021", "003", "019", "UN"],
+           roadSpeedUnit: "mph",
+           roadHeightUnit: "ft",
+           callingCodes: ["1"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[169.34848, 52.47228], [180, 51.0171], [179.84401, 55.10087], [169.34848, 52.47228]]], [[[-168.95635, 65.98512], [-169.03888, 65.48473], [-172.76104, 63.77445], [-179.55295, 57.62081], [-179.55295, 50.81807], [-133.92876, 54.62289], [-130.61931, 54.70835], [-130.64499, 54.76912], [-130.44184, 54.85377], [-130.27203, 54.97174], [-130.18765, 55.07744], [-130.08035, 55.21556], [-129.97513, 55.28029], [-130.15373, 55.74895], [-130.00857, 55.91344], [-130.00093, 56.00325], [-130.10173, 56.12178], [-130.33965, 56.10849], [-130.77769, 56.36185], [-131.8271, 56.62247], [-133.38523, 58.42773], [-133.84645, 58.73543], [-134.27175, 58.8634], [-134.48059, 59.13231], [-134.55699, 59.1297], [-134.7047, 59.2458], [-135.00267, 59.28745], [-135.03069, 59.56208], [-135.48007, 59.79937], [-136.31566, 59.59083], [-136.22381, 59.55526], [-136.33727, 59.44466], [-136.47323, 59.46617], [-136.52365, 59.16752], [-136.82619, 59.16198], [-137.4925, 58.89415], [-137.60623, 59.24465], [-138.62145, 59.76431], [-138.71149, 59.90728], [-139.05365, 59.99655], [-139.20603, 60.08896], [-139.05831, 60.35205], [-139.68991, 60.33693], [-139.98024, 60.18027], [-140.45648, 60.30919], [-140.5227, 60.22077], [-141.00116, 60.30648], [-140.97446, 84.39275], [-168.25765, 71.99091], [-168.95635, 65.98512]]]]
          }
-         /**
-          * getTiles() returns an array of tiles that cover the map view
-          */
-
-
-         tiler.getTiles = function (projection) {
-           var origin = [projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[0], projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[1]];
-           this.size(projection.clipExtent()[1]).scale(projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI).translate(projection.translate());
-           var tiles = tiler();
-           var ts = tiles.scale;
-           return tiles.map(function (tile) {
-             if (_skipNullIsland && nearNullIsland(tile)) {
-               return false;
-             }
-
-             var x = tile[0] * ts - origin[0];
-             var y = tile[1] * ts - origin[1];
-             return {
-               id: tile.toString(),
-               xyz: tile,
-               extent: geoExtent(projection.invert([x, y + ts]), projection.invert([x + ts, y]))
-             };
-           }).filter(Boolean);
-         };
-         /**
-          * getGeoJSON() returns a FeatureCollection for debugging tiles
-          */
-
-
-         tiler.getGeoJSON = function (projection) {
-           var features = tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
-             return {
-               type: 'Feature',
-               properties: {
-                 id: tile.id,
-                 name: tile.id
-               },
-               geometry: {
-                 type: 'Polygon',
-                 coordinates: [tile.extent.polygon()]
-               }
-             };
-           });
-           return {
-             type: 'FeatureCollection',
-             features: features
-           };
-         };
-
-         tiler.tileSize = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _tileSize;
-           _tileSize = val;
-           return tiler;
-         };
-
-         tiler.zoomExtent = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _zoomExtent;
-           _zoomExtent = val;
-           return tiler;
-         };
-
-         tiler.size = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _size;
-           _size = val;
-           return tiler;
-         };
-
-         tiler.scale = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _scale;
-           _scale = val;
-           return tiler;
-         };
-
-         tiler.translate = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _translate;
-           _translate = val;
-           return tiler;
-         }; // number to extend the rows/columns beyond those covering the viewport
-
-
-         tiler.margin = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _margin;
-           _margin = +val;
-           return tiler;
-         };
-
-         tiler.skipNullIsland = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _skipNullIsland;
-           _skipNullIsland = val;
-           return tiler;
-         };
-
-         return tiler;
-       }
-
-       function utilTriggerEvent(target, type) {
-         target.each(function () {
-           var evt = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');
-           evt.initEvent(type, true, true);
-           this.dispatchEvent(evt);
-         });
-       }
-
-       var _mainLocalizer = coreLocalizer(); // singleton
-
-
-       var _t = _mainLocalizer.t;
-       // coreLocalizer manages language and locale parameters including translated strings
-       //
-
-       function coreLocalizer() {
-         var localizer = {};
-         var _dataLanguages = {}; // `_dataLocales` is an object containing all _supported_ locale codes -> language info.
-         // * `rtl` - right-to-left or left-to-right text direction
-         // * `pct` - the percent of strings translated; 1 = 100%, full coverage
-         //
-         // {
-         // en: { rtl: false, pct: {…} },
-         // de: { rtl: false, pct: {…} },
-         // …
-         // }
-
-         var _dataLocales = {}; // `localeStrings` is an object containing all _loaded_ locale codes -> string data.
-         // {
-         // en: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
-         // de: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
-         // …
-         // }
-
-         var _localeStrings = {}; // the current locale
-
-         var _localeCode = 'en-US'; // `_localeCodes` must contain `_localeCode` first, optionally followed by fallbacks
-
-         var _localeCodes = ['en-US', 'en'];
-         var _languageCode = 'en';
-         var _textDirection = 'ltr';
-         var _usesMetric = false;
-         var _languageNames = {};
-         var _scriptNames = {}; // getters for the current locale parameters
-
-         localizer.localeCode = function () {
-           return _localeCode;
-         };
-
-         localizer.localeCodes = function () {
-           return _localeCodes;
-         };
-
-         localizer.languageCode = function () {
-           return _languageCode;
-         };
-
-         localizer.textDirection = function () {
-           return _textDirection;
-         };
-
-         localizer.usesMetric = function () {
-           return _usesMetric;
-         };
-
-         localizer.languageNames = function () {
-           return _languageNames;
-         };
-
-         localizer.scriptNames = function () {
-           return _scriptNames;
-         }; // The client app may want to manually set the locale, regardless of the
-         // settings provided by the browser
-
-
-         var _preferredLocaleCodes = [];
-
-         localizer.preferredLocaleCodes = function (codes) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _preferredLocaleCodes;
-
-           if (typeof codes === 'string') {
-             // be generous and accept delimited strings as input
-             _preferredLocaleCodes = codes.split(/,|;| /gi).filter(Boolean);
-           } else {
-             _preferredLocaleCodes = codes;
-           }
-
-           return localizer;
-         };
-
-         var _loadPromise;
-
-         localizer.ensureLoaded = function () {
-           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
-           return _loadPromise = Promise.all([// load the list of languages
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('languages'), // load the list of supported locales
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('locales')]).then(function (results) {
-             _dataLanguages = results[0];
-             _dataLocales = results[1];
-           }).then(function () {
-             var requestedLocales = (_preferredLocaleCodes || []). // List of locales preferred by the browser in priority order.
-             concat(utilDetect().browserLocales) // fallback to English since it's the only guaranteed complete language
-             .concat(['en']);
-
-             _localeCodes = localesToUseFrom(requestedLocales); // Run iD in the highest-priority locale; the rest are fallbacks
-
-             _localeCode = _localeCodes[0]; // Will always return the index for `en` if nothing else
-
-             var fullCoverageIndex = _localeCodes.findIndex(function (locale) {
-               return _dataLocales[locale].pct === 1;
-             }); // We only need to load locales up until we find one with full coverage
-
-
-             var loadStringsPromises = _localeCodes.slice(0, fullCoverageIndex + 1).map(function (code) {
-               return localizer.loadLocale(code);
-             });
-
-             return Promise.all(loadStringsPromises);
-           }).then(function () {
-             updateForCurrentLocale();
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             return console.error(err);
-           }); // eslint-disable-line
-         }; // Returns the locales from `requestedLocales` supported by iD that we should use
-
-
-         function localesToUseFrom(requestedLocales) {
-           var supportedLocales = _dataLocales;
-           var toUse = [];
-
-           for (var i in requestedLocales) {
-             var locale = requestedLocales[i];
-             if (supportedLocales[locale]) toUse.push(locale);
-
-             if (locale.includes('-')) {
-               // Full locale ('es-ES'), add fallback to the base ('es')
-               var langPart = locale.split('-')[0];
-               if (supportedLocales[langPart]) toUse.push(langPart);
-             }
-           } // remove duplicates
-
-
-           return utilArrayUniq(toUse);
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q3492",
+           nameEn: "Sumatra",
+           aliases: ["ID-SM"],
+           country: "ID",
+           groups: ["035", "142", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["62"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[109.82788, 2.86812], [110.90339, 7.52694], [105.01437, 3.24936], [104.56723, 1.44271], [104.34728, 1.33529], [104.12282, 1.27714], [104.03085, 1.26954], [103.74084, 1.12902], [103.66049, 1.18825], [103.56591, 1.19719], [103.03657, 1.30383], [96.11174, 6.69841], [74.28481, -3.17525], [102.92489, -8.17146], [106.32259, -5.50116], [106.38511, -5.16715], [109.17017, -4.07401], [109.3962, -2.07276], [108.50935, -2.01066], [107.94791, 1.06924], [109.82788, 2.86812]]]]
          }
-
-         function updateForCurrentLocale() {
-           if (!_localeCode) return;
-           _languageCode = _localeCode.split('-')[0];
-           var currentData = _dataLocales[_localeCode] || _dataLocales[_languageCode];
-           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-
-           if (hash.rtl === 'true') {
-             _textDirection = 'rtl';
-           } else if (hash.rtl === 'false') {
-             _textDirection = 'ltr';
-           } else {
-             _textDirection = currentData && currentData.rtl ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
-           }
-
-           var locale = _localeCode;
-           if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') locale = 'en';
-           _languageNames = _localeStrings[locale].languageNames;
-           _scriptNames = _localeStrings[locale].scriptNames;
-           _usesMetric = _localeCode.slice(-3).toLowerCase() !== '-us';
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q3757",
+           nameEn: "Java",
+           aliases: ["ID-JW"],
+           country: "ID",
+           groups: ["035", "142", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["62"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[109.17017, -4.07401], [106.38511, -5.16715], [106.32259, -5.50116], [102.92489, -8.17146], [116.22542, -10.49172], [114.39575, -8.2889], [114.42235, -8.09762], [114.92859, -7.49253], [116.33992, -7.56171], [116.58433, -5.30385], [109.17017, -4.07401]]]]
          }
-         /* Locales */
-         // Returns a Promise to load the strings for the requested locale
-
-
-         localizer.loadLocale = function (requested) {
-           if (!_dataLocales) {
-             return Promise.reject('loadLocale called before init');
-           }
-
-           var locale = requested; // US English is the default
-
-           if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') locale = 'en';
-
-           if (!_dataLocales[locale]) {
-             return Promise.reject("Unsupported locale: ".concat(requested));
-           }
-
-           if (_localeStrings[locale]) {
-             // already loaded
-             return Promise.resolve(locale);
-           }
-
-           var fileMap = _mainFileFetcher.fileMap();
-           var key = "locale_".concat(locale);
-           fileMap[key] = "locales/".concat(locale, ".json");
-           return _mainFileFetcher.get(key).then(function (d) {
-             _localeStrings[locale] = d[locale];
-             return locale;
-           });
-         };
-
-         localizer.pluralRule = function (number) {
-           return pluralRule(number, _localeCode);
-         }; // Returns the plural rule for the given `number` with the given `localeCode`.
-         // One of: `zero`, `one`, `two`, `few`, `many`, `other`
-
-
-         function pluralRule(number, localeCode) {
-           // modern browsers have this functionality built-in
-           var rules = 'Intl' in window && Intl.PluralRules && new Intl.PluralRules(localeCode);
-
-           if (rules) {
-             return rules.select(number);
-           } // fallback to basic one/other, as in English
-
-
-           if (number === 1) return 'one';
-           return 'other';
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q3795",
+           nameEn: "Kalimantan",
+           aliases: ["ID-KA"],
+           country: "ID",
+           groups: ["Q36117", "035", "142", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["62"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[120.02464, 2.83703], [118.06469, 4.16638], [117.67641, 4.16535], [117.47313, 4.18857], [117.25801, 4.35108], [115.90217, 4.37708], [115.58276, 3.93499], [115.53713, 3.14776], [115.11343, 2.82879], [115.1721, 2.49671], [114.80706, 2.21665], [114.80706, 1.92351], [114.57892, 1.5], [114.03788, 1.44787], [113.64677, 1.23933], [113.01448, 1.42832], [113.021, 1.57819], [112.48648, 1.56516], [112.2127, 1.44135], [112.15679, 1.17004], [111.94553, 1.12016], [111.82846, 0.99349], [111.55434, 0.97864], [111.22979, 1.08326], [110.62374, 0.873], [110.49182, 0.88088], [110.35354, 0.98869], [109.66397, 1.60425], [109.66397, 1.79972], [109.57923, 1.80624], [109.53794, 1.91771], [109.62558, 1.99182], [109.82788, 2.86812], [107.94791, 1.06924], [108.50935, -2.01066], [109.3962, -2.07276], [109.17017, -4.07401], [116.58433, -5.30385], [120.02464, 2.83703]]]]
          }
-         /**
-         * Try to find that string in `locale` or the current `_localeCode` matching
-         * the given `stringId`. If no string can be found in the requested locale,
-         * we'll recurse down all the `_localeCodes` until one is found.
-         *
-         * @param  {string}   stringId      string identifier
-         * @param  {object?}  replacements  token replacements and default string
-         * @param  {string?}  locale        locale to use (defaults to currentLocale)
-         * @return {string?}  localized string
-         */
-
-
-         localizer.tInfo = function (stringId, replacements, locale) {
-           locale = locale || _localeCode;
-           var path = stringId.split('.').map(function (s) {
-             return s.replace(/<TX_DOT>/g, '.');
-           }).reverse();
-           var stringsKey = locale; // US English is the default
-
-           if (stringsKey.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') stringsKey = 'en';
-           var result = _localeStrings[stringsKey];
-
-           while (result !== undefined && path.length) {
-             result = result[path.pop()];
-           }
-
-           if (result !== undefined) {
-             if (replacements) {
-               if (_typeof(result) === 'object' && Object.keys(result).length) {
-                 // If plural forms are provided, dig one level deeper based on the
-                 // first numeric token replacement provided.
-                 var number = Object.values(replacements).find(function (value) {
-                   return typeof value === 'number';
-                 });
-
-                 if (number !== undefined) {
-                   var rule = pluralRule(number, locale);
-
-                   if (result[rule]) {
-                     result = result[rule];
-                   } else {
-                     // We're pretty sure this should be a plural but no string
-                     // could be found for the given rule. Just pick the first
-                     // string and hope it makes sense.
-                     result = Object.values(result)[0];
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-
-               if (typeof result === 'string') {
-                 for (var key in replacements) {
-                   var value = replacements[key];
-
-                   if (typeof value === 'number' && value.toLocaleString) {
-                     // format numbers for the locale
-                     value = value.toLocaleString(locale, {
-                       style: 'decimal',
-                       useGrouping: true,
-                       minimumFractionDigits: 0
-                     });
-                   }
-
-                   var token = "{".concat(key, "}");
-                   var regex = new RegExp(token, 'g');
-                   result = result.replace(regex, value);
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-
-             if (typeof result === 'string') {
-               // found a localized string!
-               return {
-                 text: result,
-                 locale: locale
-               };
-             }
-           } // no localized string found...
-           // attempt to fallback to a lower-priority language
-
-
-           var index = _localeCodes.indexOf(locale);
-
-           if (index >= 0 && index < _localeCodes.length - 1) {
-             // eventually this will be 'en' or another locale with 100% coverage
-             var fallback = _localeCodes[index + 1];
-             return localizer.tInfo(stringId, replacements, fallback);
-           }
-
-           if (replacements && 'default' in replacements) {
-             // Fallback to a default value if one is specified in `replacements`
-             return {
-               text: replacements["default"],
-               locale: null
-             };
-           }
-
-           var missing = "Missing ".concat(locale, " translation: ").concat(stringId);
-           if (typeof console !== 'undefined') console.error(missing); // eslint-disable-line
-
-           return {
-             text: missing,
-             locale: 'en'
-           };
-         }; // Returns only the localized text, discarding the locale info
-
-
-         localizer.t = function (stringId, replacements, locale) {
-           return localizer.tInfo(stringId, replacements, locale).text;
-         }; // Returns the localized text wrapped in an HTML element encoding the locale info
-
-
-         localizer.t.html = function (stringId, replacements, locale) {
-           var info = localizer.tInfo(stringId, replacements, locale); // text may be empty or undefined if `replacements.default` is
-
-           return info.text ? localizer.htmlForLocalizedText(info.text, info.locale) : '';
-         };
-
-         localizer.htmlForLocalizedText = function (text, localeCode) {
-           return "<span class=\"localized-text\" lang=\"".concat(localeCode || 'unknown', "\">").concat(text, "</span>");
-         };
-
-         localizer.languageName = function (code, options) {
-           if (_languageNames[code]) {
-             // name in locale language
-             // e.g. "German"
-             return _languageNames[code];
-           } // sometimes we only want the local name
-
-
-           if (options && options.localOnly) return null;
-           var langInfo = _dataLanguages[code];
-
-           if (langInfo) {
-             if (langInfo.nativeName) {
-               // name in native language
-               // e.g. "Deutsch (de)"
-               return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', {
-                 language: langInfo.nativeName,
-                 code: code
-               });
-             } else if (langInfo.base && langInfo.script) {
-               var base = langInfo.base; // the code of the language this is based on
-
-               if (_languageNames[base]) {
-                 // base language name in locale language
-                 var scriptCode = langInfo.script;
-                 var script = _scriptNames[scriptCode] || scriptCode; // e.g. "Serbian (Cyrillic)"
-
-                 return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', {
-                   language: _languageNames[base],
-                   code: script
-                 });
-               } else if (_dataLanguages[base] && _dataLanguages[base].nativeName) {
-                 // e.g. "српски (sr-Cyrl)"
-                 return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', {
-                   language: _dataLanguages[base].nativeName,
-                   code: code
-                 });
-               }
-             }
-           }
-
-           return code; // if not found, use the code
-         };
-
-         return localizer;
-       }
-
-       // `presetCollection` is a wrapper around an `Array` of presets `collection`,
-       // and decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
-       //
-
-       function presetCollection(collection) {
-         var MAXRESULTS = 50;
-         var _this = {};
-         var _memo = {};
-         _this.collection = collection;
-
-         _this.item = function (id) {
-           if (_memo[id]) return _memo[id];
-
-           var found = _this.collection.find(function (d) {
-             return d.id === id;
-           });
-
-           if (found) _memo[id] = found;
-           return found;
-         };
-
-         _this.index = function (id) {
-           return _this.collection.findIndex(function (d) {
-             return d.id === id;
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.matchGeometry = function (geometry) {
-           return presetCollection(_this.collection.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.matchGeometry(geometry);
-           }));
-         };
-
-         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
-           return presetCollection(_this.collection.filter(function (d) {
-             return d && d.matchAllGeometry(geometries);
-           }));
-         };
-
-         _this.matchAnyGeometry = function (geometries) {
-           return presetCollection(_this.collection.filter(function (d) {
-             return geometries.some(function (geom) {
-               return d.matchGeometry(geom);
-             });
-           }));
-         };
-
-         _this.fallback = function (geometry) {
-           var id = geometry;
-           if (id === 'vertex') id = 'point';
-           return _this.item(id);
-         };
-
-         _this.search = function (value, geometry, countryCode) {
-           if (!value) return _this;
-           value = value.toLowerCase().trim(); // match at name beginning or just after a space (e.g. "office" -> match "Law Office")
-
-           function leading(a) {
-             var index = a.indexOf(value);
-             return index === 0 || a[index - 1] === ' ';
-           } // match at name beginning only
-
-
-           function leadingStrict(a) {
-             var index = a.indexOf(value);
-             return index === 0;
-           }
-
-           function sortNames(a, b) {
-             var aCompare = (a.suggestion ? a.originalName : a.name()).toLowerCase();
-             var bCompare = (b.suggestion ? b.originalName : b.name()).toLowerCase(); // priority if search string matches preset name exactly - #4325
-
-             if (value === aCompare) return -1;
-             if (value === bCompare) return 1; // priority for higher matchScore
-
-             var i = b.originalScore - a.originalScore;
-             if (i !== 0) return i; // priority if search string appears earlier in preset name
-
-             i = aCompare.indexOf(value) - bCompare.indexOf(value);
-             if (i !== 0) return i; // priority for shorter preset names
-
-             return aCompare.length - bCompare.length;
-           }
-
-           var pool = _this.collection;
-
-           if (countryCode) {
-             pool = pool.filter(function (a) {
-               if (a.countryCodes && a.countryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) === -1) return false;
-               if (a.notCountryCodes && a.notCountryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) !== -1) return false;
-               return true;
-             });
-           }
-
-           var searchable = pool.filter(function (a) {
-             return a.searchable !== false && a.suggestion !== true;
-           });
-           var suggestions = pool.filter(function (a) {
-             return a.suggestion === true;
-           }); // matches value to preset.name
-
-           var leading_name = searchable.filter(function (a) {
-             return leading(a.name().toLowerCase());
-           }).sort(sortNames); // matches value to preset suggestion name (original name is unhyphenated)
-
-           var leading_suggestions = suggestions.filter(function (a) {
-             return leadingStrict(a.originalName.toLowerCase());
-           }).sort(sortNames); // matches value to preset.terms values
-
-           var leading_terms = searchable.filter(function (a) {
-             return (a.terms() || []).some(leading);
-           }); // matches value to preset.tags values
-
-           var leading_tag_values = searchable.filter(function (a) {
-             return Object.values(a.tags || {}).filter(function (val) {
-               return val !== '*';
-             }).some(leading);
-           }); // finds close matches to value in preset.name
-
-           var similar_name = searchable.map(function (a) {
-             return {
-               preset: a,
-               dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.name())
-             };
-           }).filter(function (a) {
-             return a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.name().length, 0) < 3;
-           }).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return a.dist - b.dist;
-           }).map(function (a) {
-             return a.preset;
-           }); // finds close matches to value to preset suggestion name (original name is unhyphenated)
-
-           var similar_suggestions = suggestions.map(function (a) {
-             return {
-               preset: a,
-               dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.originalName.toLowerCase())
-             };
-           }).filter(function (a) {
-             return a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.originalName.length, 0) < 1;
-           }).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return a.dist - b.dist;
-           }).map(function (a) {
-             return a.preset;
-           }); // finds close matches to value in preset.terms
-
-           var similar_terms = searchable.filter(function (a) {
-             return (a.terms() || []).some(function (b) {
-               return utilEditDistance(value, b) + Math.min(value.length - b.length, 0) < 3;
-             });
-           });
-           var results = leading_name.concat(leading_suggestions, leading_terms, leading_tag_values, similar_name, similar_suggestions, similar_terms).slice(0, MAXRESULTS - 1);
-
-           if (geometry) {
-             if (typeof geometry === 'string') {
-               results.push(_this.fallback(geometry));
-             } else {
-               geometry.forEach(function (geom) {
-                 return results.push(_this.fallback(geom));
-               });
-             }
-           }
-
-           return presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(results));
-         };
-
-         return _this;
-       }
-
-       // `presetCategory` builds a `presetCollection` of member presets,
-       // decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
-       //
-
-       function presetCategory(categoryID, category, all) {
-         var _this = Object.assign({}, category); // shallow copy
-
-
-         _this.id = categoryID;
-         _this.members = presetCollection(category.members.map(function (presetID) {
-           return all.item(presetID);
-         }).filter(Boolean));
-         _this.geometry = _this.members.collection.reduce(function (acc, preset) {
-           for (var i in preset.geometry) {
-             var geometry = preset.geometry[i];
-
-             if (acc.indexOf(geometry) === -1) {
-               acc.push(geometry);
-             }
-           }
-
-           return acc;
-         }, []);
-
-         _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) {
-           return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0;
-         };
-
-         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
-           return _this.members.collection.some(function (preset) {
-             return preset.matchAllGeometry(geometries);
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.matchScore = function () {
-           return -1;
-         };
-
-         _this.name = function () {
-           return _t("presets.categories.".concat(categoryID, ".name"), {
-             'default': categoryID
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.nameLabel = function () {
-           return _t.html("presets.categories.".concat(categoryID, ".name"), {
-             'default': categoryID
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.terms = function () {
-           return [];
-         };
-
-         return _this;
-       }
-
-       // `presetField` decorates a given `field` Object
-       // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
-       //
-
-       function presetField(fieldID, field) {
-         var _this = Object.assign({}, field); // shallow copy
-
-
-         _this.id = fieldID; // for use in classes, element ids, css selectors
-
-         _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(fieldID);
-
-         _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) {
-           return !_this.geometry || _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1;
-         };
-
-         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
-           return !_this.geometry || geometries.every(function (geom) {
-             return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1;
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.t = function (scope, options) {
-           return _t("presets.fields.".concat(fieldID, ".").concat(scope), options);
-         };
-
-         _this.t.html = function (scope, options) {
-           return _t.html("presets.fields.".concat(fieldID, ".").concat(scope), options);
-         };
-
-         _this.title = function () {
-           return _this.overrideLabel || _this.t('label', {
-             'default': fieldID
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.label = function () {
-           return _this.overrideLabel || _this.t.html('label', {
-             'default': fieldID
-           });
-         };
-
-         var _placeholder = _this.placeholder;
-
-         _this.placeholder = function () {
-           return _this.t('placeholder', {
-             'default': _placeholder
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();
-
-         _this.terms = function () {
-           return _this.t('terms', {
-             'default': _this.originalTerms
-           }).toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/);
-         };
-
-         _this.increment = _this.type === 'number' ? _this.increment || 1 : undefined;
-         return _this;
-       }
-
-       // `Array.prototype.lastIndexOf` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.lastindexof
-       _export({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: arrayLastIndexOf !== [].lastIndexOf }, {
-         lastIndexOf: arrayLastIndexOf
-       });
-
-       // `presetPreset` decorates a given `preset` Object
-       // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
-       //
-
-       function presetPreset(presetID, preset, addable, allFields, allPresets) {
-         allFields = allFields || {};
-         allPresets = allPresets || {};
-
-         var _this = Object.assign({}, preset); // shallow copy
-
-
-         var _addable = addable || false;
-
-         var _resolvedFields; // cache
-
-
-         var _resolvedMoreFields; // cache
-
-
-         _this.id = presetID;
-         _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(presetID); // for use in css classes, selectors, element ids
-
-         _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();
-         _this.originalName = _this.name || '';
-         _this.originalScore = _this.matchScore || 1;
-         _this.originalReference = _this.reference || {};
-         _this.originalFields = _this.fields || [];
-         _this.originalMoreFields = _this.moreFields || [];
-
-         _this.fields = function () {
-           return _resolvedFields || (_resolvedFields = resolve('fields'));
-         };
-
-         _this.moreFields = function () {
-           return _resolvedMoreFields || (_resolvedMoreFields = resolve('moreFields'));
-         };
-
-         _this.resetFields = function () {
-           return _resolvedFields = _resolvedMoreFields = null;
-         };
-
-         _this.tags = _this.tags || {};
-         _this.addTags = _this.addTags || _this.tags;
-         _this.removeTags = _this.removeTags || _this.addTags;
-         _this.geometry = _this.geometry || [];
-
-         _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) {
-           return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0;
-         };
-
-         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geoms) {
-           return geoms.every(_this.matchGeometry);
-         };
-
-         _this.matchScore = function (entityTags) {
-           var tags = _this.tags;
-           var seen = {};
-           var score = 0; // match on tags
-
-           for (var k in tags) {
-             seen[k] = true;
-
-             if (entityTags[k] === tags[k]) {
-               score += _this.originalScore;
-             } else if (tags[k] === '*' && k in entityTags) {
-               score += _this.originalScore / 2;
-             } else {
-               return -1;
-             }
-           } // boost score for additional matches in addTags - #6802
-
-
-           var addTags = _this.addTags;
-
-           for (var _k in addTags) {
-             if (!seen[_k] && entityTags[_k] === addTags[_k]) {
-               score += _this.originalScore;
-             }
-           }
-
-           return score;
-         };
-
-         _this.t = function (scope, options) {
-           var textID = "presets.presets.".concat(presetID, ".").concat(scope);
-           return _t(textID, options);
-         };
-
-         _this.t.html = function (scope, options) {
-           var textID = "presets.presets.".concat(presetID, ".").concat(scope);
-           return _t.html(textID, options);
-         };
-
-         _this.name = function () {
-           return _this.t('name', {
-             'default': _this.originalName
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.nameLabel = function () {
-           return _this.t.html('name', {
-             'default': _this.originalName
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.subtitle = function () {
-           if (_this.suggestion) {
-             var path = presetID.split('/');
-             path.pop(); // remove brand name
-
-             return _t('presets.presets.' + path.join('/') + '.name');
-           }
-
-           return null;
-         };
-
-         _this.subtitleLabel = function () {
-           if (_this.suggestion) {
-             var path = presetID.split('/');
-             path.pop(); // remove brand name
-
-             return _t.html('presets.presets.' + path.join('/') + '.name');
-           }
-
-           return null;
-         };
-
-         _this.terms = function () {
-           return _this.t('terms', {
-             'default': _this.originalTerms
-           }).toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/);
-         };
-
-         _this.isFallback = function () {
-           var tagCount = Object.keys(_this.tags).length;
-           return tagCount === 0 || tagCount === 1 && _this.tags.hasOwnProperty('area');
-         };
-
-         _this.addable = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _addable;
-           _addable = val;
-           return _this;
-         };
-
-         _this.reference = function () {
-           // Lookup documentation on Wikidata...
-           var qid = _this.tags.wikidata || _this.tags['brand:wikidata'] || _this.tags['operator:wikidata'];
-
-           if (qid) {
-             return {
-               qid: qid
-             };
-           } // Lookup documentation on OSM Wikibase...
-
-
-           var key = _this.originalReference.key || Object.keys(utilObjectOmit(_this.tags, 'name'))[0];
-           var value = _this.originalReference.value || _this.tags[key];
-
-           if (value === '*') {
-             return {
-               key: key
-             };
-           } else {
-             return {
-               key: key,
-               value: value
-             };
-           }
-         };
-
-         _this.unsetTags = function (tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults) {
-           tags = utilObjectOmit(tags, Object.keys(_this.removeTags));
-
-           if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
-             _this.fields().forEach(function (field) {
-               if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && field["default"] === tags[field.key]) {
-                 delete tags[field.key];
-               }
-             });
-           }
-
-           delete tags.area;
-           return tags;
-         };
-
-         _this.setTags = function (tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults) {
-           var addTags = _this.addTags;
-           tags = Object.assign({}, tags); // shallow copy
-
-           for (var k in addTags) {
-             if (addTags[k] === '*') {
-               tags[k] = 'yes';
-             } else {
-               tags[k] = addTags[k];
-             }
-           } // Add area=yes if necessary.
-           // This is necessary if the geometry is already an area (e.g. user drew an area) AND any of:
-           // 1. chosen preset could be either an area or a line (`barrier=city_wall`)
-           // 2. chosen preset doesn't have a key in osmAreaKeys (`railway=station`)
-
-
-           if (!addTags.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
-             delete tags.area;
-
-             if (geometry === 'area') {
-               var needsAreaTag = true;
-
-               if (_this.geometry.indexOf('line') === -1) {
-                 for (var _k2 in addTags) {
-                   if (_k2 in osmAreaKeys) {
-                     needsAreaTag = false;
-                     break;
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-
-               if (needsAreaTag) {
-                 tags.area = 'yes';
-               }
-             }
-           }
-
-           if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
-             _this.fields().forEach(function (field) {
-               if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && !tags[field.key] && field["default"]) {
-                 tags[field.key] = field["default"];
-               }
-             });
-           }
-
-           return tags;
-         }; // For a preset without fields, use the fields of the parent preset.
-         // Replace {preset} placeholders with the fields of the specified presets.
-
-
-         function resolve(which) {
-           var fieldIDs = which === 'fields' ? _this.originalFields : _this.originalMoreFields;
-           var resolved = [];
-           fieldIDs.forEach(function (fieldID) {
-             var match = fieldID.match(/\{(.*)\}/);
-
-             if (match !== null) {
-               // a presetID wrapped in braces {}
-               resolved = resolved.concat(inheritFields(match[1], which));
-             } else if (allFields[fieldID]) {
-               // a normal fieldID
-               resolved.push(allFields[fieldID]);
-             } else {
-               console.log("Cannot resolve \"".concat(fieldID, "\" found in ").concat(_this.id, ".").concat(which)); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-             }
-           }); // no fields resolved, so use the parent's if possible
-
-           if (!resolved.length) {
-             var endIndex = _this.id.lastIndexOf('/');
-
-             var parentID = endIndex && _this.id.substring(0, endIndex);
-
-             if (parentID) {
-               resolved = inheritFields(parentID, which);
-             }
-           }
-
-           return utilArrayUniq(resolved); // returns an array of fields to inherit from the given presetID, if found
-
-           function inheritFields(presetID, which) {
-             var parent = allPresets[presetID];
-             if (!parent) return [];
-
-             if (which === 'fields') {
-               return parent.fields().filter(shouldInherit);
-             } else if (which === 'moreFields') {
-               return parent.moreFields();
-             } else {
-               return [];
-             }
-           } // Skip `fields` for the keys which define the preset.
-           // These are usually `typeCombo` fields like `shop=*`
-
-
-           function shouldInherit(f) {
-             if (f.key && _this.tags[f.key] !== undefined && // inherit anyway if multiple values are allowed or just a checkbox
-             f.type !== 'multiCombo' && f.type !== 'semiCombo' && f.type !== 'manyCombo' && f.type !== 'check') return false;
-             return true;
-           }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q3803",
+           nameEn: "Lesser Sunda Islands",
+           aliases: ["ID-NU"],
+           country: "ID",
+           groups: ["035", "142", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["62"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[116.96967, -8.01483], [114.92859, -7.49253], [114.42235, -8.09762], [114.39575, -8.2889], [116.22542, -10.49172], [122.14954, -11.52517], [125.68138, -9.85176], [125.09025, -9.46406], [124.97892, -9.19281], [125.04044, -9.17093], [125.09434, -9.19669], [125.18907, -9.16434], [125.18632, -9.03142], [125.11764, -8.96359], [124.97742, -9.08128], [124.94011, -8.85617], [124.46701, -9.13002], [124.45971, -9.30263], [124.38554, -9.3582], [124.35258, -9.43002], [124.3535, -9.48493], [124.28115, -9.50453], [124.28115, -9.42189], [124.21247, -9.36904], [124.14517, -9.42324], [124.10539, -9.41206], [124.04286, -9.34243], [124.04628, -9.22671], [124.33472, -9.11416], [124.92337, -8.75859], [125.87688, -7.49892], [116.96967, -8.01483]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q3812",
+           nameEn: "Sulawesi",
+           aliases: ["ID-SL"],
+           country: "ID",
+           groups: ["035", "142", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["62"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[128.34321, 3.90322], [126.69413, 6.02692], [119.56457, 0.90759], [116.58433, -5.30385], [116.33992, -7.56171], [116.96967, -8.01483], [125.87688, -7.49892], [123.78965, -0.86805], [128.34321, 3.90322]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q3827",
+           nameEn: "Maluku Islands",
+           aliases: ["ID-ML"],
+           country: "ID",
+           groups: ["035", "142", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["62"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[129.63187, 2.21409], [128.34321, 3.90322], [123.78965, -0.86805], [125.87688, -7.49892], [125.58506, -7.95311], [125.87691, -8.31789], [127.42116, -8.22471], [127.55165, -9.05052], [135.49042, -9.2276], [135.35517, -5.01442], [132.8312, -4.70282], [130.8468, -2.61103], [128.40647, -2.30349], [129.71519, -0.24692], [129.63187, 2.21409]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q3845",
+           nameEn: "Western New Guinea",
+           aliases: ["ID-PP"],
+           country: "ID",
+           groups: ["035", "142", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["62"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
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-
-         return _this;
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-       var _mainPresetIndex = presetIndex(); // singleton
-       // `presetIndex` wraps a `presetCollection`
-       // with methods for loading new data and returning defaults
-       //
-
-       function presetIndex() {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('favoritePreset', 'recentsChange');
-         var MAXRECENTS = 30; // seed the preset lists with geometry fallbacks
-
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-           name: 'Point',
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-           geometry: ['point', 'vertex'],
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-           geometry: ['line'],
-           matchScore: 0.1
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-         var AREA = presetPreset('area', {
-           name: 'Area',
-           tags: {
-             area: 'yes'
-           },
-           geometry: ['area'],
-           matchScore: 0.1
-         });
-         var RELATION = presetPreset('relation', {
-           name: 'Relation',
-           tags: {},
-           geometry: ['relation'],
-           matchScore: 0.1
-         });
-
-         var _this = presetCollection([POINT, LINE, AREA, RELATION]);
-
-         var _presets = {
-           point: POINT,
-           line: LINE,
-           area: AREA,
-           relation: RELATION
-         };
-         var _defaults = {
-           point: presetCollection([POINT]),
-           vertex: presetCollection([POINT]),
-           line: presetCollection([LINE]),
-           area: presetCollection([AREA]),
-           relation: presetCollection([RELATION])
-         };
-         var _fields = {};
-         var _categories = {};
-         var _universal = [];
-         var _addablePresetIDs = null; // Set of preset IDs that the user can add
-
-         var _recents;
-
-         var _favorites; // Index of presets by (geometry, tag key).
-
-
-         var _geometryIndex = {
-           point: {},
-           vertex: {},
-           line: {},
-           area: {},
-           relation: {}
-         };
-
-         var _loadPromise;
-
-         _this.ensureLoaded = function () {
-           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
-           return _loadPromise = Promise.all([_mainFileFetcher.get('preset_categories'), _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_defaults'), _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_presets'), _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_fields')]).then(function (vals) {
-             _this.merge({
-               categories: vals[0],
-               defaults: vals[1],
-               presets: vals[2],
-               fields: vals[3]
-             });
-
-             osmSetAreaKeys(_this.areaKeys());
-             osmSetPointTags(_this.pointTags());
-             osmSetVertexTags(_this.vertexTags());
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.merge = function (d) {
-           // Merge Fields
-           if (d.fields) {
-             Object.keys(d.fields).forEach(function (fieldID) {
-               var f = d.fields[fieldID];
-
-               if (f) {
-                 // add or replace
-                 _fields[fieldID] = presetField(fieldID, f);
-               } else {
-                 // remove
-                 delete _fields[fieldID];
-               }
-             });
-           } // Merge Presets
-
-
-           if (d.presets) {
-             Object.keys(d.presets).forEach(function (presetID) {
-               var p = d.presets[presetID];
-
-               if (p) {
-                 // add or replace
-                 var isAddable = !_addablePresetIDs || _addablePresetIDs.has(presetID);
-
-                 _presets[presetID] = presetPreset(presetID, p, isAddable, _fields, _presets);
-               } else {
-                 // remove (but not if it's a fallback)
-                 var existing = _presets[presetID];
-
-                 if (existing && !existing.isFallback()) {
-                   delete _presets[presetID];
-                 }
-               }
-             });
-           } // Need to rebuild _this.collection before loading categories
-
-
-           _this.collection = Object.values(_presets).concat(Object.values(_categories)); // Merge Categories
-
-           if (d.categories) {
-             Object.keys(d.categories).forEach(function (categoryID) {
-               var c = d.categories[categoryID];
-
-               if (c) {
-                 // add or replace
-                 _categories[categoryID] = presetCategory(categoryID, c, _this);
-               } else {
-                 // remove
-                 delete _categories[categoryID];
-               }
-             });
-           } // Rebuild _this.collection after loading categories
-
-
-           _this.collection = Object.values(_presets).concat(Object.values(_categories)); // Merge Defaults
-
-           if (d.defaults) {
-             Object.keys(d.defaults).forEach(function (geometry) {
-               var def = d.defaults[geometry];
-
-               if (Array.isArray(def)) {
-                 // add or replace
-                 _defaults[geometry] = presetCollection(def.map(function (id) {
-                   return _presets[id] || _categories[id];
-                 }).filter(Boolean));
-               } else {
-                 // remove
-                 delete _defaults[geometry];
-               }
-             });
-           } // Rebuild universal fields array
-
-
-           _universal = Object.values(_fields).filter(function (field) {
-             return field.universal;
-           }); // Reset all the preset fields - they'll need to be resolved again
-
-           Object.values(_presets).forEach(function (preset) {
-             return preset.resetFields();
-           }); // Rebuild geometry index
-
-           _geometryIndex = {
-             point: {},
-             vertex: {},
-             line: {},
-             area: {},
-             relation: {}
-           };
-
-           _this.collection.forEach(function (preset) {
-             (preset.geometry || []).forEach(function (geometry) {
-               var g = _geometryIndex[geometry];
-
-               for (var key in preset.tags) {
-                 (g[key] = g[key] || []).push(preset);
-               }
-             });
-           });
-
-           return _this;
-         };
-
-         _this.match = function (entity, resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](entity, 'presetMatch', function () {
-             var geometry = entity.geometry(resolver); // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices - #3241
-
-             if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) {
-               geometry = 'point';
-             }
-
-             return _this.matchTags(entity.tags, geometry);
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.matchTags = function (tags, geometry) {
-           var geometryMatches = _geometryIndex[geometry];
-           var address;
-           var best = -1;
-           var match;
-
-           for (var k in tags) {
-             // If any part of an address is present, allow fallback to "Address" preset - #4353
-             if (/^addr:/.test(k) && geometryMatches['addr:*']) {
-               address = geometryMatches['addr:*'][0];
-             }
-
-             var keyMatches = geometryMatches[k];
-             if (!keyMatches) continue;
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < keyMatches.length; i++) {
-               var score = keyMatches[i].matchScore(tags);
-
-               if (score > best) {
-                 best = score;
-                 match = keyMatches[i];
-               }
-             }
-           }
-
-           if (address && (!match || match.isFallback())) {
-             match = address;
-           }
-
-           return match || _this.fallback(geometry);
-         };
-
-         _this.allowsVertex = function (entity, resolver) {
-           if (entity.type !== 'node') return false;
-           if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) return true;
-           return resolver["transient"](entity, 'vertexMatch', function () {
-             // address lines allow vertices to act as standalone points
-             if (entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) return true;
-             var geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);
-             if (geometries.vertex) return true;
-             if (geometries.point) return false; // allow vertices for unspecified points
-
-             return true;
-           });
-         }; // Because of the open nature of tagging, iD will never have a complete
-         // list of tags used in OSM, so we want it to have logic like "assume
-         // that a closed way with an amenity tag is an area, unless the amenity
-         // is one of these specific types". This function computes a structure
-         // that allows testing of such conditions, based on the presets designated
-         // as as supporting (or not supporting) the area geometry.
-         //
-         // The returned object L is a keeplist/discardlist of tags. A closed way
-         // with a tag (k, v) is considered to be an area if `k in L && !(v in L[k])`
-         // (see `Way#isArea()`). In other words, the keys of L form the keeplist,
-         // and the subkeys form the discardlist.
-
-
-         _this.areaKeys = function () {
-           // The ignore list is for keys that imply lines. (We always add `area=yes` for exceptions)
-           var ignore = ['barrier', 'highway', 'footway', 'railway', 'junction', 'type'];
-           var areaKeys = {}; // ignore name-suggestion-index and deprecated presets
-
-           var presets = _this.collection.filter(function (p) {
-             return !p.suggestion && !p.replacement;
-           }); // keeplist
-
-
-           presets.forEach(function (p) {
-             var keys = p.tags && Object.keys(p.tags);
-             var key = keys && keys.length && keys[0]; // pick the first tag
-
-             if (!key) return;
-             if (ignore.indexOf(key) !== -1) return;
-
-             if (p.geometry.indexOf('area') !== -1) {
-               // probably an area..
-               areaKeys[key] = areaKeys[key] || {};
-             }
-           }); // discardlist
-
-           presets.forEach(function (p) {
-             var key;
-
-             for (key in p.addTags) {
-               // examine all addTags to get a better sense of what can be tagged on lines - #6800
-               var value = p.addTags[key];
-
-               if (key in areaKeys && // probably an area...
-               p.geometry.indexOf('line') !== -1 && // but sometimes a line
-               value !== '*') {
-                 areaKeys[key][value] = true;
-               }
-             }
-           });
-           return areaKeys;
-         };
-
-         _this.pointTags = function () {
-           return _this.collection.reduce(function (pointTags, d) {
-             // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
-             if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) return pointTags; // only care about the primary tag
-
-             var keys = d.tags && Object.keys(d.tags);
-             var key = keys && keys.length && keys[0]; // pick the first tag
-
-             if (!key) return pointTags; // if this can be a point
-
-             if (d.geometry.indexOf('point') !== -1) {
-               pointTags[key] = pointTags[key] || {};
-               pointTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
-             }
-
-             return pointTags;
-           }, {});
-         };
-
-         _this.vertexTags = function () {
-           return _this.collection.reduce(function (vertexTags, d) {
-             // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
-             if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) return vertexTags; // only care about the primary tag
-
-             var keys = d.tags && Object.keys(d.tags);
-             var key = keys && keys.length && keys[0]; // pick the first tag
-
-             if (!key) return vertexTags; // if this can be a vertex
-
-             if (d.geometry.indexOf('vertex') !== -1) {
-               vertexTags[key] = vertexTags[key] || {};
-               vertexTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
-             }
-
-             return vertexTags;
-           }, {});
-         };
-
-         _this.field = function (id) {
-           return _fields[id];
-         };
-
-         _this.universal = function () {
-           return _universal;
-         };
-
-         _this.defaults = function (geometry, n, startWithRecents) {
-           var recents = [];
-
-           if (startWithRecents) {
-             recents = _this.recent().matchGeometry(geometry).collection.slice(0, 4);
-           }
-
-           var defaults;
-
-           if (_addablePresetIDs) {
-             defaults = Array.from(_addablePresetIDs).map(function (id) {
-               var preset = _this.item(id);
-
-               if (preset && preset.matchGeometry(geometry)) return preset;
-               return null;
-             }).filter(Boolean);
-           } else {
-             defaults = _defaults[geometry].collection.concat(_this.fallback(geometry));
-           }
-
-           return presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(recents.concat(defaults)).slice(0, n - 1));
-         }; // pass a Set of addable preset ids
-
-
-         _this.addablePresetIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _addablePresetIDs; // accept and convert arrays
-
-           if (Array.isArray(val)) val = new Set(val);
-           _addablePresetIDs = val;
-
-           if (_addablePresetIDs) {
-             // reset all presets
-             _this.collection.forEach(function (p) {
-               // categories aren't addable
-               if (p.addable) p.addable(_addablePresetIDs.has(p.id));
-             });
-           } else {
-             _this.collection.forEach(function (p) {
-               if (p.addable) p.addable(true);
-             });
-           }
-
-           return _this;
-         };
-
-         _this.recent = function () {
-           return presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(_this.getRecents().map(function (d) {
-             return d.preset;
-           })));
-         };
-
-         function RibbonItem(preset, source) {
-           var item = {};
-           item.preset = preset;
-           item.source = source;
-
-           item.isFavorite = function () {
-             return item.source === 'favorite';
-           };
-
-           item.isRecent = function () {
-             return item.source === 'recent';
-           };
-
-           item.matches = function (preset) {
-             return item.preset.id === preset.id;
-           };
-
-           item.minified = function () {
-             return {
-               pID: item.preset.id
-             };
-           };
-
-           return item;
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "MX",
+           iso1A3: "MEX",
+           iso1N3: "484",
+           wikidata: "Q96",
+           nameEn: "Mexico",
+           groups: ["013", "003", "419", "019", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["52"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-117.1243, 32.53427], [-118.48109, 32.5991], [-120.12904, 18.41089], [-92.37213, 14.39277], [-92.2261, 14.53423], [-92.1454, 14.6804], [-92.18161, 14.84147], [-92.1423, 14.88647], [-92.1454, 14.98143], [-92.0621, 15.07406], [-92.20983, 15.26077], [-91.73182, 16.07371], [-90.44567, 16.07573], [-90.40499, 16.40524], [-90.61212, 16.49832], [-90.69064, 16.70697], [-91.04436, 16.92175], [-91.43809, 17.25373], [-90.99199, 17.25192], [-90.98678, 17.81655], [-89.14985, 17.81563], [-89.15105, 17.95104], [-89.03839, 18.0067], [-88.8716, 17.89535], [-88.71505, 18.0707], [-88.48242, 18.49164], [-88.3268, 18.49048], [-88.29909, 18.47591], [-88.26593, 18.47617], [-88.03238, 18.41778], [-88.03165, 18.16657], [-87.90671, 18.15213], [-87.87604, 18.18313], [-87.86657, 18.19971], [-87.85693, 18.18266], [-87.84815, 18.18511], [-86.92368, 17.61462], [-85.9092, 21.8218], [-96.92418, 25.97377], [-97.13927, 25.96583], [-97.35946, 25.92189], [-97.37332, 25.83854], [-97.42511, 25.83969], [-97.45669, 25.86874], [-97.49828, 25.89877], [-97.52025, 25.88518], [-97.66511, 26.01708], [-97.95155, 26.0625], [-97.97017, 26.05232], [-98.24603, 26.07191], [-98.27075, 26.09457], [-98.30491, 26.10475], [-98.35126, 26.15129], [-99.00546, 26.3925], [-99.03053, 26.41249], [-99.08477, 26.39849], [-99.53573, 27.30926], [-99.49744, 27.43746], [-99.482, 27.47128], [-99.48045, 27.49016], [-99.50208, 27.50021], [-99.52955, 27.49747], [-99.51478, 27.55836], [-99.55409, 27.61314], [-100.50029, 28.66117], [-100.51222, 28.70679], [-100.5075, 28.74066], [-100.52313, 28.75598], [-100.59809, 28.88197], [-100.63689, 28.90812], [-100.67294, 29.09744], [-100.79696, 29.24688], [-100.87982, 29.296], [-100.94056, 29.33371], [-100.94579, 29.34523], [-100.96725, 29.3477], [-101.01128, 29.36947], [-101.05686, 29.44738], [-101.47277, 29.7744], [-102.60596, 29.8192], [-103.15787, 28.93865], [-104.37752, 29.54255], [-104.39363, 29.55396], [-104.3969, 29.57105], [-104.5171, 29.64671], [-104.77674, 30.4236], [-106.00363, 31.39181], [-106.09025, 31.40569], [-106.20346, 31.46305], [-106.23711, 31.51262], [-106.24612, 31.54193], [-106.28084, 31.56173], [-106.30305, 31.62154], [-106.33419, 31.66303], [-106.34864, 31.69663], [-106.3718, 31.71165], [-106.38003, 31.73151], [-106.41773, 31.75196], [-106.43419, 31.75478], [-106.45244, 31.76523], [-106.46726, 31.75998], [-106.47298, 31.75054], [-106.48815, 31.74769], [-106.50111, 31.75714], [-106.50962, 31.76155], [-106.51251, 31.76922], [-106.52266, 31.77509], [-106.529, 31.784], [-108.20899, 31.78534], [-108.20979, 31.33316], [-111.07523, 31.33232], [-114.82011, 32.49609], [-114.79524, 32.55731], [-114.81141, 32.55543], [-114.80584, 32.62028], [-114.76736, 32.64094], [-114.71871, 32.71894], [-115.88053, 32.63624], [-117.1243, 32.53427]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "MY",
+           iso1A3: "MYS",
+           iso1N3: "458",
+           wikidata: "Q833",
+           nameEn: "Malaysia"
+         },
+         geometry: null
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "MZ",
+           iso1A3: "MOZ",
+           iso1N3: "508",
+           wikidata: "Q1029",
+           nameEn: "Mozambique",
+           groups: ["014", "202", "002", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["258"]
+         },
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          }
-
-         function ribbonItemForMinified(d, source) {
-           if (d && d.pID) {
-             var preset = _this.item(d.pID);
-
-             if (!preset) return null;
-             return RibbonItem(preset, source);
-           }
-
-           return null;
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TK",
+           iso1A3: "TKL",
+           iso1N3: "772",
+           wikidata: "Q36823",
+           nameEn: "Tokelau",
+           country: "NZ",
+           groups: ["061", "009", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["690"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-168.251, -9.44289], [-174.18635, -7.80441], [-174.17993, -10.13616], [-168.251, -9.44289]]]]
          }
-
-         _this.getGenericRibbonItems = function () {
-           return ['point', 'line', 'area'].map(function (id) {
-             return RibbonItem(_this.item(id), 'generic');
-           });
-         };
-
-         _this.getAddable = function () {
-           if (!_addablePresetIDs) return [];
-           return _addablePresetIDs.map(function (id) {
-             var preset = _this.item(id);
-
-             if (preset) return RibbonItem(preset, 'addable');
-             return null;
-           }).filter(Boolean);
-         };
-
-         function setRecents(items) {
-           _recents = items;
-           var minifiedItems = items.map(function (d) {
-             return d.minified();
-           });
-           corePreferences('preset_recents', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems));
-           dispatch$1.call('recentsChange');
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TL",
+           iso1A3: "TLS",
+           iso1N3: "626",
+           wikidata: "Q574",
+           nameEn: "East Timor",
+           aliases: ["Timor-Leste", "TP"],
+           groups: ["035", "142", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["670"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[124.46701, -9.13002], [124.94011, -8.85617], [124.97742, -9.08128], [125.11764, -8.96359], [125.18632, -9.03142], [125.18907, -9.16434], [125.09434, -9.19669], [125.04044, -9.17093], [124.97892, -9.19281], [125.09025, -9.46406], [125.68138, -9.85176], [127.55165, -9.05052], [127.42116, -8.22471], [125.87691, -8.31789], [125.58506, -7.95311], [124.92337, -8.75859], [124.33472, -9.11416], [124.04628, -9.22671], [124.04286, -9.34243], [124.10539, -9.41206], [124.14517, -9.42324], [124.21247, -9.36904], [124.28115, -9.42189], [124.28115, -9.50453], [124.3535, -9.48493], [124.35258, -9.43002], [124.38554, -9.3582], [124.45971, -9.30263], [124.46701, -9.13002]]]]
          }
-
-         _this.getRecents = function () {
-           if (!_recents) {
-             // fetch from local storage
-             _recents = (JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_recents')) || []).reduce(function (acc, d) {
-               var item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'recent');
-               if (item && item.preset.addable()) acc.push(item);
-               return acc;
-             }, []);
-           }
-
-           return _recents;
-         };
-
-         _this.addRecent = function (preset, besidePreset, after) {
-           var recents = _this.getRecents();
-
-           var beforeItem = _this.recentMatching(besidePreset);
-
-           var toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
-           if (after) toIndex += 1;
-           var newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
-           recents.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
-           setRecents(recents);
-         };
-
-         _this.removeRecent = function (preset) {
-           var item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
-
-           if (item) {
-             var items = _this.getRecents();
-
-             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
-             setRecents(items);
-           }
-         };
-
-         _this.recentMatching = function (preset) {
-           var items = _this.getRecents();
-
-           for (var i in items) {
-             if (items[i].matches(preset)) {
-               return items[i];
-             }
-           }
-
-           return null;
-         };
-
-         _this.moveItem = function (items, fromIndex, toIndex) {
-           if (fromIndex === toIndex || fromIndex < 0 || toIndex < 0 || fromIndex >= items.length || toIndex >= items.length) return null;
-           items.splice(toIndex, 0, items.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
-           return items;
-         };
-
-         _this.moveRecent = function (item, beforeItem) {
-           var recents = _this.getRecents();
-
-           var fromIndex = recents.indexOf(item);
-           var toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
-
-           var items = _this.moveItem(recents, fromIndex, toIndex);
-
-           if (items) setRecents(items);
-         };
-
-         _this.setMostRecent = function (preset) {
-           if (preset.searchable === false) return;
-
-           var items = _this.getRecents();
-
-           var item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
-
-           if (item) {
-             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
-           } else {
-             item = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
-           } // remove the last recent (first in, first out)
-
-
-           while (items.length >= MAXRECENTS) {
-             items.pop();
-           } // prepend array
-
-
-           items.unshift(item);
-           setRecents(items);
-         };
-
-         function setFavorites(items) {
-           _favorites = items;
-           var minifiedItems = items.map(function (d) {
-             return d.minified();
-           });
-           corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems)); // call update
-
-           dispatch$1.call('favoritePreset');
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TM",
+           iso1A3: "TKM",
+           iso1N3: "795",
+           wikidata: "Q874",
+           nameEn: "Turkmenistan",
+           groups: ["143", "142", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["993"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[60.5078, 41.21694], [60.06581, 41.4363], [60.18117, 41.60082], [60.06032, 41.76287], [60.08504, 41.80997], [60.33223, 41.75058], [59.95046, 41.97966], [60.0356, 42.01028], [60.04659, 42.08982], [59.96419, 42.1428], [60.00539, 42.212], [59.94633, 42.27655], [59.4341, 42.29738], [59.2955, 42.37064], [59.17317, 42.52248], [58.93422, 42.5407], [58.6266, 42.79314], [58.57991, 42.64988], [58.27504, 42.69632], [58.14321, 42.62159], [58.29427, 42.56497], [58.51674, 42.30348], [58.40688, 42.29535], [58.3492, 42.43335], [57.99214, 42.50021], [57.90975, 42.4374], [57.92897, 42.24047], [57.84932, 42.18555], [57.6296, 42.16519], [57.30275, 42.14076], [57.03633, 41.92043], [56.96218, 41.80383], [57.03359, 41.41777], [57.13796, 41.36625], [57.03423, 41.25435], [56.00314, 41.32584], [55.45471, 41.25609], [54.95182, 41.92424], [54.20635, 42.38477], [52.97575, 42.1308], [52.47884, 41.78034], [52.26048, 41.69249], [51.7708, 40.29239], [53.89734, 37.3464], [54.24565, 37.32047], [54.36211, 37.34912], [54.58664, 37.45809], [54.67247, 37.43532], [54.77822, 37.51597], [54.81804, 37.61285], [54.77684, 37.62264], [54.851, 37.75739], [55.13412, 37.94705], [55.44152, 38.08564], [55.76561, 38.12238], [55.97847, 38.08024], [56.33278, 38.08132], [56.32454, 38.18502], [56.43303, 38.26054], [56.62255, 38.24005], [56.73928, 38.27887], [57.03453, 38.18717], [57.21169, 38.28965], [57.37236, 38.09321], [57.35042, 37.98546], [57.79534, 37.89299], [58.21399, 37.77281], [58.22999, 37.6856], [58.39959, 37.63134], [58.47786, 37.6433], [58.5479, 37.70526], [58.6921, 37.64548], [58.9338, 37.67374], [59.22905, 37.51161], [59.33507, 37.53146], [59.39797, 37.47892], [59.39385, 37.34257], [59.55178, 37.13594], [59.74678, 37.12499], [60.00768, 37.04102], [60.34767, 36.63214], [61.14516, 36.64644], [61.18187, 36.55348], [61.1393, 36.38782], [61.22719, 36.12759], [61.12007, 35.95992], [61.22444, 35.92879], [61.26152, 35.80749], [61.22719, 35.67038], [61.27371, 35.61482], [61.58742, 35.43803], [61.77693, 35.41341], [61.97743, 35.4604], [62.05709, 35.43803], [62.15871, 35.33278], [62.29191, 35.25964], [62.29878, 35.13312], [62.48006, 35.28796], [62.62288, 35.22067], [62.74098, 35.25432], [62.90853, 35.37086], [63.0898, 35.43131], [63.12276, 35.53196], [63.10079, 35.63024], [63.23262, 35.67487], [63.10318, 35.81782], [63.12276, 35.86208], [63.29579, 35.85985], [63.53475, 35.90881], [63.56496, 35.95106], [63.98519, 36.03773], [64.05385, 36.10433], [64.43288, 36.24401], [64.57295, 36.34362], [64.62514, 36.44311], [64.61141, 36.6351], [64.97945, 37.21913], [65.51778, 37.23881], [65.64263, 37.34388], [65.64137, 37.45061], [65.72274, 37.55438], [66.30993, 37.32409], [66.55743, 37.35409], [66.52303, 37.39827], [66.65761, 37.45497], [66.52852, 37.58568], [66.53676, 37.80084], [66.67684, 37.96776], [66.56697, 38.0435], [66.41042, 38.02403], [66.24013, 38.16238], [65.83913, 38.25733], [65.55873, 38.29052], [64.32576, 38.98691], [64.19086, 38.95561], [63.70778, 39.22349], [63.6913, 39.27666], [62.43337, 39.98528], [62.34273, 40.43206], [62.11751, 40.58242], [61.87856, 41.12257], [61.4446, 41.29407], [61.39732, 41.19873], [61.33199, 41.14946], [61.22212, 41.14946], [61.03261, 41.25691], [60.5078, 41.21694]]]]
          }
-
-         _this.addFavorite = function (preset, besidePreset, after) {
-           var favorites = _this.getFavorites();
-
-           var beforeItem = _this.favoriteMatching(besidePreset);
-
-           var toIndex = favorites.indexOf(beforeItem);
-           if (after) toIndex += 1;
-           var newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite');
-           favorites.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
-           setFavorites(favorites);
-         };
-
-         _this.toggleFavorite = function (preset) {
-           var favs = _this.getFavorites();
-
-           var favorite = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
-
-           if (favorite) {
-             favs.splice(favs.indexOf(favorite), 1);
-           } else {
-             // only allow 10 favorites
-             if (favs.length === 10) {
-               // remove the last favorite (last in, first out)
-               favs.pop();
-             } // append array
-
-
-             favs.push(RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite'));
-           }
-
-           setFavorites(favs);
-         };
-
-         _this.removeFavorite = function (preset) {
-           var item = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
-
-           if (item) {
-             var items = _this.getFavorites();
-
-             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
-             setFavorites(items);
-           }
-         };
-
-         _this.getFavorites = function () {
-           if (!_favorites) {
-             // fetch from local storage
-             var rawFavorites = JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_favorites'));
-
-             if (!rawFavorites) {
-               rawFavorites = [];
-               corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(rawFavorites));
-             }
-
-             _favorites = rawFavorites.reduce(function (output, d) {
-               var item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'favorite');
-               if (item && item.preset.addable()) output.push(item);
-               return output;
-             }, []);
-           }
-
-           return _favorites;
-         };
-
-         _this.favoriteMatching = function (preset) {
-           var favs = _this.getFavorites();
-
-           for (var index in favs) {
-             if (favs[index].matches(preset)) {
-               return favs[index];
-             }
-           }
-
-           return null;
-         };
-
-         return utilRebind(_this, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       function utilTagText(entity) {
-         var obj = entity && entity.tags || {};
-         return Object.keys(obj).map(function (k) {
-           return k + '=' + obj[k];
-         }).join(', ');
-       }
-       function utilTotalExtent(array, graph) {
-         var extent = geoExtent();
-         var val, entity;
-
-         for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
-           val = array[i];
-           entity = typeof val === 'string' ? graph.hasEntity(val) : val;
-
-           if (entity) {
-             extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
-           }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TN",
+           iso1A3: "TUN",
+           iso1N3: "788",
+           wikidata: "Q948",
+           nameEn: "Tunisia",
+           groups: ["015", "002", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["216"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[11.2718, 37.6713], [7.89009, 38.19924], [8.59123, 37.14286], [8.64044, 36.9401], [8.62972, 36.86499], [8.67706, 36.8364], [8.57613, 36.78062], [8.46537, 36.7706], [8.47609, 36.66607], [8.16167, 36.48817], [8.18936, 36.44939], [8.40731, 36.42208], [8.2626, 35.91733], [8.26472, 35.73669], [8.35371, 35.66373], [8.36086, 35.47774], [8.30329, 35.29884], [8.47318, 35.23376], [8.3555, 35.10007], [8.30727, 34.95378], [8.25189, 34.92009], [8.29655, 34.72798], [8.20482, 34.57575], [7.86264, 34.3987], [7.81242, 34.21841], [7.74207, 34.16492], [7.66174, 34.20167], [7.52851, 34.06493], [7.54088, 33.7726], [7.73687, 33.42114], [7.83028, 33.18851], [8.11433, 33.10175], [8.1179, 33.05086], [8.31895, 32.83483], [8.35999, 32.50101], [9.07483, 32.07865], [9.55544, 30.23971], [9.76848, 30.34366], [9.88152, 30.34074], [10.29516, 30.90337], [10.12239, 31.42098], [10.31364, 31.72648], [10.48497, 31.72956], [10.62788, 31.96629], [10.7315, 31.97235], [11.04234, 32.2145], [11.53898, 32.4138], [11.57828, 32.48013], [11.46037, 32.6307], [11.51549, 33.09826], [11.55852, 33.1409], [11.58941, 33.36891], [11.2718, 37.6713]]]]
          }
-
-         return extent;
-       }
-       function utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags) {
-         var tagDiff = [];
-         var keys = utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(oldTags), Object.keys(newTags)).sort();
-         keys.forEach(function (k) {
-           var oldVal = oldTags[k];
-           var newVal = newTags[k];
-
-           if ((oldVal || oldVal === '') && (newVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
-             tagDiff.push({
-               type: '-',
-               key: k,
-               oldVal: oldVal,
-               newVal: newVal,
-               display: '- ' + k + '=' + oldVal
-             });
-           }
-
-           if ((newVal || newVal === '') && (oldVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
-             tagDiff.push({
-               type: '+',
-               key: k,
-               oldVal: oldVal,
-               newVal: newVal,
-               display: '+ ' + k + '=' + newVal
-             });
-           }
-         });
-         return tagDiff;
-       }
-       function utilEntitySelector(ids) {
-         return ids.length ? '.' + ids.join(',.') : 'nothing';
-       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
-       //  - entityIDs passed in
-       //  - shallow descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
-
-       function utilEntityOrMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
-         var seen = new Set(ids);
-         ids.forEach(collectShallowDescendants);
-         return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(seen));
-
-         function collectShallowDescendants(id) {
-           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-           if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
-           entity.members.map(function (member) {
-             return member.id;
-           }).forEach(function (id) {
-             seen.add(id);
-           });
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TO",
+           iso1A3: "TON",
+           iso1N3: "776",
+           wikidata: "Q678",
+           nameEn: "Tonga",
+           groups: ["061", "009", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["676"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-176.74538, -22.89767], [-180, -22.90585], [-180, -24.21376], [-173.10761, -24.19665], [-173.13438, -14.94228], [-176.76826, -14.95183], [-176.74538, -22.89767]]]]
          }
-       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
-       //  - entityIDs passed in
-       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
-
-       function utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
-         return utilEntitySelector(utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph));
-       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
-       //  - entityIDs passed in
-       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
-
-       function utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph) {
-         var seen = new Set();
-         ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
-         return Array.from(seen);
-
-         function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
-           if (seen.has(id)) return;
-           seen.add(id);
-           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-           if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
-           entity.members.map(function (member) {
-             return member.id;
-           }).forEach(collectDeepDescendants); // recurse
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TR",
+           iso1A3: "TUR",
+           iso1N3: "792",
+           wikidata: "Q43",
+           nameEn: "Turkey",
+           groups: ["145", "142", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["90"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[41.54366, 41.52185], [40.89217, 41.72528], [34.8305, 42.4581], [28.32297, 41.98371], [28.02971, 41.98066], [27.91479, 41.97902], [27.83492, 41.99709], [27.81235, 41.94803], [27.69949, 41.97515], [27.55191, 41.90928], [27.52379, 41.93756], [27.45478, 41.96591], [27.27411, 42.10409], [27.22376, 42.10152], [27.19251, 42.06028], [27.08486, 42.08735], [27.03277, 42.0809], [26.95638, 42.00741], [26.79143, 41.97386], [26.62996, 41.97644], [26.56051, 41.92995], [26.57961, 41.90024], [26.53968, 41.82653], [26.36952, 41.82265], [26.33589, 41.76802], [26.32952, 41.73637], [26.35957, 41.71149], [26.47958, 41.67037], [26.5209, 41.62592], [26.59196, 41.60491], [26.59742, 41.48058], [26.61767, 41.42281], [26.62997, 41.34613], [26.5837, 41.32131], [26.5209, 41.33993], [26.39861, 41.25053], [26.32259, 41.24929], [26.31928, 41.07386], [26.3606, 41.02027], [26.33297, 40.98388], [26.35894, 40.94292], [26.32259, 40.94042], [26.28623, 40.93005], [26.29441, 40.89119], [26.26169, 40.9168], [26.20856, 40.86048], [26.21351, 40.83298], [26.15685, 40.80709], [26.12854, 40.77339], [26.12495, 40.74283], [26.08638, 40.73214], [26.0754, 40.72772], [26.03489, 40.73051], [25.94795, 40.72797], [26.04292, 40.3958], [25.61285, 40.17161], [25.94257, 39.39358], [26.43357, 39.43096], [26.70773, 39.0312], [26.61814, 38.81372], [26.21136, 38.65436], [26.32173, 38.48731], [26.24183, 38.44695], [26.21136, 38.17558], [27.05537, 37.9131], [27.16428, 37.72343], [26.99377, 37.69034], [26.95583, 37.64989], [27.14757, 37.32], [27.20312, 36.94571], [27.45627, 36.9008], [27.24613, 36.71622], [27.46117, 36.53789], [27.89482, 36.69898], [27.95037, 36.46155], [28.23708, 36.56812], [29.30783, 36.01033], [29.48192, 36.18377], [29.61002, 36.1731], [29.61805, 36.14179], [29.69611, 36.10365], [29.73302, 35.92555], [32.82353, 35.70297], [35.51152, 36.10954], [35.931, 35.92109], [35.98499, 35.94107], [36.00514, 35.94113], [36.01844, 35.92403], [35.99829, 35.88242], [36.11827, 35.85923], [36.13919, 35.83692], [36.14029, 35.81015], [36.1623, 35.80925], [36.17441, 35.92076], [36.19973, 35.95195], [36.25366, 35.96264], [36.27678, 35.94839], [36.29769, 35.96086], [36.28338, 36.00273], [36.30099, 36.00985], [36.33956, 35.98687], [36.37474, 36.01163], [36.39206, 36.22088], [36.4617, 36.20461], [36.50463, 36.2419], [36.6125, 36.22592], [36.68672, 36.23677], [36.65653, 36.33861], [36.6081, 36.33772], [36.54206, 36.49539], [36.58829, 36.58295], [36.57398, 36.65186], [36.62681, 36.71189], [36.61581, 36.74629], [36.66727, 36.82901], [36.99557, 36.75997], [36.99886, 36.74012], [37.04399, 36.73483], [37.04619, 36.71101], [37.01647, 36.69512], [37.02088, 36.66422], [37.08279, 36.63495], [37.10894, 36.6704], [37.16177, 36.66069], [37.21988, 36.6736], [37.47253, 36.63243], [37.49103, 36.66904], [37.68048, 36.75065], [37.81974, 36.76055], [38.21064, 36.91842], [38.38859, 36.90064], [38.55908, 36.84429], [38.74042, 36.70629], [39.03217, 36.70911], [39.21538, 36.66834], [39.81589, 36.75538], [40.69136, 37.0996], [40.90856, 37.13147], [41.21937, 37.07665], [41.515, 37.08084], [42.00894, 37.17209], [42.18225, 37.28569], [42.19301, 37.31323], [42.2112, 37.32491], [42.22257, 37.31395], [42.22381, 37.30238], [42.20454, 37.28715], [42.21548, 37.28026], [42.23683, 37.2863], [42.26039, 37.27017], [42.2824, 37.2798], [42.34735, 37.22548], [42.32313, 37.17814], [42.35724, 37.10998], [42.56725, 37.14878], [42.78887, 37.38615], [42.93705, 37.32015], [43.11403, 37.37436], [43.30083, 37.30629], [43.33508, 37.33105], [43.50787, 37.24436], [43.56702, 37.25675], [43.63085, 37.21957], [43.7009, 37.23692], [43.8052, 37.22825], [43.82699, 37.19477], [43.84878, 37.22205], [43.90949, 37.22453], [44.02002, 37.33229], [44.13521, 37.32486], [44.2613, 37.25055], [44.27998, 37.16501], [44.22239, 37.15756], [44.18503, 37.09551], [44.25975, 36.98119], [44.30645, 36.97373], [44.35937, 37.02843], [44.35315, 37.04955], [44.38117, 37.05825], [44.42631, 37.05825], [44.63179, 37.19229], [44.76698, 37.16162], [44.78319, 37.1431], [44.7868, 37.16644], [44.75986, 37.21549], [44.81021, 37.2915], [44.58449, 37.45018], [44.61401, 37.60165], [44.56887, 37.6429], [44.62096, 37.71985], [44.55498, 37.783], [44.45948, 37.77065], [44.3883, 37.85433], [44.22509, 37.88859], [44.42476, 38.25763], [44.50115, 38.33939], [44.44386, 38.38295], [44.38309, 38.36117], [44.3119, 38.37887], [44.3207, 38.49799], [44.32058, 38.62752], [44.28065, 38.6465], [44.26155, 38.71427], [44.30322, 38.81581], [44.18863, 38.93881], [44.20946, 39.13975], [44.1043, 39.19842], [44.03667, 39.39223], [44.22452, 39.4169], [44.29818, 39.378], [44.37921, 39.4131], [44.42832, 39.4131], [44.41849, 39.56659], [44.48111, 39.61579], [44.47298, 39.68788], [44.6137, 39.78393], [44.65422, 39.72163], [44.71806, 39.71124], [44.81043, 39.62677], [44.80977, 39.65768], [44.75779, 39.7148], [44.61845, 39.8281], [44.46635, 39.97733], [44.26973, 40.04866], [44.1778, 40.02845], [44.1057, 40.03555], [43.92307, 40.01787], [43.65688, 40.11199], [43.65221, 40.14889], [43.71136, 40.16673], [43.59928, 40.34019], [43.60862, 40.43267], [43.54791, 40.47413], [43.63664, 40.54159], [43.7425, 40.66805], [43.74872, 40.7365], [43.67712, 40.84846], [43.67712, 40.93084], [43.58683, 40.98961], [43.47319, 41.02251], [43.44984, 41.0988], [43.4717, 41.12611], [43.44973, 41.17666], [43.36118, 41.2028], [43.23096, 41.17536], [43.1945, 41.25242], [43.13373, 41.25503], [43.21707, 41.30331], [43.02956, 41.37891], [42.8785, 41.50516], [42.84899, 41.47265], [42.78995, 41.50126], [42.84471, 41.58912], [42.72794, 41.59714], [42.59202, 41.58183], [42.51772, 41.43606], [42.26387, 41.49346], [41.95134, 41.52466], [41.81939, 41.43621], [41.7124, 41.47417], [41.7148, 41.4932], [41.54366, 41.52185]]]]
          }
-       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
-       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
-
-       function utilDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph, skipMultipolgonMembers) {
-         var idsSet = new Set(ids);
-         var seen = new Set();
-         var returners = new Set();
-         ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
-         return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(returners));
-
-         function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
-           if (seen.has(id)) return;
-           seen.add(id);
-
-           if (!idsSet.has(id)) {
-             returners.add(id);
-           }
-
-           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-           if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
-           if (skipMultipolgonMembers && entity.isMultipolygon()) return;
-           entity.members.map(function (member) {
-             return member.id;
-           }).forEach(collectDeepDescendants); // recurse
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TT",
+           iso1A3: "TTO",
+           iso1N3: "780",
+           wikidata: "Q754",
+           nameEn: "Trinidad and Tobago",
+           groups: ["029", "003", "419", "019", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["1 868"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-61.62505, 11.18974], [-62.08693, 10.04435], [-60.89962, 9.81445], [-60.07172, 11.77667], [-61.62505, 11.18974]]]]
          }
-       } // Adds or removes highlight styling for the specified entities
-
-       function utilHighlightEntities(ids, highlighted, context) {
-         context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, context.graph())).classed('highlighted', highlighted);
-       } // returns an Array that is the union of:
-       //  - nodes for any nodeIDs passed in
-       //  - child nodes of any wayIDs passed in
-       //  - descendant member and child nodes of relationIDs passed in
-
-       function utilGetAllNodes(ids, graph) {
-         var seen = new Set();
-         var nodes = new Set();
-         ids.forEach(collectNodes);
-         return Array.from(nodes);
-
-         function collectNodes(id) {
-           if (seen.has(id)) return;
-           seen.add(id);
-           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-           if (!entity) return;
-
-           if (entity.type === 'node') {
-             nodes.add(entity);
-           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-             entity.nodes.forEach(collectNodes);
-           } else {
-             entity.members.map(function (member) {
-               return member.id;
-             }).forEach(collectNodes); // recurse
-           }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TV",
+           iso1A3: "TUV",
+           iso1N3: "798",
+           wikidata: "Q672",
+           nameEn: "Tuvalu",
+           groups: ["061", "009", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["688"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[174, -5], [174, -11.5], [179.99999, -11.5], [179.99999, -5], [174, -5]]]]
          }
-       }
-       function utilDisplayName(entity) {
-         var localizedNameKey = 'name:' + _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
-         var name = entity.tags[localizedNameKey] || entity.tags.name || '';
-         var network = entity.tags.cycle_network || entity.tags.network;
-
-         if (!name && entity.tags.ref) {
-           name = entity.tags.ref;
-
-           if (network) {
-             name = network + ' ' + name;
-           }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TW",
+           iso1A3: "TWN",
+           iso1N3: "158",
+           wikidata: "Q865",
+           nameEn: "Taiwan",
+           aliases: ["RC"],
+           groups: ["030", "142"],
+           callingCodes: ["886"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[121.8109, 21.77688], [122.26612, 25.98197], [120.49232, 25.22863], [118.56434, 24.49266], [118.42453, 24.54644], [118.35291, 24.51645], [118.28244, 24.51231], [118.11703, 24.39734], [120.69238, 21.52331], [121.8109, 21.77688]]]]
          }
-
-         return name;
-       }
-       function utilDisplayNameForPath(entity) {
-         var name = utilDisplayName(entity);
-         var isFirefox = utilDetect().browser.toLowerCase().indexOf('firefox') > -1;
-
-         if (!isFirefox && name && rtlRegex.test(name)) {
-           name = fixRTLTextForSvg(name);
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "TZ",
+           iso1A3: "TZA",
+           iso1N3: "834",
+           wikidata: "Q924",
+           nameEn: "Tanzania",
+           groups: ["014", "202", "002", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["255"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[30.80408, -0.99911], [30.76635, -0.9852], [30.70631, -1.01175], [30.64166, -1.06601], [30.47194, -1.0555], [30.45116, -1.10641], [30.50889, -1.16412], [30.57123, -1.33264], [30.71974, -1.43244], [30.84079, -1.64652], [30.80802, -1.91477], [30.89303, -2.08223], [30.83915, -2.35795], [30.54501, -2.41404], [30.41789, -2.66266], [30.52747, -2.65841], [30.40662, -2.86151], [30.4987, -2.9573], [30.57926, -2.89791], [30.6675, -2.98987], [30.83823, -2.97837], [30.84165, -3.25152], [30.45915, -3.56532], [30.22042, -4.01738], [30.03323, -4.26631], [29.88172, -4.35743], [29.82885, -4.36153], [29.77289, -4.41733], [29.75109, -4.45836], [29.63827, -4.44681], [29.43673, -4.44845], [29.52552, -6.2731], [30.2567, -7.14121], [30.79243, -8.27382], [31.00796, -8.58615], [31.37533, -8.60769], [31.57147, -8.70619], [31.57147, -8.81388], [31.71158, -8.91386], [31.81587, -8.88618], [31.94663, -8.93846], [31.94196, -9.02303], [31.98866, -9.07069], [32.08206, -9.04609], [32.16146, -9.05993], [32.25486, -9.13371], [32.43543, -9.11988], [32.49147, -9.14754], [32.53661, -9.24281], [32.75611, -9.28583], [32.76233, -9.31963], [32.95389, -9.40138], [32.99397, -9.36712], [33.14925, -9.49322], [33.31581, -9.48554], [33.48052, -9.62442], [33.76677, -9.58516], [33.93298, -9.71647], [33.9638, -9.62206], [33.95829, -9.54066], [34.03865, -9.49398], [34.54499, -10.0678], [34.51911, -10.12279], [34.57581, -10.56271], [34.65946, -10.6828], [34.67047, -10.93796], [34.61161, -11.01611], [34.63305, -11.11731], [34.79375, -11.32245], [34.91153, -11.39799], [34.96296, -11.57354], [35.63599, -11.55927], [35.82767, -11.41081], [36.19094, -11.57593], [36.19094, -11.70008], [36.62068, -11.72884], [36.80309, -11.56836], [37.3936, -11.68949], [37.76614, -11.53352], [37.8388, -11.3123], [37.93618, -11.26228], [38.21598, -11.27289], [38.47258, -11.4199], [38.88996, -11.16978], [39.24395, -11.17433], [39.58249, -10.96043], [40.00295, -10.80255], [40.44265, -10.4618], [40.74206, -10.25691], [40.14328, -4.64201], [39.62121, -4.68136], [39.44306, -4.93877], [39.21631, -4.67835], [37.81321, -3.69179], [37.75036, -3.54243], [37.63099, -3.50723], [37.5903, -3.42735], [37.71745, -3.304], [37.67199, -3.06222], [34.0824, -1.02264], [34.03084, -1.05101], [34.02286, -1.00779], [33.93107, -0.99298], [30.80408, -0.99911]]]]
          }
-
-         return name;
-       }
-       function utilDisplayType(id) {
-         return {
-           n: _t('inspector.node'),
-           w: _t('inspector.way'),
-           r: _t('inspector.relation')
-         }[id.charAt(0)];
-       }
-       function utilDisplayLabel(entity, graphOrGeometry) {
-         var displayName = utilDisplayName(entity);
-
-         if (displayName) {
-           // use the display name if there is one
-           return displayName;
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "UA",
+           iso1A3: "UKR",
+           iso1N3: "804",
+           wikidata: "Q212",
+           nameEn: "Ukraine",
+           groups: ["151", "150", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["380"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[33.57318, 46.10317], [33.61467, 46.13561], [33.63854, 46.14147], [33.61517, 46.22615], [33.646, 46.23028], [33.74047, 46.18555], [33.79715, 46.20482], [33.85234, 46.19863], [33.91549, 46.15938], [34.05272, 46.10838], [34.07311, 46.11769], [34.12929, 46.10494], [34.181, 46.06804], [34.25111, 46.0532], [34.33912, 46.06114], [34.41221, 46.00245], [34.44155, 45.95995], [34.48729, 45.94267], [34.52011, 45.95097], [34.55889, 45.99347], [34.60861, 45.99347], [34.66679, 45.97136], [34.75479, 45.90705], [34.80153, 45.90047], [34.79905, 45.81009], [34.96015, 45.75634], [35.23066, 45.79231], [37.62608, 46.82615], [38.12112, 46.86078], [38.3384, 46.98085], [38.22955, 47.12069], [38.23049, 47.2324], [38.32112, 47.2585], [38.33074, 47.30508], [38.22225, 47.30788], [38.28954, 47.39255], [38.28679, 47.53552], [38.35062, 47.61631], [38.76379, 47.69346], [38.79628, 47.81109], [38.87979, 47.87719], [39.73935, 47.82876], [39.82213, 47.96396], [39.77544, 48.04206], [39.88256, 48.04482], [39.83724, 48.06501], [39.94847, 48.22811], [40.00752, 48.22445], [39.99241, 48.31768], [39.97325, 48.31399], [39.9693, 48.29904], [39.95248, 48.29972], [39.91465, 48.26743], [39.90041, 48.3049], [39.84273, 48.30947], [39.84136, 48.33321], [39.94847, 48.35055], [39.88794, 48.44226], [39.86196, 48.46633], [39.84548, 48.57821], [39.79764, 48.58668], [39.67226, 48.59368], [39.71765, 48.68673], [39.73104, 48.7325], [39.79466, 48.83739], [39.97182, 48.79398], [40.08168, 48.87443], [40.03636, 48.91957], [39.98967, 48.86901], [39.78368, 48.91596], [39.74874, 48.98675], [39.72649, 48.9754], [39.71353, 48.98959], [39.6683, 48.99454], [39.6836, 49.05121], [39.93437, 49.05709], [40.01988, 49.1761], [40.22176, 49.25683], [40.18331, 49.34996], [40.14912, 49.37681], [40.1141, 49.38798], [40.03087, 49.45452], [40.03636, 49.52321], [40.16683, 49.56865], [40.13249, 49.61672], [39.84548, 49.56064], [39.65047, 49.61761], [39.59142, 49.73758], [39.44496, 49.76067], [39.27968, 49.75976], [39.1808, 49.88911], [38.9391, 49.79524], [38.90477, 49.86787], [38.73311, 49.90238], [38.68677, 50.00904], [38.65688, 49.97176], [38.35408, 50.00664], [38.32524, 50.08866], [38.18517, 50.08161], [38.21675, 49.98104], [38.02999, 49.90592], [38.02999, 49.94482], [37.90776, 50.04194], [37.79515, 50.08425], [37.75807, 50.07896], [37.61113, 50.21976], [37.62879, 50.24481], [37.62486, 50.29966], [37.47243, 50.36277], [37.48204, 50.46079], [37.08468, 50.34935], [36.91762, 50.34963], [36.69377, 50.26982], [36.64571, 50.218], [36.56655, 50.2413], [36.58371, 50.28563], [36.47817, 50.31457], [36.30101, 50.29088], [36.20763, 50.3943], [36.06893, 50.45205], [35.8926, 50.43829], [35.80388, 50.41356], [35.73659, 50.35489], [35.61711, 50.35707], [35.58003, 50.45117], [35.47463, 50.49247], [35.39464, 50.64751], [35.48116, 50.66405], [35.47704, 50.77274], [35.41367, 50.80227], [35.39307, 50.92145], [35.32598, 50.94524], [35.40837, 51.04119], [35.31774, 51.08434], [35.20375, 51.04723], [35.12685, 51.16191], [35.14058, 51.23162], [34.97304, 51.2342], [34.82472, 51.17483], [34.6874, 51.18], [34.6613, 51.25053], [34.38802, 51.2746], [34.31661, 51.23936], [34.23009, 51.26429], [34.33446, 51.363], [34.22048, 51.4187], [34.30562, 51.5205], [34.17599, 51.63253], [34.07765, 51.67065], [34.42922, 51.72852], [34.41136, 51.82793], [34.09413, 52.00835], [34.11199, 52.14087], [34.05239, 52.20132], [33.78789, 52.37204], [33.55718, 52.30324], [33.48027, 52.31499], [33.51323, 52.35779], [33.18913, 52.3754], [32.89937, 52.2461], [32.85405, 52.27888], [32.69475, 52.25535], [32.54781, 52.32423], [32.3528, 52.32842], [32.38988, 52.24946], [32.33083, 52.23685], [32.34044, 52.1434], [32.2777, 52.10266], [32.23331, 52.08085], [32.08813, 52.03319], [31.92159, 52.05144], [31.96141, 52.08015], [31.85018, 52.11305], [31.81722, 52.09955], [31.7822, 52.11406], [31.38326, 52.12991], [31.25142, 52.04131], [31.13332, 52.1004], [30.95589, 52.07775], [30.90897, 52.00699], [30.76443, 51.89739], [30.68804, 51.82806], [30.51946, 51.59649], [30.64992, 51.35014], [30.56203, 51.25655], [30.36153, 51.33984], [30.34642, 51.42555], [30.17888, 51.51025], [29.77376, 51.4461], [29.7408, 51.53417], [29.54372, 51.48372], [29.49773, 51.39814], [29.42357, 51.4187], [29.32881, 51.37843], [29.25191, 51.49828], [29.25603, 51.57089], [29.20659, 51.56918], [29.16402, 51.64679], [29.1187, 51.65872], [28.99098, 51.56833], [28.95528, 51.59222], [28.81795, 51.55552], [28.76027, 51.48802], [28.78224, 51.45294], [28.75615, 51.41442], [28.73143, 51.46236], [28.69161, 51.44695], [28.64429, 51.5664], [28.47051, 51.59734], [28.37592, 51.54505], [28.23452, 51.66988], [28.10658, 51.57857], [27.95827, 51.56065], [27.91844, 51.61952], [27.85253, 51.62293], [27.76052, 51.47604], [27.67125, 51.50854], [27.71932, 51.60672], [27.55727, 51.63486], [27.51058, 51.5854], [27.47212, 51.61184], [27.24828, 51.60161], [27.26613, 51.65957], [27.20948, 51.66713], [27.20602, 51.77291], [26.99422, 51.76933], [26.9489, 51.73788], [26.80043, 51.75777], [26.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          }
-
-         var preset = typeof graphOrGeometry === 'string' ? _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(entity.tags, graphOrGeometry) : _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graphOrGeometry);
-
-         if (preset && preset.name()) {
-           // use the preset name if there is a match
-           return preset.name();
-         } // fallback to the display type (node/way/relation)
-
-
-         return utilDisplayType(entity.id);
-       }
-       function utilEntityRoot(entityType) {
-         return {
-           node: 'n',
-           way: 'w',
-           relation: 'r'
-         }[entityType];
-       } // Returns a single object containing the tags of all the given entities.
-       // Example:
-       // {
-       //   highway: 'service',
-       //   service: 'parking_aisle'
-       // }
-       //           +
-       // {
-       //   highway: 'service',
-       //   service: 'driveway',
-       //   width: '3'
-       // }
-       //           =
-       // {
-       //   highway: 'service',
-       //   service: [ 'driveway', 'parking_aisle' ],
-       //   width: [ '3', undefined ]
-       // }
-
-       function utilCombinedTags(entityIDs, graph) {
-         var tags = {};
-         var tagCounts = {};
-         var allKeys = new Set();
-         var entities = entityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
-           return graph.hasEntity(entityID);
-         }).filter(Boolean); // gather the aggregate keys
-
-         entities.forEach(function (entity) {
-           var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(Boolean);
-           keys.forEach(function (key) {
-             allKeys.add(key);
-           });
-         });
-         entities.forEach(function (entity) {
-           allKeys.forEach(function (key) {
-             var value = entity.tags[key]; // purposely allow `undefined`
-
-             if (!tags.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
-               // first value, set as raw
-               tags[key] = value;
-             } else {
-               if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) {
-                 if (tags[key] !== value) {
-                   // first alternate value, replace single value with array
-                   tags[key] = [tags[key], value];
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 // type is array
-                 if (tags[key].indexOf(value) === -1) {
-                   // subsequent alternate value, add to array
-                   tags[key].push(value);
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-
-             var tagHash = key + '=' + value;
-             if (!tagCounts[tagHash]) tagCounts[tagHash] = 0;
-             tagCounts[tagHash] += 1;
-           });
-         });
-
-         for (var key in tags) {
-           if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) continue; // sort values by frequency then alphabetically
-
-           tags[key] = tags[key].sort(function (val1, val2) {
-             var key = key; // capture
-
-             var count2 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val2];
-             var count1 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val1];
-
-             if (count2 !== count1) {
-               return count2 - count1;
-             }
-
-             if (val2 && val1) {
-               return val1.localeCompare(val2);
-             }
-
-             return val1 ? 1 : -1;
-           });
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "UG",
+           iso1A3: "UGA",
+           iso1N3: "800",
+           wikidata: "Q1036",
+           nameEn: "Uganda",
+           groups: ["014", "202", "002", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["256"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
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+           wikidata: "Q35555",
+           nameEn: "Wallis and Futuna",
+           country: "FR",
+           groups: ["Q1451600", "061", "009", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["681"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-178.66551, -14.32452], [-176.76826, -14.95183], [-175.59809, -12.61507], [-178.66551, -14.32452]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "WS",
+           iso1A3: "WSM",
+           iso1N3: "882",
+           wikidata: "Q683",
+           nameEn: "Samoa",
+           groups: ["061", "009", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["685"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-173.74402, -14.26669], [-170.99605, -15.1275], [-171.39864, -10.21587], [-173.74402, -14.26669]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "XK",
+           iso1A3: "XKX",
+           wikidata: "Q1246",
+           nameEn: "Kosovo",
+           aliases: ["KV"],
+           groups: ["039", "150"],
+           isoStatus: "usrAssn",
+           callingCodes: ["383"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[21.39045, 42.74888], [21.44047, 42.87276], [21.36941, 42.87397], [21.32974, 42.90424], [21.2719, 42.8994], [21.23534, 42.95523], [21.23877, 43.00848], [21.2041, 43.02277], [21.16734, 42.99694], [21.14465, 43.11089], [21.08952, 43.13471], [21.05378, 43.10707], [21.00749, 43.13984], [20.96287, 43.12416], [20.83727, 43.17842], [20.88685, 43.21697], [20.82145, 43.26769], [20.73811, 43.25068], [20.68688, 43.21335], [20.59929, 43.20492], [20.69515, 43.09641], [20.64557, 43.00826], [20.59929, 43.01067], [20.48692, 42.93208], [20.53484, 42.8885], [20.43734, 42.83157], [20.40594, 42.84853], [20.35692, 42.8335], [20.27869, 42.81945], [20.2539, 42.76245], [20.04898, 42.77701], [20.02088, 42.74789], [20.02915, 42.71147], [20.0969, 42.65559], [20.07761, 42.55582], [20.17127, 42.50469], [20.21797, 42.41237], [20.24399, 42.32168], [20.34479, 42.32656], [20.3819, 42.3029], [20.48857, 42.25444], [20.56955, 42.12097], [20.55633, 42.08173], [20.59434, 42.03879], [20.63069, 41.94913], [20.57946, 41.91593], [20.59524, 41.8818], [20.68523, 41.85318], [20.76786, 41.91839], [20.75464, 42.05229], [21.11491, 42.20794], [21.16614, 42.19815], [21.22728, 42.08909], [21.31983, 42.10993], [21.29913, 42.13954], [21.30496, 42.1418], [21.38428, 42.24465], [21.43882, 42.23609], [21.43882, 42.2789], [21.50823, 42.27156], [21.52145, 42.24465], [21.58992, 42.25915], [21.56772, 42.30946], [21.5264, 42.33634], [21.53467, 42.36809], [21.57021, 42.3647], [21.59029, 42.38042], [21.62887, 42.37664], [21.64209, 42.41081], [21.62556, 42.45106], [21.7035, 42.51899], [21.70522, 42.54176], [21.7327, 42.55041], [21.75672, 42.62695], [21.79413, 42.65923], [21.75025, 42.70125], [21.6626, 42.67813], [21.58755, 42.70418], [21.59154, 42.72643], [21.47498, 42.74695], [21.39045, 42.74888]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "YE",
+           iso1A3: "YEM",
+           iso1N3: "887",
+           wikidata: "Q805",
+           nameEn: "Yemen",
+           groups: ["145", "142", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["967"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[57.49095, 8.14549], [52.81185, 17.28568], [52.74267, 17.29519], [52.78009, 17.35124], [52.00311, 19.00083], [49.04884, 18.59899], [48.19996, 18.20584], [47.58351, 17.50366], [47.48245, 17.10808], [47.00571, 16.94765], [46.76494, 17.29151], [46.31018, 17.20464], [44.50126, 17.47475], [43.70631, 17.35762], [43.43005, 17.56148], [43.29185, 17.53224], [43.22533, 17.38343], [43.32653, 17.31179], [43.20156, 17.25901], [43.17787, 17.14717], [43.23967, 17.03428], [43.18233, 17.02673], [43.1813, 16.98438], [43.19328, 16.94703], [43.1398, 16.90696], [43.18338, 16.84852], [43.22012, 16.83932], [43.22956, 16.80613], [43.24801, 16.80613], [43.26303, 16.79479], [43.25857, 16.75304], [43.21325, 16.74416], [43.22066, 16.65179], [43.15274, 16.67248], [43.11601, 16.53166], [42.97215, 16.51093], [42.94351, 16.49467], [42.94625, 16.39721], [42.76801, 16.40371], [42.15205, 16.40211], [40.99158, 15.81743], [43.29075, 12.79154], [43.32909, 12.59711], [43.90659, 12.3823], [51.12877, 12.56479], [57.49095, 8.14549]]]]
          }
-
-         return tags;
-       }
-       function utilStringQs(str) {
-         var i = 0; // advance past any leading '?' or '#' characters
-
-         while (i < str.length && (str[i] === '?' || str[i] === '#')) {
-           i++;
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "YT",
+           iso1A3: "MYT",
+           iso1N3: "175",
+           wikidata: "Q17063",
+           nameEn: "Mayotte",
+           country: "FR",
+           groups: ["Q3320166", "EU", "014", "202", "002", "UN"],
+           callingCodes: ["262"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[43.28731, -13.97126], [45.54824, -13.22353], [45.4971, -11.75965], [43.28731, -13.97126]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "ZA",
+           iso1A3: "ZAF",
+           iso1N3: "710",
+           wikidata: "Q258",
+           nameEn: "South Africa",
+           groups: ["018", "202", "002", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["27"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
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+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "ZM",
+           iso1A3: "ZMB",
+           iso1N3: "894",
+           wikidata: "Q953",
+           nameEn: "Zambia",
+           groups: ["014", "202", "002", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["260"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[32.95389, -9.40138], [32.76233, -9.31963], [32.75611, -9.28583], [32.53661, -9.24281], [32.49147, -9.14754], [32.43543, -9.11988], [32.25486, -9.13371], [32.16146, -9.05993], [32.08206, -9.04609], [31.98866, -9.07069], [31.94196, -9.02303], [31.94663, -8.93846], [31.81587, -8.88618], [31.71158, -8.91386], [31.57147, -8.81388], [31.57147, -8.70619], [31.37533, -8.60769], [31.00796, -8.58615], [30.79243, -8.27382], [28.88917, -8.4831], [28.9711, -8.66935], [28.38526, -9.23393], [28.36562, -9.30091], [28.52636, -9.35379], [28.51627, -9.44726], [28.56208, -9.49122], [28.68532, -9.78], [28.62795, -9.92942], [28.65032, -10.65133], [28.37241, -11.57848], [28.48357, -11.87532], [29.18592, -12.37921], [29.4992, -12.43843], [29.48404, -12.23604], [29.8139, -12.14898], [29.81551, -13.44683], [29.65078, -13.41844], [29.60531, -13.21685], [29.01918, -13.41353], [28.33199, -12.41375], [27.59932, -12.22123], [27.21025, -11.76157], [27.22541, -11.60323], [27.04351, -11.61312], [26.88687, -12.01868], [26.01777, -11.91488], [25.33058, -11.65767], [25.34069, -11.19707], [24.42612, -11.44975], [24.34528, -11.06816], [24.00027, -10.89356], [24.02603, -11.15368], [23.98804, -12.13149], [24.06672, -12.29058], [23.90937, -12.844], [24.03339, -12.99091], [21.97988, -13.00148], [22.00323, -16.18028], [22.17217, -16.50269], [23.20038, -17.47563], [23.47474, -17.62877], [24.23619, -17.47489], [24.32811, -17.49082], [24.38712, -17.46818], [24.5621, -17.52963], [24.70864, -17.49501], [25.00198, -17.58221], [25.26433, -17.79571], [25.51646, -17.86232], [25.6827, -17.81987], [25.85738, -17.91403], [25.85892, -17.97726], [26.08925, -17.98168], [26.0908, -17.93021], [26.21601, -17.88608], [26.55918, -17.99638], [26.68403, -18.07411], [26.74314, -18.0199], [26.89926, -17.98756], [27.14196, -17.81398], [27.30736, -17.60487], [27.61377, -17.34378], [27.62795, -17.24365], [27.83141, -16.96274], [28.73725, -16.5528], [28.76199, -16.51575], [28.81454, -16.48611], [28.8501, -16.04537], [28.9243, -15.93987], [29.01298, -15.93805], [29.21955, -15.76589], [29.4437, -15.68702], [29.8317, -15.6126], [30.35574, -15.6513], [30.41902, -15.62269], [30.22098, -14.99447], [33.24249, -14.00019], [33.16749, -13.93992], [33.07568, -13.98447], [33.02977, -14.05022], [32.99042, -13.95689], [32.88985, -13.82956], [32.79015, -13.80755], [32.76962, -13.77224], [32.84528, -13.71576], [32.7828, -13.64805], [32.68654, -13.64268], [32.66468, -13.60019], [32.68436, -13.55769], [32.73683, -13.57682], [32.84176, -13.52794], [32.86113, -13.47292], [33.0078, -13.19492], [32.98289, -13.12671], [33.02181, -12.88707], [32.96733, -12.88251], [32.94397, -12.76868], [33.05917, -12.59554], [33.18837, -12.61377], [33.28177, -12.54692], [33.37517, -12.54085], [33.54485, -12.35996], [33.47636, -12.32498], [33.3705, -12.34931], [33.25998, -12.14242], [33.33937, -11.91252], [33.32692, -11.59248], [33.24252, -11.59302], [33.23663, -11.40637], [33.29267, -11.43536], [33.29267, -11.3789], [33.39697, -11.15296], [33.25998, -10.88862], [33.28022, -10.84428], [33.47636, -10.78465], [33.70675, -10.56896], [33.54797, -10.36077], [33.53863, -10.20148], [33.31297, -10.05133], [33.37902, -9.9104], [33.36581, -9.81063], [33.31517, -9.82364], [33.2095, -9.61099], [33.12144, -9.58929], [33.10163, -9.66525], [33.05485, -9.61316], [33.00256, -9.63053], [33.00476, -9.5133], [32.95389, -9.40138]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           iso1A2: "ZW",
+           iso1A3: "ZWE",
+           iso1N3: "716",
+           wikidata: "Q954",
+           nameEn: "Zimbabwe",
+           groups: ["014", "202", "002", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           callingCodes: ["263"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[30.41902, -15.62269], [30.35574, -15.6513], [29.8317, -15.6126], [29.4437, -15.68702], [29.21955, -15.76589], [29.01298, -15.93805], [28.9243, -15.93987], [28.8501, -16.04537], [28.81454, -16.48611], [28.76199, -16.51575], [28.73725, -16.5528], [27.83141, -16.96274], [27.62795, -17.24365], [27.61377, -17.34378], [27.30736, -17.60487], [27.14196, -17.81398], [26.89926, -17.98756], [26.74314, -18.0199], [26.68403, -18.07411], [26.55918, -17.99638], [26.21601, -17.88608], [26.0908, -17.93021], [26.08925, -17.98168], [25.85892, -17.97726], [25.85738, -17.91403], [25.6827, -17.81987], [25.51646, -17.86232], [25.26433, -17.79571], [25.23909, -17.90832], [25.31799, -18.07091], [25.39972, -18.12691], [25.53465, -18.39041], [25.68859, -18.56165], [25.79217, -18.6355], [25.82353, -18.82808], [25.94326, -18.90362], [25.99837, -19.02943], [25.96226, -19.08152], [26.17227, -19.53709], [26.72246, -19.92707], [27.21278, -20.08244], [27.29831, -20.28935], [27.28865, -20.49873], [27.69361, -20.48531], [27.72972, -20.51735], [27.69171, -21.08409], [27.91407, -21.31621], [28.01669, -21.57624], [28.29416, -21.59037], [28.49942, -21.66634], [28.58114, -21.63455], [29.07763, -21.81877], [29.04023, -21.85864], [29.02191, -21.90647], [29.02191, -21.95665], [29.04108, -22.00563], [29.08495, -22.04867], [29.14501, -22.07275], [29.1974, -22.07472], [29.24648, -22.05967], [29.3533, -22.18363], [29.37703, -22.19581], [29.64609, -22.12917], [29.76848, -22.14128], [29.92242, -22.19408], [30.13147, -22.30841], [30.2265, -22.2961], [30.28351, -22.35587], [30.38614, -22.34533], [30.48686, -22.31368], [30.6294, -22.32599], [30.86696, -22.28907], [31.08932, -22.34884], [31.16344, -22.32599], [31.30611, -22.422], [31.38336, -22.36919], [32.41234, -21.31246], [32.48236, -21.32873], [32.37115, -21.133], [32.51644, -20.91929], [32.48122, -20.63319], [32.55167, -20.56312], [32.66174, -20.56106], [32.85987, -20.27841], [32.85987, -20.16686], [32.93032, -20.03868], [33.01178, -20.02007], [33.06461, -19.77787], [32.95013, -19.67219], [32.84666, -19.68462], [32.84446, -19.48343], [32.78282, -19.47513], [32.77966, -19.36098], [32.85107, -19.29238], [32.87088, -19.09279], [32.84006, -19.0262], [32.72118, -19.02204], [32.69917, -18.94293], [32.73439, -18.92628], [32.70137, -18.84712], [32.82465, -18.77419], [32.9017, -18.7992], [32.95013, -18.69079], [32.88629, -18.58023], [32.88629, -18.51344], [33.02278, -18.4696], [33.03159, -18.35054], [32.94133, -17.99705], [33.0492, -17.60298], [32.98536, -17.55891], [32.96554, -17.48964], [33.0426, -17.3468], [33.00517, -17.30477], [32.96554, -17.11971], [32.84113, -16.92259], [32.91051, -16.89446], [32.97655, -16.70689], [32.78943, -16.70267], [32.69917, -16.66893], [32.71017, -16.59932], [32.42838, -16.4727], [32.28529, -16.43892], [32.02772, -16.43892], [31.91324, -16.41569], [31.90223, -16.34388], [31.67988, -16.19595], [31.42451, -16.15154], [31.30563, -16.01193], [31.13171, -15.98019], [30.97761, -16.05848], [30.91597, -15.99924], [30.42568, -15.9962], [30.41902, -15.62269]]]]
          }
+       }];
+       var borders_default = {
+         type: type,
+         features: features
+       }; // src/country-coder.ts
 
-         str = str.slice(i);
-         return str.split('&').reduce(function (obj, pair) {
-           var parts = pair.split('=');
+       var borders = borders_default;
+       var whichPolygonGetter = {};
+       var featuresByCode = {};
+       var idFilterRegex = /(?=(?!^(and|the|of|el|la|de)$))(\b(and|the|of|el|la|de)\b)|[-_ .,'()&[\]/]/gi;
 
-           if (parts.length === 2) {
-             obj[parts[0]] = null === parts[1] ? '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
-           }
+       function canonicalID(id) {
+         var s = id || "";
 
-           return obj;
-         }, {});
-       }
-       function utilQsString(obj, noencode) {
-         // encode everything except special characters used in certain hash parameters:
-         // "/" in map states, ":", ",", {" and "}" in background
-         function softEncode(s) {
-           return encodeURIComponent(s).replace(/(%2F|%3A|%2C|%7B|%7D)/g, decodeURIComponent);
+         if (s.charAt(0) === ".") {
+           return s.toUpperCase();
+         } else {
+           return s.replace(idFilterRegex, "").toUpperCase();
          }
-
-         return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function (key) {
-           return encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + (noencode ? softEncode(obj[key]) : encodeURIComponent(obj[key]));
-         }).join('&');
        }
-       function utilPrefixDOMProperty(property) {
-         var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'moz', 'o'];
-         var i = -1;
-         var n = prefixes.length;
-         var s = document.body;
-         if (property in s) return property;
-         property = property.substr(0, 1).toUpperCase() + property.substr(1);
 
-         while (++i < n) {
-           if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
-             return prefixes[i] + property;
-           }
-         }
+       var levels = ["subterritory", "territory", "subcountryGroup", "country", "sharedLandform", "intermediateRegion", "subregion", "region", "subunion", "union", "unitedNations", "world"];
+       loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders);
 
-         return false;
-       }
-       function utilPrefixCSSProperty(property) {
-         var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'Moz', 'O'];
-         var i = -1;
-         var n = prefixes.length;
-         var s = document.body.style;
+       function loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders2) {
+         var identifierProps = ["iso1A2", "iso1A3", "m49", "wikidata", "emojiFlag", "ccTLD", "nameEn"];
+         var geometryFeatures = [];
 
-         if (property.toLowerCase() in s) {
-           return property.toLowerCase();
+         for (var i in borders2.features) {
+           var feature2 = borders2.features[i];
+           feature2.properties.id = feature2.properties.iso1A2 || feature2.properties.m49 || feature2.properties.wikidata;
+           loadM49(feature2);
+           loadTLD(feature2);
+           loadIsoStatus(feature2);
+           loadLevel(feature2);
+           loadGroups(feature2);
+           loadFlag(feature2);
+           cacheFeatureByIDs(feature2);
+           if (feature2.geometry) geometryFeatures.push(feature2);
          }
 
-         while (++i < n) {
-           if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
-             return '-' + prefixes[i].toLowerCase() + property.replace(/([A-Z])/g, '-$1').toLowerCase();
-           }
+         for (var _i in borders2.features) {
+           var _feature = borders2.features[_i];
+           _feature.properties.groups = _feature.properties.groups.map(function (groupID) {
+             return featuresByCode[groupID].properties.id;
+           });
+           loadMembersForGroupsOf(_feature);
          }
 
-         return false;
-       }
-       var transformProperty;
-       function utilSetTransform(el, x, y, scale) {
-         var prop = transformProperty = transformProperty || utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
-         var translate = utilDetect().opera ? 'translate(' + x + 'px,' + y + 'px)' : 'translate3d(' + x + 'px,' + y + 'px,0)';
-         return el.style(prop, translate + (scale ? ' scale(' + scale + ')' : ''));
-       } // Calculates Levenshtein distance between two strings
-       // see:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance
-       // first converts the strings to lowercase and replaces diacritic marks with ascii equivalents.
+         for (var _i2 in borders2.features) {
+           var _feature2 = borders2.features[_i2];
+           loadRoadSpeedUnit(_feature2);
+           loadRoadHeightUnit(_feature2);
+           loadDriveSide(_feature2);
+           loadCallingCodes(_feature2);
+           loadGroupGroups(_feature2);
+         }
 
-       function utilEditDistance(a, b) {
-         a = remove$1(a.toLowerCase());
-         b = remove$1(b.toLowerCase());
-         if (a.length === 0) return b.length;
-         if (b.length === 0) return a.length;
-         var matrix = [];
-         var i, j;
+         for (var _i3 in borders2.features) {
+           var _feature3 = borders2.features[_i3];
 
-         for (i = 0; i <= b.length; i++) {
-           matrix[i] = [i];
-         }
+           _feature3.properties.groups.sort(function (groupID1, groupID2) {
+             return levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID1].properties.level) - levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID2].properties.level);
+           });
 
-         for (j = 0; j <= a.length; j++) {
-           matrix[0][j] = j;
-         }
+           if (_feature3.properties.members) _feature3.properties.members.sort(function (id1, id2) {
+             var diff = levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[id1].properties.level) - levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[id2].properties.level);
 
-         for (i = 1; i <= b.length; i++) {
-           for (j = 1; j <= a.length; j++) {
-             if (b.charAt(i - 1) === a.charAt(j - 1)) {
-               matrix[i][j] = matrix[i - 1][j - 1];
-             } else {
-               matrix[i][j] = Math.min(matrix[i - 1][j - 1] + 1, // substitution
-               Math.min(matrix[i][j - 1] + 1, // insertion
-               matrix[i - 1][j] + 1)); // deletion
+             if (diff === 0) {
+               return borders2.features.indexOf(featuresByCode[id1]) - borders2.features.indexOf(featuresByCode[id2]);
              }
-           }
-         }
 
-         return matrix[b.length][a.length];
-       } // a d3.mouse-alike which
-       // 1. Only works on HTML elements, not SVG
-       // 2. Does not cause style recalculation
+             return diff;
+           });
+         }
 
-       function utilFastMouse(container) {
-         var rect = container.getBoundingClientRect();
-         var rectLeft = rect.left;
-         var rectTop = rect.top;
-         var clientLeft = +container.clientLeft;
-         var clientTop = +container.clientTop;
-         return function (e) {
-           return [e.clientX - rectLeft - clientLeft, e.clientY - rectTop - clientTop];
+         var geometryOnlyCollection = {
+           type: "FeatureCollection",
+           features: geometryFeatures
          };
-       }
-       function utilAsyncMap(inputs, func, callback) {
-         var remaining = inputs.length;
-         var results = [];
-         var errors = [];
-         inputs.forEach(function (d, i) {
-           func(d, function done(err, data) {
-             errors[i] = err;
-             results[i] = data;
-             remaining--;
-             if (!remaining) callback(errors, results);
-           });
-         });
-       } // wraps an index to an interval [0..length-1]
+         whichPolygonGetter = whichPolygon_1(geometryOnlyCollection);
 
-       function utilWrap(index, length) {
-         if (index < 0) {
-           index += Math.ceil(-index / length) * length;
-         }
+         function loadGroups(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-         return index % length;
-       }
-       /**
-        * a replacement for functor
-        *
-        * @param {*} value any value
-        * @returns {Function} a function that returns that value or the value if it's a function
-        */
+           if (!props.groups) {
+             props.groups = [];
+           }
 
-       function utilFunctor(value) {
-         if (typeof value === 'function') return value;
-         return function () {
-           return value;
-         };
-       }
-       function utilNoAuto(selection) {
-         var isText = selection.size() && selection.node().tagName.toLowerCase() === 'textarea';
-         return selection // assign 'new-password' even for non-password fields to prevent browsers (Chrome) ignoring 'off'
-         .attr('autocomplete', 'new-password').attr('autocorrect', 'off').attr('autocapitalize', 'off').attr('spellcheck', isText ? 'true' : 'false');
-       } // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/194846/is-there-any-kind-of-hash-code-function-in-javascript
-       // https://werxltd.com/wp/2010/05/13/javascript-implementation-of-javas-string-hashcode-method/
+           if (feature2.geometry && props.country) {
+             props.groups.push(props.country);
+           }
 
-       function utilHashcode(str) {
-         var hash = 0;
+           if (props.m49 !== "001") {
+             props.groups.push("001");
+           }
+         }
 
-         if (str.length === 0) {
-           return hash;
+         function loadM49(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
+
+           if (!props.m49 && props.iso1N3) {
+             props.m49 = props.iso1N3;
+           }
          }
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
-           var _char = str.charCodeAt(i);
+         function loadTLD(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
+           if (props.level === "unitedNations") return;
 
-           hash = (hash << 5) - hash + _char;
-           hash = hash & hash; // Convert to 32bit integer
+           if (!props.ccTLD && props.iso1A2) {
+             props.ccTLD = "." + props.iso1A2.toLowerCase();
+           }
          }
 
-         return hash;
-       } // Returns version of `str` with all runs of special characters replaced by `_`;
-       // suitable for HTML ids, classes, selectors, etc.
+         function loadIsoStatus(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-       function utilSafeClassName(str) {
-         return str.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/g, '_');
-       } // Returns string based on `val` that is highly unlikely to collide with an id
-       // used previously or that's present elsewhere in the document. Useful for preventing
-       // browser-provided autofills or when embedding iD on pages with unknown elements.
+           if (!props.isoStatus && props.iso1A2) {
+             props.isoStatus = "official";
+           }
+         }
 
-       function utilUniqueDomId(val) {
-         return 'ideditor-' + utilSafeClassName(val.toString()) + '-' + new Date().getTime().toString();
-       } // Returns the length of `str` in unicode characters. This can be less than
-       // `String.length()` since a single unicode character can be composed of multiple
-       // JavaScript UTF-16 code units.
+         function loadLevel(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
+           if (props.level) return;
 
-       function utilUnicodeCharsCount(str) {
-         // Native ES2015 implementations of `Array.from` split strings into unicode characters
-         return Array.from(str).length;
-       } // Returns a new string representing `str` cut from its start to `limit` length
-       // in unicode characters. Note that this runs the risk of splitting graphemes.
+           if (!props.country) {
+             props.level = "country";
+           } else if (!props.iso1A2 || props.isoStatus === "official") {
+             props.level = "territory";
+           } else {
+             props.level = "subterritory";
+           }
+         }
 
-       function utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(str, limit) {
-         return Array.from(str).slice(0, limit).join('');
-       }
+         function loadGroupGroups(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
+           if (feature2.geometry || !props.members) return;
+           var featureLevelIndex = levels.indexOf(props.level);
+           var sharedGroups = [];
 
-       function osmEntity(attrs) {
-         // For prototypal inheritance.
-         if (this instanceof osmEntity) return; // Create the appropriate subtype.
+           var _loop = function _loop(_i4) {
+             var memberID = props.members[_i4];
+             var member = featuresByCode[memberID];
+             var memberGroups = member.properties.groups.filter(function (groupID) {
+               return groupID !== feature2.properties.id && featureLevelIndex < levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID].properties.level);
+             });
 
-         if (attrs && attrs.type) {
-           return osmEntity[attrs.type].apply(this, arguments);
-         } else if (attrs && attrs.id) {
-           return osmEntity[osmEntity.id.type(attrs.id)].apply(this, arguments);
-         } // Initialize a generic Entity (used only in tests).
+             if (_i4 === "0") {
+               sharedGroups = memberGroups;
+             } else {
+               sharedGroups = sharedGroups.filter(function (groupID) {
+                 return memberGroups.indexOf(groupID) !== -1;
+               });
+             }
+           };
 
+           for (var _i4 in props.members) {
+             _loop(_i4);
+           }
 
-         return new osmEntity().initialize(arguments);
-       }
+           props.groups = props.groups.concat(sharedGroups.filter(function (groupID) {
+             return props.groups.indexOf(groupID) === -1;
+           }));
 
-       osmEntity.id = function (type) {
-         return osmEntity.id.fromOSM(type, osmEntity.id.next[type]--);
-       };
+           for (var j in sharedGroups) {
+             var groupFeature = featuresByCode[sharedGroups[j]];
 
-       osmEntity.id.next = {
-         changeset: -1,
-         node: -1,
-         way: -1,
-         relation: -1
-       };
+             if (groupFeature.properties.members.indexOf(props.id) === -1) {
+               groupFeature.properties.members.push(props.id);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-       osmEntity.id.fromOSM = function (type, id) {
-         return type[0] + id;
-       };
+         function loadRoadSpeedUnit(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-       osmEntity.id.toOSM = function (id) {
-         return id.slice(1);
-       };
+           if (feature2.geometry) {
+             if (!props.roadSpeedUnit) props.roadSpeedUnit = "km/h";
+           } else if (props.members) {
+             var vals = Array.from(new Set(props.members.map(function (id) {
+               var member = featuresByCode[id];
+               if (member.geometry) return member.properties.roadSpeedUnit || "km/h";
+             }).filter(Boolean)));
+             if (vals.length === 1) props.roadSpeedUnit = vals[0];
+           }
+         }
 
-       osmEntity.id.type = function (id) {
-         return {
-           'c': 'changeset',
-           'n': 'node',
-           'w': 'way',
-           'r': 'relation'
-         }[id[0]];
-       }; // A function suitable for use as the second argument to d3.selection#data().
+         function loadRoadHeightUnit(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
+           if (feature2.geometry) {
+             if (!props.roadHeightUnit) props.roadHeightUnit = "m";
+           } else if (props.members) {
+             var vals = Array.from(new Set(props.members.map(function (id) {
+               var member = featuresByCode[id];
+               if (member.geometry) return member.properties.roadHeightUnit || "m";
+             }).filter(Boolean)));
+             if (vals.length === 1) props.roadHeightUnit = vals[0];
+           }
+         }
 
-       osmEntity.key = function (entity) {
-         return entity.id + 'v' + (entity.v || 0);
-       };
+         function loadDriveSide(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-       var _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;
+           if (feature2.geometry) {
+             if (!props.driveSide) props.driveSide = "right";
+           } else if (props.members) {
+             var vals = Array.from(new Set(props.members.map(function (id) {
+               var member = featuresByCode[id];
+               if (member.geometry) return member.properties.driveSide || "right";
+             }).filter(Boolean)));
+             if (vals.length === 1) props.driveSide = vals[0];
+           }
+         }
 
-       osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey = function (dataDeprecated) {
-         if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey) {
-           _deprecatedTagValuesByKey = {};
-           dataDeprecated.forEach(function (d) {
-             var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
+         function loadCallingCodes(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-             if (oldKeys.length === 1) {
-               var oldKey = oldKeys[0];
-               var oldValue = d.old[oldKey];
+           if (!feature2.geometry && props.members) {
+             props.callingCodes = Array.from(new Set(props.members.reduce(function (array, id) {
+               var member = featuresByCode[id];
+               if (member.geometry && member.properties.callingCodes) return array.concat(member.properties.callingCodes);
+               return array;
+             }, [])));
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (oldValue !== '*') {
-                 if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey]) {
-                   _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey] = [oldValue];
-                 } else {
-                   _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey].push(oldValue);
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+         function loadFlag(feature2) {
+           if (!feature2.properties.iso1A2) return;
+           var flag = feature2.properties.iso1A2.replace(/./g, function (_char) {
+             return String.fromCodePoint(_char.charCodeAt(0) + 127397);
            });
+           feature2.properties.emojiFlag = flag;
          }
 
-         return _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;
-       };
+         function loadMembersForGroupsOf(feature2) {
+           for (var j in feature2.properties.groups) {
+             var groupID = feature2.properties.groups[j];
+             var groupFeature = featuresByCode[groupID];
+             if (!groupFeature.properties.members) groupFeature.properties.members = [];
+             groupFeature.properties.members.push(feature2.properties.id);
+           }
+         }
 
-       osmEntity.prototype = {
-         tags: {},
-         initialize: function initialize(sources) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
-             var source = sources[i];
+         function cacheFeatureByIDs(feature2) {
+           var ids = [];
 
-             for (var prop in source) {
-               if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
-                 if (source[prop] === undefined) {
-                   delete this[prop];
-                 } else {
-                   this[prop] = source[prop];
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+           for (var k in identifierProps) {
+             var prop = identifierProps[k];
+             var id = feature2.properties[prop];
+             if (id) ids.push(id);
            }
 
-           if (!this.id && this.type) {
-             this.id = osmEntity.id(this.type);
+           if (feature2.properties.aliases) {
+             for (var j in feature2.properties.aliases) {
+               ids.push(feature2.properties.aliases[j]);
+             }
            }
 
-           if (!this.hasOwnProperty('visible')) {
-             this.visible = true;
+           for (var _i5 in ids) {
+             var _id = canonicalID(ids[_i5]);
+
+             featuresByCode[_id] = feature2;
            }
+         }
+       }
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         copy: function copy(resolver, copies) {
-           if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
-           var copy = osmEntity(this, {
-             id: undefined,
-             user: undefined,
-             version: undefined
-           });
-           copies[this.id] = copy;
-           return copy;
-         },
-         osmId: function osmId() {
-           return osmEntity.id.toOSM(this.id);
-         },
-         isNew: function isNew() {
-           return this.osmId() < 0;
-         },
-         update: function update(attrs) {
-           return osmEntity(this, attrs, {
-             v: 1 + (this.v || 0)
-           });
-         },
-         mergeTags: function mergeTags(tags) {
-           var merged = Object.assign({}, this.tags); // shallow copy
+       function locArray(loc) {
+         if (Array.isArray(loc)) {
+           return loc;
+         } else if (loc.coordinates) {
+           return loc.coordinates;
+         }
 
-           var changed = false;
+         return loc.geometry.coordinates;
+       }
 
-           for (var k in tags) {
-             var t1 = merged[k];
-             var t2 = tags[k];
+       function smallestFeature(loc) {
+         var query = locArray(loc);
+         var featureProperties = whichPolygonGetter(query);
+         if (!featureProperties) return null;
+         return featuresByCode[featureProperties.id];
+       }
 
-             if (!t1) {
-               changed = true;
-               merged[k] = t2;
-             } else if (t1 !== t2) {
-               changed = true;
-               merged[k] = utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(utilArrayUnion(t1.split(/;\s*/), t2.split(/;\s*/)).join(';'), 255 // avoid exceeding character limit; see also services/osm.js -> maxCharsForTagValue()
-               );
-             }
-           }
+       function countryFeature(loc) {
+         var feature2 = smallestFeature(loc);
+         if (!feature2) return null;
+         var countryCode = feature2.properties.country || feature2.properties.iso1A2;
+         return featuresByCode[countryCode] || null;
+       }
 
-           return changed ? this.update({
-             tags: merged
-           }) : this;
-         },
-         intersects: function intersects(extent, resolver) {
-           return this.extent(resolver).intersects(extent);
-         },
-         hasNonGeometryTags: function hasNonGeometryTags() {
-           return Object.keys(this.tags).some(function (k) {
-             return k !== 'area';
-           });
-         },
-         hasParentRelations: function hasParentRelations(resolver) {
-           return resolver.parentRelations(this).length > 0;
-         },
-         hasInterestingTags: function hasInterestingTags() {
-           return Object.keys(this.tags).some(osmIsInterestingTag);
-         },
-         hasWikidata: function hasWikidata() {
-           return !!this.tags.wikidata || !!this.tags['brand:wikidata'];
-         },
-         isHighwayIntersection: function isHighwayIntersection() {
-           return false;
-         },
-         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
-           return true;
-         },
-         deprecatedTags: function deprecatedTags(dataDeprecated) {
-           var tags = this.tags; // if there are no tags, none can be deprecated
+       var defaultOpts = {
+         level: void 0,
+         maxLevel: void 0,
+         withProp: void 0
+       };
 
-           if (Object.keys(tags).length === 0) return [];
-           var deprecated = [];
-           dataDeprecated.forEach(function (d) {
-             var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
+       function featureForLoc(loc, opts) {
+         var targetLevel = opts.level || "country";
+         var maxLevel = opts.maxLevel || "world";
+         var withProp = opts.withProp;
+         var targetLevelIndex = levels.indexOf(targetLevel);
+         if (targetLevelIndex === -1) return null;
+         var maxLevelIndex = levels.indexOf(maxLevel);
+         if (maxLevelIndex === -1) return null;
+         if (maxLevelIndex < targetLevelIndex) return null;
 
-             if (d.replace) {
-               var hasExistingValues = Object.keys(d.replace).some(function (replaceKey) {
-                 if (!tags[replaceKey] || d.old[replaceKey]) return false;
-                 var replaceValue = d.replace[replaceKey];
-                 if (replaceValue === '*') return false;
-                 if (replaceValue === tags[replaceKey]) return false;
-                 return true;
-               }); // don't flag deprecated tags if the upgrade path would overwrite existing data - #7843
+         if (targetLevel === "country") {
+           var fastFeature = countryFeature(loc);
 
-               if (hasExistingValues) return;
+           if (fastFeature) {
+             if (!withProp || fastFeature.properties[withProp]) {
+               return fastFeature;
              }
+           }
+         }
 
-             var matchesDeprecatedTags = oldKeys.every(function (oldKey) {
-               if (!tags[oldKey]) return false;
-               if (d.old[oldKey] === '*') return true;
-               if (d.old[oldKey] === tags[oldKey]) return true;
-               var vals = tags[oldKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
-
-               if (vals.length === 0) {
-                 return false;
-               } else if (vals.length > 1) {
-                 return vals.indexOf(d.old[oldKey]) !== -1;
-               } else {
-                 if (tags[oldKey] === d.old[oldKey]) {
-                   if (d.replace && d.old[oldKey] === d.replace[oldKey]) {
-                     var replaceKeys = Object.keys(d.replace);
-                     return !replaceKeys.every(function (replaceKey) {
-                       return tags[replaceKey] === d.replace[replaceKey];
-                     });
-                   } else {
-                     return true;
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
+         var features2 = featuresContaining(loc);
 
-               return false;
-             });
+         for (var i in features2) {
+           var feature2 = features2[i];
+           var levelIndex = levels.indexOf(feature2.properties.level);
 
-             if (matchesDeprecatedTags) {
-               deprecated.push(d);
+           if (feature2.properties.level === targetLevel || levelIndex > targetLevelIndex && levelIndex <= maxLevelIndex) {
+             if (!withProp || feature2.properties[withProp]) {
+               return feature2;
              }
-           });
-           return deprecated;
+           }
          }
-       };
-
-       function osmLanes(entity) {
-         if (entity.type !== 'way') return null;
-         if (!entity.tags.highway) return null;
-         var tags = entity.tags;
-         var isOneWay = entity.isOneWay();
-         var laneCount = getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay);
-         var maxspeed = parseMaxspeed(tags);
-         var laneDirections = parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount);
-         var forward = laneDirections.forward;
-         var backward = laneDirections.backward;
-         var bothways = laneDirections.bothways; // parse the piped string 'x|y|z' format
-
-         var turnLanes = {};
-         turnLanes.unspecified = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes']);
-         turnLanes.forward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:forward']);
-         turnLanes.backward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:backward']);
-         var maxspeedLanes = {};
-         maxspeedLanes.unspecified = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes'], maxspeed);
-         maxspeedLanes.forward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:forward'], maxspeed);
-         maxspeedLanes.backward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:backward'], maxspeed);
-         var psvLanes = {};
-         psvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes']);
-         psvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:forward']);
-         psvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:backward']);
-         var busLanes = {};
-         busLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes']);
-         busLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:forward']);
-         busLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:backward']);
-         var taxiLanes = {};
-         taxiLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes']);
-         taxiLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:forward']);
-         taxiLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:backward']);
-         var hovLanes = {};
-         hovLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes']);
-         hovLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:forward']);
-         hovLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:backward']);
-         var hgvLanes = {};
-         hgvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes']);
-         hgvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:forward']);
-         hgvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:backward']);
-         var bicyclewayLanes = {};
-         bicyclewayLanes.unspecified = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes']);
-         bicyclewayLanes.forward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:forward']);
-         bicyclewayLanes.backward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:backward']);
-         var lanesObj = {
-           forward: [],
-           backward: [],
-           unspecified: []
-         }; // map forward/backward/unspecified of each lane type to lanesObj
 
-         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, turnLanes, 'turnLane');
-         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, maxspeedLanes, 'maxspeed');
-         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, psvLanes, 'psv');
-         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, busLanes, 'bus');
-         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, taxiLanes, 'taxi');
-         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hovLanes, 'hov');
-         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hgvLanes, 'hgv');
-         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, bicyclewayLanes, 'bicycleway');
-         return {
-           metadata: {
-             count: laneCount,
-             oneway: isOneWay,
-             forward: forward,
-             backward: backward,
-             bothways: bothways,
-             turnLanes: turnLanes,
-             maxspeed: maxspeed,
-             maxspeedLanes: maxspeedLanes,
-             psvLanes: psvLanes,
-             busLanes: busLanes,
-             taxiLanes: taxiLanes,
-             hovLanes: hovLanes,
-             hgvLanes: hgvLanes,
-             bicyclewayLanes: bicyclewayLanes
-           },
-           lanes: lanesObj
-         };
+         return null;
        }
 
-       function getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay) {
-         var count;
+       function featureForID(id) {
+         var stringID;
 
-         if (tags.lanes) {
-           count = parseInt(tags.lanes, 10);
+         if (typeof id === "number") {
+           stringID = id.toString();
 
-           if (count > 0) {
-             return count;
+           if (stringID.length === 1) {
+             stringID = "00" + stringID;
+           } else if (stringID.length === 2) {
+             stringID = "0" + stringID;
            }
+         } else {
+           stringID = canonicalID(id);
          }
 
-         switch (tags.highway) {
-           case 'trunk':
-           case 'motorway':
-             count = isOneWay ? 2 : 4;
-             break;
+         return featuresByCode[stringID] || null;
+       }
 
-           default:
-             count = isOneWay ? 1 : 2;
-             break;
+       function smallestFeaturesForBbox(bbox) {
+         return whichPolygonGetter.bbox(bbox).map(function (props) {
+           return featuresByCode[props.id];
+         });
+       }
+
+       function smallestOrMatchingFeature(query) {
+         if (_typeof(query) === "object") {
+           return smallestFeature(query);
          }
 
-         return count;
+         return featureForID(query);
        }
 
-       function parseMaxspeed(tags) {
-         var maxspeed = tags.maxspeed;
-         if (!maxspeed) return;
-         var maxspeedRegex = /^([0-9][\.0-9]+?)(?:[ ]?(?:km\/h|kmh|kph|mph|knots))?$/;
-         if (!maxspeedRegex.test(maxspeed)) return;
-         return parseInt(maxspeed, 10);
+       function feature$1(query) {
+         var opts = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : defaultOpts;
+
+         if (_typeof(query) === "object") {
+           return featureForLoc(query, opts);
+         }
+
+         return featureForID(query);
        }
 
-       function parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount) {
-         var forward = parseInt(tags['lanes:forward'], 10);
-         var backward = parseInt(tags['lanes:backward'], 10);
-         var bothways = parseInt(tags['lanes:both_ways'], 10) > 0 ? 1 : 0;
+       function iso1A2Code(query) {
+         var opts = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : defaultOpts;
+         opts.withProp = "iso1A2";
+         var match = feature$1(query, opts);
+         if (!match) return null;
+         return match.properties.iso1A2 || null;
+       }
 
-         if (parseInt(tags.oneway, 10) === -1) {
-           forward = 0;
-           bothways = 0;
-           backward = laneCount;
-         } else if (isOneWay) {
-           forward = laneCount;
-           bothways = 0;
-           backward = 0;
-         } else if (isNaN(forward) && isNaN(backward)) {
-           backward = Math.floor((laneCount - bothways) / 2);
-           forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
-         } else if (isNaN(forward)) {
-           if (backward > laneCount - bothways) {
-             backward = laneCount - bothways;
+       function featuresContaining(query, strict) {
+         var matchingFeatures;
+
+         if (Array.isArray(query) && query.length === 4) {
+           matchingFeatures = smallestFeaturesForBbox(query);
+         } else {
+           var smallestOrMatching = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
+           matchingFeatures = smallestOrMatching ? [smallestOrMatching] : [];
+         }
+
+         if (!matchingFeatures.length) return [];
+         var returnFeatures;
+
+         if (!strict || _typeof(query) === "object") {
+           returnFeatures = matchingFeatures.slice();
+         } else {
+           returnFeatures = [];
+         }
+
+         for (var j in matchingFeatures) {
+           var properties = matchingFeatures[j].properties;
+
+           for (var i in properties.groups) {
+             var groupID = properties.groups[i];
+             var groupFeature = featuresByCode[groupID];
+
+             if (returnFeatures.indexOf(groupFeature) === -1) {
+               returnFeatures.push(groupFeature);
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
-         } else if (isNaN(backward)) {
-           if (forward > laneCount - bothways) {
-             forward = laneCount - bothways;
+         return returnFeatures;
+       }
+
+       function featuresIn(id, strict) {
+         var feature2 = featureForID(id);
+         if (!feature2) return [];
+         var features2 = [];
+
+         if (!strict) {
+           features2.push(feature2);
+         }
+
+         var properties = feature2.properties;
+
+         if (properties.members) {
+           for (var i in properties.members) {
+             var memberID = properties.members[i];
+             features2.push(featuresByCode[memberID]);
            }
+         }
 
-           backward = laneCount - bothways - forward;
+         return features2;
+       }
+
+       function aggregateFeature(id) {
+         var features2 = featuresIn(id, false);
+         if (features2.length === 0) return null;
+         var aggregateCoordinates = [];
+
+         for (var i in features2) {
+           var feature2 = features2[i];
+
+           if (feature2.geometry && feature2.geometry.type === "MultiPolygon" && feature2.geometry.coordinates) {
+             aggregateCoordinates = aggregateCoordinates.concat(feature2.geometry.coordinates);
+           }
          }
 
          return {
-           forward: forward,
-           backward: backward,
-           bothways: bothways
+           type: "Feature",
+           properties: features2[0].properties,
+           geometry: {
+             type: "MultiPolygon",
+             coordinates: aggregateCoordinates
+           }
          };
        }
 
-       function parseTurnLanes(tag) {
-         if (!tag) return;
-         var validValues = ['left', 'slight_left', 'sharp_left', 'through', 'right', 'slight_right', 'sharp_right', 'reverse', 'merge_to_left', 'merge_to_right', 'none'];
-         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
-           if (s === '') s = 'none';
-           return s.split(';').map(function (d) {
-             return validValues.indexOf(d) === -1 ? 'unknown' : d;
-           });
-         });
+       function roadSpeedUnit(query) {
+         var feature2 = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
+         return feature2 && feature2.properties.roadSpeedUnit || null;
        }
 
-       function parseMaxspeedLanes(tag, maxspeed) {
-         if (!tag) return;
-         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
-           if (s === 'none') return s;
-           var m = parseInt(s, 10);
-           if (s === '' || m === maxspeed) return null;
-           return isNaN(m) ? 'unknown' : m;
-         });
+       function roadHeightUnit(query) {
+         var feature2 = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
+         return feature2 && feature2.properties.roadHeightUnit || null;
        }
 
-       function parseMiscLanes(tag) {
-         if (!tag) return;
-         var validValues = ['yes', 'no', 'designated'];
-         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
-           if (s === '') s = 'no';
-           return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown' : s;
-         });
-       }
+       var geojsonArea = {};
 
-       function parseBicycleWay(tag) {
-         if (!tag) return;
-         var validValues = ['yes', 'no', 'designated', 'lane'];
-         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
-           if (s === '') s = 'no';
-           return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown' : s;
-         });
-       }
+       var wgs84$1 = {};
 
-       function mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, data, key) {
-         if (data.forward) data.forward.forEach(function (l, i) {
-           if (!lanesObj.forward[i]) lanesObj.forward[i] = {};
-           lanesObj.forward[i][key] = l;
-         });
-         if (data.backward) data.backward.forEach(function (l, i) {
-           if (!lanesObj.backward[i]) lanesObj.backward[i] = {};
-           lanesObj.backward[i][key] = l;
-         });
-         if (data.unspecified) data.unspecified.forEach(function (l, i) {
-           if (!lanesObj.unspecified[i]) lanesObj.unspecified[i] = {};
-           lanesObj.unspecified[i][key] = l;
-         });
-       }
+       wgs84$1.RADIUS = 6378137;
+       wgs84$1.FLATTENING = 1 / 298.257223563;
+       wgs84$1.POLAR_RADIUS = 6356752.3142;
 
-       function osmWay() {
-         if (!(this instanceof osmWay)) {
-           return new osmWay().initialize(arguments);
-         } else if (arguments.length) {
-           this.initialize(arguments);
-         }
-       }
-       osmEntity.way = osmWay;
-       osmWay.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
-       Object.assign(osmWay.prototype, {
-         type: 'way',
-         nodes: [],
-         copy: function copy(resolver, copies) {
-           if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
-           var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);
-           var nodes = this.nodes.map(function (id) {
-             return resolver.entity(id).copy(resolver, copies).id;
-           });
-           copy = copy.update({
-             nodes: nodes
-           });
-           copies[this.id] = copy;
-           return copy;
-         },
-         extent: function extent(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'extent', function () {
-             var extent = geoExtent();
+       var wgs84 = wgs84$1;
+       geojsonArea.geometry = geometry;
+       geojsonArea.ring = ringArea;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
-               var node = resolver.hasEntity(this.nodes[i]);
+       function geometry(_) {
+         var area = 0,
+             i;
 
-               if (node) {
-                 extent._extend(node.extent());
-               }
+         switch (_.type) {
+           case 'Polygon':
+             return polygonArea(_.coordinates);
+
+           case 'MultiPolygon':
+             for (i = 0; i < _.coordinates.length; i++) {
+               area += polygonArea(_.coordinates[i]);
              }
 
-             return extent;
-           });
-         },
-         first: function first() {
-           return this.nodes[0];
-         },
-         last: function last() {
-           return this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1];
-         },
-         contains: function contains(node) {
-           return this.nodes.indexOf(node) >= 0;
-         },
-         affix: function affix(node) {
-           if (this.nodes[0] === node) return 'prefix';
-           if (this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1] === node) return 'suffix';
-         },
-         layer: function layer() {
-           // explicit layer tag, clamp between -10, 10..
-           if (isFinite(this.tags.layer)) {
-             return Math.max(-10, Math.min(+this.tags.layer, 10));
-           } // implied layer tag..
+             return area;
 
+           case 'Point':
+           case 'MultiPoint':
+           case 'LineString':
+           case 'MultiLineString':
+             return 0;
 
-           if (this.tags.covered === 'yes') return -1;
-           if (this.tags.location === 'overground') return 1;
-           if (this.tags.location === 'underground') return -1;
-           if (this.tags.location === 'underwater') return -10;
-           if (this.tags.power === 'line') return 10;
-           if (this.tags.power === 'minor_line') return 10;
-           if (this.tags.aerialway) return 10;
-           if (this.tags.bridge) return 1;
-           if (this.tags.cutting) return -1;
-           if (this.tags.tunnel) return -1;
-           if (this.tags.waterway) return -1;
-           if (this.tags.man_made === 'pipeline') return -10;
-           if (this.tags.boundary) return -10;
-           return 0;
-         },
-         // the approximate width of the line based on its tags except its `width` tag
-         impliedLineWidthMeters: function impliedLineWidthMeters() {
-           var averageWidths = {
-             highway: {
-               // width is for single lane
-               motorway: 5,
-               motorway_link: 5,
-               trunk: 4.5,
-               trunk_link: 4.5,
-               primary: 4,
-               secondary: 4,
-               tertiary: 4,
-               primary_link: 4,
-               secondary_link: 4,
-               tertiary_link: 4,
-               unclassified: 4,
-               road: 4,
-               living_street: 4,
-               bus_guideway: 4,
-               pedestrian: 4,
-               residential: 3.5,
-               service: 3.5,
-               track: 3,
-               cycleway: 2.5,
-               bridleway: 2,
-               corridor: 2,
-               steps: 2,
-               path: 1.5,
-               footway: 1.5
-             },
-             railway: {
-               // width includes ties and rail bed, not just track gauge
-               rail: 2.5,
-               light_rail: 2.5,
-               tram: 2.5,
-               subway: 2.5,
-               monorail: 2.5,
-               funicular: 2.5,
-               disused: 2.5,
-               preserved: 2.5,
-               miniature: 1.5,
-               narrow_gauge: 1.5
-             },
-             waterway: {
-               river: 50,
-               canal: 25,
-               stream: 5,
-               tidal_channel: 5,
-               fish_pass: 2.5,
-               drain: 2.5,
-               ditch: 1.5
+           case 'GeometryCollection':
+             for (i = 0; i < _.geometries.length; i++) {
+               area += geometry(_.geometries[i]);
              }
-           };
 
-           for (var key in averageWidths) {
-             if (this.tags[key] && averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]]) {
-               var width = averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]];
+             return area;
+         }
+       }
 
-               if (key === 'highway') {
-                 var laneCount = this.tags.lanes && parseInt(this.tags.lanes, 10);
-                 if (!laneCount) laneCount = this.isOneWay() ? 1 : 2;
-                 return width * laneCount;
-               }
+       function polygonArea(coords) {
+         var area = 0;
 
-               return width;
-             }
+         if (coords && coords.length > 0) {
+           area += Math.abs(ringArea(coords[0]));
+
+           for (var i = 1; i < coords.length; i++) {
+             area -= Math.abs(ringArea(coords[i]));
            }
+         }
 
-           return null;
-         },
-         isOneWay: function isOneWay() {
-           // explicit oneway tag..
-           var values = {
-             'yes': true,
-             '1': true,
-             '-1': true,
-             'reversible': true,
-             'alternating': true,
-             'no': false,
-             '0': false
-           };
+         return area;
+       }
+       /**
+        * Calculate the approximate area of the polygon were it projected onto
+        *     the earth.  Note that this area will be positive if ring is oriented
+        *     clockwise, otherwise it will be negative.
+        *
+        * Reference:
+        * Robert. G. Chamberlain and William H. Duquette, "Some Algorithms for
+        *     Polygons on a Sphere", JPL Publication 07-03, Jet Propulsion
+        *     Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, June 2007 http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/40409
+        *
+        * Returns:
+        * {float} The approximate signed geodesic area of the polygon in square
+        *     meters.
+        */
 
-           if (values[this.tags.oneway] !== undefined) {
-             return values[this.tags.oneway];
-           } // implied oneway tag..
 
+       function ringArea(coords) {
+         var p1,
+             p2,
+             p3,
+             lowerIndex,
+             middleIndex,
+             upperIndex,
+             i,
+             area = 0,
+             coordsLength = coords.length;
 
-           for (var key in this.tags) {
-             if (key in osmOneWayTags && this.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key]) return true;
+         if (coordsLength > 2) {
+           for (i = 0; i < coordsLength; i++) {
+             if (i === coordsLength - 2) {
+               // i = N-2
+               lowerIndex = coordsLength - 2;
+               middleIndex = coordsLength - 1;
+               upperIndex = 0;
+             } else if (i === coordsLength - 1) {
+               // i = N-1
+               lowerIndex = coordsLength - 1;
+               middleIndex = 0;
+               upperIndex = 1;
+             } else {
+               // i = 0 to N-3
+               lowerIndex = i;
+               middleIndex = i + 1;
+               upperIndex = i + 2;
+             }
+
+             p1 = coords[lowerIndex];
+             p2 = coords[middleIndex];
+             p3 = coords[upperIndex];
+             area += (rad(p3[0]) - rad(p1[0])) * Math.sin(rad(p2[1]));
            }
 
-           return false;
-         },
-         // Some identifier for tag that implies that this way is "sided",
-         // i.e. the right side is the 'inside' (e.g. the right side of a
-         // natural=cliff is lower).
-         sidednessIdentifier: function sidednessIdentifier() {
-           for (var key in this.tags) {
-             var value = this.tags[key];
+           area = area * wgs84.RADIUS * wgs84.RADIUS / 2;
+         }
 
-             if (key in osmRightSideIsInsideTags && value in osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key]) {
-               if (osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value] === true) {
-                 return key;
-               } else {
-                 // if the map's value is something other than a
-                 // literal true, we should use it so we can
-                 // special case some keys (e.g. natural=coastline
-                 // is handled differently to other naturals).
-                 return osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value];
-               }
-             }
-           }
+         return area;
+       }
 
-           return null;
-         },
-         isSided: function isSided() {
-           if (this.tags.two_sided === 'yes') {
-             return false;
-           }
+       function rad(_) {
+         return _ * Math.PI / 180;
+       }
 
-           return this.sidednessIdentifier() !== null;
-         },
-         lanes: function lanes() {
-           return osmLanes(this);
-         },
-         isClosed: function isClosed() {
-           return this.nodes.length > 1 && this.first() === this.last();
-         },
-         isConvex: function isConvex(resolver) {
-           if (!this.isClosed() || this.isDegenerate()) return null;
-           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(resolver.childNodes(this));
-           var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return n.loc;
-           });
-           var curr = 0;
-           var prev = 0;
+       var inputValidation = {};
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-             var o = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
-             var a = coords[i];
-             var b = coords[(i + 2) % coords.length];
-             var res = geoVecCross(a, b, o);
-             curr = res > 0 ? 1 : res < 0 ? -1 : 0;
+       var $$g = _export;
+       var $includes = arrayIncludes.includes;
+       var addToUnscopables$1 = addToUnscopables$5;
 
-             if (curr === 0) {
-               continue;
-             } else if (prev && curr !== prev) {
-               return false;
-             }
+       // `Array.prototype.includes` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.includes
+       $$g({ target: 'Array', proto: true }, {
+         includes: function includes(el /* , fromIndex = 0 */) {
+           return $includes(this, el, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
+       });
+
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables$1('includes');
+
+       var validateCenter$1 = {};
+
+       validateCenter$1.validateCenter = function validateCenter(center) {
+         var validCenterLengths = [2, 3];
+
+         if (!Array.isArray(center) || !validCenterLengths.includes(center.length)) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Center has to be an array of length two or three");
+         }
+
+         var _center = _slicedToArray(center, 2),
+             lng = _center[0],
+             lat = _center[1];
+
+         if (typeof lng !== "number" || typeof lat !== "number") {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Longitude and Latitude has to be numbers but where ".concat(_typeof(lng), " and ").concat(_typeof(lat)));
+         }
+
+         if (lng > 180 || lng < -180) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Longitude has to be between -180 and 180 but was ".concat(lng));
+         }
+
+         if (lat > 90 || lat < -90) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Latitude has to be between -90 and 90 but was ".concat(lat));
+         }
+       };
+
+       var validateRadius$1 = {};
+
+       validateRadius$1.validateRadius = function validateRadius(radius) {
+         if (typeof radius !== "number") {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: ".concat(_typeof(radius)));
+         }
+
+         if (radius <= 0) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: ".concat(radius));
+         }
+       };
+
+       var validateNumberOfEdges$1 = {};
+
+       validateNumberOfEdges$1.validateNumberOfEdges = function validateNumberOfEdges(numberOfEdges) {
+         if (typeof numberOfEdges !== "number") {
+           var ARGUMENT_TYPE = Array.isArray(numberOfEdges) ? "array" : _typeof(numberOfEdges);
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Number of edges has to be a number but was: ".concat(ARGUMENT_TYPE));
+         }
+
+         if (numberOfEdges < 3) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Number of edges has to be at least 3 but was: ".concat(numberOfEdges));
+         }
+       };
+
+       var validateEarthRadius$1 = {};
+
+       validateEarthRadius$1.validateEarthRadius = function validateEarthRadius(earthRadius) {
+         if (typeof earthRadius !== "number") {
+           var ARGUMENT_TYPE = Array.isArray(earthRadius) ? "array" : _typeof(earthRadius);
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Earth radius has to be a number but was: ".concat(ARGUMENT_TYPE));
+         }
+
+         if (earthRadius <= 0) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Earth radius has to be a positive number but was: ".concat(earthRadius));
+         }
+       };
+
+       var validateBearing$1 = {};
+
+       validateBearing$1.validateBearing = function validateBearing(bearing) {
+         if (typeof bearing !== "number") {
+           var ARGUMENT_TYPE = Array.isArray(bearing) ? "array" : _typeof(bearing);
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Bearing has to be a number but was: ".concat(ARGUMENT_TYPE));
+         }
+       };
+
+       var validateCenter = validateCenter$1.validateCenter;
+       var validateRadius = validateRadius$1.validateRadius;
+       var validateNumberOfEdges = validateNumberOfEdges$1.validateNumberOfEdges;
+       var validateEarthRadius = validateEarthRadius$1.validateEarthRadius;
+       var validateBearing = validateBearing$1.validateBearing;
+
+       function validateInput$1(_ref) {
+         var center = _ref.center,
+             radius = _ref.radius,
+             numberOfEdges = _ref.numberOfEdges,
+             earthRadius = _ref.earthRadius,
+             bearing = _ref.bearing;
+         validateCenter(center);
+         validateRadius(radius);
+         validateNumberOfEdges(numberOfEdges);
+         validateEarthRadius(earthRadius);
+         validateBearing(bearing);
+       }
+
+       inputValidation.validateCenter = validateCenter;
+       inputValidation.validateRadius = validateRadius;
+       inputValidation.validateNumberOfEdges = validateNumberOfEdges;
+       inputValidation.validateEarthRadius = validateEarthRadius;
+       inputValidation.validateBearing = validateBearing;
+       inputValidation.validateInput = validateInput$1;
+
+       var validateInput = inputValidation.validateInput;
+       var defaultEarthRadius = 6378137; // equatorial Earth radius
+
+       function toRadians(angleInDegrees) {
+         return angleInDegrees * Math.PI / 180;
+       }
+
+       function toDegrees(angleInRadians) {
+         return angleInRadians * 180 / Math.PI;
+       }
+
+       function offset(c1, distance, earthRadius, bearing) {
+         var lat1 = toRadians(c1[1]);
+         var lon1 = toRadians(c1[0]);
+         var dByR = distance / earthRadius;
+         var lat = Math.asin(Math.sin(lat1) * Math.cos(dByR) + Math.cos(lat1) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(bearing));
+         var lon = lon1 + Math.atan2(Math.sin(bearing) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(lat1), Math.cos(dByR) - Math.sin(lat1) * Math.sin(lat));
+         return [toDegrees(lon), toDegrees(lat)];
+       }
+
+       var circleToPolygon = function circleToPolygon(center, radius, options) {
+         var n = getNumberOfEdges(options);
+         var earthRadius = getEarthRadius(options);
+         var bearing = getBearing(options);
+         var direction = getDirection(options); // validateInput() throws error on invalid input and do nothing on valid input
+
+         validateInput({
+           center: center,
+           radius: radius,
+           numberOfEdges: n,
+           earthRadius: earthRadius,
+           bearing: bearing
+         });
+         var start = toRadians(bearing);
+         var coordinates = [];
 
-             prev = curr;
-           }
+         for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+           coordinates.push(offset(center, radius, earthRadius, start + direction * 2 * Math.PI * -i / n));
+         }
 
-           return true;
-         },
-         // returns an object with the tag that implies this is an area, if any
-         tagSuggestingArea: function tagSuggestingArea() {
-           return osmTagSuggestingArea(this.tags);
-         },
-         isArea: function isArea() {
-           if (this.tags.area === 'yes') return true;
-           if (!this.isClosed() || this.tags.area === 'no') return false;
-           return this.tagSuggestingArea() !== null;
-         },
-         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
-           return new Set(this.nodes).size < (this.isArea() ? 3 : 2);
-         },
-         areAdjacent: function areAdjacent(n1, n2) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
-             if (this.nodes[i] === n1) {
-               if (this.nodes[i - 1] === n2) return true;
-               if (this.nodes[i + 1] === n2) return true;
-             }
-           }
+         coordinates.push(coordinates[0]);
+         return {
+           type: "Polygon",
+           coordinates: [coordinates]
+         };
+       };
 
-           return false;
-         },
-         geometry: function geometry(graph) {
-           return graph["transient"](this, 'geometry', function () {
-             return this.isArea() ? 'area' : 'line';
-           });
-         },
-         // returns an array of objects representing the segments between the nodes in this way
-         segments: function segments(graph) {
-           function segmentExtent(graph) {
-             var n1 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[0]);
-             var n2 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[1]);
-             return n1 && n2 && geoExtent([[Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])], [Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])]]);
-           }
+       function getNumberOfEdges(options) {
+         if (isUndefinedOrNull(options)) {
+           return 32;
+         } else if (isObjectNotArray(options)) {
+           var numberOfEdges = options.numberOfEdges;
+           return numberOfEdges === undefined ? 32 : numberOfEdges;
+         }
 
-           return graph["transient"](this, 'segments', function () {
-             var segments = [];
+         return options;
+       }
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-               segments.push({
-                 id: this.id + '-' + i,
-                 wayId: this.id,
-                 index: i,
-                 nodes: [this.nodes[i], this.nodes[i + 1]],
-                 extent: segmentExtent
-               });
-             }
+       function getEarthRadius(options) {
+         if (isUndefinedOrNull(options)) {
+           return defaultEarthRadius;
+         } else if (isObjectNotArray(options)) {
+           var earthRadius = options.earthRadius;
+           return earthRadius === undefined ? defaultEarthRadius : earthRadius;
+         }
 
-             return segments;
-           });
-         },
-         // If this way is not closed, append the beginning node to the end of the nodelist to close it.
-         close: function close() {
-           if (this.isClosed() || !this.nodes.length) return this;
-           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
-           nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-           return this.update({
-             nodes: nodes
-           });
-         },
-         // If this way is closed, remove any connector nodes from the end of the nodelist to unclose it.
-         unclose: function unclose() {
-           if (!this.isClosed()) return this;
-           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-           var connector = this.first();
-           var i = nodes.length - 1; // remove trailing connectors..
+         return defaultEarthRadius;
+       }
 
-           while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-             nodes.splice(i, 1);
-             i = nodes.length - 1;
-           }
+       function getDirection(options) {
+         if (isObjectNotArray(options) && options.rightHandRule) {
+           return -1;
+         }
 
-           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
-           return this.update({
-             nodes: nodes
-           });
-         },
-         // Adds a node (id) in front of the node which is currently at position index.
-         // If index is undefined, the node will be added to the end of the way for linear ways,
-         //   or just before the final connecting node for circular ways.
-         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
-         // Circularity is always preserved when adding a node.
-         addNode: function addNode(id, index) {
-           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
-           var max = isClosed ? nodes.length - 1 : nodes.length;
+         return 1;
+       }
 
-           if (index === undefined) {
-             index = max;
-           }
+       function getBearing(options) {
+         if (isUndefinedOrNull(options)) {
+           return 0;
+         } else if (isObjectNotArray(options)) {
+           var bearing = options.bearing;
+           return bearing === undefined ? 0 : bearing;
+         }
 
-           if (index < 0 || index > max) {
-             throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
-           } // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
-           // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
+         return 0;
+       }
 
+       function isObjectNotArray(argument) {
+         return argument !== null && _typeof(argument) === "object" && !Array.isArray(argument);
+       }
 
-           if (isClosed) {
-             var connector = this.first(); // leading connectors..
+       function isUndefinedOrNull(argument) {
+         return argument === null || argument === undefined;
+       }
 
-             var i = 1;
+       var $$f = _export;
 
-             while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-               nodes.splice(i, 1);
-               if (index > i) index--;
-             } // trailing connectors..
+       // `Number.EPSILON` constant
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.epsilon
+       $$f({ target: 'Number', stat: true }, {
+         EPSILON: Math.pow(2, -52)
+       });
 
+       var requireObjectCoercible$4 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
 
-             i = nodes.length - 1;
+       var quot = /"/g;
 
-             while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-               nodes.splice(i, 1);
-               if (index > i) index--;
-               i = nodes.length - 1;
-             }
-           }
+       // `CreateHTML` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-createhtml
+       var createHtml = function (string, tag, attribute, value) {
+         var S = String(requireObjectCoercible$4(string));
+         var p1 = '<' + tag;
+         if (attribute !== '') p1 += ' ' + attribute + '="' + String(value).replace(quot, '&quot;') + '"';
+         return p1 + '>' + S + '</' + tag + '>';
+       };
 
-           nodes.splice(index, 0, id);
-           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
+       var fails$6 = fails$N;
 
-           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
-             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-           }
+       // check the existence of a method, lowercase
+       // of a tag and escaping quotes in arguments
+       var stringHtmlForced = function (METHOD_NAME) {
+         return fails$6(function () {
+           var test = ''[METHOD_NAME]('"');
+           return test !== test.toLowerCase() || test.split('"').length > 3;
+         });
+       };
 
-           return this.update({
-             nodes: nodes
-           });
-         },
-         // Replaces the node which is currently at position index with the given node (id).
-         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
-         // Circularity is preserved when updating a node.
-         updateNode: function updateNode(id, index) {
-           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
-           var max = nodes.length - 1;
+       var $$e = _export;
+       var createHTML = createHtml;
+       var forcedStringHTMLMethod = stringHtmlForced;
 
-           if (index === undefined || index < 0 || index > max) {
-             throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
-           } // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
-           // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
+       // `String.prototype.link` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.link
+       $$e({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: forcedStringHTMLMethod('link') }, {
+         link: function link(url) {
+           return createHTML(this, 'a', 'href', url);
+         }
+       });
 
+       /**
+        * splaytree v3.1.0
+        * Fast Splay tree for Node and browser
+        *
+        * @author Alexander Milevski <info@w8r.name>
+        * @license MIT
+        * @preserve
+        */
+       var Node =
+       /** @class */
+       function () {
+         function Node(key, data) {
+           this.next = null;
+           this.key = key;
+           this.data = data;
+           this.left = null;
+           this.right = null;
+         }
 
-           if (isClosed) {
-             var connector = this.first(); // leading connectors..
+         return Node;
+       }();
+       /* follows "An implementation of top-down splaying"
+        * by D. Sleator <sleator@cs.cmu.edu> March 1992
+        */
 
-             var i = 1;
 
-             while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-               nodes.splice(i, 1);
-               if (index > i) index--;
-             } // trailing connectors..
+       function DEFAULT_COMPARE(a, b) {
+         return a > b ? 1 : a < b ? -1 : 0;
+       }
+       /**
+        * Simple top down splay, not requiring i to be in the tree t.
+        */
 
 
-             i = nodes.length - 1;
+       function splay(i, t, comparator) {
+         var N = new Node(null, null);
+         var l = N;
+         var r = N;
 
-             while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-               nodes.splice(i, 1);
-               if (index === i) index = 0; // update leading connector instead
+         while (true) {
+           var cmp = comparator(i, t.key); //if (i < t.key) {
 
-               i = nodes.length - 1;
+           if (cmp < 0) {
+             if (t.left === null) break; //if (i < t.left.key) {
+
+             if (comparator(i, t.left.key) < 0) {
+               var y = t.left;
+               /* rotate right */
+
+               t.left = y.right;
+               y.right = t;
+               t = y;
+               if (t.left === null) break;
              }
-           }
 
-           nodes.splice(index, 1, id);
-           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
+             r.left = t;
+             /* link right */
 
-           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
-             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-           }
+             r = t;
+             t = t.left; //} else if (i > t.key) {
+           } else if (cmp > 0) {
+             if (t.right === null) break; //if (i > t.right.key) {
 
-           return this.update({
-             nodes: nodes
-           });
-         },
-         // Replaces each occurrence of node id needle with replacement.
-         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
-         // Circularity is preserved.
-         replaceNode: function replaceNode(needleID, replacementID) {
-           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+             if (comparator(i, t.right.key) > 0) {
+               var y = t.right;
+               /* rotate left */
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-             if (nodes[i] === needleID) {
-               nodes[i] = replacementID;
+               t.right = y.left;
+               y.left = t;
+               t = y;
+               if (t.right === null) break;
              }
-           }
 
-           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
+             l.right = t;
+             /* link left */
 
-           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
-             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-           }
+             l = t;
+             t = t.right;
+           } else break;
+         }
+         /* assemble */
 
-           return this.update({
-             nodes: nodes
-           });
-         },
-         // Removes each occurrence of node id.
-         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
-         // Circularity is preserved.
-         removeNode: function removeNode(id) {
-           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
-           nodes = nodes.filter(function (node) {
-             return node !== id;
-           }).filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
 
-           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
-             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-           }
+         l.right = t.left;
+         r.left = t.right;
+         t.left = N.right;
+         t.right = N.left;
+         return t;
+       }
 
-           return this.update({
-             nodes: nodes
-           });
-         },
-         asJXON: function asJXON(changeset_id) {
-           var r = {
-             way: {
-               '@id': this.osmId(),
-               '@version': this.version || 0,
-               nd: this.nodes.map(function (id) {
-                 return {
-                   keyAttributes: {
-                     ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(id)
-                   }
-                 };
-               }, this),
-               tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
-                 return {
-                   keyAttributes: {
-                     k: k,
-                     v: this.tags[k]
-                   }
-                 };
-               }, this)
-             }
-           };
+       function insert(i, data, t, comparator) {
+         var node = new Node(i, data);
 
-           if (changeset_id) {
-             r.way['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
-           }
+         if (t === null) {
+           node.left = node.right = null;
+           return node;
+         }
 
-           return r;
-         },
-         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'GeoJSON', function () {
-             var coordinates = resolver.childNodes(this).map(function (n) {
-               return n.loc;
-             });
+         t = splay(i, t, comparator);
+         var cmp = comparator(i, t.key);
 
-             if (this.isArea() && this.isClosed()) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'Polygon',
-                 coordinates: [coordinates]
-               };
-             } else {
-               return {
-                 type: 'LineString',
-                 coordinates: coordinates
-               };
-             }
-           });
-         },
-         area: function area(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'area', function () {
-             var nodes = resolver.childNodes(this);
-             var json = {
-               type: 'Polygon',
-               coordinates: [nodes.map(function (n) {
-                 return n.loc;
-               })]
-             };
+         if (cmp < 0) {
+           node.left = t.left;
+           node.right = t;
+           t.left = null;
+         } else if (cmp >= 0) {
+           node.right = t.right;
+           node.left = t;
+           t.right = null;
+         }
 
-             if (!this.isClosed() && nodes.length) {
-               json.coordinates[0].push(nodes[0].loc);
-             }
+         return node;
+       }
 
-             var area = d3_geoArea(json); // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
-             // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
+       function split(key, v, comparator) {
+         var left = null;
+         var right = null;
 
-             if (area > 2 * Math.PI) {
-               json.coordinates[0] = json.coordinates[0].reverse();
-               area = d3_geoArea(json);
-             }
+         if (v) {
+           v = splay(key, v, comparator);
+           var cmp = comparator(v.key, key);
 
-             return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
-           });
+           if (cmp === 0) {
+             left = v.left;
+             right = v.right;
+           } else if (cmp < 0) {
+             right = v.right;
+             v.right = null;
+             left = v;
+           } else {
+             left = v.left;
+             v.left = null;
+             right = v;
+           }
          }
-       }); // Filter function to eliminate consecutive duplicates.
 
-       function noRepeatNodes(node, i, arr) {
-         return i === 0 || node !== arr[i - 1];
+         return {
+           left: left,
+           right: right
+         };
        }
 
-       //
-       // 1. Relation tagged with `type=multipolygon` and no interesting tags.
-       // 2. One and only one member with the `outer` role. Must be a way with interesting tags.
-       // 3. No members without a role.
-       //
-       // Old multipolygons are no longer recommended but are still rendered as areas by iD.
+       function merge$3(left, right, comparator) {
+         if (right === null) return left;
+         if (left === null) return right;
+         right = splay(left.key, right, comparator);
+         right.left = left;
+         return right;
+       }
+       /**
+        * Prints level of the tree
+        */
 
-       function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph) {
-         if (entity.type !== 'relation' || !entity.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) {
-           return false;
+
+       function printRow(root, prefix, isTail, out, printNode) {
+         if (root) {
+           out("" + prefix + (isTail ? '└── ' : '├── ') + printNode(root) + "\n");
+           var indent = prefix + (isTail ? '    ' : '│   ');
+           if (root.left) printRow(root.left, indent, false, out, printNode);
+           if (root.right) printRow(root.right, indent, true, out, printNode);
          }
+       }
 
-         var outerMember;
+       var Tree =
+       /** @class */
+       function () {
+         function Tree(comparator) {
+           if (comparator === void 0) {
+             comparator = DEFAULT_COMPARE;
+           }
 
-         for (var memberIndex in entity.members) {
-           var member = entity.members[memberIndex];
+           this._root = null;
+           this._size = 0;
+           this._comparator = comparator;
+         }
+         /**
+          * Inserts a key, allows duplicates
+          */
 
-           if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
-             if (outerMember) return false;
-             if (member.type !== 'way') return false;
-             if (!graph.hasEntity(member.id)) return false;
-             outerMember = graph.entity(member.id);
 
-             if (Object.keys(outerMember.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0) {
-               return false;
-             }
+         Tree.prototype.insert = function (key, data) {
+           this._size++;
+           return this._root = insert(key, data, this._root, this._comparator);
+         };
+         /**
+          * Adds a key, if it is not present in the tree
+          */
+
+
+         Tree.prototype.add = function (key, data) {
+           var node = new Node(key, data);
+
+           if (this._root === null) {
+             node.left = node.right = null;
+             this._size++;
+             this._root = node;
            }
-         }
 
-         return outerMember;
-       } // For fixing up rendering of multipolygons with tags on the outer member.
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/613
+           var comparator = this._comparator;
+           var t = splay(key, this._root, comparator);
+           var cmp = comparator(key, t.key);
+           if (cmp === 0) this._root = t;else {
+             if (cmp < 0) {
+               node.left = t.left;
+               node.right = t;
+               t.left = null;
+             } else if (cmp > 0) {
+               node.right = t.right;
+               node.left = t;
+               t.right = null;
+             }
 
-       function osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
-         if (entity.type !== 'way' || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0) return false;
-         var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
-         if (parents.length !== 1) return false;
-         var parent = parents[0];
-         if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) return false;
-         var members = parent.members,
-             member;
+             this._size++;
+             this._root = node;
+           }
+           return this._root;
+         };
+         /**
+          * @param  {Key} key
+          * @return {Node|null}
+          */
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
-           member = members[i];
-           if (member.id === entity.id && member.role && member.role !== 'outer') return false; // Not outer member
 
-           if (member.id !== entity.id && (!member.role || member.role === 'outer')) return false; // Not a simple multipolygon
-         }
+         Tree.prototype.remove = function (key) {
+           this._root = this._remove(key, this._root, this._comparator);
+         };
+         /**
+          * Deletes i from the tree if it's there
+          */
 
-         return parent;
-       }
-       function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
-         if (entity.type !== 'way') return false;
-         var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
-         if (parents.length !== 1) return false;
-         var parent = parents[0];
-         if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) return false;
-         var members = parent.members,
-             member,
-             outerMember;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
-           member = members[i];
+         Tree.prototype._remove = function (i, t, comparator) {
+           var x;
+           if (t === null) return null;
+           t = splay(i, t, comparator);
+           var cmp = comparator(i, t.key);
 
-           if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
-             if (outerMember) return false; // Not a simple multipolygon
+           if (cmp === 0) {
+             /* found it */
+             if (t.left === null) {
+               x = t.right;
+             } else {
+               x = splay(i, t.left, comparator);
+               x.right = t.right;
+             }
 
-             outerMember = member;
+             this._size--;
+             return x;
            }
-         }
 
-         if (!outerMember) return false;
-         var outerEntity = graph.hasEntity(outerMember.id);
-         if (!outerEntity || !Object.keys(outerEntity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length) return false;
-         return outerEntity;
-       } // Join `toJoin` array into sequences of connecting ways.
-       // Segments which share identical start/end nodes will, as much as possible,
-       // be connected with each other.
-       //
-       // The return value is a nested array. Each constituent array contains elements
-       // of `toJoin` which have been determined to connect.
-       //
-       // Each consitituent array also has a `nodes` property whose value is an
-       // ordered array of member nodes, with appropriate order reversal and
-       // start/end coordinate de-duplication.
-       //
-       // Members of `toJoin` must have, at minimum, `type` and `id` properties.
-       // Thus either an array of `osmWay`s or a relation member array may be used.
-       //
-       // If an member is an `osmWay`, its tags and childnodes may be reversed via
-       // `actionReverse` in the output.
-       //
-       // The returned sequences array also has an `actions` array property, containing
-       // any reversal actions that should be applied to the graph, should the calling
-       // code attempt to actually join the given ways.
-       //
-       // Incomplete members (those for which `graph.hasEntity(element.id)` returns
-       // false) and non-way members are ignored.
-       //
+           return t;
+           /* It wasn't there */
+         };
+         /**
+          * Removes and returns the node with smallest key
+          */
+
 
-       function osmJoinWays(toJoin, graph) {
-         function resolve(member) {
-           return graph.childNodes(graph.entity(member.id));
-         }
+         Tree.prototype.pop = function () {
+           var node = this._root;
 
-         function reverse(item) {
-           var action = actionReverse(item.id, {
-             reverseOneway: true
-           });
-           sequences.actions.push(action);
-           return item instanceof osmWay ? action(graph).entity(item.id) : item;
-         } // make a copy containing only the items to join
+           if (node) {
+             while (node.left) {
+               node = node.left;
+             }
+
+             this._root = splay(node.key, this._root, this._comparator);
+             this._root = this._remove(node.key, this._root, this._comparator);
+             return {
+               key: node.key,
+               data: node.data
+             };
+           }
 
+           return null;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Find without splaying
+          */
 
-         toJoin = toJoin.filter(function (member) {
-           return member.type === 'way' && graph.hasEntity(member.id);
-         }); // Are the things we are joining relation members or `osmWays`?
-         // If `osmWays`, skip the "prefer a forward path" code below (see #4872)
 
-         var i;
-         var joinAsMembers = true;
+         Tree.prototype.findStatic = function (key) {
+           var current = this._root;
+           var compare = this._comparator;
 
-         for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
-           if (toJoin[i] instanceof osmWay) {
-             joinAsMembers = false;
-             break;
+           while (current) {
+             var cmp = compare(key, current.key);
+             if (cmp === 0) return current;else if (cmp < 0) current = current.left;else current = current.right;
            }
-         }
 
-         var sequences = [];
-         sequences.actions = [];
+           return null;
+         };
 
-         while (toJoin.length) {
-           // start a new sequence
-           var item = toJoin.shift();
-           var currWays = [item];
-           var currNodes = resolve(item).slice(); // add to it
+         Tree.prototype.find = function (key) {
+           if (this._root) {
+             this._root = splay(key, this._root, this._comparator);
+             if (this._comparator(key, this._root.key) !== 0) return null;
+           }
 
-           while (toJoin.length) {
-             var start = currNodes[0];
-             var end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
-             var fn = null;
-             var nodes = null; // Find the next way/member to join.
+           return this._root;
+         };
 
-             for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
-               item = toJoin[i];
-               nodes = resolve(item); // (for member ordering only, not way ordering - see #4872)
-               // Strongly prefer to generate a forward path that preserves the order
-               // of the members array. For multipolygons and most relations, member
-               // order does not matter - but for routes, it does. (see #4589)
-               // If we started this sequence backwards (i.e. next member way attaches to
-               // the start node and not the end node), reverse the initial way before continuing.
+         Tree.prototype.contains = function (key) {
+           var current = this._root;
+           var compare = this._comparator;
 
-               if (joinAsMembers && currWays.length === 1 && nodes[0] !== end && nodes[nodes.length - 1] !== end && (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start || nodes[0] === start)) {
-                 currWays[0] = reverse(currWays[0]);
-                 currNodes.reverse();
-                 start = currNodes[0];
-                 end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
-               }
+           while (current) {
+             var cmp = compare(key, current.key);
+             if (cmp === 0) return true;else if (cmp < 0) current = current.left;else current = current.right;
+           }
 
-               if (nodes[0] === end) {
-                 fn = currNodes.push; // join to end
+           return false;
+         };
 
-                 nodes = nodes.slice(1);
-                 break;
-               } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === end) {
-                 fn = currNodes.push; // join to end
+         Tree.prototype.forEach = function (visitor, ctx) {
+           var current = this._root;
+           var Q = [];
+           /* Initialize stack s */
 
-                 nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1).reverse();
-                 item = reverse(item);
-                 break;
-               } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start) {
-                 fn = currNodes.unshift; // join to beginning
+           var done = false;
 
-                 nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1);
-                 break;
-               } else if (nodes[0] === start) {
-                 fn = currNodes.unshift; // join to beginning
+           while (!done) {
+             if (current !== null) {
+               Q.push(current);
+               current = current.left;
+             } else {
+               if (Q.length !== 0) {
+                 current = Q.pop();
+                 visitor.call(ctx, current);
+                 current = current.right;
+               } else done = true;
+             }
+           }
 
-                 nodes = nodes.slice(1).reverse();
-                 item = reverse(item);
+           return this;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Walk key range from `low` to `high`. Stops if `fn` returns a value.
+          */
+
+
+         Tree.prototype.range = function (low, high, fn, ctx) {
+           var Q = [];
+           var compare = this._comparator;
+           var node = this._root;
+           var cmp;
+
+           while (Q.length !== 0 || node) {
+             if (node) {
+               Q.push(node);
+               node = node.left;
+             } else {
+               node = Q.pop();
+               cmp = compare(node.key, high);
+
+               if (cmp > 0) {
                  break;
-               } else {
-                 fn = nodes = null;
+               } else if (compare(node.key, low) >= 0) {
+                 if (fn.call(ctx, node)) return this; // stop if smth is returned
                }
-             }
 
-             if (!nodes) {
-               // couldn't find a joinable way/member
-               break;
+               node = node.right;
              }
-
-             fn.apply(currWays, [item]);
-             fn.apply(currNodes, nodes);
-             toJoin.splice(i, 1);
            }
 
-           currWays.nodes = currNodes;
-           sequences.push(currWays);
-         }
+           return this;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Returns array of keys
+          */
 
-         return sequences;
-       }
 
-       function actionAddMember(relationId, member, memberIndex, insertPair) {
-         return function action(graph) {
-           var relation = graph.entity(relationId); // There are some special rules for Public Transport v2 routes.
+         Tree.prototype.keys = function () {
+           var keys = [];
+           this.forEach(function (_a) {
+             var key = _a.key;
+             return keys.push(key);
+           });
+           return keys;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Returns array of all the data in the nodes
+          */
 
-           var isPTv2 = /stop|platform/.test(member.role);
 
-           if ((isNaN(memberIndex) || insertPair) && member.type === 'way' && !isPTv2) {
-             // Try to perform sensible inserts based on how the ways join together
-             graph = addWayMember(relation, graph);
-           } else {
-             // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
-             // Stops and Platforms for PTv2 should be ordered first.
-             // hack: We do not currently have the ability to place them in the exactly correct order.
-             if (isPTv2 && isNaN(memberIndex)) {
-               memberIndex = 0;
-             }
+         Tree.prototype.values = function () {
+           var values = [];
+           this.forEach(function (_a) {
+             var data = _a.data;
+             return values.push(data);
+           });
+           return values;
+         };
 
-             graph = graph.replace(relation.addMember(member, memberIndex));
+         Tree.prototype.min = function () {
+           if (this._root) return this.minNode(this._root).key;
+           return null;
+         };
+
+         Tree.prototype.max = function () {
+           if (this._root) return this.maxNode(this._root).key;
+           return null;
+         };
+
+         Tree.prototype.minNode = function (t) {
+           if (t === void 0) {
+             t = this._root;
            }
 
-           return graph;
-         }; // Add a way member into the relation "wherever it makes sense".
-         // In this situation we were not supplied a memberIndex.
+           if (t) while (t.left) {
+             t = t.left;
+           }
+           return t;
+         };
 
-         function addWayMember(relation, graph) {
-           var groups, tempWay, item, i, j, k; // remove PTv2 stops and platforms before doing anything.
+         Tree.prototype.maxNode = function (t) {
+           if (t === void 0) {
+             t = this._root;
+           }
 
-           var PTv2members = [];
-           var members = [];
+           if (t) while (t.right) {
+             t = t.right;
+           }
+           return t;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Returns node at given index
+          */
 
-           for (i = 0; i < relation.members.length; i++) {
-             var m = relation.members[i];
 
-             if (/stop|platform/.test(m.role)) {
-               PTv2members.push(m);
+         Tree.prototype.at = function (index) {
+           var current = this._root;
+           var done = false;
+           var i = 0;
+           var Q = [];
+
+           while (!done) {
+             if (current) {
+               Q.push(current);
+               current = current.left;
              } else {
-               members.push(m);
+               if (Q.length > 0) {
+                 current = Q.pop();
+                 if (i === index) return current;
+                 i++;
+                 current = current.right;
+               } else done = true;
              }
            }
 
-           relation = relation.update({
-             members: members
-           });
+           return null;
+         };
 
-           if (insertPair) {
-             // We're adding a member that must stay paired with an existing member.
-             // (This feature is used by `actionSplit`)
-             //
-             // This is tricky because the members may exist multiple times in the
-             // member list, and with different A-B/B-A ordering and different roles.
-             // (e.g. a bus route that loops out and back - #4589).
-             //
-             // Replace the existing member with a temporary way,
-             // so that `osmJoinWays` can treat the pair like a single way.
-             tempWay = osmWay({
-               id: 'wTemp',
-               nodes: insertPair.nodes
-             });
-             graph = graph.replace(tempWay);
-             var tempMember = {
-               id: tempWay.id,
-               type: 'way',
-               role: member.role
-             };
-             var tempRelation = relation.replaceMember({
-               id: insertPair.originalID
-             }, tempMember, true);
-             groups = utilArrayGroupBy(tempRelation.members, 'type');
-             groups.way = groups.way || [];
-           } else {
-             // Add the member anywhere, one time. Just push and let `osmJoinWays` decide where to put it.
-             groups = utilArrayGroupBy(relation.members, 'type');
-             groups.way = groups.way || [];
-             groups.way.push(member);
+         Tree.prototype.next = function (d) {
+           var root = this._root;
+           var successor = null;
+
+           if (d.right) {
+             successor = d.right;
+
+             while (successor.left) {
+               successor = successor.left;
+             }
+
+             return successor;
            }
 
-           members = withIndex(groups.way);
-           var joined = osmJoinWays(members, graph); // `joined` might not contain all of the way members,
-           // But will contain only the completed (downloaded) members
+           var comparator = this._comparator;
 
-           for (i = 0; i < joined.length; i++) {
-             var segment = joined[i];
-             var nodes = segment.nodes.slice();
-             var startIndex = segment[0].index; // j = array index in `members` where this segment starts
+           while (root) {
+             var cmp = comparator(d.key, root.key);
+             if (cmp === 0) break;else if (cmp < 0) {
+               successor = root;
+               root = root.left;
+             } else root = root.right;
+           }
 
-             for (j = 0; j < members.length; j++) {
-               if (members[j].index === startIndex) {
-                 break;
-               }
-             } // k = each member in segment
+           return successor;
+         };
 
+         Tree.prototype.prev = function (d) {
+           var root = this._root;
+           var predecessor = null;
 
-             for (k = 0; k < segment.length; k++) {
-               item = segment[k];
-               var way = graph.entity(item.id); // If this is a paired item, generate members in correct order and role
+           if (d.left !== null) {
+             predecessor = d.left;
 
-               if (tempWay && item.id === tempWay.id) {
-                 if (nodes[0].id === insertPair.nodes[0]) {
-                   item.pair = [{
-                     id: insertPair.originalID,
-                     type: 'way',
-                     role: item.role
-                   }, {
-                     id: insertPair.insertedID,
-                     type: 'way',
-                     role: item.role
-                   }];
-                 } else {
-                   item.pair = [{
-                     id: insertPair.insertedID,
-                     type: 'way',
-                     role: item.role
-                   }, {
-                     id: insertPair.originalID,
-                     type: 'way',
-                     role: item.role
-                   }];
-                 }
-               } // reorder `members` if necessary
+             while (predecessor.right) {
+               predecessor = predecessor.right;
+             }
 
+             return predecessor;
+           }
 
-               if (k > 0) {
-                 if (j + k >= members.length || item.index !== members[j + k].index) {
-                   moveMember(members, item.index, j + k);
-                 }
-               }
+           var comparator = this._comparator;
 
-               nodes.splice(0, way.nodes.length - 1);
+           while (root) {
+             var cmp = comparator(d.key, root.key);
+             if (cmp === 0) break;else if (cmp < 0) root = root.left;else {
+               predecessor = root;
+               root = root.right;
              }
            }
 
-           if (tempWay) {
-             graph = graph.remove(tempWay);
-           } // Final pass: skip dead items, split pairs, remove index properties
+           return predecessor;
+         };
 
+         Tree.prototype.clear = function () {
+           this._root = null;
+           this._size = 0;
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           var wayMembers = [];
+         Tree.prototype.toList = function () {
+           return toList(this._root);
+         };
+         /**
+          * Bulk-load items. Both array have to be same size
+          */
 
-           for (i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
-             item = members[i];
-             if (item.index === -1) continue;
 
-             if (item.pair) {
-               wayMembers.push(item.pair[0]);
-               wayMembers.push(item.pair[1]);
-             } else {
-               wayMembers.push(utilObjectOmit(item, ['index']));
-             }
-           } // Put stops and platforms first, then nodes, ways, relations
-           // This is recommended for Public Transport v2 routes:
-           // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
+         Tree.prototype.load = function (keys, values, presort) {
+           if (values === void 0) {
+             values = [];
+           }
 
+           if (presort === void 0) {
+             presort = false;
+           }
 
-           var newMembers = PTv2members.concat(groups.node || [], wayMembers, groups.relation || []);
-           return graph.replace(relation.update({
-             members: newMembers
-           })); // `moveMember()` changes the `members` array in place by splicing
-           // the item with `.index = findIndex` to where it belongs,
-           // and marking the old position as "dead" with `.index = -1`
-           //
-           // j=5, k=0                jk
-           // segment                 5 4 7 6
-           // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        keep 5 in j+k
-           //
-           // j=5, k=1                j k
-           // segment                 5 4 7 6
-           // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        move 4 to j+k
-           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      moved
-           //
-           // j=5, k=2                j   k
-           // segment                 5 4 7 6
-           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      move 7 to j+k
-           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    moved
-           //
-           // j=5, k=3                j     k
-           // segment                 5 4 7 6
-           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    keep 6 in j+k
-           //
+           var size = keys.length;
+           var comparator = this._comparator; // sort if needed
 
-           function moveMember(arr, findIndex, toIndex) {
-             var i;
+           if (presort) sort(keys, values, 0, size - 1, comparator);
 
-             for (i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-               if (arr[i].index === findIndex) {
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
+           if (this._root === null) {
+             // empty tree
+             this._root = loadRecursive(keys, values, 0, size);
+             this._size = size;
+           } else {
+             // that re-builds the whole tree from two in-order traversals
+             var mergedList = mergeLists(this.toList(), createList(keys, values), comparator);
+             size = this._size + size;
+             this._root = sortedListToBST({
+               head: mergedList
+             }, 0, size);
+           }
 
-             var item = Object.assign({}, arr[i]); // shallow copy
+           return this;
+         };
 
-             arr[i].index = -1; // mark as dead
+         Tree.prototype.isEmpty = function () {
+           return this._root === null;
+         };
 
-             item.index = toIndex;
-             arr.splice(toIndex, 0, item);
-           } // This is the same as `Relation.indexedMembers`,
-           // Except we don't want to index all the members, only the ways
+         Object.defineProperty(Tree.prototype, "size", {
+           get: function get() {
+             return this._size;
+           },
+           enumerable: true,
+           configurable: true
+         });
+         Object.defineProperty(Tree.prototype, "root", {
+           get: function get() {
+             return this._root;
+           },
+           enumerable: true,
+           configurable: true
+         });
 
+         Tree.prototype.toString = function (printNode) {
+           if (printNode === void 0) {
+             printNode = function printNode(n) {
+               return String(n.key);
+             };
+           }
 
-           function withIndex(arr) {
-             var result = new Array(arr.length);
+           var out = [];
+           printRow(this._root, '', true, function (v) {
+             return out.push(v);
+           }, printNode);
+           return out.join('');
+         };
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-               result[i] = Object.assign({}, arr[i]); // shallow copy
+         Tree.prototype.update = function (key, newKey, newData) {
+           var comparator = this._comparator;
 
-               result[i].index = i;
-             }
+           var _a = split(key, this._root, comparator),
+               left = _a.left,
+               right = _a.right;
 
-             return result;
+           if (comparator(key, newKey) < 0) {
+             right = insert(newKey, newData, right, comparator);
+           } else {
+             left = insert(newKey, newData, left, comparator);
            }
-         }
-       }
-
-       function actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, node) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           graph = graph.replace(node.move(midpoint.loc));
-           var parents = utilArrayIntersection(graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[0])), graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[1])));
-           parents.forEach(function (way) {
-             for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-               if (geoEdgeEqual([way.nodes[i], way.nodes[i + 1]], midpoint.edge)) {
-                 graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(way.id).addNode(node.id, i + 1)); // Add only one midpoint on doubled-back segments,
-                 // turning them into self-intersections.
 
-                 return;
-               }
-             }
-           });
-           return graph;
+           this._root = merge$3(left, right, comparator);
          };
-       }
 
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/AddNodeToWayAction.as
-       function actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).addNode(nodeId, index));
+         Tree.prototype.split = function (key) {
+           return split(key, this._root, this._comparator);
          };
-       }
 
-       function actionChangeMember(relationId, member, memberIndex) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).updateMember(member, memberIndex));
-         };
+         return Tree;
+       }();
+
+       function loadRecursive(keys, values, start, end) {
+         var size = end - start;
+
+         if (size > 0) {
+           var middle = start + Math.floor(size / 2);
+           var key = keys[middle];
+           var data = values[middle];
+           var node = new Node(key, data);
+           node.left = loadRecursive(keys, values, start, middle);
+           node.right = loadRecursive(keys, values, middle + 1, end);
+           return node;
+         }
+
+         return null;
        }
 
-       function actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, newPreset, skipFieldDefaults) {
-         return function action(graph) {
-           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
-           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-           var tags = entity.tags;
-           if (oldPreset) tags = oldPreset.unsetTags(tags, geometry);
-           if (newPreset) tags = newPreset.setTags(tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults);
-           return graph.replace(entity.update({
-             tags: tags
-           }));
-         };
+       function createList(keys, values) {
+         var head = new Node(null, null);
+         var p = head;
+
+         for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+           p = p.next = new Node(keys[i], values[i]);
+         }
+
+         p.next = null;
+         return head.next;
        }
 
-       function actionChangeTags(entityId, tags) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
-           return graph.replace(entity.update({
-             tags: tags
-           }));
-         };
+       function toList(root) {
+         var current = root;
+         var Q = [];
+         var done = false;
+         var head = new Node(null, null);
+         var p = head;
+
+         while (!done) {
+           if (current) {
+             Q.push(current);
+             current = current.left;
+           } else {
+             if (Q.length > 0) {
+               current = p = p.next = Q.pop();
+               current = current.right;
+             } else done = true;
+           }
+         }
+
+         p.next = null; // that'll work even if the tree was empty
+
+         return head.next;
        }
 
-       function osmNode() {
-         if (!(this instanceof osmNode)) {
-           return new osmNode().initialize(arguments);
-         } else if (arguments.length) {
-           this.initialize(arguments);
+       function sortedListToBST(list, start, end) {
+         var size = end - start;
+
+         if (size > 0) {
+           var middle = start + Math.floor(size / 2);
+           var left = sortedListToBST(list, start, middle);
+           var root = list.head;
+           root.left = left;
+           list.head = list.head.next;
+           root.right = sortedListToBST(list, middle + 1, end);
+           return root;
          }
+
+         return null;
        }
-       osmEntity.node = osmNode;
-       osmNode.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
-       Object.assign(osmNode.prototype, {
-         type: 'node',
-         loc: [9999, 9999],
-         extent: function extent() {
-           return new geoExtent(this.loc);
-         },
-         geometry: function geometry(graph) {
-           return graph["transient"](this, 'geometry', function () {
-             return graph.isPoi(this) ? 'point' : 'vertex';
-           });
-         },
-         move: function move(loc) {
-           return this.update({
-             loc: loc
-           });
-         },
-         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
-           return !(Array.isArray(this.loc) && this.loc.length === 2 && this.loc[0] >= -180 && this.loc[0] <= 180 && this.loc[1] >= -90 && this.loc[1] <= 90);
-         },
-         // Inspect tags and geometry to determine which direction(s) this node/vertex points
-         directions: function directions(resolver, projection) {
-           var val;
-           var i; // which tag to use?
 
-           if (this.isHighwayIntersection(resolver) && (this.tags.stop || '').toLowerCase() === 'all') {
-             // all-way stop tag on a highway intersection
-             val = 'all';
+       function mergeLists(l1, l2, compare) {
+         var head = new Node(null, null); // dummy
+
+         var p = head;
+         var p1 = l1;
+         var p2 = l2;
+
+         while (p1 !== null && p2 !== null) {
+           if (compare(p1.key, p2.key) < 0) {
+             p.next = p1;
+             p1 = p1.next;
            } else {
-             // generic direction tag
-             val = (this.tags.direction || '').toLowerCase(); // better suffix-style direction tag
+             p.next = p2;
+             p2 = p2.next;
+           }
+
+           p = p.next;
+         }
+
+         if (p1 !== null) {
+           p.next = p1;
+         } else if (p2 !== null) {
+           p.next = p2;
+         }
+
+         return head.next;
+       }
+
+       function sort(keys, values, left, right, compare) {
+         if (left >= right) return;
+         var pivot = keys[left + right >> 1];
+         var i = left - 1;
+         var j = right + 1;
 
-             var re = /:direction$/i;
-             var keys = Object.keys(this.tags);
+         while (true) {
+           do {
+             i++;
+           } while (compare(keys[i], pivot) < 0);
 
-             for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-               if (re.test(keys[i])) {
-                 val = this.tags[keys[i]].toLowerCase();
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
-           }
+           do {
+             j--;
+           } while (compare(keys[j], pivot) > 0);
 
-           if (val === '') return [];
-           var cardinal = {
-             north: 0,
-             n: 0,
-             northnortheast: 22,
-             nne: 22,
-             northeast: 45,
-             ne: 45,
-             eastnortheast: 67,
-             ene: 67,
-             east: 90,
-             e: 90,
-             eastsoutheast: 112,
-             ese: 112,
-             southeast: 135,
-             se: 135,
-             southsoutheast: 157,
-             sse: 157,
-             south: 180,
-             s: 180,
-             southsouthwest: 202,
-             ssw: 202,
-             southwest: 225,
-             sw: 225,
-             westsouthwest: 247,
-             wsw: 247,
-             west: 270,
-             w: 270,
-             westnorthwest: 292,
-             wnw: 292,
-             northwest: 315,
-             nw: 315,
-             northnorthwest: 337,
-             nnw: 337
-           };
-           var values = val.split(';');
-           var results = [];
-           values.forEach(function (v) {
-             // swap cardinal for numeric directions
-             if (cardinal[v] !== undefined) {
-               v = cardinal[v];
-             } // numeric direction - just add to results
+           if (i >= j) break;
+           var tmp = keys[i];
+           keys[i] = keys[j];
+           keys[j] = tmp;
+           tmp = values[i];
+           values[i] = values[j];
+           values[j] = tmp;
+         }
 
+         sort(keys, values, left, j, compare);
+         sort(keys, values, j + 1, right, compare);
+       }
 
-             if (v !== '' && !isNaN(+v)) {
-               results.push(+v);
-               return;
-             } // string direction - inspect parent ways
+       function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) {
+         if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
+           throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
+         }
+       }
 
+       function _defineProperties(target, props) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+           var descriptor = props[i];
+           descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
+           descriptor.configurable = true;
+           if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
+           Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
+         }
+       }
 
-             var lookBackward = this.tags['traffic_sign:backward'] || v === 'backward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all';
-             var lookForward = this.tags['traffic_sign:forward'] || v === 'forward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all';
-             if (!lookForward && !lookBackward) return;
-             var nodeIds = {};
-             resolver.parentWays(this).forEach(function (parent) {
-               var nodes = parent.nodes;
+       function _createClass(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
+         if (protoProps) _defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
+         if (staticProps) _defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps);
+         return Constructor;
+       }
+       /**
+        * A bounding box has the format:
+        *
+        *  { ll: { x: xmin, y: ymin }, ur: { x: xmax, y: ymax } }
+        *
+        */
 
-               for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-                 if (nodes[i] === this.id) {
-                   // match current entity
-                   if (lookForward && i > 0) {
-                     nodeIds[nodes[i - 1]] = true; // look back to prev node
-                   }
 
-                   if (lookBackward && i < nodes.length - 1) {
-                     nodeIds[nodes[i + 1]] = true; // look ahead to next node
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-             }, this);
-             Object.keys(nodeIds).forEach(function (nodeId) {
-               // +90 because geoAngle returns angle from X axis, not Y (north)
-               results.push(geoAngle(this, resolver.entity(nodeId), projection) * (180 / Math.PI) + 90);
-             }, this);
-           }, this);
-           return utilArrayUniq(results);
-         },
-         isEndpoint: function isEndpoint(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isEndpoint', function () {
-             var id = this.id;
-             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
-               return !parent.isClosed() && !!parent.affix(id);
-             }).length > 0;
-           });
-         },
-         isConnected: function isConnected(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isConnected', function () {
-             var parents = resolver.parentWays(this);
+       var isInBbox = function isInBbox(bbox, point) {
+         return bbox.ll.x <= point.x && point.x <= bbox.ur.x && bbox.ll.y <= point.y && point.y <= bbox.ur.y;
+       };
+       /* Returns either null, or a bbox (aka an ordered pair of points)
+        * If there is only one point of overlap, a bbox with identical points
+        * will be returned */
 
-             if (parents.length > 1) {
-               // vertex is connected to multiple parent ways
-               for (var i in parents) {
-                 if (parents[i].geometry(resolver) === 'line' && parents[i].hasInterestingTags()) return true;
-               }
-             } else if (parents.length === 1) {
-               var way = parents[0];
-               var nodes = way.nodes.slice();
 
-               if (way.isClosed()) {
-                 nodes.pop();
-               } // ignore connecting node if closed
-               // return true if vertex appears multiple times (way is self intersecting)
+       var getBboxOverlap = function getBboxOverlap(b1, b2) {
+         // check if the bboxes overlap at all
+         if (b2.ur.x < b1.ll.x || b1.ur.x < b2.ll.x || b2.ur.y < b1.ll.y || b1.ur.y < b2.ll.y) return null; // find the middle two X values
 
+         var lowerX = b1.ll.x < b2.ll.x ? b2.ll.x : b1.ll.x;
+         var upperX = b1.ur.x < b2.ur.x ? b1.ur.x : b2.ur.x; // find the middle two Y values
 
-               return nodes.indexOf(this.id) !== nodes.lastIndexOf(this.id);
-             }
+         var lowerY = b1.ll.y < b2.ll.y ? b2.ll.y : b1.ll.y;
+         var upperY = b1.ur.y < b2.ur.y ? b1.ur.y : b2.ur.y; // put those middle values together to get the overlap
 
-             return false;
-           });
-         },
-         parentIntersectionWays: function parentIntersectionWays(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'parentIntersectionWays', function () {
-             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
-               return (parent.tags.highway || parent.tags.waterway || parent.tags.railway || parent.tags.aeroway) && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
-             });
-           });
-         },
-         isIntersection: function isIntersection(resolver) {
-           return this.parentIntersectionWays(resolver).length > 1;
-         },
-         isHighwayIntersection: function isHighwayIntersection(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isHighwayIntersection', function () {
-             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
-               return parent.tags.highway && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
-             }).length > 1;
-           });
-         },
-         isOnAddressLine: function isOnAddressLine(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isOnAddressLine', function () {
-             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
-               return parent.tags.hasOwnProperty('addr:interpolation') && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
-             }).length > 0;
-           });
-         },
-         asJXON: function asJXON(changeset_id) {
-           var r = {
-             node: {
-               '@id': this.osmId(),
-               '@lon': this.loc[0],
-               '@lat': this.loc[1],
-               '@version': this.version || 0,
-               tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
-                 return {
-                   keyAttributes: {
-                     k: k,
-                     v: this.tags[k]
-                   }
-                 };
-               }, this)
-             }
-           };
-           if (changeset_id) r.node['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
-           return r;
-         },
-         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON() {
-           return {
-             type: 'Point',
-             coordinates: this.loc
-           };
-         }
-       });
+         return {
+           ll: {
+             x: lowerX,
+             y: lowerY
+           },
+           ur: {
+             x: upperX,
+             y: upperY
+           }
+         };
+       };
+       /* Javascript doesn't do integer math. Everything is
+        * floating point with percision Number.EPSILON.
+        *
+        * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/EPSILON
+        */
 
-       function actionCircularize(wayId, projection, maxAngle) {
-         maxAngle = (maxAngle || 20) * Math.PI / 180;
 
-         var action = function action(graph, t) {
-           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
-           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-           var origNodes = {};
-           graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function (node) {
-             if (!origNodes[node.id]) origNodes[node.id] = node;
-           });
+       var epsilon = Number.EPSILON; // IE Polyfill
 
-           if (!way.isConvex(graph)) {
-             graph = action.makeConvex(graph);
+       if (epsilon === undefined) epsilon = Math.pow(2, -52);
+       var EPSILON_SQ = epsilon * epsilon;
+       /* FLP comparator */
+
+       var cmp = function cmp(a, b) {
+         // check if they're both 0
+         if (-epsilon < a && a < epsilon) {
+           if (-epsilon < b && b < epsilon) {
+             return 0;
            }
+         } // check if they're flp equal
 
-           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
-           var keyNodes = nodes.filter(function (n) {
-             return graph.parentWays(n).length !== 1;
-           });
-           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
-           });
-           var keyPoints = keyNodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
-           });
-           var centroid = points.length === 2 ? geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5) : d3_polygonCentroid(points);
-           var radius = d3_median(points, function (p) {
-             return geoVecLength(centroid, p);
-           });
-           var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
-           var ids, i, j, k; // we need at least two key nodes for the algorithm to work
 
-           if (!keyNodes.length) {
-             keyNodes = [nodes[0]];
-             keyPoints = [points[0]];
-           }
+         var ab = a - b;
 
-           if (keyNodes.length === 1) {
-             var index = nodes.indexOf(keyNodes[0]);
-             var oppositeIndex = Math.floor((index + nodes.length / 2) % nodes.length);
-             keyNodes.push(nodes[oppositeIndex]);
-             keyPoints.push(points[oppositeIndex]);
-           } // key points and nodes are those connected to the ways,
-           // they are projected onto the circle, in between nodes are moved
-           // to constant intervals between key nodes, extra in between nodes are
-           // added if necessary.
+         if (ab * ab < EPSILON_SQ * a * b) {
+           return 0;
+         } // normal comparison
 
 
-           for (i = 0; i < keyPoints.length; i++) {
-             var nextKeyNodeIndex = (i + 1) % keyNodes.length;
-             var startNode = keyNodes[i];
-             var endNode = keyNodes[nextKeyNodeIndex];
-             var startNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(startNode);
-             var endNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(endNode);
-             var numberNewPoints = -1;
-             var indexRange = endNodeIndex - startNodeIndex;
-             var nearNodes = {};
-             var inBetweenNodes = [];
-             var startAngle, endAngle, totalAngle, eachAngle;
-             var angle, loc, node, origNode;
+         return a < b ? -1 : 1;
+       };
+       /**
+        * This class rounds incoming values sufficiently so that
+        * floating points problems are, for the most part, avoided.
+        *
+        * Incoming points are have their x & y values tested against
+        * all previously seen x & y values. If either is 'too close'
+        * to a previously seen value, it's value is 'snapped' to the
+        * previously seen value.
+        *
+        * All points should be rounded by this class before being
+        * stored in any data structures in the rest of this algorithm.
+        */
 
-             if (indexRange < 0) {
-               indexRange += nodes.length;
-             } // position this key node
 
+       var PtRounder = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function PtRounder() {
+           _classCallCheck(this, PtRounder);
 
-             var distance = geoVecLength(centroid, keyPoints[i]) || 1e-4;
-             keyPoints[i] = [centroid[0] + (keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]) / distance * radius, centroid[1] + (keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1]) / distance * radius];
-             loc = projection.invert(keyPoints[i]);
-             node = keyNodes[i];
-             origNode = origNodes[node.id];
-             node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
-             graph = graph.replace(node); // figure out the between delta angle we want to match to
+           this.reset();
+         }
 
-             startAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]);
-             endAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][0] - centroid[0]);
-             totalAngle = endAngle - startAngle; // detects looping around -pi/pi
+         _createClass(PtRounder, [{
+           key: "reset",
+           value: function reset() {
+             this.xRounder = new CoordRounder();
+             this.yRounder = new CoordRounder();
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "round",
+           value: function round(x, y) {
+             return {
+               x: this.xRounder.round(x),
+               y: this.yRounder.round(y)
+             };
+           }
+         }]);
 
-             if (totalAngle * sign > 0) {
-               totalAngle = -sign * (2 * Math.PI - Math.abs(totalAngle));
-             }
+         return PtRounder;
+       }();
 
-             do {
-               numberNewPoints++;
-               eachAngle = totalAngle / (indexRange + numberNewPoints);
-             } while (Math.abs(eachAngle) > maxAngle); // move existing nodes
+       var CoordRounder = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function CoordRounder() {
+           _classCallCheck(this, CoordRounder);
 
+           this.tree = new Tree(); // preseed with 0 so we don't end up with values < Number.EPSILON
 
-             for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
-               angle = startAngle + j * eachAngle;
-               loc = projection.invert([centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius, centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius]);
-               node = nodes[(j + startNodeIndex) % nodes.length];
-               origNode = origNodes[node.id];
-               nearNodes[node.id] = angle;
-               node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
-               graph = graph.replace(node);
-             } // add new in between nodes if necessary
+           this.round(0);
+         } // Note: this can rounds input values backwards or forwards.
+         //       You might ask, why not restrict this to just rounding
+         //       forwards? Wouldn't that allow left endpoints to always
+         //       remain left endpoints during splitting (never change to
+         //       right). No - it wouldn't, because we snap intersections
+         //       to endpoints (to establish independence from the segment
+         //       angle for t-intersections).
 
 
-             for (j = 0; j < numberNewPoints; j++) {
-               angle = startAngle + (indexRange + j) * eachAngle;
-               loc = projection.invert([centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius, centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius]); // choose a nearnode to use as the original
+         _createClass(CoordRounder, [{
+           key: "round",
+           value: function round(coord) {
+             var node = this.tree.add(coord);
+             var prevNode = this.tree.prev(node);
 
-               var min = Infinity;
+             if (prevNode !== null && cmp(node.key, prevNode.key) === 0) {
+               this.tree.remove(coord);
+               return prevNode.key;
+             }
 
-               for (var nodeId in nearNodes) {
-                 var nearAngle = nearNodes[nodeId];
-                 var dist = Math.abs(nearAngle - angle);
+             var nextNode = this.tree.next(node);
 
-                 if (dist < min) {
-                   min = dist;
-                   origNode = origNodes[nodeId];
-                 }
-               }
+             if (nextNode !== null && cmp(node.key, nextNode.key) === 0) {
+               this.tree.remove(coord);
+               return nextNode.key;
+             }
 
-               node = osmNode({
-                 loc: geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t)
-               });
-               graph = graph.replace(node);
-               nodes.splice(endNodeIndex + j, 0, node);
-               inBetweenNodes.push(node.id);
-             } // Check for other ways that share these keyNodes..
-             // If keyNodes are adjacent in both ways,
-             // we can add inBetweenNodes to that shared way too..
+             return coord;
+           }
+         }]);
 
+         return CoordRounder;
+       }(); // singleton available by import
 
-             if (indexRange === 1 && inBetweenNodes.length) {
-               var startIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
-               var endIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
-               var wayDirection1 = endIndex1 - startIndex1;
 
-               if (wayDirection1 < -1) {
-                 wayDirection1 = 1;
-               }
+       var rounder = new PtRounder();
+       /* Cross Product of two vectors with first point at origin */
 
-               var parentWays = graph.parentWays(keyNodes[i]);
+       var crossProduct = function crossProduct(a, b) {
+         return a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x;
+       };
+       /* Dot Product of two vectors with first point at origin */
 
-               for (j = 0; j < parentWays.length; j++) {
-                 var sharedWay = parentWays[j];
-                 if (sharedWay === way) continue;
 
-                 if (sharedWay.areAdjacent(startNode.id, endNode.id)) {
-                   var startIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
-                   var endIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
-                   var wayDirection2 = endIndex2 - startIndex2;
-                   var insertAt = endIndex2;
+       var dotProduct = function dotProduct(a, b) {
+         return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y;
+       };
+       /* Comparator for two vectors with same starting point */
 
-                   if (wayDirection2 < -1) {
-                     wayDirection2 = 1;
-                   }
 
-                   if (wayDirection1 !== wayDirection2) {
-                     inBetweenNodes.reverse();
-                     insertAt = startIndex2;
-                   }
+       var compareVectorAngles = function compareVectorAngles(basePt, endPt1, endPt2) {
+         var v1 = {
+           x: endPt1.x - basePt.x,
+           y: endPt1.y - basePt.y
+         };
+         var v2 = {
+           x: endPt2.x - basePt.x,
+           y: endPt2.y - basePt.y
+         };
+         var kross = crossProduct(v1, v2);
+         return cmp(kross, 0);
+       };
 
-                   for (k = 0; k < inBetweenNodes.length; k++) {
-                     sharedWay = sharedWay.addNode(inBetweenNodes[k], insertAt + k);
-                   }
+       var length = function length(v) {
+         return Math.sqrt(dotProduct(v, v));
+       };
+       /* Get the sine of the angle from pShared -> pAngle to pShaed -> pBase */
 
-                   graph = graph.replace(sharedWay);
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           } // update the way to have all the new nodes
 
+       var sineOfAngle = function sineOfAngle(pShared, pBase, pAngle) {
+         var vBase = {
+           x: pBase.x - pShared.x,
+           y: pBase.y - pShared.y
+         };
+         var vAngle = {
+           x: pAngle.x - pShared.x,
+           y: pAngle.y - pShared.y
+         };
+         return crossProduct(vAngle, vBase) / length(vAngle) / length(vBase);
+       };
+       /* Get the cosine of the angle from pShared -> pAngle to pShaed -> pBase */
 
-           ids = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return n.id;
-           });
-           ids.push(ids[0]);
-           way = way.update({
-             nodes: ids
-           });
-           graph = graph.replace(way);
-           return graph;
+
+       var cosineOfAngle = function cosineOfAngle(pShared, pBase, pAngle) {
+         var vBase = {
+           x: pBase.x - pShared.x,
+           y: pBase.y - pShared.y
+         };
+         var vAngle = {
+           x: pAngle.x - pShared.x,
+           y: pAngle.y - pShared.y
          };
+         return dotProduct(vAngle, vBase) / length(vAngle) / length(vBase);
+       };
+       /* Get the x coordinate where the given line (defined by a point and vector)
+        * crosses the horizontal line with the given y coordiante.
+        * In the case of parrallel lines (including overlapping ones) returns null. */
 
-         action.makeConvex = function (graph) {
-           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
-           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
-           });
-           var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
-           var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
-           var i, j; // D3 convex hulls go counterclockwise..
 
-           if (sign === -1) {
-             nodes.reverse();
-             points.reverse();
-           }
+       var horizontalIntersection = function horizontalIntersection(pt, v, y) {
+         if (v.y === 0) return null;
+         return {
+           x: pt.x + v.x / v.y * (y - pt.y),
+           y: y
+         };
+       };
+       /* Get the y coordinate where the given line (defined by a point and vector)
+        * crosses the vertical line with the given x coordiante.
+        * In the case of parrallel lines (including overlapping ones) returns null. */
 
-           for (i = 0; i < hull.length - 1; i++) {
-             var startIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i]);
-             var endIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i + 1]);
-             var indexRange = endIndex - startIndex;
 
-             if (indexRange < 0) {
-               indexRange += nodes.length;
-             } // move interior nodes to the surface of the convex hull..
+       var verticalIntersection = function verticalIntersection(pt, v, x) {
+         if (v.x === 0) return null;
+         return {
+           x: x,
+           y: pt.y + v.y / v.x * (x - pt.x)
+         };
+       };
+       /* Get the intersection of two lines, each defined by a base point and a vector.
+        * In the case of parrallel lines (including overlapping ones) returns null. */
 
 
-             for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
-               var point = geoVecInterp(hull[i], hull[i + 1], j / indexRange);
-               var node = nodes[(j + startIndex) % nodes.length].move(projection.invert(point));
-               graph = graph.replace(node);
-             }
-           }
+       var intersection = function intersection(pt1, v1, pt2, v2) {
+         // take some shortcuts for vertical and horizontal lines
+         // this also ensures we don't calculate an intersection and then discover
+         // it's actually outside the bounding box of the line
+         if (v1.x === 0) return verticalIntersection(pt2, v2, pt1.x);
+         if (v2.x === 0) return verticalIntersection(pt1, v1, pt2.x);
+         if (v1.y === 0) return horizontalIntersection(pt2, v2, pt1.y);
+         if (v2.y === 0) return horizontalIntersection(pt1, v1, pt2.y); // General case for non-overlapping segments.
+         // This algorithm is based on Schneider and Eberly.
+         // http://www.cimec.org.ar/~ncalvo/Schneider_Eberly.pdf - pg 244
 
-           return graph;
+         var kross = crossProduct(v1, v2);
+         if (kross == 0) return null;
+         var ve = {
+           x: pt2.x - pt1.x,
+           y: pt2.y - pt1.y
          };
+         var d1 = crossProduct(ve, v1) / kross;
+         var d2 = crossProduct(ve, v2) / kross; // take the average of the two calculations to minimize rounding error
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           if (!graph.entity(wayId).isClosed()) {
-             return 'not_closed';
-           } //disable when already circular
+         var x1 = pt1.x + d2 * v1.x,
+             x2 = pt2.x + d1 * v2.x;
+         var y1 = pt1.y + d2 * v1.y,
+             y2 = pt2.y + d1 * v2.y;
+         var x = (x1 + x2) / 2;
+         var y = (y1 + y2) / 2;
+         return {
+           x: x,
+           y: y
+         };
+       };
 
+       var SweepEvent = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         _createClass(SweepEvent, null, [{
+           key: "compare",
+           // for ordering sweep events in the sweep event queue
+           value: function compare(a, b) {
+             // favor event with a point that the sweep line hits first
+             var ptCmp = SweepEvent.comparePoints(a.point, b.point);
+             if (ptCmp !== 0) return ptCmp; // the points are the same, so link them if needed
 
-           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
-           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
-           });
-           var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
-           var epsilonAngle = Math.PI / 180;
+             if (a.point !== b.point) a.link(b); // favor right events over left
 
-           if (hull.length !== points.length || hull.length < 3) {
-             return false;
-           }
+             if (a.isLeft !== b.isLeft) return a.isLeft ? 1 : -1; // we have two matching left or right endpoints
+             // ordering of this case is the same as for their segments
 
-           var centroid = d3_polygonCentroid(points);
-           var radius = geoVecLengthSquare(centroid, points[0]);
-           var i, actualPoint; // compare distances between centroid and points
+             return Segment.compare(a.segment, b.segment);
+           } // for ordering points in sweep line order
 
-           for (i = 0; i < hull.length; i++) {
-             actualPoint = hull[i];
-             var actualDist = geoVecLengthSquare(actualPoint, centroid);
-             var diff = Math.abs(actualDist - radius); //compare distances with epsilon-error (5%)
+         }, {
+           key: "comparePoints",
+           value: function comparePoints(aPt, bPt) {
+             if (aPt.x < bPt.x) return -1;
+             if (aPt.x > bPt.x) return 1;
+             if (aPt.y < bPt.y) return -1;
+             if (aPt.y > bPt.y) return 1;
+             return 0;
+           } // Warning: 'point' input will be modified and re-used (for performance)
 
-             if (diff > 0.05 * radius) {
-               return false;
-             }
-           } //check if central angles are smaller than maxAngle
+         }]);
 
+         function SweepEvent(point, isLeft) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, SweepEvent);
 
-           for (i = 0; i < hull.length; i++) {
-             actualPoint = hull[i];
-             var nextPoint = hull[(i + 1) % hull.length];
-             var startAngle = Math.atan2(actualPoint[1] - centroid[1], actualPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
-             var endAngle = Math.atan2(nextPoint[1] - centroid[1], nextPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
-             var angle = endAngle - startAngle;
+           if (point.events === undefined) point.events = [this];else point.events.push(this);
+           this.point = point;
+           this.isLeft = isLeft; // this.segment, this.otherSE set by factory
+         }
 
-             if (angle < 0) {
-               angle = -angle;
+         _createClass(SweepEvent, [{
+           key: "link",
+           value: function link(other) {
+             if (other.point === this.point) {
+               throw new Error('Tried to link already linked events');
              }
 
-             if (angle > Math.PI) {
-               angle = 2 * Math.PI - angle;
-             }
+             var otherEvents = other.point.events;
 
-             if (angle > maxAngle + epsilonAngle) {
-               return false;
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = otherEvents.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var evt = otherEvents[i];
+               this.point.events.push(evt);
+               evt.point = this.point;
              }
-           }
 
-           return 'already_circular';
-         };
-
-         action.transitionable = true;
-         return action;
-       }
-
-       function actionDeleteWay(wayID) {
-         function canDeleteNode(node, graph) {
-           // don't delete nodes still attached to ways or relations
-           if (graph.parentWays(node).length || graph.parentRelations(node).length) return false;
-           var geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(node.tags); // don't delete if this node can be a standalone point
-
-           if (geometries.point) return false; // delete if this node only be a vertex
-
-           if (geometries.vertex) return true; // iD doesn't know if this should be a point or vertex,
-           // so only delete if there are no interesting tags
+             this.checkForConsuming();
+           }
+           /* Do a pass over our linked events and check to see if any pair
+            * of segments match, and should be consumed. */
 
-           return !node.hasInterestingTags();
-         }
+         }, {
+           key: "checkForConsuming",
+           value: function checkForConsuming() {
+             // FIXME: The loops in this method run O(n^2) => no good.
+             //        Maintain little ordered sweep event trees?
+             //        Can we maintaining an ordering that avoids the need
+             //        for the re-sorting with getLeftmostComparator in geom-out?
+             // Compare each pair of events to see if other events also match
+             var numEvents = this.point.events.length;
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var way = graph.entity(wayID);
-           graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (parent) {
-             parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(wayID);
-             graph = graph.replace(parent);
+             for (var i = 0; i < numEvents; i++) {
+               var evt1 = this.point.events[i];
+               if (evt1.segment.consumedBy !== undefined) continue;
 
-             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+               for (var j = i + 1; j < numEvents; j++) {
+                 var evt2 = this.point.events[j];
+                 if (evt2.consumedBy !== undefined) continue;
+                 if (evt1.otherSE.point.events !== evt2.otherSE.point.events) continue;
+                 evt1.segment.consume(evt2.segment);
+               }
              }
-           });
-           new Set(way.nodes).forEach(function (nodeID) {
-             graph = graph.replace(way.removeNode(nodeID));
-             var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "getAvailableLinkedEvents",
+           value: function getAvailableLinkedEvents() {
+             // point.events is always of length 2 or greater
+             var events = [];
 
-             if (canDeleteNode(node, graph)) {
-               graph = graph.remove(node);
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.point.events.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var evt = this.point.events[i];
+
+               if (evt !== this && !evt.segment.ringOut && evt.segment.isInResult()) {
+                 events.push(evt);
+               }
              }
-           });
-           return graph.remove(way);
-         };
 
-         return action;
-       }
+             return events;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Returns a comparator function for sorting linked events that will
+            * favor the event that will give us the smallest left-side angle.
+            * All ring construction starts as low as possible heading to the right,
+            * so by always turning left as sharp as possible we'll get polygons
+            * without uncessary loops & holes.
+            *
+            * The comparator function has a compute cache such that it avoids
+            * re-computing already-computed values.
+            */
 
-       function actionDeleteMultiple(ids) {
-         var actions = {
-           way: actionDeleteWay,
-           node: actionDeleteNode,
-           relation: actionDeleteRelation
-         };
+         }, {
+           key: "getLeftmostComparator",
+           value: function getLeftmostComparator(baseEvent) {
+             var _this = this;
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           ids.forEach(function (id) {
-             if (graph.hasEntity(id)) {
-               // It may have been deleted already.
-               graph = actions[graph.entity(id).type](id)(graph);
-             }
-           });
-           return graph;
-         };
+             var cache = new Map();
 
-         return action;
-       }
+             var fillCache = function fillCache(linkedEvent) {
+               var nextEvent = linkedEvent.otherSE;
+               cache.set(linkedEvent, {
+                 sine: sineOfAngle(_this.point, baseEvent.point, nextEvent.point),
+                 cosine: cosineOfAngle(_this.point, baseEvent.point, nextEvent.point)
+               });
+             };
 
-       function actionDeleteRelation(relationID, allowUntaggedMembers) {
-         function canDeleteEntity(entity, graph) {
-           return !graph.parentWays(entity).length && !graph.parentRelations(entity).length && !entity.hasInterestingTags() && !allowUntaggedMembers;
-         }
+             return function (a, b) {
+               if (!cache.has(a)) fillCache(a);
+               if (!cache.has(b)) fillCache(b);
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var relation = graph.entity(relationID);
-           graph.parentRelations(relation).forEach(function (parent) {
-             parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(relationID);
-             graph = graph.replace(parent);
+               var _cache$get = cache.get(a),
+                   asine = _cache$get.sine,
+                   acosine = _cache$get.cosine;
 
-             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
-             }
-           });
-           var memberIDs = utilArrayUniq(relation.members.map(function (m) {
-             return m.id;
-           }));
-           memberIDs.forEach(function (memberID) {
-             graph = graph.replace(relation.removeMembersWithID(memberID));
-             var entity = graph.entity(memberID);
+               var _cache$get2 = cache.get(b),
+                   bsine = _cache$get2.sine,
+                   bcosine = _cache$get2.cosine; // both on or above x-axis
 
-             if (canDeleteEntity(entity, graph)) {
-               graph = actionDeleteMultiple([memberID])(graph);
-             }
-           });
-           return graph.remove(relation);
-         };
 
-         return action;
-       }
+               if (asine >= 0 && bsine >= 0) {
+                 if (acosine < bcosine) return 1;
+                 if (acosine > bcosine) return -1;
+                 return 0;
+               } // both below x-axis
 
-       function actionDeleteNode(nodeId) {
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
-           graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function (parent) {
-             parent = parent.removeNode(nodeId);
-             graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-               graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
-             }
-           });
-           graph.parentRelations(node).forEach(function (parent) {
-             parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(nodeId);
-             graph = graph.replace(parent);
+               if (asine < 0 && bsine < 0) {
+                 if (acosine < bcosine) return -1;
+                 if (acosine > bcosine) return 1;
+                 return 0;
+               } // one above x-axis, one below
 
-             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
-             }
-           });
-           return graph.remove(node);
-         };
 
-         return action;
-       }
+               if (bsine < asine) return -1;
+               if (bsine > asine) return 1;
+               return 0;
+             };
+           }
+         }]);
 
-       //
-       // First choose a node to be the survivor, with preference given
-       // to an existing (not new) node.
-       //
-       // Tags and relation memberships of of non-surviving nodes are merged
-       // to the survivor.
-       //
-       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionDisconnect`.
-       //
-       // Reference:
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeNodesAction.as
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/MergeNodesAction.java
-       //
+         return SweepEvent;
+       }(); // segments and sweep events when all else is identical
 
-       function actionConnect(nodeIDs) {
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var survivor;
-           var node;
-           var parents;
-           var i, j; // Choose a survivor node, prefer an existing (not new) node - #4974
 
-           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-             survivor = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-             if (survivor.version) break; // found one
-           } // Replace all non-surviving nodes with the survivor and merge tags.
+       var segmentId = 0;
 
+       var Segment = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         _createClass(Segment, null, [{
+           key: "compare",
 
-           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-             if (node.id === survivor.id) continue;
-             parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+           /* This compare() function is for ordering segments in the sweep
+            * line tree, and does so according to the following criteria:
+            *
+            * Consider the vertical line that lies an infinestimal step to the
+            * right of the right-more of the two left endpoints of the input
+            * segments. Imagine slowly moving a point up from negative infinity
+            * in the increasing y direction. Which of the two segments will that
+            * point intersect first? That segment comes 'before' the other one.
+            *
+            * If neither segment would be intersected by such a line, (if one
+            * or more of the segments are vertical) then the line to be considered
+            * is directly on the right-more of the two left inputs.
+            */
+           value: function compare(a, b) {
+             var alx = a.leftSE.point.x;
+             var blx = b.leftSE.point.x;
+             var arx = a.rightSE.point.x;
+             var brx = b.rightSE.point.x; // check if they're even in the same vertical plane
 
-             for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
-               graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceNode(node.id, survivor.id));
-             }
+             if (brx < alx) return 1;
+             if (arx < blx) return -1;
+             var aly = a.leftSE.point.y;
+             var bly = b.leftSE.point.y;
+             var ary = a.rightSE.point.y;
+             var bry = b.rightSE.point.y; // is left endpoint of segment B the right-more?
 
-             parents = graph.parentRelations(node);
+             if (alx < blx) {
+               // are the two segments in the same horizontal plane?
+               if (bly < aly && bly < ary) return 1;
+               if (bly > aly && bly > ary) return -1; // is the B left endpoint colinear to segment A?
 
-             for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
-               graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceMember(node, survivor));
-             }
+               var aCmpBLeft = a.comparePoint(b.leftSE.point);
+               if (aCmpBLeft < 0) return 1;
+               if (aCmpBLeft > 0) return -1; // is the A right endpoint colinear to segment B ?
 
-             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(node.tags);
-             graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
-           }
+               var bCmpARight = b.comparePoint(a.rightSE.point);
+               if (bCmpARight !== 0) return bCmpARight; // colinear segments, consider the one with left-more
+               // left endpoint to be first (arbitrary?)
 
-           graph = graph.replace(survivor); // find and delete any degenerate ways created by connecting adjacent vertices
+               return -1;
+             } // is left endpoint of segment A the right-more?
 
-           parents = graph.parentWays(survivor);
 
-           for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-             if (parents[i].isDegenerate()) {
-               graph = actionDeleteWay(parents[i].id)(graph);
-             }
-           }
+             if (alx > blx) {
+               if (aly < bly && aly < bry) return -1;
+               if (aly > bly && aly > bry) return 1; // is the A left endpoint colinear to segment B?
 
-           return graph;
-         };
+               var bCmpALeft = b.comparePoint(a.leftSE.point);
+               if (bCmpALeft !== 0) return bCmpALeft; // is the B right endpoint colinear to segment A?
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           var seen = {};
-           var restrictionIDs = [];
-           var survivor;
-           var node, way;
-           var relations, relation, role;
-           var i, j, k; // Choose a survivor node, prefer an existing (not new) node - #4974
+               var aCmpBRight = a.comparePoint(b.rightSE.point);
+               if (aCmpBRight < 0) return 1;
+               if (aCmpBRight > 0) return -1; // colinear segments, consider the one with left-more
+               // left endpoint to be first (arbitrary?)
 
-           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-             survivor = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-             if (survivor.version) break; // found one
-           } // 1. disable if the nodes being connected have conflicting relation roles
+               return 1;
+             } // if we get here, the two left endpoints are in the same
+             // vertical plane, ie alx === blx
+             // consider the lower left-endpoint to come first
 
 
-           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-             relations = graph.parentRelations(node);
+             if (aly < bly) return -1;
+             if (aly > bly) return 1; // left endpoints are identical
+             // check for colinearity by using the left-more right endpoint
+             // is the A right endpoint more left-more?
 
-             for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
-               relation = relations[j];
-               role = relation.memberById(node.id).role || ''; // if this node is a via node in a restriction, remember for later
+             if (arx < brx) {
+               var _bCmpARight = b.comparePoint(a.rightSE.point);
 
-               if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
-                 restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
-               }
+               if (_bCmpARight !== 0) return _bCmpARight;
+             } // is the B right endpoint more left-more?
 
-               if (seen[relation.id] !== undefined && seen[relation.id] !== role) {
-                 return 'relation';
-               } else {
-                 seen[relation.id] = role;
-               }
-             }
-           } // gather restrictions for parent ways
 
+             if (arx > brx) {
+               var _aCmpBRight = a.comparePoint(b.rightSE.point);
 
-           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-             var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+               if (_aCmpBRight < 0) return 1;
+               if (_aCmpBRight > 0) return -1;
+             }
 
-             for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
-               var parent = parents[j];
-               relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);
+             if (arx !== brx) {
+               // are these two [almost] vertical segments with opposite orientation?
+               // if so, the one with the lower right endpoint comes first
+               var ay = ary - aly;
+               var ax = arx - alx;
+               var by = bry - bly;
+               var bx = brx - blx;
+               if (ay > ax && by < bx) return 1;
+               if (ay < ax && by > bx) return -1;
+             } // we have colinear segments with matching orientation
+             // consider the one with more left-more right endpoint to be first
 
-               for (k = 0; k < relations.length; k++) {
-                 relation = relations[k];
 
-                 if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
-                   restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           } // test restrictions
+             if (arx > brx) return 1;
+             if (arx < brx) return -1; // if we get here, two two right endpoints are in the same
+             // vertical plane, ie arx === brx
+             // consider the lower right-endpoint to come first
 
+             if (ary < bry) return -1;
+             if (ary > bry) return 1; // right endpoints identical as well, so the segments are idential
+             // fall back on creation order as consistent tie-breaker
 
-           restrictionIDs = utilArrayUniq(restrictionIDs);
+             if (a.id < b.id) return -1;
+             if (a.id > b.id) return 1; // identical segment, ie a === b
 
-           for (i = 0; i < restrictionIDs.length; i++) {
-             relation = graph.entity(restrictionIDs[i]);
-             if (!relation.isComplete(graph)) continue;
-             var memberWays = relation.members.filter(function (m) {
-               return m.type === 'way';
-             }).map(function (m) {
-               return graph.entity(m.id);
-             });
-             memberWays = utilArrayUniq(memberWays);
-             var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
-             var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
-             var isUturn = f.id === t.id; // 2a. disable if connection would damage a restriction
-             // (a key node is a node at the junction of ways)
+             return 0;
+           }
+           /* Warning: a reference to ringWindings input will be stored,
+            *  and possibly will be later modified */
 
-             var nodes = {
-               from: [],
-               via: [],
-               to: [],
-               keyfrom: [],
-               keyto: []
-             };
+         }]);
 
-             for (j = 0; j < relation.members.length; j++) {
-               collectNodes(relation.members[j], nodes);
-             }
+         function Segment(leftSE, rightSE, rings, windings) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, Segment);
 
-             nodes.keyfrom = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyfrom.filter(hasDuplicates));
-             nodes.keyto = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyto.filter(hasDuplicates));
-             var filter = keyNodeFilter(nodes.keyfrom, nodes.keyto);
-             nodes.from = nodes.from.filter(filter);
-             nodes.via = nodes.via.filter(filter);
-             nodes.to = nodes.to.filter(filter);
-             var connectFrom = false;
-             var connectVia = false;
-             var connectTo = false;
-             var connectKeyFrom = false;
-             var connectKeyTo = false;
+           this.id = ++segmentId;
+           this.leftSE = leftSE;
+           leftSE.segment = this;
+           leftSE.otherSE = rightSE;
+           this.rightSE = rightSE;
+           rightSE.segment = this;
+           rightSE.otherSE = leftSE;
+           this.rings = rings;
+           this.windings = windings; // left unset for performance, set later in algorithm
+           // this.ringOut, this.consumedBy, this.prev
+         }
 
-             for (j = 0; j < nodeIDs.length; j++) {
-               var n = nodeIDs[j];
+         _createClass(Segment, [{
+           key: "replaceRightSE",
 
-               if (nodes.from.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
-                 connectFrom = true;
+           /* When a segment is split, the rightSE is replaced with a new sweep event */
+           value: function replaceRightSE(newRightSE) {
+             this.rightSE = newRightSE;
+             this.rightSE.segment = this;
+             this.rightSE.otherSE = this.leftSE;
+             this.leftSE.otherSE = this.rightSE;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "bbox",
+           value: function bbox() {
+             var y1 = this.leftSE.point.y;
+             var y2 = this.rightSE.point.y;
+             return {
+               ll: {
+                 x: this.leftSE.point.x,
+                 y: y1 < y2 ? y1 : y2
+               },
+               ur: {
+                 x: this.rightSE.point.x,
+                 y: y1 > y2 ? y1 : y2
                }
+             };
+           }
+           /* A vector from the left point to the right */
 
-               if (nodes.via.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
-                 connectVia = true;
-               }
+         }, {
+           key: "vector",
+           value: function vector() {
+             return {
+               x: this.rightSE.point.x - this.leftSE.point.x,
+               y: this.rightSE.point.y - this.leftSE.point.y
+             };
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "isAnEndpoint",
+           value: function isAnEndpoint(pt) {
+             return pt.x === this.leftSE.point.x && pt.y === this.leftSE.point.y || pt.x === this.rightSE.point.x && pt.y === this.rightSE.point.y;
+           }
+           /* Compare this segment with a point.
+            *
+            * A point P is considered to be colinear to a segment if there
+            * exists a distance D such that if we travel along the segment
+            * from one * endpoint towards the other a distance D, we find
+            * ourselves at point P.
+            *
+            * Return value indicates:
+            *
+            *   1: point lies above the segment (to the left of vertical)
+            *   0: point is colinear to segment
+            *  -1: point lies below the segment (to the right of vertical)
+            */
 
-               if (nodes.to.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
-                 connectTo = true;
-               }
+         }, {
+           key: "comparePoint",
+           value: function comparePoint(point) {
+             if (this.isAnEndpoint(point)) return 0;
+             var lPt = this.leftSE.point;
+             var rPt = this.rightSE.point;
+             var v = this.vector(); // Exactly vertical segments.
 
-               if (nodes.keyfrom.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
-                 connectKeyFrom = true;
-               }
+             if (lPt.x === rPt.x) {
+               if (point.x === lPt.x) return 0;
+               return point.x < lPt.x ? 1 : -1;
+             } // Nearly vertical segments with an intersection.
+             // Check to see where a point on the line with matching Y coordinate is.
 
-               if (nodes.keyto.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
-                 connectKeyTo = true;
-               }
-             }
 
-             if (connectFrom && connectTo && !isUturn) {
-               return 'restriction';
-             }
+             var yDist = (point.y - lPt.y) / v.y;
+             var xFromYDist = lPt.x + yDist * v.x;
+             if (point.x === xFromYDist) return 0; // General case.
+             // Check to see where a point on the line with matching X coordinate is.
 
-             if (connectFrom && connectVia) {
-               return 'restriction';
-             }
+             var xDist = (point.x - lPt.x) / v.x;
+             var yFromXDist = lPt.y + xDist * v.y;
+             if (point.y === yFromXDist) return 0;
+             return point.y < yFromXDist ? -1 : 1;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Given another segment, returns the first non-trivial intersection
+            * between the two segments (in terms of sweep line ordering), if it exists.
+            *
+            * A 'non-trivial' intersection is one that will cause one or both of the
+            * segments to be split(). As such, 'trivial' vs. 'non-trivial' intersection:
+            *
+            *   * endpoint of segA with endpoint of segB --> trivial
+            *   * endpoint of segA with point along segB --> non-trivial
+            *   * endpoint of segB with point along segA --> non-trivial
+            *   * point along segA with point along segB --> non-trivial
+            *
+            * If no non-trivial intersection exists, return null
+            * Else, return null.
+            */
 
-             if (connectTo && connectVia) {
-               return 'restriction';
-             } // connecting to a key node -
-             // if both nodes are on a member way (i.e. part of the turn restriction),
-             // the connecting node must be adjacent to the key node.
+         }, {
+           key: "getIntersection",
+           value: function getIntersection(other) {
+             // If bboxes don't overlap, there can't be any intersections
+             var tBbox = this.bbox();
+             var oBbox = other.bbox();
+             var bboxOverlap = getBboxOverlap(tBbox, oBbox);
+             if (bboxOverlap === null) return null; // We first check to see if the endpoints can be considered intersections.
+             // This will 'snap' intersections to endpoints if possible, and will
+             // handle cases of colinearity.
 
+             var tlp = this.leftSE.point;
+             var trp = this.rightSE.point;
+             var olp = other.leftSE.point;
+             var orp = other.rightSE.point; // does each endpoint touch the other segment?
+             // note that we restrict the 'touching' definition to only allow segments
+             // to touch endpoints that lie forward from where we are in the sweep line pass
 
-             if (connectKeyFrom || connectKeyTo) {
-               if (nodeIDs.length !== 2) {
-                 return 'restriction';
-               }
+             var touchesOtherLSE = isInBbox(tBbox, olp) && this.comparePoint(olp) === 0;
+             var touchesThisLSE = isInBbox(oBbox, tlp) && other.comparePoint(tlp) === 0;
+             var touchesOtherRSE = isInBbox(tBbox, orp) && this.comparePoint(orp) === 0;
+             var touchesThisRSE = isInBbox(oBbox, trp) && other.comparePoint(trp) === 0; // do left endpoints match?
 
-               var n0 = null;
-               var n1 = null;
+             if (touchesThisLSE && touchesOtherLSE) {
+               // these two cases are for colinear segments with matching left
+               // endpoints, and one segment being longer than the other
+               if (touchesThisRSE && !touchesOtherRSE) return trp;
+               if (!touchesThisRSE && touchesOtherRSE) return orp; // either the two segments match exactly (two trival intersections)
+               // or just on their left endpoint (one trivial intersection
 
-               for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
-                 way = memberWays[j];
+               return null;
+             } // does this left endpoint matches (other doesn't)
 
-                 if (way.contains(nodeIDs[0])) {
-                   n0 = nodeIDs[0];
-                 }
 
-                 if (way.contains(nodeIDs[1])) {
-                   n1 = nodeIDs[1];
-                 }
-               }
+             if (touchesThisLSE) {
+               // check for segments that just intersect on opposing endpoints
+               if (touchesOtherRSE) {
+                 if (tlp.x === orp.x && tlp.y === orp.y) return null;
+               } // t-intersection on left endpoint
 
-               if (n0 && n1) {
-                 // both nodes are part of the restriction
-                 var ok = false;
 
-                 for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
-                   way = memberWays[j];
+               return tlp;
+             } // does other left endpoint matches (this doesn't)
 
-                   if (way.areAdjacent(n0, n1)) {
-                     ok = true;
-                     break;
-                   }
-                 }
 
-                 if (!ok) {
-                   return 'restriction';
-                 }
-               }
-             } // 2b. disable if nodes being connected will destroy a member way in a restriction
-             // (to test, make a copy and try actually connecting the nodes)
+             if (touchesOtherLSE) {
+               // check for segments that just intersect on opposing endpoints
+               if (touchesThisRSE) {
+                 if (trp.x === olp.x && trp.y === olp.y) return null;
+               } // t-intersection on left endpoint
 
 
-             for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
-               way = memberWays[j].update({}); // make copy
+               return olp;
+             } // trivial intersection on right endpoints
 
-               for (k = 0; k < nodeIDs.length; k++) {
-                 if (nodeIDs[k] === survivor.id) continue;
 
-                 if (way.areAdjacent(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id)) {
-                   way = way.removeNode(nodeIDs[k]);
-                 } else {
-                   way = way.replaceNode(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id);
-                 }
-               }
+             if (touchesThisRSE && touchesOtherRSE) return null; // t-intersections on just one right endpoint
 
-               if (way.isDegenerate()) {
-                 return 'restriction';
-               }
-             }
-           }
+             if (touchesThisRSE) return trp;
+             if (touchesOtherRSE) return orp; // None of our endpoints intersect. Look for a general intersection between
+             // infinite lines laid over the segments
 
-           return false; // if a key node appears multiple times (indexOf !== lastIndexOf) it's a FROM-VIA or TO-VIA junction
+             var pt = intersection(tlp, this.vector(), olp, other.vector()); // are the segments parrallel? Note that if they were colinear with overlap,
+             // they would have an endpoint intersection and that case was already handled above
 
-           function hasDuplicates(n, i, arr) {
-             return arr.indexOf(n) !== arr.lastIndexOf(n);
-           }
+             if (pt === null) return null; // is the intersection found between the lines not on the segments?
 
-           function keyNodeFilter(froms, tos) {
-             return function (n) {
-               return froms.indexOf(n) === -1 && tos.indexOf(n) === -1;
-             };
+             if (!isInBbox(bboxOverlap, pt)) return null; // round the the computed point if needed
+
+             return rounder.round(pt.x, pt.y);
            }
+           /**
+            * Split the given segment into multiple segments on the given points.
+            *  * Each existing segment will retain its leftSE and a new rightSE will be
+            *    generated for it.
+            *  * A new segment will be generated which will adopt the original segment's
+            *    rightSE, and a new leftSE will be generated for it.
+            *  * If there are more than two points given to split on, new segments
+            *    in the middle will be generated with new leftSE and rightSE's.
+            *  * An array of the newly generated SweepEvents will be returned.
+            *
+            * Warning: input array of points is modified
+            */
 
-           function collectNodes(member, collection) {
-             var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
-             if (!entity) return;
-             var role = member.role || '';
+         }, {
+           key: "split",
+           value: function split(point) {
+             var newEvents = [];
+             var alreadyLinked = point.events !== undefined;
+             var newLeftSE = new SweepEvent(point, true);
+             var newRightSE = new SweepEvent(point, false);
+             var oldRightSE = this.rightSE;
+             this.replaceRightSE(newRightSE);
+             newEvents.push(newRightSE);
+             newEvents.push(newLeftSE);
+             var newSeg = new Segment(newLeftSE, oldRightSE, this.rings.slice(), this.windings.slice()); // when splitting a nearly vertical downward-facing segment,
+             // sometimes one of the resulting new segments is vertical, in which
+             // case its left and right events may need to be swapped
 
-             if (!collection[role]) {
-               collection[role] = [];
+             if (SweepEvent.comparePoints(newSeg.leftSE.point, newSeg.rightSE.point) > 0) {
+               newSeg.swapEvents();
              }
 
-             if (member.type === 'node') {
-               collection[role].push(member.id);
-
-               if (role === 'via') {
-                 collection.keyfrom.push(member.id);
-                 collection.keyto.push(member.id);
-               }
-             } else if (member.type === 'way') {
-               collection[role].push.apply(collection[role], entity.nodes);
+             if (SweepEvent.comparePoints(this.leftSE.point, this.rightSE.point) > 0) {
+               this.swapEvents();
+             } // in the point we just used to create new sweep events with was already
+             // linked to other events, we need to check if either of the affected
+             // segments should be consumed
 
-               if (role === 'from' || role === 'via') {
-                 collection.keyfrom.push(entity.first());
-                 collection.keyfrom.push(entity.last());
-               }
 
-               if (role === 'to' || role === 'via') {
-                 collection.keyto.push(entity.first());
-                 collection.keyto.push(entity.last());
-               }
+             if (alreadyLinked) {
+               newLeftSE.checkForConsuming();
+               newRightSE.checkForConsuming();
              }
-           }
-         };
-
-         return action;
-       }
 
-       function actionCopyEntities(ids, fromGraph) {
-         var _copies = {};
+             return newEvents;
+           }
+           /* Swap which event is left and right */
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           ids.forEach(function (id) {
-             fromGraph.entity(id).copy(fromGraph, _copies);
-           });
+         }, {
+           key: "swapEvents",
+           value: function swapEvents() {
+             var tmpEvt = this.rightSE;
+             this.rightSE = this.leftSE;
+             this.leftSE = tmpEvt;
+             this.leftSE.isLeft = true;
+             this.rightSE.isLeft = false;
 
-           for (var id in _copies) {
-             graph = graph.replace(_copies[id]);
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.windings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               this.windings[i] *= -1;
+             }
            }
+           /* Consume another segment. We take their rings under our wing
+            * and mark them as consumed. Use for perfectly overlapping segments */
 
-           return graph;
-         };
+         }, {
+           key: "consume",
+           value: function consume(other) {
+             var consumer = this;
+             var consumee = other;
 
-         action.copies = function () {
-           return _copies;
-         };
+             while (consumer.consumedBy) {
+               consumer = consumer.consumedBy;
+             }
 
-         return action;
-       }
+             while (consumee.consumedBy) {
+               consumee = consumee.consumedBy;
+             }
 
-       function actionDeleteMember(relationId, memberIndex) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           var relation = graph.entity(relationId).removeMember(memberIndex);
-           graph = graph.replace(relation);
-           if (relation.isDegenerate()) graph = actionDeleteRelation(relation.id)(graph);
-           return graph;
-         };
-       }
+             var cmp = Segment.compare(consumer, consumee);
+             if (cmp === 0) return; // already consumed
+             // the winner of the consumption is the earlier segment
+             // according to sweep line ordering
 
-       function actionDiscardTags(difference, discardTags) {
-         discardTags = discardTags || {};
-         return function (graph) {
-           difference.modified().forEach(checkTags);
-           difference.created().forEach(checkTags);
-           return graph;
+             if (cmp > 0) {
+               var tmp = consumer;
+               consumer = consumee;
+               consumee = tmp;
+             } // make sure a segment doesn't consume it's prev
 
-           function checkTags(entity) {
-             var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags);
-             var didDiscard = false;
-             var tags = {};
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-               var k = keys[i];
+             if (consumer.prev === consumee) {
+               var _tmp = consumer;
+               consumer = consumee;
+               consumee = _tmp;
+             }
 
-               if (discardTags[k] || !entity.tags[k]) {
-                 didDiscard = true;
-               } else {
-                 tags[k] = entity.tags[k];
-               }
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = consumee.rings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ring = consumee.rings[i];
+               var winding = consumee.windings[i];
+               var index = consumer.rings.indexOf(ring);
+
+               if (index === -1) {
+                 consumer.rings.push(ring);
+                 consumer.windings.push(winding);
+               } else consumer.windings[index] += winding;
              }
 
-             if (didDiscard) {
-               graph = graph.replace(entity.update({
-                 tags: tags
-               }));
+             consumee.rings = null;
+             consumee.windings = null;
+             consumee.consumedBy = consumer; // mark sweep events consumed as to maintain ordering in sweep event queue
+
+             consumee.leftSE.consumedBy = consumer.leftSE;
+             consumee.rightSE.consumedBy = consumer.rightSE;
+           }
+           /* The first segment previous segment chain that is in the result */
+
+         }, {
+           key: "prevInResult",
+           value: function prevInResult() {
+             if (this._prevInResult !== undefined) return this._prevInResult;
+             if (!this.prev) this._prevInResult = null;else if (this.prev.isInResult()) this._prevInResult = this.prev;else this._prevInResult = this.prev.prevInResult();
+             return this._prevInResult;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "beforeState",
+           value: function beforeState() {
+             if (this._beforeState !== undefined) return this._beforeState;
+             if (!this.prev) this._beforeState = {
+               rings: [],
+               windings: [],
+               multiPolys: []
+             };else {
+               var seg = this.prev.consumedBy || this.prev;
+               this._beforeState = seg.afterState();
              }
+             return this._beforeState;
            }
-         };
-       }
+         }, {
+           key: "afterState",
+           value: function afterState() {
+             if (this._afterState !== undefined) return this._afterState;
+             var beforeState = this.beforeState();
+             this._afterState = {
+               rings: beforeState.rings.slice(0),
+               windings: beforeState.windings.slice(0),
+               multiPolys: []
+             };
+             var ringsAfter = this._afterState.rings;
+             var windingsAfter = this._afterState.windings;
+             var mpsAfter = this._afterState.multiPolys; // calculate ringsAfter, windingsAfter
 
-       //
-       // Optionally, disconnect only the given ways.
-       //
-       // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the (first) new node.
-       // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
-       // be assigned a new ID.
-       //
-       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionConnect`.
-       //
-       // Reference:
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/UnjoinNodeAction.as
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/UnGlueAction.java
-       //
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.rings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ring = this.rings[i];
+               var winding = this.windings[i];
+               var index = ringsAfter.indexOf(ring);
 
-       function actionDisconnect(nodeId, newNodeId) {
-         var wayIds;
+               if (index === -1) {
+                 ringsAfter.push(ring);
+                 windingsAfter.push(winding);
+               } else windingsAfter[index] += winding;
+             } // calcualte polysAfter
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
-           var connections = action.connections(graph);
-           connections.forEach(function (connection) {
-             var way = graph.entity(connection.wayID);
-             var newNode = osmNode({
-               id: newNodeId,
-               loc: node.loc,
-               tags: node.tags
-             });
-             graph = graph.replace(newNode);
 
-             if (connection.index === 0 && way.isArea()) {
-               // replace shared node with shared node..
-               graph = graph.replace(way.replaceNode(way.nodes[0], newNode.id));
-             } else if (way.isClosed() && connection.index === way.nodes.length - 1) {
-               // replace closing node with new new node..
-               graph = graph.replace(way.unclose().addNode(newNode.id));
-             } else {
-               // replace shared node with multiple new nodes..
-               graph = graph.replace(way.updateNode(newNode.id, connection.index));
-             }
-           });
-           return graph;
-         };
+             var polysAfter = [];
+             var polysExclude = [];
 
-         action.connections = function (graph) {
-           var candidates = [];
-           var keeping = false;
-           var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
-           var way, waynode;
+             for (var _i = 0, _iMax = ringsAfter.length; _i < _iMax; _i++) {
+               if (windingsAfter[_i] === 0) continue; // non-zero rule
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
-             way = parentWays[i];
+               var _ring = ringsAfter[_i];
+               var poly = _ring.poly;
+               if (polysExclude.indexOf(poly) !== -1) continue;
+               if (_ring.isExterior) polysAfter.push(poly);else {
+                 if (polysExclude.indexOf(poly) === -1) polysExclude.push(poly);
+
+                 var _index = polysAfter.indexOf(_ring.poly);
+
+                 if (_index !== -1) polysAfter.splice(_index, 1);
+               }
+             } // calculate multiPolysAfter
 
-             if (wayIds && wayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1) {
-               keeping = true;
-               continue;
+
+             for (var _i2 = 0, _iMax2 = polysAfter.length; _i2 < _iMax2; _i2++) {
+               var mp = polysAfter[_i2].multiPoly;
+               if (mpsAfter.indexOf(mp) === -1) mpsAfter.push(mp);
              }
 
-             if (way.isArea() && way.nodes[0] === nodeId) {
-               candidates.push({
-                 wayID: way.id,
-                 index: 0
-               });
-             } else {
-               for (var j = 0; j < way.nodes.length; j++) {
-                 waynode = way.nodes[j];
+             return this._afterState;
+           }
+           /* Is this segment part of the final result? */
 
-                 if (waynode === nodeId) {
-                   if (way.isClosed() && parentWays.length > 1 && wayIds && wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 && j === way.nodes.length - 1) {
-                     continue;
-                   }
+         }, {
+           key: "isInResult",
+           value: function isInResult() {
+             // if we've been consumed, we're not in the result
+             if (this.consumedBy) return false;
+             if (this._isInResult !== undefined) return this._isInResult;
+             var mpsBefore = this.beforeState().multiPolys;
+             var mpsAfter = this.afterState().multiPolys;
 
-                   candidates.push({
-                     wayID: way.id,
-                     index: j
-                   });
+             switch (operation.type) {
+               case 'union':
+                 {
+                   // UNION - included iff:
+                   //  * On one side of us there is 0 poly interiors AND
+                   //  * On the other side there is 1 or more.
+                   var noBefores = mpsBefore.length === 0;
+                   var noAfters = mpsAfter.length === 0;
+                   this._isInResult = noBefores !== noAfters;
+                   break;
                  }
-               }
-             }
-           }
 
-           return keeping ? candidates : candidates.slice(1);
-         };
+               case 'intersection':
+                 {
+                   // INTERSECTION - included iff:
+                   //  * on one side of us all multipolys are rep. with poly interiors AND
+                   //  * on the other side of us, not all multipolys are repsented
+                   //    with poly interiors
+                   var least;
+                   var most;
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           var connections = action.connections(graph);
-           if (connections.length === 0) return 'not_connected';
-           var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
-           var seenRelationIds = {};
-           var sharedRelation;
-           parentWays.forEach(function (way) {
-             var relations = graph.parentRelations(way);
-             relations.forEach(function (relation) {
-               if (relation.id in seenRelationIds) {
-                 if (wayIds) {
-                   if (wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 || wayIds.indexOf(seenRelationIds[relation.id]) !== -1) {
-                     sharedRelation = relation;
+                   if (mpsBefore.length < mpsAfter.length) {
+                     least = mpsBefore.length;
+                     most = mpsAfter.length;
+                   } else {
+                     least = mpsAfter.length;
+                     most = mpsBefore.length;
                    }
-                 } else {
-                   sharedRelation = relation;
+
+                   this._isInResult = most === operation.numMultiPolys && least < most;
+                   break;
                  }
-               } else {
-                 seenRelationIds[relation.id] = way.id;
-               }
-             });
-           });
-           if (sharedRelation) return 'relation';
-         };
 
-         action.limitWays = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return wayIds;
-           wayIds = val;
-           return action;
-         };
+               case 'xor':
+                 {
+                   // XOR - included iff:
+                   //  * the difference between the number of multipolys represented
+                   //    with poly interiors on our two sides is an odd number
+                   var diff = Math.abs(mpsBefore.length - mpsAfter.length);
+                   this._isInResult = diff % 2 === 1;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-         return action;
-       }
+               case 'difference':
+                 {
+                   // DIFFERENCE included iff:
+                   //  * on exactly one side, we have just the subject
+                   var isJustSubject = function isJustSubject(mps) {
+                     return mps.length === 1 && mps[0].isSubject;
+                   };
 
-       var geojsonRewind = rewind;
+                   this._isInResult = isJustSubject(mpsBefore) !== isJustSubject(mpsAfter);
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-       function rewind(gj, outer) {
-         var type = gj && gj.type,
-             i;
+               default:
+                 throw new Error("Unrecognized operation type found ".concat(operation.type));
+             }
 
-         if (type === 'FeatureCollection') {
-           for (i = 0; i < gj.features.length; i++) {
-             rewind(gj.features[i], outer);
-           }
-         } else if (type === 'GeometryCollection') {
-           for (i = 0; i < gj.geometries.length; i++) {
-             rewind(gj.geometries[i], outer);
-           }
-         } else if (type === 'Feature') {
-           rewind(gj.geometry, outer);
-         } else if (type === 'Polygon') {
-           rewindRings(gj.coordinates, outer);
-         } else if (type === 'MultiPolygon') {
-           for (i = 0; i < gj.coordinates.length; i++) {
-             rewindRings(gj.coordinates[i], outer);
+             return this._isInResult;
            }
-         }
-
-         return gj;
-       }
+         }], [{
+           key: "fromRing",
+           value: function fromRing(pt1, pt2, ring) {
+             var leftPt, rightPt, winding; // ordering the two points according to sweep line ordering
 
-       function rewindRings(rings, outer) {
-         if (rings.length === 0) return;
-         rewindRing(rings[0], outer);
+             var cmpPts = SweepEvent.comparePoints(pt1, pt2);
 
-         for (var i = 1; i < rings.length; i++) {
-           rewindRing(rings[i], !outer);
-         }
-       }
+             if (cmpPts < 0) {
+               leftPt = pt1;
+               rightPt = pt2;
+               winding = 1;
+             } else if (cmpPts > 0) {
+               leftPt = pt2;
+               rightPt = pt1;
+               winding = -1;
+             } else throw new Error("Tried to create degenerate segment at [".concat(pt1.x, ", ").concat(pt1.y, "]"));
 
-       function rewindRing(ring, dir) {
-         var area = 0;
+             var leftSE = new SweepEvent(leftPt, true);
+             var rightSE = new SweepEvent(rightPt, false);
+             return new Segment(leftSE, rightSE, [ring], [winding]);
+           }
+         }]);
 
-         for (var i = 0, len = ring.length, j = len - 1; i < len; j = i++) {
-           area += (ring[i][0] - ring[j][0]) * (ring[j][1] + ring[i][1]);
-         }
+         return Segment;
+       }();
 
-         if (area >= 0 !== !!dir) ring.reverse();
-       }
+       var RingIn = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function RingIn(geomRing, poly, isExterior) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, RingIn);
 
-       function actionExtract(entityID) {
-         var extractedNodeID;
+           if (!Array.isArray(geomRing) || geomRing.length === 0) {
+             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+           }
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
+           this.poly = poly;
+           this.isExterior = isExterior;
+           this.segments = [];
 
-           if (entity.type === 'node') {
-             return extractFromNode(entity, graph);
+           if (typeof geomRing[0][0] !== 'number' || typeof geomRing[0][1] !== 'number') {
+             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
            }
 
-           return extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph);
-         };
+           var firstPoint = rounder.round(geomRing[0][0], geomRing[0][1]);
+           this.bbox = {
+             ll: {
+               x: firstPoint.x,
+               y: firstPoint.y
+             },
+             ur: {
+               x: firstPoint.x,
+               y: firstPoint.y
+             }
+           };
+           var prevPoint = firstPoint;
 
-         function extractFromNode(node, graph) {
-           extractedNodeID = node.id; // Create a new node to replace the one we will detach
+           for (var i = 1, iMax = geomRing.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+             if (typeof geomRing[i][0] !== 'number' || typeof geomRing[i][1] !== 'number') {
+               throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+             }
 
-           var replacement = osmNode({
-             loc: node.loc
-           });
-           graph = graph.replace(replacement); // Process each way in turn, updating the graph as we go
+             var point = rounder.round(geomRing[i][0], geomRing[i][1]); // skip repeated points
 
-           graph = graph.parentWays(node).reduce(function (accGraph, parentWay) {
-             return accGraph.replace(parentWay.replaceNode(entityID, replacement.id));
-           }, graph); // Process any relations too
+             if (point.x === prevPoint.x && point.y === prevPoint.y) continue;
+             this.segments.push(Segment.fromRing(prevPoint, point, this));
+             if (point.x < this.bbox.ll.x) this.bbox.ll.x = point.x;
+             if (point.y < this.bbox.ll.y) this.bbox.ll.y = point.y;
+             if (point.x > this.bbox.ur.x) this.bbox.ur.x = point.x;
+             if (point.y > this.bbox.ur.y) this.bbox.ur.y = point.y;
+             prevPoint = point;
+           } // add segment from last to first if last is not the same as first
 
-           return graph.parentRelations(node).reduce(function (accGraph, parentRel) {
-             return accGraph.replace(parentRel.replaceMember(node, replacement));
-           }, graph);
+
+           if (firstPoint.x !== prevPoint.x || firstPoint.y !== prevPoint.y) {
+             this.segments.push(Segment.fromRing(prevPoint, firstPoint, this));
+           }
          }
 
-         function extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph) {
-           var fromGeometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-           var keysToCopyAndRetain = ['source', 'wheelchair'];
-           var keysToRetain = ['area'];
-           var buildingKeysToRetain = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer']; // d3_geoCentroid is wrong for counterclockwise-wound polygons, so wind them clockwise
+         _createClass(RingIn, [{
+           key: "getSweepEvents",
+           value: function getSweepEvents() {
+             var sweepEvents = [];
 
-           var extractedLoc = d3_geoCentroid(geojsonRewind(Object.assign({}, entity.asGeoJSON(graph)), true));
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.segments.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var segment = this.segments[i];
+               sweepEvents.push(segment.leftSE);
+               sweepEvents.push(segment.rightSE);
+             }
 
-           if (!extractedLoc || !isFinite(extractedLoc[0]) || !isFinite(extractedLoc[1])) {
-             extractedLoc = entity.extent(graph).center();
+             return sweepEvents;
            }
+         }]);
 
-           var indoorAreaValues = {
-             area: true,
-             corridor: true,
-             elevator: true,
-             level: true,
-             room: true
-           };
-           var isBuilding = entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no' || entity.tags['building:part'] && entity.tags['building:part'] !== 'no';
-           var isIndoorArea = fromGeometry === 'area' && entity.tags.indoor && indoorAreaValues[entity.tags.indoor];
-           var entityTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+         return RingIn;
+       }();
 
-           var pointTags = {};
+       var PolyIn = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function PolyIn(geomPoly, multiPoly) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, PolyIn);
 
-           for (var key in entityTags) {
-             if (entity.type === 'relation' && key === 'type') {
-               continue;
-             }
+           if (!Array.isArray(geomPoly)) {
+             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+           }
 
-             if (keysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
-               continue;
+           this.exteriorRing = new RingIn(geomPoly[0], this, true); // copy by value
+
+           this.bbox = {
+             ll: {
+               x: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ll.x,
+               y: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ll.y
+             },
+             ur: {
+               x: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ur.x,
+               y: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ur.y
              }
+           };
+           this.interiorRings = [];
 
-             if (isBuilding) {
-               // don't transfer building-related tags
-               if (buildingKeysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 || key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) || key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) continue;
-             } // leave `indoor` tag on the area
+           for (var i = 1, iMax = geomPoly.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+             var ring = new RingIn(geomPoly[i], this, false);
+             if (ring.bbox.ll.x < this.bbox.ll.x) this.bbox.ll.x = ring.bbox.ll.x;
+             if (ring.bbox.ll.y < this.bbox.ll.y) this.bbox.ll.y = ring.bbox.ll.y;
+             if (ring.bbox.ur.x > this.bbox.ur.x) this.bbox.ur.x = ring.bbox.ur.x;
+             if (ring.bbox.ur.y > this.bbox.ur.y) this.bbox.ur.y = ring.bbox.ur.y;
+             this.interiorRings.push(ring);
+           }
 
+           this.multiPoly = multiPoly;
+         }
 
-             if (isIndoorArea && key === 'indoor') {
-               continue;
-             } // copy the tag from the entity to the point
+         _createClass(PolyIn, [{
+           key: "getSweepEvents",
+           value: function getSweepEvents() {
+             var sweepEvents = this.exteriorRing.getSweepEvents();
 
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.interiorRings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ringSweepEvents = this.interiorRings[i].getSweepEvents();
 
-             pointTags[key] = entityTags[key]; // leave addresses and some other tags so they're on both features
+               for (var j = 0, jMax = ringSweepEvents.length; j < jMax; j++) {
+                 sweepEvents.push(ringSweepEvents[j]);
+               }
+             }
 
-             if (keysToCopyAndRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 || key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/)) {
-               continue;
-             } else if (isIndoorArea && key === 'level') {
-               // leave `level` on both features
-               continue;
-             } // remove the tag from the entity
+             return sweepEvents;
+           }
+         }]);
 
+         return PolyIn;
+       }();
 
-             delete entityTags[key];
-           }
+       var MultiPolyIn = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function MultiPolyIn(geom, isSubject) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, MultiPolyIn);
 
-           if (!isBuilding && !isIndoorArea && fromGeometry === 'area') {
-             // ensure that areas keep area geometry
-             entityTags.area = 'yes';
+           if (!Array.isArray(geom)) {
+             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
            }
 
-           var replacement = osmNode({
-             loc: extractedLoc,
-             tags: pointTags
-           });
-           graph = graph.replace(replacement);
-           extractedNodeID = replacement.id;
-           return graph.replace(entity.update({
-             tags: entityTags
-           }));
-         }
-
-         action.getExtractedNodeID = function () {
-           return extractedNodeID;
-         };
+           try {
+             // if the input looks like a polygon, convert it to a multipolygon
+             if (typeof geom[0][0][0] === 'number') geom = [geom];
+           } catch (ex) {// The input is either malformed or has empty arrays.
+             // In either case, it will be handled later on.
+           }
 
-         return action;
-       }
+           this.polys = [];
+           this.bbox = {
+             ll: {
+               x: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
+               y: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+             },
+             ur: {
+               x: Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
+               y: Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
+             }
+           };
 
-       //
-       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionSplit`.
-       //
-       // Reference:
-       //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeWaysAction.as
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/CombineWayAction.java
-       //
+           for (var i = 0, iMax = geom.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+             var poly = new PolyIn(geom[i], this);
+             if (poly.bbox.ll.x < this.bbox.ll.x) this.bbox.ll.x = poly.bbox.ll.x;
+             if (poly.bbox.ll.y < this.bbox.ll.y) this.bbox.ll.y = poly.bbox.ll.y;
+             if (poly.bbox.ur.x > this.bbox.ur.x) this.bbox.ur.x = poly.bbox.ur.x;
+             if (poly.bbox.ur.y > this.bbox.ur.y) this.bbox.ur.y = poly.bbox.ur.y;
+             this.polys.push(poly);
+           }
 
-       function actionJoin(ids) {
-         function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
-           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
-             return graph.entity(id);
-           });
-           return Object.assign({
-             line: []
-           }, utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function (entity) {
-             return entity.geometry(graph);
-           }));
+           this.isSubject = isSubject;
          }
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var ways = ids.map(graph.entity, graph);
-           var survivorID = ways[0].id; // if any of the ways are sided (e.g. coastline, cliff, kerb)
-           // sort them first so they establish the overall order - #6033
+         _createClass(MultiPolyIn, [{
+           key: "getSweepEvents",
+           value: function getSweepEvents() {
+             var sweepEvents = [];
 
-           ways.sort(function (a, b) {
-             var aSided = a.isSided();
-             var bSided = b.isSided();
-             return aSided && !bSided ? -1 : bSided && !aSided ? 1 : 0;
-           }); // Prefer to keep an existing way.
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.polys.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var polySweepEvents = this.polys[i].getSweepEvents();
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < ways.length; i++) {
-             if (!ways[i].isNew()) {
-               survivorID = ways[i].id;
-               break;
+               for (var j = 0, jMax = polySweepEvents.length; j < jMax; j++) {
+                 sweepEvents.push(polySweepEvents[j]);
+               }
              }
+
+             return sweepEvents;
            }
+         }]);
 
-           var sequences = osmJoinWays(ways, graph);
-           var joined = sequences[0]; // We might need to reverse some of these ways before joining them.  #4688
-           // `joined.actions` property will contain any actions we need to apply.
+         return MultiPolyIn;
+       }();
 
-           graph = sequences.actions.reduce(function (g, action) {
-             return action(g);
-           }, graph);
-           var survivor = graph.entity(survivorID);
-           survivor = survivor.update({
-             nodes: joined.nodes.map(function (n) {
-               return n.id;
-             })
-           });
-           graph = graph.replace(survivor);
-           joined.forEach(function (way) {
-             if (way.id === survivorID) return;
-             graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (parent) {
-               graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(way, survivor));
-             });
-             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(way.tags);
-             graph = graph.replace(survivor);
-             graph = actionDeleteWay(way.id)(graph);
-           }); // Finds if the join created a single-member multipolygon,
-           // and if so turns it into a basic area instead
+       var RingOut = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         _createClass(RingOut, null, [{
+           key: "factory",
 
-           function checkForSimpleMultipolygon() {
-             if (!survivor.isClosed()) return;
-             var multipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(survivor).filter(function (multipolygon) {
-               // find multipolygons where the survivor is the only member
-               return multipolygon.members.length === 1;
-             }); // skip if this is the single member of multiple multipolygons
+           /* Given the segments from the sweep line pass, compute & return a series
+            * of closed rings from all the segments marked to be part of the result */
+           value: function factory(allSegments) {
+             var ringsOut = [];
 
-             if (multipolygons.length !== 1) return;
-             var multipolygon = multipolygons[0];
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = allSegments.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var segment = allSegments[i];
+               if (!segment.isInResult() || segment.ringOut) continue;
+               var prevEvent = null;
+               var event = segment.leftSE;
+               var nextEvent = segment.rightSE;
+               var events = [event];
+               var startingPoint = event.point;
+               var intersectionLEs = [];
+               /* Walk the chain of linked events to form a closed ring */
 
-             for (var key in survivor.tags) {
-               if (multipolygon.tags[key] && // don't collapse if tags cannot be cleanly merged
-               multipolygon.tags[key] !== survivor.tags[key]) return;
-             }
+               while (true) {
+                 prevEvent = event;
+                 event = nextEvent;
+                 events.push(event);
+                 /* Is the ring complete? */
 
-             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(multipolygon.tags);
-             graph = graph.replace(survivor);
-             graph = actionDeleteRelation(multipolygon.id, true
-             /* allow untagged members */
-             )(graph);
-             var tags = Object.assign({}, survivor.tags);
+                 if (event.point === startingPoint) break;
 
-             if (survivor.geometry(graph) !== 'area') {
-               // ensure the feature persists as an area
-               tags.area = 'yes';
-             }
+                 while (true) {
+                   var availableLEs = event.getAvailableLinkedEvents();
+                   /* Did we hit a dead end? This shouldn't happen. Indicates some earlier
+                    * part of the algorithm malfunctioned... please file a bug report. */
 
-             delete tags.type; // remove type=multipolygon
+                   if (availableLEs.length === 0) {
+                     var firstPt = events[0].point;
+                     var lastPt = events[events.length - 1].point;
+                     throw new Error("Unable to complete output ring starting at [".concat(firstPt.x, ",") + " ".concat(firstPt.y, "]. Last matching segment found ends at") + " [".concat(lastPt.x, ", ").concat(lastPt.y, "]."));
+                   }
+                   /* Only one way to go, so cotinue on the path */
 
-             survivor = survivor.update({
-               tags: tags
-             });
-             graph = graph.replace(survivor);
-           }
 
-           checkForSimpleMultipolygon();
-           return graph;
-         }; // Returns the number of nodes the resultant way is expected to have
+                   if (availableLEs.length === 1) {
+                     nextEvent = availableLEs[0].otherSE;
+                     break;
+                   }
+                   /* We must have an intersection. Check for a completed loop */
+
+
+                   var indexLE = null;
+
+                   for (var j = 0, jMax = intersectionLEs.length; j < jMax; j++) {
+                     if (intersectionLEs[j].point === event.point) {
+                       indexLE = j;
+                       break;
+                     }
+                   }
+                   /* Found a completed loop. Cut that off and make a ring */
+
+
+                   if (indexLE !== null) {
+                     var intersectionLE = intersectionLEs.splice(indexLE)[0];
+                     var ringEvents = events.splice(intersectionLE.index);
+                     ringEvents.unshift(ringEvents[0].otherSE);
+                     ringsOut.push(new RingOut(ringEvents.reverse()));
+                     continue;
+                   }
+                   /* register the intersection */
+
+
+                   intersectionLEs.push({
+                     index: events.length,
+                     point: event.point
+                   });
+                   /* Choose the left-most option to continue the walk */
+
+                   var comparator = event.getLeftmostComparator(prevEvent);
+                   nextEvent = availableLEs.sort(comparator)[0].otherSE;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
+
+               ringsOut.push(new RingOut(events));
+             }
 
+             return ringsOut;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-         action.resultingWayNodesLength = function (graph) {
-           return ids.reduce(function (count, id) {
-             return count + graph.entity(id).nodes.length;
-           }, 0) - ids.length - 1;
-         };
+         function RingOut(events) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, RingOut);
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
+           this.events = events;
 
-           if (ids.length < 2 || ids.length !== geometries.line.length) {
-             return 'not_eligible';
+           for (var i = 0, iMax = events.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+             events[i].segment.ringOut = this;
            }
 
-           var joined = osmJoinWays(ids.map(graph.entity, graph), graph);
+           this.poly = null;
+         }
 
-           if (joined.length > 1) {
-             return 'not_adjacent';
-           } // Loop through all combinations of path-pairs
-           // to check potential intersections between all pairs
+         _createClass(RingOut, [{
+           key: "getGeom",
+           value: function getGeom() {
+             // Remove superfluous points (ie extra points along a straight line),
+             var prevPt = this.events[0].point;
+             var points = [prevPt];
 
+             for (var i = 1, iMax = this.events.length - 1; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var _pt = this.events[i].point;
+               var _nextPt = this.events[i + 1].point;
+               if (compareVectorAngles(_pt, prevPt, _nextPt) === 0) continue;
+               points.push(_pt);
+               prevPt = _pt;
+             } // ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < ids.length - 1; i++) {
-             for (var j = i + 1; j < ids.length; j++) {
-               var path1 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[i])).map(function (e) {
-                 return e.loc;
-               });
-               var path2 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[j])).map(function (e) {
-                 return e.loc;
-               });
-               var intersections = geoPathIntersections(path1, path2); // Check if intersections are just nodes lying on top of
-               // each other/the line, as opposed to crossing it
 
-               var common = utilArrayIntersection(joined[0].nodes.map(function (n) {
-                 return n.loc.toString();
-               }), intersections.map(function (n) {
-                 return n.toString();
-               }));
+             if (points.length === 1) return null; // check if the starting point is necessary
 
-               if (common.length !== intersections.length) {
-                 return 'paths_intersect';
-               }
-             }
-           }
+             var pt = points[0];
+             var nextPt = points[1];
+             if (compareVectorAngles(pt, prevPt, nextPt) === 0) points.shift();
+             points.push(points[0]);
+             var step = this.isExteriorRing() ? 1 : -1;
+             var iStart = this.isExteriorRing() ? 0 : points.length - 1;
+             var iEnd = this.isExteriorRing() ? points.length : -1;
+             var orderedPoints = [];
 
-           var nodeIds = joined[0].nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return n.id;
-           }).slice(1, -1);
-           var relation;
-           var tags = {};
-           var conflicting = false;
-           joined[0].forEach(function (way) {
-             var parents = graph.parentRelations(way);
-             parents.forEach(function (parent) {
-               if (parent.isRestriction() && parent.members.some(function (m) {
-                 return nodeIds.indexOf(m.id) >= 0;
-               })) {
-                 relation = parent;
-               }
-             });
+             for (var _i = iStart; _i != iEnd; _i += step) {
+               orderedPoints.push([points[_i].x, points[_i].y]);
+             }
 
-             for (var k in way.tags) {
-               if (!(k in tags)) {
-                 tags[k] = way.tags[k];
-               } else if (tags[k] && osmIsInterestingTag(k) && tags[k] !== way.tags[k]) {
-                 conflicting = true;
-               }
+             return orderedPoints;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "isExteriorRing",
+           value: function isExteriorRing() {
+             if (this._isExteriorRing === undefined) {
+               var enclosing = this.enclosingRing();
+               this._isExteriorRing = enclosing ? !enclosing.isExteriorRing() : true;
              }
-           });
 
-           if (relation) {
-             return 'restriction';
+             return this._isExteriorRing;
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "enclosingRing",
+           value: function enclosingRing() {
+             if (this._enclosingRing === undefined) {
+               this._enclosingRing = this._calcEnclosingRing();
+             }
 
-           if (conflicting) {
-             return 'conflicting_tags';
+             return this._enclosingRing;
            }
-         };
+           /* Returns the ring that encloses this one, if any */
 
-         return action;
-       }
+         }, {
+           key: "_calcEnclosingRing",
+           value: function _calcEnclosingRing() {
+             // start with the ealier sweep line event so that the prevSeg
+             // chain doesn't lead us inside of a loop of ours
+             var leftMostEvt = this.events[0];
 
-       function actionMerge(ids) {
-         function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
-           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
-             return graph.entity(id);
-           });
-           return Object.assign({
-             point: [],
-             area: [],
-             line: [],
-             relation: []
-           }, utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function (entity) {
-             return entity.geometry(graph);
-           }));
-         }
+             for (var i = 1, iMax = this.events.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var evt = this.events[i];
+               if (SweepEvent.compare(leftMostEvt, evt) > 0) leftMostEvt = evt;
+             }
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
-           var target = geometries.area[0] || geometries.line[0];
-           var points = geometries.point;
-           points.forEach(function (point) {
-             target = target.mergeTags(point.tags);
-             graph = graph.replace(target);
-             graph.parentRelations(point).forEach(function (parent) {
-               graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(point, target));
-             });
-             var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(target));
-             var removeNode = point;
+             var prevSeg = leftMostEvt.segment.prevInResult();
+             var prevPrevSeg = prevSeg ? prevSeg.prevInResult() : null;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-               var node = nodes[i];
+             while (true) {
+               // no segment found, thus no ring can enclose us
+               if (!prevSeg) return null; // no segments below prev segment found, thus the ring of the prev
+               // segment must loop back around and enclose us
 
-               if (graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 || graph.parentRelations(node).length || node.hasInterestingTags()) {
-                 continue;
-               } // Found an uninteresting child node on the target way.
-               // Move orig point into its place to preserve point's history. #3683
+               if (!prevPrevSeg) return prevSeg.ringOut; // if the two segments are of different rings, the ring of the prev
+               // segment must either loop around us or the ring of the prev prev
+               // seg, which would make us and the ring of the prev peers
 
+               if (prevPrevSeg.ringOut !== prevSeg.ringOut) {
+                 if (prevPrevSeg.ringOut.enclosingRing() !== prevSeg.ringOut) {
+                   return prevSeg.ringOut;
+                 } else return prevSeg.ringOut.enclosingRing();
+               } // two segments are from the same ring, so this was a penisula
+               // of that ring. iterate downward, keep searching
 
-               graph = graph.replace(point.update({
-                 tags: {},
-                 loc: node.loc
-               }));
-               target = target.replaceNode(node.id, point.id);
-               graph = graph.replace(target);
-               removeNode = node;
-               break;
+
+               prevSeg = prevPrevSeg.prevInResult();
+               prevPrevSeg = prevSeg ? prevSeg.prevInResult() : null;
              }
+           }
+         }]);
 
-             graph = graph.remove(removeNode);
-           });
+         return RingOut;
+       }();
 
-           if (target.tags.area === 'yes') {
-             var tags = Object.assign({}, target.tags); // shallow copy
+       var PolyOut = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function PolyOut(exteriorRing) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, PolyOut);
 
-             delete tags.area;
+           this.exteriorRing = exteriorRing;
+           exteriorRing.poly = this;
+           this.interiorRings = [];
+         }
 
-             if (osmTagSuggestingArea(tags)) {
-               // remove the `area` tag if area geometry is now implied - #3851
-               target = target.update({
-                 tags: tags
-               });
-               graph = graph.replace(target);
-             }
+         _createClass(PolyOut, [{
+           key: "addInterior",
+           value: function addInterior(ring) {
+             this.interiorRings.push(ring);
+             ring.poly = this;
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "getGeom",
+           value: function getGeom() {
+             var geom = [this.exteriorRing.getGeom()]; // exterior ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
 
-           return graph;
-         };
+             if (geom[0] === null) return null;
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.interiorRings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ringGeom = this.interiorRings[i].getGeom(); // interior ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
 
-           if (geometries.point.length === 0 || geometries.area.length + geometries.line.length !== 1 || geometries.relation.length !== 0) {
-             return 'not_eligible';
+               if (ringGeom === null) continue;
+               geom.push(ringGeom);
+             }
+
+             return geom;
            }
-         };
+         }]);
 
-         return action;
-       }
+         return PolyOut;
+       }();
 
-       //
-       // 1. move all the nodes to a common location
-       // 2. `actionConnect` them
+       var MultiPolyOut = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function MultiPolyOut(rings) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, MultiPolyOut);
 
-       function actionMergeNodes(nodeIDs, loc) {
-         // If there is a single "interesting" node, use that as the location.
-         // Otherwise return the average location of all the nodes.
-         function chooseLoc(graph) {
-           if (!nodeIDs.length) return null;
-           var sum = [0, 0];
-           var interestingCount = 0;
-           var interestingLoc;
+           this.rings = rings;
+           this.polys = this._composePolys(rings);
+         }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-             var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+         _createClass(MultiPolyOut, [{
+           key: "getGeom",
+           value: function getGeom() {
+             var geom = [];
 
-             if (node.hasInterestingTags()) {
-               interestingLoc = ++interestingCount === 1 ? node.loc : null;
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.polys.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var polyGeom = this.polys[i].getGeom(); // exterior ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
+
+               if (polyGeom === null) continue;
+               geom.push(polyGeom);
              }
 
-             sum = geoVecAdd(sum, node.loc);
+             return geom;
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "_composePolys",
+           value: function _composePolys(rings) {
+             var polys = [];
 
-           return interestingLoc || geoVecScale(sum, 1 / nodeIDs.length);
-         }
-
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           if (nodeIDs.length < 2) return graph;
-           var toLoc = loc;
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = rings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ring = rings[i];
+               if (ring.poly) continue;
+               if (ring.isExteriorRing()) polys.push(new PolyOut(ring));else {
+                 var enclosingRing = ring.enclosingRing();
+                 if (!enclosingRing.poly) polys.push(new PolyOut(enclosingRing));
+                 enclosingRing.poly.addInterior(ring);
+               }
+             }
 
-           if (!toLoc) {
-             toLoc = chooseLoc(graph);
+             return polys;
            }
+         }]);
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-             var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-
-             if (node.loc !== toLoc) {
-               graph = graph.replace(node.move(toLoc));
-             }
-           }
+         return MultiPolyOut;
+       }();
+       /**
+        * NOTE:  We must be careful not to change any segments while
+        *        they are in the SplayTree. AFAIK, there's no way to tell
+        *        the tree to rebalance itself - thus before splitting
+        *        a segment that's in the tree, we remove it from the tree,
+        *        do the split, then re-insert it. (Even though splitting a
+        *        segment *shouldn't* change its correct position in the
+        *        sweep line tree, the reality is because of rounding errors,
+        *        it sometimes does.)
+        */
 
-           return actionConnect(nodeIDs)(graph);
-         };
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           if (nodeIDs.length < 2) return 'not_eligible';
+       var SweepLine = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function SweepLine(queue) {
+           var comparator = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : Segment.compare;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-             var entity = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-             if (entity.type !== 'node') return 'not_eligible';
-           }
+           _classCallCheck(this, SweepLine);
 
-           return actionConnect(nodeIDs).disabled(graph);
-         };
+           this.queue = queue;
+           this.tree = new Tree(comparator);
+           this.segments = [];
+         }
 
-         return action;
-       }
+         _createClass(SweepLine, [{
+           key: "process",
+           value: function process(event) {
+             var segment = event.segment;
+             var newEvents = []; // if we've already been consumed by another segment,
+             // clean up our body parts and get out
 
-       function osmChangeset() {
-         if (!(this instanceof osmChangeset)) {
-           return new osmChangeset().initialize(arguments);
-         } else if (arguments.length) {
-           this.initialize(arguments);
-         }
-       }
-       osmEntity.changeset = osmChangeset;
-       osmChangeset.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
-       Object.assign(osmChangeset.prototype, {
-         type: 'changeset',
-         extent: function extent() {
-           return new geoExtent();
-         },
-         geometry: function geometry() {
-           return 'changeset';
-         },
-         asJXON: function asJXON() {
-           return {
-             osm: {
-               changeset: {
-                 tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
-                   return {
-                     '@k': k,
-                     '@v': this.tags[k]
-                   };
-                 }, this),
-                 '@version': 0.6,
-                 '@generator': 'iD'
-               }
+             if (event.consumedBy) {
+               if (event.isLeft) this.queue.remove(event.otherSE);else this.tree.remove(segment);
+               return newEvents;
              }
-           };
-         },
-         // Generate [osmChange](http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/OsmChange)
-         // XML. Returns a string.
-         osmChangeJXON: function osmChangeJXON(changes) {
-           var changeset_id = this.id;
 
-           function nest(x, order) {
-             var groups = {};
+             var node = event.isLeft ? this.tree.insert(segment) : this.tree.find(segment);
+             if (!node) throw new Error("Unable to find segment #".concat(segment.id, " ") + "[".concat(segment.leftSE.point.x, ", ").concat(segment.leftSE.point.y, "] -> ") + "[".concat(segment.rightSE.point.x, ", ").concat(segment.rightSE.point.y, "] ") + 'in SweepLine tree. Please submit a bug report.');
+             var prevNode = node;
+             var nextNode = node;
+             var prevSeg = undefined;
+             var nextSeg = undefined; // skip consumed segments still in tree
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
-               var tagName = Object.keys(x[i])[0];
-               if (!groups[tagName]) groups[tagName] = [];
-               groups[tagName].push(x[i][tagName]);
+             while (prevSeg === undefined) {
+               prevNode = this.tree.prev(prevNode);
+               if (prevNode === null) prevSeg = null;else if (prevNode.key.consumedBy === undefined) prevSeg = prevNode.key;
+             } // skip consumed segments still in tree
+
+
+             while (nextSeg === undefined) {
+               nextNode = this.tree.next(nextNode);
+               if (nextNode === null) nextSeg = null;else if (nextNode.key.consumedBy === undefined) nextSeg = nextNode.key;
              }
 
-             var ordered = {};
-             order.forEach(function (o) {
-               if (groups[o]) ordered[o] = groups[o];
-             });
-             return ordered;
-           } // sort relations in a changeset by dependencies
+             if (event.isLeft) {
+               // Check for intersections against the previous segment in the sweep line
+               var prevMySplitter = null;
 
+               if (prevSeg) {
+                 var prevInter = prevSeg.getIntersection(segment);
 
-           function sort(changes) {
-             // find a referenced relation in the current changeset
-             function resolve(item) {
-               return relations.find(function (relation) {
-                 return item.keyAttributes.type === 'relation' && item.keyAttributes.ref === relation['@id'];
-               });
-             } // a new item is an item that has not been already processed
+                 if (prevInter !== null) {
+                   if (!segment.isAnEndpoint(prevInter)) prevMySplitter = prevInter;
 
+                   if (!prevSeg.isAnEndpoint(prevInter)) {
+                     var newEventsFromSplit = this._splitSafely(prevSeg, prevInter);
 
-             function isNew(item) {
-               return !sorted[item['@id']] && !processing.find(function (proc) {
-                 return proc['@id'] === item['@id'];
-               });
-             }
+                     for (var i = 0, iMax = newEventsFromSplit.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+                       newEvents.push(newEventsFromSplit[i]);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               } // Check for intersections against the next segment in the sweep line
 
-             var processing = [];
-             var sorted = {};
-             var relations = changes.relation;
-             if (!relations) return changes;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < relations.length; i++) {
-               var relation = relations[i]; // skip relation if already sorted
+               var nextMySplitter = null;
 
-               if (!sorted[relation['@id']]) {
-                 processing.push(relation);
-               }
+               if (nextSeg) {
+                 var nextInter = nextSeg.getIntersection(segment);
 
-               while (processing.length > 0) {
-                 var next = processing[0],
-                     deps = next.member.map(resolve).filter(Boolean).filter(isNew);
+                 if (nextInter !== null) {
+                   if (!segment.isAnEndpoint(nextInter)) nextMySplitter = nextInter;
 
-                 if (deps.length === 0) {
-                   sorted[next['@id']] = next;
-                   processing.shift();
-                 } else {
-                   processing = deps.concat(processing);
+                   if (!nextSeg.isAnEndpoint(nextInter)) {
+                     var _newEventsFromSplit = this._splitSafely(nextSeg, nextInter);
+
+                     for (var _i = 0, _iMax = _newEventsFromSplit.length; _i < _iMax; _i++) {
+                       newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit[_i]);
+                     }
+                   }
                  }
-               }
-             }
+               } // For simplicity, even if we find more than one intersection we only
+               // spilt on the 'earliest' (sweep-line style) of the intersections.
+               // The other intersection will be handled in a future process().
 
-             changes.relation = Object.values(sorted);
-             return changes;
-           }
 
-           function rep(entity) {
-             return entity.asJXON(changeset_id);
-           }
+               if (prevMySplitter !== null || nextMySplitter !== null) {
+                 var mySplitter = null;
+                 if (prevMySplitter === null) mySplitter = nextMySplitter;else if (nextMySplitter === null) mySplitter = prevMySplitter;else {
+                   var cmpSplitters = SweepEvent.comparePoints(prevMySplitter, nextMySplitter);
+                   mySplitter = cmpSplitters <= 0 ? prevMySplitter : nextMySplitter;
+                 } // Rounding errors can cause changes in ordering,
+                 // so remove afected segments and right sweep events before splitting
 
-           return {
-             osmChange: {
-               '@version': 0.6,
-               '@generator': 'iD',
-               'create': sort(nest(changes.created.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation'])),
-               'modify': nest(changes.modified.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation']),
-               'delete': Object.assign(nest(changes.deleted.map(rep), ['relation', 'way', 'node']), {
-                 '@if-unused': true
-               })
-             }
-           };
-         },
-         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON() {
-           return {};
-         }
-       });
+                 this.queue.remove(segment.rightSE);
+                 newEvents.push(segment.rightSE);
 
-       function osmNote() {
-         if (!(this instanceof osmNote)) {
-           return new osmNote().initialize(arguments);
-         } else if (arguments.length) {
-           this.initialize(arguments);
-         }
-       }
+                 var _newEventsFromSplit2 = segment.split(mySplitter);
+
+                 for (var _i2 = 0, _iMax2 = _newEventsFromSplit2.length; _i2 < _iMax2; _i2++) {
+                   newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit2[_i2]);
+                 }
+               }
+
+               if (newEvents.length > 0) {
+                 // We found some intersections, so re-do the current event to
+                 // make sure sweep line ordering is totally consistent for later
+                 // use with the segment 'prev' pointers
+                 this.tree.remove(segment);
+                 newEvents.push(event);
+               } else {
+                 // done with left event
+                 this.segments.push(segment);
+                 segment.prev = prevSeg;
+               }
+             } else {
+               // event.isRight
+               // since we're about to be removed from the sweep line, check for
+               // intersections between our previous and next segments
+               if (prevSeg && nextSeg) {
+                 var inter = prevSeg.getIntersection(nextSeg);
+
+                 if (inter !== null) {
+                   if (!prevSeg.isAnEndpoint(inter)) {
+                     var _newEventsFromSplit3 = this._splitSafely(prevSeg, inter);
 
-       osmNote.id = function () {
-         return osmNote.id.next--;
-       };
+                     for (var _i3 = 0, _iMax3 = _newEventsFromSplit3.length; _i3 < _iMax3; _i3++) {
+                       newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit3[_i3]);
+                     }
+                   }
 
-       osmNote.id.next = -1;
-       Object.assign(osmNote.prototype, {
-         type: 'note',
-         initialize: function initialize(sources) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
-             var source = sources[i];
+                   if (!nextSeg.isAnEndpoint(inter)) {
+                     var _newEventsFromSplit4 = this._splitSafely(nextSeg, inter);
 
-             for (var prop in source) {
-               if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
-                 if (source[prop] === undefined) {
-                   delete this[prop];
-                 } else {
-                   this[prop] = source[prop];
+                     for (var _i4 = 0, _iMax4 = _newEventsFromSplit4.length; _i4 < _iMax4; _i4++) {
+                       newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit4[_i4]);
+                     }
+                   }
                  }
                }
+
+               this.tree.remove(segment);
              }
-           }
 
-           if (!this.id) {
-             this.id = osmNote.id().toString();
+             return newEvents;
            }
+           /* Safely split a segment that is currently in the datastructures
+            * IE - a segment other than the one that is currently being processed. */
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         extent: function extent() {
-           return new geoExtent(this.loc);
-         },
-         update: function update(attrs) {
-           return osmNote(this, attrs); // {v: 1 + (this.v || 0)}
-         },
-         isNew: function isNew() {
-           return this.id < 0;
-         },
-         move: function move(loc) {
-           return this.update({
-             loc: loc
-           });
-         }
-       });
-
-       function osmRelation() {
-         if (!(this instanceof osmRelation)) {
-           return new osmRelation().initialize(arguments);
-         } else if (arguments.length) {
-           this.initialize(arguments);
-         }
-       }
-       osmEntity.relation = osmRelation;
-       osmRelation.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
-
-       osmRelation.creationOrder = function (a, b) {
-         var aId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(a.id), 10);
-         var bId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(b.id), 10);
-         if (aId < 0 || bId < 0) return aId - bId;
-         return bId - aId;
-       };
-
-       Object.assign(osmRelation.prototype, {
-         type: 'relation',
-         members: [],
-         copy: function copy(resolver, copies) {
-           if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
-           var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);
-           var members = this.members.map(function (member) {
-             return Object.assign({}, member, {
-               id: resolver.entity(member.id).copy(resolver, copies).id
-             });
-           });
-           copy = copy.update({
-             members: members
-           });
-           copies[this.id] = copy;
-           return copy;
-         },
-         extent: function extent(resolver, memo) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'extent', function () {
-             if (memo && memo[this.id]) return geoExtent();
-             memo = memo || {};
-             memo[this.id] = true;
-             var extent = geoExtent();
+         }, {
+           key: "_splitSafely",
+           value: function _splitSafely(seg, pt) {
+             // Rounding errors can cause changes in ordering,
+             // so remove afected segments and right sweep events before splitting
+             // removeNode() doesn't work, so have re-find the seg
+             // https://github.com/w8r/splay-tree/pull/5
+             this.tree.remove(seg);
+             var rightSE = seg.rightSE;
+             this.queue.remove(rightSE);
+             var newEvents = seg.split(pt);
+             newEvents.push(rightSE); // splitting can trigger consumption
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-               var member = resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id);
+             if (seg.consumedBy === undefined) this.tree.insert(seg);
+             return newEvents;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-               if (member) {
-                 extent._extend(member.extent(resolver, memo));
-               }
-             }
+         return SweepLine;
+       }();
 
-             return extent;
-           });
-         },
-         geometry: function geometry(graph) {
-           return graph["transient"](this, 'geometry', function () {
-             return this.isMultipolygon() ? 'area' : 'relation';
-           });
-         },
-         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
-           return this.members.length === 0;
-         },
-         // Return an array of members, each extended with an 'index' property whose value
-         // is the member index.
-         indexedMembers: function indexedMembers() {
-           var result = new Array(this.members.length);
+       var POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE = typeof process !== 'undefined' && process.env.POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE || 1000000;
+       var POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_SWEEPLINE_SEGMENTS = typeof process !== 'undefined' && process.env.POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_SWEEPLINE_SEGMENTS || 1000000;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-             result[i] = Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
-               index: i
-             });
-           }
+       var Operation = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Operation() {
+           _classCallCheck(this, Operation);
+         }
 
-           return result;
-         },
-         // Return the first member with the given role. A copy of the member object
-         // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
-         memberByRole: function memberByRole(role) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-             if (this.members[i].role === role) {
-               return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
-                 index: i
-               });
-             }
-           }
-         },
-         // Same as memberByRole, but returns all members with the given role
-         membersByRole: function membersByRole(role) {
-           var result = [];
+         _createClass(Operation, [{
+           key: "run",
+           value: function run(type, geom, moreGeoms) {
+             operation.type = type;
+             rounder.reset();
+             /* Convert inputs to MultiPoly objects */
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-             if (this.members[i].role === role) {
-               result.push(Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
-                 index: i
-               }));
-             }
-           }
+             var multipolys = [new MultiPolyIn(geom, true)];
 
-           return result;
-         },
-         // Return the first member with the given id. A copy of the member object
-         // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
-         memberById: function memberById(id) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-             if (this.members[i].id === id) {
-               return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
-                 index: i
-               });
-             }
-           }
-         },
-         // Return the first member with the given id and role. A copy of the member object
-         // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
-         memberByIdAndRole: function memberByIdAndRole(id, role) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-             if (this.members[i].id === id && this.members[i].role === role) {
-               return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
-                 index: i
-               });
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = moreGeoms.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               multipolys.push(new MultiPolyIn(moreGeoms[i], false));
              }
-           }
-         },
-         addMember: function addMember(member, index) {
-           var members = this.members.slice();
-           members.splice(index === undefined ? members.length : index, 0, member);
-           return this.update({
-             members: members
-           });
-         },
-         updateMember: function updateMember(member, index) {
-           var members = this.members.slice();
-           members.splice(index, 1, Object.assign({}, members[index], member));
-           return this.update({
-             members: members
-           });
-         },
-         removeMember: function removeMember(index) {
-           var members = this.members.slice();
-           members.splice(index, 1);
-           return this.update({
-             members: members
-           });
-         },
-         removeMembersWithID: function removeMembersWithID(id) {
-           var members = this.members.filter(function (m) {
-             return m.id !== id;
-           });
-           return this.update({
-             members: members
-           });
-         },
-         moveMember: function moveMember(fromIndex, toIndex) {
-           var members = this.members.slice();
-           members.splice(toIndex, 0, members.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
-           return this.update({
-             members: members
-           });
-         },
-         // Wherever a member appears with id `needle.id`, replace it with a member
-         // with id `replacement.id`, type `replacement.type`, and the original role,
-         // By default, adding a duplicate member (by id and role) is prevented.
-         // Return an updated relation.
-         replaceMember: function replaceMember(needle, replacement, keepDuplicates) {
-           if (!this.memberById(needle.id)) return this;
-           var members = [];
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-             var member = this.members[i];
+             operation.numMultiPolys = multipolys.length;
+             /* BBox optimization for difference operation
+              * If the bbox of a multipolygon that's part of the clipping doesn't
+              * intersect the bbox of the subject at all, we can just drop that
+              * multiploygon. */
 
-             if (member.id !== needle.id) {
-               members.push(member);
-             } else if (keepDuplicates || !this.memberByIdAndRole(replacement.id, member.role)) {
-               members.push({
-                 id: replacement.id,
-                 type: replacement.type,
-                 role: member.role
-               });
-             }
-           }
+             if (operation.type === 'difference') {
+               // in place removal
+               var subject = multipolys[0];
+               var _i = 1;
 
-           return this.update({
-             members: members
-           });
-         },
-         asJXON: function asJXON(changeset_id) {
-           var r = {
-             relation: {
-               '@id': this.osmId(),
-               '@version': this.version || 0,
-               member: this.members.map(function (member) {
-                 return {
-                   keyAttributes: {
-                     type: member.type,
-                     role: member.role,
-                     ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(member.id)
-                   }
-                 };
-               }, this),
-               tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
-                 return {
-                   keyAttributes: {
-                     k: k,
-                     v: this.tags[k]
-                   }
-                 };
-               }, this)
+               while (_i < multipolys.length) {
+                 if (getBboxOverlap(multipolys[_i].bbox, subject.bbox) !== null) _i++;else multipolys.splice(_i, 1);
+               }
              }
-           };
-
-           if (changeset_id) {
-             r.relation['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
-           }
+             /* BBox optimization for intersection operation
+              * If we can find any pair of multipolygons whose bbox does not overlap,
+              * then the result will be empty. */
 
-           return r;
-         },
-         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'GeoJSON', function () {
-             if (this.isMultipolygon()) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'MultiPolygon',
-                 coordinates: this.multipolygon(resolver)
-               };
-             } else {
-               return {
-                 type: 'FeatureCollection',
-                 properties: this.tags,
-                 features: this.members.map(function (member) {
-                   return Object.assign({
-                     role: member.role
-                   }, resolver.entity(member.id).asGeoJSON(resolver));
-                 })
-               };
-             }
-           });
-         },
-         area: function area(resolver) {
-           return resolver["transient"](this, 'area', function () {
-             return d3_geoArea(this.asGeoJSON(resolver));
-           });
-         },
-         isMultipolygon: function isMultipolygon() {
-           return this.tags.type === 'multipolygon';
-         },
-         isComplete: function isComplete(resolver) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-             if (!resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id)) {
-               return false;
-             }
-           }
 
-           return true;
-         },
-         hasFromViaTo: function hasFromViaTo() {
-           return this.members.some(function (m) {
-             return m.role === 'from';
-           }) && this.members.some(function (m) {
-             return m.role === 'via';
-           }) && this.members.some(function (m) {
-             return m.role === 'to';
-           });
-         },
-         isRestriction: function isRestriction() {
-           return !!(this.tags.type && this.tags.type.match(/^restriction:?/));
-         },
-         isValidRestriction: function isValidRestriction() {
-           if (!this.isRestriction()) return false;
-           var froms = this.members.filter(function (m) {
-             return m.role === 'from';
-           });
-           var vias = this.members.filter(function (m) {
-             return m.role === 'via';
-           });
-           var tos = this.members.filter(function (m) {
-             return m.role === 'to';
-           });
-           if (froms.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_entry') return false;
-           if (froms.some(function (m) {
-             return m.type !== 'way';
-           })) return false;
-           if (tos.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_exit') return false;
-           if (tos.some(function (m) {
-             return m.type !== 'way';
-           })) return false;
-           if (vias.length === 0) return false;
-           if (vias.length > 1 && vias.some(function (m) {
-             return m.type !== 'way';
-           })) return false;
-           return true;
-         },
-         // Returns an array [A0, ... An], each Ai being an array of node arrays [Nds0, ... Ndsm],
-         // where Nds0 is an outer ring and subsequent Ndsi's (if any i > 0) being inner rings.
-         //
-         // This corresponds to the structure needed for rendering a multipolygon path using a
-         // `evenodd` fill rule, as well as the structure of a GeoJSON MultiPolygon geometry.
-         //
-         // In the case of invalid geometries, this function will still return a result which
-         // includes the nodes of all way members, but some Nds may be unclosed and some inner
-         // rings not matched with the intended outer ring.
-         //
-         multipolygon: function multipolygon(resolver) {
-           var outers = this.members.filter(function (m) {
-             return 'outer' === (m.role || 'outer');
-           });
-           var inners = this.members.filter(function (m) {
-             return 'inner' === m.role;
-           });
-           outers = osmJoinWays(outers, resolver);
-           inners = osmJoinWays(inners, resolver);
+             if (operation.type === 'intersection') {
+               // TODO: this is O(n^2) in number of polygons. By sorting the bboxes,
+               //       it could be optimized to O(n * ln(n))
+               for (var _i2 = 0, _iMax = multipolys.length; _i2 < _iMax; _i2++) {
+                 var mpA = multipolys[_i2];
 
-           var sequenceToLineString = function sequenceToLineString(sequence) {
-             if (sequence.nodes.length > 2 && sequence.nodes[0] !== sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1]) {
-               // close unclosed parts to ensure correct area rendering - #2945
-               sequence.nodes.push(sequence.nodes[0]);
+                 for (var j = _i2 + 1, jMax = multipolys.length; j < jMax; j++) {
+                   if (getBboxOverlap(mpA.bbox, multipolys[j].bbox) === null) return [];
+                 }
+               }
              }
+             /* Put segment endpoints in a priority queue */
 
-             return sequence.nodes.map(function (node) {
-               return node.loc;
-             });
-           };
 
-           outers = outers.map(sequenceToLineString);
-           inners = inners.map(sequenceToLineString);
-           var result = outers.map(function (o) {
-             // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
-             // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
-             return [d3_geoArea({
-               type: 'Polygon',
-               coordinates: [o]
-             }) > 2 * Math.PI ? o.reverse() : o];
-           });
+             var queue = new Tree(SweepEvent.compare);
 
-           function findOuter(inner) {
-             var o, outer;
+             for (var _i3 = 0, _iMax2 = multipolys.length; _i3 < _iMax2; _i3++) {
+               var sweepEvents = multipolys[_i3].getSweepEvents();
 
-             for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
-               outer = outers[o];
-               if (geoPolygonContainsPolygon(outer, inner)) return o;
-             }
+               for (var _j = 0, _jMax = sweepEvents.length; _j < _jMax; _j++) {
+                 queue.insert(sweepEvents[_j]);
 
-             for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
-               outer = outers[o];
-               if (geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(outer, inner, false)) return o;
+                 if (queue.size > POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE) {
+                   // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
+                   throw new Error('Infinite loop when putting segment endpoints in a priority queue ' + '(queue size too big). Please file a bug report.');
+                 }
+               }
              }
-           }
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < inners.length; i++) {
-             var inner = inners[i];
+             /* Pass the sweep line over those endpoints */
 
-             if (d3_geoArea({
-               type: 'Polygon',
-               coordinates: [inner]
-             }) < 2 * Math.PI) {
-               inner = inner.reverse();
-             }
 
-             var o = findOuter(inners[i]);
+             var sweepLine = new SweepLine(queue);
+             var prevQueueSize = queue.size;
+             var node = queue.pop();
 
-             if (o !== undefined) {
-               result[o].push(inners[i]);
-             } else {
-               result.push([inners[i]]); // Invalid geometry
-             }
-           }
+             while (node) {
+               var evt = node.key;
 
-           return result;
-         }
-       });
+               if (queue.size === prevQueueSize) {
+                 // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
+                 var seg = evt.segment;
+                 throw new Error("Unable to pop() ".concat(evt.isLeft ? 'left' : 'right', " SweepEvent ") + "[".concat(evt.point.x, ", ").concat(evt.point.y, "] from segment #").concat(seg.id, " ") + "[".concat(seg.leftSE.point.x, ", ").concat(seg.leftSE.point.y, "] -> ") + "[".concat(seg.rightSE.point.x, ", ").concat(seg.rightSE.point.y, "] from queue. ") + 'Please file a bug report.');
+               }
 
-       var QAItem = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function QAItem(loc, service, itemType, id, props) {
-           _classCallCheck(this, QAItem);
+               if (queue.size > POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE) {
+                 // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
+                 throw new Error('Infinite loop when passing sweep line over endpoints ' + '(queue size too big). Please file a bug report.');
+               }
 
-           // Store required properties
-           this.loc = loc;
-           this.service = service.title;
-           this.itemType = itemType; // All issues must have an ID for selection, use generic if none specified
+               if (sweepLine.segments.length > POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_SWEEPLINE_SEGMENTS) {
+                 // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
+                 throw new Error('Infinite loop when passing sweep line over endpoints ' + '(too many sweep line segments). Please file a bug report.');
+               }
 
-           this.id = id ? id : "".concat(QAItem.id());
-           this.update(props); // Some QA services have marker icons to differentiate issues
+               var newEvents = sweepLine.process(evt);
 
-           if (service && typeof service.getIcon === 'function') {
-             this.icon = service.getIcon(itemType);
-           }
-         }
+               for (var _i4 = 0, _iMax3 = newEvents.length; _i4 < _iMax3; _i4++) {
+                 var _evt = newEvents[_i4];
+                 if (_evt.consumedBy === undefined) queue.insert(_evt);
+               }
 
-         _createClass(QAItem, [{
-           key: "update",
-           value: function update(props) {
-             var _this = this;
+               prevQueueSize = queue.size;
+               node = queue.pop();
+             } // free some memory we don't need anymore
 
-             // You can't override this initial information
-             var loc = this.loc,
-                 service = this.service,
-                 itemType = this.itemType,
-                 id = this.id;
-             Object.keys(props).forEach(function (prop) {
-               return _this[prop] = props[prop];
-             });
-             this.loc = loc;
-             this.service = service;
-             this.itemType = itemType;
-             this.id = id;
-             return this;
-           } // Generic handling for newly created QAItems
 
-         }], [{
-           key: "id",
-           value: function id() {
-             return this.nextId--;
+             rounder.reset();
+             /* Collect and compile segments we're keeping into a multipolygon */
+
+             var ringsOut = RingOut.factory(sweepLine.segments);
+             var result = new MultiPolyOut(ringsOut);
+             return result.getGeom();
            }
          }]);
 
-         return QAItem;
-       }();
-       QAItem.nextId = -1;
+         return Operation;
+       }(); // singleton available by import
 
-       //
-       // Optionally, split only the given ways, if multiple ways share
-       // the given node.
-       //
-       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionJoin`.
-       //
-       // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the new way.
-       // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
-       // be assigned a new ID.
-       //
-       // Reference:
-       //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/SplitWayAction.as
-       //
 
-       function actionSplit(nodeIds, newWayIds) {
-         // accept single ID for backwards-compatiblity
-         if (typeof nodeIds === 'string') nodeIds = [nodeIds];
+       var operation = new Operation();
 
-         var _wayIDs; // the strategy for picking which way will have a new version and which way is newly created
+       var union = function union(geom) {
+         for (var _len = arguments.length, moreGeoms = new Array(_len > 1 ? _len - 1 : 0), _key = 1; _key < _len; _key++) {
+           moreGeoms[_key - 1] = arguments[_key];
+         }
 
+         return operation.run('union', geom, moreGeoms);
+       };
 
-         var _keepHistoryOn = 'longest'; // 'longest', 'first'
-         // The IDs of the ways actually created by running this action
+       var intersection$1 = function intersection(geom) {
+         for (var _len2 = arguments.length, moreGeoms = new Array(_len2 > 1 ? _len2 - 1 : 0), _key2 = 1; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
+           moreGeoms[_key2 - 1] = arguments[_key2];
+         }
 
-         var _createdWayIDs = [];
+         return operation.run('intersection', geom, moreGeoms);
+       };
 
-         function dist(graph, nA, nB) {
-           var locA = graph.entity(nA).loc;
-           var locB = graph.entity(nB).loc;
-           var epsilon = 1e-6;
-           return locA && locB ? geoSphericalDistance(locA, locB) : epsilon;
-         } // If the way is closed, we need to search for a partner node
-         // to split the way at.
-         //
-         // The following looks for a node that is both far away from
-         // the initial node in terms of way segment length and nearby
-         // in terms of beeline-distance. This assures that areas get
-         // split on the most "natural" points (independent of the number
-         // of nodes).
-         // For example: bone-shaped areas get split across their waist
-         // line, circles across the diameter.
+       var xor = function xor(geom) {
+         for (var _len3 = arguments.length, moreGeoms = new Array(_len3 > 1 ? _len3 - 1 : 0), _key3 = 1; _key3 < _len3; _key3++) {
+           moreGeoms[_key3 - 1] = arguments[_key3];
+         }
 
+         return operation.run('xor', geom, moreGeoms);
+       };
 
-         function splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph) {
-           var lengths = new Array(nodes.length);
-           var length;
-           var i;
-           var best = 0;
-           var idxB;
+       var difference = function difference(subjectGeom) {
+         for (var _len4 = arguments.length, clippingGeoms = new Array(_len4 > 1 ? _len4 - 1 : 0), _key4 = 1; _key4 < _len4; _key4++) {
+           clippingGeoms[_key4 - 1] = arguments[_key4];
+         }
 
-           function wrap(index) {
-             return utilWrap(index, nodes.length);
-           } // calculate lengths
+         return operation.run('difference', subjectGeom, clippingGeoms);
+       };
 
+       var index = {
+         union: union,
+         intersection: intersection$1,
+         xor: xor,
+         difference: difference
+       };
 
-           length = 0;
+       var geojsonPrecision = {exports: {}};
 
-           for (i = wrap(idxA + 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i + 1)) {
-             length += dist(graph, nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i - 1)]);
-             lengths[i] = length;
+       (function () {
+         function parse(t, coordinatePrecision, extrasPrecision) {
+           function point(p) {
+             return p.map(function (e, index) {
+               if (index < 2) {
+                 return 1 * e.toFixed(coordinatePrecision);
+               } else {
+                 return 1 * e.toFixed(extrasPrecision);
+               }
+             });
            }
 
-           length = 0;
+           function multi(l) {
+             return l.map(point);
+           }
 
-           for (i = wrap(idxA - 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i - 1)) {
-             length += dist(graph, nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i + 1)]);
+           function poly(p) {
+             return p.map(multi);
+           }
 
-             if (length < lengths[i]) {
-               lengths[i] = length;
+           function multiPoly(m) {
+             return m.map(poly);
+           }
+
+           function geometry(obj) {
+             if (!obj) {
+               return {};
              }
-           } // determine best opposite node to split
 
+             switch (obj.type) {
+               case "Point":
+                 obj.coordinates = point(obj.coordinates);
+                 return obj;
 
-           for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-             var cost = lengths[i] / dist(graph, nodes[idxA], nodes[i]);
+               case "LineString":
+               case "MultiPoint":
+                 obj.coordinates = multi(obj.coordinates);
+                 return obj;
 
-             if (cost > best) {
-               idxB = i;
-               best = cost;
-             }
-           }
+               case "Polygon":
+               case "MultiLineString":
+                 obj.coordinates = poly(obj.coordinates);
+                 return obj;
 
-           return idxB;
-         }
+               case "MultiPolygon":
+                 obj.coordinates = multiPoly(obj.coordinates);
+                 return obj;
 
-         function totalLengthBetweenNodes(graph, nodes) {
-           var totalLength = 0;
+               case "GeometryCollection":
+                 obj.geometries = obj.geometries.map(geometry);
+                 return obj;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-             totalLength += dist(graph, nodes[i], nodes[i + 1]);
+               default:
+                 return {};
+             }
            }
 
-           return totalLength;
-         }
-
-         function split(graph, nodeId, wayA, newWayId) {
-           var wayB = osmWay({
-             id: newWayId,
-             tags: wayA.tags
-           }); // `wayB` is the NEW way
+           function feature(obj) {
+             obj.geometry = geometry(obj.geometry);
+             return obj;
+           }
 
-           var origNodes = wayA.nodes.slice();
-           var nodesA;
-           var nodesB;
-           var isArea = wayA.isArea();
-           var isOuter = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(wayA, graph);
+           function featureCollection(f) {
+             f.features = f.features.map(feature);
+             return f;
+           }
 
-           if (wayA.isClosed()) {
-             var nodes = wayA.nodes.slice(0, -1);
-             var idxA = nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
-             var idxB = splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph);
+           function geometryCollection(g) {
+             g.geometries = g.geometries.map(geometry);
+             return g;
+           }
 
-             if (idxB < idxA) {
-               nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxB + 1));
-               nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB, idxA + 1);
-             } else {
-               nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA, idxB + 1);
-               nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxA + 1));
-             }
-           } else {
-             var idx = wayA.nodes.indexOf(nodeId, 1);
-             nodesA = wayA.nodes.slice(0, idx + 1);
-             nodesB = wayA.nodes.slice(idx);
+           if (!t) {
+             return t;
            }
 
-           var lengthA = totalLengthBetweenNodes(graph, nodesA);
-           var lengthB = totalLengthBetweenNodes(graph, nodesB);
+           switch (t.type) {
+             case "Feature":
+               return feature(t);
 
-           if (_keepHistoryOn === 'longest' && lengthB > lengthA) {
-             // keep the history on the longer way, regardless of the node count
-             wayA = wayA.update({
-               nodes: nodesB
-             });
-             wayB = wayB.update({
-               nodes: nodesA
-             });
-             var temp = lengthA;
-             lengthA = lengthB;
-             lengthB = temp;
-           } else {
-             wayA = wayA.update({
-               nodes: nodesA
-             });
-             wayB = wayB.update({
-               nodes: nodesB
-             });
-           }
+             case "GeometryCollection":
+               return geometryCollection(t);
 
-           if (wayA.tags.step_count) {
-             // divide up the the step count proportionally between the two ways
-             var stepCount = parseFloat(wayA.tags.step_count);
+             case "FeatureCollection":
+               return featureCollection(t);
 
-             if (stepCount && // ensure a number
-             isFinite(stepCount) && // ensure positive
-             stepCount > 0 && // ensure integer
-             Math.round(stepCount) === stepCount) {
-               var tagsA = Object.assign({}, wayA.tags);
-               var tagsB = Object.assign({}, wayB.tags);
-               var ratioA = lengthA / (lengthA + lengthB);
-               var countA = Math.round(stepCount * ratioA);
-               tagsA.step_count = countA.toString();
-               tagsB.step_count = (stepCount - countA).toString();
-               wayA = wayA.update({
-                 tags: tagsA
-               });
-               wayB = wayB.update({
-                 tags: tagsB
-               });
-             }
+             case "Point":
+             case "LineString":
+             case "Polygon":
+             case "MultiPoint":
+             case "MultiPolygon":
+             case "MultiLineString":
+               return geometry(t);
+
+             default:
+               return t;
            }
+         }
 
-           graph = graph.replace(wayA);
-           graph = graph.replace(wayB);
-           graph.parentRelations(wayA).forEach(function (relation) {
-             var member; // Turn restrictions - make sure:
-             // 1. Splitting a FROM/TO way - only `wayA` OR `wayB` remains in relation
-             //    (whichever one is connected to the VIA node/ways)
-             // 2. Splitting a VIA way - `wayB` remains in relation as a VIA way
+         geojsonPrecision.exports = parse;
+         geojsonPrecision.exports.parse = parse;
+       })();
 
-             if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
-               var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
-               var v = relation.membersByRole('via');
-               var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
-               var i; // 1. split a FROM/TO
+       var precision = geojsonPrecision.exports;
 
-               if (f.id === wayA.id || t.id === wayA.id) {
-                 var keepB = false;
+       var $$d = _export;
+       var fails$5 = fails$N;
+       var toObject = toObject$i;
+       var toPrimitive = toPrimitive$7;
 
-                 if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {
-                   // check via node
-                   keepB = wayB.contains(v[0].id);
-                 } else {
-                   // check via way(s)
-                   for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
-                     if (v[i].type === 'way') {
-                       var wayVia = graph.hasEntity(v[i].id);
+       var FORCED$3 = fails$5(function () {
+         return new Date(NaN).toJSON() !== null
+           || Date.prototype.toJSON.call({ toISOString: function () { return 1; } }) !== 1;
+       });
 
-                       if (wayVia && utilArrayIntersection(wayB.nodes, wayVia.nodes).length) {
-                         keepB = true;
-                         break;
-                       }
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
+       // `Date.prototype.toJSON` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.tojson
+       $$d({ target: 'Date', proto: true, forced: FORCED$3 }, {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         toJSON: function toJSON(key) {
+           var O = toObject(this);
+           var pv = toPrimitive(O);
+           return typeof pv == 'number' && !isFinite(pv) ? null : O.toISOString();
+         }
+       });
 
-                 if (keepB) {
-                   relation = relation.replaceMember(wayA, wayB);
-                   graph = graph.replace(relation);
-                 } // 2. split a VIA
+       var $$c = _export;
 
-               } else {
-                 for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
-                   if (v[i].type === 'way' && v[i].id === wayA.id) {
-                     member = {
-                       id: wayB.id,
-                       type: 'way',
-                       role: 'via'
-                     };
-                     graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, v[i].index + 1)(graph);
-                     break;
-                   }
-                 }
-               } // All other relations (Routes, Multipolygons, etc):
-               // 1. Both `wayA` and `wayB` remain in the relation
-               // 2. But must be inserted as a pair (see `actionAddMember` for details)
+       // `URL.prototype.toJSON` method
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-tojson
+       $$c({ target: 'URL', proto: true, enumerable: true }, {
+         toJSON: function toJSON() {
+           return URL.prototype.toString.call(this);
+         }
+       });
 
-             } else {
-               if (relation === isOuter) {
-                 graph = graph.replace(relation.mergeTags(wayA.tags));
-                 graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({
-                   tags: {}
-                 }));
-                 graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({
-                   tags: {}
-                 }));
-               }
+       function isObject$3(obj) {
+         return _typeof(obj) === 'object' && obj !== null;
+       }
 
-               member = {
-                 id: wayB.id,
-                 type: 'way',
-                 role: relation.memberById(wayA.id).role
-               };
-               var insertPair = {
-                 originalID: wayA.id,
-                 insertedID: wayB.id,
-                 nodes: origNodes
-               };
-               graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, undefined, insertPair)(graph);
-             }
+       function forEach(obj, cb) {
+         if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
+           obj.forEach(cb);
+         } else if (isObject$3(obj)) {
+           Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key) {
+             var val = obj[key];
+             cb(val, key);
            });
+         }
+       }
 
-           if (!isOuter && isArea) {
-             var multipolygon = osmRelation({
-               tags: Object.assign({}, wayA.tags, {
-                 type: 'multipolygon'
-               }),
-               members: [{
-                 id: wayA.id,
-                 role: 'outer',
-                 type: 'way'
-               }, {
-                 id: wayB.id,
-                 role: 'outer',
-                 type: 'way'
-               }]
-             });
-             graph = graph.replace(multipolygon);
-             graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({
-               tags: {}
-             }));
-             graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({
-               tags: {}
-             }));
-           }
+       function getTreeDepth(obj) {
+         var depth = 0;
 
-           _createdWayIDs.push(wayB.id);
+         if (Array.isArray(obj) || isObject$3(obj)) {
+           forEach(obj, function (val) {
+             if (Array.isArray(val) || isObject$3(val)) {
+               var tmpDepth = getTreeDepth(val);
 
-           return graph;
+               if (tmpDepth > depth) {
+                 depth = tmpDepth;
+               }
+             }
+           });
+           return depth + 1;
          }
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           _createdWayIDs = [];
-           var newWayIndex = 0;
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIds.length; i++) {
-             var nodeId = nodeIds[i];
-             var candidates = action.waysForNode(nodeId, graph);
+         return depth;
+       }
 
-             for (var j = 0; j < candidates.length; j++) {
-               graph = split(graph, nodeId, candidates[j], newWayIds && newWayIds[newWayIndex]);
-               newWayIndex += 1;
-             }
+       function stringify(obj, options) {
+         options = options || {};
+         var indent = JSON.stringify([1], null, get(options, 'indent', 2)).slice(2, -3);
+         var addMargin = get(options, 'margins', false);
+         var addArrayMargin = get(options, 'arrayMargins', false);
+         var addObjectMargin = get(options, 'objectMargins', false);
+         var maxLength = indent === '' ? Infinity : get(options, 'maxLength', 80);
+         var maxNesting = get(options, 'maxNesting', Infinity);
+         return function _stringify(obj, currentIndent, reserved) {
+           if (obj && typeof obj.toJSON === 'function') {
+             obj = obj.toJSON();
            }
 
-           return graph;
-         };
+           var string = JSON.stringify(obj);
 
-         action.getCreatedWayIDs = function () {
-           return _createdWayIDs;
-         };
+           if (string === undefined) {
+             return string;
+           }
 
-         action.waysForNode = function (nodeId, graph) {
-           var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
-           var splittableParents = graph.parentWays(node).filter(isSplittable);
+           var length = maxLength - currentIndent.length - reserved;
+           var treeDepth = getTreeDepth(obj);
 
-           if (!_wayIDs) {
-             // If the ways to split aren't specified, only split the lines.
-             // If there are no lines to split, split the areas.
-             var hasLine = splittableParents.some(function (parent) {
-               return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line';
+           if (treeDepth <= maxNesting && string.length <= length) {
+             var prettified = prettify(string, {
+               addMargin: addMargin,
+               addArrayMargin: addArrayMargin,
+               addObjectMargin: addObjectMargin
              });
 
-             if (hasLine) {
-               return splittableParents.filter(function (parent) {
-                 return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line';
-               });
+             if (prettified.length <= length) {
+               return prettified;
              }
            }
 
-           return splittableParents;
-
-           function isSplittable(parent) {
-             // If the ways to split are specified, ignore everything else.
-             if (_wayIDs && _wayIDs.indexOf(parent.id) === -1) return false; // We can fake splitting closed ways at their endpoints...
+           if (isObject$3(obj)) {
+             var nextIndent = currentIndent + indent;
+             var items = [];
+             var delimiters;
 
-             if (parent.isClosed()) return true; // otherwise, we can't split nodes at their endpoints.
+             var comma = function comma(array, index) {
+               return index === array.length - 1 ? 0 : 1;
+             };
 
-             for (var i = 1; i < parent.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-               if (parent.nodes[i] === nodeId) return true;
-             }
+             if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
+               for (var index = 0; index < obj.length; index++) {
+                 items.push(_stringify(obj[index], nextIndent, comma(obj, index)) || 'null');
+               }
 
-             return false;
-           }
-         };
+               delimiters = '[]';
+             } else {
+               Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key, index, array) {
+                 var keyPart = JSON.stringify(key) + ': ';
 
-         action.ways = function (graph) {
-           return utilArrayUniq([].concat.apply([], nodeIds.map(function (nodeId) {
-             return action.waysForNode(nodeId, graph);
-           })));
-         };
+                 var value = _stringify(obj[key], nextIndent, keyPart.length + comma(array, index));
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIds.length; i++) {
-             var nodeId = nodeIds[i];
-             var candidates = action.waysForNode(nodeId, graph);
+                 if (value !== undefined) {
+                   items.push(keyPart + value);
+                 }
+               });
+               delimiters = '{}';
+             }
 
-             if (candidates.length === 0 || _wayIDs && _wayIDs.length !== candidates.length) {
-               return 'not_eligible';
+             if (items.length > 0) {
+               return [delimiters[0], indent + items.join(',\n' + nextIndent), delimiters[1]].join('\n' + currentIndent);
              }
            }
-         };
 
-         action.limitWays = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _wayIDs;
-           _wayIDs = val;
-           return action;
-         };
+           return string;
+         }(obj, '', 0);
+       } // Note: This regex matches even invalid JSON strings, but since we’re
+       // working on the output of `JSON.stringify` we know that only valid strings
+       // are present (unless the user supplied a weird `options.indent` but in
+       // that case we don’t care since the output would be invalid anyway).
 
-         action.keepHistoryOn = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _keepHistoryOn;
-           _keepHistoryOn = val;
-           return action;
-         };
 
-         return action;
-       }
+       var stringOrChar = /("(?:[^\\"]|\\.)*")|[:,\][}{]/g;
 
-       function coreGraph(other, mutable) {
-         if (!(this instanceof coreGraph)) return new coreGraph(other, mutable);
+       function prettify(string, options) {
+         options = options || {};
+         var tokens = {
+           '{': '{',
+           '}': '}',
+           '[': '[',
+           ']': ']',
+           ',': ', ',
+           ':': ': '
+         };
 
-         if (other instanceof coreGraph) {
-           var base = other.base();
-           this.entities = Object.assign(Object.create(base.entities), other.entities);
-           this._parentWays = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentWays), other._parentWays);
-           this._parentRels = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentRels), other._parentRels);
-         } else {
-           this.entities = Object.create({});
-           this._parentWays = Object.create({});
-           this._parentRels = Object.create({});
-           this.rebase(other || [], [this]);
+         if (options.addMargin || options.addObjectMargin) {
+           tokens['{'] = '{ ';
+           tokens['}'] = ' }';
          }
 
-         this.transients = {};
-         this._childNodes = {};
-         this.frozen = !mutable;
-       }
-       coreGraph.prototype = {
-         hasEntity: function hasEntity(id) {
-           return this.entities[id];
-         },
-         entity: function entity(id) {
-           var entity = this.entities[id]; //https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/3973#issuecomment-307052376
-
-           if (!entity) {
-             entity = this.entities.__proto__[id]; // eslint-disable-line no-proto
-           }
-
-           if (!entity) {
-             throw new Error('entity ' + id + ' not found');
-           }
+         if (options.addMargin || options.addArrayMargin) {
+           tokens['['] = '[ ';
+           tokens[']'] = ' ]';
+         }
 
-           return entity;
-         },
-         geometry: function geometry(id) {
-           return this.entity(id).geometry(this);
-         },
-         "transient": function transient(entity, key, fn) {
-           var id = entity.id;
-           var transients = this.transients[id] || (this.transients[id] = {});
+         return string.replace(stringOrChar, function (match, string) {
+           return string ? match : tokens[match];
+         });
+       }
 
-           if (transients[key] !== undefined) {
-             return transients[key];
-           }
+       function get(options, name, defaultValue) {
+         return name in options ? options[name] : defaultValue;
+       }
 
-           transients[key] = fn.call(entity);
-           return transients[key];
-         },
-         parentWays: function parentWays(entity) {
-           var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
-           var result = [];
+       var jsonStringifyPrettyCompact = stringify;
 
-           if (parents) {
-             parents.forEach(function (id) {
-               result.push(this.entity(id));
-             }, this);
-           }
+       var _default = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         // constructor
+         //
+         // `fc`  Optional FeatureCollection of known features
+         //
+         // Optionally pass a GeoJSON FeatureCollection of known features which we can refer to later.
+         // Each feature must have a filename-like `id`, for example: `something.geojson`
+         //
+         // {
+         //   "type": "FeatureCollection"
+         //   "features": [
+         //     {
+         //       "type": "Feature",
+         //       "id": "philly_metro.geojson",
+         //       "properties": { … },
+         //       "geometry": { … }
+         //     }
+         //   ]
+         // }
+         function _default(fc) {
+           var _this = this;
 
-           return result;
-         },
-         isPoi: function isPoi(entity) {
-           var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
-           return !parents || parents.size === 0;
-         },
-         isShared: function isShared(entity) {
-           var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
-           return parents && parents.size > 1;
-         },
-         parentRelations: function parentRelations(entity) {
-           var parents = this._parentRels[entity.id];
-           var result = [];
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, _default);
 
-           if (parents) {
-             parents.forEach(function (id) {
-               result.push(this.entity(id));
-             }, this);
-           }
+           // The _cache retains resolved features, so if you ask for the same thing multiple times
+           // we don't repeat the expensive resolving/clipping operations.
+           //
+           // Each feature has a stable identifier that is used as the cache key.
+           // The identifiers look like:
+           // - for point locations, the stringified point:          e.g. '[8.67039,49.41882]'
+           // - for geojson locations, the geojson id:               e.g. 'de-hamburg.geojson'
+           // - for countrycoder locations, feature.id property:     e.g. 'Q2'  (countrycoder uses Wikidata identifiers)
+           // - for aggregated locationSets, +[include]-[exclude]:   e.g '+[Q2]-[Q18,Q27611]'
+           this._cache = {}; // When strict mode = true, throw on invalid locations or locationSets.
+           // When strict mode = false, return `null` for invalid locations or locationSets.
 
-           return result;
-         },
-         parentMultipolygons: function parentMultipolygons(entity) {
-           return this.parentRelations(entity).filter(function (relation) {
-             return relation.isMultipolygon();
-           });
-         },
-         childNodes: function childNodes(entity) {
-           if (this._childNodes[entity.id]) return this._childNodes[entity.id];
-           if (!entity.nodes) return [];
-           var nodes = [];
+           this._strict = true; // process input FeatureCollection
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
-             nodes[i] = this.entity(entity.nodes[i]);
-           }
-           this._childNodes[entity.id] = nodes;
-           return this._childNodes[entity.id];
-         },
-         base: function base() {
-           return {
-             'entities': Object.getPrototypeOf(this.entities),
-             'parentWays': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentWays),
-             'parentRels': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentRels)
-           };
-         },
-         // Unlike other graph methods, rebase mutates in place. This is because it
-         // is used only during the history operation that merges newly downloaded
-         // data into each state. To external consumers, it should appear as if the
-         // graph always contained the newly downloaded data.
-         rebase: function rebase(entities, stack, force) {
-           var base = this.base();
-           var i, j, k, id;
+           if (fc && fc.type === 'FeatureCollection' && Array.isArray(fc.features)) {
+             fc.features.forEach(function (feature) {
+               feature.properties = feature.properties || {};
+               var props = feature.properties; // Get `id` from either `id` or `properties`
 
-           for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-             var entity = entities[i];
-             if (!entity.visible || !force && base.entities[entity.id]) continue; // Merging data into the base graph
+               var id = feature.id || props.id;
+               if (!id || !/^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(id)) return; // Ensure `id` exists and is lowercase
 
-             base.entities[entity.id] = entity;
+               id = id.toLowerCase();
+               feature.id = id;
+               props.id = id; // Ensure `area` property exists
 
-             this._updateCalculated(undefined, entity, base.parentWays, base.parentRels); // Restore provisionally-deleted nodes that are discovered to have an extant parent
+               if (!props.area) {
+                 var area = geojsonArea.geometry(feature.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
 
+                 props.area = Number(area.toFixed(2));
+               }
 
-             if (entity.type === 'way') {
-               for (j = 0; j < entity.nodes.length; j++) {
-                 id = entity.nodes[j];
+               _this._cache[id] = feature;
+             });
+           } // Replace CountryCoder world geometry to be a polygon covering the world.
 
-                 for (k = 1; k < stack.length; k++) {
-                   var ents = stack[k].entities;
 
-                   if (ents.hasOwnProperty(id) && ents[id] === undefined) {
-                     delete ents[id];
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           }
+           var world = _cloneDeep(feature$1('Q2'));
 
-           for (i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
-             stack[i]._updateRebased();
-           }
-         },
-         _updateRebased: function _updateRebased() {
-           var base = this.base();
-           Object.keys(this._parentWays).forEach(function (child) {
-             if (base.parentWays[child]) {
-               base.parentWays[child].forEach(function (id) {
-                 if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
-                   this._parentWays[child].add(id);
-                 }
-               }, this);
-             }
-           }, this);
-           Object.keys(this._parentRels).forEach(function (child) {
-             if (base.parentRels[child]) {
-               base.parentRels[child].forEach(function (id) {
-                 if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
-                   this._parentRels[child].add(id);
-                 }
-               }, this);
-             }
-           }, this);
-           this.transients = {}; // this._childNodes is not updated, under the assumption that
-           // ways are always downloaded with their child nodes.
-         },
-         // Updates calculated properties (parentWays, parentRels) for the specified change
-         _updateCalculated: function _updateCalculated(oldentity, entity, parentWays, parentRels) {
-           parentWays = parentWays || this._parentWays;
-           parentRels = parentRels || this._parentRels;
-           var type = entity && entity.type || oldentity && oldentity.type;
-           var removed, added, i;
+           world.geometry = {
+             type: 'Polygon',
+             coordinates: [[[-180, -90], [180, -90], [180, 90], [-180, 90], [-180, -90]]]
+           };
+           world.id = 'Q2';
+           world.properties.id = 'Q2';
+           world.properties.area = geojsonArea.geometry(world.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
 
-           if (type === 'way') {
-             // Update parentWays
-             if (oldentity && entity) {
-               removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentity.nodes, entity.nodes);
-               added = utilArrayDifference(entity.nodes, oldentity.nodes);
-             } else if (oldentity) {
-               removed = oldentity.nodes;
-               added = [];
-             } else if (entity) {
-               removed = [];
-               added = entity.nodes;
-             }
+           this._cache.Q2 = world;
+         } // validateLocation
+         // `location`  The location to validate
+         //
+         // Pass a `location` value to validate
+         //
+         // Returns a result like:
+         //   {
+         //     type:     'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
+         //     location:  the queried location
+         //     id:        the stable identifier for the feature
+         //   }
+         // or `null` if the location is invalid
+         //
 
-             for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
-               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
-               parentWays[removed[i]] = new Set(parentWays[removed[i]]);
-               parentWays[removed[i]]["delete"](oldentity.id);
-             }
 
-             for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
-               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
-               parentWays[added[i]] = new Set(parentWays[added[i]]);
-               parentWays[added[i]].add(entity.id);
-             }
-           } else if (type === 'relation') {
-             // Update parentRels
-             // diff only on the IDs since the same entity can be a member multiple times with different roles
-             var oldentityMemberIDs = oldentity ? oldentity.members.map(function (m) {
-               return m.id;
-             }) : [];
-             var entityMemberIDs = entity ? entity.members.map(function (m) {
-               return m.id;
-             }) : [];
+         _createClass$1(_default, [{
+           key: "validateLocation",
+           value: function validateLocation(location) {
+             if (Array.isArray(location) && (location.length === 2 || location.length === 3)) {
+               // [lon, lat] or [lon, lat, radius] point?
+               var lon = location[0];
+               var lat = location[1];
+               var radius = location[2];
 
-             if (oldentity && entity) {
-               removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentityMemberIDs, entityMemberIDs);
-               added = utilArrayDifference(entityMemberIDs, oldentityMemberIDs);
-             } else if (oldentity) {
-               removed = oldentityMemberIDs;
-               added = [];
-             } else if (entity) {
-               removed = [];
-               added = entityMemberIDs;
-             }
+               if (Number.isFinite(lon) && lon >= -180 && lon <= 180 && Number.isFinite(lat) && lat >= -90 && lat <= 90 && (location.length === 2 || Number.isFinite(radius) && radius > 0)) {
+                 var id = '[' + location.toString() + ']';
+                 return {
+                   type: 'point',
+                   location: location,
+                   id: id
+                 };
+               }
+             } else if (typeof location === 'string' && /^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(location)) {
+               // a .geojson filename?
+               var _id = location.toLowerCase();
 
-             for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
-               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
-               parentRels[removed[i]] = new Set(parentRels[removed[i]]);
-               parentRels[removed[i]]["delete"](oldentity.id);
-             }
+               if (this._cache[_id]) {
+                 return {
+                   type: 'geojson',
+                   location: location,
+                   id: _id
+                 };
+               }
+             } else if (typeof location === 'string' || typeof location === 'number') {
+               // a country-coder value?
+               var feature = feature$1(location);
 
-             for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
-               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
-               parentRels[added[i]] = new Set(parentRels[added[i]]);
-               parentRels[added[i]].add(entity.id);
+               if (feature) {
+                 // Use wikidata QID as the identifier, since that seems to be the one
+                 // property that everything in CountryCoder is guaranteed to have.
+                 var _id2 = feature.properties.wikidata;
+                 return {
+                   type: 'countrycoder',
+                   location: location,
+                   id: _id2
+                 };
+               }
              }
-           }
-         },
-         replace: function replace(entity) {
-           if (this.entities[entity.id] === entity) return this;
-           return this.update(function () {
-             this._updateCalculated(this.entities[entity.id], entity);
 
-             this.entities[entity.id] = entity;
-           });
-         },
-         remove: function remove(entity) {
-           return this.update(function () {
-             this._updateCalculated(entity, undefined);
+             if (this._strict) {
+               throw new Error("validateLocation:  Invalid location: \"".concat(location, "\"."));
+             } else {
+               return null;
+             }
+           } // resolveLocation
+           // `location`  The location to resolve
+           //
+           // Pass a `location` value to resolve
+           //
+           // Returns a result like:
+           //   {
+           //     type:      'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
+           //     location:  the queried location
+           //     id:        a stable identifier for the feature
+           //     feature:   the resolved GeoJSON feature
+           //   }
+           //  or `null` if the location is invalid
+           //
 
-             this.entities[entity.id] = undefined;
-           });
-         },
-         revert: function revert(id) {
-           var baseEntity = this.base().entities[id];
-           var headEntity = this.entities[id];
-           if (headEntity === baseEntity) return this;
-           return this.update(function () {
-             this._updateCalculated(headEntity, baseEntity);
+         }, {
+           key: "resolveLocation",
+           value: function resolveLocation(location) {
+             var valid = this.validateLocation(location);
+             if (!valid) return null;
+             var id = valid.id; // Return a result from cache if we can
 
-             delete this.entities[id];
-           });
-         },
-         update: function update() {
-           var graph = this.frozen ? coreGraph(this, true) : this;
+             if (this._cache[id]) {
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: this._cache[id]
+               });
+             } // A [lon,lat] coordinate pair?
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-             arguments[i].call(graph, graph);
-           }
 
-           if (this.frozen) graph.frozen = true;
-           return graph;
-         },
-         // Obliterates any existing entities
-         load: function load(entities) {
-           var base = this.base();
-           this.entities = Object.create(base.entities);
+             if (valid.type === 'point') {
+               var lon = location[0];
+               var lat = location[1];
+               var radius = location[2] || 25; // km
 
-           for (var i in entities) {
-             this.entities[i] = entities[i];
+               var EDGES = 10;
+               var PRECISION = 3;
+               var area = Math.PI * radius * radius;
+               var feature = this._cache[id] = precision({
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 id: id,
+                 properties: {
+                   id: id,
+                   area: Number(area.toFixed(2))
+                 },
+                 geometry: circleToPolygon([lon, lat], radius * 1000, EDGES) // km to m
 
-             this._updateCalculated(base.entities[i], this.entities[i]);
-           }
+               }, PRECISION);
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: feature
+               }); // A .geojson filename?
+             } else if (valid.type === 'geojson') ; else if (valid.type === 'countrycoder') {
+               var _feature = _cloneDeep(feature$1(id));
 
-           return this;
-         }
-       };
+               var props = _feature.properties; // -> This block of code is weird and requires some explanation. <-
+               // CountryCoder includes higher level features which are made up of members.
+               // These features don't have their own geometry, but CountryCoder provides an
+               //   `aggregateFeature` method to combine these members into a MultiPolygon.
+               // In the past, Turf/JSTS/martinez could not handle the aggregated features,
+               //   so we'd iteratively union them all together.  (this was slow)
+               // But now mfogel/polygon-clipping handles these MultiPolygons like a boss.
+               // This approach also has the benefit of removing all the internal boaders and
+               //   simplifying the regional polygons a lot.
 
-       function osmTurn(turn) {
-         if (!(this instanceof osmTurn)) {
-           return new osmTurn(turn);
-         }
+               if (Array.isArray(props.members)) {
+                 var aggregate = aggregateFeature(id);
+                 aggregate.geometry.coordinates = _clip([aggregate], 'UNION').geometry.coordinates;
+                 _feature.geometry = aggregate.geometry;
+               } // Ensure `area` property exists
 
-         Object.assign(this, turn);
-       }
-       function osmIntersection(graph, startVertexId, maxDistance) {
-         maxDistance = maxDistance || 30; // in meters
 
-         var vgraph = coreGraph(); // virtual graph
+               if (!props.area) {
+                 var _area = geojsonArea.geometry(_feature.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
 
-         var i, j, k;
 
-         function memberOfRestriction(entity) {
-           return graph.parentRelations(entity).some(function (r) {
-             return r.isRestriction();
-           });
-         }
+                 props.area = Number(_area.toFixed(2));
+               } // Ensure `id` property exists
 
-         function isRoad(way) {
-           if (way.isArea() || way.isDegenerate()) return false;
-           var roads = {
-             'motorway': true,
-             'motorway_link': true,
-             'trunk': true,
-             'trunk_link': true,
-             'primary': true,
-             'primary_link': true,
-             'secondary': true,
-             'secondary_link': true,
-             'tertiary': true,
-             'tertiary_link': true,
-             'residential': true,
-             'unclassified': true,
-             'living_street': true,
-             'service': true,
-             'road': true,
-             'track': true
-           };
-           return roads[way.tags.highway];
-         }
 
-         var startNode = graph.entity(startVertexId);
-         var checkVertices = [startNode];
-         var checkWays;
-         var vertices = [];
-         var vertexIds = [];
-         var vertex;
-         var ways = [];
-         var wayIds = [];
-         var way;
-         var nodes = [];
-         var node;
-         var parents = [];
-         var parent; // `actions` will store whatever actions must be performed to satisfy
-         // preconditions for adding a turn restriction to this intersection.
-         //  - Remove any existing degenerate turn restrictions (missing from/to, etc)
-         //  - Reverse oneways so that they are drawn in the forward direction
-         //  - Split ways on key vertices
+               _feature.id = id;
+               props.id = id;
+               this._cache[id] = _feature;
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: _feature
+               });
+             }
 
-         var actions = []; // STEP 1:  walk the graph outwards from starting vertex to search
-         //  for more key vertices and ways to include in the intersection..
+             if (this._strict) {
+               throw new Error("resolveLocation:  Couldn't resolve location \"".concat(location, "\"."));
+             } else {
+               return null;
+             }
+           } // validateLocationSet
+           // `locationSet`  the locationSet to validate
+           //
+           // Pass a locationSet Object to validate like:
+           //   {
+           //     include: [ Array of locations ],
+           //     exclude: [ Array of locations ]
+           //   }
+           //
+           // Returns a result like:
+           //   {
+           //     type:         'locationset'
+           //     locationSet:  the queried locationSet
+           //     id:           the stable identifier for the feature
+           //   }
+           // or `null` if the locationSet is invalid
+           //
 
-         while (checkVertices.length) {
-           vertex = checkVertices.pop(); // check this vertex for parent ways that are roads
+         }, {
+           key: "validateLocationSet",
+           value: function validateLocationSet(locationSet) {
+             locationSet = locationSet || {};
+             var validator = this.validateLocation.bind(this);
+             var include = (locationSet.include || []).map(validator).filter(Boolean);
+             var exclude = (locationSet.exclude || []).map(validator).filter(Boolean);
 
-           checkWays = graph.parentWays(vertex);
-           var hasWays = false;
+             if (!include.length) {
+               if (this._strict) {
+                 throw new Error("validateLocationSet:  LocationSet includes nothing.");
+               } else {
+                 // non-strict mode, replace an empty locationSet with one that includes "the world"
+                 locationSet.include = ['Q2'];
+                 include = [{
+                   type: 'countrycoder',
+                   location: 'Q2',
+                   id: 'Q2'
+                 }];
+               }
+             } // Generate stable identifier
 
-           for (i = 0; i < checkWays.length; i++) {
-             way = checkWays[i];
-             if (!isRoad(way) && !memberOfRestriction(way)) continue;
-             ways.push(way); // it's a road, or it's already in a turn restriction
 
-             hasWays = true; // check the way's children for more key vertices
+             include.sort(_sortLocations);
+             var id = '+[' + include.map(function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             }).join(',') + ']';
 
-             nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
+             if (exclude.length) {
+               exclude.sort(_sortLocations);
+               id += '-[' + exclude.map(function (d) {
+                 return d.id;
+               }).join(',') + ']';
+             }
 
-             for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {
-               node = nodes[j];
-               if (node === vertex) continue; // same thing
+             return {
+               type: 'locationset',
+               locationSet: locationSet,
+               id: id
+             };
+           } // resolveLocationSet
+           // `locationSet`  the locationSet to resolve
+           //
+           // Pass a locationSet Object to validate like:
+           //   {
+           //     include: [ Array of locations ],
+           //     exclude: [ Array of locations ]
+           //   }
+           //
+           // Returns a result like:
+           //   {
+           //     type:         'locationset'
+           //     locationSet:  the queried locationSet
+           //     id:           the stable identifier for the feature
+           //     feature:      the resolved GeoJSON feature
+           //   }
+           // or `null` if the locationSet is invalid
+           //
 
-               if (vertices.indexOf(node) !== -1) continue; // seen it already
+         }, {
+           key: "resolveLocationSet",
+           value: function resolveLocationSet(locationSet) {
+             locationSet = locationSet || {};
+             var valid = this.validateLocationSet(locationSet);
+             if (!valid) return null;
+             var id = valid.id; // Return a result from cache if we can
 
-               if (geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, startNode.loc) > maxDistance) continue; // too far from start
-               // a key vertex will have parents that are also roads
+             if (this._cache[id]) {
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: this._cache[id]
+               });
+             }
 
-               var hasParents = false;
-               parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+             var resolver = this.resolveLocation.bind(this);
+             var includes = (locationSet.include || []).map(resolver).filter(Boolean);
+             var excludes = (locationSet.exclude || []).map(resolver).filter(Boolean); // Return quickly if it's a single included location..
 
-               for (k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
-                 parent = parents[k];
-                 if (parent === way) continue; // same thing
+             if (includes.length === 1 && excludes.length === 0) {
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: includes[0].feature
+               });
+             } // Calculate unions
 
-                 if (ways.indexOf(parent) !== -1) continue; // seen it already
 
-                 if (!isRoad(parent)) continue; // not a road
+             var includeGeoJSON = _clip(includes.map(function (d) {
+               return d.feature;
+             }), 'UNION');
 
-                 hasParents = true;
-                 break;
-               }
+             var excludeGeoJSON = _clip(excludes.map(function (d) {
+               return d.feature;
+             }), 'UNION'); // Calculate difference, update `area` and return result
 
-               if (hasParents) {
-                 checkVertices.push(node);
-               }
-             }
-           }
 
-           if (hasWays) {
-             vertices.push(vertex);
-           }
-         }
+             var resultGeoJSON = excludeGeoJSON ? _clip([includeGeoJSON, excludeGeoJSON], 'DIFFERENCE') : includeGeoJSON;
+             var area = geojsonArea.geometry(resultGeoJSON.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
 
-         vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
-         ways = utilArrayUniq(ways); // STEP 2:  Build a virtual graph containing only the entities in the intersection..
-         // Everything done after this step should act on the virtual graph
-         // Any actions that must be performed later to the main graph go in `actions` array
+             resultGeoJSON.id = id;
+             resultGeoJSON.properties = {
+               id: id,
+               area: Number(area.toFixed(2))
+             };
+             this._cache[id] = resultGeoJSON;
+             return Object.assign(valid, {
+               feature: resultGeoJSON
+             });
+           } // strict
+           //
 
-         ways.forEach(function (way) {
-           graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function (node) {
-             vgraph = vgraph.replace(node);
-           });
-           vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);
-           graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (relation) {
-             if (relation.isRestriction()) {
-               if (relation.isValidRestriction(graph)) {
-                 vgraph = vgraph.replace(relation);
-               } else if (relation.isComplete(graph)) {
-                 actions.push(actionDeleteRelation(relation.id));
-               }
+         }, {
+           key: "strict",
+           value: function strict(val) {
+             if (val === undefined) {
+               // get
+               return this._strict;
+             } else {
+               // set
+               this._strict = val;
+               return this;
              }
-           });
-         }); // STEP 3:  Force all oneways to be drawn in the forward direction
+           } // cache
+           // convenience method to access the internal cache
 
-         ways.forEach(function (w) {
-           var way = vgraph.entity(w.id);
+         }, {
+           key: "cache",
+           value: function cache() {
+             return this._cache;
+           } // stringify
+           // convenience method to prettyStringify the given object
 
-           if (way.tags.oneway === '-1') {
-             var action = actionReverse(way.id, {
-               reverseOneway: true
-             });
-             actions.push(action);
-             vgraph = action(vgraph);
+         }, {
+           key: "stringify",
+           value: function stringify(obj, options) {
+             return jsonStringifyPrettyCompact(obj, options);
            }
-         }); // STEP 4:  Split ways on key vertices
+         }]);
 
-         var origCount = osmEntity.id.next.way;
-         vertices.forEach(function (v) {
-           // This is an odd way to do it, but we need to find all the ways that
-           // will be split here, then split them one at a time to ensure that these
-           // actions can be replayed on the main graph exactly in the same order.
-           // (It is unintuitive, but the order of ways returned from graph.parentWays()
-           // is arbitrary, depending on how the main graph and vgraph were built)
-           var splitAll = actionSplit([v.id]).keepHistoryOn('first');
+         return _default;
+       }(); // Wrap the mfogel/polygon-clipping library and return a GeoJSON feature.
 
-           if (!splitAll.disabled(vgraph)) {
-             splitAll.ways(vgraph).forEach(function (way) {
-               var splitOne = actionSplit([v.id]).limitWays([way.id]).keepHistoryOn('first');
-               actions.push(splitOne);
-               vgraph = splitOne(vgraph);
-             });
+       function _clip(features, which) {
+         if (!Array.isArray(features) || !features.length) return null;
+         var fn = {
+           UNION: index.union,
+           DIFFERENCE: index.difference
+         }[which];
+         var args = features.map(function (feature) {
+           return feature.geometry.coordinates;
+         });
+         var coords = fn.apply(null, args);
+         return {
+           type: 'Feature',
+           properties: {},
+           geometry: {
+             type: whichType(coords),
+             coordinates: coords
            }
-         }); // In here is where we should also split the intersection at nearby junction.
-         //   for https://github.com/mapbox/iD-internal/issues/31
-         // nearbyVertices.forEach(function(v) {
-         // });
-         // Reasons why we reset the way id count here:
-         //  1. Continuity with way ids created by the splits so that we can replay
-         //     these actions later if the user decides to create a turn restriction
-         //  2. Avoids churning way ids just by hovering over a vertex
-         //     and displaying the turn restriction editor
+         }; // is this a Polygon or a MultiPolygon?
 
-         osmEntity.id.next.way = origCount; // STEP 5:  Update arrays to point to vgraph entities
+         function whichType(coords) {
+           var a = Array.isArray(coords);
+           var b = a && Array.isArray(coords[0]);
+           var c = b && Array.isArray(coords[0][0]);
+           var d = c && Array.isArray(coords[0][0][0]);
+           return d ? 'MultiPolygon' : 'Polygon';
+         }
+       }
 
-         vertexIds = vertices.map(function (v) {
-           return v.id;
-         });
-         vertices = [];
-         ways = [];
-         vertexIds.forEach(function (id) {
-           var vertex = vgraph.entity(id);
-           var parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
-           vertices.push(vertex);
-           ways = ways.concat(parents);
-         });
-         vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
-         ways = utilArrayUniq(ways);
-         vertexIds = vertices.map(function (v) {
-           return v.id;
-         });
-         wayIds = ways.map(function (w) {
-           return w.id;
-         }); // STEP 6:  Update the ways with some metadata that will be useful for
-         // walking the intersection graph later and rendering turn arrows.
+       function _cloneDeep(obj) {
+         return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
+       } // Sorting the location lists is ok because they end up unioned together.
+       // This sorting makes it possible to generate a deterministic id.
 
-         function withMetadata(way, vertexIds) {
-           var __oneWay = way.isOneWay(); // which affixes are key vertices?
 
+       function _sortLocations(a, b) {
+         var rank = {
+           countrycoder: 1,
+           geojson: 2,
+           point: 3
+         };
+         var aRank = rank[a.type];
+         var bRank = rank[b.type];
+         return aRank > bRank ? 1 : aRank < bRank ? -1 : a.id.localeCompare(b.id);
+       }
 
-           var __first = vertexIds.indexOf(way.first()) !== -1;
+       var $$b = _export;
 
-           var __last = vertexIds.indexOf(way.last()) !== -1; // what roles is this way eligible for?
+       // `Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER` constant
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.max_safe_integer
+       $$b({ target: 'Number', stat: true }, {
+         MAX_SAFE_INTEGER: 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF
+       });
 
+       var aesJs = {exports: {}};
 
-           var __via = __first && __last;
+       (function (module, exports) {
+         (function (root) {
 
-           var __from = __first && !__oneWay || __last;
+           function checkInt(value) {
+             return parseInt(value) === value;
+           }
 
-           var __to = __first || __last && !__oneWay;
+           function checkInts(arrayish) {
+             if (!checkInt(arrayish.length)) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-           return way.update({
-             __first: __first,
-             __last: __last,
-             __from: __from,
-             __via: __via,
-             __to: __to,
-             __oneWay: __oneWay
-           });
-         }
+             for (var i = 0; i < arrayish.length; i++) {
+               if (!checkInt(arrayish[i]) || arrayish[i] < 0 || arrayish[i] > 255) {
+                 return false;
+               }
+             }
 
-         ways = [];
-         wayIds.forEach(function (id) {
-           var way = withMetadata(vgraph.entity(id), vertexIds);
-           vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);
-           ways.push(way);
-         }); // STEP 7:  Simplify - This is an iterative process where we:
-         //  1. Find trivial vertices with only 2 parents
-         //  2. trim off the leaf way from those vertices and remove from vgraph
+             return true;
+           }
 
-         var keepGoing;
-         var removeWayIds = [];
-         var removeVertexIds = [];
+           function coerceArray(arg, copy) {
+             // ArrayBuffer view
+             if (arg.buffer && arg.name === 'Uint8Array') {
+               if (copy) {
+                 if (arg.slice) {
+                   arg = arg.slice();
+                 } else {
+                   arg = Array.prototype.slice.call(arg);
+                 }
+               }
 
-         do {
-           keepGoing = false;
-           checkVertices = vertexIds.slice();
+               return arg;
+             } // It's an array; check it is a valid representation of a byte
 
-           for (i = 0; i < checkVertices.length; i++) {
-             var vertexId = checkVertices[i];
-             vertex = vgraph.hasEntity(vertexId);
 
-             if (!vertex) {
-               if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
-                 vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1); // stop checking this one
+             if (Array.isArray(arg)) {
+               if (!checkInts(arg)) {
+                 throw new Error('Array contains invalid value: ' + arg);
                }
 
-               removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
-               continue;
-             }
+               return new Uint8Array(arg);
+             } // Something else, but behaves like an array (maybe a Buffer? Arguments?)
 
-             parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
 
-             if (parents.length < 3) {
-               if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
-                 vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1); // stop checking this one
-               }
+             if (checkInt(arg.length) && checkInts(arg)) {
+               return new Uint8Array(arg);
              }
 
-             if (parents.length === 2) {
-               // vertex with 2 parents is trivial
-               var a = parents[0];
-               var b = parents[1];
-               var aIsLeaf = a && !a.__via;
-               var bIsLeaf = b && !b.__via;
-               var leaf, survivor;
-
-               if (aIsLeaf && !bIsLeaf) {
-                 leaf = a;
-                 survivor = b;
-               } else if (!aIsLeaf && bIsLeaf) {
-                 leaf = b;
-                 survivor = a;
-               }
-
-               if (leaf && survivor) {
-                 survivor = withMetadata(survivor, vertexIds); // update survivor way
+             throw new Error('unsupported array-like object');
+           }
 
-                 vgraph = vgraph.replace(survivor).remove(leaf); // update graph
+           function createArray(length) {
+             return new Uint8Array(length);
+           }
 
-                 removeWayIds.push(leaf.id);
-                 keepGoing = true;
+           function copyArray(sourceArray, targetArray, targetStart, sourceStart, sourceEnd) {
+             if (sourceStart != null || sourceEnd != null) {
+               if (sourceArray.slice) {
+                 sourceArray = sourceArray.slice(sourceStart, sourceEnd);
+               } else {
+                 sourceArray = Array.prototype.slice.call(sourceArray, sourceStart, sourceEnd);
                }
              }
 
-             parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
+             targetArray.set(sourceArray, targetStart);
+           }
 
-             if (parents.length < 2) {
-               // vertex is no longer a key vertex
-               if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
-                 vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1); // stop checking this one
+           var convertUtf8 = function () {
+             function toBytes(text) {
+               var result = [],
+                   i = 0;
+               text = encodeURI(text);
+
+               while (i < text.length) {
+                 var c = text.charCodeAt(i++); // if it is a % sign, encode the following 2 bytes as a hex value
+
+                 if (c === 37) {
+                   result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
+                   i += 2; // otherwise, just the actual byte
+                 } else {
+                   result.push(c);
+                 }
                }
 
-               removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
-               keepGoing = true;
+               return coerceArray(result);
              }
 
-             if (parents.length < 1) {
-               // vertex is no longer attached to anything
-               vgraph = vgraph.remove(vertex);
-             }
-           }
-         } while (keepGoing);
+             function fromBytes(bytes) {
+               var result = [],
+                   i = 0;
 
-         vertices = vertices.filter(function (vertex) {
-           return removeVertexIds.indexOf(vertex.id) === -1;
-         }).map(function (vertex) {
-           return vgraph.entity(vertex.id);
-         });
-         ways = ways.filter(function (way) {
-           return removeWayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1;
-         }).map(function (way) {
-           return vgraph.entity(way.id);
-         }); // OK!  Here is our intersection..
+               while (i < bytes.length) {
+                 var c = bytes[i];
 
-         var intersection = {
-           graph: vgraph,
-           actions: actions,
-           vertices: vertices,
-           ways: ways
-         }; // Get all the valid turns through this intersection given a starting way id.
-         // This operates on the virtual graph for everything.
-         //
-         // Basically, walk through all possible paths from starting way,
-         //   honoring the existing turn restrictions as we go (watch out for loops!)
-         //
-         // For each path found, generate and return a `osmTurn` datastructure.
-         //
+                 if (c < 128) {
+                   result.push(String.fromCharCode(c));
+                   i++;
+                 } else if (c > 191 && c < 224) {
+                   result.push(String.fromCharCode((c & 0x1f) << 6 | bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f));
+                   i += 2;
+                 } else {
+                   result.push(String.fromCharCode((c & 0x0f) << 12 | (bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f) << 6 | bytes[i + 2] & 0x3f));
+                   i += 3;
+                 }
+               }
 
-         intersection.turns = function (fromWayId, maxViaWay) {
-           if (!fromWayId) return [];
-           if (!maxViaWay) maxViaWay = 0;
-           var vgraph = intersection.graph;
-           var keyVertexIds = intersection.vertices.map(function (v) {
-             return v.id;
-           });
-           var start = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
-           if (!start || !(start.__from || start.__via)) return []; // maxViaWay=0   from-*-to              (0 vias)
-           // maxViaWay=1   from-*-via-*-to        (1 via max)
-           // maxViaWay=2   from-*-via-*-via-*-to  (2 vias max)
+               return result.join('');
+             }
 
-           var maxPathLength = maxViaWay * 2 + 3;
-           var turns = [];
-           step(start);
-           return turns; // traverse the intersection graph and find all the valid paths
+             return {
+               toBytes: toBytes,
+               fromBytes: fromBytes
+             };
+           }();
 
-           function step(entity, currPath, currRestrictions, matchedRestriction) {
-             currPath = (currPath || []).slice(); // shallow copy
+           var convertHex = function () {
+             function toBytes(text) {
+               var result = [];
 
-             if (currPath.length >= maxPathLength) return;
-             currPath.push(entity.id);
-             currRestrictions = (currRestrictions || []).slice(); // shallow copy
+               for (var i = 0; i < text.length; i += 2) {
+                 result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
+               }
 
-             var i, j;
+               return result;
+             } // http://ixti.net/development/javascript/2011/11/11/base64-encodedecode-of-utf8-in-browser-with-js.html
 
-             if (entity.type === 'node') {
-               var parents = vgraph.parentWays(entity);
-               var nextWays = []; // which ways can we step into?
 
-               for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-                 var way = parents[i]; // if next way is a oneway incoming to this vertex, skip
+             var Hex = '0123456789abcdef';
 
-                 if (way.__oneWay && way.nodes[0] !== entity.id) continue; // if we have seen it before (allowing for an initial u-turn), skip
+             function fromBytes(bytes) {
+               var result = [];
 
-                 if (currPath.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 && currPath.length >= 3) continue; // Check all "current" restrictions (where we've already walked the `FROM`)
+               for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+                 var v = bytes[i];
+                 result.push(Hex[(v & 0xf0) >> 4] + Hex[v & 0x0f]);
+               }
 
-                 var restrict = null;
+               return result.join('');
+             }
 
-                 for (j = 0; j < currRestrictions.length; j++) {
-                   var restriction = currRestrictions[j];
-                   var f = restriction.memberByRole('from');
-                   var v = restriction.membersByRole('via');
-                   var t = restriction.memberByRole('to');
-                   var isOnly = /^only_/.test(restriction.tags.restriction); // Does the current path match this turn restriction?
+             return {
+               toBytes: toBytes,
+               fromBytes: fromBytes
+             };
+           }(); // Number of rounds by keysize
 
-                   var matchesFrom = f.id === fromWayId;
-                   var matchesViaTo = false;
-                   var isAlongOnlyPath = false;
 
-                   if (t.id === way.id) {
-                     // match TO
-                     if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {
-                       // match VIA node
-                       matchesViaTo = v[0].id === entity.id && (matchesFrom && currPath.length === 2 || !matchesFrom && currPath.length > 2);
-                     } else {
-                       // match all VIA ways
-                       var pathVias = [];
+           var numberOfRounds = {
+             16: 10,
+             24: 12,
+             32: 14
+           }; // Round constant words
 
-                       for (k = 2; k < currPath.length; k += 2) {
-                         // k = 2 skips FROM
-                         pathVias.push(currPath[k]); // (path goes way-node-way...)
-                       }
+           var rcon = [0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91]; // S-box and Inverse S-box (S is for Substitution)
 
-                       var restrictionVias = [];
+           var S = [0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76, 0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0, 0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15, 0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75, 0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf, 0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8, 0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2, 0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73, 0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb, 0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79, 0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08, 0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a, 0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e, 0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf, 0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16];
+           var Si = [0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb, 0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f, 0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb, 0x54, 0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b, 0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e, 0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24, 0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25, 0x72, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xb6, 0x92, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda, 0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84, 0x90, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x45, 0x06, 0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b, 0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6, 0x73, 0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9, 0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e, 0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d, 0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b, 0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4, 0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f, 0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef, 0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5, 0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61, 0x17, 0x2b, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d]; // Transformations for encryption
 
-                       for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
-                         if (v[k].type === 'way') {
-                           restrictionVias.push(v[k].id);
-                         }
-                       }
+           var T1 = [0xc66363a5, 0xf87c7c84, 0xee777799, 0xf67b7b8d, 0xfff2f20d, 0xd66b6bbd, 0xde6f6fb1, 0x91c5c554, 0x60303050, 0x02010103, 0xce6767a9, 0x562b2b7d, 0xe7fefe19, 0xb5d7d762, 0x4dababe6, 0xec76769a, 0x8fcaca45, 0x1f82829d, 0x89c9c940, 0xfa7d7d87, 0xeffafa15, 0xb25959eb, 0x8e4747c9, 0xfbf0f00b, 0x41adadec, 0xb3d4d467, 0x5fa2a2fd, 0x45afafea, 0x239c9cbf, 0x53a4a4f7, 0xe4727296, 0x9bc0c05b, 0x75b7b7c2, 0xe1fdfd1c, 0x3d9393ae, 0x4c26266a, 0x6c36365a, 0x7e3f3f41, 0xf5f7f702, 0x83cccc4f, 0x6834345c, 0x51a5a5f4, 0xd1e5e534, 0xf9f1f108, 0xe2717193, 0xabd8d873, 0x62313153, 0x2a15153f, 0x0804040c, 0x95c7c752, 0x46232365, 0x9dc3c35e, 0x30181828, 0x379696a1, 0x0a05050f, 0x2f9a9ab5, 0x0e070709, 0x24121236, 0x1b80809b, 0xdfe2e23d, 0xcdebeb26, 0x4e272769, 0x7fb2b2cd, 0xea75759f, 0x1209091b, 0x1d83839e, 0x582c2c74, 0x341a1a2e, 0x361b1b2d, 0xdc6e6eb2, 0xb45a5aee, 0x5ba0a0fb, 0xa45252f6, 0x763b3b4d, 0xb7d6d661, 0x7db3b3ce, 0x5229297b, 0xdde3e33e, 0x5e2f2f71, 0x13848497, 0xa65353f5, 0xb9d1d168, 0x00000000, 0xc1eded2c, 0x40202060, 0xe3fcfc1f, 0x79b1b1c8, 0xb65b5bed, 0xd46a6abe, 0x8dcbcb46, 0x67bebed9, 0x7239394b, 0x944a4ade, 0x984c4cd4, 0xb05858e8, 0x85cfcf4a, 0xbbd0d06b, 0xc5efef2a, 0x4faaaae5, 0xedfbfb16, 0x864343c5, 0x9a4d4dd7, 0x66333355, 0x11858594, 0x8a4545cf, 0xe9f9f910, 0x04020206, 0xfe7f7f81, 0xa05050f0, 0x783c3c44, 0x259f9fba, 0x4ba8a8e3, 0xa25151f3, 0x5da3a3fe, 0x804040c0, 0x058f8f8a, 0x3f9292ad, 0x219d9dbc, 0x70383848, 0xf1f5f504, 0x63bcbcdf, 0x77b6b6c1, 0xafdada75, 0x42212163, 0x20101030, 0xe5ffff1a, 0xfdf3f30e, 0xbfd2d26d, 0x81cdcd4c, 0x180c0c14, 0x26131335, 0xc3ecec2f, 0xbe5f5fe1, 0x359797a2, 0x884444cc, 0x2e171739, 0x93c4c457, 0x55a7a7f2, 0xfc7e7e82, 0x7a3d3d47, 0xc86464ac, 0xba5d5de7, 0x3219192b, 0xe6737395, 0xc06060a0, 0x19818198, 0x9e4f4fd1, 0xa3dcdc7f, 0x44222266, 0x542a2a7e, 0x3b9090ab, 0x0b888883, 0x8c4646ca, 0xc7eeee29, 0x6bb8b8d3, 0x2814143c, 0xa7dede79, 0xbc5e5ee2, 0x160b0b1d, 0xaddbdb76, 0xdbe0e03b, 0x64323256, 0x743a3a4e, 0x140a0a1e, 0x924949db, 0x0c06060a, 0x4824246c, 0xb85c5ce4, 0x9fc2c25d, 0xbdd3d36e, 0x43acacef, 0xc46262a6, 0x399191a8, 0x319595a4, 0xd3e4e437, 0xf279798b, 0xd5e7e732, 0x8bc8c843, 0x6e373759, 0xda6d6db7, 0x018d8d8c, 0xb1d5d564, 0x9c4e4ed2, 0x49a9a9e0, 0xd86c6cb4, 0xac5656fa, 0xf3f4f407, 0xcfeaea25, 0xca6565af, 0xf47a7a8e, 0x47aeaee9, 0x10080818, 0x6fbabad5, 0xf0787888, 0x4a25256f, 0x5c2e2e72, 0x381c1c24, 0x57a6a6f1, 0x73b4b4c7, 0x97c6c651, 0xcbe8e823, 0xa1dddd7c, 0xe874749c, 0x3e1f1f21, 0x964b4bdd, 0x61bdbddc, 0x0d8b8b86, 0x0f8a8a85, 0xe0707090, 0x7c3e3e42, 0x71b5b5c4, 0xcc6666aa, 0x904848d8, 0x06030305, 0xf7f6f601, 0x1c0e0e12, 0xc26161a3, 0x6a35355f, 0xae5757f9, 0x69b9b9d0, 0x17868691, 0x99c1c158, 0x3a1d1d27, 0x279e9eb9, 0xd9e1e138, 0xebf8f813, 0x2b9898b3, 0x22111133, 0xd26969bb, 0xa9d9d970, 0x078e8e89, 0x339494a7, 0x2d9b9bb6, 0x3c1e1e22, 0x15878792, 0xc9e9e920, 0x87cece49, 0xaa5555ff, 0x50282878, 0xa5dfdf7a, 0x038c8c8f, 0x59a1a1f8, 0x09898980, 0x1a0d0d17, 0x65bfbfda, 0xd7e6e631, 0x844242c6, 0xd06868b8, 0x824141c3, 0x299999b0, 0x5a2d2d77, 0x1e0f0f11, 0x7bb0b0cb, 0xa85454fc, 0x6dbbbbd6, 0x2c16163a];
+           var T2 = [0xa5c66363, 0x84f87c7c, 0x99ee7777, 0x8df67b7b, 0x0dfff2f2, 0xbdd66b6b, 0xb1de6f6f, 0x5491c5c5, 0x50603030, 0x03020101, 0xa9ce6767, 0x7d562b2b, 0x19e7fefe, 0x62b5d7d7, 0xe64dabab, 0x9aec7676, 0x458fcaca, 0x9d1f8282, 0x4089c9c9, 0x87fa7d7d, 0x15effafa, 0xebb25959, 0xc98e4747, 0x0bfbf0f0, 0xec41adad, 0x67b3d4d4, 0xfd5fa2a2, 0xea45afaf, 0xbf239c9c, 0xf753a4a4, 0x96e47272, 0x5b9bc0c0, 0xc275b7b7, 0x1ce1fdfd, 0xae3d9393, 0x6a4c2626, 0x5a6c3636, 0x417e3f3f, 0x02f5f7f7, 0x4f83cccc, 0x5c683434, 0xf451a5a5, 0x34d1e5e5, 0x08f9f1f1, 0x93e27171, 0x73abd8d8, 0x53623131, 0x3f2a1515, 0x0c080404, 0x5295c7c7, 0x65462323, 0x5e9dc3c3, 0x28301818, 0xa1379696, 0x0f0a0505, 0xb52f9a9a, 0x090e0707, 0x36241212, 0x9b1b8080, 0x3ddfe2e2, 0x26cdebeb, 0x694e2727, 0xcd7fb2b2, 0x9fea7575, 0x1b120909, 0x9e1d8383, 0x74582c2c, 0x2e341a1a, 0x2d361b1b, 0xb2dc6e6e, 0xeeb45a5a, 0xfb5ba0a0, 0xf6a45252, 0x4d763b3b, 0x61b7d6d6, 0xce7db3b3, 0x7b522929, 0x3edde3e3, 0x715e2f2f, 0x97138484, 0xf5a65353, 0x68b9d1d1, 0x00000000, 0x2cc1eded, 0x60402020, 0x1fe3fcfc, 0xc879b1b1, 0xedb65b5b, 0xbed46a6a, 0x468dcbcb, 0xd967bebe, 0x4b723939, 0xde944a4a, 0xd4984c4c, 0xe8b05858, 0x4a85cfcf, 0x6bbbd0d0, 0x2ac5efef, 0xe54faaaa, 0x16edfbfb, 0xc5864343, 0xd79a4d4d, 0x55663333, 0x94118585, 0xcf8a4545, 0x10e9f9f9, 0x06040202, 0x81fe7f7f, 0xf0a05050, 0x44783c3c, 0xba259f9f, 0xe34ba8a8, 0xf3a25151, 0xfe5da3a3, 0xc0804040, 0x8a058f8f, 0xad3f9292, 0xbc219d9d, 0x48703838, 0x04f1f5f5, 0xdf63bcbc, 0xc177b6b6, 0x75afdada, 0x63422121, 0x30201010, 0x1ae5ffff, 0x0efdf3f3, 0x6dbfd2d2, 0x4c81cdcd, 0x14180c0c, 0x35261313, 0x2fc3ecec, 0xe1be5f5f, 0xa2359797, 0xcc884444, 0x392e1717, 0x5793c4c4, 0xf255a7a7, 0x82fc7e7e, 0x477a3d3d, 0xacc86464, 0xe7ba5d5d, 0x2b321919, 0x95e67373, 0xa0c06060, 0x98198181, 0xd19e4f4f, 0x7fa3dcdc, 0x66442222, 0x7e542a2a, 0xab3b9090, 0x830b8888, 0xca8c4646, 0x29c7eeee, 0xd36bb8b8, 0x3c281414, 0x79a7dede, 0xe2bc5e5e, 0x1d160b0b, 0x76addbdb, 0x3bdbe0e0, 0x56643232, 0x4e743a3a, 0x1e140a0a, 0xdb924949, 0x0a0c0606, 0x6c482424, 0xe4b85c5c, 0x5d9fc2c2, 0x6ebdd3d3, 0xef43acac, 0xa6c46262, 0xa8399191, 0xa4319595, 0x37d3e4e4, 0x8bf27979, 0x32d5e7e7, 0x438bc8c8, 0x596e3737, 0xb7da6d6d, 0x8c018d8d, 0x64b1d5d5, 0xd29c4e4e, 0xe049a9a9, 0xb4d86c6c, 0xfaac5656, 0x07f3f4f4, 0x25cfeaea, 0xafca6565, 0x8ef47a7a, 0xe947aeae, 0x18100808, 0xd56fbaba, 0x88f07878, 0x6f4a2525, 0x725c2e2e, 0x24381c1c, 0xf157a6a6, 0xc773b4b4, 0x5197c6c6, 0x23cbe8e8, 0x7ca1dddd, 0x9ce87474, 0x213e1f1f, 0xdd964b4b, 0xdc61bdbd, 0x860d8b8b, 0x850f8a8a, 0x90e07070, 0x427c3e3e, 0xc471b5b5, 0xaacc6666, 0xd8904848, 0x05060303, 0x01f7f6f6, 0x121c0e0e, 0xa3c26161, 0x5f6a3535, 0xf9ae5757, 0xd069b9b9, 0x91178686, 0x5899c1c1, 0x273a1d1d, 0xb9279e9e, 0x38d9e1e1, 0x13ebf8f8, 0xb32b9898, 0x33221111, 0xbbd26969, 0x70a9d9d9, 0x89078e8e, 0xa7339494, 0xb62d9b9b, 0x223c1e1e, 0x92158787, 0x20c9e9e9, 0x4987cece, 0xffaa5555, 0x78502828, 0x7aa5dfdf, 0x8f038c8c, 0xf859a1a1, 0x80098989, 0x171a0d0d, 0xda65bfbf, 0x31d7e6e6, 0xc6844242, 0xb8d06868, 0xc3824141, 0xb0299999, 0x775a2d2d, 0x111e0f0f, 0xcb7bb0b0, 0xfca85454, 0xd66dbbbb, 0x3a2c1616];
+           var T3 = [0x63a5c663, 0x7c84f87c, 0x7799ee77, 0x7b8df67b, 0xf20dfff2, 0x6bbdd66b, 0x6fb1de6f, 0xc55491c5, 0x30506030, 0x01030201, 0x67a9ce67, 0x2b7d562b, 0xfe19e7fe, 0xd762b5d7, 0xabe64dab, 0x769aec76, 0xca458fca, 0x829d1f82, 0xc94089c9, 0x7d87fa7d, 0xfa15effa, 0x59ebb259, 0x47c98e47, 0xf00bfbf0, 0xadec41ad, 0xd467b3d4, 0xa2fd5fa2, 0xafea45af, 0x9cbf239c, 0xa4f753a4, 0x7296e472, 0xc05b9bc0, 0xb7c275b7, 0xfd1ce1fd, 0x93ae3d93, 0x266a4c26, 0x365a6c36, 0x3f417e3f, 0xf702f5f7, 0xcc4f83cc, 0x345c6834, 0xa5f451a5, 0xe534d1e5, 0xf108f9f1, 0x7193e271, 0xd873abd8, 0x31536231, 0x153f2a15, 0x040c0804, 0xc75295c7, 0x23654623, 0xc35e9dc3, 0x18283018, 0x96a13796, 0x050f0a05, 0x9ab52f9a, 0x07090e07, 0x12362412, 0x809b1b80, 0xe23ddfe2, 0xeb26cdeb, 0x27694e27, 0xb2cd7fb2, 0x759fea75, 0x091b1209, 0x839e1d83, 0x2c74582c, 0x1a2e341a, 0x1b2d361b, 0x6eb2dc6e, 0x5aeeb45a, 0xa0fb5ba0, 0x52f6a452, 0x3b4d763b, 0xd661b7d6, 0xb3ce7db3, 0x297b5229, 0xe33edde3, 0x2f715e2f, 0x84971384, 0x53f5a653, 0xd168b9d1, 0x00000000, 0xed2cc1ed, 0x20604020, 0xfc1fe3fc, 0xb1c879b1, 0x5bedb65b, 0x6abed46a, 0xcb468dcb, 0xbed967be, 0x394b7239, 0x4ade944a, 0x4cd4984c, 0x58e8b058, 0xcf4a85cf, 0xd06bbbd0, 0xef2ac5ef, 0xaae54faa, 0xfb16edfb, 0x43c58643, 0x4dd79a4d, 0x33556633, 0x85941185, 0x45cf8a45, 0xf910e9f9, 0x02060402, 0x7f81fe7f, 0x50f0a050, 0x3c44783c, 0x9fba259f, 0xa8e34ba8, 0x51f3a251, 0xa3fe5da3, 0x40c08040, 0x8f8a058f, 0x92ad3f92, 0x9dbc219d, 0x38487038, 0xf504f1f5, 0xbcdf63bc, 0xb6c177b6, 0xda75afda, 0x21634221, 0x10302010, 0xff1ae5ff, 0xf30efdf3, 0xd26dbfd2, 0xcd4c81cd, 0x0c14180c, 0x13352613, 0xec2fc3ec, 0x5fe1be5f, 0x97a23597, 0x44cc8844, 0x17392e17, 0xc45793c4, 0xa7f255a7, 0x7e82fc7e, 0x3d477a3d, 0x64acc864, 0x5de7ba5d, 0x192b3219, 0x7395e673, 0x60a0c060, 0x81981981, 0x4fd19e4f, 0xdc7fa3dc, 0x22664422, 0x2a7e542a, 0x90ab3b90, 0x88830b88, 0x46ca8c46, 0xee29c7ee, 0xb8d36bb8, 0x143c2814, 0xde79a7de, 0x5ee2bc5e, 0x0b1d160b, 0xdb76addb, 0xe03bdbe0, 0x32566432, 0x3a4e743a, 0x0a1e140a, 0x49db9249, 0x060a0c06, 0x246c4824, 0x5ce4b85c, 0xc25d9fc2, 0xd36ebdd3, 0xacef43ac, 0x62a6c462, 0x91a83991, 0x95a43195, 0xe437d3e4, 0x798bf279, 0xe732d5e7, 0xc8438bc8, 0x37596e37, 0x6db7da6d, 0x8d8c018d, 0xd564b1d5, 0x4ed29c4e, 0xa9e049a9, 0x6cb4d86c, 0x56faac56, 0xf407f3f4, 0xea25cfea, 0x65afca65, 0x7a8ef47a, 0xaee947ae, 0x08181008, 0xbad56fba, 0x7888f078, 0x256f4a25, 0x2e725c2e, 0x1c24381c, 0xa6f157a6, 0xb4c773b4, 0xc65197c6, 0xe823cbe8, 0xdd7ca1dd, 0x749ce874, 0x1f213e1f, 0x4bdd964b, 0xbddc61bd, 0x8b860d8b, 0x8a850f8a, 0x7090e070, 0x3e427c3e, 0xb5c471b5, 0x66aacc66, 0x48d89048, 0x03050603, 0xf601f7f6, 0x0e121c0e, 0x61a3c261, 0x355f6a35, 0x57f9ae57, 0xb9d069b9, 0x86911786, 0xc15899c1, 0x1d273a1d, 0x9eb9279e, 0xe138d9e1, 0xf813ebf8, 0x98b32b98, 0x11332211, 0x69bbd269, 0xd970a9d9, 0x8e89078e, 0x94a73394, 0x9bb62d9b, 0x1e223c1e, 0x87921587, 0xe920c9e9, 0xce4987ce, 0x55ffaa55, 0x28785028, 0xdf7aa5df, 0x8c8f038c, 0xa1f859a1, 0x89800989, 0x0d171a0d, 0xbfda65bf, 0xe631d7e6, 0x42c68442, 0x68b8d068, 0x41c38241, 0x99b02999, 0x2d775a2d, 0x0f111e0f, 0xb0cb7bb0, 0x54fca854, 0xbbd66dbb, 0x163a2c16];
+           var T4 = [0x6363a5c6, 0x7c7c84f8, 0x777799ee, 0x7b7b8df6, 0xf2f20dff, 0x6b6bbdd6, 0x6f6fb1de, 0xc5c55491, 0x30305060, 0x01010302, 0x6767a9ce, 0x2b2b7d56, 0xfefe19e7, 0xd7d762b5, 0xababe64d, 0x76769aec, 0xcaca458f, 0x82829d1f, 0xc9c94089, 0x7d7d87fa, 0xfafa15ef, 0x5959ebb2, 0x4747c98e, 0xf0f00bfb, 0xadadec41, 0xd4d467b3, 0xa2a2fd5f, 0xafafea45, 0x9c9cbf23, 0xa4a4f753, 0x727296e4, 0xc0c05b9b, 0xb7b7c275, 0xfdfd1ce1, 0x9393ae3d, 0x26266a4c, 0x36365a6c, 0x3f3f417e, 0xf7f702f5, 0xcccc4f83, 0x34345c68, 0xa5a5f451, 0xe5e534d1, 0xf1f108f9, 0x717193e2, 0xd8d873ab, 0x31315362, 0x15153f2a, 0x04040c08, 0xc7c75295, 0x23236546, 0xc3c35e9d, 0x18182830, 0x9696a137, 0x05050f0a, 0x9a9ab52f, 0x0707090e, 0x12123624, 0x80809b1b, 0xe2e23ddf, 0xebeb26cd, 0x2727694e, 0xb2b2cd7f, 0x75759fea, 0x09091b12, 0x83839e1d, 0x2c2c7458, 0x1a1a2e34, 0x1b1b2d36, 0x6e6eb2dc, 0x5a5aeeb4, 0xa0a0fb5b, 0x5252f6a4, 0x3b3b4d76, 0xd6d661b7, 0xb3b3ce7d, 0x29297b52, 0xe3e33edd, 0x2f2f715e, 0x84849713, 0x5353f5a6, 0xd1d168b9, 0x00000000, 0xeded2cc1, 0x20206040, 0xfcfc1fe3, 0xb1b1c879, 0x5b5bedb6, 0x6a6abed4, 0xcbcb468d, 0xbebed967, 0x39394b72, 0x4a4ade94, 0x4c4cd498, 0x5858e8b0, 0xcfcf4a85, 0xd0d06bbb, 0xefef2ac5, 0xaaaae54f, 0xfbfb16ed, 0x4343c586, 0x4d4dd79a, 0x33335566, 0x85859411, 0x4545cf8a, 0xf9f910e9, 0x02020604, 0x7f7f81fe, 0x5050f0a0, 0x3c3c4478, 0x9f9fba25, 0xa8a8e34b, 0x5151f3a2, 0xa3a3fe5d, 0x4040c080, 0x8f8f8a05, 0x9292ad3f, 0x9d9dbc21, 0x38384870, 0xf5f504f1, 0xbcbcdf63, 0xb6b6c177, 0xdada75af, 0x21216342, 0x10103020, 0xffff1ae5, 0xf3f30efd, 0xd2d26dbf, 0xcdcd4c81, 0x0c0c1418, 0x13133526, 0xecec2fc3, 0x5f5fe1be, 0x9797a235, 0x4444cc88, 0x1717392e, 0xc4c45793, 0xa7a7f255, 0x7e7e82fc, 0x3d3d477a, 0x6464acc8, 0x5d5de7ba, 0x19192b32, 0x737395e6, 0x6060a0c0, 0x81819819, 0x4f4fd19e, 0xdcdc7fa3, 0x22226644, 0x2a2a7e54, 0x9090ab3b, 0x8888830b, 0x4646ca8c, 0xeeee29c7, 0xb8b8d36b, 0x14143c28, 0xdede79a7, 0x5e5ee2bc, 0x0b0b1d16, 0xdbdb76ad, 0xe0e03bdb, 0x32325664, 0x3a3a4e74, 0x0a0a1e14, 0x4949db92, 0x06060a0c, 0x24246c48, 0x5c5ce4b8, 0xc2c25d9f, 0xd3d36ebd, 0xacacef43, 0x6262a6c4, 0x9191a839, 0x9595a431, 0xe4e437d3, 0x79798bf2, 0xe7e732d5, 0xc8c8438b, 0x3737596e, 0x6d6db7da, 0x8d8d8c01, 0xd5d564b1, 0x4e4ed29c, 0xa9a9e049, 0x6c6cb4d8, 0x5656faac, 0xf4f407f3, 0xeaea25cf, 0x6565afca, 0x7a7a8ef4, 0xaeaee947, 0x08081810, 0xbabad56f, 0x787888f0, 0x25256f4a, 0x2e2e725c, 0x1c1c2438, 0xa6a6f157, 0xb4b4c773, 0xc6c65197, 0xe8e823cb, 0xdddd7ca1, 0x74749ce8, 0x1f1f213e, 0x4b4bdd96, 0xbdbddc61, 0x8b8b860d, 0x8a8a850f, 0x707090e0, 0x3e3e427c, 0xb5b5c471, 0x6666aacc, 0x4848d890, 0x03030506, 0xf6f601f7, 0x0e0e121c, 0x6161a3c2, 0x35355f6a, 0x5757f9ae, 0xb9b9d069, 0x86869117, 0xc1c15899, 0x1d1d273a, 0x9e9eb927, 0xe1e138d9, 0xf8f813eb, 0x9898b32b, 0x11113322, 0x6969bbd2, 0xd9d970a9, 0x8e8e8907, 0x9494a733, 0x9b9bb62d, 0x1e1e223c, 0x87879215, 0xe9e920c9, 0xcece4987, 0x5555ffaa, 0x28287850, 0xdfdf7aa5, 0x8c8c8f03, 0xa1a1f859, 0x89898009, 0x0d0d171a, 0xbfbfda65, 0xe6e631d7, 0x4242c684, 0x6868b8d0, 0x4141c382, 0x9999b029, 0x2d2d775a, 0x0f0f111e, 0xb0b0cb7b, 0x5454fca8, 0xbbbbd66d, 0x16163a2c]; // Transformations for decryption
 
-                       var diff = utilArrayDifference(pathVias, restrictionVias);
-                       matchesViaTo = !diff.length;
-                     }
-                   } else if (isOnly) {
-                     for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
-                       // way doesn't match TO, but is one of the via ways along the path of an "only"
-                       if (v[k].type === 'way' && v[k].id === way.id) {
-                         isAlongOnlyPath = true;
-                         break;
-                       }
-                     }
-                   }
+           var T5 = [0x51f4a750, 0x7e416553, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x3a275e96, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x1f9d45f1, 0xacfa58ab, 0x4be30393, 0x2030fa55, 0xad766df6, 0x88cc7691, 0xf5024c25, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0xc52acbd7, 0x26354480, 0xb562a38f, 0xdeb15a49, 0x25ba1b67, 0x45ea0e98, 0x5dfec0e1, 0xc32f7502, 0x814cf012, 0x8d4697a3, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x15929c95, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0xd4be832d, 0x587421d3, 0x49e06929, 0x8ec9c844, 0x75c2896a, 0xf48e7978, 0x99583e6b, 0x27b971dd, 0xbee14fb6, 0xf088ad17, 0xc920ac66, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x63df4a18, 0xe51a3182, 0x97513360, 0x62537f45, 0xb16477e0, 0xbb6bae84, 0xfe81a01c, 0xf9082b94, 0x70486858, 0x8f45fd19, 0x94de6c87, 0x527bf8b7, 0xab73d323, 0x724b02e2, 0xe31f8f57, 0x6655ab2a, 0xb2eb2807, 0x2fb5c203, 0x86c57b9a, 0xd33708a5, 0x302887f2, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x02036aba, 0xed16825c, 0x8acf1c2b, 0xa779b492, 0xf307f2f0, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x65daf4cd, 0x0605bed5, 0xd134621f, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0x342e539d, 0xa2f355a0, 0x058ae132, 0xa4f6eb75, 0x0b83ec39, 0x4060efaa, 0x5e719f06, 0xbd6e1051, 0x3e218af9, 0x96dd063d, 0xdd3e05ae, 0x4de6bd46, 0x91548db5, 0x71c45d05, 0x0406d46f, 0x605015ff, 0x1998fb24, 0xd6bde997, 0x894043cc, 0x67d99e77, 0xb0e842bd, 0x07898b88, 0xe7195b38, 0x79c8eedb, 0xa17c0a47, 0x7c420fe9, 0xf8841ec9, 0x00000000, 0x09808683, 0x322bed48, 0x1e1170ac, 0x6c5a724e, 0xfd0efffb, 0x0f853856, 0x3daed51e, 0x362d3927, 0x0a0fd964, 0x685ca621, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x24362e3a, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x9357e70f, 0xb4ee96d2, 0x1b9b919e, 0x80c0c54f, 0x61dc20a2, 0x5a774b69, 0x1c121a16, 0xe293ba0a, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x3c22e043, 0x121b171d, 0x0e090d0b, 0xf28bc7ad, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x141ea9c8, 0x57f11985, 0xaf75074c, 0xee99ddbb, 0xa37f60fd, 0xf701269f, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x44663bc5, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x8b432976, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xb6edfc68, 0xb8e4f163, 0xd731dcca, 0x42638510, 0x13972240, 0x84c61120, 0x854a247d, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xaef93211, 0xc729a16d, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0xdcb230f3, 0x0d8652ec, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x2bb3166c, 0xa970b999, 0x119448fa, 0x47e96422, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa0f03f1a, 0x567d2cd8, 0x223390ef, 0x87494ec7, 0xd938d1c1, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x98d40b36, 0xa6f581cf, 0xa57ade28, 0xdab78e26, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x5078920d, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x547e4662, 0xf68d13c2, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x2e39f75e, 0x82c3aff5, 0x9f5d80be, 0x69d0937c, 0x6fd52da9, 0xcf2512b3, 0xc8ac993b, 0x10187da7, 0xe89c636e, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xcd267809, 0x6e5918f4, 0xec9ab701, 0x834f9aa8, 0xe6956e65, 0xaaffe67e, 0x21bccf08, 0xef15e8e6, 0xbae79bd9, 0x4a6f36ce, 0xea9f09d4, 0x29b07cd6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x2a3f2331, 0xc6a59430, 0x35a266c0, 0x744ebc37, 0xfc82caa6, 0xe090d0b0, 0x33a7d815, 0xf104984a, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x7fcd500e, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x43efb04d, 0xccaa4d54, 0xe49604df, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x4c6a881b, 0xc12c1fb8, 0x4665517f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x018c355d, 0xfa877473, 0xfb0b412e, 0xb3671d5a, 0x92dbd252, 0xe9105633, 0x6dd64713, 0x9ad7618c, 0x37a10c7a, 0x59f8148e, 0xeb133c89, 0xcea927ee, 0xb761c935, 0xe11ce5ed, 0x7a47b13c, 0x9cd2df59, 0x55f2733f, 0x1814ce79, 0x73c737bf, 0x53f7cdea, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0xdf3d6f14, 0x7844db86, 0xcaaff381, 0xb968c43e, 0x3824342c, 0xc2a3405f, 0x161dc372, 0xbce2250c, 0x283c498b, 0xff0d9541, 0x39a80171, 0x080cb3de, 0xd8b4e49c, 0x6456c190, 0x7bcb8461, 0xd532b670, 0x486c5c74, 0xd0b85742];
+           var T6 = [0x5051f4a7, 0x537e4165, 0xc31a17a4, 0x963a275e, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xf11f9d45, 0xabacfa58, 0x934be303, 0x552030fa, 0xf6ad766d, 0x9188cc76, 0x25f5024c, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xd7c52acb, 0x80263544, 0x8fb562a3, 0x49deb15a, 0x6725ba1b, 0x9845ea0e, 0xe15dfec0, 0x02c32f75, 0x12814cf0, 0xa38d4697, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xe7038f5f, 0x9515929c, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0x2dd4be83, 0xd3587421, 0x2949e069, 0x448ec9c8, 0x6a75c289, 0x78f48e79, 0x6b99583e, 0xdd27b971, 0xb6bee14f, 0x17f088ad, 0x66c920ac, 0xb47dce3a, 0x1863df4a, 0x82e51a31, 0x60975133, 0x4562537f, 0xe0b16477, 0x84bb6bae, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x94f9082b, 0x58704868, 0x198f45fd, 0x8794de6c, 0xb7527bf8, 0x23ab73d3, 0xe2724b02, 0x57e31f8f, 0x2a6655ab, 0x07b2eb28, 0x032fb5c2, 0x9a86c57b, 0xa5d33708, 0xf2302887, 0xb223bfa5, 0xba02036a, 0x5ced1682, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x92a779b4, 0xf0f307f2, 0xa14e69e2, 0xcd65daf4, 0xd50605be, 0x1fd13462, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x9d342e53, 0xa0a2f355, 0x32058ae1, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x390b83ec, 0xaa4060ef, 0x065e719f, 0x51bd6e10, 0xf93e218a, 0x3d96dd06, 0xaedd3e05, 0x464de6bd, 0xb591548d, 0x0571c45d, 0x6f0406d4, 0xff605015, 0x241998fb, 0x97d6bde9, 0xcc894043, 0x7767d99e, 0xbdb0e842, 0x8807898b, 0x38e7195b, 0xdb79c8ee, 0x47a17c0a, 0xe97c420f, 0xc9f8841e, 0x00000000, 0x83098086, 0x48322bed, 0xac1e1170, 0x4e6c5a72, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x560f8538, 0x1e3daed5, 0x27362d39, 0x640a0fd9, 0x21685ca6, 0xd19b5b54, 0x3a24362e, 0xb10c0a67, 0x0f9357e7, 0xd2b4ee96, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x4f80c0c5, 0xa261dc20, 0x695a774b, 0x161c121a, 0x0ae293ba, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x433c22e0, 0x1d121b17, 0x0b0e090d, 0xadf28bc7, 0xb92db6a8, 0xc8141ea9, 0x8557f119, 0x4caf7507, 0xbbee99dd, 0xfda37f60, 0x9ff70126, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xc544663b, 0x345bfb7e, 0x768b4329, 0xdccb23c6, 0x68b6edfc, 0x63b8e4f1, 0xcad731dc, 0x10426385, 0x40139722, 0x2084c611, 0x7d854a24, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0x11aef932, 0x6dc729a1, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0xf3dcb230, 0xec0d8652, 0xd077c1e3, 0x6c2bb316, 0x99a970b9, 0xfa119448, 0x2247e964, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0x1aa0f03f, 0xd8567d2c, 0xef223390, 0xc787494e, 0xc1d938d1, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0x3698d40b, 0xcfa6f581, 0x28a57ade, 0x26dab78e, 0xa43fadbf, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x0d507892, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x62547e46, 0xc2f68d13, 0xe890d8b8, 0x5e2e39f7, 0xf582c3af, 0xbe9f5d80, 0x7c69d093, 0xa96fd52d, 0xb3cf2512, 0x3bc8ac99, 0xa710187d, 0x6ee89c63, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x09cd2678, 0xf46e5918, 0x01ec9ab7, 0xa8834f9a, 0x65e6956e, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x0821bccf, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xd9bae79b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xd629b07c, 0xaf31a4b2, 0x312a3f23, 0x30c6a594, 0xc035a266, 0x37744ebc, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xb0e090d0, 0x1533a7d8, 0x4af10498, 0xf741ecda, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x4d43efb0, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xdfe49604, 0xe39ed1b5, 0x1b4c6a88, 0xb8c12c1f, 0x7f466551, 0x049d5eea, 0x5d018c35, 0x73fa8774, 0x2efb0b41, 0x5ab3671d, 0x5292dbd2, 0x33e91056, 0x136dd647, 0x8c9ad761, 0x7a37a10c, 0x8e59f814, 0x89eb133c, 0xeecea927, 0x35b761c9, 0xede11ce5, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x599cd2df, 0x3f55f273, 0x791814ce, 0xbf73c737, 0xea53f7cd, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x14df3d6f, 0x867844db, 0x81caaff3, 0x3eb968c4, 0x2c382434, 0x5fc2a340, 0x72161dc3, 0x0cbce225, 0x8b283c49, 0x41ff0d95, 0x7139a801, 0xde080cb3, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x906456c1, 0x617bcb84, 0x70d532b6, 0x74486c5c, 0x42d0b857];
+           var T7 = [0xa75051f4, 0x65537e41, 0xa4c31a17, 0x5e963a27, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x45f11f9d, 0x58abacfa, 0x03934be3, 0xfa552030, 0x6df6ad76, 0x769188cc, 0x4c25f502, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xcbd7c52a, 0x44802635, 0xa38fb562, 0x5a49deb1, 0x1b6725ba, 0x0e9845ea, 0xc0e15dfe, 0x7502c32f, 0xf012814c, 0x97a38d46, 0xf9c66bd3, 0x5fe7038f, 0x9c951592, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x832dd4be, 0x21d35874, 0x692949e0, 0xc8448ec9, 0x896a75c2, 0x7978f48e, 0x3e6b9958, 0x71dd27b9, 0x4fb6bee1, 0xad17f088, 0xac66c920, 0x3ab47dce, 0x4a1863df, 0x3182e51a, 0x33609751, 0x7f456253, 0x77e0b164, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa01cfe81, 0x2b94f908, 0x68587048, 0xfd198f45, 0x6c8794de, 0xf8b7527b, 0xd323ab73, 0x02e2724b, 0x8f57e31f, 0xab2a6655, 0x2807b2eb, 0xc2032fb5, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x08a5d337, 0x87f23028, 0xa5b223bf, 0x6aba0203, 0x825ced16, 0x1c2b8acf, 0xb492a779, 0xf2f0f307, 0xe2a14e69, 0xf4cd65da, 0xbed50605, 0x621fd134, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0x539d342e, 0x55a0a2f3, 0xe132058a, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xec390b83, 0xefaa4060, 0x9f065e71, 0x1051bd6e, 0x8af93e21, 0x063d96dd, 0x05aedd3e, 0xbd464de6, 0x8db59154, 0x5d0571c4, 0xd46f0406, 0x15ff6050, 0xfb241998, 0xe997d6bd, 0x43cc8940, 0x9e7767d9, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x8b880789, 0x5b38e719, 0xeedb79c8, 0x0a47a17c, 0x0fe97c42, 0x1ec9f884, 0x00000000, 0x86830980, 0xed48322b, 0x70ac1e11, 0x724e6c5a, 0xfffbfd0e, 0x38560f85, 0xd51e3dae, 0x3927362d, 0xd9640a0f, 0xa621685c, 0x54d19b5b, 0x2e3a2436, 0x67b10c0a, 0xe70f9357, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x919e1b9b, 0xc54f80c0, 0x20a261dc, 0x4b695a77, 0x1a161c12, 0xba0ae293, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xe0433c22, 0x171d121b, 0x0d0b0e09, 0xc7adf28b, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa9c8141e, 0x198557f1, 0x074caf75, 0xddbbee99, 0x60fda37f, 0x269ff701, 0xf5bc5c72, 0x3bc54466, 0x7e345bfb, 0x29768b43, 0xc6dccb23, 0xfc68b6ed, 0xf163b8e4, 0xdccad731, 0x85104263, 0x22401397, 0x112084c6, 0x247d854a, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x3211aef9, 0xa16dc729, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x52ec0d86, 0xe3d077c1, 0x166c2bb3, 0xb999a970, 0x48fa1194, 0x642247e9, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2cd8567d, 0x90ef2233, 0x4ec78749, 0xd1c1d938, 0xa2fe8cca, 0x0b3698d4, 0x81cfa6f5, 0xde28a57a, 0x8e26dab7, 0xbfa43fad, 0x9de42c3a, 0x920d5078, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0x4662547e, 0x13c2f68d, 0xb8e890d8, 0xf75e2e39, 0xaff582c3, 0x80be9f5d, 0x937c69d0, 0x2da96fd5, 0x12b3cf25, 0x993bc8ac, 0x7da71018, 0x636ee89c, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0x7809cd26, 0x18f46e59, 0xb701ec9a, 0x9aa8834f, 0x6e65e695, 0xe67eaaff, 0xcf0821bc, 0xe8e6ef15, 0x9bd9bae7, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x7cd629b0, 0xb2af31a4, 0x23312a3f, 0x9430c6a5, 0x66c035a2, 0xbc37744e, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xd0b0e090, 0xd81533a7, 0x984af104, 0xdaf741ec, 0x500e7fcd, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xb04d43ef, 0x4d54ccaa, 0x04dfe496, 0xb5e39ed1, 0x881b4c6a, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x517f4665, 0xea049d5e, 0x355d018c, 0x7473fa87, 0x412efb0b, 0x1d5ab367, 0xd25292db, 0x5633e910, 0x47136dd6, 0x618c9ad7, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x148e59f8, 0x3c89eb13, 0x27eecea9, 0xc935b761, 0xe5ede11c, 0xb13c7a47, 0xdf599cd2, 0x733f55f2, 0xce791814, 0x37bf73c7, 0xcdea53f7, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x6f14df3d, 0xdb867844, 0xf381caaf, 0xc43eb968, 0x342c3824, 0x405fc2a3, 0xc372161d, 0x250cbce2, 0x498b283c, 0x9541ff0d, 0x017139a8, 0xb3de080c, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xc1906456, 0x84617bcb, 0xb670d532, 0x5c74486c, 0x5742d0b8];
+           var T8 = [0xf4a75051, 0x4165537e, 0x17a4c31a, 0x275e963a, 0xab6bcb3b, 0x9d45f11f, 0xfa58abac, 0xe303934b, 0x30fa5520, 0x766df6ad, 0xcc769188, 0x024c25f5, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x35448026, 0x62a38fb5, 0xb15a49de, 0xba1b6725, 0xea0e9845, 0xfec0e15d, 0x2f7502c3, 0x4cf01281, 0x4697a38d, 0xd3f9c66b, 0x8f5fe703, 0x929c9515, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0xbe832dd4, 0x7421d358, 0xe0692949, 0xc9c8448e, 0xc2896a75, 0x8e7978f4, 0x583e6b99, 0xb971dd27, 0xe14fb6be, 0x88ad17f0, 0x20ac66c9, 0xce3ab47d, 0xdf4a1863, 0x1a3182e5, 0x51336097, 0x537f4562, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6bae84bb, 0x81a01cfe, 0x082b94f9, 0x48685870, 0x45fd198f, 0xde6c8794, 0x7bf8b752, 0x73d323ab, 0x4b02e272, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x55ab2a66, 0xeb2807b2, 0xb5c2032f, 0xc57b9a86, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2887f230, 0xbfa5b223, 0x036aba02, 0x16825ced, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0x79b492a7, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x69e2a14e, 0xdaf4cd65, 0x05bed506, 0x34621fd1, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0x2e539d34, 0xf355a0a2, 0x8ae13205, 0xf6eb75a4, 0x83ec390b, 0x60efaa40, 0x719f065e, 0x6e1051bd, 0x218af93e, 0xdd063d96, 0x3e05aedd, 0xe6bd464d, 0x548db591, 0xc45d0571, 0x06d46f04, 0x5015ff60, 0x98fb2419, 0xbde997d6, 0x4043cc89, 0xd99e7767, 0xe842bdb0, 0x898b8807, 0x195b38e7, 0xc8eedb79, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x420fe97c, 0x841ec9f8, 0x00000000, 0x80868309, 0x2bed4832, 0x1170ac1e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x0efffbfd, 0x8538560f, 0xaed51e3d, 0x2d392736, 0x0fd9640a, 0x5ca62168, 0x5b54d19b, 0x362e3a24, 0x0a67b10c, 0x57e70f93, 0xee96d2b4, 0x9b919e1b, 0xc0c54f80, 0xdc20a261, 0x774b695a, 0x121a161c, 0x93ba0ae2, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x22e0433c, 0x1b171d12, 0x090d0b0e, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb6a8b92d, 0x1ea9c814, 0xf1198557, 0x75074caf, 0x99ddbbee, 0x7f60fda3, 0x01269ff7, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x663bc544, 0xfb7e345b, 0x4329768b, 0x23c6dccb, 0xedfc68b6, 0xe4f163b8, 0x31dccad7, 0x63851042, 0x97224013, 0xc6112084, 0x4a247d85, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xf93211ae, 0x29a16dc7, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xb230f3dc, 0x8652ec0d, 0xc1e3d077, 0xb3166c2b, 0x70b999a9, 0x9448fa11, 0xe9642247, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf03f1aa0, 0x7d2cd856, 0x3390ef22, 0x494ec787, 0x38d1c1d9, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xd40b3698, 0xf581cfa6, 0x7ade28a5, 0xb78e26da, 0xadbfa43f, 0x3a9de42c, 0x78920d50, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x7e466254, 0x8d13c2f6, 0xd8b8e890, 0x39f75e2e, 0xc3aff582, 0x5d80be9f, 0xd0937c69, 0xd52da96f, 0x2512b3cf, 0xac993bc8, 0x187da710, 0x9c636ee8, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x267809cd, 0x5918f46e, 0x9ab701ec, 0x4f9aa883, 0x956e65e6, 0xffe67eaa, 0xbccf0821, 0x15e8e6ef, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x9f09d4ea, 0xb07cd629, 0xa4b2af31, 0x3f23312a, 0xa59430c6, 0xa266c035, 0x4ebc3774, 0x82caa6fc, 0x90d0b0e0, 0xa7d81533, 0x04984af1, 0xecdaf741, 0xcd500e7f, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0xefb04d43, 0xaa4d54cc, 0x9604dfe4, 0xd1b5e39e, 0x6a881b4c, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x65517f46, 0x5eea049d, 0x8c355d01, 0x877473fa, 0x0b412efb, 0x671d5ab3, 0xdbd25292, 0x105633e9, 0xd647136d, 0xd7618c9a, 0xa10c7a37, 0xf8148e59, 0x133c89eb, 0xa927eece, 0x61c935b7, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x47b13c7a, 0xd2df599c, 0xf2733f55, 0x14ce7918, 0xc737bf73, 0xf7cdea53, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0x3d6f14df, 0x44db8678, 0xaff381ca, 0x68c43eb9, 0x24342c38, 0xa3405fc2, 0x1dc37216, 0xe2250cbc, 0x3c498b28, 0x0d9541ff, 0xa8017139, 0x0cb3de08, 0xb4e49cd8, 0x56c19064, 0xcb84617b, 0x32b670d5, 0x6c5c7448, 0xb85742d0]; // Transformations for decryption key expansion
 
-                   if (matchesViaTo) {
-                     if (isOnly) {
-                       restrict = {
-                         id: restriction.id,
-                         direct: matchesFrom,
-                         from: f.id,
-                         only: true,
-                         end: true
-                       };
-                     } else {
-                       restrict = {
-                         id: restriction.id,
-                         direct: matchesFrom,
-                         from: f.id,
-                         no: true,
-                         end: true
-                       };
-                     }
-                   } else {
-                     // indirect - caused by a different nearby restriction
-                     if (isAlongOnlyPath) {
-                       restrict = {
-                         id: restriction.id,
-                         direct: false,
-                         from: f.id,
-                         only: true,
-                         end: false
-                       };
-                     } else if (isOnly) {
-                       restrict = {
-                         id: restriction.id,
-                         direct: false,
-                         from: f.id,
-                         no: true,
-                         end: true
-                       };
-                     }
-                   } // stop looking if we find a "direct" restriction (matching FROM, VIA, TO)
+           var U1 = [0x00000000, 0x0e090d0b, 0x1c121a16, 0x121b171d, 0x3824342c, 0x362d3927, 0x24362e3a, 0x2a3f2331, 0x70486858, 0x7e416553, 0x6c5a724e, 0x62537f45, 0x486c5c74, 0x4665517f, 0x547e4662, 0x5a774b69, 0xe090d0b0, 0xee99ddbb, 0xfc82caa6, 0xf28bc7ad, 0xd8b4e49c, 0xd6bde997, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0xcaaff381, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x82c3aff5, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa6f581cf, 0xb4ee96d2, 0xbae79bd9, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xd532b670, 0xc729a16d, 0xc920ac66, 0xe31f8f57, 0xed16825c, 0xff0d9541, 0xf104984a, 0xab73d323, 0xa57ade28, 0xb761c935, 0xb968c43e, 0x9357e70f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x8f45fd19, 0x814cf012, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x35a266c0, 0x27b971dd, 0x29b07cd6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x0d8652ec, 0x1f9d45f1, 0x119448fa, 0x4be30393, 0x45ea0e98, 0x57f11985, 0x59f8148e, 0x73c737bf, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x6fd52da9, 0x61dc20a2, 0xad766df6, 0xa37f60fd, 0xb16477e0, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x894043cc, 0x87494ec7, 0xdd3e05ae, 0xd33708a5, 0xc12c1fb8, 0xcf2512b3, 0xe51a3182, 0xeb133c89, 0xf9082b94, 0xf701269f, 0x4de6bd46, 0x43efb04d, 0x51f4a750, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0x75c2896a, 0x7bcb8461, 0x69d0937c, 0x67d99e77, 0x3daed51e, 0x33a7d815, 0x21bccf08, 0x2fb5c203, 0x058ae132, 0x0b83ec39, 0x1998fb24, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x7844db86, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x6456c190, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x4060efaa, 0x527bf8b7, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x0605bed5, 0x080cb3de, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x141ea9c8, 0x3e218af9, 0x302887f2, 0x223390ef, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x96dd063d, 0x98d40b36, 0x8acf1c2b, 0x84c61120, 0xaef93211, 0xa0f03f1a, 0xb2eb2807, 0xbce2250c, 0xe6956e65, 0xe89c636e, 0xfa877473, 0xf48e7978, 0xdeb15a49, 0xd0b85742, 0xc2a3405f, 0xccaa4d54, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0x5dfec0e1, 0x53f7cdea, 0x79c8eedb, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x65daf4cd, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x09808683, 0x07898b88, 0x15929c95, 0x1b9b919e, 0xa17c0a47, 0xaf75074c, 0xbd6e1051, 0xb3671d5a, 0x99583e6b, 0x97513360, 0x854a247d, 0x8b432976, 0xd134621f, 0xdf3d6f14, 0xcd267809, 0xc32f7502, 0xe9105633, 0xe7195b38, 0xf5024c25, 0xfb0b412e, 0x9ad7618c, 0x94de6c87, 0x86c57b9a, 0x88cc7691, 0xa2f355a0, 0xacfa58ab, 0xbee14fb6, 0xb0e842bd, 0xea9f09d4, 0xe49604df, 0xf68d13c2, 0xf8841ec9, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xdcb230f3, 0xcea927ee, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x7a47b13c, 0x744ebc37, 0x6655ab2a, 0x685ca621, 0x42638510, 0x4c6a881b, 0x5e719f06, 0x5078920d, 0x0a0fd964, 0x0406d46f, 0x161dc372, 0x1814ce79, 0x322bed48, 0x3c22e043, 0x2e39f75e, 0x2030fa55, 0xec9ab701, 0xe293ba0a, 0xf088ad17, 0xfe81a01c, 0xd4be832d, 0xdab78e26, 0xc8ac993b, 0xc6a59430, 0x9cd2df59, 0x92dbd252, 0x80c0c54f, 0x8ec9c844, 0xa4f6eb75, 0xaaffe67e, 0xb8e4f163, 0xb6edfc68, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x02036aba, 0x10187da7, 0x1e1170ac, 0x342e539d, 0x3a275e96, 0x283c498b, 0x26354480, 0x7c420fe9, 0x724b02e2, 0x605015ff, 0x6e5918f4, 0x44663bc5, 0x4a6f36ce, 0x587421d3, 0x567d2cd8, 0x37a10c7a, 0x39a80171, 0x2bb3166c, 0x25ba1b67, 0x0f853856, 0x018c355d, 0x13972240, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0x47e96422, 0x49e06929, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x55f2733f, 0x7fcd500e, 0x71c45d05, 0x63df4a18, 0x6dd64713, 0xd731dcca, 0xd938d1c1, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xc52acbd7, 0xef15e8e6, 0xe11ce5ed, 0xf307f2f0, 0xfd0efffb, 0xa779b492, 0xa970b999, 0xbb6bae84, 0xb562a38f, 0x9f5d80be, 0x91548db5, 0x834f9aa8, 0x8d4697a3];
+           var U2 = [0x00000000, 0x0b0e090d, 0x161c121a, 0x1d121b17, 0x2c382434, 0x27362d39, 0x3a24362e, 0x312a3f23, 0x58704868, 0x537e4165, 0x4e6c5a72, 0x4562537f, 0x74486c5c, 0x7f466551, 0x62547e46, 0x695a774b, 0xb0e090d0, 0xbbee99dd, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xadf28bc7, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x97d6bde9, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x81caaff3, 0xe890d8b8, 0xe39ed1b5, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0xf582c3af, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0xcfa6f581, 0xd2b4ee96, 0xd9bae79b, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x70d532b6, 0x6dc729a1, 0x66c920ac, 0x57e31f8f, 0x5ced1682, 0x41ff0d95, 0x4af10498, 0x23ab73d3, 0x28a57ade, 0x35b761c9, 0x3eb968c4, 0x0f9357e7, 0x049d5eea, 0x198f45fd, 0x12814cf0, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xc035a266, 0xdd27b971, 0xd629b07c, 0xe7038f5f, 0xec0d8652, 0xf11f9d45, 0xfa119448, 0x934be303, 0x9845ea0e, 0x8557f119, 0x8e59f814, 0xbf73c737, 0xb47dce3a, 0xa96fd52d, 0xa261dc20, 0xf6ad766d, 0xfda37f60, 0xe0b16477, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0xd19b5b54, 0xcc894043, 0xc787494e, 0xaedd3e05, 0xa5d33708, 0xb8c12c1f, 0xb3cf2512, 0x82e51a31, 0x89eb133c, 0x94f9082b, 0x9ff70126, 0x464de6bd, 0x4d43efb0, 0x5051f4a7, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x6a75c289, 0x617bcb84, 0x7c69d093, 0x7767d99e, 0x1e3daed5, 0x1533a7d8, 0x0821bccf, 0x032fb5c2, 0x32058ae1, 0x390b83ec, 0x241998fb, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x867844db, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x906456c1, 0xa14e69e2, 0xaa4060ef, 0xb7527bf8, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xd50605be, 0xde080cb3, 0xc31a17a4, 0xc8141ea9, 0xf93e218a, 0xf2302887, 0xef223390, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x3d96dd06, 0x3698d40b, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x2084c611, 0x11aef932, 0x1aa0f03f, 0x07b2eb28, 0x0cbce225, 0x65e6956e, 0x6ee89c63, 0x73fa8774, 0x78f48e79, 0x49deb15a, 0x42d0b857, 0x5fc2a340, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xf741ecda, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xe15dfec0, 0xea53f7cd, 0xdb79c8ee, 0xd077c1e3, 0xcd65daf4, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xaf31a4b2, 0xa43fadbf, 0xb92db6a8, 0xb223bfa5, 0x83098086, 0x8807898b, 0x9515929c, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x47a17c0a, 0x4caf7507, 0x51bd6e10, 0x5ab3671d, 0x6b99583e, 0x60975133, 0x7d854a24, 0x768b4329, 0x1fd13462, 0x14df3d6f, 0x09cd2678, 0x02c32f75, 0x33e91056, 0x38e7195b, 0x25f5024c, 0x2efb0b41, 0x8c9ad761, 0x8794de6c, 0x9a86c57b, 0x9188cc76, 0xa0a2f355, 0xabacfa58, 0xb6bee14f, 0xbdb0e842, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xdfe49604, 0xc2f68d13, 0xc9f8841e, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0xf3dcb230, 0xeecea927, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x37744ebc, 0x2a6655ab, 0x21685ca6, 0x10426385, 0x1b4c6a88, 0x065e719f, 0x0d507892, 0x640a0fd9, 0x6f0406d4, 0x72161dc3, 0x791814ce, 0x48322bed, 0x433c22e0, 0x5e2e39f7, 0x552030fa, 0x01ec9ab7, 0x0ae293ba, 0x17f088ad, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x2dd4be83, 0x26dab78e, 0x3bc8ac99, 0x30c6a594, 0x599cd2df, 0x5292dbd2, 0x4f80c0c5, 0x448ec9c8, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x63b8e4f1, 0x68b6edfc, 0xb10c0a67, 0xba02036a, 0xa710187d, 0xac1e1170, 0x9d342e53, 0x963a275e, 0x8b283c49, 0x80263544, 0xe97c420f, 0xe2724b02, 0xff605015, 0xf46e5918, 0xc544663b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd3587421, 0xd8567d2c, 0x7a37a10c, 0x7139a801, 0x6c2bb316, 0x6725ba1b, 0x560f8538, 0x5d018c35, 0x40139722, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0x2247e964, 0x2949e069, 0x345bfb7e, 0x3f55f273, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x0571c45d, 0x1863df4a, 0x136dd647, 0xcad731dc, 0xc1d938d1, 0xdccb23c6, 0xd7c52acb, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xede11ce5, 0xf0f307f2, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x92a779b4, 0x99a970b9, 0x84bb6bae, 0x8fb562a3, 0xbe9f5d80, 0xb591548d, 0xa8834f9a, 0xa38d4697];
+           var U3 = [0x00000000, 0x0d0b0e09, 0x1a161c12, 0x171d121b, 0x342c3824, 0x3927362d, 0x2e3a2436, 0x23312a3f, 0x68587048, 0x65537e41, 0x724e6c5a, 0x7f456253, 0x5c74486c, 0x517f4665, 0x4662547e, 0x4b695a77, 0xd0b0e090, 0xddbbee99, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xc7adf28b, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xe997d6bd, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0xf381caaf, 0xb8e890d8, 0xb5e39ed1, 0xa2fe8cca, 0xaff582c3, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x81cfa6f5, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x9bd9bae7, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0xb670d532, 0xa16dc729, 0xac66c920, 0x8f57e31f, 0x825ced16, 0x9541ff0d, 0x984af104, 0xd323ab73, 0xde28a57a, 0xc935b761, 0xc43eb968, 0xe70f9357, 0xea049d5e, 0xfd198f45, 0xf012814c, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x66c035a2, 0x71dd27b9, 0x7cd629b0, 0x5fe7038f, 0x52ec0d86, 0x45f11f9d, 0x48fa1194, 0x03934be3, 0x0e9845ea, 0x198557f1, 0x148e59f8, 0x37bf73c7, 0x3ab47dce, 0x2da96fd5, 0x20a261dc, 0x6df6ad76, 0x60fda37f, 0x77e0b164, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x54d19b5b, 0x43cc8940, 0x4ec78749, 0x05aedd3e, 0x08a5d337, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x12b3cf25, 0x3182e51a, 0x3c89eb13, 0x2b94f908, 0x269ff701, 0xbd464de6, 0xb04d43ef, 0xa75051f4, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x896a75c2, 0x84617bcb, 0x937c69d0, 0x9e7767d9, 0xd51e3dae, 0xd81533a7, 0xcf0821bc, 0xc2032fb5, 0xe132058a, 0xec390b83, 0xfb241998, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xdb867844, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0xc1906456, 0xe2a14e69, 0xefaa4060, 0xf8b7527b, 0xf5bc5c72, 0xbed50605, 0xb3de080c, 0xa4c31a17, 0xa9c8141e, 0x8af93e21, 0x87f23028, 0x90ef2233, 0x9de42c3a, 0x063d96dd, 0x0b3698d4, 0x1c2b8acf, 0x112084c6, 0x3211aef9, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2807b2eb, 0x250cbce2, 0x6e65e695, 0x636ee89c, 0x7473fa87, 0x7978f48e, 0x5a49deb1, 0x5742d0b8, 0x405fc2a3, 0x4d54ccaa, 0xdaf741ec, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xc0e15dfe, 0xcdea53f7, 0xeedb79c8, 0xe3d077c1, 0xf4cd65da, 0xf9c66bd3, 0xb2af31a4, 0xbfa43fad, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa5b223bf, 0x86830980, 0x8b880789, 0x9c951592, 0x919e1b9b, 0x0a47a17c, 0x074caf75, 0x1051bd6e, 0x1d5ab367, 0x3e6b9958, 0x33609751, 0x247d854a, 0x29768b43, 0x621fd134, 0x6f14df3d, 0x7809cd26, 0x7502c32f, 0x5633e910, 0x5b38e719, 0x4c25f502, 0x412efb0b, 0x618c9ad7, 0x6c8794de, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x769188cc, 0x55a0a2f3, 0x58abacfa, 0x4fb6bee1, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x04dfe496, 0x13c2f68d, 0x1ec9f884, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x27eecea9, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xb13c7a47, 0xbc37744e, 0xab2a6655, 0xa621685c, 0x85104263, 0x881b4c6a, 0x9f065e71, 0x920d5078, 0xd9640a0f, 0xd46f0406, 0xc372161d, 0xce791814, 0xed48322b, 0xe0433c22, 0xf75e2e39, 0xfa552030, 0xb701ec9a, 0xba0ae293, 0xad17f088, 0xa01cfe81, 0x832dd4be, 0x8e26dab7, 0x993bc8ac, 0x9430c6a5, 0xdf599cd2, 0xd25292db, 0xc54f80c0, 0xc8448ec9, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xe67eaaff, 0xf163b8e4, 0xfc68b6ed, 0x67b10c0a, 0x6aba0203, 0x7da71018, 0x70ac1e11, 0x539d342e, 0x5e963a27, 0x498b283c, 0x44802635, 0x0fe97c42, 0x02e2724b, 0x15ff6050, 0x18f46e59, 0x3bc54466, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x21d35874, 0x2cd8567d, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x017139a8, 0x166c2bb3, 0x1b6725ba, 0x38560f85, 0x355d018c, 0x22401397, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x642247e9, 0x692949e0, 0x7e345bfb, 0x733f55f2, 0x500e7fcd, 0x5d0571c4, 0x4a1863df, 0x47136dd6, 0xdccad731, 0xd1c1d938, 0xc6dccb23, 0xcbd7c52a, 0xe8e6ef15, 0xe5ede11c, 0xf2f0f307, 0xfffbfd0e, 0xb492a779, 0xb999a970, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa38fb562, 0x80be9f5d, 0x8db59154, 0x9aa8834f, 0x97a38d46];
+           var U4 = [0x00000000, 0x090d0b0e, 0x121a161c, 0x1b171d12, 0x24342c38, 0x2d392736, 0x362e3a24, 0x3f23312a, 0x48685870, 0x4165537e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x537f4562, 0x6c5c7448, 0x65517f46, 0x7e466254, 0x774b695a, 0x90d0b0e0, 0x99ddbbee, 0x82caa6fc, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb4e49cd8, 0xbde997d6, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0xaff381ca, 0xd8b8e890, 0xd1b5e39e, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xc3aff582, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf581cfa6, 0xee96d2b4, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x32b670d5, 0x29a16dc7, 0x20ac66c9, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x16825ced, 0x0d9541ff, 0x04984af1, 0x73d323ab, 0x7ade28a5, 0x61c935b7, 0x68c43eb9, 0x57e70f93, 0x5eea049d, 0x45fd198f, 0x4cf01281, 0xab6bcb3b, 0xa266c035, 0xb971dd27, 0xb07cd629, 0x8f5fe703, 0x8652ec0d, 0x9d45f11f, 0x9448fa11, 0xe303934b, 0xea0e9845, 0xf1198557, 0xf8148e59, 0xc737bf73, 0xce3ab47d, 0xd52da96f, 0xdc20a261, 0x766df6ad, 0x7f60fda3, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0x5b54d19b, 0x4043cc89, 0x494ec787, 0x3e05aedd, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x2512b3cf, 0x1a3182e5, 0x133c89eb, 0x082b94f9, 0x01269ff7, 0xe6bd464d, 0xefb04d43, 0xf4a75051, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0xc2896a75, 0xcb84617b, 0xd0937c69, 0xd99e7767, 0xaed51e3d, 0xa7d81533, 0xbccf0821, 0xb5c2032f, 0x8ae13205, 0x83ec390b, 0x98fb2419, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0x44db8678, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x56c19064, 0x69e2a14e, 0x60efaa40, 0x7bf8b752, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x05bed506, 0x0cb3de08, 0x17a4c31a, 0x1ea9c814, 0x218af93e, 0x2887f230, 0x3390ef22, 0x3a9de42c, 0xdd063d96, 0xd40b3698, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0xc6112084, 0xf93211ae, 0xf03f1aa0, 0xeb2807b2, 0xe2250cbc, 0x956e65e6, 0x9c636ee8, 0x877473fa, 0x8e7978f4, 0xb15a49de, 0xb85742d0, 0xa3405fc2, 0xaa4d54cc, 0xecdaf741, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0xfec0e15d, 0xf7cdea53, 0xc8eedb79, 0xc1e3d077, 0xdaf4cd65, 0xd3f9c66b, 0xa4b2af31, 0xadbfa43f, 0xb6a8b92d, 0xbfa5b223, 0x80868309, 0x898b8807, 0x929c9515, 0x9b919e1b, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x75074caf, 0x6e1051bd, 0x671d5ab3, 0x583e6b99, 0x51336097, 0x4a247d85, 0x4329768b, 0x34621fd1, 0x3d6f14df, 0x267809cd, 0x2f7502c3, 0x105633e9, 0x195b38e7, 0x024c25f5, 0x0b412efb, 0xd7618c9a, 0xde6c8794, 0xc57b9a86, 0xcc769188, 0xf355a0a2, 0xfa58abac, 0xe14fb6be, 0xe842bdb0, 0x9f09d4ea, 0x9604dfe4, 0x8d13c2f6, 0x841ec9f8, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xb230f3dc, 0xa927eece, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x47b13c7a, 0x4ebc3774, 0x55ab2a66, 0x5ca62168, 0x63851042, 0x6a881b4c, 0x719f065e, 0x78920d50, 0x0fd9640a, 0x06d46f04, 0x1dc37216, 0x14ce7918, 0x2bed4832, 0x22e0433c, 0x39f75e2e, 0x30fa5520, 0x9ab701ec, 0x93ba0ae2, 0x88ad17f0, 0x81a01cfe, 0xbe832dd4, 0xb78e26da, 0xac993bc8, 0xa59430c6, 0xd2df599c, 0xdbd25292, 0xc0c54f80, 0xc9c8448e, 0xf6eb75a4, 0xffe67eaa, 0xe4f163b8, 0xedfc68b6, 0x0a67b10c, 0x036aba02, 0x187da710, 0x1170ac1e, 0x2e539d34, 0x275e963a, 0x3c498b28, 0x35448026, 0x420fe97c, 0x4b02e272, 0x5015ff60, 0x5918f46e, 0x663bc544, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x7421d358, 0x7d2cd856, 0xa10c7a37, 0xa8017139, 0xb3166c2b, 0xba1b6725, 0x8538560f, 0x8c355d01, 0x97224013, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xe9642247, 0xe0692949, 0xfb7e345b, 0xf2733f55, 0xcd500e7f, 0xc45d0571, 0xdf4a1863, 0xd647136d, 0x31dccad7, 0x38d1c1d9, 0x23c6dccb, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x15e8e6ef, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x0efffbfd, 0x79b492a7, 0x70b999a9, 0x6bae84bb, 0x62a38fb5, 0x5d80be9f, 0x548db591, 0x4f9aa883, 0x4697a38d];
+
+           function convertToInt32(bytes) {
+             var result = [];
 
+             for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 4) {
+               result.push(bytes[i] << 24 | bytes[i + 1] << 16 | bytes[i + 2] << 8 | bytes[i + 3]);
+             }
 
-                   if (restrict && restrict.direct) break;
-                 }
+             return result;
+           }
 
-                 nextWays.push({
-                   way: way,
-                   restrict: restrict
-                 });
-               }
+           var AES = function AES(key) {
+             if (!(this instanceof AES)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+             }
 
-               nextWays.forEach(function (nextWay) {
-                 step(nextWay.way, currPath, currRestrictions, nextWay.restrict);
-               });
-             } else {
-               // entity.type === 'way'
-               if (currPath.length >= 3) {
-                 // this is a "complete" path..
-                 var turnPath = currPath.slice(); // shallow copy
-                 // an indirect restriction - only include the partial path (starting at FROM)
+             Object.defineProperty(this, 'key', {
+               value: coerceArray(key, true)
+             });
 
-                 if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.direct === false) {
-                   for (i = 0; i < turnPath.length; i++) {
-                     if (turnPath[i] === matchedRestriction.from) {
-                       turnPath = turnPath.slice(i);
-                       break;
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
+             this._prepare();
+           };
 
-                 var turn = pathToTurn(turnPath);
+           AES.prototype._prepare = function () {
+             var rounds = numberOfRounds[this.key.length];
 
-                 if (turn) {
-                   if (matchedRestriction) {
-                     turn.restrictionID = matchedRestriction.id;
-                     turn.no = matchedRestriction.no;
-                     turn.only = matchedRestriction.only;
-                     turn.direct = matchedRestriction.direct;
-                   }
+             if (rounds == null) {
+               throw new Error('invalid key size (must be 16, 24 or 32 bytes)');
+             } // encryption round keys
 
-                   turns.push(osmTurn(turn));
-                 }
 
-                 if (currPath[0] === currPath[2]) return; // if we made a u-turn - stop here
-               }
+             this._Ke = []; // decryption round keys
 
-               if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.end) return; // don't advance any further
-               // which nodes can we step into?
+             this._Kd = [];
 
-               var n1 = vgraph.entity(entity.first());
-               var n2 = vgraph.entity(entity.last());
-               var dist = geoSphericalDistance(n1.loc, n2.loc);
-               var nextNodes = [];
+             for (var i = 0; i <= rounds; i++) {
+               this._Ke.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
 
-               if (currPath.length > 1) {
-                 if (dist > maxDistance) return; // the next node is too far
+               this._Kd.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
+             }
 
-                 if (!entity.__via) return; // this way is a leaf / can't be a via
-               }
+             var roundKeyCount = (rounds + 1) * 4;
+             var KC = this.key.length / 4; // convert the key into ints
 
-               if (!entity.__oneWay && // bidirectional..
-               keyVertexIds.indexOf(n1.id) !== -1 && // key vertex..
-               currPath.indexOf(n1.id) === -1) {
-                 // haven't seen it yet..
-                 nextNodes.push(n1); // can advance to first node
-               }
+             var tk = convertToInt32(this.key); // copy values into round key arrays
 
-               if (keyVertexIds.indexOf(n2.id) !== -1 && // key vertex..
-               currPath.indexOf(n2.id) === -1) {
-                 // haven't seen it yet..
-                 nextNodes.push(n2); // can advance to last node
-               }
+             var index;
 
-               nextNodes.forEach(function (nextNode) {
-                 // gather restrictions FROM this way
-                 var fromRestrictions = vgraph.parentRelations(entity).filter(function (r) {
-                   if (!r.isRestriction()) return false;
-                   var f = r.memberByRole('from');
-                   if (!f || f.id !== entity.id) return false;
-                   var isOnly = /^only_/.test(r.tags.restriction);
-                   if (!isOnly) return true; // `only_` restrictions only matter along the direction of the VIA - #4849
+             for (var i = 0; i < KC; i++) {
+               index = i >> 2;
+               this._Ke[index][i % 4] = tk[i];
+               this._Kd[rounds - index][i % 4] = tk[i];
+             } // key expansion (fips-197 section 5.2)
 
-                   var isOnlyVia = false;
-                   var v = r.membersByRole('via');
 
-                   if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {
-                     // via node
-                     isOnlyVia = v[0].id === nextNode.id;
-                   } else {
-                     // via way(s)
-                     for (var i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
-                       if (v[i].type !== 'way') continue;
-                       var viaWay = vgraph.entity(v[i].id);
+             var rconpointer = 0;
+             var t = KC,
+                 tt;
 
-                       if (viaWay.first() === nextNode.id || viaWay.last() === nextNode.id) {
-                         isOnlyVia = true;
-                         break;
-                       }
-                     }
-                   }
+             while (t < roundKeyCount) {
+               tt = tk[KC - 1];
+               tk[0] ^= S[tt >> 16 & 0xFF] << 24 ^ S[tt >> 8 & 0xFF] << 16 ^ S[tt & 0xFF] << 8 ^ S[tt >> 24 & 0xFF] ^ rcon[rconpointer] << 24;
+               rconpointer += 1; // key expansion (for non-256 bit)
 
-                   return isOnlyVia;
-                 });
-                 step(nextNode, currPath, currRestrictions.concat(fromRestrictions), false);
-               });
-             }
-           } // assumes path is alternating way-node-way of odd length
+               if (KC != 8) {
+                 for (var i = 1; i < KC; i++) {
+                   tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
+                 } // key expansion for 256-bit keys is "slightly different" (fips-197)
 
+               } else {
+                 for (var i = 1; i < KC / 2; i++) {
+                   tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
+                 }
 
-           function pathToTurn(path) {
-             if (path.length < 3) return;
-             var fromWayId, fromNodeId, fromVertexId;
-             var toWayId, toNodeId, toVertexId;
-             var viaWayIds, viaNodeId, isUturn;
-             fromWayId = path[0];
-             toWayId = path[path.length - 1];
+                 tt = tk[KC / 2 - 1];
+                 tk[KC / 2] ^= S[tt & 0xFF] ^ S[tt >> 8 & 0xFF] << 8 ^ S[tt >> 16 & 0xFF] << 16 ^ S[tt >> 24 & 0xFF] << 24;
 
-             if (path.length === 3 && fromWayId === toWayId) {
-               // u turn
-               var way = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
-               if (way.__oneWay) return null;
-               isUturn = true;
-               viaNodeId = fromVertexId = toVertexId = path[1];
-               fromNodeId = toNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, viaNodeId);
-             } else {
-               isUturn = false;
-               fromVertexId = path[1];
-               fromNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, fromVertexId);
-               toVertexId = path[path.length - 2];
-               toNodeId = adjacentNode(toWayId, toVertexId);
+                 for (var i = KC / 2 + 1; i < KC; i++) {
+                   tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
+                 }
+               } // copy values into round key arrays
 
-               if (path.length === 3) {
-                 viaNodeId = path[1];
-               } else {
-                 viaWayIds = path.filter(function (entityId) {
-                   return entityId[0] === 'w';
-                 });
-                 viaWayIds = viaWayIds.slice(1, viaWayIds.length - 1); // remove first, last
+
+               var i = 0,
+                   r,
+                   c;
+
+               while (i < KC && t < roundKeyCount) {
+                 r = t >> 2;
+                 c = t % 4;
+                 this._Ke[r][c] = tk[i];
+                 this._Kd[rounds - r][c] = tk[i++];
+                 t++;
                }
-             }
+             } // inverse-cipher-ify the decryption round key (fips-197 section 5.3)
 
-             return {
-               key: path.join('_'),
-               path: path,
-               from: {
-                 node: fromNodeId,
-                 way: fromWayId,
-                 vertex: fromVertexId
-               },
-               via: {
-                 node: viaNodeId,
-                 ways: viaWayIds
-               },
-               to: {
-                 node: toNodeId,
-                 way: toWayId,
-                 vertex: toVertexId
-               },
-               u: isUturn
-             };
 
-             function adjacentNode(wayId, affixId) {
-               var nodes = vgraph.entity(wayId).nodes;
-               return affixId === nodes[0] ? nodes[1] : nodes[nodes.length - 2];
+             for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
+               for (var c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+                 tt = this._Kd[r][c];
+                 this._Kd[r][c] = U1[tt >> 24 & 0xFF] ^ U2[tt >> 16 & 0xFF] ^ U3[tt >> 8 & 0xFF] ^ U4[tt & 0xFF];
+               }
              }
-           }
-         };
+           };
 
-         return intersection;
-       }
-       function osmInferRestriction(graph, turn, projection) {
-         var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
-         var fromNode = graph.entity(turn.from.node);
-         var fromVertex = graph.entity(turn.from.vertex);
-         var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
-         var toNode = graph.entity(turn.to.node);
-         var toVertex = graph.entity(turn.to.vertex);
-         var fromOneWay = fromWay.tags.oneway === 'yes';
-         var toOneWay = toWay.tags.oneway === 'yes';
-         var angle = (geoAngle(fromVertex, fromNode, projection) - geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI;
+           AES.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             if (plaintext.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-         while (angle < 0) {
-           angle += 360;
-         }
+             var rounds = this._Ke.length - 1;
+             var a = [0, 0, 0, 0]; // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
 
-         if (fromNode === toNode) return 'no_u_turn';
-         if ((angle < 23 || angle > 336) && fromOneWay && toOneWay) return 'no_u_turn'; // wider tolerance for u-turn if both ways are oneway
+             var t = convertToInt32(plaintext);
 
-         if ((angle < 40 || angle > 319) && fromOneWay && toOneWay && turn.from.vertex !== turn.to.vertex) return 'no_u_turn'; // even wider tolerance for u-turn if there is a via way (from !== to)
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               t[i] ^= this._Ke[0][i];
+             } // apply round transforms
 
-         if (angle < 158) return 'no_right_turn';
-         if (angle > 202) return 'no_left_turn';
-         return 'no_straight_on';
-       }
 
-       function actionMergePolygon(ids, newRelationId) {
-         function groupEntities(graph) {
-           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
-             return graph.entity(id);
-           });
-           var geometryGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function (entity) {
-             if (entity.type === 'way' && entity.isClosed()) {
-               return 'closedWay';
-             } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
-               return 'multipolygon';
-             } else {
-               return 'other';
-             }
-           });
-           return Object.assign({
-             closedWay: [],
-             multipolygon: [],
-             other: []
-           }, geometryGroups);
-         }
+             for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+                 a[i] = T1[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ T2[t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ T3[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ T4[t[(i + 3) % 4] & 0xff] ^ this._Ke[r][i];
+               }
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var entities = groupEntities(graph); // An array representing all the polygons that are part of the multipolygon.
-           //
-           // Each element is itself an array of objects with an id property, and has a
-           // locs property which is an array of the locations forming the polygon.
+               t = a.slice();
+             } // the last round is special
 
-           var polygons = entities.multipolygon.reduce(function (polygons, m) {
-             return polygons.concat(osmJoinWays(m.members, graph));
-           }, []).concat(entities.closedWay.map(function (d) {
-             var member = [{
-               id: d.id
-             }];
-             member.nodes = graph.childNodes(d);
-             return member;
-           })); // contained is an array of arrays of boolean values,
-           // where contained[j][k] is true iff the jth way is
-           // contained by the kth way.
 
-           var contained = polygons.map(function (w, i) {
-             return polygons.map(function (d, n) {
-               if (i === n) return null;
-               return geoPolygonContainsPolygon(d.nodes.map(function (n) {
-                 return n.loc;
-               }), w.nodes.map(function (n) {
-                 return n.loc;
-               }));
-             });
-           }); // Sort all polygons as either outer or inner ways
+             var result = createArray(16),
+                 tt;
 
-           var members = [];
-           var outer = true;
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               tt = this._Ke[rounds][i];
+               result[4 * i] = (S[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 24) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 1] = (S[t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 16) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 2] = (S[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 8) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 3] = (S[t[(i + 3) % 4] & 0xff] ^ tt) & 0xff;
+             }
 
-           while (polygons.length) {
-             extractUncontained(polygons);
-             polygons = polygons.filter(isContained);
-             contained = contained.filter(isContained).map(filterContained);
-           }
+             return result;
+           };
 
-           function isContained(d, i) {
-             return contained[i].some(function (val) {
-               return val;
-             });
-           }
+           AES.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
+             if (ciphertext.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-           function filterContained(d) {
-             return d.filter(isContained);
-           }
+             var rounds = this._Kd.length - 1;
+             var a = [0, 0, 0, 0]; // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
 
-           function extractUncontained(polygons) {
-             polygons.forEach(function (d, i) {
-               if (!isContained(d, i)) {
-                 d.forEach(function (member) {
-                   members.push({
-                     type: 'way',
-                     id: member.id,
-                     role: outer ? 'outer' : 'inner'
-                   });
-                 });
+             var t = convertToInt32(ciphertext);
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               t[i] ^= this._Kd[0][i];
+             } // apply round transforms
+
+
+             for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+                 a[i] = T5[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ T6[t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ T7[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ T8[t[(i + 1) % 4] & 0xff] ^ this._Kd[r][i];
                }
-             });
-             outer = !outer;
-           } // Move all tags to one relation
 
+               t = a.slice();
+             } // the last round is special
 
-           var relation = entities.multipolygon[0] || osmRelation({
-             id: newRelationId,
-             tags: {
-               type: 'multipolygon'
-             }
-           });
-           entities.multipolygon.slice(1).forEach(function (m) {
-             relation = relation.mergeTags(m.tags);
-             graph = graph.remove(m);
-           });
-           entities.closedWay.forEach(function (way) {
-             function isThisOuter(m) {
-               return m.id === way.id && m.role !== 'inner';
+
+             var result = createArray(16),
+                 tt;
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               tt = this._Kd[rounds][i];
+               result[4 * i] = (Si[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 24) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 1] = (Si[t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 16) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 2] = (Si[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 8) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 3] = (Si[t[(i + 1) % 4] & 0xff] ^ tt) & 0xff;
              }
 
-             if (members.some(isThisOuter)) {
-               relation = relation.mergeTags(way.tags);
-               graph = graph.replace(way.update({
-                 tags: {}
-               }));
+             return result;
+           };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Electonic Codebook (ECB)
+            */
+
+
+           var ModeOfOperationECB = function ModeOfOperationECB(key) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationECB)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
              }
-           });
-           return graph.replace(relation.update({
-             members: members,
-             tags: utilObjectOmit(relation.tags, ['area'])
-           }));
-         };
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           var entities = groupEntities(graph);
+             this.description = "Electronic Code Block";
+             this.name = "ecb";
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
+           };
 
-           if (entities.other.length > 0 || entities.closedWay.length + entities.multipolygon.length < 2) {
-             return 'not_eligible';
-           }
+           ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);
 
-           if (!entities.multipolygon.every(function (r) {
-             return r.isComplete(graph);
-           })) {
-             return 'incomplete_relation';
-           }
+             if (plaintext.length % 16 !== 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-           if (!entities.multipolygon.length) {
-             var sharedMultipolygons = [];
-             entities.closedWay.forEach(function (way, i) {
-               if (i === 0) {
-                 sharedMultipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(way);
-               } else {
-                 sharedMultipolygons = utilArrayIntersection(sharedMultipolygons, graph.parentMultipolygons(way));
-               }
-             });
-             sharedMultipolygons = sharedMultipolygons.filter(function (relation) {
-               return relation.members.length === entities.closedWay.length;
-             });
+             var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
+             var block = createArray(16);
 
-             if (sharedMultipolygons.length) {
-               // don't create a new multipolygon if it'd be redundant
-               return 'not_eligible';
+             for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
+               copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
+               block = this._aes.encrypt(block);
+               copyArray(block, ciphertext, i);
              }
-           } else if (entities.closedWay.some(function (way) {
-             return utilArrayIntersection(graph.parentMultipolygons(way), entities.multipolygon).length;
-           })) {
-             // don't add a way to a multipolygon again if it's already a member
-             return 'not_eligible';
-           }
-         };
 
-         return action;
-       }
+             return ciphertext;
+           };
 
-       var UNSUPPORTED_Y$3 = regexpStickyHelpers.UNSUPPORTED_Y;
+           ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
+             ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);
 
-       // `RegExp.prototype.flags` getter
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-get-regexp.prototype.flags
-       if (descriptors && (/./g.flags != 'g' || UNSUPPORTED_Y$3)) {
-         objectDefineProperty.f(RegExp.prototype, 'flags', {
-           configurable: true,
-           get: regexpFlags
-         });
-       }
+             if (ciphertext.length % 16 !== 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-       var fastDeepEqual = function equal(a, b) {
-         if (a === b) return true;
+             var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
+             var block = createArray(16);
 
-         if (a && b && _typeof(a) == 'object' && _typeof(b) == 'object') {
-           if (a.constructor !== b.constructor) return false;
-           var length, i, keys;
+             for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
+               copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
+               block = this._aes.decrypt(block);
+               copyArray(block, plaintext, i);
+             }
 
-           if (Array.isArray(a)) {
-             length = a.length;
-             if (length != b.length) return false;
+             return plaintext;
+           };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Block Chaining (CBC)
+            */
 
-             for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
-               if (!equal(a[i], b[i])) return false;
+
+           var ModeOfOperationCBC = function ModeOfOperationCBC(key, iv) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCBC)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
              }
 
-             return true;
-           }
+             this.description = "Cipher Block Chaining";
+             this.name = "cbc";
 
-           if (a.constructor === RegExp) return a.source === b.source && a.flags === b.flags;
-           if (a.valueOf !== Object.prototype.valueOf) return a.valueOf() === b.valueOf();
-           if (a.toString !== Object.prototype.toString) return a.toString() === b.toString();
-           keys = Object.keys(a);
-           length = keys.length;
-           if (length !== Object.keys(b).length) return false;
+             if (!iv) {
+               iv = createArray(16);
+             } else if (iv.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-           for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
-             if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(b, keys[i])) return false;
-           }
+             this._lastCipherblock = coerceArray(iv, true);
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
+           };
 
-           for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
-             var key = keys[i];
-             if (!equal(a[key], b[key])) return false;
-           }
+           ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);
 
-           return true;
-         } // true if both NaN, false otherwise
+             if (plaintext.length % 16 !== 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
+             var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
+             var block = createArray(16);
 
-         return a !== a && b !== b;
-       };
+             for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
+               copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
 
-       // J. W. Hunt and M. D. McIlroy, An algorithm for differential buffer
-       // comparison, Bell Telephone Laboratories CSTR #41 (1976)
-       // http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~doug/
-       // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_subsequence_problem
-       //
-       // Expects two arrays, finds longest common sequence
+               for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
+                 block[j] ^= this._lastCipherblock[j];
+               }
 
-       function LCS(buffer1, buffer2) {
-         var equivalenceClasses = {};
+               this._lastCipherblock = this._aes.encrypt(block);
+               copyArray(this._lastCipherblock, ciphertext, i);
+             }
 
-         for (var j = 0; j < buffer2.length; j++) {
-           var item = buffer2[j];
+             return ciphertext;
+           };
 
-           if (equivalenceClasses[item]) {
-             equivalenceClasses[item].push(j);
-           } else {
-             equivalenceClasses[item] = [j];
-           }
-         }
+           ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
+             ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);
 
-         var NULLRESULT = {
-           buffer1index: -1,
-           buffer2index: -1,
-           chain: null
-         };
-         var candidates = [NULLRESULT];
+             if (ciphertext.length % 16 !== 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < buffer1.length; i++) {
-           var _item = buffer1[i];
-           var buffer2indices = equivalenceClasses[_item] || [];
-           var r = 0;
-           var c = candidates[0];
+             var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
+             var block = createArray(16);
 
-           for (var jx = 0; jx < buffer2indices.length; jx++) {
-             var _j = buffer2indices[jx];
-             var s = void 0;
+             for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
+               copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
+               block = this._aes.decrypt(block);
 
-             for (s = r; s < candidates.length; s++) {
-               if (candidates[s].buffer2index < _j && (s === candidates.length - 1 || candidates[s + 1].buffer2index > _j)) {
-                 break;
+               for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
+                 plaintext[i + j] = block[j] ^ this._lastCipherblock[j];
                }
+
+               copyArray(ciphertext, this._lastCipherblock, 0, i, i + 16);
              }
 
-             if (s < candidates.length) {
-               var newCandidate = {
-                 buffer1index: i,
-                 buffer2index: _j,
-                 chain: candidates[s]
-               };
+             return plaintext;
+           };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Feedback (CFB)
+            */
 
-               if (r === candidates.length) {
-                 candidates.push(c);
-               } else {
-                 candidates[r] = c;
-               }
 
-               r = s + 1;
-               c = newCandidate;
+           var ModeOfOperationCFB = function ModeOfOperationCFB(key, iv, segmentSize) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCFB)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+             }
 
-               if (r === candidates.length) {
-                 break; // no point in examining further (j)s
-               }
+             this.description = "Cipher Feedback";
+             this.name = "cfb";
+
+             if (!iv) {
+               iv = createArray(16);
+             } else if (iv.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 size)');
              }
-           }
 
-           candidates[r] = c;
-         } // At this point, we know the LCS: it's in the reverse of the
-         // linked-list through .chain of candidates[candidates.length - 1].
+             if (!segmentSize) {
+               segmentSize = 1;
+             }
 
+             this.segmentSize = segmentSize;
+             this._shiftRegister = coerceArray(iv, true);
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
+           };
 
-         return candidates[candidates.length - 1];
-       } // We apply the LCS to build a 'comm'-style picture of the
-       // offsets and lengths of mismatched chunks in the input
-       // buffers. This is used by diff3MergeRegions.
+           ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             if (plaintext.length % this.segmentSize != 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
+             }
 
+             var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
+             var xorSegment;
 
-       function diffIndices(buffer1, buffer2) {
-         var lcs = LCS(buffer1, buffer2);
-         var result = [];
-         var tail1 = buffer1.length;
-         var tail2 = buffer2.length;
+             for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
+               xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);
 
-         for (var candidate = lcs; candidate !== null; candidate = candidate.chain) {
-           var mismatchLength1 = tail1 - candidate.buffer1index - 1;
-           var mismatchLength2 = tail2 - candidate.buffer2index - 1;
-           tail1 = candidate.buffer1index;
-           tail2 = candidate.buffer2index;
+               for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
+                 encrypted[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
+               } // Shift the register
 
-           if (mismatchLength1 || mismatchLength2) {
-             result.push({
-               buffer1: [tail1 + 1, mismatchLength1],
-               buffer1Content: buffer1.slice(tail1 + 1, tail1 + 1 + mismatchLength1),
-               buffer2: [tail2 + 1, mismatchLength2],
-               buffer2Content: buffer2.slice(tail2 + 1, tail2 + 1 + mismatchLength2)
-             });
-           }
-         }
 
-         result.reverse();
-         return result;
-       } // We apply the LCS to build a JSON representation of a
-       // independently derived from O, returns a fairly complicated
-       // internal representation of merge decisions it's taken. The
-       // interested reader may wish to consult
-       //
-       // Sanjeev Khanna, Keshav Kunal, and Benjamin C. Pierce.
-       // 'A Formal Investigation of ' In Arvind and Prasad,
-       // editors, Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical
-       // Computer Science (FSTTCS), December 2007.
-       //
-       // (http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/papers/diff3-short.pdf)
-       //
+               copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
+               copyArray(encrypted, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
+             }
 
+             return encrypted;
+           };
 
-       function diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b) {
-         // "hunks" are array subsets where `a` or `b` are different from `o`
-         // https://www.gnu.org/software/diffutils/manual/html_node/diff3-Hunks.html
-         var hunks = [];
+           ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
+             if (ciphertext.length % this.segmentSize != 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
+             }
 
-         function addHunk(h, ab) {
-           hunks.push({
-             ab: ab,
-             oStart: h.buffer1[0],
-             oLength: h.buffer1[1],
-             // length of o to remove
-             abStart: h.buffer2[0],
-             abLength: h.buffer2[1] // length of a/b to insert
-             // abContent: (ab === 'a' ? a : b).slice(h.buffer2[0], h.buffer2[0] + h.buffer2[1])
+             var plaintext = coerceArray(ciphertext, true);
+             var xorSegment;
 
-           });
-         }
+             for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
+               xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);
 
-         diffIndices(o, a).forEach(function (item) {
-           return addHunk(item, 'a');
-         });
-         diffIndices(o, b).forEach(function (item) {
-           return addHunk(item, 'b');
-         });
-         hunks.sort(function (x, y) {
-           return x.oStart - y.oStart;
-         });
-         var results = [];
-         var currOffset = 0;
+               for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
+                 plaintext[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
+               } // Shift the register
 
-         function advanceTo(endOffset) {
-           if (endOffset > currOffset) {
-             results.push({
-               stable: true,
-               buffer: 'o',
-               bufferStart: currOffset,
-               bufferLength: endOffset - currOffset,
-               bufferContent: o.slice(currOffset, endOffset)
-             });
-             currOffset = endOffset;
-           }
-         }
 
-         while (hunks.length) {
-           var hunk = hunks.shift();
-           var regionStart = hunk.oStart;
-           var regionEnd = hunk.oStart + hunk.oLength;
-           var regionHunks = [hunk];
-           advanceTo(regionStart); // Try to pull next overlapping hunk into this region
+               copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
+               copyArray(ciphertext, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
+             }
 
-           while (hunks.length) {
-             var nextHunk = hunks[0];
-             var nextHunkStart = nextHunk.oStart;
-             if (nextHunkStart > regionEnd) break; // no overlap
+             return plaintext;
+           };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Output Feedback (OFB)
+            */
 
-             regionEnd = Math.max(regionEnd, nextHunkStart + nextHunk.oLength);
-             regionHunks.push(hunks.shift());
-           }
 
-           if (regionHunks.length === 1) {
-             // Only one hunk touches this region, meaning that there is no conflict here.
-             // Either `a` or `b` is inserting into a region of `o` unchanged by the other.
-             if (hunk.abLength > 0) {
-               var buffer = hunk.ab === 'a' ? a : b;
-               results.push({
-                 stable: true,
-                 buffer: hunk.ab,
-                 bufferStart: hunk.abStart,
-                 bufferLength: hunk.abLength,
-                 bufferContent: buffer.slice(hunk.abStart, hunk.abStart + hunk.abLength)
-               });
+           var ModeOfOperationOFB = function ModeOfOperationOFB(key, iv) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationOFB)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
              }
-           } else {
-             // A true a/b conflict. Determine the bounds involved from `a`, `o`, and `b`.
-             // Effectively merge all the `a` hunks into one giant hunk, then do the
-             // same for the `b` hunks; then, correct for skew in the regions of `o`
-             // that each side changed, and report appropriate spans for the three sides.
-             var bounds = {
-               a: [a.length, -1, o.length, -1],
-               b: [b.length, -1, o.length, -1]
-             };
 
-             while (regionHunks.length) {
-               hunk = regionHunks.shift();
-               var oStart = hunk.oStart;
-               var oEnd = oStart + hunk.oLength;
-               var abStart = hunk.abStart;
-               var abEnd = abStart + hunk.abLength;
-               var _b = bounds[hunk.ab];
-               _b[0] = Math.min(abStart, _b[0]);
-               _b[1] = Math.max(abEnd, _b[1]);
-               _b[2] = Math.min(oStart, _b[2]);
-               _b[3] = Math.max(oEnd, _b[3]);
+             this.description = "Output Feedback";
+             this.name = "ofb";
+
+             if (!iv) {
+               iv = createArray(16);
+             } else if (iv.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
              }
 
-             var aStart = bounds.a[0] + (regionStart - bounds.a[2]);
-             var aEnd = bounds.a[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.a[3]);
-             var bStart = bounds.b[0] + (regionStart - bounds.b[2]);
-             var bEnd = bounds.b[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.b[3]);
-             var result = {
-               stable: false,
-               aStart: aStart,
-               aLength: aEnd - aStart,
-               aContent: a.slice(aStart, aEnd),
-               oStart: regionStart,
-               oLength: regionEnd - regionStart,
-               oContent: o.slice(regionStart, regionEnd),
-               bStart: bStart,
-               bLength: bEnd - bStart,
-               bContent: b.slice(bStart, bEnd)
-             };
-             results.push(result);
-           }
+             this._lastPrecipher = coerceArray(iv, true);
+             this._lastPrecipherIndex = 16;
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
+           };
 
-           currOffset = regionEnd;
-         }
+           ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
 
-         advanceTo(o.length);
-         return results;
-       } // Applies the output of diff3MergeRegions to actually
-       // construct the merged buffer; the returned result alternates
-       // between 'ok' and 'conflict' blocks.
-       // A "false conflict" is where `a` and `b` both change the same from `o`
+             for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
+               if (this._lastPrecipherIndex === 16) {
+                 this._lastPrecipher = this._aes.encrypt(this._lastPrecipher);
+                 this._lastPrecipherIndex = 0;
+               }
 
+               encrypted[i] ^= this._lastPrecipher[this._lastPrecipherIndex++];
+             }
 
-       function diff3Merge(a, o, b, options) {
-         var defaults = {
-           excludeFalseConflicts: true,
-           stringSeparator: /\s+/
-         };
-         options = Object.assign(defaults, options);
-         var aString = typeof a === 'string';
-         var oString = typeof o === 'string';
-         var bString = typeof b === 'string';
-         if (aString) a = a.split(options.stringSeparator);
-         if (oString) o = o.split(options.stringSeparator);
-         if (bString) b = b.split(options.stringSeparator);
-         var results = [];
-         var regions = diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b);
-         var okBuffer = [];
+             return encrypted;
+           }; // Decryption is symetric
 
-         function flushOk() {
-           if (okBuffer.length) {
-             results.push({
-               ok: okBuffer
-             });
-           }
 
-           okBuffer = [];
-         }
+           ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt;
+           /**
+            *  Counter object for CTR common mode of operation
+            */
 
-         function isFalseConflict(a, b) {
-           if (a.length !== b.length) return false;
+           var Counter = function Counter(initialValue) {
+             if (!(this instanceof Counter)) {
+               throw Error('Counter must be instanitated with `new`');
+             } // We allow 0, but anything false-ish uses the default 1
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
-             if (a[i] !== b[i]) return false;
-           }
 
-           return true;
-         }
+             if (initialValue !== 0 && !initialValue) {
+               initialValue = 1;
+             }
 
-         regions.forEach(function (region) {
-           if (region.stable) {
-             var _okBuffer;
+             if (typeof initialValue === 'number') {
+               this._counter = createArray(16);
+               this.setValue(initialValue);
+             } else {
+               this.setBytes(initialValue);
+             }
+           };
 
-             (_okBuffer = okBuffer).push.apply(_okBuffer, _toConsumableArray(region.bufferContent));
-           } else {
-             if (options.excludeFalseConflicts && isFalseConflict(region.aContent, region.bContent)) {
-               var _okBuffer2;
+           Counter.prototype.setValue = function (value) {
+             if (typeof value !== 'number' || parseInt(value) != value) {
+               throw new Error('invalid counter value (must be an integer)');
+             } // We cannot safely handle numbers beyond the safe range for integers
 
-               (_okBuffer2 = okBuffer).push.apply(_okBuffer2, _toConsumableArray(region.aContent));
-             } else {
-               flushOk();
-               results.push({
-                 conflict: {
-                   a: region.aContent,
-                   aIndex: region.aStart,
-                   o: region.oContent,
-                   oIndex: region.oStart,
-                   b: region.bContent,
-                   bIndex: region.bStart
-                 }
-               });
+
+             if (value > Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
+               throw new Error('integer value out of safe range');
              }
-           }
-         });
-         flushOk();
-         return results;
-       }
 
-       function actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, discardTags, formatUser) {
-         discardTags = discardTags || {};
-         var _option = 'safe'; // 'safe', 'force_local', 'force_remote'
+             for (var index = 15; index >= 0; --index) {
+               this._counter[index] = value % 256;
+               value = parseInt(value / 256);
+             }
+           };
 
-         var _conflicts = [];
+           Counter.prototype.setBytes = function (bytes) {
+             bytes = coerceArray(bytes, true);
 
-         function user(d) {
-           return typeof formatUser === 'function' ? formatUser(d) : d;
-         }
+             if (bytes.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid counter bytes size (must be 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-         function mergeLocation(remote, target) {
-           function pointEqual(a, b) {
-             var epsilon = 1e-6;
-             return Math.abs(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon && Math.abs(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon;
-           }
+             this._counter = bytes;
+           };
 
-           if (_option === 'force_local' || pointEqual(target.loc, remote.loc)) {
-             return target;
-           }
+           Counter.prototype.increment = function () {
+             for (var i = 15; i >= 0; i--) {
+               if (this._counter[i] === 255) {
+                 this._counter[i] = 0;
+               } else {
+                 this._counter[i]++;
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+           };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Counter (CTR)
+            */
 
-           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-             return target.update({
-               loc: remote.loc
-             });
-           }
 
-           _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.location', {
-             user: user(remote.user)
-           }));
+           var ModeOfOperationCTR = function ModeOfOperationCTR(key, counter) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCTR)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+             }
 
-           return target;
-         }
+             this.description = "Counter";
+             this.name = "ctr";
 
-         function mergeNodes(base, remote, target) {
-           if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.nodes, remote.nodes)) {
-             return target;
-           }
+             if (!(counter instanceof Counter)) {
+               counter = new Counter(counter);
+             }
 
-           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-             return target.update({
-               nodes: remote.nodes
-             });
-           }
+             this._counter = counter;
+             this._remainingCounter = null;
+             this._remainingCounterIndex = 16;
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
+           };
 
-           var ccount = _conflicts.length;
-           var o = base.nodes || [];
-           var a = target.nodes || [];
-           var b = remote.nodes || [];
-           var nodes = [];
-           var hunks = diff3Merge(a, o, b, {
-             excludeFalseConflicts: true
-           });
+           ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < hunks.length; i++) {
-             var hunk = hunks[i];
+             for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
+               if (this._remainingCounterIndex === 16) {
+                 this._remainingCounter = this._aes.encrypt(this._counter._counter);
+                 this._remainingCounterIndex = 0;
 
-             if (hunk.ok) {
-               nodes.push.apply(nodes, hunk.ok);
-             } else {
-               // for all conflicts, we can assume c.a !== c.b
-               // because `diff3Merge` called with `true` option to exclude false conflicts..
-               var c = hunk.conflict;
+                 this._counter.increment();
+               }
 
-               if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.a)) {
-                 // only changed remotely
-                 nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.b);
-               } else if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.b)) {
-                 // only changed locally
-                 nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.a);
-               } else {
-                 // changed both locally and remotely
-                 _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.nodelist', {
-                   user: user(remote.user)
-                 }));
+               encrypted[i] ^= this._remainingCounter[this._remainingCounterIndex++];
+             }
+
+             return encrypted;
+           }; // Decryption is symetric
+
+
+           ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt; ///////////////////////
+           // Padding
+           // See:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2315
+
+           function pkcs7pad(data) {
+             data = coerceArray(data, true);
+             var padder = 16 - data.length % 16;
+             var result = createArray(data.length + padder);
+             copyArray(data, result);
 
-                 break;
-               }
+             for (var i = data.length; i < result.length; i++) {
+               result[i] = padder;
              }
-           }
-
-           return _conflicts.length === ccount ? target.update({
-             nodes: nodes
-           }) : target;
-         }
 
-         function mergeChildren(targetWay, children, updates, graph) {
-           function isUsed(node, targetWay) {
-             var hasInterestingParent = graph.parentWays(node).some(function (way) {
-               return way.id !== targetWay.id;
-             });
-             return node.hasInterestingTags() || hasInterestingParent || graph.parentRelations(node).length > 0;
+             return result;
            }
 
-           var ccount = _conflicts.length;
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-             var id = children[i];
-             var node = graph.hasEntity(id); // remove unused childNodes..
-
-             if (targetWay.nodes.indexOf(id) === -1) {
-               if (node && !isUsed(node, targetWay)) {
-                 updates.removeIds.push(id);
-               }
+           function pkcs7strip(data) {
+             data = coerceArray(data, true);
 
-               continue;
-             } // restore used childNodes..
+             if (data.length < 16) {
+               throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid length');
+             }
 
+             var padder = data[data.length - 1];
 
-             var local = localGraph.hasEntity(id);
-             var remote = remoteGraph.hasEntity(id);
-             var target;
+             if (padder > 16) {
+               throw new Error('PKCS#7 padding byte out of range');
+             }
 
-             if (_option === 'force_remote' && remote && remote.visible) {
-               updates.replacements.push(remote);
-             } else if (_option === 'force_local' && local) {
-               target = osmEntity(local);
+             var length = data.length - padder;
 
-               if (remote) {
-                 target = target.update({
-                   version: remote.version
-                 });
+             for (var i = 0; i < padder; i++) {
+               if (data[length + i] !== padder) {
+                 throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid padding byte');
                }
+             }
 
-               updates.replacements.push(target);
-             } else if (_option === 'safe' && local && remote && local.version !== remote.version) {
-               target = osmEntity(local, {
-                 version: remote.version
-               });
+             var result = createArray(length);
+             copyArray(data, result, 0, 0, length);
+             return result;
+           } ///////////////////////
+           // Exporting
+           // The block cipher
 
-               if (remote.visible) {
-                 target = mergeLocation(remote, target);
-               } else {
-                 _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', {
-                   user: user(remote.user)
-                 }));
-               }
 
-               if (_conflicts.length !== ccount) break;
-               updates.replacements.push(target);
+           var aesjs = {
+             AES: AES,
+             Counter: Counter,
+             ModeOfOperation: {
+               ecb: ModeOfOperationECB,
+               cbc: ModeOfOperationCBC,
+               cfb: ModeOfOperationCFB,
+               ofb: ModeOfOperationOFB,
+               ctr: ModeOfOperationCTR
+             },
+             utils: {
+               hex: convertHex,
+               utf8: convertUtf8
+             },
+             padding: {
+               pkcs7: {
+                 pad: pkcs7pad,
+                 strip: pkcs7strip
+               }
+             },
+             _arrayTest: {
+               coerceArray: coerceArray,
+               createArray: createArray,
+               copyArray: copyArray
              }
-           }
-
-           return targetWay;
-         }
+           }; // node.js
 
-         function updateChildren(updates, graph) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < updates.replacements.length; i++) {
-             graph = graph.replace(updates.replacements[i]);
+           {
+             module.exports = aesjs; // RequireJS/AMD
+             // http://www.requirejs.org/docs/api.html
+             // https://github.com/amdjs/amdjs-api/wiki/AMD
            }
+         })();
+       })(aesJs);
 
-           if (updates.removeIds.length) {
-             graph = actionDeleteMultiple(updates.removeIds)(graph);
-           }
+       var aesjs = aesJs.exports;
 
-           return graph;
-         }
+       // We can use keys that are 128 bits (16 bytes), 192 bits (24 bytes) or 256 bits (32 bytes).
+       // To generate a random key:  window.crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16));
+       // This default signing key is built into iD and can be used to mask/unmask sensitive values.
 
-         function mergeMembers(remote, target) {
-           if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.members, remote.members)) {
-             return target;
-           }
+       var DEFAULT_128 = [250, 157, 60, 79, 142, 134, 229, 129, 138, 126, 210, 129, 29, 71, 160, 208];
+       function utilAesEncrypt(text, key) {
+         key = key || DEFAULT_128;
+         var textBytes = aesjs.utils.utf8.toBytes(text);
+         var aesCtr = new aesjs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
+         var encryptedBytes = aesCtr.encrypt(textBytes);
+         var encryptedHex = aesjs.utils.hex.fromBytes(encryptedBytes);
+         return encryptedHex;
+       }
+       function utilAesDecrypt(encryptedHex, key) {
+         key = key || DEFAULT_128;
+         var encryptedBytes = aesjs.utils.hex.toBytes(encryptedHex);
+         var aesCtr = new aesjs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
+         var decryptedBytes = aesCtr.decrypt(encryptedBytes);
+         var text = aesjs.utils.utf8.fromBytes(decryptedBytes);
+         return text;
+       }
 
-           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-             return target.update({
-               members: remote.members
-             });
-           }
+       function utilCleanTags(tags) {
+         var out = {};
 
-           _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.memberlist', {
-             user: user(remote.user)
-           }));
+         for (var k in tags) {
+           if (!k) continue;
+           var v = tags[k];
 
-           return target;
+           if (v !== undefined) {
+             out[k] = cleanValue(k, v);
+           }
          }
 
-         function mergeTags(base, remote, target) {
-           if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.tags, remote.tags)) {
-             return target;
+         return out;
+
+         function cleanValue(k, v) {
+           function keepSpaces(k) {
+             return /_hours|_times|:conditional$/.test(k);
            }
 
-           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-             return target.update({
-               tags: remote.tags
-             });
+           function skip(k) {
+             return /^(description|note|fixme)$/.test(k);
            }
 
-           var ccount = _conflicts.length;
-           var o = base.tags || {};
-           var a = target.tags || {};
-           var b = remote.tags || {};
-           var keys = utilArrayUnion(utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(o), Object.keys(a)), Object.keys(b)).filter(function (k) {
-             return !discardTags[k];
-           });
-           var tags = Object.assign({}, a); // shallow copy
+           if (skip(k)) return v;
+           var cleaned = v.split(';').map(function (s) {
+             return s.trim();
+           }).join(keepSpaces(k) ? '; ' : ';'); // The code below is not intended to validate websites and emails.
+           // It is only intended to prevent obvious copy-paste errors. (#2323)
+           // clean website- and email-like tags
 
-           var changed = false;
+           if (k.indexOf('website') !== -1 || k.indexOf('email') !== -1 || cleaned.indexOf('http') === 0) {
+             cleaned = cleaned.replace(/[\u200B-\u200F\uFEFF]/g, ''); // strip LRM and other zero width chars
+           }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-             var k = keys[i];
+           return cleaned;
+         }
+       }
 
-             if (o[k] !== b[k] && a[k] !== b[k]) {
-               // changed remotely..
-               if (o[k] !== a[k]) {
-                 // changed locally..
-                 _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.tags', {
-                   tag: k,
-                   local: a[k],
-                   remote: b[k],
-                   user: user(remote.user)
-                 }));
-               } else {
-                 // unchanged locally, accept remote change..
-                 if (b.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
-                   tags[k] = b[k];
-                 } else {
-                   delete tags[k];
-                 }
+       var _detected;
 
-                 changed = true;
-               }
-             }
-           }
+       function utilDetect(refresh) {
+         if (_detected && !refresh) return _detected;
+         _detected = {};
+         var ua = navigator.userAgent;
+         var m = null;
+         /* Browser */
 
-           return changed && _conflicts.length === ccount ? target.update({
-             tags: tags
-           }) : target;
-         } //  `graph.base()` is the common ancestor of the two graphs.
-         //  `localGraph` contains user's edits up to saving
-         //  `remoteGraph` contains remote edits to modified nodes
-         //  `graph` must be a descendent of `localGraph` and may include
-         //      some conflict resolution actions performed on it.
-         //
-         //                  --- ... --- `localGraph` -- ... -- `graph`
-         //                 /
-         //  `graph.base()` --- ... --- `remoteGraph`
-         //
+         m = ua.match(/(edge)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i); // Edge
 
+         if (m !== null) {
+           _detected.browser = m[1];
+           _detected.version = m[2];
+         }
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var updates = {
-             replacements: [],
-             removeIds: []
-           };
-           var base = graph.base().entities[id];
-           var local = localGraph.entity(id);
-           var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);
-           var target = osmEntity(local, {
-             version: remote.version
-           }); // delete/undelete
+         if (!_detected.browser) {
+           m = ua.match(/Trident\/.*rv:([0-9]{1,}[\.0-9]{0,})/i); // IE11
 
-           if (!remote.visible) {
-             if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-               return actionDeleteMultiple([id])(graph);
-             } else if (_option === 'force_local') {
-               if (target.type === 'way') {
-                 target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUniq(local.nodes), updates, graph);
-                 graph = updateChildren(updates, graph);
-               }
+           if (m !== null) {
+             _detected.browser = 'msie';
+             _detected.version = m[1];
+           }
+         }
 
-               return graph.replace(target);
-             } else {
-               _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', {
-                 user: user(remote.user)
-               }));
+         if (!_detected.browser) {
+           m = ua.match(/(opr)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i); // Opera 15+
 
-               return graph; // do nothing
-             }
-           } // merge
+           if (m !== null) {
+             _detected.browser = 'Opera';
+             _detected.version = m[2];
+           }
+         }
 
+         if (!_detected.browser) {
+           m = ua.match(/(opera|chrome|safari|firefox|msie)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i);
 
-           if (target.type === 'node') {
-             target = mergeLocation(remote, target);
-           } else if (target.type === 'way') {
-             // pull in any child nodes that may not be present locally..
-             graph.rebase(remoteGraph.childNodes(remote), [graph], false);
-             target = mergeNodes(base, remote, target);
-             target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes), updates, graph);
-           } else if (target.type === 'relation') {
-             target = mergeMembers(remote, target);
+           if (m !== null) {
+             _detected.browser = m[1];
+             _detected.version = m[2];
+             m = ua.match(/version\/([\.\d]+)/i);
+             if (m !== null) _detected.version = m[1];
            }
+         }
 
-           target = mergeTags(base, remote, target);
+         if (!_detected.browser) {
+           _detected.browser = navigator.appName;
+           _detected.version = navigator.appVersion;
+         } // keep major.minor version only..
 
-           if (!_conflicts.length) {
-             graph = updateChildren(updates, graph).replace(target);
-           }
 
-           return graph;
-         };
+         _detected.version = _detected.version.split(/\W/).slice(0, 2).join('.'); // detect other browser capabilities
+         // Legacy Opera has incomplete svg style support. See #715
 
-         action.withOption = function (opt) {
-           _option = opt;
-           return action;
-         };
+         _detected.opera = _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'opera' && parseFloat(_detected.version) < 15;
 
-         action.conflicts = function () {
-           return _conflicts;
-         };
+         if (_detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'msie') {
+           _detected.ie = true;
+           _detected.browser = 'Internet Explorer';
+           _detected.support = parseFloat(_detected.version) >= 11;
+         } else {
+           _detected.ie = false;
+           _detected.support = true;
+         }
 
-         return action;
-       }
+         _detected.filedrop = window.FileReader && 'ondrop' in window;
+         _detected.download = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');
+         _detected.cssfilters = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');
+         /* Platform */
 
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MoveNodeAction.as
+         if (/Win/.test(ua)) {
+           _detected.os = 'win';
+           _detected.platform = 'Windows';
+         } else if (/Mac/.test(ua)) {
+           _detected.os = 'mac';
+           _detected.platform = 'Macintosh';
+         } else if (/X11/.test(ua) || /Linux/.test(ua)) {
+           _detected.os = 'linux';
+           _detected.platform = 'Linux';
+         } else {
+           _detected.os = 'win';
+           _detected.platform = 'Unknown';
+         }
 
-       function actionMove(moveIDs, tryDelta, projection, cache) {
-         var _delta = tryDelta;
+         _detected.isMobileWebKit = (/\b(iPad|iPhone|iPod)\b/.test(ua) || // HACK: iPadOS 13+ requests desktop sites by default by using a Mac user agent,
+         // so assume any "mac" with multitouch is actually iOS
+         navigator.platform === 'MacIntel' && 'maxTouchPoints' in navigator && navigator.maxTouchPoints > 1) && /WebKit/.test(ua) && !/Edge/.test(ua) && !window.MSStream;
+         /* Locale */
+         // An array of locales requested by the browser in priority order.
 
-         function setupCache(graph) {
-           function canMove(nodeID) {
-             // Allow movement of any node that is in the selectedIDs list..
-             if (moveIDs.indexOf(nodeID) !== -1) return true; // Allow movement of a vertex where 2 ways meet..
+         _detected.browserLocales = Array.from(new Set( // remove duplicates
+         [navigator.language].concat(navigator.languages || []).concat([// old property for backwards compatibility
+         navigator.userLanguage]) // remove any undefined values
+         .filter(Boolean)));
+         /* Host */
 
-             var parents = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeID));
-             if (parents.length < 3) return true; // Restrict movement of a vertex where >2 ways meet, unless all parentWays are moving too..
+         var loc = window.top.location;
+         var origin = loc.origin;
 
-             var parentsMoving = parents.every(function (way) {
-               return cache.moving[way.id];
-             });
-             if (!parentsMoving) delete cache.moving[nodeID];
-             return parentsMoving;
-           }
+         if (!origin) {
+           // for unpatched IE11
+           origin = loc.protocol + '//' + loc.hostname + (loc.port ? ':' + loc.port : '');
+         }
 
-           function cacheEntities(ids) {
-             for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-               var id = ids[i];
-               if (cache.moving[id]) continue;
-               cache.moving[id] = true;
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-               if (!entity) continue;
+         _detected.host = origin + loc.pathname;
+         return _detected;
+       }
 
-               if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                 cache.nodes.push(id);
-                 cache.startLoc[id] = entity.loc;
-               } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                 cache.ways.push(id);
-                 cacheEntities(entity.nodes);
-               } else {
-                 cacheEntities(entity.members.map(function (member) {
-                   return member.id;
-                 }));
-               }
+       // Like selection.property('value', ...), but avoids no-op value sets,
+       // which can result in layout/repaint thrashing in some situations.
+       function utilGetSetValue(selection, value) {
+         function d3_selection_value(value) {
+           function valueNull() {
+             delete this.value;
+           }
+
+           function valueConstant() {
+             if (this.value !== value) {
+               this.value = value;
              }
            }
 
-           function cacheIntersections(ids) {
-             function isEndpoint(way, id) {
-               return !way.isClosed() && !!way.affix(id);
+           function valueFunction() {
+             var x = value.apply(this, arguments);
+
+             if (x === null || x === undefined) {
+               delete this.value;
+             } else if (this.value !== x) {
+               this.value = x;
              }
+           }
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-               var id = ids[i]; // consider only intersections with 1 moved and 1 unmoved way.
+           return value === null || value === undefined ? valueNull : typeof value === 'function' ? valueFunction : valueConstant;
+         }
 
-               var childNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(id));
+         if (arguments.length === 1) {
+           return selection.property('value');
+         }
 
-               for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
-                 var node = childNodes[j];
-                 var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
-                 if (parents.length !== 2) continue;
-                 var moved = graph.entity(id);
-                 var unmoved = null;
+         return selection.each(d3_selection_value(value));
+       }
 
-                 for (var k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
-                   var way = parents[k];
+       function utilKeybinding(namespace) {
+         var _keybindings = {};
 
-                   if (!cache.moving[way.id]) {
-                     unmoved = way;
-                     break;
-                   }
-                 }
+         function testBindings(d3_event, isCapturing) {
+           var didMatch = false;
+           var bindings = Object.keys(_keybindings).map(function (id) {
+             return _keybindings[id];
+           });
+           var i, binding; // Most key shortcuts will accept either lower or uppercase ('h' or 'H'),
+           // so we don't strictly match on the shift key, but we prioritize
+           // shifted keybindings first, and fallback to unshifted only if no match.
+           // (This lets us differentiate between '←'/'⇧←' or '⌘Z'/'⌘⇧Z')
+           // priority match shifted keybindings first
 
-                 if (!unmoved) continue; // exclude ways that are overly connected..
+           for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
+             binding = bindings[i];
+             if (!binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) continue; // no shift
 
-                 if (utilArrayIntersection(moved.nodes, unmoved.nodes).length > 2) continue;
-                 if (moved.isArea() || unmoved.isArea()) continue;
-                 cache.intersections.push({
-                   nodeId: node.id,
-                   movedId: moved.id,
-                   unmovedId: unmoved.id,
-                   movedIsEP: isEndpoint(moved, node.id),
-                   unmovedIsEP: isEndpoint(unmoved, node.id)
-                 });
-               }
+             if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) continue;
+
+             if (matches(d3_event, binding, true)) {
+               binding.callback(d3_event);
+               didMatch = true; // match a max of one binding per event
+
+               break;
              }
            }
 
-           if (!cache) {
-             cache = {};
-           }
+           if (didMatch) return; // then unshifted keybindings
 
-           if (!cache.ok) {
-             cache.moving = {};
-             cache.intersections = [];
-             cache.replacedVertex = {};
-             cache.startLoc = {};
-             cache.nodes = [];
-             cache.ways = [];
-             cacheEntities(moveIDs);
-             cacheIntersections(cache.ways);
-             cache.nodes = cache.nodes.filter(canMove);
-             cache.ok = true;
+           for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
+             binding = bindings[i];
+             if (binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) continue; // shift
+
+             if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) continue;
+
+             if (matches(d3_event, binding, false)) {
+               binding.callback(d3_event);
+               break;
+             }
            }
-         } // Place a vertex where the moved vertex used to be, to preserve way shape..
-         //
-         //  Start:
-         //      b ---- e
-         //     / \
-         //    /   \
-         //   /     \
-         //  a       c
-         //
-         //      *               node '*' added to preserve shape
-         //     / \
-         //    /   b ---- e      way `b,e` moved here:
-         //   /     \
-         //  a       c
-         //
-         //
 
+           function matches(d3_event, binding, testShift) {
+             var event = d3_event;
+             var isMatch = false;
+             var tryKeyCode = true; // Prefer a match on `KeyboardEvent.key`
 
-         function replaceMovedVertex(nodeId, wayId, graph, delta) {
-           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-           var moved = graph.entity(nodeId);
-           var movedIndex = way.nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
-           var len, prevIndex, nextIndex;
+             if (event.key !== undefined) {
+               tryKeyCode = event.key.charCodeAt(0) > 255; // outside ISO-Latin-1
 
-           if (way.isClosed()) {
-             len = way.nodes.length - 1;
-             prevIndex = (movedIndex + len - 1) % len;
-             nextIndex = (movedIndex + len + 1) % len;
-           } else {
-             len = way.nodes.length;
-             prevIndex = movedIndex - 1;
-             nextIndex = movedIndex + 1;
-           }
+               isMatch = true;
 
-           var prev = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[prevIndex]);
-           var next = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[nextIndex]); // Don't add orig vertex at endpoint..
+               if (binding.event.key === undefined) {
+                 isMatch = false;
+               } else if (Array.isArray(binding.event.key)) {
+                 if (binding.event.key.map(function (s) {
+                   return s.toLowerCase();
+                 }).indexOf(event.key.toLowerCase()) === -1) {
+                   isMatch = false;
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 if (event.key.toLowerCase() !== binding.event.key.toLowerCase()) {
+                   isMatch = false;
+                 }
+               }
+             } // Fallback match on `KeyboardEvent.keyCode`, can happen if:
+             // - browser doesn't support `KeyboardEvent.key`
+             // - `KeyboardEvent.key` is outside ISO-Latin-1 range (cyrillic?)
 
-           if (!prev || !next) return graph;
-           var key = wayId + '_' + nodeId;
-           var orig = cache.replacedVertex[key];
 
-           if (!orig) {
-             orig = osmNode();
-             cache.replacedVertex[key] = orig;
-             cache.startLoc[orig.id] = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
+             if (!isMatch && tryKeyCode) {
+               isMatch = event.keyCode === binding.event.keyCode;
+             }
+
+             if (!isMatch) return false; // test modifier keys
+
+             if (!(event.ctrlKey && event.altKey)) {
+               // if both are set, assume AltGr and skip it - #4096
+               if (event.ctrlKey !== binding.event.modifiers.ctrlKey) return false;
+               if (event.altKey !== binding.event.modifiers.altKey) return false;
+             }
+
+             if (event.metaKey !== binding.event.modifiers.metaKey) return false;
+             if (testShift && event.shiftKey !== binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) return false;
+             return true;
            }
+         }
 
-           var start, end;
+         function capture(d3_event) {
+           testBindings(d3_event, true);
+         }
 
-           if (delta) {
-             start = projection(cache.startLoc[nodeId]);
-             end = projection.invert(geoVecAdd(start, delta));
-           } else {
-             end = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
+         function bubble(d3_event) {
+           var tagName = select(d3_event.target).node().tagName;
+
+           if (tagName === 'INPUT' || tagName === 'SELECT' || tagName === 'TEXTAREA') {
+             return;
            }
 
-           orig = orig.move(end);
-           var angle = Math.abs(geoAngle(orig, prev, projection) - geoAngle(orig, next, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI; // Don't add orig vertex if it would just make a straight line..
+           testBindings(d3_event, false);
+         }
 
-           if (angle > 175 && angle < 185) return graph; // moving forward or backward along way?
+         function keybinding(selection) {
+           selection = selection || select(document);
+           selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, capture, true);
+           selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, bubble, false);
+           return keybinding;
+         } // was: keybinding.off()
 
-           var p1 = [prev.loc, orig.loc, moved.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
-           var p2 = [prev.loc, moved.loc, orig.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
-           var d1 = geoPathLength(p1);
-           var d2 = geoPathLength(p2);
-           var insertAt = d1 <= d2 ? movedIndex : nextIndex; // moving around closed loop?
 
-           if (way.isClosed() && insertAt === 0) insertAt = len;
-           way = way.addNode(orig.id, insertAt);
-           return graph.replace(orig).replace(way);
-         } // Remove duplicate vertex that might have been added by
-         // replaceMovedVertex.  This is done after the unzorro checks.
+         keybinding.unbind = function (selection) {
+           _keybindings = [];
+           selection = selection || select(document);
+           selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, null);
+           selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, null);
+           return keybinding;
+         };
 
+         keybinding.clear = function () {
+           _keybindings = {};
+           return keybinding;
+         }; // Remove one or more keycode bindings.
 
-         function removeDuplicateVertices(wayId, graph) {
-           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-           var epsilon = 1e-6;
-           var prev, curr;
 
-           function isInteresting(node, graph) {
-             return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 || graph.parentRelations(node).length || node.hasInterestingTags();
+         keybinding.off = function (codes, capture) {
+           var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+             var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
+             delete _keybindings[id];
            }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
-             curr = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);
+           return keybinding;
+         }; // Add one or more keycode bindings.
 
-             if (prev && curr && geoVecEqual(prev.loc, curr.loc, epsilon)) {
-               if (!isInteresting(prev, graph)) {
-                 way = way.removeNode(prev.id);
-                 graph = graph.replace(way).remove(prev);
-               } else if (!isInteresting(curr, graph)) {
-                 way = way.removeNode(curr.id);
-                 graph = graph.replace(way).remove(curr);
-               }
-             }
 
-             prev = curr;
+         keybinding.on = function (codes, callback, capture) {
+           if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
+             return keybinding.off(codes, capture);
            }
 
-           return graph;
-         } // Reorder nodes around intersections that have moved..
-         //
-         //  Start:                way1.nodes: b,e         (moving)
-         //  a - b - c ----- d     way2.nodes: a,b,c,d     (static)
-         //      |                 vertex: b
-         //      e                 isEP1: true,  isEP2, false
-         //
-         //  way1 `b,e` moved here:
-         //  a ----- c = b - d
-         //              |
-         //              e
-         //
-         //  reorder nodes         way1.nodes: b,e
-         //  a ----- c - b - d     way2.nodes: a,c,b,d
-         //              |
-         //              e
-         //
+           var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+             var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
+             var binding = {
+               id: id,
+               capture: capture,
+               callback: callback,
+               event: {
+                 key: undefined,
+                 // preferred
+                 keyCode: 0,
+                 // fallback
+                 modifiers: {
+                   shiftKey: false,
+                   ctrlKey: false,
+                   altKey: false,
+                   metaKey: false
+                 }
+               }
+             };
 
-         function unZorroIntersection(intersection, graph) {
-           var vertex = graph.entity(intersection.nodeId);
-           var way1 = graph.entity(intersection.movedId);
-           var way2 = graph.entity(intersection.unmovedId);
-           var isEP1 = intersection.movedIsEP;
-           var isEP2 = intersection.unmovedIsEP; // don't move the vertex if it is the endpoint of both ways.
+             if (_keybindings[id]) {
+               console.warn('warning: duplicate keybinding for "' + id + '"'); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+             }
 
-           if (isEP1 && isEP2) return graph;
-           var nodes1 = graph.childNodes(way1).filter(function (n) {
-             return n !== vertex;
-           });
-           var nodes2 = graph.childNodes(way2).filter(function (n) {
-             return n !== vertex;
-           });
-           if (way1.isClosed() && way1.first() === vertex.id) nodes1.push(nodes1[0]);
-           if (way2.isClosed() && way2.first() === vertex.id) nodes2.push(nodes2[0]);
-           var edge1 = !isEP1 && geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
-           var edge2 = !isEP2 && geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
-           var loc; // snap vertex to nearest edge (or some point between them)..
+             _keybindings[id] = binding;
+             var matches = arr[i].toLowerCase().match(/(?:(?:[^+⇧⌃⌥⌘])+|[⇧⌃⌥⌘]|\+\+|^\+$)/g);
 
-           if (!isEP1 && !isEP2) {
-             var epsilon = 1e-6,
-                 maxIter = 10;
+             for (var j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
+               // Normalise matching errors
+               if (matches[j] === '++') matches[j] = '+';
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < maxIter; i++) {
-               loc = geoVecInterp(edge1.loc, edge2.loc, 0.5);
-               edge1 = geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(loc), projection);
-               edge2 = geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(loc), projection);
-               if (Math.abs(edge1.distance - edge2.distance) < epsilon) break;
+               if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.modifierCodes) {
+                 var prop = utilKeybinding.modifierProperties[utilKeybinding.modifierCodes[matches[j]]];
+                 binding.event.modifiers[prop] = true;
+               } else {
+                 binding.event.key = utilKeybinding.keys[matches[j]] || matches[j];
+
+                 if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.keyCodes) {
+                   binding.event.keyCode = utilKeybinding.keyCodes[matches[j]];
+                 }
+               }
              }
-           } else if (!isEP1) {
-             loc = edge1.loc;
-           } else {
-             loc = edge2.loc;
            }
 
-           graph = graph.replace(vertex.move(loc)); // if zorro happened, reorder nodes..
-
-           if (!isEP1 && edge1.index !== way1.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
-             way1 = way1.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge1.index);
-             graph = graph.replace(way1);
-           }
+           return keybinding;
+         };
 
-           if (!isEP2 && edge2.index !== way2.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
-             way2 = way2.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge2.index);
-             graph = graph.replace(way2);
-           }
+         return keybinding;
+       }
+       /*
+        * See https://github.com/keithamus/jwerty
+        */
 
-           return graph;
-         }
+       utilKeybinding.modifierCodes = {
+         // Shift key, ⇧
+         '⇧': 16,
+         shift: 16,
+         // CTRL key, on Mac: ⌃
+         '⌃': 17,
+         ctrl: 17,
+         // ALT key, on Mac: ⌥ (Alt)
+         '⌥': 18,
+         alt: 18,
+         option: 18,
+         // META, on Mac: ⌘ (CMD), on Windows (Win), on Linux (Super)
+         '⌘': 91,
+         meta: 91,
+         cmd: 91,
+         'super': 91,
+         win: 91
+       };
+       utilKeybinding.modifierProperties = {
+         16: 'shiftKey',
+         17: 'ctrlKey',
+         18: 'altKey',
+         91: 'metaKey'
+       };
+       utilKeybinding.plusKeys = ['plus', 'ffplus', '=', 'ffequals', '≠', '±'];
+       utilKeybinding.minusKeys = ['_', '-', 'ffminus', 'dash', '–', '—'];
+       utilKeybinding.keys = {
+         // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
+         '⌫': 'Backspace',
+         backspace: 'Backspace',
+         // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
+         '⇥': 'Tab',
+         '⇆': 'Tab',
+         tab: 'Tab',
+         // Return key, ↩
+         '↩': 'Enter',
+         '↵': 'Enter',
+         '⏎': 'Enter',
+         'return': 'Enter',
+         enter: 'Enter',
+         '⌅': 'Enter',
+         // Pause/Break key
+         'pause': 'Pause',
+         'pause-break': 'Pause',
+         // Caps Lock key, ⇪
+         '⇪': 'CapsLock',
+         caps: 'CapsLock',
+         'caps-lock': 'CapsLock',
+         // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
+         '⎋': ['Escape', 'Esc'],
+         escape: ['Escape', 'Esc'],
+         esc: ['Escape', 'Esc'],
+         // Space key
+         space: [' ', 'Spacebar'],
+         // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
+         '↖': 'PageUp',
+         pgup: 'PageUp',
+         'page-up': 'PageUp',
+         // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
+         '↘': 'PageDown',
+         pgdown: 'PageDown',
+         'page-down': 'PageDown',
+         // END key, on Mac: ⇟
+         '⇟': 'End',
+         end: 'End',
+         // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
+         '⇞': 'Home',
+         home: 'Home',
+         // Insert key, or ins
+         ins: 'Insert',
+         insert: 'Insert',
+         // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
+         '⌦': ['Delete', 'Del'],
+         del: ['Delete', 'Del'],
+         'delete': ['Delete', 'Del'],
+         // Left Arrow Key, or ←
+         '←': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
+         left: ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
+         'arrow-left': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
+         // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
+         '↑': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
+         up: ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
+         'arrow-up': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
+         // Right Arrow Key, or →
+         '→': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
+         right: ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
+         'arrow-right': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
+         // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
+         '↓': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
+         down: ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
+         'arrow-down': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
+         // odities, stuff for backward compatibility (browsers and code):
+         // Num-Multiply, or *
+         '*': ['*', 'Multiply'],
+         star: ['*', 'Multiply'],
+         asterisk: ['*', 'Multiply'],
+         multiply: ['*', 'Multiply'],
+         // Num-Plus or +
+         '+': ['+', 'Add'],
+         'plus': ['+', 'Add'],
+         // Num-Subtract, or -
+         '-': ['-', 'Subtract'],
+         subtract: ['-', 'Subtract'],
+         'dash': ['-', 'Subtract'],
+         // Semicolon
+         semicolon: ';',
+         // = or equals
+         equals: '=',
+         // Comma, or ,
+         comma: ',',
+         // Period, or ., or full-stop
+         period: '.',
+         'full-stop': '.',
+         // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
+         slash: '/',
+         'forward-slash': '/',
+         // Tick, or `, or back-quote
+         tick: '`',
+         'back-quote': '`',
+         // Open bracket, or [
+         'open-bracket': '[',
+         // Back slash, or \
+         'back-slash': '\\',
+         // Close backet, or ]
+         'close-bracket': ']',
+         // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
+         quote: '\'',
+         apostrophe: '\'',
+         // NUMPAD 0-9
+         'num-0': '0',
+         'num-1': '1',
+         'num-2': '2',
+         'num-3': '3',
+         'num-4': '4',
+         'num-5': '5',
+         'num-6': '6',
+         'num-7': '7',
+         'num-8': '8',
+         'num-9': '9',
+         // F1-F25
+         f1: 'F1',
+         f2: 'F2',
+         f3: 'F3',
+         f4: 'F4',
+         f5: 'F5',
+         f6: 'F6',
+         f7: 'F7',
+         f8: 'F8',
+         f9: 'F9',
+         f10: 'F10',
+         f11: 'F11',
+         f12: 'F12',
+         f13: 'F13',
+         f14: 'F14',
+         f15: 'F15',
+         f16: 'F16',
+         f17: 'F17',
+         f18: 'F18',
+         f19: 'F19',
+         f20: 'F20',
+         f21: 'F21',
+         f22: 'F22',
+         f23: 'F23',
+         f24: 'F24',
+         f25: 'F25'
+       };
+       utilKeybinding.keyCodes = {
+         // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
+         '⌫': 8,
+         backspace: 8,
+         // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
+         '⇥': 9,
+         '⇆': 9,
+         tab: 9,
+         // Return key, ↩
+         '↩': 13,
+         '↵': 13,
+         '⏎': 13,
+         'return': 13,
+         enter: 13,
+         '⌅': 13,
+         // Pause/Break key
+         'pause': 19,
+         'pause-break': 19,
+         // Caps Lock key, ⇪
+         '⇪': 20,
+         caps: 20,
+         'caps-lock': 20,
+         // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
+         '⎋': 27,
+         escape: 27,
+         esc: 27,
+         // Space key
+         space: 32,
+         // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
+         '↖': 33,
+         pgup: 33,
+         'page-up': 33,
+         // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
+         '↘': 34,
+         pgdown: 34,
+         'page-down': 34,
+         // END key, on Mac: ⇟
+         '⇟': 35,
+         end: 35,
+         // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
+         '⇞': 36,
+         home: 36,
+         // Insert key, or ins
+         ins: 45,
+         insert: 45,
+         // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
+         '⌦': 46,
+         del: 46,
+         'delete': 46,
+         // Left Arrow Key, or ←
+         '←': 37,
+         left: 37,
+         'arrow-left': 37,
+         // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
+         '↑': 38,
+         up: 38,
+         'arrow-up': 38,
+         // Right Arrow Key, or →
+         '→': 39,
+         right: 39,
+         'arrow-right': 39,
+         // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
+         '↓': 40,
+         down: 40,
+         'arrow-down': 40,
+         // odities, printing characters that come out wrong:
+         // Firefox Equals
+         'ffequals': 61,
+         // Num-Multiply, or *
+         '*': 106,
+         star: 106,
+         asterisk: 106,
+         multiply: 106,
+         // Num-Plus or +
+         '+': 107,
+         'plus': 107,
+         // Num-Subtract, or -
+         '-': 109,
+         subtract: 109,
+         // Vertical Bar / Pipe
+         '|': 124,
+         // Firefox Plus
+         'ffplus': 171,
+         // Firefox Minus
+         'ffminus': 173,
+         // Semicolon
+         ';': 186,
+         semicolon: 186,
+         // = or equals
+         '=': 187,
+         'equals': 187,
+         // Comma, or ,
+         ',': 188,
+         comma: 188,
+         // Dash / Underscore key
+         'dash': 189,
+         // Period, or ., or full-stop
+         '.': 190,
+         period: 190,
+         'full-stop': 190,
+         // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
+         '/': 191,
+         slash: 191,
+         'forward-slash': 191,
+         // Tick, or `, or back-quote
+         '`': 192,
+         tick: 192,
+         'back-quote': 192,
+         // Open bracket, or [
+         '[': 219,
+         'open-bracket': 219,
+         // Back slash, or \
+         '\\': 220,
+         'back-slash': 220,
+         // Close backet, or ]
+         ']': 221,
+         'close-bracket': 221,
+         // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
+         '\'': 222,
+         quote: 222,
+         apostrophe: 222
+       }; // NUMPAD 0-9
 
-         function cleanupIntersections(graph) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
-             var obj = cache.intersections[i];
-             graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.movedId, graph, _delta);
-             graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.unmovedId, graph, null);
-             graph = unZorroIntersection(obj, graph);
-             graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.movedId, graph);
-             graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.unmovedId, graph);
-           }
+       var i = 95,
+           n = 0;
 
-           return graph;
-         } // check if moving way endpoint can cross an unmoved way, if so limit delta..
+       while (++i < 106) {
+         utilKeybinding.keyCodes['num-' + n] = i;
+         ++n;
+       } // 0-9
 
 
-         function limitDelta(graph) {
-           function moveNode(loc) {
-             return geoVecAdd(projection(loc), _delta);
-           }
+       i = 47;
+       n = 0;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
-             var obj = cache.intersections[i]; // Don't limit movement if this is vertex joins 2 endpoints..
+       while (++i < 58) {
+         utilKeybinding.keyCodes[n] = i;
+         ++n;
+       } // F1-F25
 
-             if (obj.movedIsEP && obj.unmovedIsEP) continue; // Don't limit movement if this vertex is not an endpoint anyway..
 
-             if (!obj.movedIsEP) continue;
-             var node = graph.entity(obj.nodeId);
-             var start = projection(node.loc);
-             var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
-             var movedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.movedId));
-             var movedPath = movedNodes.map(function (n) {
-               return moveNode(n.loc);
-             });
-             var unmovedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.unmovedId));
-             var unmovedPath = unmovedNodes.map(function (n) {
-               return projection(n.loc);
-             });
-             var hits = geoPathIntersections(movedPath, unmovedPath);
+       i = 111;
+       n = 1;
 
-             for (var j = 0; i < hits.length; i++) {
-               if (geoVecEqual(hits[j], end)) continue;
-               var edge = geoChooseEdge(unmovedNodes, end, projection);
-               _delta = geoVecSubtract(projection(edge.loc), start);
-             }
-           }
-         }
+       while (++i < 136) {
+         utilKeybinding.keyCodes['f' + n] = i;
+         ++n;
+       } // a-z
 
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           if (_delta[0] === 0 && _delta[1] === 0) return graph;
-           setupCache(graph);
 
-           if (cache.intersections.length) {
-             limitDelta(graph);
-           }
+       i = 64;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < cache.nodes.length; i++) {
-             var node = graph.entity(cache.nodes[i]);
-             var start = projection(node.loc);
-             var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
-             graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(end)));
-           }
+       while (++i < 91) {
+         utilKeybinding.keyCodes[String.fromCharCode(i).toLowerCase()] = i;
+       }
 
-           if (cache.intersections.length) {
-             graph = cleanupIntersections(graph);
+       function utilObjectOmit(obj, omitKeys) {
+         return Object.keys(obj).reduce(function (result, key) {
+           if (omitKeys.indexOf(key) === -1) {
+             result[key] = obj[key]; // keep
            }
 
-           return graph;
-         };
-
-         action.delta = function () {
-           return _delta;
-         };
-
-         return action;
+           return result;
+         }, {});
        }
 
-       function actionMoveMember(relationId, fromIndex, toIndex) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).moveMember(fromIndex, toIndex));
-         };
-       }
+       // Copies a variable number of methods from source to target.
+       function utilRebind(target, source) {
+         var i = 1,
+             n = arguments.length,
+             method;
 
-       function actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc) {
-         var action = function action(graph, t) {
-           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
-           var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
-           return graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, toLoc, t)));
-         };
+         while (++i < n) {
+           target[method = arguments[i]] = d3_rebind(target, source, source[method]);
+         }
 
-         action.transitionable = true;
-         return action;
-       }
+         return target;
+       } // Method is assumed to be a standard D3 getter-setter:
+       // If passed with no arguments, gets the value.
+       // If passed with arguments, sets the value and returns the target.
 
-       function actionNoop() {
-         return function (graph) {
-           return graph;
+       function d3_rebind(target, source, method) {
+         return function () {
+           var value = method.apply(source, arguments);
+           return value === source ? target : value;
          };
        }
 
-       function actionOrthogonalize(wayID, projection, vertexID, degThresh, ep) {
-         var epsilon = ep || 1e-4;
-         var threshold = degThresh || 13; // degrees within right or straight to alter
-         // We test normalized dot products so we can compare as cos(angle)
-
-         var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
-         var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);
+       // A per-domain session mutex backed by a cookie and dead man's
+       // switch. If the session crashes, the mutex will auto-release
+       // after 5 seconds.
+       // This accepts a string and returns an object that complies with utilSessionMutexType
+       function utilSessionMutex(name) {
+         var mutex = {};
+         var intervalID;
 
-         var action = function action(graph, t) {
-           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
-           var way = graph.entity(wayID);
-           way = way.removeNode(''); // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates
+         function renew() {
+           var expires = new Date();
+           expires.setSeconds(expires.getSeconds() + 5);
+           document.cookie = name + '=1; expires=' + expires.toUTCString() + '; sameSite=strict';
+         }
 
-           if (way.tags.nonsquare) {
-             var tags = Object.assign({}, way.tags); // since we're squaring, remove indication that this is physically unsquare
+         mutex.lock = function () {
+           if (intervalID) return true;
+           var cookie = document.cookie.replace(new RegExp('(?:(?:^|.*;)\\s*' + name + '\\s*\\=\\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$'), '$1');
+           if (cookie) return false;
+           renew();
+           intervalID = window.setInterval(renew, 4000);
+           return true;
+         };
 
-             delete tags.nonsquare;
-             way = way.update({
-               tags: tags
-             });
-           }
+         mutex.unlock = function () {
+           if (!intervalID) return;
+           document.cookie = name + '=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; sameSite=strict';
+           clearInterval(intervalID);
+           intervalID = null;
+         };
 
-           graph = graph.replace(way);
-           var isClosed = way.isClosed();
-           var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice(); // shallow copy
+         mutex.locked = function () {
+           return !!intervalID;
+         };
 
-           if (isClosed) nodes.pop();
+         return mutex;
+       }
 
-           if (vertexID !== undefined) {
-             nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
-             if (nodes.length !== 3) return graph;
-           } // note: all geometry functions here use the unclosed node/point/coord list
+       function utilTiler() {
+         var _size = [256, 256];
+         var _scale = 256;
+         var _tileSize = 256;
+         var _zoomExtent = [0, 20];
+         var _translate = [_size[0] / 2, _size[1] / 2];
+         var _margin = 0;
+         var _skipNullIsland = false;
 
+         function clamp(num, min, max) {
+           return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
+         }
 
-           var nodeCount = {};
-           var points = [];
-           var corner = {
-             i: 0,
-             dotp: 1
-           };
-           var node, point, loc, score, motions, i, j;
+         function nearNullIsland(tile) {
+           var x = tile[0];
+           var y = tile[1];
+           var z = tile[2];
 
-           for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-             node = nodes[i];
-             nodeCount[node.id] = (nodeCount[node.id] || 0) + 1;
-             points.push({
-               id: node.id,
-               coord: projection(node.loc)
-             });
+           if (z >= 7) {
+             var center = Math.pow(2, z - 1);
+             var width = Math.pow(2, z - 6);
+             var min = center - width / 2;
+             var max = center + width / 2 - 1;
+             return x >= min && x <= max && y >= min && y <= max;
            }
 
-           if (points.length === 3) {
-             // move only one vertex for right triangle
-             for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
-               motions = points.map(calcMotion);
-               points[corner.i].coord = geoVecAdd(points[corner.i].coord, motions[corner.i]);
-               score = corner.dotp;
-
-               if (score < epsilon) {
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
-
-             node = graph.entity(nodes[corner.i].id);
-             loc = projection.invert(points[corner.i].coord);
-             graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
-           } else {
-             var straights = [];
-             var simplified = []; // Remove points from nearly straight sections..
-             // This produces a simplified shape to orthogonalize
-
-             for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-               point = points[i];
-               var dotp = 0;
-
-               if (isClosed || i > 0 && i < points.length - 1) {
-                 var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
-                 var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];
-                 dotp = Math.abs(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a.coord, b.coord, point.coord));
-               }
-
-               if (dotp > upperThreshold) {
-                 straights.push(point);
-               } else {
-                 simplified.push(point);
-               }
-             } // Orthogonalize the simplified shape
-
-
-             var bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
-             var originalPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
-             score = Infinity;
-
-             for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
-               motions = simplified.map(calcMotion);
-
-               for (j = 0; j < motions.length; j++) {
-                 simplified[j].coord = geoVecAdd(simplified[j].coord, motions[j]);
-               }
-
-               var newScore = geoOrthoCalcScore(simplified, isClosed, epsilon, threshold);
-
-               if (newScore < score) {
-                 bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
-                 score = newScore;
-               }
-
-               if (score < epsilon) {
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
-
-             var bestCoords = bestPoints.map(function (p) {
-               return p.coord;
-             });
-             if (isClosed) bestCoords.push(bestCoords[0]); // move the nodes that should move
-
-             for (i = 0; i < bestPoints.length; i++) {
-               point = bestPoints[i];
-
-               if (!geoVecEqual(originalPoints[i].coord, point.coord)) {
-                 node = graph.entity(point.id);
-                 loc = projection.invert(point.coord);
-                 graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
-               }
-             } // move the nodes along straight segments
+           return false;
+         }
 
+         function tiler() {
+           var z = geoScaleToZoom(_scale / (2 * Math.PI), _tileSize);
+           var z0 = clamp(Math.round(z), _zoomExtent[0], _zoomExtent[1]);
+           var tileMin = 0;
+           var tileMax = Math.pow(2, z0) - 1;
+           var log2ts = Math.log(_tileSize) * Math.LOG2E;
+           var k = Math.pow(2, z - z0 + log2ts);
+           var origin = [(_translate[0] - _scale / 2) / k, (_translate[1] - _scale / 2) / k];
+           var cols = range$1(clamp(Math.floor(-origin[0]) - _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1), clamp(Math.ceil(_size[0] / k - origin[0]) + _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1));
+           var rows = range$1(clamp(Math.floor(-origin[1]) - _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1), clamp(Math.ceil(_size[1] / k - origin[1]) + _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1));
+           var tiles = [];
 
-             for (i = 0; i < straights.length; i++) {
-               point = straights[i];
-               if (nodeCount[point.id] > 1) continue; // skip self-intersections
+           for (var i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
+             var y = rows[i];
 
-               node = graph.entity(point.id);
+             for (var j = 0; j < cols.length; j++) {
+               var x = cols[j];
 
-               if (t === 1 && graph.parentWays(node).length === 1 && graph.parentRelations(node).length === 0 && !node.hasInterestingTags()) {
-                 // remove uninteresting points..
-                 graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
+               if (i >= _margin && i <= rows.length - _margin && j >= _margin && j <= cols.length - _margin) {
+                 tiles.unshift([x, y, z0]); // tiles in view at beginning
                } else {
-                 // move interesting points to the nearest edge..
-                 var choice = geoVecProject(point.coord, bestCoords);
-
-                 if (choice) {
-                   loc = projection.invert(choice.target);
-                   graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
-                 }
+                 tiles.push([x, y, z0]); // tiles in margin at the end
                }
              }
            }
 
-           return graph;
-
-           function clonePoints(array) {
-             return array.map(function (p) {
-               return {
-                 id: p.id,
-                 coord: [p.coord[0], p.coord[1]]
-               };
-             });
-           }
-
-           function calcMotion(point, i, array) {
-             // don't try to move the endpoints of a non-closed way.
-             if (!isClosed && (i === 0 || i === array.length - 1)) return [0, 0]; // don't try to move a node that appears more than once (self intersection)
-
-             if (nodeCount[array[i].id] > 1) return [0, 0];
-             var a = array[(i - 1 + array.length) % array.length].coord;
-             var origin = point.coord;
-             var b = array[(i + 1) % array.length].coord;
-             var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
-             var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
-             var scale = 2 * Math.min(geoVecLength(p), geoVecLength(q));
-             p = geoVecNormalize(p);
-             q = geoVecNormalize(q);
-             var dotp = p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1];
-             var val = Math.abs(dotp);
-
-             if (val < lowerThreshold) {
-               // nearly orthogonal
-               corner.i = i;
-               corner.dotp = val;
-               var vec = geoVecNormalize(geoVecAdd(p, q));
-               return geoVecScale(vec, 0.1 * dotp * scale);
-             }
-
-             return [0, 0]; // do nothing
-           }
-         }; // if we are only orthogonalizing one vertex,
-         // get that vertex and the previous and next
-
-
-         function nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed) {
-           var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
-           var last = isClosed ? nodes.length : nodes.length - 1;
-
-           for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
-             if (nodes[i].id === vertexID) {
-               return [nodes[(i - 1 + nodes.length) % nodes.length], nodes[i], nodes[(i + 1) % nodes.length]];
-             }
-           }
-
-           return [];
+           tiles.translate = origin;
+           tiles.scale = k;
+           return tiles;
          }
+         /**
+          * getTiles() returns an array of tiles that cover the map view
+          */
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           var way = graph.entity(wayID);
-           way = way.removeNode(''); // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates
-
-           graph = graph.replace(way);
-           var isClosed = way.isClosed();
-           var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice(); // shallow copy
-
-           if (isClosed) nodes.pop();
-           var allowStraightAngles = false;
-
-           if (vertexID !== undefined) {
-             allowStraightAngles = true;
-             nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
-             if (nodes.length !== 3) return 'end_vertex';
-           }
-
-           var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
-           });
-           var score = geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(coords, isClosed, epsilon, threshold, allowStraightAngles);
-
-           if (score === null) {
-             return 'not_squarish';
-           } else if (score === 0) {
-             return 'square_enough';
-           } else {
-             return false;
-           }
-         };
-
-         action.transitionable = true;
-         return action;
-       }
-
-       //
-       // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object
-       // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
-       //
-       // This specifies a restriction of type `restriction` when traveling from
-       // `turn.from.way` toward `turn.to.way` via `turn.via.node` OR `turn.via.ways`.
-       // (The action does not check that these entities form a valid intersection.)
-       //
-       // From, to, and via ways should be split before calling this action.
-       // (old versions of the code would split the ways here, but we no longer do it)
-       //
-       // For testing convenience, accepts a restrictionID to assign to the new
-       // relation. Normally, this will be undefined and the relation will
-       // automatically be assigned a new ID.
-       //
-
-       function actionRestrictTurn(turn, restrictionType, restrictionID) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
-           var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
-           var viaNode = turn.via.node && graph.entity(turn.via.node);
-           var viaWays = turn.via.ways && turn.via.ways.map(function (id) {
-             return graph.entity(id);
-           });
-           var members = [];
-           members.push({
-             id: fromWay.id,
-             type: 'way',
-             role: 'from'
-           });
 
-           if (viaNode) {
-             members.push({
-               id: viaNode.id,
-               type: 'node',
-               role: 'via'
-             });
-           } else if (viaWays) {
-             viaWays.forEach(function (viaWay) {
-               members.push({
-                 id: viaWay.id,
-                 type: 'way',
-                 role: 'via'
-               });
-             });
-           }
+         tiler.getTiles = function (projection) {
+           var origin = [projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[0], projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[1]];
+           this.size(projection.clipExtent()[1]).scale(projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI).translate(projection.translate());
+           var tiles = tiler();
+           var ts = tiles.scale;
+           return tiles.map(function (tile) {
+             if (_skipNullIsland && nearNullIsland(tile)) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-           members.push({
-             id: toWay.id,
-             type: 'way',
-             role: 'to'
-           });
-           return graph.replace(osmRelation({
-             id: restrictionID,
-             tags: {
-               type: 'restriction',
-               restriction: restrictionType
-             },
-             members: members
-           }));
+             var x = tile[0] * ts - origin[0];
+             var y = tile[1] * ts - origin[1];
+             return {
+               id: tile.toString(),
+               xyz: tile,
+               extent: geoExtent(projection.invert([x, y + ts]), projection.invert([x + ts, y]))
+             };
+           }).filter(Boolean);
          };
-       }
-
-       function actionRevert(id) {
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id),
-               base = graph.base().entities[id];
-
-           if (entity && !base) {
-             // entity will be removed..
-             if (entity.type === 'node') {
-               graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (parent) {
-                 parent = parent.removeNode(id);
-                 graph = graph.replace(parent);
-
-                 if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-                   graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
-                 }
-               });
-             }
+         /**
+          * getGeoJSON() returns a FeatureCollection for debugging tiles
+          */
 
-             graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (parent) {
-               parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(id);
-               graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-               if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-                 graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+         tiler.getGeoJSON = function (projection) {
+           var features = tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
+             return {
+               type: 'Feature',
+               properties: {
+                 id: tile.id,
+                 name: tile.id
+               },
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'Polygon',
+                 coordinates: [tile.extent.polygon()]
                }
-             });
-           }
-
-           return graph.revert(id);
+             };
+           });
+           return {
+             type: 'FeatureCollection',
+             features: features
+           };
          };
 
-         return action;
-       }
-
-       function actionRotate(rotateIds, pivot, angle, projection) {
-         var action = function action(graph) {
-           return graph.update(function (graph) {
-             utilGetAllNodes(rotateIds, graph).forEach(function (node) {
-               var point = geoRotate([projection(node.loc)], angle, pivot)[0];
-               graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(point)));
-             });
-           });
+         tiler.tileSize = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tileSize;
+           _tileSize = val;
+           return tiler;
          };
 
-         return action;
-       }
+         tiler.zoomExtent = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _zoomExtent;
+           _zoomExtent = val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
-       function actionScale(ids, pivotLoc, scaleFactor, projection) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           return graph.update(function (graph) {
-             var point, radial;
-             utilGetAllNodes(ids, graph).forEach(function (node) {
-               point = projection(node.loc);
-               radial = [point[0] - pivotLoc[0], point[1] - pivotLoc[1]];
-               point = [pivotLoc[0] + scaleFactor * radial[0], pivotLoc[1] + scaleFactor * radial[1]];
-               graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(point)));
-             });
-           });
+         tiler.size = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _size;
+           _size = val;
+           return tiler;
          };
-       }
 
-       /* Align nodes along their common axis */
+         tiler.scale = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _scale;
+           _scale = val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
-       function actionStraightenNodes(nodeIDs, projection) {
-         function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
-           return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
-         } // returns the endpoints of the long axis of symmetry of the `points` bounding rect
+         tiler.translate = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _translate;
+           _translate = val;
+           return tiler;
+         }; // number to extend the rows/columns beyond those covering the viewport
 
 
-         function getEndpoints(points) {
-           var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points); // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
-           // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
-           // Snap points to the long axis
+         tiler.margin = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _margin;
+           _margin = +val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
-           var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2];
-           var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2];
-           var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2];
-           var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2];
-           var isLong = geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2);
+         tiler.skipNullIsland = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _skipNullIsland;
+           _skipNullIsland = val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
-           if (isLong) {
-             return [p1, q1];
-           }
+         return tiler;
+       }
 
-           return [p2, q2];
-         }
+       function utilTriggerEvent(target, type) {
+         target.each(function () {
+           var evt = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');
+           evt.initEvent(type, true, true);
+           this.dispatchEvent(evt);
+         });
+       }
 
-         var action = function action(graph, t) {
-           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
-           var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function (id) {
-             return graph.entity(id);
-           });
-           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
-           });
-           var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
-           var startPoint = endpoints[0];
-           var endPoint = endpoints[1]; // Move points onto the line connecting the endpoints
+       var _mainLocations = coreLocations(); // singleton
+       // `coreLocations` maintains an internal index of all the boundaries/geofences used by iD.
+       // It's used by presets, community index, background imagery, to know where in the world these things are valid.
+       // These geofences should be defined by `locationSet` objects:
+       //
+       // let locationSet = {
+       //   include: [ Array of locations ],
+       //   exclude: [ Array of locations ]
+       // };
+       //
+       // For more info see the location-conflation and country-coder projects, see:
+       // https://github.com/ideditor/location-conflation
+       // https://github.com/ideditor/country-coder
+       //
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-             var node = nodes[i];
-             var point = points[i];
-             var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
-             var point2 = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
-             var loc2 = projection.invert(point2);
-             graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));
-           }
+       function coreLocations() {
+         var _this = {};
+         var _resolvedFeatures = {}; // cache of *resolved* locationSet features
 
-           return graph;
-         };
+         var _loco = new _default(); // instance of a location-conflation resolver
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function (id) {
-             return graph.entity(id);
-           });
-           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
-           });
-           var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
-           var startPoint = endpoints[0];
-           var endPoint = endpoints[1];
-           var maxDistance = 0;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-             var point = points[i];
-             var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
-             var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
-             var dist = geoVecLength(p, point);
+         var _wp; // instance of a which-polygon index
+         // pre-resolve the worldwide locationSet
 
-             if (!isNaN(dist) && dist > maxDistance) {
-               maxDistance = dist;
-             }
-           }
 
-           if (maxDistance < 0.0001) {
-             return 'straight_enough';
+         var world = {
+           locationSet: {
+             include: ['Q2']
            }
          };
+         resolveLocationSet(world);
+         rebuildIndex();
+         var _queue = [];
 
-         action.transitionable = true;
-         return action;
-       }
+         var _deferred = new Set();
 
-       /*
-        * Based on https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/net/systemeD/potlatch2/tools/Straighten.as
-        */
+         var _inProcess; // Returns a Promise to process the queue
 
-       function actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, projection) {
-         function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
-           return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
-         } // Return all selected ways as a continuous, ordered array of nodes
 
+         function processQueue() {
+           if (!_queue.length) return Promise.resolve(); // console.log(`queue length ${_queue.length}`);
 
-         function allNodes(graph) {
-           var nodes = [];
-           var startNodes = [];
-           var endNodes = [];
-           var remainingWays = [];
-           var selectedWays = selectedIDs.filter(function (w) {
-             return graph.entity(w).type === 'way';
-           });
-           var selectedNodes = selectedIDs.filter(function (n) {
-             return graph.entity(n).type === 'node';
-           });
+           var chunk = _queue.pop();
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < selectedWays.length; i++) {
-             var way = graph.entity(selectedWays[i]);
-             nodes = way.nodes.slice(0);
-             remainingWays.push(nodes);
-             startNodes.push(nodes[0]);
-             endNodes.push(nodes[nodes.length - 1]);
-           } // Remove duplicate end/startNodes (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end,
-           //   and need to be removed so currNode difference calculation below works)
-           // i.e. ["n-1", "n-1", "n-2"] => ["n-2"]
+           return new Promise(function (resolvePromise) {
+             var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+               _deferred["delete"](handle); // const t0 = performance.now();
 
 
-           startNodes = startNodes.filter(function (n) {
-             return startNodes.indexOf(n) === startNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
-           });
-           endNodes = endNodes.filter(function (n) {
-             return endNodes.indexOf(n) === endNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
-           }); // Choose the initial endpoint to start from
+               chunk.forEach(resolveLocationSet); // const t1 = performance.now();
+               // console.log('chunk processed in ' + (t1 - t0) + ' ms');
 
-           var currNode = utilArrayDifference(startNodes, endNodes).concat(utilArrayDifference(endNodes, startNodes))[0];
-           var nextWay = [];
-           nodes = []; // Create nested function outside of loop to avoid "function in loop" lint error
+               resolvePromise();
+             });
 
-           var getNextWay = function getNextWay(currNode, remainingWays) {
-             return remainingWays.filter(function (way) {
-               return way[0] === currNode || way[way.length - 1] === currNode;
-             })[0];
-           }; // Add nodes to end of nodes array, until all ways are added
+             _deferred.add(handle);
+           }).then(function () {
+             return processQueue();
+           });
+         } // Pass an Object with a `locationSet` property,
+         // Performs the locationSet resolution, caches the result, and sets a `locationSetID` property on the object.
 
 
-           while (remainingWays.length) {
-             nextWay = getNextWay(currNode, remainingWays);
-             remainingWays = utilArrayDifference(remainingWays, [nextWay]);
+         function resolveLocationSet(obj) {
+           if (obj.locationSetID) return; // work was done already
 
-             if (nextWay[0] !== currNode) {
-               nextWay.reverse();
-             }
+           try {
+             var locationSet = obj.locationSet;
 
-             nodes = nodes.concat(nextWay);
-             currNode = nodes[nodes.length - 1];
-           } // If user selected 2 nodes to straighten between, then slice nodes array to those nodes
+             if (!locationSet) {
+               throw new Error('object missing locationSet property');
+             }
 
+             if (!locationSet.include) {
+               // missing `include`, default to worldwide include
+               locationSet.include = ['Q2']; // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/pull/8305#discussion_r662344647
+             }
 
-           if (selectedNodes.length === 2) {
-             var startNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[0]);
-             var endNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[1]);
-             var sortedStartEnd = [startNodeIdx, endNodeIdx];
-             sortedStartEnd.sort(function (a, b) {
-               return a - b;
-             });
-             nodes = nodes.slice(sortedStartEnd[0], sortedStartEnd[1] + 1);
-           }
+             var resolved = _loco.resolveLocationSet(locationSet);
 
-           return nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return graph.entity(n);
-           });
-         }
+             var locationSetID = resolved.id;
+             obj.locationSetID = locationSetID;
 
-         function shouldKeepNode(node, graph) {
-           return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 || graph.parentRelations(node).length || node.hasInterestingTags();
-         }
+             if (!resolved.feature.geometry.coordinates.length || !resolved.feature.properties.area) {
+               throw new Error("locationSet ".concat(locationSetID, " resolves to an empty feature."));
+             }
 
-         var action = function action(graph, t) {
-           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
-           var nodes = allNodes(graph);
-           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
-           });
-           var startPoint = points[0];
-           var endPoint = points[points.length - 1];
-           var toDelete = [];
-           var i;
+             if (!_resolvedFeatures[locationSetID]) {
+               // First time seeing this locationSet feature
+               var feature = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(resolved.feature)); // deep clone
 
-           for (i = 1; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
-             var node = nodes[i];
-             var point = points[i];
+               feature.id = locationSetID; // Important: always use the locationSet `id` (`+[Q30]`), not the feature `id` (`Q30`)
 
-             if (t < 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph)) {
-               var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
-               var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
-               var loc2 = projection.invert(p);
-               graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));
-             } else {
-               // safe to delete
-               if (toDelete.indexOf(node) === -1) {
-                 toDelete.push(node);
-               }
+               feature.properties.id = locationSetID;
+               _resolvedFeatures[locationSetID] = feature; // insert into cache
              }
-           }
+           } catch (err) {
+             obj.locationSet = {
+               include: ['Q2']
+             }; // default worldwide
 
-           for (i = 0; i < toDelete.length; i++) {
-             graph = actionDeleteNode(toDelete[i].id)(graph);
+             obj.locationSetID = '+[Q2]';
            }
+         } // Rebuilds the whichPolygon index with whatever features have been resolved.
 
-           return graph;
-         };
 
-         action.disabled = function (graph) {
-           // check way isn't too bendy
-           var nodes = allNodes(graph);
-           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
+         function rebuildIndex() {
+           _wp = whichPolygon_1({
+             features: Object.values(_resolvedFeatures)
            });
-           var startPoint = points[0];
-           var endPoint = points[points.length - 1];
-           var threshold = 0.2 * geoVecLength(startPoint, endPoint);
-           var i;
+         } //
+         // `mergeCustomGeoJSON`
+         //  Accepts an FeatureCollection-like object containing custom locations
+         //  Each feature must have a filename-like `id`, for example: `something.geojson`
+         //
+         //  {
+         //    "type": "FeatureCollection"
+         //    "features": [
+         //      {
+         //        "type": "Feature",
+         //        "id": "philly_metro.geojson",
+         //        "properties": { … },
+         //        "geometry": { … }
+         //      }
+         //    ]
+         //  }
+         //
 
-           if (threshold === 0) {
-             return 'too_bendy';
-           }
 
-           var maxDistance = 0;
+         _this.mergeCustomGeoJSON = function (fc) {
+           if (fc && fc.type === 'FeatureCollection' && Array.isArray(fc.features)) {
+             fc.features.forEach(function (feature) {
+               feature.properties = feature.properties || {};
+               var props = feature.properties; // Get `id` from either `id` or `properties`
 
-           for (i = 1; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
-             var point = points[i];
-             var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
-             var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
-             var dist = geoVecLength(p, point); // to bendy if point is off by 20% of total start/end distance in projected space
+               var id = feature.id || props.id;
+               if (!id || !/^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(id)) return; // Ensure `id` exists and is lowercase
 
-             if (isNaN(dist) || dist > threshold) {
-               return 'too_bendy';
-             } else if (dist > maxDistance) {
-               maxDistance = dist;
-             }
-           }
+               id = id.toLowerCase();
+               feature.id = id;
+               props.id = id; // Ensure `area` property exists
 
-           var keepingAllNodes = nodes.every(function (node, i) {
-             return i === 0 || i === nodes.length - 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph);
-           });
+               if (!props.area) {
+                 var area = geojsonArea.geometry(feature.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
 
-           if (maxDistance < 0.0001 && // Allow straightening even if already straight in order to remove extraneous nodes
-           keepingAllNodes) {
-             return 'straight_enough';
-           }
-         };
+                 props.area = Number(area.toFixed(2));
+               }
 
-         action.transitionable = true;
-         return action;
-       }
+               _loco._cache[id] = feature;
+             });
+           }
+         }; //
+         // `mergeLocationSets`
+         //  Accepts an Array of Objects containing `locationSet` properties.
+         //  The locationSets will be resolved and indexed in the background.
+         //  [
+         //   { id: 'preset1', locationSet: {…} },
+         //   { id: 'preset2', locationSet: {…} },
+         //   { id: 'preset3', locationSet: {…} },
+         //   …
+         //  ]
+         //  After resolving and indexing, the Objects will be decorated with a
+         //  `locationSetID` property.
+         //  [
+         //   { id: 'preset1', locationSet: {…}, locationSetID: '+[Q2]' },
+         //   { id: 'preset2', locationSet: {…}, locationSetID: '+[Q30]' },
+         //   { id: 'preset3', locationSet: {…}, locationSetID: '+[Q2]' },
+         //   …
+         //  ]
+         //
+         //  Returns a Promise fulfilled when the resolving/indexing has been completed
+         //  This will take some seconds but happen in the background during browser idle time.
+         //
 
-       //
-       // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object with a `restrictionID` property.
-       // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
-       //
 
-       function actionUnrestrictTurn(turn) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           return actionDeleteRelation(turn.restrictionID)(graph);
-         };
-       }
+         _this.mergeLocationSets = function (objects) {
+           if (!Array.isArray(objects)) return Promise.reject('nothing to do'); // Resolve all locationSets -> geojson, processing data in chunks
+           //
+           // Because this will happen during idle callbacks, we want to choose a chunk size
+           // that won't make the browser stutter too badly.  LocationSets that are a simple
+           // country coder include will resolve instantly, but ones that involve complex
+           // include/exclude operations will take some milliseconds longer.
+           //
+           // Some discussion and performance results on these tickets:
+           // https://github.com/ideditor/location-conflation/issues/26
+           // https://github.com/osmlab/name-suggestion-index/issues/4784#issuecomment-742003434
 
-       /* Reflect the given area around its axis of symmetry */
+           _queue = _queue.concat(utilArrayChunk(objects, 200));
 
-       function actionReflect(reflectIds, projection) {
-         var _useLongAxis = true;
+           if (!_inProcess) {
+             _inProcess = processQueue().then(function () {
+               rebuildIndex();
+               _inProcess = null;
+               return objects;
+             });
+           }
 
-         var action = function action(graph, t) {
-           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
-           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(reflectIds, graph);
-           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return projection(n.loc);
-           });
-           var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points); // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
-           // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
-           // Reflect across the longer axis by default.
+           return _inProcess;
+         }; //
+         // `locationSetID`
+         // Returns a locationSetID for a given locationSet (fallback to `+[Q2]`, world)
+         // (The locationset doesn't necessarily need to be resolved to compute its `id`)
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `locationSet`: A locationSet, e.g. `{ include: ['us'] }`
+         // Returns
+         //   The locationSetID, e.g. `+[Q30]`
+         //
 
-           var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2];
-           var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2];
-           var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2];
-           var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2];
-           var p, q;
-           var isLong = geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2);
 
-           if (_useLongAxis && isLong || !_useLongAxis && !isLong) {
-             p = p1;
-             q = q1;
-           } else {
-             p = p2;
-             q = q2;
-           } // reflect c across pq
-           // http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/65503/point-reflection-over-a-line
+         _this.locationSetID = function (locationSet) {
+           var locationSetID;
 
+           try {
+             locationSetID = _loco.validateLocationSet(locationSet).id;
+           } catch (err) {
+             locationSetID = '+[Q2]'; // the world
+           }
 
-           var dx = q[0] - p[0];
-           var dy = q[1] - p[1];
-           var a = (dx * dx - dy * dy) / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
-           var b = 2 * dx * dy / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
+           return locationSetID;
+         }; //
+         // `feature`
+         // Returns the resolved GeoJSON feature for a given locationSetID (fallback to 'world')
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `locationSetID`: id of the form like `+[Q30]`  (United States)
+         // Returns
+         //   A GeoJSON feature:
+         //   {
+         //     type: 'Feature',
+         //     id: '+[Q30]',
+         //     properties: { id: '+[Q30]', area: 21817019.17, … },
+         //     geometry: { … }
+         //   }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-             var node = nodes[i];
-             var c = projection(node.loc);
-             var c2 = [a * (c[0] - p[0]) + b * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[0], b * (c[0] - p[0]) - a * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[1]];
-             var loc2 = projection.invert(c2);
-             node = node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t));
-             graph = graph.replace(node);
-           }
 
-           return graph;
-         };
+         _this.feature = function (locationSetID) {
+           return _resolvedFeatures[locationSetID] || _resolvedFeatures['+[Q2]'];
+         }; //
+         // `locationsAt`
+         // Find all the resolved locationSets valid at the given location.
+         // Results include the area (in km²) to facilitate sorting.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `loc`: the [lon,lat] location to query, e.g. `[-74.4813, 40.7967]`
+         // Returns
+         //   Object of locationSetIDs to areas (in km²)
+         //   {
+         //     "+[Q2]": 511207893.3958111,
+         //     "+[Q30]": 21817019.17,
+         //     "+[new_jersey.geojson]": 22390.77,
+         //     …
+         //   }
+         //
 
-         action.useLongAxis = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _useLongAxis;
-           _useLongAxis = val;
-           return action;
-         };
 
-         action.transitionable = true;
-         return action;
-       }
+         _this.locationsAt = function (loc) {
+           var result = {};
+           (_wp(loc, true) || []).forEach(function (prop) {
+             return result[prop.id] = prop.area;
+           });
+           return result;
+         }; //
+         // `query`
+         // Execute a query directly against which-polygon
+         // https://github.com/mapbox/which-polygon
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `loc`: the [lon,lat] location to query,
+         //   `multi`: `true` to return all results, `false` to return first result
+         // Returns
+         //   Array of GeoJSON *properties* for the locationSet features that exist at `loc`
+         //
 
-       function actionUpgradeTags(entityId, oldTags, replaceTags) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
-           var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           var transferValue;
-           var semiIndex;
+         _this.query = function (loc, multi) {
+           return _wp(loc, multi);
+         }; // Direct access to the location-conflation resolver
 
-           for (var oldTagKey in oldTags) {
-             if (!(oldTagKey in tags)) continue; // wildcard match
 
-             if (oldTags[oldTagKey] === '*') {
-               // note the value since we might need to transfer it
-               transferValue = tags[oldTagKey];
-               delete tags[oldTagKey]; // exact match
-             } else if (oldTags[oldTagKey] === tags[oldTagKey]) {
-               delete tags[oldTagKey]; // match is within semicolon-delimited values
-             } else {
-               var vals = tags[oldTagKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
-               var oldIndex = vals.indexOf(oldTags[oldTagKey]);
+         _this.loco = function () {
+           return _loco;
+         }; // Direct access to the which-polygon index
 
-               if (vals.length === 1 || oldIndex === -1) {
-                 delete tags[oldTagKey];
-               } else {
-                 if (replaceTags && replaceTags[oldTagKey]) {
-                   // replacing a value within a semicolon-delimited value, note the index
-                   semiIndex = oldIndex;
-                 }
 
-                 vals.splice(oldIndex, 1);
-                 tags[oldTagKey] = vals.join(';');
-               }
-             }
-           }
+         _this.wp = function () {
+           return _wp;
+         };
 
-           if (replaceTags) {
-             for (var replaceKey in replaceTags) {
-               var replaceValue = replaceTags[replaceKey];
+         return _this;
+       }
 
-               if (replaceValue === '*') {
-                 if (tags[replaceKey] && tags[replaceKey] !== 'no') {
-                   // allow any pre-existing value except `no` (troll tag)
-                   continue;
-                 } else {
-                   // otherwise assume `yes` is okay
-                   tags[replaceKey] = 'yes';
-                 }
-               } else if (replaceValue === '$1') {
-                 tags[replaceKey] = transferValue;
-               } else {
-                 if (tags[replaceKey] && oldTags[replaceKey] && semiIndex !== undefined) {
-                   // don't override preexisting values
-                   var existingVals = tags[replaceKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
+       var $$a = _export;
+       var $findIndex = arrayIteration.findIndex;
+       var addToUnscopables = addToUnscopables$5;
 
-                   if (existingVals.indexOf(replaceValue) === -1) {
-                     existingVals.splice(semiIndex, 0, replaceValue);
-                     tags[replaceKey] = existingVals.join(';');
-                   }
-                 } else {
-                   tags[replaceKey] = replaceValue;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           }
+       var FIND_INDEX = 'findIndex';
+       var SKIPS_HOLES = true;
 
-           return graph.replace(entity.update({
-             tags: tags
-           }));
-         };
-       }
+       // Shouldn't skip holes
+       if (FIND_INDEX in []) Array(1)[FIND_INDEX](function () { SKIPS_HOLES = false; });
 
-       function behaviorEdit(context) {
-         function behavior() {
-           context.map().minzoom(context.minEditableZoom());
+       // `Array.prototype.findIndex` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.findindex
+       $$a({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: SKIPS_HOLES }, {
+         findIndex: function findIndex(callbackfn /* , that = undefined */) {
+           return $findIndex(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
+       });
 
-         behavior.off = function () {
-           context.map().minzoom(0);
-         };
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables(FIND_INDEX);
 
-         return behavior;
-       }
+       var isRegExp = isRegexp;
 
-       /*
-          The hover behavior adds the `.hover` class on pointerover to all elements to which
-          the identical datum is bound, and removes it on pointerout.
+       var notARegexp = function (it) {
+         if (isRegExp(it)) {
+           throw TypeError("The method doesn't accept regular expressions");
+         } return it;
+       };
 
-          The :hover pseudo-class is insufficient for iD's purposes because a datum's visual
-          representation may consist of several elements scattered throughout the DOM hierarchy.
-          Only one of these elements can have the :hover pseudo-class, but all of them will
-          have the .hover class.
-        */
+       var wellKnownSymbol = wellKnownSymbol$s;
 
-       function behaviorHover(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('hover');
+       var MATCH = wellKnownSymbol('match');
 
-         var _selection = select(null);
+       var correctIsRegexpLogic = function (METHOD_NAME) {
+         var regexp = /./;
+         try {
+           '/./'[METHOD_NAME](regexp);
+         } catch (error1) {
+           try {
+             regexp[MATCH] = false;
+             return '/./'[METHOD_NAME](regexp);
+           } catch (error2) { /* empty */ }
+         } return false;
+       };
 
-         var _newNodeId = null;
-         var _initialNodeID = null;
+       var $$9 = _export;
+       var notARegExp$2 = notARegexp;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$3 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var correctIsRegExpLogic$2 = correctIsRegexpLogic;
 
-         var _altDisables;
+       // `String.prototype.includes` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.includes
+       $$9({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: !correctIsRegExpLogic$2('includes') }, {
+         includes: function includes(searchString /* , position = 0 */) {
+           return !!~String(requireObjectCoercible$3(this))
+             .indexOf(notARegExp$2(searchString), arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
+       });
 
-         var _ignoreVertex;
+       var _mainLocalizer = coreLocalizer(); // singleton
 
-         var _targets = []; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+       var _t = _mainLocalizer.t;
+       // coreLocalizer manages language and locale parameters including translated strings
+       //
 
-         function keydown(d3_event) {
-           if (_altDisables && d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-             _selection.selectAll('.hover').classed('hover-suppressed', true).classed('hover', false);
+       function coreLocalizer() {
+         var localizer = {};
+         var _dataLanguages = {}; // `_dataLocales` is an object containing all _supported_ locale codes -> language info.
+         // * `rtl` - right-to-left or left-to-right text direction
+         // * `pct` - the percent of strings translated; 1 = 100%, full coverage
+         //
+         // {
+         // en: { rtl: false, pct: {…} },
+         // de: { rtl: false, pct: {…} },
+         // …
+         // }
 
-             _selection.classed('hover-disabled', true);
+         var _dataLocales = {}; // `localeStrings` is an object containing all _loaded_ locale codes -> string data.
+         // {
+         // en: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
+         // de: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
+         // …
+         // }
 
-             dispatch$1.call('hover', this, null);
-           }
-         }
+         var _localeStrings = {}; // the current locale
 
-         function keyup(d3_event) {
-           if (_altDisables && d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-             _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed').classed('hover-suppressed', false).classed('hover', true);
+         var _localeCode = 'en-US'; // `_localeCodes` must contain `_localeCode` first, optionally followed by fallbacks
 
-             _selection.classed('hover-disabled', false);
+         var _localeCodes = ['en-US', 'en'];
+         var _languageCode = 'en';
+         var _textDirection = 'ltr';
+         var _usesMetric = false;
+         var _languageNames = {};
+         var _scriptNames = {}; // getters for the current locale parameters
 
-             dispatch$1.call('hover', this, _targets);
-           }
-         }
+         localizer.localeCode = function () {
+           return _localeCode;
+         };
 
-         function behavior(selection) {
-           _selection = selection;
-           _targets = [];
+         localizer.localeCodes = function () {
+           return _localeCodes;
+         };
 
-           if (_initialNodeID) {
-             _newNodeId = _initialNodeID;
-             _initialNodeID = null;
-           } else {
-             _newNodeId = null;
-           }
+         localizer.languageCode = function () {
+           return _languageCode;
+         };
 
-           _selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', pointerover).on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', pointerout) // treat pointerdown as pointerover for touch devices
-           .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', pointerover);
+         localizer.textDirection = function () {
+           return _textDirection;
+         };
 
-           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', pointerout, true).on('keydown.hover', keydown).on('keyup.hover', keyup);
+         localizer.usesMetric = function () {
+           return _usesMetric;
+         };
 
-           function eventTarget(d3_event) {
-             var datum = d3_event.target && d3_event.target.__data__;
-             if (_typeof(datum) !== 'object') return null;
+         localizer.languageNames = function () {
+           return _languageNames;
+         };
 
-             if (!(datum instanceof osmEntity) && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity instanceof osmEntity) {
-               return datum.properties.entity;
-             }
+         localizer.scriptNames = function () {
+           return _scriptNames;
+         }; // The client app may want to manually set the locale, regardless of the
+         // settings provided by the browser
 
-             return datum;
-           }
 
-           function pointerover(d3_event) {
-             // ignore mouse hovers with buttons pressed unless dragging
-             if (context.mode().id.indexOf('drag') === -1 && (!d3_event.pointerType || d3_event.pointerType === 'mouse') && d3_event.buttons) return;
-             var target = eventTarget(d3_event);
+         var _preferredLocaleCodes = [];
 
-             if (target && _targets.indexOf(target) === -1) {
-               _targets.push(target);
+         localizer.preferredLocaleCodes = function (codes) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _preferredLocaleCodes;
 
-               updateHover(d3_event, _targets);
-             }
+           if (typeof codes === 'string') {
+             // be generous and accept delimited strings as input
+             _preferredLocaleCodes = codes.split(/,|;| /gi).filter(Boolean);
+           } else {
+             _preferredLocaleCodes = codes;
            }
 
-           function pointerout(d3_event) {
-             var target = eventTarget(d3_event);
+           return localizer;
+         };
 
-             var index = _targets.indexOf(target);
+         var _loadPromise;
 
-             if (index !== -1) {
-               _targets.splice(index);
+         localizer.ensureLoaded = function () {
+           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
+           var filesToFetch = ['languages', // load the list of languages
+           'locales' // load the list of supported locales
+           ];
+           var localeDirs = {
+             general: 'locales',
+             tagging: 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/translations'
+           };
+           var fileMap = _mainFileFetcher.fileMap();
 
-               updateHover(d3_event, _targets);
+           for (var scopeId in localeDirs) {
+             var key = "locales_index_".concat(scopeId);
+
+             if (!fileMap[key]) {
+               fileMap[key] = localeDirs[scopeId] + '/index.min.json';
              }
-           }
 
-           function allowsVertex(d) {
-             return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
+             filesToFetch.push(key);
            }
 
-           function modeAllowsHover(target) {
-             var mode = context.mode();
+           return _loadPromise = Promise.all(filesToFetch.map(function (key) {
+             return _mainFileFetcher.get(key);
+           })).then(function (results) {
+             _dataLanguages = results[0];
+             _dataLocales = results[1];
+             var indexes = results.slice(2);
 
-             if (mode.id === 'add-point') {
-               return mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex') || target.type !== 'way' && target.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex';
-             }
+             var requestedLocales = (_preferredLocaleCodes || []).concat(utilDetect().browserLocales) // List of locales preferred by the browser in priority order.
+             .concat(['en']); // fallback to English since it's the only guaranteed complete language
 
-             return true;
-           }
 
-           function updateHover(d3_event, targets) {
-             _selection.selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
+             _localeCodes = localesToUseFrom(requestedLocales);
+             _localeCode = _localeCodes[0]; // Run iD in the highest-priority locale; the rest are fallbacks
 
-             _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed').classed('hover-suppressed', false);
+             var loadStringsPromises = [];
+             indexes.forEach(function (index, i) {
+               // Will always return the index for `en` if nothing else
+               var fullCoverageIndex = _localeCodes.findIndex(function (locale) {
+                 return index[locale] && index[locale].pct === 1;
+               }); // We only need to load locales up until we find one with full coverage
 
-             var mode = context.mode();
 
-             if (!_newNodeId && (mode.id === 'draw-line' || mode.id === 'draw-area')) {
-               var node = targets.find(function (target) {
-                 return target instanceof osmEntity && target.type === 'node';
+               _localeCodes.slice(0, fullCoverageIndex + 1).forEach(function (code) {
+                 var scopeId = Object.keys(localeDirs)[i];
+                 var directory = Object.values(localeDirs)[i];
+                 if (index[code]) loadStringsPromises.push(localizer.loadLocale(code, scopeId, directory));
                });
-               _newNodeId = node && node.id;
-             }
-
-             targets = targets.filter(function (datum) {
-               if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
-                 // If drawing a way, don't hover on a node that was just placed. #3974
-                 return datum.id !== _newNodeId && (datum.type !== 'node' || !_ignoreVertex || allowsVertex(datum)) && modeAllowsHover(datum);
-               }
-
-               return true;
              });
-             var selector = '';
+             return Promise.all(loadStringsPromises);
+           }).then(function () {
+             updateForCurrentLocale();
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             return console.error(err);
+           }); // eslint-disable-line
+         }; // Returns the locales from `requestedLocales` supported by iD that we should use
 
-             for (var i in targets) {
-               var datum = targets[i]; // What are we hovering over?
 
-               if (datum.__featurehash__) {
-                 // hovering custom data
-                 selector += ', .data' + datum.__featurehash__;
-               } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
-                 selector += ', .' + datum.service + '.itemId-' + datum.id;
-               } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
-                 selector += ', .note-' + datum.id;
-               } else if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
-                 selector += ', .' + datum.id;
+         function localesToUseFrom(requestedLocales) {
+           var supportedLocales = _dataLocales;
+           var toUse = [];
 
-                 if (datum.type === 'relation') {
-                   for (var j in datum.members) {
-                     selector += ', .' + datum.members[j].id;
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
+           for (var i in requestedLocales) {
+             var locale = requestedLocales[i];
+             if (supportedLocales[locale]) toUse.push(locale);
+
+             if (locale.includes('-')) {
+               // Full locale ('es-ES'), add fallback to the base ('es')
+               var langPart = locale.split('-')[0];
+               if (supportedLocales[langPart]) toUse.push(langPart);
              }
+           } // remove duplicates
 
-             var suppressed = _altDisables && d3_event && d3_event.altKey;
 
-             if (selector.trim().length) {
-               // remove the first comma
-               selector = selector.slice(1);
+           return utilArrayUniq(toUse);
+         }
 
-               _selection.selectAll(selector).classed(suppressed ? 'hover-suppressed' : 'hover', true);
-             }
+         function updateForCurrentLocale() {
+           if (!_localeCode) return;
+           _languageCode = _localeCode.split('-')[0];
+           var currentData = _dataLocales[_localeCode] || _dataLocales[_languageCode];
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-             dispatch$1.call('hover', this, !suppressed && targets);
+           if (hash.rtl === 'true') {
+             _textDirection = 'rtl';
+           } else if (hash.rtl === 'false') {
+             _textDirection = 'ltr';
+           } else {
+             _textDirection = currentData && currentData.rtl ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
            }
+
+           var locale = _localeCode;
+           if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') locale = 'en';
+           _languageNames = _localeStrings.general[locale].languageNames;
+           _scriptNames = _localeStrings.general[locale].scriptNames;
+           _usesMetric = _localeCode.slice(-3).toLowerCase() !== '-us';
          }
+         /* Locales */
+         // Returns a Promise to load the strings for the requested locale
 
-         behavior.off = function (selection) {
-           selection.selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
-           selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed').classed('hover-suppressed', false);
-           selection.classed('hover-disabled', false);
-           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', null);
-           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', null, true).on('keydown.hover', null).on('keyup.hover', null);
-         };
 
-         behavior.altDisables = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _altDisables;
-           _altDisables = val;
-           return behavior;
-         };
+         localizer.loadLocale = function (locale, scopeId, directory) {
+           // US English is the default
+           if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') locale = 'en';
 
-         behavior.ignoreVertex = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _ignoreVertex;
-           _ignoreVertex = val;
-           return behavior;
-         };
+           if (_localeStrings[scopeId] && _localeStrings[scopeId][locale]) {
+             // already loaded
+             return Promise.resolve(locale);
+           }
 
-         behavior.initialNodeID = function (nodeId) {
-           _initialNodeID = nodeId;
-           return behavior;
-         };
+           var fileMap = _mainFileFetcher.fileMap();
+           var key = "locale_".concat(scopeId, "_").concat(locale);
 
-         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           if (!fileMap[key]) {
+             fileMap[key] = "".concat(directory, "/").concat(locale, ".min.json");
+           }
 
-       var _disableSpace = false;
-       var _lastSpace = null;
-       function behaviorDraw(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('move', 'down', 'downcancel', 'click', 'clickWay', 'clickNode', 'undo', 'cancel', 'finish');
-         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('draw');
+           return _mainFileFetcher.get(key).then(function (d) {
+             if (!_localeStrings[scopeId]) _localeStrings[scopeId] = {};
+             _localeStrings[scopeId][locale] = d[locale];
+             return locale;
+           });
+         };
 
-         var _hover = behaviorHover(context).altDisables(true).ignoreVertex(true).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
+         localizer.pluralRule = function (number) {
+           return pluralRule(number, _localeCode);
+         }; // Returns the plural rule for the given `number` with the given `localeCode`.
+         // One of: `zero`, `one`, `two`, `few`, `many`, `other`
 
-         var _edit = behaviorEdit(context);
 
-         var _closeTolerance = 4;
-         var _tolerance = 12;
-         var _mouseLeave = false;
-         var _lastMouse = null;
+         function pluralRule(number, localeCode) {
+           // modern browsers have this functionality built-in
+           var rules = 'Intl' in window && Intl.PluralRules && new Intl.PluralRules(localeCode);
 
-         var _lastPointerUpEvent;
+           if (rules) {
+             return rules.select(number);
+           } // fallback to basic one/other, as in English
 
-         var _downPointer; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
+           if (number === 1) return 'one';
+           return 'other';
+         }
+         /**
+         * Try to find that string in `locale` or the current `_localeCode` matching
+         * the given `stringId`. If no string can be found in the requested locale,
+         * we'll recurse down all the `_localeCodes` until one is found.
+         *
+         * @param  {string}   stringId      string identifier
+         * @param  {object?}  replacements  token replacements and default string
+         * @param  {string?}  locale        locale to use (defaults to currentLocale)
+         * @return {string?}  localized string
+         */
 
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse'; // related code
-         // - `mode/drag_node.js` `datum()`
 
+         localizer.tInfo = function (origStringId, replacements, locale) {
+           var stringId = origStringId.trim();
+           var scopeId = 'general';
 
-         function datum(d3_event) {
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           var isNote = mode && mode.id.indexOf('note') !== -1;
-           if (d3_event.altKey || isNote) return {};
-           var element;
+           if (stringId[0] === '_') {
+             var split = stringId.split('.');
+             scopeId = split[0].slice(1);
+             stringId = split.slice(1).join('.');
+           }
 
-           if (d3_event.type === 'keydown') {
-             element = _lastMouse && _lastMouse.target;
-           } else {
-             element = d3_event.target;
-           } // When drawing, snap only to touch targets..
-           // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
+           locale = locale || _localeCode;
+           var path = stringId.split('.').map(function (s) {
+             return s.replace(/<TX_DOT>/g, '.');
+           }).reverse();
+           var stringsKey = locale; // US English is the default
 
+           if (stringsKey.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') stringsKey = 'en';
+           var result = _localeStrings && _localeStrings[scopeId] && _localeStrings[scopeId][stringsKey];
 
-           var d = element.__data__;
-           return d && d.properties && d.properties.target ? d : {};
-         }
+           while (result !== undefined && path.length) {
+             result = result[path.pop()];
+           }
 
-         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
-           if (_downPointer) return;
-           var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
-           _downPointer = {
-             id: d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse',
-             pointerLocGetter: pointerLocGetter,
-             downTime: +new Date(),
-             downLoc: pointerLocGetter(d3_event)
-           };
-           dispatch$1.call('down', this, d3_event, datum(d3_event));
-         }
+           if (result !== undefined) {
+             if (replacements) {
+               if (_typeof(result) === 'object' && Object.keys(result).length) {
+                 // If plural forms are provided, dig one level deeper based on the
+                 // first numeric token replacement provided.
+                 var number = Object.values(replacements).find(function (value) {
+                   return typeof value === 'number';
+                 });
 
-         function pointerup(d3_event) {
-           if (!_downPointer || _downPointer.id !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-           var downPointer = _downPointer;
-           _downPointer = null;
-           _lastPointerUpEvent = d3_event;
-           if (downPointer.isCancelled) return;
-           var t2 = +new Date();
-           var p2 = downPointer.pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
-           var dist = geoVecLength(downPointer.downLoc, p2);
+                 if (number !== undefined) {
+                   var rule = pluralRule(number, locale);
 
-           if (dist < _closeTolerance || dist < _tolerance && t2 - downPointer.downTime < 500) {
-             // Prevent a quick second click
-             select(window).on('click.draw-block', function () {
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             }, true);
-             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false);
-             window.setTimeout(function () {
-               context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
-               select(window).on('click.draw-block', null);
-             }, 500);
-             click(d3_event, p2);
-           }
-         }
+                   if (result[rule]) {
+                     result = result[rule];
+                   } else {
+                     // We're pretty sure this should be a plural but no string
+                     // could be found for the given rule. Just pick the first
+                     // string and hope it makes sense.
+                     result = Object.values(result)[0];
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-         function pointermove(d3_event) {
-           if (_downPointer && _downPointer.id === (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse') && !_downPointer.isCancelled) {
-             var p2 = _downPointer.pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
+               if (typeof result === 'string') {
+                 for (var key in replacements) {
+                   var value = replacements[key];
 
-             var dist = geoVecLength(_downPointer.downLoc, p2);
+                   if (typeof value === 'number') {
+                     if (value.toLocaleString) {
+                       // format numbers for the locale
+                       value = value.toLocaleString(locale, {
+                         style: 'decimal',
+                         useGrouping: true,
+                         minimumFractionDigits: 0
+                       });
+                     } else {
+                       value = value.toString();
+                     }
+                   }
 
-             if (dist >= _closeTolerance) {
-               _downPointer.isCancelled = true;
-               dispatch$1.call('downcancel', this);
+                   var token = "{".concat(key, "}");
+                   var regex = new RegExp(token, 'g');
+                   result = result.replace(regex, value);
+                 }
+               }
              }
-           }
 
-           if (d3_event.pointerType && d3_event.pointerType !== 'mouse' || d3_event.buttons || _downPointer) return; // HACK: Mobile Safari likes to send one or more `mouse` type pointermove
-           // events immediately after non-mouse pointerup events; detect and ignore them.
+             if (typeof result === 'string') {
+               // found a localized string!
+               return {
+                 text: result,
+                 locale: locale
+               };
+             }
+           } // no localized string found...
+           // attempt to fallback to a lower-priority language
 
-           if (_lastPointerUpEvent && _lastPointerUpEvent.pointerType !== 'mouse' && d3_event.timeStamp - _lastPointerUpEvent.timeStamp < 100) return;
-           _lastMouse = d3_event;
-           dispatch$1.call('move', this, d3_event, datum(d3_event));
-         }
 
-         function pointercancel(d3_event) {
-           if (_downPointer && _downPointer.id === (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) {
-             if (!_downPointer.isCancelled) {
-               dispatch$1.call('downcancel', this);
-             }
+           var index = _localeCodes.indexOf(locale);
 
-             _downPointer = null;
+           if (index >= 0 && index < _localeCodes.length - 1) {
+             // eventually this will be 'en' or another locale with 100% coverage
+             var fallback = _localeCodes[index + 1];
+             return localizer.tInfo(origStringId, replacements, fallback);
            }
-         }
 
-         function mouseenter() {
-           _mouseLeave = false;
-         }
+           if (replacements && 'default' in replacements) {
+             // Fallback to a default value if one is specified in `replacements`
+             return {
+               text: replacements["default"],
+               locale: null
+             };
+           }
 
-         function mouseleave() {
-           _mouseLeave = true;
-         }
+           var missing = "Missing ".concat(locale, " translation: ").concat(origStringId);
+           if (typeof console !== 'undefined') console.error(missing); // eslint-disable-line
 
-         function allowsVertex(d) {
-           return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
-         } // related code
-         // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
-         // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
-         // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
+           return {
+             text: missing,
+             locale: 'en'
+           };
+         };
 
+         localizer.hasTextForStringId = function (stringId) {
+           return !!localizer.tInfo(stringId, {
+             "default": 'nothing found'
+           }).locale;
+         }; // Returns only the localized text, discarding the locale info
 
-         function click(d3_event, loc) {
-           var d = datum(d3_event);
-           var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;
-           var mode = context.mode();
 
-           if (target && target.type === 'node' && allowsVertex(target)) {
-             // Snap to a node
-             dispatch$1.call('clickNode', this, target, d);
-             return;
-           } else if (target && target.type === 'way' && (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex'))) {
-             // Snap to a way
-             var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(target), loc, context.projection, context.activeID());
+         localizer.t = function (stringId, replacements, locale) {
+           return localizer.tInfo(stringId, replacements, locale).text;
+         }; // Returns the localized text wrapped in an HTML element encoding the locale info
 
-             if (choice) {
-               var edge = [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]];
-               dispatch$1.call('clickWay', this, choice.loc, edge, d);
-               return;
-             }
-           } else if (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('point')) {
-             var locLatLng = context.projection.invert(loc);
-             dispatch$1.call('click', this, locLatLng, d);
-           }
-         } // treat a spacebar press like a click
 
+         localizer.t.html = function (stringId, replacements, locale) {
+           var info = localizer.tInfo(stringId, replacements, locale); // text may be empty or undefined if `replacements.default` is
 
-         function space(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           var currSpace = context.map().mouse();
+           return info.text ? localizer.htmlForLocalizedText(info.text, info.locale) : '';
+         };
 
-           if (_disableSpace && _lastSpace) {
-             var dist = geoVecLength(_lastSpace, currSpace);
+         localizer.htmlForLocalizedText = function (text, localeCode) {
+           return "<span class=\"localized-text\" lang=\"".concat(localeCode || 'unknown', "\">").concat(text, "</span>");
+         };
 
-             if (dist > _tolerance) {
-               _disableSpace = false;
-             }
-           }
+         localizer.languageName = function (code, options) {
+           if (_languageNames[code]) {
+             // name in locale language
+             // e.g. "German"
+             return _languageNames[code];
+           } // sometimes we only want the local name
 
-           if (_disableSpace || _mouseLeave || !_lastMouse) return; // user must move mouse or release space bar to allow another click
 
-           _lastSpace = currSpace;
-           _disableSpace = true;
-           select(window).on('keyup.space-block', function () {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             _disableSpace = false;
-             select(window).on('keyup.space-block', null);
-           }); // get the current mouse position
+           if (options && options.localOnly) return null;
+           var langInfo = _dataLanguages[code];
 
-           var loc = context.map().mouse() || // or the map center if the mouse has never entered the map
-           context.projection(context.map().center());
-           click(d3_event, loc);
-         }
+           if (langInfo) {
+             if (langInfo.nativeName) {
+               // name in native language
+               // e.g. "Deutsch (de)"
+               return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', {
+                 language: langInfo.nativeName,
+                 code: code
+               });
+             } else if (langInfo.base && langInfo.script) {
+               var base = langInfo.base; // the code of the language this is based on
+
+               if (_languageNames[base]) {
+                 // base language name in locale language
+                 var scriptCode = langInfo.script;
+                 var script = _scriptNames[scriptCode] || scriptCode; // e.g. "Serbian (Cyrillic)"
+
+                 return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', {
+                   language: _languageNames[base],
+                   code: script
+                 });
+               } else if (_dataLanguages[base] && _dataLanguages[base].nativeName) {
+                 // e.g. "српски (sr-Cyrl)"
+                 return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', {
+                   language: _dataLanguages[base].nativeName,
+                   code: code
+                 });
+               }
+             }
+           }
+
+           return code; // if not found, use the code
+         };
 
-         function backspace(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           dispatch$1.call('undo');
-         }
+         return localizer;
+       }
 
-         function del(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           dispatch$1.call('cancel');
-         }
+       // `presetCollection` is a wrapper around an `Array` of presets `collection`,
+       // and decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
+       //
 
-         function ret(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           dispatch$1.call('finish');
-         }
+       function presetCollection(collection) {
+         var MAXRESULTS = 50;
+         var _this = {};
+         var _memo = {};
+         _this.collection = collection;
 
-         function behavior(selection) {
-           context.install(_hover);
-           context.install(_edit);
-           _downPointer = null;
-           keybinding.on('⌫', backspace).on('⌦', del).on('⎋', ret).on('↩', ret).on('space', space).on('⌥space', space);
-           selection.on('mouseenter.draw', mouseenter).on('mouseleave.draw', mouseleave).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', pointerdown).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', pointermove);
-           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', pointerup, true).on('pointercancel.draw', pointercancel, true);
-           select(document).call(keybinding);
-           return behavior;
-         }
+         _this.item = function (id) {
+           if (_memo[id]) return _memo[id];
 
-         behavior.off = function (selection) {
-           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
-           context.uninstall(_hover);
-           context.uninstall(_edit);
-           selection.on('mouseenter.draw', null).on('mouseleave.draw', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', null);
-           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', null).on('pointercancel.draw', null); // note: keyup.space-block, click.draw-block should remain
+           var found = _this.collection.find(function (d) {
+             return d.id === id;
+           });
 
-           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           if (found) _memo[id] = found;
+           return found;
          };
 
-         behavior.hover = function () {
-           return _hover;
+         _this.index = function (id) {
+           return _this.collection.findIndex(function (d) {
+             return d.id === id;
+           });
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       function initRange(domain, range) {
-         switch (arguments.length) {
-           case 0:
-             break;
-
-           case 1:
-             this.range(domain);
-             break;
+         _this.matchGeometry = function (geometry) {
+           return presetCollection(_this.collection.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.matchGeometry(geometry);
+           }));
+         };
 
-           default:
-             this.range(range).domain(domain);
-             break;
-         }
+         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
+           return presetCollection(_this.collection.filter(function (d) {
+             return d && d.matchAllGeometry(geometries);
+           }));
+         };
 
-         return this;
-       }
+         _this.matchAnyGeometry = function (geometries) {
+           return presetCollection(_this.collection.filter(function (d) {
+             return geometries.some(function (geom) {
+               return d.matchGeometry(geom);
+             });
+           }));
+         };
 
-       function constants(x) {
-         return function () {
-           return x;
+         _this.fallback = function (geometry) {
+           var id = geometry;
+           if (id === 'vertex') id = 'point';
+           return _this.item(id);
          };
-       }
 
-       function number$1(x) {
-         return +x;
-       }
+         _this.search = function (value, geometry, loc) {
+           if (!value) return _this; // don't remove diacritical characters since we're assuming the user is being intentional
 
-       var unit = [0, 1];
-       function identity$3(x) {
-         return x;
-       }
+           value = value.toLowerCase().trim(); // match at name beginning or just after a space (e.g. "office" -> match "Law Office")
 
-       function normalize$1(a, b) {
-         return (b -= a = +a) ? function (x) {
-           return (x - a) / b;
-         } : constants(isNaN(b) ? NaN : 0.5);
-       }
+           function leading(a) {
+             var index = a.indexOf(value);
+             return index === 0 || a[index - 1] === ' ';
+           } // match at name beginning only
 
-       function clamper(a, b) {
-         var t;
-         if (a > b) t = a, a = b, b = t;
-         return function (x) {
-           return Math.max(a, Math.min(b, x));
-         };
-       } // normalize(a, b)(x) takes a domain value x in [a,b] and returns the corresponding parameter t in [0,1].
-       // interpolate(a, b)(t) takes a parameter t in [0,1] and returns the corresponding range value x in [a,b].
 
+           function leadingStrict(a) {
+             var index = a.indexOf(value);
+             return index === 0;
+           }
 
-       function bimap(domain, range, interpolate) {
-         var d0 = domain[0],
-             d1 = domain[1],
-             r0 = range[0],
-             r1 = range[1];
-         if (d1 < d0) d0 = normalize$1(d1, d0), r0 = interpolate(r1, r0);else d0 = normalize$1(d0, d1), r0 = interpolate(r0, r1);
-         return function (x) {
-           return r0(d0(x));
-         };
-       }
+           function sortPresets(nameProp) {
+             return function sortNames(a, b) {
+               var aCompare = a[nameProp]();
+               var bCompare = b[nameProp](); // priority if search string matches preset name exactly - #4325
 
-       function polymap(domain, range, interpolate) {
-         var j = Math.min(domain.length, range.length) - 1,
-             d = new Array(j),
-             r = new Array(j),
-             i = -1; // Reverse descending domains.
+               if (value === aCompare) return -1;
+               if (value === bCompare) return 1; // priority for higher matchScore
 
-         if (domain[j] < domain[0]) {
-           domain = domain.slice().reverse();
-           range = range.slice().reverse();
-         }
+               var i = b.originalScore - a.originalScore;
+               if (i !== 0) return i; // priority if search string appears earlier in preset name
 
-         while (++i < j) {
-           d[i] = normalize$1(domain[i], domain[i + 1]);
-           r[i] = interpolate(range[i], range[i + 1]);
-         }
+               i = aCompare.indexOf(value) - bCompare.indexOf(value);
+               if (i !== 0) return i; // priority for shorter preset names
 
-         return function (x) {
-           var i = bisectRight(domain, x, 1, j) - 1;
-           return r[i](d[i](x));
-         };
-       }
+               return aCompare.length - bCompare.length;
+             };
+           }
 
-       function copy(source, target) {
-         return target.domain(source.domain()).range(source.range()).interpolate(source.interpolate()).clamp(source.clamp()).unknown(source.unknown());
-       }
-       function transformer$1() {
-         var domain = unit,
-             range = unit,
-             interpolate$1 = interpolate,
-             transform,
-             untransform,
-             unknown,
-             clamp = identity$3,
-             piecewise,
-             output,
-             input;
+           var pool = _this.collection;
 
-         function rescale() {
-           var n = Math.min(domain.length, range.length);
-           if (clamp !== identity$3) clamp = clamper(domain[0], domain[n - 1]);
-           piecewise = n > 2 ? polymap : bimap;
-           output = input = null;
-           return scale;
-         }
+           if (Array.isArray(loc)) {
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(loc);
+             pool = pool.filter(function (a) {
+               return !a.locationSetID || validLocations[a.locationSetID];
+             });
+           }
 
-         function scale(x) {
-           return isNaN(x = +x) ? unknown : (output || (output = piecewise(domain.map(transform), range, interpolate$1)))(transform(clamp(x)));
-         }
+           var searchable = pool.filter(function (a) {
+             return a.searchable !== false && a.suggestion !== true;
+           });
+           var suggestions = pool.filter(function (a) {
+             return a.suggestion === true;
+           }); // matches value to preset.name
 
-         scale.invert = function (y) {
-           return clamp(untransform((input || (input = piecewise(range, domain.map(transform), d3_interpolateNumber)))(y)));
-         };
+           var leadingNames = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return leading(a.searchName());
+           }).sort(sortPresets('searchName')); // matches value to preset suggestion name
+
+           var leadingSuggestions = suggestions.filter(function (a) {
+             return leadingStrict(a.searchName());
+           }).sort(sortPresets('searchName'));
+           var leadingNamesStripped = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return leading(a.searchNameStripped());
+           }).sort(sortPresets('searchNameStripped'));
+           var leadingSuggestionsStripped = suggestions.filter(function (a) {
+             return leadingStrict(a.searchNameStripped());
+           }).sort(sortPresets('searchNameStripped')); // matches value to preset.terms values
+
+           var leadingTerms = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return (a.terms() || []).some(leading);
+           });
+           var leadingSuggestionTerms = suggestions.filter(function (a) {
+             return (a.terms() || []).some(leading);
+           }); // matches value to preset.tags values
 
-         scale.domain = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (domain = Array.from(_, number$1), rescale()) : domain.slice();
-         };
+           var leadingTagValues = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return Object.values(a.tags || {}).filter(function (val) {
+               return val !== '*';
+             }).some(leading);
+           }); // finds close matches to value in preset.name
 
-         scale.range = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (range = Array.from(_), rescale()) : range.slice();
-         };
+           var similarName = searchable.map(function (a) {
+             return {
+               preset: a,
+               dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.searchName())
+             };
+           }).filter(function (a) {
+             return a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.searchName().length, 0) < 3;
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           }).map(function (a) {
+             return a.preset;
+           }); // finds close matches to value to preset suggestion name
 
-         scale.rangeRound = function (_) {
-           return range = Array.from(_), interpolate$1 = interpolateRound, rescale();
-         };
+           var similarSuggestions = suggestions.map(function (a) {
+             return {
+               preset: a,
+               dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.searchName())
+             };
+           }).filter(function (a) {
+             return a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.searchName().length, 0) < 1;
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           }).map(function (a) {
+             return a.preset;
+           }); // finds close matches to value in preset.terms
 
-         scale.clamp = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (clamp = _ ? true : identity$3, rescale()) : clamp !== identity$3;
-         };
+           var similarTerms = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return (a.terms() || []).some(function (b) {
+               return utilEditDistance(value, b) + Math.min(value.length - b.length, 0) < 3;
+             });
+           });
+           var results = leadingNames.concat(leadingSuggestions, leadingNamesStripped, leadingSuggestionsStripped, leadingTerms, leadingSuggestionTerms, leadingTagValues, similarName, similarSuggestions, similarTerms).slice(0, MAXRESULTS - 1);
 
-         scale.interpolate = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (interpolate$1 = _, rescale()) : interpolate$1;
-         };
+           if (geometry) {
+             if (typeof geometry === 'string') {
+               results.push(_this.fallback(geometry));
+             } else {
+               geometry.forEach(function (geom) {
+                 return results.push(_this.fallback(geom));
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
-         scale.unknown = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : unknown;
+           return presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(results));
          };
 
-         return function (t, u) {
-           transform = t, untransform = u;
-           return rescale();
-         };
-       }
-       function continuous() {
-         return transformer$1()(identity$3, identity$3);
+         return _this;
        }
 
-       function formatDecimal (x) {
-         return Math.abs(x = Math.round(x)) >= 1e21 ? x.toLocaleString("en").replace(/,/g, "") : x.toString(10);
-       } // Computes the decimal coefficient and exponent of the specified number x with
-       // significant digits p, where x is positive and p is in [1, 21] or undefined.
-       // For example, formatDecimalParts(1.23) returns ["123", 0].
+       // `presetCategory` builds a `presetCollection` of member presets,
+       // decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
+       //
 
-       function formatDecimalParts(x, p) {
-         if ((i = (x = p ? x.toExponential(p - 1) : x.toExponential()).indexOf("e")) < 0) return null; // NaN, ±Infinity
+       function presetCategory(categoryID, category, allPresets) {
+         var _this = Object.assign({}, category); // shallow copy
 
-         var i,
-             coefficient = x.slice(0, i); // The string returned by toExponential either has the form \d\.\d+e[-+]\d+
-         // (e.g., 1.2e+3) or the form \de[-+]\d+ (e.g., 1e+3).
 
-         return [coefficient.length > 1 ? coefficient[0] + coefficient.slice(2) : coefficient, +x.slice(i + 1)];
-       }
+         var _searchName; // cache
 
-       function exponent (x) {
-         return x = formatDecimalParts(Math.abs(x)), x ? x[1] : NaN;
-       }
 
-       function formatGroup (grouping, thousands) {
-         return function (value, width) {
-           var i = value.length,
-               t = [],
-               j = 0,
-               g = grouping[0],
-               length = 0;
+         var _searchNameStripped; // cache
 
-           while (i > 0 && g > 0) {
-             if (length + g + 1 > width) g = Math.max(1, width - length);
-             t.push(value.substring(i -= g, i + g));
-             if ((length += g + 1) > width) break;
-             g = grouping[j = (j + 1) % grouping.length];
+
+         _this.id = categoryID;
+         _this.members = presetCollection((category.members || []).map(function (presetID) {
+           return allPresets[presetID];
+         }).filter(Boolean));
+         _this.geometry = _this.members.collection.reduce(function (acc, preset) {
+           for (var i in preset.geometry) {
+             var geometry = preset.geometry[i];
+
+             if (acc.indexOf(geometry) === -1) {
+               acc.push(geometry);
+             }
            }
 
-           return t.reverse().join(thousands);
+           return acc;
+         }, []);
+
+         _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) {
+           return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0;
          };
-       }
 
-       function formatNumerals (numerals) {
-         return function (value) {
-           return value.replace(/[0-9]/g, function (i) {
-             return numerals[+i];
+         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
+           return _this.members.collection.some(function (preset) {
+             return preset.matchAllGeometry(geometries);
            });
          };
-       }
 
-       // [[fill]align][sign][symbol][0][width][,][.precision][~][type]
-       var re = /^(?:(.)?([<>=^]))?([+\-( ])?([$#])?(0)?(\d+)?(,)?(\.\d+)?(~)?([a-z%])?$/i;
-       function formatSpecifier(specifier) {
-         if (!(match = re.exec(specifier))) throw new Error("invalid format: " + specifier);
-         var match;
-         return new FormatSpecifier({
-           fill: match[1],
-           align: match[2],
-           sign: match[3],
-           symbol: match[4],
-           zero: match[5],
-           width: match[6],
-           comma: match[7],
-           precision: match[8] && match[8].slice(1),
-           trim: match[9],
-           type: match[10]
-         });
-       }
-       formatSpecifier.prototype = FormatSpecifier.prototype; // instanceof
+         _this.matchScore = function () {
+           return -1;
+         };
 
-       function FormatSpecifier(specifier) {
-         this.fill = specifier.fill === undefined ? " " : specifier.fill + "";
-         this.align = specifier.align === undefined ? ">" : specifier.align + "";
-         this.sign = specifier.sign === undefined ? "-" : specifier.sign + "";
-         this.symbol = specifier.symbol === undefined ? "" : specifier.symbol + "";
-         this.zero = !!specifier.zero;
-         this.width = specifier.width === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.width;
-         this.comma = !!specifier.comma;
-         this.precision = specifier.precision === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.precision;
-         this.trim = !!specifier.trim;
-         this.type = specifier.type === undefined ? "" : specifier.type + "";
-       }
+         _this.name = function () {
+           return _t("_tagging.presets.categories.".concat(categoryID, ".name"), {
+             'default': categoryID
+           });
+         };
 
-       FormatSpecifier.prototype.toString = function () {
-         return this.fill + this.align + this.sign + this.symbol + (this.zero ? "0" : "") + (this.width === undefined ? "" : Math.max(1, this.width | 0)) + (this.comma ? "," : "") + (this.precision === undefined ? "" : "." + Math.max(0, this.precision | 0)) + (this.trim ? "~" : "") + this.type;
-       };
+         _this.nameLabel = function () {
+           return _t.html("_tagging.presets.categories.".concat(categoryID, ".name"), {
+             'default': categoryID
+           });
+         };
 
-       // Trims insignificant zeros, e.g., replaces 1.2000k with 1.2k.
-       function formatTrim (s) {
-         out: for (var n = s.length, i = 1, i0 = -1, i1; i < n; ++i) {
-           switch (s[i]) {
-             case ".":
-               i0 = i1 = i;
-               break;
+         _this.terms = function () {
+           return [];
+         };
 
-             case "0":
-               if (i0 === 0) i0 = i;
-               i1 = i;
-               break;
+         _this.searchName = function () {
+           if (!_searchName) {
+             _searchName = (_this.suggestion ? _this.originalName : _this.name()).toLowerCase();
+           }
 
-             default:
-               if (!+s[i]) break out;
-               if (i0 > 0) i0 = 0;
-               break;
+           return _searchName;
+         };
+
+         _this.searchNameStripped = function () {
+           if (!_searchNameStripped) {
+             _searchNameStripped = _this.searchName(); // split combined diacritical characters into their parts
+
+             if (_searchNameStripped.normalize) _searchNameStripped = _searchNameStripped.normalize('NFD'); // remove diacritics
+
+             _searchNameStripped = _searchNameStripped.replace(/[\u0300-\u036f]/g, '');
            }
-         }
 
-         return i0 > 0 ? s.slice(0, i0) + s.slice(i1 + 1) : s;
+           return _searchNameStripped;
+         };
+
+         return _this;
        }
 
-       // `thisNumberValue` abstract operation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-thisnumbervalue
-       var thisNumberValue = function (value) {
-         if (typeof value != 'number' && classofRaw(value) != 'Number') {
-           throw TypeError('Incorrect invocation');
-         }
-         return +value;
-       };
+       // `presetField` decorates a given `field` Object
+       // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
+       //
 
-       // `String.prototype.repeat` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.repeat
-       var stringRepeat = ''.repeat || function repeat(count) {
-         var str = String(requireObjectCoercible(this));
-         var result = '';
-         var n = toInteger(count);
-         if (n < 0 || n == Infinity) throw RangeError('Wrong number of repetitions');
-         for (;n > 0; (n >>>= 1) && (str += str)) if (n & 1) result += str;
-         return result;
-       };
+       function presetField(fieldID, field) {
+         var _this = Object.assign({}, field); // shallow copy
 
-       var nativeToFixed = 1.0.toFixed;
-       var floor$6 = Math.floor;
 
-       var pow$2 = function (x, n, acc) {
-         return n === 0 ? acc : n % 2 === 1 ? pow$2(x, n - 1, acc * x) : pow$2(x * x, n / 2, acc);
-       };
+         _this.id = fieldID; // for use in classes, element ids, css selectors
 
-       var log$2 = function (x) {
-         var n = 0;
-         var x2 = x;
-         while (x2 >= 4096) {
-           n += 12;
-           x2 /= 4096;
-         }
-         while (x2 >= 2) {
-           n += 1;
-           x2 /= 2;
-         } return n;
-       };
+         _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(fieldID);
 
-       var FORCED$c = nativeToFixed && (
-         0.00008.toFixed(3) !== '0.000' ||
-         0.9.toFixed(0) !== '1' ||
-         1.255.toFixed(2) !== '1.25' ||
-         1000000000000000128.0.toFixed(0) !== '1000000000000000128'
-       ) || !fails(function () {
-         // V8 ~ Android 4.3-
-         nativeToFixed.call({});
-       });
+         _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) {
+           return !_this.geometry || _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1;
+         };
 
-       // `Number.prototype.toFixed` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-number.prototype.tofixed
-       _export({ target: 'Number', proto: true, forced: FORCED$c }, {
-         // eslint-disable-next-line max-statements
-         toFixed: function toFixed(fractionDigits) {
-           var number = thisNumberValue(this);
-           var fractDigits = toInteger(fractionDigits);
-           var data = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
-           var sign = '';
-           var result = '0';
-           var e, z, j, k;
+         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
+           return !_this.geometry || geometries.every(function (geom) {
+             return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1;
+           });
+         };
 
-           var multiply = function (n, c) {
-             var index = -1;
-             var c2 = c;
-             while (++index < 6) {
-               c2 += n * data[index];
-               data[index] = c2 % 1e7;
-               c2 = floor$6(c2 / 1e7);
-             }
-           };
+         _this.t = function (scope, options) {
+           return _t("_tagging.presets.fields.".concat(fieldID, ".").concat(scope), options);
+         };
 
-           var divide = function (n) {
-             var index = 6;
-             var c = 0;
-             while (--index >= 0) {
-               c += data[index];
-               data[index] = floor$6(c / n);
-               c = (c % n) * 1e7;
-             }
-           };
+         _this.t.html = function (scope, options) {
+           return _t.html("_tagging.presets.fields.".concat(fieldID, ".").concat(scope), options);
+         };
 
-           var dataToString = function () {
-             var index = 6;
-             var s = '';
-             while (--index >= 0) {
-               if (s !== '' || index === 0 || data[index] !== 0) {
-                 var t = String(data[index]);
-                 s = s === '' ? t : s + stringRepeat.call('0', 7 - t.length) + t;
-               }
-             } return s;
-           };
+         _this.hasTextForStringId = function (scope) {
+           return _mainLocalizer.hasTextForStringId("_tagging.presets.fields.".concat(fieldID, ".").concat(scope));
+         };
 
-           if (fractDigits < 0 || fractDigits > 20) throw RangeError('Incorrect fraction digits');
-           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
-           if (number != number) return 'NaN';
-           if (number <= -1e21 || number >= 1e21) return String(number);
-           if (number < 0) {
-             sign = '-';
-             number = -number;
-           }
-           if (number > 1e-21) {
-             e = log$2(number * pow$2(2, 69, 1)) - 69;
-             z = e < 0 ? number * pow$2(2, -e, 1) : number / pow$2(2, e, 1);
-             z *= 0x10000000000000;
-             e = 52 - e;
-             if (e > 0) {
-               multiply(0, z);
-               j = fractDigits;
-               while (j >= 7) {
-                 multiply(1e7, 0);
-                 j -= 7;
-               }
-               multiply(pow$2(10, j, 1), 0);
-               j = e - 1;
-               while (j >= 23) {
-                 divide(1 << 23);
-                 j -= 23;
-               }
-               divide(1 << j);
-               multiply(1, 1);
-               divide(2);
-               result = dataToString();
-             } else {
-               multiply(0, z);
-               multiply(1 << -e, 0);
-               result = dataToString() + stringRepeat.call('0', fractDigits);
-             }
-           }
-           if (fractDigits > 0) {
-             k = result.length;
-             result = sign + (k <= fractDigits
-               ? '0.' + stringRepeat.call('0', fractDigits - k) + result
-               : result.slice(0, k - fractDigits) + '.' + result.slice(k - fractDigits));
-           } else {
-             result = sign + result;
-           } return result;
-         }
-       });
+         _this.title = function () {
+           return _this.overrideLabel || _this.t('label', {
+             'default': fieldID
+           });
+         };
 
-       var nativeToPrecision = 1.0.toPrecision;
+         _this.label = function () {
+           return _this.overrideLabel || _this.t.html('label', {
+             'default': fieldID
+           });
+         };
 
-       var FORCED$d = fails(function () {
-         // IE7-
-         return nativeToPrecision.call(1, undefined) !== '1';
-       }) || !fails(function () {
-         // V8 ~ Android 4.3-
-         nativeToPrecision.call({});
-       });
+         var _placeholder = _this.placeholder;
 
-       // `Number.prototype.toPrecision` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-number.prototype.toprecision
-       _export({ target: 'Number', proto: true, forced: FORCED$d }, {
-         toPrecision: function toPrecision(precision) {
-           return precision === undefined
-             ? nativeToPrecision.call(thisNumberValue(this))
-             : nativeToPrecision.call(thisNumberValue(this), precision);
-         }
-       });
+         _this.placeholder = function () {
+           return _this.t('placeholder', {
+             'default': _placeholder
+           });
+         };
 
-       var prefixExponent;
-       function formatPrefixAuto (x, p) {
-         var d = formatDecimalParts(x, p);
-         if (!d) return x + "";
-         var coefficient = d[0],
-             exponent = d[1],
-             i = exponent - (prefixExponent = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent / 3))) * 3) + 1,
-             n = coefficient.length;
-         return i === n ? coefficient : i > n ? coefficient + new Array(i - n + 1).join("0") : i > 0 ? coefficient.slice(0, i) + "." + coefficient.slice(i) : "0." + new Array(1 - i).join("0") + formatDecimalParts(x, Math.max(0, p + i - 1))[0]; // less than 1y!
-       }
+         _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();
 
-       function formatRounded (x, p) {
-         var d = formatDecimalParts(x, p);
-         if (!d) return x + "";
-         var coefficient = d[0],
-             exponent = d[1];
-         return exponent < 0 ? "0." + new Array(-exponent).join("0") + coefficient : coefficient.length > exponent + 1 ? coefficient.slice(0, exponent + 1) + "." + coefficient.slice(exponent + 1) : coefficient + new Array(exponent - coefficient.length + 2).join("0");
+         _this.terms = function () {
+           return _this.t('terms', {
+             'default': _this.originalTerms
+           }).toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/);
+         };
+
+         _this.increment = _this.type === 'number' ? _this.increment || 1 : undefined;
+         return _this;
        }
 
-       var formatTypes = {
-         "%": function _(x, p) {
-           return (x * 100).toFixed(p);
-         },
-         "b": function b(x) {
-           return Math.round(x).toString(2);
-         },
-         "c": function c(x) {
-           return x + "";
-         },
-         "d": formatDecimal,
-         "e": function e(x, p) {
-           return x.toExponential(p);
-         },
-         "f": function f(x, p) {
-           return x.toFixed(p);
-         },
-         "g": function g(x, p) {
-           return x.toPrecision(p);
-         },
-         "o": function o(x) {
-           return Math.round(x).toString(8);
-         },
-         "p": function p(x, _p) {
-           return formatRounded(x * 100, _p);
-         },
-         "r": formatRounded,
-         "s": formatPrefixAuto,
-         "X": function X(x) {
-           return Math.round(x).toString(16).toUpperCase();
-         },
-         "x": function x(_x) {
-           return Math.round(_x).toString(16);
-         }
-       };
+       var $$8 = _export;
+       var lastIndexOf = arrayLastIndexOf;
 
-       function identity$4 (x) {
-         return x;
-       }
+       // `Array.prototype.lastIndexOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.lastindexof
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-prototype-lastindexof -- required for testing
+       $$8({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: lastIndexOf !== [].lastIndexOf }, {
+         lastIndexOf: lastIndexOf
+       });
 
-       var map = Array.prototype.map,
-           prefixes = ["y", "z", "a", "f", "p", "n", "µ", "m", "", "k", "M", "G", "T", "P", "E", "Z", "Y"];
-       function formatLocale (locale) {
-         var group = locale.grouping === undefined || locale.thousands === undefined ? identity$4 : formatGroup(map.call(locale.grouping, Number), locale.thousands + ""),
-             currencyPrefix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[0] + "",
-             currencySuffix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[1] + "",
-             decimal = locale.decimal === undefined ? "." : locale.decimal + "",
-             numerals = locale.numerals === undefined ? identity$4 : formatNumerals(map.call(locale.numerals, String)),
-             percent = locale.percent === undefined ? "%" : locale.percent + "",
-             minus = locale.minus === undefined ? "−" : locale.minus + "",
-             nan = locale.nan === undefined ? "NaN" : locale.nan + "";
+       // `presetPreset` decorates a given `preset` Object
+       // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
+       //
 
-         function newFormat(specifier) {
-           specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier);
-           var fill = specifier.fill,
-               align = specifier.align,
-               sign = specifier.sign,
-               symbol = specifier.symbol,
-               zero = specifier.zero,
-               width = specifier.width,
-               comma = specifier.comma,
-               precision = specifier.precision,
-               trim = specifier.trim,
-               type = specifier.type; // The "n" type is an alias for ",g".
+       function presetPreset(presetID, preset, addable, allFields, allPresets) {
+         allFields = allFields || {};
+         allPresets = allPresets || {};
 
-           if (type === "n") comma = true, type = "g"; // The "" type, and any invalid type, is an alias for ".12~g".
-           else if (!formatTypes[type]) precision === undefined && (precision = 12), trim = true, type = "g"; // If zero fill is specified, padding goes after sign and before digits.
+         var _this = Object.assign({}, preset); // shallow copy
 
-           if (zero || fill === "0" && align === "=") zero = true, fill = "0", align = "="; // Compute the prefix and suffix.
-           // For SI-prefix, the suffix is lazily computed.
 
-           var prefix = symbol === "$" ? currencyPrefix : symbol === "#" && /[boxX]/.test(type) ? "0" + type.toLowerCase() : "",
-               suffix = symbol === "$" ? currencySuffix : /[%p]/.test(type) ? percent : ""; // What format function should we use?
-           // Is this an integer type?
-           // Can this type generate exponential notation?
+         var _addable = addable || false;
 
-           var formatType = formatTypes[type],
-               maybeSuffix = /[defgprs%]/.test(type); // Set the default precision if not specified,
-           // or clamp the specified precision to the supported range.
-           // For significant precision, it must be in [1, 21].
-           // For fixed precision, it must be in [0, 20].
+         var _resolvedFields; // cache
 
-           precision = precision === undefined ? 6 : /[gprs]/.test(type) ? Math.max(1, Math.min(21, precision)) : Math.max(0, Math.min(20, precision));
 
-           function format(value) {
-             var valuePrefix = prefix,
-                 valueSuffix = suffix,
-                 i,
-                 n,
-                 c;
+         var _resolvedMoreFields; // cache
 
-             if (type === "c") {
-               valueSuffix = formatType(value) + valueSuffix;
-               value = "";
-             } else {
-               value = +value; // Determine the sign. -0 is not less than 0, but 1 / -0 is!
 
-               var valueNegative = value < 0 || 1 / value < 0; // Perform the initial formatting.
+         var _searchName; // cache
 
-               value = isNaN(value) ? nan : formatType(Math.abs(value), precision); // Trim insignificant zeros.
 
-               if (trim) value = formatTrim(value); // If a negative value rounds to zero after formatting, and no explicit positive sign is requested, hide the sign.
+         var _searchNameStripped; // cache
 
-               if (valueNegative && +value === 0 && sign !== "+") valueNegative = false; // Compute the prefix and suffix.
 
-               valuePrefix = (valueNegative ? sign === "(" ? sign : minus : sign === "-" || sign === "(" ? "" : sign) + valuePrefix;
-               valueSuffix = (type === "s" ? prefixes[8 + prefixExponent / 3] : "") + valueSuffix + (valueNegative && sign === "(" ? ")" : ""); // Break the formatted value into the integer “value” part that can be
-               // grouped, and fractional or exponential “suffix” part that is not.
+         _this.id = presetID;
+         _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(presetID); // for use in css classes, selectors, element ids
 
-               if (maybeSuffix) {
-                 i = -1, n = value.length;
+         _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();
+         _this.originalName = _this.name || '';
+         _this.originalScore = _this.matchScore || 1;
+         _this.originalReference = _this.reference || {};
+         _this.originalFields = _this.fields || [];
+         _this.originalMoreFields = _this.moreFields || [];
 
-                 while (++i < n) {
-                   if (c = value.charCodeAt(i), 48 > c || c > 57) {
-                     valueSuffix = (c === 46 ? decimal + value.slice(i + 1) : value.slice(i)) + valueSuffix;
-                     value = value.slice(0, i);
-                     break;
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-             } // If the fill character is not "0", grouping is applied before padding.
+         _this.fields = function () {
+           return _resolvedFields || (_resolvedFields = resolve('fields'));
+         };
 
+         _this.moreFields = function () {
+           return _resolvedMoreFields || (_resolvedMoreFields = resolve('moreFields'));
+         };
 
-             if (comma && !zero) value = group(value, Infinity); // Compute the padding.
+         _this.resetFields = function () {
+           return _resolvedFields = _resolvedMoreFields = null;
+         };
 
-             var length = valuePrefix.length + value.length + valueSuffix.length,
-                 padding = length < width ? new Array(width - length + 1).join(fill) : ""; // If the fill character is "0", grouping is applied after padding.
+         _this.tags = _this.tags || {};
+         _this.addTags = _this.addTags || _this.tags;
+         _this.removeTags = _this.removeTags || _this.addTags;
+         _this.geometry = _this.geometry || [];
 
-             if (comma && zero) value = group(padding + value, padding.length ? width - valueSuffix.length : Infinity), padding = ""; // Reconstruct the final output based on the desired alignment.
+         _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) {
+           return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0;
+         };
 
-             switch (align) {
-               case "<":
-                 value = valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding;
-                 break;
+         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geoms) {
+           return geoms.every(_this.matchGeometry);
+         };
 
-               case "=":
-                 value = valuePrefix + padding + value + valueSuffix;
-                 break;
+         _this.matchScore = function (entityTags) {
+           var tags = _this.tags;
+           var seen = {};
+           var score = 0; // match on tags
 
-               case "^":
-                 value = padding.slice(0, length = padding.length >> 1) + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding.slice(length);
-                 break;
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             seen[k] = true;
 
-               default:
-                 value = padding + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix;
-                 break;
+             if (entityTags[k] === tags[k]) {
+               score += _this.originalScore;
+             } else if (tags[k] === '*' && k in entityTags) {
+               score += _this.originalScore / 2;
+             } else {
+               return -1;
              }
+           } // boost score for additional matches in addTags - #6802
 
-             return numerals(value);
+
+           var addTags = _this.addTags;
+
+           for (var _k in addTags) {
+             if (!seen[_k] && entityTags[_k] === addTags[_k]) {
+               score += _this.originalScore;
+             }
            }
 
-           format.toString = function () {
-             return specifier + "";
-           };
+           return score;
+         };
 
-           return format;
-         }
+         _this.t = function (scope, options) {
+           var textID = "_tagging.presets.presets.".concat(presetID, ".").concat(scope);
+           return _t(textID, options);
+         };
 
-         function formatPrefix(specifier, value) {
-           var f = newFormat((specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier), specifier.type = "f", specifier)),
-               e = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3,
-               k = Math.pow(10, -e),
-               prefix = prefixes[8 + e / 3];
-           return function (value) {
-             return f(k * value) + prefix;
-           };
-         }
+         _this.t.html = function (scope, options) {
+           var textID = "_tagging.presets.presets.".concat(presetID, ".").concat(scope);
+           return _t.html(textID, options);
+         };
 
-         return {
-           format: newFormat,
-           formatPrefix: formatPrefix
+         _this.name = function () {
+           return _this.t('name', {
+             'default': _this.originalName
+           });
          };
-       }
 
-       var locale;
-       var format;
-       var formatPrefix;
-       defaultLocale({
-         thousands: ",",
-         grouping: [3],
-         currency: ["$", ""]
-       });
-       function defaultLocale(definition) {
-         locale = formatLocale(definition);
-         format = locale.format;
-         formatPrefix = locale.formatPrefix;
-         return locale;
-       }
+         _this.nameLabel = function () {
+           return _this.t.html('name', {
+             'default': _this.originalName
+           });
+         };
 
-       function precisionFixed (step) {
-         return Math.max(0, -exponent(Math.abs(step)));
-       }
+         _this.subtitle = function () {
+           if (_this.suggestion) {
+             var path = presetID.split('/');
+             path.pop(); // remove brand name
 
-       function precisionPrefix (step, value) {
-         return Math.max(0, Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3 - exponent(Math.abs(step)));
-       }
+             return _t('_tagging.presets.presets.' + path.join('/') + '.name');
+           }
 
-       function precisionRound (step, max) {
-         step = Math.abs(step), max = Math.abs(max) - step;
-         return Math.max(0, exponent(max) - exponent(step)) + 1;
-       }
+           return null;
+         };
 
-       function tickFormat(start, stop, count, specifier) {
-         var step = tickStep(start, stop, count),
-             precision;
-         specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier == null ? ",f" : specifier);
+         _this.subtitleLabel = function () {
+           if (_this.suggestion) {
+             var path = presetID.split('/');
+             path.pop(); // remove brand name
 
-         switch (specifier.type) {
-           case "s":
-             {
-               var value = Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop));
-               if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionPrefix(step, value))) specifier.precision = precision;
-               return formatPrefix(specifier, value);
-             }
+             return _t.html('_tagging.presets.presets.' + path.join('/') + '.name');
+           }
 
-           case "":
-           case "e":
-           case "g":
-           case "p":
-           case "r":
-             {
-               if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionRound(step, Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop))))) specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "e");
-               break;
-             }
+           return null;
+         };
 
-           case "f":
-           case "%":
-             {
-               if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionFixed(step))) specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "%") * 2;
-               break;
-             }
-         }
+         _this.terms = function () {
+           return _this.t('terms', {
+             'default': _this.originalTerms
+           }).toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/);
+         };
 
-         return format(specifier);
-       }
+         _this.searchName = function () {
+           if (!_searchName) {
+             _searchName = (_this.suggestion ? _this.originalName : _this.name()).toLowerCase();
+           }
 
-       function linearish(scale) {
-         var domain = scale.domain;
+           return _searchName;
+         };
 
-         scale.ticks = function (count) {
-           var d = domain();
-           return ticks(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count);
+         _this.searchNameStripped = function () {
+           if (!_searchNameStripped) {
+             _searchNameStripped = _this.searchName(); // split combined diacritical characters into their parts
+
+             if (_searchNameStripped.normalize) _searchNameStripped = _searchNameStripped.normalize('NFD'); // remove diacritics
+
+             _searchNameStripped = _searchNameStripped.replace(/[\u0300-\u036f]/g, '');
+           }
+
+           return _searchNameStripped;
          };
 
-         scale.tickFormat = function (count, specifier) {
-           var d = domain();
-           return tickFormat(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count, specifier);
+         _this.isFallback = function () {
+           var tagCount = Object.keys(_this.tags).length;
+           return tagCount === 0 || tagCount === 1 && _this.tags.hasOwnProperty('area');
          };
 
-         scale.nice = function (count) {
-           if (count == null) count = 10;
-           var d = domain();
-           var i0 = 0;
-           var i1 = d.length - 1;
-           var start = d[i0];
-           var stop = d[i1];
-           var prestep;
-           var step;
-           var maxIter = 10;
+         _this.addable = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _addable;
+           _addable = val;
+           return _this;
+         };
 
-           if (stop < start) {
-             step = start, start = stop, stop = step;
-             step = i0, i0 = i1, i1 = step;
+         _this.reference = function () {
+           // Lookup documentation on Wikidata...
+           var qid = _this.tags.wikidata || _this.tags['flag:wikidata'] || _this.tags['brand:wikidata'] || _this.tags['network:wikidata'] || _this.tags['operator:wikidata'];
+
+           if (qid) {
+             return {
+               qid: qid
+             };
+           } // Lookup documentation on OSM Wikibase...
+
+
+           var key = _this.originalReference.key || Object.keys(utilObjectOmit(_this.tags, 'name'))[0];
+           var value = _this.originalReference.value || _this.tags[key];
+
+           if (value === '*') {
+             return {
+               key: key
+             };
+           } else {
+             return {
+               key: key,
+               value: value
+             };
            }
+         };
 
-           while (maxIter-- > 0) {
-             step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count);
+         _this.unsetTags = function (tags, geometry, ignoringKeys, skipFieldDefaults) {
+           // allow manually keeping some tags
+           var removeTags = ignoringKeys ? utilObjectOmit(_this.removeTags, ignoringKeys) : _this.removeTags;
+           tags = utilObjectOmit(tags, Object.keys(removeTags));
 
-             if (step === prestep) {
-               d[i0] = start;
-               d[i1] = stop;
-               return domain(d);
-             } else if (step > 0) {
-               start = Math.floor(start / step) * step;
-               stop = Math.ceil(stop / step) * step;
-             } else if (step < 0) {
-               start = Math.ceil(start * step) / step;
-               stop = Math.floor(stop * step) / step;
+           if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
+             _this.fields().forEach(function (field) {
+               if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && field["default"] === tags[field.key]) {
+                 delete tags[field.key];
+               }
+             });
+           }
+
+           delete tags.area;
+           return tags;
+         };
+
+         _this.setTags = function (tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults) {
+           var addTags = _this.addTags;
+           tags = Object.assign({}, tags); // shallow copy
+
+           for (var k in addTags) {
+             if (addTags[k] === '*') {
+               // if this tag is ancillary, don't override an existing value since any value is okay
+               if (_this.tags[k] || !tags[k] || tags[k] === 'no') {
+                 tags[k] = 'yes';
+               }
              } else {
-               break;
+               tags[k] = addTags[k];
              }
+           } // Add area=yes if necessary.
+           // This is necessary if the geometry is already an area (e.g. user drew an area) AND any of:
+           // 1. chosen preset could be either an area or a line (`barrier=city_wall`)
+           // 2. chosen preset doesn't have a key in osmAreaKeys (`railway=station`)
 
-             prestep = step;
-           }
 
-           return scale;
-         };
+           if (!addTags.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
+             delete tags.area;
 
-         return scale;
-       }
-       function linear$2() {
-         var scale = continuous();
+             if (geometry === 'area') {
+               var needsAreaTag = true;
 
-         scale.copy = function () {
-           return copy(scale, linear$2());
-         };
+               if (_this.geometry.indexOf('line') === -1) {
+                 for (var _k2 in addTags) {
+                   if (_k2 in osmAreaKeys) {
+                     needsAreaTag = false;
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-         initRange.apply(scale, arguments);
-         return linearish(scale);
-       }
+               if (needsAreaTag) {
+                 tags.area = 'yes';
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-       var nativeExpm1 = Math.expm1;
-       var exp$1 = Math.exp;
+           if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
+             _this.fields().forEach(function (field) {
+               if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && !tags[field.key] && field["default"]) {
+                 tags[field.key] = field["default"];
+               }
+             });
+           }
 
-       // `Math.expm1` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-math.expm1
-       var mathExpm1 = (!nativeExpm1
-         // Old FF bug
-         || nativeExpm1(10) > 22025.465794806719 || nativeExpm1(10) < 22025.4657948067165168
-         // Tor Browser bug
-         || nativeExpm1(-2e-17) != -2e-17
-       ) ? function expm1(x) {
-         return (x = +x) == 0 ? x : x > -1e-6 && x < 1e-6 ? x + x * x / 2 : exp$1(x) - 1;
-       } : nativeExpm1;
+           return tags;
+         }; // For a preset without fields, use the fields of the parent preset.
+         // Replace {preset} placeholders with the fields of the specified presets.
 
-       function quantize() {
-         var x0 = 0,
-             x1 = 1,
-             n = 1,
-             domain = [0.5],
-             range = [0, 1],
-             unknown;
 
-         function scale(x) {
-           return x <= x ? range[bisectRight(domain, x, 0, n)] : unknown;
-         }
+         function resolve(which) {
+           var fieldIDs = which === 'fields' ? _this.originalFields : _this.originalMoreFields;
+           var resolved = [];
+           fieldIDs.forEach(function (fieldID) {
+             var match = fieldID.match(/\{(.*)\}/);
 
-         function rescale() {
-           var i = -1;
-           domain = new Array(n);
+             if (match !== null) {
+               // a presetID wrapped in braces {}
+               resolved = resolved.concat(inheritFields(match[1], which));
+             } else if (allFields[fieldID]) {
+               // a normal fieldID
+               resolved.push(allFields[fieldID]);
+             } else {
+               console.log("Cannot resolve \"".concat(fieldID, "\" found in ").concat(_this.id, ".").concat(which)); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+             }
+           }); // no fields resolved, so use the parent's if possible
 
-           while (++i < n) {
-             domain[i] = ((i + 1) * x1 - (i - n) * x0) / (n + 1);
+           if (!resolved.length) {
+             var endIndex = _this.id.lastIndexOf('/');
+
+             var parentID = endIndex && _this.id.substring(0, endIndex);
+
+             if (parentID) {
+               resolved = inheritFields(parentID, which);
+             }
            }
 
-           return scale;
+           return utilArrayUniq(resolved); // returns an array of fields to inherit from the given presetID, if found
+
+           function inheritFields(presetID, which) {
+             var parent = allPresets[presetID];
+             if (!parent) return [];
+
+             if (which === 'fields') {
+               return parent.fields().filter(shouldInherit);
+             } else if (which === 'moreFields') {
+               return parent.moreFields();
+             } else {
+               return [];
+             }
+           } // Skip `fields` for the keys which define the preset.
+           // These are usually `typeCombo` fields like `shop=*`
+
+
+           function shouldInherit(f) {
+             if (f.key && _this.tags[f.key] !== undefined && // inherit anyway if multiple values are allowed or just a checkbox
+             f.type !== 'multiCombo' && f.type !== 'semiCombo' && f.type !== 'manyCombo' && f.type !== 'check') return false;
+             return true;
+           }
          }
 
-         scale.domain = function (_) {
-           var _ref, _ref2;
+         return _this;
+       }
+
+       var _mainPresetIndex = presetIndex(); // singleton
+       // `presetIndex` wraps a `presetCollection`
+       // with methods for loading new data and returning defaults
+       //
+
+       function presetIndex() {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('favoritePreset', 'recentsChange');
+         var MAXRECENTS = 30; // seed the preset lists with geometry fallbacks
+
+         var POINT = presetPreset('point', {
+           name: 'Point',
+           tags: {},
+           geometry: ['point', 'vertex'],
+           matchScore: 0.1
+         });
+         var LINE = presetPreset('line', {
+           name: 'Line',
+           tags: {},
+           geometry: ['line'],
+           matchScore: 0.1
+         });
+         var AREA = presetPreset('area', {
+           name: 'Area',
+           tags: {
+             area: 'yes'
+           },
+           geometry: ['area'],
+           matchScore: 0.1
+         });
+         var RELATION = presetPreset('relation', {
+           name: 'Relation',
+           tags: {},
+           geometry: ['relation'],
+           matchScore: 0.1
+         });
+
+         var _this = presetCollection([POINT, LINE, AREA, RELATION]);
 
-           return arguments.length ? ((_ref = _, _ref2 = _slicedToArray(_ref, 2), x0 = _ref2[0], x1 = _ref2[1], _ref), x0 = +x0, x1 = +x1, rescale()) : [x0, x1];
+         var _presets = {
+           point: POINT,
+           line: LINE,
+           area: AREA,
+           relation: RELATION
          };
-
-         scale.range = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (n = (range = Array.from(_)).length - 1, rescale()) : range.slice();
+         var _defaults = {
+           point: presetCollection([POINT]),
+           vertex: presetCollection([POINT]),
+           line: presetCollection([LINE]),
+           area: presetCollection([AREA]),
+           relation: presetCollection([RELATION])
          };
+         var _fields = {};
+         var _categories = {};
+         var _universal = [];
+         var _addablePresetIDs = null; // Set of preset IDs that the user can add
 
-         scale.invertExtent = function (y) {
-           var i = range.indexOf(y);
-           return i < 0 ? [NaN, NaN] : i < 1 ? [x0, domain[0]] : i >= n ? [domain[n - 1], x1] : [domain[i - 1], domain[i]];
-         };
+         var _recents;
 
-         scale.unknown = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : scale;
-         };
+         var _favorites; // Index of presets by (geometry, tag key).
 
-         scale.thresholds = function () {
-           return domain.slice();
-         };
 
-         scale.copy = function () {
-           return quantize().domain([x0, x1]).range(range).unknown(unknown);
+         var _geometryIndex = {
+           point: {},
+           vertex: {},
+           line: {},
+           area: {},
+           relation: {}
          };
 
-         return initRange.apply(linearish(scale), arguments);
-       }
-
-       // https://github.com/tc39/proposal-string-pad-start-end
+         var _loadPromise;
 
+         _this.ensureLoaded = function () {
+           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
+           return _loadPromise = Promise.all([_mainFileFetcher.get('preset_categories'), _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_defaults'), _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_presets'), _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_fields')]).then(function (vals) {
+             _this.merge({
+               categories: vals[0],
+               defaults: vals[1],
+               presets: vals[2],
+               fields: vals[3]
+             });
 
+             osmSetAreaKeys(_this.areaKeys());
+             osmSetPointTags(_this.pointTags());
+             osmSetVertexTags(_this.vertexTags());
+           });
+         }; // `merge` accepts an object containing new preset data (all properties optional):
+         // {
+         //   fields: {},
+         //   presets: {},
+         //   categories: {},
+         //   defaults: {},
+         //   featureCollection: {}
+         //}
 
 
-       var ceil$1 = Math.ceil;
+         _this.merge = function (d) {
+           var newLocationSets = []; // Merge Fields
 
-       // `String.prototype.{ padStart, padEnd }` methods implementation
-       var createMethod$6 = function (IS_END) {
-         return function ($this, maxLength, fillString) {
-           var S = String(requireObjectCoercible($this));
-           var stringLength = S.length;
-           var fillStr = fillString === undefined ? ' ' : String(fillString);
-           var intMaxLength = toLength(maxLength);
-           var fillLen, stringFiller;
-           if (intMaxLength <= stringLength || fillStr == '') return S;
-           fillLen = intMaxLength - stringLength;
-           stringFiller = stringRepeat.call(fillStr, ceil$1(fillLen / fillStr.length));
-           if (stringFiller.length > fillLen) stringFiller = stringFiller.slice(0, fillLen);
-           return IS_END ? S + stringFiller : stringFiller + S;
-         };
-       };
+           if (d.fields) {
+             Object.keys(d.fields).forEach(function (fieldID) {
+               var f = d.fields[fieldID];
 
-       var stringPad = {
-         // `String.prototype.padStart` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.padstart
-         start: createMethod$6(false),
-         // `String.prototype.padEnd` method
-         // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.padend
-         end: createMethod$6(true)
-       };
+               if (f) {
+                 // add or replace
+                 f = presetField(fieldID, f);
+                 if (f.locationSet) newLocationSets.push(f);
+                 _fields[fieldID] = f;
+               } else {
+                 // remove
+                 delete _fields[fieldID];
+               }
+             });
+           } // Merge Presets
 
-       var padStart = stringPad.start;
 
-       var abs$3 = Math.abs;
-       var DatePrototype$1 = Date.prototype;
-       var getTime$1 = DatePrototype$1.getTime;
-       var nativeDateToISOString = DatePrototype$1.toISOString;
+           if (d.presets) {
+             Object.keys(d.presets).forEach(function (presetID) {
+               var p = d.presets[presetID];
 
-       // `Date.prototype.toISOString` method implementation
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.toisostring
-       // PhantomJS / old WebKit fails here:
-       var dateToIsoString = (fails(function () {
-         return nativeDateToISOString.call(new Date(-5e13 - 1)) != '0385-07-25T07:06:39.999Z';
-       }) || !fails(function () {
-         nativeDateToISOString.call(new Date(NaN));
-       })) ? function toISOString() {
-         if (!isFinite(getTime$1.call(this))) throw RangeError('Invalid time value');
-         var date = this;
-         var year = date.getUTCFullYear();
-         var milliseconds = date.getUTCMilliseconds();
-         var sign = year < 0 ? '-' : year > 9999 ? '+' : '';
-         return sign + padStart(abs$3(year), sign ? 6 : 4, 0) +
-           '-' + padStart(date.getUTCMonth() + 1, 2, 0) +
-           '-' + padStart(date.getUTCDate(), 2, 0) +
-           'T' + padStart(date.getUTCHours(), 2, 0) +
-           ':' + padStart(date.getUTCMinutes(), 2, 0) +
-           ':' + padStart(date.getUTCSeconds(), 2, 0) +
-           '.' + padStart(milliseconds, 3, 0) +
-           'Z';
-       } : nativeDateToISOString;
+               if (p) {
+                 // add or replace
+                 var isAddable = !_addablePresetIDs || _addablePresetIDs.has(presetID);
 
-       // `Date.prototype.toISOString` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.toisostring
-       // PhantomJS / old WebKit has a broken implementations
-       _export({ target: 'Date', proto: true, forced: Date.prototype.toISOString !== dateToIsoString }, {
-         toISOString: dateToIsoString
-       });
+                 p = presetPreset(presetID, p, isAddable, _fields, _presets);
+                 if (p.locationSet) newLocationSets.push(p);
+                 _presets[presetID] = p;
+               } else {
+                 // remove (but not if it's a fallback)
+                 var existing = _presets[presetID];
 
-       function behaviorBreathe() {
-         var duration = 800;
-         var steps = 4;
-         var selector = '.selected.shadow, .selected .shadow';
+                 if (existing && !existing.isFallback()) {
+                   delete _presets[presetID];
+                 }
+               }
+             });
+           } // Merge Categories
 
-         var _selected = select(null);
 
-         var _classed = '';
-         var _params = {};
-         var _done = false;
+           if (d.categories) {
+             Object.keys(d.categories).forEach(function (categoryID) {
+               var c = d.categories[categoryID];
 
-         var _timer;
+               if (c) {
+                 // add or replace
+                 c = presetCategory(categoryID, c, _presets);
+                 if (c.locationSet) newLocationSets.push(c);
+                 _categories[categoryID] = c;
+               } else {
+                 // remove
+                 delete _categories[categoryID];
+               }
+             });
+           } // Rebuild _this.collection after changing presets and categories
 
-         function ratchetyInterpolator(a, b, steps, units) {
-           a = parseFloat(a);
-           b = parseFloat(b);
-           var sample = quantize().domain([0, 1]).range(d3_quantize(d3_interpolateNumber(a, b), steps));
-           return function (t) {
-             return String(sample(t)) + (units || '');
-           };
-         }
 
-         function reset(selection) {
-           selection.style('stroke-opacity', null).style('stroke-width', null).style('fill-opacity', null).style('r', null);
-         }
+           _this.collection = Object.values(_presets).concat(Object.values(_categories)); // Merge Defaults
 
-         function setAnimationParams(transition, fromTo) {
-           var toFrom = fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from';
-           transition.styleTween('stroke-opacity', function (d) {
-             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].opacity, _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity, steps);
-           }).styleTween('stroke-width', function (d) {
-             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].width, _params[d.id][fromTo].width, steps, 'px');
-           }).styleTween('fill-opacity', function (d) {
-             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].opacity, _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity, steps);
-           }).styleTween('r', function (d) {
-             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].width, _params[d.id][fromTo].width, steps, 'px');
-           });
-         }
+           if (d.defaults) {
+             Object.keys(d.defaults).forEach(function (geometry) {
+               var def = d.defaults[geometry];
 
-         function calcAnimationParams(selection) {
-           selection.call(reset).each(function (d) {
-             var s = select(this);
-             var tag = s.node().tagName;
-             var p = {
-               'from': {},
-               'to': {}
-             };
-             var opacity;
-             var width; // determine base opacity and width
+               if (Array.isArray(def)) {
+                 // add or replace
+                 _defaults[geometry] = presetCollection(def.map(function (id) {
+                   return _presets[id] || _categories[id];
+                 }).filter(Boolean));
+               } else {
+                 // remove
+                 delete _defaults[geometry];
+               }
+             });
+           } // Rebuild universal fields array
 
-             if (tag === 'circle') {
-               opacity = parseFloat(s.style('fill-opacity') || 0.5);
-               width = parseFloat(s.style('r') || 15.5);
-             } else {
-               opacity = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-opacity') || 0.7);
-               width = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-width') || 10);
-             } // calculate from/to interpolation params..
 
+           _universal = Object.values(_fields).filter(function (field) {
+             return field.universal;
+           }); // Reset all the preset fields - they'll need to be resolved again
 
-             p.tag = tag;
-             p.from.opacity = opacity * 0.6;
-             p.to.opacity = opacity * 1.25;
-             p.from.width = width * 0.7;
-             p.to.width = width * (tag === 'circle' ? 1.5 : 1);
-             _params[d.id] = p;
-           });
-         }
+           Object.values(_presets).forEach(function (preset) {
+             return preset.resetFields();
+           }); // Rebuild geometry index
 
-         function run(surface, fromTo) {
-           var toFrom = fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from';
-           var currSelected = surface.selectAll(selector);
-           var currClassed = surface.attr('class');
+           _geometryIndex = {
+             point: {},
+             vertex: {},
+             line: {},
+             area: {},
+             relation: {}
+           };
 
-           if (_done || currSelected.empty()) {
-             _selected.call(reset);
+           _this.collection.forEach(function (preset) {
+             (preset.geometry || []).forEach(function (geometry) {
+               var g = _geometryIndex[geometry];
 
-             _selected = select(null);
-             return;
-           }
+               for (var key in preset.tags) {
+                 g[key] = g[key] || {};
+                 var value = preset.tags[key];
+                 (g[key][value] = g[key][value] || []).push(preset);
+               }
+             });
+           }); // Merge Custom Features
 
-           if (!fastDeepEqual(currSelected.data(), _selected.data()) || currClassed !== _classed) {
-             _selected.call(reset);
 
-             _classed = currClassed;
-             _selected = currSelected.call(calcAnimationParams);
-           }
+           if (d.featureCollection && Array.isArray(d.featureCollection.features)) {
+             _mainLocations.mergeCustomGeoJSON(d.featureCollection);
+           } // Resolve all locationSet features.
 
-           var didCallNextRun = false;
 
-           _selected.transition().duration(duration).call(setAnimationParams, fromTo).on('end', function () {
-             // `end` event is called for each selected element, but we want
-             // it to run only once
-             if (!didCallNextRun) {
-               surface.call(run, toFrom);
-               didCallNextRun = true;
-             } // if entity was deselected, remove breathe styling
+           if (newLocationSets.length) {
+             _mainLocations.mergeLocationSets(newLocationSets);
+           }
 
+           return _this;
+         };
 
-             if (!select(this).classed('selected')) {
-               reset(select(this));
-             }
-           });
-         }
+         _this.match = function (entity, resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](entity, 'presetMatch', function () {
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(resolver); // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices - #3241
 
-         function behavior(surface) {
-           _done = false;
-           _timer = timer(function () {
-             // wait for elements to actually become selected
-             if (surface.selectAll(selector).empty()) {
-               return false;
+             if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) {
+               geometry = 'point';
              }
 
-             surface.call(run, 'from');
+             var entityExtent = entity.extent(resolver);
+             return _this.matchTags(entity.tags, geometry, entityExtent.center());
+           });
+         };
 
-             _timer.stop();
+         _this.matchTags = function (tags, geometry, loc) {
+           var keyIndex = _geometryIndex[geometry];
+           var bestScore = -1;
+           var bestMatch;
+           var matchCandidates = [];
 
-             return true;
-           }, 20);
-         }
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             var indexMatches = [];
+             var valueIndex = keyIndex[k];
+             if (!valueIndex) continue;
+             var keyValueMatches = valueIndex[tags[k]];
+             if (keyValueMatches) indexMatches.push.apply(indexMatches, _toConsumableArray(keyValueMatches));
+             var keyStarMatches = valueIndex['*'];
+             if (keyStarMatches) indexMatches.push.apply(indexMatches, _toConsumableArray(keyStarMatches));
+             if (indexMatches.length === 0) continue;
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < indexMatches.length; i++) {
+               var candidate = indexMatches[i];
+               var score = candidate.matchScore(tags);
+
+               if (score === -1) {
+                 continue;
+               }
 
-         behavior.restartIfNeeded = function (surface) {
-           if (_selected.empty()) {
-             surface.call(run, 'from');
+               matchCandidates.push({
+                 score: score,
+                 candidate: candidate
+               });
 
-             if (_timer) {
-               _timer.stop();
+               if (score > bestScore) {
+                 bestScore = score;
+                 bestMatch = candidate;
+               }
              }
            }
-         };
 
-         behavior.off = function () {
-           _done = true;
-
-           if (_timer) {
-             _timer.stop();
-           }
+           if (bestMatch && bestMatch.locationSetID && bestMatch.locationSetID !== '+[Q2]' && Array.isArray(loc)) {
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(loc);
 
-           _selected.interrupt().call(reset);
-         };
+             if (!validLocations[bestMatch.locationSetID]) {
+               matchCandidates.sort(function (a, b) {
+                 return a.score < b.score ? 1 : -1;
+               });
 
-         return behavior;
-       }
+               for (var _i = 0; _i < matchCandidates.length; _i++) {
+                 var candidateScore = matchCandidates[_i];
 
-       /* Creates a keybinding behavior for an operation */
-       function behaviorOperation(context) {
-         var _operation;
+                 if (!candidateScore.candidate.locationSetID || validLocations[candidateScore.candidate.locationSetID]) {
+                   bestMatch = candidateScore.candidate;
+                   bestScore = candidateScore.score;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           } // If any part of an address is present, allow fallback to "Address" preset - #4353
 
-         function keypress(d3_event) {
-           // prevent operations during low zoom selection
-           if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
-           if (_operation.availableForKeypress && !_operation.availableForKeypress()) return;
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-           var disabled = _operation.disabled();
+           if (!bestMatch || bestMatch.isFallback()) {
+             for (var _k in tags) {
+               if (/^addr:/.test(_k) && keyIndex['addr:*'] && keyIndex['addr:*']['*']) {
+                 bestMatch = keyIndex['addr:*']['*'][0];
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           if (disabled) {
-             context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id).iconClass('operation disabled').label(_operation.tooltip)();
-           } else {
-             context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id).iconClass('operation').label(_operation.annotation() || _operation.title)();
-             if (_operation.point) _operation.point(null);
+           return bestMatch || _this.fallback(geometry);
+         };
 
-             _operation();
-           }
-         }
+         _this.allowsVertex = function (entity, resolver) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'node') return false;
+           if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) return true;
+           return resolver["transient"](entity, 'vertexMatch', function () {
+             // address lines allow vertices to act as standalone points
+             if (entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) return true;
+             var geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);
+             if (geometries.vertex) return true;
+             if (geometries.point) return false; // allow vertices for unspecified points
 
-         function behavior() {
-           if (_operation && _operation.available()) {
-             context.keybinding().on(_operation.keys, keypress);
-           }
+             return true;
+           });
+         }; // Because of the open nature of tagging, iD will never have a complete
+         // list of tags used in OSM, so we want it to have logic like "assume
+         // that a closed way with an amenity tag is an area, unless the amenity
+         // is one of these specific types". This function computes a structure
+         // that allows testing of such conditions, based on the presets designated
+         // as as supporting (or not supporting) the area geometry.
+         //
+         // The returned object L is a keeplist/discardlist of tags. A closed way
+         // with a tag (k, v) is considered to be an area if `k in L && !(v in L[k])`
+         // (see `Way#isArea()`). In other words, the keys of L form the keeplist,
+         // and the subkeys form the discardlist.
 
-           return behavior;
-         }
 
-         behavior.off = function () {
-           context.keybinding().off(_operation.keys);
-         };
+         _this.areaKeys = function () {
+           // The ignore list is for keys that imply lines. (We always add `area=yes` for exceptions)
+           var ignore = ['barrier', 'highway', 'footway', 'railway', 'junction', 'type'];
+           var areaKeys = {}; // ignore name-suggestion-index and deprecated presets
 
-         behavior.which = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _operation;
-           _operation = _;
-           return behavior;
-         };
+           var presets = _this.collection.filter(function (p) {
+             return !p.suggestion && !p.replacement;
+           }); // keeplist
 
-         return behavior;
-       }
 
-       function operationCircularize(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var _extent;
+           presets.forEach(function (p) {
+             var keys = p.tags && Object.keys(p.tags);
+             var key = keys && keys.length && keys[0]; // pick the first tag
 
-         var _actions = selectedIDs.map(getAction).filter(Boolean);
+             if (!key) return;
+             if (ignore.indexOf(key) !== -1) return;
 
-         var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+             if (p.geometry.indexOf('area') !== -1) {
+               // probably an area..
+               areaKeys[key] = areaKeys[key] || {};
+             }
+           }); // discardlist
 
-         var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).map(function (n) {
-           return n.loc;
-         });
+           presets.forEach(function (p) {
+             var key;
 
-         function getAction(entityID) {
-           var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-           if (entity.type !== 'way' || new Set(entity.nodes).size <= 1) return null;
+             for (key in p.addTags) {
+               // examine all addTags to get a better sense of what can be tagged on lines - #6800
+               var value = p.addTags[key];
 
-           if (!_extent) {
-             _extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
-           } else {
-             _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-           }
+               if (key in areaKeys && // probably an area...
+               p.geometry.indexOf('line') !== -1 && // but sometimes a line
+               value !== '*') {
+                 areaKeys[key][value] = true;
+               }
+             }
+           });
+           return areaKeys;
+         };
 
-           return actionCircularize(entityID, context.projection);
-         }
+         _this.pointTags = function () {
+           return _this.collection.reduce(function (pointTags, d) {
+             // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
+             if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) return pointTags; // only care about the primary tag
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           if (!_actions.length) return;
+             var keys = d.tags && Object.keys(d.tags);
+             var key = keys && keys.length && keys[0]; // pick the first tag
 
-           var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph, t) {
-             _actions.forEach(function (action) {
-               if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
-                 graph = action(graph, t);
-               }
-             });
+             if (!key) return pointTags; // if this can be a point
 
-             return graph;
-           };
+             if (d.geometry.indexOf('point') !== -1) {
+               pointTags[key] = pointTags[key] || {};
+               pointTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
+             }
 
-           combinedAction.transitionable = true;
-           context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             context.validator().validate();
-           }, 300); // after any transition
+             return pointTags;
+           }, {});
          };
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
-         }; // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
-
+         _this.vertexTags = function () {
+           return _this.collection.reduce(function (vertexTags, d) {
+             // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
+             if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) return vertexTags; // only care about the primary tag
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           if (!_actions.length) return '';
+             var keys = d.tags && Object.keys(d.tags);
+             var key = keys && keys.length && keys[0]; // pick the first tag
 
-           var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function (action) {
-             return action.disabled(context.graph());
-           }).filter(Boolean);
+             if (!key) return vertexTags; // if this can be a vertex
 
-           if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
-             // none of the features can be circularized
-             if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
-               return 'multiple_blockers';
+             if (d.geometry.indexOf('vertex') !== -1) {
+               vertexTags[key] = vertexTags[key] || {};
+               vertexTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
              }
 
-             return actionDisableds[0];
-           } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large';
-           } else if (someMissing()) {
-             return 'not_downloaded';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
-           }
-
-           return false;
+             return vertexTags;
+           }, {});
+         };
 
-           function someMissing() {
-             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-             var osm = context.connection();
+         _this.field = function (id) {
+           return _fields[id];
+         };
 
-             if (osm) {
-               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
-                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
-               });
+         _this.universal = function () {
+           return _universal;
+         };
 
-               if (missing.length) {
-                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
-                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
-                 });
-                 return true;
-               }
-             }
+         _this.defaults = function (geometry, n, startWithRecents, loc) {
+           var recents = [];
 
-             return false;
+           if (startWithRecents) {
+             recents = _this.recent().matchGeometry(geometry).collection.slice(0, 4);
            }
-         };
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.circularize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) : _t('operations.circularize.description.' + _amount);
-         };
+           var defaults;
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.circularize.annotation.feature', {
-             n: _actions.length
-           });
-         };
+           if (_addablePresetIDs) {
+             defaults = Array.from(_addablePresetIDs).map(function (id) {
+               var preset = _this.item(id);
 
-         operation.id = 'circularize';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.circularize.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.circularize.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+               if (preset && preset.matchGeometry(geometry)) return preset;
+               return null;
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+           } else {
+             defaults = _defaults[geometry].collection.concat(_this.fallback(geometry));
+           }
 
-       // For example, ⌘Z -> Ctrl+Z
+           var result = presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(recents.concat(defaults)).slice(0, n - 1));
 
-       var uiCmd = function uiCmd(code) {
-         var detected = utilDetect();
+           if (Array.isArray(loc)) {
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(loc);
+             result.collection = result.collection.filter(function (a) {
+               return !a.locationSetID || validLocations[a.locationSetID];
+             });
+           }
 
-         if (detected.os === 'mac') {
-           return code;
-         }
+           return result;
+         }; // pass a Set of addable preset ids
 
-         if (detected.os === 'win') {
-           if (code === '⌘⇧Z') return 'Ctrl+Y';
-         }
 
-         var result = '',
-             replacements = {
-           '⌘': 'Ctrl',
-           '⇧': 'Shift',
-           '⌥': 'Alt',
-           '⌫': 'Backspace',
-           '⌦': 'Delete'
-         };
+         _this.addablePresetIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _addablePresetIDs; // accept and convert arrays
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < code.length; i++) {
-           if (code[i] in replacements) {
-             result += replacements[code[i]] + (i < code.length - 1 ? '+' : '');
+           if (Array.isArray(val)) val = new Set(val);
+           _addablePresetIDs = val;
+
+           if (_addablePresetIDs) {
+             // reset all presets
+             _this.collection.forEach(function (p) {
+               // categories aren't addable
+               if (p.addable) p.addable(_addablePresetIDs.has(p.id));
+             });
            } else {
-             result += code[i];
+             _this.collection.forEach(function (p) {
+               if (p.addable) p.addable(true);
+             });
            }
-         }
 
-         return result;
-       }; // return a display-focused string for a given keyboard code
+           return _this;
+         };
 
-       uiCmd.display = function (code) {
-         if (code.length !== 1) return code;
-         var detected = utilDetect();
-         var mac = detected.os === 'mac';
-         var replacements = {
-           '⌘': mac ? '⌘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.cmd') : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
-           '⇧': mac ? '⇧ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.shift') : _t('shortcuts.key.shift'),
-           '⌥': mac ? '⌥ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.option') : _t('shortcuts.key.alt'),
-           '⌃': mac ? '⌃ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl') : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
-           '⌫': mac ? '⌫ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.delete') : _t('shortcuts.key.backspace'),
-           '⌦': mac ? '⌦ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.del') : _t('shortcuts.key.del'),
-           '↖': mac ? '↖ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgup') : _t('shortcuts.key.pgup'),
-           '↘': mac ? '↘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn') : _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn'),
-           '⇞': mac ? '⇞ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.home') : _t('shortcuts.key.home'),
-           '⇟': mac ? '⇟ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.end') : _t('shortcuts.key.end'),
-           '↵': mac ? '⏎ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.return') : _t('shortcuts.key.enter'),
-           '⎋': mac ? '⎋ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.esc') : _t('shortcuts.key.esc'),
-           '☰': mac ? '☰ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.menu') : _t('shortcuts.key.menu')
+         _this.recent = function () {
+           return presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(_this.getRecents().map(function (d) {
+             return d.preset;
+           })));
          };
-         return replacements[code] || code;
-       };
 
-       function operationDelete(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
-         var action = actionDeleteMultiple(selectedIDs);
-         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
-           return n.loc;
-         });
-         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         function RibbonItem(preset, source) {
+           var item = {};
+           item.preset = preset;
+           item.source = source;
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           var nextSelectedID;
-           var nextSelectedLoc;
+           item.isFavorite = function () {
+             return item.source === 'favorite';
+           };
 
-           if (selectedIDs.length === 1) {
-             var id = selectedIDs[0];
-             var entity = context.entity(id);
-             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
-             var parents = context.graph().parentWays(entity);
-             var parent = parents[0]; // Select the next closest node in the way.
+           item.isRecent = function () {
+             return item.source === 'recent';
+           };
 
-             if (geometry === 'vertex') {
-               var nodes = parent.nodes;
-               var i = nodes.indexOf(id);
+           item.matches = function (preset) {
+             return item.preset.id === preset.id;
+           };
 
-               if (i === 0) {
-                 i++;
-               } else if (i === nodes.length - 1) {
-                 i--;
-               } else {
-                 var a = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i - 1]).loc);
-                 var b = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i + 1]).loc);
-                 i = a < b ? i - 1 : i + 1;
-               }
+           item.minified = function () {
+             return {
+               pID: item.preset.id
+             };
+           };
 
-               nextSelectedID = nodes[i];
-               nextSelectedLoc = context.entity(nextSelectedID).loc;
-             }
-           }
+           return item;
+         }
 
-           context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
-           context.validator().validate();
+         function ribbonItemForMinified(d, source) {
+           if (d && d.pID) {
+             var preset = _this.item(d.pID);
 
-           if (nextSelectedID && nextSelectedLoc) {
-             if (context.hasEntity(nextSelectedID)) {
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [nextSelectedID]).follow(true));
-             } else {
-               context.map().centerEase(nextSelectedLoc);
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-             }
-           } else {
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             if (!preset) return null;
+             return RibbonItem(preset, source);
            }
+
+           return null;
+         }
+
+         _this.getGenericRibbonItems = function () {
+           return ['point', 'line', 'area'].map(function (id) {
+             return RibbonItem(_this.item(id), 'generic');
+           });
          };
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return true;
+         _this.getAddable = function () {
+           if (!_addablePresetIDs) return [];
+           return _addablePresetIDs.map(function (id) {
+             var preset = _this.item(id);
+
+             if (preset) return RibbonItem(preset, 'addable');
+             return null;
+           }).filter(Boolean);
          };
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large';
-           } else if (someMissing()) {
-             return 'not_downloaded';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(protectedMember)) {
-             return 'part_of_relation';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
-             return 'incomplete_relation';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
-             return 'has_wikidata_tag';
+         function setRecents(items) {
+           _recents = items;
+           var minifiedItems = items.map(function (d) {
+             return d.minified();
+           });
+           corePreferences('preset_recents', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems));
+           dispatch.call('recentsChange');
+         }
+
+         _this.getRecents = function () {
+           if (!_recents) {
+             // fetch from local storage
+             _recents = (JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_recents')) || []).reduce(function (acc, d) {
+               var item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'recent');
+               if (item && item.preset.addable()) acc.push(item);
+               return acc;
+             }, []);
            }
 
-           return false;
+           return _recents;
+         };
 
-           function someMissing() {
-             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-             var osm = context.connection();
+         _this.addRecent = function (preset, besidePreset, after) {
+           var recents = _this.getRecents();
 
-             if (osm) {
-               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
-                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
-               });
+           var beforeItem = _this.recentMatching(besidePreset);
 
-               if (missing.length) {
-                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
-                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
-                 });
-                 return true;
-               }
-             }
+           var toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
+           if (after) toIndex += 1;
+           var newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
+           recents.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
+           setRecents(recents);
+         };
 
-             return false;
-           }
+         _this.removeRecent = function (preset) {
+           var item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
 
-           function hasWikidataTag(id) {
-             var entity = context.entity(id);
-             return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
-           }
+           if (item) {
+             var items = _this.getRecents();
 
-           function incompleteRelation(id) {
-             var entity = context.entity(id);
-             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
+             setRecents(items);
            }
+         };
 
-           function protectedMember(id) {
-             var entity = context.entity(id);
-             if (entity.type !== 'way') return false;
-             var parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-               var parent = parents[i];
-               var type = parent.tags.type;
-               var role = parent.memberById(id).role || 'outer';
+         _this.recentMatching = function (preset) {
+           var items = _this.getRecents();
 
-               if (type === 'route' || type === 'boundary' || type === 'multipolygon' && role === 'outer') {
-                 return true;
-               }
+           for (var i in items) {
+             if (items[i].matches(preset)) {
+               return items[i];
              }
-
-             return false;
            }
-         };
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.delete.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.delete.description.' + multi);
+           return null;
          };
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return selectedIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.delete.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) : _t('operations.delete.annotation.feature', {
-             n: selectedIDs.length
-           });
+         _this.moveItem = function (items, fromIndex, toIndex) {
+           if (fromIndex === toIndex || fromIndex < 0 || toIndex < 0 || fromIndex >= items.length || toIndex >= items.length) return null;
+           items.splice(toIndex, 0, items.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
+           return items;
          };
 
-         operation.id = 'delete';
-         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘⌫'), uiCmd('⌘⌦'), uiCmd('⌦')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.delete.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+         _this.moveRecent = function (item, beforeItem) {
+           var recents = _this.getRecents();
 
-       function operationOrthogonalize(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var _extent;
+           var fromIndex = recents.indexOf(item);
+           var toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
 
-         var _type;
+           var items = _this.moveItem(recents, fromIndex, toIndex);
 
-         var _actions = selectedIDs.map(chooseAction).filter(Boolean);
+           if (items) setRecents(items);
+         };
 
-         var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         _this.setMostRecent = function (preset) {
+           if (preset.searchable === false) return;
 
-         var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).map(function (n) {
-           return n.loc;
-         });
+           var items = _this.getRecents();
 
-         function chooseAction(entityID) {
-           var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-           var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
+           var item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
 
-           if (!_extent) {
-             _extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+           if (item) {
+             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
            } else {
-             _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-           } // square a line/area
+             item = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
+           } // remove the last recent (first in, first out)
 
 
-           if (entity.type === 'way' && new Set(entity.nodes).size > 2) {
-             if (_type && _type !== 'feature') return null;
-             _type = 'feature';
-             return actionOrthogonalize(entityID, context.projection); // square a single vertex
-           } else if (geometry === 'vertex') {
-             if (_type && _type !== 'corner') return null;
-             _type = 'corner';
-             var graph = context.graph();
-             var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
+           while (items.length >= MAXRECENTS) {
+             items.pop();
+           } // prepend array
 
-             if (parents.length === 1) {
-               var way = parents[0];
 
-               if (way.nodes.indexOf(entityID) !== -1) {
-                 return actionOrthogonalize(way.id, context.projection, entityID);
-               }
-             }
-           }
+           items.unshift(item);
+           setRecents(items);
+         };
 
-           return null;
-         }
+         function setFavorites(items) {
+           _favorites = items;
+           var minifiedItems = items.map(function (d) {
+             return d.minified();
+           });
+           corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems)); // call update
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           if (!_actions.length) return;
+           dispatch.call('favoritePreset');
+         }
 
-           var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph, t) {
-             _actions.forEach(function (action) {
-               if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
-                 graph = action(graph, t);
-               }
-             });
+         _this.addFavorite = function (preset, besidePreset, after) {
+           var favorites = _this.getFavorites();
 
-             return graph;
-           };
+           var beforeItem = _this.favoriteMatching(besidePreset);
 
-           combinedAction.transitionable = true;
-           context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             context.validator().validate();
-           }, 300); // after any transition
+           var toIndex = favorites.indexOf(beforeItem);
+           if (after) toIndex += 1;
+           var newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite');
+           favorites.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
+           setFavorites(favorites);
          };
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
-         }; // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
-
+         _this.toggleFavorite = function (preset) {
+           var favs = _this.getFavorites();
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           if (!_actions.length) return '';
+           var favorite = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
 
-           var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function (action) {
-             return action.disabled(context.graph());
-           }).filter(Boolean);
+           if (favorite) {
+             favs.splice(favs.indexOf(favorite), 1);
+           } else {
+             // only allow 10 favorites
+             if (favs.length === 10) {
+               // remove the last favorite (last in, first out)
+               favs.pop();
+             } // append array
 
-           if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
-             // none of the features can be squared
-             if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
-               return 'multiple_blockers';
-             }
 
-             return actionDisableds[0];
-           } else if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large';
-           } else if (someMissing()) {
-             return 'not_downloaded';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+             favs.push(RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite'));
            }
 
-           return false;
-
-           function someMissing() {
-             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-             var osm = context.connection();
+           setFavorites(favs);
+         };
 
-             if (osm) {
-               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
-                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
-               });
+         _this.removeFavorite = function (preset) {
+           var item = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
 
-               if (missing.length) {
-                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
-                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
-                 });
-                 return true;
-               }
-             }
+           if (item) {
+             var items = _this.getFavorites();
 
-             return false;
+             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
+             setFavorites(items);
            }
          };
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.orthogonalize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) : _t('operations.orthogonalize.description.' + _type + '.' + _amount);
-         };
-
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.' + _type, {
-             n: _actions.length
-           });
-         };
+         _this.getFavorites = function () {
+           if (!_favorites) {
+             // fetch from local storage
+             var rawFavorites = JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_favorites'));
 
-         operation.id = 'orthogonalize';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.orthogonalize.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.orthogonalize.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+             if (!rawFavorites) {
+               rawFavorites = [];
+               corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(rawFavorites));
+             }
 
-       function operationReflectShort(context, selectedIDs) {
-         return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'short');
-       }
-       function operationReflectLong(context, selectedIDs) {
-         return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'long');
-       }
-       function operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, axis) {
-         axis = axis || 'long';
-         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
-         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
-           return n.loc;
-         });
-         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+             _favorites = rawFavorites.reduce(function (output, d) {
+               var item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'favorite');
+               if (item && item.preset.addable()) output.push(item);
+               return output;
+             }, []);
+           }
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           var action = actionReflect(selectedIDs, context.projection).useLongAxis(Boolean(axis === 'long'));
-           context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             context.validator().validate();
-           }, 300); // after any transition
+           return _favorites;
          };
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return nodes.length >= 3;
-         }; // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
-
+         _this.favoriteMatching = function (preset) {
+           var favs = _this.getFavorites();
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large';
-           } else if (someMissing()) {
-             return 'not_downloaded';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
-             return 'incomplete_relation';
+           for (var index in favs) {
+             if (favs[index].matches(preset)) {
+               return favs[index];
+             }
            }
 
-           return false;
+           return null;
+         };
+
+         return utilRebind(_this, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+
+       function utilTagText(entity) {
+         var obj = entity && entity.tags || {};
+         return Object.keys(obj).map(function (k) {
+           return k + '=' + obj[k];
+         }).join(', ');
+       }
+       function utilTotalExtent(array, graph) {
+         var extent = geoExtent();
+         var val, entity;
 
-           function someMissing() {
-             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-             var osm = context.connection();
+         for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+           val = array[i];
+           entity = typeof val === 'string' ? graph.hasEntity(val) : val;
 
-             if (osm) {
-               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
-                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
-               });
+           if (entity) {
+             extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (missing.length) {
-                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
-                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
-                 });
-                 return true;
-               }
-             }
+         return extent;
+       }
+       function utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags) {
+         var tagDiff = [];
+         var keys = utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(oldTags), Object.keys(newTags)).sort();
+         keys.forEach(function (k) {
+           var oldVal = oldTags[k];
+           var newVal = newTags[k];
 
-             return false;
+           if ((oldVal || oldVal === '') && (newVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
+             tagDiff.push({
+               type: '-',
+               key: k,
+               oldVal: oldVal,
+               newVal: newVal,
+               display: '- ' + k + '=' + oldVal
+             });
            }
 
-           function incompleteRelation(id) {
-             var entity = context.entity(id);
-             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           if ((newVal || newVal === '') && (oldVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
+             tagDiff.push({
+               type: '+',
+               key: k,
+               oldVal: oldVal,
+               newVal: newVal,
+               display: '+ ' + k + '=' + newVal
+             });
            }
-         };
+         });
+         return tagDiff;
+       }
+       function utilEntitySelector(ids) {
+         return ids.length ? '.' + ids.join(',.') : 'nothing';
+       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
+       //  - entityIDs passed in
+       //  - shallow descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.reflect.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.reflect.description.' + axis + '.' + multi);
-         };
+       function utilEntityOrMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
+         var seen = new Set(ids);
+         ids.forEach(collectShallowDescendants);
+         return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(seen));
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.reflect.annotation.' + axis + '.feature', {
-             n: selectedIDs.length
+         function collectShallowDescendants(id) {
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+           if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
+           entity.members.map(function (member) {
+             return member.id;
+           }).forEach(function (id) {
+             seen.add(id);
            });
-         };
+         }
+       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
+       //  - entityIDs passed in
+       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
 
-         operation.id = 'reflect-' + axis;
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.reflect.key.' + axis)];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.reflect.title.' + axis);
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+       function utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
+         return utilEntitySelector(utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph));
+       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
+       //  - entityIDs passed in
+       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
 
-       function operationMove(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
-         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
-           return n.loc;
-         });
-         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+       function utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph) {
+         var seen = new Set();
+         ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
+         return Array.from(seen);
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           context.enter(modeMove(context, selectedIDs));
-         };
+         function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
+           if (seen.has(id)) return;
+           seen.add(id);
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+           if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
+           entity.members.map(function (member) {
+             return member.id;
+           }).forEach(collectDeepDescendants); // recurse
+         }
+       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
+       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return selectedIDs.length > 1 || context.entity(selectedIDs[0]).type !== 'node';
-         };
+       function utilDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph, skipMultipolgonMembers) {
+         var idsSet = new Set(ids);
+         var seen = new Set();
+         var returners = new Set();
+         ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
+         return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(returners));
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large';
-           } else if (someMissing()) {
-             return 'not_downloaded';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
-             return 'incomplete_relation';
-           }
+         function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
+           if (seen.has(id)) return;
+           seen.add(id);
 
-           return false;
+           if (!idsSet.has(id)) {
+             returners.add(id);
+           }
 
-           function someMissing() {
-             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-             var osm = context.connection();
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+           if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
+           if (skipMultipolgonMembers && entity.isMultipolygon()) return;
+           entity.members.map(function (member) {
+             return member.id;
+           }).forEach(collectDeepDescendants); // recurse
+         }
+       } // Adds or removes highlight styling for the specified entities
 
-             if (osm) {
-               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
-                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
-               });
+       function utilHighlightEntities(ids, highlighted, context) {
+         context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, context.graph())).classed('highlighted', highlighted);
+       } // returns an Array that is the union of:
+       //  - nodes for any nodeIDs passed in
+       //  - child nodes of any wayIDs passed in
+       //  - descendant member and child nodes of relationIDs passed in
 
-               if (missing.length) {
-                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
-                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
-                 });
-                 return true;
-               }
-             }
+       function utilGetAllNodes(ids, graph) {
+         var seen = new Set();
+         var nodes = new Set();
+         ids.forEach(collectNodes);
+         return Array.from(nodes);
 
-             return false;
-           }
+         function collectNodes(id) {
+           if (seen.has(id)) return;
+           seen.add(id);
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+           if (!entity) return;
 
-           function incompleteRelation(id) {
-             var entity = context.entity(id);
-             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           if (entity.type === 'node') {
+             nodes.add(entity);
+           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             entity.nodes.forEach(collectNodes);
+           } else {
+             entity.members.map(function (member) {
+               return member.id;
+             }).forEach(collectNodes); // recurse
            }
+         }
+       }
+       function utilDisplayName(entity) {
+         var localizedNameKey = 'name:' + _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
+         var name = entity.tags[localizedNameKey] || entity.tags.name || '';
+         if (name) return name;
+         var tags = {
+           direction: entity.tags.direction,
+           from: entity.tags.from,
+           network: entity.tags.cycle_network || entity.tags.network,
+           ref: entity.tags.ref,
+           to: entity.tags.to,
+           via: entity.tags.via
          };
+         var keyComponents = [];
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.move.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.move.description.' + multi);
-         };
+         if (tags.network) {
+           keyComponents.push('network');
+         }
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return selectedIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) : _t('operations.move.annotation.feature', {
-             n: selectedIDs.length
-           });
-         };
+         if (tags.ref) {
+           keyComponents.push('ref');
+         } // Routes may need more disambiguation based on direction or destination
 
-         operation.id = 'move';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.move.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.move.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         operation.mouseOnly = true;
-         return operation;
+
+         if (entity.tags.route) {
+           if (tags.direction) {
+             keyComponents.push('direction');
+           } else if (tags.from && tags.to) {
+             keyComponents.push('from');
+             keyComponents.push('to');
+
+             if (tags.via) {
+               keyComponents.push('via');
+             }
+           }
+         }
+
+         if (keyComponents.length) {
+           name = _t('inspector.display_name.' + keyComponents.join('_'), tags);
+         }
+
+         return name;
        }
+       function utilDisplayNameForPath(entity) {
+         var name = utilDisplayName(entity);
+         var isFirefox = utilDetect().browser.toLowerCase().indexOf('firefox') > -1;
+         var isNewChromium = Number(utilDetect().version.split('.')[0]) >= 96.0;
 
-       function modeRotate(context, entityIDs) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'rotate',
-           button: 'browse'
-         };
-         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('rotate');
-         var behaviors = [behaviorEdit(context), operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationMove(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior];
-         var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) : _t('operations.rotate.annotation.feature', {
-           n: entityIDs.length
-         });
+         if (!isFirefox && !isNewChromium && name && rtlRegex.test(name)) {
+           name = fixRTLTextForSvg(name);
+         }
 
-         var _prevGraph;
+         return name;
+       }
+       function utilDisplayType(id) {
+         return {
+           n: _t('inspector.node'),
+           w: _t('inspector.way'),
+           r: _t('inspector.relation')
+         }[id.charAt(0)];
+       } // `utilDisplayLabel`
+       // Returns a string suitable for display
+       // By default returns something like name/ref, fallback to preset type, fallback to OSM type
+       //   "Main Street" or "Tertiary Road"
+       // If `verbose=true`, include both preset name and feature name.
+       //   "Tertiary Road Main Street"
+       //
 
-         var _prevAngle;
+       function utilDisplayLabel(entity, graphOrGeometry, verbose) {
+         var result;
+         var displayName = utilDisplayName(entity);
+         var preset = typeof graphOrGeometry === 'string' ? _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(entity.tags, graphOrGeometry) : _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graphOrGeometry);
+         var presetName = preset && (preset.suggestion ? preset.subtitle() : preset.name());
 
-         var _prevTransform;
+         if (verbose) {
+           result = [presetName, displayName].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
+         } else {
+           result = displayName || presetName;
+         } // Fallback to the OSM type (node/way/relation)
 
-         var _pivot;
 
-         function doRotate() {
-           var fn;
+         return result || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
+       }
+       function utilEntityRoot(entityType) {
+         return {
+           node: 'n',
+           way: 'w',
+           relation: 'r'
+         }[entityType];
+       } // Returns a single object containing the tags of all the given entities.
+       // Example:
+       // {
+       //   highway: 'service',
+       //   service: 'parking_aisle'
+       // }
+       //           +
+       // {
+       //   highway: 'service',
+       //   service: 'driveway',
+       //   width: '3'
+       // }
+       //           =
+       // {
+       //   highway: 'service',
+       //   service: [ 'driveway', 'parking_aisle' ],
+       //   width: [ '3', undefined ]
+       // }
 
-           if (context.graph() !== _prevGraph) {
-             fn = context.perform;
-           } else {
-             fn = context.replace;
-           } // projection changed, recalculate _pivot
+       function utilCombinedTags(entityIDs, graph) {
+         var tags = {};
+         var tagCounts = {};
+         var allKeys = new Set();
+         var entities = entityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+           return graph.hasEntity(entityID);
+         }).filter(Boolean); // gather the aggregate keys
 
+         entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+           var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(Boolean);
+           keys.forEach(function (key) {
+             allKeys.add(key);
+           });
+         });
+         entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+           allKeys.forEach(function (key) {
+             var value = entity.tags[key]; // purposely allow `undefined`
 
-           var projection = context.projection;
-           var currTransform = projection.transform();
+             if (!tags.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+               // first value, set as raw
+               tags[key] = value;
+             } else {
+               if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) {
+                 if (tags[key] !== value) {
+                   // first alternate value, replace single value with array
+                   tags[key] = [tags[key], value];
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 // type is array
+                 if (tags[key].indexOf(value) === -1) {
+                   // subsequent alternate value, add to array
+                   tags[key].push(value);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           if (!_prevTransform || currTransform.k !== _prevTransform.k || currTransform.x !== _prevTransform.x || currTransform.y !== _prevTransform.y) {
-             var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(entityIDs, context.graph());
-             var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
-               return projection(n.loc);
-             });
-             _pivot = getPivot(points);
-             _prevAngle = undefined;
-           }
+             var tagHash = key + '=' + value;
+             if (!tagCounts[tagHash]) tagCounts[tagHash] = 0;
+             tagCounts[tagHash] += 1;
+           });
+         });
 
-           var currMouse = context.map().mouse();
-           var currAngle = Math.atan2(currMouse[1] - _pivot[1], currMouse[0] - _pivot[0]);
-           if (typeof _prevAngle === 'undefined') _prevAngle = currAngle;
-           var delta = currAngle - _prevAngle;
-           fn(actionRotate(entityIDs, _pivot, delta, projection));
-           _prevTransform = currTransform;
-           _prevAngle = currAngle;
-           _prevGraph = context.graph();
-         }
+         for (var key in tags) {
+           if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) continue; // sort values by frequency then alphabetically
 
-         function getPivot(points) {
-           var _pivot;
+           tags[key] = tags[key].sort(function (val1, val2) {
+             var key = key; // capture
 
-           if (points.length === 1) {
-             _pivot = points[0];
-           } else if (points.length === 2) {
-             _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
-           } else {
-             var polygonHull = d3_polygonHull(points);
+             var count2 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val2];
+             var count1 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val1];
 
-             if (polygonHull.length === 2) {
-               _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
-             } else {
-               _pivot = d3_polygonCentroid(d3_polygonHull(points));
+             if (count2 !== count1) {
+               return count2 - count1;
              }
-           }
 
-           return _pivot;
-         }
+             if (val2 && val1) {
+               return val1.localeCompare(val2);
+             }
 
-         function finish(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
+             return val1 ? 1 : -1;
+           });
          }
 
-         function cancel() {
-           context.pop();
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
-         }
+         return tags;
+       }
+       function utilStringQs(str) {
+         var i = 0; // advance past any leading '?' or '#' characters
 
-         function undone() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         while (i < str.length && (str[i] === '?' || str[i] === '#')) {
+           i++;
          }
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);
-           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
-           context.surface().on('mousemove.rotate', doRotate).on('click.rotate', finish);
-           context.history().on('undone.rotate', undone);
-           keybinding.on('⎋', cancel).on('↩', finish);
-           select(document).call(keybinding);
-         };
-
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
-           context.surface().on('mousemove.rotate', null).on('click.rotate', null);
-           context.history().on('undone.rotate', null);
-           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
-           context.features().forceVisible([]);
-         };
+         str = str.slice(i);
+         return str.split('&').reduce(function (obj, pair) {
+           var parts = pair.split('=');
 
-         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
-           if (!arguments.length) return entityIDs; // no assign
+           if (parts.length === 2) {
+             obj[parts[0]] = null === parts[1] ? '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
+           }
 
-           return mode;
-         };
+           return obj;
+         }, {});
+       }
+       function utilQsString(obj, noencode) {
+         // encode everything except special characters used in certain hash parameters:
+         // "/" in map states, ":", ",", {" and "}" in background
+         function softEncode(s) {
+           return encodeURIComponent(s).replace(/(%2F|%3A|%2C|%7B|%7D)/g, decodeURIComponent);
+         }
 
-         return mode;
+         return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function (key) {
+           return encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + (noencode ? softEncode(obj[key]) : encodeURIComponent(obj[key]));
+         }).join('&');
        }
+       function utilPrefixDOMProperty(property) {
+         var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'moz', 'o'];
+         var i = -1;
+         var n = prefixes.length;
+         var s = document.body;
+         if (property in s) return property;
+         property = property.substr(0, 1).toUpperCase() + property.substr(1);
 
-       function operationRotate(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
-         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
-           return n.loc;
-         });
-         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         while (++i < n) {
+           if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
+             return prefixes[i] + property;
+           }
+         }
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           context.enter(modeRotate(context, selectedIDs));
-         };
+         return false;
+       }
+       function utilPrefixCSSProperty(property) {
+         var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'Moz', 'O'];
+         var i = -1;
+         var n = prefixes.length;
+         var s = document.body.style;
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return nodes.length >= 2;
-         };
+         if (property.toLowerCase() in s) {
+           return property.toLowerCase();
+         }
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large';
-           } else if (someMissing()) {
-             return 'not_downloaded';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
-             return 'incomplete_relation';
+         while (++i < n) {
+           if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
+             return '-' + prefixes[i].toLowerCase() + property.replace(/([A-Z])/g, '-$1').toLowerCase();
            }
+         }
 
-           return false;
+         return false;
+       }
+       var transformProperty;
+       function utilSetTransform(el, x, y, scale) {
+         var prop = transformProperty = transformProperty || utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
+         var translate = utilDetect().opera ? 'translate(' + x + 'px,' + y + 'px)' : 'translate3d(' + x + 'px,' + y + 'px,0)';
+         return el.style(prop, translate + (scale ? ' scale(' + scale + ')' : ''));
+       } // Calculates Levenshtein distance between two strings
+       // see:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance
+       // first converts the strings to lowercase and replaces diacritic marks with ascii equivalents.
 
-           function someMissing() {
-             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-             var osm = context.connection();
+       function utilEditDistance(a, b) {
+         a = remove$6(a.toLowerCase());
+         b = remove$6(b.toLowerCase());
+         if (a.length === 0) return b.length;
+         if (b.length === 0) return a.length;
+         var matrix = [];
+         var i, j;
 
-             if (osm) {
-               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
-                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
-               });
+         for (i = 0; i <= b.length; i++) {
+           matrix[i] = [i];
+         }
 
-               if (missing.length) {
-                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
-                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
-                 });
-                 return true;
-               }
+         for (j = 0; j <= a.length; j++) {
+           matrix[0][j] = j;
+         }
+
+         for (i = 1; i <= b.length; i++) {
+           for (j = 1; j <= a.length; j++) {
+             if (b.charAt(i - 1) === a.charAt(j - 1)) {
+               matrix[i][j] = matrix[i - 1][j - 1];
+             } else {
+               matrix[i][j] = Math.min(matrix[i - 1][j - 1] + 1, // substitution
+               Math.min(matrix[i][j - 1] + 1, // insertion
+               matrix[i - 1][j] + 1)); // deletion
              }
-
-             return false;
-           }
-
-           function incompleteRelation(id) {
-             var entity = context.entity(id);
-             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
            }
-         };
+         }
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.rotate.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.rotate.description.' + multi);
-         };
+         return matrix[b.length][a.length];
+       } // a d3.mouse-alike which
+       // 1. Only works on HTML elements, not SVG
+       // 2. Does not cause style recalculation
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return selectedIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) : _t('operations.rotate.annotation.feature', {
-             n: selectedIDs.length
-           });
+       function utilFastMouse(container) {
+         var rect = container.getBoundingClientRect();
+         var rectLeft = rect.left;
+         var rectTop = rect.top;
+         var clientLeft = +container.clientLeft;
+         var clientTop = +container.clientTop;
+         return function (e) {
+           return [e.clientX - rectLeft - clientLeft, e.clientY - rectTop - clientTop];
          };
-
-         operation.id = 'rotate';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.rotate.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.rotate.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         operation.mouseOnly = true;
-         return operation;
        }
-
-       function modeMove(context, entityIDs, baseGraph) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'move',
-           button: 'browse'
-         };
-         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('move');
-         var behaviors = [behaviorEdit(context), operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationRotate(context, entityIDs).behavior];
-         var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) : _t('operations.move.annotation.feature', {
-           n: entityIDs.length
+       function utilAsyncMap(inputs, func, callback) {
+         var remaining = inputs.length;
+         var results = [];
+         var errors = [];
+         inputs.forEach(function (d, i) {
+           func(d, function done(err, data) {
+             errors[i] = err;
+             results[i] = data;
+             remaining--;
+             if (!remaining) callback(errors, results);
+           });
          });
+       } // wraps an index to an interval [0..length-1]
 
-         var _prevGraph;
+       function utilWrap(index, length) {
+         if (index < 0) {
+           index += Math.ceil(-index / length) * length;
+         }
 
-         var _cache;
+         return index % length;
+       }
+       /**
+        * a replacement for functor
+        *
+        * @param {*} value any value
+        * @returns {Function} a function that returns that value or the value if it's a function
+        */
 
-         var _origin;
+       function utilFunctor(value) {
+         if (typeof value === 'function') return value;
+         return function () {
+           return value;
+         };
+       }
+       function utilNoAuto(selection) {
+         var isText = selection.size() && selection.node().tagName.toLowerCase() === 'textarea';
+         return selection // assign 'new-password' even for non-password fields to prevent browsers (Chrome) ignoring 'off'
+         .attr('autocomplete', 'new-password').attr('autocorrect', 'off').attr('autocapitalize', 'off').attr('spellcheck', isText ? 'true' : 'false');
+       } // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/194846/is-there-any-kind-of-hash-code-function-in-javascript
+       // https://werxltd.com/wp/2010/05/13/javascript-implementation-of-javas-string-hashcode-method/
 
-         var _nudgeInterval;
+       function utilHashcode(str) {
+         var hash = 0;
 
-         function doMove(nudge) {
-           nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
-           var fn;
+         if (str.length === 0) {
+           return hash;
+         }
 
-           if (_prevGraph !== context.graph()) {
-             _cache = {};
-             _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
-             fn = context.perform;
-           } else {
-             fn = context.overwrite;
-           }
+         for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
+           var _char = str.charCodeAt(i);
 
-           var currMouse = context.map().mouse();
-           var origMouse = context.projection(_origin);
-           var delta = geoVecSubtract(geoVecSubtract(currMouse, origMouse), nudge);
-           fn(actionMove(entityIDs, delta, context.projection, _cache));
-           _prevGraph = context.graph();
+           hash = (hash << 5) - hash + _char;
+           hash = hash & hash; // Convert to 32bit integer
          }
 
-         function startNudge(nudge) {
-           if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-           _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function () {
-             context.map().pan(nudge);
-             doMove(nudge);
-           }, 50);
-         }
+         return hash;
+       } // Returns version of `str` with all runs of special characters replaced by `_`;
+       // suitable for HTML ids, classes, selectors, etc.
 
-         function stopNudge() {
-           if (_nudgeInterval) {
-             window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-             _nudgeInterval = null;
-           }
-         }
+       function utilSafeClassName(str) {
+         return str.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/g, '_');
+       } // Returns string based on `val` that is highly unlikely to collide with an id
+       // used previously or that's present elsewhere in the document. Useful for preventing
+       // browser-provided autofills or when embedding iD on pages with unknown elements.
 
-         function move() {
-           doMove();
-           var nudge = geoViewportEdge(context.map().mouse(), context.map().dimensions());
+       function utilUniqueDomId(val) {
+         return 'ideditor-' + utilSafeClassName(val.toString()) + '-' + new Date().getTime().toString();
+       } // Returns the length of `str` in unicode characters. This can be less than
+       // `String.length()` since a single unicode character can be composed of multiple
+       // JavaScript UTF-16 code units.
 
-           if (nudge) {
-             startNudge(nudge);
-           } else {
-             stopNudge();
-           }
-         }
+       function utilUnicodeCharsCount(str) {
+         // Native ES2015 implementations of `Array.from` split strings into unicode characters
+         return Array.from(str).length;
+       } // Returns a new string representing `str` cut from its start to `limit` length
+       // in unicode characters. Note that this runs the risk of splitting graphemes.
 
-         function finish(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
-           stopNudge();
-         }
+       function utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(str, limit) {
+         return Array.from(str).slice(0, limit).join('');
+       }
 
-         function cancel() {
-           if (baseGraph) {
-             while (context.graph() !== baseGraph) {
-               context.pop();
-             }
+       function osmEntity(attrs) {
+         // For prototypal inheritance.
+         if (this instanceof osmEntity) return; // Create the appropriate subtype.
 
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           } else {
-             context.pop();
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
-           }
+         if (attrs && attrs.type) {
+           return osmEntity[attrs.type].apply(this, arguments);
+         } else if (attrs && attrs.id) {
+           return osmEntity[osmEntity.id.type(attrs.id)].apply(this, arguments);
+         } // Initialize a generic Entity (used only in tests).
 
-           stopNudge();
-         }
 
-         function undone() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-         }
+         return new osmEntity().initialize(arguments);
+       }
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
-           _prevGraph = null;
-           _cache = {};
-           context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);
-           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
-           context.surface().on('mousemove.move', move).on('click.move', finish);
-           context.history().on('undone.move', undone);
-           keybinding.on('⎋', cancel).on('↩', finish);
-           select(document).call(keybinding);
-         };
+       osmEntity.id = function (type) {
+         return osmEntity.id.fromOSM(type, osmEntity.id.next[type]--);
+       };
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           stopNudge();
-           behaviors.forEach(function (behavior) {
-             context.uninstall(behavior);
-           });
-           context.surface().on('mousemove.move', null).on('click.move', null);
-           context.history().on('undone.move', null);
-           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
-           context.features().forceVisible([]);
-         };
+       osmEntity.id.next = {
+         changeset: -1,
+         node: -1,
+         way: -1,
+         relation: -1
+       };
 
-         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
-           if (!arguments.length) return entityIDs; // no assign
+       osmEntity.id.fromOSM = function (type, id) {
+         return type[0] + id;
+       };
 
-           return mode;
-         };
+       osmEntity.id.toOSM = function (id) {
+         return id.slice(1);
+       };
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+       osmEntity.id.type = function (id) {
+         return {
+           'c': 'changeset',
+           'n': 'node',
+           'w': 'way',
+           'r': 'relation'
+         }[id[0]];
+       }; // A function suitable for use as the second argument to d3.selection#data().
 
-       function behaviorPaste(context) {
-         function doPaste(d3_event) {
-           // prevent paste during low zoom selection
-           if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           var baseGraph = context.graph();
-           var mouse = context.map().mouse();
-           var projection = context.projection;
-           var viewport = geoExtent(projection.clipExtent()).polygon();
-           if (!geoPointInPolygon(mouse, viewport)) return;
-           var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
-           if (!oldIDs.length) return;
-           var extent = geoExtent();
-           var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
-           var newIDs = [];
-           var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
-           context.perform(action);
-           var copies = action.copies();
-           var originals = new Set();
-           Object.values(copies).forEach(function (entity) {
-             originals.add(entity.id);
-           });
 
-           for (var id in copies) {
-             var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
-             var newEntity = copies[id];
+       osmEntity.key = function (entity) {
+         return entity.id + 'v' + (entity.v || 0);
+       };
 
-             extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph)); // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
+       var _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;
 
+       osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey = function (dataDeprecated) {
+         if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey) {
+           _deprecatedTagValuesByKey = {};
+           dataDeprecated.forEach(function (d) {
+             var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
 
-             var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
-             var parentCopied = parents.some(function (parent) {
-               return originals.has(parent.id);
-             });
+             if (oldKeys.length === 1) {
+               var oldKey = oldKeys[0];
+               var oldValue = d.old[oldKey];
 
-             if (!parentCopied) {
-               newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
+               if (oldValue !== '*') {
+                 if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey]) {
+                   _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey] = [oldValue];
+                 } else {
+                   _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey].push(oldValue);
+                 }
+               }
              }
-           } // Put pasted objects where mouse pointer is..
+           });
+         }
 
+         return _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;
+       };
 
-           var copyPoint = context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat()) || projection(extent.center());
-           var delta = geoVecSubtract(mouse, copyPoint);
-           context.perform(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection));
-           context.enter(modeMove(context, newIDs, baseGraph));
-         }
+       osmEntity.prototype = {
+         tags: {},
+         initialize: function initialize(sources) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
+             var source = sources[i];
 
-         function behavior() {
-           context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘V'), doPaste);
-           return behavior;
-         }
+             for (var prop in source) {
+               if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
+                 if (source[prop] === undefined) {
+                   delete this[prop];
+                 } else {
+                   this[prop] = source[prop];
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-         behavior.off = function () {
-           context.keybinding().off(uiCmd('⌘V'));
-         };
+           if (!this.id && this.type) {
+             this.id = osmEntity.id(this.type);
+           }
 
-         return behavior;
-       }
+           if (!this.hasOwnProperty('visible')) {
+             this.visible = true;
+           }
 
-       // `String.prototype.repeat` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.repeat
-       _export({ target: 'String', proto: true }, {
-         repeat: stringRepeat
-       });
+           if (debug) {
+             Object.freeze(this);
+             Object.freeze(this.tags);
+             if (this.loc) Object.freeze(this.loc);
+             if (this.nodes) Object.freeze(this.nodes);
+             if (this.members) Object.freeze(this.members);
+           }
 
-       /*
-           `behaviorDrag` is like `d3_behavior.drag`, with the following differences:
+           return this;
+         },
+         copy: function copy(resolver, copies) {
+           if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
+           var copy = osmEntity(this, {
+             id: undefined,
+             user: undefined,
+             version: undefined
+           });
+           copies[this.id] = copy;
+           return copy;
+         },
+         osmId: function osmId() {
+           return osmEntity.id.toOSM(this.id);
+         },
+         isNew: function isNew() {
+           return this.osmId() < 0;
+         },
+         update: function update(attrs) {
+           return osmEntity(this, attrs, {
+             v: 1 + (this.v || 0)
+           });
+         },
+         mergeTags: function mergeTags(tags) {
+           var merged = Object.assign({}, this.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           * The `origin` function is expected to return an [x, y] tuple rather than an
-             {x, y} object.
-           * The events are `start`, `move`, and `end`.
-             (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/issues/563)
-           * The `start` event is not dispatched until the first cursor movement occurs.
-             (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/pull/368)
-           * The `move` event has a `point` and `delta` [x, y] tuple properties rather
-             than `x`, `y`, `dx`, and `dy` properties.
-           * The `end` event is not dispatched if no movement occurs.
-           * An `off` function is available that unbinds the drag's internal event handlers.
-        */
+           var changed = false;
 
-       function behaviorDrag() {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('start', 'move', 'end'); // see also behaviorSelect
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             var t1 = merged[k];
+             var t2 = tags[k];
 
-         var _tolerancePx = 1; // keep this low to facilitate pixel-perfect micromapping
+             if (!t1) {
+               changed = true;
+               merged[k] = t2;
+             } else if (t1 !== t2) {
+               changed = true;
+               merged[k] = utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(utilArrayUnion(t1.split(/;\s*/), t2.split(/;\s*/)).join(';'), 255 // avoid exceeding character limit; see also services/osm.js -> maxCharsForTagValue()
+               );
+             }
+           }
 
-         var _penTolerancePx = 4; // styluses can be touchy so require greater movement - #1981
+           return changed ? this.update({
+             tags: merged
+           }) : this;
+         },
+         intersects: function intersects(extent, resolver) {
+           return this.extent(resolver).intersects(extent);
+         },
+         hasNonGeometryTags: function hasNonGeometryTags() {
+           return Object.keys(this.tags).some(function (k) {
+             return k !== 'area';
+           });
+         },
+         hasParentRelations: function hasParentRelations(resolver) {
+           return resolver.parentRelations(this).length > 0;
+         },
+         hasInterestingTags: function hasInterestingTags() {
+           return Object.keys(this.tags).some(osmIsInterestingTag);
+         },
+         isHighwayIntersection: function isHighwayIntersection() {
+           return false;
+         },
+         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
+           return true;
+         },
+         deprecatedTags: function deprecatedTags(dataDeprecated) {
+           var tags = this.tags; // if there are no tags, none can be deprecated
 
-         var _origin = null;
-         var _selector = '';
+           if (Object.keys(tags).length === 0) return [];
+           var deprecated = [];
+           dataDeprecated.forEach(function (d) {
+             var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
 
-         var _targetNode;
+             if (d.replace) {
+               var hasExistingValues = Object.keys(d.replace).some(function (replaceKey) {
+                 if (!tags[replaceKey] || d.old[replaceKey]) return false;
+                 var replaceValue = d.replace[replaceKey];
+                 if (replaceValue === '*') return false;
+                 if (replaceValue === tags[replaceKey]) return false;
+                 return true;
+               }); // don't flag deprecated tags if the upgrade path would overwrite existing data - #7843
 
-         var _targetEntity;
+               if (hasExistingValues) return;
+             }
 
-         var _surface;
+             var matchesDeprecatedTags = oldKeys.every(function (oldKey) {
+               if (!tags[oldKey]) return false;
+               if (d.old[oldKey] === '*') return true;
+               if (d.old[oldKey] === tags[oldKey]) return true;
+               var vals = tags[oldKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
 
-         var _pointerId; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
+               if (vals.length === 0) {
+                 return false;
+               } else if (vals.length > 1) {
+                 return vals.indexOf(d.old[oldKey]) !== -1;
+               } else {
+                 if (tags[oldKey] === d.old[oldKey]) {
+                   if (d.replace && d.old[oldKey] === d.replace[oldKey]) {
+                     var replaceKeys = Object.keys(d.replace);
+                     return !replaceKeys.every(function (replaceKey) {
+                       return tags[replaceKey] === d.replace[replaceKey];
+                     });
+                   } else {
+                     return true;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
+               return false;
+             });
 
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+             if (matchesDeprecatedTags) {
+               deprecated.push(d);
+             }
+           });
+           return deprecated;
+         }
+       };
 
-         var d3_event_userSelectProperty = utilPrefixCSSProperty('UserSelect');
+       function osmLanes(entity) {
+         if (entity.type !== 'way') return null;
+         if (!entity.tags.highway) return null;
+         var tags = entity.tags;
+         var isOneWay = entity.isOneWay();
+         var laneCount = getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay);
+         var maxspeed = parseMaxspeed(tags);
+         var laneDirections = parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount);
+         var forward = laneDirections.forward;
+         var backward = laneDirections.backward;
+         var bothways = laneDirections.bothways; // parse the piped string 'x|y|z' format
 
-         var d3_event_userSelectSuppress = function d3_event_userSelectSuppress() {
-           var selection$1 = selection();
-           var select = selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty);
-           selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, 'none');
-           return function () {
-             selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, select);
-           };
+         var turnLanes = {};
+         turnLanes.unspecified = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes']);
+         turnLanes.forward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:forward']);
+         turnLanes.backward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:backward']);
+         var maxspeedLanes = {};
+         maxspeedLanes.unspecified = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes'], maxspeed);
+         maxspeedLanes.forward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:forward'], maxspeed);
+         maxspeedLanes.backward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:backward'], maxspeed);
+         var psvLanes = {};
+         psvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes']);
+         psvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:forward']);
+         psvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:backward']);
+         var busLanes = {};
+         busLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes']);
+         busLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:forward']);
+         busLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:backward']);
+         var taxiLanes = {};
+         taxiLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes']);
+         taxiLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:forward']);
+         taxiLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:backward']);
+         var hovLanes = {};
+         hovLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes']);
+         hovLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:forward']);
+         hovLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:backward']);
+         var hgvLanes = {};
+         hgvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes']);
+         hgvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:forward']);
+         hgvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:backward']);
+         var bicyclewayLanes = {};
+         bicyclewayLanes.unspecified = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes']);
+         bicyclewayLanes.forward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:forward']);
+         bicyclewayLanes.backward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:backward']);
+         var lanesObj = {
+           forward: [],
+           backward: [],
+           unspecified: []
+         }; // map forward/backward/unspecified of each lane type to lanesObj
+
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, turnLanes, 'turnLane');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, maxspeedLanes, 'maxspeed');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, psvLanes, 'psv');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, busLanes, 'bus');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, taxiLanes, 'taxi');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hovLanes, 'hov');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hgvLanes, 'hgv');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, bicyclewayLanes, 'bicycleway');
+         return {
+           metadata: {
+             count: laneCount,
+             oneway: isOneWay,
+             forward: forward,
+             backward: backward,
+             bothways: bothways,
+             turnLanes: turnLanes,
+             maxspeed: maxspeed,
+             maxspeedLanes: maxspeedLanes,
+             psvLanes: psvLanes,
+             busLanes: busLanes,
+             taxiLanes: taxiLanes,
+             hovLanes: hovLanes,
+             hgvLanes: hgvLanes,
+             bicyclewayLanes: bicyclewayLanes
+           },
+           lanes: lanesObj
          };
+       }
 
-         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
-           if (_pointerId) return;
-           _pointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
-           _targetNode = this; // only force reflow once per drag
+       function getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay) {
+         var count;
 
-           var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(_surface || _targetNode.parentNode);
-           var offset;
-           var startOrigin = pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
-           var started = false;
-           var selectEnable = d3_event_userSelectSuppress();
-           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', pointerup, true);
+         if (tags.lanes) {
+           count = parseInt(tags.lanes, 10);
 
-           if (_origin) {
-             offset = _origin.call(_targetNode, _targetEntity);
-             offset = [offset[0] - startOrigin[0], offset[1] - startOrigin[1]];
-           } else {
-             offset = [0, 0];
+           if (count > 0) {
+             return count;
            }
+         }
 
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-
-           function pointermove(d3_event) {
-             if (_pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-             var p = pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
+         switch (tags.highway) {
+           case 'trunk':
+           case 'motorway':
+             count = isOneWay ? 2 : 4;
+             break;
 
-             if (!started) {
-               var dist = geoVecLength(startOrigin, p);
-               var tolerance = d3_event.pointerType === 'pen' ? _penTolerancePx : _tolerancePx; // don't start until the drag has actually moved somewhat
+           default:
+             count = isOneWay ? 1 : 2;
+             break;
+         }
 
-               if (dist < tolerance) return;
-               started = true;
-               dispatch$1.call('start', this, d3_event, _targetEntity); // Don't send a `move` event in the same cycle as `start` since dragging
-               // a midpoint will convert the target to a node.
-             } else {
-               startOrigin = p;
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               var dx = p[0] - startOrigin[0];
-               var dy = p[1] - startOrigin[1];
-               dispatch$1.call('move', this, d3_event, _targetEntity, [p[0] + offset[0], p[1] + offset[1]], [dx, dy]);
-             }
-           }
+         return count;
+       }
 
-           function pointerup(d3_event) {
-             if (_pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-             _pointerId = null;
+       function parseMaxspeed(tags) {
+         var maxspeed = tags.maxspeed;
+         if (!maxspeed) return;
+         var maxspeedRegex = /^([0-9][\.0-9]+?)(?:[ ]?(?:km\/h|kmh|kph|mph|knots))?$/;
+         if (!maxspeedRegex.test(maxspeed)) return;
+         return parseInt(maxspeed, 10);
+       }
 
-             if (started) {
-               dispatch$1.call('end', this, d3_event, _targetEntity);
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-             }
+       function parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount) {
+         var forward = parseInt(tags['lanes:forward'], 10);
+         var backward = parseInt(tags['lanes:backward'], 10);
+         var bothways = parseInt(tags['lanes:both_ways'], 10) > 0 ? 1 : 0;
 
-             select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);
-             selectEnable();
+         if (parseInt(tags.oneway, 10) === -1) {
+           forward = 0;
+           bothways = 0;
+           backward = laneCount;
+         } else if (isOneWay) {
+           forward = laneCount;
+           bothways = 0;
+           backward = 0;
+         } else if (isNaN(forward) && isNaN(backward)) {
+           backward = Math.floor((laneCount - bothways) / 2);
+           forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
+         } else if (isNaN(forward)) {
+           if (backward > laneCount - bothways) {
+             backward = laneCount - bothways;
            }
-         }
-
-         function behavior(selection) {
-           var matchesSelector = utilPrefixDOMProperty('matchesSelector');
-           var delegate = pointerdown;
-
-           if (_selector) {
-             delegate = function delegate(d3_event) {
-               var root = this;
-               var target = d3_event.target;
-
-               for (; target && target !== root; target = target.parentNode) {
-                 var datum = target.__data__;
-                 _targetEntity = datum instanceof osmNote ? datum : datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
 
-                 if (_targetEntity && target[matchesSelector](_selector)) {
-                   return pointerdown.call(target, d3_event);
-                 }
-               }
-             };
+           forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
+         } else if (isNaN(backward)) {
+           if (forward > laneCount - bothways) {
+             forward = laneCount - bothways;
            }
 
-           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, delegate);
+           backward = laneCount - bothways - forward;
          }
 
-         behavior.off = function (selection) {
-           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, null);
-         };
-
-         behavior.selector = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _selector;
-           _selector = _;
-           return behavior;
-         };
-
-         behavior.origin = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _origin;
-           _origin = _;
-           return behavior;
-         };
-
-         behavior.cancel = function () {
-           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);
-           return behavior;
-         };
-
-         behavior.targetNode = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _targetNode;
-           _targetNode = _;
-           return behavior;
-         };
-
-         behavior.targetEntity = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _targetEntity;
-           _targetEntity = _;
-           return behavior;
-         };
-
-         behavior.surface = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _surface;
-           _surface = _;
-           return behavior;
+         return {
+           forward: forward,
+           backward: backward,
+           bothways: bothways
          };
-
-         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }
 
-       function modeDragNode(context) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'drag-node',
-           button: 'browse'
-         };
-         var hover = behaviorHover(context).altDisables(true).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
-         var edit = behaviorEdit(context);
-
-         var _nudgeInterval;
-
-         var _restoreSelectedIDs = [];
-         var _wasMidpoint = false;
-         var _isCancelled = false;
+       function parseTurnLanes(tag) {
+         if (!tag) return;
+         var validValues = ['left', 'slight_left', 'sharp_left', 'through', 'right', 'slight_right', 'sharp_right', 'reverse', 'merge_to_left', 'merge_to_right', 'none'];
+         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
+           if (s === '') s = 'none';
+           return s.split(';').map(function (d) {
+             return validValues.indexOf(d) === -1 ? 'unknown' : d;
+           });
+         });
+       }
 
-         var _activeEntity;
+       function parseMaxspeedLanes(tag, maxspeed) {
+         if (!tag) return;
+         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
+           if (s === 'none') return s;
+           var m = parseInt(s, 10);
+           if (s === '' || m === maxspeed) return null;
+           return isNaN(m) ? 'unknown' : m;
+         });
+       }
 
-         var _startLoc;
+       function parseMiscLanes(tag) {
+         if (!tag) return;
+         var validValues = ['yes', 'no', 'designated'];
+         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
+           if (s === '') s = 'no';
+           return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown' : s;
+         });
+       }
 
-         var _lastLoc;
+       function parseBicycleWay(tag) {
+         if (!tag) return;
+         var validValues = ['yes', 'no', 'designated', 'lane'];
+         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
+           if (s === '') s = 'no';
+           return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown' : s;
+         });
+       }
 
-         function startNudge(d3_event, entity, nudge) {
-           if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-           _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function () {
-             context.map().pan(nudge);
-             doMove(d3_event, entity, nudge);
-           }, 50);
+       function mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, data, key) {
+         if (data.forward) {
+           data.forward.forEach(function (l, i) {
+             if (!lanesObj.forward[i]) lanesObj.forward[i] = {};
+             lanesObj.forward[i][key] = l;
+           });
          }
 
-         function stopNudge() {
-           if (_nudgeInterval) {
-             window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-             _nudgeInterval = null;
-           }
+         if (data.backward) {
+           data.backward.forEach(function (l, i) {
+             if (!lanesObj.backward[i]) lanesObj.backward[i] = {};
+             lanesObj.backward[i][key] = l;
+           });
          }
 
-         function moveAnnotation(entity) {
-           return _t('operations.move.annotation.' + entity.geometry(context.graph()));
+         if (data.unspecified) {
+           data.unspecified.forEach(function (l, i) {
+             if (!lanesObj.unspecified[i]) lanesObj.unspecified[i] = {};
+             lanesObj.unspecified[i][key] = l;
+           });
          }
+       }
 
-         function connectAnnotation(nodeEntity, targetEntity) {
-           var nodeGeometry = nodeEntity.geometry(context.graph());
-           var targetGeometry = targetEntity.geometry(context.graph());
+       function osmWay() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmWay)) {
+           return new osmWay().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
+         }
+       }
+       osmEntity.way = osmWay;
+       osmWay.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+       Object.assign(osmWay.prototype, {
+         type: 'way',
+         nodes: [],
+         copy: function copy(resolver, copies) {
+           if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
+           var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);
+           var nodes = this.nodes.map(function (id) {
+             return resolver.entity(id).copy(resolver, copies).id;
+           });
+           copy = copy.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+           copies[this.id] = copy;
+           return copy;
+         },
+         extent: function extent(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'extent', function () {
+             var extent = geoExtent();
 
-           if (nodeGeometry === 'vertex' && targetGeometry === 'vertex') {
-             var nodeParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(nodeEntity);
-             var targetParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(targetEntity);
-             var sharedParentWays = utilArrayIntersection(nodeParentWayIDs, targetParentWayIDs); // if both vertices are part of the same way
+             for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
+               var node = resolver.hasEntity(this.nodes[i]);
 
-             if (sharedParentWays.length !== 0) {
-               // if the nodes are next to each other, they are merged
-               if (sharedParentWays[0].areAdjacent(nodeEntity.id, targetEntity.id)) {
-                 return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_adjacent_vertex');
+               if (node) {
+                 extent._extend(node.extent());
                }
-
-               return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_sibling_vertex');
              }
-           }
-
-           return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_' + nodeGeometry + '.to_' + targetGeometry);
-         }
 
-         function shouldSnapToNode(target) {
-           if (!_activeEntity) return false;
-           return _activeEntity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex' || target.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(target, context.graph());
-         }
+             return extent;
+           });
+         },
+         first: function first() {
+           return this.nodes[0];
+         },
+         last: function last() {
+           return this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1];
+         },
+         contains: function contains(node) {
+           return this.nodes.indexOf(node) >= 0;
+         },
+         affix: function affix(node) {
+           if (this.nodes[0] === node) return 'prefix';
+           if (this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1] === node) return 'suffix';
+         },
+         layer: function layer() {
+           // explicit layer tag, clamp between -10, 10..
+           if (isFinite(this.tags.layer)) {
+             return Math.max(-10, Math.min(+this.tags.layer, 10));
+           } // implied layer tag..
 
-         function origin(entity) {
-           return context.projection(entity.loc);
-         }
 
-         function keydown(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-             if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
-               context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', true);
+           if (this.tags.covered === 'yes') return -1;
+           if (this.tags.location === 'overground') return 1;
+           if (this.tags.location === 'underground') return -1;
+           if (this.tags.location === 'underwater') return -10;
+           if (this.tags.power === 'line') return 10;
+           if (this.tags.power === 'minor_line') return 10;
+           if (this.tags.aerialway) return 10;
+           if (this.tags.bridge) return 1;
+           if (this.tags.cutting) return -1;
+           if (this.tags.tunnel) return -1;
+           if (this.tags.waterway) return -1;
+           if (this.tags.man_made === 'pipeline') return -10;
+           if (this.tags.boundary) return -10;
+           return 0;
+         },
+         // the approximate width of the line based on its tags except its `width` tag
+         impliedLineWidthMeters: function impliedLineWidthMeters() {
+           var averageWidths = {
+             highway: {
+               // width is for single lane
+               motorway: 5,
+               motorway_link: 5,
+               trunk: 4.5,
+               trunk_link: 4.5,
+               primary: 4,
+               secondary: 4,
+               tertiary: 4,
+               primary_link: 4,
+               secondary_link: 4,
+               tertiary_link: 4,
+               unclassified: 4,
+               road: 4,
+               living_street: 4,
+               bus_guideway: 4,
+               pedestrian: 4,
+               residential: 3.5,
+               service: 3.5,
+               track: 3,
+               cycleway: 2.5,
+               bridleway: 2,
+               corridor: 2,
+               steps: 2,
+               path: 1.5,
+               footway: 1.5
+             },
+             railway: {
+               // width includes ties and rail bed, not just track gauge
+               rail: 2.5,
+               light_rail: 2.5,
+               tram: 2.5,
+               subway: 2.5,
+               monorail: 2.5,
+               funicular: 2.5,
+               disused: 2.5,
+               preserved: 2.5,
+               miniature: 1.5,
+               narrow_gauge: 1.5
+             },
+             waterway: {
+               river: 50,
+               canal: 25,
+               stream: 5,
+               tidal_channel: 5,
+               fish_pass: 2.5,
+               drain: 2.5,
+               ditch: 1.5
              }
+           };
 
-             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-disabled', true);
-           }
-         }
+           for (var key in averageWidths) {
+             if (this.tags[key] && averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]]) {
+               var width = averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]];
 
-         function keyup(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-             if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
-               context.surface().classed('nope', true);
-             }
+               if (key === 'highway') {
+                 var laneCount = this.tags.lanes && parseInt(this.tags.lanes, 10);
+                 if (!laneCount) laneCount = this.isOneWay() ? 1 : 2;
+                 return width * laneCount;
+               }
 
-             context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false);
+               return width;
+             }
            }
-         }
-
-         function start(d3_event, entity) {
-           _wasMidpoint = entity.type === 'midpoint';
-           var hasHidden = context.features().hasHiddenConnections(entity, context.graph());
-           _isCancelled = !context.editable() || d3_event.shiftKey || hasHidden;
 
-           if (_isCancelled) {
-             if (hasHidden) {
-               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('modes.drag_node.connected_to_hidden'))();
-             }
+           return null;
+         },
+         isOneWay: function isOneWay() {
+           // explicit oneway tag..
+           var values = {
+             'yes': true,
+             '1': true,
+             '-1': true,
+             'reversible': true,
+             'alternating': true,
+             'no': false,
+             '0': false
+           };
 
-             return drag.cancel();
-           }
+           if (values[this.tags.oneway] !== undefined) {
+             return values[this.tags.oneway];
+           } // implied oneway tag..
 
-           if (_wasMidpoint) {
-             var midpoint = entity;
-             entity = osmNode();
-             context.perform(actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, entity));
-             entity = context.entity(entity.id); // get post-action entity
 
-             var vertex = context.surface().selectAll('.' + entity.id);
-             drag.targetNode(vertex.node()).targetEntity(entity);
-           } else {
-             context.perform(actionNoop());
+           for (var key in this.tags) {
+             if (key in osmOneWayTags && this.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key]) {
+               return true;
+             }
            }
 
-           _activeEntity = entity;
-           _startLoc = entity.loc;
-           hover.ignoreVertex(entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex');
-           context.surface().selectAll('.' + _activeEntity.id).classed('active', true);
-           context.enter(mode);
-         } // related code
-         // - `behavior/draw.js` `datum()`
+           return false;
+         },
+         // Some identifier for tag that implies that this way is "sided",
+         // i.e. the right side is the 'inside' (e.g. the right side of a
+         // natural=cliff is lower).
+         sidednessIdentifier: function sidednessIdentifier() {
+           for (var key in this.tags) {
+             var value = this.tags[key];
 
+             if (key in osmRightSideIsInsideTags && value in osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key]) {
+               if (osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value] === true) {
+                 return key;
+               } else {
+                 // if the map's value is something other than a
+                 // literal true, we should use it so we can
+                 // special case some keys (e.g. natural=coastline
+                 // is handled differently to other naturals).
+                 return osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value];
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-         function datum(d3_event) {
-           if (!d3_event || d3_event.altKey) {
-             return {};
-           } else {
-             // When dragging, snap only to touch targets..
-             // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
-             var d = d3_event.target.__data__;
-             return d && d.properties && d.properties.target ? d : {};
+           return null;
+         },
+         isSided: function isSided() {
+           if (this.tags.two_sided === 'yes') {
+             return false;
            }
-         }
 
-         function doMove(d3_event, entity, nudge) {
-           nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
-           var currPoint = d3_event && d3_event.point || context.projection(_lastLoc);
-           var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
-           var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);
-           var target, edge;
+           return this.sidednessIdentifier() !== null;
+         },
+         lanes: function lanes() {
+           return osmLanes(this);
+         },
+         isClosed: function isClosed() {
+           return this.nodes.length > 1 && this.first() === this.last();
+         },
+         isConvex: function isConvex(resolver) {
+           if (!this.isClosed() || this.isDegenerate()) return null;
+           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(resolver.childNodes(this));
+           var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return n.loc;
+           });
+           var curr = 0;
+           var prev = 0;
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
+             var o = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
+             var a = coords[i];
+             var b = coords[(i + 2) % coords.length];
+             var res = geoVecCross(a, b, o);
+             curr = res > 0 ? 1 : res < 0 ? -1 : 0;
 
-           if (!_nudgeInterval) {
-             // If not nudging at the edge of the viewport, try to snap..
-             // related code
-             // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
-             // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
-             // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
-             var d = datum(d3_event);
-             target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;
-             var targetLoc = target && target.loc;
-             var targetNodes = d && d.properties && d.properties.nodes;
+             if (curr === 0) {
+               continue;
+             } else if (prev && curr !== prev) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-             if (targetLoc) {
-               // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
-               if (shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
-                 loc = targetLoc;
-               }
-             } else if (targetNodes) {
-               // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
-               edge = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, end.id);
+             prev = curr;
+           }
 
-               if (edge) {
-                 loc = edge.loc;
-               }
+           return true;
+         },
+         // returns an object with the tag that implies this is an area, if any
+         tagSuggestingArea: function tagSuggestingArea() {
+           return osmTagSuggestingArea(this.tags);
+         },
+         isArea: function isArea() {
+           if (this.tags.area === 'yes') return true;
+           if (!this.isClosed() || this.tags.area === 'no') return false;
+           return this.tagSuggestingArea() !== null;
+         },
+         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
+           return new Set(this.nodes).size < (this.isArea() ? 3 : 2);
+         },
+         areAdjacent: function areAdjacent(n1, n2) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
+             if (this.nodes[i] === n1) {
+               if (this.nodes[i - 1] === n2) return true;
+               if (this.nodes[i + 1] === n2) return true;
              }
            }
 
-           context.replace(actionMoveNode(entity.id, loc)); // Below here: validations
+           return false;
+         },
+         geometry: function geometry(graph) {
+           return graph["transient"](this, 'geometry', function () {
+             return this.isArea() ? 'area' : 'line';
+           });
+         },
+         // returns an array of objects representing the segments between the nodes in this way
+         segments: function segments(graph) {
+           function segmentExtent(graph) {
+             var n1 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[0]);
+             var n2 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[1]);
+             return n1 && n2 && geoExtent([[Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])], [Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])]]);
+           }
 
-           var isInvalid = false; // Check if this connection to `target` could cause relations to break..
+           return graph["transient"](this, 'segments', function () {
+             var segments = [];
 
-           if (target) {
-             isInvalid = hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, context.graph());
-           } // Check if this drag causes the geometry to break..
+             for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+               segments.push({
+                 id: this.id + '-' + i,
+                 wayId: this.id,
+                 index: i,
+                 nodes: [this.nodes[i], this.nodes[i + 1]],
+                 extent: segmentExtent
+               });
+             }
 
+             return segments;
+           });
+         },
+         // If this way is not closed, append the beginning node to the end of the nodelist to close it.
+         close: function close() {
+           if (this.isClosed() || !this.nodes.length) return this;
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
+           nodes.push(nodes[0]);
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // If this way is closed, remove any connector nodes from the end of the nodelist to unclose it.
+         unclose: function unclose() {
+           if (!this.isClosed()) return this;
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var connector = this.first();
+           var i = nodes.length - 1; // remove trailing connectors..
 
-           if (!isInvalid) {
-             isInvalid = hasInvalidGeometry(entity, context.graph());
+           while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+             nodes.splice(i, 1);
+             i = nodes.length - 1;
            }
 
-           var nope = context.surface().classed('nope');
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // Adds a node (id) in front of the node which is currently at position index.
+         // If index is undefined, the node will be added to the end of the way for linear ways,
+         //   or just before the final connecting node for circular ways.
+         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
+         // Circularity is always preserved when adding a node.
+         addNode: function addNode(id, index) {
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+           var max = isClosed ? nodes.length - 1 : nodes.length;
 
-           if (isInvalid === 'relation' || isInvalid === 'restriction') {
-             if (!nope) {
-               // about to nope - show hint
-               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('operations.connect.' + isInvalid, {
-                 relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/restriction').name()
-               }))();
-             }
-           } else if (isInvalid) {
-             var errorID = isInvalid === 'line' ? 'lines' : 'areas';
-             context.ui().flash.duration(3000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('self_intersection.error.' + errorID))();
-           } else {
-             if (nope) {
-               // about to un-nope, remove hint
-               context.ui().flash.duration(1).label('')();
-             }
+           if (index === undefined) {
+             index = max;
            }
 
-           var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
+           if (index < 0 || index > max) {
+             throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
+           } // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
+           // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
 
-           if (nopeDisabled) {
-             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
-           } else {
-             context.surface().classed('nope', isInvalid).classed('nope-suppressed', false);
-           }
 
-           _lastLoc = loc;
-         } // Uses `actionConnect.disabled()` to know whether this connection is ok..
+           if (isClosed) {
+             var connector = this.first(); // leading connectors..
 
+             var i = 1;
 
-         function hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, graph) {
-           var testGraph = graph.update(); // copy
-           // if snapping to way - add midpoint there and consider that the target..
+             while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+               nodes.splice(i, 1);
+               if (index > i) index--;
+             } // trailing connectors..
 
-           if (edge) {
-             var midpoint = osmNode();
-             var action = actionAddMidpoint({
-               loc: edge.loc,
-               edge: [target.nodes[edge.index - 1], target.nodes[edge.index]]
-             }, midpoint);
-             testGraph = action(testGraph);
-             target = midpoint;
-           } // can we connect to it?
 
+             i = nodes.length - 1;
 
-           var ids = [entity.id, target.id];
-           return actionConnect(ids).disabled(testGraph);
-         }
+             while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+               nodes.splice(i, 1);
+               if (index > i) index--;
+               i = nodes.length - 1;
+             }
+           }
 
-         function hasInvalidGeometry(entity, graph) {
-           var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
-           var i, j, k;
+           nodes.splice(index, 0, id);
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
 
-           for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-             var parent = parents[i];
-             var nodes = [];
-             var activeIndex = null; // which multipolygon ring contains node being dragged
-             // test any parent multipolygons for valid geometry
+           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
+             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
+           }
 
-             var relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // Replaces the node which is currently at position index with the given node (id).
+         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
+         // Circularity is preserved when updating a node.
+         updateNode: function updateNode(id, index) {
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+           var max = nodes.length - 1;
 
-             for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
-               if (!relations[j].isMultipolygon()) continue;
-               var rings = osmJoinWays(relations[j].members, graph); // find active ring and test it for self intersections
+           if (index === undefined || index < 0 || index > max) {
+             throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
+           } // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
+           // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
 
-               for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
-                 nodes = rings[k].nodes;
 
-                 if (nodes.find(function (n) {
-                   return n.id === entity.id;
-                 })) {
-                   activeIndex = k;
+           if (isClosed) {
+             var connector = this.first(); // leading connectors..
 
-                   if (geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
-                     return 'multipolygonMember';
-                   }
-                 }
+             var i = 1;
 
-                 rings[k].coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
-                   return n.loc;
-                 });
-               } // test active ring for intersections with other rings in the multipolygon
+             while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+               nodes.splice(i, 1);
+               if (index > i) index--;
+             } // trailing connectors..
 
 
-               for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
-                 if (k === activeIndex) continue; // make sure active ring doesn't cross passive rings
+             i = nodes.length - 1;
 
-                 if (geoHasLineIntersections(rings[activeIndex].nodes, rings[k].nodes, entity.id)) {
-                   return 'multipolygonRing';
-                 }
-               }
-             } // If we still haven't tested this node's parent way for self-intersections.
-             // (because it's not a member of a multipolygon), test it now.
+             while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+               nodes.splice(i, 1);
+               if (index === i) index = 0; // update leading connector instead
+
+               i = nodes.length - 1;
+             }
+           }
 
+           nodes.splice(index, 1, id);
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
 
-             if (activeIndex === null) {
-               nodes = parent.nodes.map(function (nodeID) {
-                 return graph.entity(nodeID);
-               });
+           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
+             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
+           }
 
-               if (nodes.length && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
-                 return parent.geometry(graph);
-               }
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // Replaces each occurrence of node id needle with replacement.
+         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
+         // Circularity is preserved.
+         replaceNode: function replaceNode(needleID, replacementID) {
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+             if (nodes[i] === needleID) {
+               nodes[i] = replacementID;
              }
            }
 
-           return false;
-         }
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
 
-         function move(d3_event, entity, point) {
-           if (_isCancelled) return;
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', d3_event.altKey);
-           _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(point);
-           doMove(d3_event, entity);
-           var nudge = geoViewportEdge(point, context.map().dimensions());
+           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
+             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
+           }
 
-           if (nudge) {
-             startNudge(d3_event, entity, nudge);
-           } else {
-             stopNudge();
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // Removes each occurrence of node id.
+         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
+         // Circularity is preserved.
+         removeNode: function removeNode(id) {
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+           nodes = nodes.filter(function (node) {
+             return node !== id;
+           }).filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
+
+           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
+             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
            }
-         }
 
-         function end(d3_event, entity) {
-           if (_isCancelled) return;
-           var wasPoint = entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'point';
-           var d = datum(d3_event);
-           var nope = d && d.properties && d.properties.nope || context.surface().classed('nope');
-           var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity; // entity to snap to
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         asJXON: function asJXON(changeset_id) {
+           var r = {
+             way: {
+               '@id': this.osmId(),
+               '@version': this.version || 0,
+               nd: this.nodes.map(function (id) {
+                 return {
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(id)
+                   }
+                 };
+               }, this),
+               tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
+                 return {
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     k: k,
+                     v: this.tags[k]
+                   }
+                 };
+               }, this)
+             }
+           };
 
-           if (nope) {
-             // bounce back
-             context.perform(_actionBounceBack(entity.id, _startLoc));
-           } else if (target && target.type === 'way') {
-             var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(target), context.map().mouse(), context.projection, entity.id);
-             context.replace(actionAddMidpoint({
-               loc: choice.loc,
-               edge: [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]]
-             }, entity), connectAnnotation(entity, target));
-           } else if (target && target.type === 'node' && shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
-             context.replace(actionConnect([target.id, entity.id]), connectAnnotation(entity, target));
-           } else if (_wasMidpoint) {
-             context.replace(actionNoop(), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
-           } else {
-             context.replace(actionNoop(), moveAnnotation(entity));
+           if (changeset_id) {
+             r.way['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
            }
 
-           if (wasPoint) {
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));
-           } else {
-             var reselection = _restoreSelectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
-               return context.graph().hasEntity(id);
+           return r;
+         },
+         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'GeoJSON', function () {
+             var coordinates = resolver.childNodes(this).map(function (n) {
+               return n.loc;
              });
 
-             if (reselection.length) {
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, reselection));
+             if (this.isArea() && this.isClosed()) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'Polygon',
+                 coordinates: [coordinates]
+               };
              } else {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               return {
+                 type: 'LineString',
+                 coordinates: coordinates
+               };
              }
-           }
-         }
+           });
+         },
+         area: function area(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'area', function () {
+             var nodes = resolver.childNodes(this);
+             var json = {
+               type: 'Polygon',
+               coordinates: [nodes.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.loc;
+               })]
+             };
 
-         function _actionBounceBack(nodeID, toLoc) {
-           var moveNode = actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc);
+             if (!this.isClosed() && nodes.length) {
+               json.coordinates[0].push(nodes[0].loc);
+             }
 
-           var action = function action(graph, t) {
-             // last time through, pop off the bounceback perform.
-             // it will then overwrite the initial perform with a moveNode that does nothing
-             if (t === 1) context.pop();
-             return moveNode(graph, t);
-           };
+             var area = d3_geoArea(json); // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
+             // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
 
-           action.transitionable = true;
-           return action;
-         }
+             if (area > 2 * Math.PI) {
+               json.coordinates[0] = json.coordinates[0].reverse();
+               area = d3_geoArea(json);
+             }
 
-         function cancel() {
-           drag.cancel();
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
+           });
          }
+       }); // Filter function to eliminate consecutive duplicates.
 
-         var drag = behaviorDrag().selector('.layer-touch.points .target').surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node()).origin(origin).on('start', start).on('move', move).on('end', end);
+       function noRepeatNodes(node, i, arr) {
+         return i === 0 || node !== arr[i - 1];
+       }
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           context.install(hover);
-           context.install(edit);
-           select(window).on('keydown.dragNode', keydown).on('keyup.dragNode', keyup);
-           context.history().on('undone.drag-node', cancel);
-         };
+       //
+       // 1. Relation tagged with `type=multipolygon` and no interesting tags.
+       // 2. One and only one member with the `outer` role. Must be a way with interesting tags.
+       // 3. No members without a role.
+       //
+       // Old multipolygons are no longer recommended but are still rendered as areas by iD.
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
-           context.uninstall(hover);
-           context.uninstall(edit);
-           select(window).on('keydown.dragNode', null).on('keyup.dragNode', null);
-           context.history().on('undone.drag-node', null);
-           _activeEntity = null;
-           context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false).selectAll('.active').classed('active', false);
-           stopNudge();
-         };
+       function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph) {
+         if (entity.type !== 'relation' || !entity.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) {
+           return false;
+         }
 
-         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _activeEntity ? [_activeEntity.id] : []; // no assign
+         var outerMember;
 
-           return mode;
-         };
+         for (var memberIndex in entity.members) {
+           var member = entity.members[memberIndex];
 
-         mode.activeID = function () {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _activeEntity && _activeEntity.id; // no assign
+           if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
+             if (outerMember) return false;
+             if (member.type !== 'way') return false;
+             if (!graph.hasEntity(member.id)) return false;
+             outerMember = graph.entity(member.id);
 
-           return mode;
-         };
+             if (Object.keys(outerMember.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-         mode.restoreSelectedIDs = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _restoreSelectedIDs;
-           _restoreSelectedIDs = _;
-           return mode;
-         };
+         return outerMember;
+       } // For fixing up rendering of multipolygons with tags on the outer member.
+       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/613
 
-         mode.behavior = drag;
-         return mode;
-       }
+       function osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
+         if (entity.type !== 'way' || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0) {
+           return false;
+         }
 
-       // Safari bug https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200829
-       var NON_GENERIC = !!nativePromiseConstructor && fails(function () {
-         nativePromiseConstructor.prototype['finally'].call({ then: function () { /* empty */ } }, function () { /* empty */ });
-       });
+         var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
+         if (parents.length !== 1) return false;
+         var parent = parents[0];
 
-       // `Promise.prototype.finally` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-promise.prototype.finally
-       _export({ target: 'Promise', proto: true, real: true, forced: NON_GENERIC }, {
-         'finally': function (onFinally) {
-           var C = speciesConstructor(this, getBuiltIn('Promise'));
-           var isFunction = typeof onFinally == 'function';
-           return this.then(
-             isFunction ? function (x) {
-               return promiseResolve(C, onFinally()).then(function () { return x; });
-             } : onFinally,
-             isFunction ? function (e) {
-               return promiseResolve(C, onFinally()).then(function () { throw e; });
-             } : onFinally
-           );
+         if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) {
+           return false;
          }
-       });
 
-       // patch native Promise.prototype for native async functions
-       if ( typeof nativePromiseConstructor == 'function' && !nativePromiseConstructor.prototype['finally']) {
-         redefine(nativePromiseConstructor.prototype, 'finally', getBuiltIn('Promise').prototype['finally']);
-       }
+         var members = parent.members,
+             member;
 
-       // @@search logic
-       fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic('search', 1, function (SEARCH, nativeSearch, maybeCallNative) {
-         return [
-           // `String.prototype.search` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.search
-           function search(regexp) {
-             var O = requireObjectCoercible(this);
-             var searcher = regexp == undefined ? undefined : regexp[SEARCH];
-             return searcher !== undefined ? searcher.call(regexp, O) : new RegExp(regexp)[SEARCH](String(O));
-           },
-           // `RegExp.prototype[@@search]` method
-           // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@search
-           function (regexp) {
-             var res = maybeCallNative(nativeSearch, regexp, this);
-             if (res.done) return res.value;
+         for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
+           member = members[i];
 
-             var rx = anObject(regexp);
-             var S = String(this);
+           if (member.id === entity.id && member.role && member.role !== 'outer') {
+             // Not outer member
+             return false;
+           }
 
-             var previousLastIndex = rx.lastIndex;
-             if (!sameValue(previousLastIndex, 0)) rx.lastIndex = 0;
-             var result = regexpExecAbstract(rx, S);
-             if (!sameValue(rx.lastIndex, previousLastIndex)) rx.lastIndex = previousLastIndex;
-             return result === null ? -1 : result.index;
+           if (member.id !== entity.id && (!member.role || member.role === 'outer')) {
+             // Not a simple multipolygon
+             return false;
            }
-         ];
-       });
+         }
 
-       function quickselect$1(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
-         quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || arr.length - 1, compare || defaultCompare);
+         return parent;
        }
+       function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
+         if (entity.type !== 'way') return false;
+         var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
+         if (parents.length !== 1) return false;
+         var parent = parents[0];
 
-       function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
-         while (right > left) {
-           if (right - left > 600) {
-             var n = right - left + 1;
-             var m = k - left + 1;
-             var z = Math.log(n);
-             var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
-             var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
-             var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
-             var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
-             quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
-           }
+         if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) {
+           return false;
+         }
 
-           var t = arr[k];
-           var i = left;
-           var j = right;
-           swap$1(arr, left, k);
-           if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) swap$1(arr, left, right);
+         var members = parent.members,
+             member,
+             outerMember;
 
-           while (i < j) {
-             swap$1(arr, i, j);
-             i++;
-             j--;
+         for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
+           member = members[i];
 
-             while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) {
-               i++;
-             }
+           if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
+             if (outerMember) return false; // Not a simple multipolygon
 
-             while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) {
-               j--;
-             }
+             outerMember = member;
            }
+         }
 
-           if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) swap$1(arr, left, j);else {
-             j++;
-             swap$1(arr, j, right);
-           }
-           if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
-           if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
+         if (!outerMember) return false;
+         var outerEntity = graph.hasEntity(outerMember.id);
+
+         if (!outerEntity || !Object.keys(outerEntity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length) {
+           return false;
          }
-       }
 
-       function swap$1(arr, i, j) {
-         var tmp = arr[i];
-         arr[i] = arr[j];
-         arr[j] = tmp;
-       }
+         return outerEntity;
+       } // Join `toJoin` array into sequences of connecting ways.
+       // Segments which share identical start/end nodes will, as much as possible,
+       // be connected with each other.
+       //
+       // The return value is a nested array. Each constituent array contains elements
+       // of `toJoin` which have been determined to connect.
+       //
+       // Each consitituent array also has a `nodes` property whose value is an
+       // ordered array of member nodes, with appropriate order reversal and
+       // start/end coordinate de-duplication.
+       //
+       // Members of `toJoin` must have, at minimum, `type` and `id` properties.
+       // Thus either an array of `osmWay`s or a relation member array may be used.
+       //
+       // If an member is an `osmWay`, its tags and childnodes may be reversed via
+       // `actionReverse` in the output.
+       //
+       // The returned sequences array also has an `actions` array property, containing
+       // any reversal actions that should be applied to the graph, should the calling
+       // code attempt to actually join the given ways.
+       //
+       // Incomplete members (those for which `graph.hasEntity(element.id)` returns
+       // false) and non-way members are ignored.
+       //
 
-       function defaultCompare(a, b) {
-         return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
-       }
+       function osmJoinWays(toJoin, graph) {
+         function resolve(member) {
+           return graph.childNodes(graph.entity(member.id));
+         }
 
-       var RBush = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function RBush() {
-           var maxEntries = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : 9;
+         function reverse(item) {
+           var action = actionReverse(item.id, {
+             reverseOneway: true
+           });
+           sequences.actions.push(action);
+           return item instanceof osmWay ? action(graph).entity(item.id) : item;
+         } // make a copy containing only the items to join
 
-           _classCallCheck(this, RBush);
 
-           // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
-           this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries);
-           this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));
-           this.clear();
-         }
+         toJoin = toJoin.filter(function (member) {
+           return member.type === 'way' && graph.hasEntity(member.id);
+         }); // Are the things we are joining relation members or `osmWays`?
+         // If `osmWays`, skip the "prefer a forward path" code below (see #4872)
 
-         _createClass(RBush, [{
-           key: "all",
-           value: function all() {
-             return this._all(this.data, []);
+         var i;
+         var joinAsMembers = true;
+
+         for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
+           if (toJoin[i] instanceof osmWay) {
+             joinAsMembers = false;
+             break;
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "search",
-           value: function search(bbox) {
-             var node = this.data;
-             var result = [];
-             if (!intersects(bbox, node)) return result;
-             var toBBox = this.toBBox;
-             var nodesToSearch = [];
+         }
 
-             while (node) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
-                 var child = node.children[i];
-                 var childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
+         var sequences = [];
+         sequences.actions = [];
 
-                 if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
-                   if (node.leaf) result.push(child);else if (contains(bbox, childBBox)) this._all(child, result);else nodesToSearch.push(child);
-                 }
+         while (toJoin.length) {
+           // start a new sequence
+           var item = toJoin.shift();
+           var currWays = [item];
+           var currNodes = resolve(item).slice(); // add to it
+
+           while (toJoin.length) {
+             var start = currNodes[0];
+             var end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
+             var fn = null;
+             var nodes = null; // Find the next way/member to join.
+
+             for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
+               item = toJoin[i];
+               nodes = resolve(item); // (for member ordering only, not way ordering - see #4872)
+               // Strongly prefer to generate a forward path that preserves the order
+               // of the members array. For multipolygons and most relations, member
+               // order does not matter - but for routes, it does. (see #4589)
+               // If we started this sequence backwards (i.e. next member way attaches to
+               // the start node and not the end node), reverse the initial way before continuing.
+
+               if (joinAsMembers && currWays.length === 1 && nodes[0] !== end && nodes[nodes.length - 1] !== end && (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start || nodes[0] === start)) {
+                 currWays[0] = reverse(currWays[0]);
+                 currNodes.reverse();
+                 start = currNodes[0];
+                 end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
                }
 
-               node = nodesToSearch.pop();
-             }
+               if (nodes[0] === end) {
+                 fn = currNodes.push; // join to end
 
-             return result;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "collides",
-           value: function collides(bbox) {
-             var node = this.data;
-             if (!intersects(bbox, node)) return false;
-             var nodesToSearch = [];
+                 nodes = nodes.slice(1);
+                 break;
+               } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === end) {
+                 fn = currNodes.push; // join to end
 
-             while (node) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
-                 var child = node.children[i];
-                 var childBBox = node.leaf ? this.toBBox(child) : child;
+                 nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1).reverse();
+                 item = reverse(item);
+                 break;
+               } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start) {
+                 fn = currNodes.unshift; // join to beginning
 
-                 if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
-                   if (node.leaf || contains(bbox, childBBox)) return true;
-                   nodesToSearch.push(child);
-                 }
+                 nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1);
+                 break;
+               } else if (nodes[0] === start) {
+                 fn = currNodes.unshift; // join to beginning
+
+                 nodes = nodes.slice(1).reverse();
+                 item = reverse(item);
+                 break;
+               } else {
+                 fn = nodes = null;
                }
+             }
 
-               node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+             if (!nodes) {
+               // couldn't find a joinable way/member
+               break;
              }
 
-             return false;
+             fn.apply(currWays, [item]);
+             fn.apply(currNodes, nodes);
+             toJoin.splice(i, 1);
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "load",
-           value: function load(data) {
-             if (!(data && data.length)) return this;
-
-             if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
-                 this.insert(data[i]);
-               }
-
-               return this;
-             } // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
 
+           currWays.nodes = currNodes;
+           sequences.push(currWays);
+         }
 
-             var node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);
+         return sequences;
+       }
 
-             if (!this.data.children.length) {
-               // save as is if tree is empty
-               this.data = node;
-             } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
-               // split root if trees have the same height
-               this._splitRoot(this.data, node);
-             } else {
-               if (this.data.height < node.height) {
-                 // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
-                 var tmpNode = this.data;
-                 this.data = node;
-                 node = tmpNode;
-               } // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
+       function actionAddMember(relationId, member, memberIndex, insertPair) {
+         return function action(graph) {
+           var relation = graph.entity(relationId); // There are some special rules for Public Transport v2 routes.
 
+           var isPTv2 = /stop|platform/.test(member.role);
 
-               this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
+           if ((isNaN(memberIndex) || insertPair) && member.type === 'way' && !isPTv2) {
+             // Try to perform sensible inserts based on how the ways join together
+             graph = addWayMember(relation, graph);
+           } else {
+             // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
+             // Stops and Platforms for PTv2 should be ordered first.
+             // hack: We do not currently have the ability to place them in the exactly correct order.
+             if (isPTv2 && isNaN(memberIndex)) {
+               memberIndex = 0;
              }
 
-             return this;
+             graph = graph.replace(relation.addMember(member, memberIndex));
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "insert",
-           value: function insert(item) {
-             if (item) this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1);
-             return this;
+
+           return graph;
+         }; // Add a way member into the relation "wherever it makes sense".
+         // In this situation we were not supplied a memberIndex.
+
+         function addWayMember(relation, graph) {
+           var groups, tempWay, item, i, j, k; // remove PTv2 stops and platforms before doing anything.
+
+           var PTv2members = [];
+           var members = [];
+
+           for (i = 0; i < relation.members.length; i++) {
+             var m = relation.members[i];
+
+             if (/stop|platform/.test(m.role)) {
+               PTv2members.push(m);
+             } else {
+               members.push(m);
+             }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "clear",
-           value: function clear() {
-             this.data = createNode([]);
-             return this;
+
+           relation = relation.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+
+           if (insertPair) {
+             // We're adding a member that must stay paired with an existing member.
+             // (This feature is used by `actionSplit`)
+             //
+             // This is tricky because the members may exist multiple times in the
+             // member list, and with different A-B/B-A ordering and different roles.
+             // (e.g. a bus route that loops out and back - #4589).
+             //
+             // Replace the existing member with a temporary way,
+             // so that `osmJoinWays` can treat the pair like a single way.
+             tempWay = osmWay({
+               id: 'wTemp',
+               nodes: insertPair.nodes
+             });
+             graph = graph.replace(tempWay);
+             var tempMember = {
+               id: tempWay.id,
+               type: 'way',
+               role: member.role
+             };
+             var tempRelation = relation.replaceMember({
+               id: insertPair.originalID
+             }, tempMember, true);
+             groups = utilArrayGroupBy(tempRelation.members, 'type');
+             groups.way = groups.way || [];
+           } else {
+             // Add the member anywhere, one time. Just push and let `osmJoinWays` decide where to put it.
+             groups = utilArrayGroupBy(relation.members, 'type');
+             groups.way = groups.way || [];
+             groups.way.push(member);
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "remove",
-           value: function remove(item, equalsFn) {
-             if (!item) return this;
-             var node = this.data;
-             var bbox = this.toBBox(item);
-             var path = [];
-             var indexes = [];
-             var i, parent, goingUp; // depth-first iterative tree traversal
 
-             while (node || path.length) {
-               if (!node) {
-                 // go up
-                 node = path.pop();
-                 parent = path[path.length - 1];
-                 i = indexes.pop();
-                 goingUp = true;
+           members = withIndex(groups.way);
+           var joined = osmJoinWays(members, graph); // `joined` might not contain all of the way members,
+           // But will contain only the completed (downloaded) members
+
+           for (i = 0; i < joined.length; i++) {
+             var segment = joined[i];
+             var nodes = segment.nodes.slice();
+             var startIndex = segment[0].index; // j = array index in `members` where this segment starts
+
+             for (j = 0; j < members.length; j++) {
+               if (members[j].index === startIndex) {
+                 break;
                }
+             } // k = each member in segment
 
-               if (node.leaf) {
-                 // check current node
-                 var index = findItem(item, node.children, equalsFn);
 
-                 if (index !== -1) {
-                   // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
-                   node.children.splice(index, 1);
-                   path.push(node);
+             for (k = 0; k < segment.length; k++) {
+               item = segment[k];
+               var way = graph.entity(item.id); // If this is a paired item, generate members in correct order and role
 
-                   this._condense(path);
+               if (tempWay && item.id === tempWay.id) {
+                 if (nodes[0].id === insertPair.nodes[0]) {
+                   item.pair = [{
+                     id: insertPair.originalID,
+                     type: 'way',
+                     role: item.role
+                   }, {
+                     id: insertPair.insertedID,
+                     type: 'way',
+                     role: item.role
+                   }];
+                 } else {
+                   item.pair = [{
+                     id: insertPair.insertedID,
+                     type: 'way',
+                     role: item.role
+                   }, {
+                     id: insertPair.originalID,
+                     type: 'way',
+                     role: item.role
+                   }];
+                 }
+               } // reorder `members` if necessary
 
-                   return this;
+
+               if (k > 0) {
+                 if (j + k >= members.length || item.index !== members[j + k].index) {
+                   moveMember(members, item.index, j + k);
                  }
                }
 
-               if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains(node, bbox)) {
-                 // go down
-                 path.push(node);
-                 indexes.push(i);
-                 i = 0;
-                 parent = node;
-                 node = node.children[0];
-               } else if (parent) {
-                 // go right
-                 i++;
-                 node = parent.children[i];
-                 goingUp = false;
-               } else node = null; // nothing found
-
+               nodes.splice(0, way.nodes.length - 1);
              }
-
-             return this;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "toBBox",
-           value: function toBBox(item) {
-             return item;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "compareMinX",
-           value: function compareMinX(a, b) {
-             return a.minX - b.minX;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "compareMinY",
-           value: function compareMinY(a, b) {
-             return a.minY - b.minY;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "toJSON",
-           value: function toJSON() {
-             return this.data;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "fromJSON",
-           value: function fromJSON(data) {
-             this.data = data;
-             return this;
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "_all",
-           value: function _all(node, result) {
-             var nodesToSearch = [];
 
-             while (node) {
-               if (node.leaf) result.push.apply(result, _toConsumableArray(node.children));else nodesToSearch.push.apply(nodesToSearch, _toConsumableArray(node.children));
-               node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+           if (tempWay) {
+             graph = graph.remove(tempWay);
+           } // Final pass: skip dead items, split pairs, remove index properties
+
+
+           var wayMembers = [];
+
+           for (i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
+             item = members[i];
+             if (item.index === -1) continue;
+
+             if (item.pair) {
+               wayMembers.push(item.pair[0]);
+               wayMembers.push(item.pair[1]);
+             } else {
+               wayMembers.push(utilObjectOmit(item, ['index']));
              }
+           } // Put stops and platforms first, then nodes, ways, relations
+           // This is recommended for Public Transport v2 routes:
+           // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
 
-             return result;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "_build",
-           value: function _build(items, left, right, height) {
-             var N = right - left + 1;
-             var M = this._maxEntries;
-             var node;
 
-             if (N <= M) {
-               // reached leaf level; return leaf
-               node = createNode(items.slice(left, right + 1));
-               calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
-               return node;
+           var newMembers = PTv2members.concat(groups.node || [], wayMembers, groups.relation || []);
+           return graph.replace(relation.update({
+             members: newMembers
+           })); // `moveMember()` changes the `members` array in place by splicing
+           // the item with `.index = findIndex` to where it belongs,
+           // and marking the old position as "dead" with `.index = -1`
+           //
+           // j=5, k=0                jk
+           // segment                 5 4 7 6
+           // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        keep 5 in j+k
+           //
+           // j=5, k=1                j k
+           // segment                 5 4 7 6
+           // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        move 4 to j+k
+           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      moved
+           //
+           // j=5, k=2                j   k
+           // segment                 5 4 7 6
+           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      move 7 to j+k
+           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    moved
+           //
+           // j=5, k=3                j     k
+           // segment                 5 4 7 6
+           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    keep 6 in j+k
+           //
+
+           function moveMember(arr, findIndex, toIndex) {
+             var i;
+
+             for (i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+               if (arr[i].index === findIndex) {
+                 break;
+               }
              }
 
-             if (!height) {
-               // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
-               height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M)); // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
+             var item = Object.assign({}, arr[i]); // shallow copy
 
-               M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
-             }
+             arr[i].index = -1; // mark as dead
 
-             node = createNode([]);
-             node.leaf = false;
-             node.height = height; // split the items into M mostly square tiles
+             item.index = toIndex;
+             arr.splice(toIndex, 0, item);
+           } // This is the same as `Relation.indexedMembers`,
+           // Except we don't want to index all the members, only the ways
 
-             var N2 = Math.ceil(N / M);
-             var N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M));
-             multiSelect(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);
 
-             for (var i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {
-               var right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);
-               multiSelect(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);
+           function withIndex(arr) {
+             var result = new Array(arr.length);
 
-               for (var j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {
-                 var right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2); // pack each entry recursively
+             for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+               result[i] = Object.assign({}, arr[i]); // shallow copy
 
-                 node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
-               }
+               result[i].index = i;
              }
 
-             calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
-             return node;
+             return result;
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "_chooseSubtree",
-           value: function _chooseSubtree(bbox, node, level, path) {
-             while (true) {
-               path.push(node);
-               if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) break;
-               var minArea = Infinity;
-               var minEnlargement = Infinity;
-               var targetNode = void 0;
+         }
+       }
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
-                 var child = node.children[i];
-                 var area = bboxArea(child);
-                 var enlargement = enlargedArea(bbox, child) - area; // choose entry with the least area enlargement
+       function actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, node) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           graph = graph.replace(node.move(midpoint.loc));
+           var parents = utilArrayIntersection(graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[0])), graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[1])));
+           parents.forEach(function (way) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+               if (geoEdgeEqual([way.nodes[i], way.nodes[i + 1]], midpoint.edge)) {
+                 graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(way.id).addNode(node.id, i + 1)); // Add only one midpoint on doubled-back segments,
+                 // turning them into self-intersections.
 
-                 if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
-                   minEnlargement = enlargement;
-                   minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
-                   targetNode = child;
-                 } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
-                   // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
-                   if (area < minArea) {
-                     minArea = area;
-                     targetNode = child;
-                   }
-                 }
+                 return;
                }
-
-               node = targetNode || node.children[0];
              }
+           });
+           return graph;
+         };
+       }
 
-             return node;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "_insert",
-           value: function _insert(item, level, isNode) {
-             var bbox = isNode ? item : this.toBBox(item);
-             var insertPath = []; // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
-
-             var node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath); // put the item into the node
-
-
-             node.children.push(item);
-             extend$1(node, bbox); // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
+       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/AddNodeToWayAction.as
+       function actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).addNode(nodeId, index));
+         };
+       }
 
-             while (level >= 0) {
-               if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
-                 this._split(insertPath, level);
+       function actionChangeMember(relationId, member, memberIndex) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).updateMember(member, memberIndex));
+         };
+       }
 
-                 level--;
-               } else break;
-             } // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
+       function actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, newPreset, skipFieldDefaults) {
+         return function action(graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           var tags = entity.tags; // preserve tags that the new preset might care about, if any
 
+           if (oldPreset) tags = oldPreset.unsetTags(tags, geometry, newPreset && newPreset.addTags ? Object.keys(newPreset.addTags) : null);
+           if (newPreset) tags = newPreset.setTags(tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults);
+           return graph.replace(entity.update({
+             tags: tags
+           }));
+         };
+       }
 
-             this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
-           } // split overflowed node into two
+       function actionChangeTags(entityId, tags) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
+           return graph.replace(entity.update({
+             tags: tags
+           }));
+         };
+       }
 
-         }, {
-           key: "_split",
-           value: function _split(insertPath, level) {
-             var node = insertPath[level];
-             var M = node.children.length;
-             var m = this._minEntries;
+       function osmNode() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmNode)) {
+           return new osmNode().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
+         }
+       }
+       osmEntity.node = osmNode;
+       osmNode.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+       Object.assign(osmNode.prototype, {
+         type: 'node',
+         loc: [9999, 9999],
+         extent: function extent() {
+           return new geoExtent(this.loc);
+         },
+         geometry: function geometry(graph) {
+           return graph["transient"](this, 'geometry', function () {
+             return graph.isPoi(this) ? 'point' : 'vertex';
+           });
+         },
+         move: function move(loc) {
+           return this.update({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+         },
+         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
+           return !(Array.isArray(this.loc) && this.loc.length === 2 && this.loc[0] >= -180 && this.loc[0] <= 180 && this.loc[1] >= -90 && this.loc[1] <= 90);
+         },
+         // Inspect tags and geometry to determine which direction(s) this node/vertex points
+         directions: function directions(resolver, projection) {
+           var val;
+           var i; // which tag to use?
 
-             this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);
+           if (this.isHighwayIntersection(resolver) && (this.tags.stop || '').toLowerCase() === 'all') {
+             // all-way stop tag on a highway intersection
+             val = 'all';
+           } else {
+             // generic direction tag
+             val = (this.tags.direction || '').toLowerCase(); // better suffix-style direction tag
 
-             var splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);
+             var re = /:direction$/i;
+             var keys = Object.keys(this.tags);
 
-             var newNode = createNode(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
-             newNode.height = node.height;
-             newNode.leaf = node.leaf;
-             calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
-             calcBBox(newNode, this.toBBox);
-             if (level) insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode);else this._splitRoot(node, newNode);
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "_splitRoot",
-           value: function _splitRoot(node, newNode) {
-             // split root node
-             this.data = createNode([node, newNode]);
-             this.data.height = node.height + 1;
-             this.data.leaf = false;
-             calcBBox(this.data, this.toBBox);
+             for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+               if (re.test(keys[i])) {
+                 val = this.tags[keys[i]].toLowerCase();
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "_chooseSplitIndex",
-           value: function _chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M) {
-             var index;
-             var minOverlap = Infinity;
-             var minArea = Infinity;
 
-             for (var i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
-               var bbox1 = distBBox(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
-               var bbox2 = distBBox(node, i, M, this.toBBox);
-               var overlap = intersectionArea(bbox1, bbox2);
-               var area = bboxArea(bbox1) + bboxArea(bbox2); // choose distribution with minimum overlap
+           if (val === '') return [];
+           var cardinal = {
+             north: 0,
+             n: 0,
+             northnortheast: 22,
+             nne: 22,
+             northeast: 45,
+             ne: 45,
+             eastnortheast: 67,
+             ene: 67,
+             east: 90,
+             e: 90,
+             eastsoutheast: 112,
+             ese: 112,
+             southeast: 135,
+             se: 135,
+             southsoutheast: 157,
+             sse: 157,
+             south: 180,
+             s: 180,
+             southsouthwest: 202,
+             ssw: 202,
+             southwest: 225,
+             sw: 225,
+             westsouthwest: 247,
+             wsw: 247,
+             west: 270,
+             w: 270,
+             westnorthwest: 292,
+             wnw: 292,
+             northwest: 315,
+             nw: 315,
+             northnorthwest: 337,
+             nnw: 337
+           };
+           var values = val.split(';');
+           var results = [];
+           values.forEach(function (v) {
+             // swap cardinal for numeric directions
+             if (cardinal[v] !== undefined) {
+               v = cardinal[v];
+             } // numeric direction - just add to results
 
-               if (overlap < minOverlap) {
-                 minOverlap = overlap;
-                 index = i;
-                 minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
-               } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
-                 // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
-                 if (area < minArea) {
-                   minArea = area;
-                   index = i;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
 
-             return index || M - m;
-           } // sorts node children by the best axis for split
+             if (v !== '' && !isNaN(+v)) {
+               results.push(+v);
+               return;
+             } // string direction - inspect parent ways
 
-         }, {
-           key: "_chooseSplitAxis",
-           value: function _chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M) {
-             var compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX;
-             var compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY;
 
-             var xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX);
+             var lookBackward = this.tags['traffic_sign:backward'] || v === 'backward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all';
+             var lookForward = this.tags['traffic_sign:forward'] || v === 'forward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all';
+             if (!lookForward && !lookBackward) return;
+             var nodeIds = {};
+             resolver.parentWays(this).forEach(function (parent) {
+               var nodes = parent.nodes;
 
-             var yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY); // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
-             // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
+               for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+                 if (nodes[i] === this.id) {
+                   // match current entity
+                   if (lookForward && i > 0) {
+                     nodeIds[nodes[i - 1]] = true; // look back to prev node
+                   }
 
+                   if (lookBackward && i < nodes.length - 1) {
+                     nodeIds[nodes[i + 1]] = true; // look ahead to next node
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }, this);
+             Object.keys(nodeIds).forEach(function (nodeId) {
+               // +90 because geoAngle returns angle from X axis, not Y (north)
+               results.push(geoAngle(this, resolver.entity(nodeId), projection) * (180 / Math.PI) + 90);
+             }, this);
+           }, this);
+           return utilArrayUniq(results);
+         },
+         isCrossing: function isCrossing() {
+           return this.tags.highway === 'crossing' || this.tags.railway && this.tags.railway.indexOf('crossing') !== -1;
+         },
+         isEndpoint: function isEndpoint(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isEndpoint', function () {
+             var id = this.id;
+             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
+               return !parent.isClosed() && !!parent.affix(id);
+             }).length > 0;
+           });
+         },
+         isConnected: function isConnected(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isConnected', function () {
+             var parents = resolver.parentWays(this);
 
-             if (xMargin < yMargin) node.children.sort(compareMinX);
-           } // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
+             if (parents.length > 1) {
+               // vertex is connected to multiple parent ways
+               for (var i in parents) {
+                 if (parents[i].geometry(resolver) === 'line' && parents[i].hasInterestingTags()) return true;
+               }
+             } else if (parents.length === 1) {
+               var way = parents[0];
+               var nodes = way.nodes.slice();
 
-         }, {
-           key: "_allDistMargin",
-           value: function _allDistMargin(node, m, M, compare) {
-             node.children.sort(compare);
-             var toBBox = this.toBBox;
-             var leftBBox = distBBox(node, 0, m, toBBox);
-             var rightBBox = distBBox(node, M - m, M, toBBox);
-             var margin = bboxMargin(leftBBox) + bboxMargin(rightBBox);
+               if (way.isClosed()) {
+                 nodes.pop();
+               } // ignore connecting node if closed
+               // return true if vertex appears multiple times (way is self intersecting)
 
-             for (var i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
-               var child = node.children[i];
-               extend$1(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
-               margin += bboxMargin(leftBBox);
-             }
 
-             for (var _i = M - m - 1; _i >= m; _i--) {
-               var _child = node.children[_i];
-               extend$1(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(_child) : _child);
-               margin += bboxMargin(rightBBox);
+               return nodes.indexOf(this.id) !== nodes.lastIndexOf(this.id);
              }
 
-             return margin;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "_adjustParentBBoxes",
-           value: function _adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, path, level) {
-             // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
-             for (var i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
-               extend$1(path[i], bbox);
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "_condense",
-           value: function _condense(path) {
-             // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
-             for (var i = path.length - 1, siblings; i >= 0; i--) {
-               if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
-                 if (i > 0) {
-                   siblings = path[i - 1].children;
-                   siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);
-                 } else this.clear();
-               } else calcBBox(path[i], this.toBBox);
+             return false;
+           });
+         },
+         parentIntersectionWays: function parentIntersectionWays(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'parentIntersectionWays', function () {
+             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
+               return (parent.tags.highway || parent.tags.waterway || parent.tags.railway || parent.tags.aeroway) && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         isIntersection: function isIntersection(resolver) {
+           return this.parentIntersectionWays(resolver).length > 1;
+         },
+         isHighwayIntersection: function isHighwayIntersection(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isHighwayIntersection', function () {
+             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
+               return parent.tags.highway && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
+             }).length > 1;
+           });
+         },
+         isOnAddressLine: function isOnAddressLine(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isOnAddressLine', function () {
+             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
+               return parent.tags.hasOwnProperty('addr:interpolation') && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
+             }).length > 0;
+           });
+         },
+         asJXON: function asJXON(changeset_id) {
+           var r = {
+             node: {
+               '@id': this.osmId(),
+               '@lon': this.loc[0],
+               '@lat': this.loc[1],
+               '@version': this.version || 0,
+               tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
+                 return {
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     k: k,
+                     v: this.tags[k]
+                   }
+                 };
+               }, this)
              }
-           }
-         }]);
-
-         return RBush;
-       }();
-
-       function findItem(item, items, equalsFn) {
-         if (!equalsFn) return items.indexOf(item);
-
-         for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
-           if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) return i;
+           };
+           if (changeset_id) r.node['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
+           return r;
+         },
+         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON() {
+           return {
+             type: 'Point',
+             coordinates: this.loc
+           };
          }
+       });
 
-         return -1;
-       } // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
-
-
-       function calcBBox(node, toBBox) {
-         distBBox(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
-       } // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
+       function actionCircularize(wayId, projection, maxAngle) {
+         maxAngle = (maxAngle || 20) * Math.PI / 180;
 
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var origNodes = {};
+           graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function (node) {
+             if (!origNodes[node.id]) origNodes[node.id] = node;
+           });
 
-       function distBBox(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
-         if (!destNode) destNode = createNode(null);
-         destNode.minX = Infinity;
-         destNode.minY = Infinity;
-         destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
-         destNode.maxY = -Infinity;
+           if (!way.isConvex(graph)) {
+             graph = action.makeConvex(graph);
+           }
 
-         for (var i = k; i < p; i++) {
-           var child = node.children[i];
-           extend$1(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
-         }
+           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
+           var keyNodes = nodes.filter(function (n) {
+             return graph.parentWays(n).length !== 1;
+           });
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var keyPoints = keyNodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var centroid = points.length === 2 ? geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5) : d3_polygonCentroid(points);
+           var radius = d3_median(points, function (p) {
+             return geoVecLength(centroid, p);
+           });
+           var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+           var ids, i, j, k; // we need at least two key nodes for the algorithm to work
 
-         return destNode;
-       }
+           if (!keyNodes.length) {
+             keyNodes = [nodes[0]];
+             keyPoints = [points[0]];
+           }
 
-       function extend$1(a, b) {
-         a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
-         a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
-         a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
-         a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
-         return a;
-       }
+           if (keyNodes.length === 1) {
+             var index = nodes.indexOf(keyNodes[0]);
+             var oppositeIndex = Math.floor((index + nodes.length / 2) % nodes.length);
+             keyNodes.push(nodes[oppositeIndex]);
+             keyPoints.push(points[oppositeIndex]);
+           } // key points and nodes are those connected to the ways,
+           // they are projected onto the circle, in between nodes are moved
+           // to constant intervals between key nodes, extra in between nodes are
+           // added if necessary.
 
-       function compareNodeMinX(a, b) {
-         return a.minX - b.minX;
-       }
 
-       function compareNodeMinY(a, b) {
-         return a.minY - b.minY;
-       }
+           for (i = 0; i < keyPoints.length; i++) {
+             var nextKeyNodeIndex = (i + 1) % keyNodes.length;
+             var startNode = keyNodes[i];
+             var endNode = keyNodes[nextKeyNodeIndex];
+             var startNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(startNode);
+             var endNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(endNode);
+             var numberNewPoints = -1;
+             var indexRange = endNodeIndex - startNodeIndex;
+             var nearNodes = {};
+             var inBetweenNodes = [];
+             var startAngle, endAngle, totalAngle, eachAngle;
+             var angle, loc, node, origNode;
 
-       function bboxArea(a) {
-         return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY);
-       }
+             if (indexRange < 0) {
+               indexRange += nodes.length;
+             } // position this key node
 
-       function bboxMargin(a) {
-         return a.maxX - a.minX + (a.maxY - a.minY);
-       }
 
-       function enlargedArea(a, b) {
-         return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) * (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
-       }
+             var distance = geoVecLength(centroid, keyPoints[i]) || 1e-4;
+             keyPoints[i] = [centroid[0] + (keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]) / distance * radius, centroid[1] + (keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1]) / distance * radius];
+             loc = projection.invert(keyPoints[i]);
+             node = keyNodes[i];
+             origNode = origNodes[node.id];
+             node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
+             graph = graph.replace(node); // figure out the between delta angle we want to match to
 
-       function intersectionArea(a, b) {
-         var minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX);
-         var minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY);
-         var maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX);
-         var maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);
-         return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) * Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
-       }
+             startAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]);
+             endAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][0] - centroid[0]);
+             totalAngle = endAngle - startAngle; // detects looping around -pi/pi
 
-       function contains(a, b) {
-         return a.minX <= b.minX && a.minY <= b.minY && b.maxX <= a.maxX && b.maxY <= a.maxY;
-       }
+             if (totalAngle * sign > 0) {
+               totalAngle = -sign * (2 * Math.PI - Math.abs(totalAngle));
+             }
 
-       function intersects(a, b) {
-         return b.minX <= a.maxX && b.minY <= a.maxY && b.maxX >= a.minX && b.maxY >= a.minY;
-       }
+             do {
+               numberNewPoints++;
+               eachAngle = totalAngle / (indexRange + numberNewPoints);
+             } while (Math.abs(eachAngle) > maxAngle); // move existing nodes
 
-       function createNode(children) {
-         return {
-           children: children,
-           height: 1,
-           leaf: true,
-           minX: Infinity,
-           minY: Infinity,
-           maxX: -Infinity,
-           maxY: -Infinity
-         };
-       } // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
-       // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach
 
+             for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
+               angle = startAngle + j * eachAngle;
+               loc = projection.invert([centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius, centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius]);
+               node = nodes[(j + startNodeIndex) % nodes.length];
+               origNode = origNodes[node.id];
+               nearNodes[node.id] = angle;
+               node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
+               graph = graph.replace(node);
+             } // add new in between nodes if necessary
 
-       function multiSelect(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
-         var stack = [left, right];
 
-         while (stack.length) {
-           right = stack.pop();
-           left = stack.pop();
-           if (right - left <= n) continue;
-           var mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
-           quickselect$1(arr, mid, left, right, compare);
-           stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
-         }
-       }
+             for (j = 0; j < numberNewPoints; j++) {
+               angle = startAngle + (indexRange + j) * eachAngle;
+               loc = projection.invert([centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius, centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius]); // choose a nearnode to use as the original
 
-       var tiler = utilTiler();
-       var dispatch$1 = dispatch('loaded');
-       var _tileZoom = 14;
-       var _krUrlRoot = 'https://www.keepright.at';
-       var _krData = {
-         errorTypes: {},
-         localizeStrings: {}
-       }; // This gets reassigned if reset
+               var min = Infinity;
 
-       var _cache;
+               for (var nodeId in nearNodes) {
+                 var nearAngle = nearNodes[nodeId];
+                 var dist = Math.abs(nearAngle - angle);
 
-       var _krRuleset = [// no 20 - multiple node on same spot - these are mostly boundaries overlapping roads
-       30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 220, 230, 231, 232, 270, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 310, 311, 312, 313, 320, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 401, 402, 410, 411, 412, 413];
+                 if (dist < min) {
+                   min = dist;
+                   origNode = origNodes[nodeId];
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function abortRequest(controller) {
-         if (controller) {
-           controller.abort();
-         }
-       }
+               node = osmNode({
+                 loc: geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t)
+               });
+               graph = graph.replace(node);
+               nodes.splice(endNodeIndex + j, 0, node);
+               inBetweenNodes.push(node.id);
+             } // Check for other ways that share these keyNodes..
+             // If keyNodes are adjacent in both ways,
+             // we can add inBetweenNodes to that shared way too..
 
-       function abortUnwantedRequests(cache, tiles) {
-         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
-           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
-             return k === tile.id;
-           });
 
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest(cache.inflightTile[k]);
-             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
-           }
-         });
-       }
+             if (indexRange === 1 && inBetweenNodes.length) {
+               var startIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
+               var endIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
+               var wayDirection1 = endIndex1 - startIndex1;
 
-       function encodeIssueRtree(d) {
-         return {
-           minX: d.loc[0],
-           minY: d.loc[1],
-           maxX: d.loc[0],
-           maxY: d.loc[1],
-           data: d
-         };
-       } // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
+               if (wayDirection1 < -1) {
+                 wayDirection1 = 1;
+               }
 
+               var parentWays = graph.parentWays(keyNodes[i]);
 
-       function updateRtree(item, replace) {
-         _cache.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) {
-           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
-         });
+               for (j = 0; j < parentWays.length; j++) {
+                 var sharedWay = parentWays[j];
+                 if (sharedWay === way) continue;
 
-         if (replace) {
-           _cache.rtree.insert(item);
-         }
-       }
+                 if (sharedWay.areAdjacent(startNode.id, endNode.id)) {
+                   var startIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
+                   var endIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
+                   var wayDirection2 = endIndex2 - startIndex2;
+                   var insertAt = endIndex2;
 
-       function tokenReplacements(d) {
-         if (!(d instanceof QAItem)) return;
-         var htmlRegex = new RegExp(/<\/[a-z][\s\S]*>/);
-         var replacements = {};
-         var issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[d.whichType];
+                   if (wayDirection2 < -1) {
+                     wayDirection2 = 1;
+                   }
 
-         if (!issueTemplate) {
-           /* eslint-disable no-console */
-           console.log('No Template: ', d.whichType);
-           console.log('  ', d.description);
-           /* eslint-enable no-console */
+                   if (wayDirection1 !== wayDirection2) {
+                     inBetweenNodes.reverse();
+                     insertAt = startIndex2;
+                   }
 
-           return;
-         } // some descriptions are just fixed text
+                   for (k = 0; k < inBetweenNodes.length; k++) {
+                     sharedWay = sharedWay.addNode(inBetweenNodes[k], insertAt + k);
+                   }
+
+                   graph = graph.replace(sharedWay);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           } // update the way to have all the new nodes
 
 
-         if (!issueTemplate.regex) return; // regex pattern should match description with variable details captured
+           ids = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return n.id;
+           });
+           ids.push(ids[0]);
+           way = way.update({
+             nodes: ids
+           });
+           graph = graph.replace(way);
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-         var errorRegex = new RegExp(issueTemplate.regex, 'i');
-         var errorMatch = errorRegex.exec(d.description);
+         action.makeConvex = function (graph) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+           var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
+           var i, j; // D3 convex hulls go counterclockwise..
 
-         if (!errorMatch) {
-           /* eslint-disable no-console */
-           console.log('Unmatched: ', d.whichType);
-           console.log('  ', d.description);
-           console.log('  ', errorRegex);
-           /* eslint-enable no-console */
+           if (sign === -1) {
+             nodes.reverse();
+             points.reverse();
+           }
 
-           return;
-         }
+           for (i = 0; i < hull.length - 1; i++) {
+             var startIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i]);
+             var endIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i + 1]);
+             var indexRange = endIndex - startIndex;
 
-         for (var i = 1; i < errorMatch.length; i++) {
-           // skip first
-           var capture = errorMatch[i];
-           var idType = void 0;
-           idType = 'IDs' in issueTemplate ? issueTemplate.IDs[i - 1] : '';
+             if (indexRange < 0) {
+               indexRange += nodes.length;
+             } // move interior nodes to the surface of the convex hull..
 
-           if (idType && capture) {
-             // link IDs if present in the capture
-             capture = parseError(capture, idType);
-           } else if (htmlRegex.test(capture)) {
-             // escape any html in non-IDs
-             capture = '\\' + capture + '\\';
-           } else {
-             var compare = capture.toLowerCase();
 
-             if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {
-               // some replacement strings can be localized
-               capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
+             for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
+               var point = geoVecInterp(hull[i], hull[i + 1], j / indexRange);
+               var node = nodes[(j + startIndex) % nodes.length].move(projection.invert(point));
+               graph = graph.replace(node);
              }
            }
 
-           replacements['var' + i] = capture;
-         }
-
-         return replacements;
-       }
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-       function parseError(capture, idType) {
-         var compare = capture.toLowerCase();
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           if (!graph.entity(wayId).isClosed()) {
+             return 'not_closed';
+           } //disable when already circular
 
-         if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {
-           // some replacement strings can be localized
-           capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
-         }
 
-         switch (idType) {
-           // link a string like "this node"
-           case 'this':
-             capture = linkErrorObject(capture);
-             break;
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
+           var epsilonAngle = Math.PI / 180;
 
-           case 'url':
-             capture = linkURL(capture);
-             break;
-           // link an entity ID
+           if (hull.length !== points.length || hull.length < 3) {
+             return false;
+           }
 
-           case 'n':
-           case 'w':
-           case 'r':
-             capture = linkEntity(idType + capture);
-             break;
-           // some errors have more complex ID lists/variance
+           var centroid = d3_polygonCentroid(points);
+           var radius = geoVecLengthSquare(centroid, points[0]);
+           var i, actualPoint; // compare distances between centroid and points
 
-           case '20':
-             capture = parse20(capture);
-             break;
+           for (i = 0; i < hull.length; i++) {
+             actualPoint = hull[i];
+             var actualDist = geoVecLengthSquare(actualPoint, centroid);
+             var diff = Math.abs(actualDist - radius); //compare distances with epsilon-error (5%)
 
-           case '211':
-             capture = parse211(capture);
-             break;
+             if (diff > 0.05 * radius) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           } //check if central angles are smaller than maxAngle
 
-           case '231':
-             capture = parse231(capture);
-             break;
 
-           case '294':
-             capture = parse294(capture);
-             break;
+           for (i = 0; i < hull.length; i++) {
+             actualPoint = hull[i];
+             var nextPoint = hull[(i + 1) % hull.length];
+             var startAngle = Math.atan2(actualPoint[1] - centroid[1], actualPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
+             var endAngle = Math.atan2(nextPoint[1] - centroid[1], nextPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
+             var angle = endAngle - startAngle;
 
-           case '370':
-             capture = parse370(capture);
-             break;
-         }
+             if (angle < 0) {
+               angle = -angle;
+             }
 
-         return capture;
+             if (angle > Math.PI) {
+               angle = 2 * Math.PI - angle;
+             }
 
-         function linkErrorObject(d) {
-           return "<a class=\"error_object_link\">".concat(d, "</a>");
-         }
+             if (angle > maxAngle + epsilonAngle) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
 
-         function linkEntity(d) {
-           return "<a class=\"error_entity_link\">".concat(d, "</a>");
-         }
+           return 'already_circular';
+         };
 
-         function linkURL(d) {
-           return "<a class=\"kr_external_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"".concat(d, "\">").concat(d, "</a>");
-         } // arbitrary node list of form: #ID, #ID, #ID...
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
+       }
 
+       function actionDeleteWay(wayID) {
+         function canDeleteNode(node, graph) {
+           // don't delete nodes still attached to ways or relations
+           if (graph.parentWays(node).length || graph.parentRelations(node).length) return false;
+           var geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(node.tags); // don't delete if this node can be a standalone point
 
-         function parse211(capture) {
-           var newList = [];
-           var items = capture.split(', ');
-           items.forEach(function (item) {
-             // ID has # at the front
-             var id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
-             newList.push(id);
-           });
-           return newList.join(', ');
-         } // arbitrary way list of form: #ID(layer),#ID(layer),#ID(layer)...
+           if (geometries.point) return false; // delete if this node only be a vertex
 
+           if (geometries.vertex) return true; // iD doesn't know if this should be a point or vertex,
+           // so only delete if there are no interesting tags
 
-         function parse231(capture) {
-           var newList = []; // unfortunately 'layer' can itself contain commas, so we split on '),'
+           return !node.hasInterestingTags();
+         }
 
-           var items = capture.split('),');
-           items.forEach(function (item) {
-             var match = item.match(/\#(\d+)\((.+)\)?/);
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+           graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (parent) {
+             parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(wayID);
+             graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-             if (match !== null && match.length > 2) {
-               newList.push(linkEntity('w' + match[1]) + ' ' + _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.231.layer', {
-                 layer: match[2]
-               }));
+             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
              }
            });
-           return newList.join(', ');
-         } // arbitrary node/relation list of form: from node #ID,to relation #ID,to node #ID...
-
+           new Set(way.nodes).forEach(function (nodeID) {
+             graph = graph.replace(way.removeNode(nodeID));
+             var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
 
-         function parse294(capture) {
-           var newList = [];
-           var items = capture.split(',');
-           items.forEach(function (item) {
-             // item of form "from/to node/relation #ID"
-             item = item.split(' '); // to/from role is more clear in quotes
+             if (canDeleteNode(node, graph)) {
+               graph = graph.remove(node);
+             }
+           });
+           return graph.remove(way);
+         };
 
-             var role = "\"".concat(item[0], "\""); // first letter of node/relation provides the type
+         return action;
+       }
 
-             var idType = item[1].slice(0, 1); // ID has # at the front
+       function actionDeleteMultiple(ids) {
+         var actions = {
+           way: actionDeleteWay,
+           node: actionDeleteNode,
+           relation: actionDeleteRelation
+         };
 
-             var id = item[2].slice(1);
-             id = linkEntity(idType + id);
-             newList.push("".concat(role, " ").concat(item[1], " ").concat(id));
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           ids.forEach(function (id) {
+             if (graph.hasEntity(id)) {
+               // It may have been deleted already.
+               graph = actions[graph.entity(id).type](id)(graph);
+             }
            });
-           return newList.join(', ');
-         } // may or may not include the string "(including the name 'name')"
-
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-         function parse370(capture) {
-           if (!capture) return '';
-           var match = capture.match(/\(including the name (\'.+\')\)/);
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           if (match && match.length) {
-             return _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.370.including_the_name', {
-               name: match[1]
-             });
-           }
+       function actionDeleteRelation(relationID, allowUntaggedMembers) {
+         function canDeleteEntity(entity, graph) {
+           return !graph.parentWays(entity).length && !graph.parentRelations(entity).length && !entity.hasInterestingTags() && !allowUntaggedMembers;
+         }
 
-           return '';
-         } // arbitrary node list of form: #ID,#ID,#ID...
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var relation = graph.entity(relationID);
+           graph.parentRelations(relation).forEach(function (parent) {
+             parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(relationID);
+             graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
+             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+             }
+           });
+           var memberIDs = utilArrayUniq(relation.members.map(function (m) {
+             return m.id;
+           }));
+           memberIDs.forEach(function (memberID) {
+             graph = graph.replace(relation.removeMembersWithID(memberID));
+             var entity = graph.entity(memberID);
 
-         function parse20(capture) {
-           var newList = [];
-           var items = capture.split(',');
-           items.forEach(function (item) {
-             // ID has # at the front
-             var id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
-             newList.push(id);
+             if (canDeleteEntity(entity, graph)) {
+               graph = actionDeleteMultiple([memberID])(graph);
+             }
            });
-           return newList.join(', ');
-         }
+           return graph.remove(relation);
+         };
+
+         return action;
        }
 
-       var serviceKeepRight = {
-         title: 'keepRight',
-         init: function init() {
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('keepRight').then(function (d) {
-             return _krData = d;
-           });
+       function actionDeleteNode(nodeId) {
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
+           graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function (parent) {
+             parent = parent.removeNode(nodeId);
+             graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-           if (!_cache) {
-             this.reset();
-           }
+             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
+             }
+           });
+           graph.parentRelations(node).forEach(function (parent) {
+             parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(nodeId);
+             graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$1, 'on');
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           if (_cache) {
-             Object.values(_cache.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest);
-           }
+             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+             }
+           });
+           return graph.remove(node);
+         };
 
-           _cache = {
-             data: {},
-             loadedTile: {},
-             inflightTile: {},
-             inflightPost: {},
-             closed: {},
-             rtree: new RBush()
-           };
-         },
-         // KeepRight API:  http://osm.mueschelsoft.de/keepright/interfacing.php
-         loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
-           var _this = this;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           var options = {
-             format: 'geojson',
-             ch: _krRuleset
-           }; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
+       //
+       // First choose a node to be the survivor, with preference given
+       // to an existing (not new) node.
+       //
+       // Tags and relation memberships of of non-surviving nodes are merged
+       // to the survivor.
+       //
+       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionDisconnect`.
+       //
+       // Reference:
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeNodesAction.as
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/MergeNodesAction.java
+       //
 
-           var tiles = tiler.zoomExtent([_tileZoom, _tileZoom]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
+       function actionConnect(nodeIDs) {
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var survivor;
+           var node;
+           var parents;
+           var i, j; // Choose a survivor node, prefer an existing (not new) node - #4974
 
-           abortUnwantedRequests(_cache, tiles); // issue new requests..
+           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             survivor = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             if (survivor.version) break; // found one
+           } // Replace all non-surviving nodes with the survivor and merge tags.
 
-           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-             if (_cache.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
 
-             var _tile$extent$rectangl = tile.extent.rectangle(),
-                 _tile$extent$rectangl2 = _slicedToArray(_tile$extent$rectangl, 4),
-                 left = _tile$extent$rectangl2[0],
-                 top = _tile$extent$rectangl2[1],
-                 right = _tile$extent$rectangl2[2],
-                 bottom = _tile$extent$rectangl2[3];
+           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             if (node.id === survivor.id) continue;
+             parents = graph.parentWays(node);
 
-             var params = Object.assign({}, options, {
-               left: left,
-               bottom: bottom,
-               right: right,
-               top: top
-             });
-             var url = "".concat(_krUrlRoot, "/export.php?") + utilQsString(params);
-             var controller = new AbortController();
-             _cache.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;
-             d3_json(url, {
-               signal: controller.signal
-             }).then(function (data) {
-               delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
-               _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+             for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
+               graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceNode(node.id, survivor.id));
+             }
 
-               if (!data || !data.features || !data.features.length) {
-                 throw new Error('No Data');
-               }
+             parents = graph.parentRelations(node);
 
-               data.features.forEach(function (feature) {
-                 var _feature$properties = feature.properties,
-                     itemType = _feature$properties.error_type,
-                     id = _feature$properties.error_id,
-                     _feature$properties$c = _feature$properties.comment,
-                     comment = _feature$properties$c === void 0 ? null : _feature$properties$c,
-                     objectId = _feature$properties.object_id,
-                     objectType = _feature$properties.object_type,
-                     schema = _feature$properties.schema,
-                     title = _feature$properties.title;
-                 var loc = feature.geometry.coordinates,
-                     _feature$properties$d = feature.properties.description,
-                     description = _feature$properties$d === void 0 ? '' : _feature$properties$d; // if there is a parent, save its error type e.g.:
-                 //  Error 191 = "highway-highway"
-                 //  Error 190 = "intersections without junctions"  (parent)
+             for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
+               graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceMember(node, survivor));
+             }
 
-                 var issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[itemType];
-                 var parentIssueType = (Math.floor(itemType / 10) * 10).toString(); // try to handle error type directly, fallback to parent error type.
+             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(node.tags);
+             graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
+           }
 
-                 var whichType = issueTemplate ? itemType : parentIssueType;
-                 var whichTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[whichType]; // Rewrite a few of the errors at this point..
-                 // This is done to make them easier to linkify and translate.
+           graph = graph.replace(survivor); // find and delete any degenerate ways created by connecting adjacent vertices
 
-                 switch (whichType) {
-                   case '170':
-                     description = "This feature has a FIXME tag: ".concat(description);
-                     break;
+           parents = graph.parentWays(survivor);
 
-                   case '292':
-                   case '293':
-                     description = description.replace('A turn-', 'This turn-');
-                     break;
+           for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+             if (parents[i].isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteWay(parents[i].id)(graph);
+             }
+           }
 
-                   case '294':
-                   case '295':
-                   case '296':
-                   case '297':
-                   case '298':
-                     description = "This turn-restriction~".concat(description);
-                     break;
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-                   case '300':
-                     description = 'This highway is missing a maxspeed tag';
-                     break;
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var seen = {};
+           var restrictionIDs = [];
+           var survivor;
+           var node, way;
+           var relations, relation, role;
+           var i, j, k; // Choose a survivor node, prefer an existing (not new) node - #4974
 
-                   case '411':
-                   case '412':
-                   case '413':
-                     description = "This feature~".concat(description);
-                     break;
-                 } // move markers slightly so it doesn't obscure the geometry,
-                 // then move markers away from other coincident markers
+           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             survivor = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             if (survivor.version) break; // found one
+           } // 1. disable if the nodes being connected have conflicting relation roles
 
 
-                 var coincident = false;
+           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             relations = graph.parentRelations(node);
 
-                 do {
-                   // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
-                   var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
-                   loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
-                   var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
-                   coincident = _cache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
-                 } while (coincident);
+             for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
+               relation = relations[j];
+               role = relation.memberById(node.id).role || ''; // if this node is a via node in a restriction, remember for later
 
-                 var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, itemType, id, {
-                   comment: comment,
-                   description: description,
-                   whichType: whichType,
-                   parentIssueType: parentIssueType,
-                   severity: whichTemplate.severity || 'error',
-                   objectId: objectId,
-                   objectType: objectType,
-                   schema: schema,
-                   title: title
-                 });
-                 d.replacements = tokenReplacements(d);
-                 _cache.data[id] = d;
+               if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
+                 restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
+               }
 
-                 _cache.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree(d));
-               });
-               dispatch$1.call('loaded');
-             })["catch"](function () {
-               delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
-               _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
-             });
-           });
-         },
-         postUpdate: function postUpdate(d, callback) {
-           var _this2 = this;
+               if (seen[relation.id] !== undefined && seen[relation.id] !== role) {
+                 return 'relation';
+               } else {
+                 seen[relation.id] = role;
+               }
+             }
+           } // gather restrictions for parent ways
 
-           if (_cache.inflightPost[d.id]) {
-             return callback({
-               message: 'Error update already inflight',
-               status: -2
-             }, d);
-           }
 
-           var params = {
-             schema: d.schema,
-             id: d.id
-           };
+           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
 
-           if (d.newStatus) {
-             params.st = d.newStatus;
-           }
+             for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
+               var parent = parents[j];
+               relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);
 
-           if (d.newComment !== undefined) {
-             params.co = d.newComment;
-           } // NOTE: This throws a CORS err, but it seems successful.
-           // We don't care too much about the response, so this is fine.
+               for (k = 0; k < relations.length; k++) {
+                 relation = relations[k];
 
+                 if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
+                   restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           } // test restrictions
 
-           var url = "".concat(_krUrlRoot, "/comment.php?") + utilQsString(params);
-           var controller = new AbortController();
-           _cache.inflightPost[d.id] = controller; // Since this is expected to throw an error just continue as if it worked
-           // (worst case scenario the request truly fails and issue will show up if iD restarts)
 
-           d3_json(url, {
-             signal: controller.signal
-           })["finally"](function () {
-             delete _cache.inflightPost[d.id];
+           restrictionIDs = utilArrayUniq(restrictionIDs);
 
-             if (d.newStatus === 'ignore') {
-               // ignore permanently (false positive)
-               _this2.removeItem(d);
-             } else if (d.newStatus === 'ignore_t') {
-               // ignore temporarily (error fixed)
-               _this2.removeItem(d);
+           for (i = 0; i < restrictionIDs.length; i++) {
+             relation = graph.entity(restrictionIDs[i]);
+             if (!relation.isComplete(graph)) continue;
+             var memberWays = relation.members.filter(function (m) {
+               return m.type === 'way';
+             }).map(function (m) {
+               return graph.entity(m.id);
+             });
+             memberWays = utilArrayUniq(memberWays);
+             var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
+             var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
+             var isUturn = f.id === t.id; // 2a. disable if connection would damage a restriction
+             // (a key node is a node at the junction of ways)
 
-               _cache.closed["".concat(d.schema, ":").concat(d.id)] = true;
-             } else {
-               d = _this2.replaceItem(d.update({
-                 comment: d.newComment,
-                 newComment: undefined,
-                 newState: undefined
-               }));
-             }
+             var nodes = {
+               from: [],
+               via: [],
+               to: [],
+               keyfrom: [],
+               keyto: []
+             };
 
-             if (callback) callback(null, d);
-           });
-         },
-         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
-         getItems: function getItems(projection) {
-           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-           return _cache.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
-             return d.data;
-           });
-         },
-         // Get a QAItem from cache
-         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-         getError: function getError(id) {
-           return _cache.data[id];
-         },
-         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
-         replaceItem: function replaceItem(item) {
-           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
-           _cache.data[item.id] = item;
-           updateRtree(encodeIssueRtree(item), true); // true = replace
+             for (j = 0; j < relation.members.length; j++) {
+               collectNodes(relation.members[j], nodes);
+             }
 
-           return item;
-         },
-         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
-         removeItem: function removeItem(item) {
-           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
-           delete _cache.data[item.id];
-           updateRtree(encodeIssueRtree(item), false); // false = remove
-         },
-         issueURL: function issueURL(item) {
-           return "".concat(_krUrlRoot, "/report_map.php?schema=").concat(item.schema, "&error=").concat(item.id);
-         },
-         // Get an array of issues closed during this session.
-         // Used to populate `closed:keepright` changeset tag
-         getClosedIDs: function getClosedIDs() {
-           return Object.keys(_cache.closed).sort();
-         }
-       };
+             nodes.keyfrom = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyfrom.filter(hasDuplicates));
+             nodes.keyto = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyto.filter(hasDuplicates));
+             var filter = keyNodeFilter(nodes.keyfrom, nodes.keyto);
+             nodes.from = nodes.from.filter(filter);
+             nodes.via = nodes.via.filter(filter);
+             nodes.to = nodes.to.filter(filter);
+             var connectFrom = false;
+             var connectVia = false;
+             var connectTo = false;
+             var connectKeyFrom = false;
+             var connectKeyTo = false;
 
-       var tiler$1 = utilTiler();
-       var dispatch$2 = dispatch('loaded');
-       var _tileZoom$1 = 14;
-       var _impOsmUrls = {
-         ow: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/directionOfFlowService',
-         mr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/missingGeoService',
-         tr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/turnRestrictionService'
-       };
-       var _impOsmData = {
-         icons: {}
-       }; // This gets reassigned if reset
+             for (j = 0; j < nodeIDs.length; j++) {
+               var n = nodeIDs[j];
 
-       var _cache$1;
+               if (nodes.from.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectFrom = true;
+               }
 
-       function abortRequest$1(i) {
-         Object.values(i).forEach(function (controller) {
-           if (controller) {
-             controller.abort();
-           }
-         });
-       }
+               if (nodes.via.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectVia = true;
+               }
 
-       function abortUnwantedRequests$1(cache, tiles) {
-         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
-           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
-             return k === tile.id;
-           });
+               if (nodes.to.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectTo = true;
+               }
 
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest$1(cache.inflightTile[k]);
-             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
-           }
-         });
-       }
+               if (nodes.keyfrom.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectKeyFrom = true;
+               }
 
-       function encodeIssueRtree$1(d) {
-         return {
-           minX: d.loc[0],
-           minY: d.loc[1],
-           maxX: d.loc[0],
-           maxY: d.loc[1],
-           data: d
-         };
-       } // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
+               if (nodes.keyto.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectKeyTo = true;
+               }
+             }
 
+             if (connectFrom && connectTo && !isUturn) {
+               return 'restriction';
+             }
 
-       function updateRtree$1(item, replace) {
-         _cache$1.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) {
-           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
-         });
+             if (connectFrom && connectVia) {
+               return 'restriction';
+             }
 
-         if (replace) {
-           _cache$1.rtree.insert(item);
-         }
-       }
+             if (connectTo && connectVia) {
+               return 'restriction';
+             } // connecting to a key node -
+             // if both nodes are on a member way (i.e. part of the turn restriction),
+             // the connecting node must be adjacent to the key node.
 
-       function linkErrorObject(d) {
-         return "<a class=\"error_object_link\">".concat(d, "</a>");
-       }
 
-       function linkEntity(d) {
-         return "<a class=\"error_entity_link\">".concat(d, "</a>");
-       }
+             if (connectKeyFrom || connectKeyTo) {
+               if (nodeIDs.length !== 2) {
+                 return 'restriction';
+               }
 
-       function pointAverage(points) {
-         if (points.length) {
-           var sum = points.reduce(function (acc, point) {
-             return geoVecAdd(acc, [point.lon, point.lat]);
-           }, [0, 0]);
-           return geoVecScale(sum, 1 / points.length);
-         } else {
-           return [0, 0];
-         }
-       }
+               var n0 = null;
+               var n1 = null;
 
-       function relativeBearing(p1, p2) {
-         var angle = Math.atan2(p2.lon - p1.lon, p2.lat - p1.lat);
+               for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
+                 way = memberWays[j];
 
-         if (angle < 0) {
-           angle += 2 * Math.PI;
-         } // Return degrees
+                 if (way.contains(nodeIDs[0])) {
+                   n0 = nodeIDs[0];
+                 }
 
+                 if (way.contains(nodeIDs[1])) {
+                   n1 = nodeIDs[1];
+                 }
+               }
 
-         return angle * 180 / Math.PI;
-       } // Assuming range [0,360)
+               if (n0 && n1) {
+                 // both nodes are part of the restriction
+                 var ok = false;
 
+                 for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
+                   way = memberWays[j];
 
-       function cardinalDirection(bearing) {
-         var dir = 45 * Math.round(bearing / 45);
-         var compass = {
-           0: 'north',
-           45: 'northeast',
-           90: 'east',
-           135: 'southeast',
-           180: 'south',
-           225: 'southwest',
-           270: 'west',
-           315: 'northwest',
-           360: 'north'
-         };
-         return _t("QA.improveOSM.directions.".concat(compass[dir]));
-       } // Errors shouldn't obscure each other
+                   if (way.areAdjacent(n0, n1)) {
+                     ok = true;
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
 
+                 if (!ok) {
+                   return 'restriction';
+                 }
+               }
+             } // 2b. disable if nodes being connected will destroy a member way in a restriction
+             // (to test, make a copy and try actually connecting the nodes)
 
-       function preventCoincident(loc, bumpUp) {
-         var coincident = false;
 
-         do {
-           // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
-           var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : bumpUp ? [0, 0.00001] : [0, 0];
-           loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
-           var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
-           coincident = _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).length;
-         } while (coincident);
+             for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
+               way = memberWays[j].update({}); // make copy
 
-         return loc;
-       }
+               for (k = 0; k < nodeIDs.length; k++) {
+                 if (nodeIDs[k] === survivor.id) continue;
 
-       var serviceImproveOSM = {
-         title: 'improveOSM',
-         init: function init() {
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data').then(function (d) {
-             return _impOsmData = d.improveOSM;
-           });
+                 if (way.areAdjacent(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id)) {
+                   way = way.removeNode(nodeIDs[k]);
+                 } else {
+                   way = way.replaceNode(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           if (!_cache$1) {
-             this.reset();
+               if (way.isDegenerate()) {
+                 return 'restriction';
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$2, 'on');
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           if (_cache$1) {
-             Object.values(_cache$1.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$1);
+           return false; // if a key node appears multiple times (indexOf !== lastIndexOf) it's a FROM-VIA or TO-VIA junction
+
+           function hasDuplicates(n, i, arr) {
+             return arr.indexOf(n) !== arr.lastIndexOf(n);
            }
 
-           _cache$1 = {
-             data: {},
-             loadedTile: {},
-             inflightTile: {},
-             inflightPost: {},
-             closed: {},
-             rtree: new RBush()
-           };
-         },
-         loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
-           var _this = this;
+           function keyNodeFilter(froms, tos) {
+             return function (n) {
+               return froms.indexOf(n) === -1 && tos.indexOf(n) === -1;
+             };
+           }
 
-           var options = {
-             client: 'iD',
-             status: 'OPEN',
-             zoom: '19' // Use a high zoom so that clusters aren't returned
+           function collectNodes(member, collection) {
+             var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
+             if (!entity) return;
+             var role = member.role || '';
 
-           }; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
+             if (!collection[role]) {
+               collection[role] = [];
+             }
 
-           var tiles = tiler$1.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$1, _tileZoom$1]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
+             if (member.type === 'node') {
+               collection[role].push(member.id);
 
-           abortUnwantedRequests$1(_cache$1, tiles); // issue new requests..
+               if (role === 'via') {
+                 collection.keyfrom.push(member.id);
+                 collection.keyto.push(member.id);
+               }
+             } else if (member.type === 'way') {
+               collection[role].push.apply(collection[role], entity.nodes);
 
-           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-             if (_cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
+               if (role === 'from' || role === 'via') {
+                 collection.keyfrom.push(entity.first());
+                 collection.keyfrom.push(entity.last());
+               }
 
-             var _tile$extent$rectangl = tile.extent.rectangle(),
-                 _tile$extent$rectangl2 = _slicedToArray(_tile$extent$rectangl, 4),
-                 east = _tile$extent$rectangl2[0],
-                 north = _tile$extent$rectangl2[1],
-                 west = _tile$extent$rectangl2[2],
-                 south = _tile$extent$rectangl2[3];
+               if (role === 'to' || role === 'via') {
+                 collection.keyto.push(entity.first());
+                 collection.keyto.push(entity.last());
+               }
+             }
+           }
+         };
 
-             var params = Object.assign({}, options, {
-               east: east,
-               south: south,
-               west: west,
-               north: north
-             }); // 3 separate requests to store for each tile
+         return action;
+       }
 
-             var requests = {};
-             Object.keys(_impOsmUrls).forEach(function (k) {
-               // We exclude WATER from missing geometry as it doesn't seem useful
-               // We use most confident one-way and turn restrictions only, still have false positives
-               var kParams = Object.assign({}, params, k === 'mr' ? {
-                 type: 'PARKING,ROAD,BOTH,PATH'
-               } : {
-                 confidenceLevel: 'C1'
-               });
-               var url = "".concat(_impOsmUrls[k], "/search?") + utilQsString(kParams);
-               var controller = new AbortController();
-               requests[k] = controller;
-               d3_json(url, {
-                 signal: controller.signal
-               }).then(function (data) {
-                 delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
+       function actionCopyEntities(ids, fromGraph) {
+         var _copies = {};
 
-                 if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
-                   delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
-                   _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
-                 } // Road segments at high zoom == oneways
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           ids.forEach(function (id) {
+             fromGraph.entity(id).copy(fromGraph, _copies);
+           });
 
+           for (var id in _copies) {
+             graph = graph.replace(_copies[id]);
+           }
 
-                 if (data.roadSegments) {
-                   data.roadSegments.forEach(function (feature) {
-                     // Position error at the approximate middle of the segment
-                     var points = feature.points,
-                         wayId = feature.wayId,
-                         fromNodeId = feature.fromNodeId,
-                         toNodeId = feature.toNodeId;
-                     var itemId = "".concat(wayId).concat(fromNodeId).concat(toNodeId);
-                     var mid = points.length / 2;
-                     var loc; // Even number of points, find midpoint of the middle two
-                     // Odd number of points, use position of very middle point
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-                     if (mid % 1 === 0) {
-                       loc = pointAverage([points[mid - 1], points[mid]]);
-                     } else {
-                       mid = points[Math.floor(mid)];
-                       loc = [mid.lon, mid.lat];
-                     } // One-ways can land on same segment in opposite direction
+         action.copies = function () {
+           return _copies;
+         };
 
+         return action;
+       }
 
-                     loc = preventCoincident(loc, false);
-                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, k, itemId, {
-                       issueKey: k,
-                       // used as a category
-                       identifier: {
-                         // used to post changes
-                         wayId: wayId,
-                         fromNodeId: fromNodeId,
-                         toNodeId: toNodeId
-                       },
-                       objectId: wayId,
-                       objectType: 'way'
-                     }); // Variables used in the description
+       function actionDeleteMember(relationId, memberIndex) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           var relation = graph.entity(relationId).removeMember(memberIndex);
+           graph = graph.replace(relation);
 
-                     d.replacements = {
-                       percentage: feature.percentOfTrips,
-                       num_trips: feature.numberOfTrips,
-                       highway: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.highway')),
-                       from_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.fromNodeId),
-                       to_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.toNodeId)
-                     };
-                     _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
+           if (relation.isDegenerate()) {
+             graph = actionDeleteRelation(relation.id)(graph);
+           }
 
-                     _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
-                   });
-                 } // Tiles at high zoom == missing roads
+           return graph;
+         };
+       }
 
+       function actionDiscardTags(difference, discardTags) {
+         discardTags = discardTags || {};
+         return function (graph) {
+           difference.modified().forEach(checkTags);
+           difference.created().forEach(checkTags);
+           return graph;
 
-                 if (data.tiles) {
-                   data.tiles.forEach(function (feature) {
-                     var type = feature.type,
-                         x = feature.x,
-                         y = feature.y,
-                         numberOfTrips = feature.numberOfTrips;
-                     var geoType = type.toLowerCase();
-                     var itemId = "".concat(geoType).concat(x).concat(y).concat(numberOfTrips); // Average of recorded points should land on the missing geometry
-                     // Missing geometry could happen to land on another error
+           function checkTags(entity) {
+             var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags);
+             var didDiscard = false;
+             var tags = {};
 
-                     var loc = pointAverage(feature.points);
-                     loc = preventCoincident(loc, false);
-                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, "".concat(k, "-").concat(geoType), itemId, {
-                       issueKey: k,
-                       identifier: {
-                         x: x,
-                         y: y
-                       }
-                     });
-                     d.replacements = {
-                       num_trips: numberOfTrips,
-                       geometry_type: _t("QA.improveOSM.geometry_types.".concat(geoType))
-                     }; // -1 trips indicates data came from a 3rd party
+             for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+               var k = keys[i];
 
-                     if (numberOfTrips === -1) {
-                       d.desc = _t('QA.improveOSM.error_types.mr.description_alt', d.replacements);
-                     }
+               if (discardTags[k] || !entity.tags[k]) {
+                 didDiscard = true;
+               } else {
+                 tags[k] = entity.tags[k];
+               }
+             }
 
-                     _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
+             if (didDiscard) {
+               graph = graph.replace(entity.update({
+                 tags: tags
+               }));
+             }
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
-                     _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
-                   });
-                 } // Entities at high zoom == turn restrictions
+       //
+       // Optionally, disconnect only the given ways.
+       //
+       // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the (first) new node.
+       // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
+       // be assigned a new ID.
+       //
+       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionConnect`.
+       //
+       // Reference:
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/UnjoinNodeAction.as
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/UnGlueAction.java
+       //
 
+       function actionDisconnect(nodeId, newNodeId) {
+         var wayIds;
 
-                 if (data.entities) {
-                   data.entities.forEach(function (feature) {
-                     var point = feature.point,
-                         id = feature.id,
-                         segments = feature.segments,
-                         numberOfPasses = feature.numberOfPasses,
-                         turnType = feature.turnType;
-                     var itemId = "".concat(id.replace(/[,:+#]/g, '_')); // Turn restrictions could be missing at same junction
-                     // We also want to bump the error up so node is accessible
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
+           var connections = action.connections(graph);
+           connections.forEach(function (connection) {
+             var way = graph.entity(connection.wayID);
+             var newNode = osmNode({
+               id: newNodeId,
+               loc: node.loc,
+               tags: node.tags
+             });
+             graph = graph.replace(newNode);
 
-                     var loc = preventCoincident([point.lon, point.lat], true); // Elements are presented in a strange way
+             if (connection.index === 0 && way.isArea()) {
+               // replace shared node with shared node..
+               graph = graph.replace(way.replaceNode(way.nodes[0], newNode.id));
+             } else if (way.isClosed() && connection.index === way.nodes.length - 1) {
+               // replace closing node with new new node..
+               graph = graph.replace(way.unclose().addNode(newNode.id));
+             } else {
+               // replace shared node with multiple new nodes..
+               graph = graph.replace(way.updateNode(newNode.id, connection.index));
+             }
+           });
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-                     var ids = id.split(',');
-                     var from_way = ids[0];
-                     var via_node = ids[3];
-                     var to_way = ids[2].split(':')[1];
-                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, k, itemId, {
-                       issueKey: k,
-                       identifier: id,
-                       objectId: via_node,
-                       objectType: 'node'
-                     }); // Travel direction along from_way clarifies the turn restriction
+         action.connections = function (graph) {
+           var candidates = [];
+           var keeping = false;
+           var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
+           var way, waynode;
 
-                     var _segments$0$points = _slicedToArray(segments[0].points, 2),
-                         p1 = _segments$0$points[0],
-                         p2 = _segments$0$points[1];
+           for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
+             way = parentWays[i];
 
-                     var dir_of_travel = cardinalDirection(relativeBearing(p1, p2)); // Variables used in the description
+             if (wayIds && wayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1) {
+               keeping = true;
+               continue;
+             }
 
-                     d.replacements = {
-                       num_passed: numberOfPasses,
-                       num_trips: segments[0].numberOfTrips,
-                       turn_restriction: turnType.toLowerCase(),
-                       from_way: linkEntity('w' + from_way),
-                       to_way: linkEntity('w' + to_way),
-                       travel_direction: dir_of_travel,
-                       junction: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.this_node'))
-                     };
-                     _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
+             if (way.isArea() && way.nodes[0] === nodeId) {
+               candidates.push({
+                 wayID: way.id,
+                 index: 0
+               });
+             } else {
+               for (var j = 0; j < way.nodes.length; j++) {
+                 waynode = way.nodes[j];
 
-                     _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
+                 if (waynode === nodeId) {
+                   if (way.isClosed() && parentWays.length > 1 && wayIds && wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 && j === way.nodes.length - 1) {
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-                     dispatch$2.call('loaded');
+                   candidates.push({
+                     wayID: way.id,
+                     index: j
                    });
                  }
-               })["catch"](function () {
-                 delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-                 if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
-                   delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
-                   _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+           return keeping ? candidates : candidates.slice(1);
+         };
+
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var connections = action.connections(graph);
+           if (connections.length === 0) return 'not_connected';
+           var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
+           var seenRelationIds = {};
+           var sharedRelation;
+           parentWays.forEach(function (way) {
+             var relations = graph.parentRelations(way);
+             relations.forEach(function (relation) {
+               if (relation.id in seenRelationIds) {
+                 if (wayIds) {
+                   if (wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 || wayIds.indexOf(seenRelationIds[relation.id]) !== -1) {
+                     sharedRelation = relation;
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   sharedRelation = relation;
                  }
-               });
+               } else {
+                 seenRelationIds[relation.id] = way.id;
+               }
              });
-             _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id] = requests;
            });
-         },
-         getComments: function getComments(item) {
-           var _this2 = this;
-
-           // If comments already retrieved no need to do so again
-           if (item.comments) {
-             return Promise.resolve(item);
-           }
-
-           var key = item.issueKey;
-           var qParams = {};
+           if (sharedRelation) return 'relation';
+         };
 
-           if (key === 'ow') {
-             qParams = item.identifier;
-           } else if (key === 'mr') {
-             qParams.tileX = item.identifier.x;
-             qParams.tileY = item.identifier.y;
-           } else if (key === 'tr') {
-             qParams.targetId = item.identifier;
-           }
+         action.limitWays = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return wayIds;
+           wayIds = val;
+           return action;
+         };
 
-           var url = "".concat(_impOsmUrls[key], "/retrieveComments?") + utilQsString(qParams);
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           var cacheComments = function cacheComments(data) {
-             // Assign directly for immediate use afterwards
-             // comments are served newest to oldest
-             item.comments = data.comments ? data.comments.reverse() : [];
+       function actionExtract(entityID, projection) {
+         var extractedNodeID;
 
-             _this2.replaceItem(item);
-           };
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
 
-           return d3_json(url).then(cacheComments).then(function () {
-             return item;
-           });
-         },
-         postUpdate: function postUpdate(d, callback) {
-           if (!serviceOsm.authenticated()) {
-             // Username required in payload
-             return callback({
-               message: 'Not Authenticated',
-               status: -3
-             }, d);
+           if (entity.type === 'node') {
+             return extractFromNode(entity, graph);
            }
 
-           if (_cache$1.inflightPost[d.id]) {
-             return callback({
-               message: 'Error update already inflight',
-               status: -2
-             }, d);
-           } // Payload can only be sent once username is established
+           return extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph);
+         };
 
+         function extractFromNode(node, graph) {
+           extractedNodeID = node.id; // Create a new node to replace the one we will detach
 
-           serviceOsm.userDetails(sendPayload.bind(this));
+           var replacement = osmNode({
+             loc: node.loc
+           });
+           graph = graph.replace(replacement); // Process each way in turn, updating the graph as we go
 
-           function sendPayload(err, user) {
-             var _this3 = this;
+           graph = graph.parentWays(node).reduce(function (accGraph, parentWay) {
+             return accGraph.replace(parentWay.replaceNode(entityID, replacement.id));
+           }, graph); // Process any relations too
 
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err, d);
-             }
+           return graph.parentRelations(node).reduce(function (accGraph, parentRel) {
+             return accGraph.replace(parentRel.replaceMember(node, replacement));
+           }, graph);
+         }
 
-             var key = d.issueKey;
-             var url = "".concat(_impOsmUrls[key], "/comment");
-             var payload = {
-               username: user.display_name,
-               targetIds: [d.identifier]
-             };
+         function extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph) {
+           var fromGeometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           var keysToCopyAndRetain = ['source', 'wheelchair'];
+           var keysToRetain = ['area'];
+           var buildingKeysToRetain = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer'];
+           var extractedLoc = d3_geoPath(projection).centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
+           extractedLoc = extractedLoc && projection.invert(extractedLoc);
 
-             if (d.newStatus) {
-               payload.status = d.newStatus;
-               payload.text = 'status changed';
-             } // Comment take place of default text
+           if (!extractedLoc || !isFinite(extractedLoc[0]) || !isFinite(extractedLoc[1])) {
+             extractedLoc = entity.extent(graph).center();
+           }
+
+           var indoorAreaValues = {
+             area: true,
+             corridor: true,
+             elevator: true,
+             level: true,
+             room: true
+           };
+           var isBuilding = entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no' || entity.tags['building:part'] && entity.tags['building:part'] !== 'no';
+           var isIndoorArea = fromGeometry === 'area' && entity.tags.indoor && indoorAreaValues[entity.tags.indoor];
+           var entityTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
+           var pointTags = {};
 
-             if (d.newComment) {
-               payload.text = d.newComment;
+           for (var key in entityTags) {
+             if (entity.type === 'relation' && key === 'type') {
+               continue;
              }
 
-             var controller = new AbortController();
-             _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id] = controller;
-             var options = {
-               method: 'POST',
-               signal: controller.signal,
-               body: JSON.stringify(payload)
-             };
-             d3_json(url, options).then(function () {
-               delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id]; // Just a comment, update error in cache
+             if (keysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
+               continue;
+             }
 
-               if (!d.newStatus) {
-                 var now = new Date();
-                 var comments = d.comments ? d.comments : [];
-                 comments.push({
-                   username: payload.username,
-                   text: payload.text,
-                   timestamp: now.getTime() / 1000
-                 });
+             if (isBuilding) {
+               // don't transfer building-related tags
+               if (buildingKeysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 || key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) || key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) continue;
+             } // leave `indoor` tag on the area
 
-                 _this3.replaceItem(d.update({
-                   comments: comments,
-                   newComment: undefined
-                 }));
-               } else {
-                 _this3.removeItem(d);
 
-                 if (d.newStatus === 'SOLVED') {
-                   // Keep track of the number of issues closed per type to tag the changeset
-                   if (!(d.issueKey in _cache$1.closed)) {
-                     _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] = 0;
-                   }
+             if (isIndoorArea && key === 'indoor') {
+               continue;
+             } // copy the tag from the entity to the point
 
-                   _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] += 1;
-                 }
-               }
 
-               if (callback) callback(null, d);
-             })["catch"](function (err) {
-               delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id];
-               if (callback) callback(err.message);
-             });
-           }
-         },
-         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
-         getItems: function getItems(projection) {
-           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-           return _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
-             return d.data;
-           });
-         },
-         // Get a QAItem from cache
-         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-         getError: function getError(id) {
-           return _cache$1.data[id];
-         },
-         // get the name of the icon to display for this item
-         getIcon: function getIcon(itemType) {
-           return _impOsmData.icons[itemType];
-         },
-         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
-         replaceItem: function replaceItem(issue) {
-           if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) return;
-           _cache$1.data[issue.id] = issue;
-           updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), true); // true = replace
+             pointTags[key] = entityTags[key]; // leave addresses and some other tags so they're on both features
 
-           return issue;
-         },
-         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
-         removeItem: function removeItem(issue) {
-           if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) return;
-           delete _cache$1.data[issue.id];
-           updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), false); // false = remove
-         },
-         // Used to populate `closed:improveosm:*` changeset tags
-         getClosedCounts: function getClosedCounts() {
-           return _cache$1.closed;
-         }
-       };
+             if (keysToCopyAndRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 || key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/)) {
+               continue;
+             } else if (isIndoorArea && key === 'level') {
+               // leave `level` on both features
+               continue;
+             } // remove the tag from the entity
 
-       var quot = /"/g;
 
-       // B.2.3.2.1 CreateHTML(string, tag, attribute, value)
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-createhtml
-       var createHtml = function (string, tag, attribute, value) {
-         var S = String(requireObjectCoercible(string));
-         var p1 = '<' + tag;
-         if (attribute !== '') p1 += ' ' + attribute + '="' + String(value).replace(quot, '&quot;') + '"';
-         return p1 + '>' + S + '</' + tag + '>';
-       };
+             delete entityTags[key];
+           }
 
-       // check the existence of a method, lowercase
-       // of a tag and escaping quotes in arguments
-       var stringHtmlForced = function (METHOD_NAME) {
-         return fails(function () {
-           var test = ''[METHOD_NAME]('"');
-           return test !== test.toLowerCase() || test.split('"').length > 3;
-         });
-       };
+           if (!isBuilding && !isIndoorArea && fromGeometry === 'area') {
+             // ensure that areas keep area geometry
+             entityTags.area = 'yes';
+           }
 
-       // `String.prototype.link` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.link
-       _export({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: stringHtmlForced('link') }, {
-         link: function link(url) {
-           return createHtml(this, 'a', 'href', url);
+           var replacement = osmNode({
+             loc: extractedLoc,
+             tags: pointTags
+           });
+           graph = graph.replace(replacement);
+           extractedNodeID = replacement.id;
+           return graph.replace(entity.update({
+             tags: entityTags
+           }));
          }
-       });
 
-       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$4 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+         action.getExtractedNodeID = function () {
+           return extractedNodeID;
+         };
 
+         return action;
+       }
 
+       //
+       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionSplit`.
+       //
+       // Reference:
+       //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeWaysAction.as
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/CombineWayAction.java
+       //
 
+       function actionJoin(ids) {
+         function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
+           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           return Object.assign({
+             line: []
+           }, utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function (entity) {
+             return entity.geometry(graph);
+           }));
+         }
 
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var ways = ids.map(graph.entity, graph); // if any of the ways are sided (e.g. coastline, cliff, kerb)
+           // sort them first so they establish the overall order - #6033
 
+           ways.sort(function (a, b) {
+             var aSided = a.isSided();
+             var bSided = b.isSided();
+             return aSided && !bSided ? -1 : bSided && !aSided ? 1 : 0;
+           }); // Prefer to keep an existing way.
+           // if there are multiple existing ways, keep the oldest one
+           // the oldest way is determined by the ID of the way
 
-       var nativeEndsWith = ''.endsWith;
-       var min$8 = Math.min;
+           var survivorID = (ways.filter(function (way) {
+             return !way.isNew();
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return +a.osmId() - +b.osmId();
+           })[0] || ways[0]).id;
+           var sequences = osmJoinWays(ways, graph);
+           var joined = sequences[0]; // We might need to reverse some of these ways before joining them.  #4688
+           // `joined.actions` property will contain any actions we need to apply.
 
-       var CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC = correctIsRegexpLogic('endsWith');
-       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/pull/702
-       var MDN_POLYFILL_BUG =  !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC && !!function () {
-         var descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$4(String.prototype, 'endsWith');
-         return descriptor && !descriptor.writable;
-       }();
+           graph = sequences.actions.reduce(function (g, action) {
+             return action(g);
+           }, graph);
+           var survivor = graph.entity(survivorID);
+           survivor = survivor.update({
+             nodes: joined.nodes.map(function (n) {
+               return n.id;
+             })
+           });
+           graph = graph.replace(survivor);
+           joined.forEach(function (way) {
+             if (way.id === survivorID) return;
+             graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (parent) {
+               graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(way, survivor));
+             });
+             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(way.tags);
+             graph = graph.replace(survivor);
+             graph = actionDeleteWay(way.id)(graph);
+           }); // Finds if the join created a single-member multipolygon,
+           // and if so turns it into a basic area instead
 
-       // `String.prototype.endsWith` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.endswith
-       _export({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: !MDN_POLYFILL_BUG && !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC }, {
-         endsWith: function endsWith(searchString /* , endPosition = @length */) {
-           var that = String(requireObjectCoercible(this));
-           notARegexp(searchString);
-           var endPosition = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
-           var len = toLength(that.length);
-           var end = endPosition === undefined ? len : min$8(toLength(endPosition), len);
-           var search = String(searchString);
-           return nativeEndsWith
-             ? nativeEndsWith.call(that, search, end)
-             : that.slice(end - search.length, end) === search;
-         }
-       });
+           function checkForSimpleMultipolygon() {
+             if (!survivor.isClosed()) return;
+             var multipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(survivor).filter(function (multipolygon) {
+               // find multipolygons where the survivor is the only member
+               return multipolygon.members.length === 1;
+             }); // skip if this is the single member of multiple multipolygons
 
-       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$5 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+             if (multipolygons.length !== 1) return;
+             var multipolygon = multipolygons[0];
 
+             for (var key in survivor.tags) {
+               if (multipolygon.tags[key] && // don't collapse if tags cannot be cleanly merged
+               multipolygon.tags[key] !== survivor.tags[key]) return;
+             }
 
+             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(multipolygon.tags);
+             graph = graph.replace(survivor);
+             graph = actionDeleteRelation(multipolygon.id, true
+             /* allow untagged members */
+             )(graph);
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, survivor.tags);
 
+             if (survivor.geometry(graph) !== 'area') {
+               // ensure the feature persists as an area
+               tags.area = 'yes';
+             }
 
+             delete tags.type; // remove type=multipolygon
 
+             survivor = survivor.update({
+               tags: tags
+             });
+             graph = graph.replace(survivor);
+           }
 
-       var nativeStartsWith = ''.startsWith;
-       var min$9 = Math.min;
+           checkForSimpleMultipolygon();
+           return graph;
+         }; // Returns the number of nodes the resultant way is expected to have
 
-       var CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC$1 = correctIsRegexpLogic('startsWith');
-       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/pull/702
-       var MDN_POLYFILL_BUG$1 =  !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC$1 && !!function () {
-         var descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$5(String.prototype, 'startsWith');
-         return descriptor && !descriptor.writable;
-       }();
 
-       // `String.prototype.startsWith` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.startswith
-       _export({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: !MDN_POLYFILL_BUG$1 && !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC$1 }, {
-         startsWith: function startsWith(searchString /* , position = 0 */) {
-           var that = String(requireObjectCoercible(this));
-           notARegexp(searchString);
-           var index = toLength(min$9(arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, that.length));
-           var search = String(searchString);
-           return nativeStartsWith
-             ? nativeStartsWith.call(that, search, index)
-             : that.slice(index, index + search.length) === search;
-         }
-       });
+         action.resultingWayNodesLength = function (graph) {
+           return ids.reduce(function (count, id) {
+             return count + graph.entity(id).nodes.length;
+           }, 0) - ids.length - 1;
+         };
 
-       var $trimEnd = stringTrim.end;
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
 
+           if (ids.length < 2 || ids.length !== geometries.line.length) {
+             return 'not_eligible';
+           }
 
-       var FORCED$e = stringTrimForced('trimEnd');
+           var joined = osmJoinWays(ids.map(graph.entity, graph), graph);
 
-       var trimEnd = FORCED$e ? function trimEnd() {
-         return $trimEnd(this);
-       } : ''.trimEnd;
+           if (joined.length > 1) {
+             return 'not_adjacent';
+           }
 
-       // `String.prototype.{ trimEnd, trimRight }` methods
-       // https://github.com/tc39/ecmascript-string-left-right-trim
-       _export({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: FORCED$e }, {
-         trimEnd: trimEnd,
-         trimRight: trimEnd
-       });
+           var i; // All joined ways must belong to the same set of (non-restriction) relations.
+           // Restriction relations have different logic, below, which allows some cases
+           // this prohibits, and prohibits some cases this allows.
 
-       var defaults = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-         function getDefaults() {
-           return {
-             baseUrl: null,
-             breaks: false,
-             gfm: true,
-             headerIds: true,
-             headerPrefix: '',
-             highlight: null,
-             langPrefix: 'language-',
-             mangle: true,
-             pedantic: false,
-             renderer: null,
-             sanitize: false,
-             sanitizer: null,
-             silent: false,
-             smartLists: false,
-             smartypants: false,
-             tokenizer: null,
-             walkTokens: null,
-             xhtml: false
+           var sortedParentRelations = function sortedParentRelations(id) {
+             return graph.parentRelations(graph.entity(id)).filter(function (rel) {
+               return !rel.isRestriction() && !rel.isConnectivity();
+             }).sort(function (a, b) {
+               return a.id - b.id;
+             });
            };
-         }
 
-         function changeDefaults(newDefaults) {
-           module.exports.defaults = newDefaults;
-         }
-
-         module.exports = {
-           defaults: getDefaults(),
-           getDefaults: getDefaults,
-           changeDefaults: changeDefaults
-         };
-       });
-
-       /**
-        * Helpers
-        */
-       var escapeTest = /[&<>"']/;
-       var escapeReplace = /[&<>"']/g;
-       var escapeTestNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/;
-       var escapeReplaceNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/g;
-       var escapeReplacements = {
-         '&': '&amp;',
-         '<': '&lt;',
-         '>': '&gt;',
-         '"': '&quot;',
-         "'": '&#39;'
-       };
+           var relsA = sortedParentRelations(ids[0]);
 
-       var getEscapeReplacement = function getEscapeReplacement(ch) {
-         return escapeReplacements[ch];
-       };
+           for (i = 1; i < ids.length; i++) {
+             var relsB = sortedParentRelations(ids[i]);
 
-       function escape$1(html, encode) {
-         if (encode) {
-           if (escapeTest.test(html)) {
-             return html.replace(escapeReplace, getEscapeReplacement);
-           }
-         } else {
-           if (escapeTestNoEncode.test(html)) {
-             return html.replace(escapeReplaceNoEncode, getEscapeReplacement);
-           }
-         }
+             if (!utilArrayIdentical(relsA, relsB)) {
+               return 'conflicting_relations';
+             }
+           } // Loop through all combinations of path-pairs
+           // to check potential intersections between all pairs
 
-         return html;
-       }
 
-       var unescapeTest = /&(#(?:\d+)|(?:#x[0-9A-Fa-f]+)|(?:\w+));?/ig;
+           for (i = 0; i < ids.length - 1; i++) {
+             for (var j = i + 1; j < ids.length; j++) {
+               var path1 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[i])).map(function (e) {
+                 return e.loc;
+               });
+               var path2 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[j])).map(function (e) {
+                 return e.loc;
+               });
+               var intersections = geoPathIntersections(path1, path2); // Check if intersections are just nodes lying on top of
+               // each other/the line, as opposed to crossing it
 
-       function unescape$1(html) {
-         // explicitly match decimal, hex, and named HTML entities
-         return html.replace(unescapeTest, function (_, n) {
-           n = n.toLowerCase();
-           if (n === 'colon') return ':';
+               var common = utilArrayIntersection(joined[0].nodes.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.loc.toString();
+               }), intersections.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.toString();
+               }));
 
-           if (n.charAt(0) === '#') {
-             return n.charAt(1) === 'x' ? String.fromCharCode(parseInt(n.substring(2), 16)) : String.fromCharCode(+n.substring(1));
+               if (common.length !== intersections.length) {
+                 return 'paths_intersect';
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           return '';
-         });
-       }
+           var nodeIds = joined[0].nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return n.id;
+           }).slice(1, -1);
+           var relation;
+           var tags = {};
+           var conflicting = false;
+           joined[0].forEach(function (way) {
+             var parents = graph.parentRelations(way);
+             parents.forEach(function (parent) {
+               if ((parent.isRestriction() || parent.isConnectivity()) && parent.members.some(function (m) {
+                 return nodeIds.indexOf(m.id) >= 0;
+               })) {
+                 relation = parent;
+               }
+             });
 
-       var caret = /(^|[^\[])\^/g;
+             for (var k in way.tags) {
+               if (!(k in tags)) {
+                 tags[k] = way.tags[k];
+               } else if (tags[k] && osmIsInterestingTag(k) && tags[k] !== way.tags[k]) {
+                 conflicting = true;
+               }
+             }
+           });
 
-       function edit(regex, opt) {
-         regex = regex.source || regex;
-         opt = opt || '';
-         var obj = {
-           replace: function replace(name, val) {
-             val = val.source || val;
-             val = val.replace(caret, '$1');
-             regex = regex.replace(name, val);
-             return obj;
-           },
-           getRegex: function getRegex() {
-             return new RegExp(regex, opt);
+           if (relation) {
+             return relation.isRestriction() ? 'restriction' : 'connectivity';
+           }
+
+           if (conflicting) {
+             return 'conflicting_tags';
            }
          };
-         return obj;
+
+         return action;
        }
 
-       var nonWordAndColonTest = /[^\w:]/g;
-       var originIndependentUrl = /^$|^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:|^[?#]/i;
+       function actionMerge(ids) {
+         function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
+           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           return Object.assign({
+             point: [],
+             area: [],
+             line: [],
+             relation: []
+           }, utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function (entity) {
+             return entity.geometry(graph);
+           }));
+         }
 
-       function cleanUrl(sanitize, base, href) {
-         if (sanitize) {
-           var prot;
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
+           var target = geometries.area[0] || geometries.line[0];
+           var points = geometries.point;
+           points.forEach(function (point) {
+             target = target.mergeTags(point.tags);
+             graph = graph.replace(target);
+             graph.parentRelations(point).forEach(function (parent) {
+               graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(point, target));
+             });
+             var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(target));
+             var removeNode = point;
 
-           try {
-             prot = decodeURIComponent(unescape$1(href)).replace(nonWordAndColonTest, '').toLowerCase();
-           } catch (e) {
-             return null;
-           }
+             for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+               var node = nodes[i];
 
-           if (prot.indexOf('javascript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('vbscript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('data:') === 0) {
-             return null;
-           }
-         }
+               if (graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 || graph.parentRelations(node).length || node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+                 continue;
+               } // Found an uninteresting child node on the target way.
+               // Move orig point into its place to preserve point's history. #3683
 
-         if (base && !originIndependentUrl.test(href)) {
-           href = resolveUrl(base, href);
-         }
 
-         try {
-           href = encodeURI(href).replace(/%25/g, '%');
-         } catch (e) {
-           return null;
-         }
+               graph = graph.replace(point.update({
+                 tags: {},
+                 loc: node.loc
+               }));
+               target = target.replaceNode(node.id, point.id);
+               graph = graph.replace(target);
+               removeNode = node;
+               break;
+             }
 
-         return href;
-       }
+             graph = graph.remove(removeNode);
+           });
 
-       var baseUrls = {};
-       var justDomain = /^[^:]+:\/*[^/]*$/;
-       var protocol = /^([^:]+:)[\s\S]*$/;
-       var domain = /^([^:]+:\/*[^/]*)[\s\S]*$/;
+           if (target.tags.area === 'yes') {
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, target.tags); // shallow copy
 
-       function resolveUrl(base, href) {
-         if (!baseUrls[' ' + base]) {
-           // we can ignore everything in base after the last slash of its path component,
-           // but we might need to add _that_
-           // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3
-           if (justDomain.test(base)) {
-             baseUrls[' ' + base] = base + '/';
-           } else {
-             baseUrls[' ' + base] = rtrim$1(base, '/', true);
+             delete tags.area;
+
+             if (osmTagSuggestingArea(tags)) {
+               // remove the `area` tag if area geometry is now implied - #3851
+               target = target.update({
+                 tags: tags
+               });
+               graph = graph.replace(target);
+             }
            }
-         }
 
-         base = baseUrls[' ' + base];
-         var relativeBase = base.indexOf(':') === -1;
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-         if (href.substring(0, 2) === '//') {
-           if (relativeBase) {
-             return href;
-           }
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
 
-           return base.replace(protocol, '$1') + href;
-         } else if (href.charAt(0) === '/') {
-           if (relativeBase) {
-             return href;
+           if (geometries.point.length === 0 || geometries.area.length + geometries.line.length !== 1 || geometries.relation.length !== 0) {
+             return 'not_eligible';
            }
+         };
 
-           return base.replace(domain, '$1') + href;
-         } else {
-           return base + href;
-         }
+         return action;
        }
 
-       var noopTest = {
-         exec: function noopTest() {}
-       };
+       //
+       // 1. move all the nodes to a common location
+       // 2. `actionConnect` them
 
-       function merge$1(obj) {
-         var i = 1,
-             target,
-             key;
+       function actionMergeNodes(nodeIDs, loc) {
+         // If there is a single "interesting" node, use that as the location.
+         // Otherwise return the average location of all the nodes.
+         function chooseLoc(graph) {
+           if (!nodeIDs.length) return null;
+           var sum = [0, 0];
+           var interestingCount = 0;
+           var interestingLoc;
 
-         for (; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-           target = arguments[i];
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
 
-           for (key in target) {
-             if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(target, key)) {
-               obj[key] = target[key];
+             if (node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               interestingLoc = ++interestingCount === 1 ? node.loc : null;
              }
+
+             sum = geoVecAdd(sum, node.loc);
            }
-         }
 
-         return obj;
-       }
+           return interestingLoc || geoVecScale(sum, 1 / nodeIDs.length);
+         }
 
-       function splitCells(tableRow, count) {
-         // ensure that every cell-delimiting pipe has a space
-         // before it to distinguish it from an escaped pipe
-         var row = tableRow.replace(/\|/g, function (match, offset, str) {
-           var escaped = false,
-               curr = offset;
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           if (nodeIDs.length < 2) return graph;
+           var toLoc = loc;
 
-           while (--curr >= 0 && str[curr] === '\\') {
-             escaped = !escaped;
+           if (!toLoc) {
+             toLoc = chooseLoc(graph);
            }
 
-           if (escaped) {
-             // odd number of slashes means | is escaped
-             // so we leave it alone
-             return '|';
-           } else {
-             // add space before unescaped |
-             return ' |';
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+
+             if (node.loc !== toLoc) {
+               graph = graph.replace(node.move(toLoc));
+             }
            }
-         }),
-             cells = row.split(/ \|/);
-         var i = 0;
 
-         if (cells.length > count) {
-           cells.splice(count);
-         } else {
-           while (cells.length < count) {
-             cells.push('');
+           return actionConnect(nodeIDs)(graph);
+         };
+
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           if (nodeIDs.length < 2) return 'not_eligible';
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             if (entity.type !== 'node') return 'not_eligible';
            }
-         }
 
-         for (; i < cells.length; i++) {
-           // leading or trailing whitespace is ignored per the gfm spec
-           cells[i] = cells[i].trim().replace(/\\\|/g, '|');
+           return actionConnect(nodeIDs).disabled(graph);
+         };
+
+         return action;
+       }
+
+       function osmChangeset() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmChangeset)) {
+           return new osmChangeset().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
          }
+       }
+       osmEntity.changeset = osmChangeset;
+       osmChangeset.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+       Object.assign(osmChangeset.prototype, {
+         type: 'changeset',
+         extent: function extent() {
+           return new geoExtent();
+         },
+         geometry: function geometry() {
+           return 'changeset';
+         },
+         asJXON: function asJXON() {
+           return {
+             osm: {
+               changeset: {
+                 tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
+                   return {
+                     '@k': k,
+                     '@v': this.tags[k]
+                   };
+                 }, this),
+                 '@version': 0.6,
+                 '@generator': 'iD'
+               }
+             }
+           };
+         },
+         // Generate [osmChange](http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/OsmChange)
+         // XML. Returns a string.
+         osmChangeJXON: function osmChangeJXON(changes) {
+           var changeset_id = this.id;
 
-         return cells;
-       } // Remove trailing 'c's. Equivalent to str.replace(/c*$/, '').
-       // /c*$/ is vulnerable to REDOS.
-       // invert: Remove suffix of non-c chars instead. Default falsey.
+           function nest(x, order) {
+             var groups = {};
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
+               var tagName = Object.keys(x[i])[0];
+               if (!groups[tagName]) groups[tagName] = [];
+               groups[tagName].push(x[i][tagName]);
+             }
+
+             var ordered = {};
+             order.forEach(function (o) {
+               if (groups[o]) ordered[o] = groups[o];
+             });
+             return ordered;
+           } // sort relations in a changeset by dependencies
 
 
-       function rtrim$1(str, c, invert) {
-         var l = str.length;
+           function sort(changes) {
+             // find a referenced relation in the current changeset
+             function resolve(item) {
+               return relations.find(function (relation) {
+                 return item.keyAttributes.type === 'relation' && item.keyAttributes.ref === relation['@id'];
+               });
+             } // a new item is an item that has not been already processed
 
-         if (l === 0) {
-           return '';
-         } // Length of suffix matching the invert condition.
 
+             function isNew(item) {
+               return !sorted[item['@id']] && !processing.find(function (proc) {
+                 return proc['@id'] === item['@id'];
+               });
+             }
 
-         var suffLen = 0; // Step left until we fail to match the invert condition.
+             var processing = [];
+             var sorted = {};
+             var relations = changes.relation;
+             if (!relations) return changes;
 
-         while (suffLen < l) {
-           var currChar = str.charAt(l - suffLen - 1);
+             for (var i = 0; i < relations.length; i++) {
+               var relation = relations[i]; // skip relation if already sorted
 
-           if (currChar === c && !invert) {
-             suffLen++;
-           } else if (currChar !== c && invert) {
-             suffLen++;
-           } else {
-             break;
-           }
-         }
+               if (!sorted[relation['@id']]) {
+                 processing.push(relation);
+               }
 
-         return str.substr(0, l - suffLen);
-       }
+               while (processing.length > 0) {
+                 var next = processing[0],
+                     deps = next.member.map(resolve).filter(Boolean).filter(isNew);
 
-       function findClosingBracket(str, b) {
-         if (str.indexOf(b[1]) === -1) {
-           return -1;
-         }
+                 if (deps.length === 0) {
+                   sorted[next['@id']] = next;
+                   processing.shift();
+                 } else {
+                   processing = deps.concat(processing);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-         var l = str.length;
-         var level = 0,
-             i = 0;
+             changes.relation = Object.values(sorted);
+             return changes;
+           }
 
-         for (; i < l; i++) {
-           if (str[i] === '\\') {
-             i++;
-           } else if (str[i] === b[0]) {
-             level++;
-           } else if (str[i] === b[1]) {
-             level--;
+           function rep(entity) {
+             return entity.asJXON(changeset_id);
+           }
 
-             if (level < 0) {
-               return i;
+           return {
+             osmChange: {
+               '@version': 0.6,
+               '@generator': 'iD',
+               'create': sort(nest(changes.created.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation'])),
+               'modify': nest(changes.modified.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation']),
+               'delete': Object.assign(nest(changes.deleted.map(rep), ['relation', 'way', 'node']), {
+                 '@if-unused': true
+               })
              }
-           }
+           };
+         },
+         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON() {
+           return {};
          }
+       });
 
-         return -1;
-       }
-
-       function checkSanitizeDeprecation(opt) {
-         if (opt && opt.sanitize && !opt.silent) {
-           console.warn('marked(): sanitize and sanitizer parameters are deprecated since version 0.7.0, should not be used and will be removed in the future. Read more here: https://marked.js.org/#/USING_ADVANCED.md#options');
+       function osmNote() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmNote)) {
+           return new osmNote().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
          }
-       } // copied from https://stackoverflow.com/a/5450113/806777
+       }
 
+       osmNote.id = function () {
+         return osmNote.id.next--;
+       };
 
-       function repeatString(pattern, count) {
-         if (count < 1) {
-           return '';
-         }
+       osmNote.id.next = -1;
+       Object.assign(osmNote.prototype, {
+         type: 'note',
+         initialize: function initialize(sources) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
+             var source = sources[i];
 
-         var result = '';
+             for (var prop in source) {
+               if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
+                 if (source[prop] === undefined) {
+                   delete this[prop];
+                 } else {
+                   this[prop] = source[prop];
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-         while (count > 1) {
-           if (count & 1) {
-             result += pattern;
+           if (!this.id) {
+             this.id = osmNote.id().toString();
            }
 
-           count >>= 1;
-           pattern += pattern;
+           return this;
+         },
+         extent: function extent() {
+           return new geoExtent(this.loc);
+         },
+         update: function update(attrs) {
+           return osmNote(this, attrs); // {v: 1 + (this.v || 0)}
+         },
+         isNew: function isNew() {
+           return this.id < 0;
+         },
+         move: function move(loc) {
+           return this.update({
+             loc: loc
+           });
          }
+       });
 
-         return result + pattern;
+       function osmRelation() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmRelation)) {
+           return new osmRelation().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
+         }
        }
+       osmEntity.relation = osmRelation;
+       osmRelation.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
 
-       var helpers = {
-         escape: escape$1,
-         unescape: unescape$1,
-         edit: edit,
-         cleanUrl: cleanUrl,
-         resolveUrl: resolveUrl,
-         noopTest: noopTest,
-         merge: merge$1,
-         splitCells: splitCells,
-         rtrim: rtrim$1,
-         findClosingBracket: findClosingBracket,
-         checkSanitizeDeprecation: checkSanitizeDeprecation,
-         repeatString: repeatString
+       osmRelation.creationOrder = function (a, b) {
+         var aId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(a.id), 10);
+         var bId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(b.id), 10);
+         if (aId < 0 || bId < 0) return aId - bId;
+         return bId - aId;
        };
 
-       var defaults$1 = defaults.defaults;
-       var rtrim$2 = helpers.rtrim,
-           splitCells$1 = helpers.splitCells,
-           _escape = helpers.escape,
-           findClosingBracket$1 = helpers.findClosingBracket;
-
-       function outputLink(cap, link, raw) {
-         var href = link.href;
-         var title = link.title ? _escape(link.title) : null;
-         var text = cap[1].replace(/\\([\[\]])/g, '$1');
-
-         if (cap[0].charAt(0) !== '!') {
-           return {
-             type: 'link',
-             raw: raw,
-             href: href,
-             title: title,
-             text: text
-           };
-         } else {
-           return {
-             type: 'image',
-             raw: raw,
-             href: href,
-             title: title,
-             text: _escape(text)
-           };
-         }
-       }
+       Object.assign(osmRelation.prototype, {
+         type: 'relation',
+         members: [],
+         copy: function copy(resolver, copies) {
+           if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
+           var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);
+           var members = this.members.map(function (member) {
+             return Object.assign({}, member, {
+               id: resolver.entity(member.id).copy(resolver, copies).id
+             });
+           });
+           copy = copy.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+           copies[this.id] = copy;
+           return copy;
+         },
+         extent: function extent(resolver, memo) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'extent', function () {
+             if (memo && memo[this.id]) return geoExtent();
+             memo = memo || {};
+             memo[this.id] = true;
+             var extent = geoExtent();
 
-       function indentCodeCompensation(raw, text) {
-         var matchIndentToCode = raw.match(/^(\s+)(?:```)/);
+             for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+               var member = resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id);
 
-         if (matchIndentToCode === null) {
-           return text;
-         }
+               if (member) {
+                 extent._extend(member.extent(resolver, memo));
+               }
+             }
 
-         var indentToCode = matchIndentToCode[1];
-         return text.split('\n').map(function (node) {
-           var matchIndentInNode = node.match(/^\s+/);
+             return extent;
+           });
+         },
+         geometry: function geometry(graph) {
+           return graph["transient"](this, 'geometry', function () {
+             return this.isMultipolygon() ? 'area' : 'relation';
+           });
+         },
+         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
+           return this.members.length === 0;
+         },
+         // Return an array of members, each extended with an 'index' property whose value
+         // is the member index.
+         indexedMembers: function indexedMembers() {
+           var result = new Array(this.members.length);
 
-           if (matchIndentInNode === null) {
-             return node;
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             result[i] = Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+               index: i
+             });
            }
 
-           var _matchIndentInNode = _slicedToArray(matchIndentInNode, 1),
-               indentInNode = _matchIndentInNode[0];
-
-           if (indentInNode.length >= indentToCode.length) {
-             return node.slice(indentToCode.length);
+           return result;
+         },
+         // Return the first member with the given role. A copy of the member object
+         // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
+         memberByRole: function memberByRole(role) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (this.members[i].role === role) {
+               return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+                 index: i
+               });
+             }
            }
+         },
+         // Same as memberByRole, but returns all members with the given role
+         membersByRole: function membersByRole(role) {
+           var result = [];
 
-           return node;
-         }).join('\n');
-       }
-       /**
-        * Tokenizer
-        */
-
-
-       var Tokenizer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function Tokenizer(options) {
-           _classCallCheck(this, Tokenizer);
-
-           this.options = options || defaults$1;
-         }
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (this.members[i].role === role) {
+               result.push(Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+                 index: i
+               }));
+             }
+           }
 
-         _createClass(Tokenizer, [{
-           key: "space",
-           value: function space(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.newline.exec(src);
+           return result;
+         },
+         // Return the first member with the given id. A copy of the member object
+         // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
+         memberById: function memberById(id) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (this.members[i].id === id) {
+               return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+                 index: i
+               });
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         // Return the first member with the given id and role. A copy of the member object
+         // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
+         memberByIdAndRole: function memberByIdAndRole(id, role) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (this.members[i].id === id && this.members[i].role === role) {
+               return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+                 index: i
+               });
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         addMember: function addMember(member, index) {
+           var members = this.members.slice();
+           members.splice(index === undefined ? members.length : index, 0, member);
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         updateMember: function updateMember(member, index) {
+           var members = this.members.slice();
+           members.splice(index, 1, Object.assign({}, members[index], member));
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         removeMember: function removeMember(index) {
+           var members = this.members.slice();
+           members.splice(index, 1);
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         removeMembersWithID: function removeMembersWithID(id) {
+           var members = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return m.id !== id;
+           });
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         moveMember: function moveMember(fromIndex, toIndex) {
+           var members = this.members.slice();
+           members.splice(toIndex, 0, members.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         // Wherever a member appears with id `needle.id`, replace it with a member
+         // with id `replacement.id`, type `replacement.type`, and the original role,
+         // By default, adding a duplicate member (by id and role) is prevented.
+         // Return an updated relation.
+         replaceMember: function replaceMember(needle, replacement, keepDuplicates) {
+           if (!this.memberById(needle.id)) return this;
+           var members = [];
 
-             if (cap) {
-               if (cap[0].length > 1) {
-                 return {
-                   type: 'space',
-                   raw: cap[0]
-                 };
-               }
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             var member = this.members[i];
 
-               return {
-                 raw: '\n'
-               };
+             if (member.id !== needle.id) {
+               members.push(member);
+             } else if (keepDuplicates || !this.memberByIdAndRole(replacement.id, member.role)) {
+               members.push({
+                 id: replacement.id,
+                 type: replacement.type,
+                 role: member.role
+               });
              }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "code",
-           value: function code(src, tokens) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.code.exec(src);
-
-             if (cap) {
-               var lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1]; // An indented code block cannot interrupt a paragraph.
 
-               if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'paragraph') {
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         asJXON: function asJXON(changeset_id) {
+           var r = {
+             relation: {
+               '@id': this.osmId(),
+               '@version': this.version || 0,
+               member: this.members.map(function (member) {
                  return {
-                   raw: cap[0],
-                   text: cap[0].trimRight()
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     type: member.type,
+                     role: member.role,
+                     ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(member.id)
+                   }
                  };
-               }
-
-               var text = cap[0].replace(/^ {4}/gm, '');
-               return {
-                 type: 'code',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 codeBlockStyle: 'indented',
-                 text: !this.options.pedantic ? rtrim$2(text, '\n') : text
-               };
+               }, this),
+               tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
+                 return {
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     k: k,
+                     v: this.tags[k]
+                   }
+                 };
+               }, this)
              }
+           };
+
+           if (changeset_id) {
+             r.relation['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "fences",
-           value: function fences(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.fences.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               var raw = cap[0];
-               var text = indentCodeCompensation(raw, cap[3] || '');
+           return r;
+         },
+         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'GeoJSON', function () {
+             if (this.isMultipolygon()) {
                return {
-                 type: 'code',
-                 raw: raw,
-                 lang: cap[2] ? cap[2].trim() : cap[2],
-                 text: text
+                 type: 'MultiPolygon',
+                 coordinates: this.multipolygon(resolver)
+               };
+             } else {
+               return {
+                 type: 'FeatureCollection',
+                 properties: this.tags,
+                 features: this.members.map(function (member) {
+                   return Object.assign({
+                     role: member.role
+                   }, resolver.entity(member.id).asGeoJSON(resolver));
+                 })
                };
              }
+           });
+         },
+         area: function area(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'area', function () {
+             return d3_geoArea(this.asGeoJSON(resolver));
+           });
+         },
+         isMultipolygon: function isMultipolygon() {
+           return this.tags.type === 'multipolygon';
+         },
+         isComplete: function isComplete(resolver) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (!resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id)) {
+               return false;
+             }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "heading",
-           value: function heading(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.heading.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'heading',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 depth: cap[1].length,
-                 text: cap[2]
-               };
+           return true;
+         },
+         hasFromViaTo: function hasFromViaTo() {
+           return this.members.some(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'from';
+           }) && this.members.some(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'via';
+           }) && this.members.some(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'to';
+           });
+         },
+         isRestriction: function isRestriction() {
+           return !!(this.tags.type && this.tags.type.match(/^restriction:?/));
+         },
+         isValidRestriction: function isValidRestriction() {
+           if (!this.isRestriction()) return false;
+           var froms = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'from';
+           });
+           var vias = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'via';
+           });
+           var tos = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'to';
+           });
+           if (froms.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_entry') return false;
+           if (froms.some(function (m) {
+             return m.type !== 'way';
+           })) return false;
+           if (tos.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_exit') return false;
+           if (tos.some(function (m) {
+             return m.type !== 'way';
+           })) return false;
+           if (vias.length === 0) return false;
+           if (vias.length > 1 && vias.some(function (m) {
+             return m.type !== 'way';
+           })) return false;
+           return true;
+         },
+         isConnectivity: function isConnectivity() {
+           return !!(this.tags.type && this.tags.type.match(/^connectivity:?/));
+         },
+         // Returns an array [A0, ... An], each Ai being an array of node arrays [Nds0, ... Ndsm],
+         // where Nds0 is an outer ring and subsequent Ndsi's (if any i > 0) being inner rings.
+         //
+         // This corresponds to the structure needed for rendering a multipolygon path using a
+         // `evenodd` fill rule, as well as the structure of a GeoJSON MultiPolygon geometry.
+         //
+         // In the case of invalid geometries, this function will still return a result which
+         // includes the nodes of all way members, but some Nds may be unclosed and some inner
+         // rings not matched with the intended outer ring.
+         //
+         multipolygon: function multipolygon(resolver) {
+           var outers = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return 'outer' === (m.role || 'outer');
+           });
+           var inners = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return 'inner' === m.role;
+           });
+           outers = osmJoinWays(outers, resolver);
+           inners = osmJoinWays(inners, resolver);
+
+           var sequenceToLineString = function sequenceToLineString(sequence) {
+             if (sequence.nodes.length > 2 && sequence.nodes[0] !== sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1]) {
+               // close unclosed parts to ensure correct area rendering - #2945
+               sequence.nodes.push(sequence.nodes[0]);
              }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "nptable",
-           value: function nptable(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.nptable.exec(src);
-
-             if (cap) {
-               var item = {
-                 type: 'table',
-                 header: splitCells$1(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
-                 align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
-                 cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : [],
-                 raw: cap[0]
-               };
 
-               if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
-                 var l = item.align.length;
-                 var i;
+             return sequence.nodes.map(function (node) {
+               return node.loc;
+             });
+           };
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                   if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                     item.align[i] = 'right';
-                   } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                     item.align[i] = 'center';
-                   } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                     item.align[i] = 'left';
-                   } else {
-                     item.align[i] = null;
-                   }
-                 }
+           outers = outers.map(sequenceToLineString);
+           inners = inners.map(sequenceToLineString);
+           var result = outers.map(function (o) {
+             // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
+             // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
+             return [d3_geoArea({
+               type: 'Polygon',
+               coordinates: [o]
+             }) > 2 * Math.PI ? o.reverse() : o];
+           });
 
-                 l = item.cells.length;
+           function findOuter(inner) {
+             var o, outer;
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                   item.cells[i] = splitCells$1(item.cells[i], item.header.length);
-                 }
+             for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
+               outer = outers[o];
 
-                 return item;
+               if (geoPolygonContainsPolygon(outer, inner)) {
+                 return o;
                }
              }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "hr",
-           value: function hr(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.hr.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'hr',
-                 raw: cap[0]
-               };
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "blockquote",
-           value: function blockquote(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.blockquote.exec(src);
+             for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
+               outer = outers[o];
 
-             if (cap) {
-               var text = cap[0].replace(/^ *> ?/gm, '');
-               return {
-                 type: 'blockquote',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 text: text
-               };
+               if (geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(outer, inner, false)) {
+                 return o;
+               }
              }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "list",
-           value: function list(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.list.exec(src);
-
-             if (cap) {
-               var raw = cap[0];
-               var bull = cap[2];
-               var isordered = bull.length > 1;
-               var isparen = bull[bull.length - 1] === ')';
-               var list = {
-                 type: 'list',
-                 raw: raw,
-                 ordered: isordered,
-                 start: isordered ? +bull.slice(0, -1) : '',
-                 loose: false,
-                 items: []
-               }; // Get each top-level item.
 
-               var itemMatch = cap[0].match(this.rules.block.item);
-               var next = false,
-                   item,
-                   space,
-                   b,
-                   addBack,
-                   loose,
-                   istask,
-                   ischecked;
-               var l = itemMatch.length;
+           for (var i = 0; i < inners.length; i++) {
+             var inner = inners[i];
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                 item = itemMatch[i];
-                 raw = item; // Remove the list item's bullet
-                 // so it is seen as the next token.
+             if (d3_geoArea({
+               type: 'Polygon',
+               coordinates: [inner]
+             }) < 2 * Math.PI) {
+               inner = inner.reverse();
+             }
 
-                 space = item.length;
-                 item = item.replace(/^ *([*+-]|\d+[.)]) ?/, ''); // Outdent whatever the
-                 // list item contains. Hacky.
+             var o = findOuter(inners[i]);
 
-                 if (~item.indexOf('\n ')) {
-                   space -= item.length;
-                   item = !this.options.pedantic ? item.replace(new RegExp('^ {1,' + space + '}', 'gm'), '') : item.replace(/^ {1,4}/gm, '');
-                 } // Determine whether the next list item belongs here.
-                 // Backpedal if it does not belong in this list.
+             if (o !== undefined) {
+               result[o].push(inners[i]);
+             } else {
+               result.push([inners[i]]); // Invalid geometry
+             }
+           }
 
+           return result;
+         }
+       });
 
-                 if (i !== l - 1) {
-                   b = this.rules.block.bullet.exec(itemMatch[i + 1])[0];
+       var QAItem = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function QAItem(loc, service, itemType, id, props) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, QAItem);
 
-                   if (isordered ? b.length === 1 || !isparen && b[b.length - 1] === ')' : b.length > 1 || this.options.smartLists && b !== bull) {
-                     addBack = itemMatch.slice(i + 1).join('\n');
-                     list.raw = list.raw.substring(0, list.raw.length - addBack.length);
-                     i = l - 1;
-                   }
-                 } // Determine whether item is loose or not.
-                 // Use: /(^|\n)(?! )[^\n]+\n\n(?!\s*$)/
-                 // for discount behavior.
+           // Store required properties
+           this.loc = loc;
+           this.service = service.title;
+           this.itemType = itemType; // All issues must have an ID for selection, use generic if none specified
 
+           this.id = id ? id : "".concat(QAItem.id());
+           this.update(props); // Some QA services have marker icons to differentiate issues
 
-                 loose = next || /\n\n(?!\s*$)/.test(item);
+           if (service && typeof service.getIcon === 'function') {
+             this.icon = service.getIcon(itemType);
+           }
+         }
 
-                 if (i !== l - 1) {
-                   next = item.charAt(item.length - 1) === '\n';
-                   if (!loose) loose = next;
-                 }
+         _createClass$1(QAItem, [{
+           key: "update",
+           value: function update(props) {
+             var _this = this;
 
-                 if (loose) {
-                   list.loose = true;
-                 } // Check for task list items
+             // You can't override this initial information
+             var loc = this.loc,
+                 service = this.service,
+                 itemType = this.itemType,
+                 id = this.id;
+             Object.keys(props).forEach(function (prop) {
+               return _this[prop] = props[prop];
+             });
+             this.loc = loc;
+             this.service = service;
+             this.itemType = itemType;
+             this.id = id;
+             return this;
+           } // Generic handling for newly created QAItems
 
+         }], [{
+           key: "id",
+           value: function id() {
+             return this.nextId--;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-                 istask = /^\[[ xX]\] /.test(item);
-                 ischecked = undefined;
+         return QAItem;
+       }();
+       QAItem.nextId = -1;
 
-                 if (istask) {
-                   ischecked = item[1] !== ' ';
-                   item = item.replace(/^\[[ xX]\] +/, '');
-                 }
+       //
+       // Optionally, split only the given ways, if multiple ways share
+       // the given node.
+       //
+       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionJoin`.
+       //
+       // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the new way.
+       // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
+       // be assigned a new ID.
+       //
+       // Reference:
+       //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/SplitWayAction.as
+       //
 
-                 list.items.push({
-                   type: 'list_item',
-                   raw: raw,
-                   task: istask,
-                   checked: ischecked,
-                   loose: loose,
-                   text: item
-                 });
-               }
+       function actionSplit(nodeIds, newWayIds) {
+         // accept single ID for backwards-compatiblity
+         if (typeof nodeIds === 'string') nodeIds = [nodeIds];
 
-               return list;
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "html",
-           value: function html(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.html.exec(src);
+         var _wayIDs; // the strategy for picking which way will have a new version and which way is newly created
 
-             if (cap) {
-               return {
-                 type: this.options.sanitize ? 'paragraph' : 'html',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 pre: !this.options.sanitizer && (cap[1] === 'pre' || cap[1] === 'script' || cap[1] === 'style'),
-                 text: this.options.sanitize ? this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : _escape(cap[0]) : cap[0]
-               };
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "def",
-           value: function def(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.def.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               if (cap[3]) cap[3] = cap[3].substring(1, cap[3].length - 1);
-               var tag = cap[1].toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
-               return {
-                 tag: tag,
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 href: cap[2],
-                 title: cap[3]
-               };
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "table",
-           value: function table(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.table.exec(src);
+         var _keepHistoryOn = 'longest'; // 'longest', 'first'
+         // The IDs of the ways actually created by running this action
 
-             if (cap) {
-               var item = {
-                 type: 'table',
-                 header: splitCells$1(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
-                 align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
-                 cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : []
-               };
+         var _createdWayIDs = [];
 
-               if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
-                 item.raw = cap[0];
-                 var l = item.align.length;
-                 var i;
+         function dist(graph, nA, nB) {
+           var locA = graph.entity(nA).loc;
+           var locB = graph.entity(nB).loc;
+           var epsilon = 1e-6;
+           return locA && locB ? geoSphericalDistance(locA, locB) : epsilon;
+         } // If the way is closed, we need to search for a partner node
+         // to split the way at.
+         //
+         // The following looks for a node that is both far away from
+         // the initial node in terms of way segment length and nearby
+         // in terms of beeline-distance. This assures that areas get
+         // split on the most "natural" points (independent of the number
+         // of nodes).
+         // For example: bone-shaped areas get split across their waist
+         // line, circles across the diameter.
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                   if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                     item.align[i] = 'right';
-                   } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                     item.align[i] = 'center';
-                   } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                     item.align[i] = 'left';
-                   } else {
-                     item.align[i] = null;
-                   }
-                 }
 
-                 l = item.cells.length;
+         function splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph) {
+           var lengths = new Array(nodes.length);
+           var length;
+           var i;
+           var best = 0;
+           var idxB;
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                   item.cells[i] = splitCells$1(item.cells[i].replace(/^ *\| *| *\| *$/g, ''), item.header.length);
-                 }
+           function wrap(index) {
+             return utilWrap(index, nodes.length);
+           } // calculate lengths
 
-                 return item;
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "lheading",
-           value: function lheading(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.lheading.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'heading',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 depth: cap[2].charAt(0) === '=' ? 1 : 2,
-                 text: cap[1]
-               };
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "paragraph",
-           value: function paragraph(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.paragraph.exec(src);
+           length = 0;
 
-             if (cap) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'paragraph',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 text: cap[1].charAt(cap[1].length - 1) === '\n' ? cap[1].slice(0, -1) : cap[1]
-               };
-             }
+           for (i = wrap(idxA + 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i + 1)) {
+             length += dist(graph, nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i - 1)]);
+             lengths[i] = length;
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "text",
-           value: function text(src, tokens) {
-             var cap = this.rules.block.text.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               var lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
+           length = 0;
 
-               if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'text') {
-                 return {
-                   raw: cap[0],
-                   text: cap[0]
-                 };
-               }
+           for (i = wrap(idxA - 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i - 1)) {
+             length += dist(graph, nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i + 1)]);
 
-               return {
-                 type: 'text',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 text: cap[0]
-               };
+             if (length < lengths[i]) {
+               lengths[i] = length;
              }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "escape",
-           value: function escape(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.inline.escape.exec(src);
+           } // determine best opposite node to split
 
-             if (cap) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'escape',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 text: _escape(cap[1])
-               };
+
+           for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+             var cost = lengths[i] / dist(graph, nodes[idxA], nodes[i]);
+
+             if (cost > best) {
+               idxB = i;
+               best = cost;
              }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "tag",
-           value: function tag(src, inLink, inRawBlock) {
-             var cap = this.rules.inline.tag.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               if (!inLink && /^<a /i.test(cap[0])) {
-                 inLink = true;
-               } else if (inLink && /^<\/a>/i.test(cap[0])) {
-                 inLink = false;
-               }
+           return idxB;
+         }
 
-               if (!inRawBlock && /^<(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
-                 inRawBlock = true;
-               } else if (inRawBlock && /^<\/(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
-                 inRawBlock = false;
-               }
+         function totalLengthBetweenNodes(graph, nodes) {
+           var totalLength = 0;
 
-               return {
-                 type: this.options.sanitize ? 'text' : 'html',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 inLink: inLink,
-                 inRawBlock: inRawBlock,
-                 text: this.options.sanitize ? this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : _escape(cap[0]) : cap[0]
-               };
-             }
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+             totalLength += dist(graph, nodes[i], nodes[i + 1]);
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "link",
-           value: function link(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.inline.link.exec(src);
-
-             if (cap) {
-               var lastParenIndex = findClosingBracket$1(cap[2], '()');
 
-               if (lastParenIndex > -1) {
-                 var start = cap[0].indexOf('!') === 0 ? 5 : 4;
-                 var linkLen = start + cap[1].length + lastParenIndex;
-                 cap[2] = cap[2].substring(0, lastParenIndex);
-                 cap[0] = cap[0].substring(0, linkLen).trim();
-                 cap[3] = '';
-               }
+           return totalLength;
+         }
 
-               var href = cap[2];
-               var title = '';
+         function split(graph, nodeId, wayA, newWayId) {
+           var wayB = osmWay({
+             id: newWayId,
+             tags: wayA.tags
+           }); // `wayB` is the NEW way
 
-               if (this.options.pedantic) {
-                 var link = /^([^'"]*[^\s])\s+(['"])(.*)\2/.exec(href);
+           var origNodes = wayA.nodes.slice();
+           var nodesA;
+           var nodesB;
+           var isArea = wayA.isArea();
+           var isOuter = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(wayA, graph);
 
-                 if (link) {
-                   href = link[1];
-                   title = link[3];
-                 } else {
-                   title = '';
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 title = cap[3] ? cap[3].slice(1, -1) : '';
-               }
+           if (wayA.isClosed()) {
+             var nodes = wayA.nodes.slice(0, -1);
+             var idxA = nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
+             var idxB = splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph);
 
-               href = href.trim().replace(/^<([\s\S]*)>$/, '$1');
-               var token = outputLink(cap, {
-                 href: href ? href.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : href,
-                 title: title ? title.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : title
-               }, cap[0]);
-               return token;
+             if (idxB < idxA) {
+               nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxB + 1));
+               nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB, idxA + 1);
+             } else {
+               nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA, idxB + 1);
+               nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxA + 1));
              }
+           } else {
+             var idx = wayA.nodes.indexOf(nodeId, 1);
+             nodesA = wayA.nodes.slice(0, idx + 1);
+             nodesB = wayA.nodes.slice(idx);
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "reflink",
-           value: function reflink(src, links) {
-             var cap;
 
-             if ((cap = this.rules.inline.reflink.exec(src)) || (cap = this.rules.inline.nolink.exec(src))) {
-               var link = (cap[2] || cap[1]).replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
-               link = links[link.toLowerCase()];
+           var lengthA = totalLengthBetweenNodes(graph, nodesA);
+           var lengthB = totalLengthBetweenNodes(graph, nodesB);
 
-               if (!link || !link.href) {
-                 var text = cap[0].charAt(0);
-                 return {
-                   type: 'text',
-                   raw: text,
-                   text: text
-                 };
-               }
+           if (_keepHistoryOn === 'longest' && lengthB > lengthA) {
+             // keep the history on the longer way, regardless of the node count
+             wayA = wayA.update({
+               nodes: nodesB
+             });
+             wayB = wayB.update({
+               nodes: nodesA
+             });
+             var temp = lengthA;
+             lengthA = lengthB;
+             lengthB = temp;
+           } else {
+             wayA = wayA.update({
+               nodes: nodesA
+             });
+             wayB = wayB.update({
+               nodes: nodesB
+             });
+           }
+
+           if (wayA.tags.step_count) {
+             // divide up the the step count proportionally between the two ways
+             var stepCount = parseFloat(wayA.tags.step_count);
 
-               var token = outputLink(cap, link, cap[0]);
-               return token;
+             if (stepCount && // ensure a number
+             isFinite(stepCount) && // ensure positive
+             stepCount > 0 && // ensure integer
+             Math.round(stepCount) === stepCount) {
+               var tagsA = Object.assign({}, wayA.tags);
+               var tagsB = Object.assign({}, wayB.tags);
+               var ratioA = lengthA / (lengthA + lengthB);
+               var countA = Math.round(stepCount * ratioA);
+               tagsA.step_count = countA.toString();
+               tagsB.step_count = (stepCount - countA).toString();
+               wayA = wayA.update({
+                 tags: tagsA
+               });
+               wayB = wayB.update({
+                 tags: tagsB
+               });
              }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "strong",
-           value: function strong(src, maskedSrc) {
-             var prevChar = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : '';
-             var match = this.rules.inline.strong.start.exec(src);
-
-             if (match && (!match[1] || match[1] && (prevChar === '' || this.rules.inline.punctuation.exec(prevChar)))) {
-               maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(-1 * src.length);
-               var endReg = match[0] === '**' ? this.rules.inline.strong.endAst : this.rules.inline.strong.endUnd;
-               endReg.lastIndex = 0;
-               var cap;
 
-               while ((match = endReg.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
-                 cap = this.rules.inline.strong.middle.exec(maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index + 3));
+           graph = graph.replace(wayA);
+           graph = graph.replace(wayB);
+           graph.parentRelations(wayA).forEach(function (relation) {
+             var member; // Turn restrictions - make sure:
+             // 1. Splitting a FROM/TO way - only `wayA` OR `wayB` remains in relation
+             //    (whichever one is connected to the VIA node/ways)
+             // 2. Splitting a VIA way - `wayB` remains in relation as a VIA way
 
-                 if (cap) {
-                   return {
-                     type: 'strong',
-                     raw: src.slice(0, cap[0].length),
-                     text: src.slice(2, cap[0].length - 2)
-                   };
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "em",
-           value: function em(src, maskedSrc) {
-             var prevChar = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : '';
-             var match = this.rules.inline.em.start.exec(src);
+             if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
+               var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
+               var v = relation.membersByRole('via');
+               var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
+               var i; // 1. split a FROM/TO
 
-             if (match && (!match[1] || match[1] && (prevChar === '' || this.rules.inline.punctuation.exec(prevChar)))) {
-               maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(-1 * src.length);
-               var endReg = match[0] === '*' ? this.rules.inline.em.endAst : this.rules.inline.em.endUnd;
-               endReg.lastIndex = 0;
-               var cap;
+               if (f.id === wayA.id || t.id === wayA.id) {
+                 var keepB = false;
 
-               while ((match = endReg.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
-                 cap = this.rules.inline.em.middle.exec(maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index + 2));
+                 if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {
+                   // check via node
+                   keepB = wayB.contains(v[0].id);
+                 } else {
+                   // check via way(s)
+                   for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
+                     if (v[i].type === 'way') {
+                       var wayVia = graph.hasEntity(v[i].id);
 
-                 if (cap) {
-                   return {
-                     type: 'em',
-                     raw: src.slice(0, cap[0].length),
-                     text: src.slice(1, cap[0].length - 1)
-                   };
+                       if (wayVia && utilArrayIntersection(wayB.nodes, wayVia.nodes).length) {
+                         keepB = true;
+                         break;
+                       }
+                     }
+                   }
                  }
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "codespan",
-           value: function codespan(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.inline.code.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               var text = cap[2].replace(/\n/g, ' ');
-               var hasNonSpaceChars = /[^ ]/.test(text);
-               var hasSpaceCharsOnBothEnds = text.startsWith(' ') && text.endsWith(' ');
+                 if (keepB) {
+                   relation = relation.replaceMember(wayA, wayB);
+                   graph = graph.replace(relation);
+                 } // 2. split a VIA
 
-               if (hasNonSpaceChars && hasSpaceCharsOnBothEnds) {
-                 text = text.substring(1, text.length - 1);
+               } else {
+                 for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
+                   if (v[i].type === 'way' && v[i].id === wayA.id) {
+                     member = {
+                       id: wayB.id,
+                       type: 'way',
+                       role: 'via'
+                     };
+                     graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, v[i].index + 1)(graph);
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
+               } // All other relations (Routes, Multipolygons, etc):
+               // 1. Both `wayA` and `wayB` remain in the relation
+               // 2. But must be inserted as a pair (see `actionAddMember` for details)
+
+             } else {
+               if (relation === isOuter) {
+                 graph = graph.replace(relation.mergeTags(wayA.tags));
+                 graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({
+                   tags: {}
+                 }));
+                 graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({
+                   tags: {}
+                 }));
                }
 
-               text = _escape(text, true);
-               return {
-                 type: 'codespan',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 text: text
+               member = {
+                 id: wayB.id,
+                 type: 'way',
+                 role: relation.memberById(wayA.id).role
                };
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "br",
-           value: function br(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.inline.br.exec(src);
-
-             if (cap) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'br',
-                 raw: cap[0]
+               var insertPair = {
+                 originalID: wayA.id,
+                 insertedID: wayB.id,
+                 nodes: origNodes
                };
+               graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, undefined, insertPair)(graph);
              }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "del",
-           value: function del(src) {
-             var cap = this.rules.inline.del.exec(src);
+           });
 
-             if (cap) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'del',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 text: cap[1]
-               };
-             }
+           if (!isOuter && isArea) {
+             var multipolygon = osmRelation({
+               tags: Object.assign({}, wayA.tags, {
+                 type: 'multipolygon'
+               }),
+               members: [{
+                 id: wayA.id,
+                 role: 'outer',
+                 type: 'way'
+               }, {
+                 id: wayB.id,
+                 role: 'outer',
+                 type: 'way'
+               }]
+             });
+             graph = graph.replace(multipolygon);
+             graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({
+               tags: {}
+             }));
+             graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({
+               tags: {}
+             }));
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "autolink",
-           value: function autolink(src, mangle) {
-             var cap = this.rules.inline.autolink.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               var text, href;
+           _createdWayIDs.push(wayB.id);
 
-               if (cap[2] === '@') {
-                 text = _escape(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[1]) : cap[1]);
-                 href = 'mailto:' + text;
-               } else {
-                 text = _escape(cap[1]);
-                 href = text;
-               }
+           return graph;
+         }
 
-               return {
-                 type: 'link',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 text: text,
-                 href: href,
-                 tokens: [{
-                   type: 'text',
-                   raw: text,
-                   text: text
-                 }]
-               };
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           _createdWayIDs = [];
+           var newWayIndex = 0;
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIds.length; i++) {
+             var nodeId = nodeIds[i];
+             var candidates = action.waysForNode(nodeId, graph);
+
+             for (var j = 0; j < candidates.length; j++) {
+               graph = split(graph, nodeId, candidates[j], newWayIds && newWayIds[newWayIndex]);
+               newWayIndex += 1;
              }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "url",
-           value: function url(src, mangle) {
-             var cap;
-
-             if (cap = this.rules.inline.url.exec(src)) {
-               var text, href;
 
-               if (cap[2] === '@') {
-                 text = _escape(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
-                 href = 'mailto:' + text;
-               } else {
-                 // do extended autolink path validation
-                 var prevCapZero;
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-                 do {
-                   prevCapZero = cap[0];
-                   cap[0] = this.rules.inline._backpedal.exec(cap[0])[0];
-                 } while (prevCapZero !== cap[0]);
+         action.getCreatedWayIDs = function () {
+           return _createdWayIDs;
+         };
 
-                 text = _escape(cap[0]);
+         action.waysForNode = function (nodeId, graph) {
+           var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
+           var splittableParents = graph.parentWays(node).filter(isSplittable);
 
-                 if (cap[1] === 'www.') {
-                   href = 'http://' + text;
-                 } else {
-                   href = text;
-                 }
-               }
+           if (!_wayIDs) {
+             // If the ways to split aren't specified, only split the lines.
+             // If there are no lines to split, split the areas.
+             var hasLine = splittableParents.some(function (parent) {
+               return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line';
+             });
 
-               return {
-                 type: 'link',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 text: text,
-                 href: href,
-                 tokens: [{
-                   type: 'text',
-                   raw: text,
-                   text: text
-                 }]
-               };
+             if (hasLine) {
+               return splittableParents.filter(function (parent) {
+                 return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line';
+               });
              }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "inlineText",
-           value: function inlineText(src, inRawBlock, smartypants) {
-             var cap = this.rules.inline.text.exec(src);
 
-             if (cap) {
-               var text;
+           return splittableParents;
 
-               if (inRawBlock) {
-                 text = this.options.sanitize ? this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : _escape(cap[0]) : cap[0];
-               } else {
-                 text = _escape(this.options.smartypants ? smartypants(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
-               }
+           function isSplittable(parent) {
+             // If the ways to split are specified, ignore everything else.
+             if (_wayIDs && _wayIDs.indexOf(parent.id) === -1) return false; // We can fake splitting closed ways at their endpoints...
 
-               return {
-                 type: 'text',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 text: text
-               };
+             if (parent.isClosed()) return true; // otherwise, we can't split nodes at their endpoints.
+
+             for (var i = 1; i < parent.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+               if (parent.nodes[i] === nodeId) return true;
              }
+
+             return false;
            }
-         }]);
+         };
 
-         return Tokenizer;
-       }();
+         action.ways = function (graph) {
+           return utilArrayUniq([].concat.apply([], nodeIds.map(function (nodeId) {
+             return action.waysForNode(nodeId, graph);
+           })));
+         };
 
-       var noopTest$1 = helpers.noopTest,
-           edit$1 = helpers.edit,
-           merge$2 = helpers.merge;
-       /**
-        * Block-Level Grammar
-        */
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIds.length; i++) {
+             var nodeId = nodeIds[i];
+             var candidates = action.waysForNode(nodeId, graph);
 
-       var block = {
-         newline: /^\n+/,
-         code: /^( {4}[^\n]+\n*)+/,
-         fences: /^ {0,3}(`{3,}(?=[^`\n]*\n)|~{3,})([^\n]*)\n(?:|([\s\S]*?)\n)(?: {0,3}\1[~`]* *(?:\n+|$)|$)/,
-         hr: /^ {0,3}((?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\* *){3,})(?:\n+|$)/,
-         heading: /^ {0,3}(#{1,6}) +([^\n]*?)(?: +#+)? *(?:\n+|$)/,
-         blockquote: /^( {0,3}> ?(paragraph|[^\n]*)(?:\n|$))+/,
-         list: /^( {0,3})(bull) [\s\S]+?(?:hr|def|\n{2,}(?! )(?!\1bull )\n*|\s*$)/,
-         html: '^ {0,3}(?:' // optional indentation
-         + '<(script|pre|style)[\\s>][\\s\\S]*?(?:</\\1>[^\\n]*\\n+|$)' // (1)
-         + '|comment[^\\n]*(\\n+|$)' // (2)
-         + '|<\\?[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\?>\\n*|$)' // (3)
-         + '|<![A-Z][\\s\\S]*?(?:>\\n*|$)' // (4)
-         + '|<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\]\\]>\\n*|$)' // (5)
-         + '|</?(tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\n{2,}|$)' // (6)
-         + '|<(?!script|pre|style)([a-z][\\w-]*)(?:attribute)*? */?>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\n{2,}|$)' // (7) open tag
-         + '|</(?!script|pre|style)[a-z][\\w-]*\\s*>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\n{2,}|$)' // (7) closing tag
-         + ')',
-         def: /^ {0,3}\[(label)\]: *\n? *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?:(?: +\n? *| *\n *)(title))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
-         nptable: noopTest$1,
-         table: noopTest$1,
-         lheading: /^([^\n]+)\n {0,3}(=+|-+) *(?:\n+|$)/,
-         // regex template, placeholders will be replaced according to different paragraph
-         // interruption rules of commonmark and the original markdown spec:
-         _paragraph: /^([^\n]+(?:\n(?!hr|heading|lheading|blockquote|fences|list|html)[^\n]+)*)/,
-         text: /^[^\n]+/
-       };
-       block._label = /(?!\s*\])(?:\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])+/;
-       block._title = /(?:"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'[^'\n]*(?:\n[^'\n]+)*\n?'|\([^()]*\))/;
-       block.def = edit$1(block.def).replace('label', block._label).replace('title', block._title).getRegex();
-       block.bullet = /(?:[*+-]|\d{1,9}[.)])/;
-       block.item = /^( *)(bull) ?[^\n]*(?:\n(?!\1bull ?)[^\n]*)*/;
-       block.item = edit$1(block.item, 'gm').replace(/bull/g, block.bullet).getRegex();
-       block.list = edit$1(block.list).replace(/bull/g, block.bullet).replace('hr', '\\n+(?=\\1?(?:(?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\\* *){3,})(?:\\n+|$))').replace('def', '\\n+(?=' + block.def.source + ')').getRegex();
-       block._tag = 'address|article|aside|base|basefont|blockquote|body|caption' + '|center|col|colgroup|dd|details|dialog|dir|div|dl|dt|fieldset|figcaption' + '|figure|footer|form|frame|frameset|h[1-6]|head|header|hr|html|iframe' + '|legend|li|link|main|menu|menuitem|meta|nav|noframes|ol|optgroup|option' + '|p|param|section|source|summary|table|tbody|td|tfoot|th|thead|title|tr' + '|track|ul';
-       block._comment = /<!--(?!-?>)[\s\S]*?(?:-->|$)/;
-       block.html = edit$1(block.html, 'i').replace('comment', block._comment).replace('tag', block._tag).replace('attribute', / +[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?: *= *"[^"\n]*"| *= *'[^'\n]*'| *= *[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/).getRegex();
-       block.paragraph = edit$1(block._paragraph).replace('hr', block.hr).replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ').replace('|lheading', '') // setex headings don't interrupt commonmark paragraphs
-       .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n').replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
-       .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)').replace('tag', block._tag) // pars can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
-       .getRegex();
-       block.blockquote = edit$1(block.blockquote).replace('paragraph', block.paragraph).getRegex();
-       /**
-        * Normal Block Grammar
-        */
+             if (candidates.length === 0 || _wayIDs && _wayIDs.length !== candidates.length) {
+               return 'not_eligible';
+             }
+           }
+         };
 
-       block.normal = merge$2({}, block);
-       /**
-        * GFM Block Grammar
-        */
+         action.limitWays = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _wayIDs;
+           _wayIDs = val;
+           return action;
+         };
 
-       block.gfm = merge$2({}, block.normal, {
-         nptable: '^ *([^|\\n ].*\\|.*)\\n' // Header
-         + ' {0,3}([-:]+ *\\|[-| :]*)' // Align
-         + '(?:\\n((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)',
-         // Cells
-         table: '^ *\\|(.+)\\n' // Header
-         + ' {0,3}\\|?( *[-:]+[-| :]*)' // Align
-         + '(?:\\n *((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)' // Cells
+         action.keepHistoryOn = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _keepHistoryOn;
+           _keepHistoryOn = val;
+           return action;
+         };
 
-       });
-       block.gfm.nptable = edit$1(block.gfm.nptable).replace('hr', block.hr).replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ').replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]').replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n').replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
-       .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)').replace('tag', block._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
-       .getRegex();
-       block.gfm.table = edit$1(block.gfm.table).replace('hr', block.hr).replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ').replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]').replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n').replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
-       .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)').replace('tag', block._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
-       .getRegex();
-       /**
-        * Pedantic grammar (original John Gruber's loose markdown specification)
-        */
+         return action;
+       }
 
-       block.pedantic = merge$2({}, block.normal, {
-         html: edit$1('^ *(?:comment *(?:\\n|\\s*$)' + '|<(tag)[\\s\\S]+?</\\1> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$)' // closed tag
-         + '|<tag(?:"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'|\\s[^\'"/>\\s]*)*?/?> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$))').replace('comment', block._comment).replace(/tag/g, '(?!(?:' + 'a|em|strong|small|s|cite|q|dfn|abbr|data|time|code|var|samp|kbd|sub' + '|sup|i|b|u|mark|ruby|rt|rp|bdi|bdo|span|br|wbr|ins|del|img)' + '\\b)\\w+(?!:|[^\\w\\s@]*@)\\b').getRegex(),
-         def: /^ *\[([^\]]+)\]: *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?: +(["(][^\n]+[")]))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
-         heading: /^ *(#{1,6}) *([^\n]+?) *(?:#+ *)?(?:\n+|$)/,
-         fences: noopTest$1,
-         // fences not supported
-         paragraph: edit$1(block.normal._paragraph).replace('hr', block.hr).replace('heading', ' *#{1,6} *[^\n]').replace('lheading', block.lheading).replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('|fences', '').replace('|list', '').replace('|html', '').getRegex()
-       });
-       /**
-        * Inline-Level Grammar
-        */
+       function coreGraph(other, mutable) {
+         if (!(this instanceof coreGraph)) return new coreGraph(other, mutable);
 
-       var inline = {
-         escape: /^\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/,
-         autolink: /^<(scheme:[^\s\x00-\x1f<>]*|email)>/,
-         url: noopTest$1,
-         tag: '^comment' + '|^</[a-zA-Z][\\w:-]*\\s*>' // self-closing tag
-         + '|^<[a-zA-Z][\\w-]*(?:attribute)*?\\s*/?>' // open tag
-         + '|^<\\?[\\s\\S]*?\\?>' // processing instruction, e.g. <?php ?>
-         + '|^<![a-zA-Z]+\\s[\\s\\S]*?>' // declaration, e.g. <!DOCTYPE html>
-         + '|^<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?\\]\\]>',
-         // CDATA section
-         link: /^!?\[(label)\]\(\s*(href)(?:\s+(title))?\s*\)/,
-         reflink: /^!?\[(label)\]\[(?!\s*\])((?:\\[\[\]]?|[^\[\]\\])+)\]/,
-         nolink: /^!?\[(?!\s*\])((?:\[[^\[\]]*\]|\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])*)\](?:\[\])?/,
-         reflinkSearch: 'reflink|nolink(?!\\()',
-         strong: {
-           start: /^(?:(\*\*(?=[*punctuation]))|\*\*)(?![\s])|__/,
-           // (1) returns if starts w/ punctuation
-           middle: /^\*\*(?:(?:(?!overlapSkip)(?:[^*]|\\\*)|overlapSkip)|\*(?:(?!overlapSkip)(?:[^*]|\\\*)|overlapSkip)*?\*)+?\*\*$|^__(?![\s])((?:(?:(?!overlapSkip)(?:[^_]|\\_)|overlapSkip)|_(?:(?!overlapSkip)(?:[^_]|\\_)|overlapSkip)*?_)+?)__$/,
-           endAst: /[^punctuation\s]\*\*(?!\*)|[punctuation]\*\*(?!\*)(?:(?=[punctuation_\s]|$))/,
-           // last char can't be punct, or final * must also be followed by punct (or endline)
-           endUnd: /[^\s]__(?!_)(?:(?=[punctuation*\s])|$)/ // last char can't be a space, and final _ must preceed punct or \s (or endline)
+         if (other instanceof coreGraph) {
+           var base = other.base();
+           this.entities = Object.assign(Object.create(base.entities), other.entities);
+           this._parentWays = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentWays), other._parentWays);
+           this._parentRels = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentRels), other._parentRels);
+         } else {
+           this.entities = Object.create({});
+           this._parentWays = Object.create({});
+           this._parentRels = Object.create({});
+           this.rebase(other || [], [this]);
+         }
 
+         this.transients = {};
+         this._childNodes = {};
+         this.frozen = !mutable;
+       }
+       coreGraph.prototype = {
+         hasEntity: function hasEntity(id) {
+           return this.entities[id];
          },
-         em: {
-           start: /^(?:(\*(?=[punctuation]))|\*)(?![*\s])|_/,
-           // (1) returns if starts w/ punctuation
-           middle: /^\*(?:(?:(?!overlapSkip)(?:[^*]|\\\*)|overlapSkip)|\*(?:(?!overlapSkip)(?:[^*]|\\\*)|overlapSkip)*?\*)+?\*$|^_(?![_\s])(?:(?:(?!overlapSkip)(?:[^_]|\\_)|overlapSkip)|_(?:(?!overlapSkip)(?:[^_]|\\_)|overlapSkip)*?_)+?_$/,
-           endAst: /[^punctuation\s]\*(?!\*)|[punctuation]\*(?!\*)(?:(?=[punctuation_\s]|$))/,
-           // last char can't be punct, or final * must also be followed by punct (or endline)
-           endUnd: /[^\s]_(?!_)(?:(?=[punctuation*\s])|$)/ // last char can't be a space, and final _ must preceed punct or \s (or endline)
+         entity: function entity(id) {
+           var entity = this.entities[id]; //https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/3973#issuecomment-307052376
 
-         },
-         code: /^(`+)([^`]|[^`][\s\S]*?[^`])\1(?!`)/,
-         br: /^( {2,}|\\)\n(?!\s*$)/,
-         del: noopTest$1,
-         text: /^(`+|[^`])(?:(?= {2,}\n)|[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*]|\b_|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n)))/,
-         punctuation: /^([\s*punctuation])/
-       }; // list of punctuation marks from common mark spec
-       // without * and _ to workaround cases with double emphasis
-
-       inline._punctuation = '!"#$%&\'()+\\-.,/:;<=>?@\\[\\]`^{|}~';
-       inline.punctuation = edit$1(inline.punctuation).replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).getRegex(); // sequences em should skip over [title](link), `code`, <html>
-
-       inline._blockSkip = '\\[[^\\]]*?\\]\\([^\\)]*?\\)|`[^`]*?`|<[^>]*?>';
-       inline._overlapSkip = '__[^_]*?__|\\*\\*\\[^\\*\\]*?\\*\\*';
-       inline._comment = edit$1(block._comment).replace('(?:-->|$)', '-->').getRegex();
-       inline.em.start = edit$1(inline.em.start).replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).getRegex();
-       inline.em.middle = edit$1(inline.em.middle).replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).replace(/overlapSkip/g, inline._overlapSkip).getRegex();
-       inline.em.endAst = edit$1(inline.em.endAst, 'g').replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).getRegex();
-       inline.em.endUnd = edit$1(inline.em.endUnd, 'g').replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).getRegex();
-       inline.strong.start = edit$1(inline.strong.start).replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).getRegex();
-       inline.strong.middle = edit$1(inline.strong.middle).replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).replace(/overlapSkip/g, inline._overlapSkip).getRegex();
-       inline.strong.endAst = edit$1(inline.strong.endAst, 'g').replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).getRegex();
-       inline.strong.endUnd = edit$1(inline.strong.endUnd, 'g').replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).getRegex();
-       inline.blockSkip = edit$1(inline._blockSkip, 'g').getRegex();
-       inline.overlapSkip = edit$1(inline._overlapSkip, 'g').getRegex();
-       inline._escapes = /\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/g;
-       inline._scheme = /[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]{1,31}/;
-       inline._email = /[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)+(?![-_])/;
-       inline.autolink = edit$1(inline.autolink).replace('scheme', inline._scheme).replace('email', inline._email).getRegex();
-       inline._attribute = /\s+[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?:\s*=\s*"[^"]*"|\s*=\s*'[^']*'|\s*=\s*[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/;
-       inline.tag = edit$1(inline.tag).replace('comment', inline._comment).replace('attribute', inline._attribute).getRegex();
-       inline._label = /(?:\[(?:\\.|[^\[\]\\])*\]|\\.|`[^`]*`|[^\[\]\\`])*?/;
-       inline._href = /<(?:\\[<>]?|[^\s<>\\])*>|[^\s\x00-\x1f]*/;
-       inline._title = /"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'(?:\\'?|[^'\\])*'|\((?:\\\)?|[^)\\])*\)/;
-       inline.link = edit$1(inline.link).replace('label', inline._label).replace('href', inline._href).replace('title', inline._title).getRegex();
-       inline.reflink = edit$1(inline.reflink).replace('label', inline._label).getRegex();
-       inline.reflinkSearch = edit$1(inline.reflinkSearch, 'g').replace('reflink', inline.reflink).replace('nolink', inline.nolink).getRegex();
-       /**
-        * Normal Inline Grammar
-        */
+           if (!entity) {
+             entity = this.entities.__proto__[id]; // eslint-disable-line no-proto
+           }
 
-       inline.normal = merge$2({}, inline);
-       /**
-        * Pedantic Inline Grammar
-        */
+           if (!entity) {
+             throw new Error('entity ' + id + ' not found');
+           }
 
-       inline.pedantic = merge$2({}, inline.normal, {
-         strong: {
-           start: /^__|\*\*/,
-           middle: /^__(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)__(?!_)|^\*\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*\*(?!\*)/,
-           endAst: /\*\*(?!\*)/g,
-           endUnd: /__(?!_)/g
+           return entity;
          },
-         em: {
-           start: /^_|\*/,
-           middle: /^()\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*(?!\*)|^_(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)_(?!_)/,
-           endAst: /\*(?!\*)/g,
-           endUnd: /_(?!_)/g
+         geometry: function geometry(id) {
+           return this.entity(id).geometry(this);
          },
-         link: edit$1(/^!?\[(label)\]\((.*?)\)/).replace('label', inline._label).getRegex(),
-         reflink: edit$1(/^!?\[(label)\]\s*\[([^\]]*)\]/).replace('label', inline._label).getRegex()
-       });
-       /**
-        * GFM Inline Grammar
-        */
+         "transient": function transient(entity, key, fn) {
+           var id = entity.id;
+           var transients = this.transients[id] || (this.transients[id] = {});
 
-       inline.gfm = merge$2({}, inline.normal, {
-         escape: edit$1(inline.escape).replace('])', '~|])').getRegex(),
-         _extended_email: /[A-Za-z0-9._+-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9-_]+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9-_]*[a-zA-Z0-9])+(?![-_])/,
-         url: /^((?:ftp|https?):\/\/|www\.)(?:[a-zA-Z0-9\-]+\.?)+[^\s<]*|^email/,
-         _backpedal: /(?:[^?!.,:;*_~()&]+|\([^)]*\)|&(?![a-zA-Z0-9]+;$)|[?!.,:;*_~)]+(?!$))+/,
-         del: /^~+(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)~+/,
-         text: /^(`+|[^`])(?:(?= {2,}\n)|[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*~]|\b_|https?:\/\/|ftp:\/\/|www\.|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n)|[^a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-](?=[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@))|(?=[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@))/
-       });
-       inline.gfm.url = edit$1(inline.gfm.url, 'i').replace('email', inline.gfm._extended_email).getRegex();
-       /**
-        * GFM + Line Breaks Inline Grammar
-        */
+           if (transients[key] !== undefined) {
+             return transients[key];
+           }
 
-       inline.breaks = merge$2({}, inline.gfm, {
-         br: edit$1(inline.br).replace('{2,}', '*').getRegex(),
-         text: edit$1(inline.gfm.text).replace('\\b_', '\\b_| {2,}\\n').replace(/\{2,\}/g, '*').getRegex()
-       });
-       var rules = {
-         block: block,
-         inline: inline
-       };
+           transients[key] = fn.call(entity);
+           return transients[key];
+         },
+         parentWays: function parentWays(entity) {
+           var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
+           var result = [];
 
-       var defaults$2 = defaults.defaults;
-       var block$1 = rules.block,
-           inline$1 = rules.inline;
-       var repeatString$1 = helpers.repeatString;
-       /**
-        * smartypants text replacement
-        */
+           if (parents) {
+             parents.forEach(function (id) {
+               result.push(this.entity(id));
+             }, this);
+           }
 
-       function smartypants(text) {
-         return text // em-dashes
-         .replace(/---/g, "\u2014") // en-dashes
-         .replace(/--/g, "\u2013") // opening singles
-         .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{"\s])'/g, "$1\u2018") // closing singles & apostrophes
-         .replace(/'/g, "\u2019") // opening doubles
-         .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{\u2018\s])"/g, "$1\u201C") // closing doubles
-         .replace(/"/g, "\u201D") // ellipses
-         .replace(/\.{3}/g, "\u2026");
-       }
-       /**
-        * mangle email addresses
-        */
+           return result;
+         },
+         isPoi: function isPoi(entity) {
+           var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
+           return !parents || parents.size === 0;
+         },
+         isShared: function isShared(entity) {
+           var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
+           return parents && parents.size > 1;
+         },
+         parentRelations: function parentRelations(entity) {
+           var parents = this._parentRels[entity.id];
+           var result = [];
 
+           if (parents) {
+             parents.forEach(function (id) {
+               result.push(this.entity(id));
+             }, this);
+           }
 
-       function mangle(text) {
-         var out = '',
-             i,
-             ch;
-         var l = text.length;
+           return result;
+         },
+         parentMultipolygons: function parentMultipolygons(entity) {
+           return this.parentRelations(entity).filter(function (relation) {
+             return relation.isMultipolygon();
+           });
+         },
+         childNodes: function childNodes(entity) {
+           if (this._childNodes[entity.id]) return this._childNodes[entity.id];
+           if (!entity.nodes) return [];
+           var nodes = [];
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
+             nodes[i] = this.entity(entity.nodes[i]);
+           }
+           this._childNodes[entity.id] = nodes;
+           return this._childNodes[entity.id];
+         },
+         base: function base() {
+           return {
+             'entities': Object.getPrototypeOf(this.entities),
+             'parentWays': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentWays),
+             'parentRels': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentRels)
+           };
+         },
+         // Unlike other graph methods, rebase mutates in place. This is because it
+         // is used only during the history operation that merges newly downloaded
+         // data into each state. To external consumers, it should appear as if the
+         // graph always contained the newly downloaded data.
+         rebase: function rebase(entities, stack, force) {
+           var base = this.base();
+           var i, j, k, id;
+
+           for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             if (!entity.visible || !force && base.entities[entity.id]) continue; // Merging data into the base graph
 
-         for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-           ch = text.charCodeAt(i);
+             base.entities[entity.id] = entity;
 
-           if (Math.random() > 0.5) {
-             ch = 'x' + ch.toString(16);
-           }
+             this._updateCalculated(undefined, entity, base.parentWays, base.parentRels); // Restore provisionally-deleted nodes that are discovered to have an extant parent
 
-           out += '&#' + ch + ';';
-         }
 
-         return out;
-       }
-       /**
-        * Block Lexer
-        */
+             if (entity.type === 'way') {
+               for (j = 0; j < entity.nodes.length; j++) {
+                 id = entity.nodes[j];
 
+                 for (k = 1; k < stack.length; k++) {
+                   var ents = stack[k].entities;
 
-       var Lexer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function Lexer(options) {
-           _classCallCheck(this, Lexer);
+                   if (ents.hasOwnProperty(id) && ents[id] === undefined) {
+                     delete ents[id];
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           this.tokens = [];
-           this.tokens.links = Object.create(null);
-           this.options = options || defaults$2;
-           this.options.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer || new Tokenizer_1();
-           this.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer;
-           this.tokenizer.options = this.options;
-           var rules = {
-             block: block$1.normal,
-             inline: inline$1.normal
-           };
+           for (i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
+             stack[i]._updateRebased();
+           }
+         },
+         _updateRebased: function _updateRebased() {
+           var base = this.base();
+           Object.keys(this._parentWays).forEach(function (child) {
+             if (base.parentWays[child]) {
+               base.parentWays[child].forEach(function (id) {
+                 if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
+                   this._parentWays[child].add(id);
+                 }
+               }, this);
+             }
+           }, this);
+           Object.keys(this._parentRels).forEach(function (child) {
+             if (base.parentRels[child]) {
+               base.parentRels[child].forEach(function (id) {
+                 if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
+                   this._parentRels[child].add(id);
+                 }
+               }, this);
+             }
+           }, this);
+           this.transients = {}; // this._childNodes is not updated, under the assumption that
+           // ways are always downloaded with their child nodes.
+         },
+         // Updates calculated properties (parentWays, parentRels) for the specified change
+         _updateCalculated: function _updateCalculated(oldentity, entity, parentWays, parentRels) {
+           parentWays = parentWays || this._parentWays;
+           parentRels = parentRels || this._parentRels;
+           var type = entity && entity.type || oldentity && oldentity.type;
+           var removed, added, i;
 
-           if (this.options.pedantic) {
-             rules.block = block$1.pedantic;
-             rules.inline = inline$1.pedantic;
-           } else if (this.options.gfm) {
-             rules.block = block$1.gfm;
+           if (type === 'way') {
+             // Update parentWays
+             if (oldentity && entity) {
+               removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentity.nodes, entity.nodes);
+               added = utilArrayDifference(entity.nodes, oldentity.nodes);
+             } else if (oldentity) {
+               removed = oldentity.nodes;
+               added = [];
+             } else if (entity) {
+               removed = [];
+               added = entity.nodes;
+             }
 
-             if (this.options.breaks) {
-               rules.inline = inline$1.breaks;
-             } else {
-               rules.inline = inline$1.gfm;
+             for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
+               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
+               parentWays[removed[i]] = new Set(parentWays[removed[i]]);
+               parentWays[removed[i]]["delete"](oldentity.id);
              }
-           }
 
-           this.tokenizer.rules = rules;
-         }
-         /**
-          * Expose Rules
-          */
+             for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
+               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
+               parentWays[added[i]] = new Set(parentWays[added[i]]);
+               parentWays[added[i]].add(entity.id);
+             }
+           } else if (type === 'relation') {
+             // Update parentRels
+             // diff only on the IDs since the same entity can be a member multiple times with different roles
+             var oldentityMemberIDs = oldentity ? oldentity.members.map(function (m) {
+               return m.id;
+             }) : [];
+             var entityMemberIDs = entity ? entity.members.map(function (m) {
+               return m.id;
+             }) : [];
 
+             if (oldentity && entity) {
+               removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentityMemberIDs, entityMemberIDs);
+               added = utilArrayDifference(entityMemberIDs, oldentityMemberIDs);
+             } else if (oldentity) {
+               removed = oldentityMemberIDs;
+               added = [];
+             } else if (entity) {
+               removed = [];
+               added = entityMemberIDs;
+             }
 
-         _createClass(Lexer, [{
-           key: "lex",
+             for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
+               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
+               parentRels[removed[i]] = new Set(parentRels[removed[i]]);
+               parentRels[removed[i]]["delete"](oldentity.id);
+             }
 
-           /**
-            * Preprocessing
-            */
-           value: function lex(src) {
-             src = src.replace(/\r\n|\r/g, '\n').replace(/\t/g, '    ');
-             this.blockTokens(src, this.tokens, true);
-             this.inline(this.tokens);
-             return this.tokens;
+             for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
+               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
+               parentRels[added[i]] = new Set(parentRels[added[i]]);
+               parentRels[added[i]].add(entity.id);
+             }
            }
-           /**
-            * Lexing
-            */
+         },
+         replace: function replace(entity) {
+           if (this.entities[entity.id] === entity) return this;
+           return this.update(function () {
+             this._updateCalculated(this.entities[entity.id], entity);
 
-         }, {
-           key: "blockTokens",
-           value: function blockTokens(src) {
-             var tokens = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : [];
-             var top = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : true;
-             src = src.replace(/^ +$/gm, '');
-             var token, i, l, lastToken;
+             this.entities[entity.id] = entity;
+           });
+         },
+         remove: function remove(entity) {
+           return this.update(function () {
+             this._updateCalculated(entity, undefined);
 
-             while (src) {
-               // newline
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.space(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+             this.entities[entity.id] = undefined;
+           });
+         },
+         revert: function revert(id) {
+           var baseEntity = this.base().entities[id];
+           var headEntity = this.entities[id];
+           if (headEntity === baseEntity) return this;
+           return this.update(function () {
+             this._updateCalculated(headEntity, baseEntity);
 
-                 if (token.type) {
-                   tokens.push(token);
-                 }
+             delete this.entities[id];
+           });
+         },
+         update: function update() {
+           var graph = this.frozen ? coreGraph(this, true) : this;
 
-                 continue;
-               } // code
+           for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+             arguments[i].call(graph, graph);
+           }
 
+           if (this.frozen) graph.frozen = true;
+           return graph;
+         },
+         // Obliterates any existing entities
+         load: function load(entities) {
+           var base = this.base();
+           this.entities = Object.create(base.entities);
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.code(src, tokens)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+           for (var i in entities) {
+             this.entities[i] = entities[i];
 
-                 if (token.type) {
-                   tokens.push(token);
-                 } else {
-                   lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
-                   lastToken.raw += '\n' + token.raw;
-                   lastToken.text += '\n' + token.text;
-                 }
+             this._updateCalculated(base.entities[i], this.entities[i]);
+           }
 
-                 continue;
-               } // fences
+           return this;
+         }
+       };
 
+       function osmTurn(turn) {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmTurn)) {
+           return new osmTurn(turn);
+         }
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.fences(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // heading
+         Object.assign(this, turn);
+       }
+       function osmIntersection(graph, startVertexId, maxDistance) {
+         maxDistance = maxDistance || 30; // in meters
 
+         var vgraph = coreGraph(); // virtual graph
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.heading(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // table no leading pipe (gfm)
+         var i, j, k;
 
+         function memberOfRestriction(entity) {
+           return graph.parentRelations(entity).some(function (r) {
+             return r.isRestriction();
+           });
+         }
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.nptable(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // hr
+         function isRoad(way) {
+           if (way.isArea() || way.isDegenerate()) return false;
+           var roads = {
+             'motorway': true,
+             'motorway_link': true,
+             'trunk': true,
+             'trunk_link': true,
+             'primary': true,
+             'primary_link': true,
+             'secondary': true,
+             'secondary_link': true,
+             'tertiary': true,
+             'tertiary_link': true,
+             'residential': true,
+             'unclassified': true,
+             'living_street': true,
+             'service': true,
+             'road': true,
+             'track': true
+           };
+           return roads[way.tags.highway];
+         }
 
+         var startNode = graph.entity(startVertexId);
+         var checkVertices = [startNode];
+         var checkWays;
+         var vertices = [];
+         var vertexIds = [];
+         var vertex;
+         var ways = [];
+         var wayIds = [];
+         var way;
+         var nodes = [];
+         var node;
+         var parents = [];
+         var parent; // `actions` will store whatever actions must be performed to satisfy
+         // preconditions for adding a turn restriction to this intersection.
+         //  - Remove any existing degenerate turn restrictions (missing from/to, etc)
+         //  - Reverse oneways so that they are drawn in the forward direction
+         //  - Split ways on key vertices
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.hr(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // blockquote
+         var actions = []; // STEP 1:  walk the graph outwards from starting vertex to search
+         //  for more key vertices and ways to include in the intersection..
 
+         while (checkVertices.length) {
+           vertex = checkVertices.pop(); // check this vertex for parent ways that are roads
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.blockquote(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 token.tokens = this.blockTokens(token.text, [], top);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // list
+           checkWays = graph.parentWays(vertex);
+           var hasWays = false;
 
+           for (i = 0; i < checkWays.length; i++) {
+             way = checkWays[i];
+             if (!isRoad(way) && !memberOfRestriction(way)) continue;
+             ways.push(way); // it's a road, or it's already in a turn restriction
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.list(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 l = token.items.length;
+             hasWays = true; // check the way's children for more key vertices
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                   token.items[i].tokens = this.blockTokens(token.items[i].text, [], false);
-                 }
+             nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
 
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // html
+             for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {
+               node = nodes[j];
+               if (node === vertex) continue; // same thing
 
+               if (vertices.indexOf(node) !== -1) continue; // seen it already
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.html(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // def
+               if (geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, startNode.loc) > maxDistance) continue; // too far from start
+               // a key vertex will have parents that are also roads
 
+               var hasParents = false;
+               parents = graph.parentWays(node);
 
-               if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.def(src))) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+               for (k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
+                 parent = parents[k];
+                 if (parent === way) continue; // same thing
 
-                 if (!this.tokens.links[token.tag]) {
-                   this.tokens.links[token.tag] = {
-                     href: token.href,
-                     title: token.title
-                   };
-                 }
+                 if (ways.indexOf(parent) !== -1) continue; // seen it already
 
-                 continue;
-               } // table (gfm)
+                 if (!isRoad(parent)) continue; // not a road
 
+                 hasParents = true;
+                 break;
+               }
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.table(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // lheading
+               if (hasParents) {
+                 checkVertices.push(node);
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
+           if (hasWays) {
+             vertices.push(vertex);
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.lheading(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // top-level paragraph
+         vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
+         ways = utilArrayUniq(ways); // STEP 2:  Build a virtual graph containing only the entities in the intersection..
+         // Everything done after this step should act on the virtual graph
+         // Any actions that must be performed later to the main graph go in `actions` array
+
+         ways.forEach(function (way) {
+           graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function (node) {
+             vgraph = vgraph.replace(node);
+           });
+           vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);
+           graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (relation) {
+             if (relation.isRestriction()) {
+               if (relation.isValidRestriction(graph)) {
+                 vgraph = vgraph.replace(relation);
+               } else if (relation.isComplete(graph)) {
+                 actions.push(actionDeleteRelation(relation.id));
+               }
+             }
+           });
+         }); // STEP 3:  Force all oneways to be drawn in the forward direction
 
+         ways.forEach(function (w) {
+           var way = vgraph.entity(w.id);
 
-               if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.paragraph(src))) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // text
+           if (way.tags.oneway === '-1') {
+             var action = actionReverse(way.id, {
+               reverseOneway: true
+             });
+             actions.push(action);
+             vgraph = action(vgraph);
+           }
+         }); // STEP 4:  Split ways on key vertices
 
+         var origCount = osmEntity.id.next.way;
+         vertices.forEach(function (v) {
+           // This is an odd way to do it, but we need to find all the ways that
+           // will be split here, then split them one at a time to ensure that these
+           // actions can be replayed on the main graph exactly in the same order.
+           // (It is unintuitive, but the order of ways returned from graph.parentWays()
+           // is arbitrary, depending on how the main graph and vgraph were built)
+           var splitAll = actionSplit([v.id]).keepHistoryOn('first');
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.text(src, tokens)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+           if (!splitAll.disabled(vgraph)) {
+             splitAll.ways(vgraph).forEach(function (way) {
+               var splitOne = actionSplit([v.id]).limitWays([way.id]).keepHistoryOn('first');
+               actions.push(splitOne);
+               vgraph = splitOne(vgraph);
+             });
+           }
+         }); // In here is where we should also split the intersection at nearby junction.
+         //   for https://github.com/mapbox/iD-internal/issues/31
+         // nearbyVertices.forEach(function(v) {
+         // });
+         // Reasons why we reset the way id count here:
+         //  1. Continuity with way ids created by the splits so that we can replay
+         //     these actions later if the user decides to create a turn restriction
+         //  2. Avoids churning way ids just by hovering over a vertex
+         //     and displaying the turn restriction editor
 
-                 if (token.type) {
-                   tokens.push(token);
-                 } else {
-                   lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
-                   lastToken.raw += '\n' + token.raw;
-                   lastToken.text += '\n' + token.text;
-                 }
+         osmEntity.id.next.way = origCount; // STEP 5:  Update arrays to point to vgraph entities
 
-                 continue;
-               }
+         vertexIds = vertices.map(function (v) {
+           return v.id;
+         });
+         vertices = [];
+         ways = [];
+         vertexIds.forEach(function (id) {
+           var vertex = vgraph.entity(id);
+           var parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
+           vertices.push(vertex);
+           ways = ways.concat(parents);
+         });
+         vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
+         ways = utilArrayUniq(ways);
+         vertexIds = vertices.map(function (v) {
+           return v.id;
+         });
+         wayIds = ways.map(function (w) {
+           return w.id;
+         }); // STEP 6:  Update the ways with some metadata that will be useful for
+         // walking the intersection graph later and rendering turn arrows.
 
-               if (src) {
-                 var errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
+         function withMetadata(way, vertexIds) {
+           var __oneWay = way.isOneWay(); // which affixes are key vertices?
 
-                 if (this.options.silent) {
-                   console.error(errMsg);
-                   break;
-                 } else {
-                   throw new Error(errMsg);
-                 }
-               }
-             }
 
-             return tokens;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "inline",
-           value: function inline(tokens) {
-             var i, j, k, l2, row, token;
-             var l = tokens.length;
+           var __first = vertexIds.indexOf(way.first()) !== -1;
 
-             for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-               token = tokens[i];
+           var __last = vertexIds.indexOf(way.last()) !== -1; // what roles is this way eligible for?
 
-               switch (token.type) {
-                 case 'paragraph':
-                 case 'text':
-                 case 'heading':
-                   {
-                     token.tokens = [];
-                     this.inlineTokens(token.text, token.tokens);
-                     break;
-                   }
 
-                 case 'table':
-                   {
-                     token.tokens = {
-                       header: [],
-                       cells: []
-                     }; // header
+           var __via = __first && __last;
 
-                     l2 = token.header.length;
+           var __from = __first && !__oneWay || __last;
 
-                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                       token.tokens.header[j] = [];
-                       this.inlineTokens(token.header[j], token.tokens.header[j]);
-                     } // cells
+           var __to = __first || __last && !__oneWay;
 
+           return way.update({
+             __first: __first,
+             __last: __last,
+             __from: __from,
+             __via: __via,
+             __to: __to,
+             __oneWay: __oneWay
+           });
+         }
 
-                     l2 = token.cells.length;
+         ways = [];
+         wayIds.forEach(function (id) {
+           var way = withMetadata(vgraph.entity(id), vertexIds);
+           vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);
+           ways.push(way);
+         }); // STEP 7:  Simplify - This is an iterative process where we:
+         //  1. Find trivial vertices with only 2 parents
+         //  2. trim off the leaf way from those vertices and remove from vgraph
 
-                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                       row = token.cells[j];
-                       token.tokens.cells[j] = [];
+         var keepGoing;
+         var removeWayIds = [];
+         var removeVertexIds = [];
 
-                       for (k = 0; k < row.length; k++) {
-                         token.tokens.cells[j][k] = [];
-                         this.inlineTokens(row[k], token.tokens.cells[j][k]);
-                       }
-                     }
+         do {
+           keepGoing = false;
+           checkVertices = vertexIds.slice();
 
-                     break;
-                   }
+           for (i = 0; i < checkVertices.length; i++) {
+             var vertexId = checkVertices[i];
+             vertex = vgraph.hasEntity(vertexId);
 
-                 case 'blockquote':
-                   {
-                     this.inline(token.tokens);
-                     break;
-                   }
+             if (!vertex) {
+               if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
+                 vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1); // stop checking this one
+               }
 
-                 case 'list':
-                   {
-                     l2 = token.items.length;
+               removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
+               continue;
+             }
 
-                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                       this.inline(token.items[j].tokens);
-                     }
+             parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
 
-                     break;
-                   }
+             if (parents.length < 3) {
+               if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
+                 vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1); // stop checking this one
                }
              }
 
-             return tokens;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Lexing/Compiling
-            */
+             if (parents.length === 2) {
+               // vertex with 2 parents is trivial
+               var a = parents[0];
+               var b = parents[1];
+               var aIsLeaf = a && !a.__via;
+               var bIsLeaf = b && !b.__via;
+               var leaf, survivor;
 
-         }, {
-           key: "inlineTokens",
-           value: function inlineTokens(src) {
-             var tokens = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : [];
-             var inLink = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : false;
-             var inRawBlock = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : false;
-             var prevChar = arguments.length > 4 && arguments[4] !== undefined ? arguments[4] : '';
-             var token; // String with links masked to avoid interference with em and strong
+               if (aIsLeaf && !bIsLeaf) {
+                 leaf = a;
+                 survivor = b;
+               } else if (!aIsLeaf && bIsLeaf) {
+                 leaf = b;
+                 survivor = a;
+               }
 
-             var maskedSrc = src;
-             var match; // Mask out reflinks
+               if (leaf && survivor) {
+                 survivor = withMetadata(survivor, vertexIds); // update survivor way
 
-             if (this.tokens.links) {
-               var links = Object.keys(this.tokens.links);
+                 vgraph = vgraph.replace(survivor).remove(leaf); // update graph
 
-               if (links.length > 0) {
-                 while ((match = this.tokenizer.rules.inline.reflinkSearch.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
-                   if (links.includes(match[0].slice(match[0].lastIndexOf('[') + 1, -1))) {
-                     maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index) + '[' + repeatString$1('a', match[0].length - 2) + ']' + maskedSrc.slice(this.tokenizer.rules.inline.reflinkSearch.lastIndex);
-                   }
-                 }
+                 removeWayIds.push(leaf.id);
+                 keepGoing = true;
                }
-             } // Mask out other blocks
-
-
-             while ((match = this.tokenizer.rules.inline.blockSkip.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
-               maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index) + '[' + repeatString$1('a', match[0].length - 2) + ']' + maskedSrc.slice(this.tokenizer.rules.inline.blockSkip.lastIndex);
              }
 
-             while (src) {
-               // escape
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.escape(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // tag
+             parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
 
+             if (parents.length < 2) {
+               // vertex is no longer a key vertex
+               if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
+                 vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1); // stop checking this one
+               }
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.tag(src, inLink, inRawBlock)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 inLink = token.inLink;
-                 inRawBlock = token.inRawBlock;
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // link
+               removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
+               keepGoing = true;
+             }
 
+             if (parents.length < 1) {
+               // vertex is no longer attached to anything
+               vgraph = vgraph.remove(vertex);
+             }
+           }
+         } while (keepGoing);
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.link(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+         vertices = vertices.filter(function (vertex) {
+           return removeVertexIds.indexOf(vertex.id) === -1;
+         }).map(function (vertex) {
+           return vgraph.entity(vertex.id);
+         });
+         ways = ways.filter(function (way) {
+           return removeWayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1;
+         }).map(function (way) {
+           return vgraph.entity(way.id);
+         }); // OK!  Here is our intersection..
 
-                 if (token.type === 'link') {
-                   token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
-                 }
+         var intersection = {
+           graph: vgraph,
+           actions: actions,
+           vertices: vertices,
+           ways: ways
+         }; // Get all the valid turns through this intersection given a starting way id.
+         // This operates on the virtual graph for everything.
+         //
+         // Basically, walk through all possible paths from starting way,
+         //   honoring the existing turn restrictions as we go (watch out for loops!)
+         //
+         // For each path found, generate and return a `osmTurn` datastructure.
+         //
 
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // reflink, nolink
+         intersection.turns = function (fromWayId, maxViaWay) {
+           if (!fromWayId) return [];
+           if (!maxViaWay) maxViaWay = 0;
+           var vgraph = intersection.graph;
+           var keyVertexIds = intersection.vertices.map(function (v) {
+             return v.id;
+           });
+           var start = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
+           if (!start || !(start.__from || start.__via)) return []; // maxViaWay=0   from-*-to              (0 vias)
+           // maxViaWay=1   from-*-via-*-to        (1 via max)
+           // maxViaWay=2   from-*-via-*-via-*-to  (2 vias max)
 
+           var maxPathLength = maxViaWay * 2 + 3;
+           var turns = [];
+           step(start);
+           return turns; // traverse the intersection graph and find all the valid paths
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.reflink(src, this.tokens.links)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+           function step(entity, currPath, currRestrictions, matchedRestriction) {
+             currPath = (currPath || []).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-                 if (token.type === 'link') {
-                   token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
-                 }
+             if (currPath.length >= maxPathLength) return;
+             currPath.push(entity.id);
+             currRestrictions = (currRestrictions || []).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // strong
+             var i, j;
 
+             if (entity.type === 'node') {
+               var parents = vgraph.parentWays(entity);
+               var nextWays = []; // which ways can we step into?
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.strong(src, maskedSrc, prevChar)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // em
+               for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+                 var way = parents[i]; // if next way is a oneway incoming to this vertex, skip
 
+                 if (way.__oneWay && way.nodes[0] !== entity.id) continue; // if we have seen it before (allowing for an initial u-turn), skip
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.em(src, maskedSrc, prevChar)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // code
+                 if (currPath.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 && currPath.length >= 3) continue; // Check all "current" restrictions (where we've already walked the `FROM`)
 
+                 var restrict = null;
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.codespan(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // br
+                 for (j = 0; j < currRestrictions.length; j++) {
+                   var restriction = currRestrictions[j];
+                   var f = restriction.memberByRole('from');
+                   var v = restriction.membersByRole('via');
+                   var t = restriction.memberByRole('to');
+                   var isOnly = /^only_/.test(restriction.tags.restriction); // Does the current path match this turn restriction?
 
+                   var matchesFrom = f.id === fromWayId;
+                   var matchesViaTo = false;
+                   var isAlongOnlyPath = false;
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.br(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // del (gfm)
+                   if (t.id === way.id) {
+                     // match TO
+                     if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {
+                       // match VIA node
+                       matchesViaTo = v[0].id === entity.id && (matchesFrom && currPath.length === 2 || !matchesFrom && currPath.length > 2);
+                     } else {
+                       // match all VIA ways
+                       var pathVias = [];
 
+                       for (k = 2; k < currPath.length; k += 2) {
+                         // k = 2 skips FROM
+                         pathVias.push(currPath[k]); // (path goes way-node-way...)
+                       }
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.del(src)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // autolink
+                       var restrictionVias = [];
 
+                       for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
+                         if (v[k].type === 'way') {
+                           restrictionVias.push(v[k].id);
+                         }
+                       }
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.autolink(src, mangle)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // url (gfm)
+                       var diff = utilArrayDifference(pathVias, restrictionVias);
+                       matchesViaTo = !diff.length;
+                     }
+                   } else if (isOnly) {
+                     for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
+                       // way doesn't match TO, but is one of the via ways along the path of an "only"
+                       if (v[k].type === 'way' && v[k].id === way.id) {
+                         isAlongOnlyPath = true;
+                         break;
+                       }
+                     }
+                   }
 
+                   if (matchesViaTo) {
+                     if (isOnly) {
+                       restrict = {
+                         id: restriction.id,
+                         direct: matchesFrom,
+                         from: f.id,
+                         only: true,
+                         end: true
+                       };
+                     } else {
+                       restrict = {
+                         id: restriction.id,
+                         direct: matchesFrom,
+                         from: f.id,
+                         no: true,
+                         end: true
+                       };
+                     }
+                   } else {
+                     // indirect - caused by a different nearby restriction
+                     if (isAlongOnlyPath) {
+                       restrict = {
+                         id: restriction.id,
+                         direct: false,
+                         from: f.id,
+                         only: true,
+                         end: false
+                       };
+                     } else if (isOnly) {
+                       restrict = {
+                         id: restriction.id,
+                         direct: false,
+                         from: f.id,
+                         no: true,
+                         end: true
+                       };
+                     }
+                   } // stop looking if we find a "direct" restriction (matching FROM, VIA, TO)
 
-               if (!inLink && (token = this.tokenizer.url(src, mangle))) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
-               } // text
 
+                   if (restrict && restrict.direct) break;
+                 }
 
-               if (token = this.tokenizer.inlineText(src, inRawBlock, smartypants)) {
-                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-                 prevChar = token.raw.slice(-1);
-                 tokens.push(token);
-                 continue;
+                 nextWays.push({
+                   way: way,
+                   restrict: restrict
+                 });
                }
 
-               if (src) {
-                 var errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
+               nextWays.forEach(function (nextWay) {
+                 step(nextWay.way, currPath, currRestrictions, nextWay.restrict);
+               });
+             } else {
+               // entity.type === 'way'
+               if (currPath.length >= 3) {
+                 // this is a "complete" path..
+                 var turnPath = currPath.slice(); // shallow copy
+                 // an indirect restriction - only include the partial path (starting at FROM)
 
-                 if (this.options.silent) {
-                   console.error(errMsg);
-                   break;
-                 } else {
-                   throw new Error(errMsg);
+                 if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.direct === false) {
+                   for (i = 0; i < turnPath.length; i++) {
+                     if (turnPath[i] === matchedRestriction.from) {
+                       turnPath = turnPath.slice(i);
+                       break;
+                     }
+                   }
                  }
-               }
-             }
-
-             return tokens;
-           }
-         }], [{
-           key: "lex",
-
-           /**
-            * Static Lex Method
-            */
-           value: function lex(src, options) {
-             var lexer = new Lexer(options);
-             return lexer.lex(src);
-           }
-           /**
-            * Static Lex Inline Method
-            */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "lexInline",
-           value: function lexInline(src, options) {
-             var lexer = new Lexer(options);
-             return lexer.inlineTokens(src);
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "rules",
-           get: function get() {
-             return {
-               block: block$1,
-               inline: inline$1
-             };
-           }
-         }]);
+                 var turn = pathToTurn(turnPath);
 
-         return Lexer;
-       }();
+                 if (turn) {
+                   if (matchedRestriction) {
+                     turn.restrictionID = matchedRestriction.id;
+                     turn.no = matchedRestriction.no;
+                     turn.only = matchedRestriction.only;
+                     turn.direct = matchedRestriction.direct;
+                   }
 
-       var defaults$3 = defaults.defaults;
-       var cleanUrl$1 = helpers.cleanUrl,
-           escape$2 = helpers.escape;
-       /**
-        * Renderer
-        */
+                   turns.push(osmTurn(turn));
+                 }
 
-       var Renderer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function Renderer(options) {
-           _classCallCheck(this, Renderer);
+                 if (currPath[0] === currPath[2]) return; // if we made a u-turn - stop here
+               }
 
-           this.options = options || defaults$3;
-         }
+               if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.end) return; // don't advance any further
+               // which nodes can we step into?
 
-         _createClass(Renderer, [{
-           key: "code",
-           value: function code(_code, infostring, escaped) {
-             var lang = (infostring || '').match(/\S*/)[0];
+               var n1 = vgraph.entity(entity.first());
+               var n2 = vgraph.entity(entity.last());
+               var dist = geoSphericalDistance(n1.loc, n2.loc);
+               var nextNodes = [];
 
-             if (this.options.highlight) {
-               var out = this.options.highlight(_code, lang);
+               if (currPath.length > 1) {
+                 if (dist > maxDistance) return; // the next node is too far
 
-               if (out != null && out !== _code) {
-                 escaped = true;
-                 _code = out;
+                 if (!entity.__via) return; // this way is a leaf / can't be a via
                }
-             }
 
-             if (!lang) {
-               return '<pre><code>' + (escaped ? _code : escape$2(_code, true)) + '</code></pre>\n';
-             }
+               if (!entity.__oneWay && // bidirectional..
+               keyVertexIds.indexOf(n1.id) !== -1 && // key vertex..
+               currPath.indexOf(n1.id) === -1) {
+                 // haven't seen it yet..
+                 nextNodes.push(n1); // can advance to first node
+               }
 
-             return '<pre><code class="' + this.options.langPrefix + escape$2(lang, true) + '">' + (escaped ? _code : escape$2(_code, true)) + '</code></pre>\n';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "blockquote",
-           value: function blockquote(quote) {
-             return '<blockquote>\n' + quote + '</blockquote>\n';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "html",
-           value: function html(_html) {
-             return _html;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "heading",
-           value: function heading(text, level, raw, slugger) {
-             if (this.options.headerIds) {
-               return '<h' + level + ' id="' + this.options.headerPrefix + slugger.slug(raw) + '">' + text + '</h' + level + '>\n';
-             } // ignore IDs
+               if (keyVertexIds.indexOf(n2.id) !== -1 && // key vertex..
+               currPath.indexOf(n2.id) === -1) {
+                 // haven't seen it yet..
+                 nextNodes.push(n2); // can advance to last node
+               }
 
+               nextNodes.forEach(function (nextNode) {
+                 // gather restrictions FROM this way
+                 var fromRestrictions = vgraph.parentRelations(entity).filter(function (r) {
+                   if (!r.isRestriction()) return false;
+                   var f = r.memberByRole('from');
+                   if (!f || f.id !== entity.id) return false;
+                   var isOnly = /^only_/.test(r.tags.restriction);
+                   if (!isOnly) return true; // `only_` restrictions only matter along the direction of the VIA - #4849
 
-             return '<h' + level + '>' + text + '</h' + level + '>\n';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "hr",
-           value: function hr() {
-             return this.options.xhtml ? '<hr/>\n' : '<hr>\n';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "list",
-           value: function list(body, ordered, start) {
-             var type = ordered ? 'ol' : 'ul',
-                 startatt = ordered && start !== 1 ? ' start="' + start + '"' : '';
-             return '<' + type + startatt + '>\n' + body + '</' + type + '>\n';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "listitem",
-           value: function listitem(text) {
-             return '<li>' + text + '</li>\n';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "checkbox",
-           value: function checkbox(checked) {
-             return '<input ' + (checked ? 'checked="" ' : '') + 'disabled="" type="checkbox"' + (this.options.xhtml ? ' /' : '') + '> ';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "paragraph",
-           value: function paragraph(text) {
-             return '<p>' + text + '</p>\n';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "table",
-           value: function table(header, body) {
-             if (body) body = '<tbody>' + body + '</tbody>';
-             return '<table>\n' + '<thead>\n' + header + '</thead>\n' + body + '</table>\n';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "tablerow",
-           value: function tablerow(content) {
-             return '<tr>\n' + content + '</tr>\n';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "tablecell",
-           value: function tablecell(content, flags) {
-             var type = flags.header ? 'th' : 'td';
-             var tag = flags.align ? '<' + type + ' align="' + flags.align + '">' : '<' + type + '>';
-             return tag + content + '</' + type + '>\n';
-           } // span level renderer
+                   var isOnlyVia = false;
+                   var v = r.membersByRole('via');
 
-         }, {
-           key: "strong",
-           value: function strong(text) {
-             return '<strong>' + text + '</strong>';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "em",
-           value: function em(text) {
-             return '<em>' + text + '</em>';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "codespan",
-           value: function codespan(text) {
-             return '<code>' + text + '</code>';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "br",
-           value: function br() {
-             return this.options.xhtml ? '<br/>' : '<br>';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "del",
-           value: function del(text) {
-             return '<del>' + text + '</del>';
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "link",
-           value: function link(href, title, text) {
-             href = cleanUrl$1(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
+                   if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {
+                     // via node
+                     isOnlyVia = v[0].id === nextNode.id;
+                   } else {
+                     // via way(s)
+                     for (var i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
+                       if (v[i].type !== 'way') continue;
+                       var viaWay = vgraph.entity(v[i].id);
 
-             if (href === null) {
-               return text;
+                       if (viaWay.first() === nextNode.id || viaWay.last() === nextNode.id) {
+                         isOnlyVia = true;
+                         break;
+                       }
+                     }
+                   }
+
+                   return isOnlyVia;
+                 });
+                 step(nextNode, currPath, currRestrictions.concat(fromRestrictions), false);
+               });
              }
+           } // assumes path is alternating way-node-way of odd length
 
-             var out = '<a href="' + escape$2(href) + '"';
 
-             if (title) {
-               out += ' title="' + title + '"';
-             }
+           function pathToTurn(path) {
+             if (path.length < 3) return;
+             var fromWayId, fromNodeId, fromVertexId;
+             var toWayId, toNodeId, toVertexId;
+             var viaWayIds, viaNodeId, isUturn;
+             fromWayId = path[0];
+             toWayId = path[path.length - 1];
 
-             out += '>' + text + '</a>';
-             return out;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "image",
-           value: function image(href, title, text) {
-             href = cleanUrl$1(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
+             if (path.length === 3 && fromWayId === toWayId) {
+               // u turn
+               var way = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
+               if (way.__oneWay) return null;
+               isUturn = true;
+               viaNodeId = fromVertexId = toVertexId = path[1];
+               fromNodeId = toNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, viaNodeId);
+             } else {
+               isUturn = false;
+               fromVertexId = path[1];
+               fromNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, fromVertexId);
+               toVertexId = path[path.length - 2];
+               toNodeId = adjacentNode(toWayId, toVertexId);
 
-             if (href === null) {
-               return text;
+               if (path.length === 3) {
+                 viaNodeId = path[1];
+               } else {
+                 viaWayIds = path.filter(function (entityId) {
+                   return entityId[0] === 'w';
+                 });
+                 viaWayIds = viaWayIds.slice(1, viaWayIds.length - 1); // remove first, last
+               }
              }
 
-             var out = '<img src="' + href + '" alt="' + text + '"';
+             return {
+               key: path.join('_'),
+               path: path,
+               from: {
+                 node: fromNodeId,
+                 way: fromWayId,
+                 vertex: fromVertexId
+               },
+               via: {
+                 node: viaNodeId,
+                 ways: viaWayIds
+               },
+               to: {
+                 node: toNodeId,
+                 way: toWayId,
+                 vertex: toVertexId
+               },
+               u: isUturn
+             };
 
-             if (title) {
-               out += ' title="' + title + '"';
+             function adjacentNode(wayId, affixId) {
+               var nodes = vgraph.entity(wayId).nodes;
+               return affixId === nodes[0] ? nodes[1] : nodes[nodes.length - 2];
              }
-
-             out += this.options.xhtml ? '/>' : '>';
-             return out;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "text",
-           value: function text(_text) {
-             return _text;
            }
-         }]);
+         };
 
-         return Renderer;
-       }();
+         return intersection;
+       }
+       function osmInferRestriction(graph, turn, projection) {
+         var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
+         var fromNode = graph.entity(turn.from.node);
+         var fromVertex = graph.entity(turn.from.vertex);
+         var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
+         var toNode = graph.entity(turn.to.node);
+         var toVertex = graph.entity(turn.to.vertex);
+         var fromOneWay = fromWay.tags.oneway === 'yes';
+         var toOneWay = toWay.tags.oneway === 'yes';
+         var angle = (geoAngle(fromVertex, fromNode, projection) - geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI;
 
-       /**
-        * TextRenderer
-        * returns only the textual part of the token
-        */
-       var TextRenderer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function TextRenderer() {
-           _classCallCheck(this, TextRenderer);
+         while (angle < 0) {
+           angle += 360;
          }
 
-         _createClass(TextRenderer, [{
-           key: "strong",
-           // no need for block level renderers
-           value: function strong(text) {
-             return text;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "em",
-           value: function em(text) {
-             return text;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "codespan",
-           value: function codespan(text) {
-             return text;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "del",
-           value: function del(text) {
-             return text;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "html",
-           value: function html(text) {
-             return text;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "text",
-           value: function text(_text) {
-             return _text;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "link",
-           value: function link(href, title, text) {
-             return '' + text;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "image",
-           value: function image(href, title, text) {
-             return '' + text;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "br",
-           value: function br() {
-             return '';
-           }
-         }]);
+         if (fromNode === toNode) {
+           return 'no_u_turn';
+         }
 
-         return TextRenderer;
-       }();
+         if ((angle < 23 || angle > 336) && fromOneWay && toOneWay) {
+           return 'no_u_turn'; // wider tolerance for u-turn if both ways are oneway
+         }
 
-       /**
-        * Slugger generates header id
-        */
-       var Slugger_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function Slugger() {
-           _classCallCheck(this, Slugger);
+         if ((angle < 40 || angle > 319) && fromOneWay && toOneWay && turn.from.vertex !== turn.to.vertex) {
+           return 'no_u_turn'; // even wider tolerance for u-turn if there is a via way (from !== to)
+         }
 
-           this.seen = {};
+         if (angle < 158) {
+           return 'no_right_turn';
          }
 
-         _createClass(Slugger, [{
-           key: "serialize",
-           value: function serialize(value) {
-             return value.toLowerCase().trim() // remove html tags
-             .replace(/<[!\/a-z].*?>/ig, '') // remove unwanted chars
-             .replace(/[\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\\'!"#$%&()*+,./:;<=>?@[\]^`{|}~]/g, '').replace(/\s/g, '-');
+         if (angle > 202) {
+           return 'no_left_turn';
+         }
+
+         return 'no_straight_on';
+       }
+
+       function actionMergePolygon(ids, newRelationId) {
+         function groupEntities(graph) {
+           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           var geometryGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function (entity) {
+             if (entity.type === 'way' && entity.isClosed()) {
+               return 'closedWay';
+             } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
+               return 'multipolygon';
+             } else {
+               return 'other';
+             }
+           });
+           return Object.assign({
+             closedWay: [],
+             multipolygon: [],
+             other: []
+           }, geometryGroups);
+         }
+
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var entities = groupEntities(graph); // An array representing all the polygons that are part of the multipolygon.
+           //
+           // Each element is itself an array of objects with an id property, and has a
+           // locs property which is an array of the locations forming the polygon.
+
+           var polygons = entities.multipolygon.reduce(function (polygons, m) {
+             return polygons.concat(osmJoinWays(m.members, graph));
+           }, []).concat(entities.closedWay.map(function (d) {
+             var member = [{
+               id: d.id
+             }];
+             member.nodes = graph.childNodes(d);
+             return member;
+           })); // contained is an array of arrays of boolean values,
+           // where contained[j][k] is true iff the jth way is
+           // contained by the kth way.
+
+           var contained = polygons.map(function (w, i) {
+             return polygons.map(function (d, n) {
+               if (i === n) return null;
+               return geoPolygonContainsPolygon(d.nodes.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.loc;
+               }), w.nodes.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.loc;
+               }));
+             });
+           }); // Sort all polygons as either outer or inner ways
+
+           var members = [];
+           var outer = true;
+
+           while (polygons.length) {
+             extractUncontained(polygons);
+             polygons = polygons.filter(isContained);
+             contained = contained.filter(isContained).map(filterContained);
            }
-           /**
-            * Finds the next safe (unique) slug to use
-            */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "getNextSafeSlug",
-           value: function getNextSafeSlug(originalSlug, isDryRun) {
-             var slug = originalSlug;
-             var occurenceAccumulator = 0;
+           function isContained(d, i) {
+             return contained[i].some(function (val) {
+               return val;
+             });
+           }
 
-             if (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug)) {
-               occurenceAccumulator = this.seen[originalSlug];
+           function filterContained(d) {
+             return d.filter(isContained);
+           }
 
-               do {
-                 occurenceAccumulator++;
-                 slug = originalSlug + '-' + occurenceAccumulator;
-               } while (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug));
+           function extractUncontained(polygons) {
+             polygons.forEach(function (d, i) {
+               if (!isContained(d, i)) {
+                 d.forEach(function (member) {
+                   members.push({
+                     type: 'way',
+                     id: member.id,
+                     role: outer ? 'outer' : 'inner'
+                   });
+                 });
+               }
+             });
+             outer = !outer;
+           } // Move all tags to one relation
+
+
+           var relation = entities.multipolygon[0] || osmRelation({
+             id: newRelationId,
+             tags: {
+               type: 'multipolygon'
+             }
+           });
+           entities.multipolygon.slice(1).forEach(function (m) {
+             relation = relation.mergeTags(m.tags);
+             graph = graph.remove(m);
+           });
+           entities.closedWay.forEach(function (way) {
+             function isThisOuter(m) {
+               return m.id === way.id && m.role !== 'inner';
              }
 
-             if (!isDryRun) {
-               this.seen[originalSlug] = occurenceAccumulator;
-               this.seen[slug] = 0;
+             if (members.some(isThisOuter)) {
+               relation = relation.mergeTags(way.tags);
+               graph = graph.replace(way.update({
+                 tags: {}
+               }));
              }
+           });
+           return graph.replace(relation.update({
+             members: members,
+             tags: utilObjectOmit(relation.tags, ['area'])
+           }));
+         };
 
-             return slug;
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var entities = groupEntities(graph);
+
+           if (entities.other.length > 0 || entities.closedWay.length + entities.multipolygon.length < 2) {
+             return 'not_eligible';
            }
-           /**
-            * Convert string to unique id
-            * @param {object} options
-            * @param {boolean} options.dryrun Generates the next unique slug without updating the internal accumulator.
-            */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "slug",
-           value: function slug(value) {
-             var options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
-             var slug = this.serialize(value);
-             return this.getNextSafeSlug(slug, options.dryrun);
+           if (!entities.multipolygon.every(function (r) {
+             return r.isComplete(graph);
+           })) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
            }
-         }]);
 
-         return Slugger;
-       }();
+           if (!entities.multipolygon.length) {
+             var sharedMultipolygons = [];
+             entities.closedWay.forEach(function (way, i) {
+               if (i === 0) {
+                 sharedMultipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(way);
+               } else {
+                 sharedMultipolygons = utilArrayIntersection(sharedMultipolygons, graph.parentMultipolygons(way));
+               }
+             });
+             sharedMultipolygons = sharedMultipolygons.filter(function (relation) {
+               return relation.members.length === entities.closedWay.length;
+             });
 
-       var defaults$4 = defaults.defaults;
-       var unescape$2 = helpers.unescape;
-       /**
-        * Parsing & Compiling
-        */
+             if (sharedMultipolygons.length) {
+               // don't create a new multipolygon if it'd be redundant
+               return 'not_eligible';
+             }
+           } else if (entities.closedWay.some(function (way) {
+             return utilArrayIntersection(graph.parentMultipolygons(way), entities.multipolygon).length;
+           })) {
+             // don't add a way to a multipolygon again if it's already a member
+             return 'not_eligible';
+           }
+         };
 
-       var Parser_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function Parser(options) {
-           _classCallCheck(this, Parser);
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           this.options = options || defaults$4;
-           this.options.renderer = this.options.renderer || new Renderer_1();
-           this.renderer = this.options.renderer;
-           this.renderer.options = this.options;
-           this.textRenderer = new TextRenderer_1();
-           this.slugger = new Slugger_1();
-         }
-         /**
-          * Static Parse Method
-          */
+       var DESCRIPTORS = descriptors;
+       var objectDefinePropertyModule = objectDefineProperty;
+       var regExpFlags = regexpFlags$1;
+       var fails$4 = fails$N;
 
+       var FORCED$2 = DESCRIPTORS && fails$4(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+         return Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(RegExp.prototype, 'flags').get.call({ dotAll: true, sticky: true }) !== 'sy';
+       });
 
-         _createClass(Parser, [{
-           key: "parse",
+       // `RegExp.prototype.flags` getter
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-regexp.prototype.flags
+       if (FORCED$2) objectDefinePropertyModule.f(RegExp.prototype, 'flags', {
+         configurable: true,
+         get: regExpFlags
+       });
 
-           /**
-            * Parse Loop
-            */
-           value: function parse(tokens) {
-             var top = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : true;
-             var out = '',
-                 i,
-                 j,
-                 k,
-                 l2,
-                 l3,
-                 row,
-                 cell,
-                 header,
-                 body,
-                 token,
-                 ordered,
-                 start,
-                 loose,
-                 itemBody,
-                 item,
-                 checked,
-                 task,
-                 checkbox;
-             var l = tokens.length;
+       var fastDeepEqual = function equal(a, b) {
+         if (a === b) return true;
 
-             for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-               token = tokens[i];
+         if (a && b && _typeof(a) == 'object' && _typeof(b) == 'object') {
+           if (a.constructor !== b.constructor) return false;
+           var length, i, keys;
 
-               switch (token.type) {
-                 case 'space':
-                   {
-                     continue;
-                   }
+           if (Array.isArray(a)) {
+             length = a.length;
+             if (length != b.length) return false;
 
-                 case 'hr':
-                   {
-                     out += this.renderer.hr();
-                     continue;
-                   }
+             for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
+               if (!equal(a[i], b[i])) return false;
+             }
 
-                 case 'heading':
-                   {
-                     out += this.renderer.heading(this.parseInline(token.tokens), token.depth, unescape$2(this.parseInline(token.tokens, this.textRenderer)), this.slugger);
-                     continue;
-                   }
+             return true;
+           }
 
-                 case 'code':
-                   {
-                     out += this.renderer.code(token.text, token.lang, token.escaped);
-                     continue;
-                   }
+           if (a.constructor === RegExp) return a.source === b.source && a.flags === b.flags;
+           if (a.valueOf !== Object.prototype.valueOf) return a.valueOf() === b.valueOf();
+           if (a.toString !== Object.prototype.toString) return a.toString() === b.toString();
+           keys = Object.keys(a);
+           length = keys.length;
+           if (length !== Object.keys(b).length) return false;
 
-                 case 'table':
-                   {
-                     header = ''; // header
+           for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
+             if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(b, keys[i])) return false;
+           }
 
-                     cell = '';
-                     l2 = token.header.length;
+           for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
+             var key = keys[i];
+             if (!equal(a[key], b[key])) return false;
+           }
 
-                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                       cell += this.renderer.tablecell(this.parseInline(token.tokens.header[j]), {
-                         header: true,
-                         align: token.align[j]
-                       });
-                     }
+           return true;
+         } // true if both NaN, false otherwise
 
-                     header += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);
-                     body = '';
-                     l2 = token.cells.length;
 
-                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                       row = token.tokens.cells[j];
-                       cell = '';
-                       l3 = row.length;
+         return a !== a && b !== b;
+       };
 
-                       for (k = 0; k < l3; k++) {
-                         cell += this.renderer.tablecell(this.parseInline(row[k]), {
-                           header: false,
-                           align: token.align[k]
-                         });
-                       }
+       // J. W. Hunt and M. D. McIlroy, An algorithm for differential buffer
+       // comparison, Bell Telephone Laboratories CSTR #41 (1976)
+       // http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~doug/
+       // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_subsequence_problem
+       //
+       // Expects two arrays, finds longest common sequence
 
-                       body += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);
-                     }
+       function LCS(buffer1, buffer2) {
+         var equivalenceClasses = {};
+
+         for (var j = 0; j < buffer2.length; j++) {
+           var item = buffer2[j];
+
+           if (equivalenceClasses[item]) {
+             equivalenceClasses[item].push(j);
+           } else {
+             equivalenceClasses[item] = [j];
+           }
+         }
+
+         var NULLRESULT = {
+           buffer1index: -1,
+           buffer2index: -1,
+           chain: null
+         };
+         var candidates = [NULLRESULT];
+
+         for (var i = 0; i < buffer1.length; i++) {
+           var _item = buffer1[i];
+           var buffer2indices = equivalenceClasses[_item] || [];
+           var r = 0;
+           var c = candidates[0];
+
+           for (var jx = 0; jx < buffer2indices.length; jx++) {
+             var _j = buffer2indices[jx];
+             var s = void 0;
+
+             for (s = r; s < candidates.length; s++) {
+               if (candidates[s].buffer2index < _j && (s === candidates.length - 1 || candidates[s + 1].buffer2index > _j)) {
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+
+             if (s < candidates.length) {
+               var newCandidate = {
+                 buffer1index: i,
+                 buffer2index: _j,
+                 chain: candidates[s]
+               };
 
-                     out += this.renderer.table(header, body);
-                     continue;
-                   }
+               if (r === candidates.length) {
+                 candidates.push(c);
+               } else {
+                 candidates[r] = c;
+               }
 
-                 case 'blockquote':
-                   {
-                     body = this.parse(token.tokens);
-                     out += this.renderer.blockquote(body);
-                     continue;
-                   }
+               r = s + 1;
+               c = newCandidate;
 
-                 case 'list':
-                   {
-                     ordered = token.ordered;
-                     start = token.start;
-                     loose = token.loose;
-                     l2 = token.items.length;
-                     body = '';
+               if (r === candidates.length) {
+                 break; // no point in examining further (j)s
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                       item = token.items[j];
-                       checked = item.checked;
-                       task = item.task;
-                       itemBody = '';
+           candidates[r] = c;
+         } // At this point, we know the LCS: it's in the reverse of the
+         // linked-list through .chain of candidates[candidates.length - 1].
 
-                       if (item.task) {
-                         checkbox = this.renderer.checkbox(checked);
 
-                         if (loose) {
-                           if (item.tokens.length > 0 && item.tokens[0].type === 'text') {
-                             item.tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].text;
+         return candidates[candidates.length - 1];
+       } // We apply the LCS to build a 'comm'-style picture of the
+       // offsets and lengths of mismatched chunks in the input
+       // buffers. This is used by diff3MergeRegions.
 
-                             if (item.tokens[0].tokens && item.tokens[0].tokens.length > 0 && item.tokens[0].tokens[0].type === 'text') {
-                               item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text;
-                             }
-                           } else {
-                             item.tokens.unshift({
-                               type: 'text',
-                               text: checkbox
-                             });
-                           }
-                         } else {
-                           itemBody += checkbox;
-                         }
-                       }
 
-                       itemBody += this.parse(item.tokens, loose);
-                       body += this.renderer.listitem(itemBody, task, checked);
-                     }
+       function diffIndices(buffer1, buffer2) {
+         var lcs = LCS(buffer1, buffer2);
+         var result = [];
+         var tail1 = buffer1.length;
+         var tail2 = buffer2.length;
 
-                     out += this.renderer.list(body, ordered, start);
-                     continue;
-                   }
+         for (var candidate = lcs; candidate !== null; candidate = candidate.chain) {
+           var mismatchLength1 = tail1 - candidate.buffer1index - 1;
+           var mismatchLength2 = tail2 - candidate.buffer2index - 1;
+           tail1 = candidate.buffer1index;
+           tail2 = candidate.buffer2index;
 
-                 case 'html':
-                   {
-                     // TODO parse inline content if parameter markdown=1
-                     out += this.renderer.html(token.text);
-                     continue;
-                   }
+           if (mismatchLength1 || mismatchLength2) {
+             result.push({
+               buffer1: [tail1 + 1, mismatchLength1],
+               buffer1Content: buffer1.slice(tail1 + 1, tail1 + 1 + mismatchLength1),
+               buffer2: [tail2 + 1, mismatchLength2],
+               buffer2Content: buffer2.slice(tail2 + 1, tail2 + 1 + mismatchLength2)
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-                 case 'paragraph':
-                   {
-                     out += this.renderer.paragraph(this.parseInline(token.tokens));
-                     continue;
-                   }
+         result.reverse();
+         return result;
+       } // We apply the LCS to build a JSON representation of a
+       // independently derived from O, returns a fairly complicated
+       // internal representation of merge decisions it's taken. The
+       // interested reader may wish to consult
+       //
+       // Sanjeev Khanna, Keshav Kunal, and Benjamin C. Pierce.
+       // 'A Formal Investigation of ' In Arvind and Prasad,
+       // editors, Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical
+       // Computer Science (FSTTCS), December 2007.
+       //
+       // (http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/papers/diff3-short.pdf)
+       //
 
-                 case 'text':
-                   {
-                     body = token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text;
 
-                     while (i + 1 < l && tokens[i + 1].type === 'text') {
-                       token = tokens[++i];
-                       body += '\n' + (token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text);
-                     }
+       function diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b) {
+         // "hunks" are array subsets where `a` or `b` are different from `o`
+         // https://www.gnu.org/software/diffutils/manual/html_node/diff3-Hunks.html
+         var hunks = [];
 
-                     out += top ? this.renderer.paragraph(body) : body;
-                     continue;
-                   }
+         function addHunk(h, ab) {
+           hunks.push({
+             ab: ab,
+             oStart: h.buffer1[0],
+             oLength: h.buffer1[1],
+             // length of o to remove
+             abStart: h.buffer2[0],
+             abLength: h.buffer2[1] // length of a/b to insert
+             // abContent: (ab === 'a' ? a : b).slice(h.buffer2[0], h.buffer2[0] + h.buffer2[1])
 
-                 default:
-                   {
-                     var errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
+           });
+         }
 
-                     if (this.options.silent) {
-                       console.error(errMsg);
-                       return;
-                     } else {
-                       throw new Error(errMsg);
-                     }
-                   }
-               }
-             }
+         diffIndices(o, a).forEach(function (item) {
+           return addHunk(item, 'a');
+         });
+         diffIndices(o, b).forEach(function (item) {
+           return addHunk(item, 'b');
+         });
+         hunks.sort(function (x, y) {
+           return x.oStart - y.oStart;
+         });
+         var results = [];
+         var currOffset = 0;
 
-             return out;
+         function advanceTo(endOffset) {
+           if (endOffset > currOffset) {
+             results.push({
+               stable: true,
+               buffer: 'o',
+               bufferStart: currOffset,
+               bufferLength: endOffset - currOffset,
+               bufferContent: o.slice(currOffset, endOffset)
+             });
+             currOffset = endOffset;
            }
-           /**
-            * Parse Inline Tokens
-            */
-
-         }, {
-           key: "parseInline",
-           value: function parseInline(tokens, renderer) {
-             renderer = renderer || this.renderer;
-             var out = '',
-                 i,
-                 token;
-             var l = tokens.length;
+         }
 
-             for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-               token = tokens[i];
+         while (hunks.length) {
+           var hunk = hunks.shift();
+           var regionStart = hunk.oStart;
+           var regionEnd = hunk.oStart + hunk.oLength;
+           var regionHunks = [hunk];
+           advanceTo(regionStart); // Try to pull next overlapping hunk into this region
 
-               switch (token.type) {
-                 case 'escape':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.text(token.text);
-                     break;
-                   }
+           while (hunks.length) {
+             var nextHunk = hunks[0];
+             var nextHunkStart = nextHunk.oStart;
+             if (nextHunkStart > regionEnd) break; // no overlap
 
-                 case 'html':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.html(token.text);
-                     break;
-                   }
+             regionEnd = Math.max(regionEnd, nextHunkStart + nextHunk.oLength);
+             regionHunks.push(hunks.shift());
+           }
 
-                 case 'link':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.link(token.href, token.title, this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
-                     break;
-                   }
+           if (regionHunks.length === 1) {
+             // Only one hunk touches this region, meaning that there is no conflict here.
+             // Either `a` or `b` is inserting into a region of `o` unchanged by the other.
+             if (hunk.abLength > 0) {
+               var buffer = hunk.ab === 'a' ? a : b;
+               results.push({
+                 stable: true,
+                 buffer: hunk.ab,
+                 bufferStart: hunk.abStart,
+                 bufferLength: hunk.abLength,
+                 bufferContent: buffer.slice(hunk.abStart, hunk.abStart + hunk.abLength)
+               });
+             }
+           } else {
+             // A true a/b conflict. Determine the bounds involved from `a`, `o`, and `b`.
+             // Effectively merge all the `a` hunks into one giant hunk, then do the
+             // same for the `b` hunks; then, correct for skew in the regions of `o`
+             // that each side changed, and report appropriate spans for the three sides.
+             var bounds = {
+               a: [a.length, -1, o.length, -1],
+               b: [b.length, -1, o.length, -1]
+             };
 
-                 case 'image':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.image(token.href, token.title, token.text);
-                     break;
-                   }
+             while (regionHunks.length) {
+               hunk = regionHunks.shift();
+               var oStart = hunk.oStart;
+               var oEnd = oStart + hunk.oLength;
+               var abStart = hunk.abStart;
+               var abEnd = abStart + hunk.abLength;
+               var _b = bounds[hunk.ab];
+               _b[0] = Math.min(abStart, _b[0]);
+               _b[1] = Math.max(abEnd, _b[1]);
+               _b[2] = Math.min(oStart, _b[2]);
+               _b[3] = Math.max(oEnd, _b[3]);
+             }
 
-                 case 'strong':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.strong(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
-                     break;
-                   }
+             var aStart = bounds.a[0] + (regionStart - bounds.a[2]);
+             var aEnd = bounds.a[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.a[3]);
+             var bStart = bounds.b[0] + (regionStart - bounds.b[2]);
+             var bEnd = bounds.b[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.b[3]);
+             var result = {
+               stable: false,
+               aStart: aStart,
+               aLength: aEnd - aStart,
+               aContent: a.slice(aStart, aEnd),
+               oStart: regionStart,
+               oLength: regionEnd - regionStart,
+               oContent: o.slice(regionStart, regionEnd),
+               bStart: bStart,
+               bLength: bEnd - bStart,
+               bContent: b.slice(bStart, bEnd)
+             };
+             results.push(result);
+           }
 
-                 case 'em':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.em(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
-                     break;
-                   }
+           currOffset = regionEnd;
+         }
 
-                 case 'codespan':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.codespan(token.text);
-                     break;
-                   }
+         advanceTo(o.length);
+         return results;
+       } // Applies the output of diff3MergeRegions to actually
+       // construct the merged buffer; the returned result alternates
+       // between 'ok' and 'conflict' blocks.
+       // A "false conflict" is where `a` and `b` both change the same from `o`
 
-                 case 'br':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.br();
-                     break;
-                   }
 
-                 case 'del':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.del(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
-                     break;
-                   }
+       function diff3Merge(a, o, b, options) {
+         var defaults = {
+           excludeFalseConflicts: true,
+           stringSeparator: /\s+/
+         };
+         options = Object.assign(defaults, options);
+         var aString = typeof a === 'string';
+         var oString = typeof o === 'string';
+         var bString = typeof b === 'string';
+         if (aString) a = a.split(options.stringSeparator);
+         if (oString) o = o.split(options.stringSeparator);
+         if (bString) b = b.split(options.stringSeparator);
+         var results = [];
+         var regions = diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b);
+         var okBuffer = [];
 
-                 case 'text':
-                   {
-                     out += renderer.text(token.text);
-                     break;
-                   }
+         function flushOk() {
+           if (okBuffer.length) {
+             results.push({
+               ok: okBuffer
+             });
+           }
 
-                 default:
-                   {
-                     var errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
+           okBuffer = [];
+         }
 
-                     if (this.options.silent) {
-                       console.error(errMsg);
-                       return;
-                     } else {
-                       throw new Error(errMsg);
-                     }
-                   }
-               }
-             }
+         function isFalseConflict(a, b) {
+           if (a.length !== b.length) return false;
 
-             return out;
-           }
-         }], [{
-           key: "parse",
-           value: function parse(tokens, options) {
-             var parser = new Parser(options);
-             return parser.parse(tokens);
+           for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+             if (a[i] !== b[i]) return false;
            }
-           /**
-            * Static Parse Inline Method
-            */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "parseInline",
-           value: function parseInline(tokens, options) {
-             var parser = new Parser(options);
-             return parser.parseInline(tokens);
-           }
-         }]);
+           return true;
+         }
 
-         return Parser;
-       }();
+         regions.forEach(function (region) {
+           if (region.stable) {
+             var _okBuffer;
 
-       var merge$3 = helpers.merge,
-           checkSanitizeDeprecation$1 = helpers.checkSanitizeDeprecation,
-           escape$3 = helpers.escape;
-       var getDefaults = defaults.getDefaults,
-           changeDefaults = defaults.changeDefaults,
-           defaults$5 = defaults.defaults;
-       /**
-        * Marked
-        */
+             (_okBuffer = okBuffer).push.apply(_okBuffer, _toConsumableArray(region.bufferContent));
+           } else {
+             if (options.excludeFalseConflicts && isFalseConflict(region.aContent, region.bContent)) {
+               var _okBuffer2;
 
-       function marked(src, opt, callback) {
-         // throw error in case of non string input
-         if (typeof src === 'undefined' || src === null) {
-           throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is undefined or null');
-         }
+               (_okBuffer2 = okBuffer).push.apply(_okBuffer2, _toConsumableArray(region.aContent));
+             } else {
+               flushOk();
+               results.push({
+                 conflict: {
+                   a: region.aContent,
+                   aIndex: region.aStart,
+                   o: region.oContent,
+                   oIndex: region.oStart,
+                   b: region.bContent,
+                   bIndex: region.bStart
+                 }
+               });
+             }
+           }
+         });
+         flushOk();
+         return results;
+       }
 
-         if (typeof src !== 'string') {
-           throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is of type ' + Object.prototype.toString.call(src) + ', string expected');
-         }
+       function actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, discardTags, formatUser) {
+         discardTags = discardTags || {};
+         var _option = 'safe'; // 'safe', 'force_local', 'force_remote'
 
-         if (typeof opt === 'function') {
-           callback = opt;
-           opt = null;
+         var _conflicts = [];
+
+         function user(d) {
+           return typeof formatUser === 'function' ? formatUser(d) : d;
          }
 
-         opt = merge$3({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
-         checkSanitizeDeprecation$1(opt);
+         function mergeLocation(remote, target) {
+           function pointEqual(a, b) {
+             var epsilon = 1e-6;
+             return Math.abs(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon && Math.abs(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon;
+           }
 
-         if (callback) {
-           var highlight = opt.highlight;
-           var tokens;
+           if (_option === 'force_local' || pointEqual(target.loc, remote.loc)) {
+             return target;
+           }
 
-           try {
-             tokens = Lexer_1.lex(src, opt);
-           } catch (e) {
-             return callback(e);
+           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+             return target.update({
+               loc: remote.loc
+             });
            }
 
-           var done = function done(err) {
-             var out;
+           _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.location', {
+             user: user(remote.user)
+           }));
 
-             if (!err) {
-               try {
-                 out = Parser_1.parse(tokens, opt);
-               } catch (e) {
-                 err = e;
-               }
-             }
+           return target;
+         }
 
-             opt.highlight = highlight;
-             return err ? callback(err) : callback(null, out);
-           };
+         function mergeNodes(base, remote, target) {
+           if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.nodes, remote.nodes)) {
+             return target;
+           }
 
-           if (!highlight || highlight.length < 3) {
-             return done();
+           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+             return target.update({
+               nodes: remote.nodes
+             });
            }
 
-           delete opt.highlight;
-           if (!tokens.length) return done();
-           var pending = 0;
-           marked.walkTokens(tokens, function (token) {
-             if (token.type === 'code') {
-               pending++;
-               setTimeout(function () {
-                 highlight(token.text, token.lang, function (err, code) {
-                   if (err) {
-                     return done(err);
-                   }
+           var ccount = _conflicts.length;
+           var o = base.nodes || [];
+           var a = target.nodes || [];
+           var b = remote.nodes || [];
+           var nodes = [];
+           var hunks = diff3Merge(a, o, b, {
+             excludeFalseConflicts: true
+           });
 
-                   if (code != null && code !== token.text) {
-                     token.text = code;
-                     token.escaped = true;
-                   }
+           for (var i = 0; i < hunks.length; i++) {
+             var hunk = hunks[i];
 
-                   pending--;
+             if (hunk.ok) {
+               nodes.push.apply(nodes, hunk.ok);
+             } else {
+               // for all conflicts, we can assume c.a !== c.b
+               // because `diff3Merge` called with `true` option to exclude false conflicts..
+               var c = hunk.conflict;
 
-                   if (pending === 0) {
-                     done();
-                   }
-                 });
-               }, 0);
-             }
-           });
+               if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.a)) {
+                 // only changed remotely
+                 nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.b);
+               } else if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.b)) {
+                 // only changed locally
+                 nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.a);
+               } else {
+                 // changed both locally and remotely
+                 _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.nodelist', {
+                   user: user(remote.user)
+                 }));
 
-           if (pending === 0) {
-             done();
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           return;
+           return _conflicts.length === ccount ? target.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           }) : target;
          }
 
-         try {
-           var _tokens = Lexer_1.lex(src, opt);
-
-           if (opt.walkTokens) {
-             marked.walkTokens(_tokens, opt.walkTokens);
+         function mergeChildren(targetWay, children, updates, graph) {
+           function isUsed(node, targetWay) {
+             var hasInterestingParent = graph.parentWays(node).some(function (way) {
+               return way.id !== targetWay.id;
+             });
+             return node.hasInterestingTags() || hasInterestingParent || graph.parentRelations(node).length > 0;
            }
 
-           return Parser_1.parse(_tokens, opt);
-         } catch (e) {
-           e.message += '\nPlease report this to https://github.com/markedjs/marked.';
+           var ccount = _conflicts.length;
 
-           if (opt.silent) {
-             return '<p>An error occurred:</p><pre>' + escape$3(e.message + '', true) + '</pre>';
-           }
+           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+             var id = children[i];
+             var node = graph.hasEntity(id); // remove unused childNodes..
 
-           throw e;
-         }
-       }
-       /**
-        * Options
-        */
+             if (targetWay.nodes.indexOf(id) === -1) {
+               if (node && !isUsed(node, targetWay)) {
+                 updates.removeIds.push(id);
+               }
 
+               continue;
+             } // restore used childNodes..
 
-       marked.options = marked.setOptions = function (opt) {
-         merge$3(marked.defaults, opt);
-         changeDefaults(marked.defaults);
-         return marked;
-       };
 
-       marked.getDefaults = getDefaults;
-       marked.defaults = defaults$5;
-       /**
-        * Use Extension
-        */
+             var local = localGraph.hasEntity(id);
+             var remote = remoteGraph.hasEntity(id);
+             var target;
 
-       marked.use = function (extension) {
-         var opts = merge$3({}, extension);
+             if (_option === 'force_remote' && remote && remote.visible) {
+               updates.replacements.push(remote);
+             } else if (_option === 'force_local' && local) {
+               target = osmEntity(local);
 
-         if (extension.renderer) {
-           (function () {
-             var renderer = marked.defaults.renderer || new Renderer_1();
+               if (remote) {
+                 target = target.update({
+                   version: remote.version
+                 });
+               }
 
-             var _loop = function _loop(prop) {
-               var prevRenderer = renderer[prop];
+               updates.replacements.push(target);
+             } else if (_option === 'safe' && local && remote && local.version !== remote.version) {
+               target = osmEntity(local, {
+                 version: remote.version
+               });
 
-               renderer[prop] = function () {
-                 for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) {
-                   args[_key] = arguments[_key];
-                 }
+               if (remote.visible) {
+                 target = mergeLocation(remote, target);
+               } else {
+                 _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', {
+                   user: user(remote.user)
+                 }));
+               }
 
-                 var ret = extension.renderer[prop].apply(renderer, args);
+               if (_conflicts.length !== ccount) break;
+               updates.replacements.push(target);
+             }
+           }
 
-                 if (ret === false) {
-                   ret = prevRenderer.apply(renderer, args);
-                 }
+           return targetWay;
+         }
 
-                 return ret;
-               };
-             };
+         function updateChildren(updates, graph) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < updates.replacements.length; i++) {
+             graph = graph.replace(updates.replacements[i]);
+           }
 
-             for (var prop in extension.renderer) {
-               _loop(prop);
-             }
+           if (updates.removeIds.length) {
+             graph = actionDeleteMultiple(updates.removeIds)(graph);
+           }
 
-             opts.renderer = renderer;
-           })();
+           return graph;
          }
 
-         if (extension.tokenizer) {
-           (function () {
-             var tokenizer = marked.defaults.tokenizer || new Tokenizer_1();
+         function mergeMembers(remote, target) {
+           if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.members, remote.members)) {
+             return target;
+           }
 
-             var _loop2 = function _loop2(prop) {
-               var prevTokenizer = tokenizer[prop];
+           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+             return target.update({
+               members: remote.members
+             });
+           }
 
-               tokenizer[prop] = function () {
-                 for (var _len2 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len2), _key2 = 0; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
-                   args[_key2] = arguments[_key2];
-                 }
+           _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.memberlist', {
+             user: user(remote.user)
+           }));
 
-                 var ret = extension.tokenizer[prop].apply(tokenizer, args);
+           return target;
+         }
 
-                 if (ret === false) {
-                   ret = prevTokenizer.apply(tokenizer, args);
-                 }
+         function mergeTags(base, remote, target) {
+           if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.tags, remote.tags)) {
+             return target;
+           }
 
-                 return ret;
-               };
-             };
+           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+             return target.update({
+               tags: remote.tags
+             });
+           }
 
-             for (var prop in extension.tokenizer) {
-               _loop2(prop);
-             }
+           var ccount = _conflicts.length;
+           var o = base.tags || {};
+           var a = target.tags || {};
+           var b = remote.tags || {};
+           var keys = utilArrayUnion(utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(o), Object.keys(a)), Object.keys(b)).filter(function (k) {
+             return !discardTags[k];
+           });
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, a); // shallow copy
 
-             opts.tokenizer = tokenizer;
-           })();
-         }
+           var changed = false;
 
-         if (extension.walkTokens) {
-           var walkTokens = marked.defaults.walkTokens;
+           for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+             var k = keys[i];
 
-           opts.walkTokens = function (token) {
-             extension.walkTokens(token);
+             if (o[k] !== b[k] && a[k] !== b[k]) {
+               // changed remotely..
+               if (o[k] !== a[k]) {
+                 // changed locally..
+                 _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.tags', {
+                   tag: k,
+                   local: a[k],
+                   remote: b[k],
+                   user: user(remote.user)
+                 }));
+               } else {
+                 // unchanged locally, accept remote change..
+                 if (b.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
+                   tags[k] = b[k];
+                 } else {
+                   delete tags[k];
+                 }
 
-             if (walkTokens) {
-               walkTokens(token);
+                 changed = true;
+               }
              }
-           };
-         }
+           }
 
-         marked.setOptions(opts);
-       };
-       /**
-        * Run callback for every token
-        */
+           return changed && _conflicts.length === ccount ? target.update({
+             tags: tags
+           }) : target;
+         } //  `graph.base()` is the common ancestor of the two graphs.
+         //  `localGraph` contains user's edits up to saving
+         //  `remoteGraph` contains remote edits to modified nodes
+         //  `graph` must be a descendent of `localGraph` and may include
+         //      some conflict resolution actions performed on it.
+         //
+         //                  --- ... --- `localGraph` -- ... -- `graph`
+         //                 /
+         //  `graph.base()` --- ... --- `remoteGraph`
+         //
 
 
-       marked.walkTokens = function (tokens, callback) {
-         var _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(tokens),
-             _step;
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var updates = {
+             replacements: [],
+             removeIds: []
+           };
+           var base = graph.base().entities[id];
+           var local = localGraph.entity(id);
+           var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);
+           var target = osmEntity(local, {
+             version: remote.version
+           }); // delete/undelete
 
-         try {
-           for (_iterator.s(); !(_step = _iterator.n()).done;) {
-             var token = _step.value;
-             callback(token);
+           if (!remote.visible) {
+             if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+               return actionDeleteMultiple([id])(graph);
+             } else if (_option === 'force_local') {
+               if (target.type === 'way') {
+                 target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUniq(local.nodes), updates, graph);
+                 graph = updateChildren(updates, graph);
+               }
 
-             switch (token.type) {
-               case 'table':
-                 {
-                   var _iterator2 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(token.tokens.header),
-                       _step2;
+               return graph.replace(target);
+             } else {
+               _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', {
+                 user: user(remote.user)
+               }));
 
-                   try {
-                     for (_iterator2.s(); !(_step2 = _iterator2.n()).done;) {
-                       var cell = _step2.value;
-                       marked.walkTokens(cell, callback);
-                     }
-                   } catch (err) {
-                     _iterator2.e(err);
-                   } finally {
-                     _iterator2.f();
-                   }
+               return graph; // do nothing
+             }
+           } // merge
 
-                   var _iterator3 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(token.tokens.cells),
-                       _step3;
 
-                   try {
-                     for (_iterator3.s(); !(_step3 = _iterator3.n()).done;) {
-                       var row = _step3.value;
+           if (target.type === 'node') {
+             target = mergeLocation(remote, target);
+           } else if (target.type === 'way') {
+             // pull in any child nodes that may not be present locally..
+             graph.rebase(remoteGraph.childNodes(remote), [graph], false);
+             target = mergeNodes(base, remote, target);
+             target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes), updates, graph);
+           } else if (target.type === 'relation') {
+             target = mergeMembers(remote, target);
+           }
 
-                       var _iterator4 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(row),
-                           _step4;
+           target = mergeTags(base, remote, target);
 
-                       try {
-                         for (_iterator4.s(); !(_step4 = _iterator4.n()).done;) {
-                           var _cell = _step4.value;
-                           marked.walkTokens(_cell, callback);
-                         }
-                       } catch (err) {
-                         _iterator4.e(err);
-                       } finally {
-                         _iterator4.f();
-                       }
-                     }
-                   } catch (err) {
-                     _iterator3.e(err);
-                   } finally {
-                     _iterator3.f();
-                   }
+           if (!_conflicts.length) {
+             graph = updateChildren(updates, graph).replace(target);
+           }
 
-                   break;
-                 }
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-               case 'list':
-                 {
-                   marked.walkTokens(token.items, callback);
-                   break;
-                 }
+         action.withOption = function (opt) {
+           _option = opt;
+           return action;
+         };
 
-               default:
-                 {
-                   if (token.tokens) {
-                     marked.walkTokens(token.tokens, callback);
-                   }
-                 }
-             }
-           }
-         } catch (err) {
-           _iterator.e(err);
-         } finally {
-           _iterator.f();
-         }
-       };
-       /**
-        * Parse Inline
-        */
+         action.conflicts = function () {
+           return _conflicts;
+         };
 
+         return action;
+       }
 
-       marked.parseInline = function (src, opt) {
-         // throw error in case of non string input
-         if (typeof src === 'undefined' || src === null) {
-           throw new Error('marked.parseInline(): input parameter is undefined or null');
-         }
+       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MoveNodeAction.as
 
-         if (typeof src !== 'string') {
-           throw new Error('marked.parseInline(): input parameter is of type ' + Object.prototype.toString.call(src) + ', string expected');
-         }
+       function actionMove(moveIDs, tryDelta, projection, cache) {
+         var _delta = tryDelta;
 
-         opt = merge$3({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
-         checkSanitizeDeprecation$1(opt);
+         function setupCache(graph) {
+           function canMove(nodeID) {
+             // Allow movement of any node that is in the selectedIDs list..
+             if (moveIDs.indexOf(nodeID) !== -1) return true; // Allow movement of a vertex where 2 ways meet..
 
-         try {
-           var tokens = Lexer_1.lexInline(src, opt);
+             var parents = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeID));
+             if (parents.length < 3) return true; // Restrict movement of a vertex where >2 ways meet, unless all parentWays are moving too..
 
-           if (opt.walkTokens) {
-             marked.walkTokens(tokens, opt.walkTokens);
+             var parentsMoving = parents.every(function (way) {
+               return cache.moving[way.id];
+             });
+             if (!parentsMoving) delete cache.moving[nodeID];
+             return parentsMoving;
            }
 
-           return Parser_1.parseInline(tokens, opt);
-         } catch (e) {
-           e.message += '\nPlease report this to https://github.com/markedjs/marked.';
+           function cacheEntities(ids) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
+               var id = ids[i];
+               if (cache.moving[id]) continue;
+               cache.moving[id] = true;
+               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+               if (!entity) continue;
 
-           if (opt.silent) {
-             return '<p>An error occurred:</p><pre>' + escape$3(e.message + '', true) + '</pre>';
+               if (entity.type === 'node') {
+                 cache.nodes.push(id);
+                 cache.startLoc[id] = entity.loc;
+               } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                 cache.ways.push(id);
+                 cacheEntities(entity.nodes);
+               } else {
+                 cacheEntities(entity.members.map(function (member) {
+                   return member.id;
+                 }));
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           throw e;
-         }
-       };
-       /**
-        * Expose
-        */
+           function cacheIntersections(ids) {
+             function isEndpoint(way, id) {
+               return !way.isClosed() && !!way.affix(id);
+             }
 
+             for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
+               var id = ids[i]; // consider only intersections with 1 moved and 1 unmoved way.
 
-       marked.Parser = Parser_1;
-       marked.parser = Parser_1.parse;
-       marked.Renderer = Renderer_1;
-       marked.TextRenderer = TextRenderer_1;
-       marked.Lexer = Lexer_1;
-       marked.lexer = Lexer_1.lex;
-       marked.Tokenizer = Tokenizer_1;
-       marked.Slugger = Slugger_1;
-       marked.parse = marked;
-       var marked_1 = marked;
+               var childNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(id));
 
-       var tiler$2 = utilTiler();
-       var dispatch$3 = dispatch('loaded');
-       var _tileZoom$2 = 14;
-       var _osmoseUrlRoot = 'https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/api/0.3';
-       var _osmoseData = {
-         icons: {},
-         items: []
-       }; // This gets reassigned if reset
+               for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
+                 var node = childNodes[j];
+                 var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+                 if (parents.length !== 2) continue;
+                 var moved = graph.entity(id);
+                 var unmoved = null;
 
-       var _cache$2;
+                 for (var k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
+                   var way = parents[k];
 
-       function abortRequest$2(controller) {
-         if (controller) {
-           controller.abort();
-         }
-       }
+                   if (!cache.moving[way.id]) {
+                     unmoved = way;
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-       function abortUnwantedRequests$2(cache, tiles) {
-         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
-           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
-             return k === tile.id;
-           });
+                 if (!unmoved) continue; // exclude ways that are overly connected..
 
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest$2(cache.inflightTile[k]);
-             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
+                 if (utilArrayIntersection(moved.nodes, unmoved.nodes).length > 2) continue;
+                 if (moved.isArea() || unmoved.isArea()) continue;
+                 cache.intersections.push({
+                   nodeId: node.id,
+                   movedId: moved.id,
+                   unmovedId: unmoved.id,
+                   movedIsEP: isEndpoint(moved, node.id),
+                   unmovedIsEP: isEndpoint(unmoved, node.id)
+                 });
+               }
+             }
            }
-         });
-       }
 
-       function encodeIssueRtree$2(d) {
-         return {
-           minX: d.loc[0],
-           minY: d.loc[1],
-           maxX: d.loc[0],
-           maxY: d.loc[1],
-           data: d
-         };
-       } // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
+           if (!cache) {
+             cache = {};
+           }
 
+           if (!cache.ok) {
+             cache.moving = {};
+             cache.intersections = [];
+             cache.replacedVertex = {};
+             cache.startLoc = {};
+             cache.nodes = [];
+             cache.ways = [];
+             cacheEntities(moveIDs);
+             cacheIntersections(cache.ways);
+             cache.nodes = cache.nodes.filter(canMove);
+             cache.ok = true;
+           }
+         } // Place a vertex where the moved vertex used to be, to preserve way shape..
+         //
+         //  Start:
+         //      b ---- e
+         //     / \
+         //    /   \
+         //   /     \
+         //  a       c
+         //
+         //      *               node '*' added to preserve shape
+         //     / \
+         //    /   b ---- e      way `b,e` moved here:
+         //   /     \
+         //  a       c
+         //
+         //
 
-       function updateRtree$2(item, replace) {
-         _cache$2.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) {
-           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
-         });
 
-         if (replace) {
-           _cache$2.rtree.insert(item);
-         }
-       } // Issues shouldn't obscure each other
+         function replaceMovedVertex(nodeId, wayId, graph, delta) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var moved = graph.entity(nodeId);
+           var movedIndex = way.nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
+           var len, prevIndex, nextIndex;
+
+           if (way.isClosed()) {
+             len = way.nodes.length - 1;
+             prevIndex = (movedIndex + len - 1) % len;
+             nextIndex = (movedIndex + len + 1) % len;
+           } else {
+             len = way.nodes.length;
+             prevIndex = movedIndex - 1;
+             nextIndex = movedIndex + 1;
+           }
+
+           var prev = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[prevIndex]);
+           var next = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[nextIndex]); // Don't add orig vertex at endpoint..
+
+           if (!prev || !next) return graph;
+           var key = wayId + '_' + nodeId;
+           var orig = cache.replacedVertex[key];
+
+           if (!orig) {
+             orig = osmNode();
+             cache.replacedVertex[key] = orig;
+             cache.startLoc[orig.id] = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
+           }
 
+           var start, end;
 
-       function preventCoincident$1(loc) {
-         var coincident = false;
+           if (delta) {
+             start = projection(cache.startLoc[nodeId]);
+             end = projection.invert(geoVecAdd(start, delta));
+           } else {
+             end = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
+           }
 
-         do {
-           // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
-           var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
-           loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
-           var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
-           coincident = _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).length;
-         } while (coincident);
+           orig = orig.move(end);
+           var angle = Math.abs(geoAngle(orig, prev, projection) - geoAngle(orig, next, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI; // Don't add orig vertex if it would just make a straight line..
 
-         return loc;
-       }
+           if (angle > 175 && angle < 185) return graph; // moving forward or backward along way?
 
-       var serviceOsmose = {
-         title: 'osmose',
-         init: function init() {
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data').then(function (d) {
-             _osmoseData = d.osmose;
-             _osmoseData.items = Object.keys(d.osmose.icons).map(function (s) {
-               return s.split('-')[0];
-             }).reduce(function (unique, item) {
-               return unique.indexOf(item) !== -1 ? unique : [].concat(_toConsumableArray(unique), [item]);
-             }, []);
-           });
+           var p1 = [prev.loc, orig.loc, moved.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
+           var p2 = [prev.loc, moved.loc, orig.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
+           var d1 = geoPathLength(p1);
+           var d2 = geoPathLength(p2);
+           var insertAt = d1 <= d2 ? movedIndex : nextIndex; // moving around closed loop?
 
-           if (!_cache$2) {
-             this.reset();
-           }
+           if (way.isClosed() && insertAt === 0) insertAt = len;
+           way = way.addNode(orig.id, insertAt);
+           return graph.replace(orig).replace(way);
+         } // Remove duplicate vertex that might have been added by
+         // replaceMovedVertex.  This is done after the unzorro checks.
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$3, 'on');
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           var _strings = {};
-           var _colors = {};
 
-           if (_cache$2) {
-             Object.values(_cache$2.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$2); // Strings and colors are static and should not be re-populated
+         function removeDuplicateVertices(wayId, graph) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var epsilon = 1e-6;
+           var prev, curr;
 
-             _strings = _cache$2.strings;
-             _colors = _cache$2.colors;
+           function isInteresting(node, graph) {
+             return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 || graph.parentRelations(node).length || node.hasInterestingTags();
            }
 
-           _cache$2 = {
-             data: {},
-             loadedTile: {},
-             inflightTile: {},
-             inflightPost: {},
-             closed: {},
-             rtree: new RBush(),
-             strings: _strings,
-             colors: _colors
-           };
-         },
-         loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
-           var _this = this;
-
-           var params = {
-             // Tiles return a maximum # of issues
-             // So we want to filter our request for only types iD supports
-             item: _osmoseData.items
-           }; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
-
-           var tiles = tiler$2.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$2, _tileZoom$2]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
+           for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
+             curr = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);
 
-           abortUnwantedRequests$2(_cache$2, tiles); // issue new requests..
+             if (prev && curr && geoVecEqual(prev.loc, curr.loc, epsilon)) {
+               if (!isInteresting(prev, graph)) {
+                 way = way.removeNode(prev.id);
+                 graph = graph.replace(way).remove(prev);
+               } else if (!isInteresting(curr, graph)) {
+                 way = way.removeNode(curr.id);
+                 graph = graph.replace(way).remove(curr);
+               }
+             }
 
-           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-             if (_cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
+             prev = curr;
+           }
 
-             var _tile$xyz = _slicedToArray(tile.xyz, 3),
-                 x = _tile$xyz[0],
-                 y = _tile$xyz[1],
-                 z = _tile$xyz[2];
+           return graph;
+         } // Reorder nodes around intersections that have moved..
+         //
+         //  Start:                way1.nodes: b,e         (moving)
+         //  a - b - c ----- d     way2.nodes: a,b,c,d     (static)
+         //      |                 vertex: b
+         //      e                 isEP1: true,  isEP2, false
+         //
+         //  way1 `b,e` moved here:
+         //  a ----- c = b - d
+         //              |
+         //              e
+         //
+         //  reorder nodes         way1.nodes: b,e
+         //  a ----- c - b - d     way2.nodes: a,c,b,d
+         //              |
+         //              e
+         //
 
-             var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/issues/").concat(z, "/").concat(x, "/").concat(y, ".json?") + utilQsString(params);
-             var controller = new AbortController();
-             _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;
-             d3_json(url, {
-               signal: controller.signal
-             }).then(function (data) {
-               delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
-               _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
 
-               if (data.features) {
-                 data.features.forEach(function (issue) {
-                   var _issue$properties = issue.properties,
-                       item = _issue$properties.item,
-                       cl = _issue$properties["class"],
-                       id = _issue$properties.uuid;
-                   /* Osmose issues are uniquely identified by a unique
-                     `item` and `class` combination (both integer values) */
+         function unZorroIntersection(intersection, graph) {
+           var vertex = graph.entity(intersection.nodeId);
+           var way1 = graph.entity(intersection.movedId);
+           var way2 = graph.entity(intersection.unmovedId);
+           var isEP1 = intersection.movedIsEP;
+           var isEP2 = intersection.unmovedIsEP; // don't move the vertex if it is the endpoint of both ways.
 
-                   var itemType = "".concat(item, "-").concat(cl); // Filter out unsupported issue types (some are too specific or advanced)
+           if (isEP1 && isEP2) return graph;
+           var nodes1 = graph.childNodes(way1).filter(function (n) {
+             return n !== vertex;
+           });
+           var nodes2 = graph.childNodes(way2).filter(function (n) {
+             return n !== vertex;
+           });
+           if (way1.isClosed() && way1.first() === vertex.id) nodes1.push(nodes1[0]);
+           if (way2.isClosed() && way2.first() === vertex.id) nodes2.push(nodes2[0]);
+           var edge1 = !isEP1 && geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
+           var edge2 = !isEP2 && geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
+           var loc; // snap vertex to nearest edge (or some point between them)..
 
-                   if (itemType in _osmoseData.icons) {
-                     var loc = issue.geometry.coordinates; // lon, lat
+           if (!isEP1 && !isEP2) {
+             var epsilon = 1e-6,
+                 maxIter = 10;
 
-                     loc = preventCoincident$1(loc);
-                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, itemType, id, {
-                       item: item
-                     }); // Setting elems here prevents UI detail requests
+             for (var i = 0; i < maxIter; i++) {
+               loc = geoVecInterp(edge1.loc, edge2.loc, 0.5);
+               edge1 = geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(loc), projection);
+               edge2 = geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(loc), projection);
+               if (Math.abs(edge1.distance - edge2.distance) < epsilon) break;
+             }
+           } else if (!isEP1) {
+             loc = edge1.loc;
+           } else {
+             loc = edge2.loc;
+           }
 
-                     if (item === 8300 || item === 8360) {
-                       d.elems = [];
-                     }
+           graph = graph.replace(vertex.move(loc)); // if zorro happened, reorder nodes..
 
-                     _cache$2.data[d.id] = d;
+           if (!isEP1 && edge1.index !== way1.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
+             way1 = way1.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge1.index);
+             graph = graph.replace(way1);
+           }
 
-                     _cache$2.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$2(d));
-                   }
-                 });
-               }
+           if (!isEP2 && edge2.index !== way2.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
+             way2 = way2.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge2.index);
+             graph = graph.replace(way2);
+           }
 
-               dispatch$3.call('loaded');
-             })["catch"](function () {
-               delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
-               _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
-             });
-           });
-         },
-         loadIssueDetail: function loadIssueDetail(issue) {
-           var _this2 = this;
+           return graph;
+         }
 
-           // Issue details only need to be fetched once
-           if (issue.elems !== undefined) {
-             return Promise.resolve(issue);
+         function cleanupIntersections(graph) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
+             var obj = cache.intersections[i];
+             graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.movedId, graph, _delta);
+             graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.unmovedId, graph, null);
+             graph = unZorroIntersection(obj, graph);
+             graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.movedId, graph);
+             graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.unmovedId, graph);
            }
 
-           var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/issue/").concat(issue.id, "?langs=").concat(_mainLocalizer.localeCode());
+           return graph;
+         } // check if moving way endpoint can cross an unmoved way, if so limit delta..
 
-           var cacheDetails = function cacheDetails(data) {
-             // Associated elements used for highlighting
-             // Assign directly for immediate use in the callback
-             issue.elems = data.elems.map(function (e) {
-               return e.type.substring(0, 1) + e.id;
-             }); // Some issues have instance specific detail in a subtitle
 
-             issue.detail = data.subtitle ? marked_1(data.subtitle.auto) : '';
+         function limitDelta(graph) {
+           function moveNode(loc) {
+             return geoVecAdd(projection(loc), _delta);
+           }
 
-             _this2.replaceItem(issue);
-           };
+           for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
+             var obj = cache.intersections[i]; // Don't limit movement if this is vertex joins 2 endpoints..
 
-           return d3_json(url).then(cacheDetails).then(function () {
-             return issue;
-           });
-         },
-         loadStrings: function loadStrings() {
-           var locale = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
-           var items = Object.keys(_osmoseData.icons);
+             if (obj.movedIsEP && obj.unmovedIsEP) continue; // Don't limit movement if this vertex is not an endpoint anyway..
 
-           if (locale in _cache$2.strings && Object.keys(_cache$2.strings[locale]).length === items.length) {
-             return Promise.resolve(_cache$2.strings[locale]);
-           } // May be partially populated already if some requests were successful
+             if (!obj.movedIsEP) continue;
+             var node = graph.entity(obj.nodeId);
+             var start = projection(node.loc);
+             var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
+             var movedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.movedId));
+             var movedPath = movedNodes.map(function (n) {
+               return moveNode(n.loc);
+             });
+             var unmovedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.unmovedId));
+             var unmovedPath = unmovedNodes.map(function (n) {
+               return projection(n.loc);
+             });
+             var hits = geoPathIntersections(movedPath, unmovedPath);
 
+             for (var j = 0; i < hits.length; i++) {
+               if (geoVecEqual(hits[j], end)) continue;
+               var edge = geoChooseEdge(unmovedNodes, end, projection);
+               _delta = geoVecSubtract(projection(edge.loc), start);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           if (!(locale in _cache$2.strings)) {
-             _cache$2.strings[locale] = {};
-           } // Only need to cache strings for supported issue types
-           // Using multiple individual item + class requests to reduce fetched data size
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           if (_delta[0] === 0 && _delta[1] === 0) return graph;
+           setupCache(graph);
 
+           if (cache.intersections.length) {
+             limitDelta(graph);
+           }
 
-           var allRequests = items.map(function (itemType) {
-             // No need to request data we already have
-             if (itemType in _cache$2.strings[locale]) return null;
+           for (var i = 0; i < cache.nodes.length; i++) {
+             var node = graph.entity(cache.nodes[i]);
+             var start = projection(node.loc);
+             var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
+             graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(end)));
+           }
 
-             var cacheData = function cacheData(data) {
-               // Bunch of nested single value arrays of objects
-               var _data$categories = _slicedToArray(data.categories, 1),
-                   _data$categories$ = _data$categories[0],
-                   cat = _data$categories$ === void 0 ? {
-                 items: []
-               } : _data$categories$;
+           if (cache.intersections.length) {
+             graph = cleanupIntersections(graph);
+           }
 
-               var _cat$items = _slicedToArray(cat.items, 1),
-                   _cat$items$ = _cat$items[0],
-                   item = _cat$items$ === void 0 ? {
-                 "class": []
-               } : _cat$items$;
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-               var _item$class = _slicedToArray(item["class"], 1),
-                   _item$class$ = _item$class[0],
-                   cl = _item$class$ === void 0 ? null : _item$class$; // If null default value is reached, data wasn't as expected (or was empty)
+         action.delta = function () {
+           return _delta;
+         };
 
+         return action;
+       }
 
-               if (!cl) {
-                 /* eslint-disable no-console */
-                 console.log("Osmose strings request (".concat(itemType, ") had unexpected data"));
-                 /* eslint-enable no-console */
+       function actionMoveMember(relationId, fromIndex, toIndex) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).moveMember(fromIndex, toIndex));
+         };
+       }
 
-                 return;
-               } // Cache served item colors to automatically style issue markers later
+       function actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc) {
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
+           return graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, toLoc, t)));
+         };
 
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-               var itemInt = item.item,
-                   color = item.color;
+       function actionNoop() {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph;
+         };
+       }
 
-               if (/^#[A-Fa-f0-9]{6}|[A-Fa-f0-9]{3}/.test(color)) {
-                 _cache$2.colors[itemInt] = color;
-               } // Value of root key will be null if no string exists
-               // If string exists, value is an object with key 'auto' for string
+       function actionOrthogonalize(wayID, projection, vertexID, degThresh, ep) {
+         var epsilon = ep || 1e-4;
+         var threshold = degThresh || 13; // degrees within right or straight to alter
+         // We test normalized dot products so we can compare as cos(angle)
 
+         var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
+         var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);
 
-               var title = cl.title,
-                   detail = cl.detail,
-                   fix = cl.fix,
-                   trap = cl.trap; // Osmose titles shouldn't contain markdown
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+           way = way.removeNode(''); // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates
 
-               var issueStrings = {};
-               if (title) issueStrings.title = title.auto;
-               if (detail) issueStrings.detail = marked_1(detail.auto);
-               if (trap) issueStrings.trap = marked_1(trap.auto);
-               if (fix) issueStrings.fix = marked_1(fix.auto);
-               _cache$2.strings[locale][itemType] = issueStrings;
-             };
+           if (way.tags.nonsquare) {
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, way.tags); // since we're squaring, remove indication that this is physically unsquare
 
-             var _itemType$split = itemType.split('-'),
-                 _itemType$split2 = _slicedToArray(_itemType$split, 2),
-                 item = _itemType$split2[0],
-                 cl = _itemType$split2[1]; // Osmose API falls back to English strings where untranslated or if locale doesn't exist
+             delete tags.nonsquare;
+             way = way.update({
+               tags: tags
+             });
+           }
 
+           graph = graph.replace(way);
+           var isClosed = way.isClosed();
+           var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-             var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/items/").concat(item, "/class/").concat(cl, "?langs=").concat(locale);
-             return d3_json(url).then(cacheData);
-           }).filter(Boolean);
-           return Promise.all(allRequests).then(function () {
-             return _cache$2.strings[locale];
-           });
-         },
-         getStrings: function getStrings(itemType) {
-           var locale = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
-           // No need to fallback to English, Osmose API handles this for us
-           return locale in _cache$2.strings ? _cache$2.strings[locale][itemType] : {};
-         },
-         getColor: function getColor(itemType) {
-           return itemType in _cache$2.colors ? _cache$2.colors[itemType] : '#FFFFFF';
-         },
-         postUpdate: function postUpdate(issue, callback) {
-           var _this3 = this;
+           if (isClosed) nodes.pop();
 
-           if (_cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id]) {
-             return callback({
-               message: 'Issue update already inflight',
-               status: -2
-             }, issue);
-           } // UI sets the status to either 'done' or 'false'
+           if (vertexID !== undefined) {
+             nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
+             if (nodes.length !== 3) return graph;
+           } // note: all geometry functions here use the unclosed node/point/coord list
 
 
-           var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/issue/").concat(issue.id, "/").concat(issue.newStatus);
-           var controller = new AbortController();
+           var nodeCount = {};
+           var points = [];
+           var corner = {
+             i: 0,
+             dotp: 1
+           };
+           var node, point, loc, score, motions, i, j;
 
-           var after = function after() {
-             delete _cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id];
+           for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+             node = nodes[i];
+             nodeCount[node.id] = (nodeCount[node.id] || 0) + 1;
+             points.push({
+               id: node.id,
+               coord: projection(node.loc)
+             });
+           }
 
-             _this3.removeItem(issue);
+           if (points.length === 3) {
+             // move only one vertex for right triangle
+             for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+               motions = points.map(calcMotion);
+               points[corner.i].coord = geoVecAdd(points[corner.i].coord, motions[corner.i]);
+               score = corner.dotp;
 
-             if (issue.newStatus === 'done') {
-               // Keep track of the number of issues closed per `item` to tag the changeset
-               if (!(issue.item in _cache$2.closed)) {
-                 _cache$2.closed[issue.item] = 0;
+               if (score < epsilon) {
+                 break;
                }
-
-               _cache$2.closed[issue.item] += 1;
              }
 
-             if (callback) callback(null, issue);
-           };
+             node = graph.entity(nodes[corner.i].id);
+             loc = projection.invert(points[corner.i].coord);
+             graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
+           } else {
+             var straights = [];
+             var simplified = []; // Remove points from nearly straight sections..
+             // This produces a simplified shape to orthogonalize
 
-           _cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id] = controller;
-           fetch(url, {
-             signal: controller.signal
-           }).then(after)["catch"](function (err) {
-             delete _cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id];
-             if (callback) callback(err.message);
-           });
-         },
-         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
-         getItems: function getItems(projection) {
-           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-           return _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
-             return d.data;
-           });
-         },
-         // Get a QAItem from cache
-         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-         getError: function getError(id) {
-           return _cache$2.data[id];
-         },
-         // get the name of the icon to display for this item
-         getIcon: function getIcon(itemType) {
-           return _osmoseData.icons[itemType];
-         },
-         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
-         replaceItem: function replaceItem(item) {
-           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
-           _cache$2.data[item.id] = item;
-           updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), true); // true = replace
+             for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+               point = points[i];
+               var dotp = 0;
 
-           return item;
-         },
-         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
-         removeItem: function removeItem(item) {
-           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
-           delete _cache$2.data[item.id];
-           updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), false); // false = remove
-         },
-         // Used to populate `closed:osmose:*` changeset tags
-         getClosedCounts: function getClosedCounts() {
-           return _cache$2.closed;
-         },
-         itemURL: function itemURL(item) {
-           return "https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/en/error/".concat(item.id);
-         }
-       };
+               if (isClosed || i > 0 && i < points.length - 1) {
+                 var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
+                 var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];
+                 dotp = Math.abs(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a.coord, b.coord, point.coord));
+               }
 
-       var apibase = 'https://a.mapillary.com/v3/';
-       var viewercss = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.min.css';
-       var viewerjs = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.min.js';
-       var clientId = 'NzNRM2otQkR2SHJzaXJmNmdQWVQ0dzo1ZWYyMmYwNjdmNDdlNmVi';
-       var mapFeatureConfig = {
-         values: ['construction--flat--crosswalk-plain', 'marking--discrete--crosswalk-zebra', 'object--banner', 'object--bench', 'object--bike-rack', 'object--billboard', 'object--catch-basin', 'object--cctv-camera', 'object--fire-hydrant', 'object--mailbox', 'object--manhole', 'object--phone-booth', 'object--sign--advertisement', 'object--sign--information', 'object--sign--store', 'object--street-light', 'object--support--utility-pole', 'object--traffic-light--*', 'object--traffic-light--pedestrians', 'object--trash-can'].join(',')
-       };
-       var maxResults = 1000;
-       var tileZoom = 14;
-       var tiler$3 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom, tileZoom]).skipNullIsland(true);
-       var dispatch$4 = dispatch('change', 'loadedImages', 'loadedSigns', 'loadedMapFeatures', 'bearingChanged', 'nodeChanged');
-       var _mlyFallback = false;
+               if (dotp > upperThreshold) {
+                 straights.push(point);
+               } else {
+                 simplified.push(point);
+               }
+             } // Orthogonalize the simplified shape
 
-       var _mlyCache;
 
-       var _mlyClicks;
+             var bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
+             var originalPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
+             score = Infinity;
+
+             for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+               motions = simplified.map(calcMotion);
 
-       var _mlyActiveImage;
+               for (j = 0; j < motions.length; j++) {
+                 simplified[j].coord = geoVecAdd(simplified[j].coord, motions[j]);
+               }
 
-       var _mlySelectedImageKey;
+               var newScore = geoOrthoCalcScore(simplified, isClosed, epsilon, threshold);
 
-       var _mlyViewer;
+               if (newScore < score) {
+                 bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
+                 score = newScore;
+               }
+
+               if (score < epsilon) {
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
 
-       var _mlyViewerFilter = ['all'];
+             var bestCoords = bestPoints.map(function (p) {
+               return p.coord;
+             });
+             if (isClosed) bestCoords.push(bestCoords[0]); // move the nodes that should move
 
-       var _loadViewerPromise;
+             for (i = 0; i < bestPoints.length; i++) {
+               point = bestPoints[i];
 
-       var _mlyHighlightedDetection;
+               if (!geoVecEqual(originalPoints[i].coord, point.coord)) {
+                 node = graph.entity(point.id);
+                 loc = projection.invert(point.coord);
+                 graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
+               }
+             } // move the nodes along straight segments
 
-       var _mlyShowFeatureDetections = false;
-       var _mlyShowSignDetections = false;
 
-       function abortRequest$3(controller) {
-         controller.abort();
-       }
+             for (i = 0; i < straights.length; i++) {
+               point = straights[i];
+               if (nodeCount[point.id] > 1) continue; // skip self-intersections
 
-       function loadTiles(which, url, projection) {
-         var currZoom = Math.floor(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()));
-         var tiles = tiler$3.getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
+               node = graph.entity(point.id);
 
-         var cache = _mlyCache[which];
-         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
-           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
-             return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0;
-           });
+               if (t === 1 && graph.parentWays(node).length === 1 && graph.parentRelations(node).length === 0 && !node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+                 // remove uninteresting points..
+                 graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
+               } else {
+                 // move interesting points to the nearest edge..
+                 var choice = geoVecProject(point.coord, bestCoords);
 
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest$3(cache.inflight[k]);
-             delete cache.inflight[k];
+                 if (choice) {
+                   loc = projection.invert(choice.target);
+                   graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
+                 }
+               }
+             }
            }
-         });
-         tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-           loadNextTilePage(which, currZoom, url, tile);
-         });
-       }
 
-       function loadNextTilePage(which, currZoom, url, tile) {
-         var cache = _mlyCache[which];
-         var rect = tile.extent.rectangle();
-         var maxPages = maxPageAtZoom(currZoom);
-         var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 0;
-         var nextURL = cache.nextURL[tile.id] || url + utilQsString({
-           per_page: maxResults,
-           page: nextPage,
-           client_id: clientId,
-           bbox: [rect[0], rect[1], rect[2], rect[3]].join(',')
-         });
-         if (nextPage > maxPages) return;
-         var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
-         if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
-         var controller = new AbortController();
-         cache.inflight[id] = controller;
-         var options = {
-           method: 'GET',
-           signal: controller.signal,
-           headers: {
-             'Content-Type': 'application/json'
-           }
-         };
-         fetch(nextURL, options).then(function (response) {
-           if (!response.ok) {
-             throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
+           return graph;
+
+           function clonePoints(array) {
+             return array.map(function (p) {
+               return {
+                 id: p.id,
+                 coord: [p.coord[0], p.coord[1]]
+               };
+             });
            }
 
-           var linkHeader = response.headers.get('Link');
+           function calcMotion(point, i, array) {
+             // don't try to move the endpoints of a non-closed way.
+             if (!isClosed && (i === 0 || i === array.length - 1)) return [0, 0]; // don't try to move a node that appears more than once (self intersection)
 
-           if (linkHeader) {
-             var pagination = parsePagination(linkHeader);
+             if (nodeCount[array[i].id] > 1) return [0, 0];
+             var a = array[(i - 1 + array.length) % array.length].coord;
+             var origin = point.coord;
+             var b = array[(i + 1) % array.length].coord;
+             var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
+             var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
+             var scale = 2 * Math.min(geoVecLength(p), geoVecLength(q));
+             p = geoVecNormalize(p);
+             q = geoVecNormalize(q);
+             var dotp = p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1];
+             var val = Math.abs(dotp);
 
-             if (pagination.next) {
-               cache.nextURL[tile.id] = pagination.next;
+             if (val < lowerThreshold) {
+               // nearly orthogonal
+               corner.i = i;
+               corner.dotp = val;
+               var vec = geoVecNormalize(geoVecAdd(p, q));
+               return geoVecScale(vec, 0.1 * dotp * scale);
              }
+
+             return [0, 0]; // do nothing
            }
+         }; // if we are only orthogonalizing one vertex,
+         // get that vertex and the previous and next
 
-           return response.json();
-         }).then(function (data) {
-           cache.loaded[id] = true;
-           delete cache.inflight[id];
 
-           if (!data || !data.features || !data.features.length) {
-             throw new Error('No Data');
+         function nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed) {
+           var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
+           var last = isClosed ? nodes.length : nodes.length - 1;
+
+           for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
+             if (nodes[i].id === vertexID) {
+               return [nodes[(i - 1 + nodes.length) % nodes.length], nodes[i], nodes[(i + 1) % nodes.length]];
+             }
            }
 
-           var features = data.features.map(function (feature) {
-             var loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
-             var d; // An image (shown as a green dot on the map) is a single street photo with extra
-             // information such as location, camera angle (CA), camera model, and so on.
-             // Each image feature is a GeoJSON Point
+           return [];
+         }
 
-             if (which === 'images') {
-               d = {
-                 loc: loc,
-                 key: feature.properties.key,
-                 ca: feature.properties.ca,
-                 captured_at: feature.properties.captured_at,
-                 captured_by: feature.properties.username,
-                 pano: feature.properties.pano
-               };
-               cache.forImageKey[d.key] = d; // cache imageKey -> image
-               // Mapillary organizes images as sequences. A sequence of images are continuously captured
-               // by a user at a give time. Sequences are shown on the map as green lines.
-               // Each sequence feature is a GeoJSON LineString
-             } else if (which === 'sequences') {
-               var sequenceKey = feature.properties.key;
-               cache.lineString[sequenceKey] = feature; // cache sequenceKey -> lineString
-
-               feature.properties.coordinateProperties.image_keys.forEach(function (imageKey) {
-                 cache.forImageKey[imageKey] = sequenceKey; // cache imageKey -> sequenceKey
-               });
-               return false; // because no `d` data worth loading into an rbush
-               // A map feature is a real world object that can be shown on a map. It could be any object
-               // recognized from images, manually added in images, or added on the map.
-               // Each map feature is a GeoJSON Point (located where the feature is)
-             } else if (which === 'map_features' || which === 'points') {
-               d = {
-                 loc: loc,
-                 key: feature.properties.key,
-                 value: feature.properties.value,
-                 detections: feature.properties.detections,
-                 direction: feature.properties.direction,
-                 accuracy: feature.properties.accuracy,
-                 first_seen_at: feature.properties.first_seen_at,
-                 last_seen_at: feature.properties.last_seen_at
-               };
-             }
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+           way = way.removeNode(''); // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates
 
-             return {
-               minX: loc[0],
-               minY: loc[1],
-               maxX: loc[0],
-               maxY: loc[1],
-               data: d
-             };
-           }).filter(Boolean);
+           graph = graph.replace(way);
+           var isClosed = way.isClosed();
+           var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-           if (cache.rtree && features) {
-             cache.rtree.load(features);
-           }
+           if (isClosed) nodes.pop();
+           var allowStraightAngles = false;
 
-           if (data.features.length === maxResults) {
-             // more pages to load
-             cache.nextPage[tile.id] = nextPage + 1;
-             loadNextTilePage(which, currZoom, url, tile);
-           } else {
-             cache.nextPage[tile.id] = Infinity; // no more pages to load
+           if (vertexID !== undefined) {
+             allowStraightAngles = true;
+             nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
+             if (nodes.length !== 3) return 'end_vertex';
            }
 
-           if (which === 'images' || which === 'sequences') {
-             dispatch$4.call('loadedImages');
-           } else if (which === 'map_features') {
-             dispatch$4.call('loadedSigns');
-           } else if (which === 'points') {
-             dispatch$4.call('loadedMapFeatures');
-           }
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           cache.loaded[id] = true;
-           delete cache.inflight[id];
-         });
-       }
+           var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var score = geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(coords, isClosed, epsilon, threshold, allowStraightAngles);
 
-       function loadData(which, url) {
-         var cache = _mlyCache[which];
-         var options = {
-           method: 'GET',
-           headers: {
-             'Content-Type': 'application/json'
+           if (score === null) {
+             return 'not_squarish';
+           } else if (score === 0) {
+             return 'square_enough';
+           } else {
+             return false;
            }
          };
-         var nextUrl = url + '&client_id=' + clientId;
-         return fetch(nextUrl, options).then(function (response) {
-           if (!response.ok) {
-             throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
-           }
 
-           return response.json();
-         }).then(function (data) {
-           if (!data || !data.features || !data.features.length) {
-             throw new Error('No Data');
-           }
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           data.features.forEach(function (feature) {
-             var d;
+       //
+       // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object
+       // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
+       //
+       // This specifies a restriction of type `restriction` when traveling from
+       // `turn.from.way` toward `turn.to.way` via `turn.via.node` OR `turn.via.ways`.
+       // (The action does not check that these entities form a valid intersection.)
+       //
+       // From, to, and via ways should be split before calling this action.
+       // (old versions of the code would split the ways here, but we no longer do it)
+       //
+       // For testing convenience, accepts a restrictionID to assign to the new
+       // relation. Normally, this will be undefined and the relation will
+       // automatically be assigned a new ID.
+       //
 
-             if (which === 'image_detections') {
-               d = {
-                 key: feature.properties.key,
-                 image_key: feature.properties.image_key,
-                 value: feature.properties.value,
-                 shape: feature.properties.shape
-               };
+       function actionRestrictTurn(turn, restrictionType, restrictionID) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
+           var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
+           var viaNode = turn.via.node && graph.entity(turn.via.node);
+           var viaWays = turn.via.ways && turn.via.ways.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           var members = [];
+           members.push({
+             id: fromWay.id,
+             type: 'way',
+             role: 'from'
+           });
 
-               if (!cache.forImageKey[d.image_key]) {
-                 cache.forImageKey[d.image_key] = [];
-               }
+           if (viaNode) {
+             members.push({
+               id: viaNode.id,
+               type: 'node',
+               role: 'via'
+             });
+           } else if (viaWays) {
+             viaWays.forEach(function (viaWay) {
+               members.push({
+                 id: viaWay.id,
+                 type: 'way',
+                 role: 'via'
+               });
+             });
+           }
 
-               cache.forImageKey[d.image_key].push(d);
-             }
+           members.push({
+             id: toWay.id,
+             type: 'way',
+             role: 'to'
            });
-         });
+           return graph.replace(osmRelation({
+             id: restrictionID,
+             tags: {
+               type: 'restriction',
+               restriction: restrictionType
+             },
+             members: members
+           }));
+         };
        }
 
-       function maxPageAtZoom(z) {
-         if (z < 15) return 2;
-         if (z === 15) return 5;
-         if (z === 16) return 10;
-         if (z === 17) return 20;
-         if (z === 18) return 40;
-         if (z > 18) return 80;
-       } // extract links to pages of API results
+       function actionRevert(id) {
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id),
+               base = graph.base().entities[id];
 
+           if (entity && !base) {
+             // entity will be removed..
+             if (entity.type === 'node') {
+               graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (parent) {
+                 parent = parent.removeNode(id);
+                 graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-       function parsePagination(links) {
-         return links.split(',').map(function (rel) {
-           var elements = rel.split(';');
+                 if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+                   graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
+                 }
+               });
+             }
 
-           if (elements.length === 2) {
-             return [/<(.+)>/.exec(elements[0])[1], /rel="(.+)"/.exec(elements[1])[1]];
-           } else {
-             return ['', ''];
+             graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (parent) {
+               parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(id);
+               graph = graph.replace(parent);
+
+               if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+                 graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+               }
+             });
            }
-         }).reduce(function (pagination, val) {
-           pagination[val[1]] = val[0];
-           return pagination;
-         }, {});
-       } // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
 
+           return graph.revert(id);
+         };
 
-       function partitionViewport(projection) {
-         var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-         var z2 = Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2 + 2.5; // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
+         return action;
+       }
 
-         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
-         return tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
-           return tile.extent;
-         });
-       } // no more than `limit` results per partition.
+       function actionRotate(rotateIds, pivot, angle, projection) {
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           return graph.update(function (graph) {
+             utilGetAllNodes(rotateIds, graph).forEach(function (node) {
+               var point = geoRotate([projection(node.loc)], angle, pivot)[0];
+               graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(point)));
+             });
+           });
+         };
 
+         return action;
+       }
 
-       function searchLimited(limit, projection, rtree) {
-         limit = limit || 5;
-         return partitionViewport(projection).reduce(function (result, extent) {
-           var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox()).slice(0, limit).map(function (d) {
-             return d.data;
+       function actionScale(ids, pivotLoc, scaleFactor, projection) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph.update(function (graph) {
+             var point, radial;
+             utilGetAllNodes(ids, graph).forEach(function (node) {
+               point = projection(node.loc);
+               radial = [point[0] - pivotLoc[0], point[1] - pivotLoc[1]];
+               point = [pivotLoc[0] + scaleFactor * radial[0], pivotLoc[1] + scaleFactor * radial[1]];
+               graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(point)));
+             });
            });
-           return found.length ? result.concat(found) : result;
-         }, []);
+         };
        }
 
-       var serviceMapillary = {
-         init: function init() {
-           if (!_mlyCache) {
-             this.reset();
-           }
-
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$4, 'on');
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           if (_mlyCache) {
-             Object.values(_mlyCache.images.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-             Object.values(_mlyCache.image_detections.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-             Object.values(_mlyCache.map_features.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-             Object.values(_mlyCache.points.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-             Object.values(_mlyCache.sequences.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-           }
-
-           _mlyCache = {
-             images: {
-               inflight: {},
-               loaded: {},
-               nextPage: {},
-               nextURL: {},
-               rtree: new RBush(),
-               forImageKey: {}
-             },
-             image_detections: {
-               inflight: {},
-               loaded: {},
-               nextPage: {},
-               nextURL: {},
-               forImageKey: {}
-             },
-             map_features: {
-               inflight: {},
-               loaded: {},
-               nextPage: {},
-               nextURL: {},
-               rtree: new RBush()
-             },
-             points: {
-               inflight: {},
-               loaded: {},
-               nextPage: {},
-               nextURL: {},
-               rtree: new RBush()
-             },
-             sequences: {
-               inflight: {},
-               loaded: {},
-               nextPage: {},
-               nextURL: {},
-               rtree: new RBush(),
-               forImageKey: {},
-               lineString: {}
-             }
-           };
-           _mlySelectedImageKey = null;
-           _mlyActiveImage = null;
-           _mlyClicks = [];
-         },
-         images: function images(projection) {
-           var limit = 5;
-           return searchLimited(limit, projection, _mlyCache.images.rtree);
-         },
-         signs: function signs(projection) {
-           var limit = 5;
-           return searchLimited(limit, projection, _mlyCache.map_features.rtree);
-         },
-         mapFeatures: function mapFeatures(projection) {
-           var limit = 5;
-           return searchLimited(limit, projection, _mlyCache.points.rtree);
-         },
-         cachedImage: function cachedImage(imageKey) {
-           return _mlyCache.images.forImageKey[imageKey];
-         },
-         sequences: function sequences(projection) {
-           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-           var sequenceKeys = {}; // all sequences for images in viewport
-
-           _mlyCache.images.rtree.search(bbox).forEach(function (d) {
-             var sequenceKey = _mlyCache.sequences.forImageKey[d.data.key];
-
-             if (sequenceKey) {
-               sequenceKeys[sequenceKey] = true;
-             }
-           }); // Return lineStrings for the sequences
-
+       /* Align nodes along their common axis */
 
-           return Object.keys(sequenceKeys).map(function (sequenceKey) {
-             return _mlyCache.sequences.lineString[sequenceKey];
-           });
-         },
-         signsSupported: function signsSupported() {
-           return true;
-         },
-         loadImages: function loadImages(projection) {
-           loadTiles('images', apibase + 'images?sort_by=key&', projection);
-           loadTiles('sequences', apibase + 'sequences?sort_by=key&', projection);
-         },
-         loadSigns: function loadSigns(projection) {
-           loadTiles('map_features', apibase + 'map_features?layers=trafficsigns&min_nbr_image_detections=2&sort_by=key&', projection);
-         },
-         loadMapFeatures: function loadMapFeatures(projection) {
-           loadTiles('points', apibase + 'map_features?layers=points&min_nbr_image_detections=2&sort_by=key&values=' + mapFeatureConfig.values + '&', projection);
-         },
-         ensureViewerLoaded: function ensureViewerLoaded(context) {
-           if (_loadViewerPromise) return _loadViewerPromise; // add mly-wrapper
+       function actionStraightenNodes(nodeIDs, projection) {
+         function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
+           return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
+         } // returns the endpoints of the long axis of symmetry of the `points` bounding rect
 
-           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.mly-wrapper').data([0]);
-           wrap.enter().append('div').attr('id', 'ideditor-mly').attr('class', 'photo-wrapper mly-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
-           var that = this;
-           _loadViewerPromise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
-             var loadedCount = 0;
 
-             function loaded() {
-               loadedCount += 1; // wait until both files are loaded
+         function getEndpoints(points) {
+           var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points); // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
+           // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
+           // Snap points to the long axis
 
-               if (loadedCount === 2) resolve();
-             }
+           var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2];
+           var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2];
+           var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2];
+           var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2];
+           var isLong = geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2);
 
-             var head = select('head'); // load mapillary-viewercss
+           if (isLong) {
+             return [p1, q1];
+           }
 
-             head.selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewercss').data([0]).enter().append('link').attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewercss').attr('rel', 'stylesheet').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('href', context.asset(viewercss)).on('load.serviceMapillary', loaded).on('error.serviceMapillary', function () {
-               reject();
-             }); // load mapillary-viewerjs
+           return [p2, q2];
+         }
 
-             head.selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs').data([0]).enter().append('script').attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('src', context.asset(viewerjs)).on('load.serviceMapillary', loaded).on('error.serviceMapillary', function () {
-               reject();
-             });
-           })["catch"](function () {
-             _loadViewerPromise = null;
-           }).then(function () {
-             that.initViewer(context);
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
            });
-           return _loadViewerPromise;
-         },
-         loadSignResources: function loadSignResources(context) {
-           context.ui().svgDefs.addSprites(['mapillary-sprite'], false
-           /* don't override colors */
-           );
-           return this;
-         },
-         loadObjectResources: function loadObjectResources(context) {
-           context.ui().svgDefs.addSprites(['mapillary-object-sprite'], false
-           /* don't override colors */
-           );
-           return this;
-         },
-         resetTags: function resetTags() {
-           if (_mlyViewer && !_mlyFallback) {
-             _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag').removeAll(); // remove previous detections
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
+           var startPoint = endpoints[0];
+           var endPoint = endpoints[1]; // Move points onto the line connecting the endpoints
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+             var node = nodes[i];
+             var point = points[i];
+             var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
+             var point2 = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
+             var loc2 = projection.invert(point2);
+             graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));
            }
-         },
-         showFeatureDetections: function showFeatureDetections(value) {
-           _mlyShowFeatureDetections = value;
 
-           if (!_mlyShowFeatureDetections && !_mlyShowSignDetections) {
-             this.resetTags();
-           }
-         },
-         showSignDetections: function showSignDetections(value) {
-           _mlyShowSignDetections = value;
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-           if (!_mlyShowFeatureDetections && !_mlyShowSignDetections) {
-             this.resetTags();
-           }
-         },
-         filterViewer: function filterViewer(context) {
-           var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
-           var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
-           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
-           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
-           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
-           var filter = ['all'];
-           if (!showsPano) filter.push(['==', 'pano', false]);
-           if (!showsFlat && showsPano) filter.push(['==', 'pano', true]);
-           if (usernames && usernames.length) filter.push(['==', 'username', usernames[0]]);
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
+           var startPoint = endpoints[0];
+           var endPoint = endpoints[1];
+           var maxDistance = 0;
 
-           if (fromDate) {
-             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
-             filter.push(['>=', 'capturedAt', fromTimestamp]);
-           }
+           for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+             var point = points[i];
+             var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
+             var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(p, point);
 
-           if (toDate) {
-             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
-             filter.push(['>=', 'capturedAt', toTimestamp]);
+             if (!isNaN(dist) && dist > maxDistance) {
+               maxDistance = dist;
+             }
            }
 
-           if (_mlyViewer) {
-             _mlyViewer.setFilter(filter);
+           if (maxDistance < 0.0001) {
+             return 'straight_enough';
            }
+         };
+
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           _mlyViewerFilter = filter;
-           return filter;
-         },
-         showViewer: function showViewer(context) {
-           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').classed('hide', false);
-           var isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper.hide').size();
+       /*
+        * Based on https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/net/systemeD/potlatch2/tools/Straighten.as
+        */
 
-           if (isHidden && _mlyViewer) {
-             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.mly-wrapper)').classed('hide', true);
-             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper').classed('hide', false);
+       function actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, projection) {
+         function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
+           return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
+         } // Return all selected ways as a continuous, ordered array of nodes
 
-             _mlyViewer.resize();
-           }
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         hideViewer: function hideViewer(context) {
-           _mlyActiveImage = null;
-           _mlySelectedImageKey = null;
+         function allNodes(graph) {
+           var nodes = [];
+           var startNodes = [];
+           var endNodes = [];
+           var remainingWays = [];
+           var selectedWays = selectedIDs.filter(function (w) {
+             return graph.entity(w).type === 'way';
+           });
+           var selectedNodes = selectedIDs.filter(function (n) {
+             return graph.entity(n).type === 'node';
+           });
 
-           if (!_mlyFallback && _mlyViewer) {
-             _mlyViewer.getComponent('sequence').stop();
-           }
+           for (var i = 0; i < selectedWays.length; i++) {
+             var way = graph.entity(selectedWays[i]);
+             nodes = way.nodes.slice(0);
+             remainingWays.push(nodes);
+             startNodes.push(nodes[0]);
+             endNodes.push(nodes[nodes.length - 1]);
+           } // Remove duplicate end/startNodes (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end,
+           //   and need to be removed so currNode difference calculation below works)
+           // i.e. ["n-1", "n-1", "n-2"] => ["n-2"]
 
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
-           viewer.classed('hide', true).selectAll('.photo-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
-           this.updateUrlImage(null);
-           dispatch$4.call('nodeChanged');
-           return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
-         },
-         parsePagination: parsePagination,
-         updateUrlImage: function updateUrlImage(imageKey) {
-           if (!window.mocha) {
-             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-             if (imageKey) {
-               hash.photo = 'mapillary/' + imageKey;
-             } else {
-               delete hash.photo;
-             }
+           startNodes = startNodes.filter(function (n) {
+             return startNodes.indexOf(n) === startNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
+           });
+           endNodes = endNodes.filter(function (n) {
+             return endNodes.indexOf(n) === endNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
+           }); // Choose the initial endpoint to start from
 
-             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
-           }
-         },
-         highlightDetection: function highlightDetection(detection) {
-           if (detection) {
-             _mlyHighlightedDetection = detection.detection_key;
-           }
+           var currNode = utilArrayDifference(startNodes, endNodes).concat(utilArrayDifference(endNodes, startNodes))[0];
+           var nextWay = [];
+           nodes = []; // Create nested function outside of loop to avoid "function in loop" lint error
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         initViewer: function initViewer(context) {
-           var that = this;
-           if (!window.Mapillary) return;
-           var opts = {
-             baseImageSize: 320,
-             component: {
-               cover: false,
-               keyboard: false,
-               tag: true
-             }
-           }; // Disable components requiring WebGL support
+           var getNextWay = function getNextWay(currNode, remainingWays) {
+             return remainingWays.filter(function (way) {
+               return way[0] === currNode || way[way.length - 1] === currNode;
+             })[0];
+           }; // Add nodes to end of nodes array, until all ways are added
 
-           if (!Mapillary.isSupported() && Mapillary.isFallbackSupported()) {
-             _mlyFallback = true;
-             opts.component = {
-               cover: false,
-               direction: false,
-               imagePlane: false,
-               keyboard: false,
-               mouse: false,
-               sequence: false,
-               tag: false,
-               image: true,
-               // fallback
-               navigation: true // fallback
 
-             };
-           }
+           while (remainingWays.length) {
+             nextWay = getNextWay(currNode, remainingWays);
+             remainingWays = utilArrayDifference(remainingWays, [nextWay]);
 
-           _mlyViewer = new Mapillary.Viewer('ideditor-mly', clientId, null, opts);
+             if (nextWay[0] !== currNode) {
+               nextWay.reverse();
+             }
 
-           _mlyViewer.on('nodechanged', nodeChanged);
+             nodes = nodes.concat(nextWay);
+             currNode = nodes[nodes.length - 1];
+           } // If user selected 2 nodes to straighten between, then slice nodes array to those nodes
 
-           _mlyViewer.on('bearingchanged', bearingChanged);
 
-           if (_mlyViewerFilter) {
-             _mlyViewer.setFilter(_mlyViewerFilter);
-           } // Register viewer resize handler
+           if (selectedNodes.length === 2) {
+             var startNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[0]);
+             var endNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[1]);
+             var sortedStartEnd = [startNodeIdx, endNodeIdx];
+             sortedStartEnd.sort(function (a, b) {
+               return a - b;
+             });
+             nodes = nodes.slice(sortedStartEnd[0], sortedStartEnd[1] + 1);
+           }
 
+           return nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return graph.entity(n);
+           });
+         }
 
-           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.mapillary', function () {
-             if (_mlyViewer) _mlyViewer.resize();
-           }); // nodeChanged: called after the viewer has changed images and is ready.
-           //
-           // There is some logic here to batch up clicks into a _mlyClicks array
-           // because the user might click on a lot of markers quickly and nodechanged
-           // may be called out of order asynchronously.
-           //
-           // Clicks are added to the array in `selectedImage` and removed here.
-           //
+         function shouldKeepNode(node, graph) {
+           return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 || graph.parentRelations(node).length || node.hasInterestingTags();
+         }
 
-           function nodeChanged(node) {
-             that.resetTags();
-             var clicks = _mlyClicks;
-             var index = clicks.indexOf(node.key);
-             var selectedKey = _mlySelectedImageKey;
-             that.setActiveImage(node);
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var nodes = allNodes(graph);
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var startPoint = points[0];
+           var endPoint = points[points.length - 1];
+           var toDelete = [];
+           var i;
 
-             if (index > -1) {
-               // `nodechanged` initiated from clicking on a marker..
-               clicks.splice(index, 1); // remove the click
-               // If `node.key` matches the current _mlySelectedImageKey, call `selectImage()`
-               // one more time to update the detections and attribution..
+           for (i = 1; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
+             var node = nodes[i];
+             var point = points[i];
 
-               if (node.key === selectedKey) {
-                 that.selectImage(context, _mlySelectedImageKey, true);
-               }
+             if (t < 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph)) {
+               var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
+               var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
+               var loc2 = projection.invert(p);
+               graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));
              } else {
-               // `nodechanged` initiated from the Mapillary viewer controls..
-               var loc = node.computedLatLon ? [node.computedLatLon.lon, node.computedLatLon.lat] : [node.latLon.lon, node.latLon.lat];
-               context.map().centerEase(loc);
-               that.selectImage(context, node.key, true);
+               // safe to delete
+               if (toDelete.indexOf(node) === -1) {
+                 toDelete.push(node);
+               }
              }
-
-             dispatch$4.call('nodeChanged');
            }
 
-           function bearingChanged(e) {
-             dispatch$4.call('bearingChanged', undefined, e);
+           for (i = 0; i < toDelete.length; i++) {
+             graph = actionDeleteNode(toDelete[i].id)(graph);
            }
-         },
-         // Pass in the image key string as `imageKey`.
-         // This allows images to be selected from places that dont have access
-         // to the full image datum (like the street signs layer or the js viewer)
-         selectImage: function selectImage(context, imageKey, fromViewer) {
-           _mlySelectedImageKey = imageKey;
-           this.updateUrlImage(imageKey);
-           var d = _mlyCache.images.forImageKey[imageKey];
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
-           imageKey = d && d.key || imageKey;
 
-           if (!fromViewer && imageKey) {
-             _mlyClicks.push(imageKey);
-           }
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-           this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           // check way isn't too bendy
+           var nodes = allNodes(graph);
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var startPoint = points[0];
+           var endPoint = points[points.length - 1];
+           var threshold = 0.2 * geoVecLength(startPoint, endPoint);
+           var i;
 
-           if (_mlyShowFeatureDetections) {
-             this.updateDetections(imageKey, apibase + 'image_detections?layers=points&values=' + mapFeatureConfig.values + '&image_keys=' + imageKey);
+           if (threshold === 0) {
+             return 'too_bendy';
            }
 
-           if (_mlyShowSignDetections) {
-             this.updateDetections(imageKey, apibase + 'image_detections?layers=trafficsigns&image_keys=' + imageKey);
-           }
+           var maxDistance = 0;
 
-           if (_mlyViewer && imageKey) {
-             _mlyViewer.moveToKey(imageKey)["catch"](function (e) {
-               console.error('mly3', e);
-             }); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+           for (i = 1; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
+             var point = points[i];
+             var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
+             var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(p, point); // to bendy if point is off by 20% of total start/end distance in projected space
 
+             if (isNaN(dist) || dist > threshold) {
+               return 'too_bendy';
+             } else if (dist > maxDistance) {
+               maxDistance = dist;
+             }
            }
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         getActiveImage: function getActiveImage() {
-           return _mlyActiveImage;
-         },
-         getSelectedImageKey: function getSelectedImageKey() {
-           return _mlySelectedImageKey;
-         },
-         getSequenceKeyForImageKey: function getSequenceKeyForImageKey(imageKey) {
-           return _mlyCache.sequences.forImageKey[imageKey];
-         },
-         setActiveImage: function setActiveImage(node) {
-           if (node) {
-             _mlyActiveImage = {
-               ca: node.originalCA,
-               key: node.key,
-               loc: [node.originalLatLon.lon, node.originalLatLon.lat],
-               pano: node.pano
-             };
-           } else {
-             _mlyActiveImage = null;
-           }
-         },
-         // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
-         // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
-         // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
-         setStyles: function setStyles(context, hovered, reset) {
-           if (reset) {
-             // reset all layers
-             context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', false).classed('hovered', false);
-             context.container().selectAll('.sequence').classed('highlighted', false).classed('currentView', false);
+           var keepingAllNodes = nodes.every(function (node, i) {
+             return i === 0 || i === nodes.length - 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph);
+           });
+
+           if (maxDistance < 0.0001 && // Allow straightening even if already straight in order to remove extraneous nodes
+           keepingAllNodes) {
+             return 'straight_enough';
            }
+         };
 
-           var hoveredImageKey = hovered && hovered.key;
-           var hoveredSequenceKey = hoveredImageKey && this.getSequenceKeyForImageKey(hoveredImageKey);
-           var hoveredLineString = hoveredSequenceKey && _mlyCache.sequences.lineString[hoveredSequenceKey];
-           var hoveredImageKeys = hoveredLineString && hoveredLineString.properties.coordinateProperties.image_keys || [];
-           var selectedImageKey = _mlySelectedImageKey;
-           var selectedSequenceKey = selectedImageKey && this.getSequenceKeyForImageKey(selectedImageKey);
-           var selectedLineString = selectedSequenceKey && _mlyCache.sequences.lineString[selectedSequenceKey];
-           var selectedImageKeys = selectedLineString && selectedLineString.properties.coordinateProperties.image_keys || []; // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           var highlightedImageKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredImageKeys, selectedImageKeys);
-           context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
-             return highlightedImageKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1;
-           }).classed('hovered', function (d) {
-             return d.key === hoveredImageKey;
-           });
-           context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .sequence').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
-             return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey;
-           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
-             return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey;
-           }); // update viewfields if needed
+       //
+       // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object with a `restrictionID` property.
+       // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
+       //
 
-           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group .viewfield').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
+       function actionUnrestrictTurn(turn) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return actionDeleteRelation(turn.restrictionID)(graph);
+         };
+       }
 
-           function viewfieldPath() {
-             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
+       /* Reflect the given area around its axis of symmetry */
 
-             if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedImageKey) {
-               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
-             } else {
-               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
-             }
-           }
+       function actionReflect(reflectIds, projection) {
+         var _useLongAxis = true;
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         updateDetections: function updateDetections(imageKey, url) {
-           if (!_mlyViewer || _mlyFallback) return;
-           if (!imageKey) return;
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(reflectIds, graph);
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points); // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
+           // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
+           // Reflect across the longer axis by default.
 
-           if (!_mlyCache.image_detections.forImageKey[imageKey]) {
-             loadData('image_detections', url).then(function () {
-               showDetections(_mlyCache.image_detections.forImageKey[imageKey] || []);
-             });
+           var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2];
+           var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2];
+           var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2];
+           var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2];
+           var p, q;
+           var isLong = geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2);
+
+           if (_useLongAxis && isLong || !_useLongAxis && !isLong) {
+             p = p1;
+             q = q1;
            } else {
-             showDetections(_mlyCache.image_detections.forImageKey[imageKey]);
-           }
+             p = p2;
+             q = q2;
+           } // reflect c across pq
+           // http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/65503/point-reflection-over-a-line
 
-           function showDetections(detections) {
-             detections.forEach(function (data) {
-               var tag = makeTag(data);
 
-               if (tag) {
-                 var tagComponent = _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag');
+           var dx = q[0] - p[0];
+           var dy = q[1] - p[1];
+           var a = (dx * dx - dy * dy) / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
+           var b = 2 * dx * dy / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
 
-                 tagComponent.add([tag]);
-               }
-             });
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+             var node = nodes[i];
+             var c = projection(node.loc);
+             var c2 = [a * (c[0] - p[0]) + b * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[0], b * (c[0] - p[0]) - a * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[1]];
+             var loc2 = projection.invert(c2);
+             node = node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t));
+             graph = graph.replace(node);
            }
 
-           function makeTag(data) {
-             var valueParts = data.value.split('--');
-             if (!valueParts.length) return;
-             var tag;
-             var text;
-             var color = 0xffffff;
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-             if (_mlyHighlightedDetection === data.key) {
-               color = 0xffff00;
-               text = valueParts[1];
+         action.useLongAxis = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _useLongAxis;
+           _useLongAxis = val;
+           return action;
+         };
 
-               if (text === 'flat' || text === 'discrete' || text === 'sign') {
-                 text = valueParts[2];
-               }
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-               text = text.replace(/-/g, ' ');
-               text = text.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + text.slice(1);
-               _mlyHighlightedDetection = null;
-             }
+       function actionUpgradeTags(entityId, oldTags, replaceTags) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-             if (data.shape.type === 'Polygon') {
-               var polygonGeometry = new Mapillary.TagComponent.PolygonGeometry(data.shape.coordinates[0]);
-               tag = new Mapillary.TagComponent.OutlineTag(data.key, polygonGeometry, {
-                 text: text,
-                 textColor: color,
-                 lineColor: color,
-                 lineWidth: 2,
-                 fillColor: color,
-                 fillOpacity: 0.3
-               });
-             } else if (data.shape.type === 'Point') {
-               var pointGeometry = new Mapillary.TagComponent.PointGeometry(data.shape.coordinates[0]);
-               tag = new Mapillary.TagComponent.SpotTag(data.key, pointGeometry, {
-                 text: text,
-                 color: color,
-                 textColor: color
-               });
-             }
+           var transferValue;
+           var semiIndex;
 
-             return tag;
-           }
-         },
-         cache: function cache() {
-           return _mlyCache;
-         }
-       };
+           for (var oldTagKey in oldTags) {
+             if (!(oldTagKey in tags)) continue; // wildcard match
 
-       function validationIssue(attrs) {
-         this.type = attrs.type; // required - name of rule that created the issue (e.g. 'missing_tag')
+             if (oldTags[oldTagKey] === '*') {
+               // note the value since we might need to transfer it
+               transferValue = tags[oldTagKey];
+               delete tags[oldTagKey]; // exact match
+             } else if (oldTags[oldTagKey] === tags[oldTagKey]) {
+               delete tags[oldTagKey]; // match is within semicolon-delimited values
+             } else {
+               var vals = tags[oldTagKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
+               var oldIndex = vals.indexOf(oldTags[oldTagKey]);
 
-         this.subtype = attrs.subtype; // optional - category of the issue within the type (e.g. 'relation_type' under 'missing_tag')
+               if (vals.length === 1 || oldIndex === -1) {
+                 delete tags[oldTagKey];
+               } else {
+                 if (replaceTags && replaceTags[oldTagKey]) {
+                   // replacing a value within a semicolon-delimited value, note the index
+                   semiIndex = oldIndex;
+                 }
 
-         this.severity = attrs.severity; // required - 'warning' or 'error'
+                 vals.splice(oldIndex, 1);
+                 tags[oldTagKey] = vals.join(';');
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-         this.message = attrs.message; // required - function returning localized string
+           if (replaceTags) {
+             for (var replaceKey in replaceTags) {
+               var replaceValue = replaceTags[replaceKey];
 
-         this.reference = attrs.reference; // optional - function(selection) to render reference information
+               if (replaceValue === '*') {
+                 if (tags[replaceKey] && tags[replaceKey] !== 'no') {
+                   // allow any pre-existing value except `no` (troll tag)
+                   continue;
+                 } else {
+                   // otherwise assume `yes` is okay
+                   tags[replaceKey] = 'yes';
+                 }
+               } else if (replaceValue === '$1') {
+                 tags[replaceKey] = transferValue;
+               } else {
+                 if (tags[replaceKey] && oldTags[replaceKey] && semiIndex !== undefined) {
+                   // don't override preexisting values
+                   var existingVals = tags[replaceKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
 
-         this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds; // optional - array of IDs of entities involved in the issue
+                   if (existingVals.indexOf(replaceValue) === -1) {
+                     existingVals.splice(semiIndex, 0, replaceValue);
+                     tags[replaceKey] = existingVals.join(';');
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   tags[replaceKey] = replaceValue;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-         this.loc = attrs.loc; // optional - [lon, lat] to zoom in on to see the issue
+           return graph.replace(entity.update({
+             tags: tags
+           }));
+         };
+       }
 
-         this.data = attrs.data; // optional - object containing extra data for the fixes
+       function behaviorEdit(context) {
+         function behavior() {
+           context.map().minzoom(context.minEditableZoom());
+         }
 
-         this.dynamicFixes = attrs.dynamicFixes; // optional - function(context) returning fixes
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           context.map().minzoom(0);
+         };
 
-         this.hash = attrs.hash; // optional - string to further differentiate the issue
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
-         this.id = generateID.apply(this); // generated - see below
+       /*
+          The hover behavior adds the `.hover` class on pointerover to all elements to which
+          the identical datum is bound, and removes it on pointerout.
 
-         this.autoFix = null; // generated - if autofix exists, will be set below
-         // A unique, deterministic string hash.
-         // Issues with identical id values are considered identical.
+          The :hover pseudo-class is insufficient for iD's purposes because a datum's visual
+          representation may consist of several elements scattered throughout the DOM hierarchy.
+          Only one of these elements can have the :hover pseudo-class, but all of them will
+          have the .hover class.
+        */
 
-         function generateID() {
-           var parts = [this.type];
+       function behaviorHover(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('hover');
 
-           if (this.hash) {
-             // subclasses can pass in their own differentiator
-             parts.push(this.hash);
-           }
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-           if (this.subtype) {
-             parts.push(this.subtype);
-           } // include the entities this issue is for
-           // (sort them so the id is deterministic)
+         var _newNodeId = null;
+         var _initialNodeID = null;
 
+         var _altDisables;
 
-           if (this.entityIds) {
-             var entityKeys = this.entityIds.slice().sort();
-             parts.push.apply(parts, entityKeys);
-           }
+         var _ignoreVertex;
 
-           return parts.join(':');
-         }
+         var _targets = []; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-         this.extent = function (resolver) {
-           if (this.loc) {
-             return geoExtent(this.loc);
-           }
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-           if (this.entityIds && this.entityIds.length) {
-             return this.entityIds.reduce(function (extent, entityId) {
-               return extent.extend(resolver.entity(entityId).extent(resolver));
-             }, geoExtent());
+         function keydown(d3_event) {
+           if (_altDisables && d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             _selection.selectAll('.hover').classed('hover-suppressed', true).classed('hover', false);
+
+             _selection.classed('hover-disabled', true);
+
+             dispatch.call('hover', this, null);
            }
+         }
 
-           return null;
-         };
+         function keyup(d3_event) {
+           if (_altDisables && d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed').classed('hover-suppressed', false).classed('hover', true);
 
-         this.fixes = function (context) {
-           var fixes = this.dynamicFixes ? this.dynamicFixes(context) : [];
-           var issue = this;
+             _selection.classed('hover-disabled', false);
 
-           if (issue.severity === 'warning') {
-             // allow ignoring any issue that's not an error
-             fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-               title: _t.html('issues.fix.ignore_issue.title'),
-               icon: 'iD-icon-close',
-               onClick: function onClick() {
-                 context.validator().ignoreIssue(this.issue.id);
-               }
-             }));
+             dispatch.call('hover', this, _targets);
            }
+         }
 
-           fixes.forEach(function (fix) {
-             // the id doesn't matter as long as it's unique to this issue/fix
-             fix.id = fix.title; // add a reference to the issue for use in actions
+         function behavior(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           _targets = [];
 
-             fix.issue = issue;
+           if (_initialNodeID) {
+             _newNodeId = _initialNodeID;
+             _initialNodeID = null;
+           } else {
+             _newNodeId = null;
+           }
 
-             if (fix.autoArgs) {
-               issue.autoFix = fix;
-             }
-           });
-           return fixes;
-         };
-       }
-       function validationIssueFix(attrs) {
-         this.title = attrs.title; // Required
+           _selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', pointerover).on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', pointerout) // treat pointerdown as pointerover for touch devices
+           .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', pointerover);
 
-         this.onClick = attrs.onClick; // Optional - the function to run to apply the fix
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', pointerout, true).on('keydown.hover', keydown).on('keyup.hover', keyup);
 
-         this.disabledReason = attrs.disabledReason; // Optional - a string explaining why the fix is unavailable, if any
+           function eventTarget(d3_event) {
+             var datum = d3_event.target && d3_event.target.__data__;
+             if (_typeof(datum) !== 'object') return null;
 
-         this.icon = attrs.icon; // Optional - shows 'iD-icon-wrench' if not set
+             if (!(datum instanceof osmEntity) && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity instanceof osmEntity) {
+               return datum.properties.entity;
+             }
 
-         this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds || []; // Optional - used for hover-higlighting.
+             return datum;
+           }
 
-         this.autoArgs = attrs.autoArgs; // Optional - pass [actions, annotation] arglist if this fix can automatically run
+           function pointerover(d3_event) {
+             // ignore mouse hovers with buttons pressed unless dragging
+             if (context.mode().id.indexOf('drag') === -1 && (!d3_event.pointerType || d3_event.pointerType === 'mouse') && d3_event.buttons) return;
+             var target = eventTarget(d3_event);
 
-         this.issue = null; // Generated link - added by validationIssue
-       }
+             if (target && _targets.indexOf(target) === -1) {
+               _targets.push(target);
 
-       var buildRuleChecks = function buildRuleChecks() {
-         return {
-           equals: function equals(_equals) {
-             return function (tags) {
-               return Object.keys(_equals).every(function (k) {
-                 return _equals[k] === tags[k];
-               });
-             };
-           },
-           notEquals: function notEquals(_notEquals) {
-             return function (tags) {
-               return Object.keys(_notEquals).some(function (k) {
-                 return _notEquals[k] !== tags[k];
-               });
-             };
-           },
-           absence: function absence(_absence) {
-             return function (tags) {
-               return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(_absence) === -1;
-             };
-           },
-           presence: function presence(_presence) {
-             return function (tags) {
-               return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(_presence) > -1;
-             };
-           },
-           greaterThan: function greaterThan(_greaterThan) {
-             var key = Object.keys(_greaterThan)[0];
-             var value = _greaterThan[key];
-             return function (tags) {
-               return tags[key] > value;
-             };
-           },
-           greaterThanEqual: function greaterThanEqual(_greaterThanEqual) {
-             var key = Object.keys(_greaterThanEqual)[0];
-             var value = _greaterThanEqual[key];
-             return function (tags) {
-               return tags[key] >= value;
-             };
-           },
-           lessThan: function lessThan(_lessThan) {
-             var key = Object.keys(_lessThan)[0];
-             var value = _lessThan[key];
-             return function (tags) {
-               return tags[key] < value;
-             };
-           },
-           lessThanEqual: function lessThanEqual(_lessThanEqual) {
-             var key = Object.keys(_lessThanEqual)[0];
-             var value = _lessThanEqual[key];
-             return function (tags) {
-               return tags[key] <= value;
-             };
-           },
-           positiveRegex: function positiveRegex(_positiveRegex) {
-             var tagKey = Object.keys(_positiveRegex)[0];
+               updateHover(d3_event, _targets);
+             }
+           }
 
-             var expression = _positiveRegex[tagKey].join('|');
+           function pointerout(d3_event) {
+             var target = eventTarget(d3_event);
 
-             var regex = new RegExp(expression);
-             return function (tags) {
-               return regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
-             };
-           },
-           negativeRegex: function negativeRegex(_negativeRegex) {
-             var tagKey = Object.keys(_negativeRegex)[0];
+             var index = _targets.indexOf(target);
 
-             var expression = _negativeRegex[tagKey].join('|');
+             if (index !== -1) {
+               _targets.splice(index);
 
-             var regex = new RegExp(expression);
-             return function (tags) {
-               return !regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
-             };
+               updateHover(d3_event, _targets);
+             }
            }
-         };
-       };
 
-       var buildLineKeys = function buildLineKeys() {
-         return {
-           highway: {
-             rest_area: true,
-             services: true
-           },
-           railway: {
-             roundhouse: true,
-             station: true,
-             traverser: true,
-             turntable: true,
-             wash: true
+           function allowsVertex(d) {
+             return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
            }
-         };
-       };
 
-       var serviceMapRules = {
-         init: function init() {
-           this._ruleChecks = buildRuleChecks();
-           this._validationRules = [];
-           this._areaKeys = osmAreaKeys;
-           this._lineKeys = buildLineKeys();
-         },
-         // list of rules only relevant to tag checks...
-         filterRuleChecks: function filterRuleChecks(selector) {
-           var _ruleChecks = this._ruleChecks;
-           return Object.keys(selector).reduce(function (rules, key) {
-             if (['geometry', 'error', 'warning'].indexOf(key) === -1) {
-               rules.push(_ruleChecks[key](selector[key]));
+           function modeAllowsHover(target) {
+             var mode = context.mode();
+
+             if (mode.id === 'add-point') {
+               return mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex') || target.type !== 'way' && target.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex';
              }
 
-             return rules;
-           }, []);
-         },
-         // builds tagMap from mapcss-parse selector object...
-         buildTagMap: function buildTagMap(selector) {
-           var getRegexValues = function getRegexValues(regexes) {
-             return regexes.map(function (regex) {
-               return regex.replace(/\$|\^/g, '');
-             });
-           };
+             return true;
+           }
 
-           var tagMap = Object.keys(selector).reduce(function (expectedTags, key) {
-             var values;
-             var isRegex = /regex/gi.test(key);
-             var isEqual = /equals/gi.test(key);
+           function updateHover(d3_event, targets) {
+             _selection.selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
 
-             if (isRegex || isEqual) {
-               Object.keys(selector[key]).forEach(function (selectorKey) {
-                 values = isEqual ? [selector[key][selectorKey]] : getRegexValues(selector[key][selectorKey]);
+             _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed').classed('hover-suppressed', false);
 
-                 if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(selectorKey)) {
-                   values = values.concat(expectedTags[selectorKey]);
-                 }
+             var mode = context.mode();
 
-                 expectedTags[selectorKey] = values;
+             if (!_newNodeId && (mode.id === 'draw-line' || mode.id === 'draw-area')) {
+               var node = targets.find(function (target) {
+                 return target instanceof osmEntity && target.type === 'node';
                });
-             } else if (/(greater|less)Than(Equal)?|presence/g.test(key)) {
-               var tagKey = /presence/.test(key) ? selector[key] : Object.keys(selector[key])[0];
-               values = [selector[key][tagKey]];
-
-               if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(tagKey)) {
-                 values = values.concat(expectedTags[tagKey]);
-               }
-
-               expectedTags[tagKey] = values;
+               _newNodeId = node && node.id;
              }
 
-             return expectedTags;
-           }, {});
-           return tagMap;
-         },
-         // inspired by osmWay#isArea()
-         inferGeometry: function inferGeometry(tagMap) {
-           var _lineKeys = this._lineKeys;
-           var _areaKeys = this._areaKeys;
+             targets = targets.filter(function (datum) {
+               if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
+                 // If drawing a way, don't hover on a node that was just placed. #3974
+                 return datum.id !== _newNodeId && (datum.type !== 'node' || !_ignoreVertex || allowsVertex(datum)) && modeAllowsHover(datum);
+               }
 
-           var keyValueDoesNotImplyArea = function keyValueDoesNotImplyArea(key) {
-             return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_areaKeys[key])).length > 0;
-           };
+               return true;
+             });
+             var selector = '';
 
-           var keyValueImpliesLine = function keyValueImpliesLine(key) {
-             return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_lineKeys[key])).length > 0;
-           };
+             for (var i in targets) {
+               var datum = targets[i]; // What are we hovering over?
 
-           if (tagMap.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
-             if (tagMap.area.indexOf('yes') > -1) {
-               return 'area';
-             }
+               if (datum.__featurehash__) {
+                 // hovering custom data
+                 selector += ', .data' + datum.__featurehash__;
+               } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
+                 selector += ', .' + datum.service + '.itemId-' + datum.id;
+               } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
+                 selector += ', .note-' + datum.id;
+               } else if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
+                 selector += ', .' + datum.id;
 
-             if (tagMap.area.indexOf('no') > -1) {
-               return 'line';
+                 if (datum.type === 'relation') {
+                   for (var j in datum.members) {
+                     selector += ', .' + datum.members[j].id;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
              }
-           }
 
-           for (var key in tagMap) {
-             if (key in _areaKeys && !keyValueDoesNotImplyArea(key)) {
-               return 'area';
-             }
+             var suppressed = _altDisables && d3_event && d3_event.altKey;
 
-             if (key in _lineKeys && keyValueImpliesLine(key)) {
-               return 'area';
-             }
-           }
+             if (selector.trim().length) {
+               // remove the first comma
+               selector = selector.slice(1);
 
-           return 'line';
-         },
-         // adds from mapcss-parse selector check...
-         addRule: function addRule(selector) {
-           var rule = {
-             // checks relevant to mapcss-selector
-             checks: this.filterRuleChecks(selector),
-             // true if all conditions for a tag error are true..
-             matches: function matches(entity) {
-               return this.checks.every(function (check) {
-                 return check(entity.tags);
-               });
-             },
-             // borrowed from Way#isArea()
-             inferredGeometry: this.inferGeometry(this.buildTagMap(selector), this._areaKeys),
-             geometryMatches: function geometryMatches(entity, graph) {
-               if (entity.type === 'node' || entity.type === 'relation') {
-                 return selector.geometry === entity.type;
-               } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                 return this.inferredGeometry === entity.geometry(graph);
-               }
-             },
-             // when geometries match and tag matches are present, return a warning...
-             findIssues: function findIssues(entity, graph, issues) {
-               if (this.geometryMatches(entity, graph) && this.matches(entity)) {
-                 var severity = Object.keys(selector).indexOf('error') > -1 ? 'error' : 'warning';
-                 var _message = selector[severity];
-                 issues.push(new validationIssue({
-                   type: 'maprules',
-                   severity: severity,
-                   message: function message() {
-                     return _message;
-                   },
-                   entityIds: [entity.id]
-                 }));
-               }
+               _selection.selectAll(selector).classed(suppressed ? 'hover-suppressed' : 'hover', true);
              }
-           };
 
-           this._validationRules.push(rule);
-         },
-         clearRules: function clearRules() {
-           this._validationRules = [];
-         },
-         // returns validationRules...
-         validationRules: function validationRules() {
-           return this._validationRules;
-         },
-         // returns ruleChecks
-         ruleChecks: function ruleChecks() {
-           return this._ruleChecks;
+             dispatch.call('hover', this, !suppressed && targets);
+           }
          }
-       };
-
-       var apibase$1 = 'https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/';
-       var _inflight = {};
 
-       var _nominatimCache;
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           selection.selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
+           selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed').classed('hover-suppressed', false);
+           selection.classed('hover-disabled', false);
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', null);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', null, true).on('keydown.hover', null).on('keyup.hover', null);
+         };
 
-       var serviceNominatim = {
-         init: function init() {
-           _inflight = {};
-           _nominatimCache = new RBush();
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           Object.values(_inflight).forEach(function (controller) {
-             controller.abort();
-           });
-           _inflight = {};
-           _nominatimCache = new RBush();
-         },
-         countryCode: function countryCode(location, callback) {
-           this.reverse(location, function (err, result) {
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err);
-             } else if (result.address) {
-               return callback(null, result.address.country_code);
-             } else {
-               return callback('Unable to geocode', null);
-             }
-           });
-         },
-         reverse: function reverse(loc, callback) {
-           var cached = _nominatimCache.search({
-             minX: loc[0],
-             minY: loc[1],
-             maxX: loc[0],
-             maxY: loc[1]
-           });
+         behavior.altDisables = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _altDisables;
+           _altDisables = val;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-           if (cached.length > 0) {
-             if (callback) callback(null, cached[0].data);
-             return;
-           }
+         behavior.ignoreVertex = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _ignoreVertex;
+           _ignoreVertex = val;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-           var params = {
-             zoom: 13,
-             format: 'json',
-             addressdetails: 1,
-             lat: loc[1],
-             lon: loc[0]
-           };
-           var url = apibase$1 + 'reverse?' + utilQsString(params);
-           if (_inflight[url]) return;
-           var controller = new AbortController();
-           _inflight[url] = controller;
-           d3_json(url, {
-             signal: controller.signal
-           }).then(function (result) {
-             delete _inflight[url];
+         behavior.initialNodeID = function (nodeId) {
+           _initialNodeID = nodeId;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-             if (result && result.error) {
-               throw new Error(result.error);
-             }
+         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-             var extent = geoExtent(loc).padByMeters(200);
+       var _disableSpace = false;
+       var _lastSpace = null;
+       function behaviorDraw(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('move', 'down', 'downcancel', 'click', 'clickWay', 'clickNode', 'undo', 'cancel', 'finish');
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('draw');
 
-             _nominatimCache.insert(Object.assign(extent.bbox(), {
-               data: result
-             }));
+         var _hover = behaviorHover(context).altDisables(true).ignoreVertex(true).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
 
-             if (callback) callback(null, result);
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             delete _inflight[url];
-             if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
-             if (callback) callback(err.message);
-           });
-         },
-         search: function search(val, callback) {
-           var searchVal = encodeURIComponent(val);
-           var url = apibase$1 + 'search/' + searchVal + '?limit=10&format=json';
-           if (_inflight[url]) return;
-           var controller = new AbortController();
-           _inflight[url] = controller;
-           d3_json(url, {
-             signal: controller.signal
-           }).then(function (result) {
-             delete _inflight[url];
+         var _edit = behaviorEdit(context);
 
-             if (result && result.error) {
-               throw new Error(result.error);
-             }
+         var _closeTolerance = 4;
+         var _tolerance = 12;
+         var _mouseLeave = false;
+         var _lastMouse = null;
 
-             if (callback) callback(null, result);
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             delete _inflight[url];
-             if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
-             if (callback) callback(err.message);
-           });
-         }
-       };
+         var _lastPointerUpEvent;
 
-       var apibase$2 = 'https://openstreetcam.org';
-       var maxResults$1 = 1000;
-       var tileZoom$1 = 14;
-       var tiler$4 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom$1, tileZoom$1]).skipNullIsland(true);
-       var dispatch$5 = dispatch('loadedImages');
-       var imgZoom = d3_zoom().extent([[0, 0], [320, 240]]).translateExtent([[0, 0], [320, 240]]).scaleExtent([1, 15]);
+         var _downPointer; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-       var _oscCache;
 
-       var _oscSelectedImage;
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse'; // related code
+         // - `mode/drag_node.js` `datum()`
 
-       var _loadViewerPromise$1;
 
-       function abortRequest$4(controller) {
-         controller.abort();
-       }
+         function datum(d3_event) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var isNote = mode && mode.id.indexOf('note') !== -1;
+           if (d3_event.altKey || isNote) return {};
+           var element;
 
-       function maxPageAtZoom$1(z) {
-         if (z < 15) return 2;
-         if (z === 15) return 5;
-         if (z === 16) return 10;
-         if (z === 17) return 20;
-         if (z === 18) return 40;
-         if (z > 18) return 80;
-       }
+           if (d3_event.type === 'keydown') {
+             element = _lastMouse && _lastMouse.target;
+           } else {
+             element = d3_event.target;
+           } // When drawing, snap only to touch targets..
+           // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
 
-       function loadTiles$1(which, url, projection) {
-         var currZoom = Math.floor(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()));
-         var tiles = tiler$4.getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-         var cache = _oscCache[which];
-         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
-           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
-             return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0;
-           });
+           var d = element.__data__;
+           return d && d.properties && d.properties.target ? d : {};
+         }
 
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest$4(cache.inflight[k]);
-             delete cache.inflight[k];
-           }
-         });
-         tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-           loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
-         });
-       }
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           if (_downPointer) return;
+           var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
+           _downPointer = {
+             id: d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse',
+             pointerLocGetter: pointerLocGetter,
+             downTime: +new Date(),
+             downLoc: pointerLocGetter(d3_event)
+           };
+           dispatch.call('down', this, d3_event, datum(d3_event));
+         }
 
-       function loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile) {
-         var cache = _oscCache[which];
-         var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
-         var maxPages = maxPageAtZoom$1(currZoom);
-         var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 1;
-         var params = utilQsString({
-           ipp: maxResults$1,
-           page: nextPage,
-           // client_id: clientId,
-           bbTopLeft: [bbox.maxY, bbox.minX].join(','),
-           bbBottomRight: [bbox.minY, bbox.maxX].join(',')
-         }, true);
-         if (nextPage > maxPages) return;
-         var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
-         if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
-         var controller = new AbortController();
-         cache.inflight[id] = controller;
-         var options = {
-           method: 'POST',
-           signal: controller.signal,
-           body: params,
-           headers: {
-             'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
-           }
-         };
-         d3_json(url, options).then(function (data) {
-           cache.loaded[id] = true;
-           delete cache.inflight[id];
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           if (!_downPointer || _downPointer.id !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+           var downPointer = _downPointer;
+           _downPointer = null;
+           _lastPointerUpEvent = d3_event;
+           if (downPointer.isCancelled) return;
+           var t2 = +new Date();
+           var p2 = downPointer.pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
+           var dist = geoVecLength(downPointer.downLoc, p2);
 
-           if (!data || !data.currentPageItems || !data.currentPageItems.length) {
-             throw new Error('No Data');
+           if (dist < _closeTolerance || dist < _tolerance && t2 - downPointer.downTime < 500) {
+             // Prevent a quick second click
+             select(window).on('click.draw-block', function () {
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }, true);
+             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false);
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
+               select(window).on('click.draw-block', null);
+             }, 500);
+             click(d3_event, p2);
            }
+         }
 
-           var features = data.currentPageItems.map(function (item) {
-             var loc = [+item.lng, +item.lat];
-             var d;
-
-             if (which === 'images') {
-               d = {
-                 loc: loc,
-                 key: item.id,
-                 ca: +item.heading,
-                 captured_at: item.shot_date || item.date_added,
-                 captured_by: item.username,
-                 imagePath: item.lth_name,
-                 sequence_id: item.sequence_id,
-                 sequence_index: +item.sequence_index
-               }; // cache sequence info
-
-               var seq = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
+         function pointermove(d3_event) {
+           if (_downPointer && _downPointer.id === (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse') && !_downPointer.isCancelled) {
+             var p2 = _downPointer.pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
 
-               if (!seq) {
-                 seq = {
-                   rotation: 0,
-                   images: []
-                 };
-                 _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id] = seq;
-               }
+             var dist = geoVecLength(_downPointer.downLoc, p2);
 
-               seq.images[d.sequence_index] = d;
-               _oscCache.images.forImageKey[d.key] = d; // cache imageKey -> image
+             if (dist >= _closeTolerance) {
+               _downPointer.isCancelled = true;
+               dispatch.call('downcancel', this);
              }
+           }
 
-             return {
-               minX: loc[0],
-               minY: loc[1],
-               maxX: loc[0],
-               maxY: loc[1],
-               data: d
-             };
-           });
-           cache.rtree.load(features);
+           if (d3_event.pointerType && d3_event.pointerType !== 'mouse' || d3_event.buttons || _downPointer) return; // HACK: Mobile Safari likes to send one or more `mouse` type pointermove
+           // events immediately after non-mouse pointerup events; detect and ignore them.
 
-           if (data.currentPageItems.length === maxResults$1) {
-             // more pages to load
-             cache.nextPage[tile.id] = nextPage + 1;
-             loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
-           } else {
-             cache.nextPage[tile.id] = Infinity; // no more pages to load
-           }
+           if (_lastPointerUpEvent && _lastPointerUpEvent.pointerType !== 'mouse' && d3_event.timeStamp - _lastPointerUpEvent.timeStamp < 100) return;
+           _lastMouse = d3_event;
+           dispatch.call('move', this, d3_event, datum(d3_event));
+         }
 
-           if (which === 'images') {
-             dispatch$5.call('loadedImages');
+         function pointercancel(d3_event) {
+           if (_downPointer && _downPointer.id === (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) {
+             if (!_downPointer.isCancelled) {
+               dispatch.call('downcancel', this);
+             }
+
+             _downPointer = null;
            }
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           cache.loaded[id] = true;
-           delete cache.inflight[id];
-         });
-       } // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
+         }
 
+         function mouseenter() {
+           _mouseLeave = false;
+         }
 
-       function partitionViewport$1(projection) {
-         var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-         var z2 = Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2 + 2.5; // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
+         function mouseleave() {
+           _mouseLeave = true;
+         }
 
-         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
-         return tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
-           return tile.extent;
-         });
-       } // no more than `limit` results per partition.
+         function allowsVertex(d) {
+           return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
+         } // related code
+         // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
+         // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
+         // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
 
 
-       function searchLimited$1(limit, projection, rtree) {
-         limit = limit || 5;
-         return partitionViewport$1(projection).reduce(function (result, extent) {
-           var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox()).slice(0, limit).map(function (d) {
-             return d.data;
-           });
-           return found.length ? result.concat(found) : result;
-         }, []);
-       }
+         function click(d3_event, loc) {
+           var d = datum(d3_event);
+           var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;
+           var mode = context.mode();
 
-       var serviceOpenstreetcam = {
-         init: function init() {
-           if (!_oscCache) {
-             this.reset();
-           }
+           if (target && target.type === 'node' && allowsVertex(target)) {
+             // Snap to a node
+             dispatch.call('clickNode', this, target, d);
+             return;
+           } else if (target && target.type === 'way' && (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex'))) {
+             // Snap to a way
+             var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(target), loc, context.projection, context.activeID());
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$5, 'on');
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           if (_oscCache) {
-             Object.values(_oscCache.images.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$4);
+             if (choice) {
+               var edge = [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]];
+               dispatch.call('clickWay', this, choice.loc, edge, d);
+               return;
+             }
+           } else if (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('point')) {
+             var locLatLng = context.projection.invert(loc);
+             dispatch.call('click', this, locLatLng, d);
            }
+         } // treat a spacebar press like a click
 
-           _oscCache = {
-             images: {
-               inflight: {},
-               loaded: {},
-               nextPage: {},
-               rtree: new RBush(),
-               forImageKey: {}
-             },
-             sequences: {}
-           };
-           _oscSelectedImage = null;
-         },
-         images: function images(projection) {
-           var limit = 5;
-           return searchLimited$1(limit, projection, _oscCache.images.rtree);
-         },
-         sequences: function sequences(projection) {
-           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-           var sequenceKeys = {}; // all sequences for images in viewport
-
-           _oscCache.images.rtree.search(bbox).forEach(function (d) {
-             sequenceKeys[d.data.sequence_id] = true;
-           }); // make linestrings from those sequences
 
+         function space(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           var currSpace = context.map().mouse();
 
-           var lineStrings = [];
-           Object.keys(sequenceKeys).forEach(function (sequenceKey) {
-             var seq = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
-             var images = seq && seq.images;
+           if (_disableSpace && _lastSpace) {
+             var dist = geoVecLength(_lastSpace, currSpace);
 
-             if (images) {
-               lineStrings.push({
-                 type: 'LineString',
-                 coordinates: images.map(function (d) {
-                   return d.loc;
-                 }).filter(Boolean),
-                 properties: {
-                   captured_at: images[0] ? images[0].captured_at : null,
-                   captured_by: images[0] ? images[0].captured_by : null,
-                   key: sequenceKey
-                 }
-               });
+             if (dist > _tolerance) {
+               _disableSpace = false;
              }
-           });
-           return lineStrings;
-         },
-         cachedImage: function cachedImage(imageKey) {
-           return _oscCache.images.forImageKey[imageKey];
-         },
-         loadImages: function loadImages(projection) {
-           var url = apibase$2 + '/1.0/list/nearby-photos/';
-           loadTiles$1('images', url, projection);
-         },
-         ensureViewerLoaded: function ensureViewerLoaded(context) {
-           if (_loadViewerPromise$1) return _loadViewerPromise$1; // add osc-wrapper
-
-           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.osc-wrapper').data([0]);
-           var that = this;
-           var wrapEnter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'photo-wrapper osc-wrapper').classed('hide', true).call(imgZoom.on('zoom', zoomPan)).on('dblclick.zoom', null);
-           wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');
-           var controlsEnter = wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap').append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls');
-           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.back', step(-1)).html('◄');
-           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.rotate-ccw', rotate(-90)).html('⤿');
-           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.rotate-cw', rotate(90)).html('⤾');
-           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.forward', step(1)).html('►');
-           wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'osc-image-wrap'); // Register viewer resize handler
+           }
 
-           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.openstreetcam', function (dimensions) {
-             imgZoom = d3_zoom().extent([[0, 0], dimensions]).translateExtent([[0, 0], dimensions]).scaleExtent([1, 15]).on('zoom', zoomPan);
-           });
+           if (_disableSpace || _mouseLeave || !_lastMouse) return; // user must move mouse or release space bar to allow another click
 
-           function zoomPan(d3_event) {
-             var t = d3_event.transform;
-             context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-image-wrap').call(utilSetTransform, t.x, t.y, t.k);
-           }
+           _lastSpace = currSpace;
+           _disableSpace = true;
+           select(window).on('keyup.space-block', function () {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             _disableSpace = false;
+             select(window).on('keyup.space-block', null);
+           }); // get the current mouse position
 
-           function rotate(deg) {
-             return function () {
-               if (!_oscSelectedImage) return;
-               var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
-               var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
-               if (!sequence) return;
-               var r = sequence.rotation || 0;
-               r += deg;
-               if (r > 180) r -= 360;
-               if (r < -180) r += 360;
-               sequence.rotation = r;
-               var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-wrapper');
-               wrap.transition().duration(100).call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);
-               wrap.selectAll('.osc-image').transition().duration(100).style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');
-             };
-           }
+           var loc = context.map().mouse() || // or the map center if the mouse has never entered the map
+           context.projection(context.map().center());
+           click(d3_event, loc);
+         }
 
-           function step(stepBy) {
-             return function () {
-               if (!_oscSelectedImage) return;
-               var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
-               var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
-               if (!sequence) return;
-               var nextIndex = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_index + stepBy;
-               var nextImage = sequence.images[nextIndex];
-               if (!nextImage) return;
-               context.map().centerEase(nextImage.loc);
-               that.selectImage(context, nextImage.key);
-             };
-           } // don't need any async loading so resolve immediately
+         function backspace(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           dispatch.call('undo');
+         }
 
+         function del(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           dispatch.call('cancel');
+         }
 
-           _loadViewerPromise$1 = Promise.resolve();
-           return _loadViewerPromise$1;
-         },
-         showViewer: function showViewer(context) {
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer').classed('hide', false);
-           var isHidden = viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.osc-wrapper.hide').size();
+         function ret(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           dispatch.call('finish');
+         }
 
-           if (isHidden) {
-             viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.osc-wrapper)').classed('hide', true);
-             viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.osc-wrapper').classed('hide', false);
-           }
+         function behavior(selection) {
+           context.install(_hover);
+           context.install(_edit);
+           _downPointer = null;
+           keybinding.on('⌫', backspace).on('⌦', del).on('⎋', ret).on('↩', ret).on('space', space).on('⌥space', space);
+           selection.on('mouseenter.draw', mouseenter).on('mouseleave.draw', mouseleave).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', pointerdown).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', pointermove);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', pointerup, true).on('pointercancel.draw', pointercancel, true);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+           return behavior;
+         }
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         hideViewer: function hideViewer(context) {
-           _oscSelectedImage = null;
-           this.updateUrlImage(null);
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
-           viewer.classed('hide', true).selectAll('.photo-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
-           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign').classed('currentView', false);
-           return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
-         },
-         selectImage: function selectImage(context, imageKey) {
-           var d = this.cachedImage(imageKey);
-           _oscSelectedImage = d;
-           this.updateUrlImage(imageKey);
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
-           this.setStyles(context, null, true);
-           context.container().selectAll('.icon-sign').classed('currentView', false);
-           if (!d) return this;
-           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-wrapper');
-           var imageWrap = wrap.selectAll('.osc-image-wrap');
-           var attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').html('');
-           wrap.transition().duration(100).call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);
-           imageWrap.selectAll('.osc-image').remove();
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
+           context.uninstall(_hover);
+           context.uninstall(_edit);
+           selection.on('mouseenter.draw', null).on('mouseleave.draw', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', null);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', null).on('pointercancel.draw', null); // note: keyup.space-block, click.draw-block should remain
 
-           if (d) {
-             var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
-             var r = sequence && sequence.rotation || 0;
-             imageWrap.append('img').attr('class', 'osc-image').attr('src', apibase$2 + '/' + d.imagePath).style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+         };
 
-             if (d.captured_by) {
-               attribution.append('a').attr('class', 'captured_by').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://openstreetcam.org/user/' + encodeURIComponent(d.captured_by)).html('@' + d.captured_by);
-               attribution.append('span').html('|');
-             }
+         behavior.hover = function () {
+           return _hover;
+         };
 
-             if (d.captured_at) {
-               attribution.append('span').attr('class', 'captured_at').html(localeDateString(d.captured_at));
-               attribution.append('span').html('|');
-             }
+         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-             attribution.append('a').attr('class', 'image-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://openstreetcam.org/details/' + d.sequence_id + '/' + d.sequence_index).html('openstreetcam.org');
-           }
+       function initRange(domain, range) {
+         switch (arguments.length) {
+           case 0:
+             break;
 
-           return this;
+           case 1:
+             this.range(domain);
+             break;
 
-           function localeDateString(s) {
-             if (!s) return null;
-             var options = {
-               day: 'numeric',
-               month: 'short',
-               year: 'numeric'
-             };
-             var d = new Date(s);
-             if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-             return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-           }
-         },
-         getSelectedImage: function getSelectedImage() {
-           return _oscSelectedImage;
-         },
-         getSequenceKeyForImage: function getSequenceKeyForImage(d) {
-           return d && d.sequence_id;
-         },
-         // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
-         // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
-         // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
-         setStyles: function setStyles(context, hovered, reset) {
-           if (reset) {
-             // reset all layers
-             context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', false).classed('hovered', false).classed('currentView', false);
-             context.container().selectAll('.sequence').classed('highlighted', false).classed('currentView', false);
-           }
+           default:
+             this.range(range).domain(domain);
+             break;
+         }
 
-           var hoveredImageKey = hovered && hovered.key;
-           var hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(hovered);
-           var hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
-           var hoveredImageKeys = hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.images.map(function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }) || [];
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
-           var selectedImageKey = selected && selected.key;
-           var selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(selected);
-           var selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
-           var selectedImageKeys = selectedSequence && selectedSequence.images.map(function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }) || []; // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
+         return this;
+       }
 
-           var highlightedImageKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredImageKeys, selectedImageKeys);
-           context.container().selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam .viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
-             return highlightedImageKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1;
-           }).classed('hovered', function (d) {
-             return d.key === hoveredImageKey;
-           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
-             return d.key === selectedImageKey;
-           });
-           context.container().selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam .sequence').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
-             return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey;
-           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
-             return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey;
-           }); // update viewfields if needed
+       function constants(x) {
+         return function () {
+           return x;
+         };
+       }
 
-           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group .viewfield').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
+       function number(x) {
+         return +x;
+       }
 
-           function viewfieldPath() {
-             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
+       var unit = [0, 1];
+       function identity$1(x) {
+         return x;
+       }
 
-             if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedImageKey) {
-               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
-             } else {
-               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
-             }
-           }
+       function normalize(a, b) {
+         return (b -= a = +a) ? function (x) {
+           return (x - a) / b;
+         } : constants(isNaN(b) ? NaN : 0.5);
+       }
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         updateUrlImage: function updateUrlImage(imageKey) {
-           if (!window.mocha) {
-             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+       function clamper(a, b) {
+         var t;
+         if (a > b) t = a, a = b, b = t;
+         return function (x) {
+           return Math.max(a, Math.min(b, x));
+         };
+       } // normalize(a, b)(x) takes a domain value x in [a,b] and returns the corresponding parameter t in [0,1].
+       // interpolate(a, b)(t) takes a parameter t in [0,1] and returns the corresponding range value x in [a,b].
 
-             if (imageKey) {
-               hash.photo = 'openstreetcam/' + imageKey;
-             } else {
-               delete hash.photo;
-             }
 
-             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
-           }
-         },
-         cache: function cache() {
-           return _oscCache;
-         }
-       };
+       function bimap(domain, range, interpolate) {
+         var d0 = domain[0],
+             d1 = domain[1],
+             r0 = range[0],
+             r1 = range[1];
+         if (d1 < d0) d0 = normalize(d1, d0), r0 = interpolate(r1, r0);else d0 = normalize(d0, d1), r0 = interpolate(r0, r1);
+         return function (x) {
+           return r0(d0(x));
+         };
+       }
 
-       var FORCED$f = fails(function () {
-         return new Date(NaN).toJSON() !== null
-           || Date.prototype.toJSON.call({ toISOString: function () { return 1; } }) !== 1;
-       });
+       function polymap(domain, range, interpolate) {
+         var j = Math.min(domain.length, range.length) - 1,
+             d = new Array(j),
+             r = new Array(j),
+             i = -1; // Reverse descending domains.
 
-       // `Date.prototype.toJSON` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.tojson
-       _export({ target: 'Date', proto: true, forced: FORCED$f }, {
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-         toJSON: function toJSON(key) {
-           var O = toObject(this);
-           var pv = toPrimitive(O);
-           return typeof pv == 'number' && !isFinite(pv) ? null : O.toISOString();
+         if (domain[j] < domain[0]) {
+           domain = domain.slice().reverse();
+           range = range.slice().reverse();
          }
-       });
 
-       // `URL.prototype.toJSON` method
-       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-tojson
-       _export({ target: 'URL', proto: true, enumerable: true }, {
-         toJSON: function toJSON() {
-           return URL.prototype.toString.call(this);
+         while (++i < j) {
+           d[i] = normalize(domain[i], domain[i + 1]);
+           r[i] = interpolate(range[i], range[i + 1]);
          }
-       });
 
-       /**
-        * Checks if `value` is the
-        * [language type](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-ecmascript-language-types)
-        * of `Object`. (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 0.1.0
-        * @category Lang
-        * @param {*} value The value to check.
-        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an object, else `false`.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.isObject({});
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObject(_.noop);
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObject(null);
-        * // => false
-        */
-       function isObject$1(value) {
-         var type = _typeof(value);
+         return function (x) {
+           var i = bisectRight(domain, x, 1, j) - 1;
+           return r[i](d[i](x));
+         };
+       }
 
-         return value != null && (type == 'object' || type == 'function');
+       function copy(source, target) {
+         return target.domain(source.domain()).range(source.range()).interpolate(source.interpolate()).clamp(source.clamp()).unknown(source.unknown());
        }
+       function transformer() {
+         var domain = unit,
+             range = unit,
+             interpolate = interpolate$1,
+             transform,
+             untransform,
+             unknown,
+             clamp = identity$1,
+             piecewise,
+             output,
+             input;
 
-       /** Detect free variable `global` from Node.js. */
-       var freeGlobal = (typeof global === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(global)) == 'object' && global && global.Object === Object && global;
+         function rescale() {
+           var n = Math.min(domain.length, range.length);
+           if (clamp !== identity$1) clamp = clamper(domain[0], domain[n - 1]);
+           piecewise = n > 2 ? polymap : bimap;
+           output = input = null;
+           return scale;
+         }
 
-       /** Detect free variable `self`. */
+         function scale(x) {
+           return x == null || isNaN(x = +x) ? unknown : (output || (output = piecewise(domain.map(transform), range, interpolate)))(transform(clamp(x)));
+         }
 
-       var freeSelf = (typeof self === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(self)) == 'object' && self && self.Object === Object && self;
-       /** Used as a reference to the global object. */
+         scale.invert = function (y) {
+           return clamp(untransform((input || (input = piecewise(range, domain.map(transform), d3_interpolateNumber)))(y)));
+         };
 
-       var root$1 = freeGlobal || freeSelf || Function('return this')();
+         scale.domain = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (domain = Array.from(_, number), rescale()) : domain.slice();
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * Gets the timestamp of the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since
-        * the Unix epoch (1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC).
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 2.4.0
-        * @category Date
-        * @returns {number} Returns the timestamp.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.defer(function(stamp) {
-        *   console.log(_.now() - stamp);
-        * }, _.now());
-        * // => Logs the number of milliseconds it took for the deferred invocation.
-        */
+         scale.range = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (range = Array.from(_), rescale()) : range.slice();
+         };
 
-       var now$1 = function now() {
-         return root$1.Date.now();
-       };
+         scale.rangeRound = function (_) {
+           return range = Array.from(_), interpolate = interpolateRound, rescale();
+         };
 
-       /** Built-in value references. */
+         scale.clamp = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (clamp = _ ? true : identity$1, rescale()) : clamp !== identity$1;
+         };
 
-       var _Symbol = root$1.Symbol;
+         scale.interpolate = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, rescale()) : interpolate;
+         };
 
-       /** Used for built-in method references. */
+         scale.unknown = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : unknown;
+         };
 
-       var objectProto = Object.prototype;
-       /** Used to check objects for own properties. */
+         return function (t, u) {
+           transform = t, untransform = u;
+           return rescale();
+         };
+       }
+       function continuous() {
+         return transformer()(identity$1, identity$1);
+       }
 
-       var hasOwnProperty$1 = objectProto.hasOwnProperty;
-       /**
-        * Used to resolve the
-        * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
-        * of values.
-        */
+       function formatDecimal (x) {
+         return Math.abs(x = Math.round(x)) >= 1e21 ? x.toLocaleString("en").replace(/,/g, "") : x.toString(10);
+       } // Computes the decimal coefficient and exponent of the specified number x with
+       // significant digits p, where x is positive and p is in [1, 21] or undefined.
+       // For example, formatDecimalParts(1.23) returns ["123", 0].
 
-       var nativeObjectToString = objectProto.toString;
-       /** Built-in value references. */
+       function formatDecimalParts(x, p) {
+         if ((i = (x = p ? x.toExponential(p - 1) : x.toExponential()).indexOf("e")) < 0) return null; // NaN, ±Infinity
 
-       var symToStringTag = _Symbol ? _Symbol.toStringTag : undefined;
-       /**
-        * A specialized version of `baseGetTag` which ignores `Symbol.toStringTag` values.
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {*} value The value to query.
-        * @returns {string} Returns the raw `toStringTag`.
-        */
+         var i,
+             coefficient = x.slice(0, i); // The string returned by toExponential either has the form \d\.\d+e[-+]\d+
+         // (e.g., 1.2e+3) or the form \de[-+]\d+ (e.g., 1e+3).
 
-       function getRawTag(value) {
-         var isOwn = hasOwnProperty$1.call(value, symToStringTag),
-             tag = value[symToStringTag];
+         return [coefficient.length > 1 ? coefficient[0] + coefficient.slice(2) : coefficient, +x.slice(i + 1)];
+       }
 
-         try {
-           value[symToStringTag] = undefined;
-           var unmasked = true;
-         } catch (e) {}
+       function exponent (x) {
+         return x = formatDecimalParts(Math.abs(x)), x ? x[1] : NaN;
+       }
 
-         var result = nativeObjectToString.call(value);
+       function formatGroup (grouping, thousands) {
+         return function (value, width) {
+           var i = value.length,
+               t = [],
+               j = 0,
+               g = grouping[0],
+               length = 0;
 
-         if (unmasked) {
-           if (isOwn) {
-             value[symToStringTag] = tag;
-           } else {
-             delete value[symToStringTag];
+           while (i > 0 && g > 0) {
+             if (length + g + 1 > width) g = Math.max(1, width - length);
+             t.push(value.substring(i -= g, i + g));
+             if ((length += g + 1) > width) break;
+             g = grouping[j = (j + 1) % grouping.length];
            }
-         }
 
-         return result;
+           return t.reverse().join(thousands);
+         };
        }
 
-       /** Used for built-in method references. */
-       var objectProto$1 = Object.prototype;
-       /**
-        * Used to resolve the
-        * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
-        * of values.
-        */
+       function formatNumerals (numerals) {
+         return function (value) {
+           return value.replace(/[0-9]/g, function (i) {
+             return numerals[+i];
+           });
+         };
+       }
 
-       var nativeObjectToString$1 = objectProto$1.toString;
-       /**
-        * Converts `value` to a string using `Object.prototype.toString`.
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {*} value The value to convert.
-        * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
-        */
+       // [[fill]align][sign][symbol][0][width][,][.precision][~][type]
+       var re = /^(?:(.)?([<>=^]))?([+\-( ])?([$#])?(0)?(\d+)?(,)?(\.\d+)?(~)?([a-z%])?$/i;
+       function formatSpecifier(specifier) {
+         if (!(match = re.exec(specifier))) throw new Error("invalid format: " + specifier);
+         var match;
+         return new FormatSpecifier({
+           fill: match[1],
+           align: match[2],
+           sign: match[3],
+           symbol: match[4],
+           zero: match[5],
+           width: match[6],
+           comma: match[7],
+           precision: match[8] && match[8].slice(1),
+           trim: match[9],
+           type: match[10]
+         });
+       }
+       formatSpecifier.prototype = FormatSpecifier.prototype; // instanceof
 
-       function objectToString$1(value) {
-         return nativeObjectToString$1.call(value);
+       function FormatSpecifier(specifier) {
+         this.fill = specifier.fill === undefined ? " " : specifier.fill + "";
+         this.align = specifier.align === undefined ? ">" : specifier.align + "";
+         this.sign = specifier.sign === undefined ? "-" : specifier.sign + "";
+         this.symbol = specifier.symbol === undefined ? "" : specifier.symbol + "";
+         this.zero = !!specifier.zero;
+         this.width = specifier.width === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.width;
+         this.comma = !!specifier.comma;
+         this.precision = specifier.precision === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.precision;
+         this.trim = !!specifier.trim;
+         this.type = specifier.type === undefined ? "" : specifier.type + "";
        }
 
-       /** `Object#toString` result references. */
+       FormatSpecifier.prototype.toString = function () {
+         return this.fill + this.align + this.sign + this.symbol + (this.zero ? "0" : "") + (this.width === undefined ? "" : Math.max(1, this.width | 0)) + (this.comma ? "," : "") + (this.precision === undefined ? "" : "." + Math.max(0, this.precision | 0)) + (this.trim ? "~" : "") + this.type;
+       };
 
-       var nullTag = '[object Null]',
-           undefinedTag = '[object Undefined]';
-       /** Built-in value references. */
+       // Trims insignificant zeros, e.g., replaces 1.2000k with 1.2k.
+       function formatTrim (s) {
+         out: for (var n = s.length, i = 1, i0 = -1, i1; i < n; ++i) {
+           switch (s[i]) {
+             case ".":
+               i0 = i1 = i;
+               break;
 
-       var symToStringTag$1 = _Symbol ? _Symbol.toStringTag : undefined;
-       /**
-        * The base implementation of `getTag` without fallbacks for buggy environments.
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {*} value The value to query.
-        * @returns {string} Returns the `toStringTag`.
-        */
+             case "0":
+               if (i0 === 0) i0 = i;
+               i1 = i;
+               break;
 
-       function baseGetTag(value) {
-         if (value == null) {
-           return value === undefined ? undefinedTag : nullTag;
+             default:
+               if (!+s[i]) break out;
+               if (i0 > 0) i0 = 0;
+               break;
+           }
          }
 
-         return symToStringTag$1 && symToStringTag$1 in Object(value) ? getRawTag(value) : objectToString$1(value);
+         return i0 > 0 ? s.slice(0, i0) + s.slice(i1 + 1) : s;
        }
 
-       /**
-        * Checks if `value` is object-like. A value is object-like if it's not `null`
-        * and has a `typeof` result of "object".
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 4.0.0
-        * @category Lang
-        * @param {*} value The value to check.
-        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is object-like, else `false`.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.isObjectLike({});
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObjectLike([1, 2, 3]);
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObjectLike(_.noop);
-        * // => false
-        *
-        * _.isObjectLike(null);
-        * // => false
-        */
-       function isObjectLike(value) {
-         return value != null && _typeof(value) == 'object';
+       var $$7 = _export;
+       var fails$3 = fails$N;
+       var thisNumberValue = thisNumberValue$2;
+
+       var nativeToPrecision = 1.0.toPrecision;
+
+       var FORCED$1 = fails$3(function () {
+         // IE7-
+         return nativeToPrecision.call(1, undefined) !== '1';
+       }) || !fails$3(function () {
+         // V8 ~ Android 4.3-
+         nativeToPrecision.call({});
+       });
+
+       // `Number.prototype.toPrecision` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.prototype.toprecision
+       $$7({ target: 'Number', proto: true, forced: FORCED$1 }, {
+         toPrecision: function toPrecision(precision) {
+           return precision === undefined
+             ? nativeToPrecision.call(thisNumberValue(this))
+             : nativeToPrecision.call(thisNumberValue(this), precision);
+         }
+       });
+
+       var prefixExponent;
+       function formatPrefixAuto (x, p) {
+         var d = formatDecimalParts(x, p);
+         if (!d) return x + "";
+         var coefficient = d[0],
+             exponent = d[1],
+             i = exponent - (prefixExponent = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent / 3))) * 3) + 1,
+             n = coefficient.length;
+         return i === n ? coefficient : i > n ? coefficient + new Array(i - n + 1).join("0") : i > 0 ? coefficient.slice(0, i) + "." + coefficient.slice(i) : "0." + new Array(1 - i).join("0") + formatDecimalParts(x, Math.max(0, p + i - 1))[0]; // less than 1y!
        }
 
-       /** `Object#toString` result references. */
+       function formatRounded (x, p) {
+         var d = formatDecimalParts(x, p);
+         if (!d) return x + "";
+         var coefficient = d[0],
+             exponent = d[1];
+         return exponent < 0 ? "0." + new Array(-exponent).join("0") + coefficient : coefficient.length > exponent + 1 ? coefficient.slice(0, exponent + 1) + "." + coefficient.slice(exponent + 1) : coefficient + new Array(exponent - coefficient.length + 2).join("0");
+       }
 
-       var symbolTag = '[object Symbol]';
-       /**
-        * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Symbol` primitive or object.
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 4.0.0
-        * @category Lang
-        * @param {*} value The value to check.
-        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a symbol, else `false`.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.isSymbol(Symbol.iterator);
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isSymbol('abc');
-        * // => false
-        */
+       var formatTypes = {
+         "%": function _(x, p) {
+           return (x * 100).toFixed(p);
+         },
+         "b": function b(x) {
+           return Math.round(x).toString(2);
+         },
+         "c": function c(x) {
+           return x + "";
+         },
+         "d": formatDecimal,
+         "e": function e(x, p) {
+           return x.toExponential(p);
+         },
+         "f": function f(x, p) {
+           return x.toFixed(p);
+         },
+         "g": function g(x, p) {
+           return x.toPrecision(p);
+         },
+         "o": function o(x) {
+           return Math.round(x).toString(8);
+         },
+         "p": function p(x, _p) {
+           return formatRounded(x * 100, _p);
+         },
+         "r": formatRounded,
+         "s": formatPrefixAuto,
+         "X": function X(x) {
+           return Math.round(x).toString(16).toUpperCase();
+         },
+         "x": function x(_x) {
+           return Math.round(_x).toString(16);
+         }
+       };
 
-       function isSymbol$1(value) {
-         return _typeof(value) == 'symbol' || isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == symbolTag;
+       function identity (x) {
+         return x;
        }
 
-       /** Used as references for various `Number` constants. */
+       var map$1 = Array.prototype.map,
+           prefixes = ["y", "z", "a", "f", "p", "n", "µ", "m", "", "k", "M", "G", "T", "P", "E", "Z", "Y"];
+       function formatLocale (locale) {
+         var group = locale.grouping === undefined || locale.thousands === undefined ? identity : formatGroup(map$1.call(locale.grouping, Number), locale.thousands + ""),
+             currencyPrefix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[0] + "",
+             currencySuffix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[1] + "",
+             decimal = locale.decimal === undefined ? "." : locale.decimal + "",
+             numerals = locale.numerals === undefined ? identity : formatNumerals(map$1.call(locale.numerals, String)),
+             percent = locale.percent === undefined ? "%" : locale.percent + "",
+             minus = locale.minus === undefined ? "−" : locale.minus + "",
+             nan = locale.nan === undefined ? "NaN" : locale.nan + "";
 
-       var NAN = 0 / 0;
-       /** Used to match leading and trailing whitespace. */
+         function newFormat(specifier) {
+           specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier);
+           var fill = specifier.fill,
+               align = specifier.align,
+               sign = specifier.sign,
+               symbol = specifier.symbol,
+               zero = specifier.zero,
+               width = specifier.width,
+               comma = specifier.comma,
+               precision = specifier.precision,
+               trim = specifier.trim,
+               type = specifier.type; // The "n" type is an alias for ",g".
 
-       var reTrim = /^\s+|\s+$/g;
-       /** Used to detect bad signed hexadecimal string values. */
+           if (type === "n") comma = true, type = "g"; // The "" type, and any invalid type, is an alias for ".12~g".
+           else if (!formatTypes[type]) precision === undefined && (precision = 12), trim = true, type = "g"; // If zero fill is specified, padding goes after sign and before digits.
 
-       var reIsBadHex = /^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i;
-       /** Used to detect binary string values. */
+           if (zero || fill === "0" && align === "=") zero = true, fill = "0", align = "="; // Compute the prefix and suffix.
+           // For SI-prefix, the suffix is lazily computed.
 
-       var reIsBinary = /^0b[01]+$/i;
-       /** Used to detect octal string values. */
+           var prefix = symbol === "$" ? currencyPrefix : symbol === "#" && /[boxX]/.test(type) ? "0" + type.toLowerCase() : "",
+               suffix = symbol === "$" ? currencySuffix : /[%p]/.test(type) ? percent : ""; // What format function should we use?
+           // Is this an integer type?
+           // Can this type generate exponential notation?
 
-       var reIsOctal = /^0o[0-7]+$/i;
-       /** Built-in method references without a dependency on `root`. */
+           var formatType = formatTypes[type],
+               maybeSuffix = /[defgprs%]/.test(type); // Set the default precision if not specified,
+           // or clamp the specified precision to the supported range.
+           // For significant precision, it must be in [1, 21].
+           // For fixed precision, it must be in [0, 20].
 
-       var freeParseInt = parseInt;
-       /**
-        * Converts `value` to a number.
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 4.0.0
-        * @category Lang
-        * @param {*} value The value to process.
-        * @returns {number} Returns the number.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.toNumber(3.2);
-        * // => 3.2
-        *
-        * _.toNumber(Number.MIN_VALUE);
-        * // => 5e-324
-        *
-        * _.toNumber(Infinity);
-        * // => Infinity
-        *
-        * _.toNumber('3.2');
-        * // => 3.2
-        */
+           precision = precision === undefined ? 6 : /[gprs]/.test(type) ? Math.max(1, Math.min(21, precision)) : Math.max(0, Math.min(20, precision));
 
-       function toNumber$1(value) {
-         if (typeof value == 'number') {
-           return value;
-         }
+           function format(value) {
+             var valuePrefix = prefix,
+                 valueSuffix = suffix,
+                 i,
+                 n,
+                 c;
 
-         if (isSymbol$1(value)) {
-           return NAN;
-         }
+             if (type === "c") {
+               valueSuffix = formatType(value) + valueSuffix;
+               value = "";
+             } else {
+               value = +value; // Determine the sign. -0 is not less than 0, but 1 / -0 is!
 
-         if (isObject$1(value)) {
-           var other = typeof value.valueOf == 'function' ? value.valueOf() : value;
-           value = isObject$1(other) ? other + '' : other;
-         }
+               var valueNegative = value < 0 || 1 / value < 0; // Perform the initial formatting.
 
-         if (typeof value != 'string') {
-           return value === 0 ? value : +value;
-         }
+               value = isNaN(value) ? nan : formatType(Math.abs(value), precision); // Trim insignificant zeros.
 
-         value = value.replace(reTrim, '');
-         var isBinary = reIsBinary.test(value);
-         return isBinary || reIsOctal.test(value) ? freeParseInt(value.slice(2), isBinary ? 2 : 8) : reIsBadHex.test(value) ? NAN : +value;
-       }
+               if (trim) value = formatTrim(value); // If a negative value rounds to zero after formatting, and no explicit positive sign is requested, hide the sign.
 
-       /** Error message constants. */
+               if (valueNegative && +value === 0 && sign !== "+") valueNegative = false; // Compute the prefix and suffix.
 
-       var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT = 'Expected a function';
-       /* Built-in method references for those with the same name as other `lodash` methods. */
+               valuePrefix = (valueNegative ? sign === "(" ? sign : minus : sign === "-" || sign === "(" ? "" : sign) + valuePrefix;
+               valueSuffix = (type === "s" ? prefixes[8 + prefixExponent / 3] : "") + valueSuffix + (valueNegative && sign === "(" ? ")" : ""); // Break the formatted value into the integer “value” part that can be
+               // grouped, and fractional or exponential “suffix” part that is not.
 
-       var nativeMax = Math.max,
-           nativeMin = Math.min;
-       /**
-        * Creates a debounced function that delays invoking `func` until after `wait`
-        * milliseconds have elapsed since the last time the debounced function was
-        * invoked. The debounced function comes with a `cancel` method to cancel
-        * delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to immediately invoke them.
-        * Provide `options` to indicate whether `func` should be invoked on the
-        * leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait` timeout. The `func` is invoked
-        * with the last arguments provided to the debounced function. Subsequent
-        * calls to the debounced function return the result of the last `func`
-        * invocation.
-        *
-        * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
-        * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the debounced function
-        * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
-        *
-        * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
-        * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
-        *
-        * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
-        * for details over the differences between `_.debounce` and `_.throttle`.
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 0.1.0
-        * @category Function
-        * @param {Function} func The function to debounce.
-        * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to delay.
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
-        * @param {boolean} [options.leading=false]
-        *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
-        * @param {number} [options.maxWait]
-        *  The maximum time `func` is allowed to be delayed before it's invoked.
-        * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
-        *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
-        * @returns {Function} Returns the new debounced function.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * // Avoid costly calculations while the window size is in flux.
-        * jQuery(window).on('resize', _.debounce(calculateLayout, 150));
-        *
-        * // Invoke `sendMail` when clicked, debouncing subsequent calls.
-        * jQuery(element).on('click', _.debounce(sendMail, 300, {
-        *   'leading': true,
-        *   'trailing': false
-        * }));
-        *
-        * // Ensure `batchLog` is invoked once after 1 second of debounced calls.
-        * var debounced = _.debounce(batchLog, 250, { 'maxWait': 1000 });
-        * var source = new EventSource('/stream');
-        * jQuery(source).on('message', debounced);
-        *
-        * // Cancel the trailing debounced invocation.
-        * jQuery(window).on('popstate', debounced.cancel);
-        */
+               if (maybeSuffix) {
+                 i = -1, n = value.length;
 
-       function debounce(func, wait, options) {
-         var lastArgs,
-             lastThis,
-             maxWait,
-             result,
-             timerId,
-             lastCallTime,
-             lastInvokeTime = 0,
-             leading = false,
-             maxing = false,
-             trailing = true;
+                 while (++i < n) {
+                   if (c = value.charCodeAt(i), 48 > c || c > 57) {
+                     valueSuffix = (c === 46 ? decimal + value.slice(i + 1) : value.slice(i)) + valueSuffix;
+                     value = value.slice(0, i);
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             } // If the fill character is not "0", grouping is applied before padding.
 
-         if (typeof func != 'function') {
-           throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
-         }
 
-         wait = toNumber$1(wait) || 0;
+             if (comma && !zero) value = group(value, Infinity); // Compute the padding.
+
+             var length = valuePrefix.length + value.length + valueSuffix.length,
+                 padding = length < width ? new Array(width - length + 1).join(fill) : ""; // If the fill character is "0", grouping is applied after padding.
+
+             if (comma && zero) value = group(padding + value, padding.length ? width - valueSuffix.length : Infinity), padding = ""; // Reconstruct the final output based on the desired alignment.
+
+             switch (align) {
+               case "<":
+                 value = valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding;
+                 break;
+
+               case "=":
+                 value = valuePrefix + padding + value + valueSuffix;
+                 break;
 
-         if (isObject$1(options)) {
-           leading = !!options.leading;
-           maxing = 'maxWait' in options;
-           maxWait = maxing ? nativeMax(toNumber$1(options.maxWait) || 0, wait) : maxWait;
-           trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
-         }
+               case "^":
+                 value = padding.slice(0, length = padding.length >> 1) + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding.slice(length);
+                 break;
 
-         function invokeFunc(time) {
-           var args = lastArgs,
-               thisArg = lastThis;
-           lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
-           lastInvokeTime = time;
-           result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
-           return result;
-         }
+               default:
+                 value = padding + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix;
+                 break;
+             }
 
-         function leadingEdge(time) {
-           // Reset any `maxWait` timer.
-           lastInvokeTime = time; // Start the timer for the trailing edge.
+             return numerals(value);
+           }
 
-           timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait); // Invoke the leading edge.
+           format.toString = function () {
+             return specifier + "";
+           };
 
-           return leading ? invokeFunc(time) : result;
+           return format;
          }
 
-         function remainingWait(time) {
-           var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
-               timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime,
-               timeWaiting = wait - timeSinceLastCall;
-           return maxing ? nativeMin(timeWaiting, maxWait - timeSinceLastInvoke) : timeWaiting;
+         function formatPrefix(specifier, value) {
+           var f = newFormat((specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier), specifier.type = "f", specifier)),
+               e = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3,
+               k = Math.pow(10, -e),
+               prefix = prefixes[8 + e / 3];
+           return function (value) {
+             return f(k * value) + prefix;
+           };
          }
 
-         function shouldInvoke(time) {
-           var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
-               timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime; // Either this is the first call, activity has stopped and we're at the
-           // trailing edge, the system time has gone backwards and we're treating
-           // it as the trailing edge, or we've hit the `maxWait` limit.
+         return {
+           format: newFormat,
+           formatPrefix: formatPrefix
+         };
+       }
 
-           return lastCallTime === undefined || timeSinceLastCall >= wait || timeSinceLastCall < 0 || maxing && timeSinceLastInvoke >= maxWait;
-         }
+       var locale;
+       var format$1;
+       var formatPrefix;
+       defaultLocale({
+         thousands: ",",
+         grouping: [3],
+         currency: ["$", ""]
+       });
+       function defaultLocale(definition) {
+         locale = formatLocale(definition);
+         format$1 = locale.format;
+         formatPrefix = locale.formatPrefix;
+         return locale;
+       }
 
-         function timerExpired() {
-           var time = now$1();
+       function precisionFixed (step) {
+         return Math.max(0, -exponent(Math.abs(step)));
+       }
 
-           if (shouldInvoke(time)) {
-             return trailingEdge(time);
-           } // Restart the timer.
+       function precisionPrefix (step, value) {
+         return Math.max(0, Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3 - exponent(Math.abs(step)));
+       }
 
+       function precisionRound (step, max) {
+         step = Math.abs(step), max = Math.abs(max) - step;
+         return Math.max(0, exponent(max) - exponent(step)) + 1;
+       }
 
-           timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, remainingWait(time));
-         }
+       function tickFormat(start, stop, count, specifier) {
+         var step = tickStep(start, stop, count),
+             precision;
+         specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier == null ? ",f" : specifier);
 
-         function trailingEdge(time) {
-           timerId = undefined; // Only invoke if we have `lastArgs` which means `func` has been
-           // debounced at least once.
+         switch (specifier.type) {
+           case "s":
+             {
+               var value = Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop));
+               if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionPrefix(step, value))) specifier.precision = precision;
+               return formatPrefix(specifier, value);
+             }
 
-           if (trailing && lastArgs) {
-             return invokeFunc(time);
-           }
+           case "":
+           case "e":
+           case "g":
+           case "p":
+           case "r":
+             {
+               if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionRound(step, Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop))))) specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "e");
+               break;
+             }
 
-           lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
-           return result;
+           case "f":
+           case "%":
+             {
+               if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionFixed(step))) specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "%") * 2;
+               break;
+             }
          }
 
-         function cancel() {
-           if (timerId !== undefined) {
-             clearTimeout(timerId);
-           }
+         return format$1(specifier);
+       }
 
-           lastInvokeTime = 0;
-           lastArgs = lastCallTime = lastThis = timerId = undefined;
-         }
+       function linearish(scale) {
+         var domain = scale.domain;
 
-         function flush() {
-           return timerId === undefined ? result : trailingEdge(now$1());
-         }
+         scale.ticks = function (count) {
+           var d = domain();
+           return ticks(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count);
+         };
 
-         function debounced() {
-           var time = now$1(),
-               isInvoking = shouldInvoke(time);
-           lastArgs = arguments;
-           lastThis = this;
-           lastCallTime = time;
+         scale.tickFormat = function (count, specifier) {
+           var d = domain();
+           return tickFormat(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count, specifier);
+         };
 
-           if (isInvoking) {
-             if (timerId === undefined) {
-               return leadingEdge(lastCallTime);
-             }
+         scale.nice = function (count) {
+           if (count == null) count = 10;
+           var d = domain();
+           var i0 = 0;
+           var i1 = d.length - 1;
+           var start = d[i0];
+           var stop = d[i1];
+           var prestep;
+           var step;
+           var maxIter = 10;
 
-             if (maxing) {
-               // Handle invocations in a tight loop.
-               clearTimeout(timerId);
-               timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
-               return invokeFunc(lastCallTime);
-             }
+           if (stop < start) {
+             step = start, start = stop, stop = step;
+             step = i0, i0 = i1, i1 = step;
            }
 
-           if (timerId === undefined) {
-             timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
+           while (maxIter-- > 0) {
+             step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count);
+
+             if (step === prestep) {
+               d[i0] = start;
+               d[i1] = stop;
+               return domain(d);
+             } else if (step > 0) {
+               start = Math.floor(start / step) * step;
+               stop = Math.ceil(stop / step) * step;
+             } else if (step < 0) {
+               start = Math.ceil(start * step) / step;
+               stop = Math.floor(stop * step) / step;
+             } else {
+               break;
+             }
+
+             prestep = step;
            }
 
-           return result;
-         }
+           return scale;
+         };
 
-         debounced.cancel = cancel;
-         debounced.flush = flush;
-         return debounced;
+         return scale;
        }
+       function linear() {
+         var scale = continuous();
 
-       /** Error message constants. */
+         scale.copy = function () {
+           return copy(scale, linear());
+         };
 
-       var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1 = 'Expected a function';
-       /**
-        * Creates a throttled function that only invokes `func` at most once per
-        * every `wait` milliseconds. The throttled function comes with a `cancel`
-        * method to cancel delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to
-        * immediately invoke them. Provide `options` to indicate whether `func`
-        * should be invoked on the leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait`
-        * timeout. The `func` is invoked with the last arguments provided to the
-        * throttled function. Subsequent calls to the throttled function return the
-        * result of the last `func` invocation.
-        *
-        * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
-        * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the throttled function
-        * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
-        *
-        * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
-        * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
-        *
-        * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
-        * for details over the differences between `_.throttle` and `_.debounce`.
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 0.1.0
-        * @category Function
-        * @param {Function} func The function to throttle.
-        * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to throttle invocations to.
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
-        * @param {boolean} [options.leading=true]
-        *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
-        * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
-        *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
-        * @returns {Function} Returns the new throttled function.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * // Avoid excessively updating the position while scrolling.
-        * jQuery(window).on('scroll', _.throttle(updatePosition, 100));
-        *
-        * // Invoke `renewToken` when the click event is fired, but not more than once every 5 minutes.
-        * var throttled = _.throttle(renewToken, 300000, { 'trailing': false });
-        * jQuery(element).on('click', throttled);
-        *
-        * // Cancel the trailing throttled invocation.
-        * jQuery(window).on('popstate', throttled.cancel);
-        */
+         initRange.apply(scale, arguments);
+         return linearish(scale);
+       }
 
-       function throttle(func, wait, options) {
-         var leading = true,
-             trailing = true;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-math-expm1 -- safe
+       var $expm1 = Math.expm1;
+       var exp$1 = Math.exp;
 
-         if (typeof func != 'function') {
-           throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1);
-         }
+       // `Math.expm1` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.expm1
+       var mathExpm1 = (!$expm1
+         // Old FF bug
+         || $expm1(10) > 22025.465794806719 || $expm1(10) < 22025.4657948067165168
+         // Tor Browser bug
+         || $expm1(-2e-17) != -2e-17
+       ) ? function expm1(x) {
+         return (x = +x) == 0 ? x : x > -1e-6 && x < 1e-6 ? x + x * x / 2 : exp$1(x) - 1;
+       } : $expm1;
 
-         if (isObject$1(options)) {
-           leading = 'leading' in options ? !!options.leading : leading;
-           trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
+       function quantize() {
+         var x0 = 0,
+             x1 = 1,
+             n = 1,
+             domain = [0.5],
+             range = [0, 1],
+             unknown;
+
+         function scale(x) {
+           return x != null && x <= x ? range[bisectRight(domain, x, 0, n)] : unknown;
          }
 
-         return debounce(func, wait, {
-           'leading': leading,
-           'maxWait': wait,
-           'trailing': trailing
-         });
-       }
+         function rescale() {
+           var i = -1;
+           domain = new Array(n);
 
-       var hashes = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-         /**
-          * jshashes - https://github.com/h2non/jshashes
-          * Released under the "New BSD" license
-          *
-          * Algorithms specification:
-          *
-          * MD5 - http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt
-          * RIPEMD-160 - http://homes.esat.kuleuven.be/~bosselae/ripemd160.html
-          * SHA1   - http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
-          * SHA256 - http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
-          * SHA512 - http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
-          * HMAC - http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt
-          */
-         (function () {
-           var Hashes;
+           while (++i < n) {
+             domain[i] = ((i + 1) * x1 - (i - n) * x0) / (n + 1);
+           }
 
-           function utf8Encode(str) {
-             var x,
-                 y,
-                 output = '',
-                 i = -1,
-                 l;
+           return scale;
+         }
 
-             if (str && str.length) {
-               l = str.length;
+         scale.domain = function (_) {
+           var _ref, _ref2;
 
-               while ((i += 1) < l) {
-                 /* Decode utf-16 surrogate pairs */
-                 x = str.charCodeAt(i);
-                 y = i + 1 < l ? str.charCodeAt(i + 1) : 0;
+           return arguments.length ? ((_ref = _, _ref2 = _slicedToArray(_ref, 2), x0 = _ref2[0], x1 = _ref2[1], _ref), x0 = +x0, x1 = +x1, rescale()) : [x0, x1];
+         };
 
-                 if (0xD800 <= x && x <= 0xDBFF && 0xDC00 <= y && y <= 0xDFFF) {
-                   x = 0x10000 + ((x & 0x03FF) << 10) + (y & 0x03FF);
-                   i += 1;
-                 }
-                 /* Encode output as utf-8 */
+         scale.range = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (n = (range = Array.from(_)).length - 1, rescale()) : range.slice();
+         };
 
+         scale.invertExtent = function (y) {
+           var i = range.indexOf(y);
+           return i < 0 ? [NaN, NaN] : i < 1 ? [x0, domain[0]] : i >= n ? [domain[n - 1], x1] : [domain[i - 1], domain[i]];
+         };
 
-                 if (x <= 0x7F) {
-                   output += String.fromCharCode(x);
-                 } else if (x <= 0x7FF) {
-                   output += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | x >>> 6 & 0x1F, 0x80 | x & 0x3F);
-                 } else if (x <= 0xFFFF) {
-                   output += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | x >>> 12 & 0x0F, 0x80 | x >>> 6 & 0x3F, 0x80 | x & 0x3F);
-                 } else if (x <= 0x1FFFFF) {
-                   output += String.fromCharCode(0xF0 | x >>> 18 & 0x07, 0x80 | x >>> 12 & 0x3F, 0x80 | x >>> 6 & 0x3F, 0x80 | x & 0x3F);
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+         scale.unknown = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : scale;
+         };
 
-             return output;
-           }
+         scale.thresholds = function () {
+           return domain.slice();
+         };
 
-           function utf8Decode(str) {
-             var i,
-                 ac,
-                 c1,
-                 c2,
-                 c3,
-                 arr = [],
-                 l;
-             i = ac = c1 = c2 = c3 = 0;
+         scale.copy = function () {
+           return quantize().domain([x0, x1]).range(range).unknown(unknown);
+         };
 
-             if (str && str.length) {
-               l = str.length;
-               str += '';
+         return initRange.apply(linearish(scale), arguments);
+       }
 
-               while (i < l) {
-                 c1 = str.charCodeAt(i);
-                 ac += 1;
+       // https://github.com/tc39/proposal-string-pad-start-end
+       var toLength$2 = toLength$q;
+       var repeat$1 = stringRepeat;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$2 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
 
-                 if (c1 < 128) {
-                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(c1);
-                   i += 1;
-                 } else if (c1 > 191 && c1 < 224) {
-                   c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
-                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode((c1 & 31) << 6 | c2 & 63);
-                   i += 2;
-                 } else {
-                   c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
-                   c3 = str.charCodeAt(i + 2);
-                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode((c1 & 15) << 12 | (c2 & 63) << 6 | c3 & 63);
-                   i += 3;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+       var ceil = Math.ceil;
 
-             return arr.join('');
-           }
-           /**
-            * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
-            * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
-            */
+       // `String.prototype.{ padStart, padEnd }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod = function (IS_END) {
+         return function ($this, maxLength, fillString) {
+           var S = String(requireObjectCoercible$2($this));
+           var stringLength = S.length;
+           var fillStr = fillString === undefined ? ' ' : String(fillString);
+           var intMaxLength = toLength$2(maxLength);
+           var fillLen, stringFiller;
+           if (intMaxLength <= stringLength || fillStr == '') return S;
+           fillLen = intMaxLength - stringLength;
+           stringFiller = repeat$1.call(fillStr, ceil(fillLen / fillStr.length));
+           if (stringFiller.length > fillLen) stringFiller = stringFiller.slice(0, fillLen);
+           return IS_END ? S + stringFiller : stringFiller + S;
+         };
+       };
 
+       var stringPad = {
+         // `String.prototype.padStart` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.padstart
+         start: createMethod(false),
+         // `String.prototype.padEnd` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.padend
+         end: createMethod(true)
+       };
 
-           function safe_add(x, y) {
-             var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF),
-                 msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
-             return msw << 16 | lsw & 0xFFFF;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
-            */
+       var fails$2 = fails$N;
+       var padStart = stringPad.start;
 
+       var abs$1 = Math.abs;
+       var DatePrototype = Date.prototype;
+       var getTime = DatePrototype.getTime;
+       var nativeDateToISOString = DatePrototype.toISOString;
 
-           function bit_rol(num, cnt) {
-             return num << cnt | num >>> 32 - cnt;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Convert a raw string to a hex string
-            */
+       // `Date.prototype.toISOString` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.toisostring
+       // PhantomJS / old WebKit fails here:
+       var dateToIsoString = (fails$2(function () {
+         return nativeDateToISOString.call(new Date(-5e13 - 1)) != '0385-07-25T07:06:39.999Z';
+       }) || !fails$2(function () {
+         nativeDateToISOString.call(new Date(NaN));
+       })) ? function toISOString() {
+         if (!isFinite(getTime.call(this))) throw RangeError('Invalid time value');
+         var date = this;
+         var year = date.getUTCFullYear();
+         var milliseconds = date.getUTCMilliseconds();
+         var sign = year < 0 ? '-' : year > 9999 ? '+' : '';
+         return sign + padStart(abs$1(year), sign ? 6 : 4, 0) +
+           '-' + padStart(date.getUTCMonth() + 1, 2, 0) +
+           '-' + padStart(date.getUTCDate(), 2, 0) +
+           'T' + padStart(date.getUTCHours(), 2, 0) +
+           ':' + padStart(date.getUTCMinutes(), 2, 0) +
+           ':' + padStart(date.getUTCSeconds(), 2, 0) +
+           '.' + padStart(milliseconds, 3, 0) +
+           'Z';
+       } : nativeDateToISOString;
 
+       var $$6 = _export;
+       var toISOString = dateToIsoString;
 
-           function rstr2hex(input, hexcase) {
-             var hex_tab = hexcase ? '0123456789ABCDEF' : '0123456789abcdef',
-                 output = '',
-                 x,
-                 i = 0,
-                 l = input.length;
+       // `Date.prototype.toISOString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.toisostring
+       // PhantomJS / old WebKit has a broken implementations
+       $$6({ target: 'Date', proto: true, forced: Date.prototype.toISOString !== toISOString }, {
+         toISOString: toISOString
+       });
 
-             for (; i < l; i += 1) {
-               x = input.charCodeAt(i);
-               output += hex_tab.charAt(x >>> 4 & 0x0F) + hex_tab.charAt(x & 0x0F);
-             }
+       function behaviorBreathe() {
+         var duration = 800;
+         var steps = 4;
+         var selector = '.selected.shadow, .selected .shadow';
 
-             return output;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Convert an array of big-endian words to a string
-            */
+         var _selected = select(null);
 
+         var _classed = '';
+         var _params = {};
+         var _done = false;
 
-           function binb2rstr(input) {
-             var i,
-                 l = input.length * 32,
-                 output = '';
+         var _timer;
 
-             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-               output += String.fromCharCode(input[i >> 5] >>> 24 - i % 32 & 0xFF);
-             }
+         function ratchetyInterpolator(a, b, steps, units) {
+           a = parseFloat(a);
+           b = parseFloat(b);
+           var sample = quantize().domain([0, 1]).range(d3_quantize(d3_interpolateNumber(a, b), steps));
+           return function (t) {
+             return String(sample(t)) + (units || '');
+           };
+         }
 
-             return output;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
-            */
+         function reset(selection) {
+           selection.style('stroke-opacity', null).style('stroke-width', null).style('fill-opacity', null).style('r', null);
+         }
 
+         function setAnimationParams(transition, fromTo) {
+           var toFrom = fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from';
+           transition.styleTween('stroke-opacity', function (d) {
+             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].opacity, _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity, steps);
+           }).styleTween('stroke-width', function (d) {
+             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].width, _params[d.id][fromTo].width, steps, 'px');
+           }).styleTween('fill-opacity', function (d) {
+             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].opacity, _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity, steps);
+           }).styleTween('r', function (d) {
+             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].width, _params[d.id][fromTo].width, steps, 'px');
+           });
+         }
 
-           function binl2rstr(input) {
-             var i,
-                 l = input.length * 32,
-                 output = '';
+         function calcAnimationParams(selection) {
+           selection.call(reset).each(function (d) {
+             var s = select(this);
+             var tag = s.node().tagName;
+             var p = {
+               'from': {},
+               'to': {}
+             };
+             var opacity;
+             var width; // determine base opacity and width
+
+             if (tag === 'circle') {
+               opacity = parseFloat(s.style('fill-opacity') || 0.5);
+               width = parseFloat(s.style('r') || 15.5);
+             } else {
+               opacity = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-opacity') || 0.7);
+               width = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-width') || 10);
+             } // calculate from/to interpolation params..
 
-             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-               output += String.fromCharCode(input[i >> 5] >>> i % 32 & 0xFF);
-             }
 
-             return output;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Convert a raw string to an array of little-endian words
-            * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
-            */
+             p.tag = tag;
+             p.from.opacity = opacity * 0.6;
+             p.to.opacity = opacity * 1.25;
+             p.from.width = width * 0.7;
+             p.to.width = width * (tag === 'circle' ? 1.5 : 1);
+             _params[d.id] = p;
+           });
+         }
 
+         function run(surface, fromTo) {
+           var toFrom = fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from';
+           var currSelected = surface.selectAll(selector);
+           var currClassed = surface.attr('class');
 
-           function rstr2binl(input) {
-             var i,
-                 l = input.length * 8,
-                 output = Array(input.length >> 2),
-                 lo = output.length;
+           if (_done || currSelected.empty()) {
+             _selected.call(reset);
 
-             for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
-               output[i] = 0;
-             }
+             _selected = select(null);
+             return;
+           }
 
-             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-               output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << i % 32;
-             }
+           if (!fastDeepEqual(currSelected.data(), _selected.data()) || currClassed !== _classed) {
+             _selected.call(reset);
 
-             return output;
+             _classed = currClassed;
+             _selected = currSelected.call(calcAnimationParams);
            }
-           /**
-            * Convert a raw string to an array of big-endian words
-            * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
-            */
 
+           var didCallNextRun = false;
 
-           function rstr2binb(input) {
-             var i,
-                 l = input.length * 8,
-                 output = Array(input.length >> 2),
-                 lo = output.length;
+           _selected.transition().duration(duration).call(setAnimationParams, fromTo).on('end', function () {
+             // `end` event is called for each selected element, but we want
+             // it to run only once
+             if (!didCallNextRun) {
+               surface.call(run, toFrom);
+               didCallNextRun = true;
+             } // if entity was deselected, remove breathe styling
 
-             for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
-               output[i] = 0;
+
+             if (!select(this).classed('selected')) {
+               reset(select(this));
              }
+           });
+         }
 
-             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-               output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << 24 - i % 32;
+         function behavior(surface) {
+           _done = false;
+           _timer = timer(function () {
+             // wait for elements to actually become selected
+             if (surface.selectAll(selector).empty()) {
+               return false;
              }
 
-             return output;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Convert a raw string to an arbitrary string encoding
-            */
+             surface.call(run, 'from');
 
+             _timer.stop();
 
-           function rstr2any(input, encoding) {
-             var divisor = encoding.length,
-                 remainders = Array(),
-                 i,
-                 q,
-                 x,
-                 ld,
-                 quotient,
-                 dividend,
-                 output,
-                 full_length;
-             /* Convert to an array of 16-bit big-endian values, forming the dividend */
+             return true;
+           }, 20);
+         }
 
-             dividend = Array(Math.ceil(input.length / 2));
-             ld = dividend.length;
+         behavior.restartIfNeeded = function (surface) {
+           if (_selected.empty()) {
+             surface.call(run, 'from');
 
-             for (i = 0; i < ld; i += 1) {
-               dividend[i] = input.charCodeAt(i * 2) << 8 | input.charCodeAt(i * 2 + 1);
+             if (_timer) {
+               _timer.stop();
              }
-             /**
-              * Repeatedly perform a long division. The binary array forms the dividend,
-              * the length of the encoding is the divisor. Once computed, the quotient
-              * forms the dividend for the next step. We stop when the dividend is zerHashes.
-              * All remainders are stored for later use.
-              */
-
-
-             while (dividend.length > 0) {
-               quotient = Array();
-               x = 0;
+           }
+         };
 
-               for (i = 0; i < dividend.length; i += 1) {
-                 x = (x << 16) + dividend[i];
-                 q = Math.floor(x / divisor);
-                 x -= q * divisor;
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           _done = true;
 
-                 if (quotient.length > 0 || q > 0) {
-                   quotient[quotient.length] = q;
-                 }
-               }
+           if (_timer) {
+             _timer.stop();
+           }
 
-               remainders[remainders.length] = x;
-               dividend = quotient;
-             }
-             /* Convert the remainders to the output string */
+           _selected.interrupt().call(reset);
+         };
 
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
-             output = '';
+       /* Creates a keybinding behavior for an operation */
+       function behaviorOperation(context) {
+         var _operation;
 
-             for (i = remainders.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-               output += encoding.charAt(remainders[i]);
-             }
-             /* Append leading zero equivalents */
+         function keypress(d3_event) {
+           // prevent operations during low zoom selection
+           if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+           if (_operation.availableForKeypress && !_operation.availableForKeypress()) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
+           var disabled = _operation.disabled();
 
-             full_length = Math.ceil(input.length * 8 / (Math.log(encoding.length) / Math.log(2)));
+           if (disabled) {
+             context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id).iconClass('operation disabled').label(_operation.tooltip)();
+           } else {
+             context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id).iconClass('operation').label(_operation.annotation() || _operation.title)();
+             if (_operation.point) _operation.point(null);
 
-             for (i = output.length; i < full_length; i += 1) {
-               output = encoding[0] + output;
-             }
+             _operation();
+           }
+         }
 
-             return output;
+         function behavior() {
+           if (_operation && _operation.available()) {
+             context.keybinding().on(_operation.keys, keypress);
            }
-           /**
-            * Convert a raw string to a base-64 string
-            */
 
+           return behavior;
+         }
 
-           function rstr2b64(input, b64pad) {
-             var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
-                 output = '',
-                 len = input.length,
-                 i,
-                 j,
-                 triplet;
-             b64pad = b64pad || '=';
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           context.keybinding().off(_operation.keys);
+         };
 
-             for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
-               triplet = input.charCodeAt(i) << 16 | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
+         behavior.which = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _operation;
+           _operation = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-               for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
-                 if (i * 8 + j * 6 > input.length * 8) {
-                   output += b64pad;
-                 } else {
-                   output += tab.charAt(triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j) & 0x3F);
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
-             return output;
-           }
+       function operationCircularize(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _extent;
 
-           Hashes = {
-             /**
-              * @property {String} version
-              * @readonly
-              */
-             VERSION: '1.0.6',
+         var _actions = selectedIDs.map(getAction).filter(Boolean);
 
-             /**
-              * @member Hashes
-              * @class Base64
-              * @constructor
-              */
-             Base64: function Base64() {
-               // private properties
-               var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
-                   pad = '=',
-                   // URL encoding support @todo
-               utf8 = true; // by default enable UTF-8 support encoding
-               // public method for encoding
+         var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-               this.encode = function (input) {
-                 var i,
-                     j,
-                     triplet,
-                     output = '',
-                     len = input.length;
-                 pad = pad || '=';
-                 input = utf8 ? utf8Encode(input) : input;
+         var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
-                   triplet = input.charCodeAt(i) << 16 | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
+         function getAction(entityID) {
+           var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+           if (entity.type !== 'way' || new Set(entity.nodes).size <= 1) return null;
 
-                   for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
-                     if (i * 8 + j * 6 > len * 8) {
-                       output += pad;
-                     } else {
-                       output += tab.charAt(triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j) & 0x3F);
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
+           if (!_extent) {
+             _extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+           } else {
+             _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           }
 
-                 return output;
-               }; // public method for decoding
+           return actionCircularize(entityID, context.projection);
+         }
 
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           if (!_actions.length) return;
 
-               this.decode = function (input) {
-                 // var b64 = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=';
-                 var i,
-                     o1,
-                     o2,
-                     o3,
-                     h1,
-                     h2,
-                     h3,
-                     h4,
-                     bits,
-                     ac,
-                     dec = '',
-                     arr = [];
+           var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph, t) {
+             _actions.forEach(function (action) {
+               if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
+                 graph = action(graph, t);
+               }
+             });
 
-                 if (!input) {
-                   return input;
-                 }
+             return graph;
+           };
 
-                 i = ac = 0;
-                 input = input.replace(new RegExp('\\' + pad, 'gi'), ''); // use '='
-                 //input += '';
+           combinedAction.transitionable = true;
+           context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }, 300); // after any transition
+         };
 
-                 do {
-                   // unpack four hexets into three octets using index points in b64
-                   h1 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
-                   h2 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
-                   h3 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
-                   h4 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
-                   bits = h1 << 18 | h2 << 12 | h3 << 6 | h4;
-                   o1 = bits >> 16 & 0xff;
-                   o2 = bits >> 8 & 0xff;
-                   o3 = bits & 0xff;
-                   ac += 1;
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
+         }; // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
 
-                   if (h3 === 64) {
-                     arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1);
-                   } else if (h4 === 64) {
-                     arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2);
-                   } else {
-                     arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2, o3);
-                   }
-                 } while (i < input.length);
 
-                 dec = arr.join('');
-                 dec = utf8 ? utf8Decode(dec) : dec;
-                 return dec;
-               }; // set custom pad string
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (!_actions.length) return '';
 
+           var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function (action) {
+             return action.disabled(context.graph());
+           }).filter(Boolean);
 
-               this.setPad = function (str) {
-                 pad = str || pad;
-                 return this;
-               }; // set custom tab string characters
+           if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
+             // none of the features can be circularized
+             if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
+               return 'multiple_blockers';
+             }
 
+             return actionDisableds[0];
+           } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           }
 
-               this.setTab = function (str) {
-                 tab = str || tab;
-                 return this;
-               };
+           return false;
 
-               this.setUTF8 = function (bool) {
-                 if (typeof bool === 'boolean') {
-                   utf8 = bool;
-                 }
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-                 return this;
-               };
-             },
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-             /**
-              * CRC-32 calculation
-              * @member Hashes
-              * @method CRC32
-              * @static
-              * @param {String} str Input String
-              * @return {String}
-              */
-             CRC32: function CRC32(str) {
-               var crc = 0,
-                   x = 0,
-                   y = 0,
-                   table,
-                   i,
-                   iTop;
-               str = utf8Encode(str);
-               table = ['00000000 77073096 EE0E612C 990951BA 076DC419 706AF48F E963A535 9E6495A3 0EDB8832 ', '79DCB8A4 E0D5E91E 97D2D988 09B64C2B 7EB17CBD E7B82D07 90BF1D91 1DB71064 6AB020F2 F3B97148 ', '84BE41DE 1ADAD47D 6DDDE4EB F4D4B551 83D385C7 136C9856 646BA8C0 FD62F97A 8A65C9EC 14015C4F ', '63066CD9 FA0F3D63 8D080DF5 3B6E20C8 4C69105E D56041E4 A2677172 3C03E4D1 4B04D447 D20D85FD ', 'A50AB56B 35B5A8FA 42B2986C DBBBC9D6 ACBCF940 32D86CE3 45DF5C75 DCD60DCF ABD13D59 26D930AC ', '51DE003A C8D75180 BFD06116 21B4F4B5 56B3C423 CFBA9599 B8BDA50F 2802B89E 5F058808 C60CD9B2 ', 'B10BE924 2F6F7C87 58684C11 C1611DAB B6662D3D 76DC4190 01DB7106 98D220BC EFD5102A 71B18589 ', '06B6B51F 9FBFE4A5 E8B8D433 7807C9A2 0F00F934 9609A88E E10E9818 7F6A0DBB 086D3D2D 91646C97 ', 'E6635C01 6B6B51F4 1C6C6162 856530D8 F262004E 6C0695ED 1B01A57B 8208F4C1 F50FC457 65B0D9C6 ', '12B7E950 8BBEB8EA FCB9887C 62DD1DDF 15DA2D49 8CD37CF3 FBD44C65 4DB26158 3AB551CE A3BC0074 ', 'D4BB30E2 4ADFA541 3DD895D7 A4D1C46D D3D6F4FB 4369E96A 346ED9FC AD678846 DA60B8D0 44042D73 ', '33031DE5 AA0A4C5F DD0D7CC9 5005713C 270241AA BE0B1010 C90C2086 5768B525 206F85B3 B966D409 ', 'CE61E49F 5EDEF90E 29D9C998 B0D09822 C7D7A8B4 59B33D17 2EB40D81 B7BD5C3B C0BA6CAD EDB88320 ', '9ABFB3B6 03B6E20C 74B1D29A EAD54739 9DD277AF 04DB2615 73DC1683 E3630B12 94643B84 0D6D6A3E ', '7A6A5AA8 E40ECF0B 9309FF9D 0A00AE27 7D079EB1 F00F9344 8708A3D2 1E01F268 6906C2FE F762575D ', '806567CB 196C3671 6E6B06E7 FED41B76 89D32BE0 10DA7A5A 67DD4ACC F9B9DF6F 8EBEEFF9 17B7BE43 ', '60B08ED5 D6D6A3E8 A1D1937E 38D8C2C4 4FDFF252 D1BB67F1 A6BC5767 3FB506DD 48B2364B D80D2BDA ', 'AF0A1B4C 36034AF6 41047A60 DF60EFC3 A867DF55 316E8EEF 4669BE79 CB61B38C BC66831A 256FD2A0 ', '5268E236 CC0C7795 BB0B4703 220216B9 5505262F C5BA3BBE B2BD0B28 2BB45A92 5CB36A04 C2D7FFA7 ', 'B5D0CF31 2CD99E8B 5BDEAE1D 9B64C2B0 EC63F226 756AA39C 026D930A 9C0906A9 EB0E363F 72076785 ', '05005713 95BF4A82 E2B87A14 7BB12BAE 0CB61B38 92D28E9B E5D5BE0D 7CDCEFB7 0BDBDF21 86D3D2D4 ', 'F1D4E242 68DDB3F8 1FDA836E 81BE16CD F6B9265B 6FB077E1 18B74777 88085AE6 FF0F6A70 66063BCA ', '11010B5C 8F659EFF F862AE69 616BFFD3 166CCF45 A00AE278 D70DD2EE 4E048354 3903B3C2 A7672661 ', 'D06016F7 4969474D 3E6E77DB AED16A4A D9D65ADC 40DF0B66 37D83BF0 A9BCAE53 DEBB9EC5 47B2CF7F ', '30B5FFE9 BDBDF21C CABAC28A 53B39330 24B4A3A6 BAD03605 CDD70693 54DE5729 23D967BF B3667A2E ', 'C4614AB8 5D681B02 2A6F2B94 B40BBE37 C30C8EA1 5A05DF1B 2D02EF8D'].join('');
-               crc = crc ^ -1;
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-               for (i = 0, iTop = str.length; i < iTop; i += 1) {
-                 y = (crc ^ str.charCodeAt(i)) & 0xFF;
-                 x = '0x' + table.substr(y * 9, 8);
-                 crc = crc >>> 8 ^ x;
-               } // always return a positive number (that's what >>> 0 does)
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.circularize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) : _t('operations.circularize.description.' + _amount);
+         };
 
-               return (crc ^ -1) >>> 0;
-             },
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.circularize.annotation.feature', {
+             n: _actions.length
+           });
+         };
 
-             /**
-              * @member Hashes
-              * @class MD5
-              * @constructor
-              * @param {Object} [config]
-              *
-              * A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
-              * Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
-              * Version 2.2 Copyright (C) Paul Johnston 1999 - 2009
-              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-              * See <http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5> for more infHashes.
-              */
-             MD5: function MD5(options) {
-               /**
-                * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-                * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
-                */
-               var hexcase = options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false,
-                   // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
-               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
-                   // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
-               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding
-               // privileged (public) methods
+         operation.id = 'circularize';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.circularize.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.circularize.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               this.hex = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
-               };
+       // For example, ⌘Z -> Ctrl+Z
 
-               this.b64 = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
-               };
+       var uiCmd = function uiCmd(code) {
+         var detected = utilDetect();
 
-               this.any = function (s, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
-               };
+         if (detected.os === 'mac') {
+           return code;
+         }
 
-               this.raw = function (s) {
-                 return rstr(s);
-               };
+         if (detected.os === 'win') {
+           if (code === '⌘⇧Z') return 'Ctrl+Y';
+         }
 
-               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d), hexcase);
-               };
+         var result = '',
+             replacements = {
+           '⌘': 'Ctrl',
+           '⇧': 'Shift',
+           '⌥': 'Alt',
+           '⌫': 'Backspace',
+           '⌦': 'Delete'
+         };
 
-               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-               };
+         for (var i = 0; i < code.length; i++) {
+           if (code[i] in replacements) {
+             result += replacements[code[i]] + (i < code.length - 1 ? '+' : '');
+           } else {
+             result += code[i];
+           }
+         }
 
-               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-               };
-               /**
-                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
-                */
+         return result;
+       }; // return a display-focused string for a given keyboard code
+
+       uiCmd.display = function (code) {
+         if (code.length !== 1) return code;
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var mac = detected.os === 'mac';
+         var replacements = {
+           '⌘': mac ? '⌘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.cmd') : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
+           '⇧': mac ? '⇧ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.shift') : _t('shortcuts.key.shift'),
+           '⌥': mac ? '⌥ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.option') : _t('shortcuts.key.alt'),
+           '⌃': mac ? '⌃ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl') : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
+           '⌫': mac ? '⌫ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.delete') : _t('shortcuts.key.backspace'),
+           '⌦': mac ? '⌦ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.del') : _t('shortcuts.key.del'),
+           '↖': mac ? '↖ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgup') : _t('shortcuts.key.pgup'),
+           '↘': mac ? '↘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn') : _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn'),
+           '⇞': mac ? '⇞ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.home') : _t('shortcuts.key.home'),
+           '⇟': mac ? '⇟ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.end') : _t('shortcuts.key.end'),
+           '↵': mac ? '⏎ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.return') : _t('shortcuts.key.enter'),
+           '⎋': mac ? '⎋ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.esc') : _t('shortcuts.key.esc'),
+           '☰': mac ? '☰ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.menu') : _t('shortcuts.key.menu')
+         };
+         return replacements[code] || code;
+       };
 
+       function operationDelete(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         var action = actionDeleteMultiple(selectedIDs);
+         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
+         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-               this.vm_test = function () {
-                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-               };
-               /**
-                * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-                * @param {Boolean}
-                * @return {Object} this
-                */
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var nextSelectedID;
+           var nextSelectedLoc;
 
+           if (selectedIDs.length === 1) {
+             var id = selectedIDs[0];
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
+             var parents = context.graph().parentWays(entity);
+             var parent = parents[0]; // Select the next closest node in the way.
 
-               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   hexcase = a;
-                 }
+             if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+               var nodes = parent.nodes;
+               var i = nodes.indexOf(id);
 
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {String} Pad
-                * @return {Object} this
-                */
+               if (i === 0) {
+                 i++;
+               } else if (i === nodes.length - 1) {
+                 i--;
+               } else {
+                 var a = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i - 1]).loc);
+                 var b = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i + 1]).loc);
+                 i = a < b ? i - 1 : i + 1;
+               }
 
+               nextSelectedID = nodes[i];
+               nextSelectedLoc = context.entity(nextSelectedID).loc;
+             }
+           }
 
-               this.setPad = function (a) {
-                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {Boolean}
-                * @return {Object} [this]
-                */
+           context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate();
 
+           if (nextSelectedID && nextSelectedLoc) {
+             if (context.hasEntity(nextSelectedID)) {
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [nextSelectedID]).follow(true));
+             } else {
+               context.map().centerEase(nextSelectedLoc);
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           } else {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }
+         };
 
-               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   utf8 = a;
-                 }
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return true;
+         };
 
-                 return this;
-               }; // private methods
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(protectedMember)) {
+             return 'part_of_relation';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
+             return 'has_wikidata_tag';
+           }
 
-               /**
-                * Calculate the MD5 of a raw string
-                */
+           return false;
 
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-               function rstr(s) {
-                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-                 return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
+
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
                }
-               /**
-                * Calculate the HMAC-MD5, of a key and some data (raw strings)
-                */
+             }
 
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-                 var bkey, ipad, opad, hash, i;
-                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
-                 bkey = rstr2binl(key);
+           function hasWikidataTag(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
+           }
 
-                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
-                   bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
-                 }
+           function incompleteRelation(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           }
 
-                 ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
+           function protectedMember(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             if (entity.type !== 'way') return false;
+             var parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
-                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
-                 }
+             for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+               var parent = parents[i];
+               var type = parent.tags.type;
+               var role = parent.memberById(id).role || 'outer';
 
-                 hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
-                 return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 128));
+               if (type === 'route' || type === 'boundary' || type === 'multipolygon' && role === 'outer') {
+                 return true;
                }
-               /**
-                * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
-                */
-
-
-               function binl(x, len) {
-                 var i,
-                     olda,
-                     oldb,
-                     oldc,
-                     oldd,
-                     a = 1732584193,
-                     b = -271733879,
-                     c = -1732584194,
-                     d = 271733878;
-                 /* append padding */
+             }
 
-                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << len % 32;
-                 x[(len + 64 >>> 9 << 4) + 14] = len;
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
-                   olda = a;
-                   oldb = b;
-                   oldc = c;
-                   oldd = d;
-                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 7, -680876936);
-                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 1], 12, -389564586);
-                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 17, 606105819);
-                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 3], 22, -1044525330);
-                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 7, -176418897);
-                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 5], 12, 1200080426);
-                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 17, -1473231341);
-                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 7], 22, -45705983);
-                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 7, 1770035416);
-                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 9], 12, -1958414417);
-                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 17, -42063);
-                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 11], 22, -1990404162);
-                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 7, 1804603682);
-                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 13], 12, -40341101);
-                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 17, -1502002290);
-                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 15], 22, 1236535329);
-                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 5, -165796510);
-                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 6], 9, -1069501632);
-                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 14, 643717713);
-                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 0], 20, -373897302);
-                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 5, -701558691);
-                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 10], 9, 38016083);
-                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 14, -660478335);
-                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 4], 20, -405537848);
-                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 5, 568446438);
-                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 14], 9, -1019803690);
-                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 14, -187363961);
-                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 8], 20, 1163531501);
-                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 5, -1444681467);
-                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 2], 9, -51403784);
-                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 14, 1735328473);
-                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 12], 20, -1926607734);
-                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 4, -378558);
-                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 8], 11, -2022574463);
-                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 16, 1839030562);
-                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 14], 23, -35309556);
-                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 4, -1530992060);
-                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 4], 11, 1272893353);
-                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 16, -155497632);
-                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 10], 23, -1094730640);
-                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 4, 681279174);
-                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 0], 11, -358537222);
-                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 16, -722521979);
-                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 6], 23, 76029189);
-                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 4, -640364487);
-                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 12], 11, -421815835);
-                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 16, 530742520);
-                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 2], 23, -995338651);
-                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 6, -198630844);
-                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 7], 10, 1126891415);
-                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 15, -1416354905);
-                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 5], 21, -57434055);
-                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 6, 1700485571);
-                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 3], 10, -1894986606);
-                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 15, -1051523);
-                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 1], 21, -2054922799);
-                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 6, 1873313359);
-                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 15], 10, -30611744);
-                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 15, -1560198380);
-                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 13], 21, 1309151649);
-                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 6, -145523070);
-                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 11], 10, -1120210379);
-                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 15, 718787259);
-                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 9], 21, -343485551);
-                   a = safe_add(a, olda);
-                   b = safe_add(b, oldb);
-                   c = safe_add(c, oldc);
-                   d = safe_add(d, oldd);
-                 }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.delete.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.delete.description.' + multi);
+         };
 
-                 return Array(a, b, c, d);
-               }
-               /**
-                * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
-                */
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.delete.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) : _t('operations.delete.annotation.feature', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
+         operation.id = 'delete';
+         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘⌫'), uiCmd('⌘⌦'), uiCmd('⌦')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.delete.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t) {
-                 return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s), b);
-               }
+       function operationOrthogonalize(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _extent;
 
-               function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
-                 return md5_cmn(b & c | ~b & d, a, b, x, s, t);
-               }
+         var _type;
 
-               function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
-                 return md5_cmn(b & d | c & ~d, a, b, x, s, t);
-               }
+         var _actions = selectedIDs.map(chooseAction).filter(Boolean);
 
-               function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
-                 return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
-               }
+         var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-               function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
-                 return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | ~d), a, b, x, s, t);
-               }
-             },
+         var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
 
-             /**
-              * @member Hashes
-              * @class Hashes.SHA1
-              * @param {Object} [config]
-              * @constructor
-              *
-              * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-1, as defined in FIPS 180-1
-              * Version 2.2 Copyright Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
-              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
-              */
-             SHA1: function SHA1(options) {
-               /**
-                * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-                * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
-                */
-               var hexcase = options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false,
-                   // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
-               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
-                   // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
-               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding
-               // public methods
+         function chooseAction(entityID) {
+           var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
 
-               this.hex = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
-               };
+           if (!_extent) {
+             _extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+           } else {
+             _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           } // square a line/area
 
-               this.b64 = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
-               };
 
-               this.any = function (s, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
-               };
+           if (entity.type === 'way' && new Set(entity.nodes).size > 2) {
+             if (_type && _type !== 'feature') return null;
+             _type = 'feature';
+             return actionOrthogonalize(entityID, context.projection); // square a single vertex
+           } else if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+             if (_type && _type !== 'corner') return null;
+             _type = 'corner';
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
 
-               this.raw = function (s) {
-                 return rstr(s);
-               };
+             if (parents.length === 1) {
+               var way = parents[0];
 
-               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
-               };
+               if (way.nodes.indexOf(entityID) !== -1) {
+                 return actionOrthogonalize(way.id, context.projection, entityID);
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-               };
+           return null;
+         }
 
-               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-               };
-               /**
-                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
-                * @public
-                */
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           if (!_actions.length) return;
 
+           var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph, t) {
+             _actions.forEach(function (action) {
+               if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
+                 graph = action(graph, t);
+               }
+             });
 
-               this.vm_test = function () {
-                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-                * @param {boolean}
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+             return graph;
+           };
 
+           combinedAction.transitionable = true;
+           context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }, 300); // after any transition
+         };
 
-               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   hexcase = a;
-                 }
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
+         }; // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
 
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {string} Pad
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
 
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (!_actions.length) return '';
 
-               this.setPad = function (a) {
-                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {boolean}
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+           var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function (action) {
+             return action.disabled(context.graph());
+           }).filter(Boolean);
 
+           if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
+             // none of the features can be squared
+             if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
+               return 'multiple_blockers';
+             }
 
-               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   utf8 = a;
-                 }
+             return actionDisableds[0];
+           } else if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           }
 
-                 return this;
-               }; // private methods
+           return false;
 
-               /**
-                * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
-                */
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-               function rstr(s) {
-                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-                 return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
                }
-               /**
-                * Calculate the HMAC-SHA1 of a key and some data (raw strings)
-                */
-
+             }
 
-               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-                 var bkey, ipad, opad, i, hash;
-                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
-                 bkey = rstr2binb(key);
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
-                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
-                   bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
-                 }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.orthogonalize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) : _t('operations.orthogonalize.description.' + _type + '.' + _amount);
+         };
 
-                 ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.' + _type, {
+             n: _actions.length
+           });
+         };
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
-                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
-                 }
+         operation.id = 'orthogonalize';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.orthogonalize.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.orthogonalize.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-                 hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
-                 return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
-               }
-               /**
-                * Calculate the SHA-1 of an array of big-endian words, and a bit length
-                */
+       function operationReflectShort(context, selectedIDs) {
+         return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'short');
+       }
+       function operationReflectLong(context, selectedIDs) {
+         return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'long');
+       }
+       function operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, axis) {
+         axis = axis || 'long';
+         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
+         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var action = actionReflect(selectedIDs, context.projection).useLongAxis(Boolean(axis === 'long'));
+           context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }, 300); // after any transition
+         };
 
-               function binb(x, len) {
-                 var i,
-                     j,
-                     t,
-                     olda,
-                     oldb,
-                     oldc,
-                     oldd,
-                     olde,
-                     w = Array(80),
-                     a = 1732584193,
-                     b = -271733879,
-                     c = -1732584194,
-                     d = 271733878,
-                     e = -1009589776;
-                 /* append padding */
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return nodes.length >= 3;
+         }; // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
 
-                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << 24 - len % 32;
-                 x[(len + 64 >> 9 << 4) + 15] = len;
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
-                   olda = a;
-                   oldb = b;
-                   oldc = c;
-                   oldd = d;
-                   olde = e;
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
+           }
 
-                   for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
-                     if (j < 16) {
-                       w[j] = x[i + j];
-                     } else {
-                       w[j] = bit_rol(w[j - 3] ^ w[j - 8] ^ w[j - 14] ^ w[j - 16], 1);
-                     }
+           return false;
 
-                     t = safe_add(safe_add(bit_rol(a, 5), sha1_ft(j, b, c, d)), safe_add(safe_add(e, w[j]), sha1_kt(j)));
-                     e = d;
-                     d = c;
-                     c = bit_rol(b, 30);
-                     b = a;
-                     a = t;
-                   }
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-                   a = safe_add(a, olda);
-                   b = safe_add(b, oldb);
-                   c = safe_add(c, oldc);
-                   d = safe_add(d, oldd);
-                   e = safe_add(e, olde);
-                 }
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-                 return Array(a, b, c, d, e);
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
                }
-               /**
-                * Perform the appropriate triplet combination function for the current
-                * iteration
-                */
+             }
 
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               function sha1_ft(t, b, c, d) {
-                 if (t < 20) {
-                   return b & c | ~b & d;
-                 }
+           function incompleteRelation(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           }
+         };
 
-                 if (t < 40) {
-                   return b ^ c ^ d;
-                 }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.reflect.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.reflect.description.' + axis + '.' + multi);
+         };
 
-                 if (t < 60) {
-                   return b & c | b & d | c & d;
-                 }
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.reflect.annotation.' + axis + '.feature', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
-                 return b ^ c ^ d;
-               }
-               /**
-                * Determine the appropriate additive constant for the current iteration
-                */
+         operation.id = 'reflect-' + axis;
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.reflect.key.' + axis)];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.reflect.title.' + axis);
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
+       function operationMove(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
+         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-               function sha1_kt(t) {
-                 return t < 20 ? 1518500249 : t < 40 ? 1859775393 : t < 60 ? -1894007588 : -899497514;
-               }
-             },
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.enter(modeMove(context, selectedIDs));
+         };
 
-             /**
-              * @class Hashes.SHA256
-              * @param {config}
-              *
-              * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined in FIPS 180-2
-              * Version 2.2 Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
-              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
-              * Also http://anmar.eu.org/projects/jssha2/
-              */
-             SHA256: function SHA256(options) {
-               /**
-                * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-                * @see this.setUpperCase() method
-                * @see this.setPad() method
-                */
-               var hexcase = options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false,
-                   // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
-               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length > 0;
+         };
 
-               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
-               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true,
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
+           }
 
-               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
-               sha256_K;
-               /* privileged (public) methods */
+           return false;
 
-               this.hex = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s, utf8));
-               };
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-               this.b64 = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s, utf8), b64pad);
-               };
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-               this.any = function (s, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr(s, utf8), e);
-               };
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-               this.raw = function (s) {
-                 return rstr(s, utf8);
-               };
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
-               };
+           function incompleteRelation(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           }
+         };
 
-               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-               };
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.move.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.move.description.' + multi);
+         };
 
-               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-               };
-               /**
-                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
-                * @public
-                */
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) : _t('operations.move.annotation.feature', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
+         operation.id = 'move';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.move.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.move.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         operation.mouseOnly = true;
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               this.vm_test = function () {
-                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-               };
-               /**
-                * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-                * @param {boolean}
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+       function modeRotate(context, entityIDs) {
+         var _tolerancePx = 4; // see also behaviorDrag, behaviorSelect, modeMove
 
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'rotate',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('rotate');
+         var behaviors = [behaviorEdit(context), operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationMove(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior];
+         var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) : _t('operations.rotate.annotation.feature', {
+           n: entityIDs.length
+         });
 
-               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   hexcase = a;
-                 }
+         var _prevGraph;
 
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {string} Pad
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+         var _prevAngle;
 
+         var _prevTransform;
 
-               this.setPad = function (a) {
-                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {boolean}
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+         var _pivot; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
 
-               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   utf8 = a;
-                 }
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-                 return this;
-               }; // private methods
+         function doRotate(d3_event) {
+           var fn;
 
-               /**
-                * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
-                */
+           if (context.graph() !== _prevGraph) {
+             fn = context.perform;
+           } else {
+             fn = context.replace;
+           } // projection changed, recalculate _pivot
 
 
-               function rstr(s, utf8) {
-                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-                 return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
-               }
-               /**
-                * Calculate the HMAC-sha256 of a key and some data (raw strings)
-                */
+           var projection = context.projection;
+           var currTransform = projection.transform();
 
+           if (!_prevTransform || currTransform.k !== _prevTransform.k || currTransform.x !== _prevTransform.x || currTransform.y !== _prevTransform.y) {
+             var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(entityIDs, context.graph());
+             var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+               return projection(n.loc);
+             });
+             _pivot = getPivot(points);
+             _prevAngle = undefined;
+           }
 
-               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
-                 var hash,
-                     i = 0,
-                     bkey = rstr2binb(key),
-                     ipad = Array(16),
-                     opad = Array(16);
+           var currMouse = context.map().mouse(d3_event);
+           var currAngle = Math.atan2(currMouse[1] - _pivot[1], currMouse[0] - _pivot[0]);
+           if (typeof _prevAngle === 'undefined') _prevAngle = currAngle;
+           var delta = currAngle - _prevAngle;
+           fn(actionRotate(entityIDs, _pivot, delta, projection));
+           _prevTransform = currTransform;
+           _prevAngle = currAngle;
+           _prevGraph = context.graph();
+         }
 
-                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
-                   bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
-                 }
+         function getPivot(points) {
+           var _pivot;
 
-                 for (; i < 16; i += 1) {
-                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
-                 }
+           if (points.length === 1) {
+             _pivot = points[0];
+           } else if (points.length === 2) {
+             _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
+           } else {
+             var polygonHull = d3_polygonHull(points);
 
-                 hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
-                 return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 256));
-               }
-               /*
-                * Main sha256 function, with its support functions
-                */
+             if (polygonHull.length === 2) {
+               _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
+             } else {
+               _pivot = d3_polygonCentroid(d3_polygonHull(points));
+             }
+           }
 
+           return _pivot;
+         }
 
-               function sha256_S(X, n) {
-                 return X >>> n | X << 32 - n;
-               }
+         function finish(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
+         }
 
-               function sha256_R(X, n) {
-                 return X >>> n;
-               }
+         function cancel() {
+           if (_prevGraph) context.pop(); // remove the rotate
 
-               function sha256_Ch(x, y, z) {
-                 return x & y ^ ~x & z;
-               }
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
+         }
 
-               function sha256_Maj(x, y, z) {
-                 return x & y ^ x & z ^ y & z;
-               }
+         function undone() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-               function sha256_Sigma0256(x) {
-                 return sha256_S(x, 2) ^ sha256_S(x, 13) ^ sha256_S(x, 22);
-               }
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           _prevGraph = null;
+           context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);
+           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+           var downEvent;
+           context.surface().on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.modeRotate', function (d3_event) {
+             downEvent = d3_event;
+           });
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.modeRotate', doRotate, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.modeRotate', function (d3_event) {
+             if (!downEvent) return;
+             var mapNode = context.container().select('.main-map').node();
+             var pointGetter = utilFastMouse(mapNode);
+             var p1 = pointGetter(downEvent);
+             var p2 = pointGetter(d3_event);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(p1, p2);
+             if (dist <= _tolerancePx) finish(d3_event);
+             downEvent = null;
+           }, true);
+           context.history().on('undone.modeRotate', undone);
+           keybinding.on('⎋', cancel).on('↩', finish);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+         };
 
-               function sha256_Sigma1256(x) {
-                 return sha256_S(x, 6) ^ sha256_S(x, 11) ^ sha256_S(x, 25);
-               }
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+           context.surface().on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.modeRotate', null);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.modeRotate', null, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.modeRotate', null, true);
+           context.history().on('undone.modeRotate', null);
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.features().forceVisible([]);
+         };
 
-               function sha256_Gamma0256(x) {
-                 return sha256_S(x, 7) ^ sha256_S(x, 18) ^ sha256_R(x, 3);
-               }
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return entityIDs; // no assign
 
-               function sha256_Gamma1256(x) {
-                 return sha256_S(x, 17) ^ sha256_S(x, 19) ^ sha256_R(x, 10);
-               }
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-               sha256_K = [1116352408, 1899447441, -1245643825, -373957723, 961987163, 1508970993, -1841331548, -1424204075, -670586216, 310598401, 607225278, 1426881987, 1925078388, -2132889090, -1680079193, -1046744716, -459576895, -272742522, 264347078, 604807628, 770255983, 1249150122, 1555081692, 1996064986, -1740746414, -1473132947, -1341970488, -1084653625, -958395405, -710438585, 113926993, 338241895, 666307205, 773529912, 1294757372, 1396182291, 1695183700, 1986661051, -2117940946, -1838011259, -1564481375, -1474664885, -1035236496, -949202525, -778901479, -694614492, -200395387, 275423344, 430227734, 506948616, 659060556, 883997877, 958139571, 1322822218, 1537002063, 1747873779, 1955562222, 2024104815, -2067236844, -1933114872, -1866530822, -1538233109, -1090935817, -965641998];
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               function binb(m, l) {
-                 var HASH = [1779033703, -1150833019, 1013904242, -1521486534, 1359893119, -1694144372, 528734635, 1541459225];
-                 var W = new Array(64);
-                 var a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h;
-                 var i, j, T1, T2;
-                 /* append padding */
+       function operationRotate(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
+         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-                 m[l >> 5] |= 0x80 << 24 - l % 32;
-                 m[(l + 64 >> 9 << 4) + 15] = l;
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.enter(modeRotate(context, selectedIDs));
+         };
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < m.length; i += 16) {
-                   a = HASH[0];
-                   b = HASH[1];
-                   c = HASH[2];
-                   d = HASH[3];
-                   e = HASH[4];
-                   f = HASH[5];
-                   g = HASH[6];
-                   h = HASH[7];
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return nodes.length >= 2;
+         };
 
-                   for (j = 0; j < 64; j += 1) {
-                     if (j < 16) {
-                       W[j] = m[j + i];
-                     } else {
-                       W[j] = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(sha256_Gamma1256(W[j - 2]), W[j - 7]), sha256_Gamma0256(W[j - 15])), W[j - 16]);
-                     }
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
+           }
 
-                     T1 = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(h, sha256_Sigma1256(e)), sha256_Ch(e, f, g)), sha256_K[j]), W[j]);
-                     T2 = safe_add(sha256_Sigma0256(a), sha256_Maj(a, b, c));
-                     h = g;
-                     g = f;
-                     f = e;
-                     e = safe_add(d, T1);
-                     d = c;
-                     c = b;
-                     b = a;
-                     a = safe_add(T1, T2);
-                   }
+           return false;
 
-                   HASH[0] = safe_add(a, HASH[0]);
-                   HASH[1] = safe_add(b, HASH[1]);
-                   HASH[2] = safe_add(c, HASH[2]);
-                   HASH[3] = safe_add(d, HASH[3]);
-                   HASH[4] = safe_add(e, HASH[4]);
-                   HASH[5] = safe_add(f, HASH[5]);
-                   HASH[6] = safe_add(g, HASH[6]);
-                   HASH[7] = safe_add(h, HASH[7]);
-                 }
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-                 return HASH;
-               }
-             },
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-             /**
-              * @class Hashes.SHA512
-              * @param {config}
-              *
-              * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-512, as defined in FIPS 180-2
-              * Version 2.2 Copyright Anonymous Contributor, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
-              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
-              */
-             SHA512: function SHA512(options) {
-               /**
-                * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-                * @see this.setUpperCase() method
-                * @see this.setPad() method
-                */
-               var hexcase = options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false,
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-               /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
-               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
-               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true,
+           function incompleteRelation(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           }
+         };
 
-               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
-               sha512_k;
-               /* privileged (public) methods */
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.rotate.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.rotate.description.' + multi);
+         };
 
-               this.hex = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
-               };
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) : _t('operations.rotate.annotation.feature', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
-               this.b64 = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
-               };
+         operation.id = 'rotate';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.rotate.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.rotate.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         operation.mouseOnly = true;
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               this.any = function (s, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
-               };
+       function modeMove(context, entityIDs, baseGraph) {
+         var _tolerancePx = 4; // see also behaviorDrag, behaviorSelect, modeRotate
 
-               this.raw = function (s) {
-                 return rstr(s);
-               };
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'move',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('move');
+         var behaviors = [behaviorEdit(context), operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationRotate(context, entityIDs).behavior];
+         var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) : _t('operations.move.annotation.feature', {
+           n: entityIDs.length
+         });
 
-               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
-               };
+         var _prevGraph;
 
-               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-               };
+         var _cache;
 
-               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-               };
-               /**
-                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
-                * @public
-                */
+         var _origin;
 
+         var _nudgeInterval; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-               this.vm_test = function () {
-                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-                * @param {boolean}
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
 
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   hexcase = a;
-                 }
+         function doMove(nudge) {
+           nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
+           var fn;
 
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {string} Pad
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+           if (_prevGraph !== context.graph()) {
+             _cache = {};
+             _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
+             fn = context.perform;
+           } else {
+             fn = context.overwrite;
+           }
 
+           var currMouse = context.map().mouse();
+           var origMouse = context.projection(_origin);
+           var delta = geoVecSubtract(geoVecSubtract(currMouse, origMouse), nudge);
+           fn(actionMove(entityIDs, delta, context.projection, _cache));
+           _prevGraph = context.graph();
+         }
 
-               this.setPad = function (a) {
-                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {boolean}
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+         function startNudge(nudge) {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+           _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function () {
+             context.map().pan(nudge);
+             doMove(nudge);
+           }, 50);
+         }
 
+         function stopNudge() {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) {
+             window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+             _nudgeInterval = null;
+           }
+         }
 
-               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   utf8 = a;
-                 }
+         function move() {
+           doMove();
+           var nudge = geoViewportEdge(context.map().mouse(), context.map().dimensions());
 
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /* private methods */
+           if (nudge) {
+             startNudge(nudge);
+           } else {
+             stopNudge();
+           }
+         }
 
-               /**
-                * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
-                */
+         function finish(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
+           stopNudge();
+         }
 
+         function cancel() {
+           if (baseGraph) {
+             while (context.graph() !== baseGraph) {
+               context.pop();
+             } // reset to baseGraph
 
-               function rstr(s) {
-                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-                 return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
-               }
-               /*
-                * Calculate the HMAC-SHA-512 of a key and some data (raw strings)
-                */
 
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           } else {
+             if (_prevGraph) context.pop(); // remove the move
 
-               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
-                 var hash,
-                     i = 0,
-                     bkey = rstr2binb(key),
-                     ipad = Array(32),
-                     opad = Array(32);
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
+           }
 
-                 if (bkey.length > 32) {
-                   bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
-                 }
+           stopNudge();
+         }
 
-                 for (; i < 32; i += 1) {
-                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
-                 }
+         function undone() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-                 hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 1024 + data.length * 8);
-                 return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 1024 + 512));
-               }
-               /**
-                * Calculate the SHA-512 of an array of big-endian dwords, and a bit length
-                */
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
+           _prevGraph = null;
+           _cache = {};
+           context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);
+           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+           var downEvent;
+           context.surface().on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.modeMove', function (d3_event) {
+             downEvent = d3_event;
+           });
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.modeMove', move, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.modeMove', function (d3_event) {
+             if (!downEvent) return;
+             var mapNode = context.container().select('.main-map').node();
+             var pointGetter = utilFastMouse(mapNode);
+             var p1 = pointGetter(downEvent);
+             var p2 = pointGetter(d3_event);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(p1, p2);
+             if (dist <= _tolerancePx) finish(d3_event);
+             downEvent = null;
+           }, true);
+           context.history().on('undone.modeMove', undone);
+           keybinding.on('⎋', cancel).on('↩', finish);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+         };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           stopNudge();
+           behaviors.forEach(function (behavior) {
+             context.uninstall(behavior);
+           });
+           context.surface().on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.modeMove', null);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.modeMove', null, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.modeMove', null, true);
+           context.history().on('undone.modeMove', null);
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.features().forceVisible([]);
+         };
 
-               function binb(x, len) {
-                 var j,
-                     i,
-                     l,
-                     W = new Array(80),
-                     hash = new Array(16),
-                     //Initial hash values
-                 H = [new int64(0x6a09e667, -205731576), new int64(-1150833019, -2067093701), new int64(0x3c6ef372, -23791573), new int64(-1521486534, 0x5f1d36f1), new int64(0x510e527f, -1377402159), new int64(-1694144372, 0x2b3e6c1f), new int64(0x1f83d9ab, -79577749), new int64(0x5be0cd19, 0x137e2179)],
-                     T1 = new int64(0, 0),
-                     T2 = new int64(0, 0),
-                     a = new int64(0, 0),
-                     b = new int64(0, 0),
-                     c = new int64(0, 0),
-                     d = new int64(0, 0),
-                     e = new int64(0, 0),
-                     f = new int64(0, 0),
-                     g = new int64(0, 0),
-                     h = new int64(0, 0),
-                     //Temporary variables not specified by the document
-                 s0 = new int64(0, 0),
-                     s1 = new int64(0, 0),
-                     Ch = new int64(0, 0),
-                     Maj = new int64(0, 0),
-                     r1 = new int64(0, 0),
-                     r2 = new int64(0, 0),
-                     r3 = new int64(0, 0);
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return entityIDs; // no assign
 
-                 if (sha512_k === undefined) {
-                   //SHA512 constants
-                   sha512_k = [new int64(0x428a2f98, -685199838), new int64(0x71374491, 0x23ef65cd), new int64(-1245643825, -330482897), new int64(-373957723, -2121671748), new int64(0x3956c25b, -213338824), new int64(0x59f111f1, -1241133031), new int64(-1841331548, -1357295717), new int64(-1424204075, -630357736), new int64(-670586216, -1560083902), new int64(0x12835b01, 0x45706fbe), new int64(0x243185be, 0x4ee4b28c), new int64(0x550c7dc3, -704662302), new int64(0x72be5d74, -226784913), new int64(-2132889090, 0x3b1696b1), new int64(-1680079193, 0x25c71235), new int64(-1046744716, -815192428), new int64(-459576895, -1628353838), new int64(-272742522, 0x384f25e3), new int64(0xfc19dc6, -1953704523), new int64(0x240ca1cc, 0x77ac9c65), new int64(0x2de92c6f, 0x592b0275), new int64(0x4a7484aa, 0x6ea6e483), new int64(0x5cb0a9dc, -1119749164), new int64(0x76f988da, -2096016459), new int64(-1740746414, -295247957), new int64(-1473132947, 0x2db43210), new int64(-1341970488, -1728372417), new int64(-1084653625, -1091629340), new int64(-958395405, 0x3da88fc2), new int64(-710438585, -1828018395), new int64(0x6ca6351, -536640913), new int64(0x14292967, 0xa0e6e70), new int64(0x27b70a85, 0x46d22ffc), new int64(0x2e1b2138, 0x5c26c926), new int64(0x4d2c6dfc, 0x5ac42aed), new int64(0x53380d13, -1651133473), new int64(0x650a7354, -1951439906), new int64(0x766a0abb, 0x3c77b2a8), new int64(-2117940946, 0x47edaee6), new int64(-1838011259, 0x1482353b), new int64(-1564481375, 0x4cf10364), new int64(-1474664885, -1136513023), new int64(-1035236496, -789014639), new int64(-949202525, 0x654be30), new int64(-778901479, -688958952), new int64(-694614492, 0x5565a910), new int64(-200395387, 0x5771202a), new int64(0x106aa070, 0x32bbd1b8), new int64(0x19a4c116, -1194143544), new int64(0x1e376c08, 0x5141ab53), new int64(0x2748774c, -544281703), new int64(0x34b0bcb5, -509917016), new int64(0x391c0cb3, -976659869), new int64(0x4ed8aa4a, -482243893), new int64(0x5b9cca4f, 0x7763e373), new int64(0x682e6ff3, -692930397), new int64(0x748f82ee, 0x5defb2fc), new int64(0x78a5636f, 0x43172f60), new int64(-2067236844, -1578062990), new int64(-1933114872, 0x1a6439ec), new int64(-1866530822, 0x23631e28), new int64(-1538233109, -561857047), new int64(-1090935817, -1295615723), new int64(-965641998, -479046869), new int64(-903397682, -366583396), new int64(-779700025, 0x21c0c207), new int64(-354779690, -840897762), new int64(-176337025, -294727304), new int64(0x6f067aa, 0x72176fba), new int64(0xa637dc5, -1563912026), new int64(0x113f9804, -1090974290), new int64(0x1b710b35, 0x131c471b), new int64(0x28db77f5, 0x23047d84), new int64(0x32caab7b, 0x40c72493), new int64(0x3c9ebe0a, 0x15c9bebc), new int64(0x431d67c4, -1676669620), new int64(0x4cc5d4be, -885112138), new int64(0x597f299c, -60457430), new int64(0x5fcb6fab, 0x3ad6faec), new int64(0x6c44198c, 0x4a475817)];
-                 }
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < 80; i += 1) {
-                   W[i] = new int64(0, 0);
-                 } // append padding to the source string. The format is described in the FIPS.
+         return mode;
+       }
 
+       function behaviorPaste(context) {
+         function doPaste(d3_event) {
+           // prevent paste during low zoom selection
+           if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           var baseGraph = context.graph();
+           var mouse = context.map().mouse();
+           var projection = context.projection;
+           var viewport = geoExtent(projection.clipExtent()).polygon();
+           if (!geoPointInPolygon(mouse, viewport)) return;
+           var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
+           if (!oldIDs.length) return;
+           var extent = geoExtent();
+           var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
+           var newIDs = [];
+           var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
+           context.perform(action);
+           var copies = action.copies();
+           var originals = new Set();
+           Object.values(copies).forEach(function (entity) {
+             originals.add(entity.id);
+           });
 
-                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << 24 - (len & 0x1f);
-                 x[(len + 128 >> 10 << 5) + 31] = len;
-                 l = x.length;
+           for (var id in copies) {
+             var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
+             var newEntity = copies[id];
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < l; i += 32) {
-                   //32 dwords is the block size
-                   int64copy(a, H[0]);
-                   int64copy(b, H[1]);
-                   int64copy(c, H[2]);
-                   int64copy(d, H[3]);
-                   int64copy(e, H[4]);
-                   int64copy(f, H[5]);
-                   int64copy(g, H[6]);
-                   int64copy(h, H[7]);
+             extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph)); // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
 
-                   for (j = 0; j < 16; j += 1) {
-                     W[j].h = x[i + 2 * j];
-                     W[j].l = x[i + 2 * j + 1];
-                   }
 
-                   for (j = 16; j < 80; j += 1) {
-                     //sigma1
-                     int64rrot(r1, W[j - 2], 19);
-                     int64revrrot(r2, W[j - 2], 29);
-                     int64shr(r3, W[j - 2], 6);
-                     s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
-                     s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h; //sigma0
+             var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
+             var parentCopied = parents.some(function (parent) {
+               return originals.has(parent.id);
+             });
 
-                     int64rrot(r1, W[j - 15], 1);
-                     int64rrot(r2, W[j - 15], 8);
-                     int64shr(r3, W[j - 15], 7);
-                     s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
-                     s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;
-                     int64add4(W[j], s1, W[j - 7], s0, W[j - 16]);
-                   }
+             if (!parentCopied) {
+               newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
+             }
+           } // Put pasted objects where mouse pointer is..
 
-                   for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
-                     //Ch
-                     Ch.l = e.l & f.l ^ ~e.l & g.l;
-                     Ch.h = e.h & f.h ^ ~e.h & g.h; //Sigma1
 
-                     int64rrot(r1, e, 14);
-                     int64rrot(r2, e, 18);
-                     int64revrrot(r3, e, 9);
-                     s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
-                     s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h; //Sigma0
+           var copyPoint = context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat()) || projection(extent.center());
+           var delta = geoVecSubtract(mouse, copyPoint);
+           context.perform(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection));
+           context.enter(modeMove(context, newIDs, baseGraph));
+         }
 
-                     int64rrot(r1, a, 28);
-                     int64revrrot(r2, a, 2);
-                     int64revrrot(r3, a, 7);
-                     s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
-                     s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h; //Maj
+         function behavior() {
+           context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘V'), doPaste);
+           return behavior;
+         }
 
-                     Maj.l = a.l & b.l ^ a.l & c.l ^ b.l & c.l;
-                     Maj.h = a.h & b.h ^ a.h & c.h ^ b.h & c.h;
-                     int64add5(T1, h, s1, Ch, sha512_k[j], W[j]);
-                     int64add(T2, s0, Maj);
-                     int64copy(h, g);
-                     int64copy(g, f);
-                     int64copy(f, e);
-                     int64add(e, d, T1);
-                     int64copy(d, c);
-                     int64copy(c, b);
-                     int64copy(b, a);
-                     int64add(a, T1, T2);
-                   }
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           context.keybinding().off(uiCmd('⌘V'));
+         };
 
-                   int64add(H[0], H[0], a);
-                   int64add(H[1], H[1], b);
-                   int64add(H[2], H[2], c);
-                   int64add(H[3], H[3], d);
-                   int64add(H[4], H[4], e);
-                   int64add(H[5], H[5], f);
-                   int64add(H[6], H[6], g);
-                   int64add(H[7], H[7], h);
-                 } //represent the hash as an array of 32-bit dwords
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
+       var $$5 = _export;
+       var repeat = stringRepeat;
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < 8; i += 1) {
-                   hash[2 * i] = H[i].h;
-                   hash[2 * i + 1] = H[i].l;
-                 }
+       // `String.prototype.repeat` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.repeat
+       $$5({ target: 'String', proto: true }, {
+         repeat: repeat
+       });
 
-                 return hash;
-               } //A constructor for 64-bit numbers
+       /*
+           `behaviorDrag` is like `d3_behavior.drag`, with the following differences:
+
+           * The `origin` function is expected to return an [x, y] tuple rather than an
+             {x, y} object.
+           * The events are `start`, `move`, and `end`.
+             (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/issues/563)
+           * The `start` event is not dispatched until the first cursor movement occurs.
+             (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/pull/368)
+           * The `move` event has a `point` and `delta` [x, y] tuple properties rather
+             than `x`, `y`, `dx`, and `dy` properties.
+           * The `end` event is not dispatched if no movement occurs.
+           * An `off` function is available that unbinds the drag's internal event handlers.
+        */
 
+       function behaviorDrag() {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('start', 'move', 'end'); // see also behaviorSelect
 
-               function int64(h, l) {
-                 this.h = h;
-                 this.l = l; //this.toString = int64toString;
-               } //Copies src into dst, assuming both are 64-bit numbers
+         var _tolerancePx = 1; // keep this low to facilitate pixel-perfect micromapping
 
+         var _penTolerancePx = 4; // styluses can be touchy so require greater movement - #1981
 
-               function int64copy(dst, src) {
-                 dst.h = src.h;
-                 dst.l = src.l;
-               } //Right-rotates a 64-bit number by shift
-               //Won't handle cases of shift>=32
-               //The function revrrot() is for that
+         var _origin = null;
+         var _selector = '';
 
+         var _targetNode;
 
-               function int64rrot(dst, x, shift) {
-                 dst.l = x.l >>> shift | x.h << 32 - shift;
-                 dst.h = x.h >>> shift | x.l << 32 - shift;
-               } //Reverses the dwords of the source and then rotates right by shift.
-               //This is equivalent to rotation by 32+shift
+         var _targetEntity;
 
+         var _surface;
 
-               function int64revrrot(dst, x, shift) {
-                 dst.l = x.h >>> shift | x.l << 32 - shift;
-                 dst.h = x.l >>> shift | x.h << 32 - shift;
-               } //Bitwise-shifts right a 64-bit number by shift
-               //Won't handle shift>=32, but it's never needed in SHA512
+         var _pointerId; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
 
-               function int64shr(dst, x, shift) {
-                 dst.l = x.l >>> shift | x.h << 32 - shift;
-                 dst.h = x.h >>> shift;
-               } //Adds two 64-bit numbers
-               //Like the original implementation, does not rely on 32-bit operations
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
+         var d3_event_userSelectProperty = utilPrefixCSSProperty('UserSelect');
 
-               function int64add(dst, x, y) {
-                 var w0 = (x.l & 0xffff) + (y.l & 0xffff);
-                 var w1 = (x.l >>> 16) + (y.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
-                 var w2 = (x.h & 0xffff) + (y.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
-                 var w3 = (x.h >>> 16) + (y.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
-                 dst.l = w0 & 0xffff | w1 << 16;
-                 dst.h = w2 & 0xffff | w3 << 16;
-               } //Same, except with 4 addends. Works faster than adding them one by one.
+         var d3_event_userSelectSuppress = function d3_event_userSelectSuppress() {
+           var selection$1 = selection();
+           var select = selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty);
+           selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, 'none');
+           return function () {
+             selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, select);
+           };
+         };
+
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           if (_pointerId) return;
+           _pointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+           _targetNode = this; // only force reflow once per drag
 
+           var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(_surface || _targetNode.parentNode);
+           var offset;
+           var startOrigin = pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
+           var started = false;
+           var selectEnable = d3_event_userSelectSuppress();
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', pointerup, true);
 
-               function int64add4(dst, a, b, c, d) {
-                 var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff);
-                 var w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
-                 var w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
-                 var w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
-                 dst.l = w0 & 0xffff | w1 << 16;
-                 dst.h = w2 & 0xffff | w3 << 16;
-               } //Same, except with 5 addends
+           if (_origin) {
+             offset = _origin.call(_targetNode, _targetEntity);
+             offset = [offset[0] - startOrigin[0], offset[1] - startOrigin[1]];
+           } else {
+             offset = [0, 0];
+           }
 
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
 
-               function int64add5(dst, a, b, c, d, e) {
-                 var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff) + (e.l & 0xffff),
-                     w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (e.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16),
-                     w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (e.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16),
-                     w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (e.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
-                 dst.l = w0 & 0xffff | w1 << 16;
-                 dst.h = w2 & 0xffff | w3 << 16;
-               }
-             },
+           function pointermove(d3_event) {
+             if (_pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             var p = pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
 
-             /**
-              * @class Hashes.RMD160
-              * @constructor
-              * @param {Object} [config]
-              *
-              * A JavaScript implementation of the RIPEMD-160 Algorithm
-              * Version 2.2 Copyright Jeremy Lin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
-              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
-              * Also http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~jjlin/jsotp/
-              */
-             RMD160: function RMD160(options) {
-               /**
-                * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-                * @see this.setUpperCase() method
-                * @see this.setPad() method
-                */
-               var hexcase = options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false,
+             if (!started) {
+               var dist = geoVecLength(startOrigin, p);
+               var tolerance = d3_event.pointerType === 'pen' ? _penTolerancePx : _tolerancePx; // don't start until the drag has actually moved somewhat
 
-               /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
-               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pa : '=',
+               if (dist < tolerance) return;
+               started = true;
+               dispatch.call('start', this, d3_event, _targetEntity); // Don't send a `move` event in the same cycle as `start` since dragging
+               // a midpoint will convert the target to a node.
+             } else {
+               startOrigin = p;
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               var dx = p[0] - startOrigin[0];
+               var dy = p[1] - startOrigin[1];
+               dispatch.call('move', this, d3_event, _targetEntity, [p[0] + offset[0], p[1] + offset[1]], [dx, dy]);
+             }
+           }
 
-               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
-               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true,
+           function pointerup(d3_event) {
+             if (_pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             _pointerId = null;
 
-               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
-               rmd160_r1 = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 7, 4, 13, 1, 10, 6, 15, 3, 12, 0, 9, 5, 2, 14, 11, 8, 3, 10, 14, 4, 9, 15, 8, 1, 2, 7, 0, 6, 13, 11, 5, 12, 1, 9, 11, 10, 0, 8, 12, 4, 13, 3, 7, 15, 14, 5, 6, 2, 4, 0, 5, 9, 7, 12, 2, 10, 14, 1, 3, 8, 11, 6, 15, 13],
-                   rmd160_r2 = [5, 14, 7, 0, 9, 2, 11, 4, 13, 6, 15, 8, 1, 10, 3, 12, 6, 11, 3, 7, 0, 13, 5, 10, 14, 15, 8, 12, 4, 9, 1, 2, 15, 5, 1, 3, 7, 14, 6, 9, 11, 8, 12, 2, 10, 0, 4, 13, 8, 6, 4, 1, 3, 11, 15, 0, 5, 12, 2, 13, 9, 7, 10, 14, 12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 6, 2, 13, 14, 0, 3, 9, 11],
-                   rmd160_s1 = [11, 14, 15, 12, 5, 8, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 6, 7, 9, 8, 7, 6, 8, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 7, 12, 15, 9, 11, 7, 13, 12, 11, 13, 6, 7, 14, 9, 13, 15, 14, 8, 13, 6, 5, 12, 7, 5, 11, 12, 14, 15, 14, 15, 9, 8, 9, 14, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 12, 9, 15, 5, 11, 6, 8, 13, 12, 5, 12, 13, 14, 11, 8, 5, 6],
-                   rmd160_s2 = [8, 9, 9, 11, 13, 15, 15, 5, 7, 7, 8, 11, 14, 14, 12, 6, 9, 13, 15, 7, 12, 8, 9, 11, 7, 7, 12, 7, 6, 15, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 11, 8, 6, 6, 14, 12, 13, 5, 14, 13, 13, 7, 5, 15, 5, 8, 11, 14, 14, 6, 14, 6, 9, 12, 9, 12, 5, 15, 8, 8, 5, 12, 9, 12, 5, 14, 6, 8, 13, 6, 5, 15, 13, 11, 11];
-               /* privileged (public) methods */
+             if (started) {
+               dispatch.call('end', this, d3_event, _targetEntity);
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             }
 
-               this.hex = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
-               };
+             select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);
+             selectEnable();
+           }
+         }
 
-               this.b64 = function (s) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
-               };
+         function behavior(selection) {
+           var matchesSelector = utilPrefixDOMProperty('matchesSelector');
+           var delegate = pointerdown;
 
-               this.any = function (s, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
-               };
+           if (_selector) {
+             delegate = function delegate(d3_event) {
+               var root = this;
+               var target = d3_event.target;
 
-               this.raw = function (s) {
-                 return rstr(s);
-               };
+               for (; target && target !== root; target = target.parentNode) {
+                 var datum = target.__data__;
+                 _targetEntity = datum instanceof osmNote ? datum : datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
 
-               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
-               };
+                 if (_targetEntity && target[matchesSelector](_selector)) {
+                   return pointerdown.call(target, d3_event);
+                 }
+               }
+             };
+           }
 
-               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
-                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-               };
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, delegate);
+         }
 
-               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
-                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-               };
-               /**
-                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
-                * @public
-                */
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, null);
+         };
 
+         behavior.selector = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selector;
+           _selector = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-               this.vm_test = function () {
-                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-                * @param {boolean}
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+         behavior.origin = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _origin;
+           _origin = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
+         behavior.cancel = function () {
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   hexcase = a;
-                 }
+         behavior.targetNode = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _targetNode;
+           _targetNode = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {string} Pad
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+         behavior.targetEntity = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _targetEntity;
+           _targetEntity = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
+         behavior.surface = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _surface;
+           _surface = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-               this.setPad = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a !== 'undefined') {
-                   b64pad = a;
-                 }
+         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /**
-                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-                * @param {boolean}
-                * @return {Object} this
-                * @public
-                */
+       function modeDragNode(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'drag-node',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var hover = behaviorHover(context).altDisables(true).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
+         var edit = behaviorEdit(context);
 
+         var _nudgeInterval;
 
-               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
-                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                   utf8 = a;
-                 }
+         var _restoreSelectedIDs = [];
+         var _wasMidpoint = false;
+         var _isCancelled = false;
 
-                 return this;
-               };
-               /* private methods */
+         var _activeEntity;
 
-               /**
-                * Calculate the rmd160 of a raw string
-                */
+         var _startLoc;
 
+         var _lastLoc;
 
-               function rstr(s) {
-                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-                 return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
-               }
-               /**
-                * Calculate the HMAC-rmd160 of a key and some data (raw strings)
-                */
+         function startNudge(d3_event, entity, nudge) {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+           _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function () {
+             context.map().pan(nudge);
+             doMove(d3_event, entity, nudge);
+           }, 50);
+         }
 
+         function stopNudge() {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) {
+             window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+             _nudgeInterval = null;
+           }
+         }
 
-               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
-                 var i,
-                     hash,
-                     bkey = rstr2binl(key),
-                     ipad = Array(16),
-                     opad = Array(16);
+         function moveAnnotation(entity) {
+           return _t('operations.move.annotation.' + entity.geometry(context.graph()));
+         }
 
-                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
-                   bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
-                 }
+         function connectAnnotation(nodeEntity, targetEntity) {
+           var nodeGeometry = nodeEntity.geometry(context.graph());
+           var targetGeometry = targetEntity.geometry(context.graph());
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
-                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
-                 }
+           if (nodeGeometry === 'vertex' && targetGeometry === 'vertex') {
+             var nodeParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(nodeEntity);
+             var targetParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(targetEntity);
+             var sharedParentWays = utilArrayIntersection(nodeParentWayIDs, targetParentWayIDs); // if both vertices are part of the same way
 
-                 hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
-                 return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
+             if (sharedParentWays.length !== 0) {
+               // if the nodes are next to each other, they are merged
+               if (sharedParentWays[0].areAdjacent(nodeEntity.id, targetEntity.id)) {
+                 return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_adjacent_vertex');
                }
-               /**
-                * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
-                */
 
+               return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_sibling_vertex');
+             }
+           }
 
-               function binl2rstr(input) {
-                 var i,
-                     output = '',
-                     l = input.length * 32;
+           return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_' + nodeGeometry + '.to_' + targetGeometry);
+         }
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-                   output += String.fromCharCode(input[i >> 5] >>> i % 32 & 0xFF);
-                 }
+         function shouldSnapToNode(target) {
+           if (!_activeEntity) return false;
+           return _activeEntity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex' || target.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(target, context.graph());
+         }
 
-                 return output;
-               }
-               /**
-                * Calculate the RIPE-MD160 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
-                */
+         function origin(entity) {
+           return context.projection(entity.loc);
+         }
 
+         function keydown(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
+               context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', true);
+             }
 
-               function binl(x, len) {
-                 var T,
-                     j,
-                     i,
-                     l,
-                     h0 = 0x67452301,
-                     h1 = 0xefcdab89,
-                     h2 = 0x98badcfe,
-                     h3 = 0x10325476,
-                     h4 = 0xc3d2e1f0,
-                     A1,
-                     B1,
-                     C1,
-                     D1,
-                     E1,
-                     A2,
-                     B2,
-                     C2,
-                     D2,
-                     E2;
-                 /* append padding */
+             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-disabled', true);
+           }
+         }
 
-                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << len % 32;
-                 x[(len + 64 >>> 9 << 4) + 14] = len;
-                 l = x.length;
+         function keyup(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
+               context.surface().classed('nope', true);
+             }
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < l; i += 16) {
-                   A1 = A2 = h0;
-                   B1 = B2 = h1;
-                   C1 = C2 = h2;
-                   D1 = D2 = h3;
-                   E1 = E2 = h4;
+             context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false);
+           }
+         }
 
-                   for (j = 0; j <= 79; j += 1) {
-                     T = safe_add(A1, rmd160_f(j, B1, C1, D1));
-                     T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r1[j]]);
-                     T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K1(j));
-                     T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s1[j]), E1);
-                     A1 = E1;
-                     E1 = D1;
-                     D1 = bit_rol(C1, 10);
-                     C1 = B1;
-                     B1 = T;
-                     T = safe_add(A2, rmd160_f(79 - j, B2, C2, D2));
-                     T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r2[j]]);
-                     T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K2(j));
-                     T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s2[j]), E2);
-                     A2 = E2;
-                     E2 = D2;
-                     D2 = bit_rol(C2, 10);
-                     C2 = B2;
-                     B2 = T;
-                   }
+         function start(d3_event, entity) {
+           _wasMidpoint = entity.type === 'midpoint';
+           var hasHidden = context.features().hasHiddenConnections(entity, context.graph());
+           _isCancelled = !context.editable() || d3_event.shiftKey || hasHidden;
 
-                   T = safe_add(h1, safe_add(C1, D2));
-                   h1 = safe_add(h2, safe_add(D1, E2));
-                   h2 = safe_add(h3, safe_add(E1, A2));
-                   h3 = safe_add(h4, safe_add(A1, B2));
-                   h4 = safe_add(h0, safe_add(B1, C2));
-                   h0 = T;
-                 }
+           if (_isCancelled) {
+             if (hasHidden) {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('modes.drag_node.connected_to_hidden'))();
+             }
 
-                 return [h0, h1, h2, h3, h4];
-               } // specific algorithm methods
+             return drag.cancel();
+           }
 
+           if (_wasMidpoint) {
+             var midpoint = entity;
+             entity = osmNode();
+             context.perform(actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, entity));
+             entity = context.entity(entity.id); // get post-action entity
 
-               function rmd160_f(j, x, y, z) {
-                 return 0 <= j && j <= 15 ? x ^ y ^ z : 16 <= j && j <= 31 ? x & y | ~x & z : 32 <= j && j <= 47 ? (x | ~y) ^ z : 48 <= j && j <= 63 ? x & z | y & ~z : 64 <= j && j <= 79 ? x ^ (y | ~z) : 'rmd160_f: j out of range';
-               }
+             var vertex = context.surface().selectAll('.' + entity.id);
+             drag.targetNode(vertex.node()).targetEntity(entity);
+           } else {
+             context.perform(actionNoop());
+           }
 
-               function rmd160_K1(j) {
-                 return 0 <= j && j <= 15 ? 0x00000000 : 16 <= j && j <= 31 ? 0x5a827999 : 32 <= j && j <= 47 ? 0x6ed9eba1 : 48 <= j && j <= 63 ? 0x8f1bbcdc : 64 <= j && j <= 79 ? 0xa953fd4e : 'rmd160_K1: j out of range';
-               }
+           _activeEntity = entity;
+           _startLoc = entity.loc;
+           hover.ignoreVertex(entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex');
+           context.surface().selectAll('.' + _activeEntity.id).classed('active', true);
+           context.enter(mode);
+         } // related code
+         // - `behavior/draw.js` `datum()`
 
-               function rmd160_K2(j) {
-                 return 0 <= j && j <= 15 ? 0x50a28be6 : 16 <= j && j <= 31 ? 0x5c4dd124 : 32 <= j && j <= 47 ? 0x6d703ef3 : 48 <= j && j <= 63 ? 0x7a6d76e9 : 64 <= j && j <= 79 ? 0x00000000 : 'rmd160_K2: j out of range';
-               }
-             }
-           }; // exposes Hashes
 
-           (function (window, undefined$1) {
-             var freeExports = false;
+         function datum(d3_event) {
+           if (!d3_event || d3_event.altKey) {
+             return {};
+           } else {
+             // When dragging, snap only to touch targets..
+             // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
+             var d = d3_event.target.__data__;
+             return d && d.properties && d.properties.target ? d : {};
+           }
+         }
 
-             {
-               freeExports = exports;
+         function doMove(d3_event, entity, nudge) {
+           nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
+           var currPoint = d3_event && d3_event.point || context.projection(_lastLoc);
+           var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
+           var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);
+           var target, edge;
 
-               if (exports && _typeof(commonjsGlobal) === 'object' && commonjsGlobal && commonjsGlobal === commonjsGlobal.global) {
-                 window = commonjsGlobal;
+           if (!_nudgeInterval) {
+             // If not nudging at the edge of the viewport, try to snap..
+             // related code
+             // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
+             // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
+             // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
+             var d = datum(d3_event);
+             target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;
+             var targetLoc = target && target.loc;
+             var targetNodes = d && d.properties && d.properties.nodes;
+
+             if (targetLoc) {
+               // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
+               if (shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
+                 loc = targetLoc;
                }
-             }
+             } else if (targetNodes) {
+               // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
+               edge = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, end.id);
 
-             if (typeof undefined$1 === 'function' && _typeof(undefined$1.amd) === 'object' && undefined$1.amd) {
-               // define as an anonymous module, so, through path mapping, it can be aliased
-               undefined$1(function () {
-                 return Hashes;
-               });
-             } else if (freeExports) {
-               // in Node.js or RingoJS v0.8.0+
-               if ( module && module.exports === freeExports) {
-                 module.exports = Hashes;
-               } // in Narwhal or RingoJS v0.7.0-
-               else {
-                   freeExports.Hashes = Hashes;
-                 }
-             } else {
-               // in a browser or Rhino
-               window.Hashes = Hashes;
+               if (edge) {
+                 loc = edge.loc;
+               }
              }
-           })(this);
-         })(); // IIFE
+           }
 
-       });
+           context.replace(actionMoveNode(entity.id, loc)); // Below here: validations
 
-       var immutable = extend$2;
-       var hasOwnProperty$2 = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
+           var isInvalid = false; // Check if this connection to `target` could cause relations to break..
 
-       function extend$2() {
-         var target = {};
+           if (target) {
+             isInvalid = hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, context.graph());
+           } // Check if this drag causes the geometry to break..
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-           var source = arguments[i];
 
-           for (var key in source) {
-             if (hasOwnProperty$2.call(source, key)) {
-               target[key] = source[key];
-             }
+           if (!isInvalid) {
+             isInvalid = hasInvalidGeometry(entity, context.graph());
            }
-         }
-
-         return target;
-       }
 
-       var sha1 = new hashes.SHA1();
-       var ohauth = {};
-
-       ohauth.qsString = function (obj) {
-         return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function (key) {
-           return ohauth.percentEncode(key) + '=' + ohauth.percentEncode(obj[key]);
-         }).join('&');
-       };
+           var nope = context.surface().classed('nope');
 
-       ohauth.stringQs = function (str) {
-         return str.split('&').filter(function (pair) {
-           return pair !== '';
-         }).reduce(function (obj, pair) {
-           var parts = pair.split('=');
-           obj[decodeURIComponent(parts[0])] = null === parts[1] ? '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
-           return obj;
-         }, {});
-       };
+           if (isInvalid === 'relation' || isInvalid === 'restriction') {
+             if (!nope) {
+               // about to nope - show hint
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('operations.connect.' + isInvalid, {
+                 relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/restriction').name()
+               }))();
+             }
+           } else if (isInvalid) {
+             var errorID = isInvalid === 'line' ? 'lines' : 'areas';
+             context.ui().flash.duration(3000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('self_intersection.error.' + errorID))();
+           } else {
+             if (nope) {
+               // about to un-nope, remove hint
+               context.ui().flash.duration(1).label('')();
+             }
+           }
 
-       ohauth.rawxhr = function (method, url, data, headers, callback) {
-         var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(),
-             twoHundred = /^20\d$/;
+           var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
 
-         xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
-           if (4 === xhr.readyState && 0 !== xhr.status) {
-             if (twoHundred.test(xhr.status)) callback(null, xhr);else return callback(xhr, null);
+           if (nopeDisabled) {
+             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
+           } else {
+             context.surface().classed('nope', isInvalid).classed('nope-suppressed', false);
            }
-         };
 
-         xhr.onerror = function (e) {
-           return callback(e, null);
-         };
+           _lastLoc = loc;
+         } // Uses `actionConnect.disabled()` to know whether this connection is ok..
 
-         xhr.open(method, url, true);
 
-         for (var h in headers) {
-           xhr.setRequestHeader(h, headers[h]);
-         }
+         function hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, graph) {
+           var testGraph = graph.update(); // copy
+           // if snapping to way - add midpoint there and consider that the target..
 
-         xhr.send(data);
-         return xhr;
-       };
+           if (edge) {
+             var midpoint = osmNode();
+             var action = actionAddMidpoint({
+               loc: edge.loc,
+               edge: [target.nodes[edge.index - 1], target.nodes[edge.index]]
+             }, midpoint);
+             testGraph = action(testGraph);
+             target = midpoint;
+           } // can we connect to it?
 
-       ohauth.xhr = function (method, url, auth, data, options, callback) {
-         var headers = options && options.header || {
-           'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
-         };
-         headers.Authorization = 'OAuth ' + ohauth.authHeader(auth);
-         return ohauth.rawxhr(method, url, data, headers, callback);
-       };
 
-       ohauth.nonce = function () {
-         for (var o = ''; o.length < 6;) {
-           o += '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXTZabcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxyz'[Math.floor(Math.random() * 61)];
+           var ids = [entity.id, target.id];
+           return actionConnect(ids).disabled(testGraph);
          }
 
-         return o;
-       };
-
-       ohauth.authHeader = function (obj) {
-         return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function (key) {
-           return encodeURIComponent(key) + '="' + encodeURIComponent(obj[key]) + '"';
-         }).join(', ');
-       };
+         function hasInvalidGeometry(entity, graph) {
+           var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
+           var i, j, k;
 
-       ohauth.timestamp = function () {
-         return ~~(+new Date() / 1000);
-       };
+           for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+             var parent = parents[i];
+             var nodes = [];
+             var activeIndex = null; // which multipolygon ring contains node being dragged
+             // test any parent multipolygons for valid geometry
 
-       ohauth.percentEncode = function (s) {
-         return encodeURIComponent(s).replace(/\!/g, '%21').replace(/\'/g, '%27').replace(/\*/g, '%2A').replace(/\(/g, '%28').replace(/\)/g, '%29');
-       };
+             var relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);
 
-       ohauth.baseString = function (method, url, params) {
-         if (params.oauth_signature) delete params.oauth_signature;
-         return [method, ohauth.percentEncode(url), ohauth.percentEncode(ohauth.qsString(params))].join('&');
-       };
+             for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
+               if (!relations[j].isMultipolygon()) continue;
+               var rings = osmJoinWays(relations[j].members, graph); // find active ring and test it for self intersections
 
-       ohauth.signature = function (oauth_secret, token_secret, baseString) {
-         return sha1.b64_hmac(ohauth.percentEncode(oauth_secret) + '&' + ohauth.percentEncode(token_secret), baseString);
-       };
-       /**
-        * Takes an options object for configuration (consumer_key,
-        * consumer_secret, version, signature_method, token, token_secret)
-        * and returns a function that generates the Authorization header
-        * for given data.
-        *
-        * The returned function takes these parameters:
-        * - method: GET/POST/...
-        * - uri: full URI with protocol, port, path and query string
-        * - extra_params: any extra parameters (that are passed in the POST data),
-        *   can be an object or a from-urlencoded string.
-        *
-        * Returned function returns full OAuth header with "OAuth" string in it.
-        */
+               for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
+                 nodes = rings[k].nodes;
 
+                 if (nodes.find(function (n) {
+                   return n.id === entity.id;
+                 })) {
+                   activeIndex = k;
 
-       ohauth.headerGenerator = function (options) {
-         options = options || {};
-         var consumer_key = options.consumer_key || '',
-             consumer_secret = options.consumer_secret || '',
-             signature_method = options.signature_method || 'HMAC-SHA1',
-             version = options.version || '1.0',
-             token = options.token || '',
-             token_secret = options.token_secret || '';
-         return function (method, uri, extra_params) {
-           method = method.toUpperCase();
+                   if (geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
+                     return 'multipolygonMember';
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           if (typeof extra_params === 'string' && extra_params.length > 0) {
-             extra_params = ohauth.stringQs(extra_params);
-           }
+                 rings[k].coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+                   return n.loc;
+                 });
+               } // test active ring for intersections with other rings in the multipolygon
 
-           var uri_parts = uri.split('?', 2),
-               base_uri = uri_parts[0];
-           var query_params = uri_parts.length === 2 ? ohauth.stringQs(uri_parts[1]) : {};
-           var oauth_params = {
-             oauth_consumer_key: consumer_key,
-             oauth_signature_method: signature_method,
-             oauth_version: version,
-             oauth_timestamp: ohauth.timestamp(),
-             oauth_nonce: ohauth.nonce()
-           };
-           if (token) oauth_params.oauth_token = token;
-           var all_params = immutable({}, oauth_params, query_params, extra_params),
-               base_str = ohauth.baseString(method, base_uri, all_params);
-           oauth_params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(consumer_secret, token_secret, base_str);
-           return 'OAuth ' + ohauth.authHeader(oauth_params);
-         };
-       };
 
-       var ohauth_1 = ohauth;
+               for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
+                 if (k === activeIndex) continue; // make sure active ring doesn't cross passive rings
 
-       var resolveUrl$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-         // Copyright 2014 Simon Lydell
-         // X11 (“MIT”) Licensed. (See LICENSE.)
-         void function (root, factory) {
-           {
-             module.exports = factory();
-           }
-         }(commonjsGlobal, function () {
-           function resolveUrl()
-           /* ...urls */
-           {
-             var numUrls = arguments.length;
+                 if (geoHasLineIntersections(rings[activeIndex].nodes, rings[k].nodes, entity.id)) {
+                   return 'multipolygonRing';
+                 }
+               }
+             } // If we still haven't tested this node's parent way for self-intersections.
+             // (because it's not a member of a multipolygon), test it now.
 
-             if (numUrls === 0) {
-               throw new Error("resolveUrl requires at least one argument; got none.");
-             }
 
-             var base = document.createElement("base");
-             base.href = arguments[0];
+             if (activeIndex === null) {
+               nodes = parent.nodes.map(function (nodeID) {
+                 return graph.entity(nodeID);
+               });
 
-             if (numUrls === 1) {
-               return base.href;
+               if (nodes.length && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
+                 return parent.geometry(graph);
+               }
              }
+           }
 
-             var head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
-             head.insertBefore(base, head.firstChild);
-             var a = document.createElement("a");
-             var resolved;
+           return false;
+         }
 
-             for (var index = 1; index < numUrls; index++) {
-               a.href = arguments[index];
-               resolved = a.href;
-               base.href = resolved;
-             }
+         function move(d3_event, entity, point) {
+           if (_isCancelled) return;
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', d3_event.altKey);
+           _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(point);
+           doMove(d3_event, entity);
+           var nudge = geoViewportEdge(point, context.map().dimensions());
 
-             head.removeChild(base);
-             return resolved;
+           if (nudge) {
+             startNudge(d3_event, entity, nudge);
+           } else {
+             stopNudge();
            }
+         }
 
-           return resolveUrl;
-         });
-       });
+         function end(d3_event, entity) {
+           if (_isCancelled) return;
+           var wasPoint = entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'point';
+           var d = datum(d3_event);
+           var nope = d && d.properties && d.properties.nope || context.surface().classed('nope');
+           var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity; // entity to snap to
 
-       var assign = make_assign();
-       var create$1 = make_create();
-       var trim$3 = make_trim();
-       var Global = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : commonjsGlobal;
-       var util = {
-         assign: assign,
-         create: create$1,
-         trim: trim$3,
-         bind: bind$1,
-         slice: slice$2,
-         each: each,
-         map: map$1,
-         pluck: pluck,
-         isList: isList,
-         isFunction: isFunction,
-         isObject: isObject$2,
-         Global: Global
-       };
+           if (nope) {
+             // bounce back
+             context.perform(_actionBounceBack(entity.id, _startLoc));
+           } else if (target && target.type === 'way') {
+             var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(target), context.map().mouse(), context.projection, entity.id);
+             context.replace(actionAddMidpoint({
+               loc: choice.loc,
+               edge: [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]]
+             }, entity), connectAnnotation(entity, target));
+           } else if (target && target.type === 'node' && shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
+             context.replace(actionConnect([target.id, entity.id]), connectAnnotation(entity, target));
+           } else if (_wasMidpoint) {
+             context.replace(actionNoop(), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
+           } else {
+             context.replace(actionNoop(), moveAnnotation(entity));
+           }
 
-       function make_assign() {
-         if (Object.assign) {
-           return Object.assign;
-         } else {
-           return function shimAssign(obj, props1, props2, etc) {
-             for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-               each(Object(arguments[i]), function (val, key) {
-                 obj[key] = val;
-               });
-             }
+           if (wasPoint) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));
+           } else {
+             var reselection = _restoreSelectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+               return context.graph().hasEntity(id);
+             });
 
-             return obj;
-           };
+             if (reselection.length) {
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, reselection));
+             } else {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           }
          }
-       }
-
-       function make_create() {
-         if (Object.create) {
-           return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
-             var assignArgsList = slice$2(arguments, 1);
-             return assign.apply(this, [Object.create(obj)].concat(assignArgsList));
-           };
-         } else {
-           var F = function F() {}; // eslint-disable-line no-inner-declarations
 
+         function _actionBounceBack(nodeID, toLoc) {
+           var moveNode = actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc);
 
-           return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
-             var assignArgsList = slice$2(arguments, 1);
-             F.prototype = obj;
-             return assign.apply(this, [new F()].concat(assignArgsList));
+           var action = function action(graph, t) {
+             // last time through, pop off the bounceback perform.
+             // it will then overwrite the initial perform with a moveNode that does nothing
+             if (t === 1) context.pop();
+             return moveNode(graph, t);
            };
+
+           action.transitionable = true;
+           return action;
          }
-       }
 
-       function make_trim() {
-         if (String.prototype.trim) {
-           return function trim(str) {
-             return String.prototype.trim.call(str);
-           };
-         } else {
-           return function trim(str) {
-             return str.replace(/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g, '');
-           };
+         function cancel() {
+           drag.cancel();
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
          }
-       }
 
-       function bind$1(obj, fn) {
-         return function () {
-           return fn.apply(obj, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0));
+         var drag = behaviorDrag().selector('.layer-touch.points .target').surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node()).origin(origin).on('start', start).on('move', move).on('end', end);
+
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(hover);
+           context.install(edit);
+           select(window).on('keydown.dragNode', keydown).on('keyup.dragNode', keyup);
+           context.history().on('undone.drag-node', cancel);
          };
-       }
 
-       function slice$2(arr, index) {
-         return Array.prototype.slice.call(arr, index || 0);
-       }
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
+           context.uninstall(hover);
+           context.uninstall(edit);
+           select(window).on('keydown.dragNode', null).on('keyup.dragNode', null);
+           context.history().on('undone.drag-node', null);
+           _activeEntity = null;
+           context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false).selectAll('.active').classed('active', false);
+           stopNudge();
+         };
 
-       function each(obj, fn) {
-         pluck(obj, function (val, key) {
-           fn(val, key);
-           return false;
-         });
-       }
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _activeEntity ? [_activeEntity.id] : []; // no assign
 
-       function map$1(obj, fn) {
-         var res = isList(obj) ? [] : {};
-         pluck(obj, function (v, k) {
-           res[k] = fn(v, k);
-           return false;
-         });
-         return res;
-       }
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-       function pluck(obj, fn) {
-         if (isList(obj)) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {
-             if (fn(obj[i], i)) {
-               return obj[i];
-             }
-           }
-         } else {
-           for (var key in obj) {
-             if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
-               if (fn(obj[key], key)) {
-                 return obj[key];
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       }
+         mode.activeID = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _activeEntity && _activeEntity.id; // no assign
 
-       function isList(val) {
-         return val != null && typeof val != 'function' && typeof val.length == 'number';
-       }
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-       function isFunction(val) {
-         return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Function]';
-       }
+         mode.restoreSelectedIDs = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _restoreSelectedIDs;
+           _restoreSelectedIDs = _;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-       function isObject$2(val) {
-         return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Object]';
+         mode.behavior = drag;
+         return mode;
        }
 
-       var slice$3 = util.slice;
-       var pluck$1 = util.pluck;
-       var each$1 = util.each;
-       var bind$2 = util.bind;
-       var create$2 = util.create;
-       var isList$1 = util.isList;
-       var isFunction$1 = util.isFunction;
-       var isObject$3 = util.isObject;
-       var storeEngine = {
-         createStore: _createStore
-       };
-       var storeAPI = {
-         version: '2.0.12',
-         enabled: false,
-         // get returns the value of the given key. If that value
-         // is undefined, it returns optionalDefaultValue instead.
-         get: function get(key, optionalDefaultValue) {
-           var data = this.storage.read(this._namespacePrefix + key);
-           return this._deserialize(data, optionalDefaultValue);
-         },
-         // set will store the given value at key and returns value.
-         // Calling set with value === undefined is equivalent to calling remove.
-         set: function set(key, value) {
-           if (value === undefined) {
-             return this.remove(key);
-           }
+       var $$4 = _export;
+       var NativePromise = nativePromiseConstructor;
+       var fails$1 = fails$N;
+       var getBuiltIn = getBuiltIn$9;
+       var speciesConstructor = speciesConstructor$8;
+       var promiseResolve = promiseResolve$2;
+       var redefine = redefine$g.exports;
 
-           this.storage.write(this._namespacePrefix + key, this._serialize(value));
-           return value;
-         },
-         // remove deletes the key and value stored at the given key.
-         remove: function remove(key) {
-           this.storage.remove(this._namespacePrefix + key);
-         },
-         // each will call the given callback once for each key-value pair
-         // in this store.
-         each: function each(callback) {
-           var self = this;
-           this.storage.each(function (val, namespacedKey) {
-             callback.call(self, self._deserialize(val), (namespacedKey || '').replace(self._namespaceRegexp, ''));
-           });
-         },
-         // clearAll will remove all the stored key-value pairs in this store.
-         clearAll: function clearAll() {
-           this.storage.clearAll();
-         },
-         // additional functionality that can't live in plugins
-         // ---------------------------------------------------
-         // hasNamespace returns true if this store instance has the given namespace.
-         hasNamespace: function hasNamespace(namespace) {
-           return this._namespacePrefix == '__storejs_' + namespace + '_';
-         },
-         // createStore creates a store.js instance with the first
-         // functioning storage in the list of storage candidates,
-         // and applies the the given mixins to the instance.
-         createStore: function createStore() {
-           return _createStore.apply(this, arguments);
-         },
-         addPlugin: function addPlugin(plugin) {
-           this._addPlugin(plugin);
-         },
-         namespace: function namespace(_namespace) {
-           return _createStore(this.storage, this.plugins, _namespace);
-         }
-       };
+       // Safari bug https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200829
+       var NON_GENERIC = !!NativePromise && fails$1(function () {
+         NativePromise.prototype['finally'].call({ then: function () { /* empty */ } }, function () { /* empty */ });
+       });
 
-       function _warn() {
-         var _console = typeof console == 'undefined' ? null : console;
+       // `Promise.prototype.finally` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.prototype.finally
+       $$4({ target: 'Promise', proto: true, real: true, forced: NON_GENERIC }, {
+         'finally': function (onFinally) {
+           var C = speciesConstructor(this, getBuiltIn('Promise'));
+           var isFunction = typeof onFinally == 'function';
+           return this.then(
+             isFunction ? function (x) {
+               return promiseResolve(C, onFinally()).then(function () { return x; });
+             } : onFinally,
+             isFunction ? function (e) {
+               return promiseResolve(C, onFinally()).then(function () { throw e; });
+             } : onFinally
+           );
+         }
+       });
 
-         if (!_console) {
-           return;
+       // makes sure that native promise-based APIs `Promise#finally` properly works with patched `Promise#then`
+       if (typeof NativePromise == 'function') {
+         var method = getBuiltIn('Promise').prototype['finally'];
+         if (NativePromise.prototype['finally'] !== method) {
+           redefine(NativePromise.prototype, 'finally', method, { unsafe: true });
          }
+       }
 
-         var fn = _console.warn ? _console.warn : _console.log;
-         fn.apply(_console, arguments);
+       function quickselect(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
+         quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || arr.length - 1, compare || defaultCompare);
        }
 
-       function _createStore(storages, plugins, namespace) {
-         if (!namespace) {
-           namespace = '';
-         }
+       function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
+         while (right > left) {
+           if (right - left > 600) {
+             var n = right - left + 1;
+             var m = k - left + 1;
+             var z = Math.log(n);
+             var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
+             var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
+             var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
+             var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
+             quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
+           }
 
-         if (storages && !isList$1(storages)) {
-           storages = [storages];
-         }
+           var t = arr[k];
+           var i = left;
+           var j = right;
+           swap(arr, left, k);
+           if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) swap(arr, left, right);
 
-         if (plugins && !isList$1(plugins)) {
-           plugins = [plugins];
-         }
+           while (i < j) {
+             swap(arr, i, j);
+             i++;
+             j--;
 
-         var namespacePrefix = namespace ? '__storejs_' + namespace + '_' : '';
-         var namespaceRegexp = namespace ? new RegExp('^' + namespacePrefix) : null;
-         var legalNamespaces = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-]*$/; // alpha-numeric + underscore and dash
+             while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) {
+               i++;
+             }
 
-         if (!legalNamespaces.test(namespace)) {
-           throw new Error('store.js namespaces can only have alphanumerics + underscores and dashes');
+             while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) {
+               j--;
+             }
+           }
+
+           if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) swap(arr, left, j);else {
+             j++;
+             swap(arr, j, right);
+           }
+           if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
+           if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
          }
+       }
 
-         var _privateStoreProps = {
-           _namespacePrefix: namespacePrefix,
-           _namespaceRegexp: namespaceRegexp,
-           _testStorage: function _testStorage(storage) {
-             try {
-               var testStr = '__storejs__test__';
-               storage.write(testStr, testStr);
-               var ok = storage.read(testStr) === testStr;
-               storage.remove(testStr);
-               return ok;
-             } catch (e) {
-               return false;
-             }
-           },
-           _assignPluginFnProp: function _assignPluginFnProp(pluginFnProp, propName) {
-             var oldFn = this[propName];
+       function swap(arr, i, j) {
+         var tmp = arr[i];
+         arr[i] = arr[j];
+         arr[j] = tmp;
+       }
 
-             this[propName] = function pluginFn() {
-               var args = slice$3(arguments, 0);
-               var self = this; // super_fn calls the old function which was overwritten by
-               // this mixin.
+       function defaultCompare(a, b) {
+         return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
+       }
 
-               function super_fn() {
-                 if (!oldFn) {
-                   return;
-                 }
+       var RBush = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function RBush() {
+           var maxEntries = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : 9;
 
-                 each$1(arguments, function (arg, i) {
-                   args[i] = arg;
-                 });
-                 return oldFn.apply(self, args);
-               } // Give mixing function access to super_fn by prefixing all mixin function
-               // arguments with super_fn.
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, RBush);
 
+           // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
+           this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries);
+           this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));
+           this.clear();
+         }
 
-               var newFnArgs = [super_fn].concat(args);
-               return pluginFnProp.apply(self, newFnArgs);
-             };
-           },
-           _serialize: function _serialize(obj) {
-             return JSON.stringify(obj);
-           },
-           _deserialize: function _deserialize(strVal, defaultVal) {
-             if (!strVal) {
-               return defaultVal;
-             } // It is possible that a raw string value has been previously stored
-             // in a storage without using store.js, meaning it will be a raw
-             // string value instead of a JSON serialized string. By defaulting
-             // to the raw string value in case of a JSON parse error, we allow
-             // for past stored values to be forwards-compatible with store.js
+         _createClass$1(RBush, [{
+           key: "all",
+           value: function all() {
+             return this._all(this.data, []);
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "search",
+           value: function search(bbox) {
+             var node = this.data;
+             var result = [];
+             if (!intersects(bbox, node)) return result;
+             var toBBox = this.toBBox;
+             var nodesToSearch = [];
 
+             while (node) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
+                 var child = node.children[i];
+                 var childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
 
-             var val = '';
+                 if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
+                   if (node.leaf) result.push(child);else if (contains(bbox, childBBox)) this._all(child, result);else nodesToSearch.push(child);
+                 }
+               }
 
-             try {
-               val = JSON.parse(strVal);
-             } catch (e) {
-               val = strVal;
+               node = nodesToSearch.pop();
              }
 
-             return val !== undefined ? val : defaultVal;
-           },
-           _addStorage: function _addStorage(storage) {
-             if (this.enabled) {
-               return;
-             }
+             return result;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "collides",
+           value: function collides(bbox) {
+             var node = this.data;
+             if (!intersects(bbox, node)) return false;
+             var nodesToSearch = [];
+
+             while (node) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
+                 var child = node.children[i];
+                 var childBBox = node.leaf ? this.toBBox(child) : child;
+
+                 if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
+                   if (node.leaf || contains(bbox, childBBox)) return true;
+                   nodesToSearch.push(child);
+                 }
+               }
 
-             if (this._testStorage(storage)) {
-               this.storage = storage;
-               this.enabled = true;
+               node = nodesToSearch.pop();
              }
-           },
-           _addPlugin: function _addPlugin(plugin) {
-             var self = this; // If the plugin is an array, then add all plugins in the array.
-             // This allows for a plugin to depend on other plugins.
 
-             if (isList$1(plugin)) {
-               each$1(plugin, function (plugin) {
-                 self._addPlugin(plugin);
-               });
-               return;
-             } // Keep track of all plugins we've seen so far, so that we
-             // don't add any of them twice.
+             return false;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "load",
+           value: function load(data) {
+             if (!(data && data.length)) return this;
 
+             if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+                 this.insert(data[i]);
+               }
 
-             var seenPlugin = pluck$1(this.plugins, function (seenPlugin) {
-               return plugin === seenPlugin;
-             });
+               return this;
+             } // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
 
-             if (seenPlugin) {
-               return;
-             }
 
-             this.plugins.push(plugin); // Check that the plugin is properly formed
+             var node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);
 
-             if (!isFunction$1(plugin)) {
-               throw new Error('Plugins must be function values that return objects');
-             }
+             if (!this.data.children.length) {
+               // save as is if tree is empty
+               this.data = node;
+             } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
+               // split root if trees have the same height
+               this._splitRoot(this.data, node);
+             } else {
+               if (this.data.height < node.height) {
+                 // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
+                 var tmpNode = this.data;
+                 this.data = node;
+                 node = tmpNode;
+               } // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
 
-             var pluginProperties = plugin.call(this);
 
-             if (!isObject$3(pluginProperties)) {
-               throw new Error('Plugins must return an object of function properties');
-             } // Add the plugin function properties to this store instance.
+               this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
+             }
 
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "insert",
+           value: function insert(item) {
+             if (item) this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1);
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "clear",
+           value: function clear() {
+             this.data = createNode([]);
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "remove",
+           value: function remove(item, equalsFn) {
+             if (!item) return this;
+             var node = this.data;
+             var bbox = this.toBBox(item);
+             var path = [];
+             var indexes = [];
+             var i, parent, goingUp; // depth-first iterative tree traversal
 
-             each$1(pluginProperties, function (pluginFnProp, propName) {
-               if (!isFunction$1(pluginFnProp)) {
-                 throw new Error('Bad plugin property: ' + propName + ' from plugin ' + plugin.name + '. Plugins should only return functions.');
+             while (node || path.length) {
+               if (!node) {
+                 // go up
+                 node = path.pop();
+                 parent = path[path.length - 1];
+                 i = indexes.pop();
+                 goingUp = true;
                }
 
-               self._assignPluginFnProp(pluginFnProp, propName);
-             });
-           },
-           // Put deprecated properties in the private API, so as to not expose it to accidential
-           // discovery through inspection of the store object.
-           // Deprecated: addStorage
-           addStorage: function addStorage(storage) {
-             _warn('store.addStorage(storage) is deprecated. Use createStore([storages])');
+               if (node.leaf) {
+                 // check current node
+                 var index = findItem(item, node.children, equalsFn);
 
-             this._addStorage(storage);
-           }
-         };
-         var store = create$2(_privateStoreProps, storeAPI, {
-           plugins: []
-         });
-         store.raw = {};
-         each$1(store, function (prop, propName) {
-           if (isFunction$1(prop)) {
-             store.raw[propName] = bind$2(store, prop);
-           }
-         });
-         each$1(storages, function (storage) {
-           store._addStorage(storage);
-         });
-         each$1(plugins, function (plugin) {
-           store._addPlugin(plugin);
-         });
-         return store;
-       }
+                 if (index !== -1) {
+                   // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
+                   node.children.splice(index, 1);
+                   path.push(node);
 
-       var Global$1 = util.Global;
-       var localStorage_1 = {
-         name: 'localStorage',
-         read: read,
-         write: write,
-         each: each$2,
-         remove: remove$2,
-         clearAll: clearAll
-       };
+                   this._condense(path);
 
-       function localStorage$1() {
-         return Global$1.localStorage;
-       }
+                   return this;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function read(key) {
-         return localStorage$1().getItem(key);
-       }
+               if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains(node, bbox)) {
+                 // go down
+                 path.push(node);
+                 indexes.push(i);
+                 i = 0;
+                 parent = node;
+                 node = node.children[0];
+               } else if (parent) {
+                 // go right
+                 i++;
+                 node = parent.children[i];
+                 goingUp = false;
+               } else node = null; // nothing found
 
-       function write(key, data) {
-         return localStorage$1().setItem(key, data);
-       }
+             }
 
-       function each$2(fn) {
-         for (var i = localStorage$1().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-           var key = localStorage$1().key(i);
-           fn(read(key), key);
-         }
-       }
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "toBBox",
+           value: function toBBox(item) {
+             return item;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "compareMinX",
+           value: function compareMinX(a, b) {
+             return a.minX - b.minX;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "compareMinY",
+           value: function compareMinY(a, b) {
+             return a.minY - b.minY;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "toJSON",
+           value: function toJSON() {
+             return this.data;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "fromJSON",
+           value: function fromJSON(data) {
+             this.data = data;
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_all",
+           value: function _all(node, result) {
+             var nodesToSearch = [];
 
-       function remove$2(key) {
-         return localStorage$1().removeItem(key);
-       }
+             while (node) {
+               if (node.leaf) result.push.apply(result, _toConsumableArray(node.children));else nodesToSearch.push.apply(nodesToSearch, _toConsumableArray(node.children));
+               node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+             }
 
-       function clearAll() {
-         return localStorage$1().clear();
-       }
+             return result;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_build",
+           value: function _build(items, left, right, height) {
+             var N = right - left + 1;
+             var M = this._maxEntries;
+             var node;
 
-       // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, etc
-       // is available.
+             if (N <= M) {
+               // reached leaf level; return leaf
+               node = createNode(items.slice(left, right + 1));
+               calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
+               return node;
+             }
 
-       var Global$2 = util.Global;
-       var oldFFGlobalStorage = {
-         name: 'oldFF-globalStorage',
-         read: read$1,
-         write: write$1,
-         each: each$3,
-         remove: remove$3,
-         clearAll: clearAll$1
-       };
-       var globalStorage = Global$2.globalStorage;
+             if (!height) {
+               // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
+               height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M)); // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
 
-       function read$1(key) {
-         return globalStorage[key];
-       }
+               M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
+             }
 
-       function write$1(key, data) {
-         globalStorage[key] = data;
-       }
+             node = createNode([]);
+             node.leaf = false;
+             node.height = height; // split the items into M mostly square tiles
 
-       function each$3(fn) {
-         for (var i = globalStorage.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-           var key = globalStorage.key(i);
-           fn(globalStorage[key], key);
-         }
-       }
+             var N2 = Math.ceil(N / M);
+             var N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M));
+             multiSelect(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);
 
-       function remove$3(key) {
-         return globalStorage.removeItem(key);
-       }
+             for (var i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {
+               var right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);
+               multiSelect(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);
 
-       function clearAll$1() {
-         each$3(function (key, _) {
-           delete globalStorage[key];
-         });
-       }
+               for (var j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {
+                 var right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2); // pack each entry recursively
 
-       // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, sessionStorage, etc
-       // is available.
+                 node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
+               }
+             }
 
-       var Global$3 = util.Global;
-       var oldIEUserDataStorage = {
-         name: 'oldIE-userDataStorage',
-         write: write$2,
-         read: read$2,
-         each: each$4,
-         remove: remove$4,
-         clearAll: clearAll$2
-       };
-       var storageName = 'storejs';
-       var doc = Global$3.document;
+             calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
+             return node;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_chooseSubtree",
+           value: function _chooseSubtree(bbox, node, level, path) {
+             while (true) {
+               path.push(node);
+               if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) break;
+               var minArea = Infinity;
+               var minEnlargement = Infinity;
+               var targetNode = void 0;
 
-       var _withStorageEl = _makeIEStorageElFunction();
+               for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
+                 var child = node.children[i];
+                 var area = bboxArea(child);
+                 var enlargement = enlargedArea(bbox, child) - area; // choose entry with the least area enlargement
 
-       var disable = (Global$3.navigator ? Global$3.navigator.userAgent : '').match(/ (MSIE 8|MSIE 9|MSIE 10)\./); // MSIE 9.x, MSIE 10.x
+                 if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
+                   minEnlargement = enlargement;
+                   minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+                   targetNode = child;
+                 } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
+                   // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
+                   if (area < minArea) {
+                     minArea = area;
+                     targetNode = child;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function write$2(unfixedKey, data) {
-         if (disable) {
-           return;
-         }
+               node = targetNode || node.children[0];
+             }
 
-         var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
+             return node;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_insert",
+           value: function _insert(item, level, isNode) {
+             var bbox = isNode ? item : this.toBBox(item);
+             var insertPath = []; // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
 
-         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
-           storageEl.setAttribute(fixedKey, data);
-           storageEl.save(storageName);
-         });
-       }
+             var node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath); // put the item into the node
 
-       function read$2(unfixedKey) {
-         if (disable) {
-           return;
-         }
 
-         var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
-         var res = null;
+             node.children.push(item);
+             extend$1(node, bbox); // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
 
-         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
-           res = storageEl.getAttribute(fixedKey);
-         });
+             while (level >= 0) {
+               if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
+                 this._split(insertPath, level);
 
-         return res;
-       }
+                 level--;
+               } else break;
+             } // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
 
-       function each$4(callback) {
-         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
-           var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
 
-           for (var i = attributes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-             var attr = attributes[i];
-             callback(storageEl.getAttribute(attr.name), attr.name);
-           }
-         });
-       }
+             this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
+           } // split overflowed node into two
 
-       function remove$4(unfixedKey) {
-         var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
+         }, {
+           key: "_split",
+           value: function _split(insertPath, level) {
+             var node = insertPath[level];
+             var M = node.children.length;
+             var m = this._minEntries;
 
-         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
-           storageEl.removeAttribute(fixedKey);
-           storageEl.save(storageName);
-         });
-       }
+             this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);
 
-       function clearAll$2() {
-         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
-           var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
-           storageEl.load(storageName);
+             var splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);
 
-           for (var i = attributes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-             storageEl.removeAttribute(attributes[i].name);
+             var newNode = createNode(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
+             newNode.height = node.height;
+             newNode.leaf = node.leaf;
+             calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
+             calcBBox(newNode, this.toBBox);
+             if (level) insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode);else this._splitRoot(node, newNode);
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_splitRoot",
+           value: function _splitRoot(node, newNode) {
+             // split root node
+             this.data = createNode([node, newNode]);
+             this.data.height = node.height + 1;
+             this.data.leaf = false;
+             calcBBox(this.data, this.toBBox);
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "_chooseSplitIndex",
+           value: function _chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M) {
+             var index;
+             var minOverlap = Infinity;
+             var minArea = Infinity;
 
-           storageEl.save(storageName);
-         });
-       } // Helpers
-       //////////
-       // In IE7, keys cannot start with a digit or contain certain chars.
-       // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/40
-       // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/83
+             for (var i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
+               var bbox1 = distBBox(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
+               var bbox2 = distBBox(node, i, M, this.toBBox);
+               var overlap = intersectionArea(bbox1, bbox2);
+               var area = bboxArea(bbox1) + bboxArea(bbox2); // choose distribution with minimum overlap
 
+               if (overlap < minOverlap) {
+                 minOverlap = overlap;
+                 index = i;
+                 minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+               } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
+                 // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
+                 if (area < minArea) {
+                   minArea = area;
+                   index = i;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-       var forbiddenCharsRegex = new RegExp("[!\"#$%&'()*+,/\\\\:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~]", "g");
+             return index || M - m;
+           } // sorts node children by the best axis for split
 
-       function fixKey(key) {
-         return key.replace(/^\d/, '___$&').replace(forbiddenCharsRegex, '___');
-       }
+         }, {
+           key: "_chooseSplitAxis",
+           value: function _chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M) {
+             var compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX;
+             var compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY;
 
-       function _makeIEStorageElFunction() {
-         if (!doc || !doc.documentElement || !doc.documentElement.addBehavior) {
-           return null;
-         }
+             var xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX);
 
-         var scriptTag = 'script',
-             storageOwner,
-             storageContainer,
-             storageEl; // Since #userData storage applies only to specific paths, we need to
-         // somehow link our data to a specific path.  We choose /favicon.ico
-         // as a pretty safe option, since all browsers already make a request to
-         // this URL anyway and being a 404 will not hurt us here.  We wrap an
-         // iframe pointing to the favicon in an ActiveXObject(htmlfile) object
-         // (see: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa752574(v=VS.85).aspx)
-         // since the iframe access rules appear to allow direct access and
-         // manipulation of the document element, even for a 404 page.  This
-         // document can be used instead of the current document (which would
-         // have been limited to the current path) to perform #userData storage.
+             var yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY); // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
+             // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
 
-         try {
-           /* global ActiveXObject */
-           storageContainer = new ActiveXObject('htmlfile');
-           storageContainer.open();
-           storageContainer.write('<' + scriptTag + '>document.w=window</' + scriptTag + '><iframe src="/favicon.ico"></iframe>');
-           storageContainer.close();
-           storageOwner = storageContainer.w.frames[0].document;
-           storageEl = storageOwner.createElement('div');
-         } catch (e) {
-           // somehow ActiveXObject instantiation failed (perhaps some special
-           // security settings or otherwse), fall back to per-path storage
-           storageEl = doc.createElement('div');
-           storageOwner = doc.body;
-         }
 
-         return function (storeFunction) {
-           var args = [].slice.call(arguments, 0);
-           args.unshift(storageEl); // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531081(v=VS.85).aspx
-           // and http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531424(v=VS.85).aspx
+             if (xMargin < yMargin) node.children.sort(compareMinX);
+           } // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
 
-           storageOwner.appendChild(storageEl);
-           storageEl.addBehavior('#default#userData');
-           storageEl.load(storageName);
-           storeFunction.apply(this, args);
-           storageOwner.removeChild(storageEl);
-           return;
-         };
-       }
+         }, {
+           key: "_allDistMargin",
+           value: function _allDistMargin(node, m, M, compare) {
+             node.children.sort(compare);
+             var toBBox = this.toBBox;
+             var leftBBox = distBBox(node, 0, m, toBBox);
+             var rightBBox = distBBox(node, M - m, M, toBBox);
+             var margin = bboxMargin(leftBBox) + bboxMargin(rightBBox);
 
-       // doesn't work but cookies do. This implementation is adopted from
-       // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Storage/LocalStorage
+             for (var i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
+               var child = node.children[i];
+               extend$1(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+               margin += bboxMargin(leftBBox);
+             }
 
-       var Global$4 = util.Global;
-       var trim$4 = util.trim;
-       var cookieStorage = {
-         name: 'cookieStorage',
-         read: read$3,
-         write: write$3,
-         each: each$5,
-         remove: remove$5,
-         clearAll: clearAll$3
-       };
-       var doc$1 = Global$4.document;
+             for (var _i = M - m - 1; _i >= m; _i--) {
+               var _child = node.children[_i];
+               extend$1(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(_child) : _child);
+               margin += bboxMargin(rightBBox);
+             }
+
+             return margin;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_adjustParentBBoxes",
+           value: function _adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, path, level) {
+             // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
+             for (var i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
+               extend$1(path[i], bbox);
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_condense",
+           value: function _condense(path) {
+             // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
+             for (var i = path.length - 1, siblings; i >= 0; i--) {
+               if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
+                 if (i > 0) {
+                   siblings = path[i - 1].children;
+                   siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);
+                 } else this.clear();
+               } else calcBBox(path[i], this.toBBox);
+             }
+           }
+         }]);
 
-       function read$3(key) {
-         if (!key || !_has(key)) {
-           return null;
-         }
+         return RBush;
+       }();
 
-         var regexpStr = "(?:^|.*;\\s*)" + escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") + "\\s*\\=\\s*((?:[^;](?!;))*[^;]?).*";
-         return unescape(doc$1.cookie.replace(new RegExp(regexpStr), "$1"));
-       }
+       function findItem(item, items, equalsFn) {
+         if (!equalsFn) return items.indexOf(item);
 
-       function each$5(callback) {
-         var cookies = doc$1.cookie.split(/; ?/g);
+         for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
+           if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) return i;
+         }
 
-         for (var i = cookies.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-           if (!trim$4(cookies[i])) {
-             continue;
-           }
+         return -1;
+       } // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
 
-           var kvp = cookies[i].split('=');
-           var key = unescape(kvp[0]);
-           var val = unescape(kvp[1]);
-           callback(val, key);
-         }
-       }
 
-       function write$3(key, data) {
-         if (!key) {
-           return;
-         }
+       function calcBBox(node, toBBox) {
+         distBBox(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
+       } // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
 
-         doc$1.cookie = escape(key) + "=" + escape(data) + "; expires=Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT; path=/";
-       }
 
-       function remove$5(key) {
-         if (!key || !_has(key)) {
-           return;
+       function distBBox(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
+         if (!destNode) destNode = createNode(null);
+         destNode.minX = Infinity;
+         destNode.minY = Infinity;
+         destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
+         destNode.maxY = -Infinity;
+
+         for (var i = k; i < p; i++) {
+           var child = node.children[i];
+           extend$1(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
          }
 
-         doc$1.cookie = escape(key) + "=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/";
+         return destNode;
        }
 
-       function clearAll$3() {
-         each$5(function (_, key) {
-           remove$5(key);
-         });
+       function extend$1(a, b) {
+         a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
+         a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
+         a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
+         a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+         return a;
        }
 
-       function _has(key) {
-         return new RegExp("(?:^|;\\s*)" + escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") + "\\s*\\=").test(doc$1.cookie);
+       function compareNodeMinX(a, b) {
+         return a.minX - b.minX;
        }
 
-       var Global$5 = util.Global;
-       var sessionStorage_1 = {
-         name: 'sessionStorage',
-         read: read$4,
-         write: write$4,
-         each: each$6,
-         remove: remove$6,
-         clearAll: clearAll$4
-       };
+       function compareNodeMinY(a, b) {
+         return a.minY - b.minY;
+       }
 
-       function sessionStorage() {
-         return Global$5.sessionStorage;
+       function bboxArea(a) {
+         return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY);
        }
 
-       function read$4(key) {
-         return sessionStorage().getItem(key);
+       function bboxMargin(a) {
+         return a.maxX - a.minX + (a.maxY - a.minY);
        }
 
-       function write$4(key, data) {
-         return sessionStorage().setItem(key, data);
+       function enlargedArea(a, b) {
+         return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) * (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
        }
 
-       function each$6(fn) {
-         for (var i = sessionStorage().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-           var key = sessionStorage().key(i);
-           fn(read$4(key), key);
-         }
+       function intersectionArea(a, b) {
+         var minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX);
+         var minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY);
+         var maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX);
+         var maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+         return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) * Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
        }
 
-       function remove$6(key) {
-         return sessionStorage().removeItem(key);
+       function contains(a, b) {
+         return a.minX <= b.minX && a.minY <= b.minY && b.maxX <= a.maxX && b.maxY <= a.maxY;
        }
 
-       function clearAll$4() {
-         return sessionStorage().clear();
+       function intersects(a, b) {
+         return b.minX <= a.maxX && b.minY <= a.maxY && b.maxX >= a.minX && b.maxY >= a.minY;
        }
 
-       // memoryStorage is a useful last fallback to ensure that the store
-       // is functions (meaning store.get(), store.set(), etc will all function).
-       // However, stored values will not persist when the browser navigates to
-       // a new page or reloads the current page.
-       var memoryStorage_1 = {
-         name: 'memoryStorage',
-         read: read$5,
-         write: write$5,
-         each: each$7,
-         remove: remove$7,
-         clearAll: clearAll$5
-       };
-       var memoryStorage = {};
+       function createNode(children) {
+         return {
+           children: children,
+           height: 1,
+           leaf: true,
+           minX: Infinity,
+           minY: Infinity,
+           maxX: -Infinity,
+           maxY: -Infinity
+         };
+       } // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
+       // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach
 
-       function read$5(key) {
-         return memoryStorage[key];
-       }
 
-       function write$5(key, data) {
-         memoryStorage[key] = data;
-       }
+       function multiSelect(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
+         var stack = [left, right];
 
-       function each$7(callback) {
-         for (var key in memoryStorage) {
-           if (memoryStorage.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
-             callback(memoryStorage[key], key);
-           }
+         while (stack.length) {
+           right = stack.pop();
+           left = stack.pop();
+           if (right - left <= n) continue;
+           var mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
+           quickselect(arr, mid, left, right, compare);
+           stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
          }
        }
 
-       function remove$7(key) {
-         delete memoryStorage[key];
+       function responseText(response) {
+         if (!response.ok) throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText);
+         return response.text();
        }
 
-       function clearAll$5(key) {
-         memoryStorage = {};
+       function d3_text (input, init) {
+         return fetch(input, init).then(responseText);
        }
 
-       var all = [// Listed in order of usage preference
-       localStorage_1, oldFFGlobalStorage, oldIEUserDataStorage, cookieStorage, sessionStorage_1, memoryStorage_1];
-
-       /* eslint-disable */
-       //  json2.js
-       //  2016-10-28
-       //  Public Domain.
-       //  NO WARRANTY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK.
-       //  See http://www.JSON.org/js.html
-       //  This code should be minified before deployment.
-       //  See http://javascript.crockford.com/jsmin.html
-       //  USE YOUR OWN COPY. IT IS EXTREMELY UNWISE TO LOAD CODE FROM SERVERS YOU DO
-       //  NOT CONTROL.
-       //  This file creates a global JSON object containing two methods: stringify
-       //  and parse. This file provides the ES5 JSON capability to ES3 systems.
-       //  If a project might run on IE8 or earlier, then this file should be included.
-       //  This file does nothing on ES5 systems.
-       //      JSON.stringify(value, replacer, space)
-       //          value       any JavaScript value, usually an object or array.
-       //          replacer    an optional parameter that determines how object
-       //                      values are stringified for objects. It can be a
-       //                      function or an array of strings.
-       //          space       an optional parameter that specifies the indentation
-       //                      of nested structures. If it is omitted, the text will
-       //                      be packed without extra whitespace. If it is a number,
-       //                      it will specify the number of spaces to indent at each
-       //                      level. If it is a string (such as "\t" or "&nbsp;"),
-       //                      it contains the characters used to indent at each level.
-       //          This method produces a JSON text from a JavaScript value.
-       //          When an object value is found, if the object contains a toJSON
-       //          method, its toJSON method will be called and the result will be
-       //          stringified. A toJSON method does not serialize: it returns the
-       //          value represented by the name/value pair that should be serialized,
-       //          or undefined if nothing should be serialized. The toJSON method
-       //          will be passed the key associated with the value, and this will be
-       //          bound to the value.
-       //          For example, this would serialize Dates as ISO strings.
-       //              Date.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {
-       //                  function f(n) {
-       //                      // Format integers to have at least two digits.
-       //                      return (n < 10)
-       //                          ? "0" + n
-       //                          : n;
-       //                  }
-       //                  return this.getUTCFullYear()   + "-" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCDate())      + "T" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCHours())     + ":" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCMinutes())   + ":" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCSeconds())   + "Z";
-       //              };
-       //          You can provide an optional replacer method. It will be passed the
-       //          key and value of each member, with this bound to the containing
-       //          object. The value that is returned from your method will be
-       //          serialized. If your method returns undefined, then the member will
-       //          be excluded from the serialization.
-       //          If the replacer parameter is an array of strings, then it will be
-       //          used to select the members to be serialized. It filters the results
-       //          such that only members with keys listed in the replacer array are
-       //          stringified.
-       //          Values that do not have JSON representations, such as undefined or
-       //          functions, will not be serialized. Such values in objects will be
-       //          dropped; in arrays they will be replaced with null. You can use
-       //          a replacer function to replace those with JSON values.
-       //          JSON.stringify(undefined) returns undefined.
-       //          The optional space parameter produces a stringification of the
-       //          value that is filled with line breaks and indentation to make it
-       //          easier to read.
-       //          If the space parameter is a non-empty string, then that string will
-       //          be used for indentation. If the space parameter is a number, then
-       //          the indentation will be that many spaces.
-       //          Example:
-       //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}]);
-       //          // text is '["e",{"pluribus":"unum"}]'
-       //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}], null, "\t");
-       //          // text is '[\n\t"e",\n\t{\n\t\t"pluribus": "unum"\n\t}\n]'
-       //          text = JSON.stringify([new Date()], function (key, value) {
-       //              return this[key] instanceof Date
-       //                  ? "Date(" + this[key] + ")"
-       //                  : value;
-       //          });
-       //          // text is '["Date(---current time---)"]'
-       //      JSON.parse(text, reviver)
-       //          This method parses a JSON text to produce an object or array.
-       //          It can throw a SyntaxError exception.
-       //          The optional reviver parameter is a function that can filter and
-       //          transform the results. It receives each of the keys and values,
-       //          and its return value is used instead of the original value.
-       //          If it returns what it received, then the structure is not modified.
-       //          If it returns undefined then the member is deleted.
-       //          Example:
-       //          // Parse the text. Values that look like ISO date strings will
-       //          // be converted to Date objects.
-       //          myData = JSON.parse(text, function (key, value) {
-       //              var a;
-       //              if (typeof value === "string") {
-       //                  a =
-       //   /^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})T(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}(?:\.\d*)?)Z$/.exec(value);
-       //                  if (a) {
-       //                      return new Date(Date.UTC(+a[1], +a[2] - 1, +a[3], +a[4],
-       //                          +a[5], +a[6]));
-       //                  }
-       //              }
-       //              return value;
-       //          });
-       //          myData = JSON.parse('["Date(09/09/2001)"]', function (key, value) {
-       //              var d;
-       //              if (typeof value === "string" &&
-       //                      value.slice(0, 5) === "Date(" &&
-       //                      value.slice(-1) === ")") {
-       //                  d = new Date(value.slice(5, -1));
-       //                  if (d) {
-       //                      return d;
-       //                  }
-       //              }
-       //              return value;
-       //          });
-       //  This is a reference implementation. You are free to copy, modify, or
-       //  redistribute.
-
-       /*jslint
-           eval, for, this
-       */
+       function responseJson(response) {
+         if (!response.ok) throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText);
+         if (response.status === 204 || response.status === 205) return;
+         return response.json();
+       }
 
-       /*property
-           JSON, apply, call, charCodeAt, getUTCDate, getUTCFullYear, getUTCHours,
-           getUTCMinutes, getUTCMonth, getUTCSeconds, hasOwnProperty, join,
-           lastIndex, length, parse, prototype, push, replace, slice, stringify,
-           test, toJSON, toString, valueOf
-       */
-       // Create a JSON object only if one does not already exist. We create the
-       // methods in a closure to avoid creating global variables.
-       if ((typeof JSON === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(JSON)) !== "object") {
-         JSON = {};
+       function d3_json (input, init) {
+         return fetch(input, init).then(responseJson);
        }
 
-       (function () {
+       function parser(type) {
+         return function (input, init) {
+           return d3_text(input, init).then(function (text) {
+             return new DOMParser().parseFromString(text, type);
+           });
+         };
+       }
 
-         var rx_one = /^[\],:{}\s]*$/;
-         var rx_two = /\\(?:["\\\/bfnrt]|u[0-9a-fA-F]{4})/g;
-         var rx_three = /"[^"\\\n\r]*"|true|false|null|-?\d+(?:\.\d*)?(?:[eE][+\-]?\d+)?/g;
-         var rx_four = /(?:^|:|,)(?:\s*\[)+/g;
-         var rx_escapable = /[\\"\u0000-\u001f\u007f-\u009f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;
-         var rx_dangerous = /[\u0000\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;
+       var d3_xml = parser("application/xml");
+       var svg = parser("image/svg+xml");
 
-         function f(n) {
-           // Format integers to have at least two digits.
-           return n < 10 ? "0" + n : n;
-         }
+       var tiler$6 = utilTiler();
+       var dispatch$7 = dispatch$8('loaded');
+       var _tileZoom$3 = 14;
+       var _krUrlRoot = 'https://www.keepright.at';
+       var _krData = {
+         errorTypes: {},
+         localizeStrings: {}
+       }; // This gets reassigned if reset
 
-         function this_value() {
-           return this.valueOf();
-         }
+       var _cache$2;
 
-         if (typeof Date.prototype.toJSON !== "function") {
-           Date.prototype.toJSON = function () {
-             return isFinite(this.valueOf()) ? this.getUTCFullYear() + "-" + f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" + f(this.getUTCDate()) + "T" + f(this.getUTCHours()) + ":" + f(this.getUTCMinutes()) + ":" + f(this.getUTCSeconds()) + "Z" : null;
-           };
+       var _krRuleset = [// no 20 - multiple node on same spot - these are mostly boundaries overlapping roads
+       30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 220, 230, 231, 232, 270, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 310, 311, 312, 313, 320, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 401, 402, 410, 411, 412, 413];
 
-           Boolean.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
-           Number.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
-           String.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
+       function abortRequest$6(controller) {
+         if (controller) {
+           controller.abort();
          }
+       }
 
-         var gap;
-         var indent;
-         var meta;
-         var rep;
-
-         function quote(string) {
-           // If the string contains no control characters, no quote characters, and no
-           // backslash characters, then we can safely slap some quotes around it.
-           // Otherwise we must also replace the offending characters with safe escape
-           // sequences.
-           rx_escapable.lastIndex = 0;
-           return rx_escapable.test(string) ? "\"" + string.replace(rx_escapable, function (a) {
-             var c = meta[a];
-             return typeof c === "string" ? c : "\\u" + ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
-           }) + "\"" : "\"" + string + "\"";
-         }
+       function abortUnwantedRequests$3(cache, tiles) {
+         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k === tile.id;
+           });
 
-         function str(key, holder) {
-           // Produce a string from holder[key].
-           var i; // The loop counter.
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$6(cache.inflightTile[k]);
+             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
+           }
+         });
+       }
 
-           var k; // The member key.
+       function encodeIssueRtree$2(d) {
+         return {
+           minX: d.loc[0],
+           minY: d.loc[1],
+           maxX: d.loc[0],
+           maxY: d.loc[1],
+           data: d
+         };
+       } // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
 
-           var v; // The member value.
 
-           var length;
-           var mind = gap;
-           var partial;
-           var value = holder[key]; // If the value has a toJSON method, call it to obtain a replacement value.
+       function updateRtree$3(item, replace) {
+         _cache$2.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) {
+           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
+         });
 
-           if (value && _typeof(value) === "object" && typeof value.toJSON === "function") {
-             value = value.toJSON(key);
-           } // If we were called with a replacer function, then call the replacer to
-           // obtain a replacement value.
+         if (replace) {
+           _cache$2.rtree.insert(item);
+         }
+       }
 
+       function tokenReplacements(d) {
+         if (!(d instanceof QAItem)) return;
+         var htmlRegex = new RegExp(/<\/[a-z][\s\S]*>/);
+         var replacements = {};
+         var issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[d.whichType];
 
-           if (typeof rep === "function") {
-             value = rep.call(holder, key, value);
-           } // What happens next depends on the value's type.
+         if (!issueTemplate) {
+           /* eslint-disable no-console */
+           console.log('No Template: ', d.whichType);
+           console.log('  ', d.description);
+           /* eslint-enable no-console */
 
+           return;
+         } // some descriptions are just fixed text
 
-           switch (_typeof(value)) {
-             case "string":
-               return quote(value);
 
-             case "number":
-               // JSON numbers must be finite. Encode non-finite numbers as null.
-               return isFinite(value) ? String(value) : "null";
+         if (!issueTemplate.regex) return; // regex pattern should match description with variable details captured
 
-             case "boolean":
-             case "null":
-               // If the value is a boolean or null, convert it to a string. Note:
-               // typeof null does not produce "null". The case is included here in
-               // the remote chance that this gets fixed someday.
-               return String(value);
-             // If the type is "object", we might be dealing with an object or an array or
-             // null.
+         var errorRegex = new RegExp(issueTemplate.regex, 'i');
+         var errorMatch = errorRegex.exec(d.description);
 
-             case "object":
-               // Due to a specification blunder in ECMAScript, typeof null is "object",
-               // so watch out for that case.
-               if (!value) {
-                 return "null";
-               } // Make an array to hold the partial results of stringifying this object value.
+         if (!errorMatch) {
+           /* eslint-disable no-console */
+           console.log('Unmatched: ', d.whichType);
+           console.log('  ', d.description);
+           console.log('  ', errorRegex);
+           /* eslint-enable no-console */
 
+           return;
+         }
 
-               gap += indent;
-               partial = []; // Is the value an array?
+         for (var i = 1; i < errorMatch.length; i++) {
+           // skip first
+           var capture = errorMatch[i];
+           var idType = void 0;
+           idType = 'IDs' in issueTemplate ? issueTemplate.IDs[i - 1] : '';
 
-               if (Object.prototype.toString.apply(value) === "[object Array]") {
-                 // The value is an array. Stringify every element. Use null as a placeholder
-                 // for non-JSON values.
-                 length = value.length;
+           if (idType && capture) {
+             // link IDs if present in the capture
+             capture = parseError(capture, idType);
+           } else if (htmlRegex.test(capture)) {
+             // escape any html in non-IDs
+             capture = '\\' + capture + '\\';
+           } else {
+             var compare = capture.toLowerCase();
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-                   partial[i] = str(i, value) || "null";
-                 } // Join all of the elements together, separated with commas, and wrap them in
-                 // brackets.
+             if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {
+               // some replacement strings can be localized
+               capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
+             }
+           }
 
+           replacements['var' + i] = capture;
+         }
 
-                 v = partial.length === 0 ? "[]" : gap ? "[\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "]" : "[" + partial.join(",") + "]";
-                 gap = mind;
-                 return v;
-               } // If the replacer is an array, use it to select the members to be stringified.
+         return replacements;
+       }
 
+       function parseError(capture, idType) {
+         var compare = capture.toLowerCase();
 
-               if (rep && _typeof(rep) === "object") {
-                 length = rep.length;
+         if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {
+           // some replacement strings can be localized
+           capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
+         }
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-                   if (typeof rep[i] === "string") {
-                     k = rep[i];
-                     v = str(k, value);
+         switch (idType) {
+           // link a string like "this node"
+           case 'this':
+             capture = linkErrorObject(capture);
+             break;
 
-                     if (v) {
-                       partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ": " : ":") + v);
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 // Otherwise, iterate through all of the keys in the object.
-                 for (k in value) {
-                   if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
-                     v = str(k, value);
+           case 'url':
+             capture = linkURL(capture);
+             break;
+           // link an entity ID
 
-                     if (v) {
-                       partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ": " : ":") + v);
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
-               } // Join all of the member texts together, separated with commas,
-               // and wrap them in braces.
+           case 'n':
+           case 'w':
+           case 'r':
+             capture = linkEntity(idType + capture);
+             break;
+           // some errors have more complex ID lists/variance
 
+           case '20':
+             capture = parse20(capture);
+             break;
 
-               v = partial.length === 0 ? "{}" : gap ? "{\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "}" : "{" + partial.join(",") + "}";
-               gap = mind;
-               return v;
-           }
-         } // If the JSON object does not yet have a stringify method, give it one.
+           case '211':
+             capture = parse211(capture);
+             break;
 
+           case '231':
+             capture = parse231(capture);
+             break;
 
-         if (typeof JSON.stringify !== "function") {
-           meta = {
-             // table of character substitutions
-             "\b": "\\b",
-             "\t": "\\t",
-             "\n": "\\n",
-             "\f": "\\f",
-             "\r": "\\r",
-             "\"": "\\\"",
-             "\\": "\\\\"
-           };
+           case '294':
+             capture = parse294(capture);
+             break;
 
-           JSON.stringify = function (value, replacer, space) {
-             // The stringify method takes a value and an optional replacer, and an optional
-             // space parameter, and returns a JSON text. The replacer can be a function
-             // that can replace values, or an array of strings that will select the keys.
-             // A default replacer method can be provided. Use of the space parameter can
-             // produce text that is more easily readable.
-             var i;
-             gap = "";
-             indent = ""; // If the space parameter is a number, make an indent string containing that
-             // many spaces.
+           case '370':
+             capture = parse370(capture);
+             break;
+         }
 
-             if (typeof space === "number") {
-               for (i = 0; i < space; i += 1) {
-                 indent += " ";
-               } // If the space parameter is a string, it will be used as the indent string.
+         return capture;
 
-             } else if (typeof space === "string") {
-               indent = space;
-             } // If there is a replacer, it must be a function or an array.
-             // Otherwise, throw an error.
+         function linkErrorObject(d) {
+           return "<a class=\"error_object_link\">".concat(d, "</a>");
+         }
 
+         function linkEntity(d) {
+           return "<a class=\"error_entity_link\">".concat(d, "</a>");
+         }
 
-             rep = replacer;
+         function linkURL(d) {
+           return "<a class=\"kr_external_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"".concat(d, "\">").concat(d, "</a>");
+         } // arbitrary node list of form: #ID, #ID, #ID...
 
-             if (replacer && typeof replacer !== "function" && (_typeof(replacer) !== "object" || typeof replacer.length !== "number")) {
-               throw new Error("JSON.stringify");
-             } // Make a fake root object containing our value under the key of "".
-             // Return the result of stringifying the value.
 
+         function parse211(capture) {
+           var newList = [];
+           var items = capture.split(', ');
+           items.forEach(function (item) {
+             // ID has # at the front
+             var id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
+             newList.push(id);
+           });
+           return newList.join(', ');
+         } // arbitrary way list of form: #ID(layer),#ID(layer),#ID(layer)...
 
-             return str("", {
-               "": value
-             });
-           };
-         } // If the JSON object does not yet have a parse method, give it one.
 
+         function parse231(capture) {
+           var newList = []; // unfortunately 'layer' can itself contain commas, so we split on '),'
 
-         if (typeof JSON.parse !== "function") {
-           JSON.parse = function (text, reviver) {
-             // The parse method takes a text and an optional reviver function, and returns
-             // a JavaScript value if the text is a valid JSON text.
-             var j;
+           var items = capture.split('),');
+           items.forEach(function (item) {
+             var match = item.match(/\#(\d+)\((.+)\)?/);
 
-             function walk(holder, key) {
-               // The walk method is used to recursively walk the resulting structure so
-               // that modifications can be made.
-               var k;
-               var v;
-               var value = holder[key];
+             if (match !== null && match.length > 2) {
+               newList.push(linkEntity('w' + match[1]) + ' ' + _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.231.layer', {
+                 layer: match[2]
+               }));
+             }
+           });
+           return newList.join(', ');
+         } // arbitrary node/relation list of form: from node #ID,to relation #ID,to node #ID...
 
-               if (value && _typeof(value) === "object") {
-                 for (k in value) {
-                   if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
-                     v = walk(value, k);
 
-                     if (v !== undefined) {
-                       value[k] = v;
-                     } else {
-                       delete value[k];
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
+         function parse294(capture) {
+           var newList = [];
+           var items = capture.split(',');
+           items.forEach(function (item) {
+             // item of form "from/to node/relation #ID"
+             item = item.split(' '); // to/from role is more clear in quotes
 
-               return reviver.call(holder, key, value);
-             } // Parsing happens in four stages. In the first stage, we replace certain
-             // Unicode characters with escape sequences. JavaScript handles many characters
-             // incorrectly, either silently deleting them, or treating them as line endings.
+             var role = "\"".concat(item[0], "\""); // first letter of node/relation provides the type
 
+             var idType = item[1].slice(0, 1); // ID has # at the front
 
-             text = String(text);
-             rx_dangerous.lastIndex = 0;
+             var id = item[2].slice(1);
+             id = linkEntity(idType + id);
+             newList.push("".concat(role, " ").concat(item[1], " ").concat(id));
+           });
+           return newList.join(', ');
+         } // may or may not include the string "(including the name 'name')"
 
-             if (rx_dangerous.test(text)) {
-               text = text.replace(rx_dangerous, function (a) {
-                 return "\\u" + ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
-               });
-             } // In the second stage, we run the text against regular expressions that look
-             // for non-JSON patterns. We are especially concerned with "()" and "new"
-             // because they can cause invocation, and "=" because it can cause mutation.
-             // But just to be safe, we want to reject all unexpected forms.
-             // We split the second stage into 4 regexp operations in order to work around
-             // crippling inefficiencies in IE's and Safari's regexp engines. First we
-             // replace the JSON backslash pairs with "@" (a non-JSON character). Second, we
-             // replace all simple value tokens with "]" characters. Third, we delete all
-             // open brackets that follow a colon or comma or that begin the text. Finally,
-             // we look to see that the remaining characters are only whitespace or "]" or
-             // "," or ":" or "{" or "}". If that is so, then the text is safe for eval.
 
+         function parse370(capture) {
+           if (!capture) return '';
+           var match = capture.match(/\(including the name (\'.+\')\)/);
 
-             if (rx_one.test(text.replace(rx_two, "@").replace(rx_three, "]").replace(rx_four, ""))) {
-               // In the third stage we use the eval function to compile the text into a
-               // JavaScript structure. The "{" operator is subject to a syntactic ambiguity
-               // in JavaScript: it can begin a block or an object literal. We wrap the text
-               // in parens to eliminate the ambiguity.
-               j = eval("(" + text + ")"); // In the optional fourth stage, we recursively walk the new structure, passing
-               // each name/value pair to a reviver function for possible transformation.
+           if (match && match.length) {
+             return _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.370.including_the_name', {
+               name: match[1]
+             });
+           }
 
-               return typeof reviver === "function" ? walk({
-                 "": j
-               }, "") : j;
-             } // If the text is not JSON parseable, then a SyntaxError is thrown.
+           return '';
+         } // arbitrary node list of form: #ID,#ID,#ID...
 
 
-             throw new SyntaxError("JSON.parse");
-           };
+         function parse20(capture) {
+           var newList = [];
+           var items = capture.split(',');
+           items.forEach(function (item) {
+             // ID has # at the front
+             var id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
+             newList.push(id);
+           });
+           return newList.join(', ');
          }
-       })();
+       }
 
-       var json2 = json2Plugin;
+       var serviceKeepRight = {
+         title: 'keepRight',
+         init: function init() {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('keepRight').then(function (d) {
+             return _krData = d;
+           });
 
-       function json2Plugin() {
-         return {};
-       }
+           if (!_cache$2) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
 
-       var plugins = [json2];
-       var store_legacy = storeEngine.createStore(all, plugins);
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$7, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_cache$2) {
+             Object.values(_cache$2.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$6);
+           }
 
-       //
-       // This code is only compatible with IE10+ because the [XDomainRequest](http://bit.ly/LfO7xo)
-       // object, IE<10's idea of [CORS](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-origin_resource_sharing),
-       // does not support custom headers, which this uses everywhere.
+           _cache$2 = {
+             data: {},
+             loadedTile: {},
+             inflightTile: {},
+             inflightPost: {},
+             closed: {},
+             rtree: new RBush()
+           };
+         },
+         // KeepRight API:  http://osm.mueschelsoft.de/keepright/interfacing.php
+         loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
+           var _this = this;
 
+           var options = {
+             format: 'geojson',
+             ch: _krRuleset
+           }; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
 
-       var osmAuth = function osmAuth(o) {
-         var oauth = {}; // authenticated users will also have a request token secret, but it's
-         // not used in transactions with the server
+           var tiles = tiler$6.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$3, _tileZoom$3]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-         oauth.authenticated = function () {
-           return !!(token('oauth_token') && token('oauth_token_secret'));
-         };
+           abortUnwantedRequests$3(_cache$2, tiles); // issue new requests..
 
-         oauth.logout = function () {
-           token('oauth_token', '');
-           token('oauth_token_secret', '');
-           token('oauth_request_token_secret', '');
-           return oauth;
-         }; // TODO: detect lack of click event
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
 
+             var _tile$extent$rectangl = tile.extent.rectangle(),
+                 _tile$extent$rectangl2 = _slicedToArray(_tile$extent$rectangl, 4),
+                 left = _tile$extent$rectangl2[0],
+                 top = _tile$extent$rectangl2[1],
+                 right = _tile$extent$rectangl2[2],
+                 bottom = _tile$extent$rectangl2[3];
 
-         oauth.authenticate = function (callback) {
-           if (oauth.authenticated()) return callback();
-           oauth.logout(); // ## Getting a request token
+             var params = Object.assign({}, options, {
+               left: left,
+               bottom: bottom,
+               right: right,
+               top: top
+             });
+             var url = "".concat(_krUrlRoot, "/export.php?") + utilQsString(params);
+             var controller = new AbortController();
+             _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;
+             d3_json(url, {
+               signal: controller.signal
+             }).then(function (data) {
+               delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
+               _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
 
-           var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
-               url = o.url + '/oauth/request_token';
-           params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(o.oauth_secret, '', ohauth_1.baseString('POST', url, params));
+               if (!data || !data.features || !data.features.length) {
+                 throw new Error('No Data');
+               }
 
-           if (!o.singlepage) {
-             // Create a 600x550 popup window in the center of the screen
-             var w = 600,
-                 h = 550,
-                 settings = [['width', w], ['height', h], ['left', screen.width / 2 - w / 2], ['top', screen.height / 2 - h / 2]].map(function (x) {
-               return x.join('=');
-             }).join(','),
-                 popup = window.open('about:blank', 'oauth_window', settings);
-             oauth.popupWindow = popup;
+               data.features.forEach(function (feature) {
+                 var _feature$properties = feature.properties,
+                     itemType = _feature$properties.error_type,
+                     id = _feature$properties.error_id,
+                     _feature$properties$c = _feature$properties.comment,
+                     comment = _feature$properties$c === void 0 ? null : _feature$properties$c,
+                     objectId = _feature$properties.object_id,
+                     objectType = _feature$properties.object_type,
+                     schema = _feature$properties.schema,
+                     title = _feature$properties.title;
+                 var loc = feature.geometry.coordinates,
+                     _feature$properties$d = feature.properties.description,
+                     description = _feature$properties$d === void 0 ? '' : _feature$properties$d; // if there is a parent, save its error type e.g.:
+                 //  Error 191 = "highway-highway"
+                 //  Error 190 = "intersections without junctions"  (parent)
 
-             if (!popup) {
-               var error = new Error('Popup was blocked');
-               error.status = 'popup-blocked';
-               throw error;
-             }
-           } // Request a request token. When this is complete, the popup
-           // window is redirected to OSM's authorization page.
+                 var issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[itemType];
+                 var parentIssueType = (Math.floor(itemType / 10) * 10).toString(); // try to handle error type directly, fallback to parent error type.
 
+                 var whichType = issueTemplate ? itemType : parentIssueType;
+                 var whichTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[whichType]; // Rewrite a few of the errors at this point..
+                 // This is done to make them easier to linkify and translate.
 
-           ohauth_1.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, reqTokenDone);
-           o.loading();
+                 switch (whichType) {
+                   case '170':
+                     description = "This feature has a FIXME tag: ".concat(description);
+                     break;
 
-           function reqTokenDone(err, xhr) {
-             o.done();
-             if (err) return callback(err);
-             var resp = ohauth_1.stringQs(xhr.response);
-             token('oauth_request_token_secret', resp.oauth_token_secret);
-             var authorize_url = o.url + '/oauth/authorize?' + ohauth_1.qsString({
-               oauth_token: resp.oauth_token,
-               oauth_callback: resolveUrl$1(o.landing)
-             });
+                   case '292':
+                   case '293':
+                     description = description.replace('A turn-', 'This turn-');
+                     break;
 
-             if (o.singlepage) {
-               location.href = authorize_url;
-             } else {
-               popup.location = authorize_url;
-             }
-           } // Called by a function in a landing page, in the popup window. The
-           // window closes itself.
+                   case '294':
+                   case '295':
+                   case '296':
+                   case '297':
+                   case '298':
+                     description = "This turn-restriction~".concat(description);
+                     break;
 
+                   case '300':
+                     description = 'This highway is missing a maxspeed tag';
+                     break;
 
-           window.authComplete = function (token) {
-             var oauth_token = ohauth_1.stringQs(token.split('?')[1]);
-             get_access_token(oauth_token.oauth_token);
-             delete window.authComplete;
-           }; // ## Getting an request token
-           //
-           // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
-           // call on a landing page popup.
+                   case '411':
+                   case '412':
+                   case '413':
+                     description = "This feature~".concat(description);
+                     break;
+                 } // move markers slightly so it doesn't obscure the geometry,
+                 // then move markers away from other coincident markers
 
 
-           function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
-             var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
-                 params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
-                 request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
-             params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
-             params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(o.oauth_secret, request_token_secret, ohauth_1.baseString('POST', url, params)); // ## Getting an access token
-             //
-             // The final token required for authentication. At this point
-             // we have a `request token secret`
+                 var coincident = false;
 
-             ohauth_1.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
-             o.loading();
-           }
+                 do {
+                   // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
+                   var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
+                   loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
+                   var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
+                   coincident = _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).length;
+                 } while (coincident);
 
-           function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
-             o.done();
-             if (err) return callback(err);
-             var access_token = ohauth_1.stringQs(xhr.response);
-             token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
-             token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
-             callback(null, oauth);
-           }
-         };
+                 var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, itemType, id, {
+                   comment: comment,
+                   description: description,
+                   whichType: whichType,
+                   parentIssueType: parentIssueType,
+                   severity: whichTemplate.severity || 'error',
+                   objectId: objectId,
+                   objectType: objectType,
+                   schema: schema,
+                   title: title
+                 });
+                 d.replacements = tokenReplacements(d);
+                 _cache$2.data[id] = d;
 
-         oauth.bringPopupWindowToFront = function () {
-           var brougtPopupToFront = false;
+                 _cache$2.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$2(d));
+               });
+               dispatch$7.call('loaded');
+             })["catch"](function () {
+               delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
+               _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         postUpdate: function postUpdate(d, callback) {
+           var _this2 = this;
 
-           try {
-             // This may cause a cross-origin error:
-             // `DOMException: Blocked a frame with origin "..." from accessing a cross-origin frame.`
-             if (oauth.popupWindow && !oauth.popupWindow.closed) {
-               oauth.popupWindow.focus();
-               brougtPopupToFront = true;
-             }
-           } catch (err) {// Bringing popup window to front failed (probably because of the cross-origin error mentioned above)
+           if (_cache$2.inflightPost[d.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Error update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, d);
            }
 
-           return brougtPopupToFront;
-         };
-
-         oauth.bootstrapToken = function (oauth_token, callback) {
-           // ## Getting an request token
-           // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
-           // call on a landing page popup.
-           function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
-             var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
-                 params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
-                 request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
-             params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
-             params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(o.oauth_secret, request_token_secret, ohauth_1.baseString('POST', url, params)); // ## Getting an access token
-             // The final token required for authentication. At this point
-             // we have a `request token secret`
+           var params = {
+             schema: d.schema,
+             id: d.id
+           };
 
-             ohauth_1.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
-             o.loading();
+           if (d.newStatus) {
+             params.st = d.newStatus;
            }
 
-           function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
-             o.done();
-             if (err) return callback(err);
-             var access_token = ohauth_1.stringQs(xhr.response);
-             token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
-             token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
-             callback(null, oauth);
-           }
+           if (d.newComment !== undefined) {
+             params.co = d.newComment;
+           } // NOTE: This throws a CORS err, but it seems successful.
+           // We don't care too much about the response, so this is fine.
 
-           get_access_token(oauth_token);
-         }; // # xhr
-         //
-         // A single XMLHttpRequest wrapper that does authenticated calls if the
-         // user has logged in.
 
+           var url = "".concat(_krUrlRoot, "/comment.php?") + utilQsString(params);
+           var controller = new AbortController();
+           _cache$2.inflightPost[d.id] = controller; // Since this is expected to throw an error just continue as if it worked
+           // (worst case scenario the request truly fails and issue will show up if iD restarts)
+
+           d3_json(url, {
+             signal: controller.signal
+           })["finally"](function () {
+             delete _cache$2.inflightPost[d.id];
 
-         oauth.xhr = function (options, callback) {
-           if (!oauth.authenticated()) {
-             if (o.auto) {
-               return oauth.authenticate(run);
+             if (d.newStatus === 'ignore') {
+               // ignore permanently (false positive)
+               _this2.removeItem(d);
+             } else if (d.newStatus === 'ignore_t') {
+               // ignore temporarily (error fixed)
+               _this2.removeItem(d);
+
+               _cache$2.closed["".concat(d.schema, ":").concat(d.id)] = true;
              } else {
-               callback('not authenticated', null);
-               return;
+               d = _this2.replaceItem(d.update({
+                 comment: d.newComment,
+                 newComment: undefined,
+                 newState: undefined
+               }));
              }
-           } else {
-             return run();
-           }
 
-           function run() {
-             var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
-                 oauth_token_secret = token('oauth_token_secret'),
-                 url = options.prefix !== false ? o.url + options.path : options.path,
-                 url_parts = url.replace(/#.*$/, '').split('?', 2),
-                 base_url = url_parts[0],
-                 query = url_parts.length === 2 ? url_parts[1] : ''; // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5849#section-3.4.1.3.1
+             if (callback) callback(null, d);
+           });
+         },
+         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
+         getItems: function getItems(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           return _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+         },
+         // Get a QAItem from cache
+         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
+         getError: function getError(id) {
+           return _cache$2.data[id];
+         },
+         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
+         replaceItem: function replaceItem(item) {
+           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
+           _cache$2.data[item.id] = item;
+           updateRtree$3(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), true); // true = replace
+
+           return item;
+         },
+         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
+         removeItem: function removeItem(item) {
+           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
+           delete _cache$2.data[item.id];
+           updateRtree$3(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), false); // false = remove
+         },
+         issueURL: function issueURL(item) {
+           return "".concat(_krUrlRoot, "/report_map.php?schema=").concat(item.schema, "&error=").concat(item.id);
+         },
+         // Get an array of issues closed during this session.
+         // Used to populate `closed:keepright` changeset tag
+         getClosedIDs: function getClosedIDs() {
+           return Object.keys(_cache$2.closed).sort();
+         }
+       };
+
+       var tiler$5 = utilTiler();
+       var dispatch$6 = dispatch$8('loaded');
+       var _tileZoom$2 = 14;
+       var _impOsmUrls = {
+         ow: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/directionOfFlowService',
+         mr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/missingGeoService',
+         tr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/turnRestrictionService'
+       };
+       var _impOsmData = {
+         icons: {}
+       }; // This gets reassigned if reset
 
-             if ((!options.options || !options.options.header || options.options.header['Content-Type'] === 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded') && options.content) {
-               params = immutable(params, ohauth_1.stringQs(options.content));
-             }
+       var _cache$1;
 
-             params.oauth_token = token('oauth_token');
-             params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(o.oauth_secret, oauth_token_secret, ohauth_1.baseString(options.method, base_url, immutable(params, ohauth_1.stringQs(query))));
-             return ohauth_1.xhr(options.method, url, params, options.content, options.options, done);
+       function abortRequest$5(i) {
+         Object.values(i).forEach(function (controller) {
+           if (controller) {
+             controller.abort();
            }
+         });
+       }
 
-           function done(err, xhr) {
-             if (err) return callback(err);else if (xhr.responseXML) return callback(err, xhr.responseXML);else return callback(err, xhr.response);
-           }
-         }; // pre-authorize this object, if we can just get a token and token_secret
-         // from the start
+       function abortUnwantedRequests$2(cache, tiles) {
+         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k === tile.id;
+           });
 
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$5(cache.inflightTile[k]);
+             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
+           }
+         });
+       }
 
-         oauth.preauth = function (c) {
-           if (!c) return;
-           if (c.oauth_token) token('oauth_token', c.oauth_token);
-           if (c.oauth_token_secret) token('oauth_token_secret', c.oauth_token_secret);
-           return oauth;
+       function encodeIssueRtree$1(d) {
+         return {
+           minX: d.loc[0],
+           minY: d.loc[1],
+           maxX: d.loc[0],
+           maxY: d.loc[1],
+           data: d
          };
+       } // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
 
-         oauth.options = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return o;
-           o = _;
-           o.url = o.url || 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
-           o.landing = o.landing || 'land.html';
-           o.singlepage = o.singlepage || false; // Optional loading and loading-done functions for nice UI feedback.
-           // by default, no-ops
-
-           o.loading = o.loading || function () {};
 
-           o.done = o.done || function () {};
+       function updateRtree$2(item, replace) {
+         _cache$1.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) {
+           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
+         });
 
-           return oauth.preauth(o);
-         }; // 'stamp' an authentication object from `getAuth()`
-         // with a [nonce](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce)
-         // and timestamp
+         if (replace) {
+           _cache$1.rtree.insert(item);
+         }
+       }
 
+       function linkErrorObject(d) {
+         return "<a class=\"error_object_link\">".concat(d, "</a>");
+       }
 
-         function timenonce(o) {
-           o.oauth_timestamp = ohauth_1.timestamp();
-           o.oauth_nonce = ohauth_1.nonce();
-           return o;
-         } // get/set tokens. These are prefixed with the base URL so that `osm-auth`
-         // can be used with multiple APIs and the keys in `localStorage`
-         // will not clash
+       function linkEntity(d) {
+         return "<a class=\"error_entity_link\">".concat(d, "</a>");
+       }
 
+       function pointAverage(points) {
+         if (points.length) {
+           var sum = points.reduce(function (acc, point) {
+             return geoVecAdd(acc, [point.lon, point.lat]);
+           }, [0, 0]);
+           return geoVecScale(sum, 1 / points.length);
+         } else {
+           return [0, 0];
+         }
+       }
 
-         var token;
+       function relativeBearing(p1, p2) {
+         var angle = Math.atan2(p2.lon - p1.lon, p2.lat - p1.lat);
 
-         if (store_legacy.enabled) {
-           token = function token(x, y) {
-             if (arguments.length === 1) return store_legacy.get(o.url + x);else if (arguments.length === 2) return store_legacy.set(o.url + x, y);
-           };
-         } else {
-           var storage = {};
+         if (angle < 0) {
+           angle += 2 * Math.PI;
+         } // Return degrees
 
-           token = function token(x, y) {
-             if (arguments.length === 1) return storage[o.url + x];else if (arguments.length === 2) return storage[o.url + x] = y;
-           };
-         } // Get an authentication object. If you just add and remove properties
-         // from a single object, you'll need to use `delete` to make sure that
-         // it doesn't contain undesired properties for authentication
 
+         return angle * 180 / Math.PI;
+       } // Assuming range [0,360)
 
-         function getAuth(o) {
-           return {
-             oauth_consumer_key: o.oauth_consumer_key,
-             oauth_signature_method: 'HMAC-SHA1'
-           };
-         } // potentially pre-authorize
 
+       function cardinalDirection(bearing) {
+         var dir = 45 * Math.round(bearing / 45);
+         var compass = {
+           0: 'north',
+           45: 'northeast',
+           90: 'east',
+           135: 'southeast',
+           180: 'south',
+           225: 'southwest',
+           270: 'west',
+           315: 'northwest',
+           360: 'north'
+         };
+         return _t("QA.improveOSM.directions.".concat(compass[dir]));
+       } // Errors shouldn't obscure each other
 
-         oauth.options(o);
-         return oauth;
-       };
 
-       var JXON = new function () {
-         var sValueProp = 'keyValue',
-             sAttributesProp = 'keyAttributes',
-             sAttrPref = '@',
+       function preventCoincident$1(loc, bumpUp) {
+         var coincident = false;
 
-         /* you can customize these values */
-         aCache = [],
-             rIsNull = /^\s*$/,
-             rIsBool = /^(?:true|false)$/i;
+         do {
+           // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
+           var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : bumpUp ? [0, 0.00001] : [0, 0];
+           loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
+           var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
+           coincident = _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).length;
+         } while (coincident);
 
-         function parseText(sValue) {
-           if (rIsNull.test(sValue)) {
-             return null;
-           }
+         return loc;
+       }
 
-           if (rIsBool.test(sValue)) {
-             return sValue.toLowerCase() === 'true';
-           }
+       var serviceImproveOSM = {
+         title: 'improveOSM',
+         init: function init() {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data').then(function (d) {
+             return _impOsmData = d.improveOSM;
+           });
 
-           if (isFinite(sValue)) {
-             return parseFloat(sValue);
+           if (!_cache$1) {
+             this.reset();
            }
 
-           if (isFinite(Date.parse(sValue))) {
-             return new Date(sValue);
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$6, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_cache$1) {
+             Object.values(_cache$1.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$5);
            }
 
-           return sValue;
-         }
-
-         function EmptyTree() {}
-
-         EmptyTree.prototype.toString = function () {
-           return 'null';
-         };
-
-         EmptyTree.prototype.valueOf = function () {
-           return null;
-         };
+           _cache$1 = {
+             data: {},
+             loadedTile: {},
+             inflightTile: {},
+             inflightPost: {},
+             closed: {},
+             rtree: new RBush()
+           };
+         },
+         loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
+           var _this = this;
 
-         function objectify(vValue) {
-           return vValue === null ? new EmptyTree() : vValue instanceof Object ? vValue : new vValue.constructor(vValue);
-         }
+           var options = {
+             client: 'iD',
+             status: 'OPEN',
+             zoom: '19' // Use a high zoom so that clusters aren't returned
 
-         function createObjTree(oParentNode, nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr) {
-           var nLevelStart = aCache.length,
-               bChildren = oParentNode.hasChildNodes(),
-               bAttributes = oParentNode.hasAttributes(),
-               bHighVerb = Boolean(nVerb & 2);
-           var sProp,
-               vContent,
-               nLength = 0,
-               sCollectedTxt = '',
-               vResult = bHighVerb ? {} :
-           /* put here the default value for empty nodes: */
-           true;
+           }; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
 
-           if (bChildren) {
-             for (var oNode, nItem = 0; nItem < oParentNode.childNodes.length; nItem++) {
-               oNode = oParentNode.childNodes.item(nItem);
+           var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$2, _tileZoom$2]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-               if (oNode.nodeType === 4) {
-                 sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue;
-               }
-               /* nodeType is 'CDATASection' (4) */
-               else if (oNode.nodeType === 3) {
-                   sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue.trim();
-                 }
-                 /* nodeType is 'Text' (3) */
-                 else if (oNode.nodeType === 1 && !oNode.prefix) {
-                     aCache.push(oNode);
-                   }
-               /* nodeType is 'Element' (1) */
+           abortUnwantedRequests$2(_cache$1, tiles); // issue new requests..
 
-             }
-           }
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
 
-           var nLevelEnd = aCache.length,
-               vBuiltVal = parseText(sCollectedTxt);
+             var _tile$extent$rectangl = tile.extent.rectangle(),
+                 _tile$extent$rectangl2 = _slicedToArray(_tile$extent$rectangl, 4),
+                 east = _tile$extent$rectangl2[0],
+                 north = _tile$extent$rectangl2[1],
+                 west = _tile$extent$rectangl2[2],
+                 south = _tile$extent$rectangl2[3];
 
-           if (!bHighVerb && (bChildren || bAttributes)) {
-             vResult = nVerb === 0 ? objectify(vBuiltVal) : {};
-           }
+             var params = Object.assign({}, options, {
+               east: east,
+               south: south,
+               west: west,
+               north: north
+             }); // 3 separate requests to store for each tile
 
-           for (var nElId = nLevelStart; nElId < nLevelEnd; nElId++) {
-             sProp = aCache[nElId].nodeName.toLowerCase();
-             vContent = createObjTree(aCache[nElId], nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr);
+             var requests = {};
+             Object.keys(_impOsmUrls).forEach(function (k) {
+               // We exclude WATER from missing geometry as it doesn't seem useful
+               // We use most confident one-way and turn restrictions only, still have false positives
+               var kParams = Object.assign({}, params, k === 'mr' ? {
+                 type: 'PARKING,ROAD,BOTH,PATH'
+               } : {
+                 confidenceLevel: 'C1'
+               });
+               var url = "".concat(_impOsmUrls[k], "/search?") + utilQsString(kParams);
+               var controller = new AbortController();
+               requests[k] = controller;
+               d3_json(url, {
+                 signal: controller.signal
+               }).then(function (data) {
+                 delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
 
-             if (vResult.hasOwnProperty(sProp)) {
-               if (vResult[sProp].constructor !== Array) {
-                 vResult[sProp] = [vResult[sProp]];
-               }
+                 if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
+                   delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
+                   _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+                 } // Road segments at high zoom == oneways
 
-               vResult[sProp].push(vContent);
-             } else {
-               vResult[sProp] = vContent;
-               nLength++;
-             }
-           }
 
-           if (bAttributes) {
-             var nAttrLen = oParentNode.attributes.length,
-                 sAPrefix = bNesteAttr ? '' : sAttrPref,
-                 oAttrParent = bNesteAttr ? {} : vResult;
+                 if (data.roadSegments) {
+                   data.roadSegments.forEach(function (feature) {
+                     // Position error at the approximate middle of the segment
+                     var points = feature.points,
+                         wayId = feature.wayId,
+                         fromNodeId = feature.fromNodeId,
+                         toNodeId = feature.toNodeId;
+                     var itemId = "".concat(wayId).concat(fromNodeId).concat(toNodeId);
+                     var mid = points.length / 2;
+                     var loc; // Even number of points, find midpoint of the middle two
+                     // Odd number of points, use position of very middle point
 
-             for (var oAttrib, nAttrib = 0; nAttrib < nAttrLen; nLength++, nAttrib++) {
-               oAttrib = oParentNode.attributes.item(nAttrib);
-               oAttrParent[sAPrefix + oAttrib.name.toLowerCase()] = parseText(oAttrib.value.trim());
-             }
+                     if (mid % 1 === 0) {
+                       loc = pointAverage([points[mid - 1], points[mid]]);
+                     } else {
+                       mid = points[Math.floor(mid)];
+                       loc = [mid.lon, mid.lat];
+                     } // One-ways can land on same segment in opposite direction
 
-             if (bNesteAttr) {
-               if (bFreeze) {
-                 Object.freeze(oAttrParent);
-               }
 
-               vResult[sAttributesProp] = oAttrParent;
-               nLength -= nAttrLen - 1;
-             }
-           }
+                     loc = preventCoincident$1(loc, false);
+                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, k, itemId, {
+                       issueKey: k,
+                       // used as a category
+                       identifier: {
+                         // used to post changes
+                         wayId: wayId,
+                         fromNodeId: fromNodeId,
+                         toNodeId: toNodeId
+                       },
+                       objectId: wayId,
+                       objectType: 'way'
+                     }); // Variables used in the description
 
-           if (nVerb === 3 || (nVerb === 2 || nVerb === 1 && nLength > 0) && sCollectedTxt) {
-             vResult[sValueProp] = vBuiltVal;
-           } else if (!bHighVerb && nLength === 0 && sCollectedTxt) {
-             vResult = vBuiltVal;
-           }
+                     d.replacements = {
+                       percentage: feature.percentOfTrips,
+                       num_trips: feature.numberOfTrips,
+                       highway: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.highway')),
+                       from_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.fromNodeId),
+                       to_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.toNodeId)
+                     };
+                     _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
 
-           if (bFreeze && (bHighVerb || nLength > 0)) {
-             Object.freeze(vResult);
-           }
+                     _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
+                   });
+                 } // Tiles at high zoom == missing roads
 
-           aCache.length = nLevelStart;
-           return vResult;
-         }
 
-         function loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oParentEl, oParentObj) {
-           var vValue, oChild;
+                 if (data.tiles) {
+                   data.tiles.forEach(function (feature) {
+                     var type = feature.type,
+                         x = feature.x,
+                         y = feature.y,
+                         numberOfTrips = feature.numberOfTrips;
+                     var geoType = type.toLowerCase();
+                     var itemId = "".concat(geoType).concat(x).concat(y).concat(numberOfTrips); // Average of recorded points should land on the missing geometry
+                     // Missing geometry could happen to land on another error
 
-           if (oParentObj instanceof String || oParentObj instanceof Number || oParentObj instanceof Boolean) {
-             oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toString()));
-             /* verbosity level is 0 */
-           } else if (oParentObj.constructor === Date) {
-             oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toGMTString()));
-           }
+                     var loc = pointAverage(feature.points);
+                     loc = preventCoincident$1(loc, false);
+                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, "".concat(k, "-").concat(geoType), itemId, {
+                       issueKey: k,
+                       identifier: {
+                         x: x,
+                         y: y
+                       }
+                     });
+                     d.replacements = {
+                       num_trips: numberOfTrips,
+                       geometry_type: _t("QA.improveOSM.geometry_types.".concat(geoType))
+                     }; // -1 trips indicates data came from a 3rd party
 
-           for (var sName in oParentObj) {
-             vValue = oParentObj[sName];
+                     if (numberOfTrips === -1) {
+                       d.desc = _t('QA.improveOSM.error_types.mr.description_alt', d.replacements);
+                     }
 
-             if (isFinite(sName) || vValue instanceof Function) {
-               continue;
-             }
-             /* verbosity level is 0 */
+                     _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
 
+                     _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
+                   });
+                 } // Entities at high zoom == turn restrictions
 
-             if (sName === sValueProp) {
-               if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) {
-                 oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.constructor === Date ? vValue.toGMTString() : String(vValue)));
-               }
-             } else if (sName === sAttributesProp) {
-               /* verbosity level is 3 */
-               for (var sAttrib in vValue) {
-                 oParentEl.setAttribute(sAttrib, vValue[sAttrib]);
-               }
-             } else if (sName.charAt(0) === sAttrPref) {
-               oParentEl.setAttribute(sName.slice(1), vValue);
-             } else if (vValue.constructor === Array) {
-               for (var nItem = 0; nItem < vValue.length; nItem++) {
-                 oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
-                 loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue[nItem]);
-                 oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
-               }
-             } else {
-               oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
 
-               if (vValue instanceof Object) {
-                 loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue);
-               } else if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) {
-                 oChild.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.toString()));
-               }
+                 if (data.entities) {
+                   data.entities.forEach(function (feature) {
+                     var point = feature.point,
+                         id = feature.id,
+                         segments = feature.segments,
+                         numberOfPasses = feature.numberOfPasses,
+                         turnType = feature.turnType;
+                     var itemId = "".concat(id.replace(/[,:+#]/g, '_')); // Turn restrictions could be missing at same junction
+                     // We also want to bump the error up so node is accessible
 
-               oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
-             }
-           }
-         }
+                     var loc = preventCoincident$1([point.lon, point.lat], true); // Elements are presented in a strange way
 
-         this.build = function (oXMLParent, nVerbosity
-         /* optional */
-         , bFreeze
-         /* optional */
-         , bNesteAttributes
-         /* optional */
-         ) {
-           var _nVerb = arguments.length > 1 && typeof nVerbosity === 'number' ? nVerbosity & 3 :
-           /* put here the default verbosity level: */
-           1;
+                     var ids = id.split(',');
+                     var from_way = ids[0];
+                     var via_node = ids[3];
+                     var to_way = ids[2].split(':')[1];
+                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, k, itemId, {
+                       issueKey: k,
+                       identifier: id,
+                       objectId: via_node,
+                       objectType: 'node'
+                     }); // Travel direction along from_way clarifies the turn restriction
 
-           return createObjTree(oXMLParent, _nVerb, bFreeze || false, arguments.length > 3 ? bNesteAttributes : _nVerb === 3);
-         };
+                     var _segments$0$points = _slicedToArray(segments[0].points, 2),
+                         p1 = _segments$0$points[0],
+                         p2 = _segments$0$points[1];
 
-         this.unbuild = function (oObjTree) {
-           var oNewDoc = document.implementation.createDocument('', '', null);
-           loadObjTree(oNewDoc, oNewDoc, oObjTree);
-           return oNewDoc;
-         };
+                     var dir_of_travel = cardinalDirection(relativeBearing(p1, p2)); // Variables used in the description
 
-         this.stringify = function (oObjTree) {
-           return new XMLSerializer().serializeToString(JXON.unbuild(oObjTree));
-         };
-       }(); // var myObject = JXON.build(doc);
-       // we got our javascript object! try: alert(JSON.stringify(myObject));
-       // var newDoc = JXON.unbuild(myObject);
-       // we got our Document instance! try: alert((new XMLSerializer()).serializeToString(newDoc));
+                     d.replacements = {
+                       num_passed: numberOfPasses,
+                       num_trips: segments[0].numberOfTrips,
+                       turn_restriction: turnType.toLowerCase(),
+                       from_way: linkEntity('w' + from_way),
+                       to_way: linkEntity('w' + to_way),
+                       travel_direction: dir_of_travel,
+                       junction: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.this_node'))
+                     };
+                     _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
 
-       var tiler$5 = utilTiler();
-       var dispatch$6 = dispatch('apiStatusChange', 'authLoading', 'authDone', 'change', 'loading', 'loaded', 'loadedNotes');
-       var urlroot = 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
-       var oauth = osmAuth({
-         url: urlroot,
-         oauth_consumer_key: '5A043yRSEugj4DJ5TljuapfnrflWDte8jTOcWLlT',
-         oauth_secret: 'aB3jKq1TRsCOUrfOIZ6oQMEDmv2ptV76PA54NGLL',
-         loading: authLoading,
-         done: authDone
-       }); // hardcode default block of Google Maps
+                     _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
 
-       var _imageryBlocklists = [/.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/];
-       var _tileCache = {
-         toLoad: {},
-         loaded: {},
-         inflight: {},
-         seen: {},
-         rtree: new RBush()
-       };
-       var _noteCache = {
-         toLoad: {},
-         loaded: {},
-         inflight: {},
-         inflightPost: {},
-         note: {},
-         closed: {},
-         rtree: new RBush()
-       };
-       var _userCache = {
-         toLoad: {},
-         user: {}
-       };
+                     dispatch$6.call('loaded');
+                   });
+                 }
+               })["catch"](function () {
+                 delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
 
-       var _cachedApiStatus;
+                 if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
+                   delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
+                   _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+                 }
+               });
+             });
+             _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id] = requests;
+           });
+         },
+         getComments: function getComments(item) {
+           var _this2 = this;
 
-       var _changeset = {};
+           // If comments already retrieved no need to do so again
+           if (item.comments) {
+             return Promise.resolve(item);
+           }
 
-       var _deferred = new Set();
+           var key = item.issueKey;
+           var qParams = {};
 
-       var _connectionID = 1;
-       var _tileZoom$3 = 16;
-       var _noteZoom = 12;
+           if (key === 'ow') {
+             qParams = item.identifier;
+           } else if (key === 'mr') {
+             qParams.tileX = item.identifier.x;
+             qParams.tileY = item.identifier.y;
+           } else if (key === 'tr') {
+             qParams.targetId = item.identifier;
+           }
 
-       var _rateLimitError;
+           var url = "".concat(_impOsmUrls[key], "/retrieveComments?") + utilQsString(qParams);
 
-       var _userChangesets;
+           var cacheComments = function cacheComments(data) {
+             // Assign directly for immediate use afterwards
+             // comments are served newest to oldest
+             item.comments = data.comments ? data.comments.reverse() : [];
 
-       var _userDetails;
+             _this2.replaceItem(item);
+           };
 
-       var _off; // set a default but also load this from the API status
+           return d3_json(url).then(cacheComments).then(function () {
+             return item;
+           });
+         },
+         postUpdate: function postUpdate(d, callback) {
+           if (!serviceOsm.authenticated()) {
+             // Username required in payload
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Not Authenticated',
+               status: -3
+             }, d);
+           }
 
+           if (_cache$1.inflightPost[d.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Error update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, d);
+           } // Payload can only be sent once username is established
 
-       var _maxWayNodes = 2000;
 
-       function authLoading() {
-         dispatch$6.call('authLoading');
-       }
+           serviceOsm.userDetails(sendPayload.bind(this));
 
-       function authDone() {
-         dispatch$6.call('authDone');
-       }
+           function sendPayload(err, user) {
+             var _this3 = this;
 
-       function abortRequest$5(controllerOrXHR) {
-         if (controllerOrXHR) {
-           controllerOrXHR.abort();
-         }
-       }
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err, d);
+             }
 
-       function hasInflightRequests(cache) {
-         return Object.keys(cache.inflight).length;
-       }
+             var key = d.issueKey;
+             var url = "".concat(_impOsmUrls[key], "/comment");
+             var payload = {
+               username: user.display_name,
+               targetIds: [d.identifier]
+             };
 
-       function abortUnwantedRequests$3(cache, visibleTiles) {
-         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
-           if (cache.toLoad[k]) return;
-           if (visibleTiles.find(function (tile) {
-             return k === tile.id;
-           })) return;
-           abortRequest$5(cache.inflight[k]);
-           delete cache.inflight[k];
-         });
-       }
+             if (d.newStatus) {
+               payload.status = d.newStatus;
+               payload.text = 'status changed';
+             } // Comment take place of default text
 
-       function getLoc(attrs) {
-         var lon = attrs.lon && attrs.lon.value;
-         var lat = attrs.lat && attrs.lat.value;
-         return [parseFloat(lon), parseFloat(lat)];
-       }
 
-       function getNodes(obj) {
-         var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('nd');
-         var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
+             if (d.newComment) {
+               payload.text = d.newComment;
+             }
 
-         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-           nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i].attributes.ref.value;
-         }
+             var controller = new AbortController();
+             _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id] = controller;
+             var options = {
+               method: 'POST',
+               signal: controller.signal,
+               body: JSON.stringify(payload)
+             };
+             d3_json(url, options).then(function () {
+               delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id]; // Just a comment, update error in cache
 
-         return nodes;
-       }
+               if (!d.newStatus) {
+                 var now = new Date();
+                 var comments = d.comments ? d.comments : [];
+                 comments.push({
+                   username: payload.username,
+                   text: payload.text,
+                   timestamp: now.getTime() / 1000
+                 });
 
-       function getNodesJSON(obj) {
-         var elems = obj.nodes;
-         var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
+                 _this3.replaceItem(d.update({
+                   comments: comments,
+                   newComment: undefined
+                 }));
+               } else {
+                 _this3.removeItem(d);
 
-         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-           nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i];
-         }
+                 if (d.newStatus === 'SOLVED') {
+                   // Keep track of the number of issues closed per type to tag the changeset
+                   if (!(d.issueKey in _cache$1.closed)) {
+                     _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] = 0;
+                   }
 
-         return nodes;
-       }
+                   _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] += 1;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function getTags(obj) {
-         var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('tag');
-         var tags = {};
+               if (callback) callback(null, d);
+             })["catch"](function (err) {
+               delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id];
+               if (callback) callback(err.message);
+             });
+           }
+         },
+         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
+         getItems: function getItems(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           return _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+         },
+         // Get a QAItem from cache
+         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
+         getError: function getError(id) {
+           return _cache$1.data[id];
+         },
+         // get the name of the icon to display for this item
+         getIcon: function getIcon(itemType) {
+           return _impOsmData.icons[itemType];
+         },
+         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
+         replaceItem: function replaceItem(issue) {
+           if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) return;
+           _cache$1.data[issue.id] = issue;
+           updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), true); // true = replace
 
-         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-           var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
-           tags[attrs.k.value] = attrs.v.value;
+           return issue;
+         },
+         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
+         removeItem: function removeItem(issue) {
+           if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) return;
+           delete _cache$1.data[issue.id];
+           updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), false); // false = remove
+         },
+         // Used to populate `closed:improveosm:*` changeset tags
+         getClosedCounts: function getClosedCounts() {
+           return _cache$1.closed;
          }
+       };
 
-         return tags;
-       }
+       var defaults$5 = {exports: {}};
 
-       function getMembers(obj) {
-         var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('member');
-         var members = new Array(elems.length);
+       function getDefaults$1() {
+         return {
+           baseUrl: null,
+           breaks: false,
+           gfm: true,
+           headerIds: true,
+           headerPrefix: '',
+           highlight: null,
+           langPrefix: 'language-',
+           mangle: true,
+           pedantic: false,
+           renderer: null,
+           sanitize: false,
+           sanitizer: null,
+           silent: false,
+           smartLists: false,
+           smartypants: false,
+           tokenizer: null,
+           walkTokens: null,
+           xhtml: false
+         };
+       }
+
+       function changeDefaults$1(newDefaults) {
+         defaults$5.exports.defaults = newDefaults;
+       }
+
+       defaults$5.exports = {
+         defaults: getDefaults$1(),
+         getDefaults: getDefaults$1,
+         changeDefaults: changeDefaults$1
+       };
 
-         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-           var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
-           members[i] = {
-             id: attrs.type.value[0] + attrs.ref.value,
-             type: attrs.type.value,
-             role: attrs.role.value
-           };
+       var escapeTest = /[&<>"']/;
+       var escapeReplace = /[&<>"']/g;
+       var escapeTestNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/;
+       var escapeReplaceNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/g;
+       var escapeReplacements = {
+         '&': '&amp;',
+         '<': '&lt;',
+         '>': '&gt;',
+         '"': '&quot;',
+         "'": '&#39;'
+       };
+
+       var getEscapeReplacement = function getEscapeReplacement(ch) {
+         return escapeReplacements[ch];
+       };
+
+       function escape$3(html, encode) {
+         if (encode) {
+           if (escapeTest.test(html)) {
+             return html.replace(escapeReplace, getEscapeReplacement);
+           }
+         } else {
+           if (escapeTestNoEncode.test(html)) {
+             return html.replace(escapeReplaceNoEncode, getEscapeReplacement);
+           }
          }
 
-         return members;
+         return html;
        }
 
-       function getMembersJSON(obj) {
-         var elems = obj.members;
-         var members = new Array(elems.length);
+       var unescapeTest = /&(#(?:\d+)|(?:#x[0-9A-Fa-f]+)|(?:\w+));?/ig;
 
-         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-           var attrs = elems[i];
-           members[i] = {
-             id: attrs.type[0] + attrs.ref,
-             type: attrs.type,
-             role: attrs.role
-           };
-         }
+       function unescape$2(html) {
+         // explicitly match decimal, hex, and named HTML entities
+         return html.replace(unescapeTest, function (_, n) {
+           n = n.toLowerCase();
+           if (n === 'colon') return ':';
 
-         return members;
-       }
+           if (n.charAt(0) === '#') {
+             return n.charAt(1) === 'x' ? String.fromCharCode(parseInt(n.substring(2), 16)) : String.fromCharCode(+n.substring(1));
+           }
 
-       function getVisible(attrs) {
-         return !attrs.visible || attrs.visible.value !== 'false';
+           return '';
+         });
        }
 
-       function parseComments(comments) {
-         var parsedComments = []; // for each comment
-
-         for (var i = 0; i < comments.length; i++) {
-           var comment = comments[i];
+       var caret = /(^|[^\[])\^/g;
 
-           if (comment.nodeName === 'comment') {
-             var childNodes = comment.childNodes;
-             var parsedComment = {};
+       function edit$1(regex, opt) {
+         regex = regex.source || regex;
+         opt = opt || '';
+         var obj = {
+           replace: function replace(name, val) {
+             val = val.source || val;
+             val = val.replace(caret, '$1');
+             regex = regex.replace(name, val);
+             return obj;
+           },
+           getRegex: function getRegex() {
+             return new RegExp(regex, opt);
+           }
+         };
+         return obj;
+       }
 
-             for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
-               var node = childNodes[j];
-               var nodeName = node.nodeName;
-               if (nodeName === '#text') continue;
-               parsedComment[nodeName] = node.textContent;
+       var nonWordAndColonTest = /[^\w:]/g;
+       var originIndependentUrl = /^$|^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:|^[?#]/i;
 
-               if (nodeName === 'uid') {
-                 var uid = node.textContent;
+       function cleanUrl$1(sanitize, base, href) {
+         if (sanitize) {
+           var prot;
 
-                 if (uid && !_userCache.user[uid]) {
-                   _userCache.toLoad[uid] = true;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+           try {
+             prot = decodeURIComponent(unescape$2(href)).replace(nonWordAndColonTest, '').toLowerCase();
+           } catch (e) {
+             return null;
+           }
 
-             if (parsedComment) {
-               parsedComments.push(parsedComment);
-             }
+           if (prot.indexOf('javascript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('vbscript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('data:') === 0) {
+             return null;
            }
          }
 
-         return parsedComments;
-       }
-
-       function encodeNoteRtree(note) {
-         return {
-           minX: note.loc[0],
-           minY: note.loc[1],
-           maxX: note.loc[0],
-           maxY: note.loc[1],
-           data: note
-         };
-       }
+         if (base && !originIndependentUrl.test(href)) {
+           href = resolveUrl$2(base, href);
+         }
 
-       var jsonparsers = {
-         node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
-           return new osmNode({
-             id: uid,
-             visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
-             version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
-             changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
-             timestamp: obj.timestamp,
-             user: obj.user,
-             uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
-             loc: [parseFloat(obj.lon), parseFloat(obj.lat)],
-             tags: obj.tags
-           });
-         },
-         way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
-           return new osmWay({
-             id: uid,
-             visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
-             version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
-             changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
-             timestamp: obj.timestamp,
-             user: obj.user,
-             uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
-             tags: obj.tags,
-             nodes: getNodesJSON(obj)
-           });
-         },
-         relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
-           return new osmRelation({
-             id: uid,
-             visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
-             version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
-             changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
-             timestamp: obj.timestamp,
-             user: obj.user,
-             uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
-             tags: obj.tags,
-             members: getMembersJSON(obj)
-           });
+         try {
+           href = encodeURI(href).replace(/%25/g, '%');
+         } catch (e) {
+           return null;
          }
-       };
 
-       function parseJSON(payload, callback, options) {
-         options = Object.assign({
-           skipSeen: true
-         }, options);
+         return href;
+       }
 
-         if (!payload) {
-           return callback({
-             message: 'No JSON',
-             status: -1
-           });
+       var baseUrls = {};
+       var justDomain = /^[^:]+:\/*[^/]*$/;
+       var protocol = /^([^:]+:)[\s\S]*$/;
+       var domain = /^([^:]+:\/*[^/]*)[\s\S]*$/;
+
+       function resolveUrl$2(base, href) {
+         if (!baseUrls[' ' + base]) {
+           // we can ignore everything in base after the last slash of its path component,
+           // but we might need to add _that_
+           // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3
+           if (justDomain.test(base)) {
+             baseUrls[' ' + base] = base + '/';
+           } else {
+             baseUrls[' ' + base] = rtrim$1(base, '/', true);
+           }
          }
 
-         var json = payload;
-         if (_typeof(json) !== 'object') json = JSON.parse(payload);
-         if (!json.elements) return callback({
-           message: 'No JSON',
-           status: -1
-         });
-         var children = json.elements;
-         var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-           var results = [];
-           var result;
+         base = baseUrls[' ' + base];
+         var relativeBase = base.indexOf(':') === -1;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-             result = parseChild(children[i]);
-             if (result) results.push(result);
+         if (href.substring(0, 2) === '//') {
+           if (relativeBase) {
+             return href;
            }
 
-           callback(null, results);
-         });
+           return base.replace(protocol, '$1') + href;
+         } else if (href.charAt(0) === '/') {
+           if (relativeBase) {
+             return href;
+           }
 
-         _deferred.add(handle);
+           return base.replace(domain, '$1') + href;
+         } else {
+           return base + href;
+         }
+       }
 
-         function parseChild(child) {
-           var parser = jsonparsers[child.type];
-           if (!parser) return null;
-           var uid;
-           uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.type, child.id);
+       var noopTest$1 = {
+         exec: function noopTest() {}
+       };
 
-           if (options.skipSeen) {
-             if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) return null; // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
+       function merge$2(obj) {
+         var i = 1,
+             target,
+             key;
 
-             _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
-           }
+         for (; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+           target = arguments[i];
 
-           return parser(child, uid);
+           for (key in target) {
+             if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(target, key)) {
+               obj[key] = target[key];
+             }
+           }
          }
+
+         return obj;
        }
 
-       var parsers = {
-         node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
-           var attrs = obj.attributes;
-           return new osmNode({
-             id: uid,
-             visible: getVisible(attrs),
-             version: attrs.version.value,
-             changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
-             timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
-             user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
-             uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
-             loc: getLoc(attrs),
-             tags: getTags(obj)
-           });
-         },
-         way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
-           var attrs = obj.attributes;
-           return new osmWay({
-             id: uid,
-             visible: getVisible(attrs),
-             version: attrs.version.value,
-             changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
-             timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
-             user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
-             uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
-             tags: getTags(obj),
-             nodes: getNodes(obj)
-           });
-         },
-         relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
-           var attrs = obj.attributes;
-           return new osmRelation({
-             id: uid,
-             visible: getVisible(attrs),
-             version: attrs.version.value,
-             changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
-             timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
-             user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
-             uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
-             tags: getTags(obj),
-             members: getMembers(obj)
-           });
-         },
-         note: function parseNote(obj, uid) {
-           var attrs = obj.attributes;
-           var childNodes = obj.childNodes;
-           var props = {};
-           props.id = uid;
-           props.loc = getLoc(attrs); // if notes are coincident, move them apart slightly
+       function splitCells$1(tableRow, count) {
+         // ensure that every cell-delimiting pipe has a space
+         // before it to distinguish it from an escaped pipe
+         var row = tableRow.replace(/\|/g, function (match, offset, str) {
+           var escaped = false,
+               curr = offset;
+
+           while (--curr >= 0 && str[curr] === '\\') {
+             escaped = !escaped;
+           }
+
+           if (escaped) {
+             // odd number of slashes means | is escaped
+             // so we leave it alone
+             return '|';
+           } else {
+             // add space before unescaped |
+             return ' |';
+           }
+         }),
+             cells = row.split(/ \|/);
+         var i = 0;
 
-           var coincident = false;
-           var epsilon = 0.00001;
+         if (cells.length > count) {
+           cells.splice(count);
+         } else {
+           while (cells.length < count) {
+             cells.push('');
+           }
+         }
 
-           do {
-             if (coincident) {
-               props.loc = geoVecAdd(props.loc, [epsilon, epsilon]);
-             }
+         for (; i < cells.length; i++) {
+           // leading or trailing whitespace is ignored per the gfm spec
+           cells[i] = cells[i].trim().replace(/\\\|/g, '|');
+         }
 
-             var bbox = geoExtent(props.loc).bbox();
-             coincident = _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
-           } while (coincident); // parse note contents
+         return cells;
+       } // Remove trailing 'c's. Equivalent to str.replace(/c*$/, '').
+       // /c*$/ is vulnerable to REDOS.
+       // invert: Remove suffix of non-c chars instead. Default falsey.
 
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < childNodes.length; i++) {
-             var node = childNodes[i];
-             var nodeName = node.nodeName;
-             if (nodeName === '#text') continue; // if the element is comments, parse the comments
+       function rtrim$1(str, c, invert) {
+         var l = str.length;
 
-             if (nodeName === 'comments') {
-               props[nodeName] = parseComments(node.childNodes);
-             } else {
-               props[nodeName] = node.textContent;
-             }
-           }
+         if (l === 0) {
+           return '';
+         } // Length of suffix matching the invert condition.
 
-           var note = new osmNote(props);
-           var item = encodeNoteRtree(note);
-           _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
 
-           _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);
+         var suffLen = 0; // Step left until we fail to match the invert condition.
 
-           return note;
-         },
-         user: function parseUser(obj, uid) {
-           var attrs = obj.attributes;
-           var user = {
-             id: uid,
-             display_name: attrs.display_name && attrs.display_name.value,
-             account_created: attrs.account_created && attrs.account_created.value,
-             changesets_count: '0',
-             active_blocks: '0'
-           };
-           var img = obj.getElementsByTagName('img');
+         while (suffLen < l) {
+           var currChar = str.charAt(l - suffLen - 1);
 
-           if (img && img[0] && img[0].getAttribute('href')) {
-             user.image_url = img[0].getAttribute('href');
+           if (currChar === c && !invert) {
+             suffLen++;
+           } else if (currChar !== c && invert) {
+             suffLen++;
+           } else {
+             break;
            }
+         }
 
-           var changesets = obj.getElementsByTagName('changesets');
+         return str.substr(0, l - suffLen);
+       }
 
-           if (changesets && changesets[0] && changesets[0].getAttribute('count')) {
-             user.changesets_count = changesets[0].getAttribute('count');
-           }
+       function findClosingBracket$1(str, b) {
+         if (str.indexOf(b[1]) === -1) {
+           return -1;
+         }
 
-           var blocks = obj.getElementsByTagName('blocks');
+         var l = str.length;
+         var level = 0,
+             i = 0;
 
-           if (blocks && blocks[0]) {
-             var received = blocks[0].getElementsByTagName('received');
+         for (; i < l; i++) {
+           if (str[i] === '\\') {
+             i++;
+           } else if (str[i] === b[0]) {
+             level++;
+           } else if (str[i] === b[1]) {
+             level--;
 
-             if (received && received[0] && received[0].getAttribute('active')) {
-               user.active_blocks = received[0].getAttribute('active');
+             if (level < 0) {
+               return i;
              }
            }
+         }
 
-           _userCache.user[uid] = user;
-           delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
-           return user;
+         return -1;
+       }
+
+       function checkSanitizeDeprecation$1(opt) {
+         if (opt && opt.sanitize && !opt.silent) {
+           console.warn('marked(): sanitize and sanitizer parameters are deprecated since version 0.7.0, should not be used and will be removed in the future. Read more here: https://marked.js.org/#/USING_ADVANCED.md#options');
          }
-       };
+       } // copied from https://stackoverflow.com/a/5450113/806777
 
-       function parseXML(xml, callback, options) {
-         options = Object.assign({
-           skipSeen: true
-         }, options);
 
-         if (!xml || !xml.childNodes) {
-           return callback({
-             message: 'No XML',
-             status: -1
-           });
+       function repeatString$1(pattern, count) {
+         if (count < 1) {
+           return '';
          }
 
-         var root = xml.childNodes[0];
-         var children = root.childNodes;
-         var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-           var results = [];
-           var result;
+         var result = '';
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-             result = parseChild(children[i]);
-             if (result) results.push(result);
+         while (count > 1) {
+           if (count & 1) {
+             result += pattern;
            }
 
-           callback(null, results);
-         });
+           count >>= 1;
+           pattern += pattern;
+         }
 
-         _deferred.add(handle);
+         return result + pattern;
+       }
 
-         function parseChild(child) {
-           var parser = parsers[child.nodeName];
-           if (!parser) return null;
-           var uid;
+       var helpers = {
+         escape: escape$3,
+         unescape: unescape$2,
+         edit: edit$1,
+         cleanUrl: cleanUrl$1,
+         resolveUrl: resolveUrl$2,
+         noopTest: noopTest$1,
+         merge: merge$2,
+         splitCells: splitCells$1,
+         rtrim: rtrim$1,
+         findClosingBracket: findClosingBracket$1,
+         checkSanitizeDeprecation: checkSanitizeDeprecation$1,
+         repeatString: repeatString$1
+       };
 
-           if (child.nodeName === 'user') {
-             uid = child.attributes.id.value;
+       var defaults$4 = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       var rtrim = helpers.rtrim,
+           splitCells = helpers.splitCells,
+           _escape = helpers.escape,
+           findClosingBracket = helpers.findClosingBracket;
 
-             if (options.skipSeen && _userCache.user[uid]) {
-               delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
-               return null;
-             }
-           } else if (child.nodeName === 'note') {
-             uid = child.getElementsByTagName('id')[0].textContent;
-           } else {
-             uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.nodeName, child.attributes.id.value);
+       function outputLink(cap, link, raw) {
+         var href = link.href;
+         var title = link.title ? _escape(link.title) : null;
+         var text = cap[1].replace(/\\([\[\]])/g, '$1');
 
-             if (options.skipSeen) {
-               if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) return null; // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
+         if (cap[0].charAt(0) !== '!') {
+           return {
+             type: 'link',
+             raw: raw,
+             href: href,
+             title: title,
+             text: text
+           };
+         } else {
+           return {
+             type: 'image',
+             raw: raw,
+             href: href,
+             title: title,
+             text: _escape(text)
+           };
+         }
+       }
 
-               _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
-             }
-           }
+       function indentCodeCompensation(raw, text) {
+         var matchIndentToCode = raw.match(/^(\s+)(?:```)/);
 
-           return parser(child, uid);
+         if (matchIndentToCode === null) {
+           return text;
          }
-       } // replace or remove note from rtree
-
 
-       function updateRtree$3(item, replace) {
-         _noteCache.rtree.remove(item, function isEql(a, b) {
-           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
-         });
+         var indentToCode = matchIndentToCode[1];
+         return text.split('\n').map(function (node) {
+           var matchIndentInNode = node.match(/^\s+/);
 
-         if (replace) {
-           _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);
-         }
-       }
+           if (matchIndentInNode === null) {
+             return node;
+           }
 
-       function wrapcb(thisArg, callback, cid) {
-         return function (err, result) {
-           if (err) {
-             // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
-             if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
-               thisArg.logout();
-             }
+           var _matchIndentInNode = _slicedToArray(matchIndentInNode, 1),
+               indentInNode = _matchIndentInNode[0];
 
-             return callback.call(thisArg, err);
-           } else if (thisArg.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
-             return callback.call(thisArg, {
-               message: 'Connection Switched',
-               status: -1
-             });
-           } else {
-             return callback.call(thisArg, err, result);
+           if (indentInNode.length >= indentToCode.length) {
+             return node.slice(indentToCode.length);
            }
-         };
+
+           return node;
+         }).join('\n');
        }
+       /**
+        * Tokenizer
+        */
 
-       var serviceOsm = {
-         init: function init() {
-           utilRebind(this, dispatch$6, 'on');
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
-             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
 
-             _deferred["delete"](handle);
-           });
-           _connectionID++;
-           _userChangesets = undefined;
-           _userDetails = undefined;
-           _rateLimitError = undefined;
-           Object.values(_tileCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$5);
-           Object.values(_noteCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$5);
-           Object.values(_noteCache.inflightPost).forEach(abortRequest$5);
-           if (_changeset.inflight) abortRequest$5(_changeset.inflight);
-           _tileCache = {
-             toLoad: {},
-             loaded: {},
-             inflight: {},
-             seen: {},
-             rtree: new RBush()
-           };
-           _noteCache = {
-             toLoad: {},
-             loaded: {},
-             inflight: {},
-             inflightPost: {},
-             note: {},
-             closed: {},
-             rtree: new RBush()
-           };
-           _userCache = {
-             toLoad: {},
-             user: {}
-           };
-           _cachedApiStatus = undefined;
-           _changeset = {};
-           return this;
-         },
-         getConnectionId: function getConnectionId() {
-           return _connectionID;
-         },
-         changesetURL: function changesetURL(changesetID) {
-           return urlroot + '/changeset/' + changesetID;
-         },
-         changesetsURL: function changesetsURL(center, zoom) {
-           var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
-           return urlroot + '/history#map=' + Math.floor(zoom) + '/' + center[1].toFixed(precision) + '/' + center[0].toFixed(precision);
-         },
-         entityURL: function entityURL(entity) {
-           return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId();
-         },
-         historyURL: function historyURL(entity) {
-           return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId() + '/history';
-         },
-         userURL: function userURL(username) {
-           return urlroot + '/user/' + username;
-         },
-         noteURL: function noteURL(note) {
-           return urlroot + '/note/' + note.id;
-         },
-         noteReportURL: function noteReportURL(note) {
-           return urlroot + '/reports/new?reportable_type=Note&reportable_id=' + note.id;
-         },
-         // Generic method to load data from the OSM API
-         // Can handle either auth or unauth calls.
-         loadFromAPI: function loadFromAPI(path, callback, options) {
-           options = Object.assign({
-             skipSeen: true
-           }, options);
-           var that = this;
-           var cid = _connectionID;
+       var Tokenizer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Tokenizer(options) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Tokenizer);
 
-           function done(err, payload) {
-             if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
-               if (callback) callback({
-                 message: 'Connection Switched',
-                 status: -1
-               });
-               return;
-             }
+           this.options = options || defaults$4;
+         }
 
-             var isAuthenticated = that.authenticated(); // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden
-             // Logout and retry the request..
+         _createClass$1(Tokenizer, [{
+           key: "space",
+           value: function space(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.newline.exec(src);
 
-             if (isAuthenticated && err && err.status && (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403)) {
-               that.logout();
-               that.loadFromAPI(path, callback, options); // else, no retry..
-             } else {
-               // 509 Bandwidth Limit Exceeded, 429 Too Many Requests
-               // Set the rateLimitError flag and trigger a warning..
-               if (!isAuthenticated && !_rateLimitError && err && err.status && (err.status === 509 || err.status === 429)) {
-                 _rateLimitError = err;
-                 dispatch$6.call('change');
-                 that.reloadApiStatus();
-               } else if (err && _cachedApiStatus === 'online' || !err && _cachedApiStatus !== 'online') {
-                 // If the response's error state doesn't match the status,
-                 // it's likely we lost or gained the connection so reload the status
-                 that.reloadApiStatus();
+             if (cap) {
+               if (cap[0].length > 1) {
+                 return {
+                   type: 'space',
+                   raw: cap[0]
+                 };
                }
 
-               if (callback) {
-                 if (err) {
-                   return callback(err);
-                 } else {
-                   if (path.indexOf('.json') !== -1) {
-                     return parseJSON(payload, callback, options);
-                   } else {
-                     return parseXML(payload, callback, options);
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
+               return {
+                 raw: '\n'
+               };
              }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "code",
+           value: function code(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.code.exec(src);
 
-           if (this.authenticated()) {
-             return oauth.xhr({
-               method: 'GET',
-               path: path
-             }, done);
-           } else {
-             var url = urlroot + path;
-             var controller = new AbortController();
-             d3_json(url, {
-               signal: controller.signal
-             }).then(function (data) {
-               done(null, data);
-             })["catch"](function (err) {
-               if (err.name === 'AbortError') return; // d3-fetch includes status in the error message,
-               // but we can't access the response itself
-               // https://github.com/d3/d3-fetch/issues/27
+             if (cap) {
+               var text = cap[0].replace(/^ {1,4}/gm, '');
+               return {
+                 type: 'code',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 codeBlockStyle: 'indented',
+                 text: !this.options.pedantic ? rtrim(text, '\n') : text
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "fences",
+           value: function fences(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.fences.exec(src);
 
-               var match = err.message.match(/^\d{3}/);
+             if (cap) {
+               var raw = cap[0];
+               var text = indentCodeCompensation(raw, cap[3] || '');
+               return {
+                 type: 'code',
+                 raw: raw,
+                 lang: cap[2] ? cap[2].trim() : cap[2],
+                 text: text
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "heading",
+           value: function heading(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.heading.exec(src);
 
-               if (match) {
-                 done({
-                   status: +match[0],
-                   statusText: err.message
-                 });
-               } else {
-                 done(err.message);
+             if (cap) {
+               var text = cap[2].trim(); // remove trailing #s
+
+               if (/#$/.test(text)) {
+                 var trimmed = rtrim(text, '#');
+
+                 if (this.options.pedantic) {
+                   text = trimmed.trim();
+                 } else if (!trimmed || / $/.test(trimmed)) {
+                   // CommonMark requires space before trailing #s
+                   text = trimmed.trim();
+                 }
                }
-             });
-             return controller;
+
+               return {
+                 type: 'heading',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 depth: cap[1].length,
+                 text: text
+               };
+             }
            }
-         },
-         // Load a single entity by id (ways and relations use the `/full` call)
-         // GET /api/0.6/node/#id
-         // GET /api/0.6/[way|relation]/#id/full
-         loadEntity: function loadEntity(id, callback) {
-           var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
-           var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
-           var options = {
-             skipSeen: false
-           };
-           this.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + (type !== 'node' ? '/full' : '') + '.json', function (err, entities) {
-             if (callback) callback(err, {
-               data: entities
-             });
-           }, options);
-         },
-         // Load a single entity with a specific version
-         // GET /api/0.6/[node|way|relation]/#id/#version
-         loadEntityVersion: function loadEntityVersion(id, version, callback) {
-           var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
-           var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
-           var options = {
-             skipSeen: false
-           };
-           this.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + '/' + version + '.json', function (err, entities) {
-             if (callback) callback(err, {
-               data: entities
-             });
-           }, options);
-         },
-         // Load multiple entities in chunks
-         // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
-         // Unlike `loadEntity`, child nodes and members are not fetched
-         // GET /api/0.6/[nodes|ways|relations]?#parameters
-         loadMultiple: function loadMultiple(ids, callback) {
-           var that = this;
-           var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(utilArrayUniq(ids), osmEntity.id.type);
-           Object.keys(groups).forEach(function (k) {
-             var type = k + 's'; // nodes, ways, relations
+         }, {
+           key: "nptable",
+           value: function nptable(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.nptable.exec(src);
 
-             var osmIDs = groups[k].map(function (id) {
-               return osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
-             });
-             var options = {
-               skipSeen: false
-             };
-             utilArrayChunk(osmIDs, 150).forEach(function (arr) {
-               that.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '.json?' + type + '=' + arr.join(), function (err, entities) {
-                 if (callback) callback(err, {
-                   data: entities
-                 });
-               }, options);
-             });
-           });
-         },
-         // Create, upload, and close a changeset
-         // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/create
-         // POST /api/0.6/changeset/#id/upload
-         // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/#id/close
-         putChangeset: function putChangeset(changeset, changes, callback) {
-           var cid = _connectionID;
+             if (cap) {
+               var item = {
+                 type: 'table',
+                 header: splitCells(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
+                 align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
+                 cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : [],
+                 raw: cap[0]
+               };
 
-           if (_changeset.inflight) {
-             return callback({
-               message: 'Changeset already inflight',
-               status: -2
-             }, changeset);
-           } else if (_changeset.open) {
-             // reuse existing open changeset..
-             return createdChangeset.call(this, null, _changeset.open);
-           } else {
-             // Open a new changeset..
-             var options = {
-               method: 'PUT',
-               path: '/api/0.6/changeset/create',
-               options: {
-                 header: {
-                   'Content-Type': 'text/xml'
+               if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
+                 var l = item.align.length;
+                 var i;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'right';
+                   } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'center';
+                   } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'left';
+                   } else {
+                     item.align[i] = null;
+                   }
                  }
-               },
-               content: JXON.stringify(changeset.asJXON())
-             };
-             _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(options, wrapcb(this, createdChangeset, cid));
+
+                 l = item.cells.length;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   item.cells[i] = splitCells(item.cells[i], item.header.length);
+                 }
+
+                 return item;
+               }
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "hr",
+           value: function hr(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.hr.exec(src);
 
-           function createdChangeset(err, changesetID) {
-             _changeset.inflight = null;
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'hr',
+                 raw: cap[0]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "blockquote",
+           value: function blockquote(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.blockquote.exec(src);
 
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err, changeset);
+             if (cap) {
+               var text = cap[0].replace(/^ *> ?/gm, '');
+               return {
+                 type: 'blockquote',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text
+               };
              }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "list",
+           value: function list(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.list.exec(src);
 
-             _changeset.open = changesetID;
-             changeset = changeset.update({
-               id: changesetID
-             }); // Upload the changeset..
+             if (cap) {
+               var raw = cap[0];
+               var bull = cap[2];
+               var isordered = bull.length > 1;
+               var list = {
+                 type: 'list',
+                 raw: raw,
+                 ordered: isordered,
+                 start: isordered ? +bull.slice(0, -1) : '',
+                 loose: false,
+                 items: []
+               }; // Get each top-level item.
 
-             var options = {
-               method: 'POST',
-               path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changesetID + '/upload',
-               options: {
-                 header: {
-                   'Content-Type': 'text/xml'
+               var itemMatch = cap[0].match(this.rules.block.item);
+               var next = false,
+                   item,
+                   space,
+                   bcurr,
+                   bnext,
+                   addBack,
+                   loose,
+                   istask,
+                   ischecked,
+                   endMatch;
+               var l = itemMatch.length;
+               bcurr = this.rules.block.listItemStart.exec(itemMatch[0]);
+
+               for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                 item = itemMatch[i];
+                 raw = item;
+
+                 if (!this.options.pedantic) {
+                   // Determine if current item contains the end of the list
+                   endMatch = item.match(new RegExp('\\n\\s*\\n {0,' + (bcurr[0].length - 1) + '}\\S'));
+
+                   if (endMatch) {
+                     addBack = item.length - endMatch.index + itemMatch.slice(i + 1).join('\n').length;
+                     list.raw = list.raw.substring(0, list.raw.length - addBack);
+                     item = item.substring(0, endMatch.index);
+                     raw = item;
+                     l = i + 1;
+                   }
+                 } // Determine whether the next list item belongs here.
+                 // Backpedal if it does not belong in this list.
+
+
+                 if (i !== l - 1) {
+                   bnext = this.rules.block.listItemStart.exec(itemMatch[i + 1]);
+
+                   if (!this.options.pedantic ? bnext[1].length >= bcurr[0].length || bnext[1].length > 3 : bnext[1].length > bcurr[1].length) {
+                     // nested list or continuation
+                     itemMatch.splice(i, 2, itemMatch[i] + (!this.options.pedantic && bnext[1].length < bcurr[0].length && !itemMatch[i].match(/\n$/) ? '' : '\n') + itemMatch[i + 1]);
+                     i--;
+                     l--;
+                     continue;
+                   } else if ( // different bullet style
+                   !this.options.pedantic || this.options.smartLists ? bnext[2][bnext[2].length - 1] !== bull[bull.length - 1] : isordered === (bnext[2].length === 1)) {
+                     addBack = itemMatch.slice(i + 1).join('\n').length;
+                     list.raw = list.raw.substring(0, list.raw.length - addBack);
+                     i = l - 1;
+                   }
+
+                   bcurr = bnext;
+                 } // Remove the list item's bullet
+                 // so it is seen as the next token.
+
+
+                 space = item.length;
+                 item = item.replace(/^ *([*+-]|\d+[.)]) ?/, ''); // Outdent whatever the
+                 // list item contains. Hacky.
+
+                 if (~item.indexOf('\n ')) {
+                   space -= item.length;
+                   item = !this.options.pedantic ? item.replace(new RegExp('^ {1,' + space + '}', 'gm'), '') : item.replace(/^ {1,4}/gm, '');
+                 } // trim item newlines at end
+
+
+                 item = rtrim(item, '\n');
+
+                 if (i !== l - 1) {
+                   raw = raw + '\n';
+                 } // Determine whether item is loose or not.
+                 // Use: /(^|\n)(?! )[^\n]+\n\n(?!\s*$)/
+                 // for discount behavior.
+
+
+                 loose = next || /\n\n(?!\s*$)/.test(raw);
+
+                 if (i !== l - 1) {
+                   next = raw.slice(-2) === '\n\n';
+                   if (!loose) loose = next;
                  }
-               },
-               content: JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes))
-             };
-             _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(options, wrapcb(this, uploadedChangeset, cid));
-           }
 
-           function uploadedChangeset(err) {
-             _changeset.inflight = null;
-             if (err) return callback(err, changeset); // Upload was successful, safe to call the callback.
-             // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
+                 if (loose) {
+                   list.loose = true;
+                 } // Check for task list items
 
-             window.setTimeout(function () {
-               callback(null, changeset);
-             }, 2500);
-             _changeset.open = null; // At this point, we don't really care if the connection was switched..
-             // Only try to close the changeset if we're still talking to the same server.
 
-             if (this.getConnectionId() === cid) {
-               // Still attempt to close changeset, but ignore response because #2667
-               oauth.xhr({
-                 method: 'PUT',
-                 path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changeset.id + '/close',
-                 options: {
-                   header: {
-                     'Content-Type': 'text/xml'
+                 if (this.options.gfm) {
+                   istask = /^\[[ xX]\] /.test(item);
+                   ischecked = undefined;
+
+                   if (istask) {
+                     ischecked = item[1] !== ' ';
+                     item = item.replace(/^\[[ xX]\] +/, '');
                    }
                  }
-               }, function () {
-                 return true;
-               });
+
+                 list.items.push({
+                   type: 'list_item',
+                   raw: raw,
+                   task: istask,
+                   checked: ischecked,
+                   loose: loose,
+                   text: item
+                 });
+               }
+
+               return list;
              }
            }
-         },
-         // Load multiple users in chunks
-         // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
-         // GET /api/0.6/users?users=#id1,#id2,...,#idn
-         loadUsers: function loadUsers(uids, callback) {
-           var toLoad = [];
-           var cached = [];
-           utilArrayUniq(uids).forEach(function (uid) {
-             if (_userCache.user[uid]) {
-               delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
-               cached.push(_userCache.user[uid]);
-             } else {
-               toLoad.push(uid);
-             }
-           });
+         }, {
+           key: "html",
+           value: function html(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.html.exec(src);
 
-           if (cached.length || !this.authenticated()) {
-             callback(undefined, cached);
-             if (!this.authenticated()) return; // require auth
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: this.options.sanitize ? 'paragraph' : 'html',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 pre: !this.options.sanitizer && (cap[1] === 'pre' || cap[1] === 'script' || cap[1] === 'style'),
+                 text: this.options.sanitize ? this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : _escape(cap[0]) : cap[0]
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "def",
+           value: function def(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.def.exec(src);
 
-           utilArrayChunk(toLoad, 150).forEach(function (arr) {
-             oauth.xhr({
-               method: 'GET',
-               path: '/api/0.6/users?users=' + arr.join()
-             }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
-           }.bind(this));
-
-           function done(err, xml) {
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err);
+             if (cap) {
+               if (cap[3]) cap[3] = cap[3].substring(1, cap[3].length - 1);
+               var tag = cap[1].toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
+               return {
+                 type: 'def',
+                 tag: tag,
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 href: cap[2],
+                 title: cap[3]
+               };
              }
-
-             var options = {
-               skipSeen: true
-             };
-             return parseXML(xml, function (err, results) {
-               if (err) {
-                 return callback(err);
-               } else {
-                 return callback(undefined, results);
-               }
-             }, options);
-           }
-         },
-         // Load a given user by id
-         // GET /api/0.6/user/#id
-         loadUser: function loadUser(uid, callback) {
-           if (_userCache.user[uid] || !this.authenticated()) {
-             // require auth
-             delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
-             return callback(undefined, _userCache.user[uid]);
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "table",
+           value: function table(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.table.exec(src);
 
-           oauth.xhr({
-             method: 'GET',
-             path: '/api/0.6/user/' + uid
-           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
+             if (cap) {
+               var item = {
+                 type: 'table',
+                 header: splitCells(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
+                 align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
+                 cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : []
+               };
 
-           function done(err, xml) {
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err);
-             }
+               if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
+                 item.raw = cap[0];
+                 var l = item.align.length;
+                 var i;
 
-             var options = {
-               skipSeen: true
-             };
-             return parseXML(xml, function (err, results) {
-               if (err) {
-                 return callback(err);
-               } else {
-                 return callback(undefined, results[0]);
-               }
-             }, options);
-           }
-         },
-         // Load the details of the logged-in user
-         // GET /api/0.6/user/details
-         userDetails: function userDetails(callback) {
-           if (_userDetails) {
-             // retrieve cached
-             return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
-           }
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'right';
+                   } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'center';
+                   } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'left';
+                   } else {
+                     item.align[i] = null;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           oauth.xhr({
-             method: 'GET',
-             path: '/api/0.6/user/details'
-           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
+                 l = item.cells.length;
 
-           function done(err, xml) {
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err);
-             }
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   item.cells[i] = splitCells(item.cells[i].replace(/^ *\| *| *\| *$/g, ''), item.header.length);
+                 }
 
-             var options = {
-               skipSeen: false
-             };
-             return parseXML(xml, function (err, results) {
-               if (err) {
-                 return callback(err);
-               } else {
-                 _userDetails = results[0];
-                 return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
+                 return item;
                }
-             }, options);
-           }
-         },
-         // Load previous changesets for the logged in user
-         // GET /api/0.6/changesets?user=#id
-         userChangesets: function userChangesets(callback) {
-           if (_userChangesets) {
-             // retrieve cached
-             return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "lheading",
+           value: function lheading(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.lheading.exec(src);
 
-           this.userDetails(wrapcb(this, gotDetails, _connectionID));
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'heading',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 depth: cap[2].charAt(0) === '=' ? 1 : 2,
+                 text: cap[1]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "paragraph",
+           value: function paragraph(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.paragraph.exec(src);
 
-           function gotDetails(err, user) {
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err);
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'paragraph',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: cap[1].charAt(cap[1].length - 1) === '\n' ? cap[1].slice(0, -1) : cap[1]
+               };
              }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "text",
+           value: function text(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.text.exec(src);
 
-             oauth.xhr({
-               method: 'GET',
-               path: '/api/0.6/changesets?user=' + user.id
-             }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'text',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: cap[0]
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "escape",
+           value: function escape(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.escape.exec(src);
 
-           function done(err, xml) {
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err);
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'escape',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: _escape(cap[1])
+               };
              }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "tag",
+           value: function tag(src, inLink, inRawBlock) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.tag.exec(src);
+
+             if (cap) {
+               if (!inLink && /^<a /i.test(cap[0])) {
+                 inLink = true;
+               } else if (inLink && /^<\/a>/i.test(cap[0])) {
+                 inLink = false;
+               }
+
+               if (!inRawBlock && /^<(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
+                 inRawBlock = true;
+               } else if (inRawBlock && /^<\/(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
+                 inRawBlock = false;
+               }
 
-             _userChangesets = Array.prototype.map.call(xml.getElementsByTagName('changeset'), function (changeset) {
                return {
-                 tags: getTags(changeset)
+                 type: this.options.sanitize ? 'text' : 'html',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 inLink: inLink,
+                 inRawBlock: inRawBlock,
+                 text: this.options.sanitize ? this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : _escape(cap[0]) : cap[0]
                };
-             }).filter(function (changeset) {
-               var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
-               return comment && comment !== '';
-             });
-             return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
+             }
            }
-         },
-         // Fetch the status of the OSM API
-         // GET /api/capabilities
-         status: function status(callback) {
-           var url = urlroot + '/api/capabilities';
-           var errback = wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID);
-           d3_xml(url).then(function (data) {
-             errback(null, data);
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             errback(err.message);
-           });
+         }, {
+           key: "link",
+           value: function link(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.link.exec(src);
 
-           function done(err, xml) {
-             if (err) {
-               // the status is null if no response could be retrieved
-               return callback(err, null);
-             } // update blocklists
+             if (cap) {
+               var trimmedUrl = cap[2].trim();
 
+               if (!this.options.pedantic && /^</.test(trimmedUrl)) {
+                 // commonmark requires matching angle brackets
+                 if (!/>$/.test(trimmedUrl)) {
+                   return;
+                 } // ending angle bracket cannot be escaped
 
-             var elements = xml.getElementsByTagName('blacklist');
-             var regexes = [];
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
-               var regexString = elements[i].getAttribute('regex'); // needs unencode?
+                 var rtrimSlash = rtrim(trimmedUrl.slice(0, -1), '\\');
 
-               if (regexString) {
-                 try {
-                   var regex = new RegExp(regexString);
-                   regexes.push(regex);
-                 } catch (e) {
-                   /* noop */
+                 if ((trimmedUrl.length - rtrimSlash.length) % 2 === 0) {
+                   return;
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 // find closing parenthesis
+                 var lastParenIndex = findClosingBracket(cap[2], '()');
+
+                 if (lastParenIndex > -1) {
+                   var start = cap[0].indexOf('!') === 0 ? 5 : 4;
+                   var linkLen = start + cap[1].length + lastParenIndex;
+                   cap[2] = cap[2].substring(0, lastParenIndex);
+                   cap[0] = cap[0].substring(0, linkLen).trim();
+                   cap[3] = '';
                  }
                }
-             }
 
-             if (regexes.length) {
-               _imageryBlocklists = regexes;
-             }
+               var href = cap[2];
+               var title = '';
 
-             if (_rateLimitError) {
-               return callback(_rateLimitError, 'rateLimited');
-             } else {
-               var waynodes = xml.getElementsByTagName('waynodes');
-               var maxWayNodes = waynodes.length && parseInt(waynodes[0].getAttribute('maximum'), 10);
-               if (maxWayNodes && isFinite(maxWayNodes)) _maxWayNodes = maxWayNodes;
-               var apiStatus = xml.getElementsByTagName('status');
-               var val = apiStatus[0].getAttribute('api');
-               return callback(undefined, val);
+               if (this.options.pedantic) {
+                 // split pedantic href and title
+                 var link = /^([^'"]*[^\s])\s+(['"])(.*)\2/.exec(href);
+
+                 if (link) {
+                   href = link[1];
+                   title = link[3];
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 title = cap[3] ? cap[3].slice(1, -1) : '';
+               }
+
+               href = href.trim();
+
+               if (/^</.test(href)) {
+                 if (this.options.pedantic && !/>$/.test(trimmedUrl)) {
+                   // pedantic allows starting angle bracket without ending angle bracket
+                   href = href.slice(1);
+                 } else {
+                   href = href.slice(1, -1);
+                 }
+               }
+
+               return outputLink(cap, {
+                 href: href ? href.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : href,
+                 title: title ? title.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : title
+               }, cap[0]);
              }
            }
-         },
-         // Calls `status` and dispatches an `apiStatusChange` event if the returned
-         // status differs from the cached status.
-         reloadApiStatus: function reloadApiStatus() {
-           // throttle to avoid unnecessary API calls
-           if (!this.throttledReloadApiStatus) {
-             var that = this;
-             this.throttledReloadApiStatus = throttle(function () {
-               that.status(function (err, status) {
-                 if (status !== _cachedApiStatus) {
-                   _cachedApiStatus = status;
-                   dispatch$6.call('apiStatusChange', that, err, status);
-                 }
-               });
-             }, 500);
+         }, {
+           key: "reflink",
+           value: function reflink(src, links) {
+             var cap;
+
+             if ((cap = this.rules.inline.reflink.exec(src)) || (cap = this.rules.inline.nolink.exec(src))) {
+               var link = (cap[2] || cap[1]).replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
+               link = links[link.toLowerCase()];
+
+               if (!link || !link.href) {
+                 var text = cap[0].charAt(0);
+                 return {
+                   type: 'text',
+                   raw: text,
+                   text: text
+                 };
+               }
+
+               return outputLink(cap, link, cap[0]);
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "emStrong",
+           value: function emStrong(src, maskedSrc) {
+             var prevChar = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : '';
+             var match = this.rules.inline.emStrong.lDelim.exec(src);
+             if (!match) return; // _ can't be between two alphanumerics. \p{L}\p{N} includes non-english alphabet/numbers as well
 
-           this.throttledReloadApiStatus();
-         },
-         // Returns the maximum number of nodes a single way can have
-         maxWayNodes: function maxWayNodes() {
-           return _maxWayNodes;
-         },
-         // Load data (entities) from the API in tiles
-         // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
-         loadTiles: function loadTiles(projection, callback) {
-           if (_off) return; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
+             if (match[3] && prevChar.match(/(?:[0-9A-Za-z\xAA\xB2\xB3\xB5\xB9\xBA\xBC-\xBE\xC0-\xD6\xD8-\xF6\xF8-\u02C1\u02C6-\u02D1\u02E0-\u02E4\u02EC\u02EE\u0370-\u0374\u0376\u0377\u037A-\u037D\u037F\u0386\u0388-\u038A\u038C\u038E-\u03A1\u03A3-\u03F5\u03F7-\u0481\u048A-\u052F\u0531-\u0556\u0559\u0560-\u0588\u05D0-\u05EA\u05EF-\u05F2\u0620-\u064A\u0660-\u0669\u066E\u066F\u0671-\u06D3\u06D5\u06E5\u06E6\u06EE-\u06FC\u06FF\u0710\u0712-\u072F\u074D-\u07A5\u07B1\u07C0-\u07EA\u07F4\u07F5\u07FA\u0800-\u0815\u081A\u0824\u0828\u0840-\u0858\u0860-\u086A\u08A0-\u08B4\u08B6-\u08C7\u0904-\u0939\u093D\u0950\u0958-\u0961\u0966-\u096F\u0971-\u0980\u0985-\u098C\u098F\u0990\u0993-\u09A8\u09AA-\u09B0\u09B2\u09B6-\u09B9\u09BD\u09CE\u09DC\u09DD\u09DF-\u09E1\u09E6-\u09F1\u09F4-\u09F9\u09FC\u0A05-\u0A0A\u0A0F\u0A10\u0A13-\u0A28\u0A2A-\u0A30\u0A32\u0A33\u0A35\u0A36\u0A38\u0A39\u0A59-\u0A5C\u0A5E\u0A66-\u0A6F\u0A72-\u0A74\u0A85-\u0A8D\u0A8F-\u0A91\u0A93-\u0AA8\u0AAA-\u0AB0\u0AB2\u0AB3\u0AB5-\u0AB9\u0ABD\u0AD0\u0AE0\u0AE1\u0AE6-\u0AEF\u0AF9\u0B05-\u0B0C\u0B0F\u0B10\u0B13-\u0B28\u0B2A-\u0B30\u0B32\u0B33\u0B35-\u0B39\u0B3D\u0B5C\u0B5D\u0B5F-\u0B61\u0B66-\u0B6F\u0B71-\u0B77\u0B83\u0B85-\u0B8A\u0B8E-\u0B90\u0B92-\u0B95\u0B99\u0B9A\u0B9C\u0B9E\u0B9F\u0BA3\u0BA4\u0BA8-\u0BAA\u0BAE-\u0BB9\u0BD0\u0BE6-\u0BF2\u0C05-\u0C0C\u0C0E-\u0C10\u0C12-\u0C28\u0C2A-\u0C39\u0C3D\u0C58-\u0C5A\u0C60\u0C61\u0C66-\u0C6F\u0C78-\u0C7E\u0C80\u0C85-\u0C8C\u0C8E-\u0C90\u0C92-\u0CA8\u0CAA-\u0CB3\u0CB5-\u0CB9\u0CBD\u0CDE\u0CE0\u0CE1\u0CE6-\u0CEF\u0CF1\u0CF2\u0D04-\u0D0C\u0D0E-\u0D10\u0D12-\u0D3A\u0D3D\u0D4E\u0D54-\u0D56\u0D58-\u0D61\u0D66-\u0D78\u0D7A-\u0D7F\u0D85-\u0D96\u0D9A-\u0DB1\u0DB3-\u0DBB\u0DBD\u0DC0-\u0DC6\u0DE6-\u0DEF\u0E01-\u0E30\u0E32\u0E33\u0E40-\u0E46\u0E50-\u0E59\u0E81\u0E82\u0E84\u0E86-\u0E8A\u0E8C-\u0EA3\u0EA5\u0EA7-\u0EB0\u0EB2\u0EB3\u0EBD\u0EC0-\u0EC4\u0EC6\u0ED0-\u0ED9\u0EDC-\u0EDF\u0F00\u0F20-\u0F33\u0F40-\u0F47\u0F49-\u0F6C\u0F88-\u0F8C\u1000-\u102A\u103F-\u1049\u1050-\u1055\u105A-\u105D\u1061\u1065\u1066\u106E-\u1070\u1075-\u1081\u108E\u1090-\u1099\u10A0-\u10C5\u10C7\u10CD\u10D0-\u10FA\u10FC-\u1248\u124A-\u124D\u1250-\u1256\u1258\u125A-\u125D\u1260-\u1288\u128A-\u128D\u1290-\u12B0\u12B2-\u12B5\u12B8-\u12BE\u12C0\u12C2-\u12C5\u12C8-\u12D6\u12D8-\u1310\u1312-\u1315\u1318-\u135A\u1369-\u137C\u1380-\u138F\u13A0-\u13F5\u13F8-\u13FD\u1401-\u166C\u166F-\u167F\u1681-\u169A\u16A0-\u16EA\u16EE-\u16F8\u1700-\u170C\u170E-\u1711\u1720-\u1731\u1740-\u1751\u1760-\u176C\u176E-\u1770\u1780-\u17B3\u17D7\u17DC\u17E0-\u17E9\u17F0-\u17F9\u1810-\u1819\u1820-\u1878\u1880-\u1884\u1887-\u18A8\u18AA\u18B0-\u18F5\u1900-\u191E\u1946-\u196D\u1970-\u1974\u1980-\u19AB\u19B0-\u19C9\u19D0-\u19DA\u1A00-\u1A16\u1A20-\u1A54\u1A80-\u1A89\u1A90-\u1A99\u1AA7\u1B05-\u1B33\u1B45-\u1B4B\u1B50-\u1B59\u1B83-\u1BA0\u1BAE-\u1BE5\u1C00-\u1C23\u1C40-\u1C49\u1C4D-\u1C7D\u1C80-\u1C88\u1C90-\u1CBA\u1CBD-\u1CBF\u1CE9-\u1CEC\u1CEE-\u1CF3\u1CF5\u1CF6\u1CFA\u1D00-\u1DBF\u1E00-\u1F15\u1F18-\u1F1D\u1F20-\u1F45\u1F48-\u1F4D\u1F50-\u1F57\u1F59\u1F5B\u1F5D\u1F5F-\u1F7D\u1F80-\u1FB4\u1FB6-\u1FBC\u1FBE\u1FC2-\u1FC4\u1FC6-\u1FCC\u1FD0-\u1FD3\u1FD6-\u1FDB\u1FE0-\u1FEC\u1FF2-\u1FF4\u1FF6-\u1FFC\u2070\u2071\u2074-\u2079\u207F-\u2089\u2090-\u209C\u2102\u2107\u210A-\u2113\u2115\u2119-\u211D\u2124\u2126\u2128\u212A-\u212D\u212F-\u2139\u213C-\u213F\u2145-\u2149\u214E\u2150-\u2189\u2460-\u249B\u24EA-\u24FF\u2776-\u2793\u2C00-\u2C2E\u2C30-\u2C5E\u2C60-\u2CE4\u2CEB-\u2CEE\u2CF2\u2CF3\u2CFD\u2D00-\u2D25\u2D27\u2D2D\u2D30-\u2D67\u2D6F\u2D80-\u2D96\u2DA0-\u2DA6\u2DA8-\u2DAE\u2DB0-\u2DB6\u2DB8-\u2DBE\u2DC0-\u2DC6\u2DC8-\u2DCE\u2DD0-\u2DD6\u2DD8-\u2DDE\u2E2F\u3005-\u3007\u3021-\u3029\u3031-\u3035\u3038-\u303C\u3041-\u3096\u309D-\u309F\u30A1-\u30FA\u30FC-\u30FF\u3105-\u312F\u3131-\u318E\u3192-\u3195\u31A0-\u31BF\u31F0-\u31FF\u3220-\u3229\u3248-\u324F\u3251-\u325F\u3280-\u3289\u32B1-\u32BF\u3400-\u4DBF\u4E00-\u9FFC\uA000-\uA48C\uA4D0-\uA4FD\uA500-\uA60C\uA610-\uA62B\uA640-\uA66E\uA67F-\uA69D\uA6A0-\uA6EF\uA717-\uA71F\uA722-\uA788\uA78B-\uA7BF\uA7C2-\uA7CA\uA7F5-\uA801\uA803-\uA805\uA807-\uA80A\uA80C-\uA822\uA830-\uA835\uA840-\uA873\uA882-\uA8B3\uA8D0-\uA8D9\uA8F2-\uA8F7\uA8FB\uA8FD\uA8FE\uA900-\uA925\uA930-\uA946\uA960-\uA97C\uA984-\uA9B2\uA9CF-\uA9D9\uA9E0-\uA9E4\uA9E6-\uA9FE\uAA00-\uAA28\uAA40-\uAA42\uAA44-\uAA4B\uAA50-\uAA59\uAA60-\uAA76\uAA7A\uAA7E-\uAAAF\uAAB1\uAAB5\uAAB6\uAAB9-\uAABD\uAAC0\uAAC2\uAADB-\uAADD\uAAE0-\uAAEA\uAAF2-\uAAF4\uAB01-\uAB06\uAB09-\uAB0E\uAB11-\uAB16\uAB20-\uAB26\uAB28-\uAB2E\uAB30-\uAB5A\uAB5C-\uAB69\uAB70-\uABE2\uABF0-\uABF9\uAC00-\uD7A3\uD7B0-\uD7C6\uD7CB-\uD7FB\uF900-\uFA6D\uFA70-\uFAD9\uFB00-\uFB06\uFB13-\uFB17\uFB1D\uFB1F-\uFB28\uFB2A-\uFB36\uFB38-\uFB3C\uFB3E\uFB40\uFB41\uFB43\uFB44\uFB46-\uFBB1\uFBD3-\uFD3D\uFD50-\uFD8F\uFD92-\uFDC7\uFDF0-\uFDFB\uFE70-\uFE74\uFE76-\uFEFC\uFF10-\uFF19\uFF21-\uFF3A\uFF41-\uFF5A\uFF66-\uFFBE\uFFC2-\uFFC7\uFFCA-\uFFCF\uFFD2-\uFFD7\uFFDA-\uFFDC]|\uD800[\uDC00-\uDC0B\uDC0D-\uDC26\uDC28-\uDC3A\uDC3C\uDC3D\uDC3F-\uDC4D\uDC50-\uDC5D\uDC80-\uDCFA\uDD07-\uDD33\uDD40-\uDD78\uDD8A\uDD8B\uDE80-\uDE9C\uDEA0-\uDED0\uDEE1-\uDEFB\uDF00-\uDF23\uDF2D-\uDF4A\uDF50-\uDF75\uDF80-\uDF9D\uDFA0-\uDFC3\uDFC8-\uDFCF\uDFD1-\uDFD5]|\uD801[\uDC00-\uDC9D\uDCA0-\uDCA9\uDCB0-\uDCD3\uDCD8-\uDCFB\uDD00-\uDD27\uDD30-\uDD63\uDE00-\uDF36\uDF40-\uDF55\uDF60-\uDF67]|\uD802[\uDC00-\uDC05\uDC08\uDC0A-\uDC35\uDC37\uDC38\uDC3C\uDC3F-\uDC55\uDC58-\uDC76\uDC79-\uDC9E\uDCA7-\uDCAF\uDCE0-\uDCF2\uDCF4\uDCF5\uDCFB-\uDD1B\uDD20-\uDD39\uDD80-\uDDB7\uDDBC-\uDDCF\uDDD2-\uDE00\uDE10-\uDE13\uDE15-\uDE17\uDE19-\uDE35\uDE40-\uDE48\uDE60-\uDE7E\uDE80-\uDE9F\uDEC0-\uDEC7\uDEC9-\uDEE4\uDEEB-\uDEEF\uDF00-\uDF35\uDF40-\uDF55\uDF58-\uDF72\uDF78-\uDF91\uDFA9-\uDFAF]|\uD803[\uDC00-\uDC48\uDC80-\uDCB2\uDCC0-\uDCF2\uDCFA-\uDD23\uDD30-\uDD39\uDE60-\uDE7E\uDE80-\uDEA9\uDEB0\uDEB1\uDF00-\uDF27\uDF30-\uDF45\uDF51-\uDF54\uDFB0-\uDFCB\uDFE0-\uDFF6]|\uD804[\uDC03-\uDC37\uDC52-\uDC6F\uDC83-\uDCAF\uDCD0-\uDCE8\uDCF0-\uDCF9\uDD03-\uDD26\uDD36-\uDD3F\uDD44\uDD47\uDD50-\uDD72\uDD76\uDD83-\uDDB2\uDDC1-\uDDC4\uDDD0-\uDDDA\uDDDC\uDDE1-\uDDF4\uDE00-\uDE11\uDE13-\uDE2B\uDE80-\uDE86\uDE88\uDE8A-\uDE8D\uDE8F-\uDE9D\uDE9F-\uDEA8\uDEB0-\uDEDE\uDEF0-\uDEF9\uDF05-\uDF0C\uDF0F\uDF10\uDF13-\uDF28\uDF2A-\uDF30\uDF32\uDF33\uDF35-\uDF39\uDF3D\uDF50\uDF5D-\uDF61]|\uD805[\uDC00-\uDC34\uDC47-\uDC4A\uDC50-\uDC59\uDC5F-\uDC61\uDC80-\uDCAF\uDCC4\uDCC5\uDCC7\uDCD0-\uDCD9\uDD80-\uDDAE\uDDD8-\uDDDB\uDE00-\uDE2F\uDE44\uDE50-\uDE59\uDE80-\uDEAA\uDEB8\uDEC0-\uDEC9\uDF00-\uDF1A\uDF30-\uDF3B]|\uD806[\uDC00-\uDC2B\uDCA0-\uDCF2\uDCFF-\uDD06\uDD09\uDD0C-\uDD13\uDD15\uDD16\uDD18-\uDD2F\uDD3F\uDD41\uDD50-\uDD59\uDDA0-\uDDA7\uDDAA-\uDDD0\uDDE1\uDDE3\uDE00\uDE0B-\uDE32\uDE3A\uDE50\uDE5C-\uDE89\uDE9D\uDEC0-\uDEF8]|\uD807[\uDC00-\uDC08\uDC0A-\uDC2E\uDC40\uDC50-\uDC6C\uDC72-\uDC8F\uDD00-\uDD06\uDD08\uDD09\uDD0B-\uDD30\uDD46\uDD50-\uDD59\uDD60-\uDD65\uDD67\uDD68\uDD6A-\uDD89\uDD98\uDDA0-\uDDA9\uDEE0-\uDEF2\uDFB0\uDFC0-\uDFD4]|\uD808[\uDC00-\uDF99]|\uD809[\uDC00-\uDC6E\uDC80-\uDD43]|[\uD80C\uD81C-\uD820\uD822\uD840-\uD868\uD86A-\uD86C\uD86F-\uD872\uD874-\uD879\uD880-\uD883][\uDC00-\uDFFF]|\uD80D[\uDC00-\uDC2E]|\uD811[\uDC00-\uDE46]|\uD81A[\uDC00-\uDE38\uDE40-\uDE5E\uDE60-\uDE69\uDED0-\uDEED\uDF00-\uDF2F\uDF40-\uDF43\uDF50-\uDF59\uDF5B-\uDF61\uDF63-\uDF77\uDF7D-\uDF8F]|\uD81B[\uDE40-\uDE96\uDF00-\uDF4A\uDF50\uDF93-\uDF9F\uDFE0\uDFE1\uDFE3]|\uD821[\uDC00-\uDFF7]|\uD823[\uDC00-\uDCD5\uDD00-\uDD08]|\uD82C[\uDC00-\uDD1E\uDD50-\uDD52\uDD64-\uDD67\uDD70-\uDEFB]|\uD82F[\uDC00-\uDC6A\uDC70-\uDC7C\uDC80-\uDC88\uDC90-\uDC99]|\uD834[\uDEE0-\uDEF3\uDF60-\uDF78]|\uD835[\uDC00-\uDC54\uDC56-\uDC9C\uDC9E\uDC9F\uDCA2\uDCA5\uDCA6\uDCA9-\uDCAC\uDCAE-\uDCB9\uDCBB\uDCBD-\uDCC3\uDCC5-\uDD05\uDD07-\uDD0A\uDD0D-\uDD14\uDD16-\uDD1C\uDD1E-\uDD39\uDD3B-\uDD3E\uDD40-\uDD44\uDD46\uDD4A-\uDD50\uDD52-\uDEA5\uDEA8-\uDEC0\uDEC2-\uDEDA\uDEDC-\uDEFA\uDEFC-\uDF14\uDF16-\uDF34\uDF36-\uDF4E\uDF50-\uDF6E\uDF70-\uDF88\uDF8A-\uDFA8\uDFAA-\uDFC2\uDFC4-\uDFCB\uDFCE-\uDFFF]|\uD838[\uDD00-\uDD2C\uDD37-\uDD3D\uDD40-\uDD49\uDD4E\uDEC0-\uDEEB\uDEF0-\uDEF9]|\uD83A[\uDC00-\uDCC4\uDCC7-\uDCCF\uDD00-\uDD43\uDD4B\uDD50-\uDD59]|\uD83B[\uDC71-\uDCAB\uDCAD-\uDCAF\uDCB1-\uDCB4\uDD01-\uDD2D\uDD2F-\uDD3D\uDE00-\uDE03\uDE05-\uDE1F\uDE21\uDE22\uDE24\uDE27\uDE29-\uDE32\uDE34-\uDE37\uDE39\uDE3B\uDE42\uDE47\uDE49\uDE4B\uDE4D-\uDE4F\uDE51\uDE52\uDE54\uDE57\uDE59\uDE5B\uDE5D\uDE5F\uDE61\uDE62\uDE64\uDE67-\uDE6A\uDE6C-\uDE72\uDE74-\uDE77\uDE79-\uDE7C\uDE7E\uDE80-\uDE89\uDE8B-\uDE9B\uDEA1-\uDEA3\uDEA5-\uDEA9\uDEAB-\uDEBB]|\uD83C[\uDD00-\uDD0C]|\uD83E[\uDFF0-\uDFF9]|\uD869[\uDC00-\uDEDD\uDF00-\uDFFF]|\uD86D[\uDC00-\uDF34\uDF40-\uDFFF]|\uD86E[\uDC00-\uDC1D\uDC20-\uDFFF]|\uD873[\uDC00-\uDEA1\uDEB0-\uDFFF]|\uD87A[\uDC00-\uDFE0]|\uD87E[\uDC00-\uDE1D]|\uD884[\uDC00-\uDF4A])/)) return;
+             var nextChar = match[1] || match[2] || '';
 
-           var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$3, _tileZoom$3]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
+             if (!nextChar || nextChar && (prevChar === '' || this.rules.inline.punctuation.exec(prevChar))) {
+               var lLength = match[0].length - 1;
+               var rDelim,
+                   rLength,
+                   delimTotal = lLength,
+                   midDelimTotal = 0;
+               var endReg = match[0][0] === '*' ? this.rules.inline.emStrong.rDelimAst : this.rules.inline.emStrong.rDelimUnd;
+               endReg.lastIndex = 0; // Clip maskedSrc to same section of string as src (move to lexer?)
+
+               maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(-1 * src.length + lLength);
+
+               while ((match = endReg.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
+                 rDelim = match[1] || match[2] || match[3] || match[4] || match[5] || match[6];
+                 if (!rDelim) continue; // skip single * in __abc*abc__
+
+                 rLength = rDelim.length;
+
+                 if (match[3] || match[4]) {
+                   // found another Left Delim
+                   delimTotal += rLength;
+                   continue;
+                 } else if (match[5] || match[6]) {
+                   // either Left or Right Delim
+                   if (lLength % 3 && !((lLength + rLength) % 3)) {
+                     midDelimTotal += rLength;
+                     continue; // CommonMark Emphasis Rules 9-10
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           var hadRequests = hasInflightRequests(_tileCache);
-           abortUnwantedRequests$3(_tileCache, tiles);
+                 delimTotal -= rLength;
+                 if (delimTotal > 0) continue; // Haven't found enough closing delimiters
+                 // Remove extra characters. *a*** -> *a*
 
-           if (hadRequests && !hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
-             dispatch$6.call('loaded'); // stop the spinner
-           } // issue new requests..
+                 rLength = Math.min(rLength, rLength + delimTotal + midDelimTotal); // Create `em` if smallest delimiter has odd char count. *a***
 
+                 if (Math.min(lLength, rLength) % 2) {
+                   return {
+                     type: 'em',
+                     raw: src.slice(0, lLength + match.index + rLength + 1),
+                     text: src.slice(1, lLength + match.index + rLength)
+                   };
+                 } // Create 'strong' if smallest delimiter has even char count. **a***
 
-           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-             this.loadTile(tile, callback);
-           }, this);
-         },
-         // Load a single data tile
-         // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
-         loadTile: function loadTile(tile, callback) {
-           if (_off) return;
-           if (_tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
 
-           if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
-             dispatch$6.call('loading'); // start the spinner
+                 return {
+                   type: 'strong',
+                   raw: src.slice(0, lLength + match.index + rLength + 1),
+                   text: src.slice(2, lLength + match.index + rLength - 1)
+                 };
+               }
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "codespan",
+           value: function codespan(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.code.exec(src);
 
-           var path = '/api/0.6/map.json?bbox=';
-           var options = {
-             skipSeen: true
-           };
-           _tileCache.inflight[tile.id] = this.loadFromAPI(path + tile.extent.toParam(), tileCallback, options);
-
-           function tileCallback(err, parsed) {
-             delete _tileCache.inflight[tile.id];
+             if (cap) {
+               var text = cap[2].replace(/\n/g, ' ');
+               var hasNonSpaceChars = /[^ ]/.test(text);
+               var hasSpaceCharsOnBothEnds = /^ /.test(text) && / $/.test(text);
 
-             if (!err) {
-               delete _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id];
-               _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
-               var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
-               bbox.id = tile.id;
+               if (hasNonSpaceChars && hasSpaceCharsOnBothEnds) {
+                 text = text.substring(1, text.length - 1);
+               }
 
-               _tileCache.rtree.insert(bbox);
+               text = _escape(text, true);
+               return {
+                 type: 'codespan',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text
+               };
              }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "br",
+           value: function br(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.br.exec(src);
 
-             if (callback) {
-               callback(err, Object.assign({
-                 data: parsed
-               }, tile));
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'br',
+                 raw: cap[0]
+               };
              }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "del",
+           value: function del(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.del.exec(src);
 
-             if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
-               dispatch$6.call('loaded'); // stop the spinner
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'del',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: cap[2]
+               };
              }
            }
-         },
-         isDataLoaded: function isDataLoaded(loc) {
-           var bbox = {
-             minX: loc[0],
-             minY: loc[1],
-             maxX: loc[0],
-             maxY: loc[1]
-           };
-           return _tileCache.rtree.collides(bbox);
-         },
-         // load the tile that covers the given `loc`
-         loadTileAtLoc: function loadTileAtLoc(loc, callback) {
-           // Back off if the toLoad queue is filling up.. re #6417
-           // (Currently `loadTileAtLoc` requests are considered low priority - used by operations to
-           // let users safely edit geometries which extend to unloaded tiles.  We can drop some.)
-           if (Object.keys(_tileCache.toLoad).length > 50) return;
-           var k = geoZoomToScale(_tileZoom$3 + 1);
-           var offset = geoRawMercator().scale(k)(loc);
-           var projection = geoRawMercator().transform({
-             k: k,
-             x: -offset[0],
-             y: -offset[1]
-           });
-           var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$3, _tileZoom$3]).getTiles(projection);
-           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-             if (_tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] || _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
-             _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] = true;
-             this.loadTile(tile, callback);
-           }, this);
-         },
-         // Load notes from the API in tiles
-         // GET /api/0.6/notes?bbox=
-         loadNotes: function loadNotes(projection, noteOptions) {
-           noteOptions = Object.assign({
-             limit: 10000,
-             closed: 7
-           }, noteOptions);
-           if (_off) return;
-           var that = this;
-           var path = '/api/0.6/notes?limit=' + noteOptions.limit + '&closed=' + noteOptions.closed + '&bbox=';
+         }, {
+           key: "autolink",
+           value: function autolink(src, mangle) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.autolink.exec(src);
 
-           var throttleLoadUsers = throttle(function () {
-             var uids = Object.keys(_userCache.toLoad);
-             if (!uids.length) return;
-             that.loadUsers(uids, function () {}); // eagerly load user details
-           }, 750); // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
+             if (cap) {
+               var text, href;
+
+               if (cap[2] === '@') {
+                 text = _escape(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[1]) : cap[1]);
+                 href = 'mailto:' + text;
+               } else {
+                 text = _escape(cap[1]);
+                 href = text;
+               }
 
+               return {
+                 type: 'link',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text,
+                 href: href,
+                 tokens: [{
+                   type: 'text',
+                   raw: text,
+                   text: text
+                 }]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "url",
+           value: function url(src, mangle) {
+             var cap;
 
-           var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_noteZoom, _noteZoom]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
+             if (cap = this.rules.inline.url.exec(src)) {
+               var text, href;
 
-           abortUnwantedRequests$3(_noteCache, tiles); // issue new requests..
+               if (cap[2] === '@') {
+                 text = _escape(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
+                 href = 'mailto:' + text;
+               } else {
+                 // do extended autolink path validation
+                 var prevCapZero;
 
-           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-             if (_noteCache.loaded[tile.id] || _noteCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
-             var options = {
-               skipSeen: false
-             };
-             _noteCache.inflight[tile.id] = that.loadFromAPI(path + tile.extent.toParam(), function (err) {
-               delete _noteCache.inflight[tile.id];
+                 do {
+                   prevCapZero = cap[0];
+                   cap[0] = this.rules.inline._backpedal.exec(cap[0])[0];
+                 } while (prevCapZero !== cap[0]);
 
-               if (!err) {
-                 _noteCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
+                 text = _escape(cap[0]);
+
+                 if (cap[1] === 'www.') {
+                   href = 'http://' + text;
+                 } else {
+                   href = text;
+                 }
                }
 
-               throttleLoadUsers();
-               dispatch$6.call('loadedNotes');
-             }, options);
-           });
-         },
-         // Create a note
-         // POST /api/0.6/notes?params
-         postNoteCreate: function postNoteCreate(note, callback) {
-           if (!this.authenticated()) {
-             return callback({
-               message: 'Not Authenticated',
-               status: -3
-             }, note);
+               return {
+                 type: 'link',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text,
+                 href: href,
+                 tokens: [{
+                   type: 'text',
+                   raw: text,
+                   text: text
+                 }]
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "inlineText",
+           value: function inlineText(src, inRawBlock, smartypants) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.text.exec(src);
 
-           if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
-             return callback({
-               message: 'Note update already inflight',
-               status: -2
-             }, note);
+             if (cap) {
+               var text;
+
+               if (inRawBlock) {
+                 text = this.options.sanitize ? this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : _escape(cap[0]) : cap[0];
+               } else {
+                 text = _escape(this.options.smartypants ? smartypants(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
+               }
+
+               return {
+                 type: 'text',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }]);
 
-           if (!note.loc[0] || !note.loc[1] || !note.newComment) return; // location & description required
+         return Tokenizer;
+       }();
 
-           var comment = note.newComment;
+       var noopTest = helpers.noopTest,
+           edit = helpers.edit,
+           merge$1 = helpers.merge;
+       /**
+        * Block-Level Grammar
+        */
 
-           if (note.newCategory && note.newCategory !== 'None') {
-             comment += ' #' + note.newCategory;
-           }
+       var block$1 = {
+         newline: /^(?: *(?:\n|$))+/,
+         code: /^( {4}[^\n]+(?:\n(?: *(?:\n|$))*)?)+/,
+         fences: /^ {0,3}(`{3,}(?=[^`\n]*\n)|~{3,})([^\n]*)\n(?:|([\s\S]*?)\n)(?: {0,3}\1[~`]* *(?:\n+|$)|$)/,
+         hr: /^ {0,3}((?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\* *){3,})(?:\n+|$)/,
+         heading: /^ {0,3}(#{1,6})(?=\s|$)(.*)(?:\n+|$)/,
+         blockquote: /^( {0,3}> ?(paragraph|[^\n]*)(?:\n|$))+/,
+         list: /^( {0,3})(bull) [\s\S]+?(?:hr|def|\n{2,}(?! )(?! {0,3}bull )\n*|\s*$)/,
+         html: '^ {0,3}(?:' // optional indentation
+         + '<(script|pre|style)[\\s>][\\s\\S]*?(?:</\\1>[^\\n]*\\n+|$)' // (1)
+         + '|comment[^\\n]*(\\n+|$)' // (2)
+         + '|<\\?[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\?>\\n*|$)' // (3)
+         + '|<![A-Z][\\s\\S]*?(?:>\\n*|$)' // (4)
+         + '|<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\]\\]>\\n*|$)' // (5)
+         + '|</?(tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)[\\s\\S]*?(?:(?:\\n *)+\\n|$)' // (6)
+         + '|<(?!script|pre|style)([a-z][\\w-]*)(?:attribute)*? */?>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:(?:\\n *)+\\n|$)' // (7) open tag
+         + '|</(?!script|pre|style)[a-z][\\w-]*\\s*>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:(?:\\n *)+\\n|$)' // (7) closing tag
+         + ')',
+         def: /^ {0,3}\[(label)\]: *\n? *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?:(?: +\n? *| *\n *)(title))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
+         nptable: noopTest,
+         table: noopTest,
+         lheading: /^([^\n]+)\n {0,3}(=+|-+) *(?:\n+|$)/,
+         // regex template, placeholders will be replaced according to different paragraph
+         // interruption rules of commonmark and the original markdown spec:
+         _paragraph: /^([^\n]+(?:\n(?!hr|heading|lheading|blockquote|fences|list|html| +\n)[^\n]+)*)/,
+         text: /^[^\n]+/
+       };
+       block$1._label = /(?!\s*\])(?:\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])+/;
+       block$1._title = /(?:"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'[^'\n]*(?:\n[^'\n]+)*\n?'|\([^()]*\))/;
+       block$1.def = edit(block$1.def).replace('label', block$1._label).replace('title', block$1._title).getRegex();
+       block$1.bullet = /(?:[*+-]|\d{1,9}[.)])/;
+       block$1.item = /^( *)(bull) ?[^\n]*(?:\n(?! *bull ?)[^\n]*)*/;
+       block$1.item = edit(block$1.item, 'gm').replace(/bull/g, block$1.bullet).getRegex();
+       block$1.listItemStart = edit(/^( *)(bull) */).replace('bull', block$1.bullet).getRegex();
+       block$1.list = edit(block$1.list).replace(/bull/g, block$1.bullet).replace('hr', '\\n+(?=\\1?(?:(?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\\* *){3,})(?:\\n+|$))').replace('def', '\\n+(?=' + block$1.def.source + ')').getRegex();
+       block$1._tag = 'address|article|aside|base|basefont|blockquote|body|caption' + '|center|col|colgroup|dd|details|dialog|dir|div|dl|dt|fieldset|figcaption' + '|figure|footer|form|frame|frameset|h[1-6]|head|header|hr|html|iframe' + '|legend|li|link|main|menu|menuitem|meta|nav|noframes|ol|optgroup|option' + '|p|param|section|source|summary|table|tbody|td|tfoot|th|thead|title|tr' + '|track|ul';
+       block$1._comment = /<!--(?!-?>)[\s\S]*?(?:-->|$)/;
+       block$1.html = edit(block$1.html, 'i').replace('comment', block$1._comment).replace('tag', block$1._tag).replace('attribute', / +[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?: *= *"[^"\n]*"| *= *'[^'\n]*'| *= *[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/).getRegex();
+       block$1.paragraph = edit(block$1._paragraph).replace('hr', block$1.hr).replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ').replace('|lheading', '') // setex headings don't interrupt commonmark paragraphs
+       .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n').replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
+       .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)').replace('tag', block$1._tag) // pars can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
+       .getRegex();
+       block$1.blockquote = edit(block$1.blockquote).replace('paragraph', block$1.paragraph).getRegex();
+       /**
+        * Normal Block Grammar
+        */
 
-           var path = '/api/0.6/notes?' + utilQsString({
-             lon: note.loc[0],
-             lat: note.loc[1],
-             text: comment
-           });
-           _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr({
-             method: 'POST',
-             path: path
-           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
+       block$1.normal = merge$1({}, block$1);
+       /**
+        * GFM Block Grammar
+        */
 
-           function done(err, xml) {
-             delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
+       block$1.gfm = merge$1({}, block$1.normal, {
+         nptable: '^ *([^|\\n ].*\\|.*)\\n' // Header
+         + ' {0,3}([-:]+ *\\|[-| :]*)' // Align
+         + '(?:\\n((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)',
+         // Cells
+         table: '^ *\\|(.+)\\n' // Header
+         + ' {0,3}\\|?( *[-:]+[-| :]*)' // Align
+         + '(?:\\n *((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)' // Cells
 
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err);
-             } // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
+       });
+       block$1.gfm.nptable = edit(block$1.gfm.nptable).replace('hr', block$1.hr).replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ').replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]').replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n').replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
+       .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)').replace('tag', block$1._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
+       .getRegex();
+       block$1.gfm.table = edit(block$1.gfm.table).replace('hr', block$1.hr).replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ').replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]').replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n').replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
+       .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)').replace('tag', block$1._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
+       .getRegex();
+       /**
+        * Pedantic grammar (original John Gruber's loose markdown specification)
+        */
 
+       block$1.pedantic = merge$1({}, block$1.normal, {
+         html: edit('^ *(?:comment *(?:\\n|\\s*$)' + '|<(tag)[\\s\\S]+?</\\1> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$)' // closed tag
+         + '|<tag(?:"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'|\\s[^\'"/>\\s]*)*?/?> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$))').replace('comment', block$1._comment).replace(/tag/g, '(?!(?:' + 'a|em|strong|small|s|cite|q|dfn|abbr|data|time|code|var|samp|kbd|sub' + '|sup|i|b|u|mark|ruby|rt|rp|bdi|bdo|span|br|wbr|ins|del|img)' + '\\b)\\w+(?!:|[^\\w\\s@]*@)\\b').getRegex(),
+         def: /^ *\[([^\]]+)\]: *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?: +(["(][^\n]+[")]))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
+         heading: /^(#{1,6})(.*)(?:\n+|$)/,
+         fences: noopTest,
+         // fences not supported
+         paragraph: edit(block$1.normal._paragraph).replace('hr', block$1.hr).replace('heading', ' *#{1,6} *[^\n]').replace('lheading', block$1.lheading).replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('|fences', '').replace('|list', '').replace('|html', '').getRegex()
+       });
+       /**
+        * Inline-Level Grammar
+        */
+
+       var inline$1 = {
+         escape: /^\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/,
+         autolink: /^<(scheme:[^\s\x00-\x1f<>]*|email)>/,
+         url: noopTest,
+         tag: '^comment' + '|^</[a-zA-Z][\\w:-]*\\s*>' // self-closing tag
+         + '|^<[a-zA-Z][\\w-]*(?:attribute)*?\\s*/?>' // open tag
+         + '|^<\\?[\\s\\S]*?\\?>' // processing instruction, e.g. <?php ?>
+         + '|^<![a-zA-Z]+\\s[\\s\\S]*?>' // declaration, e.g. <!DOCTYPE html>
+         + '|^<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?\\]\\]>',
+         // CDATA section
+         link: /^!?\[(label)\]\(\s*(href)(?:\s+(title))?\s*\)/,
+         reflink: /^!?\[(label)\]\[(?!\s*\])((?:\\[\[\]]?|[^\[\]\\])+)\]/,
+         nolink: /^!?\[(?!\s*\])((?:\[[^\[\]]*\]|\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])*)\](?:\[\])?/,
+         reflinkSearch: 'reflink|nolink(?!\\()',
+         emStrong: {
+           lDelim: /^(?:\*+(?:([punct_])|[^\s*]))|^_+(?:([punct*])|([^\s_]))/,
+           //        (1) and (2) can only be a Right Delimiter. (3) and (4) can only be Left.  (5) and (6) can be either Left or Right.
+           //        () Skip other delimiter (1) #***                   (2) a***#, a***                   (3) #***a, ***a                 (4) ***#              (5) #***#                 (6) a***a
+           rDelimAst: /\_\_[^_*]*?\*[^_*]*?\_\_|[punct_](\*+)(?=[\s]|$)|[^punct*_\s](\*+)(?=[punct_\s]|$)|[punct_\s](\*+)(?=[^punct*_\s])|[\s](\*+)(?=[punct_])|[punct_](\*+)(?=[punct_])|[^punct*_\s](\*+)(?=[^punct*_\s])/,
+           rDelimUnd: /\*\*[^_*]*?\_[^_*]*?\*\*|[punct*](\_+)(?=[\s]|$)|[^punct*_\s](\_+)(?=[punct*\s]|$)|[punct*\s](\_+)(?=[^punct*_\s])|[\s](\_+)(?=[punct*])|[punct*](\_+)(?=[punct*])/ // ^- Not allowed for _
 
-             this.removeNote(note);
-             var options = {
-               skipSeen: false
-             };
-             return parseXML(xml, function (err, results) {
-               if (err) {
-                 return callback(err);
-               } else {
-                 return callback(undefined, results[0]);
-               }
-             }, options);
-           }
          },
-         // Update a note
-         // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/comment?text=comment
-         // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/close?text=comment
-         // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/reopen?text=comment
-         postNoteUpdate: function postNoteUpdate(note, newStatus, callback) {
-           if (!this.authenticated()) {
-             return callback({
-               message: 'Not Authenticated',
-               status: -3
-             }, note);
-           }
+         code: /^(`+)([^`]|[^`][\s\S]*?[^`])\1(?!`)/,
+         br: /^( {2,}|\\)\n(?!\s*$)/,
+         del: noopTest,
+         text: /^(`+|[^`])(?:(?= {2,}\n)|[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*_]|\b_|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n)))/,
+         punctuation: /^([\spunctuation])/
+       }; // list of punctuation marks from CommonMark spec
+       // without * and _ to handle the different emphasis markers * and _
+
+       inline$1._punctuation = '!"#$%&\'()+\\-.,/:;<=>?@\\[\\]`^{|}~';
+       inline$1.punctuation = edit(inline$1.punctuation).replace(/punctuation/g, inline$1._punctuation).getRegex(); // sequences em should skip over [title](link), `code`, <html>
+
+       inline$1.blockSkip = /\[[^\]]*?\]\([^\)]*?\)|`[^`]*?`|<[^>]*?>/g;
+       inline$1.escapedEmSt = /\\\*|\\_/g;
+       inline$1._comment = edit(block$1._comment).replace('(?:-->|$)', '-->').getRegex();
+       inline$1.emStrong.lDelim = edit(inline$1.emStrong.lDelim).replace(/punct/g, inline$1._punctuation).getRegex();
+       inline$1.emStrong.rDelimAst = edit(inline$1.emStrong.rDelimAst, 'g').replace(/punct/g, inline$1._punctuation).getRegex();
+       inline$1.emStrong.rDelimUnd = edit(inline$1.emStrong.rDelimUnd, 'g').replace(/punct/g, inline$1._punctuation).getRegex();
+       inline$1._escapes = /\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/g;
+       inline$1._scheme = /[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]{1,31}/;
+       inline$1._email = /[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)+(?![-_])/;
+       inline$1.autolink = edit(inline$1.autolink).replace('scheme', inline$1._scheme).replace('email', inline$1._email).getRegex();
+       inline$1._attribute = /\s+[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?:\s*=\s*"[^"]*"|\s*=\s*'[^']*'|\s*=\s*[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/;
+       inline$1.tag = edit(inline$1.tag).replace('comment', inline$1._comment).replace('attribute', inline$1._attribute).getRegex();
+       inline$1._label = /(?:\[(?:\\.|[^\[\]\\])*\]|\\.|`[^`]*`|[^\[\]\\`])*?/;
+       inline$1._href = /<(?:\\.|[^\n<>\\])+>|[^\s\x00-\x1f]*/;
+       inline$1._title = /"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'(?:\\'?|[^'\\])*'|\((?:\\\)?|[^)\\])*\)/;
+       inline$1.link = edit(inline$1.link).replace('label', inline$1._label).replace('href', inline$1._href).replace('title', inline$1._title).getRegex();
+       inline$1.reflink = edit(inline$1.reflink).replace('label', inline$1._label).getRegex();
+       inline$1.reflinkSearch = edit(inline$1.reflinkSearch, 'g').replace('reflink', inline$1.reflink).replace('nolink', inline$1.nolink).getRegex();
+       /**
+        * Normal Inline Grammar
+        */
 
-           if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
-             return callback({
-               message: 'Note update already inflight',
-               status: -2
-             }, note);
-           }
+       inline$1.normal = merge$1({}, inline$1);
+       /**
+        * Pedantic Inline Grammar
+        */
 
-           var action;
+       inline$1.pedantic = merge$1({}, inline$1.normal, {
+         strong: {
+           start: /^__|\*\*/,
+           middle: /^__(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)__(?!_)|^\*\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*\*(?!\*)/,
+           endAst: /\*\*(?!\*)/g,
+           endUnd: /__(?!_)/g
+         },
+         em: {
+           start: /^_|\*/,
+           middle: /^()\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*(?!\*)|^_(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)_(?!_)/,
+           endAst: /\*(?!\*)/g,
+           endUnd: /_(?!_)/g
+         },
+         link: edit(/^!?\[(label)\]\((.*?)\)/).replace('label', inline$1._label).getRegex(),
+         reflink: edit(/^!?\[(label)\]\s*\[([^\]]*)\]/).replace('label', inline$1._label).getRegex()
+       });
+       /**
+        * GFM Inline Grammar
+        */
 
-           if (note.status !== 'closed' && newStatus === 'closed') {
-             action = 'close';
-           } else if (note.status !== 'open' && newStatus === 'open') {
-             action = 'reopen';
-           } else {
-             action = 'comment';
-             if (!note.newComment) return; // when commenting, comment required
-           }
+       inline$1.gfm = merge$1({}, inline$1.normal, {
+         escape: edit(inline$1.escape).replace('])', '~|])').getRegex(),
+         _extended_email: /[A-Za-z0-9._+-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9-_]+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9-_]*[a-zA-Z0-9])+(?![-_])/,
+         url: /^((?:ftp|https?):\/\/|www\.)(?:[a-zA-Z0-9\-]+\.?)+[^\s<]*|^email/,
+         _backpedal: /(?:[^?!.,:;*_~()&]+|\([^)]*\)|&(?![a-zA-Z0-9]+;$)|[?!.,:;*_~)]+(?!$))+/,
+         del: /^(~~?)(?=[^\s~])([\s\S]*?[^\s~])\1(?=[^~]|$)/,
+         text: /^([`~]+|[^`~])(?:(?= {2,}\n)|(?=[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@)|[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*~_]|\b_|https?:\/\/|ftp:\/\/|www\.|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n)|[^a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-](?=[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@)))/
+       });
+       inline$1.gfm.url = edit(inline$1.gfm.url, 'i').replace('email', inline$1.gfm._extended_email).getRegex();
+       /**
+        * GFM + Line Breaks Inline Grammar
+        */
 
-           var path = '/api/0.6/notes/' + note.id + '/' + action;
+       inline$1.breaks = merge$1({}, inline$1.gfm, {
+         br: edit(inline$1.br).replace('{2,}', '*').getRegex(),
+         text: edit(inline$1.gfm.text).replace('\\b_', '\\b_| {2,}\\n').replace(/\{2,\}/g, '*').getRegex()
+       });
+       var rules = {
+         block: block$1,
+         inline: inline$1
+       };
 
-           if (note.newComment) {
-             path += '?' + utilQsString({
-               text: note.newComment
-             });
+       var Tokenizer$1 = Tokenizer_1;
+       var defaults$3 = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       var block = rules.block,
+           inline = rules.inline;
+       var repeatString = helpers.repeatString;
+       /**
+        * smartypants text replacement
+        */
+
+       function smartypants(text) {
+         return text // em-dashes
+         .replace(/---/g, "\u2014") // en-dashes
+         .replace(/--/g, "\u2013") // opening singles
+         .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{"\s])'/g, "$1\u2018") // closing singles & apostrophes
+         .replace(/'/g, "\u2019") // opening doubles
+         .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{\u2018\s])"/g, "$1\u201C") // closing doubles
+         .replace(/"/g, "\u201D") // ellipses
+         .replace(/\.{3}/g, "\u2026");
+       }
+       /**
+        * mangle email addresses
+        */
+
+
+       function mangle(text) {
+         var out = '',
+             i,
+             ch;
+         var l = text.length;
+
+         for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+           ch = text.charCodeAt(i);
+
+           if (Math.random() > 0.5) {
+             ch = 'x' + ch.toString(16);
            }
 
-           _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr({
-             method: 'POST',
-             path: path
-           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
+           out += '&#' + ch + ';';
+         }
 
-           function done(err, xml) {
-             delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
+         return out;
+       }
+       /**
+        * Block Lexer
+        */
 
-             if (err) {
-               return callback(err);
-             } // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
 
+       var Lexer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Lexer(options) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Lexer);
 
-             this.removeNote(note); // update closed note cache - used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
+           this.tokens = [];
+           this.tokens.links = Object.create(null);
+           this.options = options || defaults$3;
+           this.options.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer || new Tokenizer$1();
+           this.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer;
+           this.tokenizer.options = this.options;
+           var rules = {
+             block: block.normal,
+             inline: inline.normal
+           };
 
-             if (action === 'close') {
-               _noteCache.closed[note.id] = true;
-             } else if (action === 'reopen') {
-               delete _noteCache.closed[note.id];
-             }
+           if (this.options.pedantic) {
+             rules.block = block.pedantic;
+             rules.inline = inline.pedantic;
+           } else if (this.options.gfm) {
+             rules.block = block.gfm;
 
-             var options = {
-               skipSeen: false
-             };
-             return parseXML(xml, function (err, results) {
-               if (err) {
-                 return callback(err);
-               } else {
-                 return callback(undefined, results[0]);
-               }
-             }, options);
+             if (this.options.breaks) {
+               rules.inline = inline.breaks;
+             } else {
+               rules.inline = inline.gfm;
+             }
            }
-         },
-         "switch": function _switch(options) {
-           urlroot = options.urlroot;
-           oauth.options(Object.assign({
-             url: urlroot,
-             loading: authLoading,
-             done: authDone
-           }, options));
-           this.reset();
-           this.userChangesets(function () {}); // eagerly load user details/changesets
 
-           dispatch$6.call('change');
-           return this;
-         },
-         toggle: function toggle(val) {
-           _off = !val;
-           return this;
-         },
-         isChangesetInflight: function isChangesetInflight() {
-           return !!_changeset.inflight;
-         },
-         // get/set cached data
-         // This is used to save/restore the state when entering/exiting the walkthrough
-         // Also used for testing purposes.
-         caches: function caches(obj) {
-           function cloneCache(source) {
-             var target = {};
-             Object.keys(source).forEach(function (k) {
-               if (k === 'rtree') {
-                 target.rtree = new RBush().fromJSON(source.rtree.toJSON()); // clone rbush
-               } else if (k === 'note') {
-                 target.note = {};
-                 Object.keys(source.note).forEach(function (id) {
-                   target.note[id] = osmNote(source.note[id]); // copy notes
-                 });
-               } else {
-                 target[k] = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(source[k])); // clone deep
-               }
-             });
-             return target;
+           this.tokenizer.rules = rules;
+         }
+         /**
+          * Expose Rules
+          */
+
+
+         _createClass$1(Lexer, [{
+           key: "lex",
+           value:
+           /**
+            * Preprocessing
+            */
+           function lex(src) {
+             src = src.replace(/\r\n|\r/g, '\n').replace(/\t/g, '    ');
+             this.blockTokens(src, this.tokens, true);
+             this.inline(this.tokens);
+             return this.tokens;
            }
+           /**
+            * Lexing
+            */
 
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return {
-               tile: cloneCache(_tileCache),
-               note: cloneCache(_noteCache),
-               user: cloneCache(_userCache)
-             };
-           } // access caches directly for testing (e.g., loading notes rtree)
+         }, {
+           key: "blockTokens",
+           value: function blockTokens(src) {
+             var tokens = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : [];
+             var top = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : true;
 
+             if (this.options.pedantic) {
+               src = src.replace(/^ +$/gm, '');
+             }
 
-           if (obj === 'get') {
-             return {
-               tile: _tileCache,
-               note: _noteCache,
-               user: _userCache
-             };
-           }
+             var token, i, l, lastToken;
 
-           if (obj.tile) {
-             _tileCache = obj.tile;
-             _tileCache.inflight = {};
-           }
+             while (src) {
+               // newline
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.space(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
 
-           if (obj.note) {
-             _noteCache = obj.note;
-             _noteCache.inflight = {};
-             _noteCache.inflightPost = {};
-           }
+                 if (token.type) {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-           if (obj.user) {
-             _userCache = obj.user;
-           }
+                 continue;
+               } // code
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         logout: function logout() {
-           _userChangesets = undefined;
-           _userDetails = undefined;
-           oauth.logout();
-           dispatch$6.call('change');
-           return this;
-         },
-         authenticated: function authenticated() {
-           return oauth.authenticated();
-         },
-         authenticate: function authenticate(callback) {
-           var that = this;
-           var cid = _connectionID;
-           _userChangesets = undefined;
-           _userDetails = undefined;
 
-           function done(err, res) {
-             if (err) {
-               if (callback) callback(err);
-               return;
-             }
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.code(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1]; // An indented code block cannot interrupt a paragraph.
 
-             if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
-               if (callback) callback({
-                 message: 'Connection Switched',
-                 status: -1
-               });
-               return;
-             }
+                 if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'paragraph') {
+                   lastToken.raw += '\n' + token.raw;
+                   lastToken.text += '\n' + token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-             _rateLimitError = undefined;
-             dispatch$6.call('change');
-             if (callback) callback(err, res);
-             that.userChangesets(function () {}); // eagerly load user details/changesets
-           }
+                 continue;
+               } // fences
 
-           return oauth.authenticate(done);
-         },
-         imageryBlocklists: function imageryBlocklists() {
-           return _imageryBlocklists;
-         },
-         tileZoom: function tileZoom(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _tileZoom$3;
-           _tileZoom$3 = val;
-           return this;
-         },
-         // get all cached notes covering the viewport
-         notes: function notes(projection) {
-           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-           return _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
-             return d.data;
-           });
-         },
-         // get a single note from the cache
-         getNote: function getNote(id) {
-           return _noteCache.note[id];
-         },
-         // remove a single note from the cache
-         removeNote: function removeNote(note) {
-           if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) return;
-           delete _noteCache.note[note.id];
-           updateRtree$3(encodeNoteRtree(note), false); // false = remove
-         },
-         // replace a single note in the cache
-         replaceNote: function replaceNote(note) {
-           if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) return;
-           _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
-           updateRtree$3(encodeNoteRtree(note), true); // true = replace
 
-           return note;
-         },
-         // Get an array of note IDs closed during this session.
-         // Used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
-         getClosedIDs: function getClosedIDs() {
-           return Object.keys(_noteCache.closed).sort();
-         }
-       };
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.fences(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // heading
 
-       var _apibase = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/api.php';
-       var _inflight$1 = {};
-       var _wikibaseCache = {};
-       var _localeIDs = {
-         en: false
-       };
 
-       var debouncedRequest = debounce(request, 500, {
-         leading: false
-       });
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.heading(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // table no leading pipe (gfm)
 
-       function request(url, callback) {
-         if (_inflight$1[url]) return;
-         var controller = new AbortController();
-         _inflight$1[url] = controller;
-         d3_json(url, {
-           signal: controller.signal
-         }).then(function (result) {
-           delete _inflight$1[url];
-           if (callback) callback(null, result);
-         })["catch"](function (err) {
-           delete _inflight$1[url];
-           if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
-           if (callback) callback(err.message);
-         });
-       }
 
-       var serviceOsmWikibase = {
-         init: function init() {
-           _inflight$1 = {};
-           _wikibaseCache = {};
-           _localeIDs = {};
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           Object.values(_inflight$1).forEach(function (controller) {
-             controller.abort();
-           });
-           _inflight$1 = {};
-         },
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.nptable(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // hr
 
-         /**
-          * Get the best value for the property, or undefined if not found
-          * @param entity object from wikibase
-          * @param property string e.g. 'P4' for image
-          * @param langCode string e.g. 'fr' for French
-          */
-         claimToValue: function claimToValue(entity, property, langCode) {
-           if (!entity.claims[property]) return undefined;
-           var locale = _localeIDs[langCode];
-           var preferredPick, localePick;
-           entity.claims[property].forEach(function (stmt) {
-             // If exists, use value limited to the needed language (has a qualifier P26 = locale)
-             // Or if not found, use the first value with the "preferred" rank
-             if (!preferredPick && stmt.rank === 'preferred') {
-               preferredPick = stmt;
-             }
 
-             if (locale && stmt.qualifiers && stmt.qualifiers.P26 && stmt.qualifiers.P26[0].datavalue.value.id === locale) {
-               localePick = stmt;
-             }
-           });
-           var result = localePick || preferredPick;
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.hr(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // blockquote
 
-           if (result) {
-             var datavalue = result.mainsnak.datavalue;
-             return datavalue.type === 'wikibase-entityid' ? datavalue.value.id : datavalue.value;
-           } else {
-             return undefined;
-           }
-         },
 
-         /**
-          * Convert monolingual property into a key-value object (language -> value)
-          * @param entity object from wikibase
-          * @param property string e.g. 'P31' for monolingual wiki page title
-          */
-         monolingualClaimToValueObj: function monolingualClaimToValueObj(entity, property) {
-           if (!entity || !entity.claims[property]) return undefined;
-           return entity.claims[property].reduce(function (acc, obj) {
-             var value = obj.mainsnak.datavalue.value;
-             acc[value.language] = value.text;
-             return acc;
-           }, {});
-         },
-         toSitelink: function toSitelink(key, value) {
-           var result = value ? 'Tag:' + key + '=' + value : 'Key:' + key;
-           return result.replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
-         },
-         //
-         // Pass params object of the form:
-         // {
-         //   key: 'string',
-         //   value: 'string',
-         //   langCode: 'string'
-         // }
-         //
-         getEntity: function getEntity(params, callback) {
-           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
-           var that = this;
-           var titles = [];
-           var result = {};
-           var rtypeSitelink = params.key === 'type' && params.value ? ('Relation:' + params.value).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim() : false;
-           var keySitelink = params.key ? this.toSitelink(params.key) : false;
-           var tagSitelink = params.key && params.value ? this.toSitelink(params.key, params.value) : false;
-           var localeSitelink;
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.blockquote(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 token.tokens = this.blockTokens(token.text, [], top);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // list
 
-           if (params.langCodes) {
-             params.langCodes.forEach(function (langCode) {
-               if (_localeIDs[langCode] === undefined) {
-                 // If this is the first time we are asking about this locale,
-                 // fetch corresponding entity (if it exists), and cache it.
-                 // If there is no such entry, cache `false` value to avoid re-requesting it.
-                 localeSitelink = ('Locale:' + langCode).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
-                 titles.push(localeSitelink);
-               }
-             });
-           }
 
-           if (rtypeSitelink) {
-             if (_wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink]) {
-               result.rtype = _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink];
-             } else {
-               titles.push(rtypeSitelink);
-             }
-           }
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.list(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 l = token.items.length;
 
-           if (keySitelink) {
-             if (_wikibaseCache[keySitelink]) {
-               result.key = _wikibaseCache[keySitelink];
-             } else {
-               titles.push(keySitelink);
-             }
-           }
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   token.items[i].tokens = this.blockTokens(token.items[i].text, [], false);
+                 }
 
-           if (tagSitelink) {
-             if (_wikibaseCache[tagSitelink]) {
-               result.tag = _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink];
-             } else {
-               titles.push(tagSitelink);
-             }
-           }
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // html
 
-           if (!titles.length) {
-             // Nothing to do, we already had everything in the cache
-             return callback(null, result);
-           } // Requesting just the user language code
-           // If backend recognizes the code, it will perform proper fallbacks,
-           // and the result will contain the requested code. If not, all values are returned:
-           // {"zh-tw":{"value":"...","language":"zh-tw","source-language":"zh-hant"}
-           // {"pt-br":{"value":"...","language":"pt","for-language":"pt-br"}}
 
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.html(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // def
 
-           var obj = {
-             action: 'wbgetentities',
-             sites: 'wiki',
-             titles: titles.join('|'),
-             languages: params.langCodes.join('|'),
-             languagefallback: 1,
-             origin: '*',
-             format: 'json' // There is an MW Wikibase API bug https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T212069
-             // We shouldn't use v1 until it gets fixed, but should switch to it afterwards
-             // formatversion: 2,
 
-           };
-           var url = _apibase + '?' + utilQsString(obj);
-           doRequest(url, function (err, d) {
-             if (err) {
-               callback(err);
-             } else if (!d.success || d.error) {
-               callback(d.error.messages.map(function (v) {
-                 return v.html['*'];
-               }).join('<br>'));
-             } else {
-               var localeID = false;
-               Object.values(d.entities).forEach(function (res) {
-                 if (res.missing !== '') {
-                   var title = res.sitelinks.wiki.title;
+               if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.def(src))) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
 
-                   if (title === rtypeSitelink) {
-                     _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink] = res;
-                     result.rtype = res;
-                   } else if (title === keySitelink) {
-                     _wikibaseCache[keySitelink] = res;
-                     result.key = res;
-                   } else if (title === tagSitelink) {
-                     _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink] = res;
-                     result.tag = res;
-                   } else if (title === localeSitelink) {
-                     localeID = res.id;
-                   } else {
-                     console.log('Unexpected title ' + title); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-                   }
+                 if (!this.tokens.links[token.tag]) {
+                   this.tokens.links[token.tag] = {
+                     href: token.href,
+                     title: token.title
+                   };
                  }
-               });
 
-               if (localeSitelink) {
-                 // If locale ID is not found, store false to prevent repeated queries
-                 that.addLocale(params.langCodes[0], localeID);
-               }
+                 continue;
+               } // table (gfm)
 
-               callback(null, result);
-             }
-           });
-         },
-         //
-         // Pass params object of the form:
-         // {
-         //   key: 'string',     // required
-         //   value: 'string'    // optional
-         // }
-         //
-         // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
-         // {
-         //   title:        'string',
-         //   description:  'string',
-         //   editURL:      'string',
-         //   imageURL:     'string',
-         //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
-         // }
-         //
-         getDocs: function getDocs(params, callback) {
-           var that = this;
-           var langCodes = _mainLocalizer.localeCodes().map(function (code) {
-             return code.toLowerCase();
-           });
-           params.langCodes = langCodes;
-           this.getEntity(params, function (err, data) {
-             if (err) {
-               callback(err);
-               return;
-             }
 
-             var entity = data.rtype || data.tag || data.key;
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.table(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // lheading
 
-             if (!entity) {
-               callback('No entity');
-               return;
-             }
 
-             var i;
-             var description;
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.lheading(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // top-level paragraph
 
-             for (i in langCodes) {
-               var _code = langCodes[i];
 
-               if (entity.descriptions[_code] && entity.descriptions[_code].language === _code) {
-                 description = entity.descriptions[_code];
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
+               if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.paragraph(src))) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // text
 
-             if (!description && Object.values(entity.descriptions).length) description = Object.values(entity.descriptions)[0]; // prepare result
 
-             var result = {
-               title: entity.title,
-               description: description ? description.value : '',
-               descriptionLocaleCode: description ? description.language : '',
-               editURL: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + entity.title
-             }; // add image
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.text(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
 
-             if (entity.claims) {
-               var imageroot;
-               var image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P4', langCodes[0]);
+                 if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'text') {
+                   lastToken.raw += '\n' + token.raw;
+                   lastToken.text += '\n' + token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-               if (image) {
-                 imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
-               } else {
-                 image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P28', langCodes[0]);
+                 continue;
+               }
 
-                 if (image) {
-                   imageroot = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php';
+               if (src) {
+                 var errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
+
+                 if (this.options.silent) {
+                   console.error(errMsg);
+                   break;
+                 } else {
+                   throw new Error(errMsg);
                  }
                }
+             }
 
-               if (imageroot && image) {
-                 result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
-                   title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
-                   width: 400
-                 });
+             return tokens;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "inline",
+           value: function inline(tokens) {
+             var i, j, k, l2, row, token;
+             var l = tokens.length;
+
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+               token = tokens[i];
+
+               switch (token.type) {
+                 case 'paragraph':
+                 case 'text':
+                 case 'heading':
+                   {
+                     token.tokens = [];
+                     this.inlineTokens(token.text, token.tokens);
+                     break;
+                   }
+
+                 case 'table':
+                   {
+                     token.tokens = {
+                       header: [],
+                       cells: []
+                     }; // header
+
+                     l2 = token.header.length;
+
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       token.tokens.header[j] = [];
+                       this.inlineTokens(token.header[j], token.tokens.header[j]);
+                     } // cells
+
+
+                     l2 = token.cells.length;
+
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       row = token.cells[j];
+                       token.tokens.cells[j] = [];
+
+                       for (k = 0; k < row.length; k++) {
+                         token.tokens.cells[j][k] = [];
+                         this.inlineTokens(row[k], token.tokens.cells[j][k]);
+                       }
+                     }
+
+                     break;
+                   }
+
+                 case 'blockquote':
+                   {
+                     this.inline(token.tokens);
+                     break;
+                   }
+
+                 case 'list':
+                   {
+                     l2 = token.items.length;
+
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       this.inline(token.items[j].tokens);
+                     }
+
+                     break;
+                   }
                }
-             } // Try to get a wiki page from tag data item first, followed by the corresponding key data item.
-             // If neither tag nor key data item contain a wiki page in the needed language nor English,
-             // get the first found wiki page from either the tag or the key item.
+             }
 
+             return tokens;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Lexing/Compiling
+            */
 
-             var rtypeWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.rtype, 'P31');
-             var tagWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.tag, 'P31');
-             var keyWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.key, 'P31');
-             var wikis = [rtypeWiki, tagWiki, keyWiki];
+         }, {
+           key: "inlineTokens",
+           value: function inlineTokens(src) {
+             var tokens = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : [];
+             var inLink = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : false;
+             var inRawBlock = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : false;
+             var token, lastToken; // String with links masked to avoid interference with em and strong
 
-             for (i in wikis) {
-               var wiki = wikis[i];
+             var maskedSrc = src;
+             var match;
+             var keepPrevChar, prevChar; // Mask out reflinks
 
-               for (var j in langCodes) {
-                 var code = langCodes[j];
-                 var referenceId = langCodes[0].split('-')[0] !== 'en' && code.split('-')[0] === 'en' ? 'inspector.wiki_en_reference' : 'inspector.wiki_reference';
-                 var info = getWikiInfo(wiki, code, referenceId);
+             if (this.tokens.links) {
+               var links = Object.keys(this.tokens.links);
 
-                 if (info) {
-                   result.wiki = info;
-                   break;
+               if (links.length > 0) {
+                 while ((match = this.tokenizer.rules.inline.reflinkSearch.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
+                   if (links.includes(match[0].slice(match[0].lastIndexOf('[') + 1, -1))) {
+                     maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index) + '[' + repeatString('a', match[0].length - 2) + ']' + maskedSrc.slice(this.tokenizer.rules.inline.reflinkSearch.lastIndex);
+                   }
                  }
                }
+             } // Mask out other blocks
 
-               if (result.wiki) break;
-             }
 
-             callback(null, result); // Helper method to get wiki info if a given language exists
+             while ((match = this.tokenizer.rules.inline.blockSkip.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
+               maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index) + '[' + repeatString('a', match[0].length - 2) + ']' + maskedSrc.slice(this.tokenizer.rules.inline.blockSkip.lastIndex);
+             } // Mask out escaped em & strong delimiters
 
-             function getWikiInfo(wiki, langCode, tKey) {
-               if (wiki && wiki[langCode]) {
-                 return {
-                   title: wiki[langCode],
-                   text: tKey,
-                   url: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + wiki[langCode]
-                 };
-               }
+
+             while ((match = this.tokenizer.rules.inline.escapedEmSt.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
+               maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index) + '++' + maskedSrc.slice(this.tokenizer.rules.inline.escapedEmSt.lastIndex);
              }
-           });
-         },
-         addLocale: function addLocale(langCode, qid) {
-           // Makes it easier to unit test
-           _localeIDs[langCode] = qid;
-         },
-         apibase: function apibase(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _apibase;
-           _apibase = val;
-           return this;
-         }
-       };
 
-       var jsonpCache = {};
-       window.jsonpCache = jsonpCache;
-       function jsonpRequest(url, callback) {
-         var request = {
-           abort: function abort() {}
-         };
+             while (src) {
+               if (!keepPrevChar) {
+                 prevChar = '';
+               }
 
-         if (window.JSONP_FIX) {
-           if (window.JSONP_DELAY === 0) {
-             callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
-           } else {
-             var t = window.setTimeout(function () {
-               callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
-             }, window.JSONP_DELAY || 0);
+               keepPrevChar = false; // escape
 
-             request.abort = function () {
-               window.clearTimeout(t);
-             };
-           }
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.escape(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // tag
 
-           return request;
-         }
 
-         function rand() {
-           var chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
-           var c = '';
-           var i = -1;
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.tag(src, inLink, inRawBlock)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 inLink = token.inLink;
+                 inRawBlock = token.inRawBlock;
+                 var _lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
 
-           while (++i < 15) {
-             c += chars.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * 52));
-           }
+                 if (_lastToken && token.type === 'text' && _lastToken.type === 'text') {
+                   _lastToken.raw += token.raw;
+                   _lastToken.text += token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-           return c;
-         }
+                 continue;
+               } // link
 
-         function create(url) {
-           var e = url.match(/callback=(\w+)/);
-           var c = e ? e[1] : rand();
 
-           jsonpCache[c] = function (data) {
-             if (jsonpCache[c]) {
-               callback(data);
-             }
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.link(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
 
-             finalize();
-           };
+                 if (token.type === 'link') {
+                   token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
+                 }
 
-           function finalize() {
-             delete jsonpCache[c];
-             script.remove();
-           }
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // reflink, nolink
 
-           request.abort = finalize;
-           return 'jsonpCache.' + c;
-         }
 
-         var cb = create(url);
-         var script = select('head').append('script').attr('type', 'text/javascript').attr('src', url.replace(/(\{|%7B)callback(\}|%7D)/, cb));
-         return request;
-       }
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.reflink(src, this.tokens.links)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 var _lastToken2 = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
 
-       var bubbleApi = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/mapcontrol/HumanScaleServices/GetBubbles.ashx?';
-       var streetsideImagesApi = 'https://t.ssl.ak.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/';
-       var bubbleAppKey = 'AuftgJsO0Xs8Ts4M1xZUQJQXJNsvmh3IV8DkNieCiy3tCwCUMq76-WpkrBtNAuEm';
-       var pannellumViewerCSS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.css';
-       var pannellumViewerJS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.js';
-       var maxResults$2 = 2000;
-       var tileZoom$2 = 16.5;
-       var tiler$6 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom$2, tileZoom$2]).skipNullIsland(true);
-       var dispatch$7 = dispatch('loadedImages', 'viewerChanged');
-       var minHfov = 10; // zoom in degrees:  20, 10, 5
+                 if (token.type === 'link') {
+                   token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 } else if (_lastToken2 && token.type === 'text' && _lastToken2.type === 'text') {
+                   _lastToken2.raw += token.raw;
+                   _lastToken2.text += token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-       var maxHfov = 90; // zoom out degrees
+                 continue;
+               } // em & strong
 
-       var defaultHfov = 45;
-       var _hires = false;
-       var _resolution = 512; // higher numbers are slower - 512, 1024, 2048, 4096
 
-       var _currScene = 0;
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.emStrong(src, maskedSrc, prevChar)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // code
 
-       var _ssCache;
 
-       var _pannellumViewer;
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.codespan(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // br
 
-       var _sceneOptions = {
-         showFullscreenCtrl: false,
-         autoLoad: true,
-         compass: true,
-         yaw: 0,
-         minHfov: minHfov,
-         maxHfov: maxHfov,
-         hfov: defaultHfov,
-         type: 'cubemap',
-         cubeMap: []
-       };
 
-       var _loadViewerPromise$2;
-       /**
-        * abortRequest().
-        */
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.br(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // del (gfm)
 
 
-       function abortRequest$6(i) {
-         i.abort();
-       }
-       /**
-        * localeTimeStamp().
-        */
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.del(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // autolink
 
 
-       function localeTimestamp(s) {
-         if (!s) return null;
-         var options = {
-           day: 'numeric',
-           month: 'short',
-           year: 'numeric'
-         };
-         var d = new Date(s);
-         if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-         return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-       }
-       /**
-        * loadTiles() wraps the process of generating tiles and then fetching image points for each tile.
-        */
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.autolink(src, mangle)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // url (gfm)
 
 
-       function loadTiles$2(which, url, projection, margin) {
-         var tiles = tiler$6.margin(margin).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
+               if (!inLink && (token = this.tokenizer.url(src, mangle))) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // text
 
-         var cache = _ssCache[which];
-         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
-           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
-             return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0;
-           });
 
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest$6(cache.inflight[k]);
-             delete cache.inflight[k];
-           }
-         });
-         tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-           return loadNextTilePage$2(which, url, tile);
-         });
-       }
-       /**
-        * loadNextTilePage() load data for the next tile page in line.
-        */
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.inlineText(src, inRawBlock, smartypants)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
 
+                 if (token.raw.slice(-1) !== '_') {
+                   // Track prevChar before string of ____ started
+                   prevChar = token.raw.slice(-1);
+                 }
 
-       function loadNextTilePage$2(which, url, tile) {
-         var cache = _ssCache[which];
-         var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 0;
-         var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
-         if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
-         cache.inflight[id] = getBubbles(url, tile, function (bubbles) {
-           cache.loaded[id] = true;
-           delete cache.inflight[id];
-           if (!bubbles) return; // [].shift() removes the first element, some statistics info, not a bubble point
+                 keepPrevChar = true;
+                 lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
 
-           bubbles.shift();
-           var features = bubbles.map(function (bubble) {
-             if (cache.points[bubble.id]) return null; // skip duplicates
+                 if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'text') {
+                   lastToken.raw += token.raw;
+                   lastToken.text += token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-             var loc = [bubble.lo, bubble.la];
-             var d = {
-               loc: loc,
-               key: bubble.id,
-               ca: bubble.he,
-               captured_at: bubble.cd,
-               captured_by: 'microsoft',
-               // nbn: bubble.nbn,
-               // pbn: bubble.pbn,
-               // ad: bubble.ad,
-               // rn: bubble.rn,
-               pr: bubble.pr,
-               // previous
-               ne: bubble.ne,
-               // next
-               pano: true,
-               sequenceKey: null
-             };
-             cache.points[bubble.id] = d; // a sequence starts here
+                 continue;
+               }
 
-             if (bubble.pr === undefined) {
-               cache.leaders.push(bubble.id);
+               if (src) {
+                 var errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
+
+                 if (this.options.silent) {
+                   console.error(errMsg);
+                   break;
+                 } else {
+                   throw new Error(errMsg);
+                 }
+               }
              }
 
+             return tokens;
+           }
+         }], [{
+           key: "rules",
+           get: function get() {
              return {
-               minX: loc[0],
-               minY: loc[1],
-               maxX: loc[0],
-               maxY: loc[1],
-               data: d
+               block: block,
+               inline: inline
              };
-           }).filter(Boolean);
-           cache.rtree.load(features);
-           connectSequences();
-
-           if (which === 'bubbles') {
-             dispatch$7.call('loadedImages');
            }
-         });
-       } // call this sometimes to connect the bubbles into sequences
-
-
-       function connectSequences() {
-         var cache = _ssCache.bubbles;
-         var keepLeaders = [];
+           /**
+            * Static Lex Method
+            */
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < cache.leaders.length; i++) {
-           var bubble = cache.points[cache.leaders[i]];
-           var seen = {}; // try to make a sequence.. use the key of the leader bubble.
+         }, {
+           key: "lex",
+           value: function lex(src, options) {
+             var lexer = new Lexer(options);
+             return lexer.lex(src);
+           }
+           /**
+            * Static Lex Inline Method
+            */
 
-           var sequence = {
-             key: bubble.key,
-             bubbles: []
-           };
-           var complete = false;
+         }, {
+           key: "lexInline",
+           value: function lexInline(src, options) {
+             var lexer = new Lexer(options);
+             return lexer.inlineTokens(src);
+           }
+         }]);
 
-           do {
-             sequence.bubbles.push(bubble);
-             seen[bubble.key] = true;
+         return Lexer;
+       }();
 
-             if (bubble.ne === undefined) {
-               complete = true;
-             } else {
-               bubble = cache.points[bubble.ne]; // advance to next
-             }
-           } while (bubble && !seen[bubble.key] && !complete);
+       var defaults$2 = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       var cleanUrl = helpers.cleanUrl,
+           escape$2 = helpers.escape;
+       /**
+        * Renderer
+        */
 
-           if (complete) {
-             _ssCache.sequences[sequence.key] = sequence; // assign bubbles to the sequence
+       var Renderer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Renderer(options) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Renderer);
 
-             for (var j = 0; j < sequence.bubbles.length; j++) {
-               sequence.bubbles[j].sequenceKey = sequence.key;
-             } // create a GeoJSON LineString
+           this.options = options || defaults$2;
+         }
 
+         _createClass$1(Renderer, [{
+           key: "code",
+           value: function code(_code, infostring, escaped) {
+             var lang = (infostring || '').match(/\S*/)[0];
 
-             sequence.geojson = {
-               type: 'LineString',
-               properties: {
-                 captured_at: sequence.bubbles[0] ? sequence.bubbles[0].captured_at : null,
-                 captured_by: sequence.bubbles[0] ? sequence.bubbles[0].captured_by : null,
-                 key: sequence.key
-               },
-               coordinates: sequence.bubbles.map(function (d) {
-                 return d.loc;
-               })
-             };
-           } else {
-             keepLeaders.push(cache.leaders[i]);
-           }
-         } // couldn't complete these, save for later
+             if (this.options.highlight) {
+               var out = this.options.highlight(_code, lang);
 
+               if (out != null && out !== _code) {
+                 escaped = true;
+                 _code = out;
+               }
+             }
 
-         cache.leaders = keepLeaders;
-       }
-       /**
-        * getBubbles() handles the request to the server for a tile extent of 'bubbles' (streetside image locations).
-        */
+             _code = _code.replace(/\n$/, '') + '\n';
 
+             if (!lang) {
+               return '<pre><code>' + (escaped ? _code : escape$2(_code, true)) + '</code></pre>\n';
+             }
 
-       function getBubbles(url, tile, callback) {
-         var rect = tile.extent.rectangle();
-         var urlForRequest = url + utilQsString({
-           n: rect[3],
-           s: rect[1],
-           e: rect[2],
-           w: rect[0],
-           c: maxResults$2,
-           appkey: bubbleAppKey,
-           jsCallback: '{callback}'
-         });
-         return jsonpRequest(urlForRequest, function (data) {
-           if (!data || data.error) {
-             callback(null);
-           } else {
-             callback(data);
+             return '<pre><code class="' + this.options.langPrefix + escape$2(lang, true) + '">' + (escaped ? _code : escape$2(_code, true)) + '</code></pre>\n';
            }
-         });
-       } // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
-
-
-       function partitionViewport$2(projection) {
-         var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-         var z2 = Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2 + 2.5; // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
+         }, {
+           key: "blockquote",
+           value: function blockquote(quote) {
+             return '<blockquote>\n' + quote + '</blockquote>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "html",
+           value: function html(_html) {
+             return _html;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "heading",
+           value: function heading(text, level, raw, slugger) {
+             if (this.options.headerIds) {
+               return '<h' + level + ' id="' + this.options.headerPrefix + slugger.slug(raw) + '">' + text + '</h' + level + '>\n';
+             } // ignore IDs
 
-         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
-         return tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
-           return tile.extent;
-         });
-       } // no more than `limit` results per partition.
 
+             return '<h' + level + '>' + text + '</h' + level + '>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "hr",
+           value: function hr() {
+             return this.options.xhtml ? '<hr/>\n' : '<hr>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "list",
+           value: function list(body, ordered, start) {
+             var type = ordered ? 'ol' : 'ul',
+                 startatt = ordered && start !== 1 ? ' start="' + start + '"' : '';
+             return '<' + type + startatt + '>\n' + body + '</' + type + '>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "listitem",
+           value: function listitem(text) {
+             return '<li>' + text + '</li>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "checkbox",
+           value: function checkbox(checked) {
+             return '<input ' + (checked ? 'checked="" ' : '') + 'disabled="" type="checkbox"' + (this.options.xhtml ? ' /' : '') + '> ';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "paragraph",
+           value: function paragraph(text) {
+             return '<p>' + text + '</p>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "table",
+           value: function table(header, body) {
+             if (body) body = '<tbody>' + body + '</tbody>';
+             return '<table>\n' + '<thead>\n' + header + '</thead>\n' + body + '</table>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "tablerow",
+           value: function tablerow(content) {
+             return '<tr>\n' + content + '</tr>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "tablecell",
+           value: function tablecell(content, flags) {
+             var type = flags.header ? 'th' : 'td';
+             var tag = flags.align ? '<' + type + ' align="' + flags.align + '">' : '<' + type + '>';
+             return tag + content + '</' + type + '>\n';
+           } // span level renderer
 
-       function searchLimited$2(limit, projection, rtree) {
-         limit = limit || 5;
-         return partitionViewport$2(projection).reduce(function (result, extent) {
-           var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox()).slice(0, limit).map(function (d) {
-             return d.data;
-           });
-           return found.length ? result.concat(found) : result;
-         }, []);
-       }
-       /**
-        * loadImage()
-        */
+         }, {
+           key: "strong",
+           value: function strong(text) {
+             return '<strong>' + text + '</strong>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "em",
+           value: function em(text) {
+             return '<em>' + text + '</em>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "codespan",
+           value: function codespan(text) {
+             return '<code>' + text + '</code>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "br",
+           value: function br() {
+             return this.options.xhtml ? '<br/>' : '<br>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "del",
+           value: function del(text) {
+             return '<del>' + text + '</del>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "link",
+           value: function link(href, title, text) {
+             href = cleanUrl(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
 
+             if (href === null) {
+               return text;
+             }
 
-       function loadImage(imgInfo) {
-         return new Promise(function (resolve) {
-           var img = new Image();
+             var out = '<a href="' + escape$2(href) + '"';
 
-           img.onload = function () {
-             var canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + imgInfo.face);
-             var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
-             ctx.drawImage(img, imgInfo.x, imgInfo.y);
-             resolve({
-               imgInfo: imgInfo,
-               status: 'ok'
-             });
-           };
+             if (title) {
+               out += ' title="' + title + '"';
+             }
 
-           img.onerror = function () {
-             resolve({
-               data: imgInfo,
-               status: 'error'
-             });
-           };
+             out += '>' + text + '</a>';
+             return out;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "image",
+           value: function image(href, title, text) {
+             href = cleanUrl(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
 
-           img.setAttribute('crossorigin', '');
-           img.src = imgInfo.url;
-         });
-       }
-       /**
-        * loadCanvas()
-        */
+             if (href === null) {
+               return text;
+             }
 
+             var out = '<img src="' + href + '" alt="' + text + '"';
 
-       function loadCanvas(imageGroup) {
-         return Promise.all(imageGroup.map(loadImage)).then(function (data) {
-           var canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + data[0].imgInfo.face);
-           var which = {
-             '01': 0,
-             '02': 1,
-             '03': 2,
-             '10': 3,
-             '11': 4,
-             '12': 5
-           };
-           var face = data[0].imgInfo.face;
-           _sceneOptions.cubeMap[which[face]] = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 1.0);
-           return {
-             status: 'loadCanvas for face ' + data[0].imgInfo.face + 'ok'
-           };
-         });
-       }
-       /**
-        * loadFaces()
-        */
+             if (title) {
+               out += ' title="' + title + '"';
+             }
 
+             out += this.options.xhtml ? '/>' : '>';
+             return out;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "text",
+           value: function text(_text) {
+             return _text;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-       function loadFaces(faceGroup) {
-         return Promise.all(faceGroup.map(loadCanvas)).then(function () {
-           return {
-             status: 'loadFaces done'
-           };
-         });
-       }
+         return Renderer;
+       }();
 
-       function setupCanvas(selection, reset) {
-         if (reset) {
-           selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases').remove();
-         } // Add the Streetside working canvases. These are used for 'stitching', or combining,
-         // multiple images for each of the six faces, before passing to the Pannellum control as DataUrls
+       var TextRenderer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function TextRenderer() {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, TextRenderer);
+         }
 
+         _createClass$1(TextRenderer, [{
+           key: "strong",
+           value: // no need for block level renderers
+           function strong(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "em",
+           value: function em(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "codespan",
+           value: function codespan(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "del",
+           value: function del(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "html",
+           value: function html(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "text",
+           value: function text(_text) {
+             return _text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "link",
+           value: function link(href, title, text) {
+             return '' + text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "image",
+           value: function image(href, title, text) {
+             return '' + text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "br",
+           value: function br() {
+             return '';
+           }
+         }]);
 
-         selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('id', 'ideditor-stitcher-canvases').attr('display', 'none').selectAll('canvas').data(['canvas01', 'canvas02', 'canvas03', 'canvas10', 'canvas11', 'canvas12']).enter().append('canvas').attr('id', function (d) {
-           return 'ideditor-' + d;
-         }).attr('width', _resolution).attr('height', _resolution);
-       }
+         return TextRenderer;
+       }();
 
-       function qkToXY(qk) {
-         var x = 0;
-         var y = 0;
-         var scale = 256;
+       var Slugger_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Slugger() {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Slugger);
 
-         for (var i = qk.length; i > 0; i--) {
-           var key = qk[i - 1];
-           x += +(key === '1' || key === '3') * scale;
-           y += +(key === '2' || key === '3') * scale;
-           scale *= 2;
+           this.seen = {};
          }
 
-         return [x, y];
-       }
-
-       function getQuadKeys() {
-         var dim = _resolution / 256;
-         var quadKeys;
+         _createClass$1(Slugger, [{
+           key: "serialize",
+           value: function serialize(value) {
+             return value.toLowerCase().trim() // remove html tags
+             .replace(/<[!\/a-z].*?>/ig, '') // remove unwanted chars
+             .replace(/[\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\\'!"#$%&()*+,./:;<=>?@[\]^`{|}~]/g, '').replace(/\s/g, '-');
+           }
+           /**
+            * Finds the next safe (unique) slug to use
+            */
 
-         if (dim === 16) {
-           quadKeys = ['0000', '0001', '0010', '0011', '0100', '0101', '0110', '0111', '1000', '1001', '1010', '1011', '1100', '1101', '1110', '1111', '0002', '0003', '0012', '0013', '0102', '0103', '0112', '0113', '1002', '1003', '1012', '1013', '1102', '1103', '1112', '1113', '0020', '0021', '0030', '0031', '0120', '0121', '0130', '0131', '1020', '1021', '1030', '1031', '1120', '1121', '1130', '1131', '0022', '0023', '0032', '0033', '0122', '0123', '0132', '0133', '1022', '1023', '1032', '1033', '1122', '1123', '1132', '1133', '0200', '0201', '0210', '0211', '0300', '0301', '0310', '0311', '1200', '1201', '1210', '1211', '1300', '1301', '1310', '1311', '0202', '0203', '0212', '0213', '0302', '0303', '0312', '0313', '1202', '1203', '1212', '1213', '1302', '1303', '1312', '1313', '0220', '0221', '0230', '0231', '0320', '0321', '0330', '0331', '1220', '1221', '1230', '1231', '1320', '1321', '1330', '1331', '0222', '0223', '0232', '0233', '0322', '0323', '0332', '0333', '1222', '1223', '1232', '1233', '1322', '1323', '1332', '1333', '2000', '2001', '2010', '2011', '2100', '2101', '2110', '2111', '3000', '3001', '3010', '3011', '3100', '3101', '3110', '3111', '2002', '2003', '2012', '2013', '2102', '2103', '2112', '2113', '3002', '3003', '3012', '3013', '3102', '3103', '3112', '3113', '2020', '2021', '2030', '2031', '2120', '2121', '2130', '2131', '3020', '3021', '3030', '3031', '3120', '3121', '3130', '3131', '2022', '2023', '2032', '2033', '2122', '2123', '2132', '2133', '3022', '3023', '3032', '3033', '3122', '3123', '3132', '3133', '2200', '2201', '2210', '2211', '2300', '2301', '2310', '2311', '3200', '3201', '3210', '3211', '3300', '3301', '3310', '3311', '2202', '2203', '2212', '2213', '2302', '2303', '2312', '2313', '3202', '3203', '3212', '3213', '3302', '3303', '3312', '3313', '2220', '2221', '2230', '2231', '2320', '2321', '2330', '2331', '3220', '3221', '3230', '3231', '3320', '3321', '3330', '3331', '2222', '2223', '2232', '2233', '2322', '2323', '2332', '2333', '3222', '3223', '3232', '3233', '3322', '3323', '3332', '3333'];
-         } else if (dim === 8) {
-           quadKeys = ['000', '001', '010', '011', '100', '101', '110', '111', '002', '003', '012', '013', '102', '103', '112', '113', '020', '021', '030', '031', '120', '121', '130', '131', '022', '023', '032', '033', '122', '123', '132', '133', '200', '201', '210', '211', '300', '301', '310', '311', '202', '203', '212', '213', '302', '303', '312', '313', '220', '221', '230', '231', '320', '321', '330', '331', '222', '223', '232', '233', '322', '323', '332', '333'];
-         } else if (dim === 4) {
-           quadKeys = ['00', '01', '10', '11', '02', '03', '12', '13', '20', '21', '30', '31', '22', '23', '32', '33'];
-         } else {
-           // dim === 2
-           quadKeys = ['0', '1', '2', '3'];
-         }
+         }, {
+           key: "getNextSafeSlug",
+           value: function getNextSafeSlug(originalSlug, isDryRun) {
+             var slug = originalSlug;
+             var occurenceAccumulator = 0;
 
-         return quadKeys;
-       }
+             if (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug)) {
+               occurenceAccumulator = this.seen[originalSlug];
 
-       var serviceStreetside = {
-         /**
-          * init() initialize streetside.
-          */
-         init: function init() {
-           if (!_ssCache) {
-             this.reset();
-           }
+               do {
+                 occurenceAccumulator++;
+                 slug = originalSlug + '-' + occurenceAccumulator;
+               } while (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug));
+             }
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$7, 'on');
-         },
+             if (!isDryRun) {
+               this.seen[originalSlug] = occurenceAccumulator;
+               this.seen[slug] = 0;
+             }
 
-         /**
-          * reset() reset the cache.
-          */
-         reset: function reset() {
-           if (_ssCache) {
-             Object.values(_ssCache.bubbles.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$6);
+             return slug;
            }
+           /**
+            * Convert string to unique id
+            * @param {object} options
+            * @param {boolean} options.dryrun Generates the next unique slug without updating the internal accumulator.
+            */
 
-           _ssCache = {
-             bubbles: {
-               inflight: {},
-               loaded: {},
-               nextPage: {},
-               rtree: new RBush(),
-               points: {},
-               leaders: []
-             },
-             sequences: {}
-           };
-         },
-
-         /**
-          * bubbles()
-          */
-         bubbles: function bubbles(projection) {
-           var limit = 5;
-           return searchLimited$2(limit, projection, _ssCache.bubbles.rtree);
-         },
-         cachedImage: function cachedImage(imageKey) {
-           return _ssCache.bubbles.points[imageKey];
-         },
-         sequences: function sequences(projection) {
-           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-           var seen = {};
-           var results = []; // all sequences for bubbles in viewport
+         }, {
+           key: "slug",
+           value: function slug(value) {
+             var options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
+             var slug = this.serialize(value);
+             return this.getNextSafeSlug(slug, options.dryrun);
+           }
+         }]);
 
-           _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(bbox).forEach(function (d) {
-             var key = d.data.sequenceKey;
+         return Slugger;
+       }();
 
-             if (key && !seen[key]) {
-               seen[key] = true;
-               results.push(_ssCache.sequences[key].geojson);
-             }
-           });
+       var Renderer$1 = Renderer_1;
+       var TextRenderer$1 = TextRenderer_1;
+       var Slugger$1 = Slugger_1;
+       var defaults$1 = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       var unescape$1 = helpers.unescape;
+       /**
+        * Parsing & Compiling
+        */
 
-           return results;
-         },
+       var Parser_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Parser(options) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Parser);
 
+           this.options = options || defaults$1;
+           this.options.renderer = this.options.renderer || new Renderer$1();
+           this.renderer = this.options.renderer;
+           this.renderer.options = this.options;
+           this.textRenderer = new TextRenderer$1();
+           this.slugger = new Slugger$1();
+         }
          /**
-          * loadBubbles()
+          * Static Parse Method
           */
-         loadBubbles: function loadBubbles(projection, margin) {
-           // by default: request 2 nearby tiles so we can connect sequences.
-           if (margin === undefined) margin = 2;
-           loadTiles$2('bubbles', bubbleApi, projection, margin);
-         },
-         viewer: function viewer() {
-           return _pannellumViewer;
-         },
-         initViewer: function initViewer() {
-           if (!window.pannellum) return;
-           if (_pannellumViewer) return;
-           _currScene += 1;
-
-           var sceneID = _currScene.toString();
-
-           var options = {
-             'default': {
-               firstScene: sceneID
-             },
-             scenes: {}
-           };
-           options.scenes[sceneID] = _sceneOptions;
-           _pannellumViewer = window.pannellum.viewer('ideditor-viewer-streetside', options);
-         },
-         ensureViewerLoaded: function ensureViewerLoaded(context) {
-           if (_loadViewerPromise$2) return _loadViewerPromise$2; // create ms-wrapper, a photo wrapper class
-
-           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.ms-wrapper').data([0]); // inject ms-wrapper into the photoviewer div
-           // (used by all to house each custom photo viewer)
-
-           var wrapEnter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'photo-wrapper ms-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
-           var that = this;
-           var pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse'; // inject div to support streetside viewer (pannellum) and attribution line
 
-           wrapEnter.append('div').attr('id', 'ideditor-viewer-streetside').on(pointerPrefix + 'down.streetside', function () {
-             select(window).on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', function () {
-               dispatch$7.call('viewerChanged');
-             }, true);
-           }).on(pointerPrefix + 'up.streetside pointercancel.streetside', function () {
-             select(window).on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', null); // continue dispatching events for a few seconds, in case viewer has inertia.
 
-             var t = timer(function (elapsed) {
-               dispatch$7.call('viewerChanged');
+         _createClass$1(Parser, [{
+           key: "parse",
+           value:
+           /**
+            * Parse Loop
+            */
+           function parse(tokens) {
+             var top = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : true;
+             var out = '',
+                 i,
+                 j,
+                 k,
+                 l2,
+                 l3,
+                 row,
+                 cell,
+                 header,
+                 body,
+                 token,
+                 ordered,
+                 start,
+                 loose,
+                 itemBody,
+                 item,
+                 checked,
+                 task,
+                 checkbox;
+             var l = tokens.length;
 
-               if (elapsed > 2000) {
-                 t.stop();
-               }
-             });
-           }).append('div').attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');
-           var controlsEnter = wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap').append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls');
-           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.back', step(-1)).html('◄');
-           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.forward', step(1)).html('►'); // create working canvas for stitching together images
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+               token = tokens[i];
 
-           wrap = wrap.merge(wrapEnter).call(setupCanvas, true); // Register viewer resize handler
+               switch (token.type) {
+                 case 'space':
+                   {
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.streetside', function () {
-             if (_pannellumViewer) {
-               _pannellumViewer.resize();
-             }
-           });
-           _loadViewerPromise$2 = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
-             var loadedCount = 0;
+                 case 'hr':
+                   {
+                     out += this.renderer.hr();
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-             function loaded() {
-               loadedCount += 1; // wait until both files are loaded
+                 case 'heading':
+                   {
+                     out += this.renderer.heading(this.parseInline(token.tokens), token.depth, unescape$1(this.parseInline(token.tokens, this.textRenderer)), this.slugger);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-               if (loadedCount === 2) resolve();
-             }
+                 case 'code':
+                   {
+                     out += this.renderer.code(token.text, token.lang, token.escaped);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-             var head = select('head'); // load streetside pannellum viewer css
+                 case 'table':
+                   {
+                     header = ''; // header
 
-             head.selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewercss').data([0]).enter().append('link').attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewercss').attr('rel', 'stylesheet').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('href', context.asset(pannellumViewerCSS)).on('load.serviceStreetside', loaded).on('error.serviceStreetside', function () {
-               reject();
-             }); // load streetside pannellum viewer js
+                     cell = '';
+                     l2 = token.header.length;
 
-             head.selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewerjs').data([0]).enter().append('script').attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewerjs').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('src', context.asset(pannellumViewerJS)).on('load.serviceStreetside', loaded).on('error.serviceStreetside', function () {
-               reject();
-             });
-           })["catch"](function () {
-             _loadViewerPromise$2 = null;
-           });
-           return _loadViewerPromise$2;
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       cell += this.renderer.tablecell(this.parseInline(token.tokens.header[j]), {
+                         header: true,
+                         align: token.align[j]
+                       });
+                     }
 
-           function step(stepBy) {
-             return function () {
-               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
-               if (!selected) return;
-               var nextID = stepBy === 1 ? selected.ne : selected.pr;
+                     header += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);
+                     body = '';
+                     l2 = token.cells.length;
 
-               var yaw = _pannellumViewer.getYaw();
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       row = token.tokens.cells[j];
+                       cell = '';
+                       l3 = row.length;
 
-               var ca = selected.ca + yaw;
-               var origin = selected.loc; // construct a search trapezoid pointing out from current bubble
+                       for (k = 0; k < l3; k++) {
+                         cell += this.renderer.tablecell(this.parseInline(row[k]), {
+                           header: false,
+                           align: token.align[k]
+                         });
+                       }
 
-               var meters = 35;
-               var p1 = [origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]), origin[1]];
-               var p2 = [origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]), origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)];
-               var p3 = [origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]), origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)];
-               var p4 = [origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]), origin[1]];
-               var poly = [p1, p2, p3, p4, p1]; // rotate it to face forward/backward
+                       body += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);
+                     }
 
-               var angle = (stepBy === 1 ? ca : ca + 180) * (Math.PI / 180);
-               poly = geoRotate(poly, -angle, origin);
-               var extent = poly.reduce(function (extent, point) {
-                 return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
-               }, geoExtent()); // find nearest other bubble in the search polygon
+                     out += this.renderer.table(header, body);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-               var minDist = Infinity;
+                 case 'blockquote':
+                   {
+                     body = this.parse(token.tokens);
+                     out += this.renderer.blockquote(body);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-               _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(extent.bbox()).forEach(function (d) {
-                 if (d.data.key === selected.key) return;
-                 if (!geoPointInPolygon(d.data.loc, poly)) return;
-                 var dist = geoVecLength(d.data.loc, selected.loc);
-                 var theta = selected.ca - d.data.ca;
-                 var minTheta = Math.min(Math.abs(theta), 360 - Math.abs(theta));
+                 case 'list':
+                   {
+                     ordered = token.ordered;
+                     start = token.start;
+                     loose = token.loose;
+                     l2 = token.items.length;
+                     body = '';
 
-                 if (minTheta > 20) {
-                   dist += 5; // penalize distance if camera angles don't match
-                 }
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       item = token.items[j];
+                       checked = item.checked;
+                       task = item.task;
+                       itemBody = '';
 
-                 if (dist < minDist) {
-                   nextID = d.data.key;
-                   minDist = dist;
-                 }
-               });
+                       if (item.task) {
+                         checkbox = this.renderer.checkbox(checked);
 
-               var nextBubble = nextID && that.cachedImage(nextID);
-               if (!nextBubble) return;
-               context.map().centerEase(nextBubble.loc);
-               that.selectImage(context, nextBubble.key).yaw(yaw).showViewer(context);
-             };
-           }
-         },
-         yaw: function yaw(_yaw) {
-           if (typeof _yaw !== 'number') return _yaw;
-           _sceneOptions.yaw = _yaw;
-           return this;
-         },
+                         if (loose) {
+                           if (item.tokens.length > 0 && item.tokens[0].type === 'text') {
+                             item.tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].text;
 
-         /**
-          * showViewer()
-          */
-         showViewer: function showViewer(context) {
-           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').classed('hide', false);
-           var isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper.hide').size();
+                             if (item.tokens[0].tokens && item.tokens[0].tokens.length > 0 && item.tokens[0].tokens[0].type === 'text') {
+                               item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text;
+                             }
+                           } else {
+                             item.tokens.unshift({
+                               type: 'text',
+                               text: checkbox
+                             });
+                           }
+                         } else {
+                           itemBody += checkbox;
+                         }
+                       }
 
-           if (isHidden) {
-             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.ms-wrapper)').classed('hide', true);
-             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper').classed('hide', false);
-           }
+                       itemBody += this.parse(item.tokens, loose);
+                       body += this.renderer.listitem(itemBody, task, checked);
+                     }
 
-           return this;
-         },
+                     out += this.renderer.list(body, ordered, start);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-         /**
-          * hideViewer()
-          */
-         hideViewer: function hideViewer(context) {
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
-           viewer.classed('hide', true).selectAll('.photo-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
-           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign').classed('currentView', false);
-           this.updateUrlImage(null);
-           return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
-         },
+                 case 'html':
+                   {
+                     // TODO parse inline content if parameter markdown=1
+                     out += this.renderer.html(token.text);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-         /**
-          * selectImage().
-          */
-         selectImage: function selectImage(context, key) {
-           var that = this;
-           var d = this.cachedImage(key);
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
-           this.setStyles(context, null, true);
-           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .ms-wrapper');
-           var attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').html('');
-           wrap.selectAll('.pnlm-load-box') // display "loading.."
-           .style('display', 'block');
-           if (!d) return this;
-           this.updateUrlImage(key);
-           _sceneOptions.northOffset = d.ca;
-           var line1 = attribution.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-row');
-           var hiresDomId = utilUniqueDomId('streetside-hires'); // Add hires checkbox
+                 case 'paragraph':
+                   {
+                     out += this.renderer.paragraph(this.parseInline(token.tokens));
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-           var label = line1.append('label').attr('for', hiresDomId).attr('class', 'streetside-hires');
-           label.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').attr('id', hiresDomId).property('checked', _hires).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             _hires = !_hires;
-             _resolution = _hires ? 1024 : 512;
-             wrap.call(setupCanvas, true);
-             var viewstate = {
-               yaw: _pannellumViewer.getYaw(),
-               pitch: _pannellumViewer.getPitch(),
-               hfov: _pannellumViewer.getHfov()
-             };
-             _sceneOptions = Object.assign(_sceneOptions, viewstate);
-             that.selectImage(context, d.key).showViewer(context);
-           });
-           label.append('span').html(_t.html('streetside.hires'));
-           var captureInfo = line1.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-capture-info'); // Add capture date
+                 case 'text':
+                   {
+                     body = token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text;
 
-           if (d.captured_by) {
-             var yyyy = new Date().getFullYear();
-             captureInfo.append('a').attr('class', 'captured_by').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/maps/streetside').html('©' + yyyy + ' Microsoft');
-             captureInfo.append('span').html('|');
-           }
+                     while (i + 1 < l && tokens[i + 1].type === 'text') {
+                       token = tokens[++i];
+                       body += '\n' + (token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text);
+                     }
 
-           if (d.captured_at) {
-             captureInfo.append('span').attr('class', 'captured_at').html(localeTimestamp(d.captured_at));
-           } // Add image links
+                     out += top ? this.renderer.paragraph(body) : body;
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
+                 default:
+                   {
+                     var errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
 
-           var line2 = attribution.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-row');
-           line2.append('a').attr('class', 'image-view-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps?cp=' + d.loc[1] + '~' + d.loc[0] + '&lvl=17&dir=' + d.ca + '&style=x&v=2&sV=1').html(_t.html('streetside.view_on_bing'));
-           line2.append('a').attr('class', 'image-report-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps/privacyreport/streetsideprivacyreport?bubbleid=' + encodeURIComponent(d.key) + '&focus=photo&lat=' + d.loc[1] + '&lng=' + d.loc[0] + '&z=17').html(_t.html('streetside.report'));
-           var bubbleIdQuadKey = d.key.toString(4);
-           var paddingNeeded = 16 - bubbleIdQuadKey.length;
+                     if (this.options.silent) {
+                       console.error(errMsg);
+                       return;
+                     } else {
+                       throw new Error(errMsg);
+                     }
+                   }
+               }
+             }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < paddingNeeded; i++) {
-             bubbleIdQuadKey = '0' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
+             return out;
            }
+           /**
+            * Parse Inline Tokens
+            */
 
-           var imgUrlPrefix = streetsideImagesApi + 'hs' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
-           var imgUrlSuffix = '.jpg?g=6338&n=z'; // Cubemap face code order matters here: front=01, right=02, back=03, left=10, up=11, down=12
+         }, {
+           key: "parseInline",
+           value: function parseInline(tokens, renderer) {
+             renderer = renderer || this.renderer;
+             var out = '',
+                 i,
+                 token;
+             var l = tokens.length;
 
-           var faceKeys = ['01', '02', '03', '10', '11', '12']; // Map images to cube faces
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+               token = tokens[i];
 
-           var quadKeys = getQuadKeys();
-           var faces = faceKeys.map(function (faceKey) {
-             return quadKeys.map(function (quadKey) {
-               var xy = qkToXY(quadKey);
-               return {
-                 face: faceKey,
-                 url: imgUrlPrefix + faceKey + quadKey + imgUrlSuffix,
-                 x: xy[0],
-                 y: xy[1]
-               };
-             });
-           });
-           loadFaces(faces).then(function () {
-             if (!_pannellumViewer) {
-               that.initViewer();
-             } else {
-               // make a new scene
-               _currScene += 1;
+               switch (token.type) {
+                 case 'escape':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.text(token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               var sceneID = _currScene.toString();
+                 case 'html':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.html(token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               _pannellumViewer.addScene(sceneID, _sceneOptions).loadScene(sceneID); // remove previous scene
+                 case 'link':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.link(token.href, token.title, this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
+                     break;
+                   }
 
+                 case 'image':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.image(token.href, token.title, token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               if (_currScene > 2) {
-                 sceneID = (_currScene - 1).toString();
+                 case 'strong':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.strong(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-                 _pannellumViewer.removeScene(sceneID);
-               }
-             }
-           });
-           return this;
-         },
-         getSequenceKeyForBubble: function getSequenceKeyForBubble(d) {
-           return d && d.sequenceKey;
-         },
-         // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
-         // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
-         // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
-         setStyles: function setStyles(context, hovered, reset) {
-           if (reset) {
-             // reset all layers
-             context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', false).classed('hovered', false).classed('currentView', false);
-             context.container().selectAll('.sequence').classed('highlighted', false).classed('currentView', false);
-           }
+                 case 'em':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.em(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-           var hoveredBubbleKey = hovered && hovered.key;
-           var hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(hovered);
-           var hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
-           var hoveredBubbleKeys = hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.bubbles.map(function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }) || [];
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
-           var selectedBubbleKey = selected && selected.key;
-           var selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(selected);
-           var selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
-           var selectedBubbleKeys = selectedSequence && selectedSequence.bubbles.map(function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }) || []; // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
+                 case 'codespan':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.codespan(token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-           var highlightedBubbleKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredBubbleKeys, selectedBubbleKeys);
-           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
-             return highlightedBubbleKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1;
-           }).classed('hovered', function (d) {
-             return d.key === hoveredBubbleKey;
-           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
-             return d.key === selectedBubbleKey;
-           });
-           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .sequence').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
-             return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey;
-           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
-             return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey;
-           }); // update viewfields if needed
+                 case 'br':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.br();
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group .viewfield').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
+                 case 'del':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.del(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-           function viewfieldPath() {
-             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
+                 case 'text':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.text(token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-             if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedBubbleKey) {
-               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
-             } else {
-               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+                 default:
+                   {
+                     var errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
+
+                     if (this.options.silent) {
+                       console.error(errMsg);
+                       return;
+                     } else {
+                       throw new Error(errMsg);
+                     }
+                   }
+               }
              }
+
+             return out;
+           }
+         }], [{
+           key: "parse",
+           value: function parse(tokens, options) {
+             var parser = new Parser(options);
+             return parser.parse(tokens);
            }
+           /**
+            * Static Parse Inline Method
+            */
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         updateUrlImage: function updateUrlImage(imageKey) {
-           if (!window.mocha) {
-             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+         }, {
+           key: "parseInline",
+           value: function parseInline(tokens, options) {
+             var parser = new Parser(options);
+             return parser.parseInline(tokens);
+           }
+         }]);
 
-             if (imageKey) {
-               hash.photo = 'streetside/' + imageKey;
-             } else {
-               delete hash.photo;
-             }
+         return Parser;
+       }();
 
-             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
-           }
-         },
+       var Lexer = Lexer_1;
+       var Parser = Parser_1;
+       var Tokenizer = Tokenizer_1;
+       var Renderer = Renderer_1;
+       var TextRenderer = TextRenderer_1;
+       var Slugger = Slugger_1;
+       var merge = helpers.merge,
+           checkSanitizeDeprecation = helpers.checkSanitizeDeprecation,
+           escape$1 = helpers.escape;
+       var getDefaults = defaults$5.exports.getDefaults,
+           changeDefaults = defaults$5.exports.changeDefaults,
+           defaults = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       /**
+        * Marked
+        */
 
-         /**
-          * cache().
-          */
-         cache: function cache() {
-           return _ssCache;
+       function marked(src, opt, callback) {
+         // throw error in case of non string input
+         if (typeof src === 'undefined' || src === null) {
+           throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is undefined or null');
          }
-       };
 
-       var _apibase$1 = 'https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/api/4/';
-       var _inflight$2 = {};
-       var _popularKeys = {};
-       var _taginfoCache = {};
-       var tag_sorts = {
-         point: 'count_nodes',
-         vertex: 'count_nodes',
-         area: 'count_ways',
-         line: 'count_ways'
-       };
-       var tag_sort_members = {
-         point: 'count_node_members',
-         vertex: 'count_node_members',
-         area: 'count_way_members',
-         line: 'count_way_members',
-         relation: 'count_relation_members'
-       };
-       var tag_filters = {
-         point: 'nodes',
-         vertex: 'nodes',
-         area: 'ways',
-         line: 'ways'
-       };
-       var tag_members_fractions = {
-         point: 'count_node_members_fraction',
-         vertex: 'count_node_members_fraction',
-         area: 'count_way_members_fraction',
-         line: 'count_way_members_fraction',
-         relation: 'count_relation_members_fraction'
-       };
+         if (typeof src !== 'string') {
+           throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is of type ' + Object.prototype.toString.call(src) + ', string expected');
+         }
 
-       function sets(params, n, o) {
-         if (params.geometry && o[params.geometry]) {
-           params[n] = o[params.geometry];
+         if (typeof opt === 'function') {
+           callback = opt;
+           opt = null;
          }
 
-         return params;
-       }
+         opt = merge({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
+         checkSanitizeDeprecation(opt);
 
-       function setFilter(params) {
-         return sets(params, 'filter', tag_filters);
-       }
+         if (callback) {
+           var highlight = opt.highlight;
+           var tokens;
 
-       function setSort(params) {
-         return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sorts);
-       }
+           try {
+             tokens = Lexer.lex(src, opt);
+           } catch (e) {
+             return callback(e);
+           }
 
-       function setSortMembers(params) {
-         return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sort_members);
-       }
+           var done = function done(err) {
+             var out;
 
-       function clean(params) {
-         return utilObjectOmit(params, ['geometry', 'debounce']);
-       }
+             if (!err) {
+               try {
+                 if (opt.walkTokens) {
+                   marked.walkTokens(tokens, opt.walkTokens);
+                 }
 
-       function filterKeys(type) {
-         var count_type = type ? 'count_' + type : 'count_all';
-         return function (d) {
-           return parseFloat(d[count_type]) > 2500 || d.in_wiki;
-         };
-       }
+                 out = Parser.parse(tokens, opt);
+               } catch (e) {
+                 err = e;
+               }
+             }
 
-       function filterMultikeys(prefix) {
-         return function (d) {
-           // d.key begins with prefix, and d.key contains no additional ':'s
-           var re = new RegExp('^' + prefix + '(.*)$');
-           var matches = d.key.match(re) || [];
-           return matches.length === 2 && matches[1].indexOf(':') === -1;
-         };
-       }
+             opt.highlight = highlight;
+             return err ? callback(err) : callback(null, out);
+           };
 
-       function filterValues(allowUpperCase) {
-         return function (d) {
-           if (d.value.match(/[;,]/) !== null) return false; // exclude some punctuation
+           if (!highlight || highlight.length < 3) {
+             return done();
+           }
 
-           if (!allowUpperCase && d.value.match(/[A-Z*]/) !== null) return false; // exclude uppercase letters
+           delete opt.highlight;
+           if (!tokens.length) return done();
+           var pending = 0;
+           marked.walkTokens(tokens, function (token) {
+             if (token.type === 'code') {
+               pending++;
+               setTimeout(function () {
+                 highlight(token.text, token.lang, function (err, code) {
+                   if (err) {
+                     return done(err);
+                   }
 
-           return parseFloat(d.fraction) > 0.0;
-         };
-       }
+                   if (code != null && code !== token.text) {
+                     token.text = code;
+                     token.escaped = true;
+                   }
 
-       function filterRoles(geometry) {
-         return function (d) {
-           if (d.role === '') return false; // exclude empty role
+                   pending--;
 
-           if (d.role.match(/[A-Z*;,]/) !== null) return false; // exclude uppercase letters and some punctuation
+                   if (pending === 0) {
+                     done();
+                   }
+                 });
+               }, 0);
+             }
+           });
 
-           return parseFloat(d[tag_members_fractions[geometry]]) > 0.0;
-         };
-       }
+           if (pending === 0) {
+             done();
+           }
 
-       function valKey(d) {
-         return {
-           value: d.key,
-           title: d.key
-         };
-       }
+           return;
+         }
 
-       function valKeyDescription(d) {
-         var obj = {
-           value: d.value,
-           title: d.description || d.value
-         };
+         try {
+           var _tokens = Lexer.lex(src, opt);
 
-         if (d.count) {
-           obj.count = d.count;
-         }
+           if (opt.walkTokens) {
+             marked.walkTokens(_tokens, opt.walkTokens);
+           }
 
-         return obj;
+           return Parser.parse(_tokens, opt);
+         } catch (e) {
+           e.message += '\nPlease report this to https://github.com/markedjs/marked.';
+
+           if (opt.silent) {
+             return '<p>An error occurred:</p><pre>' + escape$1(e.message + '', true) + '</pre>';
+           }
+
+           throw e;
+         }
        }
+       /**
+        * Options
+        */
 
-       function roleKey(d) {
-         return {
-           value: d.role,
-           title: d.role
-         };
-       } // sort keys with ':' lower than keys without ':'
 
+       marked.options = marked.setOptions = function (opt) {
+         merge(marked.defaults, opt);
+         changeDefaults(marked.defaults);
+         return marked;
+       };
 
-       function sortKeys(a, b) {
-         return a.key.indexOf(':') === -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') !== -1 ? -1 : a.key.indexOf(':') !== -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') === -1 ? 1 : 0;
-       }
+       marked.getDefaults = getDefaults;
+       marked.defaults = defaults;
+       /**
+        * Use Extension
+        */
 
-       var debouncedRequest$1 = debounce(request$1, 300, {
-         leading: false
-       });
+       marked.use = function (extension) {
+         var opts = merge({}, extension);
 
-       function request$1(url, params, exactMatch, callback, loaded) {
-         if (_inflight$2[url]) return;
-         if (checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback)) return;
-         var controller = new AbortController();
-         _inflight$2[url] = controller;
-         d3_json(url, {
-           signal: controller.signal
-         }).then(function (result) {
-           delete _inflight$2[url];
-           if (loaded) loaded(null, result);
-         })["catch"](function (err) {
-           delete _inflight$2[url];
-           if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
-           if (loaded) loaded(err.message);
-         });
-       }
+         if (extension.renderer) {
+           (function () {
+             var renderer = marked.defaults.renderer || new Renderer();
+
+             var _loop = function _loop(prop) {
+               var prevRenderer = renderer[prop];
+
+               renderer[prop] = function () {
+                 for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) {
+                   args[_key] = arguments[_key];
+                 }
 
-       function checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback) {
-         var rp = params.rp || 25;
-         var testQuery = params.query || '';
-         var testUrl = url;
+                 var ret = extension.renderer[prop].apply(renderer, args);
 
-         do {
-           var hit = _taginfoCache[testUrl]; // exact match, or shorter match yielding fewer than max results (rp)
+                 if (ret === false) {
+                   ret = prevRenderer.apply(renderer, args);
+                 }
 
-           if (hit && (url === testUrl || hit.length < rp)) {
-             callback(null, hit);
-             return true;
-           } // don't try to shorten the query
+                 return ret;
+               };
+             };
 
+             for (var prop in extension.renderer) {
+               _loop(prop);
+             }
 
-           if (exactMatch || !testQuery.length) return false; // do shorten the query to see if we already have a cached result
-           // that has returned fewer than max results (rp)
+             opts.renderer = renderer;
+           })();
+         }
 
-           testQuery = testQuery.slice(0, -1);
-           testUrl = url.replace(/&query=(.*?)&/, '&query=' + testQuery + '&');
-         } while (testQuery.length >= 0);
+         if (extension.tokenizer) {
+           (function () {
+             var tokenizer = marked.defaults.tokenizer || new Tokenizer();
 
-         return false;
-       }
+             var _loop2 = function _loop2(prop) {
+               var prevTokenizer = tokenizer[prop];
 
-       var serviceTaginfo = {
-         init: function init() {
-           _inflight$2 = {};
-           _taginfoCache = {};
-           _popularKeys = {
-             // manually exclude some keys – #5377, #7485
-             postal_code: true,
-             full_name: true,
-             loc_name: true,
-             reg_name: true,
-             short_name: true,
-             sorting_name: true,
-             artist_name: true,
-             nat_name: true,
-             long_name: true,
-             'bridge:name': true
-           }; // Fetch popular keys.  We'll exclude these from `values`
-           // lookups because they stress taginfo, and they aren't likely
-           // to yield meaningful autocomplete results.. see #3955
+               tokenizer[prop] = function () {
+                 for (var _len2 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len2), _key2 = 0; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
+                   args[_key2] = arguments[_key2];
+                 }
 
-           var params = {
-             rp: 100,
-             sortname: 'values_all',
-             sortorder: 'desc',
-             page: 1,
-             debounce: false,
-             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-           };
-           this.keys(params, function (err, data) {
-             if (err) return;
-             data.forEach(function (d) {
-               if (d.value === 'opening_hours') return; // exception
+                 var ret = extension.tokenizer[prop].apply(tokenizer, args);
 
-               _popularKeys[d.value] = true;
-             });
-           });
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           Object.values(_inflight$2).forEach(function (controller) {
-             controller.abort();
-           });
-           _inflight$2 = {};
-         },
-         keys: function keys(params, callback) {
-           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-           params = clean(setSort(params));
-           params = Object.assign({
-             rp: 10,
-             sortname: 'count_all',
-             sortorder: 'desc',
-             page: 1,
-             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-           }, params);
-           var url = _apibase$1 + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
-           doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function (err, d) {
-             if (err) {
-               callback(err);
-             } else {
-               var f = filterKeys(params.filter);
-               var result = d.data.filter(f).sort(sortKeys).map(valKey);
-               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
-               callback(null, result);
-             }
-           });
-         },
-         multikeys: function multikeys(params, callback) {
-           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-           params = clean(setSort(params));
-           params = Object.assign({
-             rp: 25,
-             sortname: 'count_all',
-             sortorder: 'desc',
-             page: 1,
-             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-           }, params);
-           var prefix = params.query;
-           var url = _apibase$1 + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
-           doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function (err, d) {
-             if (err) {
-               callback(err);
-             } else {
-               var f = filterMultikeys(prefix);
-               var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKey);
-               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
-               callback(null, result);
-             }
-           });
-         },
-         values: function values(params, callback) {
-           // Exclude popular keys from values lookups.. see #3955
-           var key = params.key;
+                 if (ret === false) {
+                   ret = prevTokenizer.apply(tokenizer, args);
+                 }
 
-           if (key && _popularKeys[key]) {
-             callback(null, []);
-             return;
-           }
+                 return ret;
+               };
+             };
 
-           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-           params = clean(setSort(setFilter(params)));
-           params = Object.assign({
-             rp: 25,
-             sortname: 'count_all',
-             sortorder: 'desc',
-             page: 1,
-             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-           }, params);
-           var url = _apibase$1 + 'key/values?' + utilQsString(params);
-           doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function (err, d) {
-             if (err) {
-               callback(err);
-             } else {
-               // In most cases we prefer taginfo value results with lowercase letters.
-               // A few OSM keys expect values to contain uppercase values (see #3377).
-               // This is not an exhaustive list (e.g. `name` also has uppercase values)
-               // but these are the fields where taginfo value lookup is most useful.
-               var re = /network|taxon|genus|species|brand|grape_variety|royal_cypher|listed_status|booth|rating|stars|:output|_hours|_times|_ref|manufacturer|country|target|brewery/;
-               var allowUpperCase = re.test(params.key);
-               var f = filterValues(allowUpperCase);
-               var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKeyDescription);
-               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
-               callback(null, result);
-             }
-           });
-         },
-         roles: function roles(params, callback) {
-           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-           var geometry = params.geometry;
-           params = clean(setSortMembers(params));
-           params = Object.assign({
-             rp: 25,
-             sortname: 'count_all_members',
-             sortorder: 'desc',
-             page: 1,
-             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-           }, params);
-           var url = _apibase$1 + 'relation/roles?' + utilQsString(params);
-           doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function (err, d) {
-             if (err) {
-               callback(err);
-             } else {
-               var f = filterRoles(geometry);
-               var result = d.data.filter(f).map(roleKey);
-               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
-               callback(null, result);
+             for (var prop in extension.tokenizer) {
+               _loop2(prop);
              }
-           });
-         },
-         docs: function docs(params, callback) {
-           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-           params = clean(setSort(params));
-           var path = 'key/wiki_pages?';
 
-           if (params.value) {
-             path = 'tag/wiki_pages?';
-           } else if (params.rtype) {
-             path = 'relation/wiki_pages?';
-           }
+             opts.tokenizer = tokenizer;
+           })();
+         }
 
-           var url = _apibase$1 + path + utilQsString(params);
-           doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function (err, d) {
-             if (err) {
-               callback(err);
-             } else {
-               _taginfoCache[url] = d.data;
-               callback(null, d.data);
+         if (extension.walkTokens) {
+           var walkTokens = marked.defaults.walkTokens;
+
+           opts.walkTokens = function (token) {
+             extension.walkTokens(token);
+
+             if (walkTokens) {
+               walkTokens(token);
              }
-           });
-         },
-         apibase: function apibase(_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _apibase$1;
-           _apibase$1 = _;
-           return this;
+           };
          }
+
+         marked.setOptions(opts);
        };
+       /**
+        * Run callback for every token
+        */
 
-       var helpers$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-         /**
-          * @module helpers
-          */
+       marked.walkTokens = function (tokens, callback) {
+         var _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(tokens),
+             _step;
 
-         /**
-          * Earth Radius used with the Harvesine formula and approximates using a spherical (non-ellipsoid) Earth.
-          *
-          * @memberof helpers
-          * @type {number}
-          */
+         try {
+           for (_iterator.s(); !(_step = _iterator.n()).done;) {
+             var token = _step.value;
+             callback(token);
 
-         exports.earthRadius = 6371008.8;
-         /**
-          * Unit of measurement factors using a spherical (non-ellipsoid) earth radius.
-          *
-          * @memberof helpers
-          * @type {Object}
-          */
+             switch (token.type) {
+               case 'table':
+                 {
+                   var _iterator2 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(token.tokens.header),
+                       _step2;
 
-         exports.factors = {
-           centimeters: exports.earthRadius * 100,
-           centimetres: exports.earthRadius * 100,
-           degrees: exports.earthRadius / 111325,
-           feet: exports.earthRadius * 3.28084,
-           inches: exports.earthRadius * 39.370,
-           kilometers: exports.earthRadius / 1000,
-           kilometres: exports.earthRadius / 1000,
-           meters: exports.earthRadius,
-           metres: exports.earthRadius,
-           miles: exports.earthRadius / 1609.344,
-           millimeters: exports.earthRadius * 1000,
-           millimetres: exports.earthRadius * 1000,
-           nauticalmiles: exports.earthRadius / 1852,
-           radians: 1,
-           yards: exports.earthRadius / 1.0936
-         };
-         /**
-          * Units of measurement factors based on 1 meter.
-          *
-          * @memberof helpers
-          * @type {Object}
-          */
+                   try {
+                     for (_iterator2.s(); !(_step2 = _iterator2.n()).done;) {
+                       var cell = _step2.value;
+                       marked.walkTokens(cell, callback);
+                     }
+                   } catch (err) {
+                     _iterator2.e(err);
+                   } finally {
+                     _iterator2.f();
+                   }
 
-         exports.unitsFactors = {
-           centimeters: 100,
-           centimetres: 100,
-           degrees: 1 / 111325,
-           feet: 3.28084,
-           inches: 39.370,
-           kilometers: 1 / 1000,
-           kilometres: 1 / 1000,
-           meters: 1,
-           metres: 1,
-           miles: 1 / 1609.344,
-           millimeters: 1000,
-           millimetres: 1000,
-           nauticalmiles: 1 / 1852,
-           radians: 1 / exports.earthRadius,
-           yards: 1 / 1.0936
-         };
-         /**
-          * Area of measurement factors based on 1 square meter.
-          *
-          * @memberof helpers
-          * @type {Object}
-          */
+                   var _iterator3 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(token.tokens.cells),
+                       _step3;
 
-         exports.areaFactors = {
-           acres: 0.000247105,
-           centimeters: 10000,
-           centimetres: 10000,
-           feet: 10.763910417,
-           inches: 1550.003100006,
-           kilometers: 0.000001,
-           kilometres: 0.000001,
-           meters: 1,
-           metres: 1,
-           miles: 3.86e-7,
-           millimeters: 1000000,
-           millimetres: 1000000,
-           yards: 1.195990046
-         };
-         /**
-          * Wraps a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} in a GeoJSON {@link Feature}.
-          *
-          * @name feature
-          * @param {Geometry} geometry input geometry
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-          * @returns {Feature} a GeoJSON Feature
-          * @example
-          * var geometry = {
-          *   "type": "Point",
-          *   "coordinates": [110, 50]
-          * };
-          *
-          * var feature = turf.feature(geometry);
-          *
-          * //=feature
-          */
+                   try {
+                     for (_iterator3.s(); !(_step3 = _iterator3.n()).done;) {
+                       var row = _step3.value;
 
-         function feature(geom, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
-           }
+                       var _iterator4 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(row),
+                           _step4;
 
-           var feat = {
-             type: "Feature"
-           };
+                       try {
+                         for (_iterator4.s(); !(_step4 = _iterator4.n()).done;) {
+                           var _cell = _step4.value;
+                           marked.walkTokens(_cell, callback);
+                         }
+                       } catch (err) {
+                         _iterator4.e(err);
+                       } finally {
+                         _iterator4.f();
+                       }
+                     }
+                   } catch (err) {
+                     _iterator3.e(err);
+                   } finally {
+                     _iterator3.f();
+                   }
 
-           if (options.id === 0 || options.id) {
-             feat.id = options.id;
-           }
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-           if (options.bbox) {
-             feat.bbox = options.bbox;
-           }
+               case 'list':
+                 {
+                   marked.walkTokens(token.items, callback);
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-           feat.properties = properties || {};
-           feat.geometry = geom;
-           return feat;
+               default:
+                 {
+                   if (token.tokens) {
+                     marked.walkTokens(token.tokens, callback);
+                   }
+                 }
+             }
+           }
+         } catch (err) {
+           _iterator.e(err);
+         } finally {
+           _iterator.f();
          }
+       };
+       /**
+        * Parse Inline
+        */
 
-         exports.feature = feature;
-         /**
-          * Creates a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} from a Geometry string type & coordinates.
-          * For GeometryCollection type use `helpers.geometryCollection`
-          *
-          * @name geometry
-          * @param {string} type Geometry Type
-          * @param {Array<any>} coordinates Coordinates
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @returns {Geometry} a GeoJSON Geometry
-          * @example
-          * var type = "Point";
-          * var coordinates = [110, 50];
-          * var geometry = turf.geometry(type, coordinates);
-          * // => geometry
-          */
-
-         function geometry(type, coordinates, options) {
-
-           switch (type) {
-             case "Point":
-               return point(coordinates).geometry;
-
-             case "LineString":
-               return lineString(coordinates).geometry;
 
-             case "Polygon":
-               return polygon(coordinates).geometry;
+       marked.parseInline = function (src, opt) {
+         // throw error in case of non string input
+         if (typeof src === 'undefined' || src === null) {
+           throw new Error('marked.parseInline(): input parameter is undefined or null');
+         }
 
-             case "MultiPoint":
-               return multiPoint(coordinates).geometry;
+         if (typeof src !== 'string') {
+           throw new Error('marked.parseInline(): input parameter is of type ' + Object.prototype.toString.call(src) + ', string expected');
+         }
 
-             case "MultiLineString":
-               return multiLineString(coordinates).geometry;
+         opt = merge({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
+         checkSanitizeDeprecation(opt);
 
-             case "MultiPolygon":
-               return multiPolygon(coordinates).geometry;
+         try {
+           var tokens = Lexer.lexInline(src, opt);
 
-             default:
-               throw new Error(type + " is invalid");
+           if (opt.walkTokens) {
+             marked.walkTokens(tokens, opt.walkTokens);
            }
-         }
 
-         exports.geometry = geometry;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link Point} {@link Feature} from a Position.
-          *
-          * @name point
-          * @param {Array<number>} coordinates longitude, latitude position (each in decimal degrees)
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-          * @returns {Feature<Point>} a Point feature
-          * @example
-          * var point = turf.point([-75.343, 39.984]);
-          *
-          * //=point
-          */
+           return Parser.parseInline(tokens, opt);
+         } catch (e) {
+           e.message += '\nPlease report this to https://github.com/markedjs/marked.';
 
-         function point(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
+           if (opt.silent) {
+             return '<p>An error occurred:</p><pre>' + escape$1(e.message + '', true) + '</pre>';
            }
 
-           var geom = {
-             type: "Point",
-             coordinates: coordinates
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
+           throw e;
          }
+       };
+       /**
+        * Expose
+        */
 
-         exports.point = point;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link Point} {@link FeatureCollection} from an Array of Point coordinates.
-          *
-          * @name points
-          * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Points
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] Translate these properties to each Feature
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north]
-          * associated with the FeatureCollection
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the FeatureCollection
-          * @returns {FeatureCollection<Point>} Point Feature
-          * @example
-          * var points = turf.points([
-          *   [-75, 39],
-          *   [-80, 45],
-          *   [-78, 50]
-          * ]);
-          *
-          * //=points
-          */
 
-         function points(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
-           }
+       marked.Parser = Parser;
+       marked.parser = Parser.parse;
+       marked.Renderer = Renderer;
+       marked.TextRenderer = TextRenderer;
+       marked.Lexer = Lexer;
+       marked.lexer = Lexer.lex;
+       marked.Tokenizer = Tokenizer;
+       marked.Slugger = Slugger;
+       marked.parse = marked;
+       var marked_1 = marked;
+
+       var tiler$4 = utilTiler();
+       var dispatch$5 = dispatch$8('loaded');
+       var _tileZoom$1 = 14;
+       var _osmoseUrlRoot = 'https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/api/0.3';
+       var _osmoseData = {
+         icons: {},
+         items: []
+       }; // This gets reassigned if reset
+
+       var _cache;
 
-           return featureCollection(coordinates.map(function (coords) {
-             return point(coords, properties);
-           }), options);
+       function abortRequest$4(controller) {
+         if (controller) {
+           controller.abort();
          }
+       }
 
-         exports.points = points;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link Polygon} {@link Feature} from an Array of LinearRings.
-          *
-          * @name polygon
-          * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LinearRings
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-          * @returns {Feature<Polygon>} Polygon Feature
-          * @example
-          * var polygon = turf.polygon([[[-5, 52], [-4, 56], [-2, 51], [-7, 54], [-5, 52]]], { name: 'poly1' });
-          *
-          * //=polygon
-          */
+       function abortUnwantedRequests$1(cache, tiles) {
+         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k === tile.id;
+           });
 
-         function polygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$4(cache.inflightTile[k]);
+             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
            }
+         });
+       }
 
-           for (var _i = 0, coordinates_1 = coordinates; _i < coordinates_1.length; _i++) {
-             var ring = coordinates_1[_i];
+       function encodeIssueRtree(d) {
+         return {
+           minX: d.loc[0],
+           minY: d.loc[1],
+           maxX: d.loc[0],
+           maxY: d.loc[1],
+           data: d
+         };
+       } // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
 
-             if (ring.length < 4) {
-               throw new Error("Each LinearRing of a Polygon must have 4 or more Positions.");
-             }
 
-             for (var j = 0; j < ring[ring.length - 1].length; j++) {
-               // Check if first point of Polygon contains two numbers
-               if (ring[ring.length - 1][j] !== ring[0][j]) {
-                 throw new Error("First and last Position are not equivalent.");
-               }
-             }
-           }
+       function updateRtree$1(item, replace) {
+         _cache.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) {
+           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
+         });
 
-           var geom = {
-             type: "Polygon",
-             coordinates: coordinates
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
+         if (replace) {
+           _cache.rtree.insert(item);
          }
+       } // Issues shouldn't obscure each other
 
-         exports.polygon = polygon;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link Polygon} {@link FeatureCollection} from an Array of Polygon coordinates.
-          *
-          * @name polygons
-          * @param {Array<Array<Array<Array<number>>>>} coordinates an array of Polygon coordinates
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the FeatureCollection
-          * @returns {FeatureCollection<Polygon>} Polygon FeatureCollection
-          * @example
-          * var polygons = turf.polygons([
-          *   [[[-5, 52], [-4, 56], [-2, 51], [-7, 54], [-5, 52]]],
-          *   [[[-15, 42], [-14, 46], [-12, 41], [-17, 44], [-15, 42]]],
-          * ]);
-          *
-          * //=polygons
-          */
 
-         function polygons(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
-           }
+       function preventCoincident(loc) {
+         var coincident = false;
 
-           return featureCollection(coordinates.map(function (coords) {
-             return polygon(coords, properties);
-           }), options);
-         }
+         do {
+           // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
+           var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
+           loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
+           var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
+           coincident = _cache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
+         } while (coincident);
 
-         exports.polygons = polygons;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link LineString} {@link Feature} from an Array of Positions.
-          *
-          * @name lineString
-          * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Positions
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-          * @returns {Feature<LineString>} LineString Feature
-          * @example
-          * var linestring1 = turf.lineString([[-24, 63], [-23, 60], [-25, 65], [-20, 69]], {name: 'line 1'});
-          * var linestring2 = turf.lineString([[-14, 43], [-13, 40], [-15, 45], [-10, 49]], {name: 'line 2'});
-          *
-          * //=linestring1
-          * //=linestring2
-          */
+         return loc;
+       }
 
-         function lineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
-           }
+       var serviceOsmose = {
+         title: 'osmose',
+         init: function init() {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data').then(function (d) {
+             _osmoseData = d.osmose;
+             _osmoseData.items = Object.keys(d.osmose.icons).map(function (s) {
+               return s.split('-')[0];
+             }).reduce(function (unique, item) {
+               return unique.indexOf(item) !== -1 ? unique : [].concat(_toConsumableArray(unique), [item]);
+             }, []);
+           });
 
-           if (coordinates.length < 2) {
-             throw new Error("coordinates must be an array of two or more positions");
+           if (!_cache) {
+             this.reset();
            }
 
-           var geom = {
-             type: "LineString",
-             coordinates: coordinates
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-         }
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$5, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           var _strings = {};
+           var _colors = {};
 
-         exports.lineString = lineString;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link LineString} {@link FeatureCollection} from an Array of LineString coordinates.
-          *
-          * @name lineStrings
-          * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LinearRings
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north]
-          * associated with the FeatureCollection
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the FeatureCollection
-          * @returns {FeatureCollection<LineString>} LineString FeatureCollection
-          * @example
-          * var linestrings = turf.lineStrings([
-          *   [[-24, 63], [-23, 60], [-25, 65], [-20, 69]],
-          *   [[-14, 43], [-13, 40], [-15, 45], [-10, 49]]
-          * ]);
-          *
-          * //=linestrings
-          */
+           if (_cache) {
+             Object.values(_cache.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$4); // Strings and colors are static and should not be re-populated
 
-         function lineStrings(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
+             _strings = _cache.strings;
+             _colors = _cache.colors;
            }
 
-           return featureCollection(coordinates.map(function (coords) {
-             return lineString(coords, properties);
-           }), options);
-         }
+           _cache = {
+             data: {},
+             loadedTile: {},
+             inflightTile: {},
+             inflightPost: {},
+             closed: {},
+             rtree: new RBush(),
+             strings: _strings,
+             colors: _colors
+           };
+         },
+         loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
+           var _this = this;
 
-         exports.lineStrings = lineStrings;
-         /**
-          * Takes one or more {@link Feature|Features} and creates a {@link FeatureCollection}.
-          *
-          * @name featureCollection
-          * @param {Feature[]} features input features
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-          * @returns {FeatureCollection} FeatureCollection of Features
-          * @example
-          * var locationA = turf.point([-75.343, 39.984], {name: 'Location A'});
-          * var locationB = turf.point([-75.833, 39.284], {name: 'Location B'});
-          * var locationC = turf.point([-75.534, 39.123], {name: 'Location C'});
-          *
-          * var collection = turf.featureCollection([
-          *   locationA,
-          *   locationB,
-          *   locationC
-          * ]);
-          *
-          * //=collection
-          */
+           var params = {
+             // Tiles return a maximum # of issues
+             // So we want to filter our request for only types iD supports
+             item: _osmoseData.items
+           }; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
 
-         function featureCollection(features, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
-           }
+           var tiles = tiler$4.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$1, _tileZoom$1]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-           var fc = {
-             type: "FeatureCollection"
-           };
+           abortUnwantedRequests$1(_cache, tiles); // issue new requests..
 
-           if (options.id) {
-             fc.id = options.id;
-           }
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_cache.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
 
-           if (options.bbox) {
-             fc.bbox = options.bbox;
-           }
+             var _tile$xyz = _slicedToArray(tile.xyz, 3),
+                 x = _tile$xyz[0],
+                 y = _tile$xyz[1],
+                 z = _tile$xyz[2];
 
-           fc.features = features;
-           return fc;
-         }
+             var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/issues/").concat(z, "/").concat(x, "/").concat(y, ".json?") + utilQsString(params);
+             var controller = new AbortController();
+             _cache.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;
+             d3_json(url, {
+               signal: controller.signal
+             }).then(function (data) {
+               delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
+               _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+
+               if (data.features) {
+                 data.features.forEach(function (issue) {
+                   var _issue$properties = issue.properties,
+                       item = _issue$properties.item,
+                       cl = _issue$properties["class"],
+                       id = _issue$properties.uuid;
+                   /* Osmose issues are uniquely identified by a unique
+                     `item` and `class` combination (both integer values) */
 
-         exports.featureCollection = featureCollection;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiLineString>} based on a
-          * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
-          *
-          * @name multiLineString
-          * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LineStrings
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-          * @returns {Feature<MultiLineString>} a MultiLineString feature
-          * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
-          * @example
-          * var multiLine = turf.multiLineString([[[0,0],[10,10]]]);
-          *
-          * //=multiLine
-          */
+                   var itemType = "".concat(item, "-").concat(cl); // Filter out unsupported issue types (some are too specific or advanced)
 
-         function multiLineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
-           }
+                   if (itemType in _osmoseData.icons) {
+                     var loc = issue.geometry.coordinates; // lon, lat
 
-           var geom = {
-             type: "MultiLineString",
-             coordinates: coordinates
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-         }
+                     loc = preventCoincident(loc);
+                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, itemType, id, {
+                       item: item
+                     }); // Setting elems here prevents UI detail requests
 
-         exports.multiLineString = multiLineString;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiPoint>} based on a
-          * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
-          *
-          * @name multiPoint
-          * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Positions
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-          * @returns {Feature<MultiPoint>} a MultiPoint feature
-          * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
-          * @example
-          * var multiPt = turf.multiPoint([[0,0],[10,10]]);
-          *
-          * //=multiPt
-          */
+                     if (item === 8300 || item === 8360) {
+                       d.elems = [];
+                     }
 
-         function multiPoint(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
-           }
+                     _cache.data[d.id] = d;
 
-           var geom = {
-             type: "MultiPoint",
-             coordinates: coordinates
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-         }
+                     _cache.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree(d));
+                   }
+                 });
+               }
 
-         exports.multiPoint = multiPoint;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiPolygon>} based on a
-          * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
-          *
-          * @name multiPolygon
-          * @param {Array<Array<Array<Array<number>>>>} coordinates an array of Polygons
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-          * @returns {Feature<MultiPolygon>} a multipolygon feature
-          * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
-          * @example
-          * var multiPoly = turf.multiPolygon([[[[0,0],[0,10],[10,10],[10,0],[0,0]]]]);
-          *
-          * //=multiPoly
-          *
-          */
+               dispatch$5.call('loaded');
+             })["catch"](function () {
+               delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
+               _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         loadIssueDetail: function loadIssueDetail(issue) {
+           var _this2 = this;
 
-         function multiPolygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
+           // Issue details only need to be fetched once
+           if (issue.elems !== undefined) {
+             return Promise.resolve(issue);
            }
 
-           var geom = {
-             type: "MultiPolygon",
-             coordinates: coordinates
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-         }
+           var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/issue/").concat(issue.id, "?langs=").concat(_mainLocalizer.localeCode());
 
-         exports.multiPolygon = multiPolygon;
-         /**
-          * Creates a {@link Feature<GeometryCollection>} based on a
-          * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
-          *
-          * @name geometryCollection
-          * @param {Array<Geometry>} geometries an array of GeoJSON Geometries
-          * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-          * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-          * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-          * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-          * @returns {Feature<GeometryCollection>} a GeoJSON GeometryCollection Feature
-          * @example
-          * var pt = turf.geometry("Point", [100, 0]);
-          * var line = turf.geometry("LineString", [[101, 0], [102, 1]]);
-          * var collection = turf.geometryCollection([pt, line]);
-          *
-          * // => collection
-          */
+           var cacheDetails = function cacheDetails(data) {
+             // Associated elements used for highlighting
+             // Assign directly for immediate use in the callback
+             issue.elems = data.elems.map(function (e) {
+               return e.type.substring(0, 1) + e.id;
+             }); // Some issues have instance specific detail in a subtitle
 
-         function geometryCollection(geometries, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) {
-             options = {};
-           }
+             issue.detail = data.subtitle ? marked_1(data.subtitle.auto) : '';
 
-           var geom = {
-             type: "GeometryCollection",
-             geometries: geometries
+             _this2.replaceItem(issue);
            };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-         }
-
-         exports.geometryCollection = geometryCollection;
-         /**
-          * Round number to precision
-          *
-          * @param {number} num Number
-          * @param {number} [precision=0] Precision
-          * @returns {number} rounded number
-          * @example
-          * turf.round(120.4321)
-          * //=120
-          *
-          * turf.round(120.4321, 2)
-          * //=120.43
-          */
 
-         function round(num, precision) {
-           if (precision === void 0) {
-             precision = 0;
-           }
-
-           if (precision && !(precision >= 0)) {
-             throw new Error("precision must be a positive number");
-           }
+           return d3_json(url).then(cacheDetails).then(function () {
+             return issue;
+           });
+         },
+         loadStrings: function loadStrings() {
+           var locale = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+           var items = Object.keys(_osmoseData.icons);
 
-           var multiplier = Math.pow(10, precision || 0);
-           return Math.round(num * multiplier) / multiplier;
-         }
+           if (locale in _cache.strings && Object.keys(_cache.strings[locale]).length === items.length) {
+             return Promise.resolve(_cache.strings[locale]);
+           } // May be partially populated already if some requests were successful
 
-         exports.round = round;
-         /**
-          * Convert a distance measurement (assuming a spherical Earth) from radians to a more friendly unit.
-          * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, kilometers, centimeters, feet
-          *
-          * @name radiansToLength
-          * @param {number} radians in radians across the sphere
-          * @param {string} [units="kilometers"] can be degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers inches, yards, metres,
-          * meters, kilometres, kilometers.
-          * @returns {number} distance
-          */
 
-         function radiansToLength(radians, units) {
-           if (units === void 0) {
-             units = "kilometers";
-           }
+           if (!(locale in _cache.strings)) {
+             _cache.strings[locale] = {};
+           } // Only need to cache strings for supported issue types
+           // Using multiple individual item + class requests to reduce fetched data size
 
-           var factor = exports.factors[units];
 
-           if (!factor) {
-             throw new Error(units + " units is invalid");
-           }
+           var allRequests = items.map(function (itemType) {
+             // No need to request data we already have
+             if (itemType in _cache.strings[locale]) return null;
 
-           return radians * factor;
-         }
+             var cacheData = function cacheData(data) {
+               // Bunch of nested single value arrays of objects
+               var _data$categories = _slicedToArray(data.categories, 1),
+                   _data$categories$ = _data$categories[0],
+                   cat = _data$categories$ === void 0 ? {
+                 items: []
+               } : _data$categories$;
 
-         exports.radiansToLength = radiansToLength;
-         /**
-          * Convert a distance measurement (assuming a spherical Earth) from a real-world unit into radians
-          * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, kilometers, centimeters, feet
-          *
-          * @name lengthToRadians
-          * @param {number} distance in real units
-          * @param {string} [units="kilometers"] can be degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers inches, yards, metres,
-          * meters, kilometres, kilometers.
-          * @returns {number} radians
-          */
+               var _cat$items = _slicedToArray(cat.items, 1),
+                   _cat$items$ = _cat$items[0],
+                   item = _cat$items$ === void 0 ? {
+                 "class": []
+               } : _cat$items$;
 
-         function lengthToRadians(distance, units) {
-           if (units === void 0) {
-             units = "kilometers";
-           }
+               var _item$class = _slicedToArray(item["class"], 1),
+                   _item$class$ = _item$class[0],
+                   cl = _item$class$ === void 0 ? null : _item$class$; // If null default value is reached, data wasn't as expected (or was empty)
 
-           var factor = exports.factors[units];
 
-           if (!factor) {
-             throw new Error(units + " units is invalid");
-           }
+               if (!cl) {
+                 /* eslint-disable no-console */
+                 console.log("Osmose strings request (".concat(itemType, ") had unexpected data"));
+                 /* eslint-enable no-console */
 
-           return distance / factor;
-         }
+                 return;
+               } // Cache served item colors to automatically style issue markers later
 
-         exports.lengthToRadians = lengthToRadians;
-         /**
-          * Convert a distance measurement (assuming a spherical Earth) from a real-world unit into degrees
-          * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, centimeters, kilometres, feet
-          *
-          * @name lengthToDegrees
-          * @param {number} distance in real units
-          * @param {string} [units="kilometers"] can be degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers inches, yards, metres,
-          * meters, kilometres, kilometers.
-          * @returns {number} degrees
-          */
 
-         function lengthToDegrees(distance, units) {
-           return radiansToDegrees(lengthToRadians(distance, units));
-         }
+               var itemInt = item.item,
+                   color = item.color;
 
-         exports.lengthToDegrees = lengthToDegrees;
-         /**
-          * Converts any bearing angle from the north line direction (positive clockwise)
-          * and returns an angle between 0-360 degrees (positive clockwise), 0 being the north line
-          *
-          * @name bearingToAzimuth
-          * @param {number} bearing angle, between -180 and +180 degrees
-          * @returns {number} angle between 0 and 360 degrees
-          */
+               if (/^#[A-Fa-f0-9]{6}|[A-Fa-f0-9]{3}/.test(color)) {
+                 _cache.colors[itemInt] = color;
+               } // Value of root key will be null if no string exists
+               // If string exists, value is an object with key 'auto' for string
 
-         function bearingToAzimuth(bearing) {
-           var angle = bearing % 360;
 
-           if (angle < 0) {
-             angle += 360;
-           }
+               var title = cl.title,
+                   detail = cl.detail,
+                   fix = cl.fix,
+                   trap = cl.trap; // Osmose titles shouldn't contain markdown
 
-           return angle;
-         }
+               var issueStrings = {};
+               if (title) issueStrings.title = title.auto;
+               if (detail) issueStrings.detail = marked_1(detail.auto);
+               if (trap) issueStrings.trap = marked_1(trap.auto);
+               if (fix) issueStrings.fix = marked_1(fix.auto);
+               _cache.strings[locale][itemType] = issueStrings;
+             };
 
-         exports.bearingToAzimuth = bearingToAzimuth;
-         /**
-          * Converts an angle in radians to degrees
-          *
-          * @name radiansToDegrees
-          * @param {number} radians angle in radians
-          * @returns {number} degrees between 0 and 360 degrees
-          */
+             var _itemType$split = itemType.split('-'),
+                 _itemType$split2 = _slicedToArray(_itemType$split, 2),
+                 item = _itemType$split2[0],
+                 cl = _itemType$split2[1]; // Osmose API falls back to English strings where untranslated or if locale doesn't exist
 
-         function radiansToDegrees(radians) {
-           var degrees = radians % (2 * Math.PI);
-           return degrees * 180 / Math.PI;
-         }
 
-         exports.radiansToDegrees = radiansToDegrees;
-         /**
-          * Converts an angle in degrees to radians
-          *
-          * @name degreesToRadians
-          * @param {number} degrees angle between 0 and 360 degrees
-          * @returns {number} angle in radians
-          */
+             var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/items/").concat(item, "/class/").concat(cl, "?langs=").concat(locale);
+             return d3_json(url).then(cacheData);
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+           return Promise.all(allRequests).then(function () {
+             return _cache.strings[locale];
+           });
+         },
+         getStrings: function getStrings(itemType) {
+           var locale = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+           // No need to fallback to English, Osmose API handles this for us
+           return locale in _cache.strings ? _cache.strings[locale][itemType] : {};
+         },
+         getColor: function getColor(itemType) {
+           return itemType in _cache.colors ? _cache.colors[itemType] : '#FFFFFF';
+         },
+         postUpdate: function postUpdate(issue, callback) {
+           var _this3 = this;
 
-         function degreesToRadians(degrees) {
-           var radians = degrees % 360;
-           return radians * Math.PI / 180;
-         }
+           if (_cache.inflightPost[issue.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Issue update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, issue);
+           } // UI sets the status to either 'done' or 'false'
 
-         exports.degreesToRadians = degreesToRadians;
-         /**
-          * Converts a length to the requested unit.
-          * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, kilometers, centimeters, feet
-          *
-          * @param {number} length to be converted
-          * @param {Units} [originalUnit="kilometers"] of the length
-          * @param {Units} [finalUnit="kilometers"] returned unit
-          * @returns {number} the converted length
-          */
 
-         function convertLength(length, originalUnit, finalUnit) {
-           if (originalUnit === void 0) {
-             originalUnit = "kilometers";
-           }
+           var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/issue/").concat(issue.id, "/").concat(issue.newStatus);
+           var controller = new AbortController();
 
-           if (finalUnit === void 0) {
-             finalUnit = "kilometers";
-           }
+           var after = function after() {
+             delete _cache.inflightPost[issue.id];
 
-           if (!(length >= 0)) {
-             throw new Error("length must be a positive number");
-           }
+             _this3.removeItem(issue);
 
-           return radiansToLength(lengthToRadians(length, originalUnit), finalUnit);
-         }
+             if (issue.newStatus === 'done') {
+               // Keep track of the number of issues closed per `item` to tag the changeset
+               if (!(issue.item in _cache.closed)) {
+                 _cache.closed[issue.item] = 0;
+               }
 
-         exports.convertLength = convertLength;
-         /**
-          * Converts a area to the requested unit.
-          * Valid units: kilometers, kilometres, meters, metres, centimetres, millimeters, acres, miles, yards, feet, inches
-          * @param {number} area to be converted
-          * @param {Units} [originalUnit="meters"] of the distance
-          * @param {Units} [finalUnit="kilometers"] returned unit
-          * @returns {number} the converted distance
-          */
+               _cache.closed[issue.item] += 1;
+             }
 
-         function convertArea(area, originalUnit, finalUnit) {
-           if (originalUnit === void 0) {
-             originalUnit = "meters";
-           }
+             if (callback) callback(null, issue);
+           };
 
-           if (finalUnit === void 0) {
-             finalUnit = "kilometers";
-           }
+           _cache.inflightPost[issue.id] = controller;
+           fetch(url, {
+             signal: controller.signal
+           }).then(after)["catch"](function (err) {
+             delete _cache.inflightPost[issue.id];
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
+         },
+         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
+         getItems: function getItems(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           return _cache.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+         },
+         // Get a QAItem from cache
+         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
+         getError: function getError(id) {
+           return _cache.data[id];
+         },
+         // get the name of the icon to display for this item
+         getIcon: function getIcon(itemType) {
+           return _osmoseData.icons[itemType];
+         },
+         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
+         replaceItem: function replaceItem(item) {
+           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
+           _cache.data[item.id] = item;
+           updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree(item), true); // true = replace
 
-           if (!(area >= 0)) {
-             throw new Error("area must be a positive number");
-           }
+           return item;
+         },
+         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
+         removeItem: function removeItem(item) {
+           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
+           delete _cache.data[item.id];
+           updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree(item), false); // false = remove
+         },
+         // Used to populate `closed:osmose:*` changeset tags
+         getClosedCounts: function getClosedCounts() {
+           return _cache.closed;
+         },
+         itemURL: function itemURL(item) {
+           return "https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/en/error/".concat(item.id);
+         }
+       };
 
-           var startFactor = exports.areaFactors[originalUnit];
+       var ieee754$1 = {};
 
-           if (!startFactor) {
-             throw new Error("invalid original units");
-           }
+       /*! ieee754. BSD-3-Clause License. Feross Aboukhadijeh <https://feross.org/opensource> */
 
-           var finalFactor = exports.areaFactors[finalUnit];
+       ieee754$1.read = function (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
+         var e, m;
+         var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
+         var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
+         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
+         var nBits = -7;
+         var i = isLE ? nBytes - 1 : 0;
+         var d = isLE ? -1 : 1;
+         var s = buffer[offset + i];
+         i += d;
+         e = s & (1 << -nBits) - 1;
+         s >>= -nBits;
+         nBits += eLen;
 
-           if (!finalFactor) {
-             throw new Error("invalid final units");
-           }
+         for (; nBits > 0; e = e * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
 
-           return area / startFactor * finalFactor;
-         }
+         m = e & (1 << -nBits) - 1;
+         e >>= -nBits;
+         nBits += mLen;
 
-         exports.convertArea = convertArea;
-         /**
-          * isNumber
-          *
-          * @param {*} num Number to validate
-          * @returns {boolean} true/false
-          * @example
-          * turf.isNumber(123)
-          * //=true
-          * turf.isNumber('foo')
-          * //=false
-          */
+         for (; nBits > 0; m = m * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
 
-         function isNumber(num) {
-           return !isNaN(num) && num !== null && !Array.isArray(num) && !/^\s*$/.test(num);
+         if (e === 0) {
+           e = 1 - eBias;
+         } else if (e === eMax) {
+           return m ? NaN : (s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity;
+         } else {
+           m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen);
+           e = e - eBias;
          }
 
-         exports.isNumber = isNumber;
-         /**
-          * isObject
-          *
-          * @param {*} input variable to validate
-          * @returns {boolean} true/false
-          * @example
-          * turf.isObject({elevation: 10})
-          * //=true
-          * turf.isObject('foo')
-          * //=false
-          */
-
-         function isObject(input) {
-           return !!input && input.constructor === Object;
-         }
+         return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen);
+       };
 
-         exports.isObject = isObject;
-         /**
-          * Validate BBox
-          *
-          * @private
-          * @param {Array<number>} bbox BBox to validate
-          * @returns {void}
-          * @throws Error if BBox is not valid
-          * @example
-          * validateBBox([-180, -40, 110, 50])
-          * //=OK
-          * validateBBox([-180, -40])
-          * //=Error
-          * validateBBox('Foo')
-          * //=Error
-          * validateBBox(5)
-          * //=Error
-          * validateBBox(null)
-          * //=Error
-          * validateBBox(undefined)
-          * //=Error
-          */
+       ieee754$1.write = function (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
+         var e, m, c;
+         var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
+         var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
+         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
+         var rt = mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0;
+         var i = isLE ? 0 : nBytes - 1;
+         var d = isLE ? 1 : -1;
+         var s = value < 0 || value === 0 && 1 / value < 0 ? 1 : 0;
+         value = Math.abs(value);
 
-         function validateBBox(bbox) {
-           if (!bbox) {
-             throw new Error("bbox is required");
-           }
+         if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
+           m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0;
+           e = eMax;
+         } else {
+           e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2);
 
-           if (!Array.isArray(bbox)) {
-             throw new Error("bbox must be an Array");
+           if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
+             e--;
+             c *= 2;
            }
 
-           if (bbox.length !== 4 && bbox.length !== 6) {
-             throw new Error("bbox must be an Array of 4 or 6 numbers");
+           if (e + eBias >= 1) {
+             value += rt / c;
+           } else {
+             value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias);
            }
 
-           bbox.forEach(function (num) {
-             if (!isNumber(num)) {
-               throw new Error("bbox must only contain numbers");
-             }
-           });
-         }
-
-         exports.validateBBox = validateBBox;
-         /**
-          * Validate Id
-          *
-          * @private
-          * @param {string|number} id Id to validate
-          * @returns {void}
-          * @throws Error if Id is not valid
-          * @example
-          * validateId([-180, -40, 110, 50])
-          * //=Error
-          * validateId([-180, -40])
-          * //=Error
-          * validateId('Foo')
-          * //=OK
-          * validateId(5)
-          * //=OK
-          * validateId(null)
-          * //=Error
-          * validateId(undefined)
-          * //=Error
-          */
-
-         function validateId(id) {
-           if (!id) {
-             throw new Error("id is required");
+           if (value * c >= 2) {
+             e++;
+             c /= 2;
            }
 
-           if (["string", "number"].indexOf(_typeof(id)) === -1) {
-             throw new Error("id must be a number or a string");
+           if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
+             m = 0;
+             e = eMax;
+           } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
+             m = (value * c - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
+             e = e + eBias;
+           } else {
+             m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
+             e = 0;
            }
          }
 
-         exports.validateId = validateId; // Deprecated methods
+         for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}
 
-         function radians2degrees() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `radiansToDegrees`");
-         }
+         e = e << mLen | m;
+         eLen += mLen;
 
-         exports.radians2degrees = radians2degrees;
+         for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}
 
-         function degrees2radians() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `degreesToRadians`");
-         }
+         buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128;
+       };
 
-         exports.degrees2radians = degrees2radians;
+       var pbf = Pbf;
+       var ieee754 = ieee754$1;
 
-         function distanceToDegrees() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `lengthToDegrees`");
-         }
+       function Pbf(buf) {
+         this.buf = ArrayBuffer.isView && ArrayBuffer.isView(buf) ? buf : new Uint8Array(buf || 0);
+         this.pos = 0;
+         this.type = 0;
+         this.length = this.buf.length;
+       }
 
-         exports.distanceToDegrees = distanceToDegrees;
+       Pbf.Varint = 0; // varint: int32, int64, uint32, uint64, sint32, sint64, bool, enum
 
-         function distanceToRadians() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `lengthToRadians`");
-         }
+       Pbf.Fixed64 = 1; // 64-bit: double, fixed64, sfixed64
 
-         exports.distanceToRadians = distanceToRadians;
+       Pbf.Bytes = 2; // length-delimited: string, bytes, embedded messages, packed repeated fields
 
-         function radiansToDistance() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `radiansToLength`");
-         }
+       Pbf.Fixed32 = 5; // 32-bit: float, fixed32, sfixed32
 
-         exports.radiansToDistance = radiansToDistance;
+       var SHIFT_LEFT_32 = (1 << 16) * (1 << 16),
+           SHIFT_RIGHT_32 = 1 / SHIFT_LEFT_32; // Threshold chosen based on both benchmarking and knowledge about browser string
+       // data structures (which currently switch structure types at 12 bytes or more)
 
-         function bearingToAngle() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `bearingToAzimuth`");
-         }
+       var TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH = 12;
+       var utf8TextDecoder = typeof TextDecoder === 'undefined' ? null : new TextDecoder('utf8');
+       Pbf.prototype = {
+         destroy: function destroy() {
+           this.buf = null;
+         },
+         // === READING =================================================================
+         readFields: function readFields(readField, result, end) {
+           end = end || this.length;
 
-         exports.bearingToAngle = bearingToAngle;
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             var val = this.readVarint(),
+                 tag = val >> 3,
+                 startPos = this.pos;
+             this.type = val & 0x7;
+             readField(tag, result, this);
+             if (this.pos === startPos) this.skip(val);
+           }
 
-         function convertDistance() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `convertLength`");
-         }
+           return result;
+         },
+         readMessage: function readMessage(readField, result) {
+           return this.readFields(readField, result, this.readVarint() + this.pos);
+         },
+         readFixed32: function readFixed32() {
+           var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
+           this.pos += 4;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readSFixed32: function readSFixed32() {
+           var val = readInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
+           this.pos += 4;
+           return val;
+         },
+         // 64-bit int handling is based on github.com/dpw/node-buffer-more-ints (MIT-licensed)
+         readFixed64: function readFixed64() {
+           var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
+           this.pos += 8;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readSFixed64: function readSFixed64() {
+           var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
+           this.pos += 8;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readFloat: function readFloat() {
+           var val = ieee754.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
+           this.pos += 4;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readDouble: function readDouble() {
+           var val = ieee754.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
+           this.pos += 8;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readVarint: function readVarint(isSigned) {
+           var buf = this.buf,
+               val,
+               b;
+           b = buf[this.pos++];
+           val = b & 0x7f;
+           if (b < 0x80) return val;
+           b = buf[this.pos++];
+           val |= (b & 0x7f) << 7;
+           if (b < 0x80) return val;
+           b = buf[this.pos++];
+           val |= (b & 0x7f) << 14;
+           if (b < 0x80) return val;
+           b = buf[this.pos++];
+           val |= (b & 0x7f) << 21;
+           if (b < 0x80) return val;
+           b = buf[this.pos];
+           val |= (b & 0x0f) << 28;
+           return readVarintRemainder(val, isSigned, this);
+         },
+         readVarint64: function readVarint64() {
+           // for compatibility with v2.0.1
+           return this.readVarint(true);
+         },
+         readSVarint: function readSVarint() {
+           var num = this.readVarint();
+           return num % 2 === 1 ? (num + 1) / -2 : num / 2; // zigzag encoding
+         },
+         readBoolean: function readBoolean() {
+           return Boolean(this.readVarint());
+         },
+         readString: function readString() {
+           var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos;
+           var pos = this.pos;
+           this.pos = end;
 
-         exports.convertDistance = convertDistance;
-       });
+           if (end - pos >= TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH && utf8TextDecoder) {
+             // longer strings are fast with the built-in browser TextDecoder API
+             return readUtf8TextDecoder(this.buf, pos, end);
+           } // short strings are fast with our custom implementation
 
-       var invariant = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
-         /**
-          * Unwrap a coordinate from a Point Feature, Geometry or a single coordinate.
-          *
-          * @name getCoord
-          * @param {Array<number>|Geometry<Point>|Feature<Point>} coord GeoJSON Point or an Array of numbers
-          * @returns {Array<number>} coordinates
-          * @example
-          * var pt = turf.point([10, 10]);
-          *
-          * var coord = turf.getCoord(pt);
-          * //= [10, 10]
-          */
+           return readUtf8(this.buf, pos, end);
+         },
+         readBytes: function readBytes() {
+           var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos,
+               buffer = this.buf.subarray(this.pos, end);
+           this.pos = end;
+           return buffer;
+         },
+         // verbose for performance reasons; doesn't affect gzipped size
+         readPackedVarint: function readPackedVarint(arr, isSigned) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned));
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-         function getCoord(coord) {
-           if (!coord) {
-             throw new Error("coord is required");
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned));
            }
 
-           if (!Array.isArray(coord)) {
-             if (coord.type === "Feature" && coord.geometry !== null && coord.geometry.type === "Point") {
-               return coord.geometry.coordinates;
-             }
-
-             if (coord.type === "Point") {
-               return coord.coordinates;
-             }
-           }
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedSVarint: function readPackedSVarint(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSVarint());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-           if (Array.isArray(coord) && coord.length >= 2 && !Array.isArray(coord[0]) && !Array.isArray(coord[1])) {
-             return coord;
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readSVarint());
            }
 
-           throw new Error("coord must be GeoJSON Point or an Array of numbers");
-         }
-
-         exports.getCoord = getCoord;
-         /**
-          * Unwrap coordinates from a Feature, Geometry Object or an Array
-          *
-          * @name getCoords
-          * @param {Array<any>|Geometry|Feature} coords Feature, Geometry Object or an Array
-          * @returns {Array<any>} coordinates
-          * @example
-          * var poly = turf.polygon([[[119.32, -8.7], [119.55, -8.69], [119.51, -8.54], [119.32, -8.7]]]);
-          *
-          * var coords = turf.getCoords(poly);
-          * //= [[[119.32, -8.7], [119.55, -8.69], [119.51, -8.54], [119.32, -8.7]]]
-          */
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedBoolean: function readPackedBoolean(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readBoolean());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-         function getCoords(coords) {
-           if (Array.isArray(coords)) {
-             return coords;
-           } // Feature
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readBoolean());
+           }
 
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedFloat: function readPackedFloat(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFloat());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-           if (coords.type === "Feature") {
-             if (coords.geometry !== null) {
-               return coords.geometry.coordinates;
-             }
-           } else {
-             // Geometry
-             if (coords.coordinates) {
-               return coords.coordinates;
-             }
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readFloat());
            }
 
-           throw new Error("coords must be GeoJSON Feature, Geometry Object or an Array");
-         }
-
-         exports.getCoords = getCoords;
-         /**
-          * Checks if coordinates contains a number
-          *
-          * @name containsNumber
-          * @param {Array<any>} coordinates GeoJSON Coordinates
-          * @returns {boolean} true if Array contains a number
-          */
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedDouble: function readPackedDouble(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readDouble());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-         function containsNumber(coordinates) {
-           if (coordinates.length > 1 && helpers$1.isNumber(coordinates[0]) && helpers$1.isNumber(coordinates[1])) {
-             return true;
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readDouble());
            }
 
-           if (Array.isArray(coordinates[0]) && coordinates[0].length) {
-             return containsNumber(coordinates[0]);
-           }
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedFixed32: function readPackedFixed32(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFixed32());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-           throw new Error("coordinates must only contain numbers");
-         }
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readFixed32());
+           }
 
-         exports.containsNumber = containsNumber;
-         /**
-          * Enforce expectations about types of GeoJSON objects for Turf.
-          *
-          * @name geojsonType
-          * @param {GeoJSON} value any GeoJSON object
-          * @param {string} type expected GeoJSON type
-          * @param {string} name name of calling function
-          * @throws {Error} if value is not the expected type.
-          */
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedSFixed32: function readPackedSFixed32(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSFixed32());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-         function geojsonType(value, type, name) {
-           if (!type || !name) {
-             throw new Error("type and name required");
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readSFixed32());
            }
 
-           if (!value || value.type !== type) {
-             throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ": must be a " + type + ", given " + value.type);
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedFixed64: function readPackedFixed64(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFixed64());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
+
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readFixed64());
            }
-         }
 
-         exports.geojsonType = geojsonType;
-         /**
-          * Enforce expectations about types of {@link Feature} inputs for Turf.
-          * Internally this uses {@link geojsonType} to judge geometry types.
-          *
-          * @name featureOf
-          * @param {Feature} feature a feature with an expected geometry type
-          * @param {string} type expected GeoJSON type
-          * @param {string} name name of calling function
-          * @throws {Error} error if value is not the expected type.
-          */
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedSFixed64: function readPackedSFixed64(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSFixed64());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-         function featureOf(feature, type, name) {
-           if (!feature) {
-             throw new Error("No feature passed");
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readSFixed64());
            }
 
-           if (!name) {
-             throw new Error(".featureOf() requires a name");
-           }
+           return arr;
+         },
+         skip: function skip(val) {
+           var type = val & 0x7;
+           if (type === Pbf.Varint) while (this.buf[this.pos++] > 0x7f) {} else if (type === Pbf.Bytes) this.pos = this.readVarint() + this.pos;else if (type === Pbf.Fixed32) this.pos += 4;else if (type === Pbf.Fixed64) this.pos += 8;else throw new Error('Unimplemented type: ' + type);
+         },
+         // === WRITING =================================================================
+         writeTag: function writeTag(tag, type) {
+           this.writeVarint(tag << 3 | type);
+         },
+         realloc: function realloc(min) {
+           var length = this.length || 16;
 
-           if (!feature || feature.type !== "Feature" || !feature.geometry) {
-             throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ", Feature with geometry required");
+           while (length < this.pos + min) {
+             length *= 2;
            }
 
-           if (!feature.geometry || feature.geometry.type !== type) {
-             throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ": must be a " + type + ", given " + feature.geometry.type);
+           if (length !== this.length) {
+             var buf = new Uint8Array(length);
+             buf.set(this.buf);
+             this.buf = buf;
+             this.length = length;
            }
-         }
-
-         exports.featureOf = featureOf;
-         /**
-          * Enforce expectations about types of {@link FeatureCollection} inputs for Turf.
-          * Internally this uses {@link geojsonType} to judge geometry types.
-          *
-          * @name collectionOf
-          * @param {FeatureCollection} featureCollection a FeatureCollection for which features will be judged
-          * @param {string} type expected GeoJSON type
-          * @param {string} name name of calling function
-          * @throws {Error} if value is not the expected type.
-          */
+         },
+         finish: function finish() {
+           this.length = this.pos;
+           this.pos = 0;
+           return this.buf.subarray(0, this.length);
+         },
+         writeFixed32: function writeFixed32(val) {
+           this.realloc(4);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
+           this.pos += 4;
+         },
+         writeSFixed32: function writeSFixed32(val) {
+           this.realloc(4);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
+           this.pos += 4;
+         },
+         writeFixed64: function writeFixed64(val) {
+           this.realloc(8);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
+           this.pos += 8;
+         },
+         writeSFixed64: function writeSFixed64(val) {
+           this.realloc(8);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
+           this.pos += 8;
+         },
+         writeVarint: function writeVarint(val) {
+           val = +val || 0;
 
-         function collectionOf(featureCollection, type, name) {
-           if (!featureCollection) {
-             throw new Error("No featureCollection passed");
+           if (val > 0xfffffff || val < 0) {
+             writeBigVarint(val, this);
+             return;
            }
 
-           if (!name) {
-             throw new Error(".collectionOf() requires a name");
-           }
+           this.realloc(4);
+           this.buf[this.pos++] = val & 0x7f | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0);
+           if (val <= 0x7f) return;
+           this.buf[this.pos++] = (val >>>= 7) & 0x7f | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0);
+           if (val <= 0x7f) return;
+           this.buf[this.pos++] = (val >>>= 7) & 0x7f | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0);
+           if (val <= 0x7f) return;
+           this.buf[this.pos++] = val >>> 7 & 0x7f;
+         },
+         writeSVarint: function writeSVarint(val) {
+           this.writeVarint(val < 0 ? -val * 2 - 1 : val * 2);
+         },
+         writeBoolean: function writeBoolean(val) {
+           this.writeVarint(Boolean(val));
+         },
+         writeString: function writeString(str) {
+           str = String(str);
+           this.realloc(str.length * 4);
+           this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short string length
 
-           if (!featureCollection || featureCollection.type !== "FeatureCollection") {
-             throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ", FeatureCollection required");
-           }
+           var startPos = this.pos; // write the string directly to the buffer and see how much was written
 
-           for (var _i = 0, _a = featureCollection.features; _i < _a.length; _i++) {
-             var feature = _a[_i];
+           this.pos = writeUtf8(this.buf, str, this.pos);
+           var len = this.pos - startPos;
+           if (len >= 0x80) makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this); // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
 
-             if (!feature || feature.type !== "Feature" || !feature.geometry) {
-               throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ", Feature with geometry required");
-             }
+           this.pos = startPos - 1;
+           this.writeVarint(len);
+           this.pos += len;
+         },
+         writeFloat: function writeFloat(val) {
+           this.realloc(4);
+           ieee754.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
+           this.pos += 4;
+         },
+         writeDouble: function writeDouble(val) {
+           this.realloc(8);
+           ieee754.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
+           this.pos += 8;
+         },
+         writeBytes: function writeBytes(buffer) {
+           var len = buffer.length;
+           this.writeVarint(len);
+           this.realloc(len);
 
-             if (!feature.geometry || feature.geometry.type !== type) {
-               throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ": must be a " + type + ", given " + feature.geometry.type);
-             }
+           for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+             this.buf[this.pos++] = buffer[i];
            }
+         },
+         writeRawMessage: function writeRawMessage(fn, obj) {
+           this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short message length
+           // write the message directly to the buffer and see how much was written
+
+           var startPos = this.pos;
+           fn(obj, this);
+           var len = this.pos - startPos;
+           if (len >= 0x80) makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this); // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
+
+           this.pos = startPos - 1;
+           this.writeVarint(len);
+           this.pos += len;
+         },
+         writeMessage: function writeMessage(tag, fn, obj) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
+           this.writeRawMessage(fn, obj);
+         },
+         writePackedVarint: function writePackedVarint(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedVarint, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedSVarint: function writePackedSVarint(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedSVarint, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedBoolean: function writePackedBoolean(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedBoolean, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedFloat: function writePackedFloat(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedFloat, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedDouble: function writePackedDouble(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedDouble, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedFixed32: function writePackedFixed32(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedFixed, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedSFixed32: function writePackedSFixed32(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedSFixed, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedFixed64: function writePackedFixed64(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedFixed2, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedSFixed64: function writePackedSFixed64(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedSFixed2, arr);
+         },
+         writeBytesField: function writeBytesField(tag, buffer) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
+           this.writeBytes(buffer);
+         },
+         writeFixed32Field: function writeFixed32Field(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
+           this.writeFixed32(val);
+         },
+         writeSFixed32Field: function writeSFixed32Field(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
+           this.writeSFixed32(val);
+         },
+         writeFixed64Field: function writeFixed64Field(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
+           this.writeFixed64(val);
+         },
+         writeSFixed64Field: function writeSFixed64Field(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
+           this.writeSFixed64(val);
+         },
+         writeVarintField: function writeVarintField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
+           this.writeVarint(val);
+         },
+         writeSVarintField: function writeSVarintField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
+           this.writeSVarint(val);
+         },
+         writeStringField: function writeStringField(tag, str) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
+           this.writeString(str);
+         },
+         writeFloatField: function writeFloatField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
+           this.writeFloat(val);
+         },
+         writeDoubleField: function writeDoubleField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
+           this.writeDouble(val);
+         },
+         writeBooleanField: function writeBooleanField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeVarintField(tag, Boolean(val));
          }
+       };
 
-         exports.collectionOf = collectionOf;
-         /**
-          * Get Geometry from Feature or Geometry Object
-          *
-          * @param {Feature|Geometry} geojson GeoJSON Feature or Geometry Object
-          * @returns {Geometry|null} GeoJSON Geometry Object
-          * @throws {Error} if geojson is not a Feature or Geometry Object
-          * @example
-          * var point = {
-          *   "type": "Feature",
-          *   "properties": {},
-          *   "geometry": {
-          *     "type": "Point",
-          *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
-          *   }
-          * }
-          * var geom = turf.getGeom(point)
-          * //={"type": "Point", "coordinates": [110, 40]}
-          */
+       function readVarintRemainder(l, s, p) {
+         var buf = p.buf,
+             h,
+             b;
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h = (b & 0x70) >> 4;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 3;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 10;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 17;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 24;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x01) << 31;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         throw new Error('Expected varint not more than 10 bytes');
+       }
 
-         function getGeom(geojson) {
-           if (geojson.type === "Feature") {
-             return geojson.geometry;
-           }
+       function readPackedEnd(pbf) {
+         return pbf.type === Pbf.Bytes ? pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos : pbf.pos + 1;
+       }
 
-           return geojson;
+       function toNum(low, high, isSigned) {
+         if (isSigned) {
+           return high * 0x100000000 + (low >>> 0);
          }
 
-         exports.getGeom = getGeom;
-         /**
-          * Get GeoJSON object's type, Geometry type is prioritize.
-          *
-          * @param {GeoJSON} geojson GeoJSON object
-          * @param {string} [name="geojson"] name of the variable to display in error message
-          * @returns {string} GeoJSON type
-          * @example
-          * var point = {
-          *   "type": "Feature",
-          *   "properties": {},
-          *   "geometry": {
-          *     "type": "Point",
-          *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
-          *   }
-          * }
-          * var geom = turf.getType(point)
-          * //="Point"
-          */
+         return (high >>> 0) * 0x100000000 + (low >>> 0);
+       }
 
-         function getType(geojson, name) {
-           if (geojson.type === "FeatureCollection") {
-             return "FeatureCollection";
-           }
+       function writeBigVarint(val, pbf) {
+         var low, high;
 
-           if (geojson.type === "GeometryCollection") {
-             return "GeometryCollection";
-           }
+         if (val >= 0) {
+           low = val % 0x100000000 | 0;
+           high = val / 0x100000000 | 0;
+         } else {
+           low = ~(-val % 0x100000000);
+           high = ~(-val / 0x100000000);
 
-           if (geojson.type === "Feature" && geojson.geometry !== null) {
-             return geojson.geometry.type;
+           if (low ^ 0xffffffff) {
+             low = low + 1 | 0;
+           } else {
+             low = 0;
+             high = high + 1 | 0;
            }
+         }
 
-           return geojson.type;
+         if (val >= 0x10000000000000000 || val < -0x10000000000000000) {
+           throw new Error('Given varint doesn\'t fit into 10 bytes');
          }
 
-         exports.getType = getType;
-       });
+         pbf.realloc(10);
+         writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf);
+         writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf);
+       }
 
-       var lineclip_1 = lineclip;
-       var _default = lineclip;
-       lineclip.polyline = lineclip;
-       lineclip.polygon = polygonclip; // Cohen-Sutherland line clippign algorithm, adapted to efficiently
-       // handle polylines rather than just segments
+       function writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf) {
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
+         low >>>= 7;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
+         low >>>= 7;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
+         low >>>= 7;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
+         low >>>= 7;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos] = low & 0x7f;
+       }
 
-       function lineclip(points, bbox, result) {
-         var len = points.length,
-             codeA = bitCode(points[0], bbox),
-             part = [],
-             i,
-             a,
-             b,
-             codeB,
-             lastCode;
-         if (!result) result = [];
+       function writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf) {
+         var lsb = (high & 0x07) << 4;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] |= lsb | ((high >>>= 3) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f;
+       }
 
-         for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
-           a = points[i - 1];
-           b = points[i];
-           codeB = lastCode = bitCode(b, bbox);
+       function makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, pbf) {
+         var extraLen = len <= 0x3fff ? 1 : len <= 0x1fffff ? 2 : len <= 0xfffffff ? 3 : Math.floor(Math.log(len) / (Math.LN2 * 7)); // if 1 byte isn't enough for encoding message length, shift the data to the right
 
-           while (true) {
-             if (!(codeA | codeB)) {
-               // accept
-               part.push(a);
+         pbf.realloc(extraLen);
 
-               if (codeB !== lastCode) {
-                 // segment went outside
-                 part.push(b);
+         for (var i = pbf.pos - 1; i >= startPos; i--) {
+           pbf.buf[i + extraLen] = pbf.buf[i];
+         }
+       }
 
-                 if (i < len - 1) {
-                   // start a new line
-                   result.push(part);
-                   part = [];
-                 }
-               } else if (i === len - 1) {
-                 part.push(b);
-               }
+       function _writePackedVarint(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeVarint(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-               break;
-             } else if (codeA & codeB) {
-               // trivial reject
-               break;
-             } else if (codeA) {
-               // a outside, intersect with clip edge
-               a = intersect(a, b, codeA, bbox);
-               codeA = bitCode(a, bbox);
-             } else {
-               // b outside
-               b = intersect(a, b, codeB, bbox);
-               codeB = bitCode(b, bbox);
-             }
-           }
+       function _writePackedSVarint(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeSVarint(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-           codeA = lastCode;
+       function _writePackedFloat(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeFloat(arr[i]);
          }
+       }
 
-         if (part.length) result.push(part);
-         return result;
-       } // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm
+       function _writePackedDouble(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeDouble(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
+       function _writePackedBoolean(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeBoolean(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-       function polygonclip(points, bbox) {
-         var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside; // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
+       function _writePackedFixed(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeFixed32(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-         for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
-           result = [];
-           prev = points[points.length - 1];
-           prevInside = !(bitCode(prev, bbox) & edge);
+       function _writePackedSFixed(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeSFixed32(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-           for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-             p = points[i];
-             inside = !(bitCode(p, bbox) & edge); // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
+       function _writePackedFixed2(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeFixed64(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-             if (inside !== prevInside) result.push(intersect(prev, p, edge, bbox));
-             if (inside) result.push(p); // add a point if it's inside
+       function _writePackedSFixed2(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeSFixed64(arr[i]);
+         }
+       } // Buffer code below from https://github.com/feross/buffer, MIT-licensed
 
-             prev = p;
-             prevInside = inside;
-           }
 
-           points = result;
-           if (!points.length) break;
-         }
+       function readUInt32(buf, pos) {
+         return (buf[pos] | buf[pos + 1] << 8 | buf[pos + 2] << 16) + buf[pos + 3] * 0x1000000;
+       }
 
-         return result;
-       } // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox
+       function writeInt32(buf, val, pos) {
+         buf[pos] = val;
+         buf[pos + 1] = val >>> 8;
+         buf[pos + 2] = val >>> 16;
+         buf[pos + 3] = val >>> 24;
+       }
 
+       function readInt32(buf, pos) {
+         return (buf[pos] | buf[pos + 1] << 8 | buf[pos + 2] << 16) + (buf[pos + 3] << 24);
+       }
 
-       function intersect(a, b, edge, bbox) {
-         return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] : // top
-         edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] : // bottom
-         edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // right
-         edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // left
-         null;
-       } // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:
-       //         left  mid  right
-       //    top  1001  1000  1010
-       //    mid  0001  0000  0010
-       // bottom  0101  0100  0110
+       function readUtf8(buf, pos, end) {
+         var str = '';
+         var i = pos;
 
+         while (i < end) {
+           var b0 = buf[i];
+           var c = null; // codepoint
 
-       function bitCode(p, bbox) {
-         var code = 0;
-         if (p[0] < bbox[0]) code |= 1; // left
-         else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) code |= 2; // right
+           var bytesPerSequence = b0 > 0xEF ? 4 : b0 > 0xDF ? 3 : b0 > 0xBF ? 2 : 1;
+           if (i + bytesPerSequence > end) break;
+           var b1, b2, b3;
 
-         if (p[1] < bbox[1]) code |= 4; // bottom
-         else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) code |= 8; // top
+           if (bytesPerSequence === 1) {
+             if (b0 < 0x80) {
+               c = b0;
+             }
+           } else if (bytesPerSequence === 2) {
+             b1 = buf[i + 1];
 
-         return code;
-       }
-       lineclip_1["default"] = _default;
+             if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+               c = (b0 & 0x1F) << 0x6 | b1 & 0x3F;
+
+               if (c <= 0x7F) {
+                 c = null;
+               }
+             }
+           } else if (bytesPerSequence === 3) {
+             b1 = buf[i + 1];
+             b2 = buf[i + 2];
+
+             if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+               c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0xC | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | b2 & 0x3F;
+
+               if (c <= 0x7FF || c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF) {
+                 c = null;
+               }
+             }
+           } else if (bytesPerSequence === 4) {
+             b1 = buf[i + 1];
+             b2 = buf[i + 2];
+             b3 = buf[i + 3];
 
-       var bboxClip_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
+             if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b3 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+               c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0x12 | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0xC | (b2 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | b3 & 0x3F;
 
-         var __importStar = commonjsGlobal && commonjsGlobal.__importStar || function (mod) {
-           if (mod && mod.__esModule) return mod;
-           var result = {};
-           if (mod != null) for (var k in mod) {
-             if (Object.hasOwnProperty.call(mod, k)) result[k] = mod[k];
+               if (c <= 0xFFFF || c >= 0x110000) {
+                 c = null;
+               }
+             }
            }
-           result["default"] = mod;
-           return result;
-         };
 
-         Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
-           value: true
-         });
+           if (c === null) {
+             c = 0xFFFD;
+             bytesPerSequence = 1;
+           } else if (c > 0xFFFF) {
+             c -= 0x10000;
+             str += String.fromCharCode(c >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800);
+             c = 0xDC00 | c & 0x3FF;
+           }
 
-         var lineclip = __importStar(lineclip_1);
-         /**
-          * Takes a {@link Feature} and a bbox and clips the feature to the bbox using
-          * [lineclip](https://github.com/mapbox/lineclip).
-          * May result in degenerate edges when clipping Polygons.
-          *
-          * @name bboxClip
-          * @param {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} feature feature to clip to the bbox
-          * @param {BBox} bbox extent in [minX, minY, maxX, maxY] order
-          * @returns {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} clipped Feature
-          * @example
-          * var bbox = [0, 0, 10, 10];
-          * var poly = turf.polygon([[[2, 2], [8, 4], [12, 8], [3, 7], [2, 2]]]);
-          *
-          * var clipped = turf.bboxClip(poly, bbox);
-          *
-          * //addToMap
-          * var addToMap = [bbox, poly, clipped]
-          */
+           str += String.fromCharCode(c);
+           i += bytesPerSequence;
+         }
 
+         return str;
+       }
 
-         function bboxClip(feature, bbox) {
-           var geom = invariant.getGeom(feature);
-           var type = geom.type;
-           var properties = feature.type === "Feature" ? feature.properties : {};
-           var coords = geom.coordinates;
+       function readUtf8TextDecoder(buf, pos, end) {
+         return utf8TextDecoder.decode(buf.subarray(pos, end));
+       }
 
-           switch (type) {
-             case "LineString":
-             case "MultiLineString":
-               var lines_1 = [];
+       function writeUtf8(buf, str, pos) {
+         for (var i = 0, c, lead; i < str.length; i++) {
+           c = str.charCodeAt(i); // code point
 
-               if (type === "LineString") {
-                 coords = [coords];
+           if (c > 0xD7FF && c < 0xE000) {
+             if (lead) {
+               if (c < 0xDC00) {
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
+                 lead = c;
+                 continue;
+               } else {
+                 c = lead - 0xD800 << 10 | c - 0xDC00 | 0x10000;
+                 lead = null;
                }
-
-               coords.forEach(function (line) {
-                 lineclip.polyline(line, bbox, lines_1);
-               });
-
-               if (lines_1.length === 1) {
-                 return helpers$1.lineString(lines_1[0], properties);
+             } else {
+               if (c > 0xDBFF || i + 1 === str.length) {
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
+               } else {
+                 lead = c;
                }
 
-               return helpers$1.multiLineString(lines_1, properties);
+               continue;
+             }
+           } else if (lead) {
+             buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
+             buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
+             buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
+             lead = null;
+           }
 
-             case "Polygon":
-               return helpers$1.polygon(clipPolygon(coords, bbox), properties);
+           if (c < 0x80) {
+             buf[pos++] = c;
+           } else {
+             if (c < 0x800) {
+               buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 | 0xC0;
+             } else {
+               if (c < 0x10000) {
+                 buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC | 0xE0;
+               } else {
+                 buf[pos++] = c >> 0x12 | 0xF0;
+                 buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80;
+               }
 
-             case "MultiPolygon":
-               return helpers$1.multiPolygon(coords.map(function (poly) {
-                 return clipPolygon(poly, bbox);
-               }), properties);
+               buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80;
+             }
 
-             default:
-               throw new Error("geometry " + type + " not supported");
+             buf[pos++] = c & 0x3F | 0x80;
            }
          }
 
-         exports["default"] = bboxClip;
+         return pos;
+       }
 
-         function clipPolygon(rings, bbox) {
-           var outRings = [];
+       var vectorTile = {};
 
-           for (var _i = 0, rings_1 = rings; _i < rings_1.length; _i++) {
-             var ring = rings_1[_i];
-             var clipped = lineclip.polygon(ring, bbox);
+       var pointGeometry = Point$1;
+       /**
+        * A standalone point geometry with useful accessor, comparison, and
+        * modification methods.
+        *
+        * @class Point
+        * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate. this could be longitude or screen
+        * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
+        * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate. this could be latitude or screen
+        * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
+        * @example
+        * var point = new Point(-77, 38);
+        */
 
-             if (clipped.length > 0) {
-               if (clipped[0][0] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][0] || clipped[0][1] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][1]) {
-                 clipped.push(clipped[0]);
-               }
+       function Point$1(x, y) {
+         this.x = x;
+         this.y = y;
+       }
 
-               if (clipped.length >= 4) {
-                 outRings.push(clipped);
-               }
-             }
-           }
+       Point$1.prototype = {
+         /**
+          * Clone this point, returning a new point that can be modified
+          * without affecting the old one.
+          * @return {Point} the clone
+          */
+         clone: function clone() {
+           return new Point$1(this.x, this.y);
+         },
 
-           return outRings;
-         }
-       });
-       var turf_bboxClip = /*@__PURE__*/getDefaultExportFromCjs(bboxClip_1);
+         /**
+          * Add this point's x & y coordinates to another point,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         add: function add(p) {
+           return this.clone()._add(p);
+         },
 
-       var fastJsonStableStringify = function fastJsonStableStringify(data, opts) {
-         if (!opts) opts = {};
-         if (typeof opts === 'function') opts = {
-           cmp: opts
-         };
-         var cycles = typeof opts.cycles === 'boolean' ? opts.cycles : false;
+         /**
+          * Subtract this point's x & y coordinates to from point,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         sub: function sub(p) {
+           return this.clone()._sub(p);
+         },
 
-         var cmp = opts.cmp && function (f) {
-           return function (node) {
-             return function (a, b) {
-               var aobj = {
-                 key: a,
-                 value: node[a]
-               };
-               var bobj = {
-                 key: b,
-                 value: node[b]
-               };
-               return f(aobj, bobj);
-             };
-           };
-         }(opts.cmp);
+         /**
+          * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by point,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         multByPoint: function multByPoint(p) {
+           return this.clone()._multByPoint(p);
+         },
 
-         var seen = [];
-         return function stringify(node) {
-           if (node && node.toJSON && typeof node.toJSON === 'function') {
-             node = node.toJSON();
-           }
+         /**
+          * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by point,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         divByPoint: function divByPoint(p) {
+           return this.clone()._divByPoint(p);
+         },
 
-           if (node === undefined) return;
-           if (typeof node == 'number') return isFinite(node) ? '' + node : 'null';
-           if (_typeof(node) !== 'object') return JSON.stringify(node);
-           var i, out;
+         /**
+          * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} k factor
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         mult: function mult(k) {
+           return this.clone()._mult(k);
+         },
 
-           if (Array.isArray(node)) {
-             out = '[';
+         /**
+          * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} k factor
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         div: function div(k) {
+           return this.clone()._div(k);
+         },
 
-             for (i = 0; i < node.length; i++) {
-               if (i) out += ',';
-               out += stringify(node[i]) || 'null';
-             }
+         /**
+          * Rotate this point around the 0, 0 origin by an angle a,
+          * given in radians
+          * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         rotate: function rotate(a) {
+           return this.clone()._rotate(a);
+         },
 
-             return out + ']';
-           }
+         /**
+          * Rotate this point around p point by an angle a,
+          * given in radians
+          * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
+          * @param {Point} p Point to rotate around
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         rotateAround: function rotateAround(a, p) {
+           return this.clone()._rotateAround(a, p);
+         },
 
-           if (node === null) return 'null';
+         /**
+          * Multiply this point by a 4x1 transformation matrix
+          * @param {Array<Number>} m transformation matrix
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         matMult: function matMult(m) {
+           return this.clone()._matMult(m);
+         },
 
-           if (seen.indexOf(node) !== -1) {
-             if (cycles) return JSON.stringify('__cycle__');
-             throw new TypeError('Converting circular structure to JSON');
-           }
+         /**
+          * Calculate this point but as a unit vector from 0, 0, meaning
+          * that the distance from the resulting point to the 0, 0
+          * coordinate will be equal to 1 and the angle from the resulting
+          * point to the 0, 0 coordinate will be the same as before.
+          * @return {Point} unit vector point
+          */
+         unit: function unit() {
+           return this.clone()._unit();
+         },
 
-           var seenIndex = seen.push(node) - 1;
-           var keys = Object.keys(node).sort(cmp && cmp(node));
-           out = '';
+         /**
+          * Compute a perpendicular point, where the new y coordinate
+          * is the old x coordinate and the new x coordinate is the old y
+          * coordinate multiplied by -1
+          * @return {Point} perpendicular point
+          */
+         perp: function perp() {
+           return this.clone()._perp();
+         },
 
-           for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-             var key = keys[i];
-             var value = stringify(node[key]);
-             if (!value) continue;
-             if (out) out += ',';
-             out += JSON.stringify(key) + ':' + value;
-           }
+         /**
+          * Return a version of this point with the x & y coordinates
+          * rounded to integers.
+          * @return {Point} rounded point
+          */
+         round: function round() {
+           return this.clone()._round();
+         },
 
-           seen.splice(seenIndex, 1);
-           return '{' + out + '}';
-         }(data);
-       };
+         /**
+          * Return the magitude of this point: this is the Euclidean
+          * distance from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point's x and y
+          * coordinates.
+          * @return {Number} magnitude
+          */
+         mag: function mag() {
+           return Math.sqrt(this.x * this.x + this.y * this.y);
+         },
 
-       function DEFAULT_COMPARE(a, b) {
-         return a > b ? 1 : a < b ? -1 : 0;
-       }
+         /**
+          * Judge whether this point is equal to another point, returning
+          * true or false.
+          * @param {Point} other the other point
+          * @return {boolean} whether the points are equal
+          */
+         equals: function equals(other) {
+           return this.x === other.x && this.y === other.y;
+         },
 
-       var SplayTree = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function SplayTree() {
-           var compare = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : DEFAULT_COMPARE;
-           var noDuplicates = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : false;
+         /**
+          * Calculate the distance from this point to another point
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Number} distance
+          */
+         dist: function dist(p) {
+           return Math.sqrt(this.distSqr(p));
+         },
 
-           _classCallCheck(this, SplayTree);
+         /**
+          * Calculate the distance from this point to another point,
+          * without the square root step. Useful if you're comparing
+          * relative distances.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Number} distance
+          */
+         distSqr: function distSqr(p) {
+           var dx = p.x - this.x,
+               dy = p.y - this.y;
+           return dx * dx + dy * dy;
+         },
 
-           this._compare = compare;
-           this._root = null;
-           this._size = 0;
-           this._noDuplicates = !!noDuplicates;
-         }
+         /**
+          * Get the angle from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point, in radians
+          * coordinates.
+          * @return {Number} angle
+          */
+         angle: function angle() {
+           return Math.atan2(this.y, this.x);
+         },
 
-         _createClass(SplayTree, [{
-           key: "rotateLeft",
-           value: function rotateLeft(x) {
-             var y = x.right;
+         /**
+          * Get the angle from this point to another point, in radians
+          * @param {Point} b the other point
+          * @return {Number} angle
+          */
+         angleTo: function angleTo(b) {
+           return Math.atan2(this.y - b.y, this.x - b.x);
+         },
 
-             if (y) {
-               x.right = y.left;
-               if (y.left) y.left.parent = x;
-               y.parent = x.parent;
-             }
+         /**
+          * Get the angle between this point and another point, in radians
+          * @param {Point} b the other point
+          * @return {Number} angle
+          */
+         angleWith: function angleWith(b) {
+           return this.angleWithSep(b.x, b.y);
+         },
 
-             if (!x.parent) this._root = y;else if (x === x.parent.left) x.parent.left = y;else x.parent.right = y;
-             if (y) y.left = x;
-             x.parent = y;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "rotateRight",
-           value: function rotateRight(x) {
-             var y = x.left;
+         /*
+          * Find the angle of the two vectors, solving the formula for
+          * the cross product a x b = |a||b|sin(θ) for θ.
+          * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate
+          * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate
+          * @return {Number} the angle in radians
+          */
+         angleWithSep: function angleWithSep(x, y) {
+           return Math.atan2(this.x * y - this.y * x, this.x * x + this.y * y);
+         },
+         _matMult: function _matMult(m) {
+           var x = m[0] * this.x + m[1] * this.y,
+               y = m[2] * this.x + m[3] * this.y;
+           this.x = x;
+           this.y = y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _add: function _add(p) {
+           this.x += p.x;
+           this.y += p.y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _sub: function _sub(p) {
+           this.x -= p.x;
+           this.y -= p.y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _mult: function _mult(k) {
+           this.x *= k;
+           this.y *= k;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _div: function _div(k) {
+           this.x /= k;
+           this.y /= k;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _multByPoint: function _multByPoint(p) {
+           this.x *= p.x;
+           this.y *= p.y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _divByPoint: function _divByPoint(p) {
+           this.x /= p.x;
+           this.y /= p.y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _unit: function _unit() {
+           this._div(this.mag());
 
-             if (y) {
-               x.left = y.right;
-               if (y.right) y.right.parent = x;
-               y.parent = x.parent;
-             }
+           return this;
+         },
+         _perp: function _perp() {
+           var y = this.y;
+           this.y = this.x;
+           this.x = -y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _rotate: function _rotate(angle) {
+           var cos = Math.cos(angle),
+               sin = Math.sin(angle),
+               x = cos * this.x - sin * this.y,
+               y = sin * this.x + cos * this.y;
+           this.x = x;
+           this.y = y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _rotateAround: function _rotateAround(angle, p) {
+           var cos = Math.cos(angle),
+               sin = Math.sin(angle),
+               x = p.x + cos * (this.x - p.x) - sin * (this.y - p.y),
+               y = p.y + sin * (this.x - p.x) + cos * (this.y - p.y);
+           this.x = x;
+           this.y = y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _round: function _round() {
+           this.x = Math.round(this.x);
+           this.y = Math.round(this.y);
+           return this;
+         }
+       };
+       /**
+        * Construct a point from an array if necessary, otherwise if the input
+        * is already a Point, or an unknown type, return it unchanged
+        * @param {Array<Number>|Point|*} a any kind of input value
+        * @return {Point} constructed point, or passed-through value.
+        * @example
+        * // this
+        * var point = Point.convert([0, 1]);
+        * // is equivalent to
+        * var point = new Point(0, 1);
+        */
 
-             if (!x.parent) this._root = y;else if (x === x.parent.left) x.parent.left = y;else x.parent.right = y;
-             if (y) y.right = x;
-             x.parent = y;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "_splay",
-           value: function _splay(x) {
-             while (x.parent) {
-               var p = x.parent;
-
-               if (!p.parent) {
-                 if (p.left === x) this.rotateRight(p);else this.rotateLeft(p);
-               } else if (p.left === x && p.parent.left === p) {
-                 this.rotateRight(p.parent);
-                 this.rotateRight(p);
-               } else if (p.right === x && p.parent.right === p) {
-                 this.rotateLeft(p.parent);
-                 this.rotateLeft(p);
-               } else if (p.left === x && p.parent.right === p) {
-                 this.rotateRight(p);
-                 this.rotateLeft(p);
-               } else {
-                 this.rotateLeft(p);
-                 this.rotateRight(p);
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "splay",
-           value: function splay(x) {
-             var p, gp, ggp, l, r;
-
-             while (x.parent) {
-               p = x.parent;
-               gp = p.parent;
-
-               if (gp && gp.parent) {
-                 ggp = gp.parent;
-                 if (ggp.left === gp) ggp.left = x;else ggp.right = x;
-                 x.parent = ggp;
-               } else {
-                 x.parent = null;
-                 this._root = x;
-               }
+       Point$1.convert = function (a) {
+         if (a instanceof Point$1) {
+           return a;
+         }
 
-               l = x.left;
-               r = x.right;
+         if (Array.isArray(a)) {
+           return new Point$1(a[0], a[1]);
+         }
 
-               if (x === p.left) {
-                 // left
-                 if (gp) {
-                   if (gp.left === p) {
-                     /* zig-zig */
-                     if (p.right) {
-                       gp.left = p.right;
-                       gp.left.parent = gp;
-                     } else gp.left = null;
+         return a;
+       };
 
-                     p.right = gp;
-                     gp.parent = p;
-                   } else {
-                     /* zig-zag */
-                     if (l) {
-                       gp.right = l;
-                       l.parent = gp;
-                     } else gp.right = null;
-
-                     x.left = gp;
-                     gp.parent = x;
-                   }
-                 }
+       var Point = pointGeometry;
+       var vectortilefeature = VectorTileFeature$1;
 
-                 if (r) {
-                   p.left = r;
-                   r.parent = p;
-                 } else p.left = null;
+       function VectorTileFeature$1(pbf, end, extent, keys, values) {
+         // Public
+         this.properties = {};
+         this.extent = extent;
+         this.type = 0; // Private
 
-                 x.right = p;
-                 p.parent = x;
-               } else {
-                 // right
-                 if (gp) {
-                   if (gp.right === p) {
-                     /* zig-zig */
-                     if (p.left) {
-                       gp.right = p.left;
-                       gp.right.parent = gp;
-                     } else gp.right = null;
-
-                     p.left = gp;
-                     gp.parent = p;
-                   } else {
-                     /* zig-zag */
-                     if (r) {
-                       gp.left = r;
-                       r.parent = gp;
-                     } else gp.left = null;
-
-                     x.right = gp;
-                     gp.parent = x;
-                   }
-                 }
+         this._pbf = pbf;
+         this._geometry = -1;
+         this._keys = keys;
+         this._values = values;
+         pbf.readFields(readFeature, this, end);
+       }
 
-                 if (l) {
-                   p.right = l;
-                   l.parent = p;
-                 } else p.right = null;
+       function readFeature(tag, feature, pbf) {
+         if (tag == 1) feature.id = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag == 2) readTag(pbf, feature);else if (tag == 3) feature.type = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag == 4) feature._geometry = pbf.pos;
+       }
 
-                 x.left = p;
-                 p.parent = x;
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "replace",
-           value: function replace(u, v) {
-             if (!u.parent) this._root = v;else if (u === u.parent.left) u.parent.left = v;else u.parent.right = v;
-             if (v) v.parent = u.parent;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "minNode",
-           value: function minNode() {
-             var u = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : this._root;
-             if (u) while (u.left) {
-               u = u.left;
-             }
-             return u;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "maxNode",
-           value: function maxNode() {
-             var u = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : this._root;
-             if (u) while (u.right) {
-               u = u.right;
-             }
-             return u;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "insert",
-           value: function insert(key, data) {
-             var z = this._root;
-             var p = null;
-             var comp = this._compare;
-             var cmp;
-
-             if (this._noDuplicates) {
-               while (z) {
-                 p = z;
-                 cmp = comp(z.key, key);
-                 if (cmp === 0) return;else if (comp(z.key, key) < 0) z = z.right;else z = z.left;
-               }
-             } else {
-               while (z) {
-                 p = z;
-                 if (comp(z.key, key) < 0) z = z.right;else z = z.left;
-               }
-             }
+       function readTag(pbf, feature) {
+         var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;
 
-             z = {
-               key: key,
-               data: data,
-               left: null,
-               right: null,
-               parent: p
-             };
-             if (!p) this._root = z;else if (comp(p.key, z.key) < 0) p.right = z;else p.left = z;
-             this.splay(z);
-             this._size++;
-             return z;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "find",
-           value: function find(key) {
-             var z = this._root;
-             var comp = this._compare;
+         while (pbf.pos < end) {
+           var key = feature._keys[pbf.readVarint()],
+               value = feature._values[pbf.readVarint()];
 
-             while (z) {
-               var cmp = comp(z.key, key);
-               if (cmp < 0) z = z.right;else if (cmp > 0) z = z.left;else return z;
-             }
+           feature.properties[key] = value;
+         }
+       }
+
+       VectorTileFeature$1.types = ['Unknown', 'Point', 'LineString', 'Polygon'];
+
+       VectorTileFeature$1.prototype.loadGeometry = function () {
+         var pbf = this._pbf;
+         pbf.pos = this._geometry;
+         var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
+             cmd = 1,
+             length = 0,
+             x = 0,
+             y = 0,
+             lines = [],
+             line;
 
-             return null;
+         while (pbf.pos < end) {
+           if (length <= 0) {
+             var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
+             cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
+             length = cmdLen >> 3;
            }
-           /**
-            * Whether the tree contains a node with the given key
-            * @param  {Key} key
-            * @return {boolean} true/false
-            */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "contains",
-           value: function contains(key) {
-             var node = this._root;
-             var comparator = this._compare;
+           length--;
 
-             while (node) {
-               var cmp = comparator(key, node.key);
-               if (cmp === 0) return true;else if (cmp < 0) node = node.left;else node = node.right;
+           if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
+             x += pbf.readSVarint();
+             y += pbf.readSVarint();
+
+             if (cmd === 1) {
+               // moveTo
+               if (line) lines.push(line);
+               line = [];
              }
 
-             return false;
+             line.push(new Point(x, y));
+           } else if (cmd === 7) {
+             // Workaround for https://github.com/mapbox/mapnik-vector-tile/issues/90
+             if (line) {
+               line.push(line[0].clone()); // closePolygon
+             }
+           } else {
+             throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "remove",
-           value: function remove(key) {
-             var z = this.find(key);
-             if (!z) return false;
-             this.splay(z);
-             if (!z.left) this.replace(z, z.right);else if (!z.right) this.replace(z, z.left);else {
-               var y = this.minNode(z.right);
+         }
 
-               if (y.parent !== z) {
-                 this.replace(y, y.right);
-                 y.right = z.right;
-                 y.right.parent = y;
-               }
+         if (line) lines.push(line);
+         return lines;
+       };
 
-               this.replace(z, y);
-               y.left = z.left;
-               y.left.parent = y;
-             }
-             this._size--;
-             return true;
+       VectorTileFeature$1.prototype.bbox = function () {
+         var pbf = this._pbf;
+         pbf.pos = this._geometry;
+         var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
+             cmd = 1,
+             length = 0,
+             x = 0,
+             y = 0,
+             x1 = Infinity,
+             x2 = -Infinity,
+             y1 = Infinity,
+             y2 = -Infinity;
+
+         while (pbf.pos < end) {
+           if (length <= 0) {
+             var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
+             cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
+             length = cmdLen >> 3;
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "removeNode",
-           value: function removeNode(z) {
-             if (!z) return false;
-             this.splay(z);
-             if (!z.left) this.replace(z, z.right);else if (!z.right) this.replace(z, z.left);else {
-               var y = this.minNode(z.right);
 
-               if (y.parent !== z) {
-                 this.replace(y, y.right);
-                 y.right = z.right;
-                 y.right.parent = y;
-               }
+           length--;
 
-               this.replace(z, y);
-               y.left = z.left;
-               y.left.parent = y;
-             }
-             this._size--;
-             return true;
+           if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
+             x += pbf.readSVarint();
+             y += pbf.readSVarint();
+             if (x < x1) x1 = x;
+             if (x > x2) x2 = x;
+             if (y < y1) y1 = y;
+             if (y > y2) y2 = y;
+           } else if (cmd !== 7) {
+             throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "erase",
-           value: function erase(key) {
-             var z = this.find(key);
-             if (!z) return;
-             this.splay(z);
-             var s = z.left;
-             var t = z.right;
-             var sMax = null;
+         }
 
-             if (s) {
-               s.parent = null;
-               sMax = this.maxNode(s);
-               this.splay(sMax);
-               this._root = sMax;
-             }
+         return [x1, y1, x2, y2];
+       };
 
-             if (t) {
-               if (s) sMax.right = t;else this._root = t;
-               t.parent = sMax;
-             }
+       VectorTileFeature$1.prototype.toGeoJSON = function (x, y, z) {
+         var size = this.extent * Math.pow(2, z),
+             x0 = this.extent * x,
+             y0 = this.extent * y,
+             coords = this.loadGeometry(),
+             type = VectorTileFeature$1.types[this.type],
+             i,
+             j;
 
-             this._size--;
+         function project(line) {
+           for (var j = 0; j < line.length; j++) {
+             var p = line[j],
+                 y2 = 180 - (p.y + y0) * 360 / size;
+             line[j] = [(p.x + x0) * 360 / size - 180, 360 / Math.PI * Math.atan(Math.exp(y2 * Math.PI / 180)) - 90];
            }
-           /**
-            * Removes and returns the node with smallest key
-            * @return {?Node}
-            */
-
-         }, {
-           key: "pop",
-           value: function pop() {
-             var node = this._root,
-                 returnValue = null;
+         }
 
-             if (node) {
-               while (node.left) {
-                 node = node.left;
-               }
+         switch (this.type) {
+           case 1:
+             var points = [];
 
-               returnValue = {
-                 key: node.key,
-                 data: node.data
-               };
-               this.remove(node.key);
+             for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
+               points[i] = coords[i][0];
              }
 
-             return returnValue;
-           }
-           /* eslint-disable class-methods-use-this */
-
-           /**
-            * Successor node
-            * @param  {Node} node
-            * @return {?Node}
-            */
+             coords = points;
+             project(coords);
+             break;
 
-         }, {
-           key: "next",
-           value: function next(node) {
-             var successor = node;
+           case 2:
+             for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
+               project(coords[i]);
+             }
 
-             if (successor) {
-               if (successor.right) {
-                 successor = successor.right;
+             break;
 
-                 while (successor && successor.left) {
-                   successor = successor.left;
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 successor = node.parent;
+           case 3:
+             coords = classifyRings(coords);
 
-                 while (successor && successor.right === node) {
-                   node = successor;
-                   successor = successor.parent;
-                 }
+             for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
+               for (j = 0; j < coords[i].length; j++) {
+                 project(coords[i][j]);
                }
              }
 
-             return successor;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Predecessor node
-            * @param  {Node} node
-            * @return {?Node}
-            */
+             break;
+         }
 
-         }, {
-           key: "prev",
-           value: function prev(node) {
-             var predecessor = node;
+         if (coords.length === 1) {
+           coords = coords[0];
+         } else {
+           type = 'Multi' + type;
+         }
 
-             if (predecessor) {
-               if (predecessor.left) {
-                 predecessor = predecessor.left;
+         var result = {
+           type: "Feature",
+           geometry: {
+             type: type,
+             coordinates: coords
+           },
+           properties: this.properties
+         };
 
-                 while (predecessor && predecessor.right) {
-                   predecessor = predecessor.right;
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 predecessor = node.parent;
+         if ('id' in this) {
+           result.id = this.id;
+         }
 
-                 while (predecessor && predecessor.left === node) {
-                   node = predecessor;
-                   predecessor = predecessor.parent;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+         return result;
+       }; // classifies an array of rings into polygons with outer rings and holes
 
-             return predecessor;
-           }
-           /* eslint-enable class-methods-use-this */
 
-           /**
-            * @param  {forEachCallback} callback
-            * @return {SplayTree}
-            */
+       function classifyRings(rings) {
+         var len = rings.length;
+         if (len <= 1) return [rings];
+         var polygons = [],
+             polygon,
+             ccw;
 
-         }, {
-           key: "forEach",
-           value: function forEach(callback) {
-             var current = this._root;
-             var s = [],
-                 done = false,
-                 i = 0;
+         for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+           var area = signedArea(rings[i]);
+           if (area === 0) continue;
+           if (ccw === undefined) ccw = area < 0;
 
-             while (!done) {
-               // Reach the left most Node of the current Node
-               if (current) {
-                 // Place pointer to a tree node on the stack
-                 // before traversing the node's left subtree
-                 s.push(current);
-                 current = current.left;
-               } else {
-                 // BackTrack from the empty subtree and visit the Node
-                 // at the top of the stack; however, if the stack is
-                 // empty you are done
-                 if (s.length > 0) {
-                   current = s.pop();
-                   callback(current, i++); // We have visited the node and its left
-                   // subtree. Now, it's right subtree's turn
+           if (ccw === area < 0) {
+             if (polygon) polygons.push(polygon);
+             polygon = [rings[i]];
+           } else {
+             polygon.push(rings[i]);
+           }
+         }
 
-                   current = current.right;
-                 } else done = true;
-               }
-             }
+         if (polygon) polygons.push(polygon);
+         return polygons;
+       }
 
-             return this;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Walk key range from `low` to `high`. Stops if `fn` returns a value.
-            * @param  {Key}      low
-            * @param  {Key}      high
-            * @param  {Function} fn
-            * @param  {*?}       ctx
-            * @return {SplayTree}
-            */
+       function signedArea(ring) {
+         var sum = 0;
 
-         }, {
-           key: "range",
-           value: function range(low, high, fn, ctx) {
-             var Q = [];
-             var compare = this._compare;
-             var node = this._root,
-                 cmp;
-
-             while (Q.length !== 0 || node) {
-               if (node) {
-                 Q.push(node);
-                 node = node.left;
-               } else {
-                 node = Q.pop();
-                 cmp = compare(node.key, high);
+         for (var i = 0, len = ring.length, j = len - 1, p1, p2; i < len; j = i++) {
+           p1 = ring[i];
+           p2 = ring[j];
+           sum += (p2.x - p1.x) * (p1.y + p2.y);
+         }
 
-                 if (cmp > 0) {
-                   break;
-                 } else if (compare(node.key, low) >= 0) {
-                   if (fn.call(ctx, node)) return this; // stop if smth is returned
-                 }
+         return sum;
+       }
 
-                 node = node.right;
-               }
-             }
+       var VectorTileFeature = vectortilefeature;
+       var vectortilelayer = VectorTileLayer$1;
 
-             return this;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Returns all keys in order
-            * @return {Array<Key>}
-            */
+       function VectorTileLayer$1(pbf, end) {
+         // Public
+         this.version = 1;
+         this.name = null;
+         this.extent = 4096;
+         this.length = 0; // Private
 
-         }, {
-           key: "keys",
-           value: function keys() {
-             var current = this._root;
-             var s = [],
-                 r = [],
-                 done = false;
-
-             while (!done) {
-               if (current) {
-                 s.push(current);
-                 current = current.left;
-               } else {
-                 if (s.length > 0) {
-                   current = s.pop();
-                   r.push(current.key);
-                   current = current.right;
-                 } else done = true;
-               }
-             }
+         this._pbf = pbf;
+         this._keys = [];
+         this._values = [];
+         this._features = [];
+         pbf.readFields(readLayer, this, end);
+         this.length = this._features.length;
+       }
 
-             return r;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Returns `data` fields of all nodes in order.
-            * @return {Array<Value>}
-            */
+       function readLayer(tag, layer, pbf) {
+         if (tag === 15) layer.version = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag === 1) layer.name = pbf.readString();else if (tag === 5) layer.extent = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag === 2) layer._features.push(pbf.pos);else if (tag === 3) layer._keys.push(pbf.readString());else if (tag === 4) layer._values.push(readValueMessage(pbf));
+       }
 
-         }, {
-           key: "values",
-           value: function values() {
-             var current = this._root;
-             var s = [],
-                 r = [],
-                 done = false;
-
-             while (!done) {
-               if (current) {
-                 s.push(current);
-                 current = current.left;
-               } else {
-                 if (s.length > 0) {
-                   current = s.pop();
-                   r.push(current.data);
-                   current = current.right;
-                 } else done = true;
-               }
-             }
+       function readValueMessage(pbf) {
+         var value = null,
+             end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;
 
-             return r;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Returns node at given index
-            * @param  {number} index
-            * @return {?Node}
-            */
+         while (pbf.pos < end) {
+           var tag = pbf.readVarint() >> 3;
+           value = tag === 1 ? pbf.readString() : tag === 2 ? pbf.readFloat() : tag === 3 ? pbf.readDouble() : tag === 4 ? pbf.readVarint64() : tag === 5 ? pbf.readVarint() : tag === 6 ? pbf.readSVarint() : tag === 7 ? pbf.readBoolean() : null;
+         }
 
-         }, {
-           key: "at",
-           value: function at(index) {
-             // removed after a consideration, more misleading than useful
-             // index = index % this.size;
-             // if (index < 0) index = this.size - index;
-             var current = this._root;
-             var s = [],
-                 done = false,
-                 i = 0;
+         return value;
+       } // return feature `i` from this layer as a `VectorTileFeature`
 
-             while (!done) {
-               if (current) {
-                 s.push(current);
-                 current = current.left;
-               } else {
-                 if (s.length > 0) {
-                   current = s.pop();
-                   if (i === index) return current;
-                   i++;
-                   current = current.right;
-                 } else done = true;
-               }
-             }
 
-             return null;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Bulk-load items. Both array have to be same size
-            * @param  {Array<Key>}    keys
-            * @param  {Array<Value>}  [values]
-            * @param  {Boolean}       [presort=false] Pre-sort keys and values, using
-            *                                         tree's comparator. Sorting is done
-            *                                         in-place
-            * @return {AVLTree}
-            */
+       VectorTileLayer$1.prototype.feature = function (i) {
+         if (i < 0 || i >= this._features.length) throw new Error('feature index out of bounds');
+         this._pbf.pos = this._features[i];
 
-         }, {
-           key: "load",
-           value: function load() {
-             var keys = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : [];
-             var values = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : [];
-             var presort = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : false;
-             if (this._size !== 0) throw new Error('bulk-load: tree is not empty');
-             var size = keys.length;
-             if (presort) sort(keys, values, 0, size - 1, this._compare);
-             this._root = loadRecursive(null, keys, values, 0, size);
-             this._size = size;
-             return this;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "min",
-           value: function min() {
-             var node = this.minNode(this._root);
-             if (node) return node.key;else return null;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "max",
-           value: function max() {
-             var node = this.maxNode(this._root);
-             if (node) return node.key;else return null;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "isEmpty",
-           value: function isEmpty() {
-             return this._root === null;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "size",
-           get: function get() {
-             return this._size;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Create a tree and load it with items
-            * @param  {Array<Key>}          keys
-            * @param  {Array<Value>?}        [values]
-             * @param  {Function?}            [comparator]
-            * @param  {Boolean?}             [presort=false] Pre-sort keys and values, using
-            *                                               tree's comparator. Sorting is done
-            *                                               in-place
-            * @param  {Boolean?}             [noDuplicates=false]   Allow duplicates
-            * @return {SplayTree}
-            */
+         var end = this._pbf.readVarint() + this._pbf.pos;
 
-         }], [{
-           key: "createTree",
-           value: function createTree(keys, values, comparator, presort, noDuplicates) {
-             return new SplayTree(comparator, noDuplicates).load(keys, values, presort);
-           }
-         }]);
+         return new VectorTileFeature(this._pbf, end, this.extent, this._keys, this._values);
+       };
 
-         return SplayTree;
-       }();
+       var VectorTileLayer = vectortilelayer;
+       var vectortile = VectorTile$1;
 
-       function loadRecursive(parent, keys, values, start, end) {
-         var size = end - start;
+       function VectorTile$1(pbf, end) {
+         this.layers = pbf.readFields(readTile, {}, end);
+       }
 
-         if (size > 0) {
-           var middle = start + Math.floor(size / 2);
-           var key = keys[middle];
-           var data = values[middle];
-           var node = {
-             key: key,
-             data: data,
-             parent: parent
-           };
-           node.left = loadRecursive(node, keys, values, start, middle);
-           node.right = loadRecursive(node, keys, values, middle + 1, end);
-           return node;
+       function readTile(tag, layers, pbf) {
+         if (tag === 3) {
+           var layer = new VectorTileLayer(pbf, pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos);
+           if (layer.length) layers[layer.name] = layer;
          }
-
-         return null;
        }
 
-       function sort(keys, values, left, right, compare) {
-         if (left >= right) return;
-         var pivot = keys[left + right >> 1];
-         var i = left - 1;
-         var j = right + 1;
+       var VectorTile = vectorTile.VectorTile = vectortile;
+       vectorTile.VectorTileFeature = vectortilefeature;
+       vectorTile.VectorTileLayer = vectortilelayer;
 
-         while (true) {
-           do {
-             i++;
-           } while (compare(keys[i], pivot) < 0);
+       var accessToken = 'MLY|4100327730013843|5bb78b81720791946a9a7b956c57b7cf';
+       var apiUrl = 'https://graph.mapillary.com/';
+       var baseTileUrl = 'https://tiles.mapillary.com/maps/vtp';
+       var mapFeatureTileUrl = "".concat(baseTileUrl, "/mly_map_feature_point/2/{z}/{x}/{y}?access_token=").concat(accessToken);
+       var tileUrl = "".concat(baseTileUrl, "/mly1_public/2/{z}/{x}/{y}?access_token=").concat(accessToken);
+       var trafficSignTileUrl = "".concat(baseTileUrl, "/mly_map_feature_traffic_sign/2/{z}/{x}/{y}?access_token=").concat(accessToken);
+       var viewercss = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.css';
+       var viewerjs = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.js';
+       var minZoom$1 = 14;
+       var dispatch$4 = dispatch$8('change', 'loadedImages', 'loadedSigns', 'loadedMapFeatures', 'bearingChanged', 'imageChanged');
 
-           do {
-             j--;
-           } while (compare(keys[j], pivot) > 0);
+       var _loadViewerPromise$2;
 
-           if (i >= j) break;
-           var tmp = keys[i];
-           keys[i] = keys[j];
-           keys[j] = tmp;
-           tmp = values[i];
-           values[i] = values[j];
-           values[j] = tmp;
-         }
+       var _mlyActiveImage;
 
-         sort(keys, values, left, j, compare);
-         sort(keys, values, j + 1, right, compare);
-       }
+       var _mlyCache;
 
-       var NORMAL = 0;
-       var NON_CONTRIBUTING = 1;
-       var SAME_TRANSITION = 2;
-       var DIFFERENT_TRANSITION = 3;
+       var _mlyFallback = false;
 
-       var INTERSECTION = 0;
-       var UNION = 1;
-       var DIFFERENCE = 2;
-       var XOR = 3;
+       var _mlyHighlightedDetection;
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} event
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} prev
-        * @param  {Operation} operation
-        */
+       var _mlyShowFeatureDetections = false;
+       var _mlyShowSignDetections = false;
 
-       function computeFields(event, prev, operation) {
-         // compute inOut and otherInOut fields
-         if (prev === null) {
-           event.inOut = false;
-           event.otherInOut = true; // previous line segment in sweepline belongs to the same polygon
-         } else {
-           if (event.isSubject === prev.isSubject) {
-             event.inOut = !prev.inOut;
-             event.otherInOut = prev.otherInOut; // previous line segment in sweepline belongs to the clipping polygon
-           } else {
-             event.inOut = !prev.otherInOut;
-             event.otherInOut = prev.isVertical() ? !prev.inOut : prev.inOut;
-           } // compute prevInResult field
+       var _mlyViewer;
+
+       var _mlyViewerFilter = ['all']; // Load all data for the specified type from Mapillary vector tiles
+
+       function loadTiles$2(which, url, maxZoom, projection) {
+         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([minZoom$1, maxZoom]).skipNullIsland(true);
+         var tiles = tiler.getTiles(projection);
+         tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+           loadTile$1(which, url, tile);
+         });
+       } // Load all data for the specified type from one vector tile
 
 
-           if (prev) {
-             event.prevInResult = !inResult(prev, operation) || prev.isVertical() ? prev.prevInResult : prev;
+       function loadTile$1(which, url, tile) {
+         var cache = _mlyCache.requests;
+         var tileId = "".concat(tile.id, "-").concat(which);
+         if (cache.loaded[tileId] || cache.inflight[tileId]) return;
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         cache.inflight[tileId] = controller;
+         var requestUrl = url.replace('{x}', tile.xyz[0]).replace('{y}', tile.xyz[1]).replace('{z}', tile.xyz[2]);
+         fetch(requestUrl, {
+           signal: controller.signal
+         }).then(function (response) {
+           if (!response.ok) {
+             throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
            }
-         } // check if the line segment belongs to the Boolean operation
 
+           cache.loaded[tileId] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[tileId];
+           return response.arrayBuffer();
+         }).then(function (data) {
+           if (!data) {
+             throw new Error('No Data');
+           }
 
-         var isInResult = inResult(event, operation);
+           loadTileDataToCache(data, tile, which);
 
-         if (isInResult) {
-           event.resultTransition = determineResultTransition(event, operation);
-         } else {
-           event.resultTransition = 0;
-         }
-       }
-       /* eslint-disable indent */
+           if (which === 'images') {
+             dispatch$4.call('loadedImages');
+           } else if (which === 'signs') {
+             dispatch$4.call('loadedSigns');
+           } else if (which === 'points') {
+             dispatch$4.call('loadedMapFeatures');
+           }
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           cache.loaded[tileId] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[tileId];
+         });
+       } // Load the data from the vector tile into cache
 
-       function inResult(event, operation) {
-         switch (event.type) {
-           case NORMAL:
-             switch (operation) {
-               case INTERSECTION:
-                 return !event.otherInOut;
 
-               case UNION:
-                 return event.otherInOut;
+       function loadTileDataToCache(data, tile, which) {
+         var vectorTile = new VectorTile(new pbf(data));
+         var features, cache, layer, i, feature, loc, d;
 
-               case DIFFERENCE:
-                 // return (event.isSubject && !event.otherInOut) ||
-                 //         (!event.isSubject && event.otherInOut);
-                 return event.isSubject && event.otherInOut || !event.isSubject && !event.otherInOut;
+         if (vectorTile.layers.hasOwnProperty('image')) {
+           features = [];
+           cache = _mlyCache.images;
+           layer = vectorTile.layers.image;
 
-               case XOR:
-                 return true;
-             }
+           for (i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+             feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
+             loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
+             d = {
+               loc: loc,
+               captured_at: feature.properties.captured_at,
+               ca: feature.properties.compass_angle,
+               id: feature.properties.id,
+               is_pano: feature.properties.is_pano,
+               sequence_id: feature.properties.sequence_id
+             };
+             cache.forImageId[d.id] = d;
+             features.push({
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
+             });
+           }
 
-             break;
+           if (cache.rtree) {
+             cache.rtree.load(features);
+           }
+         }
 
-           case SAME_TRANSITION:
-             return operation === INTERSECTION || operation === UNION;
+         if (vectorTile.layers.hasOwnProperty('sequence')) {
+           features = [];
+           cache = _mlyCache.sequences;
+           layer = vectorTile.layers.sequence;
 
-           case DIFFERENT_TRANSITION:
-             return operation === DIFFERENCE;
+           for (i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+             feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
 
-           case NON_CONTRIBUTING:
-             return false;
+             if (cache.lineString[feature.properties.id]) {
+               cache.lineString[feature.properties.id].push(feature);
+             } else {
+               cache.lineString[feature.properties.id] = [feature];
+             }
+           }
          }
 
-         return false;
-       }
-       /* eslint-enable indent */
+         if (vectorTile.layers.hasOwnProperty('point')) {
+           features = [];
+           cache = _mlyCache[which];
+           layer = vectorTile.layers.point;
+
+           for (i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+             feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
+             loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
+             d = {
+               loc: loc,
+               id: feature.properties.id,
+               first_seen_at: feature.properties.first_seen_at,
+               last_seen_at: feature.properties.last_seen_at,
+               value: feature.properties.value
+             };
+             features.push({
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
+             });
+           }
 
+           if (cache.rtree) {
+             cache.rtree.load(features);
+           }
+         }
 
-       function determineResultTransition(event, operation) {
-         var thisIn = !event.inOut;
-         var thatIn = !event.otherInOut;
-         var isIn;
+         if (vectorTile.layers.hasOwnProperty('traffic_sign')) {
+           features = [];
+           cache = _mlyCache[which];
+           layer = vectorTile.layers.traffic_sign;
 
-         switch (operation) {
-           case INTERSECTION:
-             isIn = thisIn && thatIn;
-             break;
+           for (i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+             feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
+             loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
+             d = {
+               loc: loc,
+               id: feature.properties.id,
+               first_seen_at: feature.properties.first_seen_at,
+               last_seen_at: feature.properties.last_seen_at,
+               value: feature.properties.value
+             };
+             features.push({
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
+             });
+           }
 
-           case UNION:
-             isIn = thisIn || thatIn;
-             break;
+           if (cache.rtree) {
+             cache.rtree.load(features);
+           }
+         }
+       } // Get data from the API
 
-           case XOR:
-             isIn = thisIn ^ thatIn;
-             break;
 
-           case DIFFERENCE:
-             if (event.isSubject) {
-               isIn = thisIn && !thatIn;
-             } else {
-               isIn = thatIn && !thisIn;
-             }
+       function loadData(url) {
+         return fetch(url).then(function (response) {
+           if (!response.ok) {
+             throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
+           }
 
-             break;
-         }
+           return response.json();
+         }).then(function (result) {
+           if (!result) {
+             return [];
+           }
 
-         return isIn ? +1 : -1;
-       }
+           return result.data || [];
+         });
+       } // Partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
 
-       var SweepEvent = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         /**
-          * Sweepline event
-          *
-          * @class {SweepEvent}
-          * @param {Array.<Number>}  point
-          * @param {Boolean}         left
-          * @param {SweepEvent=}     otherEvent
-          * @param {Boolean}         isSubject
-          * @param {Number}          edgeType
-          */
-         function SweepEvent(point, left, otherEvent, isSubject, edgeType) {
-           _classCallCheck(this, SweepEvent);
 
-           /**
-            * Is left endpoint?
-            * @type {Boolean}
-            */
-           this.left = left;
-           /**
-            * @type {Array.<Number>}
-            */
+       function partitionViewport$2(projection) {
+         var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+         var z2 = Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2 + 2.5; // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
 
-           this.point = point;
-           /**
-            * Other edge reference
-            * @type {SweepEvent}
-            */
+         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
+         return tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
+           return tile.extent;
+         });
+       } // Return no more than `limit` results per partition.
 
-           this.otherEvent = otherEvent;
-           /**
-            * Belongs to source or clipping polygon
-            * @type {Boolean}
-            */
 
-           this.isSubject = isSubject;
-           /**
-            * Edge contribution type
-            * @type {Number}
-            */
+       function searchLimited$2(limit, projection, rtree) {
+         limit = limit || 5;
+         return partitionViewport$2(projection).reduce(function (result, extent) {
+           var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox()).slice(0, limit).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+           return found.length ? result.concat(found) : result;
+         }, []);
+       }
 
-           this.type = edgeType || NORMAL;
-           /**
-            * In-out transition for the sweepline crossing polygon
-            * @type {Boolean}
-            */
+       var serviceMapillary = {
+         // Initialize Mapillary
+         init: function init() {
+           if (!_mlyCache) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
 
-           this.inOut = false;
-           /**
-            * @type {Boolean}
-            */
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$4, 'on');
+         },
+         // Reset cache and state
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_mlyCache) {
+             Object.values(_mlyCache.requests.inflight).forEach(function (request) {
+               request.abort();
+             });
+           }
 
-           this.otherInOut = false;
-           /**
-            * Previous event in result?
-            * @type {SweepEvent}
-            */
+           _mlyCache = {
+             images: {
+               rtree: new RBush(),
+               forImageId: {}
+             },
+             image_detections: {
+               forImageId: {}
+             },
+             signs: {
+               rtree: new RBush()
+             },
+             points: {
+               rtree: new RBush()
+             },
+             sequences: {
+               rtree: new RBush(),
+               lineString: {}
+             },
+             requests: {
+               loaded: {},
+               inflight: {}
+             }
+           };
+           _mlyActiveImage = null;
+         },
+         // Get visible images
+         images: function images(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited$2(limit, projection, _mlyCache.images.rtree);
+         },
+         // Get visible traffic signs
+         signs: function signs(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited$2(limit, projection, _mlyCache.signs.rtree);
+         },
+         // Get visible map (point) features
+         mapFeatures: function mapFeatures(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited$2(limit, projection, _mlyCache.points.rtree);
+         },
+         // Get cached image by id
+         cachedImage: function cachedImage(imageId) {
+           return _mlyCache.images.forImageId[imageId];
+         },
+         // Get visible sequences
+         sequences: function sequences(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           var sequenceIds = {};
+           var lineStrings = [];
 
-           this.prevInResult = null;
-           /**
-            * Type of result transition (0 = not in result, +1 = out-in, -1, in-out)
-            * @type {Number}
-            */
+           _mlyCache.images.rtree.search(bbox).forEach(function (d) {
+             if (d.data.sequence_id) {
+               sequenceIds[d.data.sequence_id] = true;
+             }
+           });
+
+           Object.keys(sequenceIds).forEach(function (sequenceId) {
+             if (_mlyCache.sequences.lineString[sequenceId]) {
+               lineStrings = lineStrings.concat(_mlyCache.sequences.lineString[sequenceId]);
+             }
+           });
+           return lineStrings;
+         },
+         // Load images in the visible area
+         loadImages: function loadImages(projection) {
+           loadTiles$2('images', tileUrl, 14, projection);
+         },
+         // Load traffic signs in the visible area
+         loadSigns: function loadSigns(projection) {
+           loadTiles$2('signs', trafficSignTileUrl, 14, projection);
+         },
+         // Load map (point) features in the visible area
+         loadMapFeatures: function loadMapFeatures(projection) {
+           loadTiles$2('points', mapFeatureTileUrl, 14, projection);
+         },
+         // Return a promise that resolves when the image viewer (Mapillary JS) library has finished loading
+         ensureViewerLoaded: function ensureViewerLoaded(context) {
+           if (_loadViewerPromise$2) return _loadViewerPromise$2; // add mly-wrapper
 
-           this.resultTransition = 0; // connection step
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.mly-wrapper').data([0]);
+           wrap.enter().append('div').attr('id', 'ideditor-mly').attr('class', 'photo-wrapper mly-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           var that = this;
+           _loadViewerPromise$2 = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+             var loadedCount = 0;
 
-           /**
-            * @type {Number}
-            */
+             function loaded() {
+               loadedCount += 1; // wait until both files are loaded
 
-           this.otherPos = -1;
-           /**
-            * @type {Number}
-            */
+               if (loadedCount === 2) resolve();
+             }
 
-           this.outputContourId = -1;
-           this.isExteriorRing = true; // TODO: Looks unused, remove?
-         }
-         /**
-          * @param  {Array.<Number>}  p
-          * @return {Boolean}
-          */
+             var head = select('head'); // load mapillary-viewercss
 
+             head.selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewercss').data([0]).enter().append('link').attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewercss').attr('rel', 'stylesheet').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('href', context.asset(viewercss)).on('load.serviceMapillary', loaded).on('error.serviceMapillary', function () {
+               reject();
+             }); // load mapillary-viewerjs
 
-         _createClass(SweepEvent, [{
-           key: "isBelow",
-           value: function isBelow(p) {
-             var p0 = this.point,
-                 p1 = this.otherEvent.point;
-             return this.left ? (p0[0] - p[0]) * (p1[1] - p[1]) - (p1[0] - p[0]) * (p0[1] - p[1]) > 0 // signedArea(this.point, this.otherEvent.point, p) > 0 :
-             : (p1[0] - p[0]) * (p0[1] - p[1]) - (p0[0] - p[0]) * (p1[1] - p[1]) > 0; //signedArea(this.otherEvent.point, this.point, p) > 0;
+             head.selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs').data([0]).enter().append('script').attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('src', context.asset(viewerjs)).on('load.serviceMapillary', loaded).on('error.serviceMapillary', function () {
+               reject();
+             });
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             _loadViewerPromise$2 = null;
+           }).then(function () {
+             that.initViewer(context);
+           });
+           return _loadViewerPromise$2;
+         },
+         // Load traffic sign image sprites
+         loadSignResources: function loadSignResources(context) {
+           context.ui().svgDefs.addSprites(['mapillary-sprite'], false
+           /* don't override colors */
+           );
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Load map (point) feature image sprites
+         loadObjectResources: function loadObjectResources(context) {
+           context.ui().svgDefs.addSprites(['mapillary-object-sprite'], false
+           /* don't override colors */
+           );
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Remove previous detections in image viewer
+         resetTags: function resetTags() {
+           if (_mlyViewer && !_mlyFallback) {
+             _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag').removeAll();
            }
-           /**
-            * @param  {Array.<Number>}  p
-            * @return {Boolean}
-            */
+         },
+         // Show map feature detections in image viewer
+         showFeatureDetections: function showFeatureDetections(value) {
+           _mlyShowFeatureDetections = value;
 
-         }, {
-           key: "isAbove",
-           value: function isAbove(p) {
-             return !this.isBelow(p);
+           if (!_mlyShowFeatureDetections && !_mlyShowSignDetections) {
+             this.resetTags();
            }
-           /**
-            * @return {Boolean}
-            */
+         },
+         // Show traffic sign detections in image viewer
+         showSignDetections: function showSignDetections(value) {
+           _mlyShowSignDetections = value;
 
-         }, {
-           key: "isVertical",
-           value: function isVertical() {
-             return this.point[0] === this.otherEvent.point[0];
+           if (!_mlyShowFeatureDetections && !_mlyShowSignDetections) {
+             this.resetTags();
            }
-           /**
-            * Does event belong to result?
-            * @return {Boolean}
-            */
+         },
+         // Apply filter to image viewer
+         filterViewer: function filterViewer(context) {
+           var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
+           var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var filter = ['all'];
+           if (!showsPano) filter.push(['!=', 'cameraType', 'spherical']);
+           if (!showsFlat && showsPano) filter.push(['==', 'pano', true]);
 
-         }, {
-           key: "clone",
-           value: function clone() {
-             var copy = new SweepEvent(this.point, this.left, this.otherEvent, this.isSubject, this.type);
-             copy.contourId = this.contourId;
-             copy.resultTransition = this.resultTransition;
-             copy.prevInResult = this.prevInResult;
-             copy.isExteriorRing = this.isExteriorRing;
-             copy.inOut = this.inOut;
-             copy.otherInOut = this.otherInOut;
-             return copy;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "inResult",
-           get: function get() {
-             return this.resultTransition !== 0;
+           if (fromDate) {
+             filter.push(['>=', 'capturedAt', new Date(fromDate).getTime()]);
            }
-         }]);
 
-         return SweepEvent;
-       }();
-
-       function equals(p1, p2) {
-         if (p1[0] === p2[0]) {
-           if (p1[1] === p2[1]) {
-             return true;
-           } else {
-             return false;
+           if (toDate) {
+             filter.push(['>=', 'capturedAt', new Date(toDate).getTime()]);
            }
-         }
-
-         return false;
-       } // const EPSILON = 1e-9;
-       // const abs = Math.abs;
-       // TODO https://github.com/w8r/martinez/issues/6#issuecomment-262847164
-       // Precision problem.
-       //
-       // module.exports = function equals(p1, p2) {
-       //   return abs(p1[0] - p2[0]) <= EPSILON && abs(p1[1] - p2[1]) <= EPSILON;
-       // };
 
-       var epsilon$1 = 1.1102230246251565e-16;
-       var splitter = 134217729;
-       var resulterrbound = (3 + 8 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1; // fast_expansion_sum_zeroelim routine from oritinal code
-
-       function sum(elen, e, flen, f, h) {
-         var Q, Qnew, hh, bvirt;
-         var enow = e[0];
-         var fnow = f[0];
-         var eindex = 0;
-         var findex = 0;
+           if (_mlyViewer) {
+             _mlyViewer.setFilter(filter);
+           }
 
-         if (fnow > enow === fnow > -enow) {
-           Q = enow;
-           enow = e[++eindex];
-         } else {
-           Q = fnow;
-           fnow = f[++findex];
-         }
+           _mlyViewerFilter = filter;
+           return filter;
+         },
+         // Make the image viewer visible
+         showViewer: function showViewer(context) {
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').classed('hide', false);
+           var isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper.hide').size();
 
-         var hindex = 0;
+           if (isHidden && _mlyViewer) {
+             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.mly-wrapper)').classed('hide', true);
+             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper').classed('hide', false);
 
-         if (eindex < elen && findex < flen) {
-           if (fnow > enow === fnow > -enow) {
-             Qnew = enow + Q;
-             hh = Q - (Qnew - enow);
-             enow = e[++eindex];
-           } else {
-             Qnew = fnow + Q;
-             hh = Q - (Qnew - fnow);
-             fnow = f[++findex];
+             _mlyViewer.resize();
            }
 
-           Q = Qnew;
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Hide the image viewer and resets map markers
+         hideViewer: function hideViewer(context) {
+           _mlyActiveImage = null;
 
-           if (hh !== 0) {
-             h[hindex++] = hh;
+           if (!_mlyFallback && _mlyViewer) {
+             _mlyViewer.getComponent('sequence').stop();
            }
 
-           while (eindex < elen && findex < flen) {
-             if (fnow > enow === fnow > -enow) {
-               Qnew = Q + enow;
-               bvirt = Qnew - Q;
-               hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (enow - bvirt);
-               enow = e[++eindex];
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
+           viewer.classed('hide', true).selectAll('.photo-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           this.updateUrlImage(null);
+           dispatch$4.call('imageChanged');
+           dispatch$4.call('loadedMapFeatures');
+           dispatch$4.call('loadedSigns');
+           return this.setStyles(context, null);
+         },
+         // Update the URL with current image id
+         updateUrlImage: function updateUrlImage(imageId) {
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+
+             if (imageId) {
+               hash.photo = 'mapillary/' + imageId;
              } else {
-               Qnew = Q + fnow;
-               bvirt = Qnew - Q;
-               hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (fnow - bvirt);
-               fnow = f[++findex];
+               delete hash.photo;
              }
 
-             Q = Qnew;
-
-             if (hh !== 0) {
-               h[hindex++] = hh;
-             }
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
            }
-         }
-
-         while (eindex < elen) {
-           Qnew = Q + enow;
-           bvirt = Qnew - Q;
-           hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (enow - bvirt);
-           enow = e[++eindex];
-           Q = Qnew;
-
-           if (hh !== 0) {
-             h[hindex++] = hh;
+         },
+         // Highlight the detection in the viewer that is related to the clicked map feature
+         highlightDetection: function highlightDetection(detection) {
+           if (detection) {
+             _mlyHighlightedDetection = detection.id;
            }
-         }
-
-         while (findex < flen) {
-           Qnew = Q + fnow;
-           bvirt = Qnew - Q;
-           hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (fnow - bvirt);
-           fnow = f[++findex];
-           Q = Qnew;
-
-           if (hh !== 0) {
-             h[hindex++] = hh;
-           }
-         }
-
-         if (Q !== 0 || hindex === 0) {
-           h[hindex++] = Q;
-         }
-
-         return hindex;
-       }
-       function estimate(elen, e) {
-         var Q = e[0];
-
-         for (var i = 1; i < elen; i++) {
-           Q += e[i];
-         }
-
-         return Q;
-       }
-       function vec(n) {
-         return new Float64Array(n);
-       }
-
-       var ccwerrboundA = (3 + 16 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1;
-       var ccwerrboundB = (2 + 12 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1;
-       var ccwerrboundC = (9 + 64 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1 * epsilon$1;
-       var B = vec(4);
-       var C1 = vec(8);
-       var C2 = vec(12);
-       var D = vec(16);
-       var u = vec(4);
-
-       function orient2dadapt(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, detsum) {
-         var acxtail, acytail, bcxtail, bcytail;
-
-         var bvirt, c, ahi, alo, bhi, blo, _i, _j, _0, s1, s0, t1, t0, u3;
-
-         var acx = ax - cx;
-         var bcx = bx - cx;
-         var acy = ay - cy;
-         var bcy = by - cy;
-         s1 = acx * bcy;
-         c = splitter * acx;
-         ahi = c - (c - acx);
-         alo = acx - ahi;
-         c = splitter * bcy;
-         bhi = c - (c - bcy);
-         blo = bcy - bhi;
-         s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-         t1 = acy * bcx;
-         c = splitter * acy;
-         ahi = c - (c - acy);
-         alo = acy - ahi;
-         c = splitter * bcx;
-         bhi = c - (c - bcx);
-         blo = bcx - bhi;
-         t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-         _i = s0 - t0;
-         bvirt = s0 - _i;
-         B[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
-         _j = s1 + _i;
-         bvirt = _j - s1;
-         _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-         _i = _0 - t1;
-         bvirt = _0 - _i;
-         B[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
-         u3 = _j + _i;
-         bvirt = u3 - _j;
-         B[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-         B[3] = u3;
-         var det = estimate(4, B);
-         var errbound = ccwerrboundB * detsum;
-
-         if (det >= errbound || -det >= errbound) {
-           return det;
-         }
-
-         bvirt = ax - acx;
-         acxtail = ax - (acx + bvirt) + (bvirt - cx);
-         bvirt = bx - bcx;
-         bcxtail = bx - (bcx + bvirt) + (bvirt - cx);
-         bvirt = ay - acy;
-         acytail = ay - (acy + bvirt) + (bvirt - cy);
-         bvirt = by - bcy;
-         bcytail = by - (bcy + bvirt) + (bvirt - cy);
-
-         if (acxtail === 0 && acytail === 0 && bcxtail === 0 && bcytail === 0) {
-           return det;
-         }
-
-         errbound = ccwerrboundC * detsum + resulterrbound * Math.abs(det);
-         det += acx * bcytail + bcy * acxtail - (acy * bcxtail + bcx * acytail);
-         if (det >= errbound || -det >= errbound) return det;
-         s1 = acxtail * bcy;
-         c = splitter * acxtail;
-         ahi = c - (c - acxtail);
-         alo = acxtail - ahi;
-         c = splitter * bcy;
-         bhi = c - (c - bcy);
-         blo = bcy - bhi;
-         s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-         t1 = acytail * bcx;
-         c = splitter * acytail;
-         ahi = c - (c - acytail);
-         alo = acytail - ahi;
-         c = splitter * bcx;
-         bhi = c - (c - bcx);
-         blo = bcx - bhi;
-         t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-         _i = s0 - t0;
-         bvirt = s0 - _i;
-         u[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
-         _j = s1 + _i;
-         bvirt = _j - s1;
-         _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-         _i = _0 - t1;
-         bvirt = _0 - _i;
-         u[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
-         u3 = _j + _i;
-         bvirt = u3 - _j;
-         u[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-         u[3] = u3;
-         var C1len = sum(4, B, 4, u, C1);
-         s1 = acx * bcytail;
-         c = splitter * acx;
-         ahi = c - (c - acx);
-         alo = acx - ahi;
-         c = splitter * bcytail;
-         bhi = c - (c - bcytail);
-         blo = bcytail - bhi;
-         s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-         t1 = acy * bcxtail;
-         c = splitter * acy;
-         ahi = c - (c - acy);
-         alo = acy - ahi;
-         c = splitter * bcxtail;
-         bhi = c - (c - bcxtail);
-         blo = bcxtail - bhi;
-         t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-         _i = s0 - t0;
-         bvirt = s0 - _i;
-         u[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
-         _j = s1 + _i;
-         bvirt = _j - s1;
-         _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-         _i = _0 - t1;
-         bvirt = _0 - _i;
-         u[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
-         u3 = _j + _i;
-         bvirt = u3 - _j;
-         u[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-         u[3] = u3;
-         var C2len = sum(C1len, C1, 4, u, C2);
-         s1 = acxtail * bcytail;
-         c = splitter * acxtail;
-         ahi = c - (c - acxtail);
-         alo = acxtail - ahi;
-         c = splitter * bcytail;
-         bhi = c - (c - bcytail);
-         blo = bcytail - bhi;
-         s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-         t1 = acytail * bcxtail;
-         c = splitter * acytail;
-         ahi = c - (c - acytail);
-         alo = acytail - ahi;
-         c = splitter * bcxtail;
-         bhi = c - (c - bcxtail);
-         blo = bcxtail - bhi;
-         t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-         _i = s0 - t0;
-         bvirt = s0 - _i;
-         u[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
-         _j = s1 + _i;
-         bvirt = _j - s1;
-         _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-         _i = _0 - t1;
-         bvirt = _0 - _i;
-         u[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
-         u3 = _j + _i;
-         bvirt = u3 - _j;
-         u[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-         u[3] = u3;
-         var Dlen = sum(C2len, C2, 4, u, D);
-         return D[Dlen - 1];
-       }
-
-       function orient2d(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy) {
-         var detleft = (ay - cy) * (bx - cx);
-         var detright = (ax - cx) * (by - cy);
-         var det = detleft - detright;
-         if (detleft === 0 || detright === 0 || detleft > 0 !== detright > 0) return det;
-         var detsum = Math.abs(detleft + detright);
-         if (Math.abs(det) >= ccwerrboundA * detsum) return det;
-         return -orient2dadapt(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, detsum);
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * Signed area of the triangle (p0, p1, p2)
-        * @param  {Array.<Number>} p0
-        * @param  {Array.<Number>} p1
-        * @param  {Array.<Number>} p2
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
 
-       function signedArea(p0, p1, p2) {
-         var res = orient2d(p0[0], p0[1], p1[0], p1[1], p2[0], p2[1]);
-         if (res > 0) return -1;
-         if (res < 0) return 1;
-         return 0;
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} e1
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} e2
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
-
-       function compareEvents(e1, e2) {
-         var p1 = e1.point;
-         var p2 = e2.point; // Different x-coordinate
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Initialize image viewer (Mapillar JS)
+         initViewer: function initViewer(context) {
+           var that = this;
+           if (!window.mapillary) return;
+           var opts = {
+             accessToken: accessToken,
+             component: {
+               cover: false,
+               keyboard: false,
+               tag: true
+             },
+             container: 'ideditor-mly'
+           }; // Disable components requiring WebGL support
 
-         if (p1[0] > p2[0]) return 1;
-         if (p1[0] < p2[0]) return -1; // Different points, but same x-coordinate
-         // Event with lower y-coordinate is processed first
+           if (!mapillary.isSupported() && mapillary.isFallbackSupported()) {
+             _mlyFallback = true;
+             opts.component = {
+               cover: false,
+               direction: false,
+               imagePlane: false,
+               keyboard: false,
+               mouse: false,
+               sequence: false,
+               tag: false,
+               image: true,
+               // fallback
+               navigation: true // fallback
 
-         if (p1[1] !== p2[1]) return p1[1] > p2[1] ? 1 : -1;
-         return specialCases(e1, e2, p1);
-       }
-       /* eslint-disable no-unused-vars */
+             };
+           }
 
-       function specialCases(e1, e2, p1, p2) {
-         // Same coordinates, but one is a left endpoint and the other is
-         // a right endpoint. The right endpoint is processed first
-         if (e1.left !== e2.left) return e1.left ? 1 : -1; // const p2 = e1.otherEvent.point, p3 = e2.otherEvent.point;
-         // const sa = (p1[0] - p3[0]) * (p2[1] - p3[1]) - (p2[0] - p3[0]) * (p1[1] - p3[1])
-         // Same coordinates, both events
-         // are left endpoints or right endpoints.
-         // not collinear
+           _mlyViewer = new mapillary.Viewer(opts);
 
-         if (signedArea(p1, e1.otherEvent.point, e2.otherEvent.point) !== 0) {
-           // the event associate to the bottom segment is processed first
-           return !e1.isBelow(e2.otherEvent.point) ? 1 : -1;
-         }
+           _mlyViewer.on('image', imageChanged);
 
-         return !e1.isSubject && e2.isSubject ? 1 : -1;
-       }
-       /* eslint-enable no-unused-vars */
+           _mlyViewer.on('bearing', bearingChanged);
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} se
-        * @param  {Array.<Number>} p
-        * @param  {Queue} queue
-        * @return {Queue}
-        */
+           if (_mlyViewerFilter) {
+             _mlyViewer.setFilter(_mlyViewerFilter);
+           } // Register viewer resize handler
 
-       function divideSegment(se, p, queue) {
-         var r = new SweepEvent(p, false, se, se.isSubject);
-         var l = new SweepEvent(p, true, se.otherEvent, se.isSubject);
-         /* eslint-disable no-console */
 
-         if (equals(se.point, se.otherEvent.point)) {
-           console.warn('what is that, a collapsed segment?', se);
-         }
-         /* eslint-enable no-console */
+           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.mapillary', function () {
+             if (_mlyViewer) _mlyViewer.resize();
+           }); // imageChanged: called after the viewer has changed images and is ready.
 
+           function imageChanged(node) {
+             that.resetTags();
+             var image = node.image;
+             that.setActiveImage(image);
+             that.setStyles(context, null);
+             var loc = [image.originalLngLat.lng, image.originalLngLat.lat];
+             context.map().centerEase(loc);
+             that.updateUrlImage(image.id);
 
-         r.contourId = l.contourId = se.contourId; // avoid a rounding error. The left event would be processed after the right event
+             if (_mlyShowFeatureDetections || _mlyShowSignDetections) {
+               that.updateDetections(image.id, "".concat(apiUrl, "/").concat(image.id, "/detections?access_token=").concat(accessToken, "&fields=id,image,geometry,value"));
+             }
 
-         if (compareEvents(l, se.otherEvent) > 0) {
-           se.otherEvent.left = true;
-           l.left = false;
-         } // avoid a rounding error. The left event would be processed after the right event
-         // if (compareEvents(se, r) > 0) {}
+             dispatch$4.call('imageChanged');
+           } // bearingChanged: called when the bearing changes in the image viewer.
 
 
-         se.otherEvent.otherEvent = l;
-         se.otherEvent = r;
-         queue.push(l);
-         queue.push(r);
-         return queue;
-       }
+           function bearingChanged(e) {
+             dispatch$4.call('bearingChanged', undefined, e);
+           }
+         },
+         // Move to an image
+         selectImage: function selectImage(context, imageId) {
+           if (_mlyViewer && imageId) {
+             _mlyViewer.moveTo(imageId)["catch"](function (e) {
+               console.error('mly3', e); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+             });
+           }
 
-       //const EPS = 1e-9;
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Return the currently displayed image
+         getActiveImage: function getActiveImage() {
+           return _mlyActiveImage;
+         },
+         // Return a list of detection objects for the given id
+         getDetections: function getDetections(id) {
+           return loadData("".concat(apiUrl, "/").concat(id, "/detections?access_token=").concat(accessToken, "&fields=id,value,image"));
+         },
+         // Set the currently visible image
+         setActiveImage: function setActiveImage(image) {
+           if (image) {
+             _mlyActiveImage = {
+               ca: image.originalCompassAngle,
+               id: image.id,
+               loc: [image.originalLngLat.lng, image.originalLngLat.lat],
+               is_pano: image.cameraType === 'spherical',
+               sequence_id: image.sequenceId
+             };
+           } else {
+             _mlyActiveImage = null;
+           }
+         },
+         // Update the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
+         setStyles: function setStyles(context, hovered) {
+           var hoveredImageId = hovered && hovered.id;
+           var hoveredSequenceId = hovered && hovered.sequence_id;
+           var selectedSequenceId = _mlyActiveImage && _mlyActiveImage.sequence_id;
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return d.sequence_id === selectedSequenceId || d.id === hoveredImageId;
+           }).classed('hovered', function (d) {
+             return d.id === hoveredImageId;
+           });
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .sequence').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.id === hoveredSequenceId;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.id === selectedSequenceId;
+           });
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Get detections for the current image and shows them in the image viewer
+         updateDetections: function updateDetections(imageId, url) {
+           if (!_mlyViewer || _mlyFallback) return;
+           if (!imageId) return;
+           var cache = _mlyCache.image_detections;
 
-       /**
-        * Finds the magnitude of the cross product of two vectors (if we pretend
-        * they're in three dimensions)
-        *
-        * @param {Object} a First vector
-        * @param {Object} b Second vector
-        * @private
-        * @returns {Number} The magnitude of the cross product
-        */
-       function crossProduct(a, b) {
-         return a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0];
-       }
-       /**
-        * Finds the dot product of two vectors.
-        *
-        * @param {Object} a First vector
-        * @param {Object} b Second vector
-        * @private
-        * @returns {Number} The dot product
-        */
+           if (cache.forImageId[imageId]) {
+             showDetections(_mlyCache.image_detections.forImageId[imageId]);
+           } else {
+             loadData(url).then(function (detections) {
+               detections.forEach(function (detection) {
+                 if (!cache.forImageId[imageId]) {
+                   cache.forImageId[imageId] = [];
+                 }
 
+                 cache.forImageId[imageId].push({
+                   geometry: detection.geometry,
+                   id: detection.id,
+                   image_id: imageId,
+                   value: detection.value
+                 });
+               });
+               showDetections(_mlyCache.image_detections.forImageId[imageId] || []);
+             });
+           } // Create a tag for each detection and shows it in the image viewer
 
-       function dotProduct(a, b) {
-         return a[0] * b[0] + a[1] * b[1];
-       }
-       /**
-        * Finds the intersection (if any) between two line segments a and b, given the
-        * line segments' end points a1, a2 and b1, b2.
-        *
-        * This algorithm is based on Schneider and Eberly.
-        * http://www.cimec.org.ar/~ncalvo/Schneider_Eberly.pdf
-        * Page 244.
-        *
-        * @param {Array.<Number>} a1 point of first line
-        * @param {Array.<Number>} a2 point of first line
-        * @param {Array.<Number>} b1 point of second line
-        * @param {Array.<Number>} b2 point of second line
-        * @param {Boolean=}       noEndpointTouch whether to skip single touchpoints
-        *                                         (meaning connected segments) as
-        *                                         intersections
-        * @returns {Array.<Array.<Number>>|Null} If the lines intersect, the point of
-        * intersection. If they overlap, the two end points of the overlapping segment.
-        * Otherwise, null.
-        */
 
+           function showDetections(detections) {
+             var tagComponent = _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag');
 
-       function intersection (a1, a2, b1, b2, noEndpointTouch) {
-         // The algorithm expects our lines in the form P + sd, where P is a point,
-         // s is on the interval [0, 1], and d is a vector.
-         // We are passed two points. P can be the first point of each pair. The
-         // vector, then, could be thought of as the distance (in x and y components)
-         // from the first point to the second point.
-         // So first, let's make our vectors:
-         var va = [a2[0] - a1[0], a2[1] - a1[1]];
-         var vb = [b2[0] - b1[0], b2[1] - b1[1]]; // We also define a function to convert back to regular point form:
+             detections.forEach(function (data) {
+               var tag = makeTag(data);
 
-         /* eslint-disable arrow-body-style */
+               if (tag) {
+                 tagComponent.add([tag]);
+               }
+             });
+           } // Create a Mapillary JS tag object
 
-         function toPoint(p, s, d) {
-           return [p[0] + s * d[0], p[1] + s * d[1]];
-         }
-         /* eslint-enable arrow-body-style */
-         // The rest is pretty much a straight port of the algorithm.
 
+           function makeTag(data) {
+             var valueParts = data.value.split('--');
+             if (!valueParts.length) return;
+             var tag;
+             var text;
+             var color = 0xffffff;
 
-         var e = [b1[0] - a1[0], b1[1] - a1[1]];
-         var kross = crossProduct(va, vb);
-         var sqrKross = kross * kross;
-         var sqrLenA = dotProduct(va, va); //const sqrLenB  = dotProduct(vb, vb);
-         // Check for line intersection. This works because of the properties of the
-         // cross product -- specifically, two vectors are parallel if and only if the
-         // cross product is the 0 vector. The full calculation involves relative error
-         // to account for possible very small line segments. See Schneider & Eberly
-         // for details.
+             if (_mlyHighlightedDetection === data.id) {
+               color = 0xffff00;
+               text = valueParts[1];
 
-         if (sqrKross > 0
-         /* EPS * sqrLenB * sqLenA */
-         ) {
-             // If they're not parallel, then (because these are line segments) they
-             // still might not actually intersect. This code checks that the
-             // intersection point of the lines is actually on both line segments.
-             var s = crossProduct(e, vb) / kross;
+               if (text === 'flat' || text === 'discrete' || text === 'sign') {
+                 text = valueParts[2];
+               }
 
-             if (s < 0 || s > 1) {
-               // not on line segment a
-               return null;
+               text = text.replace(/-/g, ' ');
+               text = text.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + text.slice(1);
+               _mlyHighlightedDetection = null;
              }
 
-             var t = crossProduct(e, va) / kross;
+             var decodedGeometry = window.atob(data.geometry);
+             var uintArray = new Uint8Array(decodedGeometry.length);
 
-             if (t < 0 || t > 1) {
-               // not on line segment b
-               return null;
+             for (var i = 0; i < decodedGeometry.length; i++) {
+               uintArray[i] = decodedGeometry.charCodeAt(i);
              }
 
-             if (s === 0 || s === 1) {
-               // on an endpoint of line segment a
-               return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(a1, s, va)];
-             }
+             var tile = new VectorTile(new pbf(uintArray.buffer));
+             var layer = tile.layers['mpy-or'];
+             var geometries = layer.feature(0).loadGeometry();
+             var polygon = geometries.map(function (ring) {
+               return ring.map(function (point) {
+                 return [point.x / layer.extent, point.y / layer.extent];
+               });
+             });
+             tag = new mapillary.OutlineTag(data.id, new mapillary.PolygonGeometry(polygon[0]), {
+               text: text,
+               textColor: color,
+               lineColor: color,
+               lineWidth: 2,
+               fillColor: color,
+               fillOpacity: 0.3
+             });
+             return tag;
+           }
+         },
+         // Return the current cache
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _mlyCache;
+         }
+       };
 
-             if (t === 0 || t === 1) {
-               // on an endpoint of line segment b
-               return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(b1, t, vb)];
-             }
+       function validationIssue(attrs) {
+         this.type = attrs.type; // required - name of rule that created the issue (e.g. 'missing_tag')
 
-             return [toPoint(a1, s, va)];
-           } // If we've reached this point, then the lines are either parallel or the
-         // same, but the segments could overlap partially or fully, or not at all.
-         // So we need to find the overlap, if any. To do that, we can use e, which is
-         // the (vector) difference between the two initial points. If this is parallel
-         // with the line itself, then the two lines are the same line, and there will
-         // be overlap.
-         //const sqrLenE = dotProduct(e, e);
+         this.subtype = attrs.subtype; // optional - category of the issue within the type (e.g. 'relation_type' under 'missing_tag')
 
+         this.severity = attrs.severity; // required - 'warning' or 'error'
 
-         kross = crossProduct(e, va);
-         sqrKross = kross * kross;
+         this.message = attrs.message; // required - function returning localized string
 
-         if (sqrKross > 0
-         /* EPS * sqLenB * sqLenE */
-         ) {
-             // Lines are just parallel, not the same. No overlap.
-             return null;
-           }
+         this.reference = attrs.reference; // optional - function(selection) to render reference information
 
-         var sa = dotProduct(va, e) / sqrLenA;
-         var sb = sa + dotProduct(va, vb) / sqrLenA;
-         var smin = Math.min(sa, sb);
-         var smax = Math.max(sa, sb); // this is, essentially, the FindIntersection acting on floats from
-         // Schneider & Eberly, just inlined into this function.
+         this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds; // optional - array of IDs of entities involved in the issue
 
-         if (smin <= 1 && smax >= 0) {
-           // overlap on an end point
-           if (smin === 1) {
-             return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(a1, smin > 0 ? smin : 0, va)];
-           }
+         this.loc = attrs.loc; // optional - [lon, lat] to zoom in on to see the issue
 
-           if (smax === 0) {
-             return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(a1, smax < 1 ? smax : 1, va)];
-           }
+         this.data = attrs.data; // optional - object containing extra data for the fixes
 
-           if (noEndpointTouch && smin === 0 && smax === 1) return null; // There's overlap on a segment -- two points of intersection. Return both.
+         this.dynamicFixes = attrs.dynamicFixes; // optional - function(context) returning fixes
 
-           return [toPoint(a1, smin > 0 ? smin : 0, va), toPoint(a1, smax < 1 ? smax : 1, va)];
-         }
+         this.hash = attrs.hash; // optional - string to further differentiate the issue
 
-         return null;
-       }
+         this.id = generateID.apply(this); // generated - see below
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} se1
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} se2
-        * @param  {Queue}      queue
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
+         this.key = generateKey.apply(this); // generated - see below (call after generating this.id)
 
-       function possibleIntersection(se1, se2, queue) {
-         // that disallows self-intersecting polygons,
-         // did cost us half a day, so I'll leave it
-         // out of respect
-         // if (se1.isSubject === se2.isSubject) return;
-         var inter = intersection(se1.point, se1.otherEvent.point, se2.point, se2.otherEvent.point);
-         var nintersections = inter ? inter.length : 0;
-         if (nintersections === 0) return 0; // no intersection
-         // the line segments intersect at an endpoint of both line segments
-
-         if (nintersections === 1 && (equals(se1.point, se2.point) || equals(se1.otherEvent.point, se2.otherEvent.point))) {
-           return 0;
-         }
+         this.autoFix = null; // generated - if autofix exists, will be set below
+         // A unique, deterministic string hash.
+         // Issues with identical id values are considered identical.
 
-         if (nintersections === 2 && se1.isSubject === se2.isSubject) {
-           // if(se1.contourId === se2.contourId){
-           // console.warn('Edges of the same polygon overlap',
-           //   se1.point, se1.otherEvent.point, se2.point, se2.otherEvent.point);
-           // }
-           //throw new Error('Edges of the same polygon overlap');
-           return 0;
-         } // The line segments associated to se1 and se2 intersect
+         function generateID() {
+           var parts = [this.type];
 
+           if (this.hash) {
+             // subclasses can pass in their own differentiator
+             parts.push(this.hash);
+           }
 
-         if (nintersections === 1) {
-           // if the intersection point is not an endpoint of se1
-           if (!equals(se1.point, inter[0]) && !equals(se1.otherEvent.point, inter[0])) {
-             divideSegment(se1, inter[0], queue);
-           } // if the intersection point is not an endpoint of se2
+           if (this.subtype) {
+             parts.push(this.subtype);
+           } // include the entities this issue is for
+           // (sort them so the id is deterministic)
 
 
-           if (!equals(se2.point, inter[0]) && !equals(se2.otherEvent.point, inter[0])) {
-             divideSegment(se2, inter[0], queue);
+           if (this.entityIds) {
+             var entityKeys = this.entityIds.slice().sort();
+             parts.push.apply(parts, entityKeys);
            }
 
-           return 1;
-         } // The line segments associated to se1 and se2 overlap
-
-
-         var events = [];
-         var leftCoincide = false;
-         var rightCoincide = false;
+           return parts.join(':');
+         } // An identifier suitable for use as the second argument to d3.selection#data().
+         // (i.e. this should change whenever the data needs to be refreshed)
 
-         if (equals(se1.point, se2.point)) {
-           leftCoincide = true; // linked
-         } else if (compareEvents(se1, se2) === 1) {
-           events.push(se2, se1);
-         } else {
-           events.push(se1, se2);
-         }
 
-         if (equals(se1.otherEvent.point, se2.otherEvent.point)) {
-           rightCoincide = true;
-         } else if (compareEvents(se1.otherEvent, se2.otherEvent) === 1) {
-           events.push(se2.otherEvent, se1.otherEvent);
-         } else {
-           events.push(se1.otherEvent, se2.otherEvent);
+         function generateKey() {
+           return this.id + ':' + Date.now().toString(); // include time of creation
          }
 
-         if (leftCoincide && rightCoincide || leftCoincide) {
-           // both line segments are equal or share the left endpoint
-           se2.type = NON_CONTRIBUTING;
-           se1.type = se2.inOut === se1.inOut ? SAME_TRANSITION : DIFFERENT_TRANSITION;
-
-           if (leftCoincide && !rightCoincide) {
-             // honestly no idea, but changing events selection from [2, 1]
-             // to [0, 1] fixes the overlapping self-intersecting polygons issue
-             divideSegment(events[1].otherEvent, events[0].point, queue);
+         this.extent = function (resolver) {
+           if (this.loc) {
+             return geoExtent(this.loc);
            }
 
-           return 2;
-         } // the line segments share the right endpoint
+           if (this.entityIds && this.entityIds.length) {
+             return this.entityIds.reduce(function (extent, entityId) {
+               return extent.extend(resolver.entity(entityId).extent(resolver));
+             }, geoExtent());
+           }
 
+           return null;
+         };
 
-         if (rightCoincide) {
-           divideSegment(events[0], events[1].point, queue);
-           return 3;
-         } // no line segment includes totally the other one
+         this.fixes = function (context) {
+           var fixes = this.dynamicFixes ? this.dynamicFixes(context) : [];
+           var issue = this;
 
+           if (issue.severity === 'warning') {
+             // allow ignoring any issue that's not an error
+             fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+               title: _t.html('issues.fix.ignore_issue.title'),
+               icon: 'iD-icon-close',
+               onClick: function onClick() {
+                 context.validator().ignoreIssue(this.issue.id);
+               }
+             }));
+           }
 
-         if (events[0] !== events[3].otherEvent) {
-           divideSegment(events[0], events[1].point, queue);
-           divideSegment(events[1], events[2].point, queue);
-           return 3;
-         } // one line segment includes the other one
+           fixes.forEach(function (fix) {
+             // the id doesn't matter as long as it's unique to this issue/fix
+             fix.id = fix.title; // add a reference to the issue for use in actions
 
+             fix.issue = issue;
 
-         divideSegment(events[0], events[1].point, queue);
-         divideSegment(events[3].otherEvent, events[2].point, queue);
-         return 3;
+             if (fix.autoArgs) {
+               issue.autoFix = fix;
+             }
+           });
+           return fixes;
+         };
        }
+       function validationIssueFix(attrs) {
+         this.title = attrs.title; // Required
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} le1
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} le2
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
-
-       function compareSegments(le1, le2) {
-         if (le1 === le2) return 0; // Segments are not collinear
-
-         if (signedArea(le1.point, le1.otherEvent.point, le2.point) !== 0 || signedArea(le1.point, le1.otherEvent.point, le2.otherEvent.point) !== 0) {
-           // If they share their left endpoint use the right endpoint to sort
-           if (equals(le1.point, le2.point)) return le1.isBelow(le2.otherEvent.point) ? -1 : 1; // Different left endpoint: use the left endpoint to sort
-
-           if (le1.point[0] === le2.point[0]) return le1.point[1] < le2.point[1] ? -1 : 1; // has the line segment associated to e1 been inserted
-           // into S after the line segment associated to e2 ?
+         this.onClick = attrs.onClick; // Optional - the function to run to apply the fix
 
-           if (compareEvents(le1, le2) === 1) return le2.isAbove(le1.point) ? -1 : 1; // The line segment associated to e2 has been inserted
-           // into S after the line segment associated to e1
+         this.disabledReason = attrs.disabledReason; // Optional - a string explaining why the fix is unavailable, if any
 
-           return le1.isBelow(le2.point) ? -1 : 1;
-         }
+         this.icon = attrs.icon; // Optional - shows 'iD-icon-wrench' if not set
 
-         if (le1.isSubject === le2.isSubject) {
-           // same polygon
-           var p1 = le1.point,
-               p2 = le2.point;
+         this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds || []; // Optional - used for hover-higlighting.
 
-           if (p1[0] === p2[0] && p1[1] === p2[1]
-           /*equals(le1.point, le2.point)*/
-           ) {
-               p1 = le1.otherEvent.point;
-               p2 = le2.otherEvent.point;
-               if (p1[0] === p2[0] && p1[1] === p2[1]) return 0;else return le1.contourId > le2.contourId ? 1 : -1;
-             }
-         } else {
-           // Segments are collinear, but belong to separate polygons
-           return le1.isSubject ? -1 : 1;
-         }
+         this.autoArgs = attrs.autoArgs; // Optional - pass [actions, annotation] arglist if this fix can automatically run
 
-         return compareEvents(le1, le2) === 1 ? 1 : -1;
+         this.issue = null; // Generated link - added by validationIssue
        }
 
-       function subdivide(eventQueue, subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation) {
-         var sweepLine = new SplayTree(compareSegments);
-         var sortedEvents = [];
-         var rightbound = Math.min(sbbox[2], cbbox[2]);
-         var prev, next, begin;
-
-         while (eventQueue.length !== 0) {
-           var event = eventQueue.pop();
-           sortedEvents.push(event); // optimization by bboxes for intersection and difference goes here
-
-           if (operation === INTERSECTION && event.point[0] > rightbound || operation === DIFFERENCE && event.point[0] > sbbox[2]) {
-             break;
-           }
-
-           if (event.left) {
-             next = prev = sweepLine.insert(event);
-             begin = sweepLine.minNode();
-             if (prev !== begin) prev = sweepLine.prev(prev);else prev = null;
-             next = sweepLine.next(next);
-             var prevEvent = prev ? prev.key : null;
-             var prevprevEvent = void 0;
-             computeFields(event, prevEvent, operation);
+       var buildRuleChecks = function buildRuleChecks() {
+         return {
+           equals: function equals(_equals) {
+             return function (tags) {
+               return Object.keys(_equals).every(function (k) {
+                 return _equals[k] === tags[k];
+               });
+             };
+           },
+           notEquals: function notEquals(_notEquals) {
+             return function (tags) {
+               return Object.keys(_notEquals).some(function (k) {
+                 return _notEquals[k] !== tags[k];
+               });
+             };
+           },
+           absence: function absence(_absence) {
+             return function (tags) {
+               return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(_absence) === -1;
+             };
+           },
+           presence: function presence(_presence) {
+             return function (tags) {
+               return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(_presence) > -1;
+             };
+           },
+           greaterThan: function greaterThan(_greaterThan) {
+             var key = Object.keys(_greaterThan)[0];
+             var value = _greaterThan[key];
+             return function (tags) {
+               return tags[key] > value;
+             };
+           },
+           greaterThanEqual: function greaterThanEqual(_greaterThanEqual) {
+             var key = Object.keys(_greaterThanEqual)[0];
+             var value = _greaterThanEqual[key];
+             return function (tags) {
+               return tags[key] >= value;
+             };
+           },
+           lessThan: function lessThan(_lessThan) {
+             var key = Object.keys(_lessThan)[0];
+             var value = _lessThan[key];
+             return function (tags) {
+               return tags[key] < value;
+             };
+           },
+           lessThanEqual: function lessThanEqual(_lessThanEqual) {
+             var key = Object.keys(_lessThanEqual)[0];
+             var value = _lessThanEqual[key];
+             return function (tags) {
+               return tags[key] <= value;
+             };
+           },
+           positiveRegex: function positiveRegex(_positiveRegex) {
+             var tagKey = Object.keys(_positiveRegex)[0];
 
-             if (next) {
-               if (possibleIntersection(event, next.key, eventQueue) === 2) {
-                 computeFields(event, prevEvent, operation);
-                 computeFields(event, next.key, operation);
-               }
-             }
+             var expression = _positiveRegex[tagKey].join('|');
 
-             if (prev) {
-               if (possibleIntersection(prev.key, event, eventQueue) === 2) {
-                 var prevprev = prev;
-                 if (prevprev !== begin) prevprev = sweepLine.prev(prevprev);else prevprev = null;
-                 prevprevEvent = prevprev ? prevprev.key : null;
-                 computeFields(prevEvent, prevprevEvent, operation);
-                 computeFields(event, prevEvent, operation);
-               }
-             }
-           } else {
-             event = event.otherEvent;
-             next = prev = sweepLine.find(event);
+             var regex = new RegExp(expression);
+             return function (tags) {
+               return regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
+             };
+           },
+           negativeRegex: function negativeRegex(_negativeRegex) {
+             var tagKey = Object.keys(_negativeRegex)[0];
 
-             if (prev && next) {
-               if (prev !== begin) prev = sweepLine.prev(prev);else prev = null;
-               next = sweepLine.next(next);
-               sweepLine.remove(event);
+             var expression = _negativeRegex[tagKey].join('|');
 
-               if (next && prev) {
-                 possibleIntersection(prev.key, next.key, eventQueue);
-               }
-             }
+             var regex = new RegExp(expression);
+             return function (tags) {
+               return !regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
+             };
            }
-         }
-
-         return sortedEvents;
-       }
-
-       var Contour = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         /**
-          * Contour
-          *
-          * @class {Contour}
-          */
-         function Contour() {
-           _classCallCheck(this, Contour);
-
-           this.points = [];
-           this.holeIds = [];
-           this.holeOf = null;
-           this.depth = null;
-         }
+         };
+       };
 
-         _createClass(Contour, [{
-           key: "isExterior",
-           value: function isExterior() {
-             return this.holeOf == null;
+       var buildLineKeys = function buildLineKeys() {
+         return {
+           highway: {
+             rest_area: true,
+             services: true
+           },
+           railway: {
+             roundhouse: true,
+             station: true,
+             traverser: true,
+             turntable: true,
+             wash: true
            }
-         }]);
-
-         return Contour;
-       }();
+         };
+       };
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {Array.<SweepEvent>} sortedEvents
-        * @return {Array.<SweepEvent>}
-        */
+       var serviceMapRules = {
+         init: function init() {
+           this._ruleChecks = buildRuleChecks();
+           this._validationRules = [];
+           this._areaKeys = osmAreaKeys;
+           this._lineKeys = buildLineKeys();
+         },
+         // list of rules only relevant to tag checks...
+         filterRuleChecks: function filterRuleChecks(selector) {
+           var _ruleChecks = this._ruleChecks;
+           return Object.keys(selector).reduce(function (rules, key) {
+             if (['geometry', 'error', 'warning'].indexOf(key) === -1) {
+               rules.push(_ruleChecks[key](selector[key]));
+             }
 
-       function orderEvents(sortedEvents) {
-         var event, i, len, tmp;
-         var resultEvents = [];
+             return rules;
+           }, []);
+         },
+         // builds tagMap from mapcss-parse selector object...
+         buildTagMap: function buildTagMap(selector) {
+           var getRegexValues = function getRegexValues(regexes) {
+             return regexes.map(function (regex) {
+               return regex.replace(/\$|\^/g, '');
+             });
+           };
 
-         for (i = 0, len = sortedEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
-           event = sortedEvents[i];
+           var tagMap = Object.keys(selector).reduce(function (expectedTags, key) {
+             var values;
+             var isRegex = /regex/gi.test(key);
+             var isEqual = /equals/gi.test(key);
 
-           if (event.left && event.inResult || !event.left && event.otherEvent.inResult) {
-             resultEvents.push(event);
-           }
-         } // Due to overlapping edges the resultEvents array can be not wholly sorted
+             if (isRegex || isEqual) {
+               Object.keys(selector[key]).forEach(function (selectorKey) {
+                 values = isEqual ? [selector[key][selectorKey]] : getRegexValues(selector[key][selectorKey]);
 
+                 if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(selectorKey)) {
+                   values = values.concat(expectedTags[selectorKey]);
+                 }
 
-         var sorted = false;
+                 expectedTags[selectorKey] = values;
+               });
+             } else if (/(greater|less)Than(Equal)?|presence/g.test(key)) {
+               var tagKey = /presence/.test(key) ? selector[key] : Object.keys(selector[key])[0];
+               values = [selector[key][tagKey]];
 
-         while (!sorted) {
-           sorted = true;
+               if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(tagKey)) {
+                 values = values.concat(expectedTags[tagKey]);
+               }
 
-           for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
-             if (i + 1 < len && compareEvents(resultEvents[i], resultEvents[i + 1]) === 1) {
-               tmp = resultEvents[i];
-               resultEvents[i] = resultEvents[i + 1];
-               resultEvents[i + 1] = tmp;
-               sorted = false;
+               expectedTags[tagKey] = values;
              }
-           }
-         }
-
-         for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
-           event = resultEvents[i];
-           event.otherPos = i;
-         } // imagine, the right event is found in the beginning of the queue,
-         // when his left counterpart is not marked yet
 
+             return expectedTags;
+           }, {});
+           return tagMap;
+         },
+         // inspired by osmWay#isArea()
+         inferGeometry: function inferGeometry(tagMap) {
+           var _lineKeys = this._lineKeys;
+           var _areaKeys = this._areaKeys;
 
-         for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
-           event = resultEvents[i];
+           var keyValueDoesNotImplyArea = function keyValueDoesNotImplyArea(key) {
+             return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_areaKeys[key])).length > 0;
+           };
 
-           if (!event.left) {
-             tmp = event.otherPos;
-             event.otherPos = event.otherEvent.otherPos;
-             event.otherEvent.otherPos = tmp;
-           }
-         }
+           var keyValueImpliesLine = function keyValueImpliesLine(key) {
+             return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_lineKeys[key])).length > 0;
+           };
 
-         return resultEvents;
-       }
-       /**
-        * @param  {Number} pos
-        * @param  {Array.<SweepEvent>} resultEvents
-        * @param  {Object>}    processed
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
+           if (tagMap.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
+             if (tagMap.area.indexOf('yes') > -1) {
+               return 'area';
+             }
 
+             if (tagMap.area.indexOf('no') > -1) {
+               return 'line';
+             }
+           }
 
-       function nextPos(pos, resultEvents, processed, origPos) {
-         var newPos = pos + 1,
-             p = resultEvents[pos].point,
-             p1;
-         var length = resultEvents.length;
-         if (newPos < length) p1 = resultEvents[newPos].point;
+           for (var key in tagMap) {
+             if (key in _areaKeys && !keyValueDoesNotImplyArea(key)) {
+               return 'area';
+             }
 
-         while (newPos < length && p1[0] === p[0] && p1[1] === p[1]) {
-           if (!processed[newPos]) {
-             return newPos;
-           } else {
-             newPos++;
+             if (key in _lineKeys && keyValueImpliesLine(key)) {
+               return 'area';
+             }
            }
 
-           p1 = resultEvents[newPos].point;
-         }
-
-         newPos = pos - 1;
+           return 'line';
+         },
+         // adds from mapcss-parse selector check...
+         addRule: function addRule(selector) {
+           var rule = {
+             // checks relevant to mapcss-selector
+             checks: this.filterRuleChecks(selector),
+             // true if all conditions for a tag error are true..
+             matches: function matches(entity) {
+               return this.checks.every(function (check) {
+                 return check(entity.tags);
+               });
+             },
+             // borrowed from Way#isArea()
+             inferredGeometry: this.inferGeometry(this.buildTagMap(selector), this._areaKeys),
+             geometryMatches: function geometryMatches(entity, graph) {
+               if (entity.type === 'node' || entity.type === 'relation') {
+                 return selector.geometry === entity.type;
+               } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                 return this.inferredGeometry === entity.geometry(graph);
+               }
+             },
+             // when geometries match and tag matches are present, return a warning...
+             findIssues: function findIssues(entity, graph, issues) {
+               if (this.geometryMatches(entity, graph) && this.matches(entity)) {
+                 var severity = Object.keys(selector).indexOf('error') > -1 ? 'error' : 'warning';
+                 var _message = selector[severity];
+                 issues.push(new validationIssue({
+                   type: 'maprules',
+                   severity: severity,
+                   message: function message() {
+                     return _message;
+                   },
+                   entityIds: [entity.id]
+                 }));
+               }
+             }
+           };
 
-         while (processed[newPos] && newPos > origPos) {
-           newPos--;
+           this._validationRules.push(rule);
+         },
+         clearRules: function clearRules() {
+           this._validationRules = [];
+         },
+         // returns validationRules...
+         validationRules: function validationRules() {
+           return this._validationRules;
+         },
+         // returns ruleChecks
+         ruleChecks: function ruleChecks() {
+           return this._ruleChecks;
          }
+       };
 
-         return newPos;
-       }
-
-       function initializeContourFromContext(event, contours, contourId) {
-         var contour = new Contour();
-
-         if (event.prevInResult != null) {
-           var prevInResult = event.prevInResult; // Note that it is valid to query the "previous in result" for its output contour id,
-           // because we must have already processed it (i.e., assigned an output contour id)
-           // in an earlier iteration, otherwise it wouldn't be possible that it is "previous in
-           // result".
-
-           var lowerContourId = prevInResult.outputContourId;
-           var lowerResultTransition = prevInResult.resultTransition;
+       var apibase$2 = 'https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/';
+       var _inflight$2 = {};
 
-           if (lowerResultTransition > 0) {
-             // We are inside. Now we have to check if the thing below us is another hole or
-             // an exterior contour.
-             var lowerContour = contours[lowerContourId];
+       var _nominatimCache;
 
-             if (lowerContour.holeOf != null) {
-               // The lower contour is a hole => Connect the new contour as a hole to its parent,
-               // and use same depth.
-               var parentContourId = lowerContour.holeOf;
-               contours[parentContourId].holeIds.push(contourId);
-               contour.holeOf = parentContourId;
-               contour.depth = contours[lowerContourId].depth;
+       var serviceNominatim = {
+         init: function init() {
+           _inflight$2 = {};
+           _nominatimCache = new RBush();
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           Object.values(_inflight$2).forEach(function (controller) {
+             controller.abort();
+           });
+           _inflight$2 = {};
+           _nominatimCache = new RBush();
+         },
+         countryCode: function countryCode(location, callback) {
+           this.reverse(location, function (err, result) {
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
+             } else if (result.address) {
+               return callback(null, result.address.country_code);
              } else {
-               // The lower contour is an exterior contour => Connect the new contour as a hole,
-               // and increment depth.
-               contours[lowerContourId].holeIds.push(contourId);
-               contour.holeOf = lowerContourId;
-               contour.depth = contours[lowerContourId].depth + 1;
+               return callback('Unable to geocode', null);
              }
-           } else {
-             // We are outside => this contour is an exterior contour of same depth.
-             contour.holeOf = null;
-             contour.depth = contours[lowerContourId].depth;
-           }
-         } else {
-           // There is no lower/previous contour => this contour is an exterior contour of depth 0.
-           contour.holeOf = null;
-           contour.depth = 0;
-         }
-
-         return contour;
-       }
-       /**
-        * @param  {Array.<SweepEvent>} sortedEvents
-        * @return {Array.<*>} polygons
-        */
-
-
-       function connectEdges(sortedEvents) {
-         var i, len;
-         var resultEvents = orderEvents(sortedEvents); // "false"-filled array
-
-         var processed = {};
-         var contours = [];
+           });
+         },
+         reverse: function reverse(loc, callback) {
+           var cached = _nominatimCache.search({
+             minX: loc[0],
+             minY: loc[1],
+             maxX: loc[0],
+             maxY: loc[1]
+           });
 
-         var _loop = function _loop() {
-           if (processed[i]) {
-             return "continue";
+           if (cached.length > 0) {
+             if (callback) callback(null, cached[0].data);
+             return;
            }
 
-           var contourId = contours.length;
-           var contour = initializeContourFromContext(resultEvents[i], contours, contourId); // Helper function that combines marking an event as processed with assigning its output contour ID
-
-           var markAsProcessed = function markAsProcessed(pos) {
-             processed[pos] = true;
-             resultEvents[pos].outputContourId = contourId;
+           var params = {
+             zoom: 13,
+             format: 'json',
+             addressdetails: 1,
+             lat: loc[1],
+             lon: loc[0]
            };
+           var url = apibase$2 + 'reverse?' + utilQsString(params);
+           if (_inflight$2[url]) return;
+           var controller = new AbortController();
+           _inflight$2[url] = controller;
+           d3_json(url, {
+             signal: controller.signal
+           }).then(function (result) {
+             delete _inflight$2[url];
 
-           var pos = i;
-           var origPos = i;
-           var initial = resultEvents[i].point;
-           contour.points.push(initial);
-           /* eslint no-constant-condition: "off" */
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
 
-           while (true) {
-             markAsProcessed(pos);
-             pos = resultEvents[pos].otherPos;
-             markAsProcessed(pos);
-             contour.points.push(resultEvents[pos].point);
-             pos = nextPos(pos, resultEvents, processed, origPos);
+             var extent = geoExtent(loc).padByMeters(200);
 
-             if (pos == origPos) {
-               break;
-             }
-           }
+             _nominatimCache.insert(Object.assign(extent.bbox(), {
+               data: result
+             }));
 
-           contours.push(contour);
-         };
+             if (callback) callback(null, result);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             delete _inflight$2[url];
+             if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
+         },
+         search: function search(val, callback) {
+           var searchVal = encodeURIComponent(val);
+           var url = apibase$2 + 'search/' + searchVal + '?limit=10&format=json';
+           if (_inflight$2[url]) return;
+           var controller = new AbortController();
+           _inflight$2[url] = controller;
+           d3_json(url, {
+             signal: controller.signal
+           }).then(function (result) {
+             delete _inflight$2[url];
 
-         for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
-           var _ret = _loop();
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
 
-           if (_ret === "continue") continue;
+             if (callback) callback(null, result);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             delete _inflight$2[url];
+             if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
          }
+       };
+
+       // for punction see https://stackoverflow.com/a/21224179
 
-         return contours;
+       function simplify$1(str) {
+         if (typeof str !== 'string') return '';
+         return diacritics.remove(str.replace(/&/g, 'and').replace(/İ/ig, 'i') // for BİM, İşbank - #5017
+         .replace(/[\s\-=_!"#%'*{},.\/:;?\(\)\[\]@\\$\^*+<>«»~`’\u00a1\u00a7\u00b6\u00b7\u00bf\u037e\u0387\u055a-\u055f\u0589\u05c0\u05c3\u05c6\u05f3\u05f4\u0609\u060a\u060c\u060d\u061b\u061e\u061f\u066a-\u066d\u06d4\u0700-\u070d\u07f7-\u07f9\u0830-\u083e\u085e\u0964\u0965\u0970\u0af0\u0df4\u0e4f\u0e5a\u0e5b\u0f04-\u0f12\u0f14\u0f85\u0fd0-\u0fd4\u0fd9\u0fda\u104a-\u104f\u10fb\u1360-\u1368\u166d\u166e\u16eb-\u16ed\u1735\u1736\u17d4-\u17d6\u17d8-\u17da\u1800-\u1805\u1807-\u180a\u1944\u1945\u1a1e\u1a1f\u1aa0-\u1aa6\u1aa8-\u1aad\u1b5a-\u1b60\u1bfc-\u1bff\u1c3b-\u1c3f\u1c7e\u1c7f\u1cc0-\u1cc7\u1cd3\u2000-\u206f\u2cf9-\u2cfc\u2cfe\u2cff\u2d70\u2e00-\u2e7f\u3001-\u3003\u303d\u30fb\ua4fe\ua4ff\ua60d-\ua60f\ua673\ua67e\ua6f2-\ua6f7\ua874-\ua877\ua8ce\ua8cf\ua8f8-\ua8fa\ua92e\ua92f\ua95f\ua9c1-\ua9cd\ua9de\ua9df\uaa5c-\uaa5f\uaade\uaadf\uaaf0\uaaf1\uabeb\ufe10-\ufe16\ufe19\ufe30\ufe45\ufe46\ufe49-\ufe4c\ufe50-\ufe52\ufe54-\ufe57\ufe5f-\ufe61\ufe68\ufe6a\ufe6b\ufeff\uff01-\uff03\uff05-\uff07\uff0a\uff0c\uff0e\uff0f\uff1a\uff1b\uff1f\uff20\uff3c\uff61\uff64\uff65]+/g, '').toLowerCase());
        }
 
-       var tinyqueue = TinyQueue;
-       var _default$1 = TinyQueue;
+       var matchGroups$1 = {adult_gaming_centre:["amenity/casino","amenity/gambling","leisure/adult_gaming_centre"],beauty:["shop/beauty","shop/hairdresser_supply"],bed:["shop/bed","shop/furniture"],beverages:["shop/alcohol","shop/beer","shop/beverages","shop/wine"],camping:["leisure/park","tourism/camp_site","tourism/caravan_site"],car_parts:["shop/car_parts","shop/car_repair","shop/tires","shop/tyres"],clinic:["amenity/clinic","amenity/doctors","healthcare/clinic","healthcare/dialysis"],confectionery:["shop/candy","shop/chocolate","shop/confectionery"],convenience:["shop/beauty","shop/chemist","shop/convenience","shop/cosmetics","shop/grocery","shop/newsagent"],coworking:["amenity/coworking_space","office/coworking","office/coworking_space"],dentist:["amenity/dentist","amenity/doctors","healthcare/dentist"],electronics:["office/telecommunication","shop/computer","shop/electronics","shop/hifi","shop/mobile","shop/mobile_phone","shop/telecommunication"],fabric:["shop/fabric","shop/haberdashery","shop/sewing"],fashion:["shop/accessories","shop/bag","shop/botique","shop/clothes","shop/department_store","shop/fashion","shop/fashion_accessories","shop/sports","shop/shoes"],financial:["amenity/bank","office/accountant","office/financial","office/financial_advisor","office/tax_advisor","shop/tax"],fitness:["leisure/fitness_centre","leisure/fitness_center","leisure/sports_centre","leisure/sports_center"],food:["amenity/pub","amenity/bar","amenity/cafe","amenity/fast_food","amenity/ice_cream","amenity/restaurant","shop/bakery","shop/ice_cream","shop/pastry","shop/tea","shop/coffee"],fuel:["amenity/fuel","shop/gas","shop/convenience;gas","shop/gas;convenience"],gift:["shop/gift","shop/card","shop/cards","shop/stationery"],hardware:["shop/bathroom_furnishing","shop/carpet","shop/diy","shop/doityourself","shop/doors","shop/electrical","shop/flooring","shop/hardware","shop/hardware_store","shop/power_tools","shop/tool_hire","shop/tools","shop/trade"],health_food:["shop/health","shop/health_food","shop/herbalist","shop/nutrition_supplements"],hobby:["shop/electronics","shop/hobby","shop/books","shop/games","shop/collector","shop/toys","shop/model","shop/video_games","shop/anime"],hospital:["amenity/doctors","amenity/hospital","healthcare/hospital"],houseware:["shop/houseware","shop/interior_decoration"],lifeboat_station:["amenity/lifeboat_station","emergency/lifeboat_station","emergency/marine_rescue"],lodging:["tourism/hotel","tourism/motel"],money_transfer:["amenity/money_transfer","shop/money_transfer"],office_supplies:["shop/office_supplies","shop/stationary","shop/stationery"],outdoor:["shop/outdoor","shop/sports"],pharmacy:["amenity/doctors","amenity/pharmacy","healthcare/pharmacy"],playground:["amenity/theme_park","leisure/amusement_arcade","leisure/playground"],rental:["amenity/bicycle_rental","amenity/boat_rental","amenity/car_rental","amenity/truck_rental","amenity/vehicle_rental","shop/rental"],school:["amenity/childcare","amenity/college","amenity/kindergarten","amenity/language_school","amenity/prep_school","amenity/school","amenity/university"],supermarket:["shop/food","shop/frozen_food","shop/greengrocer","shop/grocery","shop/supermarket","shop/wholesale"],variety_store:["shop/variety_store","shop/discount","shop/convenience"],vending:["amenity/vending_machine","shop/vending_machine"],storage:["shop/storage_units","shop/storage_rental"],weight_loss:["amenity/doctors","amenity/weight_clinic","healthcare/counselling","leisure/fitness_centre","office/therapist","shop/beauty","shop/diet","shop/food","shop/health_food","shop/herbalist","shop/nutrition","shop/nutrition_supplements","shop/weight_loss"],wholesale:["shop/wholesale","shop/supermarket","shop/department_store"]};
+       var matchGroupsJSON = {
+       matchGroups: matchGroups$1
+       };
 
-       function TinyQueue(data, compare) {
-         if (!(this instanceof TinyQueue)) return new TinyQueue(data, compare);
-         this.data = data || [];
-         this.length = this.data.length;
-         this.compare = compare || defaultCompare$1;
+       var genericWords = ["^(barn|bazaa?r|bench|bou?tique|building|casa|church)$","^(baseball|basketball|football|soccer|softball|tennis(halle)?)\\s?(field|court)?$","^(club|green|out|ware)\\s?house$","^(driveway|el árbol|fountain|golf|government|graveyard)$","^(hofladen|librairie|magazine?|maison)$","^(mobile home|skate)?\\s?park$","^(n\\s?\\/?\\s?a|name|no\\s?name|none|null|temporary|test|unknown)$","^(obuwie|pond|pool|sale|shops?|sklep|stores?)$","^\\?+$","^tattoo( studio)?$","^windmill$","^церковная( лавка)?$"];
+       var genericWordsJSON = {
+       genericWords: genericWords
+       };
 
-         if (this.length > 0) {
-           for (var i = (this.length >> 1) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-             this._down(i);
-           }
-         }
-       }
+       var trees$1 = {brands:{emoji:"🍔",mainTag:"brand:wikidata",sourceTags:["brand","name"],nameTags:{primary:"^(name|name:\\w+)$",alternate:"^(brand|brand:\\w+|operator|operator:\\w+|\\w+_name|\\w+_name:\\w+)$"}},flags:{emoji:"🚩",mainTag:"flag:wikidata",nameTags:{primary:"^(flag:name|flag:name:\\w+)$",alternate:"^(country|country:\\w+|flag|flag:\\w+|subject|subject:\\w+)$"}},operators:{emoji:"💼",mainTag:"operator:wikidata",sourceTags:["operator"],nameTags:{primary:"^(name|name:\\w+|operator|operator:\\w+)$",alternate:"^(brand|brand:\\w+|\\w+_name|\\w+_name:\\w+)$"}},transit:{emoji:"🚇",mainTag:"network:wikidata",sourceTags:["network"],nameTags:{primary:"^network$",alternate:"^(operator|operator:\\w+|network:\\w+|\\w+_name|\\w+_name:\\w+)$"}}};
+       var treesJSON = {
+       trees: trees$1
+       };
 
-       function defaultCompare$1(a, b) {
-         return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
-       }
+       var matchGroups = matchGroupsJSON.matchGroups;
+       var trees = treesJSON.trees;
+       var Matcher = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         //
+         // `constructor`
+         // initialize the genericWords regexes
+         function Matcher() {
+           var _this = this;
 
-       TinyQueue.prototype = {
-         push: function push(item) {
-           this.data.push(item);
-           this.length++;
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Matcher);
 
-           this._up(this.length - 1);
-         },
-         pop: function pop() {
-           if (this.length === 0) return undefined;
-           var top = this.data[0];
-           this.length--;
+           // The `matchIndex` is a specialized structure that allows us to quickly answer
+           //   _"Given a [key/value tagpair, name, location], what canonical items (brands etc) can match it?"_
+           //
+           // The index contains all valid combinations of k/v tagpairs and names
+           // matchIndex:
+           // {
+           //   'k/v': {
+           //     'primary':         Map (String 'nsimple' -> Set (itemIDs…),   // matches for tags like `name`, `name:xx`, etc.
+           //     'alternate':       Map (String 'nsimple' -> Set (itemIDs…),   // matches for tags like `alt_name`, `brand`, etc.
+           //     'excludeNamed':    Map (String 'pattern' -> RegExp),
+           //     'excludeGeneric':  Map (String 'pattern' -> RegExp)
+           //   },
+           // }
+           //
+           // {
+           //   'amenity/bank': {
+           //     'primary': {
+           //       'firstbank':              Set ("firstbank-978cca", "firstbank-9794e6", "firstbank-f17495", …),
+           //       …
+           //     },
+           //     'alternate': {
+           //       '1stbank':                Set ("firstbank-f17495"),
+           //       …
+           //     }
+           //   },
+           //   'shop/supermarket': {
+           //     'primary': {
+           //       'coop':                   Set ("coop-76454b", "coop-ebf2d9", "coop-36e991", …),
+           //       'coopfood':               Set ("coopfood-a8278b", …),
+           //       …
+           //     },
+           //     'alternate': {
+           //       'coop':                   Set ("coopfood-a8278b", …),
+           //       'federatedcooperatives':  Set ("coop-76454b", …),
+           //       'thecooperative':         Set ("coopfood-a8278b", …),
+           //       …
+           //     }
+           //   }
+           // }
+           //
+           this.matchIndex = undefined; // The `genericWords` structure matches the contents of genericWords.json to instantiated RegExp objects
+           // Map (String 'pattern' -> RegExp),
+
+           this.genericWords = new Map();
+           (genericWordsJSON.genericWords || []).forEach(function (s) {
+             return _this.genericWords.set(s, new RegExp(s, 'i'));
+           }); // The `itemLocation` structure maps itemIDs to locationSetIDs:
+           // {
+           //   'firstbank-f17495':  '+[first_bank_western_us.geojson]',
+           //   'firstbank-978cca':  '+[first_bank_carolinas.geojson]',
+           //   'coop-76454b':       '+[Q16]',
+           //   'coopfood-a8278b':   '+[Q23666]',
+           //   …
+           // }
 
-           if (this.length > 0) {
-             this.data[0] = this.data[this.length];
+           this.itemLocation = undefined; // The `locationSets` structure maps locationSetIDs to *resolved* locationSets:
+           // {
+           //   '+[first_bank_western_us.geojson]':  GeoJSON {…},
+           //   '+[first_bank_carolinas.geojson]':   GeoJSON {…},
+           //   '+[Q16]':                            GeoJSON {…},
+           //   '+[Q23666]':                         GeoJSON {…},
+           //   …
+           // }
 
-             this._down(0);
-           }
+           this.locationSets = undefined; // The `locationIndex` is an instance of which-polygon spatial index for the locationSets.
 
-           this.data.pop();
-           return top;
-         },
-         peek: function peek() {
-           return this.data[0];
-         },
-         _up: function _up(pos) {
-           var data = this.data;
-           var compare = this.compare;
-           var item = data[pos];
+           this.locationIndex = undefined; // Array of match conflict pairs (currently unused)
 
-           while (pos > 0) {
-             var parent = pos - 1 >> 1;
-             var current = data[parent];
-             if (compare(item, current) >= 0) break;
-             data[pos] = current;
-             pos = parent;
-           }
+           this.warnings = [];
+         } //
+         // `buildMatchIndex()`
+         // Call this to prepare the matcher for use
+         //
+         // `data` needs to be an Object indexed on a 'tree/key/value' path.
+         // (e.g. cache filled by `fileTree.read` or data found in `dist/nsi.json`)
+         // {
+         //    'brands/amenity/bank': { properties: {}, items: [ {}, {}, … ] },
+         //    'brands/amenity/bar':  { properties: {}, items: [ {}, {}, … ] },
+         //    …
+         // }
+         //
 
-           data[pos] = item;
-         },
-         _down: function _down(pos) {
-           var data = this.data;
-           var compare = this.compare;
-           var halfLength = this.length >> 1;
-           var item = data[pos];
 
-           while (pos < halfLength) {
-             var left = (pos << 1) + 1;
-             var right = left + 1;
-             var best = data[left];
+         _createClass$1(Matcher, [{
+           key: "buildMatchIndex",
+           value: function buildMatchIndex(data) {
+             var that = this;
+             if (that.matchIndex) return; // it was built already
+
+             that.matchIndex = new Map();
+             Object.keys(data).forEach(function (tkv) {
+               var category = data[tkv];
+               var parts = tkv.split('/', 3); // tkv = "tree/key/value"
+
+               var t = parts[0];
+               var k = parts[1];
+               var v = parts[2];
+               var thiskv = "".concat(k, "/").concat(v);
+               var tree = trees[t];
+               var branch = that.matchIndex.get(thiskv);
+
+               if (!branch) {
+                 branch = {
+                   primary: new Map(),
+                   alternate: new Map(),
+                   excludeGeneric: new Map(),
+                   excludeNamed: new Map()
+                 };
+                 that.matchIndex.set(thiskv, branch);
+               } // ADD EXCLUSIONS
 
-             if (right < this.length && compare(data[right], best) < 0) {
-               left = right;
-               best = data[right];
-             }
 
-             if (compare(best, item) >= 0) break;
-             data[pos] = best;
-             pos = left;
-           }
+               var properties = category.properties || {};
+               var exclude = properties.exclude || {};
+               (exclude.generic || []).forEach(function (s) {
+                 return branch.excludeGeneric.set(s, new RegExp(s, 'i'));
+               });
+               (exclude.named || []).forEach(function (s) {
+                 return branch.excludeNamed.set(s, new RegExp(s, 'i'));
+               });
+               var excludeRegexes = [].concat(_toConsumableArray(branch.excludeGeneric.values()), _toConsumableArray(branch.excludeNamed.values())); // ADD ITEMS
 
-           data[pos] = item;
-         }
-       };
-       tinyqueue["default"] = _default$1;
+               var items = category.items;
+               if (!Array.isArray(items) || !items.length) return; // Primary name patterns, match tags to take first
+               //  e.g. `name`, `name:ru`
 
-       var max$5 = Math.max;
-       var min$a = Math.min;
-       var contourId = 0;
+               var primaryName = new RegExp(tree.nameTags.primary, 'i'); // Alternate name patterns, match tags to consider after primary
+               //  e.g. `alt_name`, `short_name`, `brand`, `brand:ru`, etc..
 
-       function processPolygon(contourOrHole, isSubject, depth, Q, bbox, isExteriorRing) {
-         var i, len, s1, s2, e1, e2;
+               var alternateName = new RegExp(tree.nameTags.alternate, 'i'); // There are a few exceptions to the name matching regexes.
+               // Usually a tag suffix contains a language code like `name:en`, `name:ru`
+               // but we want to exclude things like `operator:type`, `name:etymology`, etc..
 
-         for (i = 0, len = contourOrHole.length - 1; i < len; i++) {
-           s1 = contourOrHole[i];
-           s2 = contourOrHole[i + 1];
-           e1 = new SweepEvent(s1, false, undefined, isSubject);
-           e2 = new SweepEvent(s2, false, e1, isSubject);
-           e1.otherEvent = e2;
+               var notName = /:(colou?r|type|forward|backward|left|right|etymology|pronunciation|wikipedia)$/i; // For certain categories we do not want to match generic KV pairs like `building/yes` or `amenity/yes`
 
-           if (s1[0] === s2[0] && s1[1] === s2[1]) {
-             continue; // skip collapsed edges, or it breaks
-           }
+               var skipGenericKV = skipGenericKVMatches(t, k, v); // We will collect the generic KV pairs anyway (for the purpose of filtering them out of matchTags)
 
-           e1.contourId = e2.contourId = depth;
+               var genericKV = new Set(["".concat(k, "/yes"), "building/yes"]); // Collect alternate tagpairs for this kv category from matchGroups.
+               // We might also pick up a few more generic KVs (like `shop/yes`)
 
-           if (!isExteriorRing) {
-             e1.isExteriorRing = false;
-             e2.isExteriorRing = false;
-           }
+               var matchGroupKV = new Set();
+               Object.values(matchGroups).forEach(function (matchGroup) {
+                 var inGroup = matchGroup.some(function (otherkv) {
+                   return otherkv === thiskv;
+                 });
+                 if (!inGroup) return;
+                 matchGroup.forEach(function (otherkv) {
+                   if (otherkv === thiskv) return; // skip self
 
-           if (compareEvents(e1, e2) > 0) {
-             e2.left = true;
-           } else {
-             e1.left = true;
-           }
+                   matchGroupKV.add(otherkv);
+                   var otherk = otherkv.split('/', 2)[0]; // we might pick up a `shop/yes`
 
-           var x = s1[0],
-               y = s1[1];
-           bbox[0] = min$a(bbox[0], x);
-           bbox[1] = min$a(bbox[1], y);
-           bbox[2] = max$5(bbox[2], x);
-           bbox[3] = max$5(bbox[3], y); // Pushing it so the queue is sorted from left to right,
-           // with object on the left having the highest priority.
+                   genericKV.add("".concat(otherk, "/yes"));
+                 });
+               }); // For each item, insert all [key, value, name] combinations into the match index
 
-           Q.push(e1);
-           Q.push(e2);
-         }
-       }
+               items.forEach(function (item) {
+                 if (!item.id) return; // Automatically remove redundant `matchTags` - #3417
+                 // (i.e. This kv is already covered by matchGroups, so it doesn't need to be in `item.matchTags`)
 
-       function fillQueue(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation) {
-         var eventQueue = new tinyqueue(null, compareEvents);
-         var polygonSet, isExteriorRing, i, ii, j, jj; //, k, kk;
+                 if (Array.isArray(item.matchTags) && item.matchTags.length) {
+                   item.matchTags = item.matchTags.filter(function (matchTag) {
+                     return !matchGroupKV.has(matchTag) && !genericKV.has(matchTag);
+                   });
+                   if (!item.matchTags.length) delete item.matchTags;
+                 } // key/value tagpairs to insert into the match index..
 
-         for (i = 0, ii = subject.length; i < ii; i++) {
-           polygonSet = subject[i];
 
-           for (j = 0, jj = polygonSet.length; j < jj; j++) {
-             isExteriorRing = j === 0;
-             if (isExteriorRing) contourId++;
-             processPolygon(polygonSet[j], true, contourId, eventQueue, sbbox, isExteriorRing);
-           }
-         }
+                 var kvTags = ["".concat(thiskv)].concat(item.matchTags || []);
 
-         for (i = 0, ii = clipping.length; i < ii; i++) {
-           polygonSet = clipping[i];
+                 if (!skipGenericKV) {
+                   kvTags = kvTags.concat(Array.from(genericKV)); // #3454 - match some generic tags
+                 } // Index all the namelike tag values
 
-           for (j = 0, jj = polygonSet.length; j < jj; j++) {
-             isExteriorRing = j === 0;
-             if (operation === DIFFERENCE) isExteriorRing = false;
-             if (isExteriorRing) contourId++;
-             processPolygon(polygonSet[j], false, contourId, eventQueue, cbbox, isExteriorRing);
-           }
-         }
 
-         return eventQueue;
-       }
+                 Object.keys(item.tags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+                   if (notName.test(osmkey)) return; // osmkey is not a namelike tag, skip
 
-       var EMPTY = [];
+                   var osmvalue = item.tags[osmkey];
+                   if (!osmvalue || excludeRegexes.some(function (regex) {
+                     return regex.test(osmvalue);
+                   })) return; // osmvalue missing or excluded
 
-       function trivialOperation(subject, clipping, operation) {
-         var result = null;
+                   if (primaryName.test(osmkey)) {
+                     kvTags.forEach(function (kv) {
+                       return insertName('primary', kv, simplify$1(osmvalue), item.id);
+                     });
+                   } else if (alternateName.test(osmkey)) {
+                     kvTags.forEach(function (kv) {
+                       return insertName('alternate', kv, simplify$1(osmvalue), item.id);
+                     });
+                   }
+                 }); // Index `matchNames` after indexing all other names..
+
+                 var keepMatchNames = new Set();
+                 (item.matchNames || []).forEach(function (matchName) {
+                   // If this matchname isn't already indexed, add it to the alternate index
+                   var nsimple = simplify$1(matchName);
+                   kvTags.forEach(function (kv) {
+                     var branch = that.matchIndex.get(kv);
+                     var primaryLeaf = branch && branch.primary.get(nsimple);
+                     var alternateLeaf = branch && branch.alternate.get(nsimple);
+                     var inPrimary = primaryLeaf && primaryLeaf.has(item.id);
+                     var inAlternate = alternateLeaf && alternateLeaf.has(item.id);
+
+                     if (!inPrimary && !inAlternate) {
+                       insertName('alternate', kv, nsimple, item.id);
+                       keepMatchNames.add(matchName);
+                     }
+                   });
+                 }); // Automatically remove redundant `matchNames` - #3417
+                 // (i.e. This name got indexed some other way, so it doesn't need to be in `item.matchNames`)
 
-         if (subject.length * clipping.length === 0) {
-           if (operation === INTERSECTION) {
-             result = EMPTY;
-           } else if (operation === DIFFERENCE) {
-             result = subject;
-           } else if (operation === UNION || operation === XOR) {
-             result = subject.length === 0 ? clipping : subject;
-           }
-         }
+                 if (keepMatchNames.size) {
+                   item.matchNames = Array.from(keepMatchNames);
+                 } else {
+                   delete item.matchNames;
+                 }
+               }); // each item
+             }); // each tkv
+             // Insert this item into the matchIndex
+
+             function insertName(which, kv, nsimple, itemID) {
+               if (!nsimple) return;
+               var branch = that.matchIndex.get(kv);
+
+               if (!branch) {
+                 branch = {
+                   primary: new Map(),
+                   alternate: new Map(),
+                   excludeGeneric: new Map(),
+                   excludeNamed: new Map()
+                 };
+                 that.matchIndex.set(kv, branch);
+               }
 
-         return result;
-       }
+               var leaf = branch[which].get(nsimple);
 
-       function compareBBoxes(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation) {
-         var result = null;
+               if (!leaf) {
+                 leaf = new Set();
+                 branch[which].set(nsimple, leaf);
+               }
 
-         if (sbbox[0] > cbbox[2] || cbbox[0] > sbbox[2] || sbbox[1] > cbbox[3] || cbbox[1] > sbbox[3]) {
-           if (operation === INTERSECTION) {
-             result = EMPTY;
-           } else if (operation === DIFFERENCE) {
-             result = subject;
-           } else if (operation === UNION || operation === XOR) {
-             result = subject.concat(clipping);
-           }
-         }
+               leaf.add(itemID); // insert
+             } // For certain categories we do not want to match generic KV pairs like `building/yes` or `amenity/yes`
 
-         return result;
-       }
 
-       function _boolean(subject, clipping, operation) {
-         if (typeof subject[0][0][0] === 'number') {
-           subject = [subject];
-         }
+             function skipGenericKVMatches(t, k, v) {
+               return t === 'flags' || t === 'transit' || k === 'landuse' || v === 'atm' || v === 'bicycle_parking' || v === 'car_sharing' || v === 'caravan_site' || v === 'charging_station' || v === 'dog_park' || v === 'parking' || v === 'phone' || v === 'playground' || v === 'post_box' || v === 'public_bookcase' || v === 'recycling' || v === 'vending_machine';
+             }
+           } //
+           // `buildLocationIndex()`
+           // Call this to prepare a which-polygon location index.
+           // This *resolves* all the locationSets into GeoJSON, which takes some time.
+           // You can skip this step if you don't care about matching within a location.
+           //
+           // `data` needs to be an Object indexed on a 'tree/key/value' path.
+           // (e.g. cache filled by `fileTree.read` or data found in `dist/nsi.json`)
+           // {
+           //    'brands/amenity/bank': { properties: {}, items: [ {}, {}, … ] },
+           //    'brands/amenity/bar':  { properties: {}, items: [ {}, {}, … ] },
+           //    …
+           // }
+           //
 
-         if (typeof clipping[0][0][0] === 'number') {
-           clipping = [clipping];
-         }
+         }, {
+           key: "buildLocationIndex",
+           value: function buildLocationIndex(data, loco) {
+             var that = this;
+             if (that.locationIndex) return; // it was built already
 
-         var trivial = trivialOperation(subject, clipping, operation);
+             that.itemLocation = new Map();
+             that.locationSets = new Map();
+             Object.keys(data).forEach(function (tkv) {
+               var items = data[tkv].items;
+               if (!Array.isArray(items) || !items.length) return;
+               items.forEach(function (item) {
+                 if (that.itemLocation.has(item.id)) return; // we've seen item id already - shouldn't be possible?
 
-         if (trivial) {
-           return trivial === EMPTY ? null : trivial;
-         }
+                 var resolved;
 
-         var sbbox = [Infinity, Infinity, -Infinity, -Infinity];
-         var cbbox = [Infinity, Infinity, -Infinity, -Infinity]; // console.time('fill queue');
+                 try {
+                   resolved = loco.resolveLocationSet(item.locationSet); // resolve a feature for this locationSet
+                 } catch (err) {
+                   console.warn("buildLocationIndex: ".concat(err.message)); // couldn't resolve
+                 }
 
-         var eventQueue = fillQueue(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation); //console.timeEnd('fill queue');
+                 if (!resolved || !resolved.id) return;
+                 that.itemLocation.set(item.id, resolved.id); // link it to the item
 
-         trivial = compareBBoxes(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation);
+                 if (that.locationSets.has(resolved.id)) return; // we've seen this locationSet feature before..
+                 // First time seeing this locationSet feature, make a copy and add to locationSet cache..
 
-         if (trivial) {
-           return trivial === EMPTY ? null : trivial;
-         } // console.time('subdivide edges');
+                 var feature = _cloneDeep(resolved.feature);
 
+                 feature.id = resolved.id; // Important: always use the locationSet `id` (`+[Q30]`), not the feature `id` (`Q30`)
 
-         var sortedEvents = subdivide(eventQueue, subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation); //console.timeEnd('subdivide edges');
-         // console.time('connect vertices');
+                 feature.properties.id = resolved.id;
 
-         var contours = connectEdges(sortedEvents); //console.timeEnd('connect vertices');
-         // Convert contours to polygons
+                 if (!feature.geometry.coordinates.length || !feature.properties.area) {
+                   console.warn("buildLocationIndex: locationSet ".concat(resolved.id, " for ").concat(item.id, " resolves to an empty feature:"));
+                   console.warn(JSON.stringify(feature));
+                   return;
+                 }
 
-         var polygons = [];
+                 that.locationSets.set(resolved.id, feature);
+               });
+             });
+             that.locationIndex = whichPolygon_1({
+               type: 'FeatureCollection',
+               features: _toConsumableArray(that.locationSets.values())
+             });
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < contours.length; i++) {
-           var contour = contours[i];
+             function _cloneDeep(obj) {
+               return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
+             }
+           } //
+           // `match()`
+           // Pass parts and return an Array of matches.
+           // `k` - key
+           // `v` - value
+           // `n` - namelike
+           // `loc` - optional - [lon,lat] location to search
+           //
+           // 1. If the [k,v,n] tuple matches a canonical item…
+           // Return an Array of match results.
+           // Each result will include the area in km² that the item is valid.
+           //
+           // Order of results:
+           // Primary ordering will be on the "match" column:
+           //   "primary" - where the query matches the `name` tag, followed by
+           //   "alternate" - where the query matches an alternate name tag (e.g. short_name, brand, operator, etc)
+           // Secondary ordering will be on the "area" column:
+           //   "area descending" if no location was provided, (worldwide before local)
+           //   "area ascending" if location was provided (local before worldwide)
+           //
+           // [
+           //   { match: 'primary',   itemID: String,  area: Number,  kv: String,  nsimple: String },
+           //   { match: 'primary',   itemID: String,  area: Number,  kv: String,  nsimple: String },
+           //   { match: 'alternate', itemID: String,  area: Number,  kv: String,  nsimple: String },
+           //   { match: 'alternate', itemID: String,  area: Number,  kv: String,  nsimple: String },
+           //   …
+           // ]
+           //
+           // -or-
+           //
+           // 2. If the [k,v,n] tuple matches an exclude pattern…
+           // Return an Array with a single exclude result, either
+           //
+           // [ { match: 'excludeGeneric', pattern: String,  kv: String } ]  // "generic" e.g. "Food Court"
+           //   or
+           // [ { match: 'excludeNamed', pattern: String,  kv: String } ]    // "named", e.g. "Kebabai"
+           //
+           // About results
+           //   "generic" - a generic word that is probably not really a name.
+           //     For these, iD should warn the user "Hey don't put 'food court' in the name tag".
+           //   "named" - a real name like "Kebabai" that is just common, but not a brand.
+           //     For these, iD should just let it be. We don't include these in NSI, but we don't want to nag users about it either.
+           //
+           // -or-
+           //
+           // 3. If the [k,v,n] tuple matches nothing of any kind, return `null`
+           //
+           //
 
-           if (contour.isExterior()) {
-             // The exterior ring goes first
-             var rings = [contour.points]; // Followed by holes if any
+         }, {
+           key: "match",
+           value: function match(k, v, n, loc) {
+             var that = this;
 
-             for (var j = 0; j < contour.holeIds.length; j++) {
-               var holeId = contour.holeIds[j];
-               rings.push(contours[holeId].points);
-             }
+             if (!that.matchIndex) {
+               throw new Error('match:  matchIndex not built.');
+             } // If we were supplied a location, and a that.locationIndex has been set up,
+             // get the locationSets that are valid there so we can filter results.
 
-             polygons.push(rings);
-           }
-         }
 
-         return polygons;
-       }
+             var matchLocations;
 
-       function union(subject, clipping) {
-         return _boolean(subject, clipping, UNION);
-       }
+             if (Array.isArray(loc) && that.locationIndex) {
+               // which-polygon query returns an array of GeoJSON properties, pass true to return all results
+               matchLocations = that.locationIndex([loc[0], loc[1], loc[0], loc[1]], true);
+             }
 
-       /*! ieee754. BSD-3-Clause License. Feross Aboukhadijeh <https://feross.org/opensource> */
-       var read$6 = function read(buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
-         var e, m;
-         var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
-         var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
-         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
-         var nBits = -7;
-         var i = isLE ? nBytes - 1 : 0;
-         var d = isLE ? -1 : 1;
-         var s = buffer[offset + i];
-         i += d;
-         e = s & (1 << -nBits) - 1;
-         s >>= -nBits;
-         nBits += eLen;
+             var nsimple = simplify$1(n);
+             var seen = new Set();
+             var results = [];
+             gatherResults('primary');
+             gatherResults('alternate');
+             if (results.length) return results;
+             gatherResults('exclude');
+             return results.length ? results : null;
+
+             function gatherResults(which) {
+               // First try an exact match on k/v
+               var kv = "".concat(k, "/").concat(v);
+               var didMatch = tryMatch(which, kv);
+               if (didMatch) return; // If that didn't work, look in match groups for other pairs considered equivalent to k/v..
+
+               for (var mg in matchGroups) {
+                 var matchGroup = matchGroups[mg];
+                 var inGroup = matchGroup.some(function (otherkv) {
+                   return otherkv === kv;
+                 });
+                 if (!inGroup) continue;
 
-         for (; nBits > 0; e = e * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
+                 for (var i = 0; i < matchGroup.length; i++) {
+                   var otherkv = matchGroup[i];
+                   if (otherkv === kv) continue; // skip self
 
-         m = e & (1 << -nBits) - 1;
-         e >>= -nBits;
-         nBits += mLen;
+                   didMatch = tryMatch(which, otherkv);
+                   if (didMatch) return;
+                 }
+               } // If finished 'exclude' pass and still haven't matched anything, try the global `genericWords.json` patterns
 
-         for (; nBits > 0; m = m * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
 
-         if (e === 0) {
-           e = 1 - eBias;
-         } else if (e === eMax) {
-           return m ? NaN : (s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity;
-         } else {
-           m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen);
-           e = e - eBias;
-         }
+               if (which === 'exclude') {
+                 var regex = _toConsumableArray(that.genericWords.values()).find(function (regex) {
+                   return regex.test(n);
+                 });
 
-         return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen);
-       };
+                 if (regex) {
+                   results.push({
+                     match: 'excludeGeneric',
+                     pattern: String(regex)
+                   }); // note no `branch`, no `kv`
 
-       var write$6 = function write(buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
-         var e, m, c;
-         var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
-         var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
-         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
-         var rt = mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0;
-         var i = isLE ? 0 : nBytes - 1;
-         var d = isLE ? 1 : -1;
-         var s = value < 0 || value === 0 && 1 / value < 0 ? 1 : 0;
-         value = Math.abs(value);
+                   return;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-         if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
-           m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0;
-           e = eMax;
-         } else {
-           e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2);
+             function tryMatch(which, kv) {
+               var branch = that.matchIndex.get(kv);
+               if (!branch) return;
 
-           if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
-             e--;
-             c *= 2;
-           }
+               if (which === 'exclude') {
+                 // Test name `n` against named and generic exclude patterns
+                 var regex = _toConsumableArray(branch.excludeNamed.values()).find(function (regex) {
+                   return regex.test(n);
+                 });
 
-           if (e + eBias >= 1) {
-             value += rt / c;
-           } else {
-             value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias);
-           }
+                 if (regex) {
+                   results.push({
+                     match: 'excludeNamed',
+                     pattern: String(regex),
+                     kv: kv
+                   });
+                   return;
+                 }
 
-           if (value * c >= 2) {
-             e++;
-             c /= 2;
-           }
+                 regex = _toConsumableArray(branch.excludeGeneric.values()).find(function (regex) {
+                   return regex.test(n);
+                 });
 
-           if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
-             m = 0;
-             e = eMax;
-           } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
-             m = (value * c - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
-             e = e + eBias;
-           } else {
-             m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
-             e = 0;
-           }
-         }
+                 if (regex) {
+                   results.push({
+                     match: 'excludeGeneric',
+                     pattern: String(regex),
+                     kv: kv
+                   });
+                   return;
+                 }
 
-         for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}
+                 return;
+               }
 
-         e = e << mLen | m;
-         eLen += mLen;
+               var leaf = branch[which].get(nsimple);
+               if (!leaf || !leaf.size) return; // If we get here, we matched something..
+               // Prepare the results, calculate areas (if location index was set up)
 
-         for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}
+               var hits = Array.from(leaf).map(function (itemID) {
+                 var area = Infinity;
 
-         buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128;
-       };
+                 if (that.itemLocation && that.locationSets) {
+                   var location = that.locationSets.get(that.itemLocation.get(itemID));
+                   area = location && location.properties.area || Infinity;
+                 }
 
-       var ieee754$1 = {
-         read: read$6,
-         write: write$6
-       };
+                 return {
+                   match: which,
+                   itemID: itemID,
+                   area: area,
+                   kv: kv,
+                   nsimple: nsimple
+                 };
+               });
+               var sortFn = byAreaDescending; // Filter the match to include only results valid in the requested `loc`..
 
-       var pbf = Pbf;
+               if (matchLocations) {
+                 hits = hits.filter(isValidLocation);
+                 sortFn = byAreaAscending;
+               }
 
-       function Pbf(buf) {
-         this.buf = ArrayBuffer.isView && ArrayBuffer.isView(buf) ? buf : new Uint8Array(buf || 0);
-         this.pos = 0;
-         this.type = 0;
-         this.length = this.buf.length;
-       }
+               if (!hits.length) return; // push results
 
-       Pbf.Varint = 0; // varint: int32, int64, uint32, uint64, sint32, sint64, bool, enum
+               hits.sort(sortFn).forEach(function (hit) {
+                 if (seen.has(hit.itemID)) return;
+                 seen.add(hit.itemID);
+                 results.push(hit);
+               });
+               return true;
 
-       Pbf.Fixed64 = 1; // 64-bit: double, fixed64, sfixed64
+               function isValidLocation(hit) {
+                 if (!that.itemLocation) return true;
+                 return matchLocations.find(function (props) {
+                   return props.id === that.itemLocation.get(hit.itemID);
+                 });
+               } // Sort smaller (more local) locations first.
 
-       Pbf.Bytes = 2; // length-delimited: string, bytes, embedded messages, packed repeated fields
 
-       Pbf.Fixed32 = 5; // 32-bit: float, fixed32, sfixed32
+               function byAreaAscending(hitA, hitB) {
+                 return hitA.area - hitB.area;
+               } // Sort larger (more worldwide) locations first.
 
-       var SHIFT_LEFT_32 = (1 << 16) * (1 << 16),
-           SHIFT_RIGHT_32 = 1 / SHIFT_LEFT_32; // Threshold chosen based on both benchmarking and knowledge about browser string
-       // data structures (which currently switch structure types at 12 bytes or more)
 
-       var TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH = 12;
-       var utf8TextDecoder = typeof TextDecoder === 'undefined' ? null : new TextDecoder('utf8');
-       Pbf.prototype = {
-         destroy: function destroy() {
-           this.buf = null;
-         },
-         // === READING =================================================================
-         readFields: function readFields(readField, result, end) {
-           end = end || this.length;
+               function byAreaDescending(hitA, hitB) {
+                 return hitB.area - hitA.area;
+               }
+             }
+           } //
+           // `getWarnings()`
+           // Return any warnings discovered when buiding the index.
+           // (currently this does nothing)
+           //
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             var val = this.readVarint(),
-                 tag = val >> 3,
-                 startPos = this.pos;
-             this.type = val & 0x7;
-             readField(tag, result, this);
-             if (this.pos === startPos) this.skip(val);
+         }, {
+           key: "getWarnings",
+           value: function getWarnings() {
+             return this.warnings;
            }
+         }]);
 
-           return result;
-         },
-         readMessage: function readMessage(readField, result) {
-           return this.readFields(readField, result, this.readVarint() + this.pos);
-         },
-         readFixed32: function readFixed32() {
-           var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
-           this.pos += 4;
-           return val;
-         },
-         readSFixed32: function readSFixed32() {
-           var val = readInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
-           this.pos += 4;
-           return val;
-         },
-         // 64-bit int handling is based on github.com/dpw/node-buffer-more-ints (MIT-licensed)
-         readFixed64: function readFixed64() {
-           var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
-           this.pos += 8;
-           return val;
-         },
-         readSFixed64: function readSFixed64() {
-           var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
-           this.pos += 8;
-           return val;
-         },
-         readFloat: function readFloat() {
-           var val = ieee754$1.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
-           this.pos += 4;
-           return val;
-         },
-         readDouble: function readDouble() {
-           var val = ieee754$1.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
-           this.pos += 8;
-           return val;
-         },
-         readVarint: function readVarint(isSigned) {
-           var buf = this.buf,
-               val,
-               b;
-           b = buf[this.pos++];
-           val = b & 0x7f;
-           if (b < 0x80) return val;
-           b = buf[this.pos++];
-           val |= (b & 0x7f) << 7;
-           if (b < 0x80) return val;
-           b = buf[this.pos++];
-           val |= (b & 0x7f) << 14;
-           if (b < 0x80) return val;
-           b = buf[this.pos++];
-           val |= (b & 0x7f) << 21;
-           if (b < 0x80) return val;
-           b = buf[this.pos];
-           val |= (b & 0x0f) << 28;
-           return readVarintRemainder(val, isSigned, this);
-         },
-         readVarint64: function readVarint64() {
-           // for compatibility with v2.0.1
-           return this.readVarint(true);
-         },
-         readSVarint: function readSVarint() {
-           var num = this.readVarint();
-           return num % 2 === 1 ? (num + 1) / -2 : num / 2; // zigzag encoding
-         },
-         readBoolean: function readBoolean() {
-           return Boolean(this.readVarint());
-         },
-         readString: function readString() {
-           var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos;
-           var pos = this.pos;
-           this.pos = end;
-
-           if (end - pos >= TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH && utf8TextDecoder) {
-             // longer strings are fast with the built-in browser TextDecoder API
-             return readUtf8TextDecoder(this.buf, pos, end);
-           } // short strings are fast with our custom implementation
+         return Matcher;
+       }();
 
+       /**
+        * Checks if `value` is the
+        * [language type](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-ecmascript-language-types)
+        * of `Object`. (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 0.1.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to check.
+        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an object, else `false`.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.isObject({});
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObject(_.noop);
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObject(null);
+        * // => false
+        */
+       function isObject$2(value) {
+         var type = _typeof(value);
 
-           return readUtf8(this.buf, pos, end);
-         },
-         readBytes: function readBytes() {
-           var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos,
-               buffer = this.buf.subarray(this.pos, end);
-           this.pos = end;
-           return buffer;
-         },
-         // verbose for performance reasons; doesn't affect gzipped size
-         readPackedVarint: function readPackedVarint(arr, isSigned) {
-           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned));
-           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-           arr = arr || [];
+         return value != null && (type == 'object' || type == 'function');
+       }
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned));
-           }
+       /** Detect free variable `global` from Node.js. */
+       var freeGlobal = (typeof global === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(global)) == 'object' && global && global.Object === Object && global;
 
-           return arr;
-         },
-         readPackedSVarint: function readPackedSVarint(arr) {
-           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSVarint());
-           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-           arr = arr || [];
+       /** Detect free variable `self`. */
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             arr.push(this.readSVarint());
-           }
+       var freeSelf = (typeof self === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(self)) == 'object' && self && self.Object === Object && self;
+       /** Used as a reference to the global object. */
 
-           return arr;
-         },
-         readPackedBoolean: function readPackedBoolean(arr) {
-           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readBoolean());
-           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-           arr = arr || [];
+       var root = freeGlobal || freeSelf || Function('return this')();
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             arr.push(this.readBoolean());
-           }
+       /**
+        * Gets the timestamp of the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since
+        * the Unix epoch (1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC).
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 2.4.0
+        * @category Date
+        * @returns {number} Returns the timestamp.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.defer(function(stamp) {
+        *   console.log(_.now() - stamp);
+        * }, _.now());
+        * // => Logs the number of milliseconds it took for the deferred invocation.
+        */
 
-           return arr;
-         },
-         readPackedFloat: function readPackedFloat(arr) {
-           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFloat());
-           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-           arr = arr || [];
+       var now = function now() {
+         return root.Date.now();
+       };
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             arr.push(this.readFloat());
-           }
+       /** Used to match a single whitespace character. */
+       var reWhitespace = /\s/;
+       /**
+        * Used by `_.trim` and `_.trimEnd` to get the index of the last non-whitespace
+        * character of `string`.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
+        * @returns {number} Returns the index of the last non-whitespace character.
+        */
 
-           return arr;
-         },
-         readPackedDouble: function readPackedDouble(arr) {
-           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readDouble());
-           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-           arr = arr || [];
+       function trimmedEndIndex(string) {
+         var index = string.length;
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             arr.push(this.readDouble());
-           }
+         while (index-- && reWhitespace.test(string.charAt(index))) {}
 
-           return arr;
-         },
-         readPackedFixed32: function readPackedFixed32(arr) {
-           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFixed32());
-           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-           arr = arr || [];
+         return index;
+       }
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             arr.push(this.readFixed32());
-           }
+       /** Used to match leading whitespace. */
 
-           return arr;
-         },
-         readPackedSFixed32: function readPackedSFixed32(arr) {
-           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSFixed32());
-           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-           arr = arr || [];
+       var reTrimStart = /^\s+/;
+       /**
+        * The base implementation of `_.trim`.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {string} string The string to trim.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the trimmed string.
+        */
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             arr.push(this.readSFixed32());
-           }
+       function baseTrim(string) {
+         return string ? string.slice(0, trimmedEndIndex(string) + 1).replace(reTrimStart, '') : string;
+       }
 
-           return arr;
-         },
-         readPackedFixed64: function readPackedFixed64(arr) {
-           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFixed64());
-           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-           arr = arr || [];
+       /** Built-in value references. */
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             arr.push(this.readFixed64());
-           }
+       var _Symbol = root.Symbol;
 
-           return arr;
-         },
-         readPackedSFixed64: function readPackedSFixed64(arr) {
-           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSFixed64());
-           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-           arr = arr || [];
+       /** Used for built-in method references. */
 
-           while (this.pos < end) {
-             arr.push(this.readSFixed64());
-           }
+       var objectProto$1 = Object.prototype;
+       /** Used to check objects for own properties. */
 
-           return arr;
-         },
-         skip: function skip(val) {
-           var type = val & 0x7;
-           if (type === Pbf.Varint) while (this.buf[this.pos++] > 0x7f) {} else if (type === Pbf.Bytes) this.pos = this.readVarint() + this.pos;else if (type === Pbf.Fixed32) this.pos += 4;else if (type === Pbf.Fixed64) this.pos += 8;else throw new Error('Unimplemented type: ' + type);
-         },
-         // === WRITING =================================================================
-         writeTag: function writeTag(tag, type) {
-           this.writeVarint(tag << 3 | type);
-         },
-         realloc: function realloc(min) {
-           var length = this.length || 16;
+       var hasOwnProperty$2 = objectProto$1.hasOwnProperty;
+       /**
+        * Used to resolve the
+        * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
+        * of values.
+        */
 
-           while (length < this.pos + min) {
-             length *= 2;
-           }
+       var nativeObjectToString$1 = objectProto$1.toString;
+       /** Built-in value references. */
 
-           if (length !== this.length) {
-             var buf = new Uint8Array(length);
-             buf.set(this.buf);
-             this.buf = buf;
-             this.length = length;
-           }
-         },
-         finish: function finish() {
-           this.length = this.pos;
-           this.pos = 0;
-           return this.buf.subarray(0, this.length);
-         },
-         writeFixed32: function writeFixed32(val) {
-           this.realloc(4);
-           writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
-           this.pos += 4;
-         },
-         writeSFixed32: function writeSFixed32(val) {
-           this.realloc(4);
-           writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
-           this.pos += 4;
-         },
-         writeFixed64: function writeFixed64(val) {
-           this.realloc(8);
-           writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
-           writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
-           this.pos += 8;
-         },
-         writeSFixed64: function writeSFixed64(val) {
-           this.realloc(8);
-           writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
-           writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
-           this.pos += 8;
-         },
-         writeVarint: function writeVarint(val) {
-           val = +val || 0;
+       var symToStringTag$1 = _Symbol ? _Symbol.toStringTag : undefined;
+       /**
+        * A specialized version of `baseGetTag` which ignores `Symbol.toStringTag` values.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {*} value The value to query.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the raw `toStringTag`.
+        */
 
-           if (val > 0xfffffff || val < 0) {
-             writeBigVarint(val, this);
-             return;
+       function getRawTag(value) {
+         var isOwn = hasOwnProperty$2.call(value, symToStringTag$1),
+             tag = value[symToStringTag$1];
+
+         try {
+           value[symToStringTag$1] = undefined;
+           var unmasked = true;
+         } catch (e) {}
+
+         var result = nativeObjectToString$1.call(value);
+
+         if (unmasked) {
+           if (isOwn) {
+             value[symToStringTag$1] = tag;
+           } else {
+             delete value[symToStringTag$1];
            }
+         }
 
-           this.realloc(4);
-           this.buf[this.pos++] = val & 0x7f | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0);
-           if (val <= 0x7f) return;
-           this.buf[this.pos++] = (val >>>= 7) & 0x7f | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0);
-           if (val <= 0x7f) return;
-           this.buf[this.pos++] = (val >>>= 7) & 0x7f | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0);
-           if (val <= 0x7f) return;
-           this.buf[this.pos++] = val >>> 7 & 0x7f;
-         },
-         writeSVarint: function writeSVarint(val) {
-           this.writeVarint(val < 0 ? -val * 2 - 1 : val * 2);
-         },
-         writeBoolean: function writeBoolean(val) {
-           this.writeVarint(Boolean(val));
-         },
-         writeString: function writeString(str) {
-           str = String(str);
-           this.realloc(str.length * 4);
-           this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short string length
+         return result;
+       }
 
-           var startPos = this.pos; // write the string directly to the buffer and see how much was written
+       /** Used for built-in method references. */
+       var objectProto = Object.prototype;
+       /**
+        * Used to resolve the
+        * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
+        * of values.
+        */
 
-           this.pos = writeUtf8(this.buf, str, this.pos);
-           var len = this.pos - startPos;
-           if (len >= 0x80) makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this); // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
+       var nativeObjectToString = objectProto.toString;
+       /**
+        * Converts `value` to a string using `Object.prototype.toString`.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
+        */
 
-           this.pos = startPos - 1;
-           this.writeVarint(len);
-           this.pos += len;
-         },
-         writeFloat: function writeFloat(val) {
-           this.realloc(4);
-           ieee754$1.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
-           this.pos += 4;
-         },
-         writeDouble: function writeDouble(val) {
-           this.realloc(8);
-           ieee754$1.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
-           this.pos += 8;
-         },
-         writeBytes: function writeBytes(buffer) {
-           var len = buffer.length;
-           this.writeVarint(len);
-           this.realloc(len);
+       function objectToString(value) {
+         return nativeObjectToString.call(value);
+       }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-             this.buf[this.pos++] = buffer[i];
-           }
-         },
-         writeRawMessage: function writeRawMessage(fn, obj) {
-           this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short message length
-           // write the message directly to the buffer and see how much was written
+       /** `Object#toString` result references. */
 
-           var startPos = this.pos;
-           fn(obj, this);
-           var len = this.pos - startPos;
-           if (len >= 0x80) makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this); // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
+       var nullTag = '[object Null]',
+           undefinedTag = '[object Undefined]';
+       /** Built-in value references. */
 
-           this.pos = startPos - 1;
-           this.writeVarint(len);
-           this.pos += len;
-         },
-         writeMessage: function writeMessage(tag, fn, obj) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
-           this.writeRawMessage(fn, obj);
-         },
-         writePackedVarint: function writePackedVarint(tag, arr) {
-           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedVarint, arr);
-         },
-         writePackedSVarint: function writePackedSVarint(tag, arr) {
-           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedSVarint, arr);
-         },
-         writePackedBoolean: function writePackedBoolean(tag, arr) {
-           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedBoolean, arr);
-         },
-         writePackedFloat: function writePackedFloat(tag, arr) {
-           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedFloat, arr);
-         },
-         writePackedDouble: function writePackedDouble(tag, arr) {
-           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedDouble, arr);
-         },
-         writePackedFixed32: function writePackedFixed32(tag, arr) {
-           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedFixed, arr);
-         },
-         writePackedSFixed32: function writePackedSFixed32(tag, arr) {
-           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedSFixed, arr);
-         },
-         writePackedFixed64: function writePackedFixed64(tag, arr) {
-           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedFixed2, arr);
-         },
-         writePackedSFixed64: function writePackedSFixed64(tag, arr) {
-           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedSFixed2, arr);
-         },
-         writeBytesField: function writeBytesField(tag, buffer) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
-           this.writeBytes(buffer);
-         },
-         writeFixed32Field: function writeFixed32Field(tag, val) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
-           this.writeFixed32(val);
-         },
-         writeSFixed32Field: function writeSFixed32Field(tag, val) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
-           this.writeSFixed32(val);
-         },
-         writeFixed64Field: function writeFixed64Field(tag, val) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
-           this.writeFixed64(val);
-         },
-         writeSFixed64Field: function writeSFixed64Field(tag, val) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
-           this.writeSFixed64(val);
-         },
-         writeVarintField: function writeVarintField(tag, val) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
-           this.writeVarint(val);
-         },
-         writeSVarintField: function writeSVarintField(tag, val) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
-           this.writeSVarint(val);
-         },
-         writeStringField: function writeStringField(tag, str) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
-           this.writeString(str);
-         },
-         writeFloatField: function writeFloatField(tag, val) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
-           this.writeFloat(val);
-         },
-         writeDoubleField: function writeDoubleField(tag, val) {
-           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
-           this.writeDouble(val);
-         },
-         writeBooleanField: function writeBooleanField(tag, val) {
-           this.writeVarintField(tag, Boolean(val));
+       var symToStringTag = _Symbol ? _Symbol.toStringTag : undefined;
+       /**
+        * The base implementation of `getTag` without fallbacks for buggy environments.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {*} value The value to query.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the `toStringTag`.
+        */
+
+       function baseGetTag(value) {
+         if (value == null) {
+           return value === undefined ? undefinedTag : nullTag;
          }
-       };
 
-       function readVarintRemainder(l, s, p) {
-         var buf = p.buf,
-             h,
-             b;
-         b = buf[p.pos++];
-         h = (b & 0x70) >> 4;
-         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-         b = buf[p.pos++];
-         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 3;
-         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-         b = buf[p.pos++];
-         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 10;
-         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-         b = buf[p.pos++];
-         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 17;
-         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-         b = buf[p.pos++];
-         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 24;
-         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-         b = buf[p.pos++];
-         h |= (b & 0x01) << 31;
-         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-         throw new Error('Expected varint not more than 10 bytes');
+         return symToStringTag && symToStringTag in Object(value) ? getRawTag(value) : objectToString(value);
        }
 
-       function readPackedEnd(pbf) {
-         return pbf.type === Pbf.Bytes ? pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos : pbf.pos + 1;
+       /**
+        * Checks if `value` is object-like. A value is object-like if it's not `null`
+        * and has a `typeof` result of "object".
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 4.0.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to check.
+        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is object-like, else `false`.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.isObjectLike({});
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObjectLike([1, 2, 3]);
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObjectLike(_.noop);
+        * // => false
+        *
+        * _.isObjectLike(null);
+        * // => false
+        */
+       function isObjectLike(value) {
+         return value != null && _typeof(value) == 'object';
+       }
+
+       /** `Object#toString` result references. */
+
+       var symbolTag = '[object Symbol]';
+       /**
+        * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Symbol` primitive or object.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 4.0.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to check.
+        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a symbol, else `false`.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.isSymbol(Symbol.iterator);
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isSymbol('abc');
+        * // => false
+        */
+
+       function isSymbol(value) {
+         return _typeof(value) == 'symbol' || isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == symbolTag;
        }
 
-       function toNum(low, high, isSigned) {
-         if (isSigned) {
-           return high * 0x100000000 + (low >>> 0);
+       /** Used as references for various `Number` constants. */
+
+       var NAN = 0 / 0;
+       /** Used to detect bad signed hexadecimal string values. */
+
+       var reIsBadHex = /^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i;
+       /** Used to detect binary string values. */
+
+       var reIsBinary = /^0b[01]+$/i;
+       /** Used to detect octal string values. */
+
+       var reIsOctal = /^0o[0-7]+$/i;
+       /** Built-in method references without a dependency on `root`. */
+
+       var freeParseInt = parseInt;
+       /**
+        * Converts `value` to a number.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 4.0.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to process.
+        * @returns {number} Returns the number.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.toNumber(3.2);
+        * // => 3.2
+        *
+        * _.toNumber(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+        * // => 5e-324
+        *
+        * _.toNumber(Infinity);
+        * // => Infinity
+        *
+        * _.toNumber('3.2');
+        * // => 3.2
+        */
+
+       function toNumber(value) {
+         if (typeof value == 'number') {
+           return value;
          }
 
-         return (high >>> 0) * 0x100000000 + (low >>> 0);
-       }
-
-       function writeBigVarint(val, pbf) {
-         var low, high;
-
-         if (val >= 0) {
-           low = val % 0x100000000 | 0;
-           high = val / 0x100000000 | 0;
-         } else {
-           low = ~(-val % 0x100000000);
-           high = ~(-val / 0x100000000);
+         if (isSymbol(value)) {
+           return NAN;
+         }
 
-           if (low ^ 0xffffffff) {
-             low = low + 1 | 0;
-           } else {
-             low = 0;
-             high = high + 1 | 0;
-           }
+         if (isObject$2(value)) {
+           var other = typeof value.valueOf == 'function' ? value.valueOf() : value;
+           value = isObject$2(other) ? other + '' : other;
          }
 
-         if (val >= 0x10000000000000000 || val < -0x10000000000000000) {
-           throw new Error('Given varint doesn\'t fit into 10 bytes');
+         if (typeof value != 'string') {
+           return value === 0 ? value : +value;
          }
 
-         pbf.realloc(10);
-         writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf);
-         writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf);
+         value = baseTrim(value);
+         var isBinary = reIsBinary.test(value);
+         return isBinary || reIsOctal.test(value) ? freeParseInt(value.slice(2), isBinary ? 2 : 8) : reIsBadHex.test(value) ? NAN : +value;
        }
 
-       function writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf) {
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
-         low >>>= 7;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
-         low >>>= 7;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
-         low >>>= 7;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
-         low >>>= 7;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos] = low & 0x7f;
-       }
+       /** Error message constants. */
 
-       function writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf) {
-         var lsb = (high & 0x07) << 4;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] |= lsb | ((high >>>= 3) ? 0x80 : 0);
-         if (!high) return;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
-         if (!high) return;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
-         if (!high) return;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
-         if (!high) return;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
-         if (!high) return;
-         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f;
-       }
+       var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1 = 'Expected a function';
+       /* Built-in method references for those with the same name as other `lodash` methods. */
 
-       function makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, pbf) {
-         var extraLen = len <= 0x3fff ? 1 : len <= 0x1fffff ? 2 : len <= 0xfffffff ? 3 : Math.floor(Math.log(len) / (Math.LN2 * 7)); // if 1 byte isn't enough for encoding message length, shift the data to the right
+       var nativeMax = Math.max,
+           nativeMin = Math.min;
+       /**
+        * Creates a debounced function that delays invoking `func` until after `wait`
+        * milliseconds have elapsed since the last time the debounced function was
+        * invoked. The debounced function comes with a `cancel` method to cancel
+        * delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to immediately invoke them.
+        * Provide `options` to indicate whether `func` should be invoked on the
+        * leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait` timeout. The `func` is invoked
+        * with the last arguments provided to the debounced function. Subsequent
+        * calls to the debounced function return the result of the last `func`
+        * invocation.
+        *
+        * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
+        * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the debounced function
+        * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
+        *
+        * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
+        * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
+        *
+        * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
+        * for details over the differences between `_.debounce` and `_.throttle`.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 0.1.0
+        * @category Function
+        * @param {Function} func The function to debounce.
+        * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to delay.
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
+        * @param {boolean} [options.leading=false]
+        *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
+        * @param {number} [options.maxWait]
+        *  The maximum time `func` is allowed to be delayed before it's invoked.
+        * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
+        *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
+        * @returns {Function} Returns the new debounced function.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * // Avoid costly calculations while the window size is in flux.
+        * jQuery(window).on('resize', _.debounce(calculateLayout, 150));
+        *
+        * // Invoke `sendMail` when clicked, debouncing subsequent calls.
+        * jQuery(element).on('click', _.debounce(sendMail, 300, {
+        *   'leading': true,
+        *   'trailing': false
+        * }));
+        *
+        * // Ensure `batchLog` is invoked once after 1 second of debounced calls.
+        * var debounced = _.debounce(batchLog, 250, { 'maxWait': 1000 });
+        * var source = new EventSource('/stream');
+        * jQuery(source).on('message', debounced);
+        *
+        * // Cancel the trailing debounced invocation.
+        * jQuery(window).on('popstate', debounced.cancel);
+        */
 
-         pbf.realloc(extraLen);
+       function debounce(func, wait, options) {
+         var lastArgs,
+             lastThis,
+             maxWait,
+             result,
+             timerId,
+             lastCallTime,
+             lastInvokeTime = 0,
+             leading = false,
+             maxing = false,
+             trailing = true;
 
-         for (var i = pbf.pos - 1; i >= startPos; i--) {
-           pbf.buf[i + extraLen] = pbf.buf[i];
+         if (typeof func != 'function') {
+           throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1);
          }
-       }
 
-       function _writePackedVarint(arr, pbf) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-           pbf.writeVarint(arr[i]);
+         wait = toNumber(wait) || 0;
+
+         if (isObject$2(options)) {
+           leading = !!options.leading;
+           maxing = 'maxWait' in options;
+           maxWait = maxing ? nativeMax(toNumber(options.maxWait) || 0, wait) : maxWait;
+           trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
          }
-       }
 
-       function _writePackedSVarint(arr, pbf) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-           pbf.writeSVarint(arr[i]);
+         function invokeFunc(time) {
+           var args = lastArgs,
+               thisArg = lastThis;
+           lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
+           lastInvokeTime = time;
+           result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
+           return result;
          }
-       }
 
-       function _writePackedFloat(arr, pbf) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-           pbf.writeFloat(arr[i]);
+         function leadingEdge(time) {
+           // Reset any `maxWait` timer.
+           lastInvokeTime = time; // Start the timer for the trailing edge.
+
+           timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait); // Invoke the leading edge.
+
+           return leading ? invokeFunc(time) : result;
          }
-       }
 
-       function _writePackedDouble(arr, pbf) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-           pbf.writeDouble(arr[i]);
+         function remainingWait(time) {
+           var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
+               timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime,
+               timeWaiting = wait - timeSinceLastCall;
+           return maxing ? nativeMin(timeWaiting, maxWait - timeSinceLastInvoke) : timeWaiting;
          }
-       }
 
-       function _writePackedBoolean(arr, pbf) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-           pbf.writeBoolean(arr[i]);
+         function shouldInvoke(time) {
+           var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
+               timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime; // Either this is the first call, activity has stopped and we're at the
+           // trailing edge, the system time has gone backwards and we're treating
+           // it as the trailing edge, or we've hit the `maxWait` limit.
+
+           return lastCallTime === undefined || timeSinceLastCall >= wait || timeSinceLastCall < 0 || maxing && timeSinceLastInvoke >= maxWait;
          }
-       }
 
-       function _writePackedFixed(arr, pbf) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-           pbf.writeFixed32(arr[i]);
+         function timerExpired() {
+           var time = now();
+
+           if (shouldInvoke(time)) {
+             return trailingEdge(time);
+           } // Restart the timer.
+
+
+           timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, remainingWait(time));
          }
-       }
 
-       function _writePackedSFixed(arr, pbf) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-           pbf.writeSFixed32(arr[i]);
+         function trailingEdge(time) {
+           timerId = undefined; // Only invoke if we have `lastArgs` which means `func` has been
+           // debounced at least once.
+
+           if (trailing && lastArgs) {
+             return invokeFunc(time);
+           }
+
+           lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
+           return result;
          }
-       }
 
-       function _writePackedFixed2(arr, pbf) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-           pbf.writeFixed64(arr[i]);
+         function cancel() {
+           if (timerId !== undefined) {
+             clearTimeout(timerId);
+           }
+
+           lastInvokeTime = 0;
+           lastArgs = lastCallTime = lastThis = timerId = undefined;
          }
-       }
 
-       function _writePackedSFixed2(arr, pbf) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-           pbf.writeSFixed64(arr[i]);
+         function flush() {
+           return timerId === undefined ? result : trailingEdge(now());
          }
-       } // Buffer code below from https://github.com/feross/buffer, MIT-licensed
 
+         function debounced() {
+           var time = now(),
+               isInvoking = shouldInvoke(time);
+           lastArgs = arguments;
+           lastThis = this;
+           lastCallTime = time;
 
-       function readUInt32(buf, pos) {
-         return (buf[pos] | buf[pos + 1] << 8 | buf[pos + 2] << 16) + buf[pos + 3] * 0x1000000;
-       }
+           if (isInvoking) {
+             if (timerId === undefined) {
+               return leadingEdge(lastCallTime);
+             }
 
-       function writeInt32(buf, val, pos) {
-         buf[pos] = val;
-         buf[pos + 1] = val >>> 8;
-         buf[pos + 2] = val >>> 16;
-         buf[pos + 3] = val >>> 24;
-       }
+             if (maxing) {
+               // Handle invocations in a tight loop.
+               clearTimeout(timerId);
+               timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
+               return invokeFunc(lastCallTime);
+             }
+           }
 
-       function readInt32(buf, pos) {
-         return (buf[pos] | buf[pos + 1] << 8 | buf[pos + 2] << 16) + (buf[pos + 3] << 24);
+           if (timerId === undefined) {
+             timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
+           }
+
+           return result;
+         }
+
+         debounced.cancel = cancel;
+         debounced.flush = flush;
+         return debounced;
        }
 
-       function readUtf8(buf, pos, end) {
-         var str = '';
-         var i = pos;
+       /*
+           iD.coreDifference represents the difference between two graphs.
+           It knows how to calculate the set of entities that were
+           created, modified, or deleted, and also contains the logic
+           for recursively extending a difference to the complete set
+           of entities that will require a redraw, taking into account
+           child and parent relationships.
+        */
 
-         while (i < end) {
-           var b0 = buf[i];
-           var c = null; // codepoint
+       function coreDifference(base, head) {
+         var _changes = {};
+         var _didChange = {}; // 'addition', 'deletion', 'geometry', 'properties'
 
-           var bytesPerSequence = b0 > 0xEF ? 4 : b0 > 0xDF ? 3 : b0 > 0xBF ? 2 : 1;
-           if (i + bytesPerSequence > end) break;
-           var b1, b2, b3;
+         var _diff = {};
 
-           if (bytesPerSequence === 1) {
-             if (b0 < 0x80) {
-               c = b0;
-             }
-           } else if (bytesPerSequence === 2) {
-             b1 = buf[i + 1];
+         function checkEntityID(id) {
+           var h = head.entities[id];
+           var b = base.entities[id];
+           if (h === b) return;
+           if (_changes[id]) return;
 
-             if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
-               c = (b0 & 0x1F) << 0x6 | b1 & 0x3F;
+           if (!h && b) {
+             _changes[id] = {
+               base: b,
+               head: h
+             };
+             _didChange.deletion = true;
+             return;
+           }
 
-               if (c <= 0x7F) {
-                 c = null;
-               }
-             }
-           } else if (bytesPerSequence === 3) {
-             b1 = buf[i + 1];
-             b2 = buf[i + 2];
+           if (h && !b) {
+             _changes[id] = {
+               base: b,
+               head: h
+             };
+             _didChange.addition = true;
+             return;
+           }
 
-             if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
-               c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0xC | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | b2 & 0x3F;
+           if (h && b) {
+             if (h.members && b.members && !fastDeepEqual(h.members, b.members)) {
+               _changes[id] = {
+                 base: b,
+                 head: h
+               };
+               _didChange.geometry = true;
+               _didChange.properties = true;
+               return;
+             }
 
-               if (c <= 0x7FF || c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF) {
-                 c = null;
-               }
+             if (h.loc && b.loc && !geoVecEqual(h.loc, b.loc)) {
+               _changes[id] = {
+                 base: b,
+                 head: h
+               };
+               _didChange.geometry = true;
              }
-           } else if (bytesPerSequence === 4) {
-             b1 = buf[i + 1];
-             b2 = buf[i + 2];
-             b3 = buf[i + 3];
 
-             if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b3 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
-               c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0x12 | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0xC | (b2 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | b3 & 0x3F;
+             if (h.nodes && b.nodes && !fastDeepEqual(h.nodes, b.nodes)) {
+               _changes[id] = {
+                 base: b,
+                 head: h
+               };
+               _didChange.geometry = true;
+             }
 
-               if (c <= 0xFFFF || c >= 0x110000) {
-                 c = null;
-               }
+             if (h.tags && b.tags && !fastDeepEqual(h.tags, b.tags)) {
+               _changes[id] = {
+                 base: b,
+                 head: h
+               };
+               _didChange.properties = true;
              }
            }
+         }
 
-           if (c === null) {
-             c = 0xFFFD;
-             bytesPerSequence = 1;
-           } else if (c > 0xFFFF) {
-             c -= 0x10000;
-             str += String.fromCharCode(c >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800);
-             c = 0xDC00 | c & 0x3FF;
-           }
+         function load() {
+           // HOT CODE: there can be many thousands of downloaded entities, so looping
+           // through them all can become a performance bottleneck. Optimize by
+           // resolving duplicates and using a basic `for` loop
+           var ids = utilArrayUniq(Object.keys(head.entities).concat(Object.keys(base.entities)));
 
-           str += String.fromCharCode(c);
-           i += bytesPerSequence;
+           for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
+             checkEntityID(ids[i]);
+           }
          }
 
-         return str;
-       }
+         load();
 
-       function readUtf8TextDecoder(buf, pos, end) {
-         return utf8TextDecoder.decode(buf.subarray(pos, end));
-       }
+         _diff.length = function length() {
+           return Object.keys(_changes).length;
+         };
 
-       function writeUtf8(buf, str, pos) {
-         for (var i = 0, c, lead; i < str.length; i++) {
-           c = str.charCodeAt(i); // code point
+         _diff.changes = function changes() {
+           return _changes;
+         };
 
-           if (c > 0xD7FF && c < 0xE000) {
-             if (lead) {
-               if (c < 0xDC00) {
-                 buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
-                 buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
-                 buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
-                 lead = c;
-                 continue;
-               } else {
-                 c = lead - 0xD800 << 10 | c - 0xDC00 | 0x10000;
-                 lead = null;
-               }
-             } else {
-               if (c > 0xDBFF || i + 1 === str.length) {
-                 buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
-                 buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
-                 buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
-               } else {
-                 lead = c;
-               }
+         _diff.didChange = _didChange; // pass true to include affected relation members
 
-               continue;
+         _diff.extantIDs = function extantIDs(includeRelMembers) {
+           var result = new Set();
+           Object.keys(_changes).forEach(function (id) {
+             if (_changes[id].head) {
+               result.add(id);
              }
-           } else if (lead) {
-             buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
-             buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
-             buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
-             lead = null;
-           }
 
-           if (c < 0x80) {
-             buf[pos++] = c;
-           } else {
-             if (c < 0x800) {
-               buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 | 0xC0;
-             } else {
-               if (c < 0x10000) {
-                 buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC | 0xE0;
-               } else {
-                 buf[pos++] = c >> 0x12 | 0xF0;
-                 buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80;
+             var h = _changes[id].head;
+             var b = _changes[id].base;
+             var entity = h || b;
+
+             if (includeRelMembers && entity.type === 'relation') {
+               var mh = h ? h.members.map(function (m) {
+                 return m.id;
+               }) : [];
+               var mb = b ? b.members.map(function (m) {
+                 return m.id;
+               }) : [];
+               utilArrayUnion(mh, mb).forEach(function (memberID) {
+                 if (head.hasEntity(memberID)) {
+                   result.add(memberID);
+                 }
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           return Array.from(result);
+         };
+
+         _diff.modified = function modified() {
+           var result = [];
+           Object.values(_changes).forEach(function (change) {
+             if (change.base && change.head) {
+               result.push(change.head);
+             }
+           });
+           return result;
+         };
+
+         _diff.created = function created() {
+           var result = [];
+           Object.values(_changes).forEach(function (change) {
+             if (!change.base && change.head) {
+               result.push(change.head);
+             }
+           });
+           return result;
+         };
+
+         _diff.deleted = function deleted() {
+           var result = [];
+           Object.values(_changes).forEach(function (change) {
+             if (change.base && !change.head) {
+               result.push(change.base);
+             }
+           });
+           return result;
+         };
+
+         _diff.summary = function summary() {
+           var relevant = {};
+           var keys = Object.keys(_changes);
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+             var change = _changes[keys[i]];
+
+             if (change.head && change.head.geometry(head) !== 'vertex') {
+               addEntity(change.head, head, change.base ? 'modified' : 'created');
+             } else if (change.base && change.base.geometry(base) !== 'vertex') {
+               addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
+             } else if (change.base && change.head) {
+               // modified vertex
+               var moved = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.loc, change.head.loc);
+               var retagged = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.tags, change.head.tags);
+
+               if (moved) {
+                 addParents(change.head);
                }
 
-               buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80;
+               if (retagged || moved && change.head.hasInterestingTags()) {
+                 addEntity(change.head, head, 'modified');
+               }
+             } else if (change.head && change.head.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               // created vertex
+               addEntity(change.head, head, 'created');
+             } else if (change.base && change.base.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               // deleted vertex
+               addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
              }
-
-             buf[pos++] = c & 0x3F | 0x80;
            }
-         }
 
-         return pos;
-       }
+           return Object.values(relevant);
 
-       var pointGeometry = Point;
-       /**
-        * A standalone point geometry with useful accessor, comparison, and
-        * modification methods.
-        *
-        * @class Point
-        * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate. this could be longitude or screen
-        * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
-        * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate. this could be latitude or screen
-        * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
-        * @example
-        * var point = new Point(-77, 38);
-        */
+           function addEntity(entity, graph, changeType) {
+             relevant[entity.id] = {
+               entity: entity,
+               graph: graph,
+               changeType: changeType
+             };
+           }
 
-       function Point(x, y) {
-         this.x = x;
-         this.y = y;
-       }
+           function addParents(entity) {
+             var parents = head.parentWays(entity);
 
-       Point.prototype = {
-         /**
-          * Clone this point, returning a new point that can be modified
-          * without affecting the old one.
-          * @return {Point} the clone
-          */
-         clone: function clone() {
-           return new Point(this.x, this.y);
-         },
+             for (var j = parents.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+               var parent = parents[j];
 
-         /**
-          * Add this point's x & y coordinates to another point,
-          * yielding a new point.
-          * @param {Point} p the other point
-          * @return {Point} output point
-          */
-         add: function add(p) {
-           return this.clone()._add(p);
-         },
+               if (!(parent.id in relevant)) {
+                 addEntity(parent, head, 'modified');
+               }
+             }
+           }
+         }; // returns complete set of entities that require a redraw
+         //  (optionally within given `extent`)
 
-         /**
-          * Subtract this point's x & y coordinates to from point,
-          * yielding a new point.
-          * @param {Point} p the other point
-          * @return {Point} output point
-          */
-         sub: function sub(p) {
-           return this.clone()._sub(p);
-         },
 
-         /**
-          * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by point,
-          * yielding a new point.
-          * @param {Point} p the other point
-          * @return {Point} output point
-          */
-         multByPoint: function multByPoint(p) {
-           return this.clone()._multByPoint(p);
-         },
+         _diff.complete = function complete(extent) {
+           var result = {};
+           var id, change;
 
-         /**
-          * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by point,
-          * yielding a new point.
-          * @param {Point} p the other point
-          * @return {Point} output point
-          */
-         divByPoint: function divByPoint(p) {
-           return this.clone()._divByPoint(p);
-         },
+           for (id in _changes) {
+             change = _changes[id];
+             var h = change.head;
+             var b = change.base;
+             var entity = h || b;
+             var i;
 
-         /**
-          * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
-          * yielding a new point.
-          * @param {Point} k factor
-          * @return {Point} output point
-          */
-         mult: function mult(k) {
-           return this.clone()._mult(k);
-         },
+             if (extent && (!h || !h.intersects(extent, head)) && (!b || !b.intersects(extent, base))) {
+               continue;
+             }
 
-         /**
-          * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
-          * yielding a new point.
-          * @param {Point} k factor
-          * @return {Point} output point
-          */
-         div: function div(k) {
-           return this.clone()._div(k);
-         },
+             result[id] = h;
 
-         /**
-          * Rotate this point around the 0, 0 origin by an angle a,
-          * given in radians
-          * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
-          * @return {Point} output point
-          */
-         rotate: function rotate(a) {
-           return this.clone()._rotate(a);
-         },
+             if (entity.type === 'way') {
+               var nh = h ? h.nodes : [];
+               var nb = b ? b.nodes : [];
+               var diff;
+               diff = utilArrayDifference(nh, nb);
 
-         /**
-          * Rotate this point around p point by an angle a,
-          * given in radians
-          * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
-          * @param {Point} p Point to rotate around
-          * @return {Point} output point
-          */
-         rotateAround: function rotateAround(a, p) {
-           return this.clone()._rotateAround(a, p);
-         },
+               for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
+                 result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
+               }
 
-         /**
-          * Multiply this point by a 4x1 transformation matrix
-          * @param {Array<Number>} m transformation matrix
-          * @return {Point} output point
-          */
-         matMult: function matMult(m) {
-           return this.clone()._matMult(m);
-         },
+               diff = utilArrayDifference(nb, nh);
 
-         /**
-          * Calculate this point but as a unit vector from 0, 0, meaning
-          * that the distance from the resulting point to the 0, 0
-          * coordinate will be equal to 1 and the angle from the resulting
-          * point to the 0, 0 coordinate will be the same as before.
-          * @return {Point} unit vector point
-          */
-         unit: function unit() {
-           return this.clone()._unit();
-         },
+               for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
+                 result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
+               }
+             }
 
-         /**
-          * Compute a perpendicular point, where the new y coordinate
-          * is the old x coordinate and the new x coordinate is the old y
-          * coordinate multiplied by -1
-          * @return {Point} perpendicular point
-          */
-         perp: function perp() {
-           return this.clone()._perp();
-         },
+             if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
+               var mh = h ? h.members.map(function (m) {
+                 return m.id;
+               }) : [];
+               var mb = b ? b.members.map(function (m) {
+                 return m.id;
+               }) : [];
+               var ids = utilArrayUnion(mh, mb);
 
-         /**
-          * Return a version of this point with the x & y coordinates
-          * rounded to integers.
-          * @return {Point} rounded point
-          */
-         round: function round() {
-           return this.clone()._round();
-         },
+               for (i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
+                 var member = head.hasEntity(ids[i]);
+                 if (!member) continue; // not downloaded
 
-         /**
-          * Return the magitude of this point: this is the Euclidean
-          * distance from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point's x and y
-          * coordinates.
-          * @return {Number} magnitude
-          */
-         mag: function mag() {
-           return Math.sqrt(this.x * this.x + this.y * this.y);
-         },
+                 if (extent && !member.intersects(extent, head)) continue; // not visible
 
-         /**
-          * Judge whether this point is equal to another point, returning
-          * true or false.
-          * @param {Point} other the other point
-          * @return {boolean} whether the points are equal
-          */
-         equals: function equals(other) {
-           return this.x === other.x && this.y === other.y;
-         },
+                 result[ids[i]] = member;
+               }
+             }
 
-         /**
-          * Calculate the distance from this point to another point
-          * @param {Point} p the other point
-          * @return {Number} distance
-          */
-         dist: function dist(p) {
-           return Math.sqrt(this.distSqr(p));
-         },
+             addParents(head.parentWays(entity), result);
+             addParents(head.parentRelations(entity), result);
+           }
 
-         /**
-          * Calculate the distance from this point to another point,
-          * without the square root step. Useful if you're comparing
-          * relative distances.
-          * @param {Point} p the other point
-          * @return {Number} distance
-          */
-         distSqr: function distSqr(p) {
-           var dx = p.x - this.x,
-               dy = p.y - this.y;
-           return dx * dx + dy * dy;
-         },
+           return result;
 
-         /**
-          * Get the angle from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point, in radians
-          * coordinates.
-          * @return {Number} angle
-          */
-         angle: function angle() {
-           return Math.atan2(this.y, this.x);
-         },
+           function addParents(parents, result) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+               var parent = parents[i];
+               if (parent.id in result) continue;
+               result[parent.id] = parent;
+               addParents(head.parentRelations(parent), result);
+             }
+           }
+         };
 
-         /**
-          * Get the angle from this point to another point, in radians
-          * @param {Point} b the other point
-          * @return {Number} angle
-          */
-         angleTo: function angleTo(b) {
-           return Math.atan2(this.y - b.y, this.x - b.x);
-         },
+         return _diff;
+       }
 
-         /**
-          * Get the angle between this point and another point, in radians
-          * @param {Point} b the other point
-          * @return {Number} angle
-          */
-         angleWith: function angleWith(b) {
-           return this.angleWithSep(b.x, b.y);
-         },
+       function coreTree(head) {
+         // tree for entities
+         var _rtree = new RBush();
 
-         /*
-          * Find the angle of the two vectors, solving the formula for
-          * the cross product a x b = |a||b|sin(θ) for θ.
-          * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate
-          * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate
-          * @return {Number} the angle in radians
-          */
-         angleWithSep: function angleWithSep(x, y) {
-           return Math.atan2(this.x * y - this.y * x, this.x * x + this.y * y);
-         },
-         _matMult: function _matMult(m) {
-           var x = m[0] * this.x + m[1] * this.y,
-               y = m[2] * this.x + m[3] * this.y;
-           this.x = x;
-           this.y = y;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _add: function _add(p) {
-           this.x += p.x;
-           this.y += p.y;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _sub: function _sub(p) {
-           this.x -= p.x;
-           this.y -= p.y;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _mult: function _mult(k) {
-           this.x *= k;
-           this.y *= k;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _div: function _div(k) {
-           this.x /= k;
-           this.y /= k;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _multByPoint: function _multByPoint(p) {
-           this.x *= p.x;
-           this.y *= p.y;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _divByPoint: function _divByPoint(p) {
-           this.x /= p.x;
-           this.y /= p.y;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _unit: function _unit() {
-           this._div(this.mag());
+         var _bboxes = {}; // maintain a separate tree for granular way segments
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         _perp: function _perp() {
-           var y = this.y;
-           this.y = this.x;
-           this.x = -y;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _rotate: function _rotate(angle) {
-           var cos = Math.cos(angle),
-               sin = Math.sin(angle),
-               x = cos * this.x - sin * this.y,
-               y = sin * this.x + cos * this.y;
-           this.x = x;
-           this.y = y;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _rotateAround: function _rotateAround(angle, p) {
-           var cos = Math.cos(angle),
-               sin = Math.sin(angle),
-               x = p.x + cos * (this.x - p.x) - sin * (this.y - p.y),
-               y = p.y + sin * (this.x - p.x) + cos * (this.y - p.y);
-           this.x = x;
-           this.y = y;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _round: function _round() {
-           this.x = Math.round(this.x);
-           this.y = Math.round(this.y);
-           return this;
-         }
-       };
-       /**
-        * Construct a point from an array if necessary, otherwise if the input
-        * is already a Point, or an unknown type, return it unchanged
-        * @param {Array<Number>|Point|*} a any kind of input value
-        * @return {Point} constructed point, or passed-through value.
-        * @example
-        * // this
-        * var point = Point.convert([0, 1]);
-        * // is equivalent to
-        * var point = new Point(0, 1);
-        */
+         var _segmentsRTree = new RBush();
 
-       Point.convert = function (a) {
-         if (a instanceof Point) {
-           return a;
-         }
+         var _segmentsBBoxes = {};
+         var _segmentsByWayId = {};
+         var tree = {};
 
-         if (Array.isArray(a)) {
-           return new Point(a[0], a[1]);
+         function entityBBox(entity) {
+           var bbox = entity.extent(head).bbox();
+           bbox.id = entity.id;
+           _bboxes[entity.id] = bbox;
+           return bbox;
          }
 
-         return a;
-       };
-
-       var vectortilefeature = VectorTileFeature;
+         function segmentBBox(segment) {
+           var extent = segment.extent(head); // extent can be null if the node entities aren't in the graph for some reason
 
-       function VectorTileFeature(pbf, end, extent, keys, values) {
-         // Public
-         this.properties = {};
-         this.extent = extent;
-         this.type = 0; // Private
+           if (!extent) return null;
+           var bbox = extent.bbox();
+           bbox.segment = segment;
+           _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id] = bbox;
+           return bbox;
+         }
 
-         this._pbf = pbf;
-         this._geometry = -1;
-         this._keys = keys;
-         this._values = values;
-         pbf.readFields(readFeature, this, end);
-       }
+         function removeEntity(entity) {
+           _rtree.remove(_bboxes[entity.id]);
 
-       function readFeature(tag, feature, pbf) {
-         if (tag == 1) feature.id = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag == 2) readTag(pbf, feature);else if (tag == 3) feature.type = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag == 4) feature._geometry = pbf.pos;
-       }
+           delete _bboxes[entity.id];
 
-       function readTag(pbf, feature) {
-         var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;
+           if (_segmentsByWayId[entity.id]) {
+             _segmentsByWayId[entity.id].forEach(function (segment) {
+               _segmentsRTree.remove(_segmentsBBoxes[segment.id]);
 
-         while (pbf.pos < end) {
-           var key = feature._keys[pbf.readVarint()],
-               value = feature._values[pbf.readVarint()];
+               delete _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id];
+             });
 
-           feature.properties[key] = value;
+             delete _segmentsByWayId[entity.id];
+           }
          }
-       }
 
-       VectorTileFeature.types = ['Unknown', 'Point', 'LineString', 'Polygon'];
+         function loadEntities(entities) {
+           _rtree.load(entities.map(entityBBox));
 
-       VectorTileFeature.prototype.loadGeometry = function () {
-         var pbf = this._pbf;
-         pbf.pos = this._geometry;
-         var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
-             cmd = 1,
-             length = 0,
-             x = 0,
-             y = 0,
-             lines = [],
-             line;
+           var segments = [];
+           entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+             if (entity.segments) {
+               var entitySegments = entity.segments(head); // cache these to make them easy to remove later
 
-         while (pbf.pos < end) {
-           if (length <= 0) {
-             var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
-             cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
-             length = cmdLen >> 3;
-           }
+               _segmentsByWayId[entity.id] = entitySegments;
+               segments = segments.concat(entitySegments);
+             }
+           });
+           if (segments.length) _segmentsRTree.load(segments.map(segmentBBox).filter(Boolean));
+         }
 
-           length--;
+         function updateParents(entity, insertions, memo) {
+           head.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (way) {
+             if (_bboxes[way.id]) {
+               removeEntity(way);
+               insertions[way.id] = way;
+             }
 
-           if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
-             x += pbf.readSVarint();
-             y += pbf.readSVarint();
+             updateParents(way, insertions, memo);
+           });
+           head.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (relation) {
+             if (memo[entity.id]) return;
+             memo[entity.id] = true;
 
-             if (cmd === 1) {
-               // moveTo
-               if (line) lines.push(line);
-               line = [];
+             if (_bboxes[relation.id]) {
+               removeEntity(relation);
+               insertions[relation.id] = relation;
              }
 
-             line.push(new pointGeometry(x, y));
-           } else if (cmd === 7) {
-             // Workaround for https://github.com/mapbox/mapnik-vector-tile/issues/90
-             if (line) {
-               line.push(line[0].clone()); // closePolygon
-             }
-           } else {
-             throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
-           }
+             updateParents(relation, insertions, memo);
+           });
          }
 
-         if (line) lines.push(line);
-         return lines;
-       };
+         tree.rebase = function (entities, force) {
+           var insertions = {};
 
-       VectorTileFeature.prototype.bbox = function () {
-         var pbf = this._pbf;
-         pbf.pos = this._geometry;
-         var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
-             cmd = 1,
-             length = 0,
-             x = 0,
-             y = 0,
-             x1 = Infinity,
-             x2 = -Infinity,
-             y1 = Infinity,
-             y2 = -Infinity;
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             if (!entity.visible) continue;
 
-         while (pbf.pos < end) {
-           if (length <= 0) {
-             var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
-             cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
-             length = cmdLen >> 3;
+             if (head.entities.hasOwnProperty(entity.id) || _bboxes[entity.id]) {
+               if (!force) {
+                 continue;
+               } else if (_bboxes[entity.id]) {
+                 removeEntity(entity);
+               }
+             }
+
+             insertions[entity.id] = entity;
+             updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
            }
 
-           length--;
+           loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));
+           return tree;
+         };
 
-           if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
-             x += pbf.readSVarint();
-             y += pbf.readSVarint();
-             if (x < x1) x1 = x;
-             if (x > x2) x2 = x;
-             if (y < y1) y1 = y;
-             if (y > y2) y2 = y;
-           } else if (cmd !== 7) {
-             throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
-           }
-         }
+         function updateToGraph(graph) {
+           if (graph === head) return;
+           var diff = coreDifference(head, graph);
+           head = graph;
+           var changed = diff.didChange;
+           if (!changed.addition && !changed.deletion && !changed.geometry) return;
+           var insertions = {};
 
-         return [x1, y1, x2, y2];
-       };
+           if (changed.deletion) {
+             diff.deleted().forEach(function (entity) {
+               removeEntity(entity);
+             });
+           }
 
-       VectorTileFeature.prototype.toGeoJSON = function (x, y, z) {
-         var size = this.extent * Math.pow(2, z),
-             x0 = this.extent * x,
-             y0 = this.extent * y,
-             coords = this.loadGeometry(),
-             type = VectorTileFeature.types[this.type],
-             i,
-             j;
+           if (changed.geometry) {
+             diff.modified().forEach(function (entity) {
+               removeEntity(entity);
+               insertions[entity.id] = entity;
+               updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
+             });
+           }
 
-         function project(line) {
-           for (var j = 0; j < line.length; j++) {
-             var p = line[j],
-                 y2 = 180 - (p.y + y0) * 360 / size;
-             line[j] = [(p.x + x0) * 360 / size - 180, 360 / Math.PI * Math.atan(Math.exp(y2 * Math.PI / 180)) - 90];
+           if (changed.addition) {
+             diff.created().forEach(function (entity) {
+               insertions[entity.id] = entity;
+             });
            }
-         }
 
-         switch (this.type) {
-           case 1:
-             var points = [];
+           loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));
+         } // returns an array of entities with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
 
-             for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-               points[i] = coords[i][0];
-             }
 
-             coords = points;
-             project(coords);
-             break;
+         tree.intersects = function (extent, graph) {
+           updateToGraph(graph);
+           return _rtree.search(extent.bbox()).map(function (bbox) {
+             return graph.entity(bbox.id);
+           });
+         }; // returns an array of segment objects with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
 
-           case 2:
-             for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-               project(coords[i]);
-             }
 
-             break;
+         tree.waySegments = function (extent, graph) {
+           updateToGraph(graph);
+           return _segmentsRTree.search(extent.bbox()).map(function (bbox) {
+             return bbox.segment;
+           });
+         };
 
-           case 3:
-             coords = classifyRings(coords);
+         return tree;
+       }
 
-             for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-               for (j = 0; j < coords[i].length; j++) {
-                 project(coords[i][j]);
-               }
-             }
+       function svgIcon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
+         return function drawIcon(selection) {
+           selection.selectAll('svg.icon' + (svgklass ? '.' + svgklass.split(' ')[0] : '')).data([0]).enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'icon ' + (svgklass || '')).append('use').attr('xlink:href', name).attr('class', useklass);
+         };
+       }
 
-             break;
-         }
+       function uiModal(selection, blocking) {
+         var _this = this;
 
-         if (coords.length === 1) {
-           coords = coords[0];
-         } else {
-           type = 'Multi' + type;
-         }
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('modal');
+         var previous = selection.select('div.modal');
+         var animate = previous.empty();
+         previous.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
+         var shaded = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'shaded').style('opacity', 0);
 
-         var result = {
-           type: "Feature",
-           geometry: {
-             type: type,
-             coordinates: coords
-           },
-           properties: this.properties
+         shaded.close = function () {
+           shaded.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
+           modal.transition().duration(200).style('top', '0px');
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
          };
 
-         if ('id' in this) {
-           result.id = this.id;
+         var modal = shaded.append('div').attr('class', 'modal fillL');
+         modal.append('input').attr('class', 'keytrap keytrap-first').on('focus.keytrap', moveFocusToLast);
+
+         if (!blocking) {
+           shaded.on('click.remove-modal', function (d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event.target === _this) {
+               shaded.close();
+             }
+           });
+           modal.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', shaded.close).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           keybinding.on('⌫', shaded.close).on('⎋', shaded.close);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
          }
 
-         return result;
-       }; // classifies an array of rings into polygons with outer rings and holes
+         modal.append('div').attr('class', 'content');
+         modal.append('input').attr('class', 'keytrap keytrap-last').on('focus.keytrap', moveFocusToFirst);
 
+         if (animate) {
+           shaded.transition().style('opacity', 1);
+         } else {
+           shaded.style('opacity', 1);
+         }
 
-       function classifyRings(rings) {
-         var len = rings.length;
-         if (len <= 1) return [rings];
-         var polygons = [],
-             polygon,
-             ccw;
+         return shaded;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-           var area = signedArea$1(rings[i]);
-           if (area === 0) continue;
-           if (ccw === undefined) ccw = area < 0;
+         function moveFocusToFirst() {
+           var node = modal // there are additional rules about what's focusable, but this suits our purposes
+           .select('a, button, input:not(.keytrap), select, textarea').node();
 
-           if (ccw === area < 0) {
-             if (polygon) polygons.push(polygon);
-             polygon = [rings[i]];
+           if (node) {
+             node.focus();
            } else {
-             polygon.push(rings[i]);
+             select(this).node().blur();
            }
          }
 
-         if (polygon) polygons.push(polygon);
-         return polygons;
+         function moveFocusToLast() {
+           var nodes = modal.selectAll('a, button, input:not(.keytrap), select, textarea').nodes();
+
+           if (nodes.length) {
+             nodes[nodes.length - 1].focus();
+           } else {
+             select(this).node().blur();
+           }
+         }
        }
 
-       function signedArea$1(ring) {
-         var sum = 0;
+       function uiLoading(context) {
+         var _modalSelection = select(null);
 
-         for (var i = 0, len = ring.length, j = len - 1, p1, p2; i < len; j = i++) {
-           p1 = ring[i];
-           p2 = ring[j];
-           sum += (p2.x - p1.x) * (p1.y + p2.y);
-         }
+         var _message = '';
+         var _blocking = false;
 
-         return sum;
-       }
+         var loading = function loading(selection) {
+           _modalSelection = uiModal(selection, _blocking);
 
-       var vectortilelayer = VectorTileLayer;
+           var loadertext = _modalSelection.select('.content').classed('loading-modal', true).append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section fillL');
 
-       function VectorTileLayer(pbf, end) {
-         // Public
-         this.version = 1;
-         this.name = null;
-         this.extent = 4096;
-         this.length = 0; // Private
+           loadertext.append('img').attr('class', 'loader').attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-white.gif'));
+           loadertext.append('h3').html(_message);
 
-         this._pbf = pbf;
-         this._keys = [];
-         this._values = [];
-         this._features = [];
-         pbf.readFields(readLayer, this, end);
-         this.length = this._features.length;
-       }
+           _modalSelection.select('button.close').attr('class', 'hide');
 
-       function readLayer(tag, layer, pbf) {
-         if (tag === 15) layer.version = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag === 1) layer.name = pbf.readString();else if (tag === 5) layer.extent = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag === 2) layer._features.push(pbf.pos);else if (tag === 3) layer._keys.push(pbf.readString());else if (tag === 4) layer._values.push(readValueMessage(pbf));
-       }
+           return loading;
+         };
 
-       function readValueMessage(pbf) {
-         var value = null,
-             end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;
+         loading.message = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _message;
+           _message = val;
+           return loading;
+         };
 
-         while (pbf.pos < end) {
-           var tag = pbf.readVarint() >> 3;
-           value = tag === 1 ? pbf.readString() : tag === 2 ? pbf.readFloat() : tag === 3 ? pbf.readDouble() : tag === 4 ? pbf.readVarint64() : tag === 5 ? pbf.readVarint() : tag === 6 ? pbf.readSVarint() : tag === 7 ? pbf.readBoolean() : null;
-         }
+         loading.blocking = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _blocking;
+           _blocking = val;
+           return loading;
+         };
 
-         return value;
-       } // return feature `i` from this layer as a `VectorTileFeature`
+         loading.close = function () {
+           _modalSelection.remove();
+         };
 
+         loading.isShown = function () {
+           return _modalSelection && !_modalSelection.empty() && _modalSelection.node().parentNode;
+         };
 
-       VectorTileLayer.prototype.feature = function (i) {
-         if (i < 0 || i >= this._features.length) throw new Error('feature index out of bounds');
-         this._pbf.pos = this._features[i];
+         return loading;
+       }
 
-         var end = this._pbf.readVarint() + this._pbf.pos;
+       function coreHistory(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('reset', 'change', 'merge', 'restore', 'undone', 'redone', 'storage_error');
 
-         return new vectortilefeature(this._pbf, end, this.extent, this._keys, this._values);
-       };
+         var _lock = utilSessionMutex('lock'); // restorable if iD not open in another window/tab and a saved history exists in localStorage
 
-       var vectortile = VectorTile;
 
-       function VectorTile(pbf, end) {
-         this.layers = pbf.readFields(readTile, {}, end);
-       }
+         var _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = _lock.lock() && !!corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));
 
-       function readTile(tag, layers, pbf) {
-         if (tag === 3) {
-           var layer = new vectortilelayer(pbf, pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos);
-           if (layer.length) layers[layer.name] = layer;
-         }
-       }
+         var duration = 150;
+         var _imageryUsed = [];
+         var _photoOverlaysUsed = [];
+         var _checkpoints = {};
 
-       var VectorTile$1 = vectortile;
-       var VectorTileFeature$1 = vectortilefeature;
-       var VectorTileLayer$1 = vectortilelayer;
-       var vectorTile = {
-         VectorTile: VectorTile$1,
-         VectorTileFeature: VectorTileFeature$1,
-         VectorTileLayer: VectorTileLayer$1
-       };
+         var _pausedGraph;
 
-       var tiler$7 = utilTiler().tileSize(512).margin(1);
-       var dispatch$8 = dispatch('loadedData');
+         var _stack;
 
-       var _vtCache;
+         var _index;
 
-       function abortRequest$7(controller) {
-         controller.abort();
-       }
+         var _tree; // internal _act, accepts list of actions and eased time
 
-       function vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, mergeCache) {
-         var vectorTile$1 = new vectorTile.VectorTile(new pbf(data));
-         var layers = Object.keys(vectorTile$1.layers);
 
-         if (!Array.isArray(layers)) {
-           layers = [layers];
-         }
+         function _act(actions, t) {
+           actions = Array.prototype.slice.call(actions);
+           var annotation;
 
-         var features = [];
-         layers.forEach(function (layerID) {
-           var layer = vectorTile$1.layers[layerID];
+           if (typeof actions[actions.length - 1] !== 'function') {
+             annotation = actions.pop();
+           }
 
-           if (layer) {
-             for (var i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
-               var feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
-               var geometry = feature.geometry; // Treat all Polygons as MultiPolygons
+           var graph = _stack[_index].graph;
 
-               if (geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
-                 geometry.type = 'MultiPolygon';
-                 geometry.coordinates = [geometry.coordinates];
-               }
+           for (var i = 0; i < actions.length; i++) {
+             graph = actions[i](graph, t);
+           }
 
-               var isClipped = false; // Clip to tile bounds
+           return {
+             graph: graph,
+             annotation: annotation,
+             imageryUsed: _imageryUsed,
+             photoOverlaysUsed: _photoOverlaysUsed,
+             transform: context.projection.transform(),
+             selectedIDs: context.selectedIDs()
+           };
+         } // internal _perform with eased time
 
-               if (geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
-                 var featureClip = turf_bboxClip(feature, tile.extent.rectangle());
 
-                 if (!fastDeepEqual(feature.geometry, featureClip.geometry)) {
-                   // feature = featureClip;
-                   isClipped = true;
-                 }
+         function _perform(args, t) {
+           var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
+           _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
 
-                 if (!feature.geometry.coordinates.length) continue; // not actually on this tile
+           var actionResult = _act(args, t);
 
-                 if (!feature.geometry.coordinates[0].length) continue; // not actually on this tile
-               } // Generate some unique IDs and add some metadata
+           _stack.push(actionResult);
 
+           _index++;
+           return change(previous);
+         } // internal _replace with eased time
 
-               var featurehash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
-               var propertyhash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature.properties || {}));
-               feature.__layerID__ = layerID.replace(/[^_a-zA-Z0-9\-]/g, '_');
-               feature.__featurehash__ = featurehash;
-               feature.__propertyhash__ = propertyhash;
-               features.push(feature); // Clipped Polygons at same zoom with identical properties can get merged
 
-               if (isClipped && geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
-                 var merged = mergeCache[propertyhash];
+         function _replace(args, t) {
+           var previous = _stack[_index].graph; // assert(_index == _stack.length - 1)
 
-                 if (merged && merged.length) {
-                   var other = merged[0];
-                   var coords = union(feature.geometry.coordinates, other.geometry.coordinates);
+           var actionResult = _act(args, t);
 
-                   if (!coords || !coords.length) {
-                     continue; // something failed in martinez union
-                   }
+           _stack[_index] = actionResult;
+           return change(previous);
+         } // internal _overwrite with eased time
 
-                   merged.push(feature);
 
-                   for (var j = 0; j < merged.length; j++) {
-                     // all these features get...
-                     merged[j].geometry.coordinates = coords; // same coords
+         function _overwrite(args, t) {
+           var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
 
-                     merged[j].__featurehash__ = featurehash; // same hash, so deduplication works
-                   }
-                 } else {
-                   mergeCache[propertyhash] = [feature];
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         });
-         return features;
-       }
+           if (_index > 0) {
+             _index--;
 
-       function loadTile(source, tile) {
-         if (source.loaded[tile.id] || source.inflight[tile.id]) return;
-         var url = source.template.replace('{x}', tile.xyz[0]).replace('{y}', tile.xyz[1]) // TMS-flipped y coordinate
-         .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, tile.xyz[2]) - tile.xyz[1] - 1).replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, tile.xyz[2]).replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function (s, r) {
-           var subdomains = r.split(',');
-           return subdomains[(tile.xyz[0] + tile.xyz[1]) % subdomains.length];
-         });
-         var controller = new AbortController();
-         source.inflight[tile.id] = controller;
-         fetch(url, {
-           signal: controller.signal
-         }).then(function (response) {
-           if (!response.ok) {
-             throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
+             _stack.pop();
            }
 
-           source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
-           delete source.inflight[tile.id];
-           return response.arrayBuffer();
-         }).then(function (data) {
-           if (!data) {
-             throw new Error('No Data');
-           }
+           _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
 
-           var z = tile.xyz[2];
+           var actionResult = _act(args, t);
 
-           if (!source.canMerge[z]) {
-             source.canMerge[z] = {}; // initialize mergeCache
-           }
+           _stack.push(actionResult);
 
-           source.loaded[tile.id] = vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, source.canMerge[z]);
-           dispatch$8.call('loadedData');
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
-           delete source.inflight[tile.id];
-         });
-       }
+           _index++;
+           return change(previous);
+         } // determine difference and dispatch a change event
 
-       var serviceVectorTile = {
-         init: function init() {
-           if (!_vtCache) {
-             this.reset();
+
+         function change(previous) {
+           var difference = coreDifference(previous, history.graph());
+
+           if (!_pausedGraph) {
+             dispatch.call('change', this, difference);
            }
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$8, 'on');
-         },
-         reset: function reset() {
-           for (var sourceID in _vtCache) {
-             var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
+           return difference;
+         } // iD uses namespaced keys so multiple installations do not conflict
 
-             if (source && source.inflight) {
-               Object.values(source.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$7);
+
+         function getKey(n) {
+           return 'iD_' + window.location.origin + '_' + n;
+         }
+
+         var history = {
+           graph: function graph() {
+             return _stack[_index].graph;
+           },
+           tree: function tree() {
+             return _tree;
+           },
+           base: function base() {
+             return _stack[0].graph;
+           },
+           merge: function merge(entities
+           /*, extent*/
+           ) {
+             var stack = _stack.map(function (state) {
+               return state.graph;
+             });
+
+             _stack[0].graph.rebase(entities, stack, false);
+
+             _tree.rebase(entities, false);
+
+             dispatch.call('merge', this, entities);
+           },
+           perform: function perform() {
+             // complete any transition already in progress
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             var transitionable = false;
+             var action0 = arguments[0];
+
+             if (arguments.length === 1 || arguments.length === 2 && typeof arguments[1] !== 'function') {
+               transitionable = !!action0.transitionable;
              }
-           }
 
-           _vtCache = {};
-         },
-         addSource: function addSource(sourceID, template) {
-           _vtCache[sourceID] = {
-             template: template,
-             inflight: {},
-             loaded: {},
-             canMerge: {}
-           };
-           return _vtCache[sourceID];
-         },
-         data: function data(sourceID, projection) {
-           var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
-           if (!source) return [];
-           var tiles = tiler$7.getTiles(projection);
-           var seen = {};
-           var results = [];
+             if (transitionable) {
+               var origArguments = arguments;
+               select(document).transition('history.perform').duration(duration).ease(linear$1).tween('history.tween', function () {
+                 return function (t) {
+                   if (t < 1) _overwrite([action0], t);
+                 };
+               }).on('start', function () {
+                 _perform([action0], 0);
+               }).on('end interrupt', function () {
+                 _overwrite(origArguments, 1);
+               });
+             } else {
+               return _perform(arguments);
+             }
+           },
+           replace: function replace() {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             return _replace(arguments, 1);
+           },
+           // Same as calling pop and then perform
+           overwrite: function overwrite() {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             return _overwrite(arguments, 1);
+           },
+           pop: function pop(n) {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < tiles.length; i++) {
-             var features = source.loaded[tiles[i].id];
-             if (!features || !features.length) continue;
+             if (isNaN(+n) || +n < 0) {
+               n = 1;
+             }
 
-             for (var j = 0; j < features.length; j++) {
-               var feature = features[j];
-               var hash = feature.__featurehash__;
-               if (seen[hash]) continue;
-               seen[hash] = true; // return a shallow copy, because the hash may change
-               // later if this feature gets merged with another
+             while (n-- > 0 && _index > 0) {
+               _index--;
 
-               results.push(Object.assign({}, feature)); // shallow copy
+               _stack.pop();
              }
-           }
 
-           return results;
-         },
-         loadTiles: function loadTiles(sourceID, template, projection) {
-           var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
+             return change(previous);
+           },
+           // Back to the previous annotated state or _index = 0.
+           undo: function undo() {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             var previousStack = _stack[_index];
+             var previous = previousStack.graph;
 
-           if (!source) {
-             source = this.addSource(sourceID, template);
-           }
+             while (_index > 0) {
+               _index--;
+               if (_stack[_index].annotation) break;
+             }
 
-           var tiles = tiler$7.getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
+             dispatch.call('undone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
+             return change(previous);
+           },
+           // Forward to the next annotated state.
+           redo: function redo() {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             var previousStack = _stack[_index];
+             var previous = previousStack.graph;
+             var tryIndex = _index;
 
-           Object.keys(source.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
-             var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
-               return k === tile.id;
-             });
+             while (tryIndex < _stack.length - 1) {
+               tryIndex++;
 
-             if (!wanted) {
-               abortRequest$7(source.inflight[k]);
-               delete source.inflight[k];
+               if (_stack[tryIndex].annotation) {
+                 _index = tryIndex;
+                 dispatch.call('redone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
+                 break;
+               }
              }
-           });
-           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
-             loadTile(source, tile);
-           });
-         },
-         cache: function cache() {
-           return _vtCache;
-         }
-       };
 
-       var apibase$3 = 'https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?';
-       var _wikidataCache = {};
-       var serviceWikidata = {
-         init: function init() {},
-         reset: function reset() {
-           _wikidataCache = {};
-         },
-         // Search for Wikidata items matching the query
-         itemsForSearchQuery: function itemsForSearchQuery(query, callback) {
-           if (!query) {
-             if (callback) callback('No query', {});
-             return;
-           }
+             return change(previous);
+           },
+           pauseChangeDispatch: function pauseChangeDispatch() {
+             if (!_pausedGraph) {
+               _pausedGraph = _stack[_index].graph;
+             }
+           },
+           resumeChangeDispatch: function resumeChangeDispatch() {
+             if (_pausedGraph) {
+               var previous = _pausedGraph;
+               _pausedGraph = null;
+               return change(previous);
+             }
+           },
+           undoAnnotation: function undoAnnotation() {
+             var i = _index;
 
-           var lang = this.languagesToQuery()[0];
-           var url = apibase$3 + utilQsString({
-             action: 'wbsearchentities',
-             format: 'json',
-             formatversion: 2,
-             search: query,
-             type: 'item',
-             // the language to search
-             language: lang,
-             // the language for the label and description in the result
-             uselang: lang,
-             limit: 10,
-             origin: '*'
-           });
-           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
-             if (result && result.error) {
-               throw new Error(result.error);
+             while (i >= 0) {
+               if (_stack[i].annotation) return _stack[i].annotation;
+               i--;
              }
+           },
+           redoAnnotation: function redoAnnotation() {
+             var i = _index + 1;
 
-             if (callback) callback(null, result.search || {});
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
-           });
-         },
-         // Given a Wikipedia language and article title,
-         // return an array of corresponding Wikidata entities.
-         itemsByTitle: function itemsByTitle(lang, title, callback) {
-           if (!title) {
-             if (callback) callback('No title', {});
-             return;
-           }
+             while (i <= _stack.length - 1) {
+               if (_stack[i].annotation) return _stack[i].annotation;
+               i++;
+             }
+           },
+           // Returns the entities from the active graph with bounding boxes
+           // overlapping the given `extent`.
+           intersects: function intersects(extent) {
+             return _tree.intersects(extent, _stack[_index].graph);
+           },
+           difference: function difference() {
+             var base = _stack[0].graph;
+             var head = _stack[_index].graph;
+             return coreDifference(base, head);
+           },
+           changes: function changes(action) {
+             var base = _stack[0].graph;
+             var head = _stack[_index].graph;
 
-           lang = lang || 'en';
-           var url = apibase$3 + utilQsString({
-             action: 'wbgetentities',
-             format: 'json',
-             formatversion: 2,
-             sites: lang.replace(/-/g, '_') + 'wiki',
-             titles: title,
-             languages: 'en',
-             // shrink response by filtering to one language
-             origin: '*'
-           });
-           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
-             if (result && result.error) {
-               throw new Error(result.error);
+             if (action) {
+               head = action(head);
              }
 
-             if (callback) callback(null, result.entities || {});
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
-           });
-         },
-         languagesToQuery: function languagesToQuery() {
-           return _mainLocalizer.localeCodes().map(function (code) {
-             return code.toLowerCase();
-           }).filter(function (code) {
-             // HACK: en-us isn't a wikidata language. We should really be filtering by
-             // the languages known to be supported by wikidata.
-             return code !== 'en-us';
-           });
-         },
-         entityByQID: function entityByQID(qid, callback) {
-           if (!qid) {
-             callback('No qid', {});
-             return;
-           }
+             var difference = coreDifference(base, head);
+             return {
+               modified: difference.modified(),
+               created: difference.created(),
+               deleted: difference.deleted()
+             };
+           },
+           hasChanges: function hasChanges() {
+             return this.difference().length() > 0;
+           },
+           imageryUsed: function imageryUsed(sources) {
+             if (sources) {
+               _imageryUsed = sources;
+               return history;
+             } else {
+               var s = new Set();
 
-           if (_wikidataCache[qid]) {
-             if (callback) callback(null, _wikidataCache[qid]);
-             return;
-           }
+               _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function (state) {
+                 state.imageryUsed.forEach(function (source) {
+                   if (source !== 'Custom') {
+                     s.add(source);
+                   }
+                 });
+               });
 
-           var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
-           var url = apibase$3 + utilQsString({
-             action: 'wbgetentities',
-             format: 'json',
-             formatversion: 2,
-             ids: qid,
-             props: 'labels|descriptions|claims|sitelinks',
-             sitefilter: langs.map(function (d) {
-               return d + 'wiki';
-             }).join('|'),
-             languages: langs.join('|'),
-             languagefallback: 1,
-             origin: '*'
-           });
-           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
-             if (result && result.error) {
-               throw new Error(result.error);
+               return Array.from(s);
              }
+           },
+           photoOverlaysUsed: function photoOverlaysUsed(sources) {
+             if (sources) {
+               _photoOverlaysUsed = sources;
+               return history;
+             } else {
+               var s = new Set();
 
-             if (callback) callback(null, result.entities[qid] || {});
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
-           });
-         },
-         // Pass `params` object of the form:
-         // {
-         //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
-         // }
-         //
-         // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
-         // {
-         //   title:        'string',
-         //   description:  'string',
-         //   editURL:      'string',
-         //   imageURL:     'string',
-         //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
-         // }
-         //
-         getDocs: function getDocs(params, callback) {
-           var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
-           this.entityByQID(params.qid, function (err, entity) {
-             if (err || !entity) {
-               callback(err || 'No entity');
-               return;
+               _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function (state) {
+                 if (state.photoOverlaysUsed && Array.isArray(state.photoOverlaysUsed)) {
+                   state.photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function (photoOverlay) {
+                     s.add(photoOverlay);
+                   });
+                 }
+               });
+
+               return Array.from(s);
+             }
+           },
+           // save the current history state
+           checkpoint: function checkpoint(key) {
+             _checkpoints[key] = {
+               stack: _stack,
+               index: _index
+             };
+             return history;
+           },
+           // restore history state to a given checkpoint or reset completely
+           reset: function reset(key) {
+             if (key !== undefined && _checkpoints.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+               _stack = _checkpoints[key].stack;
+               _index = _checkpoints[key].index;
+             } else {
+               _stack = [{
+                 graph: coreGraph()
+               }];
+               _index = 0;
+               _tree = coreTree(_stack[0].graph);
+               _checkpoints = {};
              }
 
-             var i;
-             var description;
+             dispatch.call('reset');
+             dispatch.call('change');
+             return history;
+           },
+           // `toIntroGraph()` is used to export the intro graph used by the walkthrough.
+           //
+           // To use it:
+           //  1. Start the walkthrough.
+           //  2. Get to a "free editing" tutorial step
+           //  3. Make your edits to the walkthrough map
+           //  4. In your browser dev console run:
+           //        `id.history().toIntroGraph()`
+           //  5. This outputs stringified JSON to the browser console
+           //  6. Copy it to `data/intro_graph.json` and prettify it in your code editor
+           toIntroGraph: function toIntroGraph() {
+             var nextID = {
+               n: 0,
+               r: 0,
+               w: 0
+             };
+             var permIDs = {};
+             var graph = this.graph();
+             var baseEntities = {}; // clone base entities..
 
-             for (i in langs) {
-               var code = langs[i];
+             Object.values(graph.base().entities).forEach(function (entity) {
+               var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
+               baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
+             }); // replace base entities with head entities..
 
-               if (entity.descriptions[code] && entity.descriptions[code].language === code) {
-                 description = entity.descriptions[code];
-                 break;
+             Object.keys(graph.entities).forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = graph.entities[id];
+
+               if (entity) {
+                 var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
+                 baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
+               } else {
+                 delete baseEntities[id];
                }
-             }
+             }); // swap temporary for permanent ids..
 
-             if (!description && Object.values(entity.descriptions).length) description = Object.values(entity.descriptions)[0]; // prepare result
+             Object.values(baseEntities).forEach(function (entity) {
+               if (Array.isArray(entity.nodes)) {
+                 entity.nodes = entity.nodes.map(function (node) {
+                   return permIDs[node] || node;
+                 });
+               }
 
-             var result = {
-               title: entity.id,
-               description: description ? description.value : '',
-               descriptionLocaleCode: description ? description.language : '',
-               editURL: 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/' + entity.id
-             }; // add image
+               if (Array.isArray(entity.members)) {
+                 entity.members = entity.members.map(function (member) {
+                   member.id = permIDs[member.id] || member.id;
+                   return member;
+                 });
+               }
+             });
+             return JSON.stringify({
+               dataIntroGraph: baseEntities
+             });
 
-             if (entity.claims) {
-               var imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
-               var props = ['P154', 'P18']; // logo image, image
+             function copyIntroEntity(source) {
+               var copy = utilObjectOmit(source, ['type', 'user', 'v', 'version', 'visible']); // Note: the copy is no longer an osmEntity, so it might not have `tags`
 
-               var prop, image;
+               if (copy.tags && !Object.keys(copy.tags)) {
+                 delete copy.tags;
+               }
 
-               for (i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
-                 prop = entity.claims[props[i]];
+               if (Array.isArray(copy.loc)) {
+                 copy.loc[0] = +copy.loc[0].toFixed(6);
+                 copy.loc[1] = +copy.loc[1].toFixed(6);
+               }
 
-                 if (prop && Object.keys(prop).length > 0) {
-                   image = prop[Object.keys(prop)[0]].mainsnak.datavalue.value;
+               var match = source.id.match(/([nrw])-\d*/); // temporary id
 
-                   if (image) {
-                     result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
-                       title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
-                       width: 400
-                     });
-                     break;
-                   }
-                 }
+               if (match !== null) {
+                 var nrw = match[1];
+                 var permID;
+
+                 do {
+                   permID = nrw + ++nextID[nrw];
+                 } while (baseEntities.hasOwnProperty(permID));
+
+                 copy.id = permIDs[source.id] = permID;
                }
-             }
 
-             if (entity.sitelinks) {
-               var englishLocale = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase() === 'en'; // must be one of these that we requested..
+               return copy;
+             }
+           },
+           toJSON: function toJSON() {
+             if (!this.hasChanges()) return;
+             var allEntities = {};
+             var baseEntities = {};
+             var base = _stack[0];
 
-               for (i = 0; i < langs.length; i++) {
-                 // check each, in order of preference
-                 var w = langs[i] + 'wiki';
+             var s = _stack.map(function (i) {
+               var modified = [];
+               var deleted = [];
+               Object.keys(i.graph.entities).forEach(function (id) {
+                 var entity = i.graph.entities[id];
 
-                 if (entity.sitelinks[w]) {
-                   var title = entity.sitelinks[w].title;
-                   var tKey = 'inspector.wiki_reference';
+                 if (entity) {
+                   var key = osmEntity.key(entity);
+                   allEntities[key] = entity;
+                   modified.push(key);
+                 } else {
+                   deleted.push(id);
+                 } // make sure that the originals of changed or deleted entities get merged
+                 // into the base of the _stack after restoring the data from JSON.
 
-                   if (!englishLocale && langs[i] === 'en') {
-                     // user's locale isn't English but
-                     tKey = 'inspector.wiki_en_reference'; // we are sending them to enwiki anyway..
-                   }
 
-                   result.wiki = {
-                     title: title,
-                     text: tKey,
-                     url: 'https://' + langs[i] + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + title.replace(/ /g, '_')
-                   };
-                   break;
+                 if (id in base.graph.entities) {
+                   baseEntities[id] = base.graph.entities[id];
                  }
-               }
-             }
 
-             callback(null, result);
-           });
-         }
-       };
+                 if (entity && entity.nodes) {
+                   // get originals of pre-existing child nodes
+                   entity.nodes.forEach(function (nodeID) {
+                     if (nodeID in base.graph.entities) {
+                       baseEntities[nodeID] = base.graph.entities[nodeID];
+                     }
+                   });
+                 } // get originals of parent entities too
 
-       var endpoint = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?';
-       var serviceWikipedia = {
-         init: function init() {},
-         reset: function reset() {},
-         search: function search(lang, query, callback) {
-           if (!query) {
-             if (callback) callback('No Query', []);
-             return;
-           }
 
-           lang = lang || 'en';
-           var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) + utilQsString({
-             action: 'query',
-             list: 'search',
-             srlimit: '10',
-             srinfo: 'suggestion',
-             format: 'json',
-             origin: '*',
-             srsearch: query
-           });
-           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
-             if (result && result.error) {
-               throw new Error(result.error);
-             } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.search) {
-               throw new Error('No Results');
-             }
+                 var baseParents = base.graph._parentWays[id];
 
-             if (callback) {
-               var titles = result.query.search.map(function (d) {
-                 return d.title;
+                 if (baseParents) {
+                   baseParents.forEach(function (parentID) {
+                     if (parentID in base.graph.entities) {
+                       baseEntities[parentID] = base.graph.entities[parentID];
+                     }
+                   });
+                 }
                });
-               callback(null, titles);
-             }
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             if (callback) callback(err, []);
-           });
-         },
-         suggestions: function suggestions(lang, query, callback) {
-           if (!query) {
-             if (callback) callback('', []);
-             return;
-           }
-
-           lang = lang || 'en';
-           var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) + utilQsString({
-             action: 'opensearch',
-             namespace: 0,
-             suggest: '',
-             format: 'json',
-             origin: '*',
-             search: query
-           });
-           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
-             if (result && result.error) {
-               throw new Error(result.error);
-             } else if (!result || result.length < 2) {
-               throw new Error('No Results');
-             }
+               var x = {};
+               if (modified.length) x.modified = modified;
+               if (deleted.length) x.deleted = deleted;
+               if (i.imageryUsed) x.imageryUsed = i.imageryUsed;
+               if (i.photoOverlaysUsed) x.photoOverlaysUsed = i.photoOverlaysUsed;
+               if (i.annotation) x.annotation = i.annotation;
+               if (i.transform) x.transform = i.transform;
+               if (i.selectedIDs) x.selectedIDs = i.selectedIDs;
+               return x;
+             });
 
-             if (callback) callback(null, result[1] || []);
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             if (callback) callback(err.message, []);
-           });
-         },
-         translations: function translations(lang, title, callback) {
-           if (!title) {
-             if (callback) callback('No Title');
-             return;
-           }
+             return JSON.stringify({
+               version: 3,
+               entities: Object.values(allEntities),
+               baseEntities: Object.values(baseEntities),
+               stack: s,
+               nextIDs: osmEntity.id.next,
+               index: _index,
+               // note the time the changes were saved
+               timestamp: new Date().getTime()
+             });
+           },
+           fromJSON: function fromJSON(json, loadChildNodes) {
+             var h = JSON.parse(json);
+             var loadComplete = true;
+             osmEntity.id.next = h.nextIDs;
+             _index = h.index;
 
-           var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) + utilQsString({
-             action: 'query',
-             prop: 'langlinks',
-             format: 'json',
-             origin: '*',
-             lllimit: 500,
-             titles: title
-           });
-           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
-             if (result && result.error) {
-               throw new Error(result.error);
-             } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.pages) {
-               throw new Error('No Results');
-             }
+             if (h.version === 2 || h.version === 3) {
+               var allEntities = {};
+               h.entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+                 allEntities[osmEntity.key(entity)] = osmEntity(entity);
+               });
 
-             if (callback) {
-               var list = result.query.pages[Object.keys(result.query.pages)[0]];
-               var translations = {};
+               if (h.version === 3) {
+                 // This merges originals for changed entities into the base of
+                 // the _stack even if the current _stack doesn't have them (for
+                 // example when iD has been restarted in a different region)
+                 var baseEntities = h.baseEntities.map(function (d) {
+                   return osmEntity(d);
+                 });
 
-               if (list && list.langlinks) {
-                 list.langlinks.forEach(function (d) {
-                   translations[d.lang] = d['*'];
+                 var stack = _stack.map(function (state) {
+                   return state.graph;
                  });
-               }
 
-               callback(null, translations);
-             }
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             if (callback) callback(err.message);
-           });
-         }
-       };
+                 _stack[0].graph.rebase(baseEntities, stack, true);
 
-       var services = {
-         geocoder: serviceNominatim,
-         keepRight: serviceKeepRight,
-         improveOSM: serviceImproveOSM,
-         osmose: serviceOsmose,
-         mapillary: serviceMapillary,
-         openstreetcam: serviceOpenstreetcam,
-         osm: serviceOsm,
-         osmWikibase: serviceOsmWikibase,
-         maprules: serviceMapRules,
-         streetside: serviceStreetside,
-         taginfo: serviceTaginfo,
-         vectorTile: serviceVectorTile,
-         wikidata: serviceWikidata,
-         wikipedia: serviceWikipedia
-       };
+                 _tree.rebase(baseEntities, true); // When we restore a modified way, we also need to fetch any missing
+                 // childnodes that would normally have been downloaded with it.. #2142
 
-       function svgIcon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
-         return function drawIcon(selection) {
-           selection.selectAll('svg.icon' + (svgklass ? '.' + svgklass.split(' ')[0] : '')).data([0]).enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'icon ' + (svgklass || '')).append('use').attr('xlink:href', name).attr('class', useklass);
-         };
-       }
 
-       function uiNoteComments() {
-         var _note;
+                 if (loadChildNodes) {
+                   var osm = context.connection();
+                   var baseWays = baseEntities.filter(function (e) {
+                     return e.type === 'way';
+                   });
+                   var nodeIDs = baseWays.reduce(function (acc, way) {
+                     return utilArrayUnion(acc, way.nodes);
+                   }, []);
+                   var missing = nodeIDs.filter(function (n) {
+                     return !_stack[0].graph.hasEntity(n);
+                   });
 
-         function noteComments(selection) {
-           if (_note.isNew()) return; // don't draw .comments-container
+                   if (missing.length && osm) {
+                     loadComplete = false;
+                     context.map().redrawEnable(false);
+                     var loading = uiLoading(context).blocking(true);
+                     context.container().call(loading);
 
-           var comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container').data([0]);
-           comments = comments.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comments-container').merge(comments);
-           var commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment').data(_note.comments).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comment');
-           commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'comment-avatar user-' + d.uid;
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));
-           var mainEnter = commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-main');
-           var metadataEnter = mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-metadata');
-           metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-author').each(function (d) {
-             var selection = select(this);
-             var osm = services.osm;
+                     var childNodesLoaded = function childNodesLoaded(err, result) {
+                       if (!err) {
+                         var visibleGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(result.data, 'visible');
+                         var visibles = visibleGroups["true"] || []; // alive nodes
 
-             if (osm && d.user) {
-               selection = selection.append('a').attr('class', 'comment-author-link').attr('href', osm.userURL(d.user)).attr('target', '_blank');
-             }
+                         var invisibles = visibleGroups["false"] || []; // deleted nodes
 
-             selection.html(function (d) {
-               return d.user || _t.html('note.anonymous');
-             });
-           });
-           metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-date').html(function (d) {
-             return _t('note.status.' + d.action, {
-               when: localeDateString(d.date)
-             });
-           });
-           mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-text').html(function (d) {
-             return d.html;
-           }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener nofollow').attr('target', '_blank');
-           comments.call(replaceAvatars);
-         }
+                         if (visibles.length) {
+                           var visibleIDs = visibles.map(function (entity) {
+                             return entity.id;
+                           });
 
-         function replaceAvatars(selection) {
-           var showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
-           var osm = services.osm;
-           if (showThirdPartyIcons !== 'true' || !osm) return;
-           var uids = {}; // gather uids in the comment thread
+                           var stack = _stack.map(function (state) {
+                             return state.graph;
+                           });
 
-           _note.comments.forEach(function (d) {
-             if (d.uid) uids[d.uid] = true;
-           });
+                           missing = utilArrayDifference(missing, visibleIDs);
 
-           Object.keys(uids).forEach(function (uid) {
-             osm.loadUser(uid, function (err, user) {
-               if (!user || !user.image_url) return;
-               selection.selectAll('.comment-avatar.user-' + uid).html('').append('img').attr('class', 'icon comment-avatar-icon').attr('src', user.image_url).attr('alt', user.display_name);
-             });
-           });
-         }
+                           _stack[0].graph.rebase(visibles, stack, true);
 
-         function localeDateString(s) {
-           if (!s) return null;
-           var options = {
-             day: 'numeric',
-             month: 'short',
-             year: 'numeric'
-           };
-           s = s.replace(/-/g, '/'); // fix browser-specific Date() issues
+                           _tree.rebase(visibles, true);
+                         } // fetch older versions of nodes that were deleted..
 
-           var d = new Date(s);
-           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-           return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-         }
 
-         noteComments.note = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
-           _note = val;
-           return noteComments;
-         };
+                         invisibles.forEach(function (entity) {
+                           osm.loadEntityVersion(entity.id, +entity.version - 1, childNodesLoaded);
+                         });
+                       }
 
-         return noteComments;
-       }
+                       if (err || !missing.length) {
+                         loading.close();
+                         context.map().redrawEnable(true);
+                         dispatch.call('change');
+                         dispatch.call('restore', this);
+                       }
+                     };
 
-       function uiNoteHeader() {
-         var _note;
+                     osm.loadMultiple(missing, childNodesLoaded);
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-         function noteHeader(selection) {
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.note-header').data(_note ? [_note] : [], function (d) {
-             return d.status + d.id;
-           });
-           header.exit().remove();
-           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'note-header');
-           var iconEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'note-header-icon ' + d.status;
-           }).classed('new', function (d) {
-             return d.id < 0;
-           });
-           iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon-28').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-note', 'note-fill'));
-           iconEnter.each(function (d) {
-             var statusIcon = '#iD-icon-' + (d.id < 0 ? 'plus' : d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'apply');
-             iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'note-icon-annotation').call(svgIcon(statusIcon, 'icon-annotation'));
-           });
-           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'note-header-label').html(function (d) {
-             if (_note.isNew()) {
-               return _t('note.new');
-             }
+               _stack = h.stack.map(function (d) {
+                 var entities = {},
+                     entity;
 
-             return _t('note.note') + ' ' + d.id + ' ' + (d.status === 'closed' ? _t('note.closed') : '');
-           });
-         }
+                 if (d.modified) {
+                   d.modified.forEach(function (key) {
+                     entity = allEntities[key];
+                     entities[entity.id] = entity;
+                   });
+                 }
 
-         noteHeader.note = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
-           _note = val;
-           return noteHeader;
-         };
+                 if (d.deleted) {
+                   d.deleted.forEach(function (id) {
+                     entities[id] = undefined;
+                   });
+                 }
 
-         return noteHeader;
-       }
+                 return {
+                   graph: coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities),
+                   annotation: d.annotation,
+                   imageryUsed: d.imageryUsed,
+                   photoOverlaysUsed: d.photoOverlaysUsed,
+                   transform: d.transform,
+                   selectedIDs: d.selectedIDs
+                 };
+               });
+             } else {
+               // original version
+               _stack = h.stack.map(function (d) {
+                 var entities = {};
 
-       function uiNoteReport() {
-         var _note;
+                 for (var i in d.entities) {
+                   var entity = d.entities[i];
+                   entities[i] = entity === 'undefined' ? undefined : osmEntity(entity);
+                 }
 
-         function noteReport(selection) {
-           var url;
+                 d.graph = coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities);
+                 return d;
+               });
+             }
 
-           if (services.osm && _note instanceof osmNote && !_note.isNew()) {
-             url = services.osm.noteReportURL(_note);
-           }
+             var transform = _stack[_index].transform;
 
-           var link = selection.selectAll('.note-report').data(url ? [url] : []); // exit
+             if (transform) {
+               context.map().transformEase(transform, 0); // 0 = immediate, no easing
+             }
 
-           link.exit().remove(); // enter
+             if (loadComplete) {
+               dispatch.call('change');
+               dispatch.call('restore', this);
+             }
 
-           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'note-report').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function (d) {
-             return d;
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
-           linkEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('note.report'));
-         }
+             return history;
+           },
+           lock: function lock() {
+             return _lock.lock();
+           },
+           unlock: function unlock() {
+             _lock.unlock();
+           },
+           save: function save() {
+             if (_lock.locked() && // don't overwrite existing, unresolved changes
+             !_hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges) {
+               var success = corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), history.toJSON() || null);
+               if (!success) dispatch.call('storage_error');
+             }
 
-         noteReport.note = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
-           _note = val;
-           return noteReport;
-         };
+             return history;
+           },
+           // delete the history version saved in localStorage
+           clearSaved: function clearSaved() {
+             context.debouncedSave.cancel();
 
-         return noteReport;
-       }
+             if (_lock.locked()) {
+               _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
+               corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), null); // clear the changeset metadata associated with the saved history
 
-       function uiViewOnOSM(context) {
-         var _what; // an osmEntity or osmNote
+               corePreferences('comment', null);
+               corePreferences('hashtags', null);
+               corePreferences('source', null);
+             }
 
+             return history;
+           },
+           savedHistoryJSON: function savedHistoryJSON() {
+             return corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));
+           },
+           hasRestorableChanges: function hasRestorableChanges() {
+             return _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges;
+           },
+           // load history from a version stored in localStorage
+           restore: function restore() {
+             if (_lock.locked()) {
+               _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
+               var json = this.savedHistoryJSON();
+               if (json) history.fromJSON(json, true);
+             }
+           },
+           _getKey: getKey
+         };
+         history.reset();
+         return utilRebind(history, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-         function viewOnOSM(selection) {
-           var url;
+       /**
+        * Look for roads that can be connected to other roads with a short extension
+        */
 
-           if (_what instanceof osmEntity) {
-             url = context.connection().entityURL(_what);
-           } else if (_what instanceof osmNote) {
-             url = context.connection().noteURL(_what);
-           }
+       function validationAlmostJunction(context) {
+         var type = 'almost_junction';
+         var EXTEND_TH_METERS = 5;
+         var WELD_TH_METERS = 0.75; // Comes from considering bounding case of parallel ways
 
-           var data = !_what || _what.isNew() ? [] : [_what];
-           var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osm').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+         var CLOSE_NODE_TH = EXTEND_TH_METERS - WELD_TH_METERS; // Comes from considering bounding case of perpendicular ways
 
-           link.exit().remove(); // enter
+         var SIG_ANGLE_TH = Math.atan(WELD_TH_METERS / EXTEND_TH_METERS);
 
-           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'view-on-osm').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', url).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
-           linkEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('inspector.view_on_osm'));
+         function isHighway(entity) {
+           return entity.type === 'way' && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
          }
 
-         viewOnOSM.what = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _what;
-           _what = _;
-           return viewOnOSM;
-         };
+         function isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) {
+           return node.tags.noexit === 'yes' || node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance' || node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no';
+         }
 
-         return viewOnOSM;
-       }
+         var validation = function checkAlmostJunction(entity, graph) {
+           if (!isHighway(entity)) return [];
+           if (entity.isDegenerate()) return [];
+           var tree = context.history().tree();
+           var extendableNodeInfos = findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(entity);
+           var issues = [];
+           extendableNodeInfos.forEach(function (extendableNodeInfo) {
+             issues.push(new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'highway-highway',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity1 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
 
-       function uiNoteEditor(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var noteComments = uiNoteComments();
-         var noteHeader = uiNoteHeader(); // var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
+                 if (this.entityIds[0] === this.entityIds[2]) {
+                   return entity1 ? _t.html('issues.almost_junction.self.message', {
+                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph())
+                   }) : '';
+                 } else {
+                   var entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[2]);
+                   return entity1 && entity2 ? _t.html('issues.almost_junction.message', {
+                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph()),
+                     feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
+                   }) : '';
+                 }
+               },
+               reference: showReference,
+               entityIds: [entity.id, extendableNodeInfo.node.id, extendableNodeInfo.wid],
+               loc: extendableNodeInfo.node.loc,
+               hash: JSON.stringify(extendableNodeInfo.node.loc),
+               data: {
+                 midId: extendableNodeInfo.mid.id,
+                 edge: extendableNodeInfo.edge,
+                 cross_loc: extendableNodeInfo.cross_loc
+               },
+               dynamicFixes: makeFixes
+             }));
+           });
+           return issues;
 
-         var _note;
+           function makeFixes(context) {
+             var fixes = [new validationIssueFix({
+               icon: 'iD-icon-abutment',
+               title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_features.title'),
+               onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                 var annotation = _t('issues.fix.connect_almost_junction.annotation');
 
-         var _newNote; // var _fieldsArr;
+                 var _this$issue$entityIds = _slicedToArray(this.issue.entityIds, 3),
+                     endNodeId = _this$issue$entityIds[1],
+                     crossWayId = _this$issue$entityIds[2];
 
+                 var midNode = context.entity(this.issue.data.midId);
+                 var endNode = context.entity(endNodeId);
+                 var crossWay = context.entity(crossWayId); // When endpoints are close, just join if resulting small change in angle (#7201)
 
-         function noteEditor(selection) {
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
-           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('note.title'));
-           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
-           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
-           var editor = body.selectAll('.note-editor').data([0]);
-           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section note-editor').merge(editor).call(noteHeader.note(_note)).call(noteComments.note(_note)).call(noteSaveSection);
-           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
-           footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer).call(uiViewOnOSM(context).what(_note)).call(uiNoteReport().note(_note)); // rerender the note editor on any auth change
+                 var nearEndNodes = findNearbyEndNodes(endNode, crossWay);
 
-           var osm = services.osm;
+                 if (nearEndNodes.length > 0) {
+                   var collinear = findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, endNode, nearEndNodes);
 
-           if (osm) {
-             osm.on('change.note-save', function () {
-               selection.call(noteEditor);
-             });
-           }
-         }
+                   if (collinear) {
+                     context.perform(actionMergeNodes([collinear.id, endNode.id], collinear.loc), annotation);
+                     return;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-         function noteSaveSection(selection) {
-           var isSelected = _note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID();
+                 var targetEdge = this.issue.data.edge;
+                 var crossLoc = this.issue.data.cross_loc;
+                 var edgeNodes = [context.entity(targetEdge[0]), context.entity(targetEdge[1])];
+                 var closestNodeInfo = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, crossLoc); // already a point nearby, just connect to that
 
-           var noteSave = selection.selectAll('.note-save').data(isSelected ? [_note] : [], function (d) {
-             return d.status + d.id;
-           }); // exit
+                 if (closestNodeInfo.distance < WELD_TH_METERS) {
+                   context.perform(actionMergeNodes([closestNodeInfo.node.id, endNode.id], closestNodeInfo.node.loc), annotation); // else add the end node to the edge way
+                 } else {
+                   context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
+                     loc: crossLoc,
+                     edge: targetEdge
+                   }, endNode), annotation);
+                 }
+               }
+             })];
+             var node = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
 
-           noteSave.exit().remove(); // enter
+             if (node && !node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               // node has no descriptive tags, suggest noexit fix
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'maki-barrier',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var nodeID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
+                   var tags = Object.assign({}, context.entity(nodeID).tags);
+                   tags.noexit = 'yes';
+                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(nodeID, tags), _t('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.annotation'));
+                 }
+               }));
+             }
 
-           var noteSaveEnter = noteSave.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'note-save save-section cf'); // // if new note, show categories to pick from
-           // if (_note.isNew()) {
-           //     var presets = presetManager;
-           //     // NOTE: this key isn't a age and therefore there is no documentation (yet)
-           //     _fieldsArr = [
-           //         uiField(context, presets.field('category'), null, { show: true, revert: false }),
-           //     ];
-           //     _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
-           //         field
-           //             .on('change', changeCategory);
-           //     });
-           //     noteSaveEnter
-           //         .append('div')
-           //         .attr('class', 'note-category')
-           //         .call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));
-           // }
-           // function changeCategory() {
-           //     // NOTE: perhaps there is a better way to get value
-           //     var val = context.container().select('input[name=\'category\']:checked').property('__data__') || undefined;
-           //     // store the unsaved category with the note itself
-           //     _note = _note.update({ newCategory: val });
-           //     var osm = services.osm;
-           //     if (osm) {
-           //         osm.replaceNote(_note);  // update note cache
-           //     }
-           //     noteSave
-           //         .call(noteSaveButtons);
-           // }
+             return fixes;
+           }
 
-           noteSaveEnter.append('h4').attr('class', '.note-save-header').html(function () {
-             return _note.isNew() ? _t('note.newDescription') : _t('note.newComment');
-           });
-           var commentTextarea = noteSaveEnter.append('textarea').attr('class', 'new-comment-input').attr('placeholder', _t('note.inputPlaceholder')).attr('maxlength', 1000).property('value', function (d) {
-             return d.newComment;
-           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('keydown.note-input', keydown).on('input.note-input', changeInput).on('blur.note-input', changeInput);
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.almost_junction.highway-highway.reference'));
+           }
 
-           if (!commentTextarea.empty() && _newNote) {
-             // autofocus the comment field for new notes
-             commentTextarea.node().focus();
-           } // update
+           function isExtendableCandidate(node, way) {
+             // can not accurately test vertices on tiles not downloaded from osm - #5938
+             var osm = services.osm;
 
+             if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-           noteSave = noteSaveEnter.merge(noteSave).call(userDetails).call(noteSaveButtons); // fast submit if user presses cmd+enter
+             if (isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) || graph.parentWays(node).length !== 1) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-           function keydown(d3_event) {
-             if (!(d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
-             d3_event.metaKey)) return;
-             var osm = services.osm;
-             if (!osm) return;
-             var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
-             if (!hasAuth) return;
-             if (!_note.newComment) return;
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             select(this).on('keydown.note-input', null); // focus on button and submit
+             var occurrences = 0;
 
-             window.setTimeout(function () {
-               if (_note.isNew()) {
-                 noteSave.selectAll('.save-button').node().focus();
-                 clickSave();
-               } else {
-                 noteSave.selectAll('.comment-button').node().focus();
-                 clickComment();
+             for (var index in way.nodes) {
+               if (way.nodes[index] === node.id) {
+                 occurrences += 1;
+
+                 if (occurrences > 1) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
                }
-             }, 10);
+             }
+
+             return true;
            }
 
-           function changeInput() {
-             var input = select(this);
-             var val = input.property('value').trim() || undefined; // store the unsaved comment with the note itself
+           function findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(way) {
+             var results = [];
+             if (way.isClosed()) return results;
+             var testNodes;
+             var indices = [0, way.nodes.length - 1];
+             indices.forEach(function (nodeIndex) {
+               var nodeID = way.nodes[nodeIndex];
+               var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
+               if (!isExtendableCandidate(node, way)) return;
+               var connectionInfo = canConnectByExtend(way, nodeIndex);
+               if (!connectionInfo) return;
+               testNodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-             _note = _note.update({
-               newComment: val
+               testNodes[nodeIndex] = testNodes[nodeIndex].move(connectionInfo.cross_loc); // don't flag issue if connecting the ways would cause self-intersection
+
+               if (geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, nodeID)) return;
+               results.push(connectionInfo);
              });
-             var osm = services.osm;
+             return results;
+           }
 
-             if (osm) {
-               osm.replaceNote(_note); // update note cache
-             }
+           function findNearbyEndNodes(node, way) {
+             return [way.nodes[0], way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1]].map(function (d) {
+               return graph.entity(d);
+             }).filter(function (d) {
+               // Node cannot be near to itself, but other endnode of same way could be
+               return d.id !== node.id && geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, d.loc) <= CLOSE_NODE_TH;
+             });
+           }
 
-             noteSave.call(noteSaveButtons);
+           function findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, tipNode, endNodes) {
+             // Both nodes could be close, so want to join whichever is closest to collinear
+             var joinTo;
+             var minAngle = Infinity; // Checks midNode -> tipNode -> endNode for collinearity
+
+             endNodes.forEach(function (endNode) {
+               var a1 = geoAngle(midNode, tipNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
+               var a2 = geoAngle(midNode, endNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
+               var diff = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);
+
+               if (diff < minAngle) {
+                 joinTo = endNode;
+                 minAngle = diff;
+               }
+             });
+             /* Threshold set by considering right angle triangle
+             based on node joining threshold and extension distance */
+
+             if (minAngle <= SIG_ANGLE_TH) return joinTo;
+             return null;
            }
-         }
 
-         function userDetails(selection) {
-           var detailSection = selection.selectAll('.detail-section').data([0]);
-           detailSection = detailSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'detail-section').merge(detailSection);
-           var osm = services.osm;
-           if (!osm) return; // Add warning if user is not logged in
+           function hasTag(tags, key) {
+             return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
+           }
 
-           var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
-           var authWarning = detailSection.selectAll('.auth-warning').data(hasAuth ? [] : [0]);
-           authWarning.exit().transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
-           var authEnter = authWarning.enter().insert('div', '.tag-reference-body').attr('class', 'field-warning auth-warning').style('opacity', 0);
-           authEnter.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline'));
-           authEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('note.login'));
-           authEnter.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('login')).on('click.note-login', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             osm.authenticate();
-           });
-           authEnter.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 1);
-           var prose = detailSection.selectAll('.note-save-prose').data(hasAuth ? [0] : []);
-           prose.exit().remove();
-           prose = prose.enter().append('p').attr('class', 'note-save-prose').html(_t.html('note.upload_explanation')).merge(prose);
-           osm.userDetails(function (err, user) {
-             if (err) return;
-             var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));
+           function canConnectWays(way, way2) {
+             // allow self-connections
+             if (way.id === way2.id) return true; // if one is bridge or tunnel, both must be bridge or tunnel
 
-             if (user.image_url) {
-               userLink.append('img').attr('src', user.image_url).attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
-             }
+             if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge')) && !(hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge'))) return false;
+             if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel')) && !(hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel'))) return false; // must have equivalent layers and levels
 
-             userLink.append('a').attr('class', 'user-info').html(user.display_name).attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name)).attr('target', '_blank');
-             prose.html(_t.html('note.upload_explanation_with_user', {
-               user: userLink.html()
-             }));
-           });
-         }
+             var layer1 = way.tags.layer || '0',
+                 layer2 = way2.tags.layer || '0';
+             if (layer1 !== layer2) return false;
+             var level1 = way.tags.level || '0',
+                 level2 = way2.tags.level || '0';
+             if (level1 !== level2) return false;
+             return true;
+           }
 
-         function noteSaveButtons(selection) {
-           var osm = services.osm;
-           var hasAuth = osm && osm.authenticated();
+           function canConnectByExtend(way, endNodeIdx) {
+             var tipNid = way.nodes[endNodeIdx]; // the 'tip' node for extension point
 
-           var isSelected = _note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID();
+             var midNid = endNodeIdx === 0 ? way.nodes[1] : way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 2]; // the other node of the edge
 
-           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_note] : [], function (d) {
-             return d.status + d.id;
-           }); // exit
+             var tipNode = graph.entity(tipNid);
+             var midNode = graph.entity(midNid);
+             var lon = tipNode.loc[0];
+             var lat = tipNode.loc[1];
+             var lon_range = geoMetersToLon(EXTEND_TH_METERS, lat) / 2;
+             var lat_range = geoMetersToLat(EXTEND_TH_METERS) / 2;
+             var queryExtent = geoExtent([[lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range], [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]]); // first, extend the edge of [midNode -> tipNode] by EXTEND_TH_METERS and find the "extended tip" location
 
-           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
+             var edgeLen = geoSphericalDistance(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc);
+             var t = EXTEND_TH_METERS / edgeLen + 1.0;
+             var extTipLoc = geoVecInterp(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc, t); // then, check if the extension part [tipNode.loc -> extTipLoc] intersects any other ways
 
-           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
+             var segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(queryExtent, graph);
 
-           if (_note.isNew()) {
-             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action').html(_t.html('confirm.cancel'));
-             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button save-button action').html(_t.html('note.save'));
-           } else {
-             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button status-button action');
-             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button comment-button action').html(_t.html('note.comment'));
-           } // update
+             for (var i = 0; i < segmentInfos.length; i++) {
+               var segmentInfo = segmentInfos[i];
+               var way2 = graph.entity(segmentInfo.wayId);
+               if (!isHighway(way2)) continue;
+               if (!canConnectWays(way, way2)) continue;
+               var nAid = segmentInfo.nodes[0],
+                   nBid = segmentInfo.nodes[1];
+               if (nAid === tipNid || nBid === tipNid) continue;
+               var nA = graph.entity(nAid),
+                   nB = graph.entity(nBid);
+               var crossLoc = geoLineIntersection([tipNode.loc, extTipLoc], [nA.loc, nB.loc]);
 
+               if (crossLoc) {
+                 return {
+                   mid: midNode,
+                   node: tipNode,
+                   wid: way2.id,
+                   edge: [nA.id, nB.id],
+                   cross_loc: crossLoc
+                 };
+               }
+             }
 
-           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
-           buttonSection.select('.cancel-button') // select and propagate data
-           .on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
-           buttonSection.select('.save-button') // select and propagate data
-           .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.save', clickSave);
-           buttonSection.select('.status-button') // select and propagate data
-           .attr('disabled', hasAuth ? null : true).html(function (d) {
-             var action = d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'open';
-             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
-             return _t('note.' + action + andComment);
-           }).on('click.status', clickStatus);
-           buttonSection.select('.comment-button') // select and propagate data
-           .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.comment', clickComment);
+             return null;
+           }
+         };
 
-           function isSaveDisabled(d) {
-             return hasAuth && d.status === 'open' && d.newComment ? null : true;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
+
+       function validationCloseNodes(context) {
+         var type = 'close_nodes';
+         var pointThresholdMeters = 0.2;
+
+         var validation = function validation(entity, graph) {
+           if (entity.type === 'node') {
+             return getIssuesForNode(entity);
+           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             return getIssuesForWay(entity);
            }
-         }
 
-         function clickCancel(d3_event, d) {
-           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+           return [];
 
-           var osm = services.osm;
+           function getIssuesForNode(node) {
+             var parentWays = graph.parentWays(node);
 
-           if (osm) {
-             osm.removeNote(d);
+             if (parentWays.length) {
+               return getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays);
+             } else {
+               return getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node);
+             }
            }
 
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-         }
+           function wayTypeFor(way) {
+             if (way.tags.boundary && way.tags.boundary !== 'no') return 'boundary';
+             if (way.tags.indoor && way.tags.indoor !== 'no') return 'indoor';
+             if (way.tags.building && way.tags.building !== 'no' || way.tags['building:part'] && way.tags['building:part'] !== 'no') return 'building';
+             if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) return 'path';
+             var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(way);
 
-         function clickSave(d3_event, d) {
-           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+             for (var i in parentRelations) {
+               var relation = parentRelations[i];
+               if (relation.tags.type === 'boundary') return 'boundary';
 
-           var osm = services.osm;
+               if (relation.isMultipolygon()) {
+                 if (relation.tags.indoor && relation.tags.indoor !== 'no') return 'indoor';
+                 if (relation.tags.building && relation.tags.building !== 'no' || relation.tags['building:part'] && relation.tags['building:part'] !== 'no') return 'building';
+               }
+             }
 
-           if (osm) {
-             osm.postNoteCreate(d, function (err, note) {
-               dispatch$1.call('change', note);
-             });
+             return 'other';
            }
-         }
-
-         function clickStatus(d3_event, d) {
-           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           var osm = services.osm;
+           function shouldCheckWay(way) {
+             // don't flag issues where merging would create degenerate ways
+             if (way.nodes.length <= 2 || way.isClosed() && way.nodes.length <= 4) return false;
+             var bbox = way.extent(graph).bbox();
+             var hypotenuseMeters = geoSphericalDistance([bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY]); // don't flag close nodes in very small ways
 
-           if (osm) {
-             var setStatus = d.status === 'open' ? 'closed' : 'open';
-             osm.postNoteUpdate(d, setStatus, function (err, note) {
-               dispatch$1.call('change', note);
-             });
+             if (hypotenuseMeters < 1.5) return false;
+             return true;
            }
-         }
 
-         function clickComment(d3_event, d) {
-           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+           function getIssuesForWay(way) {
+             if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) return [];
+             var issues = [],
+                 nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
 
-           var osm = services.osm;
+             for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+               var node1 = nodes[i];
+               var node2 = nodes[i + 1];
+               var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
+               if (issue) issues.push(issue);
+             }
 
-           if (osm) {
-             osm.postNoteUpdate(d, d.status, function (err, note) {
-               dispatch$1.call('change', note);
-             });
+             return issues;
            }
-         }
 
-         noteEditor.note = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
-           _note = val;
-           return noteEditor;
-         };
-
-         noteEditor.newNote = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _newNote;
-           _newNote = val;
-           return noteEditor;
-         };
+           function getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays) {
+             var issues = [];
 
-         return utilRebind(noteEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             function checkForCloseness(node1, node2, way) {
+               var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
+               if (issue) issues.push(issue);
+             }
 
-       function modeSelectNote(context, selectedNoteID) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'select-note',
-           button: 'browse'
-         };
+             for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
+               var parentWay = parentWays[i];
+               if (!shouldCheckWay(parentWay)) continue;
+               var lastIndex = parentWay.nodes.length - 1;
 
-         var _keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-note');
+               for (var j = 0; j < parentWay.nodes.length; j++) {
+                 if (j !== 0) {
+                   if (parentWay.nodes[j - 1] === node.id) {
+                     checkForCloseness(node, graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), parentWay);
+                   }
+                 }
 
-         var _noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context).on('change', function () {
-           context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+                 if (j !== lastIndex) {
+                   if (parentWay.nodes[j + 1] === node.id) {
+                     checkForCloseness(graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), node, parentWay);
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           var note = checkSelectedID();
-           if (!note) return;
-           context.ui().sidebar.show(_noteEditor.note(note));
-         });
+             return issues;
+           }
 
-         var _behaviors = [behaviorBreathe(), behaviorHover(context), behaviorSelect(context), behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
-         var _newFeature = false;
+           function thresholdMetersForWay(way) {
+             if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) return 0;
+             var wayType = wayTypeFor(way); // don't flag boundaries since they might be highly detailed and can't be easily verified
 
-         function checkSelectedID() {
-           if (!services.osm) return;
-           var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
+             if (wayType === 'boundary') return 0; // expect some features to be mapped with higher levels of detail
 
-           if (!note) {
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             if (wayType === 'indoor') return 0.01;
+             if (wayType === 'building') return 0.05;
+             if (wayType === 'path') return 0.1;
+             return 0.2;
            }
 
-           return note;
-         } // class the note as selected, or return to browse mode if the note is gone
+           function getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node) {
+             var issues = [];
+             var lon = node.loc[0];
+             var lat = node.loc[1];
+             var lon_range = geoMetersToLon(pointThresholdMeters, lat) / 2;
+             var lat_range = geoMetersToLat(pointThresholdMeters) / 2;
+             var queryExtent = geoExtent([[lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range], [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]]);
+             var intersected = context.history().tree().intersects(queryExtent, graph);
 
+             for (var j = 0; j < intersected.length; j++) {
+               var nearby = intersected[j];
+               if (nearby.id === node.id) continue;
+               if (nearby.type !== 'node' || nearby.geometry(graph) !== 'point') continue;
 
-         function selectNote(d3_event, drawn) {
-           if (!checkSelectedID()) return;
-           var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-notes .note-' + selectedNoteID);
+               if (nearby.loc === node.loc || geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, nearby.loc) < pointThresholdMeters) {
+                 // allow very close points if tags indicate the z-axis might vary
+                 var zAxisKeys = {
+                   layer: true,
+                   level: true,
+                   'addr:housenumber': true,
+                   'addr:unit': true
+                 };
+                 var zAxisDifferentiates = false;
 
-           if (selection.empty()) {
-             // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
-             // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
-             var source = d3_event && d3_event.type === 'zoom' && d3_event.sourceEvent;
+                 for (var key in zAxisKeys) {
+                   var nodeValue = node.tags[key] || '0';
+                   var nearbyValue = nearby.tags[key] || '0';
 
-             if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+                   if (nodeValue !== nearbyValue) {
+                     zAxisDifferentiates = true;
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
+
+                 if (zAxisDifferentiates) continue;
+                 issues.push(new validationIssue({
+                   type: type,
+                   subtype: 'detached',
+                   severity: 'warning',
+                   message: function message(context) {
+                     var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
+                         entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
+                     return entity && entity2 ? _t.html('issues.close_nodes.detached.message', {
+                       feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
+                       feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
+                     }) : '';
+                   },
+                   reference: showReference,
+                   entityIds: [node.id, nearby.id],
+                   dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+                     return [new validationIssueFix({
+                       icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
+                       title: _t.html('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
+                     }), new validationIssueFix({
+                       icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
+                       title: _t.html('issues.fix.use_different_layers_or_levels.title')
+                     })];
+                   }
+                 }));
+               }
+             }
+
+             return issues;
+
+             function showReference(selection) {
+               var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.detached.reference');
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(referenceText);
              }
-           } else {
-             selection.classed('selected', true);
-             context.selectedNoteID(selectedNoteID);
            }
-         }
 
-         function esc() {
-           if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-         }
+           function getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way) {
+             if (node1.id === node2.id || node1.hasInterestingTags() && node2.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               return null;
+             }
 
-         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
-           if (!services.osm) return;
-           var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
+             if (node1.loc !== node2.loc) {
+               var parentWays1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
+               var parentWays2 = new Set(graph.parentWays(node2));
+               var sharedWays = parentWays1.filter(function (parentWay) {
+                 return parentWays2.has(parentWay);
+               });
+               var thresholds = sharedWays.map(function (parentWay) {
+                 return thresholdMetersForWay(parentWay);
+               });
+               var threshold = Math.min.apply(Math, _toConsumableArray(thresholds));
+               var distance = geoSphericalDistance(node1.loc, node2.loc);
+               if (distance > threshold) return null;
+             }
 
-           if (note) {
-             context.map().centerZoomEase(note.loc, 20);
+             return new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'vertices',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.close_nodes.message', {
+                   way: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: showReference,
+               entityIds: [way.id, node1.id, node2.id],
+               loc: node1.loc,
+               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+                 return [new validationIssueFix({
+                   icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.merge_points.title'),
+                   onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                     var entityIds = this.issue.entityIds;
+                     var action = actionMergeNodes([entityIds[1], entityIds[2]]);
+                     context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.merge_close_vertices.annotation'));
+                   }
+                 }), new validationIssueFix({
+                   icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
+                 })];
+               }
+             });
+
+             function showReference(selection) {
+               var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.reference');
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(referenceText);
+             }
            }
          };
 
-         mode.newFeature = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
-           _newFeature = val;
-           return mode;
-         };
-
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           var note = checkSelectedID();
-           if (!note) return;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-           _behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+       function validationCrossingWays(context) {
+         var type = 'crossing_ways'; // returns the way or its parent relation, whichever has a useful feature type
 
-           _keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on('⎋', esc, true);
+         function getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way, graph) {
+           if (getFeatureType(way, graph) === null) {
+             // if the way doesn't match a feature type, check its parent relations
+             var parentRels = graph.parentRelations(way);
 
-           select(document).call(_keybinding);
-           selectNote();
-           var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
-           sidebar.show(_noteEditor.note(note).newNote(_newFeature)); // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the note if needed
+             for (var i = 0; i < parentRels.length; i++) {
+               var rel = parentRels[i];
 
-           sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(note.extent()));
-           context.map().on('drawn.select', selectNote);
-         };
+               if (getFeatureType(rel, graph) !== null) {
+                 return rel;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+           return way;
+         }
 
-           select(document).call(_keybinding.unbind);
-           context.surface().selectAll('.layer-notes .selected').classed('selected hover', false);
-           context.map().on('drawn.select', null);
-           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
-           context.selectedNoteID(null);
-         };
+         function hasTag(tags, key) {
+           return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
+         }
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+         function taggedAsIndoor(tags) {
+           return hasTag(tags, 'indoor') || hasTag(tags, 'level') || tags.highway === 'corridor';
+         }
 
-       function modeDragNote(context) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'drag-note',
-           button: 'browse'
-         };
-         var edit = behaviorEdit(context);
+         function allowsBridge(featureType) {
+           return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
+         }
 
-         var _nudgeInterval;
+         function allowsTunnel(featureType) {
+           return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
+         } // discard
 
-         var _lastLoc;
 
-         var _note; // most current note.. dragged note may have stale datum.
+         var ignoredBuildings = {
+           demolished: true,
+           dismantled: true,
+           proposed: true,
+           razed: true
+         };
 
+         function getFeatureType(entity, graph) {
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           if (geometry !== 'line' && geometry !== 'area') return null;
+           var tags = entity.tags;
+           if (hasTag(tags, 'building') && !ignoredBuildings[tags.building]) return 'building';
+           if (hasTag(tags, 'highway') && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[tags.highway]) return 'highway'; // don't check railway or waterway areas
 
-         function startNudge(d3_event, nudge) {
-           if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-           _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function () {
-             context.map().pan(nudge);
-             doMove(d3_event, nudge);
-           }, 50);
+           if (geometry !== 'line') return null;
+           if (hasTag(tags, 'railway') && osmRailwayTrackTagValues[tags.railway]) return 'railway';
+           if (hasTag(tags, 'waterway') && osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[tags.waterway]) return 'waterway';
+           return null;
          }
 
-         function stopNudge() {
-           if (_nudgeInterval) {
-             window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-             _nudgeInterval = null;
-           }
-         }
+         function isLegitCrossing(tags1, featureType1, tags2, featureType2) {
+           // assume 0 by default
+           var level1 = tags1.level || '0';
+           var level2 = tags2.level || '0';
 
-         function origin(note) {
-           return context.projection(note.loc);
-         }
+           if (taggedAsIndoor(tags1) && taggedAsIndoor(tags2) && level1 !== level2) {
+             // assume features don't interact if they're indoor on different levels
+             return true;
+           } // assume 0 by default; don't use way.layer() since we account for structures here
 
-         function start(d3_event, note) {
-           _note = note;
-           var osm = services.osm;
 
-           if (osm) {
-             // Get latest note from cache.. The marker may have a stale datum bound to it
-             // and dragging it around can sometimes delete the users note comment.
-             _note = osm.getNote(_note.id);
-           }
+           var layer1 = tags1.layer || '0';
+           var layer2 = tags2.layer || '0';
 
-           context.surface().selectAll('.note-' + _note.id).classed('active', true);
-           context.perform(actionNoop());
-           context.enter(mode);
-           context.selectedNoteID(_note.id);
-         }
+           if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && allowsBridge(featureType2)) {
+             if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && !hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true;
+             if (!hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true; // crossing bridges must use different layers
 
-         function move(d3_event, entity, point) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(point);
-           doMove(d3_event);
-           var nudge = geoViewportEdge(point, context.map().dimensions());
+             if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge') && layer1 !== layer2) return true;
+           } else if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'bridge')) return true;else if (allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true;
 
-           if (nudge) {
-             startNudge(d3_event, nudge);
-           } else {
-             stopNudge();
-           }
-         }
+           if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && allowsTunnel(featureType2)) {
+             if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && !hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true;
+             if (!hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true; // crossing tunnels must use different layers
 
-         function doMove(d3_event, nudge) {
-           nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
-           var currPoint = d3_event && d3_event.point || context.projection(_lastLoc);
-           var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
-           var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);
-           _note = _note.move(loc);
-           var osm = services.osm;
+             if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel') && layer1 !== layer2) return true;
+           } else if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel')) return true;else if (allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true; // don't flag crossing waterways and pier/highways
 
-           if (osm) {
-             osm.replaceNote(_note); // update note cache
-           }
 
-           context.replace(actionNoop()); // trigger redraw
-         }
+           if (featureType1 === 'waterway' && featureType2 === 'highway' && tags2.man_made === 'pier') return true;
+           if (featureType2 === 'waterway' && featureType1 === 'highway' && tags1.man_made === 'pier') return true;
 
-         function end() {
-           context.replace(actionNoop()); // trigger redraw
+           if (featureType1 === 'building' || featureType2 === 'building') {
+             // for building crossings, different layers are enough
+             if (layer1 !== layer2) return true;
+           }
 
-           context.selectedNoteID(_note.id).enter(modeSelectNote(context, _note.id));
-         }
+           return false;
+         } // highway values for which we shouldn't recommend connecting to waterways
 
-         var drag = behaviorDrag().selector('.layer-touch.markers .target.note.new').surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node()).origin(origin).on('start', start).on('move', move).on('end', end);
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           context.install(edit);
+         var highwaysDisallowingFords = {
+           motorway: true,
+           motorway_link: true,
+           trunk: true,
+           trunk_link: true,
+           primary: true,
+           primary_link: true,
+           secondary: true,
+           secondary_link: true
          };
-
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
-           context.uninstall(edit);
-           context.surface().selectAll('.active').classed('active', false);
-           stopNudge();
+         var nonCrossingHighways = {
+           track: true
          };
 
-         mode.behavior = drag;
-         return mode;
-       }
-
-       function uiDataHeader() {
-         var _datum;
+         function tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entity1, entity2, graph) {
+           var featureType1 = getFeatureType(entity1, graph);
+           var featureType2 = getFeatureType(entity2, graph);
+           var geometry1 = entity1.geometry(graph);
+           var geometry2 = entity2.geometry(graph);
+           var bothLines = geometry1 === 'line' && geometry2 === 'line';
 
-         function dataHeader(selection) {
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.data-header').data(_datum ? [_datum] : [], function (d) {
-             return d.__featurehash__;
-           });
-           header.exit().remove();
-           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'data-header');
-           var iconEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'data-header-icon');
-           iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon-28').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-data', 'note-fill'));
-           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'data-header-label').html(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.title'));
-         }
+           if (featureType1 === featureType2) {
+             if (featureType1 === 'highway') {
+               var entity1IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway];
+               var entity2IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway];
 
-         dataHeader.datum = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _datum;
-           _datum = val;
-           return this;
-         };
+               if ((entity1IsPath || entity2IsPath) && entity1IsPath !== entity2IsPath) {
+                 // one feature is a path but not both
+                 var roadFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity2 : entity1;
 
-         return dataHeader;
-       }
+                 if (nonCrossingHighways[roadFeature.tags.highway]) {
+                   // don't mark path connections with certain roads as crossings
+                   return {};
+                 }
 
-       // It is keyed on the `value` of the entry. Data should be an array of objects like:
-       //   [{
-       //       value:   'string value',  // required
-       //       display: 'label html'     // optional
-       //       title:   'hover text'     // optional
-       //       terms:   ['search terms'] // optional
-       //   }, ...]
+                 var pathFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity1 : entity2;
 
-       var _comboHideTimerID;
+                 if (['marked', 'unmarked'].indexOf(pathFeature.tags.crossing) !== -1) {
+                   // if the path is a crossing, match the crossing type
+                   return bothLines ? {
+                     highway: 'crossing',
+                     crossing: pathFeature.tags.crossing
+                   } : {};
+                 } // don't add a `crossing` subtag to ambiguous crossings
 
-       function uiCombobox(context, klass) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('accept', 'cancel');
-         var container = context.container();
-         var _suggestions = [];
-         var _data = [];
-         var _fetched = {};
-         var _selected = null;
-         var _canAutocomplete = true;
-         var _caseSensitive = false;
-         var _cancelFetch = false;
-         var _minItems = 2;
-         var _tDown = 0;
 
-         var _mouseEnterHandler, _mouseLeaveHandler;
+                 return bothLines ? {
+                   highway: 'crossing'
+                 } : {};
+               }
 
-         var _fetcher = function _fetcher(val, cb) {
-           cb(_data.filter(function (d) {
-             var terms = d.terms || [];
-             terms.push(d.value);
-             return terms.some(function (term) {
-               return term.toString().toLowerCase().indexOf(val.toLowerCase()) !== -1;
-             });
-           }));
-         };
+               return {};
+             }
 
-         var combobox = function combobox(input, attachTo) {
-           if (!input || input.empty()) return;
-           input.classed('combobox-input', true).on('focus.combo-input', focus).on('blur.combo-input', blur).on('keydown.combo-input', keydown).on('keyup.combo-input', keyup).on('input.combo-input', change).on('mousedown.combo-input', mousedown).each(function () {
-             var parent = this.parentNode;
-             var sibling = this.nextSibling;
-             select(parent).selectAll('.combobox-caret').filter(function (d) {
-               return d === input.node();
-             }).data([input.node()]).enter().insert('div', function () {
-               return sibling;
-             }).attr('class', 'combobox-caret').on('mousedown.combo-caret', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
+             if (featureType1 === 'waterway') return {};
+             if (featureType1 === 'railway') return {};
+           } else {
+             var featureTypes = [featureType1, featureType2];
 
-               input.node().focus(); // focus the input as if it was clicked
+             if (featureTypes.indexOf('highway') !== -1) {
+               if (featureTypes.indexOf('railway') !== -1) {
+                 if (!bothLines) return {};
+                 var isTram = entity1.tags.railway === 'tram' || entity2.tags.railway === 'tram';
 
-               mousedown(d3_event);
-             }).on('mouseup.combo-caret', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
+                 if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway] || osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway]) {
+                   // path-tram connections use this tag
+                   if (isTram) return {
+                     railway: 'tram_crossing'
+                   }; // other path-rail connections use this tag
 
-               mouseup(d3_event);
-             });
-           });
+                   return {
+                     railway: 'crossing'
+                   };
+                 } else {
+                   // path-tram connections use this tag
+                   if (isTram) return {
+                     railway: 'tram_level_crossing'
+                   }; // other road-rail connections use this tag
 
-           function mousedown(d3_event) {
-             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return; // left click only
+                   return {
+                     railway: 'level_crossing'
+                   };
+                 }
+               }
 
-             _tDown = +new Date(); // clear selection
+               if (featureTypes.indexOf('waterway') !== -1) {
+                 // do not allow fords on structures
+                 if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'tunnel')) return null;
+                 if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'bridge')) return null;
 
-             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
+                 if (highwaysDisallowingFords[entity1.tags.highway] || highwaysDisallowingFords[entity2.tags.highway]) {
+                   // do not allow fords on major highways
+                   return null;
+                 }
 
-             if (start !== end) {
-               var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-               input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
-               return;
+                 return bothLines ? {
+                   ford: 'yes'
+                 } : {};
+               }
              }
-
-             input.on('mouseup.combo-input', mouseup);
            }
 
-           function mouseup(d3_event) {
-             input.on('mouseup.combo-input', null);
-             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return; // left click only
+           return null;
+         }
 
-             if (input.node() !== document.activeElement) return; // exit if this input is not focused
+         function findCrossingsByWay(way1, graph, tree) {
+           var edgeCrossInfos = [];
+           if (way1.type !== 'way') return edgeCrossInfos;
+           var taggedFeature1 = getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way1, graph);
+           var way1FeatureType = getFeatureType(taggedFeature1, graph);
+           if (way1FeatureType === null) return edgeCrossInfos;
+           var checkedSingleCrossingWays = {}; // declare vars ahead of time to reduce garbage collection
 
-             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
-             if (start !== end) return; // exit if user is selecting
-             // not showing or showing for a different field - try to show it.
+           var i, j;
+           var extent;
+           var n1, n2, nA, nB, nAId, nBId;
+           var segment1, segment2;
+           var oneOnly;
+           var segmentInfos, segment2Info, way2, taggedFeature2, way2FeatureType;
+           var way1Nodes = graph.childNodes(way1);
+           var comparedWays = {};
 
-             var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
+           for (i = 0; i < way1Nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+             n1 = way1Nodes[i];
+             n2 = way1Nodes[i + 1];
+             extent = geoExtent([[Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])], [Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])]]); // Optimize by only checking overlapping segments, not every segment
+             // of overlapping ways
 
-             if (combo.empty() || combo.datum() !== input.node()) {
-               var tOrig = _tDown;
-               window.setTimeout(function () {
-                 if (tOrig !== _tDown) return; // exit if user double clicked
+             segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(extent, graph);
 
-                 fetchComboData('', function () {
-                   show();
-                   render();
-                 });
-               }, 250);
-             } else {
-               hide();
-             }
-           }
+             for (j = 0; j < segmentInfos.length; j++) {
+               segment2Info = segmentInfos[j]; // don't check for self-intersection in this validation
 
-           function focus() {
-             fetchComboData(''); // prefetch values (may warm taginfo cache)
-           }
+               if (segment2Info.wayId === way1.id) continue; // skip if this way was already checked and only one issue is needed
 
-           function blur() {
-             _comboHideTimerID = window.setTimeout(hide, 75);
-           }
+               if (checkedSingleCrossingWays[segment2Info.wayId]) continue; // mark this way as checked even if there are no crossings
 
-           function show() {
-             hide(); // remove any existing
+               comparedWays[segment2Info.wayId] = true;
+               way2 = graph.hasEntity(segment2Info.wayId);
+               if (!way2) continue;
+               taggedFeature2 = getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way2, graph); // only check crossing highway, waterway, building, and railway
 
-             container.insert('div', ':first-child').datum(input.node()).attr('class', 'combobox' + (klass ? ' combobox-' + klass : '')).style('position', 'absolute').style('display', 'block').style('left', '0px').on('mousedown.combo-container', function (d3_event) {
-               // prevent moving focus out of the input field
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-             });
-             container.on('scroll.combo-scroll', render, true);
-           }
+               way2FeatureType = getFeatureType(taggedFeature2, graph);
 
-           function hide() {
-             if (_comboHideTimerID) {
-               window.clearTimeout(_comboHideTimerID);
-               _comboHideTimerID = undefined;
-             }
+               if (way2FeatureType === null || isLegitCrossing(taggedFeature1.tags, way1FeatureType, taggedFeature2.tags, way2FeatureType)) {
+                 continue;
+               } // create only one issue for building crossings
 
-             container.selectAll('.combobox').remove();
-             container.on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
-           }
 
-           function keydown(d3_event) {
-             var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
-             var tagName = input.node() ? input.node().tagName.toLowerCase() : '';
+               oneOnly = way1FeatureType === 'building' || way2FeatureType === 'building';
+               nAId = segment2Info.nodes[0];
+               nBId = segment2Info.nodes[1];
 
-             switch (d3_event.keyCode) {
-               case 8: // ⌫ Backspace
+               if (nAId === n1.id || nAId === n2.id || nBId === n1.id || nBId === n2.id) {
+                 // n1 or n2 is a connection node; skip
+                 continue;
+               }
 
-               case 46:
-                 // ⌦ Delete
-                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
-                 _selected = null;
-                 render();
-                 input.on('input.combo-input', function () {
-                   var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-                   input.node().setSelectionRange(start, start);
-                   input.on('input.combo-input', change);
+               nA = graph.hasEntity(nAId);
+               if (!nA) continue;
+               nB = graph.hasEntity(nBId);
+               if (!nB) continue;
+               segment1 = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
+               segment2 = [nA.loc, nB.loc];
+               var point = geoLineIntersection(segment1, segment2);
+
+               if (point) {
+                 edgeCrossInfos.push({
+                   wayInfos: [{
+                     way: way1,
+                     featureType: way1FeatureType,
+                     edge: [n1.id, n2.id]
+                   }, {
+                     way: way2,
+                     featureType: way2FeatureType,
+                     edge: [nA.id, nB.id]
+                   }],
+                   crossPoint: point
                  });
-                 break;
 
-               case 9:
-                 // ⇥ Tab
-                 accept();
-                 break;
+                 if (oneOnly) {
+                   checkedSingleCrossingWays[way2.id] = true;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-               case 13:
-                 // ↩ Return
-                 d3_event.preventDefault();
-                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
-                 break;
+           return edgeCrossInfos;
+         }
 
-               case 38:
-                 // ↑ Up arrow
-                 if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) return;
-                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+         function waysToCheck(entity, graph) {
+           var featureType = getFeatureType(entity, graph);
+           if (!featureType) return [];
 
-                 if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
-                   show();
+           if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             return [entity];
+           } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
+             return entity.members.reduce(function (array, member) {
+               if (member.type === 'way' && ( // only look at geometry ways
+               !member.role || member.role === 'outer' || member.role === 'inner')) {
+                 var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id); // don't add duplicates
+
+                 if (entity && array.indexOf(entity) === -1) {
+                   array.push(entity);
                  }
+               }
 
-                 nav(-1);
-                 break;
+               return array;
+             }, []);
+           }
 
-               case 40:
-                 // ↓ Down arrow
-                 if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) return;
-                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+           return [];
+         }
+
+         var validation = function checkCrossingWays(entity, graph) {
+           var tree = context.history().tree();
+           var ways = waysToCheck(entity, graph);
+           var issues = []; // declare these here to reduce garbage collection
 
-                 if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
-                   show();
-                 }
+           var wayIndex, crossingIndex, crossings;
 
-                 nav(+1);
-                 break;
+           for (wayIndex in ways) {
+             crossings = findCrossingsByWay(ways[wayIndex], graph, tree);
+
+             for (crossingIndex in crossings) {
+               issues.push(createIssue(crossings[crossingIndex], graph));
              }
            }
 
-           function keyup(d3_event) {
-             switch (d3_event.keyCode) {
-               case 27:
-                 // ⎋ Escape
-                 cancel();
-                 break;
+           return issues;
+         };
 
-               case 13:
-                 // ↩ Return
-                 accept();
-                 break;
+         function createIssue(crossing, graph) {
+           // use the entities with the tags that define the feature type
+           crossing.wayInfos.sort(function (way1Info, way2Info) {
+             var type1 = way1Info.featureType;
+             var type2 = way2Info.featureType;
+
+             if (type1 === type2) {
+               return utilDisplayLabel(way1Info.way, graph) > utilDisplayLabel(way2Info.way, graph);
+             } else if (type1 === 'waterway') {
+               return true;
+             } else if (type2 === 'waterway') {
+               return false;
              }
-           } // Called whenever the input value is changed (e.g. on typing)
 
+             return type1 < type2;
+           });
+           var entities = crossing.wayInfos.map(function (wayInfo) {
+             return getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(wayInfo.way, graph);
+           });
+           var edges = [crossing.wayInfos[0].edge, crossing.wayInfos[1].edge];
+           var featureTypes = [crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType, crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType];
+           var connectionTags = tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entities[0], entities[1], graph);
+           var featureType1 = crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType;
+           var featureType2 = crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType;
+           var isCrossingIndoors = taggedAsIndoor(entities[0].tags) && taggedAsIndoor(entities[1].tags);
+           var isCrossingTunnels = allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'tunnel') && allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'tunnel');
+           var isCrossingBridges = allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'bridge') && allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'bridge');
+           var subtype = [featureType1, featureType2].sort().join('-');
+           var crossingTypeID = subtype;
 
-           function change() {
-             fetchComboData(value(), function () {
-               _selected = null;
-               var val = input.property('value');
+           if (isCrossingIndoors) {
+             crossingTypeID = 'indoor-indoor';
+           } else if (isCrossingTunnels) {
+             crossingTypeID = 'tunnel-tunnel';
+           } else if (isCrossingBridges) {
+             crossingTypeID = 'bridge-bridge';
+           }
 
-               if (_suggestions.length) {
-                 if (input.property('selectionEnd') === val.length) {
-                   _selected = tryAutocomplete();
-                 }
+           if (connectionTags && (isCrossingIndoors || isCrossingTunnels || isCrossingBridges)) {
+             crossingTypeID += '_connectable';
+           } // Differentiate based on the loc rounded to 4 digits, since two ways can cross multiple times.
 
-                 if (!_selected) {
-                   _selected = val;
-                 }
-               }
 
-               if (val.length) {
-                 var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
+           var uniqueID = '' + crossing.crossPoint[0].toFixed(4) + ',' + crossing.crossPoint[1].toFixed(4);
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: subtype,
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var graph = context.graph();
+               var entity1 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
+                   entity2 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
+               return entity1 && entity2 ? _t.html('issues.crossing_ways.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, graph),
+                 feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, graph)
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: entities.map(function (entity) {
+               return entity.id;
+             }),
+             data: {
+               edges: edges,
+               featureTypes: featureTypes,
+               connectionTags: connectionTags
+             },
+             hash: uniqueID,
+             loc: crossing.crossPoint,
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
+               var mode = context.mode();
+               if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select' || mode.selectedIDs().length !== 1) return [];
+               var selectedIndex = this.entityIds[0] === mode.selectedIDs()[0] ? 0 : 1;
+               var selectedFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex];
+               var otherFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex === 0 ? 1 : 0];
+               var fixes = [];
 
-                 if (combo.empty()) {
-                   show();
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 hide();
+               if (connectionTags) {
+                 fixes.push(makeConnectWaysFix(this.data.connectionTags));
                }
 
-               render();
-             });
-           } // Called when the user presses up/down arrows to navigate the list
+               if (isCrossingIndoors) {
+                 fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                   icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.use_different_levels.title')
+                 }));
+               } else if (isCrossingTunnels || isCrossingBridges || featureType1 === 'building' || featureType2 === 'building') {
+                 fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('higher'));
+                 fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('lower')); // can only add bridge/tunnel if both features are lines
+               } else if (context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[0]) === 'line' && context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[1]) === 'line') {
+                 // don't recommend adding bridges to waterways since they're uncommon
+                 if (allowsBridge(selectedFeatureType) && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway') {
+                   fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_bridge', 'temaki-bridge', 'bridge'));
+                 } // don't recommend adding tunnels under waterways since they're uncommon
 
 
-           function nav(dir) {
-             if (_suggestions.length) {
-               // try to determine previously selected index..
-               var index = -1;
+                 var skipTunnelFix = otherFeatureType === 'waterway' && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway';
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
-                 if (_selected && _suggestions[i].value === _selected) {
-                   index = i;
-                   break;
+                 if (allowsTunnel(selectedFeatureType) && !skipTunnelFix) {
+                   fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_tunnel', 'temaki-tunnel', 'tunnel'));
                  }
-               } // pick new _selected
+               } // repositioning the features is always an option
 
 
-               index = Math.max(Math.min(index + dir, _suggestions.length - 1), 0);
-               _selected = _suggestions[index].value;
-               input.property('value', _selected);
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-move',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.reposition_features.title')
+               }));
+               return fixes;
              }
+           });
 
-             render();
-             ensureVisible();
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.crossing_ways.' + crossingTypeID + '.reference'));
            }
+         }
 
-           function ensureVisible() {
-             var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
-             if (combo.empty()) return;
-             var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-             var comboRect = combo.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+         function makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix(fixTitleID, iconName, bridgeOrTunnel) {
+           return new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: iconName,
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
+             onClick: function onClick(context) {
+               var mode = context.mode();
+               if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
+               if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) return;
+               var selectedWayID = selectedIDs[0];
+               if (!context.hasEntity(selectedWayID)) return;
+               var resultWayIDs = [selectedWayID];
+               var edge, crossedEdge, crossedWayID;
 
-             if (comboRect.bottom > containerRect.bottom) {
-               var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
-               node.scrollIntoView({
-                 behavior: 'instant',
-                 block: 'center'
-               });
-               render();
-             } // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11039885/scrollintoview-causing-the-whole-page-to-move
+               if (this.issue.entityIds[0] === selectedWayID) {
+                 edge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
+                 crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
+                 crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
+               } else {
+                 edge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
+                 crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
+                 crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+               }
 
+               var crossingLoc = this.issue.loc;
+               var projection = context.projection;
 
-             var selected = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option.selected').node();
+               var action = function actionAddStructure(graph) {
+                 var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];
+                 var crossedWay = graph.hasEntity(crossedWayID); // use the explicit width of the crossed feature as the structure length, if available
 
-             if (selected) {
-               selected.scrollIntoView({
-                 behavior: 'smooth',
-                 block: 'nearest'
-               });
-             }
-           }
+                 var structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.tags.width && parseFloat(crossedWay.tags.width);
 
-           function value() {
-             var value = input.property('value');
-             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
+                 if (!structLengthMeters) {
+                   // if no explicit width is set, approximate the width based on the tags
+                   structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.impliedLineWidthMeters();
+                 }
 
-             if (start && end) {
-               value = value.substring(0, start);
-             }
+                 if (structLengthMeters) {
+                   if (getFeatureType(crossedWay, graph) === 'railway') {
+                     // bridges over railways are generally much longer than the rail bed itself, compensate
+                     structLengthMeters *= 2;
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   // should ideally never land here since all rail/water/road tags should have an implied width
+                   structLengthMeters = 8;
+                 }
 
-             return value;
-           }
+                 var a1 = geoAngle(edgeNodes[0], edgeNodes[1], projection) + Math.PI;
+                 var a2 = geoAngle(graph.entity(crossedEdge[0]), graph.entity(crossedEdge[1]), projection) + Math.PI;
+                 var crossingAngle = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);
+                 if (crossingAngle > Math.PI) crossingAngle -= Math.PI; // lengthen the structure to account for the angle of the crossing
 
-           function fetchComboData(v, cb) {
-             _cancelFetch = false;
+                 structLengthMeters = structLengthMeters / 2 / Math.sin(crossingAngle) * 2; // add padding since the structure must extend past the edges of the crossed feature
 
-             _fetcher.call(input, v, function (results) {
-               // already chose a value, don't overwrite or autocomplete it
-               if (_cancelFetch) return;
-               _suggestions = results;
-               results.forEach(function (d) {
-                 _fetched[d.value] = d;
-               });
+                 structLengthMeters += 4; // clamp the length to a reasonable range
 
-               if (cb) {
-                 cb();
-               }
-             });
-           }
+                 structLengthMeters = Math.min(Math.max(structLengthMeters, 4), 50);
 
-           function tryAutocomplete() {
-             if (!_canAutocomplete) return;
-             var val = _caseSensitive ? value() : value().toLowerCase();
-             if (!val) return; // Don't autocomplete if user is typing a number - #4935
+                 function geomToProj(geoPoint) {
+                   return [geoLonToMeters(geoPoint[0], geoPoint[1]), geoLatToMeters(geoPoint[1])];
+                 }
 
-             if (!isNaN(parseFloat(val)) && isFinite(val)) return;
-             var bestIndex = -1;
+                 function projToGeom(projPoint) {
+                   var lat = geoMetersToLat(projPoint[1]);
+                   return [geoMetersToLon(projPoint[0], lat), lat];
+                 }
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
-               var suggestion = _suggestions[i].value;
-               var compare = _caseSensitive ? suggestion : suggestion.toLowerCase(); // if search string matches suggestion exactly, pick it..
+                 var projEdgeNode1 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[0].loc);
+                 var projEdgeNode2 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[1].loc);
+                 var projectedAngle = geoVecAngle(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2);
+                 var projectedCrossingLoc = geomToProj(crossingLoc);
+                 var linearToSphericalMetersRatio = geoVecLength(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2) / geoSphericalDistance(edgeNodes[0].loc, edgeNodes[1].loc);
 
-               if (compare === val) {
-                 bestIndex = i;
-                 break; // otherwise lock in the first result that starts with the search string..
-               } else if (bestIndex === -1 && compare.indexOf(val) === 0) {
-                 bestIndex = i;
-               }
-             }
+                 function locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(angle, distanceMeters) {
+                   var lengthSphericalMeters = distanceMeters * linearToSphericalMetersRatio;
+                   return projToGeom([projectedCrossingLoc[0] + Math.cos(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters, projectedCrossingLoc[1] + Math.sin(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters]);
+                 }
 
-             if (bestIndex !== -1) {
-               var bestVal = _suggestions[bestIndex].value;
-               input.property('value', bestVal);
-               input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, bestVal.length);
-               return bestVal;
-             }
-           }
+                 var endpointLocGetter1 = function endpointLocGetter1(lengthMeters) {
+                   return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle, lengthMeters);
+                 };
 
-           function render() {
-             if (_suggestions.length < _minItems || document.activeElement !== input.node()) {
-               hide();
-               return;
-             }
+                 var endpointLocGetter2 = function endpointLocGetter2(lengthMeters) {
+                   return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle + Math.PI, lengthMeters);
+                 }; // avoid creating very short edges from splitting too close to another node
 
-             var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
-             if (!shown) return;
-             var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
-             var options = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option').data(_suggestions, function (d) {
-               return d.value;
-             });
-             options.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-             options.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'combobox-option').attr('title', function (d) {
-               return d.title;
-             }).html(function (d) {
-               return d.display || d.value;
-             }).on('mouseenter', _mouseEnterHandler).on('mouseleave', _mouseLeaveHandler).merge(options).classed('selected', function (d) {
-               return d.value === _selected;
-             }).on('click.combo-option', accept).order();
-             var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
-             var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-             var rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();
-             combo.style('left', rect.left + 5 - containerRect.left + 'px').style('width', rect.width - 10 + 'px').style('top', rect.height + rect.top - containerRect.top + 'px');
-           } // Dispatches an 'accept' event
-           // Then hides the combobox.
+                 var minEdgeLengthMeters = 0.55; // decide where to bound the structure along the way, splitting as necessary
 
+                 function determineEndpoint(edge, endNode, locGetter) {
+                   var newNode;
+                   var idealLengthMeters = structLengthMeters / 2; // distance between the crossing location and the end of the edge,
+                   // the maximum length of this side of the structure
 
-           function accept(d3_event, d) {
-             _cancelFetch = true;
-             var thiz = input.node();
+                   var crossingToEdgeEndDistance = geoSphericalDistance(crossingLoc, endNode.loc);
 
-             if (d) {
-               // user clicked on a suggestion
-               utilGetSetValue(input, d.value); // replace field contents
+                   if (crossingToEdgeEndDistance - idealLengthMeters > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
+                     // the edge is long enough to insert a new node
+                     // the loc that would result in the full expected length
+                     var idealNodeLoc = locGetter(idealLengthMeters);
+                     newNode = osmNode();
+                     graph = actionAddMidpoint({
+                       loc: idealNodeLoc,
+                       edge: edge
+                     }, newNode)(graph);
+                   } else {
+                     var edgeCount = 0;
+                     endNode.parentIntersectionWays(graph).forEach(function (way) {
+                       way.nodes.forEach(function (nodeID) {
+                         if (nodeID === endNode.id) {
+                           if (endNode.id === way.first() && endNode.id !== way.last() || endNode.id === way.last() && endNode.id !== way.first()) {
+                             edgeCount += 1;
+                           } else {
+                             edgeCount += 2;
+                           }
+                         }
+                       });
+                     });
 
-               utilTriggerEvent(input, 'change');
-             } // clear (and keep) selection
+                     if (edgeCount >= 3) {
+                       // the end node is a junction, try to leave a segment
+                       // between it and the structure - #7202
+                       var insetLength = crossingToEdgeEndDistance - minEdgeLengthMeters;
 
+                       if (insetLength > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
+                         var insetNodeLoc = locGetter(insetLength);
+                         newNode = osmNode();
+                         graph = actionAddMidpoint({
+                           loc: insetNodeLoc,
+                           edge: edge
+                         }, newNode)(graph);
+                       }
+                     }
+                   } // if the edge is too short to subdivide as desired, then
+                   // just bound the structure at the existing end node
 
-             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-             thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
-             d = _fetched[val];
-             dispatch$1.call('accept', thiz, d, val);
-             hide();
-           } // Dispatches an 'cancel' event
-           // Then hides the combobox.
 
+                   if (!newNode) newNode = endNode;
+                   var splitAction = actionSplit([newNode.id]).limitWays(resultWayIDs); // only split selected or created ways
+                   // do the split
 
-           function cancel() {
-             _cancelFetch = true;
-             var thiz = input.node(); // clear (and remove) selection, and replace field contents
+                   graph = splitAction(graph);
 
-             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
-             val = val.slice(0, start) + val.slice(end);
-             utilGetSetValue(input, val);
-             thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
-             dispatch$1.call('cancel', thiz);
-             hide();
-           }
-         };
+                   if (splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs().length) {
+                     resultWayIDs.push(splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs()[0]);
+                   }
 
-         combobox.canAutocomplete = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _canAutocomplete;
-           _canAutocomplete = val;
-           return combobox;
-         };
+                   return newNode;
+                 }
 
-         combobox.caseSensitive = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _caseSensitive;
-           _caseSensitive = val;
-           return combobox;
-         };
+                 var structEndNode1 = determineEndpoint(edge, edgeNodes[1], endpointLocGetter1);
+                 var structEndNode2 = determineEndpoint([edgeNodes[0].id, structEndNode1.id], edgeNodes[0], endpointLocGetter2);
+                 var structureWay = resultWayIDs.map(function (id) {
+                   return graph.entity(id);
+                 }).find(function (way) {
+                   return way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode1.id) !== -1 && way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode2.id) !== -1;
+                 });
+                 var tags = Object.assign({}, structureWay.tags); // copy tags
 
-         combobox.data = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _data;
-           _data = val;
-           return combobox;
-         };
+                 if (bridgeOrTunnel === 'bridge') {
+                   tags.bridge = 'yes';
+                   tags.layer = '1';
+                 } else {
+                   var tunnelValue = 'yes';
 
-         combobox.fetcher = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _fetcher;
-           _fetcher = val;
-           return combobox;
-         };
+                   if (getFeatureType(structureWay, graph) === 'waterway') {
+                     // use `tunnel=culvert` for waterways by default
+                     tunnelValue = 'culvert';
+                   }
 
-         combobox.minItems = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _minItems;
-           _minItems = val;
-           return combobox;
-         };
+                   tags.tunnel = tunnelValue;
+                   tags.layer = '-1';
+                 } // apply the structure tags to the way
 
-         combobox.itemsMouseEnter = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _mouseEnterHandler;
-           _mouseEnterHandler = val;
-           return combobox;
-         };
 
-         combobox.itemsMouseLeave = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _mouseLeaveHandler;
-           _mouseLeaveHandler = val;
-           return combobox;
-         };
+                 graph = actionChangeTags(structureWay.id, tags)(graph);
+                 return graph;
+               };
 
-         return utilRebind(combobox, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+               context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.annotation'));
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultWayIDs));
+             }
+           });
+         }
+
+         function makeConnectWaysFix(connectionTags) {
+           var fixTitleID = 'connect_features';
+
+           if (connectionTags.ford) {
+             fixTitleID = 'connect_using_ford';
+           }
+
+           return new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: 'iD-icon-crossing',
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
+             onClick: function onClick(context) {
+               var loc = this.issue.loc;
+               var connectionTags = this.issue.data.connectionTags;
+               var edges = this.issue.data.edges;
+               context.perform(function actionConnectCrossingWays(graph) {
+                 // create the new node for the points
+                 var node = osmNode({
+                   loc: loc,
+                   tags: connectionTags
+                 });
+                 graph = graph.replace(node);
+                 var nodesToMerge = [node.id];
+                 var mergeThresholdInMeters = 0.75;
+                 edges.forEach(function (edge) {
+                   var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];
+                   var nearby = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, loc); // if there is already a suitable node nearby, use that
+                   // use the node if node has no interesting tags or if it is a crossing node #8326
+
+                   if ((!nearby.node.hasInterestingTags() || nearby.node.isCrossing()) && nearby.distance < mergeThresholdInMeters) {
+                     nodesToMerge.push(nearby.node.id); // else add the new node to the way
+                   } else {
+                     graph = actionAddMidpoint({
+                       loc: loc,
+                       edge: edge
+                     }, node)(graph);
+                   }
+                 });
+
+                 if (nodesToMerge.length > 1) {
+                   // if we're using nearby nodes, merge them with the new node
+                   graph = actionMergeNodes(nodesToMerge, loc)(graph);
+                 }
+
+                 return graph;
+               }, _t('issues.fix.connect_crossing_features.annotation'));
+             }
+           });
+         }
+
+         function makeChangeLayerFix(higherOrLower) {
+           return new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: 'iD-icon-' + (higherOrLower === 'higher' ? 'up' : 'down'),
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.tag_this_as_' + higherOrLower + '.title'),
+             onClick: function onClick(context) {
+               var mode = context.mode();
+               if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
+               if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) return;
+               var selectedID = selectedIDs[0];
+               if (!this.issue.entityIds.some(function (entityId) {
+                 return entityId === selectedID;
+               })) return;
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedID);
+               if (!entity) return;
+               var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-       uiCombobox.off = function (input, context) {
-         input.on('focus.combo-input', null).on('blur.combo-input', null).on('keydown.combo-input', null).on('keyup.combo-input', null).on('input.combo-input', null).on('mousedown.combo-input', null).on('mouseup.combo-input', null);
-         context.container().on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
-       };
+               var layer = tags.layer && Number(tags.layer);
 
-       // hide class, which sets display=none, and a d3 transition for opacity.
-       // this will cause blinking when called repeatedly, so check that the
-       // value actually changes between calls.
+               if (layer && !isNaN(layer)) {
+                 if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
+                   layer += 1;
+                 } else {
+                   layer -= 1;
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
+                   layer = 1;
+                 } else {
+                   layer = -1;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function uiToggle(show, callback) {
-         return function (selection) {
-           selection.style('opacity', show ? 0 : 1).classed('hide', false).transition().style('opacity', show ? 1 : 0).on('end', function () {
-             select(this).classed('hide', !show).style('opacity', null);
-             if (callback) callback.apply(this);
+               tags.layer = layer.toString();
+               context.perform(actionChangeTags(entity.id, tags), _t('operations.change_tags.annotation'));
+             }
            });
-         };
-       }
+         }
 
-       function uiDisclosure(context, key, expandedDefault) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('toggled');
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-         var _expanded;
+       function behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph) {
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('drawWay');
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('rejectedSelfIntersection');
+         var behavior = behaviorDraw(context); // Must be set by `drawWay.nodeIndex` before each install of this behavior.
 
-         var _label = utilFunctor('');
+         var _nodeIndex;
 
-         var _updatePreference = true;
+         var _origWay;
 
-         var _content = function _content() {};
+         var _wayGeometry;
 
-         var disclosure = function disclosure(selection) {
-           if (_expanded === undefined || _expanded === null) {
-             // loading _expanded here allows it to be reset by calling `disclosure.expanded(null)`
-             var preference = corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded');
-             _expanded = preference === null ? !!expandedDefault : preference === 'true';
-           }
+         var _headNodeID;
 
-           var hideToggle = selection.selectAll('.hide-toggle-' + key).data([0]); // enter
+         var _annotation;
 
-           var hideToggleEnter = hideToggle.enter().append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'hide-toggle hide-toggle-' + key).call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text', 'hide-toggle-icon'));
-           hideToggleEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'hide-toggle-text'); // update
+         var _pointerHasMoved = false; // The osmNode to be placed.
+         // This is temporary and just follows the mouse cursor until an "add" event occurs.
 
-           hideToggle = hideToggleEnter.merge(hideToggle);
-           hideToggle.on('click', toggle).classed('expanded', _expanded);
-           hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-text').html(_label());
-           hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon').attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down' : _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward');
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.disclosure-wrap').data([0]); // enter/update
+         var _drawNode;
 
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'disclosure-wrap disclosure-wrap-' + key).merge(wrap).classed('hide', !_expanded);
+         var _didResolveTempEdit = false;
 
-           if (_expanded) {
-             wrap.call(_content);
-           }
+         function createDrawNode(loc) {
+           // don't make the draw node until we actually need it
+           _drawNode = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           context.replace(function actionAddDrawNode(graph) {
+             // add the draw node to the graph and insert it into the way
+             var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+             return graph.replace(_drawNode).replace(way.addNode(_drawNode.id, _nodeIndex));
+           }, _annotation);
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           setActiveElements();
+         }
 
-           function toggle(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             _expanded = !_expanded;
+         function removeDrawNode() {
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           context.replace(function actionDeleteDrawNode(graph) {
+             var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+             return graph.replace(way.removeNode(_drawNode.id)).remove(_drawNode);
+           }, _annotation);
+           _drawNode = undefined;
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+         }
 
-             if (_updatePreference) {
-               corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded', _expanded);
+         function keydown(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
+               context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', true);
              }
 
-             hideToggle.classed('expanded', _expanded);
-             hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon').attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down' : _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward');
-             wrap.call(uiToggle(_expanded));
+             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-disabled', true);
+           }
+         }
 
-             if (_expanded) {
-               wrap.call(_content);
+         function keyup(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
+               context.surface().classed('nope', true);
              }
 
-             dispatch$1.call('toggled', this, _expanded);
+             context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false);
            }
-         };
-
-         disclosure.label = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
-           _label = utilFunctor(val);
-           return disclosure;
-         };
-
-         disclosure.expanded = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _expanded;
-           _expanded = val;
-           return disclosure;
-         };
-
-         disclosure.updatePreference = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _updatePreference;
-           _updatePreference = val;
-           return disclosure;
-         };
-
-         disclosure.content = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _content;
-           _content = val;
-           return disclosure;
-         };
+         }
 
-         return utilRebind(disclosure, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         function allowsVertex(d) {
+           return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
+         } // related code
+         // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
+         // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
+         // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
 
-       // Can be labeled and collapsible.
 
-       function uiSection(id, context) {
-         var _classes = utilFunctor('');
+         function move(d3_event, datum) {
+           var loc = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
+           if (!_drawNode) createDrawNode(loc);
+           context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', d3_event.altKey);
+           var targetLoc = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity && allowsVertex(datum.properties.entity) && datum.properties.entity.loc;
+           var targetNodes = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.nodes;
 
-         var _shouldDisplay;
+           if (targetLoc) {
+             // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
+             loc = targetLoc;
+           } else if (targetNodes) {
+             // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
+             var choice = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, _drawNode.id);
 
-         var _content;
+             if (choice) {
+               loc = choice.loc;
+             }
+           }
 
-         var _disclosure;
+           context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
+           _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
+           checkGeometry(true
+           /* includeDrawNode */
+           );
+         } // Check whether this edit causes the geometry to break.
+         // If so, class the surface with a nope cursor.
+         // `includeDrawNode` - Only check the relevant line segments if finishing drawing
 
-         var _label;
 
-         var _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(true);
+         function checkGeometry(includeDrawNode) {
+           var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
+           var isInvalid = isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode);
 
-         var _disclosureContent;
+           if (nopeDisabled) {
+             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
+           } else {
+             context.surface().classed('nope', isInvalid).classed('nope-suppressed', false);
+           }
+         }
 
-         var _disclosureExpanded;
+         function isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode) {
+           var testNode = _drawNode; // we only need to test the single way we're drawing
 
-         var _containerSelection = select(null);
+           var parentWay = context.graph().entity(wayID);
+           var nodes = context.graph().childNodes(parentWay).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-         var section = {
-           id: id
-         };
+           if (includeDrawNode) {
+             if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
+               // don't test the last segment for closed ways - #4655
+               // (still test the first segment)
+               nodes.pop();
+             }
+           } else {
+             // discount the draw node
+             if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
+               if (nodes.length < 3) return false;
+               if (_drawNode) nodes.splice(-2, 1);
+               testNode = nodes[nodes.length - 2];
+             } else {
+               // there's nothing we need to test if we ignore the draw node on open ways
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
 
-         section.classes = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _classes;
-           _classes = utilFunctor(val);
-           return section;
-         };
+           return testNode && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, testNode.id);
+         }
 
-         section.label = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
-           _label = utilFunctor(val);
-           return section;
-         };
+         function undone() {
+           // undoing removed the temp edit
+           _didResolveTempEdit = true;
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           var nextMode;
 
-         section.expandedByDefault = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _expandedByDefault;
-           _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(val);
-           return section;
-         };
+           if (context.graph() === startGraph) {
+             // We've undone back to the initial state before we started drawing.
+             // Just exit the draw mode without undoing whatever we did before
+             // we entered the draw mode.
+             nextMode = modeSelect(context, [wayID]);
+           } else {
+             // The `undo` only removed the temporary edit, so here we have to
+             // manually undo to actually remove the last node we added. We can't
+             // use the `undo` function since the initial "add" graph doesn't have
+             // an annotation and so cannot be undone to.
+             context.pop(1); // continue drawing
 
-         section.shouldDisplay = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _shouldDisplay;
-           _shouldDisplay = utilFunctor(val);
-           return section;
-         };
+             nextMode = mode;
+           } // clear the redo stack by adding and removing a blank edit
 
-         section.content = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _content;
-           _content = val;
-           return section;
-         };
 
-         section.disclosureContent = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _disclosureContent;
-           _disclosureContent = val;
-           return section;
-         };
+           context.perform(actionNoop());
+           context.pop(1);
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           context.enter(nextMode);
+         }
 
-         section.disclosureExpanded = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _disclosureExpanded;
-           _disclosureExpanded = val;
-           return section;
-         }; // may be called multiple times
+         function setActiveElements() {
+           if (!_drawNode) return;
+           context.surface().selectAll('.' + _drawNode.id).classed('active', true);
+         }
 
+         function resetToStartGraph() {
+           while (context.graph() !== startGraph) {
+             context.pop();
+           }
+         }
 
-         section.render = function (selection) {
-           _containerSelection = selection.selectAll('.section-' + id).data([0]);
+         var drawWay = function drawWay(surface) {
+           _drawNode = undefined;
+           _didResolveTempEdit = false;
+           _origWay = context.entity(wayID);
 
-           var sectionEnter = _containerSelection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'section section-' + id + ' ' + (_classes && _classes() || ''));
+           if (typeof _nodeIndex === 'number') {
+             _headNodeID = _origWay.nodes[_nodeIndex];
+           } else if (_origWay.isClosed()) {
+             _headNodeID = _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 2];
+           } else {
+             _headNodeID = _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 1];
+           }
 
-           _containerSelection = sectionEnter.merge(_containerSelection);
+           _wayGeometry = _origWay.geometry(context.graph());
+           _annotation = _t((_origWay.nodes.length === (_origWay.isClosed() ? 2 : 1) ? 'operations.start.annotation.' : 'operations.continue.annotation.') + _wayGeometry);
+           _pointerHasMoved = false; // Push an annotated state for undo to return back to.
+           // We must make sure to replace or remove it later.
 
-           _containerSelection.call(renderContent);
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           context.perform(actionNoop(), _annotation);
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           behavior.hover().initialNodeID(_headNodeID);
+           behavior.on('move', function () {
+             _pointerHasMoved = true;
+             move.apply(this, arguments);
+           }).on('down', function () {
+             move.apply(this, arguments);
+           }).on('downcancel', function () {
+             if (_drawNode) removeDrawNode();
+           }).on('click', drawWay.add).on('clickWay', drawWay.addWay).on('clickNode', drawWay.addNode).on('undo', context.undo).on('cancel', drawWay.cancel).on('finish', drawWay.finish);
+           select(window).on('keydown.drawWay', keydown).on('keyup.drawWay', keyup);
+           context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false).on('drawn.draw', setActiveElements);
+           setActiveElements();
+           surface.call(behavior);
+           context.history().on('undone.draw', undone);
          };
 
-         section.reRender = function () {
-           _containerSelection.call(renderContent);
-         };
+         drawWay.off = function (surface) {
+           if (!_didResolveTempEdit) {
+             // Drawing was interrupted unexpectedly.
+             // This can happen if the user changes modes,
+             // clicks geolocate button, a hashchange event occurs, etc.
+             context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+             resetToStartGraph();
+             context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           }
 
-         section.selection = function () {
-           return _containerSelection;
+           _drawNode = undefined;
+           _nodeIndex = undefined;
+           context.map().on('drawn.draw', null);
+           surface.call(behavior.off).selectAll('.active').classed('active', false);
+           surface.classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false);
+           select(window).on('keydown.drawWay', null).on('keyup.drawWay', null);
+           context.history().on('undone.draw', null);
          };
 
-         section.disclosure = function () {
-           return _disclosure;
-         }; // may be called multiple times
-
-
-         function renderContent(selection) {
-           if (_shouldDisplay) {
-             var shouldDisplay = _shouldDisplay();
-
-             selection.classed('hide', !shouldDisplay);
-
-             if (!shouldDisplay) {
-               selection.html('');
-               return;
-             }
+         function attemptAdd(d, loc, doAdd) {
+           if (_drawNode) {
+             // move the node to the final loc in case move wasn't called
+             // consistently (e.g. on touch devices)
+             context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
+             _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
+           } else {
+             createDrawNode(loc);
            }
 
-           if (_disclosureContent) {
-             if (!_disclosure) {
-               _disclosure = uiDisclosure(context, id.replace(/-/g, '_'), _expandedByDefault()).label(_label || '')
-               /*.on('toggled', function(expanded) {
-                   if (expanded) { selection.node().parentNode.scrollTop += 200; }
-               })*/
-               .content(_disclosureContent);
-             }
-
-             if (_disclosureExpanded !== undefined) {
-               _disclosure.expanded(_disclosureExpanded);
+           checkGeometry(true
+           /* includeDrawNode */
+           );
 
-               _disclosureExpanded = undefined;
+           if (d && d.properties && d.properties.nope || context.surface().classed('nope')) {
+             if (!_pointerHasMoved) {
+               // prevent the temporary draw node from appearing on touch devices
+               removeDrawNode();
              }
 
-             selection.call(_disclosure);
-             return;
+             dispatch.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
+             return; // can't click here
            }
 
-           if (_content) {
-             selection.call(_content);
-           }
-         }
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           doAdd(); // we just replaced the temporary edit with the real one
 
-         return section;
-       }
+           _didResolveTempEdit = true;
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           context.enter(mode);
+         } // Accept the current position of the drawing node
 
-       // {
-       //   key: 'string',     // required
-       //   value: 'string'    // optional
-       // }
-       //   -or-
-       // {
-       //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
-       // }
-       //
 
-       function uiTagReference(what) {
-         var wikibase = what.qid ? services.wikidata : services.osmWikibase;
-         var tagReference = {};
+         drawWay.add = function (loc, d) {
+           attemptAdd(d, loc, function () {// don't need to do anything extra
+           });
+         }; // Connect the way to an existing way
 
-         var _button = select(null);
 
-         var _body = select(null);
+         drawWay.addWay = function (loc, edge, d) {
+           attemptAdd(d, loc, function () {
+             context.replace(actionAddMidpoint({
+               loc: loc,
+               edge: edge
+             }, _drawNode), _annotation);
+           });
+         }; // Connect the way to an existing node
 
-         var _loaded;
 
-         var _showing;
+         drawWay.addNode = function (node, d) {
+           // finish drawing if the mapper targets the prior node
+           if (node.id === _headNodeID || // or the first node when drawing an area
+           _origWay.isClosed() && node.id === _origWay.first()) {
+             drawWay.finish();
+             return;
+           }
 
-         function load() {
-           if (!wikibase) return;
+           attemptAdd(d, node.loc, function () {
+             context.replace(function actionReplaceDrawNode(graph) {
+               // remove the temporary draw node and insert the existing node
+               // at the same index
+               graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(wayID).removeNode(_drawNode.id)).remove(_drawNode);
+               return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayID).addNode(node.id, _nodeIndex));
+             }, _annotation);
+           });
+         };
+         /**
+          * @param {(typeof osmWay)[]} ways
+          * @returns {"line" | "area" | "generic"}
+          */
 
-           _button.classed('tag-reference-loading', true);
 
-           wikibase.getDocs(what, gotDocs);
+         function getFeatureType(ways) {
+           if (ways.every(function (way) {
+             return way.isClosed();
+           })) return 'area';
+           if (ways.every(function (way) {
+             return !way.isClosed();
+           })) return 'line';
+           return 'generic';
          }
+         /** see PR #8671 */
 
-         function gotDocs(err, docs) {
-           _body.html('');
 
-           if (!docs || !docs.title) {
-             _body.append('p').attr('class', 'tag-reference-description').html(_t.html('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
+         function followMode() {
+           if (_didResolveTempEdit) return;
 
-             done();
-             return;
-           }
+           try {
+             // get the last 2 added nodes.
+             // check if they are both part of only oneway (the same one)
+             // check if the ways that they're part of are the same way
+             // find index of the last two nodes, to determine the direction to travel around the existing way
+             // add the next node to the way we are drawing
+             // if we're drawing an area, the first node = last node.
+             var isDrawingArea = _origWay.nodes[0] === _origWay.nodes.slice(-1)[0];
 
-           if (docs.imageURL) {
-             _body.append('img').attr('class', 'tag-reference-wiki-image').attr('src', docs.imageURL).on('load', function () {
-               done();
-             }).on('error', function () {
-               select(this).remove();
-               done();
-             });
-           } else {
-             done();
-           }
+             var _origWay$nodes$slice = _origWay.nodes.slice(isDrawingArea ? -3 : -2),
+                 _origWay$nodes$slice2 = _slicedToArray(_origWay$nodes$slice, 2),
+                 secondLastNodeId = _origWay$nodes$slice2[0],
+                 lastNodeId = _origWay$nodes$slice2[1]; // Unlike startGraph, the full history graph may contain unsaved vertices to follow.
+             // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/8749
 
-           _body.append('p').attr('class', 'tag-reference-description').html(docs.description ? _mainLocalizer.htmlForLocalizedText(docs.description, docs.descriptionLocaleCode) : _t.html('inspector.no_documentation_key')).append('a').attr('class', 'tag-reference-edit').attr('target', '_blank').attr('title', _t('inspector.edit_reference')).attr('href', docs.editURL).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-edit', 'inline'));
 
-           if (docs.wiki) {
-             _body.append('a').attr('class', 'tag-reference-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', docs.wiki.url).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html(docs.wiki.text));
-           } // Add link to info about "good changeset comments" - #2923
+             var historyGraph = context.history().graph();
 
+             if (!lastNodeId || !secondLastNodeId || !historyGraph.hasEntity(lastNodeId) || !historyGraph.hasEntity(secondLastNodeId)) {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('operations.follow.error.needs_more_initial_nodes'))();
+               return;
+             } // If the way has looped over itself, follow some other way.
 
-           if (what.key === 'comment') {
-             _body.append('a').attr('class', 'tag-reference-comment-link').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', _t('commit.about_changeset_comments_link')).append('span').html(_t.html('commit.about_changeset_comments'));
-           }
-         }
 
-         function done() {
-           _loaded = true;
+             var lastNodesParents = historyGraph.parentWays(historyGraph.entity(lastNodeId)).filter(function (w) {
+               return w.id !== wayID;
+             });
+             var secondLastNodesParents = historyGraph.parentWays(historyGraph.entity(secondLastNodeId)).filter(function (w) {
+               return w.id !== wayID;
+             });
+             var featureType = getFeatureType(lastNodesParents);
 
-           _button.classed('tag-reference-loading', false);
+             if (lastNodesParents.length !== 1 || secondLastNodesParents.length === 0) {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t("operations.follow.error.intersection_of_multiple_ways.".concat(featureType)))();
+               return;
+             } // Check if the last node's parent is also the parent of the second last node.
+             // The last node must only have one parent, but the second last node can have
+             // multiple parents.
 
-           _body.classed('expanded', true).transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '200px').style('opacity', '1');
 
-           _showing = true;
+             if (!secondLastNodesParents.some(function (n) {
+               return n.id === lastNodesParents[0].id;
+             })) {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t("operations.follow.error.intersection_of_different_ways.".concat(featureType)))();
+               return;
+             }
 
-           _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function () {
-             var iconUse = select(this);
+             var way = lastNodesParents[0];
+             var indexOfLast = way.nodes.indexOf(lastNodeId);
+             var indexOfSecondLast = way.nodes.indexOf(secondLastNodeId); // for a closed way, the first/last node is the same so it appears twice in the array,
+             // but indexOf always finds the first occurrence. This is only an issue when following a way
+             // in descending order
 
-             if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info') {
-               iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info-filled');
-             }
-           });
-         }
+             var isDescendingPastZero = indexOfLast === way.nodes.length - 2 && indexOfSecondLast === 0;
+             var nextNodeIndex = indexOfLast + (indexOfLast > indexOfSecondLast && !isDescendingPastZero ? 1 : -1); // if we're following a closed way and we pass the first/last node, the  next index will be -1
 
-         function hide() {
-           _body.transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
-             _body.classed('expanded', false);
-           });
+             if (nextNodeIndex === -1) nextNodeIndex = indexOfSecondLast === 1 ? way.nodes.length - 2 : 1;
+             var nextNode = historyGraph.entity(way.nodes[nextNodeIndex]);
+             drawWay.addNode(nextNode, {
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'Point',
+                 coordinates: nextNode.loc
+               },
+               id: nextNode.id,
+               properties: {
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: nextNode
+               }
+             });
+           } catch (ex) {
+             context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('operations.follow.error.unknown'))();
+           }
+         }
 
-           _showing = false;
+         keybinding.on(_t('operations.follow.key'), followMode);
+         select(document).call(keybinding); // Finish the draw operation, removing the temporary edit.
+         // If the way has enough nodes to be valid, it's selected.
+         // Otherwise, delete everything and return to browse mode.
 
-           _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function () {
-             var iconUse = select(this);
+         drawWay.finish = function () {
+           checkGeometry(false
+           /* includeDrawNode */
+           );
 
-             if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info-filled') {
-               iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info');
-             }
-           });
-         }
+           if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
+             dispatch.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
+             return; // can't click here
+           }
 
-         tagReference.button = function (selection, klass, iconName) {
-           _button = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-button').data([0]);
-           _button = _button.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'tag-reference-button ' + (klass || '')).attr('title', _t('icons.information')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (iconName || 'inspect'))).merge(_button);
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch(); // remove the temporary edit
 
-           _button.on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+           context.pop(1);
+           _didResolveTempEdit = true;
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           var way = context.hasEntity(wayID);
 
-             if (_showing) {
-               hide();
-             } else if (_loaded) {
-               done();
-             } else {
-               load();
-             }
-           });
-         };
+           if (!way || way.isDegenerate()) {
+             drawWay.cancel();
+             return;
+           }
 
-         tagReference.body = function (selection) {
-           var itemID = what.qid || what.key + '-' + (what.value || '');
-           _body = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-body').data([itemID], function (d) {
-             return d;
-           });
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
+           }, 1000);
+           var isNewFeature = !mode.isContinuing;
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [wayID]).newFeature(isNewFeature));
+         }; // Cancel the draw operation, delete everything, and return to browse mode.
 
-           _body.exit().remove();
 
-           _body = _body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tag-reference-body').style('max-height', '0').style('opacity', '0').merge(_body);
+         drawWay.cancel = function () {
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           resetToStartGraph();
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
+           }, 1000);
+           context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-disabled', false).classed('nope-suppressed', false);
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         };
 
-           if (_showing === false) {
-             hide();
-           }
+         drawWay.nodeIndex = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _nodeIndex;
+           _nodeIndex = val;
+           return drawWay;
          };
 
-         tagReference.showing = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _showing;
-           _showing = val;
-           return tagReference;
+         drawWay.activeID = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _drawNode && _drawNode.id; // no assign
+
+           return drawWay;
          };
 
-         return tagReference;
+         return utilRebind(drawWay, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiSectionRawTagEditor(id, context) {
-         var section = uiSection(id, context).classes('raw-tag-editor').label(function () {
-           var count = Object.keys(_tags).filter(function (d) {
-             return d;
-           }).length;
-           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
-             title: _t.html('inspector.tags'),
-             count: count
-           });
-         }).expandedByDefault(false).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
-         var taginfo = services.taginfo;
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var availableViews = [{
-           id: 'list',
-           icon: '#fas-th-list'
-         }, {
-           id: 'text',
-           icon: '#fas-i-cursor'
-         }];
+       function modeDrawLine(context, wayID, startGraph, button, affix, continuing) {
+         var mode = {
+           button: button,
+           id: 'draw-line'
+         };
+         var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph).on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawLine', function () {
+           context.ui().flash.iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('self_intersection.error.lines'))();
+         });
+         mode.wayID = wayID;
+         mode.isContinuing = continuing;
 
-         var _tagView = corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view') || 'list'; // 'list, 'text'
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           behavior.nodeIndex(affix === 'prefix' ? 0 : undefined);
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-         var _readOnlyTags = []; // the keys in the order we want them to display
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           return [wayID];
+         };
 
-         var _orderedKeys = [];
-         var _showBlank = false;
-         var _pendingChange = null;
+         mode.activeID = function () {
+           return behavior && behavior.activeID() || [];
+         };
 
-         var _state;
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-         var _presets;
+       function validationDisconnectedWay() {
+         var type = 'disconnected_way';
 
-         var _tags;
+         function isTaggedAsHighway(entity) {
+           return osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
+         }
 
-         var _entityIDs;
+         var validation = function checkDisconnectedWay(entity, graph) {
+           var routingIslandWays = routingIslandForEntity(entity);
+           if (!routingIslandWays) return [];
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'highway',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = this.entityIds.length && context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               var label = entity && utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph());
+               return _t.html('issues.disconnected_way.routable.message', {
+                 count: this.entityIds.length,
+                 highway: label
+               });
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: Array.from(routingIslandWays).map(function (way) {
+               return way.id;
+             }),
+             dynamicFixes: makeFixes
+           })];
 
-         var _didInteract = false;
+           function makeFixes(context) {
+             var fixes = [];
+             var singleEntity = this.entityIds.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
 
-         function interacted() {
-           _didInteract = true;
-         }
+             if (singleEntity) {
+               if (singleEntity.type === 'way' && !singleEntity.isClosed()) {
+                 var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
+                 var startFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.first(), 'start');
+                 if (startFix) fixes.push(startFix);
+                 var endFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.last(), 'end');
+                 if (endFix) fixes.push(endFix);
+               }
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(wrap) {
-           // remove deleted keys
-           _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function (key) {
-             return _tags[key] !== undefined;
-           }); // When switching to a different entity or changing the state (hover/select)
-           // reorder the keys alphabetically.
-           // We trigger this by emptying the `_orderedKeys` array, then it will be rebuilt here.
-           // Otherwise leave their order alone - #5857, #5927
+               if (!fixes.length) {
+                 fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_feature.title')
+                 }));
+               }
 
-           var all = Object.keys(_tags).sort();
-           var missingKeys = utilArrayDifference(all, _orderedKeys);
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
+                 entityIds: [singleEntity.id],
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
 
-           for (var i in missingKeys) {
-             _orderedKeys.push(missingKeys[i]);
-           } // assemble row data
+                   if (!operation.disabled()) {
+                     operation();
+                   }
+                 }
+               }));
+             } else {
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_features.title')
+               }));
+             }
 
+             return fixes;
+           }
 
-           var rowData = _orderedKeys.map(function (key, i) {
-             return {
-               index: i,
-               key: key,
-               value: _tags[key]
-             };
-           }); // append blank row last, if necessary
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.disconnected_way.routable.reference'));
+           }
 
+           function routingIslandForEntity(entity) {
+             var routingIsland = new Set(); // the interconnected routable features
 
-           if (!rowData.length || _showBlank) {
-             _showBlank = false;
-             rowData.push({
-               index: rowData.length,
-               key: '',
-               value: ''
-             });
-           } // View Options
+             var waysToCheck = []; // the queue of remaining routable ways to traverse
 
+             function queueParentWays(node) {
+               graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function (parentWay) {
+                 if (!routingIsland.has(parentWay) && // only check each feature once
+                 isRoutableWay(parentWay, false)) {
+                   // only check routable features
+                   routingIsland.add(parentWay);
+                   waysToCheck.push(parentWay);
+                 }
+               });
+             }
 
-           var options = wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-options').data([0]);
-           options.exit().remove();
-           var optionsEnter = options.enter().insert('div', ':first-child').attr('class', 'raw-tag-options');
-           var optionEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('.raw-tag-option').data(availableViews, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }).enter();
-           optionEnter.append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'raw-tag-option raw-tag-option-' + d.id + (_tagView === d.id ? ' selected' : '');
-           }).attr('title', function (d) {
-             return _t('icons.' + d.id);
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             _tagView = d.id;
-             corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view', d.id);
-             wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-option').classed('selected', function (datum) {
-               return datum === d;
-             });
-             wrap.selectAll('.tag-text').classed('hide', d.id !== 'text').each(setTextareaHeight);
-             wrap.selectAll('.tag-list, .add-row').classed('hide', d.id !== 'list');
-           }).each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(svgIcon(d.icon));
-           }); // View as Text
+             if (entity.type === 'way' && isRoutableWay(entity, true)) {
+               routingIsland.add(entity);
+               waysToCheck.push(entity);
+             } else if (entity.type === 'node' && isRoutableNode(entity)) {
+               routingIsland.add(entity);
+               queueParentWays(entity);
+             } else {
+               // this feature isn't routable, cannot be a routing island
+               return null;
+             }
 
-           var textData = rowsToText(rowData);
-           var textarea = wrap.selectAll('.tag-text').data([0]);
-           textarea = textarea.enter().append('textarea').attr('class', 'tag-text' + (_tagView !== 'text' ? ' hide' : '')).call(utilNoAuto).attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.key_value')).attr('spellcheck', 'false').merge(textarea);
-           textarea.call(utilGetSetValue, textData).each(setTextareaHeight).on('input', setTextareaHeight).on('focus', interacted).on('blur', textChanged).on('change', textChanged); // View as List
+             while (waysToCheck.length) {
+               var wayToCheck = waysToCheck.pop();
+               var childNodes = graph.childNodes(wayToCheck);
 
-           var list = wrap.selectAll('.tag-list').data([0]);
-           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'tag-list' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : '')).merge(list); // Container for the Add button
+               for (var i in childNodes) {
+                 var vertex = childNodes[i];
 
-           var addRowEnter = wrap.selectAll('.add-row').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'add-row' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : ''));
-           addRowEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'add-tag').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light')).on('click', addTag);
-           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-value'); // preserve space
+                 if (isConnectedVertex(vertex)) {
+                   // found a link to the wider network, not a routing island
+                   return null;
+                 }
 
-           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-buttons'); // preserve space
-           // Tag list items
+                 if (isRoutableNode(vertex)) {
+                   routingIsland.add(vertex);
+                 }
 
-           var items = list.selectAll('.tag-row').data(rowData, function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           });
-           items.exit().each(unbind).remove(); // Enter
+                 queueParentWays(vertex);
+               }
+             } // no network link found, this is a routing island, return its members
 
-           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'tag-row').classed('readonly', isReadOnly);
-           var innerWrap = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'inner-wrap');
-           innerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'key-wrap').append('input').property('type', 'text').attr('class', 'key').call(utilNoAuto).on('focus', interacted).on('blur', keyChange).on('change', keyChange);
-           innerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'value-wrap').append('input').property('type', 'text').attr('class', 'value').call(utilNoAuto).on('focus', interacted).on('blur', valueChange).on('change', valueChange).on('keydown.push-more', pushMore);
-           innerWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button remove').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete')); // Update
 
-           items = items.merge(itemsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return a.index - b.index;
-           });
-           items.each(function (d) {
-             var row = select(this);
-             var key = row.select('input.key'); // propagate bound data
+             return routingIsland;
+           }
 
-             var value = row.select('input.value'); // propagate bound data
+           function isConnectedVertex(vertex) {
+             // assume ways overlapping unloaded tiles are connected to the wider road network  - #5938
+             var osm = services.osm;
+             if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(vertex.loc)) return true; // entrances are considered connected
 
-             if (_entityIDs && taginfo && _state !== 'hover') {
-               bindTypeahead(key, value);
-             }
+             if (vertex.tags.entrance && vertex.tags.entrance !== 'no') return true;
+             if (vertex.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') return true;
+             return false;
+           }
 
-             var referenceOptions = {
-               key: d.key
-             };
+           function isRoutableNode(node) {
+             // treat elevators as distinct features in the highway network
+             if (node.tags.highway === 'elevator') return true;
+             return false;
+           }
 
-             if (typeof d.value === 'string') {
-               referenceOptions.value = d.value;
-             }
+           function isRoutableWay(way, ignoreInnerWays) {
+             if (isTaggedAsHighway(way) || way.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+             return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function (parentRelation) {
+               if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' && parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+               if (parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && isTaggedAsHighway(parentRelation) && (!ignoreInnerWays || parentRelation.memberById(way.id).role !== 'inner')) return true;
+               return false;
+             });
+           }
 
-             var reference = uiTagReference(referenceOptions);
+           function makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, vertexID, whichEnd) {
+             var vertex = graph.hasEntity(vertexID);
+             if (!vertex || vertex.tags.noexit === 'yes') return null;
+             var useLeftContinue = whichEnd === 'start' && textDirection === 'ltr' || whichEnd === 'end' && textDirection === 'rtl';
+             return new validationIssueFix({
+               icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
+               title: _t.html('issues.fix.continue_from_' + whichEnd + '.title'),
+               entityIds: [vertexID],
+               onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                 var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                 var way = context.hasEntity(wayId);
+                 var vertexId = this.entityIds[0];
+                 var vertex = context.hasEntity(vertexId);
+                 if (!way || !vertex) return; // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
 
-             if (_state === 'hover') {
-               reference.showing(false);
-             }
+                 var map = context.map();
 
-             row.select('.inner-wrap') // propagate bound data
-             .call(reference.button);
-             row.call(reference.body);
-             row.select('button.remove'); // propagate bound data
-           });
-           items.selectAll('input.key').attr('title', function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }).call(utilGetSetValue, function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }).attr('readonly', function (d) {
-             return isReadOnly(d) || typeof d.value !== 'string' || null;
-           });
-           items.selectAll('input.value').attr('title', function (d) {
-             return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : d.value;
-           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
-             return Array.isArray(d.value);
-           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
-             return typeof d.value === 'string' ? null : _t('inspector.multiple_values');
-           }).call(utilGetSetValue, function (d) {
-             return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
-           }).attr('readonly', function (d) {
-             return isReadOnly(d) || null;
-           });
-           items.selectAll('button.remove').on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'down', removeTag); // 'click' fires too late - #5878
-         }
+                 if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
+                   map.zoomToEase(vertex);
+                 }
 
-         function isReadOnly(d) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < _readOnlyTags.length; i++) {
-             if (d.key.match(_readOnlyTags[i]) !== null) {
-               return true;
-             }
+                 context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, wayId, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertexId), true));
+               }
+             });
            }
+         };
 
-           return false;
-         }
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-         function setTextareaHeight() {
-           if (_tagView !== 'text') return;
-           var selection = select(this);
-           var matches = selection.node().value.match(/\n/g);
-           var lineCount = 2 + Number(matches && matches.length);
-           var lineHeight = 20;
-           selection.style('height', lineCount * lineHeight + 'px');
-         }
+       function validationFormatting() {
+         var type = 'invalid_format';
 
-         function stringify(s) {
-           return JSON.stringify(s).slice(1, -1); // without leading/trailing "
-         }
+         var validation = function validation(entity) {
+           var issues = [];
 
-         function unstringify(s) {
-           var leading = '';
-           var trailing = '';
+           function isValidEmail(email) {
+             // Emails in OSM are going to be official so they should be pretty simple
+             // Using negated lists to better support all possible unicode characters (#6494)
+             var valid_email = /^[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]]+@[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]\.]+(?:\.[a-z0-9-]+)*$/i; // An empty value is also acceptable
 
-           if (s.length < 1 || s.charAt(0) !== '"') {
-             leading = '"';
+             return !email || valid_email.test(email);
+           }
+           /*
+           function isSchemePresent(url) {
+               var valid_scheme = /^https?:\/\//i;
+               return (!url || valid_scheme.test(url));
            }
+           */
 
-           if (s.length < 2 || s.charAt(s.length - 1) !== '"' || s.charAt(s.length - 1) === '"' && s.charAt(s.length - 2) === '\\') {
-             trailing = '"';
+
+           function showReferenceEmail(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.invalid_format.email.reference'));
+           }
+           /*
+           function showReferenceWebsite(selection) {
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
+                   .data([0])
+                   .enter()
+                   .append('div')
+                   .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
+                   .html(t.html('issues.invalid_format.website.reference'));
+           }
+            if (entity.tags.website) {
+               // Multiple websites are possible
+               // If ever we support ES6, arrow functions make this nicer
+               var websites = entity.tags.website
+                   .split(';')
+                   .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
+                   .filter(function(x) { return !isSchemePresent(x); });
+                if (websites.length) {
+                   issues.push(new validationIssue({
+                       type: type,
+                       subtype: 'website',
+                       severity: 'warning',
+                       message: function(context) {
+                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                           return entity ? t.html('issues.invalid_format.website.message' + this.data,
+                               { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()), site: websites.join(', ') }) : '';
+                       },
+                       reference: showReferenceWebsite,
+                       entityIds: [entity.id],
+                       hash: websites.join(),
+                       data: (websites.length > 1) ? '_multi' : ''
+                   }));
+               }
            }
+           */
 
-           return JSON.parse(leading + s + trailing);
-         }
 
-         function rowsToText(rows) {
-           var str = rows.filter(function (row) {
-             return row.key && row.key.trim() !== '';
-           }).map(function (row) {
-             var rawVal = row.value;
-             if (typeof rawVal !== 'string') rawVal = '*';
-             var val = rawVal ? stringify(rawVal) : '';
-             return stringify(row.key) + '=' + val;
-           }).join('\n');
+           if (entity.tags.email) {
+             // Multiple emails are possible
+             var emails = entity.tags.email.split(';').map(function (s) {
+               return s.trim();
+             }).filter(function (x) {
+               return !isValidEmail(x);
+             });
 
-           if (_state !== 'hover' && str.length) {
-             return str + '\n';
+             if (emails.length) {
+               issues.push(new validationIssue({
+                 type: type,
+                 subtype: 'email',
+                 severity: 'warning',
+                 message: function message(context) {
+                   var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                   return entity ? _t.html('issues.invalid_format.email.message' + this.data, {
+                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
+                     email: emails.join(', ')
+                   }) : '';
+                 },
+                 reference: showReferenceEmail,
+                 entityIds: [entity.id],
+                 hash: emails.join(),
+                 data: emails.length > 1 ? '_multi' : ''
+               }));
+             }
            }
 
-           return str;
-         }
+           return issues;
+         };
 
-         function textChanged() {
-           var newText = this.value.trim();
-           var newTags = {};
-           newText.split('\n').forEach(function (row) {
-             var m = row.match(/^\s*([^=]+)=(.*)$/);
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-             if (m !== null) {
-               var k = context.cleanTagKey(unstringify(m[1].trim()));
-               var v = context.cleanTagValue(unstringify(m[2].trim()));
-               newTags[k] = v;
-             }
-           });
-           var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(_tags, newTags);
-           if (!tagDiff.length) return;
-           _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
-           tagDiff.forEach(function (change) {
-             if (isReadOnly({
-               key: change.key
-             })) return; // skip unchanged multiselection placeholders
+       function validationHelpRequest(context) {
+         var type = 'help_request';
 
-             if (change.newVal === '*' && typeof change.oldVal !== 'string') return;
+         var validation = function checkFixmeTag(entity) {
+           if (!entity.tags.fixme) return []; // don't flag fixmes on features added by the user
 
-             if (change.type === '-') {
-               _pendingChange[change.key] = undefined;
-             } else if (change.type === '+') {
-               _pendingChange[change.key] = change.newVal || '';
-             }
-           });
+           if (entity.version === undefined) return [];
 
-           if (Object.keys(_pendingChange).length === 0) {
-             _pendingChange = null;
-             return;
+           if (entity.v !== undefined) {
+             var baseEntity = context.history().base().hasEntity(entity.id); // don't flag fixmes added by the user on existing features
+
+             if (!baseEntity || !baseEntity.tags.fixme) return [];
            }
 
-           scheduleChange();
-         }
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'fixme_tag',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.fixme_tag.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph(), true
+                 /* verbose */
+                 )
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.address_the_concern.title')
+               })];
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id]
+           })];
 
-         function pushMore(d3_event) {
-           // if pressing Tab on the last value field with content, add a blank row
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === 9 && !d3_event.shiftKey && section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.value').node() === this && utilGetSetValue(select(this))) {
-             addTag();
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.fixme_tag.reference'));
            }
-         }
+         };
 
-         function bindTypeahead(key, value) {
-           if (isReadOnly(key.datum())) return;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-           if (Array.isArray(value.datum().value)) {
-             value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value').minItems(1).fetcher(function (value, callback) {
-               var keyString = utilGetSetValue(key);
-               if (!_tags[keyString]) return;
+       function validationImpossibleOneway() {
+         var type = 'impossible_oneway';
 
-               var data = _tags[keyString].filter(Boolean).map(function (tagValue) {
-                 return {
-                   value: tagValue,
-                   title: tagValue
-                 };
-               });
+         var validation = function checkImpossibleOneway(entity, graph) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'line') return [];
+           if (entity.isClosed()) return [];
+           if (!typeForWay(entity)) return [];
+           if (!isOneway(entity)) return [];
+           var firstIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.first());
+           var lastIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.last());
+           return firstIssues.concat(lastIssues);
 
-               callback(data);
-             }));
-             return;
+           function typeForWay(way) {
+             if (way.geometry(graph) !== 'line') return null;
+             if (osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) return 'highway';
+             if (osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[way.tags.waterway]) return 'waterway';
+             return null;
            }
 
-           var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);
-           key.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-key').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
-             taginfo.keys({
-               debounce: true,
-               geometry: geometry,
-               query: value
-             }, function (err, data) {
-               if (!err) {
-                 var filtered = data.filter(function (d) {
-                   return _tags[d.value] === undefined;
-                 });
-                 callback(sort(value, filtered));
+           function isOneway(way) {
+             if (way.tags.oneway === 'yes') return true;
+             if (way.tags.oneway) return false;
+
+             for (var key in way.tags) {
+               if (osmOneWayTags[key] && osmOneWayTags[key][way.tags[key]]) {
+                 return true;
                }
-             });
-           }));
-           value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
-             taginfo.values({
-               debounce: true,
-               key: utilGetSetValue(key),
-               geometry: geometry,
-               query: value
-             }, function (err, data) {
-               if (!err) callback(sort(value, data));
-             });
-           }));
+             }
 
-           function sort(value, data) {
-             var sameletter = [];
-             var other = [];
+             return false;
+           }
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
-               if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
-                 sameletter.push(data[i]);
-               } else {
-                 other.push(data[i]);
+           function nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID) {
+             var occurrences = 0;
+
+             for (var index in way.nodes) {
+               if (way.nodes[index] === nodeID) {
+                 occurrences += 1;
+                 if (occurrences > 1) return true;
                }
              }
 
-             return sameletter.concat(other);
+             return false;
            }
-         }
 
-         function unbind() {
-           var row = select(this);
-           row.selectAll('input.key').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
-           row.selectAll('input.value').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
-         }
+           function isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node) {
+             var wayType = typeForWay(way);
 
-         function keyChange(d3_event, d) {
-           if (select(this).attr('readonly')) return;
-           var kOld = d.key; // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
+             if (wayType === 'highway') {
+               // entrances are considered connected
+               if (node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no') return true;
+               if (node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') return true;
+             } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
+               if (node.id === way.first()) {
+                 // multiple waterways may start at the same spring
+                 if (node.tags.natural === 'spring') return true;
+               } else {
+                 // multiple waterways may end at the same drain
+                 if (node.tags.manhole === 'drain') return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-           if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(kOld) && _pendingChange[kOld] === undefined) return;
-           var kNew = context.cleanTagKey(this.value.trim()); // allow no change if the key should be readonly
+             return graph.parentWays(node).some(function (parentWay) {
+               if (parentWay.id === way.id) return false;
 
-           if (isReadOnly({
-             key: kNew
-           })) {
-             this.value = kOld;
-             return;
-           }
+               if (wayType === 'highway') {
+                 // allow connections to highway areas
+                 if (parentWay.geometry(graph) === 'area' && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentWay.tags.highway]) return true; // count connections to ferry routes as connected
 
-           if (kNew && kNew !== kOld && _tags[kNew] !== undefined) {
-             // new key is already in use, switch focus to the existing row
-             this.value = kOld; // reset the key
+                 if (parentWay.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+                 return graph.parentRelations(parentWay).some(function (parentRelation) {
+                   if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' && parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') return true; // allow connections to highway multipolygons
 
-             section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list input.value').each(function (d) {
-               if (d.key === kNew) {
-                 // send focus to that other value combo instead
-                 var input = select(this).node();
-                 input.focus();
-                 input.select();
+                   return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentRelation.tags.highway];
+                 });
+               } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
+                 // multiple waterways may start or end at a water body at the same node
+                 if (parentWay.tags.natural === 'water' || parentWay.tags.natural === 'coastline') return true;
                }
+
+               return false;
              });
-             return;
            }
 
-           var row = this.parentNode.parentNode;
-           var inputVal = select(row).selectAll('input.value');
-           var vNew = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(inputVal));
-           _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
-
-           if (kOld) {
-             _pendingChange[kOld] = undefined;
-           }
+           function issuesForNode(way, nodeID) {
+             var isFirst = nodeID === way.first();
+             var wayType = typeForWay(way); // ignore if this way is self-connected at this node
 
-           _pendingChange[kNew] = vNew; // update the ordered key index so this row doesn't change position
+             if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID)) return [];
+             var osm = services.osm;
+             if (!osm) return [];
+             var node = graph.hasEntity(nodeID); // ignore if this node or its tile are unloaded
 
-           var existingKeyIndex = _orderedKeys.indexOf(kOld);
+             if (!node || !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) return [];
+             if (isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node)) return [];
+             var attachedWaysOfSameType = graph.parentWays(node).filter(function (parentWay) {
+               if (parentWay.id === way.id) return false;
+               return typeForWay(parentWay) === wayType;
+             }); // assume it's okay for waterways to start or end disconnected for now
 
-           if (existingKeyIndex !== -1) _orderedKeys[existingKeyIndex] = kNew;
-           d.key = kNew; // update datum to avoid exit/enter on tag update
+             if (wayType === 'waterway' && attachedWaysOfSameType.length === 0) return [];
+             var attachedOneways = attachedWaysOfSameType.filter(function (attachedWay) {
+               return isOneway(attachedWay);
+             }); // ignore if the way is connected to some non-oneway features
 
-           d.value = vNew;
-           this.value = kNew;
-           utilGetSetValue(inputVal, vNew);
-           scheduleChange();
-         }
+             if (attachedOneways.length < attachedWaysOfSameType.length) return [];
 
-         function valueChange(d3_event, d) {
-           if (isReadOnly(d)) return; // exit if this is a multiselection and no value was entered
+             if (attachedOneways.length) {
+               var connectedEndpointsOkay = attachedOneways.some(function (attachedOneway) {
+                 if ((isFirst ? attachedOneway.first() : attachedOneway.last()) !== nodeID) return true;
+                 if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(attachedOneway, nodeID)) return true;
+                 return false;
+               });
+               if (connectedEndpointsOkay) return [];
+             }
 
-           if (typeof d.value !== 'string' && !this.value) return; // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
+             var placement = isFirst ? 'start' : 'end',
+                 messageID = wayType + '.',
+                 referenceID = wayType + '.';
 
-           if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(d.key) && _pendingChange[d.key] === undefined) return;
-           _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
-           _pendingChange[d.key] = context.cleanTagValue(this.value);
-           scheduleChange();
-         }
+             if (wayType === 'waterway') {
+               messageID += 'connected.' + placement;
+               referenceID += 'connected';
+             } else {
+               messageID += placement;
+               referenceID += placement;
+             }
 
-         function removeTag(d3_event, d) {
-           if (isReadOnly(d)) return;
+             return [new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: wayType,
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.impossible_oneway.' + messageID + '.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: getReference(referenceID),
+               entityIds: [way.id, node.id],
+               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+                 var fixes = [];
 
-           if (d.key === '') {
-             // removing the blank row
-             _showBlank = false;
-             section.reRender();
-           } else {
-             // remove the key from the ordered key index
-             _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function (key) {
-               return key !== d.key;
-             });
-             _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
-             _pendingChange[d.key] = undefined;
-             scheduleChange();
-           }
-         }
+                 if (attachedOneways.length) {
+                   fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                     icon: 'iD-operation-reverse',
+                     title: _t.html('issues.fix.reverse_feature.title'),
+                     entityIds: [way.id],
+                     onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                       var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                       context.perform(actionReverse(id), _t('operations.reverse.annotation.line', {
+                         n: 1
+                       }));
+                     }
+                   }));
+                 }
 
-         function addTag() {
-           // Delay render in case this click is blurring an edited combo.
-           // Without the setTimeout, the `content` render would wipe out the pending tag change.
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             _showBlank = true;
-             section.reRender();
-             section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.key').node().focus();
-           }, 20);
-         }
+                 if (node.tags.noexit !== 'yes') {
+                   var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
+                   var useLeftContinue = isFirst && textDirection === 'ltr' || !isFirst && textDirection === 'rtl';
+                   fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                     icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
+                     title: _t.html('issues.fix.continue_from_' + (isFirst ? 'start' : 'end') + '.title'),
+                     onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                       var entityID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                       var vertexID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
+                       var way = context.entity(entityID);
+                       var vertex = context.entity(vertexID);
+                       continueDrawing(way, vertex, context);
+                     }
+                   }));
+                 }
 
-         function scheduleChange() {
-           // Cache IDs in case the editor is reloaded before the change event is called. - #6028
-           var entityIDs = _entityIDs; // Delay change in case this change is blurring an edited combo. - #5878
+                 return fixes;
+               },
+               loc: node.loc
+             })];
 
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             if (!_pendingChange) return;
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, entityIDs, _pendingChange);
-             _pendingChange = null;
-           }, 10);
-         }
+             function getReference(referenceID) {
+               return function showReference(selection) {
+                 selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.impossible_oneway.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         };
 
-         section.state = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+         function continueDrawing(way, vertex, context) {
+           // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
+           var map = context.map();
 
-           if (_state !== val) {
-             _orderedKeys = [];
-             _state = val;
+           if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
+             map.zoomToEase(vertex);
            }
 
-           return section;
-         };
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertex.id), true));
+         }
 
-         section.presets = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _presets;
-           _presets = val;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-           if (_presets && _presets.length && _presets[0].isFallback()) {
-             section.disclosureExpanded(true); // don't collapse the disclosure if the mapper used the raw tag editor - #1881
-           } else if (!_didInteract) {
-             section.disclosureExpanded(null);
-           }
+       function validationIncompatibleSource() {
+         var type = 'incompatible_source';
+         var incompatibleRules = [{
+           id: 'amap',
+           regex: /(amap|autonavi|mapabc|高德)/i
+         }, {
+           id: 'baidu',
+           regex: /(baidu|mapbar|百度)/i
+         }, {
+           id: 'google',
+           regex: /google/i,
+           exceptRegex: /((books|drive)\.google|google\s?(books|drive|plus))/i
+         }];
 
-           return section;
-         };
+         var validation = function checkIncompatibleSource(entity) {
+           var entitySources = entity.tags && entity.tags.source && entity.tags.source.split(';');
+           if (!entitySources) return [];
+           var entityID = entity.id;
+           return entitySources.map(function (source) {
+             var matchRule = incompatibleRules.find(function (rule) {
+               if (!rule.regex.test(source)) return false;
+               if (rule.exceptRegex && rule.exceptRegex.test(source)) return false;
+               return true;
+             });
+             if (!matchRule) return null;
+             return new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.incompatible_source.feature.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph(), true
+                   /* verbose */
+                   ),
+                   value: source
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: getReference(matchRule.id),
+               entityIds: [entityID],
+               hash: source,
+               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+                 return [new validationIssueFix({
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_proprietary_data.title')
+                 })];
+               }
+             });
+           }).filter(Boolean);
 
-         section.tags = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-           _tags = val;
-           return section;
+           function getReference(id) {
+             return function showReference(selection) {
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html("issues.incompatible_source.reference.".concat(id)));
+             };
+           }
          };
 
-         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-           if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
-             _entityIDs = val;
-             _orderedKeys = [];
-           }
+       function validationMaprules() {
+         var type = 'maprules';
 
-           return section;
-         }; // pass an array of regular expressions to test against the tag key
+         var validation = function checkMaprules(entity, graph) {
+           if (!services.maprules) return [];
+           var rules = services.maprules.validationRules();
+           var issues = [];
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
+             var rule = rules[i];
+             rule.findIssues(entity, graph, issues);
+           }
 
-         section.readOnlyTags = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _readOnlyTags;
-           _readOnlyTags = val;
-           return section;
+           return issues;
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(section, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       function uiDataEditor(context) {
-         var dataHeader = uiDataHeader();
-         var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('custom-data-tag-editor', context).expandedByDefault(true).readOnlyTags([/./]);
-
-         var _datum;
+       function validationMismatchedGeometry() {
+         var type = 'mismatched_geometry';
 
-         function dataEditor(selection) {
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
-           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('map_data.title'));
-           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
-           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
-           var editor = body.selectAll('.data-editor').data([0]); // enter/update
+         function tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) return null;
+           var tagSuggestingArea = entity.tagSuggestingArea();
 
-           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section data-editor').merge(editor).call(dataHeader.datum(_datum));
-           var rte = body.selectAll('.raw-tag-editor').data([0]); // enter/update
+           if (!tagSuggestingArea) {
+             return null;
+           }
 
-           rte.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'raw-tag-editor data-editor').merge(rte).call(rawTagEditor.tags(_datum && _datum.properties || {}).state('hover').render).selectAll('textarea.tag-text').attr('readonly', true).classed('readonly', true);
-         }
+           var asLine = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'line');
+           var asArea = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'area');
 
-         dataEditor.datum = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _datum;
-           _datum = val;
-           return this;
-         };
+           if (asLine && asArea && asLine === asArea) {
+             // these tags also allow lines and making this an area wouldn't matter
+             return null;
+           }
 
-         return dataEditor;
-       }
+           return tagSuggestingArea;
+         }
 
-       function modeSelectData(context, selectedDatum) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'select-data',
-           button: 'browse'
-         };
-         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-data');
-         var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);
-         var behaviors = [behaviorBreathe(), behaviorHover(context), behaviorSelect(context), behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior]; // class the data as selected, or return to browse mode if the data is gone
+         function makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(way, graph) {
+           // must have at least three nodes to close this automatically
+           if (way.nodes.length < 3) return null;
+           var nodes = graph.childNodes(way),
+               testNodes;
+           var firstToLastDistanceMeters = geoSphericalDistance(nodes[0].loc, nodes[nodes.length - 1].loc); // if the distance is very small, attempt to merge the endpoints
 
-         function selectData(d3_event, drawn) {
-           var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-mapdata .data' + selectedDatum.__featurehash__);
+           if (firstToLastDistanceMeters < 0.75) {
+             testNodes = nodes.slice(); // shallow copy
 
-           if (selection.empty()) {
-             // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
-             // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
-             var source = d3_event && d3_event.type === 'zoom' && d3_event.sourceEvent;
+             testNodes.pop();
+             testNodes.push(testNodes[0]); // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
 
-             if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
+               return function (context) {
+                 var way = context.entity(this.issue.entityIds[0]);
+                 context.perform(actionMergeNodes([way.nodes[0], way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1]], nodes[0].loc), _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation'));
+               };
              }
-           } else {
-             selection.classed('selected', true);
-           }
-         }
+           } // if the points were not merged, attempt to close the way
 
-         function esc() {
-           if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-         }
 
-         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
-           var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(extent.center(), context.map().trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
-         };
+           testNodes = nodes.slice(); // shallow copy
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
-           keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on('⎋', esc, true);
-           select(document).call(keybinding);
-           selectData();
-           var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
-           sidebar.show(dataEditor.datum(selectedDatum)); // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the data if needed
+           testNodes.push(testNodes[0]); // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
 
-           var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
-           sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));
-           context.map().on('drawn.select-data', selectData);
-         };
+           if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
+             return function (context) {
+               var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+               var way = context.entity(wayId);
+               var nodeId = way.nodes[0];
+               var index = way.nodes.length;
+               context.perform(actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index), _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation'));
+             };
+           }
+         }
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
-           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
-           context.surface().selectAll('.layer-mapdata .selected').classed('selected hover', false);
-           context.map().on('drawn.select-data', null);
-           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
-         };
+         function lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity) {
+           var tagSuggestingArea = tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity);
+           if (!tagSuggestingArea) return null;
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'area_as_line',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.tag_suggests_area.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, 'area', true
+                 /* verbose */
+                 ),
+                 tag: utilTagText({
+                   tags: tagSuggestingArea
+                 })
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             hash: JSON.stringify(tagSuggestingArea),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
+               var fixes = [];
+               var entity = context.entity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               var connectEndsOnClick = makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(entity, context.graph());
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.title'),
+                 onClick: connectEndsOnClick
+               }));
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_tag.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+                   for (var key in tagSuggestingArea) {
+                     delete tags[key];
+                   }
 
-       function uiImproveOsmComments() {
-         var _qaItem;
+                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_tag.annotation'));
+                 }
+               }));
+               return fixes;
+             }
+           });
 
-         function issueComments(selection) {
-           // make the div immediately so it appears above the buttons
-           var comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container').data([0]);
-           comments = comments.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comments-container').merge(comments); // must retrieve comments from API before they can be displayed
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.tag_suggests_area.reference'));
+           }
+         }
 
-           services.improveOSM.getComments(_qaItem).then(function (d) {
-             if (!d.comments) return; // nothing to do here
+         function vertexPointIssue(entity, graph) {
+           // we only care about nodes
+           if (entity.type !== 'node') return null; // ignore tagless points
 
-             var commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment').data(d.comments).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comment');
-             commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-avatar').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));
-             var mainEnter = commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-main');
-             var metadataEnter = mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-metadata');
-             metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-author').each(function (d) {
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               var selection = select(this);
+           if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) return null; // address lines are special so just ignore them
 
-               if (osm && d.username) {
-                 selection = selection.append('a').attr('class', 'comment-author-link').attr('href', osm.userURL(d.username)).attr('target', '_blank');
-               }
+           if (entity.isOnAddressLine(graph)) return null;
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           var allowedGeometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);
 
-               selection.html(function (d) {
-                 return d.username;
-               });
-             });
-             metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-date').html(function (d) {
-               return _t.html('note.status.commented', {
-                 when: localeDateString(d.timestamp)
-               });
+           if (geometry === 'point' && !allowedGeometries.point && allowedGeometries.vertex) {
+             return new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'vertex_as_point',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.vertex_as_point.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, 'vertex', true
+                   /* verbose */
+                   )
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: function showReference(selection) {
+                 selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.vertex_as_point.reference'));
+               },
+               entityIds: [entity.id]
              });
-             mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-text').append('p').html(function (d) {
-               return d.text;
+           } else if (geometry === 'vertex' && !allowedGeometries.vertex && allowedGeometries.point) {
+             return new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'point_as_vertex',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.point_as_vertex.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, 'point', true
+                   /* verbose */
+                   )
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: function showReference(selection) {
+                 selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.point_as_vertex.reference'));
+               },
+               entityIds: [entity.id],
+               dynamicFixes: extractPointDynamicFixes
              });
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-           });
+           }
+
+           return null;
          }
 
-         function localeDateString(s) {
-           if (!s) return null;
-           var options = {
-             day: 'numeric',
-             month: 'short',
-             year: 'numeric'
-           };
-           var d = new Date(s * 1000); // timestamp is served in seconds, date takes ms
+         function otherMismatchIssue(entity, graph) {
+           // ignore boring features
+           if (!entity.hasInterestingTags()) return null;
+           if (entity.type !== 'node' && entity.type !== 'way') return null; // address lines are special so just ignore them
+
+           if (entity.type === 'node' && entity.isOnAddressLine(graph)) return null;
+           var sourceGeom = entity.geometry(graph);
+           var targetGeoms = entity.type === 'way' ? ['point', 'vertex'] : ['line', 'area'];
+           if (sourceGeom === 'area') targetGeoms.unshift('line');
+           var asSource = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+           var targetGeom = targetGeoms.find(function (nodeGeom) {
+             var asTarget = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(entity.tags, nodeGeom);
+             if (!asSource || !asTarget || asSource === asTarget || // sometimes there are two presets with the same tags for different geometries
+             fastDeepEqual(asSource.tags, asTarget.tags)) return false;
+             if (asTarget.isFallback()) return false;
+             var primaryKey = Object.keys(asTarget.tags)[0]; // special case: buildings-as-points are discouraged by iD, but common in OSM, so ignore them
+
+             if (primaryKey === 'building') return false;
+             if (asTarget.tags[primaryKey] === '*') return false;
+             return asSource.isFallback() || asSource.tags[primaryKey] === '*';
+           });
+           if (!targetGeom) return null;
+           var subtype = targetGeom + '_as_' + sourceGeom;
+           if (targetGeom === 'vertex') targetGeom = 'point';
+           if (sourceGeom === 'vertex') sourceGeom = 'point';
+           var referenceId = targetGeom + '_as_' + sourceGeom;
+           var dynamicFixes;
+
+           if (targetGeom === 'point') {
+             dynamicFixes = extractPointDynamicFixes;
+           } else if (sourceGeom === 'area' && targetGeom === 'line') {
+             dynamicFixes = lineToAreaDynamicFixes;
+           }
 
-           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-           return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: subtype,
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.' + referenceId + '.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, targetGeom, true
+                 /* verbose */
+                 )
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: function showReference(selection) {
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.mismatched_geometry.reference'));
+             },
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             dynamicFixes: dynamicFixes
+           });
          }
 
-         issueComments.issue = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return issueComments;
-         };
-
-         return issueComments;
-       }
+         function lineToAreaDynamicFixes(context) {
+           var convertOnClick;
+           var entityId = this.entityIds[0];
+           var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-       function uiImproveOsmDetails(context) {
-         var _qaItem;
+           delete tags.area;
 
-         function issueDetail(d) {
-           if (d.desc) return d.desc;
-           var issueKey = d.issueKey;
-           d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
-           d.replacements["default"] = _t.html('inspector.unknown'); // special key `default` works as a fallback string
+           if (!osmTagSuggestingArea(tags)) {
+             // if removing the area tag would make this a line, offer that as a quick fix
+             convertOnClick = function convertOnClick(context) {
+               var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+               var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+               var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           return _t.html("QA.improveOSM.error_types.".concat(issueKey, ".description"), d.replacements);
-         }
+               if (tags.area) {
+                 delete tags.area;
+               }
 
-         function improveOsmDetails(selection) {
-           var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
-           });
-           details.exit().remove();
-           var detailsEnter = details.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container'); // description
+               context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.convert_to_line.annotation'));
+             };
+           }
 
-           var descriptionEnter = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
-           descriptionEnter.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
-           descriptionEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text').html(issueDetail); // If there are entity links in the error message..
+           return [new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: 'iD-icon-line',
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.convert_to_line.title'),
+             onClick: convertOnClick
+           })];
+         }
 
-           var relatedEntities = [];
-           descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link').attr('href', '#').each(function () {
-             var link = select(this);
-             var isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
-             var entityID = isObjectLink ? utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId : this.textContent;
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-             relatedEntities.push(entityID); // Add click handler
+         function extractPointDynamicFixes(context) {
+           var entityId = this.entityIds[0];
+           var extractOnClick = null;
 
-             link.on('mouseenter', function () {
-               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
-             }).on('mouseleave', function () {
-               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
-             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
-               var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
+           if (!context.hasHiddenConnections(entityId)) {
+             extractOnClick = function extractOnClick(context) {
+               var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+               var action = actionExtract(entityId, context.projection);
+               context.perform(action, _t('operations.extract.annotation', {
+                 n: 1
+               })); // re-enter mode to trigger updates
 
-               if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
-                 osmlayer.enabled(true);
-               }
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [action.getExtractedNodeID()]));
+             };
+           }
 
-               context.map().centerZoom(_qaItem.loc, 20);
+           return [new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: 'iD-operation-extract',
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.extract_point.title'),
+             onClick: extractOnClick
+           })];
+         }
 
-               if (entity) {
-                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-               } else {
-                 context.loadEntity(entityID, function () {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                 });
-               }
-             }); // Replace with friendly name if possible
-             // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
+         function unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'relation' || !entity.isMultipolygon() || entity.isDegenerate() || // cannot determine issues for incompletely-downloaded relations
+           !entity.isComplete(graph)) return [];
+           var sequences = osmJoinWays(entity.members, graph);
+           var issues = [];
 
-             if (entity) {
-               var name = utilDisplayName(entity); // try to use common name
+           for (var i in sequences) {
+             var sequence = sequences[i];
+             if (!sequence.nodes) continue;
+             var firstNode = sequence.nodes[0];
+             var lastNode = sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1]; // part is closed if the first and last nodes are the same
 
-               if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
-                 var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-                 name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name(); // fallback to preset name
-               }
+             if (firstNode === lastNode) continue;
+             var issue = new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'unclosed_multipolygon_part',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph(), true
+                   /* verbose */
+                   )
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: showReference,
+               loc: sequence.nodes[0].loc,
+               entityIds: [entity.id],
+               hash: sequence.map(function (way) {
+                 return way.id;
+               }).join()
+             });
+             issues.push(issue);
+           }
 
-               if (name) {
-                 this.innerText = name;
-               }
-             }
-           }); // Don't hide entities related to this error - #5880
+           return issues;
 
-           context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
-           context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.reference'));
+           }
          }
 
-         improveOsmDetails.issue = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return improveOsmDetails;
+         var validation = function checkMismatchedGeometry(entity, graph) {
+           var vertexPoint = vertexPointIssue(entity, graph);
+           if (vertexPoint) return [vertexPoint];
+           var lineAsArea = lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity);
+           if (lineAsArea) return [lineAsArea];
+           var mismatch = otherMismatchIssue(entity, graph);
+           if (mismatch) return [mismatch];
+           return unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph);
          };
 
-         return improveOsmDetails;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       function uiImproveOsmHeader() {
-         var _qaItem;
+       function validationMissingRole() {
+         var type = 'missing_role';
 
-         function issueTitle(d) {
-           var issueKey = d.issueKey;
-           d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
-           d.replacements["default"] = _t.html('inspector.unknown'); // special key `default` works as a fallback string
+         var validation = function checkMissingRole(entity, graph) {
+           var issues = [];
 
-           return _t.html("QA.improveOSM.error_types.".concat(issueKey, ".title"), d.replacements);
+           if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (relation) {
+               if (!relation.isMultipolygon()) return;
+               var member = relation.memberById(entity.id);
+
+               if (member && isMissingRole(member)) {
+                 issues.push(makeIssue(entity, relation, member));
+               }
+             });
+           } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
+             entity.indexedMembers().forEach(function (member) {
+               var way = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
+
+               if (way && isMissingRole(member)) {
+                 issues.push(makeIssue(way, entity, member));
+               }
+             });
+           }
+
+           return issues;
+         };
+
+         function isMissingRole(member) {
+           return !member.role || !member.role.trim().length;
          }
 
-         function improveOsmHeader(selection) {
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
-           });
-           header.exit().remove();
-           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header');
-           var svgEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-icon').classed('new', function (d) {
-             return d.id < 0;
-           }).append('svg').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "preset-icon-28 qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
+         function makeIssue(way, relation, member) {
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var member = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]),
+                   relation = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return member && relation ? _t.html('issues.missing_role.message', {
+                 member: utilDisplayLabel(member, context.graph()),
+                 relation: utilDisplayLabel(relation, context.graph())
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [relation.id, way.id],
+             data: {
+               member: member
+             },
+             hash: member.index.toString(),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [makeAddRoleFix('inner'), makeAddRoleFix('outer'), new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_from_relation.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.perform(actionDeleteMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], this.issue.data.member.index), _t('operations.delete_member.annotation', {
+                     n: 1
+                   }));
+                 }
+               })];
+             }
            });
-           svgEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', 'currentColor').attr('class', 'qaItem-fill').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
-           svgEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             var picon = d.icon;
 
-             if (!picon) {
-               return '';
-             } else {
-               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.missing_role.multipolygon.reference'));
+           }
+         }
+
+         function makeAddRoleFix(role) {
+           return new validationIssueFix({
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.set_as_' + role + '.title'),
+             onClick: function onClick(context) {
+               var oldMember = this.issue.data.member;
+               var member = {
+                 id: this.issue.entityIds[1],
+                 type: oldMember.type,
+                 role: role
+               };
+               context.perform(actionChangeMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], member, oldMember.index), _t('operations.change_role.annotation', {
+                 n: 1
+               }));
              }
            });
-           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-label').html(issueTitle);
          }
 
-         improveOsmHeader.issue = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return improveOsmHeader;
-         };
-
-         return improveOsmHeader;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       function uiImproveOsmEditor(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var qaDetails = uiImproveOsmDetails(context);
-         var qaComments = uiImproveOsmComments();
-         var qaHeader = uiImproveOsmHeader();
+       function validationMissingTag(context) {
+         var type = 'missing_tag';
 
-         var _qaItem;
+         function hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph) {
+           var onlyAttributeKeys = ['description', 'name', 'note', 'start_date'];
+           var entityDescriptiveKeys = Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(function (k) {
+             if (k === 'area' || !osmIsInterestingTag(k)) return false;
+             return !onlyAttributeKeys.some(function (attributeKey) {
+               return k === attributeKey || k.indexOf(attributeKey + ':') === 0;
+             });
+           });
 
-         function improveOsmEditor(selection) {
-           var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
-             return context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('QA.improveOSM.title'));
-           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
-           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
-           var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor').data([0]);
-           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor').merge(editor).call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaComments.issue(_qaItem)).call(improveOsmSaveSection);
+           if (entity.type === 'relation' && entityDescriptiveKeys.length === 1 && entity.tags.type === 'multipolygon') {
+             // this relation's only interesting tag just says its a multipolygon,
+             // which is not descriptive enough
+             // It's okay for a simple multipolygon to have no descriptive tags
+             // if its outer way has them (old model, see `outdated_tags.js`)
+             return osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph);
+           }
+
+           return entityDescriptiveKeys.length > 0;
          }
 
-         function improveOsmSaveSection(selection) {
-           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
+         function isUnknownRoad(entity) {
+           return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.highway === 'road';
+         }
 
-           var isShown = _qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment);
-           var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save').data(isShown ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
-           }); // exit
+         function isUntypedRelation(entity) {
+           return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.tags.type;
+         }
 
-           saveSection.exit().remove(); // enter
+         var validation = function checkMissingTag(entity, graph) {
+           var subtype;
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var isUnloadedNode = entity.type === 'node' && osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(entity.loc); // we can't know if the node is a vertex if the tile is undownloaded
 
-           var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');
-           saveSectionEnter.append('h4').attr('class', '.qa-save-header').html(_t.html('note.newComment'));
-           saveSectionEnter.append('textarea').attr('class', 'new-comment-input').attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder')).attr('maxlength', 1000).property('value', function (d) {
-             return d.newComment;
-           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('input', changeInput).on('blur', changeInput); // update
+           if (!isUnloadedNode && // allow untagged nodes that are part of ways
+           entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex' && // allow untagged entities that are part of relations
+           !entity.hasParentRelations(graph)) {
+             if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) {
+               subtype = 'any';
+             } else if (!hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph)) {
+               subtype = 'descriptive';
+             } else if (isUntypedRelation(entity)) {
+               subtype = 'relation_type';
+             }
+           } // flag an unknown road even if it's a member of a relation
 
-           saveSection = saveSectionEnter.merge(saveSection).call(qaSaveButtons);
 
-           function changeInput() {
-             var input = select(this);
-             var val = input.property('value').trim();
+           if (!subtype && isUnknownRoad(entity)) {
+             subtype = 'highway_classification';
+           }
 
-             if (val === '') {
-               val = undefined;
-             } // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
+           if (!subtype) return [];
+           var messageID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag.' + subtype;
+           var referenceID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag'; // can always delete if the user created it in the first place..
+
+           var canDelete = entity.version === undefined || entity.v !== undefined;
+           var severity = canDelete && subtype !== 'highway_classification' ? 'error' : 'warning';
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: subtype,
+             severity: severity,
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.' + messageID + '.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
+               var fixes = [];
+               var selectFixType = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'select_road_type' : 'select_preset';
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-icon-search',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + selectFixType + '.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.ui().sidebar.showPresetList();
+                 }
+               }));
+               var deleteOnClick;
+               var id = this.entityIds[0];
+               var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
+               var disabledReasonID = operation.disabled();
 
+               if (!disabledReasonID) {
+                 deleteOnClick = function deleteOnClick(context) {
+                   var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
 
-             _qaItem = _qaItem.update({
-               newComment: val
-             });
-             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
+                   if (!operation.disabled()) {
+                     operation();
+                   }
+                 };
+               }
 
-             if (qaService) {
-               qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem);
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
+                 disabledReason: disabledReasonID ? _t('operations.delete.' + disabledReasonID + '.single') : undefined,
+                 onClick: deleteOnClick
+               }));
+               return fixes;
              }
+           })];
 
-             saveSection.call(qaSaveButtons);
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
            }
-         }
+         };
 
-         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
-           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return d.status + d.id;
-           }); // exit
+       function validationOutdatedTags() {
+         var type = 'outdated_tags';
+         var _waitingForDeprecated = true;
 
-           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
+         var _dataDeprecated; // fetch deprecated tags
 
-           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
-           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button comment-button action').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));
-           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button close-button action');
-           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button ignore-button action'); // update
 
-           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
-           buttonSection.select('.comment-button').attr('disabled', function (d) {
-             return d.newComment ? null : true;
-           }).on('click.comment', function (d3_event, d) {
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated').then(function (d) {
+           return _dataDeprecated = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         })["finally"](function () {
+           return _waitingForDeprecated = false;
+         });
 
-             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
+         function oldTagIssues(entity, graph) {
+           var oldTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-             if (qaService) {
-               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
-                 return dispatch$1.call('change', item);
-               });
-             }
-           });
-           buttonSection.select('.close-button').html(function (d) {
-             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
-             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.close".concat(andComment));
-           }).on('click.close', function (d3_event, d) {
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+           var subtype = 'deprecated_tags';
+           if (!preset) return [];
+           if (!entity.hasInterestingTags()) return []; // Upgrade preset, if a replacement is available..
 
-             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
+           if (preset.replacement) {
+             var newPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(preset.replacement);
+             graph = actionChangePreset(entity.id, preset, newPreset, true
+             /* skip field defaults */
+             )(graph);
+             entity = graph.entity(entity.id);
+             preset = newPreset;
+           } // Upgrade deprecated tags..
 
-             if (qaService) {
-               d.newStatus = 'SOLVED';
-               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
-                 return dispatch$1.call('change', item);
-               });
-             }
-           });
-           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button').html(function (d) {
-             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
-             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.ignore".concat(andComment));
-           }).on('click.ignore', function (d3_event, d) {
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
+           if (_dataDeprecated) {
+             var deprecatedTags = entity.deprecatedTags(_dataDeprecated);
 
-             if (qaService) {
-               d.newStatus = 'INVALID';
-               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
-                 return dispatch$1.call('change', item);
+             if (deprecatedTags.length) {
+               deprecatedTags.forEach(function (tag) {
+                 graph = actionUpgradeTags(entity.id, tag.old, tag.replace)(graph);
                });
+               entity = graph.entity(entity.id);
              }
-           });
-         } // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
+           } // Add missing addTags from the detected preset
 
 
-         improveOsmEditor.error = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return improveOsmEditor;
-         };
+           var newTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-         return utilRebind(improveOsmEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           if (preset.tags !== preset.addTags) {
+             Object.keys(preset.addTags).forEach(function (k) {
+               if (!newTags[k]) {
+                 if (preset.addTags[k] === '*') {
+                   newTags[k] = 'yes';
+                 } else {
+                   newTags[k] = preset.addTags[k];
+                 }
+               }
+             });
+           } // Attempt to match a canonical record in the name-suggestion-index.
 
-       function uiKeepRightDetails(context) {
-         var _qaItem;
 
-         function issueDetail(d) {
-           var itemType = d.itemType,
-               parentIssueType = d.parentIssueType;
-           var unknown = _t.html('inspector.unknown');
-           var replacements = d.replacements || {};
-           replacements["default"] = unknown; // special key `default` works as a fallback string
+           var nsi = services.nsi;
+           var waitingForNsi = false;
+           var nsiResult;
 
-           var detail = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(itemType, ".description"), replacements);
+           if (nsi) {
+             waitingForNsi = nsi.status() === 'loading';
 
-           if (detail === unknown) {
-             detail = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(parentIssueType, ".description"), replacements);
+             if (!waitingForNsi) {
+               var loc = entity.extent(graph).center();
+               nsiResult = nsi.upgradeTags(newTags, loc);
+
+               if (nsiResult) {
+                 newTags = nsiResult.newTags;
+                 subtype = 'noncanonical_brand';
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           return detail;
-         }
+           var issues = [];
+           issues.provisional = _waitingForDeprecated || waitingForNsi; // determine diff
 
-         function keepRightDetails(selection) {
-           var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags);
+           if (!tagDiff.length) return issues;
+           var isOnlyAddingTags = tagDiff.every(function (d) {
+             return d.type === '+';
            });
-           details.exit().remove();
-           var detailsEnter = details.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container'); // description
+           var prefix = '';
 
-           var descriptionEnter = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
-           descriptionEnter.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
-           descriptionEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text').html(issueDetail); // If there are entity links in the error message..
+           if (nsiResult) {
+             prefix = 'noncanonical_brand.';
+           } else if (subtype === 'deprecated_tags' && isOnlyAddingTags) {
+             subtype = 'incomplete_tags';
+             prefix = 'incomplete.';
+           } // don't allow autofixing brand tags
 
-           var relatedEntities = [];
-           descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link').attr('href', '#').each(function () {
-             var link = select(this);
-             var isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
-             var entityID = isObjectLink ? utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId : this.textContent;
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-             relatedEntities.push(entityID); // Add click handler
 
-             link.on('mouseenter', function () {
-               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
-             }).on('mouseleave', function () {
-               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
-             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
-               var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
+           var autoArgs = subtype !== 'noncanonical_brand' ? [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation')] : null;
+           issues.push(new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: subtype,
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: showMessage,
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             hash: utilHashcode(JSON.stringify(tagDiff)),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               var fixes = [new validationIssueFix({
+                 autoArgs: autoArgs,
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
+                 }
+               })];
+               var item = nsiResult && nsiResult.matched;
 
-               if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
-                 osmlayer.enabled(true);
+               if (item) {
+                 fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.tag_as_not.title', {
+                     name: item.displayName
+                   }),
+                   onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                     context.perform(addNotTag, _t('issues.fix.tag_as_not.annotation'));
+                   }
+                 }));
                }
 
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(_qaItem.loc, 20);
+               return fixes;
+             }
+           }));
+           return issues;
 
-               if (entity) {
-                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-               } else {
-                 context.loadEntity(entityID, function () {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                 });
+           function doUpgrade(graph) {
+             var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
+             if (!currEntity) return graph;
+             var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags); // shallow copy
+
+             tagDiff.forEach(function (diff) {
+               if (diff.type === '-') {
+                 delete newTags[diff.key];
+               } else if (diff.type === '+') {
+                 newTags[diff.key] = diff.newVal;
                }
-             }); // Replace with friendly name if possible
-             // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
+             });
+             return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
+           }
 
-             if (entity) {
-               var name = utilDisplayName(entity); // try to use common name
+           function addNotTag(graph) {
+             var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
+             if (!currEntity) return graph;
+             var item = nsiResult && nsiResult.matched;
+             if (!item) return graph;
+             var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-               if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
-                 var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-                 name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name(); // fallback to preset name
-               }
+             var wd = item.mainTag; // e.g. `brand:wikidata`
 
-               if (name) {
-                 this.innerText = name;
-               }
-             }
-           }); // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
+             var notwd = "not:".concat(wd); // e.g. `not:brand:wikidata`
 
-           context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
-           context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
-         }
+             var qid = item.tags[wd];
+             newTags[notwd] = qid;
 
-         keepRightDetails.issue = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return keepRightDetails;
-         };
+             if (newTags[wd] === qid) {
+               // if `brand:wikidata` was set to that qid
+               var wp = item.mainTag.replace('wikidata', 'wikipedia');
+               delete newTags[wd]; // remove `brand:wikidata`
 
-         return keepRightDetails;
-       }
+               delete newTags[wp]; // remove `brand:wikipedia`
+             }
 
-       function uiKeepRightHeader() {
-         var _qaItem;
+             return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
+           }
 
-         function issueTitle(d) {
-           var itemType = d.itemType,
-               parentIssueType = d.parentIssueType;
-           var unknown = _t.html('inspector.unknown');
-           var replacements = d.replacements || {};
-           replacements["default"] = unknown; // special key `default` works as a fallback string
+           function showMessage(context) {
+             var currEntity = context.hasEntity(entity.id);
+             if (!currEntity) return '';
+             var messageID = "issues.outdated_tags.".concat(prefix, "message");
 
-           var title = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(itemType, ".title"), replacements);
+             if (subtype === 'noncanonical_brand' && isOnlyAddingTags) {
+               messageID += '_incomplete';
+             }
 
-           if (title === unknown) {
-             title = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(parentIssueType, ".title"), replacements);
+             return _t.html(messageID, {
+               feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph(), true
+               /* verbose */
+               )
+             });
            }
 
-           return title;
-         }
-
-         function keepRightHeader(selection) {
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
-           });
-           header.exit().remove();
-           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header');
-           var iconEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-icon').classed('new', function (d) {
-             return d.id < 0;
-           });
-           iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "preset-icon-28 qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.parentIssueType);
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bolt', 'qaItem-fill'));
-           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-label').html(issueTitle);
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             var enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter();
+             enter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html("issues.outdated_tags.".concat(prefix, "reference")));
+             enter.append('strong').html(_t.html('issues.suggested'));
+             enter.append('table').attr('class', 'tagDiff-table').selectAll('.tagDiff-row').data(tagDiff).enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'tagDiff-row').append('td').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
+               return "tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-".concat(klass);
+             }).html(function (d) {
+               return d.display;
+             });
+           }
          }
 
-         keepRightHeader.issue = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return keepRightHeader;
-         };
-
-         return keepRightHeader;
-       }
+         function oldMultipolygonIssues(entity, graph) {
+           var multipolygon, outerWay;
 
-       function uiViewOnKeepRight() {
-         var _qaItem;
+           if (entity.type === 'relation') {
+             outerWay = osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph);
+             multipolygon = entity;
+           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             multipolygon = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
+             outerWay = entity;
+           } else {
+             return [];
+           }
 
-         function viewOnKeepRight(selection) {
-           var url;
+           if (!multipolygon || !outerWay) return [];
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'old_multipolygon',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: showMessage,
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [outerWay.id, multipolygon.id],
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 autoArgs: [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation')],
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.move_tags.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation'));
+                 }
+               })];
+             }
+           })];
 
-           if (services.keepRight && _qaItem instanceof QAItem) {
-             url = services.keepRight.issueURL(_qaItem);
+           function doUpgrade(graph) {
+             var currMultipolygon = graph.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
+             var currOuterWay = graph.hasEntity(outerWay.id);
+             if (!currMultipolygon || !currOuterWay) return graph;
+             currMultipolygon = currMultipolygon.mergeTags(currOuterWay.tags);
+             graph = graph.replace(currMultipolygon);
+             return actionChangeTags(currOuterWay.id, {})(graph);
            }
 
-           var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-keepRight').data(url ? [url] : []); // exit
-
-           link.exit().remove(); // enter
+           function showMessage(context) {
+             var currMultipolygon = context.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
+             if (!currMultipolygon) return '';
+             return _t.html('issues.old_multipolygon.message', {
+               multipolygon: utilDisplayLabel(currMultipolygon, context.graph(), true
+               /* verbose */
+               )
+             });
+           }
 
-           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'view-on-keepRight').attr('target', '_blank').attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
-           .attr('href', function (d) {
-             return d;
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
-           linkEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('inspector.view_on_keepRight'));
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.old_multipolygon.reference'));
+           }
          }
 
-         viewOnKeepRight.what = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return viewOnKeepRight;
+         var validation = function checkOutdatedTags(entity, graph) {
+           var issues = oldMultipolygonIssues(entity, graph);
+           if (!issues.length) issues = oldTagIssues(entity, graph);
+           return issues;
          };
 
-         return viewOnKeepRight;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       function uiKeepRightEditor(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var qaDetails = uiKeepRightDetails(context);
-         var qaHeader = uiKeepRightHeader();
-
-         var _qaItem;
-
-         function keepRightEditor(selection) {
-           var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
-             return context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.title'));
-           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
-           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
-           var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor').data([0]);
-           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor').merge(editor).call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem)).call(keepRightSaveSection);
-           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
-           footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer).call(uiViewOnKeepRight().what(_qaItem));
-         }
+       function validationPrivateData() {
+         var type = 'private_data'; // assume that some buildings are private
 
-         function keepRightSaveSection(selection) {
-           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
+         var privateBuildingValues = {
+           detached: true,
+           farm: true,
+           house: true,
+           houseboat: true,
+           residential: true,
+           semidetached_house: true,
+           static_caravan: true
+         }; // but they might be public if they have one of these other tags
 
-           var isShown = _qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment);
-           var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save').data(isShown ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
-           }); // exit
+         var publicKeys = {
+           amenity: true,
+           craft: true,
+           historic: true,
+           leisure: true,
+           office: true,
+           shop: true,
+           tourism: true
+         }; // these tags may contain personally identifying info
 
-           saveSection.exit().remove(); // enter
+         var personalTags = {
+           'contact:email': true,
+           'contact:fax': true,
+           'contact:phone': true,
+           email: true,
+           fax: true,
+           phone: true
+         };
 
-           var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');
-           saveSectionEnter.append('h4').attr('class', '.qa-save-header').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.comment'));
-           saveSectionEnter.append('textarea').attr('class', 'new-comment-input').attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder')).attr('maxlength', 1000).property('value', function (d) {
-             return d.newComment || d.comment;
-           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('input', changeInput).on('blur', changeInput); // update
+         var validation = function checkPrivateData(entity) {
+           var tags = entity.tags;
+           if (!tags.building || !privateBuildingValues[tags.building]) return [];
+           var keepTags = {};
 
-           saveSection = saveSectionEnter.merge(saveSection).call(qaSaveButtons);
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             if (publicKeys[k]) return []; // probably a public feature
 
-           function changeInput() {
-             var input = select(this);
-             var val = input.property('value').trim();
+             if (!personalTags[k]) {
+               keepTags[k] = tags[k];
+             }
+           }
 
-             if (val === _qaItem.comment) {
-               val = undefined;
-             } // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
+           var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(tags, keepTags);
+           if (!tagDiff.length) return [];
+           var fixID = tagDiff.length === 1 ? 'remove_tag' : 'remove_tags';
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: showMessage,
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + fixID + '.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
+                 }
+               })];
+             }
+           })];
 
+           function doUpgrade(graph) {
+             var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
+             if (!currEntity) return graph;
+             var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-             _qaItem = _qaItem.update({
-               newComment: val
+             tagDiff.forEach(function (diff) {
+               if (diff.type === '-') {
+                 delete newTags[diff.key];
+               } else if (diff.type === '+') {
+                 newTags[diff.key] = diff.newVal;
+               }
              });
-             var qaService = services.keepRight;
-
-             if (qaService) {
-               qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem); // update keepright cache
-             }
-
-             saveSection.call(qaSaveButtons);
+             return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
            }
-         }
 
-         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
-           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
+           function showMessage(context) {
+             var currEntity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+             if (!currEntity) return '';
+             return _t.html('issues.private_data.contact.message', {
+               feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph())
+             });
+           }
 
-           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return d.status + d.id;
-           }); // exit
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             var enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter();
+             enter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.private_data.reference'));
+             enter.append('strong').html(_t.html('issues.suggested'));
+             enter.append('table').attr('class', 'tagDiff-table').selectAll('.tagDiff-row').data(tagDiff).enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'tagDiff-row').append('td').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
+               return 'tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-' + klass;
+             }).html(function (d) {
+               return d.display;
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
-           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
-           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button comment-button action').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));
-           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button close-button action');
-           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button ignore-button action'); // update
+       function validationSuspiciousName() {
+         var type = 'suspicious_name';
+         var keysToTestForGenericValues = ['aerialway', 'aeroway', 'amenity', 'building', 'craft', 'highway', 'leisure', 'railway', 'man_made', 'office', 'shop', 'tourism', 'waterway'];
+         var _waitingForNsi = false; // Attempt to match a generic record in the name-suggestion-index.
 
-           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
-           buttonSection.select('.comment-button') // select and propagate data
-           .attr('disabled', function (d) {
-             return d.newComment ? null : true;
-           }).on('click.comment', function (d3_event, d) {
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+         function isGenericMatchInNsi(tags) {
+           var nsi = services.nsi;
 
-             var qaService = services.keepRight;
+           if (nsi) {
+             _waitingForNsi = nsi.status() === 'loading';
 
-             if (qaService) {
-               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
-                 return dispatch$1.call('change', item);
-               });
+             if (!_waitingForNsi) {
+               return nsi.isGenericName(tags);
              }
-           });
-           buttonSection.select('.close-button') // select and propagate data
-           .html(function (d) {
-             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
-             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.close".concat(andComment));
-           }).on('click.close', function (d3_event, d) {
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+           }
 
-             var qaService = services.keepRight;
+           return false;
+         } // Test if the name is just the key or tag value (e.g. "park")
 
-             if (qaService) {
-               d.newStatus = 'ignore_t'; // ignore temporarily (item fixed)
 
-               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
-                 return dispatch$1.call('change', item);
-               });
+         function nameMatchesRawTag(lowercaseName, tags) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < keysToTestForGenericValues.length; i++) {
+             var key = keysToTestForGenericValues[i];
+             var val = tags[key];
+
+             if (val) {
+               val = val.toLowerCase();
+
+               if (key === lowercaseName || val === lowercaseName || key.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName || val.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName) {
+                 return true;
+               }
              }
-           });
-           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button') // select and propagate data
-           .html(function (d) {
-             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
-             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.ignore".concat(andComment));
-           }).on('click.ignore', function (d3_event, d) {
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+           }
 
-             var qaService = services.keepRight;
+           return false;
+         }
 
-             if (qaService) {
-               d.newStatus = 'ignore'; // ignore permanently (false positive)
+         function isGenericName(name, tags) {
+           name = name.toLowerCase();
+           return nameMatchesRawTag(name, tags) || isGenericMatchInNsi(tags);
+         }
 
-               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
-                 return dispatch$1.call('change', item);
+         function makeGenericNameIssue(entityId, nameKey, genericName, langCode) {
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'generic_name',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               if (!entity) return '';
+               var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+               var langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
+               return _t.html('issues.generic_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''), {
+                 feature: preset.name(),
+                 name: genericName,
+                 language: langName
                });
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entityId],
+             hash: "".concat(nameKey, "=").concat(genericName),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+
+                   delete tags[nameKey];
+                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_generic_name.annotation'));
+                 }
+               })];
              }
            });
-         } // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-
-
-         keepRightEditor.error = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return keepRightEditor;
-         };
 
-         return utilRebind(keepRightEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.generic_name.reference'));
+           }
+         }
 
-       function uiOsmoseDetails(context) {
-         var _qaItem;
+         function makeIncorrectNameIssue(entityId, nameKey, incorrectName, langCode) {
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'not_name',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               if (!entity) return '';
+               var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+               var langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
+               return _t.html('issues.incorrect_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''), {
+                 feature: preset.name(),
+                 name: incorrectName,
+                 language: langName
+               });
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entityId],
+             hash: "".concat(nameKey, "=").concat(incorrectName),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-         function issueString(d, type) {
-           if (!d) return ''; // Issue strings are cached from Osmose API
+                   delete tags[nameKey];
+                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_mistaken_name.annotation'));
+                 }
+               })];
+             }
+           });
 
-           var s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
-           return type in s ? s[type] : '';
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.generic_name.reference'));
+           }
          }
 
-         function osmoseDetails(selection) {
-           var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
-           });
-           details.exit().remove();
-           var detailsEnter = details.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container'); // Description
+         var validation = function checkGenericName(entity) {
+           var tags = entity.tags; // a generic name is allowed if it's a known brand or entity
 
-           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'detail')) {
-             var div = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
-             div.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
-             div.append('p').attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text').html(function (d) {
-               return issueString(d, 'detail');
-             }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
-           } // Elements (populated later as data is requested)
+           var hasWikidata = !!tags.wikidata || !!tags['brand:wikidata'] || !!tags['operator:wikidata'];
+           if (hasWikidata) return [];
+           var issues = [];
+           var notNames = (tags['not:name'] || '').split(';');
 
+           for (var key in tags) {
+             var m = key.match(/^name(?:(?::)([a-zA-Z_-]+))?$/);
+             if (!m) continue;
+             var langCode = m.length >= 2 ? m[1] : null;
+             var value = tags[key];
 
-           var detailsDiv = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
-           var elemsDiv = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection'); // Suggested Fix (mustn't exist for every issue type)
+             if (notNames.length) {
+               for (var i in notNames) {
+                 var notName = notNames[i];
 
-           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'fix')) {
-             var _div = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+                 if (notName && value === notName) {
+                   issues.push(makeIncorrectNameIssue(entity.id, key, value, langCode));
+                   continue;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-             _div.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.fix_title'));
+             if (isGenericName(value, tags)) {
+               issues.provisional = _waitingForNsi; // retry later if we are waiting on NSI to finish loading
 
-             _div.append('p').html(function (d) {
-               return issueString(d, 'fix');
-             }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
-           } // Common Pitfalls (mustn't exist for every issue type)
+               issues.push(makeGenericNameIssue(entity.id, key, value, langCode));
+             }
+           }
 
+           return issues;
+         };
 
-           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'trap')) {
-             var _div2 = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-             _div2.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.trap_title'));
+       function validationUnsquareWay(context) {
+         var type = 'unsquare_way';
+         var DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD = 5; // see also issues.js
+         // use looser epsilon for detection to reduce warnings of buildings that are essentially square already
 
-             _div2.append('p').html(function (d) {
-               return issueString(d, 'trap');
-             }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
-           } // Save current item to check if UI changed by time request resolves
+         var epsilon = 0.05;
+         var nodeThreshold = 10;
 
+         function isBuilding(entity, graph) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') return false;
+           return entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
+         }
 
-           var thisItem = _qaItem;
-           services.osmose.loadIssueDetail(_qaItem).then(function (d) {
-             // No details to add if there are no associated issue elements
-             if (!d.elems || d.elems.length === 0) return; // Do nothing if UI has moved on by the time this resolves
+         var validation = function checkUnsquareWay(entity, graph) {
+           if (!isBuilding(entity, graph)) return []; // don't flag ways marked as physically unsquare
 
-             if (context.selectedErrorID() !== thisItem.id && context.container().selectAll(".qaItem.osmose.hover.itemId-".concat(thisItem.id)).empty()) return; // Things like keys and values are dynamically added to a subtitle string
+           if (entity.tags.nonsquare === 'yes') return [];
+           var isClosed = entity.isClosed();
+           if (!isClosed) return []; // this building has bigger problems
+           // don't flag ways with lots of nodes since they are likely detail-mapped
 
-             if (d.detail) {
-               detailsDiv.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.detail_title'));
-               detailsDiv.append('p').html(function (d) {
-                 return d.detail;
-               }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
-             } // Create list of linked issue elements
+           var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity).slice(); // shallow copy
 
+           if (nodes.length > nodeThreshold + 1) return []; // +1 because closing node appears twice
+           // ignore if not all nodes are fully downloaded
 
-             elemsDiv.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.elems_title'));
-             elemsDiv.append('ul').selectAll('li').data(d.elems).enter().append('li').append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'error_entity_link').html(function (d) {
-               return d;
-             }).each(function () {
-               var link = select(this);
-               var entityID = this.textContent;
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID); // Add click handler
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           if (!osm || nodes.some(function (node) {
+             return !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc);
+           })) return []; // don't flag connected ways to avoid unresolvable unsquare loops
 
-               link.on('mouseenter', function () {
-                 utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
-               }).on('mouseleave', function () {
-                 utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
-               }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-                 d3_event.preventDefault();
-                 utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
-                 var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
+           var hasConnectedSquarableWays = nodes.some(function (node) {
+             return graph.parentWays(node).some(function (way) {
+               if (way.id === entity.id) return false;
+               if (isBuilding(way, graph)) return true;
+               return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function (parentRelation) {
+                 return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && parentRelation.tags.building && parentRelation.tags.building !== 'no';
+               });
+             });
+           });
+           if (hasConnectedSquarableWays) return []; // user-configurable square threshold
 
-                 if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
-                   osmlayer.enabled(true);
-                 }
+           var storedDegreeThreshold = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
+           var degreeThreshold = isNaN(storedDegreeThreshold) ? DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD : parseFloat(storedDegreeThreshold);
+           var points = nodes.map(function (node) {
+             return context.projection(node.loc);
+           });
+           if (!geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(points, isClosed, epsilon, degreeThreshold, true)) return [];
+           var autoArgs; // don't allow autosquaring features linked to wikidata
 
-                 context.map().centerZoom(d.loc, 20);
+           if (!entity.tags.wikidata) {
+             // use same degree threshold as for detection
+             var autoAction = actionOrthogonalize(entity.id, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold);
+             autoAction.transitionable = false; // when autofixing, do it instantly
 
-                 if (entity) {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                 } else {
-                   context.loadEntity(entityID, function () {
-                     context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                   });
-                 }
-               }); // Replace with friendly name if possible
-               // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
+             autoArgs = [autoAction, _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature', {
+               n: 1
+             })];
+           }
 
-               if (entity) {
-                 var name = utilDisplayName(entity); // try to use common name
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'building',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.unsquare_way.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             hash: degreeThreshold,
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-orthogonalize',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.square_feature.title'),
+                 autoArgs: autoArgs,
+                 onClick: function onClick(context, completionHandler) {
+                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0]; // use same degree threshold as for detection
 
-                 if (!name) {
-                   var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-                   name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name(); // fallback to preset name
-                 }
+                   context.perform(actionOrthogonalize(entityId, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold), _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature', {
+                     n: 1
+                   })); // run after the squaring transition (currently 150ms)
 
-                 if (name) {
-                   this.innerText = name;
+                   window.setTimeout(function () {
+                     completionHandler();
+                   }, 175);
                  }
-               }
-             }); // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
-
-             context.features().forceVisible(d.elems);
-             context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-           });
-         }
+               })
+               /*
+               new validationIssueFix({
+                   title: t.html('issues.fix.tag_as_unsquare.title'),
+                   onClick: function(context) {
+                       var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                       var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+                       var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
+                       tags.nonsquare = 'yes';
+                       context.perform(
+                           actionChangeTags(entityId, tags),
+                           t('issues.fix.tag_as_unsquare.annotation')
+                       );
+                   }
+               })
+               */
+               ];
+             }
+           })];
 
-         osmoseDetails.issue = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return osmoseDetails;
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.unsquare_way.buildings.reference'));
+           }
          };
 
-         return osmoseDetails;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       function uiOsmoseHeader() {
-         var _qaItem;
+       var Validations = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
+               __proto__: null,
+               validationAlmostJunction: validationAlmostJunction,
+               validationCloseNodes: validationCloseNodes,
+               validationCrossingWays: validationCrossingWays,
+               validationDisconnectedWay: validationDisconnectedWay,
+               validationFormatting: validationFormatting,
+               validationHelpRequest: validationHelpRequest,
+               validationImpossibleOneway: validationImpossibleOneway,
+               validationIncompatibleSource: validationIncompatibleSource,
+               validationMaprules: validationMaprules,
+               validationMismatchedGeometry: validationMismatchedGeometry,
+               validationMissingRole: validationMissingRole,
+               validationMissingTag: validationMissingTag,
+               validationOutdatedTags: validationOutdatedTags,
+               validationPrivateData: validationPrivateData,
+               validationSuspiciousName: validationSuspiciousName,
+               validationUnsquareWay: validationUnsquareWay
+       });
 
-         function issueTitle(d) {
-           var unknown = _t('inspector.unknown');
-           if (!d) return unknown; // Issue titles supplied by Osmose
+       function coreValidator(context) {
+         var _this = this;
 
-           var s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
-           return 'title' in s ? s.title : unknown;
-         }
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('validated', 'focusedIssue');
+         var validator = utilRebind({}, dispatch, 'on');
+         var _rules = {};
+         var _disabledRules = {};
 
-         function osmoseHeader(selection) {
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
-           });
-           header.exit().remove();
-           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header');
-           var svgEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-icon').classed('new', function (d) {
-             return d.id < 0;
-           }).append('svg').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "preset-icon-28 qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
-           });
-           svgEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', function (d) {
-             return services.osmose.getColor(d.item);
-           }).attr('class', 'qaItem-fill').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
-           svgEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             var picon = d.icon;
+         var _ignoredIssueIDs = new Set();
 
-             if (!picon) {
-               return '';
-             } else {
-               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
-             }
-           });
-           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-label').html(issueTitle);
-         }
+         var _resolvedIssueIDs = new Set();
 
-         osmoseHeader.issue = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return osmoseHeader;
-         };
+         var _baseCache = validationCache('base'); // issues before any user edits
 
-         return osmoseHeader;
-       }
 
-       function uiViewOnOsmose() {
-         var _qaItem;
+         var _headCache = validationCache('head'); // issues after all user edits
 
-         function viewOnOsmose(selection) {
-           var url;
 
-           if (services.osmose && _qaItem instanceof QAItem) {
-             url = services.osmose.itemURL(_qaItem);
-           }
+         var _completeDiff = {}; // complete diff base -> head of what the user changed
 
-           var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osmose').data(url ? [url] : []); // exit
+         var _headIsCurrent = false;
 
-           link.exit().remove(); // enter
+         var _deferredRIC = new Set(); // Set( RequestIdleCallback handles )
 
-           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'view-on-osmose').attr('target', '_blank').attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
-           .attr('href', function (d) {
-             return d;
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
-           linkEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('inspector.view_on_osmose'));
-         }
 
-         viewOnOsmose.what = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return viewOnOsmose;
-         };
+         var _deferredST = new Set(); // Set( SetTimeout handles )
 
-         return viewOnOsmose;
-       }
 
-       function uiOsmoseEditor(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var qaDetails = uiOsmoseDetails(context);
-         var qaHeader = uiOsmoseHeader();
+         var _headPromise; // Promise fulfilled when validation is performed up to headGraph snapshot
 
-         var _qaItem;
 
-         function osmoseEditor(selection) {
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
-           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
-             return context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.title'));
-           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
-           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
-           var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor').data([0]);
-           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor').merge(editor).call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem)).call(osmoseSaveSection);
-           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
-           footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer).call(uiViewOnOsmose().what(_qaItem));
-         }
+         var RETRY = 5000; // wait 5sec before revalidating provisional entities
+         // Allow validation severity to be overridden by url queryparams...
+         // See: https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/pull/8243
+         //
+         // Each param should contain a urlencoded comma separated list of
+         // `type/subtype` rules.  `*` may be used as a wildcard..
+         // Examples:
+         //  `validationError=disconnected_way/*`
+         //  `validationError=disconnected_way/highway`
+         //  `validationError=crossing_ways/bridge*`
+         //  `validationError=crossing_ways/bridge*,crossing_ways/tunnel*`
+
+         var _errorOverrides = parseHashParam(context.initialHashParams.validationError);
+
+         var _warningOverrides = parseHashParam(context.initialHashParams.validationWarning);
+
+         var _disableOverrides = parseHashParam(context.initialHashParams.validationDisable); // `parseHashParam()`   (private)
+         // Checks hash parameters for severity overrides
+         // Arguments
+         //   `param` - a url hash parameter (`validationError`, `validationWarning`, or `validationDisable`)
+         // Returns
+         //   Array of Objects like { type: RegExp, subtype: RegExp }
+         //
 
-         function osmoseSaveSection(selection) {
-           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-           var isShown = _qaItem && isSelected;
-           var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save').data(isShown ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
-           }); // exit
+         function parseHashParam(param) {
+           var result = [];
+           var rules = (param || '').split(',');
+           rules.forEach(function (rule) {
+             rule = rule.trim();
+             var parts = rule.split('/', 2); // "type/subtype"
+
+             var type = parts[0];
+             var subtype = parts[1] || '*';
+             if (!type || !subtype) return;
+             result.push({
+               type: makeRegExp(type),
+               subtype: makeRegExp(subtype)
+             });
+           });
+           return result;
 
-           saveSection.exit().remove(); // enter
+           function makeRegExp(str) {
+             var escaped = str.replace(/[-\/\\^$+?.()|[\]{}]/g, '\\$&') // escape all reserved chars except for the '*'
+             .replace(/\*/g, '.*'); // treat a '*' like '.*'
 
-           var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf'); // update
+             return new RegExp('^' + escaped + '$');
+           }
+         } // `init()`
+         // Initialize the validator, called once on iD startup
+         //
 
-           saveSection = saveSectionEnter.merge(saveSection).call(qaSaveButtons);
-         }
 
-         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
-           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
+         validator.init = function () {
+           Object.values(Validations).forEach(function (validation) {
+             if (typeof validation !== 'function') return;
+             var fn = validation(context);
+             var key = fn.type;
+             _rules[key] = fn;
+           });
+           var disabledRules = corePreferences('validate-disabledRules');
 
-           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
-             return d.status + d.id;
-           }); // exit
+           if (disabledRules) {
+             disabledRules.split(',').forEach(function (k) {
+               return _disabledRules[k] = true;
+             });
+           }
+         }; // `reset()`   (private)
+         // Cancels deferred work and resets all caches
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `resetIgnored` - `true` to clear the list of user-ignored issues
+         //
 
-           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
-           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button close-button action');
-           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button ignore-button action'); // update
+         function reset(resetIgnored) {
+           // cancel deferred work
+           _deferredRIC.forEach(window.cancelIdleCallback);
 
-           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
-           buttonSection.select('.close-button').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.close')).on('click.close', function (d3_event, d) {
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+           _deferredRIC.clear();
 
-             var qaService = services.osmose;
+           _deferredST.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
 
-             if (qaService) {
-               d.newStatus = 'done';
-               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
-                 return dispatch$1.call('change', item);
-               });
-             }
-           });
-           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.ignore')).on('click.ignore', function (d3_event, d) {
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+           _deferredST.clear(); // empty queues and resolve any pending promise
 
-             var qaService = services.osmose;
 
-             if (qaService) {
-               d.newStatus = 'false';
-               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
-                 return dispatch$1.call('change', item);
-               });
-             }
-           });
-         } // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
+           _baseCache.queue = [];
+           _headCache.queue = [];
+           processQueue(_headCache);
+           processQueue(_baseCache); // clear caches
+
+           if (resetIgnored) _ignoredIssueIDs.clear();
+
+           _resolvedIssueIDs.clear();
 
+           _baseCache = validationCache('base');
+           _headCache = validationCache('head');
+           _completeDiff = {};
+           _headIsCurrent = false;
+         } // `reset()`
+         // clear caches, called whenever iD resets after a save or switches sources
+         // (clears out the _ignoredIssueIDs set also)
+         //
 
-         osmoseEditor.error = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return osmoseEditor;
-         };
 
-         return utilRebind(osmoseEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         validator.reset = function () {
+           reset(true);
+         }; // `resetIgnoredIssues()`
+         // clears out the _ignoredIssueIDs Set
+         //
 
-       function modeSelectError(context, selectedErrorID, selectedErrorService) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'select-error',
-           button: 'browse'
-         };
-         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-error');
-         var errorService = services[selectedErrorService];
-         var errorEditor;
 
-         switch (selectedErrorService) {
-           case 'improveOSM':
-             errorEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context).on('change', function () {
-               context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+         validator.resetIgnoredIssues = function () {
+           _ignoredIssueIDs.clear();
 
-               var error = checkSelectedID();
-               if (!error) return;
-               context.ui().sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
-             });
-             break;
+           dispatch.call('validated'); // redraw UI
+         }; // `revalidateUnsquare()`
+         // Called whenever the user changes the unsquare threshold
+         // It reruns just the "unsquare_way" validation on all buildings.
+         //
 
-           case 'keepRight':
-             errorEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context).on('change', function () {
-               context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
-               var error = checkSelectedID();
-               if (!error) return;
-               context.ui().sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
-             });
-             break;
+         validator.revalidateUnsquare = function () {
+           revalidateUnsquare(_headCache);
+           revalidateUnsquare(_baseCache);
+           dispatch.call('validated');
+         };
 
-           case 'osmose':
-             errorEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context).on('change', function () {
-               context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+         function revalidateUnsquare(cache) {
+           var checkUnsquareWay = _rules.unsquare_way;
+           if (!cache.graph || typeof checkUnsquareWay !== 'function') return; // uncache existing
 
-               var error = checkSelectedID();
-               if (!error) return;
-               context.ui().sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
-             });
-             break;
-         }
+           cache.uncacheIssuesOfType('unsquare_way');
+           var buildings = context.history().tree().intersects(geoExtent([-180, -90], [180, 90]), cache.graph) // everywhere
+           .filter(function (entity) {
+             return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
+           }); // rerun for all buildings
 
-         var behaviors = [behaviorBreathe(), behaviorHover(context), behaviorSelect(context), behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
+           buildings.forEach(function (entity) {
+             var detected = checkUnsquareWay(entity, cache.graph);
+             if (!detected.length) return;
+             cache.cacheIssues(detected);
+           });
+         } // `getIssues()`
+         // Gets all issues that match the given options
+         // This is called by many other places
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `options` Object like:
+         //   {
+         //     what: 'all',                  // 'all' or 'edited'
+         //     where: 'all',                 // 'all' or 'visible'
+         //     includeIgnored: false,        // true, false, or 'only'
+         //     includeDisabledRules: false   // true, false, or 'only'
+         //   }
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the issues
+         //
 
-         function checkSelectedID() {
-           if (!errorService) return;
-           var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
 
-           if (!error) {
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }
+         validator.getIssues = function (options) {
+           var opts = Object.assign({
+             what: 'all',
+             where: 'all',
+             includeIgnored: false,
+             includeDisabledRules: false
+           }, options);
+           var view = context.map().extent();
+           var seen = new Set();
+           var results = []; // collect head issues - present in the user edits
+
+           if (_headCache.graph && _headCache.graph !== _baseCache.graph) {
+             Object.values(_headCache.issuesByIssueID).forEach(function (issue) {
+               // In the head cache, only count features that the user is responsible for - #8632
+               // For example, a user can undo some work and an issue will still present in the
+               // head graph, but we don't want to credit the user for causing that issue.
+               var userModified = (issue.entityIds || []).some(function (id) {
+                 return _completeDiff.hasOwnProperty(id);
+               });
+               if (opts.what === 'edited' && !userModified) return; // present in head but user didn't touch it
 
-           return error;
-         }
+               if (!filter(issue)) return;
+               seen.add(issue.id);
+               results.push(issue);
+             });
+           } // collect base issues - present before user edits
 
-         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
-           if (!errorService) return;
-           var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
 
-           if (error) {
-             context.map().centerZoomEase(error.loc, 20);
+           if (opts.what === 'all') {
+             Object.values(_baseCache.issuesByIssueID).forEach(function (issue) {
+               if (!filter(issue)) return;
+               seen.add(issue.id);
+               results.push(issue);
+             });
            }
-         };
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           var error = checkSelectedID();
-           if (!error) return;
-           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
-           keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on('⎋', esc, true);
-           select(document).call(keybinding);
-           selectError();
-           var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
-           sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
-           context.map().on('drawn.select-error', selectError); // class the error as selected, or return to browse mode if the error is gone
+           return results; // Filter the issue set to include only what the calling code wants to see.
+           // Note that we use `context.graph()`/`context.hasEntity()` here, not `cache.graph`,
+           // because that is the graph that the calling code will be using.
 
-           function selectError(d3_event, drawn) {
-             if (!checkSelectedID()) return;
-             var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.itemId-' + selectedErrorID + '.' + selectedErrorService);
+           function filter(issue) {
+             if (!issue) return false;
+             if (seen.has(issue.id)) return false;
+             if (_resolvedIssueIDs.has(issue.id)) return false;
+             if (opts.includeDisabledRules === 'only' && !_disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
+             if (!opts.includeDisabledRules && _disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
+             if (opts.includeIgnored === 'only' && !_ignoredIssueIDs.has(issue.id)) return false;
+             if (!opts.includeIgnored && _ignoredIssueIDs.has(issue.id)) return false; // This issue may involve an entity that doesn't exist in context.graph()
+             // This can happen because validation is async and rendering the issue lists is async.
 
-             if (selection.empty()) {
-               // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
-               // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
-               var source = d3_event && d3_event.type === 'zoom' && d3_event.sourceEvent;
+             if ((issue.entityIds || []).some(function (id) {
+               return !context.hasEntity(id);
+             })) return false;
 
-               if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
-                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               }
-             } else {
-               selection.classed('selected', true);
-               context.selectedErrorID(selectedErrorID);
+             if (opts.where === 'visible') {
+               var extent = issue.extent(context.graph());
+               if (!view.intersects(extent)) return false;
              }
-           }
 
-           function esc() {
-             if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             return true;
            }
-         };
+         }; // `getResolvedIssues()`
+         // Gets the issues that have been fixed by the user.
+         //
+         // Resolved issues are tracked in the `_resolvedIssueIDs` Set,
+         // and they should all be issues that exist in the _baseCache.
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the issues
+         //
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
-           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
-           context.surface().selectAll('.qaItem.selected').classed('selected hover', false);
-           context.map().on('drawn.select-error', null);
-           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
-           context.selectedErrorID(null);
-           context.features().forceVisible([]);
-         };
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+         validator.getResolvedIssues = function () {
+           return Array.from(_resolvedIssueIDs).map(function (issueID) {
+             return _baseCache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+         }; // `focusIssue()`
+         // Adjusts the map to focus on the given issue.
+         // (requires the issue to have a reasonable extent defined)
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `issue` - the issue to focus on
+         //
 
-       function behaviorSelect(context) {
-         var _tolerancePx = 4; // see also behaviorDrag
 
-         var _lastMouseEvent = null;
-         var _showMenu = false;
-         var _downPointers = {};
-         var _longPressTimeout = null;
-         var _lastInteractionType = null; // the id of the down pointer that's enabling multiselection while down
+         validator.focusIssue = function (issue) {
+           // Note that we use `context.graph()`/`context.hasEntity()` here, not `cache.graph`,
+           // because that is the graph that the calling code will be using.
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var selectID;
+           var focusCenter; // Try to focus the map at the center of the issue..
 
-         var _multiselectionPointerId = null; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
+           var issueExtent = issue.extent(graph);
 
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+           if (issueExtent) {
+             focusCenter = issueExtent.center();
+           } // Try to select the first entity in the issue..
 
-         function keydown(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
-             // don't react to spacebar events during text input
-             var activeNode = document.activeElement;
-             if (activeNode && new Set(['INPUT', 'TEXTAREA']).has(activeNode.nodeName)) return;
-           }
 
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === 93 || // context menu key
-           d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
-             // spacebar
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-           }
+           if (issue.entityIds && issue.entityIds.length) {
+             selectID = issue.entityIds[0]; // If a relation, focus on one of its members instead.
+             // Otherwise we might be focusing on a part of map where the relation is not visible.
 
-           if (d3_event.repeat) return; // ignore repeated events for held keys
-           // if any key is pressed the user is probably doing something other than long-pressing
+             if (selectID && selectID.charAt(0) === 'r') {
+               // relation
+               var ids = utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs([selectID], graph);
+               var nodeID = ids.find(function (id) {
+                 return id.charAt(0) === 'n' && graph.hasEntity(id);
+               });
 
-           cancelLongPress();
+               if (!nodeID) {
+                 // relation has no downloaded nodes to focus on
+                 var wayID = ids.find(function (id) {
+                   return id.charAt(0) === 'w' && graph.hasEntity(id);
+                 });
 
-           if (d3_event.shiftKey) {
-             context.surface().classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
-           }
+                 if (wayID) {
+                   nodeID = graph.entity(wayID).first(); // focus on the first node of this way
+                 }
+               }
 
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
-             // spacebar
-             if (!_downPointers.spacebar && _lastMouseEvent) {
-               cancelLongPress();
-               _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, 'spacebar', 'spacebar');
-               _downPointers.spacebar = {
-                 firstEvent: _lastMouseEvent,
-                 lastEvent: _lastMouseEvent
-               };
+               if (nodeID) {
+                 focusCenter = graph.entity(nodeID).loc;
+               }
              }
            }
-         }
 
-         function keyup(d3_event) {
-           cancelLongPress();
+           if (focusCenter) {
+             // Adjust the view
+             var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
+             context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(focusCenter, setZoom);
+           }
 
-           if (!d3_event.shiftKey) {
-             context.surface().classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
+           if (selectID) {
+             // Enter select mode
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [selectID]));
+               dispatch.call('focusedIssue', _this, issue);
+             }, 250); // after ease
            }
+         }; // `getIssuesBySeverity()`
+         // Gets the issues then groups them by error/warning
+         // (This just calls getIssues, then puts issues in groups)
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `options` - (see `getIssues`)
+         // Returns
+         //   Object result like:
+         //   {
+         //     error:    Array of errors,
+         //     warning:  Array of warnings
+         //   }
+         //
 
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === 93) {
-             // context menu key
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             _lastInteractionType = 'menukey';
-             contextmenu(d3_event);
-           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
-             // spacebar
-             var pointer = _downPointers.spacebar;
 
-             if (pointer) {
-               delete _downPointers.spacebar;
-               if (pointer.done) return;
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               _lastInteractionType = 'spacebar';
-               click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, 'spacebar');
+         validator.getIssuesBySeverity = function (options) {
+           var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(validator.getIssues(options), 'severity');
+           groups.error = groups.error || [];
+           groups.warning = groups.warning || [];
+           return groups;
+         }; // `getEntityIssues()`
+         // Gets the issues that the given entity IDs have in common, matching the given options
+         // (This just calls getIssues, then filters for the given entity IDs)
+         // The issues are sorted for relevance
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityIDs` - Array or Set of entityIDs to get issues for
+         //   `options` - (see `getIssues`)
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the issues
+         //
+
+
+         validator.getSharedEntityIssues = function (entityIDs, options) {
+           var orderedIssueTypes = [// Show some issue types in a particular order:
+           'missing_tag', 'missing_role', // - missing data first
+           'outdated_tags', 'mismatched_geometry', // - identity issues
+           'crossing_ways', 'almost_junction', // - geometry issues where fixing them might solve connectivity issues
+           'disconnected_way', 'impossible_oneway' // - finally connectivity issues
+           ];
+           var allIssues = validator.getIssues(options);
+           var forEntityIDs = new Set(entityIDs);
+           return allIssues.filter(function (issue) {
+             return (issue.entityIds || []).some(function (entityID) {
+               return forEntityIDs.has(entityID);
+             });
+           }).sort(function (issue1, issue2) {
+             if (issue1.type === issue2.type) {
+               // issues of the same type, sort deterministically
+               return issue1.id < issue2.id ? -1 : 1;
              }
-           }
-         }
 
-         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
-           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
-           cancelLongPress();
-           if (d3_event.buttons && d3_event.buttons !== 1) return;
-           context.ui().closeEditMenu();
-           _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, id, 'longdown-' + (d3_event.pointerType || 'mouse'));
-           _downPointers[id] = {
-             firstEvent: d3_event,
-             lastEvent: d3_event
-           };
-         }
+             var index1 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue1.type);
+             var index2 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue2.type);
 
-         function didLongPress(id, interactionType) {
-           var pointer = _downPointers[id];
-           if (!pointer) return;
+             if (index1 !== -1 && index2 !== -1) {
+               // both issue types have explicit sort orders
+               return index1 - index2;
+             } else if (index1 === -1 && index2 === -1) {
+               // neither issue type has an explicit sort order, sort by type
+               return issue1.type < issue2.type ? -1 : 1;
+             } else {
+               // order explicit types before everything else
+               return index1 !== -1 ? -1 : 1;
+             }
+           });
+         }; // `getEntityIssues()`
+         // Get an array of detected issues for the given entityID.
+         // (This just calls getSharedEntityIssues for a single entity)
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityID` - the entity ID to get the issues for
+         //   `options` - (see `getIssues`)
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the issues
+         //
 
-           for (var i in _downPointers) {
-             // don't allow this or any currently down pointer to trigger another click
-             _downPointers[i].done = true;
-           } // treat long presses like right-clicks
 
+         validator.getEntityIssues = function (entityID, options) {
+           return validator.getSharedEntityIssues([entityID], options);
+         }; // `getRuleKeys()`
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the rule keys
+         //
 
-           _longPressTimeout = null;
-           _lastInteractionType = interactionType;
-           _showMenu = true;
-           click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, id);
-         }
 
-         function pointermove(d3_event) {
-           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
+         validator.getRuleKeys = function () {
+           return Object.keys(_rules);
+         }; // `isRuleEnabled()`
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `key` - the rule to check (e.g. 'crossing_ways')
+         // Returns
+         //   `true`/`false`
+         //
 
-           if (_downPointers[id]) {
-             _downPointers[id].lastEvent = d3_event;
-           }
 
-           if (!d3_event.pointerType || d3_event.pointerType === 'mouse') {
-             _lastMouseEvent = d3_event;
+         validator.isRuleEnabled = function (key) {
+           return !_disabledRules[key];
+         }; // `toggleRule()`
+         // Toggles a single validation rule,
+         // then reruns the validation so that the user sees something happen in the UI
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `key` - the rule to toggle (e.g. 'crossing_ways')
+         //
 
-             if (_downPointers.spacebar) {
-               _downPointers.spacebar.lastEvent = d3_event;
-             }
+
+         validator.toggleRule = function (key) {
+           if (_disabledRules[key]) {
+             delete _disabledRules[key];
+           } else {
+             _disabledRules[key] = true;
            }
-         }
 
-         function pointerup(d3_event) {
-           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
-           var pointer = _downPointers[id];
-           if (!pointer) return;
-           delete _downPointers[id];
+           corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
+           validator.validate();
+         }; // `disableRules()`
+         // Disables given validation rules,
+         // then reruns the validation so that the user sees something happen in the UI
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `keys` - Array or Set containing rule keys to disable
+         //
 
-           if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
-             _multiselectionPointerId = null;
-           }
 
-           if (pointer.done) return;
-           click(pointer.firstEvent, d3_event, id);
-         }
+         validator.disableRules = function (keys) {
+           _disabledRules = {};
+           keys.forEach(function (k) {
+             return _disabledRules[k] = true;
+           });
+           corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
+           validator.validate();
+         }; // `ignoreIssue()`
+         // Don't show the given issue in lists
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `issueID` - the issueID
+         //
 
-         function pointercancel(d3_event) {
-           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
-           if (!_downPointers[id]) return;
-           delete _downPointers[id];
 
-           if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
-             _multiselectionPointerId = null;
-           }
-         }
+         validator.ignoreIssue = function (issueID) {
+           _ignoredIssueIDs.add(issueID);
+         }; // `validate()`
+         // Validates anything that has changed in the head graph since the last time it was run.
+         // (head graph contains user's edits)
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   A Promise fulfilled when the validation has completed and then dispatches a `validated` event.
+         //   This may take time but happen in the background during browser idle time.
+         //
 
-         function contextmenu(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-           if (!+d3_event.clientX && !+d3_event.clientY) {
-             if (_lastMouseEvent) {
-               d3_event.sourceEvent = _lastMouseEvent;
-             } else {
-               return;
-             }
-           } else {
-             _lastMouseEvent = d3_event;
-             _lastInteractionType = 'rightclick';
+         validator.validate = function () {
+           // Make sure the caches have graphs assigned to them.
+           // (we don't do this in `reset` because context is still resetting things and `history.base()` is unstable then)
+           var baseGraph = context.history().base();
+           if (!_headCache.graph) _headCache.graph = baseGraph;
+           if (!_baseCache.graph) _baseCache.graph = baseGraph;
+           var prevGraph = _headCache.graph;
+           var currGraph = context.graph();
+
+           if (currGraph === prevGraph) {
+             // _headCache.graph is current - we are caught up
+             _headIsCurrent = true;
+             dispatch.call('validated');
+             return Promise.resolve();
            }
 
-           _showMenu = true;
-           click(d3_event, d3_event);
-         }
+           if (_headPromise) {
+             // Validation already in process, but we aren't caught up to current
+             _headIsCurrent = false; // We will need to catch up after the validation promise fulfills
 
-         function click(firstEvent, lastEvent, pointerId) {
-           cancelLongPress();
-           var mapNode = context.container().select('.main-map').node(); // Use the `main-map` coordinate system since the surface and supersurface
-           // are transformed when drag-panning.
+             return _headPromise;
+           } // If we get here, its time to start validating stuff.
 
-           var pointGetter = utilFastMouse(mapNode);
-           var p1 = pointGetter(firstEvent);
-           var p2 = pointGetter(lastEvent);
-           var dist = geoVecLength(p1, p2);
 
-           if (dist > _tolerancePx || !mapContains(lastEvent)) {
-             resetProperties();
-             return;
-           }
+           _headCache.graph = currGraph; // take snapshot
 
-           var targetDatum = lastEvent.target.__data__;
-           var multiselectEntityId;
+           _completeDiff = context.history().difference().complete();
+           var incrementalDiff = coreDifference(prevGraph, currGraph);
+           var entityIDs = Object.keys(incrementalDiff.complete());
+           entityIDs = _headCache.withAllRelatedEntities(entityIDs); // expand set
 
-           if (!_multiselectionPointerId) {
-             // If a different pointer than the one triggering this click is down on a
-             // feature, treat this and all future clicks as multiselection until that
-             // pointer is raised.
-             var selectPointerInfo = pointerDownOnSelection(pointerId);
+           if (!entityIDs.size) {
+             dispatch.call('validated');
+             return Promise.resolve();
+           }
 
-             if (selectPointerInfo) {
-               _multiselectionPointerId = selectPointerInfo.pointerId; // if the other feature isn't selected yet, make sure we select it
+           _headPromise = validateEntitiesAsync(entityIDs, _headCache).then(function () {
+             return updateResolvedIssues(entityIDs);
+           }).then(function () {
+             return dispatch.call('validated');
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           }).then(function () {
+             _headPromise = null;
 
-               multiselectEntityId = !selectPointerInfo.selected && selectPointerInfo.entityId;
-               _downPointers[selectPointerInfo.pointerId].done = true;
+             if (!_headIsCurrent) {
+               validator.validate(); // run it again to catch up to current graph
              }
-           } // support multiselect if data is already selected
+           });
+           return _headPromise;
+         }; // register event handlers:
+         // WHEN TO RUN VALIDATION:
+         // When history changes:
 
 
-           var isMultiselect = context.mode().id === 'select' && ( // and shift key is down
-           lastEvent && lastEvent.shiftKey || // or we're lasso-selecting
-           context.surface().select('.lasso').node() || // or a pointer is down over a selected feature
-           _multiselectionPointerId && !multiselectEntityId);
+         context.history().on('restore.validator', validator.validate) // on restore saved history
+         .on('undone.validator', validator.validate) // on undo
+         .on('redone.validator', validator.validate) // on redo
+         .on('reset.validator', function () {
+           // on history reset - happens after save, or enter/exit walkthrough
+           reset(false); // cached issues aren't valid any longer if the history has been reset
 
-           processClick(targetDatum, isMultiselect, p2, multiselectEntityId);
+           validator.validate();
+         }); // but not on 'change' (e.g. while drawing)
+         // When user changes editing modes (to catch recent changes e.g. drawing)
 
-           function mapContains(event) {
-             var rect = mapNode.getBoundingClientRect();
-             return event.clientX >= rect.left && event.clientX <= rect.right && event.clientY >= rect.top && event.clientY <= rect.bottom;
-           }
+         context.on('exit.validator', validator.validate); // When merging fetched data, validate base graph:
 
-           function pointerDownOnSelection(skipPointerId) {
-             var mode = context.mode();
-             var selectedIDs = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs() : [];
+         context.history().on('merge.validator', function (entities) {
+           if (!entities) return; // Make sure the caches have graphs assigned to them.
+           // (we don't do this in `reset` because context is still resetting things and `history.base()` is unstable then)
 
-             for (var pointerId in _downPointers) {
-               if (pointerId === 'spacebar' || pointerId === skipPointerId) continue;
-               var pointerInfo = _downPointers[pointerId];
-               var p1 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.firstEvent);
-               var p2 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.lastEvent);
-               if (geoVecLength(p1, p2) > _tolerancePx) continue;
-               var datum = pointerInfo.firstEvent.target.__data__;
-               var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity || datum;
-               if (context.graph().hasEntity(entity.id)) return {
-                 pointerId: pointerId,
-                 entityId: entity.id,
-                 selected: selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1
-               };
-             }
+           var baseGraph = context.history().base();
+           if (!_headCache.graph) _headCache.graph = baseGraph;
+           if (!_baseCache.graph) _baseCache.graph = baseGraph;
+           var entityIDs = entities.map(function (entity) {
+             return entity.id;
+           });
+           entityIDs = _baseCache.withAllRelatedEntities(entityIDs); // expand set
+
+           validateEntitiesAsync(entityIDs, _baseCache);
+         }); // `validateEntity()`   (private)
+         // Runs all validation rules on a single entity.
+         // Some things to note:
+         //  - Graph is passed in from whenever the validation was started.  Validators shouldn't use
+         //   `context.graph()` because this all happens async, and the graph might have changed
+         //   (for example, nodes getting deleted before the validation can run)
+         //  - Validator functions may still be waiting on something and return a "provisional" result.
+         //    In this situation, we will schedule to revalidate the entity sometime later.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entity` - The entity
+         //   `graph` - graph containing the entity
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   Object result like:
+         //   {
+         //     issues:       Array of detected issues
+         //     provisional:  `true` if provisional result, `false` if final result
+         //   }
+         //
 
-             return null;
-           }
-         }
+         function validateEntity(entity, graph) {
+           var result = {
+             issues: [],
+             provisional: false
+           };
+           Object.keys(_rules).forEach(runValidation); // run all rules
 
-         function processClick(datum, isMultiselect, point, alsoSelectId) {
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           var showMenu = _showMenu;
-           var interactionType = _lastInteractionType;
-           var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
-           if (entity) datum = entity;
+           return result; // runs validation and appends resulting issues
 
-           if (datum && datum.type === 'midpoint') {
-             // treat targeting midpoints as if targeting the parent way
-             datum = datum.parents[0];
-           }
+           function runValidation(key) {
+             var fn = _rules[key];
 
-           var newMode;
+             if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
+               console.error('no such validation rule = ' + key); // eslint-disable-line no-console
 
-           if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
-             // targeting an entity
-             var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
-             context.selectedNoteID(null);
-             context.selectedErrorID(null);
+               return;
+             }
 
-             if (!isMultiselect) {
-               // don't change the selection if we're toggling the menu atop a multiselection
-               if (!showMenu || selectedIDs.length <= 1 || selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) === -1) {
-                 if (alsoSelectId === datum.id) alsoSelectId = null;
-                 selectedIDs = (alsoSelectId ? [alsoSelectId] : []).concat([datum.id]); // always enter modeSelect even if the entity is already
-                 // selected since listeners may expect `context.enter` events,
-                 // e.g. in the walkthrough
+             var detected = fn(entity, graph);
 
-                 newMode = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeSelect(context, selectedIDs).selectBehavior(behavior);
-                 context.enter(newMode);
+             if (detected.provisional) {
+               // this validation should be run again later
+               result.provisional = true;
+             }
+
+             detected = detected.filter(applySeverityOverrides);
+             result.issues = result.issues.concat(detected); // If there are any override rules that match the issue type/subtype,
+             // adjust severity (or disable it) and keep/discard as quickly as possible.
+
+             function applySeverityOverrides(issue) {
+               var type = issue.type;
+               var subtype = issue.subtype || '';
+               var i;
+
+               for (i = 0; i < _errorOverrides.length; i++) {
+                 if (_errorOverrides[i].type.test(type) && _errorOverrides[i].subtype.test(subtype)) {
+                   issue.severity = 'error';
+                   return true;
+                 }
                }
-             } else {
-               if (selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) !== -1) {
-                 // clicked entity is already in the selectedIDs list..
-                 if (!showMenu) {
-                   // deselect clicked entity, then reenter select mode or return to browse mode..
-                   selectedIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
-                     return id !== datum.id;
-                   });
-                   newMode = selectedIDs.length ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeBrowse(context).selectBehavior(behavior);
-                   context.enter(newMode);
+
+               for (i = 0; i < _warningOverrides.length; i++) {
+                 if (_warningOverrides[i].type.test(type) && _warningOverrides[i].subtype.test(subtype)) {
+                   issue.severity = 'warning';
+                   return true;
                  }
-               } else {
-                 // clicked entity is not in the selected list, add it..
-                 selectedIDs = selectedIDs.concat([datum.id]);
-                 newMode = mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs);
-                 context.enter(newMode);
                }
+
+               for (i = 0; i < _disableOverrides.length; i++) {
+                 if (_disableOverrides[i].type.test(type) && _disableOverrides[i].subtype.test(subtype)) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
+               }
+
+               return true;
              }
-           } else if (datum && datum.__featurehash__ && !isMultiselect) {
-             // targeting custom data
-             context.selectedNoteID(null).enter(modeSelectData(context, datum));
-           } else if (datum instanceof osmNote && !isMultiselect) {
-             // targeting a note
-             context.selectedNoteID(datum.id).enter(modeSelectNote(context, datum.id));
-           } else if (datum instanceof QAItem & !isMultiselect) {
-             // targeting an external QA issue
-             context.selectedErrorID(datum.id).enter(modeSelectError(context, datum.id, datum.service));
-           } else {
-             // targeting nothing
-             context.selectedNoteID(null);
-             context.selectedErrorID(null);
+           }
+         } // `updateResolvedIssues()`   (private)
+         // Determine if any issues were resolved for the given entities.
+         // This is called by `validate()` after validation of the head graph
+         //
+         // Give the user credit for fixing an issue if:
+         // - the issue is in the base cache
+         // - the issue is not in the head cache
+         // - the user did something to one of the entities involved in the issue
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityIDs` - Array or Set containing entity IDs.
+         //
+
+
+         function updateResolvedIssues(entityIDs) {
+           entityIDs.forEach(function (entityID) {
+             var baseIssues = _baseCache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
+             if (!baseIssues) return;
+             baseIssues.forEach(function (issueID) {
+               // Check if the user did something to one of the entities involved in this issue.
+               // (This issue could involve multiple entities, e.g. disconnected routable features)
+               var issue = _baseCache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
+               var userModified = (issue.entityIds || []).some(function (id) {
+                 return _completeDiff.hasOwnProperty(id);
+               });
+
+               if (userModified && !_headCache.issuesByIssueID[issueID]) {
+                 // issue seems fixed
+                 _resolvedIssueIDs.add(issueID);
+               } else {
+                 // issue still not resolved
+                 _resolvedIssueIDs["delete"](issueID); // (did undo, or possibly fixed and then re-caused the issue)
+
+               }
+             });
+           });
+         } // `validateEntitiesAsync()`   (private)
+         // Schedule validation for many entities.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityIDs` - Array or Set containing entityIDs.
+         //   `graph` - the graph to validate that contains those entities
+         //   `cache` - the cache to store results in (_headCache or _baseCache)
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   A Promise fulfilled when the validation has completed.
+         //   This may take time but happen in the background during browser idle time.
+         //
+
+
+         function validateEntitiesAsync(entityIDs, cache) {
+           // Enqueue the work
+           var jobs = Array.from(entityIDs).map(function (entityID) {
+             if (cache.queuedEntityIDs.has(entityID)) return null; // queued already
+
+             cache.queuedEntityIDs.add(entityID); // Clear caches for existing issues related to this entity
+
+             cache.uncacheEntityID(entityID);
+             return function () {
+               cache.queuedEntityIDs["delete"](entityID);
+               var graph = cache.graph;
+               if (!graph) return; // was reset?
 
-             if (!isMultiselect && mode.id !== 'browse') {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-             }
-           }
+               var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID); // Sanity check: don't validate deleted entities
 
-           context.ui().closeEditMenu(); // always request to show the edit menu in case the mode needs it
+               if (!entity) return; // detect new issues and update caches
 
-           if (showMenu) context.ui().showEditMenu(point, interactionType);
-           resetProperties();
-         }
+               var result = validateEntity(entity, graph);
 
-         function cancelLongPress() {
-           if (_longPressTimeout) window.clearTimeout(_longPressTimeout);
-           _longPressTimeout = null;
-         }
+               if (result.provisional) {
+                 // provisional result
+                 cache.provisionalEntityIDs.add(entityID); // we'll need to revalidate this entity again later
+               }
 
-         function resetProperties() {
-           cancelLongPress();
-           _showMenu = false;
-           _lastInteractionType = null; // don't reset _lastMouseEvent since it might still be useful
-         }
+               cache.cacheIssues(result.issues); // update cache
+             };
+           }).filter(Boolean); // Perform the work in chunks.
+           // Because this will happen during idle callbacks, we want to choose a chunk size
+           // that won't make the browser stutter too badly.
 
-         function behavior(selection) {
-           resetProperties();
-           _lastMouseEvent = context.map().lastPointerEvent();
-           select(window).on('keydown.select', keydown).on('keyup.select', keyup).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', pointermove, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', pointerup, true).on('pointercancel.select', pointercancel, true).on('contextmenu.select-window', function (d3_event) {
-             // Edge and IE really like to show the contextmenu on the
-             // menubar when user presses a keyboard menu button
-             // even after we've already preventdefaulted the key event.
-             var e = d3_event;
+           cache.queue = cache.queue.concat(utilArrayChunk(jobs, 100)); // Perform the work
 
-             if (+e.clientX === 0 && +e.clientY === 0) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-             }
+           if (cache.queuePromise) return cache.queuePromise;
+           cache.queuePromise = processQueue(cache).then(function () {
+             return revalidateProvisionalEntities(cache);
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           })["finally"](function () {
+             return cache.queuePromise = null;
            });
-           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', pointerdown).on('contextmenu.select', contextmenu);
-           /*if (d3_event && d3_event.shiftKey) {
-               context.surface()
-                   .classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
-           }*/
-         }
+           return cache.queuePromise;
+         } // `revalidateProvisionalEntities()`   (private)
+         // Sometimes a validator will return a "provisional" result.
+         // In this situation, we'll need to revalidate the entity later.
+         // This function waits a delay, then places them back into the validation queue.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `cache` - The cache (_headCache or _baseCache)
+         //
 
-         behavior.off = function (selection) {
-           cancelLongPress();
-           select(window).on('keydown.select', null).on('keyup.select', null).on('contextmenu.select-window', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', null, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', null, true).on('pointercancel.select', null, true);
-           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', null).on('contextmenu.select', null);
-           context.surface().classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
-         };
 
-         return behavior;
-       }
+         function revalidateProvisionalEntities(cache) {
+           if (!cache.provisionalEntityIDs.size) return; // nothing to do
 
-       function behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('rejectedSelfIntersection');
-         var behavior = behaviorDraw(context); // Must be set by `drawWay.nodeIndex` before each install of this behavior.
+           var handle = window.setTimeout(function () {
+             _deferredST["delete"](handle);
 
-         var _nodeIndex;
+             if (!cache.provisionalEntityIDs.size) return; // nothing to do
 
-         var _origWay;
+             validateEntitiesAsync(Array.from(cache.provisionalEntityIDs), cache);
+           }, RETRY);
 
-         var _wayGeometry;
+           _deferredST.add(handle);
+         } // `processQueue(queue)`   (private)
+         // Process the next chunk of deferred validation work
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `cache` - The cache (_headCache or _baseCache)
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   A Promise fulfilled when the validation has completed.
+         //   This may take time but happen in the background during browser idle time.
+         //
 
-         var _headNodeID;
 
-         var _annotation;
+         function processQueue(cache) {
+           // console.log(`${cache.which} queue length ${cache.queue.length}`);
+           if (!cache.queue.length) return Promise.resolve(); // we're done
 
-         var _pointerHasMoved = false; // The osmNode to be placed.
-         // This is temporary and just follows the mouse cursor until an "add" event occurs.
+           var chunk = cache.queue.pop();
+           return new Promise(function (resolvePromise) {
+             var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+               _deferredRIC["delete"](handle); // const t0 = performance.now();
 
-         var _drawNode;
 
-         var _didResolveTempEdit = false;
+               chunk.forEach(function (job) {
+                 return job();
+               }); // const t1 = performance.now();
+               // console.log('chunk processed in ' + (t1 - t0) + ' ms');
 
-         function createDrawNode(loc) {
-           // don't make the draw node until we actually need it
-           _drawNode = osmNode({
-             loc: loc
+               resolvePromise();
+             });
+
+             _deferredRIC.add(handle);
+           }).then(function () {
+             // dispatch an event sometimes to redraw various UI things
+             if (cache.queue.length % 25 === 0) dispatch.call('validated');
+           }).then(function () {
+             return processQueue(cache);
            });
-           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-           context.replace(function actionAddDrawNode(graph) {
-             // add the draw node to the graph and insert it into the way
-             var way = graph.entity(wayID);
-             return graph.replace(_drawNode).replace(way.addNode(_drawNode.id, _nodeIndex));
-           }, _annotation);
-           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-           setActiveElements();
          }
 
-         function removeDrawNode() {
-           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-           context.replace(function actionDeleteDrawNode(graph) {
-             var way = graph.entity(wayID);
-             return graph.replace(way.removeNode(_drawNode.id)).remove(_drawNode);
-           }, _annotation);
-           _drawNode = undefined;
-           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-         }
+         return validator;
+       } // `validationCache()`   (private)
+       // Creates a cache to store validation state
+       // We create 2 of these:
+       //   `_baseCache` for validation on the base graph (unedited)
+       //   `_headCache` for validation on the head graph (user edits applied)
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `which` - just a String 'base' or 'head' to keep track of it
+       //
 
-         function keydown(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-             if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
-               context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', true);
+       function validationCache(which) {
+         var cache = {
+           which: which,
+           graph: null,
+           queue: [],
+           queuePromise: null,
+           queuedEntityIDs: new Set(),
+           provisionalEntityIDs: new Set(),
+           issuesByIssueID: {},
+           // issue.id -> issue
+           issuesByEntityID: {} // entity.id -> Set(issue.id)
+
+         };
+
+         cache.cacheIssue = function (issue) {
+           (issue.entityIds || []).forEach(function (entityID) {
+             if (!cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID]) {
+               cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID] = new Set();
              }
 
-             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-disabled', true);
-           }
-         }
+             cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID].add(issue.id);
+           });
+           cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id] = issue;
+         };
 
-         function keyup(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-             if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
-               context.surface().classed('nope', true);
+         cache.uncacheIssue = function (issue) {
+           (issue.entityIds || []).forEach(function (entityID) {
+             if (cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID]) {
+               cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID]["delete"](issue.id);
              }
+           });
+           delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
+         };
 
-             context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false);
-           }
-         }
+         cache.cacheIssues = function (issues) {
+           issues.forEach(cache.cacheIssue);
+         };
 
-         function allowsVertex(d) {
-           return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
-         } // related code
-         // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
-         // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
-         // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
+         cache.uncacheIssues = function (issues) {
+           issues.forEach(cache.uncacheIssue);
+         };
 
+         cache.uncacheIssuesOfType = function (type) {
+           var issuesOfType = Object.values(cache.issuesByIssueID).filter(function (issue) {
+             return issue.type === type;
+           });
+           cache.uncacheIssues(issuesOfType);
+         }; // Remove a single entity and all its related issues from the caches
 
-         function move(d3_event, datum) {
-           var loc = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
-           if (!_drawNode) createDrawNode(loc);
-           context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', d3_event.altKey);
-           var targetLoc = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity && allowsVertex(datum.properties.entity) && datum.properties.entity.loc;
-           var targetNodes = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.nodes;
 
-           if (targetLoc) {
-             // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
-             loc = targetLoc;
-           } else if (targetNodes) {
-             // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
-             var choice = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, _drawNode.id);
+         cache.uncacheEntityID = function (entityID) {
+           var entityIssueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
 
-             if (choice) {
-               loc = choice.loc;
-             }
-           }
+           if (entityIssueIDs) {
+             entityIssueIDs.forEach(function (issueID) {
+               var issue = cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
 
-           context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
-           _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
-           checkGeometry(true
-           /* includeDrawNode */
-           );
-         } // Check whether this edit causes the geometry to break.
-         // If so, class the surface with a nope cursor.
-         // `includeDrawNode` - Only check the relevant line segments if finishing drawing
+               if (issue) {
+                 cache.uncacheIssue(issue);
+               } else {
+                 // shouldn't happen, clean up
+                 delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
+               }
+             });
+           }
 
+           delete cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
+           cache.provisionalEntityIDs["delete"](entityID);
+         }; // Return the expandeded set of entityIDs related to issues for the given entityIDs
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityIDs` - Array or Set containing entityIDs.
+         //
 
-         function checkGeometry(includeDrawNode) {
-           var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
-           var isInvalid = isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode);
 
-           if (nopeDisabled) {
-             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
-           } else {
-             context.surface().classed('nope', isInvalid).classed('nope-suppressed', false);
-           }
-         }
+         cache.withAllRelatedEntities = function (entityIDs) {
+           var result = new Set();
+           (entityIDs || []).forEach(function (entityID) {
+             result.add(entityID); // include self
 
-         function isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode) {
-           var testNode = _drawNode; // we only need to test the single way we're drawing
+             var entityIssueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
 
-           var parentWay = context.graph().entity(wayID);
-           var nodes = context.graph().childNodes(parentWay).slice(); // shallow copy
+             if (entityIssueIDs) {
+               entityIssueIDs.forEach(function (issueID) {
+                 var issue = cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
 
-           if (includeDrawNode) {
-             if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
-               // don't test the last segment for closed ways - #4655
-               // (still test the first segment)
-               nodes.pop();
-             }
-           } else {
-             // discount the draw node
-             if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
-               if (nodes.length < 3) return false;
-               if (_drawNode) nodes.splice(-2, 1);
-               testNode = nodes[nodes.length - 2];
-             } else {
-               // there's nothing we need to test if we ignore the draw node on open ways
-               return false;
+                 if (issue) {
+                   (issue.entityIds || []).forEach(function (relatedID) {
+                     return result.add(relatedID);
+                   });
+                 } else {
+                   // shouldn't happen, clean up
+                   delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
+                 }
+               });
              }
-           }
+           });
+           return result;
+         };
 
-           return testNode && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, testNode.id);
-         }
+         return cache;
+       }
 
-         function undone() {
-           // undoing removed the temp edit
-           _didResolveTempEdit = true;
-           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-           var nextMode;
+       function coreUploader(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8( // Start and end events are dispatched exactly once each per legitimate outside call to `save`
+         'saveStarted', // dispatched as soon as a call to `save` has been deemed legitimate
+         'saveEnded', // dispatched after the result event has been dispatched
+         'willAttemptUpload', // dispatched before the actual upload call occurs, if it will
+         'progressChanged', // Each save results in one of these outcomes:
+         'resultNoChanges', // upload wasn't attempted since there were no edits
+         'resultErrors', // upload failed due to errors
+         'resultConflicts', // upload failed due to data conflicts
+         'resultSuccess' // upload completed without errors
+         );
+         var _isSaving = false;
+         var _conflicts = [];
+         var _errors = [];
 
-           if (context.graph() === startGraph) {
-             // We've undone back to the initial state before we started drawing.
-             // Just exit the draw mode without undoing whatever we did before
-             // we entered the draw mode.
-             nextMode = modeSelect(context, [wayID]);
-           } else {
-             // The `undo` only removed the temporary edit, so here we have to
-             // manually undo to actually remove the last node we added. We can't
-             // use the `undo` function since the initial "add" graph doesn't have
-             // an annotation and so cannot be undone to.
-             context.pop(1); // continue drawing
+         var _origChanges;
 
-             nextMode = mode;
-           } // clear the redo stack by adding and removing a blank edit
+         var _discardTags = {};
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded').then(function (d) {
+           _discardTags = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
+         var uploader = utilRebind({}, dispatch, 'on');
 
+         uploader.isSaving = function () {
+           return _isSaving;
+         };
 
-           context.perform(actionNoop());
-           context.pop(1);
-           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-           context.enter(nextMode);
-         }
+         uploader.save = function (changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts) {
+           // Guard against accidentally entering save code twice - #4641
+           if (_isSaving && !tryAgain) {
+             return;
+           }
 
-         function setActiveElements() {
-           if (!_drawNode) return;
-           context.surface().selectAll('.' + _drawNode.id).classed('active', true);
-         }
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return; // If user somehow got logged out mid-save, try to reauthenticate..
+           // This can happen if they were logged in from before, but the tokens are no longer valid.
 
-         function resetToStartGraph() {
-           while (context.graph() !== startGraph) {
-             context.pop();
+           if (!osm.authenticated()) {
+             osm.authenticate(function (err) {
+               if (!err) {
+                 uploader.save(changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts); // continue where we left off..
+               }
+             });
+             return;
            }
-         }
 
-         var drawWay = function drawWay(surface) {
-           _drawNode = undefined;
-           _didResolveTempEdit = false;
-           _origWay = context.entity(wayID);
-           _headNodeID = typeof _nodeIndex === 'number' ? _origWay.nodes[_nodeIndex] : _origWay.isClosed() ? _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 2] : _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 1];
-           _wayGeometry = _origWay.geometry(context.graph());
-           _annotation = _t((_origWay.nodes.length === (_origWay.isClosed() ? 2 : 1) ? 'operations.start.annotation.' : 'operations.continue.annotation.') + _wayGeometry);
-           _pointerHasMoved = false; // Push an annotated state for undo to return back to.
-           // We must make sure to replace or remove it later.
+           if (!_isSaving) {
+             _isSaving = true;
+             dispatch.call('saveStarted', this);
+           }
 
-           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-           context.perform(actionNoop(), _annotation);
-           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-           behavior.hover().initialNodeID(_headNodeID);
-           behavior.on('move', function () {
-             _pointerHasMoved = true;
-             move.apply(this, arguments);
-           }).on('down', function () {
-             move.apply(this, arguments);
-           }).on('downcancel', function () {
-             if (_drawNode) removeDrawNode();
-           }).on('click', drawWay.add).on('clickWay', drawWay.addWay).on('clickNode', drawWay.addNode).on('undo', context.undo).on('cancel', drawWay.cancel).on('finish', drawWay.finish);
-           select(window).on('keydown.drawWay', keydown).on('keyup.drawWay', keyup);
-           context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false).on('drawn.draw', setActiveElements);
-           setActiveElements();
-           surface.call(behavior);
-           context.history().on('undone.draw', undone);
-         };
+           var history = context.history();
+           _conflicts = [];
+           _errors = []; // Store original changes, in case user wants to download them as an .osc file
 
-         drawWay.off = function (surface) {
-           if (!_didResolveTempEdit) {
-             // Drawing was interrupted unexpectedly.
-             // This can happen if the user changes modes,
-             // clicks geolocate button, a hashchange event occurs, etc.
-             context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-             resetToStartGraph();
-             context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-           }
+           _origChanges = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags)); // First time, `history.perform` a no-op action.
+           // Any conflict resolutions will be done as `history.replace`
+           // Remember to pop this later if needed
 
-           _drawNode = undefined;
-           _nodeIndex = undefined;
-           context.map().on('drawn.draw', null);
-           surface.call(behavior.off).selectAll('.active').classed('active', false);
-           surface.classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false);
-           select(window).on('keydown.drawWay', null).on('keyup.drawWay', null);
-           context.history().on('undone.draw', null);
-         };
+           if (!tryAgain) {
+             history.perform(actionNoop());
+           } // Attempt a fast upload.. If there are conflicts, re-enter with `checkConflicts = true`
 
-         function attemptAdd(d, loc, doAdd) {
-           if (_drawNode) {
-             // move the node to the final loc in case move wasn't called
-             // consistently (e.g. on touch devices)
-             context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
-             _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
+
+           if (!checkConflicts) {
+             upload(changeset); // Do the full (slow) conflict check..
            } else {
-             createDrawNode(loc);
+             performFullConflictCheck(changeset);
            }
+         };
 
-           checkGeometry(true
-           /* includeDrawNode */
-           );
+         function performFullConflictCheck(changeset) {
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var history = context.history();
+           var localGraph = context.graph();
+           var remoteGraph = coreGraph(history.base(), true);
+           var summary = history.difference().summary();
+           var _toCheck = [];
 
-           if (d && d.properties && d.properties.nope || context.surface().classed('nope')) {
-             if (!_pointerHasMoved) {
-               // prevent the temporary draw node from appearing on touch devices
-               removeDrawNode();
-             }
+           for (var i = 0; i < summary.length; i++) {
+             var item = summary[i];
 
-             dispatch$1.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
-             return; // can't click here
+             if (item.changeType === 'modified') {
+               _toCheck.push(item.entity.id);
+             }
            }
 
-           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-           doAdd(); // we just replaced the temporary edit with the real one
+           var _toLoad = withChildNodes(_toCheck, localGraph);
 
-           _didResolveTempEdit = true;
-           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-           context.enter(mode);
-         } // Accept the current position of the drawing node
+           var _loaded = {};
+           var _toLoadCount = 0;
+           var _toLoadTotal = _toLoad.length;
+
+           if (_toCheck.length) {
+             dispatch.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);
 
+             _toLoad.forEach(function (id) {
+               _loaded[id] = false;
+             });
 
-         drawWay.add = function (loc, d) {
-           attemptAdd(d, loc, function () {// don't need to do anything extra
-           });
-         }; // Connect the way to an existing way
+             osm.loadMultiple(_toLoad, loaded);
+           } else {
+             upload(changeset);
+           }
 
+           return;
 
-         drawWay.addWay = function (loc, edge, d) {
-           attemptAdd(d, loc, function () {
-             context.replace(actionAddMidpoint({
-               loc: loc,
-               edge: edge
-             }, _drawNode), _annotation);
-           });
-         }; // Connect the way to an existing node
+           function withChildNodes(ids, graph) {
+             var s = new Set(ids);
+             ids.forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = graph.entity(id);
+               if (entity.type !== 'way') return;
+               graph.childNodes(entity).forEach(function (child) {
+                 if (child.version !== undefined) {
+                   s.add(child.id);
+                 }
+               });
+             });
+             return Array.from(s);
+           } // Reload modified entities into an alternate graph and check for conflicts..
 
 
-         drawWay.addNode = function (node, d) {
-           // finish drawing if the mapper targets the prior node
-           if (node.id === _headNodeID || // or the first node when drawing an area
-           _origWay.isClosed() && node.id === _origWay.first()) {
-             drawWay.finish();
-             return;
-           }
+           function loaded(err, result) {
+             if (_errors.length) return;
 
-           attemptAdd(d, node.loc, function () {
-             context.replace(function actionReplaceDrawNode(graph) {
-               // remove the temporary draw node and insert the existing node
-               // at the same index
-               graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(wayID).removeNode(_drawNode.id)).remove(_drawNode);
-               return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayID).addNode(node.id, _nodeIndex));
-             }, _annotation);
-           });
-         }; // Finish the draw operation, removing the temporary edit.
-         // If the way has enough nodes to be valid, it's selected.
-         // Otherwise, delete everything and return to browse mode.
+             if (err) {
+               _errors.push({
+                 msg: err.message || err.responseText,
+                 details: [_t('save.status_code', {
+                   code: err.status
+                 })]
+               });
 
+               didResultInErrors();
+             } else {
+               var loadMore = [];
+               result.data.forEach(function (entity) {
+                 remoteGraph.replace(entity);
+                 _loaded[entity.id] = true;
+                 _toLoad = _toLoad.filter(function (val) {
+                   return val !== entity.id;
+                 });
+                 if (!entity.visible) return; // Because loadMultiple doesn't download /full like loadEntity,
+                 // need to also load children that aren't already being checked..
 
-         drawWay.finish = function () {
-           checkGeometry(false
-           /* includeDrawNode */
-           );
+                 var i, id;
 
-           if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
-             dispatch$1.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
-             return; // can't click here
-           }
+                 if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                   for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
+                     id = entity.nodes[i];
 
-           context.pauseChangeDispatch(); // remove the temporary edit
+                     if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
+                       _loaded[id] = false;
+                       loadMore.push(id);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
+                   for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
+                     id = entity.members[i].id;
 
-           context.pop(1);
-           _didResolveTempEdit = true;
-           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-           var way = context.hasEntity(wayID);
+                     if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
+                       _loaded[id] = false;
+                       loadMore.push(id);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               });
+               _toLoadCount += result.data.length;
+               _toLoadTotal += loadMore.length;
+               dispatch.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);
 
-           if (!way || way.isDegenerate()) {
-             drawWay.cancel();
-             return;
+               if (loadMore.length) {
+                 _toLoad.push.apply(_toLoad, loadMore);
+
+                 osm.loadMultiple(loadMore, loaded);
+               }
+
+               if (!_toLoad.length) {
+                 detectConflicts();
+                 upload(changeset);
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
-           }, 1000);
-           var isNewFeature = !mode.isContinuing;
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [wayID]).newFeature(isNewFeature));
-         }; // Cancel the draw operation, delete everything, and return to browse mode.
+           function detectConflicts() {
+             function choice(id, text, _action) {
+               return {
+                 id: id,
+                 text: text,
+                 action: function action() {
+                   history.replace(_action);
+                 }
+               };
+             }
+
+             function formatUser(d) {
+               return '<a href="' + osm.userURL(d) + '" target="_blank">' + d + '</a>';
+             }
 
+             function entityName(entity) {
+               return utilDisplayName(entity) || utilDisplayType(entity.id) + ' ' + entity.id;
+             }
 
-         drawWay.cancel = function () {
-           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-           resetToStartGraph();
-           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
-           }, 1000);
-           context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-disabled', false).classed('nope-suppressed', false);
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-         };
+             function sameVersions(local, remote) {
+               if (local.version !== remote.version) return false;
 
-         drawWay.nodeIndex = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _nodeIndex;
-           _nodeIndex = val;
-           return drawWay;
-         };
+               if (local.type === 'way') {
+                 var children = utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes);
 
-         drawWay.activeID = function () {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _drawNode && _drawNode.id; // no assign
+                 for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+                   var a = localGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
+                   var b = remoteGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
+                   if (a && b && a.version !== b.version) return false;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           return drawWay;
-         };
+               return true;
+             }
 
-         return utilRebind(drawWay, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             _toCheck.forEach(function (id) {
+               var local = localGraph.entity(id);
+               var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);
+               if (sameVersions(local, remote)) return;
+               var merge = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags, formatUser);
+               history.replace(merge);
+               var mergeConflicts = merge.conflicts();
+               if (!mergeConflicts.length) return; // merged safely
 
-       function modeDrawLine(context, wayID, startGraph, button, affix, continuing) {
-         var mode = {
-           button: button,
-           id: 'draw-line'
-         };
-         var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph).on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawLine', function () {
-           context.ui().flash.iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('self_intersection.error.lines'))();
-         });
-         mode.wayID = wayID;
-         mode.isContinuing = continuing;
+               var forceLocal = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_local');
+               var forceRemote = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_remote');
+               var keepMine = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_local' : 'restore'));
+               var keepTheirs = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_remote' : 'delete'));
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           behavior.nodeIndex(affix === 'prefix' ? 0 : undefined);
-           context.install(behavior);
-         };
+               _conflicts.push({
+                 id: id,
+                 name: entityName(local),
+                 details: mergeConflicts,
+                 chosen: 1,
+                 choices: [choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal), choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)]
+               });
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           context.uninstall(behavior);
-         };
+         function upload(changeset) {
+           var osm = context.connection();
 
-         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
-           return [wayID];
-         };
+           if (!osm) {
+             _errors.push({
+               msg: 'No OSM Service'
+             });
+           }
 
-         mode.activeID = function () {
-           return behavior && behavior.activeID() || [];
-         };
+           if (_conflicts.length) {
+             didResultInConflicts(changeset);
+           } else if (_errors.length) {
+             didResultInErrors();
+           } else {
+             var history = context.history();
+             var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+             if (changes.modified.length || changes.created.length || changes.deleted.length) {
+               dispatch.call('willAttemptUpload', this);
+               osm.putChangeset(changeset, changes, uploadCallback);
+             } else {
+               // changes were insignificant or reverted by user
+               didResultInNoChanges();
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-       function operationContinue(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var _entities = selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
-           return context.graph().entity(id);
-         });
+         function uploadCallback(err, changeset) {
+           if (err) {
+             if (err.status === 409) {
+               // 409 Conflict
+               uploader.save(changeset, true, true); // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = true
+             } else {
+               _errors.push({
+                 msg: err.message || err.responseText,
+                 details: [_t('save.status_code', {
+                   code: err.status
+                 })]
+               });
 
-         var _geometries = Object.assign({
-           line: [],
-           vertex: []
-         }, utilArrayGroupBy(_entities, function (entity) {
-           return entity.geometry(context.graph());
-         }));
+               didResultInErrors();
+             }
+           } else {
+             didResultInSuccess(changeset);
+           }
+         }
 
-         var _vertex = _geometries.vertex.length && _geometries.vertex[0];
+         function didResultInNoChanges() {
+           dispatch.call('resultNoChanges', this);
+           endSave();
+           context.flush(); // reset iD
+         }
 
-         function candidateWays() {
-           return _vertex ? context.graph().parentWays(_vertex).filter(function (parent) {
-             return parent.geometry(context.graph()) === 'line' && !parent.isClosed() && parent.affix(_vertex.id) && (_geometries.line.length === 0 || _geometries.line[0] === parent);
-           }) : [];
+         function didResultInErrors() {
+           context.history().pop();
+           dispatch.call('resultErrors', this, _errors);
+           endSave();
          }
 
-         var _candidates = candidateWays();
+         function didResultInConflicts(changeset) {
+           _conflicts.sort(function (a, b) {
+             return b.id.localeCompare(a.id);
+           });
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           var candidate = _candidates[0];
-           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, candidate.id, context.graph(), 'line', candidate.affix(_vertex.id), true));
-         };
+           dispatch.call('resultConflicts', this, changeset, _conflicts, _origChanges);
+           endSave();
+         }
 
-         operation.relatedEntityIds = function () {
-           return _candidates.length ? [_candidates[0].id] : [];
-         };
+         function didResultInSuccess(changeset) {
+           // delete the edit stack cached to local storage
+           context.history().clearSaved();
+           dispatch.call('resultSuccess', this, changeset); // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return _geometries.vertex.length === 1 && _geometries.line.length <= 1 && !context.features().hasHiddenConnections(_vertex, context.graph());
-         };
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             endSave();
+             context.flush(); // reset iD
+           }, 2500);
+         }
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           if (_candidates.length === 0) {
-             return 'not_eligible';
-           } else if (_candidates.length > 1) {
-             return 'multiple';
-           }
+         function endSave() {
+           _isSaving = false;
+           dispatch.call('saveEnded', this);
+         }
 
-           return false;
+         uploader.cancelConflictResolution = function () {
+           context.history().pop();
          };
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.continue.' + disable) : _t('operations.continue.description');
-         };
+         uploader.processResolvedConflicts = function (changeset) {
+           var history = context.history();
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.continue.annotation.line');
-         };
+           for (var i = 0; i < _conflicts.length; i++) {
+             if (_conflicts[i].chosen === 1) {
+               // user chose "use theirs"
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(_conflicts[i].id);
 
-         operation.id = 'continue';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.continue.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.continue.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+               if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
+                 var children = utilArrayUniq(entity.nodes);
 
-       function operationCopy(context, selectedIDs) {
-         function getFilteredIdsToCopy() {
-           return selectedIDs.filter(function (selectedID) {
-             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(selectedID); // don't copy untagged vertices separately from ways
+                 for (var j = 0; j < children.length; j++) {
+                   history.replace(actionRevert(children[j]));
+                 }
+               }
 
-             return entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex';
-           });
-         }
+               history.replace(actionRevert(_conflicts[i].id));
+             }
+           }
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           var graph = context.graph();
-           var selected = groupEntities(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), graph);
-           var canCopy = [];
-           var skip = {};
-           var entity;
-           var i;
+           uploader.save(changeset, true, false); // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = false
+         };
 
-           for (i = 0; i < selected.relation.length; i++) {
-             entity = selected.relation[i];
+         uploader.reset = function () {};
 
-             if (!skip[entity.id] && entity.isComplete(graph)) {
-               canCopy.push(entity.id);
-               skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
-             }
-           }
+         return uploader;
+       }
 
-           for (i = 0; i < selected.way.length; i++) {
-             entity = selected.way[i];
+       var $$3 = _export;
+       var fails = fails$N;
+       var expm1 = mathExpm1;
 
-             if (!skip[entity.id]) {
-               canCopy.push(entity.id);
-               skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
-             }
-           }
+       var abs = Math.abs;
+       var exp = Math.exp;
+       var E = Math.E;
 
-           for (i = 0; i < selected.node.length; i++) {
-             entity = selected.node[i];
+       var FORCED = fails(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-math-sinh -- required for testing
+         return Math.sinh(-2e-17) != -2e-17;
+       });
 
-             if (!skip[entity.id]) {
-               canCopy.push(entity.id);
-             }
-           }
+       // `Math.sinh` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.sinh
+       // V8 near Chromium 38 has a problem with very small numbers
+       $$3({ target: 'Math', stat: true, forced: FORCED }, {
+         sinh: function sinh(x) {
+           return abs(x = +x) < 1 ? (expm1(x) - expm1(-x)) / 2 : (exp(x - 1) - exp(-x - 1)) * (E / 2);
+         }
+       });
 
-           context.copyIDs(canCopy);
+       var isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2; // listen for DPI change, e.g. when dragging a browser window from a retina to non-retina screen
 
-           if (_point && (canCopy.length !== 1 || graph.entity(canCopy[0]).type !== 'node')) {
-             // store the anchor coordinates if copying more than a single node
-             context.copyLonLat(context.projection.invert(_point));
-           } else {
-             context.copyLonLat(null);
-           }
+       window.matchMedia("\n        (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), /* Safari */\n        (min-resolution: 2dppx),             /* standard */\n        (min-resolution: 192dpi)             /* fallback */\n    ").addListener(function () {
+         isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2;
+       });
+
+       function localeDateString(s) {
+         if (!s) return null;
+         var options = {
+           day: 'numeric',
+           month: 'short',
+           year: 'numeric'
          };
+         var d = new Date(s);
+         if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+         return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+       }
 
-         function groupEntities(ids, graph) {
-           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
-             return graph.entity(id);
-           });
-           return Object.assign({
-             relation: [],
-             way: [],
-             node: []
-           }, utilArrayGroupBy(entities, 'type'));
-         }
+       function vintageRange(vintage) {
+         var s;
 
-         function getDescendants(id, graph, descendants) {
-           var entity = graph.entity(id);
-           var children;
-           descendants = descendants || {};
+         if (vintage.start || vintage.end) {
+           s = vintage.start || '?';
 
-           if (entity.type === 'relation') {
-             children = entity.members.map(function (m) {
-               return m.id;
-             });
-           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-             children = entity.nodes;
-           } else {
-             children = [];
+           if (vintage.start !== vintage.end) {
+             s += ' - ' + (vintage.end || '?');
            }
+         }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-             if (!descendants[children[i]]) {
-               descendants[children[i]] = true;
-               descendants = getDescendants(children[i], graph, descendants);
-             }
-           }
+         return s;
+       }
 
-           return descendants;
-         }
+       function rendererBackgroundSource(data) {
+         var source = Object.assign({}, data); // shallow copy
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return getFilteredIdsToCopy().length > 0;
-         };
+         var _offset = [0, 0];
+         var _name = source.name;
+         var _description = source.description;
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           var extent = utilTotalExtent(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), context.graph());
+         var _best = !!source.best;
 
-           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large';
-           }
+         var _template = source.encrypted ? utilAesDecrypt(source.template) : source.template;
 
-           return false;
+         source.tileSize = data.tileSize || 256;
+         source.zoomExtent = data.zoomExtent || [0, 22];
+         source.overzoom = data.overzoom !== false;
+
+         source.offset = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _offset;
+           _offset = val;
+           return source;
          };
 
-         operation.availableForKeypress = function () {
-           var selection = window.getSelection && window.getSelection(); // if the user has text selected then let them copy that, not the selected feature
+         source.nudge = function (val, zoomlevel) {
+           _offset[0] += val[0] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
+           _offset[1] += val[1] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
+           return source;
+         };
 
-           return !selection || !selection.toString();
+         source.name = function () {
+           var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
+           return _t('imagery.' + id_safe + '.name', {
+             "default": _name
+           });
          };
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.copy.' + disable, {
-             n: selectedIDs.length
-           }) : _t('operations.copy.description', {
-             n: selectedIDs.length
+         source.label = function () {
+           var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
+           return _t.html('imagery.' + id_safe + '.name', {
+             "default": _name
            });
          };
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.copy.annotation', {
-             n: selectedIDs.length
+         source.description = function () {
+           var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
+           return _t.html('imagery.' + id_safe + '.description', {
+             "default": _description
            });
          };
 
-         var _point;
+         source.best = function () {
+           return _best;
+         };
 
-         operation.point = function (val) {
-           _point = val;
-           return operation;
+         source.area = function () {
+           if (!data.polygon) return Number.MAX_VALUE; // worldwide
+
+           var area = d3_geoArea({
+             type: 'MultiPolygon',
+             coordinates: [data.polygon]
+           });
+           return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
          };
 
-         operation.id = 'copy';
-         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘C')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.copy.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+         source.imageryUsed = function () {
+           return _name || source.id;
+         };
 
-       function operationDisconnect(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var _vertexIDs = [];
-         var _wayIDs = [];
-         var _otherIDs = [];
-         var _actions = [];
-         selectedIDs.forEach(function (id) {
-           var entity = context.entity(id);
+         source.template = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _template;
 
-           if (entity.type === 'way') {
-             _wayIDs.push(id);
-           } else if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex') {
-             _vertexIDs.push(id);
-           } else {
-             _otherIDs.push(id);
+           if (source.id === 'custom' || source.id === 'Bing') {
+             _template = val;
            }
-         });
 
-         var _coords,
-             _descriptionID = '',
-             _annotationID = 'features';
-
-         var _disconnectingVertexIds = [];
-         var _disconnectingWayIds = [];
+           return source;
+         };
 
-         if (_vertexIDs.length > 0) {
-           // At the selected vertices, disconnect the selected ways, if any, else
-           // disconnect all connected ways
-           _disconnectingVertexIds = _vertexIDs;
+         source.url = function (coord) {
+           var result = _template;
+           if (result === '') return result; // source 'none'
+           // Guess a type based on the tokens present in the template
+           // (This is for 'custom' source, where we don't know)
 
-           _vertexIDs.forEach(function (vertexID) {
-             var action = actionDisconnect(vertexID);
+           if (!source.type) {
+             if (/SERVICE=WMS|\{(proj|wkid|bbox)\}/.test(_template)) {
+               source.type = 'wms';
+               source.projection = 'EPSG:3857'; // guess
+             } else if (/\{(x|y)\}/.test(_template)) {
+               source.type = 'tms';
+             } else if (/\{u\}/.test(_template)) {
+               source.type = 'bing';
+             }
+           }
 
-             if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
-               var waysIDsForVertex = _wayIDs.filter(function (wayID) {
-                 var way = context.entity(wayID);
-                 return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
-               });
+           if (source.type === 'wms') {
+             var tileToProjectedCoords = function tileToProjectedCoords(x, y, z) {
+               //polyfill for IE11, PhantomJS
+               var sinh = Math.sinh || function (x) {
+                 var y = Math.exp(x);
+                 return (y - 1 / y) / 2;
+               };
 
-               action.limitWays(waysIDsForVertex);
-             }
+               var zoomSize = Math.pow(2, z);
+               var lon = x / zoomSize * Math.PI * 2 - Math.PI;
+               var lat = Math.atan(sinh(Math.PI * (1 - 2 * y / zoomSize)));
 
-             _actions.push(action);
+               switch (source.projection) {
+                 case 'EPSG:4326':
+                   return {
+                     x: lon * 180 / Math.PI,
+                     y: lat * 180 / Math.PI
+                   };
 
-             _disconnectingWayIds = _disconnectingWayIds.concat(context.graph().parentWays(context.graph().entity(vertexID)).map(function (d) {
-               return d.id;
-             }));
-           });
+                 default:
+                   // EPSG:3857 and synonyms
+                   var mercCoords = mercatorRaw(lon, lat);
+                   return {
+                     x: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[0],
+                     y: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[1]
+                   };
+               }
+             };
 
-           _disconnectingWayIds = utilArrayUniq(_disconnectingWayIds).filter(function (id) {
-             return _wayIDs.indexOf(id) === -1;
-           });
-           _descriptionID += _actions.length === 1 ? 'single_point.' : 'multiple_points.';
+             var tileSize = source.tileSize;
+             var projection = source.projection;
+             var minXmaxY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0], coord[1], coord[2]);
+             var maxXminY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0] + 1, coord[1] + 1, coord[2]);
+             result = result.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, function (token, key) {
+               switch (key) {
+                 case 'width':
+                 case 'height':
+                   return tileSize;
 
-           if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
-             _descriptionID += 'single_way.' + context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
-           } else {
-             _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 0 ? 'no_ways' : 'multiple_ways';
-           }
-         } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
-           // Disconnect the selected ways from each other, if they're connected,
-           // else disconnect them from all connected ways
-           var ways = _wayIDs.map(function (id) {
-             return context.entity(id);
-           });
+                 case 'proj':
+                   return projection;
 
-           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph());
-           _coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
-             return n.loc;
-           }); // actions for connected nodes shared by at least two selected ways
+                 case 'wkid':
+                   return projection.replace(/^EPSG:/, '');
 
-           var sharedActions = [];
-           var sharedNodes = []; // actions for connected nodes
+                 case 'bbox':
+                   // WMS 1.3 flips x/y for some coordinate systems including EPSG:4326 - #7557
+                   if (projection === 'EPSG:4326' && // The CRS parameter implies version 1.3 (prior versions use SRS)
+                   /VERSION=1.3|CRS={proj}/.test(source.template().toUpperCase())) {
+                     return maxXminY.y + ',' + minXmaxY.x + ',' + minXmaxY.y + ',' + maxXminY.x;
+                   } else {
+                     return minXmaxY.x + ',' + maxXminY.y + ',' + maxXminY.x + ',' + minXmaxY.y;
+                   }
 
-           var unsharedActions = [];
-           var unsharedNodes = [];
-           nodes.forEach(function (node) {
-             var action = actionDisconnect(node.id).limitWays(_wayIDs);
+                 case 'w':
+                   return minXmaxY.x;
 
-             if (action.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_connected') {
-               var count = 0;
+                 case 's':
+                   return maxXminY.y;
 
-               for (var i in ways) {
-                 var way = ways[i];
+                 case 'n':
+                   return maxXminY.x;
 
-                 if (way.nodes.indexOf(node.id) !== -1) {
-                   count += 1;
-                 }
+                 case 'e':
+                   return minXmaxY.y;
 
-                 if (count > 1) break;
+                 default:
+                   return token;
                }
+             });
+           } else if (source.type === 'tms') {
+             result = result.replace('{x}', coord[0]).replace('{y}', coord[1]) // TMS-flipped y coordinate
+             .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, coord[2]) - coord[1] - 1).replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, coord[2]) // only fetch retina tiles for retina screens
+             .replace(/\{@2x\}|\{r\}/, isRetina ? '@2x' : '');
+           } else if (source.type === 'bing') {
+             result = result.replace('{u}', function () {
+               var u = '';
 
-               if (count > 1) {
-                 sharedActions.push(action);
-                 sharedNodes.push(node);
-               } else {
-                 unsharedActions.push(action);
-                 unsharedNodes.push(node);
+               for (var zoom = coord[2]; zoom > 0; zoom--) {
+                 var b = 0;
+                 var mask = 1 << zoom - 1;
+                 if ((coord[0] & mask) !== 0) b++;
+                 if ((coord[1] & mask) !== 0) b += 2;
+                 u += b.toString();
                }
-             }
-           });
-           _descriptionID += 'no_points.';
-           _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 1 ? 'single_way.' : 'multiple_ways.';
 
-           if (sharedActions.length) {
-             // if any nodes are shared, only disconnect the selected ways from each other
-             _actions = sharedActions;
-             _disconnectingVertexIds = sharedNodes.map(function (node) {
-               return node.id;
-             });
-             _descriptionID += 'conjoined';
-             _annotationID = 'from_each_other';
-           } else {
-             // if no nodes are shared, disconnect the selected ways from all connected ways
-             _actions = unsharedActions;
-             _disconnectingVertexIds = unsharedNodes.map(function (node) {
-               return node.id;
+               return u;
              });
+           } // these apply to any type..
 
-             if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
-               _descriptionID += context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
-             } else {
-               _descriptionID += 'separate';
-             }
-           }
-         }
-
-         var _extent = utilTotalExtent(_disconnectingVertexIds, context.graph());
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           context.perform(function (graph) {
-             return _actions.reduce(function (graph, action) {
-               return action(graph);
-             }, graph);
-           }, operation.annotation());
-           context.validator().validate();
+           result = result.replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function (s, r) {
+             var subdomains = r.split(',');
+             return subdomains[(coord[0] + coord[1]) % subdomains.length];
+           });
+           return result;
          };
 
-         operation.relatedEntityIds = function () {
-           if (_vertexIDs.length) {
-             return _disconnectingWayIds;
-           }
-
-           return _disconnectingVertexIds;
+         source.validZoom = function (z) {
+           return source.zoomExtent[0] <= z && (source.overzoom || source.zoomExtent[1] > z);
          };
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           if (_actions.length === 0) return false;
-           if (_otherIDs.length !== 0) return false;
-           if (_vertexIDs.length !== 0 && _wayIDs.length !== 0 && !_wayIDs.every(function (wayID) {
-             return _vertexIDs.some(function (vertexID) {
-               var way = context.entity(wayID);
-               return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
-             });
-           })) return false;
-           return true;
+         source.isLocatorOverlay = function () {
+           return source.id === 'mapbox_locator_overlay';
          };
+         /* hides a source from the list, but leaves it available for use */
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           var reason;
-
-           for (var actionIndex in _actions) {
-             reason = _actions[actionIndex].disabled(context.graph());
-             if (reason) return reason;
-           }
-
-           if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large.' + ((_vertexIDs.length ? _vertexIDs : _wayIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
-           } else if (_coords && someMissing()) {
-             return 'not_downloaded';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
-           }
-
-           return false;
-
-           function someMissing() {
-             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-             var osm = context.connection();
-
-             if (osm) {
-               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
-                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
-               });
-
-               if (missing.length) {
-                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
-                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
-                 });
-                 return true;
-               }
-             }
 
-             return false;
-           }
+         source.isHidden = function () {
+           return source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Premium-vintage' || source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Standard-vintage';
          };
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-
-           if (disable) {
-             return _t('operations.disconnect.' + disable);
-           }
-
-           return _t('operations.disconnect.description.' + _descriptionID);
-         };
+         source.copyrightNotices = function () {};
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.disconnect.annotation.' + _annotationID);
+         source.getMetadata = function (center, tileCoord, callback) {
+           var vintage = {
+             start: localeDateString(source.startDate),
+             end: localeDateString(source.endDate)
+           };
+           vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);
+           var metadata = {
+             vintage: vintage
+           };
+           callback(null, metadata);
          };
 
-         operation.id = 'disconnect';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.disconnect.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.disconnect.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
+         return source;
        }
 
-       function operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var _affectedFeatureCount = 0;
+       rendererBackgroundSource.Bing = function (data, dispatch) {
+         // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/bingmaps/rest-services/imagery/get-imagery-metadata
+         // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/bingmaps/rest-services/directly-accessing-the-bing-maps-tiles
+         //fallback url template
+         data.template = 'https://ecn.t{switch:0,1,2,3}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{u}.jpeg?g=587&n=z';
+         var bing = rendererBackgroundSource(data); //var key = 'Arzdiw4nlOJzRwOz__qailc8NiR31Tt51dN2D7cm57NrnceZnCpgOkmJhNpGoppU'; // P2, JOSM, etc
 
-         var _downgradeType = downgradeTypeForEntityIDs(selectedIDs);
+         var key = 'Ak5oTE46TUbjRp08OFVcGpkARErDobfpuyNKa-W2mQ8wbt1K1KL8p1bIRwWwcF-Q'; // iD
 
-         var _multi = _affectedFeatureCount === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         /*
+         missing tile image strictness param (n=)
+         •   n=f -> (Fail) returns a 404
+         •   n=z -> (Empty) returns a 200 with 0 bytes (no content)
+         •   n=t -> (Transparent) returns a 200 with a transparent (png) tile
+         */
 
-         function downgradeTypeForEntityIDs(entityIds) {
-           var downgradeType;
-           _affectedFeatureCount = 0;
+         var strictParam = 'n';
+         var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial?include=ImageryProviders&uriScheme=https&key=' + key;
+         var cache = {};
+         var inflight = {};
+         var providers = [];
+         d3_json(url).then(function (json) {
+           var imageryResource = json.resourceSets[0].resources[0]; //retrieve and prepare up to date imagery template
 
-           for (var i in entityIds) {
-             var entityID = entityIds[i];
-             var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
+           var template = imageryResource.imageUrl; //https://ecn.{subdomain}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{quadkey}.jpeg?g=10339
 
-             if (type) {
-               _affectedFeatureCount += 1;
+           var subDomains = imageryResource.imageUrlSubdomains; //["t0, t1, t2, t3"]
 
-               if (downgradeType && type !== downgradeType) {
-                 if (downgradeType !== 'generic' && type !== 'generic') {
-                   downgradeType = 'building_address';
-                 } else {
-                   downgradeType = 'generic';
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 downgradeType = type;
-               }
-             }
+           var subDomainNumbers = subDomains.map(function (subDomain) {
+             return subDomain.substring(1);
+           }).join(',');
+           template = template.replace('{subdomain}', "t{switch:".concat(subDomainNumbers, "}")).replace('{quadkey}', '{u}');
+
+           if (!new URLSearchParams(template).has(strictParam)) {
+             template += "&".concat(strictParam, "=z");
            }
 
-           return downgradeType;
-         }
+           bing.template(template);
+           providers = imageryResource.imageryProviders.map(function (provider) {
+             return {
+               attribution: provider.attribution,
+               areas: provider.coverageAreas.map(function (area) {
+                 return {
+                   zoom: [area.zoomMin, area.zoomMax],
+                   extent: geoExtent([area.bbox[1], area.bbox[0]], [area.bbox[3], area.bbox[2]])
+                 };
+               })
+             };
+           });
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
 
-         function downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID) {
-           var graph = context.graph();
-           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
-           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-           if (!preset || preset.isFallback()) return null;
+         bing.copyrightNotices = function (zoom, extent) {
+           zoom = Math.min(zoom, 21);
+           return providers.filter(function (provider) {
+             return provider.areas.some(function (area) {
+               return extent.intersects(area.extent) && area.zoom[0] <= zoom && area.zoom[1] >= zoom;
+             });
+           }).map(function (provider) {
+             return provider.attribution;
+           }).join(', ');
+         };
 
-           if (entity.type === 'node' && preset.id !== 'address' && Object.keys(entity.tags).some(function (key) {
-             return key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/);
-           })) {
-             return 'address';
-           }
+         bing.getMetadata = function (center, tileCoord, callback) {
+           var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
+           var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], 21);
+           var centerPoint = center[1] + ',' + center[0]; // lat,lng
 
-           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial/' + centerPoint + '?zl=' + zoom + '&key=' + key;
+           if (inflight[tileID]) return;
 
-           if (geometry === 'area' && entity.tags.building && !preset.tags.building) {
-             return 'building';
+           if (!cache[tileID]) {
+             cache[tileID] = {};
            }
 
-           if (geometry === 'vertex' && Object.keys(entity.tags).length) {
-             return 'generic';
+           if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
+             return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
            }
 
-           return null;
-         }
+           inflight[tileID] = true;
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             delete inflight[tileID];
 
-         var buildingKeysToKeep = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer', 'source', 'type', 'wheelchair'];
-         var addressKeysToKeep = ['source'];
+             if (!result) {
+               throw new Error('Unknown Error');
+             }
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           context.perform(function (graph) {
-             for (var i in selectedIDs) {
-               var entityID = selectedIDs[i];
-               var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
-               if (!type) continue;
-               var tags = Object.assign({}, graph.entity(entityID).tags); // shallow copy
+             var vintage = {
+               start: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageStart),
+               end: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageEnd)
+             };
+             vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);
+             var metadata = {
+               vintage: vintage
+             };
+             cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
+             if (callback) callback(null, metadata);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             delete inflight[tileID];
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
+         };
 
-               for (var key in tags) {
-                 if (type === 'address' && addressKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1) continue;
+         bing.terms_url = 'https://blog.openstreetmap.org/2010/11/30/microsoft-imagery-details';
+         return bing;
+       };
 
-                 if (type === 'building') {
-                   if (buildingKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1 || key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) || key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) continue;
-                 }
+       rendererBackgroundSource.Esri = function (data) {
+         // in addition to using the tilemap at zoom level 20, overzoom real tiles - #4327 (deprecated technique, but it works)
+         if (data.template.match(/blankTile/) === null) {
+           data.template = data.template + '?blankTile=false';
+         }
 
-                 if (type !== 'generic') {
-                   if (key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/) || key.match(/^source:.{1,}/)) continue;
-                 }
+         var esri = rendererBackgroundSource(data);
+         var cache = {};
+         var inflight = {};
 
-                 delete tags[key];
-               }
+         var _prevCenter; // use a tilemap service to set maximum zoom for esri tiles dynamically
+         // https://developers.arcgis.com/documentation/tiled-elevation-service/
 
-               graph = actionChangeTags(entityID, tags)(graph);
-             }
 
-             return graph;
-           }, operation.annotation());
-           context.validator().validate(); // refresh the select mode to enable the delete operation
+         esri.fetchTilemap = function (center) {
+           // skip if we have already fetched a tilemap within 5km
+           if (_prevCenter && geoSphericalDistance(center, _prevCenter) < 5000) return;
+           _prevCenter = center; // tiles are available globally to zoom level 19, afterward they may or may not be present
 
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
-         };
+           var z = 20; // first generate a random url using the template
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return _downgradeType;
-         };
+           var dummyUrl = esri.url([1, 2, 3]); // calculate url z/y/x from the lat/long of the center of the map
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
-             return 'has_wikidata_tag';
-           }
+           var x = Math.floor((center[0] + 180) / 360 * Math.pow(2, z));
+           var y = Math.floor((1 - Math.log(Math.tan(center[1] * Math.PI / 180) + 1 / Math.cos(center[1] * Math.PI / 180)) / Math.PI) / 2 * Math.pow(2, z)); // fetch an 8x8 grid to leverage cache
 
-           return false;
+           var tilemapUrl = dummyUrl.replace(/tile\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\?blankTile=false/, 'tilemap') + '/' + z + '/' + y + '/' + x + '/8/8'; // make the request and introspect the response from the tilemap server
 
-           function hasWikidataTag(id) {
-             var entity = context.entity(id);
-             return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
-           }
-         };
+           d3_json(tilemapUrl).then(function (tilemap) {
+             if (!tilemap) {
+               throw new Error('Unknown Error');
+             }
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.downgrade.' + disable + '.' + _multi) : _t('operations.downgrade.description.' + _downgradeType);
-         };
+             var hasTiles = true;
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           var suffix;
+             for (var i = 0; i < tilemap.data.length; i++) {
+               // 0 means an individual tile in the grid doesn't exist
+               if (!tilemap.data[i]) {
+                 hasTiles = false;
+                 break;
+               }
+             } // if any tiles are missing at level 20 we restrict maxZoom to 19
 
-           if (_downgradeType === 'building_address') {
-             suffix = 'generic';
-           } else {
-             suffix = _downgradeType;
-           }
 
-           return _t('operations.downgrade.annotation.' + suffix, {
-             n: _affectedFeatureCount
+             esri.zoomExtent[1] = hasTiles ? 22 : 19;
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
            });
          };
 
-         operation.id = 'downgrade';
-         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌫')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.downgrade.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+         esri.getMetadata = function (center, tileCoord, callback) {
+           var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
+           var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], esri.zoomExtent[1]);
+           var centerPoint = center[0] + ',' + center[1]; // long, lat (as it should be)
 
-       function operationExtract(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var _amount = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+           var unknown = _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
+           var metadataLayer;
+           var vintage = {};
+           var metadata = {};
+           if (inflight[tileID]) return;
 
-         var _geometries = utilArrayUniq(selectedIDs.map(function (entityID) {
-           return context.graph().hasEntity(entityID) && context.graph().geometry(entityID);
-         }).filter(Boolean));
+           switch (true) {
+             case zoom >= 20 && esri.id === 'EsriWorldImageryClarity':
+               metadataLayer = 4;
+               break;
 
-         var _geometryID = _geometries.length === 1 ? _geometries[0] : 'feature';
+             case zoom >= 19:
+               metadataLayer = 3;
+               break;
 
-         var _extent;
+             case zoom >= 17:
+               metadataLayer = 2;
+               break;
 
-         var _actions = selectedIDs.map(function (entityID) {
-           var graph = context.graph();
-           var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
-           if (!entity || !entity.hasInterestingTags()) return null;
-           if (entity.type === 'node' && graph.parentWays(entity).length === 0) return null;
+             case zoom >= 13:
+               metadataLayer = 0;
+               break;
 
-           if (entity.type !== 'node') {
-             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph); // only allow extraction from ways/relations if the preset supports points
+             default:
+               metadataLayer = 99;
+           }
 
-             if (preset.geometry.indexOf('point') === -1) return null;
+           var url; // build up query using the layer appropriate to the current zoom
+
+           if (esri.id === 'EsriWorldImagery') {
+             url = 'https://services.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/World_Imagery/MapServer/';
+           } else if (esri.id === 'EsriWorldImageryClarity') {
+             url = 'https://serviceslab.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Clarity_World_Imagery/MapServer/';
            }
 
-           _extent = _extent ? _extent.extend(entity.extent(graph)) : entity.extent(graph);
-           return actionExtract(entityID);
-         }).filter(Boolean);
+           url += metadataLayer + '/query?returnGeometry=false&geometry=' + centerPoint + '&inSR=4326&geometryType=esriGeometryPoint&outFields=*&f=json';
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph) {
-             _actions.forEach(function (action) {
-               graph = action(graph);
-             });
+           if (!cache[tileID]) {
+             cache[tileID] = {};
+           }
 
-             return graph;
-           };
+           if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
+             return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
+           } // accurate metadata is only available >= 13
 
-           context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation()); // do the extract
 
-           var extractedNodeIDs = _actions.map(function (action) {
-             return action.getExtractedNodeID();
-           });
+           if (metadataLayer === 99) {
+             vintage = {
+               start: null,
+               end: null,
+               range: null
+             };
+             metadata = {
+               vintage: null,
+               source: unknown,
+               description: unknown,
+               resolution: unknown,
+               accuracy: unknown
+             };
+             callback(null, metadata);
+           } else {
+             inflight[tileID] = true;
+             d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+               delete inflight[tileID];
 
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, extractedNodeIDs));
-         };
+               if (!result) {
+                 throw new Error('Unknown Error');
+               } else if (result.features && result.features.length < 1) {
+                 throw new Error('No Results');
+               } else if (result.error && result.error.message) {
+                 throw new Error(result.error.message);
+               } // pass through the discrete capture date from metadata
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
-         };
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(function (entityID) {
-             return context.graph().geometry(entityID) === 'vertex' && context.hasHiddenConnections(entityID);
-           })) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
-           }
+               var captureDate = localeDateString(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_DATE2);
+               vintage = {
+                 start: captureDate,
+                 end: captureDate,
+                 range: captureDate
+               };
+               metadata = {
+                 vintage: vintage,
+                 source: clean(result.features[0].attributes.NICE_NAME),
+                 description: clean(result.features[0].attributes.NICE_DESC),
+                 resolution: clean(+parseFloat(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_RES).toFixed(4)),
+                 accuracy: clean(+parseFloat(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_ACC).toFixed(4))
+               }; // append units - meters
 
-           return false;
-         };
+               if (isFinite(metadata.resolution)) {
+                 metadata.resolution += ' m';
+               }
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disableReason = operation.disabled();
+               if (isFinite(metadata.accuracy)) {
+                 metadata.accuracy += ' m';
+               }
 
-           if (disableReason) {
-             return _t('operations.extract.' + disableReason + '.' + _amount);
-           } else {
-             return _t('operations.extract.description.' + _geometryID + '.' + _amount);
+               cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
+               if (callback) callback(null, metadata);
+             })["catch"](function (err) {
+               delete inflight[tileID];
+               if (callback) callback(err.message);
+             });
            }
-         };
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.extract.annotation', {
-             n: selectedIDs.length
-           });
+           function clean(val) {
+             return String(val).trim() || unknown;
+           }
          };
 
-         operation.id = 'extract';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.extract.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.extract.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
-
-       function operationMerge(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var _action = getAction();
-
-         function getAction() {
-           // prefer a non-disabled action first
-           var join = actionJoin(selectedIDs);
-           if (!join.disabled(context.graph())) return join;
-           var merge = actionMerge(selectedIDs);
-           if (!merge.disabled(context.graph())) return merge;
-           var mergePolygon = actionMergePolygon(selectedIDs);
-           if (!mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph())) return mergePolygon;
-           var mergeNodes = actionMergeNodes(selectedIDs);
-           if (!mergeNodes.disabled(context.graph())) return mergeNodes; // otherwise prefer an action with an interesting disabled reason
+         return esri;
+       };
 
-           if (join.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return join;
-           if (merge.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return merge;
-           if (mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return mergePolygon;
-           return mergeNodes;
-         }
+       rendererBackgroundSource.None = function () {
+         var source = rendererBackgroundSource({
+           id: 'none',
+           template: ''
+         });
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           if (operation.disabled()) return;
-           context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());
-           context.validator().validate();
-           var resultIDs = selectedIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
+         source.name = function () {
+           return _t('background.none');
+         };
 
-           if (resultIDs.length > 1) {
-             var interestingIDs = resultIDs.filter(function (id) {
-               return context.entity(id).hasInterestingTags();
-             });
-             if (interestingIDs.length) resultIDs = interestingIDs;
-           }
+         source.label = function () {
+           return _t.html('background.none');
+         };
 
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultIDs));
+         source.imageryUsed = function () {
+           return null;
          };
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return selectedIDs.length >= 2;
+         source.area = function () {
+           return -1; // sources in background pane are sorted by area
          };
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           var actionDisabled = _action.disabled(context.graph());
+         return source;
+       };
 
-           if (actionDisabled) return actionDisabled;
-           var osm = context.connection();
+       rendererBackgroundSource.Custom = function (template) {
+         var source = rendererBackgroundSource({
+           id: 'custom',
+           template: template
+         });
 
-           if (osm && _action.resultingWayNodesLength && _action.resultingWayNodesLength(context.graph()) > osm.maxWayNodes()) {
-             return 'too_many_vertices';
-           }
+         source.name = function () {
+           return _t('background.custom');
+         };
 
-           return false;
+         source.label = function () {
+           return _t.html('background.custom');
          };
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disabled = operation.disabled();
+         source.imageryUsed = function () {
+           // sanitize personal connection tokens - #6801
+           var cleaned = source.template(); // from query string parameters
 
-           if (disabled) {
-             if (disabled === 'restriction') {
-               return _t('operations.merge.restriction', {
-                 relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/restriction').name()
-               });
-             }
+           if (cleaned.indexOf('?') !== -1) {
+             var parts = cleaned.split('?', 2);
+             var qs = utilStringQs(parts[1]);
+             ['access_token', 'connectId', 'token'].forEach(function (param) {
+               if (qs[param]) {
+                 qs[param] = '{apikey}';
+               }
+             });
+             cleaned = parts[0] + '?' + utilQsString(qs, true); // true = soft encode
+           } // from wms/wmts api path parameters
 
-             return _t('operations.merge.' + disabled);
-           }
 
-           return _t('operations.merge.description');
+           cleaned = cleaned.replace(/token\/(\w+)/, 'token/{apikey}');
+           return 'Custom (' + cleaned + ' )';
          };
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.merge.annotation', {
-             n: selectedIDs.length
-           });
+         source.area = function () {
+           return -2; // sources in background pane are sorted by area
          };
 
-         operation.id = 'merge';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.merge.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.merge.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
-
-       function operationPaste(context) {
-         var _pastePoint;
-
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           if (!_pastePoint) return;
-           var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
-           if (!oldIDs.length) return;
-           var projection = context.projection;
-           var extent = geoExtent();
-           var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
-           var newIDs = [];
-           var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
-           context.perform(action);
-           var copies = action.copies();
-           var originals = new Set();
-           Object.values(copies).forEach(function (entity) {
-             originals.add(entity.id);
-           });
+         return source;
+       };
 
-           for (var id in copies) {
-             var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
-             var newEntity = copies[id];
+       function rendererTileLayer(context) {
+         var transformProp = utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
+         var tiler = utilTiler();
+         var _tileSize = 256;
 
-             extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph)); // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
+         var _projection;
 
+         var _cache = {};
 
-             var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
-             var parentCopied = parents.some(function (parent) {
-               return originals.has(parent.id);
-             });
+         var _tileOrigin;
 
-             if (!parentCopied) {
-               newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
-             }
-           } // Use the location of the copy operation to offset the paste location,
-           // or else use the center of the pasted extent
+         var _zoom;
 
+         var _source;
 
-           var copyPoint = context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat()) || projection(extent.center());
-           var delta = geoVecSubtract(_pastePoint, copyPoint); // Move the pasted objects to be anchored at the paste location
+         function tileSizeAtZoom(d, z) {
+           var EPSILON = 0.002; // close seams
 
-           context.replace(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection), operation.annotation());
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, newIDs));
-         };
+           return _tileSize * Math.pow(2, z - d[2]) / _tileSize + EPSILON;
+         }
 
-         operation.point = function (val) {
-           _pastePoint = val;
-           return operation;
-         };
+         function atZoom(t, distance) {
+           var power = Math.pow(2, distance);
+           return [Math.floor(t[0] * power), Math.floor(t[1] * power), t[2] + distance];
+         }
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return context.mode().id === 'browse';
-         };
+         function lookUp(d) {
+           for (var up = -1; up > -d[2]; up--) {
+             var tile = atZoom(d, up);
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           return !context.copyIDs().length;
-         };
+             if (_cache[_source.url(tile)] !== false) {
+               return tile;
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
-           var ids = context.copyIDs();
+         function uniqueBy(a, n) {
+           var o = [];
+           var seen = {};
 
-           if (!ids.length) {
-             return _t('operations.paste.nothing_copied');
+           for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+             if (seen[a[i][n]] === undefined) {
+               o.push(a[i]);
+               seen[a[i][n]] = true;
+             }
            }
 
-           return _t('operations.paste.description', {
-             feature: utilDisplayLabel(oldGraph.entity(ids[0]), oldGraph),
-             n: ids.length
-           });
-         };
+           return o;
+         }
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           var ids = context.copyIDs();
-           return _t('operations.paste.annotation', {
-             n: ids.length
-           });
-         };
+         function addSource(d) {
+           d.push(_source.url(d));
+           return d;
+         } // Update tiles based on current state of `projection`.
 
-         operation.id = 'paste';
-         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘V')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.paste.title');
-         return operation;
-       }
 
-       function operationReverse(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           context.perform(function combinedReverseAction(graph) {
-             actions().forEach(function (action) {
-               graph = action(graph);
-             });
-             return graph;
-           }, operation.annotation());
-           context.validator().validate();
-         };
+         function background(selection) {
+           _zoom = geoScaleToZoom(_projection.scale(), _tileSize);
+           var pixelOffset;
 
-         function actions(situation) {
-           return selectedIDs.map(function (entityID) {
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-             if (!entity) return null;
+           if (_source) {
+             pixelOffset = [_source.offset()[0] * Math.pow(2, _zoom), _source.offset()[1] * Math.pow(2, _zoom)];
+           } else {
+             pixelOffset = [0, 0];
+           }
 
-             if (situation === 'toolbar') {
-               if (entity.type === 'way' && !entity.isOneWay() && !entity.isSided()) return null;
-             }
+           var translate = [_projection.translate()[0] + pixelOffset[0], _projection.translate()[1] + pixelOffset[1]];
+           tiler.scale(_projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI).translate(translate);
+           _tileOrigin = [_projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[0], _projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[1]];
+           render(selection);
+         } // Derive the tiles onscreen, remove those offscreen and position them.
+         // Important that this part not depend on `_projection` because it's
+         // rentered when tiles load/error (see #644).
 
-             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
-             if (entity.type !== 'node' && geometry !== 'line') return null;
-             var action = actionReverse(entityID);
-             if (action.disabled(context.graph())) return null;
-             return action;
-           }).filter(Boolean);
-         }
 
-         function reverseTypeID() {
-           var acts = actions();
-           var nodeActionCount = acts.filter(function (act) {
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(act.entityID());
-             return entity && entity.type === 'node';
-           }).length;
-           if (nodeActionCount === 0) return 'line';
-           if (nodeActionCount === acts.length) return 'point';
-           return 'feature';
-         }
+         function render(selection) {
+           if (!_source) return;
+           var requests = [];
+           var showDebug = context.getDebug('tile') && !_source.overlay;
 
-         operation.available = function (situation) {
-           return actions(situation).length > 0;
-         };
+           if (_source.validZoom(_zoom)) {
+             tiler.skipNullIsland(!!_source.overlay);
+             tiler().forEach(function (d) {
+               addSource(d);
+               if (d[3] === '') return;
+               if (typeof d[3] !== 'string') return; // Workaround for #2295
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           return false;
-         };
+               requests.push(d);
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           return _t('operations.reverse.description.' + reverseTypeID());
-         };
+               if (_cache[d[3]] === false && lookUp(d)) {
+                 requests.push(addSource(lookUp(d)));
+               }
+             });
+             requests = uniqueBy(requests, 3).filter(function (r) {
+               // don't re-request tiles which have failed in the past
+               return _cache[r[3]] !== false;
+             });
+           }
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           var acts = actions();
-           return _t('operations.reverse.annotation.' + reverseTypeID(), {
-             n: acts.length
-           });
-         };
+           function load(d3_event, d) {
+             _cache[d[3]] = true;
+             select(this).on('error', null).on('load', null).classed('tile-loaded', true);
+             render(selection);
+           }
 
-         operation.id = 'reverse';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.reverse.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.reverse.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+           function error(d3_event, d) {
+             _cache[d[3]] = false;
+             select(this).on('error', null).on('load', null).remove();
+             render(selection);
+           }
 
-       function operationSplit(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var _vertexIds = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
-           return context.graph().geometry(id) === 'vertex';
-         });
+           function imageTransform(d) {
+             var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
 
-         var _selectedWayIds = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
-           var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(id);
-           return entity && entity.type === 'way';
-         });
+             var scale = tileSizeAtZoom(d, _zoom);
+             return 'translate(' + (d[0] * ts - _tileOrigin[0]) + 'px,' + (d[1] * ts - _tileOrigin[1]) + 'px) ' + 'scale(' + scale + ',' + scale + ')';
+           }
 
-         var _isAvailable = _vertexIds.length > 0 && _vertexIds.length + _selectedWayIds.length === selectedIDs.length;
+           function tileCenter(d) {
+             var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
 
-         var _action = actionSplit(_vertexIds);
+             return [d[0] * ts - _tileOrigin[0] + ts / 2, d[1] * ts - _tileOrigin[1] + ts / 2];
+           }
 
-         var _ways = [];
-         var _geometry = 'feature';
-         var _waysAmount = 'single';
+           function debugTransform(d) {
+             var coord = tileCenter(d);
+             return 'translate(' + coord[0] + 'px,' + coord[1] + 'px)';
+           } // Pick a representative tile near the center of the viewport
+           // (This is useful for sampling the imagery vintage)
 
-         var _nodesAmount = _vertexIds.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-         if (_isAvailable) {
-           if (_selectedWayIds.length) _action.limitWays(_selectedWayIds);
-           _ways = _action.ways(context.graph());
-           var geometries = {};
+           var dims = tiler.size();
+           var mapCenter = [dims[0] / 2, dims[1] / 2];
+           var minDist = Math.max(dims[0], dims[1]);
+           var nearCenter;
+           requests.forEach(function (d) {
+             var c = tileCenter(d);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(c, mapCenter);
 
-           _ways.forEach(function (way) {
-             geometries[way.geometry(context.graph())] = true;
+             if (dist < minDist) {
+               minDist = dist;
+               nearCenter = d;
+             }
+           });
+           var image = selection.selectAll('img').data(requests, function (d) {
+             return d[3];
+           });
+           image.exit().style(transformProp, imageTransform).classed('tile-removing', true).classed('tile-center', false).each(function () {
+             var tile = select(this);
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               if (tile.classed('tile-removing')) {
+                 tile.remove();
+               }
+             }, 300);
+           });
+           image.enter().append('img').attr('class', 'tile').attr('draggable', 'false').style('width', _tileSize + 'px').style('height', _tileSize + 'px').attr('src', function (d) {
+             return d[3];
+           }).on('error', error).on('load', load).merge(image).style(transformProp, imageTransform).classed('tile-debug', showDebug).classed('tile-removing', false).classed('tile-center', function (d) {
+             return d === nearCenter;
            });
+           var debug = selection.selectAll('.tile-label-debug').data(showDebug ? requests : [], function (d) {
+             return d[3];
+           });
+           debug.exit().remove();
 
-           if (Object.keys(geometries).length === 1) {
-             _geometry = Object.keys(geometries)[0];
-           }
+           if (showDebug) {
+             var debugEnter = debug.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tile-label-debug');
+             debugEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-coord');
+             debugEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-vintage');
+             debug = debug.merge(debugEnter);
+             debug.style(transformProp, debugTransform);
+             debug.selectAll('.tile-label-debug-coord').html(function (d) {
+               return d[2] + ' / ' + d[0] + ' / ' + d[1];
+             });
+             debug.selectAll('.tile-label-debug-vintage').each(function (d) {
+               var span = select(this);
+               var center = context.projection.invert(tileCenter(d));
 
-           _waysAmount = _ways.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+               _source.getMetadata(center, d, function (err, result) {
+                 span.html(result && result.vintage && result.vintage.range || _t('info_panels.background.vintage') + ': ' + _t('info_panels.background.unknown'));
+               });
+             });
+           }
          }
 
-         var operation = function operation() {
-           var difference = context.perform(_action, operation.annotation()); // select both the nodes and the ways so the mapper can immediately disconnect them if desired
-
-           var idsToSelect = _vertexIds.concat(difference.extantIDs().filter(function (id) {
-             // filter out relations that may have had member additions
-             return context.entity(id).type === 'way';
-           }));
-
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, idsToSelect));
+         background.projection = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _projection;
+           _projection = val;
+           return background;
          };
 
-         operation.relatedEntityIds = function () {
-           return _selectedWayIds.length ? [] : _ways.map(function (way) {
-             return way.id;
-           });
+         background.dimensions = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return tiler.size();
+           tiler.size(val);
+           return background;
          };
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return _isAvailable;
+         background.source = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _source;
+           _source = val;
+           _tileSize = _source.tileSize;
+           _cache = {};
+           tiler.tileSize(_source.tileSize).zoomExtent(_source.zoomExtent);
+           return background;
          };
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           var reason = _action.disabled(context.graph());
+         return background;
+       }
+
+       var _imageryIndex = null;
+       function rendererBackground(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var baseLayer = rendererTileLayer(context).projection(context.projection);
+         var _isValid = true;
+         var _overlayLayers = [];
+         var _brightness = 1;
+         var _contrast = 1;
+         var _saturation = 1;
+         var _sharpness = 1;
+
+         function ensureImageryIndex() {
+           return _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery').then(function (sources) {
+             if (_imageryIndex) return _imageryIndex;
+             _imageryIndex = {
+               imagery: sources,
+               features: {}
+             }; // use which-polygon to support efficient index and querying for imagery
+
+             var features = sources.map(function (source) {
+               if (!source.polygon) return null; // workaround for editor-layer-index weirdness..
+               // Add an extra array nest to each element in `source.polygon`
+               // so the rings are not treated as a bunch of holes:
+               // what we have: [ [[outer],[hole],[hole]] ]
+               // what we want: [ [[outer]],[[outer]],[[outer]] ]
+
+               var rings = source.polygon.map(function (ring) {
+                 return [ring];
+               });
+               var feature = {
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 properties: {
+                   id: source.id
+                 },
+                 geometry: {
+                   type: 'MultiPolygon',
+                   coordinates: rings
+                 }
+               };
+               _imageryIndex.features[source.id] = feature;
+               return feature;
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+             _imageryIndex.query = whichPolygon_1({
+               type: 'FeatureCollection',
+               features: features
+             }); // Instantiate `rendererBackgroundSource` objects for each source
+
+             _imageryIndex.backgrounds = sources.map(function (source) {
+               if (source.type === 'bing') {
+                 return rendererBackgroundSource.Bing(source, dispatch);
+               } else if (/^EsriWorldImagery/.test(source.id)) {
+                 return rendererBackgroundSource.Esri(source);
+               } else {
+                 return rendererBackgroundSource(source);
+               }
+             }); // Add 'None'
+
+             _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(rendererBackgroundSource.None()); // Add 'Custom'
 
-           if (reason) {
-             return reason;
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
-           }
 
-           return false;
-         };
+             var template = corePreferences('background-custom-template') || '';
+             var custom = rendererBackgroundSource.Custom(template);
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           if (disable) return _t('operations.split.' + disable);
-           return _t('operations.split.description.' + _geometry + '.' + _waysAmount + '.' + _nodesAmount + '_node');
-         };
+             _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(custom);
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.split.annotation.' + _geometry, {
-             n: _ways.length
+             return _imageryIndex;
            });
-         };
+         }
 
-         operation.id = 'split';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.split.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.split.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+         function background(selection) {
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source(); // If we are displaying an Esri basemap at high zoom,
+           // check its tilemap to see how high the zoom can go
 
-       function operationStraighten(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var _wayIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
-           return id.charAt(0) === 'w';
-         });
+           if (context.map().zoom() > 18) {
+             if (currSource && /^EsriWorldImagery/.test(currSource.id)) {
+               var center = context.map().center();
+               currSource.fetchTilemap(center);
+             }
+           } // Is the imagery valid here? - #4827
 
-         var _nodeIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
-           return id.charAt(0) === 'n';
-         });
 
-         var _amount = (_wayIDs.length ? _wayIDs : _nodeIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+           var sources = background.sources(context.map().extent());
+           var wasValid = _isValid;
+           _isValid = !!sources.filter(function (d) {
+             return d === currSource;
+           }).length;
 
-         var _nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+           if (wasValid !== _isValid) {
+             // change in valid status
+             background.updateImagery();
+           }
 
-         var _coords = _nodes.map(function (n) {
-           return n.loc;
-         });
+           var baseFilter = '';
 
-         var _extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+           if (detected.cssfilters) {
+             if (_brightness !== 1) {
+               baseFilter += " brightness(".concat(_brightness, ")");
+             }
 
-         var _action = chooseAction();
+             if (_contrast !== 1) {
+               baseFilter += " contrast(".concat(_contrast, ")");
+             }
 
-         var _geometry;
+             if (_saturation !== 1) {
+               baseFilter += " saturate(".concat(_saturation, ")");
+             }
 
-         function chooseAction() {
-           // straighten selected nodes
-           if (_wayIDs.length === 0 && _nodeIDs.length > 2) {
-             _geometry = 'point';
-             return actionStraightenNodes(_nodeIDs, context.projection); // straighten selected ways (possibly between range of 2 selected nodes)
-           } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0 && (_nodeIDs.length === 0 || _nodeIDs.length === 2)) {
-             var startNodeIDs = [];
-             var endNodeIDs = [];
+             if (_sharpness < 1) {
+               // gaussian blur
+               var blur = d3_interpolateNumber(0.5, 5)(1 - _sharpness);
+               baseFilter += " blur(".concat(blur, "px)");
+             }
+           }
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
-               var entity = context.entity(selectedIDs[i]);
+           var base = selection.selectAll('.layer-background').data([0]);
+           base = base.enter().insert('div', '.layer-data').attr('class', 'layer layer-background').merge(base);
 
-               if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                 continue;
-               } else if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) {
-                 return null; // exit early, can't straighten these
-               }
+           if (detected.cssfilters) {
+             base.style('filter', baseFilter || null);
+           } else {
+             base.style('opacity', _brightness);
+           }
 
-               startNodeIDs.push(entity.first());
-               endNodeIDs.push(entity.last());
-             } // Remove duplicate end/startNodeIDs (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end)
+           var imagery = base.selectAll('.layer-imagery').data([0]);
+           imagery.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'layer layer-imagery').merge(imagery).call(baseLayer);
+           var maskFilter = '';
+           var mixBlendMode = '';
 
+           if (detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1) {
+             // apply unsharp mask
+             mixBlendMode = 'overlay';
+             maskFilter = 'saturate(0) blur(3px) invert(1)';
+             var contrast = _sharpness - 1;
+             maskFilter += " contrast(".concat(contrast, ")");
+             var brightness = d3_interpolateNumber(1, 0.85)(_sharpness - 1);
+             maskFilter += " brightness(".concat(brightness, ")");
+           }
 
-             startNodeIDs = startNodeIDs.filter(function (n) {
-               return startNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === startNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
-             });
-             endNodeIDs = endNodeIDs.filter(function (n) {
-               return endNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === endNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
-             }); // Ensure all ways are connected (i.e. only 2 unique endpoints/startpoints)
+           var mask = base.selectAll('.layer-unsharp-mask').data(detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1 ? [0] : []);
+           mask.exit().remove();
+           mask.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'layer layer-mask layer-unsharp-mask').merge(mask).call(baseLayer).style('filter', maskFilter || null).style('mix-blend-mode', mixBlendMode || null);
+           var overlays = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay').data(_overlayLayers, function (d) {
+             return d.source().name();
+           });
+           overlays.exit().remove();
+           overlays.enter().insert('div', '.layer-data').attr('class', 'layer layer-overlay').merge(overlays).each(function (layer, i, nodes) {
+             return select(nodes[i]).call(layer);
+           });
+         }
 
-             if (utilArrayDifference(startNodeIDs, endNodeIDs).length + utilArrayDifference(endNodeIDs, startNodeIDs).length !== 2) return null; // Ensure path contains at least 3 unique nodes
+         background.updateImagery = function () {
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
+           if (context.inIntro() || !currSource) return;
 
-             var wayNodeIDs = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph()).map(function (node) {
-               return node.id;
-             });
-             if (wayNodeIDs.length <= 2) return null; // If range of 2 selected nodes is supplied, ensure nodes lie on the selected path
+           var o = _overlayLayers.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden();
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return d.source().id;
+           }).join(',');
 
-             if (_nodeIDs.length === 2 && (wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[0]) === -1 || wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[1]) === -1)) return null;
+           var meters = geoOffsetToMeters(currSource.offset());
+           var EPSILON = 0.01;
+           var x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
+           var y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+           var id = currSource.id;
 
-             if (_nodeIDs.length) {
-               // If we're only straightenting between two points, we only need that extent visible
-               _extent = utilTotalExtent(_nodeIDs, context.graph());
-             }
+           if (id === 'custom') {
+             id = "custom:".concat(currSource.template());
+           }
 
-             _geometry = 'line';
-             return actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, context.projection);
+           if (id) {
+             hash.background = id;
+           } else {
+             delete hash.background;
            }
 
-           return null;
-         }
+           if (o) {
+             hash.overlays = o;
+           } else {
+             delete hash.overlays;
+           }
 
-         function operation() {
-           if (!_action) return;
-           context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             context.validator().validate();
-           }, 300); // after any transition
-         }
+           if (Math.abs(x) > EPSILON || Math.abs(y) > EPSILON) {
+             hash.offset = "".concat(x, ",").concat(y);
+           } else {
+             delete hash.offset;
+           }
 
-         operation.available = function () {
-           return Boolean(_action);
-         };
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+           }
 
-         operation.disabled = function () {
-           var reason = _action.disabled(context.graph());
+           var imageryUsed = [];
+           var photoOverlaysUsed = [];
+           var currUsed = currSource.imageryUsed();
 
-           if (reason) {
-             return reason;
-           } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-             return 'too_large';
-           } else if (someMissing()) {
-             return 'not_downloaded';
-           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           if (currUsed && _isValid) {
+             imageryUsed.push(currUsed);
            }
 
-           return false;
+           _overlayLayers.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden();
+           }).forEach(function (d) {
+             return imageryUsed.push(d.source().imageryUsed());
+           });
 
-           function someMissing() {
-             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-             var osm = context.connection();
+           var dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data');
 
-             if (osm) {
-               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
-                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
-               });
+           if (dataLayer && dataLayer.enabled() && dataLayer.hasData()) {
+             imageryUsed.push(dataLayer.getSrc());
+           }
 
-               if (missing.length) {
-                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
-                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
-                 });
-                 return true;
-               }
-             }
+           var photoOverlayLayers = {
+             streetside: 'Bing Streetside',
+             mapillary: 'Mapillary Images',
+             'mapillary-map-features': 'Mapillary Map Features',
+             'mapillary-signs': 'Mapillary Signs',
+             openstreetcam: 'OpenStreetCam Images'
+           };
 
-             return false;
+           for (var layerID in photoOverlayLayers) {
+             var layer = context.layers().layer(layerID);
+
+             if (layer && layer.enabled()) {
+               photoOverlaysUsed.push(layerID);
+               imageryUsed.push(photoOverlayLayers[layerID]);
+             }
            }
-         };
 
-         operation.tooltip = function () {
-           var disable = operation.disabled();
-           return disable ? _t('operations.straighten.' + disable + '.' + _amount) : _t('operations.straighten.description.' + _geometry + (_wayIDs.length === 1 ? '' : 's'));
+           context.history().imageryUsed(imageryUsed);
+           context.history().photoOverlaysUsed(photoOverlaysUsed);
          };
 
-         operation.annotation = function () {
-           return _t('operations.straighten.annotation.' + _geometry, {
-             n: _wayIDs.length ? _wayIDs.length : _nodeIDs.length
+         var _checkedBlocklists;
+
+         background.sources = function (extent, zoom, includeCurrent) {
+           if (!_imageryIndex) return []; // called before init()?
+
+           var visible = {};
+           (_imageryIndex.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true) || []).forEach(function (d) {
+             return visible[d.id] = true;
            });
-         };
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var blocklists = osm && osm.imageryBlocklists();
 
-         operation.id = 'straighten';
-         operation.keys = [_t('operations.straighten.key')];
-         operation.title = _t('operations.straighten.title');
-         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
-         return operation;
-       }
+           if (blocklists && blocklists !== _checkedBlocklists) {
+             _imageryIndex.backgrounds.forEach(function (source) {
+               source.isBlocked = blocklists.some(function (blocklist) {
+                 return blocklist.test(source.template());
+               });
+             });
 
-       var Operations = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
-               __proto__: null,
-               operationCircularize: operationCircularize,
-               operationContinue: operationContinue,
-               operationCopy: operationCopy,
-               operationDelete: operationDelete,
-               operationDisconnect: operationDisconnect,
-               operationDowngrade: operationDowngrade,
-               operationExtract: operationExtract,
-               operationMerge: operationMerge,
-               operationMove: operationMove,
-               operationOrthogonalize: operationOrthogonalize,
-               operationPaste: operationPaste,
-               operationReflectShort: operationReflectShort,
-               operationReflectLong: operationReflectLong,
-               operationReverse: operationReverse,
-               operationRotate: operationRotate,
-               operationSplit: operationSplit,
-               operationStraighten: operationStraighten
-       });
+             _checkedBlocklists = blocklists;
+           }
 
-       var _relatedParent;
+           return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.filter(function (source) {
+             if (includeCurrent && currSource === source) return true; // optionally always include the current imagery
 
-       function modeSelect(context, selectedIDs) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'select',
-           button: 'browse'
-         };
-         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select');
+             if (source.isBlocked) return false; // even bundled sources may be blocked - #7905
 
-         var _breatheBehavior = behaviorBreathe();
+             if (!source.polygon) return true; // always include imagery with worldwide coverage
 
-         var _modeDragNode = modeDragNode(context);
+             if (zoom && zoom < 6) return false; // optionally exclude local imagery at low zooms
 
-         var _selectBehavior;
+             return visible[source.id]; // include imagery visible in given extent
+           });
+         };
 
-         var _behaviors = [];
-         var _operations = [];
-         var _newFeature = false;
-         var _follow = false;
+         background.dimensions = function (val) {
+           if (!val) return;
+           baseLayer.dimensions(val);
 
-         function singular() {
-           if (selectedIDs && selectedIDs.length === 1) {
-             return context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[0]);
-           }
-         }
+           _overlayLayers.forEach(function (layer) {
+             return layer.dimensions(val);
+           });
+         };
 
-         function selectedEntities() {
-           return selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
-             return context.hasEntity(id);
-           }).filter(Boolean);
-         }
+         background.baseLayerSource = function (d) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return baseLayer.source(); // test source against OSM imagery blocklists..
 
-         function checkSelectedIDs() {
-           var ids = [];
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return background;
+           var blocklists = osm.imageryBlocklists();
+           var template = d.template();
+           var fail = false;
+           var tested = 0;
+           var regex;
 
-           if (Array.isArray(selectedIDs)) {
-             ids = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
-               return context.hasEntity(id);
-             });
-           }
+           for (var i = 0; i < blocklists.length; i++) {
+             regex = blocklists[i];
+             fail = regex.test(template);
+             tested++;
+             if (fail) break;
+           } // ensure at least one test was run.
 
-           if (!ids.length) {
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-             return false;
-           } else if (selectedIDs.length > 1 && ids.length === 1 || selectedIDs.length === 1 && ids.length > 1) {
-             // switch between single- and multi-select UI
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
-             return false;
+
+           if (!tested) {
+             regex = /.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/;
+             fail = regex.test(template);
            }
 
-           selectedIDs = ids;
-           return true;
-         } // find the common parent ways for nextVertex, previousVertex
+           baseLayer.source(!fail ? d : background.findSource('none'));
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           background.updateImagery();
+           return background;
+         };
 
+         background.findSource = function (id) {
+           if (!id || !_imageryIndex) return null; // called before init()?
 
-         function commonParents() {
-           var graph = context.graph();
-           var commonParents = [];
+           return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(function (d) {
+             return d.id && d.id === id;
+           });
+         };
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
+         background.bing = function () {
+           background.baseLayerSource(background.findSource('Bing'));
+         };
 
-             if (!entity || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex') {
-               return []; // selection includes some not vertices
-             }
+         background.showsLayer = function (d) {
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
+           if (!d || !currSource) return false;
+           return d.id === currSource.id || _overlayLayers.some(function (layer) {
+             return d.id === layer.source().id;
+           });
+         };
 
-             var currParents = graph.parentWays(entity).map(function (w) {
-               return w.id;
-             });
+         background.overlayLayerSources = function () {
+           return _overlayLayers.map(function (layer) {
+             return layer.source();
+           });
+         };
 
-             if (!commonParents.length) {
-               commonParents = currParents;
-               continue;
-             }
+         background.toggleOverlayLayer = function (d) {
+           var layer;
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < _overlayLayers.length; i++) {
+             layer = _overlayLayers[i];
 
-             commonParents = utilArrayIntersection(commonParents, currParents);
+             if (layer.source() === d) {
+               _overlayLayers.splice(i, 1);
 
-             if (!commonParents.length) {
-               return [];
+               dispatch.call('change');
+               background.updateImagery();
+               return;
              }
            }
 
-           return commonParents;
-         }
-
-         function singularParent() {
-           var parents = commonParents();
+           layer = rendererTileLayer(context).source(d).projection(context.projection).dimensions(baseLayer.dimensions());
 
-           if (!parents || parents.length === 0) {
-             _relatedParent = null;
-             return null;
-           } // relatedParent is used when we visit a vertex with multiple
-           // parents, and we want to remember which parent line we started on.
+           _overlayLayers.push(layer);
 
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           background.updateImagery();
+         };
 
-           if (parents.length === 1) {
-             _relatedParent = parents[0]; // remember this parent for later
+         background.nudge = function (d, zoom) {
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
 
-             return _relatedParent;
+           if (currSource) {
+             currSource.nudge(d, zoom);
+             dispatch.call('change');
+             background.updateImagery();
            }
 
-           if (parents.indexOf(_relatedParent) !== -1) {
-             return _relatedParent; // prefer the previously seen parent
-           }
+           return background;
+         };
 
-           return parents[0];
-         }
+         background.offset = function (d) {
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
 
-         mode.selectedIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return selectedIDs;
-           selectedIDs = val;
-           return mode;
-         };
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return currSource && currSource.offset() || [0, 0];
+           }
 
-         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
-           context.map().zoomToEase(selectedEntities());
-         };
+           if (currSource) {
+             currSource.offset(d);
+             dispatch.call('change');
+             background.updateImagery();
+           }
 
-         mode.newFeature = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
-           _newFeature = val;
-           return mode;
+           return background;
          };
 
-         mode.selectBehavior = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _selectBehavior;
-           _selectBehavior = val;
-           return mode;
+         background.brightness = function (d) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _brightness;
+           _brightness = d;
+           if (context.mode()) dispatch.call('change');
+           return background;
          };
 
-         mode.follow = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _follow;
-           _follow = val;
-           return mode;
+         background.contrast = function (d) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _contrast;
+           _contrast = d;
+           if (context.mode()) dispatch.call('change');
+           return background;
          };
 
-         function loadOperations() {
-           _operations.forEach(function (operation) {
-             if (operation.behavior) {
-               context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
-             }
-           });
-
-           _operations = Object.values(Operations).map(function (o) {
-             return o(context, selectedIDs);
-           }).filter(function (o) {
-             return o.id !== 'delete' && o.id !== 'downgrade' && o.id !== 'copy';
-           }).concat([// group copy/downgrade/delete operation together at the end of the list
-           operationCopy(context, selectedIDs), operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs), operationDelete(context, selectedIDs)]).filter(function (operation) {
-             return operation.available();
-           });
-
-           _operations.forEach(function (operation) {
-             if (operation.behavior) {
-               context.install(operation.behavior);
-             }
-           }); // remove any displayed menu
-
-
-           context.ui().closeEditMenu();
-         }
-
-         mode.operations = function () {
-           return _operations;
+         background.saturation = function (d) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _saturation;
+           _saturation = d;
+           if (context.mode()) dispatch.call('change');
+           return background;
          };
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           if (!checkSelectedIDs()) return;
-           context.features().forceVisible(selectedIDs);
+         background.sharpness = function (d) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _sharpness;
+           _sharpness = d;
+           if (context.mode()) dispatch.call('change');
+           return background;
+         };
 
-           _modeDragNode.restoreSelectedIDs(selectedIDs);
+         var _loadPromise;
 
-           loadOperations();
+         background.ensureLoaded = function () {
+           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
 
-           if (!_behaviors.length) {
-             if (!_selectBehavior) _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context);
-             _behaviors = [behaviorPaste(context), _breatheBehavior, behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hoverModeSelect), _selectBehavior, behaviorLasso(context), _modeDragNode.behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
+           function parseMapParams(qmap) {
+             if (!qmap) return false;
+             var params = qmap.split('/').map(Number);
+             if (params.length < 3 || params.some(isNaN)) return false;
+             return geoExtent([params[2], params[1]]); // lon,lat
            }
 
-           _behaviors.forEach(context.install);
-
-           keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on(['[', 'pgup'], previousVertex).on([']', 'pgdown'], nextVertex).on(['{', uiCmd('⌘['), 'home'], firstVertex).on(['}', uiCmd('⌘]'), 'end'], lastVertex).on(uiCmd('⇧←'), nudgeSelection([-10, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -10])).on(uiCmd('⇧→'), nudgeSelection([10, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 10])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥←'), nudgeSelection([-100, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -100])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥→'), nudgeSelection([100, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 100])).on(utilKeybinding.plusKeys.map(function (key) {
-             return uiCmd('⇧' + key);
-           }), scaleSelection(1.05)).on(utilKeybinding.plusKeys.map(function (key) {
-             return uiCmd('⇧⌥' + key);
-           }), scaleSelection(Math.pow(1.05, 5))).on(utilKeybinding.minusKeys.map(function (key) {
-             return uiCmd('⇧' + key);
-           }), scaleSelection(1 / 1.05)).on(utilKeybinding.minusKeys.map(function (key) {
-             return uiCmd('⇧⌥' + key);
-           }), scaleSelection(1 / Math.pow(1.05, 5))).on(['\\', 'pause'], nextParent).on('⎋', esc, true);
-           select(document).call(keybinding);
-           context.ui().sidebar.select(selectedIDs, _newFeature);
-           context.history().on('change.select', function () {
-             loadOperations(); // reselect after change in case relation members were removed or added
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+           var requested = hash.background || hash.layer;
+           var extent = parseMapParams(hash.map);
+           return _loadPromise = ensureImageryIndex().then(function (imageryIndex) {
+             var first = imageryIndex.backgrounds.length && imageryIndex.backgrounds[0];
+             var best;
 
-             selectElements();
-           }).on('undone.select', checkSelectedIDs).on('redone.select', checkSelectedIDs);
-           context.map().on('drawn.select', selectElements).on('crossEditableZoom.select', function () {
-             selectElements();
+             if (!requested && extent) {
+               best = background.sources(extent).find(function (s) {
+                 return s.best();
+               });
+             } // Decide which background layer to display
 
-             _breatheBehavior.restartIfNeeded(context.surface());
-           });
-           context.map().doubleUpHandler().on('doubleUp.modeSelect', didDoubleUp);
-           selectElements();
 
-           if (_follow) {
-             var extent = geoExtent();
-             var graph = context.graph();
-             selectedIDs.forEach(function (id) {
-               var entity = context.entity(id);
+             if (requested && requested.indexOf('custom:') === 0) {
+               var template = requested.replace(/^custom:/, '');
+               var custom = background.findSource('custom');
+               background.baseLayerSource(custom.template(template));
+               corePreferences('background-custom-template', template);
+             } else {
+               background.baseLayerSource(background.findSource(requested) || best || background.findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used')) || background.findSource('Bing') || first || background.findSource('none'));
+             }
 
-               extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
+             var locator = imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(function (d) {
+               return d.overlay && d["default"];
              });
-             var loc = extent.center();
-             context.map().centerEase(loc); // we could enter the mode multiple times, so reset follow for next time
 
-             _follow = false;
-           }
+             if (locator) {
+               background.toggleOverlayLayer(locator);
+             }
 
-           function nudgeSelection(delta) {
-             return function () {
-               // prevent nudging during low zoom selection
-               if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
-               var moveOp = operationMove(context, selectedIDs);
+             var overlays = (hash.overlays || '').split(',');
+             overlays.forEach(function (overlay) {
+               overlay = background.findSource(overlay);
 
-               if (moveOp.disabled()) {
-                 context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + moveOp.id).iconClass('operation disabled').label(moveOp.tooltip)();
-               } else {
-                 context.perform(actionMove(selectedIDs, delta, context.projection), moveOp.annotation());
-                 context.validator().validate();
+               if (overlay) {
+                 background.toggleOverlayLayer(overlay);
                }
-             };
-           }
-
-           function scaleSelection(factor) {
-             return function () {
-               // prevent scaling during low zoom selection
-               if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
-               var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-               var isUp = factor > 1; // can only scale if multiple nodes are selected
+             });
 
-               if (nodes.length <= 1) return;
-               var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph()); // These disabled checks would normally be handled by an operation
-               // object, but we don't want an actual scale operation at this point.
+             if (hash.gpx) {
+               var gpx = context.layers().layer('data');
 
-               function scalingDisabled() {
-                 if (tooSmall()) {
-                   return 'too_small';
-                 } else if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
-                 } else if (someMissing() || selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
-                   return 'not_downloaded';
-                 } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
-                 }
+               if (gpx) {
+                 gpx.url(hash.gpx, '.gpx');
+               }
+             }
 
-                 return false;
+             if (hash.offset) {
+               var offset = hash.offset.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',').map(function (n) {
+                 return !isNaN(n) && n;
+               });
 
-                 function tooSmall() {
-                   if (isUp) return false;
-                   var dLon = Math.abs(extent[1][0] - extent[0][0]);
-                   var dLat = Math.abs(extent[1][1] - extent[0][1]);
-                   return dLon < geoMetersToLon(1, extent[1][1]) && dLat < geoMetersToLat(1);
-                 }
+               if (offset.length === 2) {
+                 background.offset(geoMetersToOffset(offset));
+               }
+             }
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           });
+         };
 
-                 function someMissing() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-                   var osm = context.connection();
+         return utilRebind(background, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                   if (osm) {
-                     var missing = nodes.filter(function (n) {
-                       return !osm.isDataLoaded(n.loc);
-                     });
+       function rendererFeatures(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change', 'redraw');
+         var features = utilRebind({}, dispatch, 'on');
 
-                     if (missing.length) {
-                       missing.forEach(function (loc) {
-                         context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
-                       });
-                       return true;
-                     }
-                   }
+         var _deferred = new Set();
 
-                   return false;
-                 }
+         var traffic_roads = {
+           'motorway': true,
+           'motorway_link': true,
+           'trunk': true,
+           'trunk_link': true,
+           'primary': true,
+           'primary_link': true,
+           'secondary': true,
+           'secondary_link': true,
+           'tertiary': true,
+           'tertiary_link': true,
+           'residential': true,
+           'unclassified': true,
+           'living_street': true
+         };
+         var service_roads = {
+           'service': true,
+           'road': true,
+           'track': true
+         };
+         var paths = {
+           'path': true,
+           'footway': true,
+           'cycleway': true,
+           'bridleway': true,
+           'steps': true,
+           'pedestrian': true
+         };
+         var past_futures = {
+           'proposed': true,
+           'construction': true,
+           'abandoned': true,
+           'dismantled': true,
+           'disused': true,
+           'razed': true,
+           'demolished': true,
+           'obliterated': true
+         };
+         var _cullFactor = 1;
+         var _cache = {};
+         var _rules = {};
+         var _stats = {};
+         var _keys = [];
+         var _hidden = [];
+         var _forceVisible = {};
 
-                 function incompleteRelation(id) {
-                   var entity = context.entity(id);
-                   return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
-                 }
-               }
+         function update() {
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+             var disabled = features.disabled();
 
-               var disabled = scalingDisabled();
+             if (disabled.length) {
+               hash.disable_features = disabled.join(',');
+             } else {
+               delete hash.disable_features;
+             }
 
-               if (disabled) {
-                 var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
-                 context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').iconClass('operation disabled').label(_t('operations.scale.' + disabled + '.' + multi))();
-               } else {
-                 var pivot = context.projection(extent.center());
-                 var annotation = _t('operations.scale.annotation.' + (isUp ? 'up' : 'down') + '.feature', {
-                   n: selectedIDs.length
-                 });
-                 context.perform(actionScale(selectedIDs, pivot, factor, context.projection), annotation);
-                 context.validator().validate();
-               }
-             };
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+             corePreferences('disabled-features', disabled.join(','));
            }
 
-           function didDoubleUp(d3_event, loc) {
-             if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
-             var target = select(d3_event.target);
-             var datum = target.datum();
-             var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
-             if (!entity) return;
+           _hidden = features.hidden();
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           dispatch.call('redraw');
+         }
 
-             if (entity instanceof osmWay && target.classed('target')) {
-               var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(entity), loc, context.projection);
-               var prev = entity.nodes[choice.index - 1];
-               var next = entity.nodes[choice.index];
-               context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
-                 loc: choice.loc,
-                 edge: [prev, next]
-               }, osmNode()), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
-             } else if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
-               context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
-                 loc: entity.loc,
-                 edge: entity.edge
-               }, osmNode()), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
-             }
-           }
+         function defineRule(k, filter, max) {
+           var isEnabled = true;
 
-           function selectElements() {
-             if (!checkSelectedIDs()) return;
-             var surface = context.surface();
-             surface.selectAll('.selected-member').classed('selected-member', false);
-             surface.selectAll('.selected').classed('selected', false);
-             surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
-             singularParent();
+           _keys.push(k);
 
-             if (_relatedParent) {
-               surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_relatedParent])).classed('related', true);
+           _rules[k] = {
+             filter: filter,
+             enabled: isEnabled,
+             // whether the user wants it enabled..
+             count: 0,
+             currentMax: max || Infinity,
+             defaultMax: max || Infinity,
+             enable: function enable() {
+               this.enabled = true;
+               this.currentMax = this.defaultMax;
+             },
+             disable: function disable() {
+               this.enabled = false;
+               this.currentMax = 0;
+             },
+             hidden: function hidden() {
+               return this.count === 0 && !this.enabled || this.count > this.currentMax * _cullFactor;
+             },
+             autoHidden: function autoHidden() {
+               return this.hidden() && this.currentMax > 0;
              }
+           };
+         }
 
-             if (context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
-               // Apply selection styling if not in wide selection
-               surface.selectAll(utilDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph(), true
-               /* skipMultipolgonMembers */
-               )).classed('selected-member', true);
-               surface.selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph())).classed('selected', true);
-             }
-           }
+         defineRule('points', function isPoint(tags, geometry) {
+           return geometry === 'point';
+         }, 200);
+         defineRule('traffic_roads', function isTrafficRoad(tags) {
+           return traffic_roads[tags.highway];
+         });
+         defineRule('service_roads', function isServiceRoad(tags) {
+           return service_roads[tags.highway];
+         });
+         defineRule('paths', function isPath(tags) {
+           return paths[tags.highway];
+         });
+         defineRule('buildings', function isBuilding(tags) {
+           return !!tags.building && tags.building !== 'no' || tags.parking === 'multi-storey' || tags.parking === 'sheds' || tags.parking === 'carports' || tags.parking === 'garage_boxes';
+         }, 250);
+         defineRule('building_parts', function isBuildingPart(tags) {
+           return tags['building:part'];
+         });
+         defineRule('indoor', function isIndoor(tags) {
+           return tags.indoor;
+         });
+         defineRule('landuse', function isLanduse(tags, geometry) {
+           return geometry === 'area' && !_rules.buildings.filter(tags) && !_rules.building_parts.filter(tags) && !_rules.indoor.filter(tags) && !_rules.water.filter(tags) && !_rules.pistes.filter(tags);
+         });
+         defineRule('boundaries', function isBoundary(tags) {
+           return !!tags.boundary && !(traffic_roads[tags.highway] || service_roads[tags.highway] || paths[tags.highway] || tags.waterway || tags.railway || tags.landuse || tags.natural || tags.building || tags.power);
+         });
+         defineRule('water', function isWater(tags) {
+           return !!tags.waterway || tags.natural === 'water' || tags.natural === 'coastline' || tags.natural === 'bay' || tags.landuse === 'pond' || tags.landuse === 'basin' || tags.landuse === 'reservoir' || tags.landuse === 'salt_pond';
+         });
+         defineRule('rail', function isRail(tags) {
+           return (!!tags.railway || tags.landuse === 'railway') && !(traffic_roads[tags.highway] || service_roads[tags.highway] || paths[tags.highway]);
+         });
+         defineRule('pistes', function isPiste(tags) {
+           return tags['piste:type'];
+         });
+         defineRule('aerialways', function isPiste(tags) {
+           return tags.aerialway && tags.aerialway !== 'yes' && tags.aerialway !== 'station';
+         });
+         defineRule('power', function isPower(tags) {
+           return !!tags.power;
+         }); // contains a past/future tag, but not in active use as a road/path/cycleway/etc..
 
-           function esc() {
-             if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         defineRule('past_future', function isPastFuture(tags) {
+           if (traffic_roads[tags.highway] || service_roads[tags.highway] || paths[tags.highway]) {
+             return false;
            }
 
-           function firstVertex(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             var entity = singular();
-             var parent = singularParent();
-             var way;
+           var strings = Object.keys(tags);
 
-             if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
-               way = entity;
-             } else if (parent) {
-               way = context.entity(parent);
-             }
+           for (var i = 0; i < strings.length; i++) {
+             var s = strings[i];
 
-             if (way) {
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [way.first()]).follow(true));
+             if (past_futures[s] || past_futures[tags[s]]) {
+               return true;
              }
            }
 
-           function lastVertex(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             var entity = singular();
-             var parent = singularParent();
-             var way;
+           return false;
+         }); // Lines or areas that don't match another feature filter.
+         // IMPORTANT: The 'others' feature must be the last one defined,
+         //   so that code in getMatches can skip this test if `hasMatch = true`
 
-             if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
-               way = entity;
-             } else if (parent) {
-               way = context.entity(parent);
-             }
+         defineRule('others', function isOther(tags, geometry) {
+           return geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area';
+         });
 
-             if (way) {
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [way.last()]).follow(true));
-             }
+         features.features = function () {
+           return _rules;
+         };
+
+         features.keys = function () {
+           return _keys;
+         };
+
+         features.enabled = function (k) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return _rules[k].enabled;
+             });
            }
 
-           function previousVertex(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             var parent = singularParent();
-             if (!parent) return;
-             var way = context.entity(parent);
-             var length = way.nodes.length;
-             var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
-             var index = -1;
+           return _rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled;
+         };
 
-             if (curr > 0) {
-               index = curr - 1;
-             } else if (way.isClosed()) {
-               index = length - 2;
-             }
+         features.disabled = function (k) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return !_rules[k].enabled;
+             });
+           }
 
-             if (index !== -1) {
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [way.nodes[index]]).follow(true));
-             }
+           return _rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled;
+         };
+
+         features.hidden = function (k) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return _rules[k].hidden();
+             });
            }
 
-           function nextVertex(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             var parent = singularParent();
-             if (!parent) return;
-             var way = context.entity(parent);
-             var length = way.nodes.length;
-             var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
-             var index = -1;
+           return _rules[k] && _rules[k].hidden();
+         };
 
-             if (curr < length - 1) {
-               index = curr + 1;
-             } else if (way.isClosed()) {
-               index = 0;
-             }
+         features.autoHidden = function (k) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return _rules[k].autoHidden();
+             });
+           }
 
-             if (index !== -1) {
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [way.nodes[index]]).follow(true));
-             }
+           return _rules[k] && _rules[k].autoHidden();
+         };
+
+         features.enable = function (k) {
+           if (_rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled) {
+             _rules[k].enable();
+
+             update();
            }
+         };
 
-           function nextParent(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             var parents = commonParents();
-             if (!parents || parents.length < 2) return;
-             var index = parents.indexOf(_relatedParent);
+         features.enableAll = function () {
+           var didEnable = false;
 
-             if (index < 0 || index > parents.length - 2) {
-               _relatedParent = parents[0];
-             } else {
-               _relatedParent = parents[index + 1];
+           for (var k in _rules) {
+             if (!_rules[k].enabled) {
+               didEnable = true;
+
+               _rules[k].enable();
              }
+           }
 
-             var surface = context.surface();
-             surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
+           if (didEnable) update();
+         };
 
-             if (_relatedParent) {
-               surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_relatedParent])).classed('related', true);
-             }
+         features.disable = function (k) {
+           if (_rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled) {
+             _rules[k].disable();
+
+             update();
            }
          };
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           _newFeature = false;
+         features.disableAll = function () {
+           var didDisable = false;
 
-           _operations.forEach(function (operation) {
-             if (operation.behavior) {
-               context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
+           for (var k in _rules) {
+             if (_rules[k].enabled) {
+               didDisable = true;
+
+               _rules[k].disable();
              }
-           });
+           }
 
-           _operations = [];
+           if (didDisable) update();
+         };
 
-           _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+         features.toggle = function (k) {
+           if (_rules[k]) {
+             (function (f) {
+               return f.enabled ? f.disable() : f.enable();
+             })(_rules[k]);
 
-           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
-           context.ui().closeEditMenu();
-           context.history().on('change.select', null).on('undone.select', null).on('redone.select', null);
-           var surface = context.surface();
-           surface.selectAll('.selected-member').classed('selected-member', false);
-           surface.selectAll('.selected').classed('selected', false);
-           surface.selectAll('.highlighted').classed('highlighted', false);
-           surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
-           context.map().on('drawn.select', null);
-           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
-           context.features().forceVisible([]);
-           var entity = singular();
+             update();
+           }
+         };
 
-           if (_newFeature && entity && entity.type === 'relation' && // no tags
-           Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0 && // no parent relations
-           context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length === 0 && ( // no members or one member with no role
-           entity.members.length === 0 || entity.members.length === 1 && !entity.members[0].role)) {
-             // the user added this relation but didn't edit it at all, so just delete it
-             var deleteAction = actionDeleteRelation(entity.id, true
-             /* don't delete untagged members */
-             );
-             context.perform(deleteAction, _t('operations.delete.annotation.relation'));
+         features.resetStats = function () {
+           for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
+             _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
            }
+
+           dispatch.call('change');
          };
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+         features.gatherStats = function (d, resolver, dimensions) {
+           var needsRedraw = false;
+           var types = utilArrayGroupBy(d, 'type');
+           var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
+           var currHidden, geometry, matches, i, j;
 
-       function uiLasso(context) {
-         var group, polygon;
-         lasso.coordinates = [];
+           for (i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
+             _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
+           } // adjust the threshold for point/building culling based on viewport size..
+           // a _cullFactor of 1 corresponds to a 1000x1000px viewport..
 
-         function lasso(selection) {
-           context.container().classed('lasso', true);
-           group = selection.append('g').attr('class', 'lasso hide');
-           polygon = group.append('path').attr('class', 'lasso-path');
-           group.call(uiToggle(true));
-         }
 
-         function draw() {
-           if (polygon) {
-             polygon.data([lasso.coordinates]).attr('d', function (d) {
-               return 'M' + d.join(' L') + ' Z';
-             });
+           _cullFactor = dimensions[0] * dimensions[1] / 1000000;
+
+           for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             geometry = entities[i].geometry(resolver);
+             matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entities[i], resolver, geometry));
+
+             for (j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
+               _rules[matches[j]].count++;
+             }
            }
-         }
 
-         lasso.extent = function () {
-           return lasso.coordinates.reduce(function (extent, point) {
-             return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
-           }, geoExtent());
+           currHidden = features.hidden();
+
+           if (currHidden !== _hidden) {
+             _hidden = currHidden;
+             needsRedraw = true;
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           }
+
+           return needsRedraw;
          };
 
-         lasso.p = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return lasso;
-           lasso.coordinates.push(_);
-           draw();
-           return lasso;
+         features.stats = function () {
+           for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
+             _stats[_keys[i]] = _rules[_keys[i]].count;
+           }
+
+           return _stats;
          };
 
-         lasso.close = function () {
-           if (group) {
-             group.call(uiToggle(false, function () {
-               select(this).remove();
-             }));
+         features.clear = function (d) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
+             features.clearEntity(d[i]);
            }
+         };
 
-           context.container().classed('lasso', false);
+         features.clearEntity = function (entity) {
+           delete _cache[osmEntity.key(entity)];
          };
 
-         return lasso;
-       }
+         features.reset = function () {
+           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
+             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
 
-       function behaviorLasso(context) {
-         // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+           });
+           _cache = {};
+         }; // only certain relations are worth checking
 
-         var behavior = function behavior(selection) {
-           var lasso;
 
-           function pointerdown(d3_event) {
-             var button = 0; // left
+         function relationShouldBeChecked(relation) {
+           // multipolygon features have `area` geometry and aren't checked here
+           return relation.tags.type === 'boundary';
+         }
 
-             if (d3_event.button === button && d3_event.shiftKey === true) {
-               lasso = null;
-               select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', pointerup);
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             }
+         features.getMatches = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (geometry === 'vertex' || geometry === 'relation' && !relationShouldBeChecked(entity)) return {};
+           var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
+
+           if (!_cache[ent]) {
+             _cache[ent] = {};
            }
 
-           function pointermove() {
-             if (!lasso) {
-               lasso = uiLasso(context);
-               context.surface().call(lasso);
-             }
+           if (!_cache[ent].matches) {
+             var matches = {};
+             var hasMatch = false;
 
-             lasso.p(context.map().mouse());
-           }
+             for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
+               if (_keys[i] === 'others') {
+                 if (hasMatch) continue; // If an entity...
+                 //   1. is a way that hasn't matched other 'interesting' feature rules,
 
-           function normalize(a, b) {
-             return [[Math.min(a[0], b[0]), Math.min(a[1], b[1])], [Math.max(a[0], b[0]), Math.max(a[1], b[1])]];
-           }
+                 if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                   var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry); //   2a. belongs only to a single multipolygon relation
 
-           function lassoed() {
-             if (!lasso) return [];
-             var graph = context.graph();
-             var limitToNodes;
+                   if (parents.length === 1 && parents[0].isMultipolygon() || // 2b. or belongs only to boundary relations
+                   parents.length > 0 && parents.every(function (parent) {
+                     return parent.tags.type === 'boundary';
+                   })) {
+                     // ...then match whatever feature rules the parent relation has matched.
+                     // see #2548, #2887
+                     //
+                     // IMPORTANT:
+                     // For this to work, getMatches must be called on relations before ways.
+                     //
+                     var pkey = osmEntity.key(parents[0]);
 
-             if (context.map().editableDataEnabled(true
-             /* skipZoomCheck */
-             ) && context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
-               // only select from the visible nodes
-               limitToNodes = new Set(utilGetAllNodes(context.selectedIDs(), graph));
-             } else if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) {
-               return [];
+                     if (_cache[pkey] && _cache[pkey].matches) {
+                       matches = Object.assign({}, _cache[pkey].matches); // shallow copy
+
+                       continue;
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+
+               if (_rules[_keys[i]].filter(entity.tags, geometry)) {
+                 matches[_keys[i]] = hasMatch = true;
+               }
              }
 
-             var bounds = lasso.extent().map(context.projection.invert);
-             var extent = geoExtent(normalize(bounds[0], bounds[1]));
-             var intersects = context.history().intersects(extent).filter(function (entity) {
-               return entity.type === 'node' && (!limitToNodes || limitToNodes.has(entity)) && geoPointInPolygon(context.projection(entity.loc), lasso.coordinates) && !context.features().isHidden(entity, graph, entity.geometry(graph));
-             }); // sort the lassoed nodes as best we can
+             _cache[ent].matches = matches;
+           }
 
-             intersects.sort(function (node1, node2) {
-               var parents1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
-               var parents2 = graph.parentWays(node2);
+           return _cache[ent].matches;
+         };
 
-               if (parents1.length && parents2.length) {
-                 // both nodes are vertices
-                 var sharedParents = utilArrayIntersection(parents1, parents2);
+         features.getParents = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (geometry === 'point') return [];
+           var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
 
-                 if (sharedParents.length) {
-                   var sharedParentNodes = sharedParents[0].nodes; // vertices are members of the same way; sort them in their listed order
+           if (!_cache[ent]) {
+             _cache[ent] = {};
+           }
 
-                   return sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node1.id) - sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node2.id);
-                 } else {
-                   // vertices do not share a way; group them by their respective parent ways
-                   return parseFloat(parents1[0].id.slice(1)) - parseFloat(parents2[0].id.slice(1));
-                 }
-               } else if (parents1.length || parents2.length) {
-                 // only one node is a vertex; sort standalone points before vertices
-                 return parents1.length - parents2.length;
-               } // both nodes are standalone points; sort left to right
+           if (!_cache[ent].parents) {
+             var parents = [];
 
+             if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+               parents = resolver.parentWays(entity);
+             } else {
+               // 'line', 'area', 'relation'
+               parents = resolver.parentRelations(entity);
+             }
 
-               return node1.loc[0] - node2.loc[0];
-             });
-             return intersects.map(function (entity) {
-               return entity.id;
-             });
+             _cache[ent].parents = parents;
            }
 
-           function pointerup() {
-             select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', null);
-             if (!lasso) return;
-             var ids = lassoed();
-             lasso.close();
+           return _cache[ent].parents;
+         };
 
-             if (ids.length) {
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
+         features.isHiddenPreset = function (preset, geometry) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           if (!preset.tags) return false;
+           var test = preset.setTags({}, geometry);
+
+           for (var key in _rules) {
+             if (_rules[key].filter(test, geometry)) {
+               if (_hidden.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
+                 return key;
+               }
+
+               return false;
              }
            }
 
-           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', pointerdown);
+           return false;
          };
 
-         behavior.off = function (selection) {
-           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', null);
+         features.isHiddenFeature = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           if (!entity.version) return false;
+           if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) return false;
+           var matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entity, resolver, geometry));
+           return matches.length && matches.every(function (k) {
+             return features.hidden(k);
+           });
          };
 
-         return behavior;
-       }
+         features.isHiddenChild = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           if (!entity.version || geometry === 'point') return false;
+           if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) return false;
+           var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry);
+           if (!parents.length) return false;
 
-       function modeBrowse(context) {
-         var mode = {
-           button: 'browse',
-           id: 'browse',
-           title: _t('modes.browse.title'),
-           description: _t('modes.browse.description')
+           for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+             if (!features.isHidden(parents[i], resolver, parents[i].geometry(resolver))) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
+
+           return true;
          };
-         var sidebar;
 
-         var _selectBehavior;
+         features.hasHiddenConnections = function (entity, resolver) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           var childNodes, connections;
 
-         var _behaviors = [];
+           if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
+             childNodes = [resolver.entity(entity.edge[0]), resolver.entity(entity.edge[1])];
+             connections = [];
+           } else {
+             childNodes = entity.nodes ? resolver.childNodes(entity) : [];
+             connections = features.getParents(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver));
+           } // gather ways connected to child nodes..
 
-         mode.selectBehavior = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _selectBehavior;
-           _selectBehavior = val;
-           return mode;
+
+           connections = childNodes.reduce(function (result, e) {
+             return resolver.isShared(e) ? utilArrayUnion(result, resolver.parentWays(e)) : result;
+           }, connections);
+           return connections.some(function (e) {
+             return features.isHidden(e, resolver, e.geometry(resolver));
+           });
          };
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           if (!_behaviors.length) {
-             if (!_selectBehavior) _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context);
-             _behaviors = [behaviorPaste(context), behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover), _selectBehavior, behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
-           }
+         features.isHidden = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           if (!entity.version) return false;
+           var fn = geometry === 'vertex' ? features.isHiddenChild : features.isHiddenFeature;
+           return fn(entity, resolver, geometry);
+         };
 
-           _behaviors.forEach(context.install); // Get focus on the body.
+         features.filter = function (d, resolver) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return d;
+           var result = [];
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
+             var entity = d[i];
 
-           if (document.activeElement && document.activeElement.blur) {
-             document.activeElement.blur();
+             if (!features.isHidden(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver))) {
+               result.push(entity);
+             }
            }
 
-           if (sidebar) {
-             context.ui().sidebar.show(sidebar);
-           } else {
-             context.ui().sidebar.select(null);
-           }
+           return result;
          };
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
+         features.forceVisible = function (entityIDs) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return Object.keys(_forceVisible);
+           _forceVisible = {};
 
-           _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+           for (var i = 0; i < entityIDs.length; i++) {
+             _forceVisible[entityIDs[i]] = true;
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityIDs[i]);
 
-           if (sidebar) {
-             context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+             if (entity && entity.type === 'relation') {
+               // also show relation members (one level deep)
+               for (var j in entity.members) {
+                 _forceVisible[entity.members[j].id] = true;
+               }
+             }
            }
-         };
 
-         mode.sidebar = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return sidebar;
-           sidebar = _;
-           return mode;
+           return features;
          };
 
-         mode.operations = function () {
-           return [operationPaste(context)];
-         };
+         features.init = function () {
+           var storage = corePreferences('disabled-features');
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+           if (storage) {
+             var storageDisabled = storage.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+             storageDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
+           }
 
-       function behaviorAddWay(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('start', 'startFromWay', 'startFromNode');
-         var draw = behaviorDraw(context);
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-         function behavior(surface) {
-           draw.on('click', function () {
-             dispatch$1.apply('start', this, arguments);
-           }).on('clickWay', function () {
-             dispatch$1.apply('startFromWay', this, arguments);
-           }).on('clickNode', function () {
-             dispatch$1.apply('startFromNode', this, arguments);
-           }).on('cancel', behavior.cancel).on('finish', behavior.cancel);
-           context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false);
-           surface.call(draw);
-         }
+           if (hash.disable_features) {
+             var hashDisabled = hash.disable_features.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+             hashDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
+           }
+         }; // warm up the feature matching cache upon merging fetched data
 
-         behavior.off = function (surface) {
-           surface.call(draw.off);
-         };
 
-         behavior.cancel = function () {
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
-           }, 1000);
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-         };
+         context.history().on('merge.features', function (newEntities) {
+           if (!newEntities) return;
+           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var types = utilArrayGroupBy(newEntities, 'type'); // ensure that getMatches is called on relations before ways
 
-         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
 
-       function behaviorHash(context) {
-         // cached window.location.hash
-         var _cachedHash = null; // allowable latitude range
+             for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+               var geometry = entities[i].geometry(graph);
+               features.getMatches(entities[i], graph, geometry);
+             }
+           });
 
-         var _latitudeLimit = 90 - 1e-8;
+           _deferred.add(handle);
+         });
+         return features;
+       }
 
-         function computedHashParameters() {
-           var map = context.map();
-           var center = map.center();
-           var zoom = map.zoom();
-           var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
-           var oldParams = utilObjectOmit(utilStringQs(window.location.hash), ['comment', 'source', 'hashtags', 'walkthrough']);
-           var newParams = {};
-           delete oldParams.id;
-           var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (id) {
-             return context.hasEntity(id);
-           });
+       /** Error message constants. */
 
-           if (selected.length) {
-             newParams.id = selected.join(',');
-           }
+       var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT = 'Expected a function';
+       /**
+        * Creates a throttled function that only invokes `func` at most once per
+        * every `wait` milliseconds. The throttled function comes with a `cancel`
+        * method to cancel delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to
+        * immediately invoke them. Provide `options` to indicate whether `func`
+        * should be invoked on the leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait`
+        * timeout. The `func` is invoked with the last arguments provided to the
+        * throttled function. Subsequent calls to the throttled function return the
+        * result of the last `func` invocation.
+        *
+        * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
+        * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the throttled function
+        * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
+        *
+        * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
+        * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
+        *
+        * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
+        * for details over the differences between `_.throttle` and `_.debounce`.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 0.1.0
+        * @category Function
+        * @param {Function} func The function to throttle.
+        * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to throttle invocations to.
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
+        * @param {boolean} [options.leading=true]
+        *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
+        * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
+        *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
+        * @returns {Function} Returns the new throttled function.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * // Avoid excessively updating the position while scrolling.
+        * jQuery(window).on('scroll', _.throttle(updatePosition, 100));
+        *
+        * // Invoke `renewToken` when the click event is fired, but not more than once every 5 minutes.
+        * var throttled = _.throttle(renewToken, 300000, { 'trailing': false });
+        * jQuery(element).on('click', throttled);
+        *
+        * // Cancel the trailing throttled invocation.
+        * jQuery(window).on('popstate', throttled.cancel);
+        */
 
-           newParams.map = zoom.toFixed(2) + '/' + center[1].toFixed(precision) + '/' + center[0].toFixed(precision);
-           return Object.assign(oldParams, newParams);
+       function throttle(func, wait, options) {
+         var leading = true,
+             trailing = true;
+
+         if (typeof func != 'function') {
+           throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
          }
 
-         function computedHash() {
-           return '#' + utilQsString(computedHashParameters(), true);
+         if (isObject$2(options)) {
+           leading = 'leading' in options ? !!options.leading : leading;
+           trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
          }
 
-         function computedTitle(includeChangeCount) {
-           var baseTitle = context.documentTitleBase() || 'iD';
-           var contextual;
-           var changeCount;
-           var titleID;
-           var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (id) {
-             return context.hasEntity(id);
-           });
+         return debounce(func, wait, {
+           'leading': leading,
+           'maxWait': wait,
+           'trailing': trailing
+         });
+       }
 
-           if (selected.length) {
-             var firstLabel = utilDisplayLabel(context.entity(selected[0]), context.graph());
+       //
+       // - the activeID - nope
+       // - 1 away (adjacent) to the activeID - yes (vertices will be merged)
+       // - 2 away from the activeID - nope (would create a self intersecting segment)
+       // - all others on a linear way - yes
+       // - all others on a closed way - nope (would create a self intersecting polygon)
+       //
+       // returns
+       // 0 = active vertex - no touch/connect
+       // 1 = passive vertex - yes touch/connect
+       // 2 = adjacent vertex - yes but pay attention segmenting a line here
+       //
 
-             if (selected.length > 1) {
-               contextual = _t('title.labeled_and_more', {
-                 labeled: firstLabel,
-                 count: selected.length - 1
-               });
-             } else {
-               contextual = firstLabel;
-             }
+       function svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID) {
+         if (!activeID) return 1;
+         if (activeID === node.id) return 0;
+         var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+         var i, j, nodes, isClosed, ix1, ix2, ix3, ix4, max;
 
-             titleID = 'context';
-           }
+         for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+           nodes = parents[i].nodes;
+           isClosed = parents[i].isClosed();
+
+           for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {
+             // find this vertex, look nearby
+             if (nodes[j] === node.id) {
+               ix1 = j - 2;
+               ix2 = j - 1;
+               ix3 = j + 1;
+               ix4 = j + 2;
 
-           if (includeChangeCount) {
-             changeCount = context.history().difference().summary().length;
+               if (isClosed) {
+                 // wraparound if needed
+                 max = nodes.length - 1;
+                 if (ix1 < 0) ix1 = max + ix1;
+                 if (ix2 < 0) ix2 = max + ix2;
+                 if (ix3 > max) ix3 = ix3 - max;
+                 if (ix4 > max) ix4 = ix4 - max;
+               }
 
-             if (changeCount > 0) {
-               titleID = contextual ? 'changes_context' : 'changes';
+               if (nodes[ix1] === activeID) return 0; // no - prevent self intersect
+               else if (nodes[ix2] === activeID) return 2; // ok - adjacent
+                 else if (nodes[ix3] === activeID) return 2; // ok - adjacent
+                   else if (nodes[ix4] === activeID) return 0; // no - prevent self intersect
+                     else if (isClosed && nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1) return 0; // no - prevent self intersect
              }
            }
-
-           if (titleID) {
-             return _t('title.format.' + titleID, {
-               changes: changeCount,
-               base: baseTitle,
-               context: contextual
-             });
-           }
-
-           return baseTitle;
          }
 
-         function updateTitle(includeChangeCount) {
-           if (!context.setsDocumentTitle()) return;
-           var newTitle = computedTitle(includeChangeCount);
+         return 1; // ok
+       }
+       function svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, dt, shouldReverse, bothDirections) {
+         return function (entity) {
+           var i = 0;
+           var offset = dt;
+           var segments = [];
+           var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(projection.clipExtent()).stream;
+           var coordinates = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function (n) {
+             return n.loc;
+           });
+           var a, b;
 
-           if (document.title !== newTitle) {
-             document.title = newTitle;
+           if (shouldReverse(entity)) {
+             coordinates.reverse();
            }
-         }
-
-         function updateHashIfNeeded() {
-           if (context.inIntro()) return;
-           var latestHash = computedHash();
 
-           if (_cachedHash !== latestHash) {
-             _cachedHash = latestHash; // Update the URL hash without affecting the browser navigation stack,
-             // though unavoidably creating a browser history entry
+           d3_geoStream({
+             type: 'LineString',
+             coordinates: coordinates
+           }, projection.stream(clip({
+             lineStart: function lineStart() {},
+             lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
+               a = null;
+             },
+             point: function point(x, y) {
+               b = [x, y];
 
-             window.history.replaceState(null, computedTitle(false
-             /* includeChangeCount */
-             ), latestHash); // set the title we want displayed for the browser tab/window
+               if (a) {
+                 var span = geoVecLength(a, b) - offset;
 
-             updateTitle(true
-             /* includeChangeCount */
-             );
-           }
-         }
+                 if (span >= 0) {
+                   var heading = geoVecAngle(a, b);
+                   var dx = dt * Math.cos(heading);
+                   var dy = dt * Math.sin(heading);
+                   var p = [a[0] + offset * Math.cos(heading), a[1] + offset * Math.sin(heading)]; // gather coordinates
 
-         var _throttledUpdate = throttle(updateHashIfNeeded, 500);
+                   var coord = [a, p];
 
-         var _throttledUpdateTitle = throttle(function () {
-           updateTitle(true
-           /* includeChangeCount */
-           );
-         }, 500);
+                   for (span -= dt; span >= 0; span -= dt) {
+                     p = geoVecAdd(p, [dx, dy]);
+                     coord.push(p);
+                   }
 
-         function hashchange() {
-           // ignore spurious hashchange events
-           if (window.location.hash === _cachedHash) return;
-           _cachedHash = window.location.hash;
-           var q = utilStringQs(_cachedHash);
-           var mapArgs = (q.map || '').split('/').map(Number);
+                   coord.push(b); // generate svg paths
 
-           if (mapArgs.length < 3 || mapArgs.some(isNaN)) {
-             // replace bogus hash
-             updateHashIfNeeded();
-           } else {
-             // don't update if the new hash already reflects the state of iD
-             if (_cachedHash === computedHash()) return;
-             var mode = context.mode();
-             context.map().centerZoom([mapArgs[2], Math.min(_latitudeLimit, Math.max(-_latitudeLimit, mapArgs[1]))], mapArgs[0]);
+                   var segment = '';
+                   var j;
 
-             if (q.id && mode) {
-               var ids = q.id.split(',').filter(function (id) {
-                 return context.hasEntity(id);
-               });
+                   for (j = 0; j < coord.length; j++) {
+                     segment += (j === 0 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
+                   }
 
-               if (ids.length && (mode.id === 'browse' || mode.id === 'select' && !utilArrayIdentical(mode.selectedIDs(), ids))) {
-                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
-                 return;
-               }
-             }
+                   segments.push({
+                     id: entity.id,
+                     index: i++,
+                     d: segment
+                   });
 
-             var center = context.map().center();
-             var dist = geoSphericalDistance(center, [mapArgs[2], mapArgs[1]]);
-             var maxdist = 500; // Don't allow the hash location to change too much while drawing
-             // This can happen if the user accidentally hit the back button.  #3996
+                   if (bothDirections(entity)) {
+                     segment = '';
 
-             if (mode && mode.id.match(/^draw/) !== null && dist > maxdist) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               return;
-             }
-           }
-         }
+                     for (j = coord.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+                       segment += (j === coord.length - 1 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
+                     }
 
-         function behavior() {
-           context.map().on('move.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);
-           context.history().on('change.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdateTitle);
-           context.on('enter.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);
-           select(window).on('hashchange.behaviorHash', hashchange);
+                     segments.push({
+                       id: entity.id,
+                       index: i++,
+                       d: segment
+                     });
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           if (window.location.hash) {
-             var q = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+                 offset = -span;
+               }
 
-             if (q.id) {
-               //if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) {
-               // targeting specific features: download, select, and zoom to them
-               context.zoomToEntity(q.id.split(',')[0], !q.map); //}
+               a = b;
              }
+           })));
+           return segments;
+         };
+       }
+       function svgPath(projection, graph, isArea) {
+         // Explanation of magic numbers:
+         // "padding" here allows space for strokes to extend beyond the viewport,
+         // so that the stroke isn't drawn along the edge of the viewport when
+         // the shape is clipped.
+         //
+         // When drawing lines, pad viewport by 5px.
+         // When drawing areas, pad viewport by 65px in each direction to allow
+         // for 60px area fill stroke (see ".fill-partial path.fill" css rule)
+         var cache = {};
+         var padding = isArea ? 65 : 5;
+         var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+         var paddedExtent = [[viewport[0][0] - padding, viewport[0][1] - padding], [viewport[1][0] + padding, viewport[1][1] + padding]];
+         var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(paddedExtent).stream;
+         var project = projection.stream;
+         var path = d3_geoPath().projection({
+           stream: function stream(output) {
+             return project(clip(output));
+           }
+         });
 
-             if (q.walkthrough === 'true') {
-               behavior.startWalkthrough = true;
-             }
+         var svgpath = function svgpath(entity) {
+           if (entity.id in cache) {
+             return cache[entity.id];
+           } else {
+             return cache[entity.id] = path(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
+           }
+         };
 
-             if (q.map) {
-               behavior.hadHash = true;
+         svgpath.geojson = function (d) {
+           if (d.__featurehash__ !== undefined) {
+             if (d.__featurehash__ in cache) {
+               return cache[d.__featurehash__];
+             } else {
+               return cache[d.__featurehash__] = path(d);
              }
-
-             hashchange();
-             updateTitle(false);
+           } else {
+             return path(d);
            }
-         }
-
-         behavior.off = function () {
-           _throttledUpdate.cancel();
-
-           _throttledUpdateTitle.cancel();
-
-           context.map().on('move.behaviorHash', null);
-           context.on('enter.behaviorHash', null);
-           select(window).on('hashchange.behaviorHash', null);
-           window.location.hash = '';
          };
 
-         return behavior;
+         return svgpath;
        }
+       function svgPointTransform(projection) {
+         var svgpoint = function svgpoint(entity) {
+           // http://jsperf.com/short-array-join
+           var pt = projection(entity.loc);
+           return 'translate(' + pt[0] + ',' + pt[1] + ')';
+         };
 
-       /*
-           iD.coreDifference represents the difference between two graphs.
-           It knows how to calculate the set of entities that were
-           created, modified, or deleted, and also contains the logic
-           for recursively extending a difference to the complete set
-           of entities that will require a redraw, taking into account
-           child and parent relationships.
-        */
-
-       function coreDifference(base, head) {
-         var _changes = {};
-         var _didChange = {}; // 'addition', 'deletion', 'geometry', 'properties'
+         svgpoint.geojson = function (d) {
+           return svgpoint(d.properties.entity);
+         };
 
-         var _diff = {};
+         return svgpoint;
+       }
+       function svgRelationMemberTags(graph) {
+         return function (entity) {
+           var tags = entity.tags;
+           var shouldCopyMultipolygonTags = !entity.hasInterestingTags();
+           graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (relation) {
+             var type = relation.tags.type;
 
-         function checkEntityID(id) {
-           var h = head.entities[id];
-           var b = base.entities[id];
-           if (h === b) return;
-           if (_changes[id]) return;
+             if (type === 'multipolygon' && shouldCopyMultipolygonTags || type === 'boundary') {
+               tags = Object.assign({}, relation.tags, tags);
+             }
+           });
+           return tags;
+         };
+       }
+       function svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID) {
+         // When there is no activeID, we can memoize this expensive computation
+         if (activeID === undefined) {
+           return graph["transient"](way, 'waySegments', getWaySegments);
+         } else {
+           return getWaySegments();
+         }
 
-           if (!h && b) {
-             _changes[id] = {
-               base: b,
-               head: h
-             };
-             _didChange.deletion = true;
-             return;
-           }
+         function getWaySegments() {
+           var isActiveWay = way.nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1;
+           var features = {
+             passive: [],
+             active: []
+           };
+           var start = {};
+           var end = {};
+           var node, type;
 
-           if (h && !b) {
-             _changes[id] = {
-               base: b,
-               head: h
+           for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
+             node = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);
+             type = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
+             end = {
+               node: node,
+               type: type
              };
-             _didChange.addition = true;
-             return;
-           }
 
-           if (h && b) {
-             if (h.members && b.members && !fastDeepEqual(h.members, b.members)) {
-               _changes[id] = {
-                 base: b,
-                 head: h
-               };
-               _didChange.geometry = true;
-               _didChange.properties = true;
-               return;
+             if (start.type !== undefined) {
+               if (start.node.id === activeID || end.node.id === activeID) ; else if (isActiveWay && (start.type === 2 || end.type === 2)) {
+                 // one adjacent vertex
+                 pushActive(start, end, i);
+               } else if (start.type === 0 && end.type === 0) {
+                 // both active vertices
+                 pushActive(start, end, i);
+               } else {
+                 pushPassive(start, end, i);
+               }
              }
 
-             if (h.loc && b.loc && !geoVecEqual(h.loc, b.loc)) {
-               _changes[id] = {
-                 base: b,
-                 head: h
-               };
-               _didChange.geometry = true;
-             }
+             start = end;
+           }
 
-             if (h.nodes && b.nodes && !fastDeepEqual(h.nodes, b.nodes)) {
-               _changes[id] = {
-                 base: b,
-                 head: h
-               };
-               _didChange.geometry = true;
-             }
+           return features;
 
-             if (h.tags && b.tags && !fastDeepEqual(h.tags, b.tags)) {
-               _changes[id] = {
-                 base: b,
-                 head: h
-               };
-               _didChange.properties = true;
-             }
+           function pushActive(start, end, index) {
+             features.active.push({
+               type: 'Feature',
+               id: way.id + '-' + index + '-nope',
+               properties: {
+                 nope: true,
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: way,
+                 nodes: [start.node, end.node],
+                 index: index
+               },
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'LineString',
+                 coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
+               }
+             });
            }
-         }
-
-         function load() {
-           // HOT CODE: there can be many thousands of downloaded entities, so looping
-           // through them all can become a performance bottleneck. Optimize by
-           // resolving duplicates and using a basic `for` loop
-           var ids = utilArrayUniq(Object.keys(head.entities).concat(Object.keys(base.entities)));
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-             checkEntityID(ids[i]);
+           function pushPassive(start, end, index) {
+             features.passive.push({
+               type: 'Feature',
+               id: way.id + '-' + index,
+               properties: {
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: way,
+                 nodes: [start.node, end.node],
+                 index: index
+               },
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'LineString',
+                 coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
+               }
+             });
            }
          }
+       }
 
-         load();
-
-         _diff.length = function length() {
-           return Object.keys(_changes).length;
-         };
+       function svgTagClasses() {
+         var primaries = ['building', 'highway', 'railway', 'waterway', 'aeroway', 'aerialway', 'piste:type', 'boundary', 'power', 'amenity', 'natural', 'landuse', 'leisure', 'military', 'place', 'man_made', 'route', 'attraction', 'building:part', 'indoor'];
+         var statuses = [// nonexistent, might be built
+         'proposed', 'planned', // under maintentance or between groundbreaking and opening
+         'construction', // existent but not functional
+         'disused', // dilapidated to nonexistent
+         'abandoned', // nonexistent, still may appear in imagery
+         'dismantled', 'razed', 'demolished', 'obliterated', // existent occasionally, e.g. stormwater drainage basin
+         'intermittent'];
+         var secondaries = ['oneway', 'bridge', 'tunnel', 'embankment', 'cutting', 'barrier', 'surface', 'tracktype', 'footway', 'crossing', 'service', 'sport', 'public_transport', 'location', 'parking', 'golf', 'type', 'leisure', 'man_made', 'indoor'];
 
-         _diff.changes = function changes() {
-           return _changes;
+         var _tags = function _tags(entity) {
+           return entity.tags;
          };
 
-         _diff.didChange = _didChange; // pass true to include affected relation members
+         var tagClasses = function tagClasses(selection) {
+           selection.each(function tagClassesEach(entity) {
+             var value = this.className;
 
-         _diff.extantIDs = function extantIDs(includeRelMembers) {
-           var result = new Set();
-           Object.keys(_changes).forEach(function (id) {
-             if (_changes[id].head) {
-               result.add(id);
+             if (value.baseVal !== undefined) {
+               value = value.baseVal;
              }
 
-             var h = _changes[id].head;
-             var b = _changes[id].base;
-             var entity = h || b;
+             var t = _tags(entity);
 
-             if (includeRelMembers && entity.type === 'relation') {
-               var mh = h ? h.members.map(function (m) {
-                 return m.id;
-               }) : [];
-               var mb = b ? b.members.map(function (m) {
-                 return m.id;
-               }) : [];
-               utilArrayUnion(mh, mb).forEach(function (memberID) {
-                 if (head.hasEntity(memberID)) {
-                   result.add(memberID);
-                 }
-               });
-             }
-           });
-           return Array.from(result);
-         };
+             var computed = tagClasses.getClassesString(t, value);
 
-         _diff.modified = function modified() {
-           var result = [];
-           Object.values(_changes).forEach(function (change) {
-             if (change.base && change.head) {
-               result.push(change.head);
+             if (computed !== value) {
+               select(this).attr('class', computed);
              }
            });
-           return result;
          };
 
-         _diff.created = function created() {
-           var result = [];
-           Object.values(_changes).forEach(function (change) {
-             if (!change.base && change.head) {
-               result.push(change.head);
+         tagClasses.getClassesString = function (t, value) {
+           var primary, status;
+           var i, j, k, v; // in some situations we want to render perimeter strokes a certain way
+
+           var overrideGeometry;
+
+           if (/\bstroke\b/.test(value)) {
+             if (!!t.barrier && t.barrier !== 'no') {
+               overrideGeometry = 'line';
              }
-           });
-           return result;
-         };
+           } // preserve base classes (nothing with `tag-`)
 
-         _diff.deleted = function deleted() {
-           var result = [];
-           Object.values(_changes).forEach(function (change) {
-             if (change.base && !change.head) {
-               result.push(change.base);
+
+           var classes = value.trim().split(/\s+/).filter(function (klass) {
+             return klass.length && !/^tag-/.test(klass);
+           }).map(function (klass) {
+             // special overrides for some perimeter strokes
+             return klass === 'line' || klass === 'area' ? overrideGeometry || klass : klass;
+           }); // pick at most one primary classification tag..
+
+           for (i = 0; i < primaries.length; i++) {
+             k = primaries[i];
+             v = t[k];
+             if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+
+             if (k === 'piste:type') {
+               // avoid a ':' in the class name
+               k = 'piste';
+             } else if (k === 'building:part') {
+               // avoid a ':' in the class name
+               k = 'building_part';
              }
-           });
-           return result;
-         };
 
-         _diff.summary = function summary() {
-           var relevant = {};
-           var keys = Object.keys(_changes);
+             primary = k;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-             var change = _changes[keys[i]];
+             if (statuses.indexOf(v) !== -1) {
+               // e.g. `railway=abandoned`
+               status = v;
+               classes.push('tag-' + k);
+             } else {
+               classes.push('tag-' + k);
+               classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
+             }
 
-             if (change.head && change.head.geometry(head) !== 'vertex') {
-               addEntity(change.head, head, change.base ? 'modified' : 'created');
-             } else if (change.base && change.base.geometry(base) !== 'vertex') {
-               addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
-             } else if (change.base && change.head) {
-               // modified vertex
-               var moved = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.loc, change.head.loc);
-               var retagged = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.tags, change.head.tags);
+             break;
+           }
 
-               if (moved) {
-                 addParents(change.head);
-               }
+           if (!primary) {
+             for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
+               for (j = 0; j < primaries.length; j++) {
+                 k = statuses[i] + ':' + primaries[j]; // e.g. `demolished:building=yes`
 
-               if (retagged || moved && change.head.hasInterestingTags()) {
-                 addEntity(change.head, head, 'modified');
+                 v = t[k];
+                 if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+                 status = statuses[i];
+                 break;
                }
-             } else if (change.head && change.head.hasInterestingTags()) {
-               // created vertex
-               addEntity(change.head, head, 'created');
-             } else if (change.base && change.base.hasInterestingTags()) {
-               // deleted vertex
-               addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
              }
-           }
+           } // add at most one status tag, only if relates to primary tag..
 
-           return Object.values(relevant);
 
-           function addEntity(entity, graph, changeType) {
-             relevant[entity.id] = {
-               entity: entity,
-               graph: graph,
-               changeType: changeType
-             };
-           }
+           if (!status) {
+             for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
+               k = statuses[i];
+               v = t[k];
+               if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
 
-           function addParents(entity) {
-             var parents = head.parentWays(entity);
+               if (v === 'yes') {
+                 // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=yes`
+                 status = k;
+               } else if (primary && primary === v) {
+                 // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=railway`
+                 status = k;
+               } else if (!primary && primaries.indexOf(v) !== -1) {
+                 // e.g. `abandoned=railway`
+                 status = k;
+                 primary = v;
+                 classes.push('tag-' + v);
+               } // else ignore e.g.  `highway=path + abandoned=railway`
 
-             for (var j = parents.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
-               var parent = parents[j];
 
-               if (!(parent.id in relevant)) {
-                 addEntity(parent, head, 'modified');
-               }
+               if (status) break;
              }
            }
-         }; // returns complete set of entities that require a redraw
-         //  (optionally within given `extent`)
 
+           if (status) {
+             classes.push('tag-status');
+             classes.push('tag-status-' + status);
+           } // add any secondary tags
 
-         _diff.complete = function complete(extent) {
-           var result = {};
-           var id, change;
 
-           for (id in _changes) {
-             change = _changes[id];
-             var h = change.head;
-             var b = change.base;
-             var entity = h || b;
-             var i;
-             if (extent && (!h || !h.intersects(extent, head)) && (!b || !b.intersects(extent, base))) continue;
-             result[id] = h;
+           for (i = 0; i < secondaries.length; i++) {
+             k = secondaries[i];
+             v = t[k];
+             if (!v || v === 'no' || k === primary) continue;
+             classes.push('tag-' + k);
+             classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
+           } // For highways, look for surface tagging..
 
-             if (entity.type === 'way') {
-               var nh = h ? h.nodes : [];
-               var nb = b ? b.nodes : [];
-               var diff;
-               diff = utilArrayDifference(nh, nb);
 
-               for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
-                 result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
-               }
+           if (primary === 'highway' && !osmPathHighwayTagValues[t.highway] || primary === 'aeroway') {
+             var surface = t.highway === 'track' ? 'unpaved' : 'paved';
 
-               diff = utilArrayDifference(nb, nh);
+             for (k in t) {
+               v = t[k];
 
-               for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
-                 result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
+               if (k in osmPavedTags) {
+                 surface = osmPavedTags[k][v] ? 'paved' : 'unpaved';
                }
-             }
 
-             if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
-               var mh = h ? h.members.map(function (m) {
-                 return m.id;
-               }) : [];
-               var mb = b ? b.members.map(function (m) {
-                 return m.id;
-               }) : [];
-               var ids = utilArrayUnion(mh, mb);
+               if (k in osmSemipavedTags && !!osmSemipavedTags[k][v]) {
+                 surface = 'semipaved';
+               }
+             }
 
-               for (i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-                 var member = head.hasEntity(ids[i]);
-                 if (!member) continue; // not downloaded
+             classes.push('tag-' + surface);
+           } // If this is a wikidata-tagged item, add a class for that..
 
-                 if (extent && !member.intersects(extent, head)) continue; // not visible
 
-                 result[ids[i]] = member;
-               }
-             }
+           var qid = t.wikidata || t['flag:wikidata'] || t['brand:wikidata'] || t['network:wikidata'] || t['operator:wikidata'];
 
-             addParents(head.parentWays(entity), result);
-             addParents(head.parentRelations(entity), result);
+           if (qid) {
+             classes.push('tag-wikidata');
            }
 
-           return result;
+           return classes.join(' ').trim();
+         };
 
-           function addParents(parents, result) {
-             for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-               var parent = parents[i];
-               if (parent.id in result) continue;
-               result[parent.id] = parent;
-               addParents(head.parentRelations(parent), result);
-             }
-           }
+         tagClasses.tags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = val;
+           return tagClasses;
          };
 
-         return _diff;
+         return tagClasses;
        }
 
-       function coreTree(head) {
-         // tree for entities
-         var _rtree = new RBush();
+       // Patterns only work in Firefox when set directly on element.
+       // (This is not a bug: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=750632)
+       var patterns = {
+         // tag - pattern name
+         // -or-
+         // tag - value - pattern name
+         // -or-
+         // tag - value - rules (optional tag-values, pattern name)
+         // (matches earlier rules first, so fallback should be last entry)
+         amenity: {
+           grave_yard: 'cemetery',
+           fountain: 'water_standing'
+         },
+         landuse: {
+           cemetery: [{
+             religion: 'christian',
+             pattern: 'cemetery_christian'
+           }, {
+             religion: 'buddhist',
+             pattern: 'cemetery_buddhist'
+           }, {
+             religion: 'muslim',
+             pattern: 'cemetery_muslim'
+           }, {
+             religion: 'jewish',
+             pattern: 'cemetery_jewish'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'cemetery'
+           }],
+           construction: 'construction',
+           farmland: 'farmland',
+           farmyard: 'farmyard',
+           forest: [{
+             leaf_type: 'broadleaved',
+             pattern: 'forest_broadleaved'
+           }, {
+             leaf_type: 'needleleaved',
+             pattern: 'forest_needleleaved'
+           }, {
+             leaf_type: 'leafless',
+             pattern: 'forest_leafless'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'forest'
+           } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
+           ],
+           grave_yard: 'cemetery',
+           grass: [{
+             golf: 'green',
+             pattern: 'golf_green'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'grass'
+           }],
+           landfill: 'landfill',
+           meadow: 'meadow',
+           military: 'construction',
+           orchard: 'orchard',
+           quarry: 'quarry',
+           vineyard: 'vineyard'
+         },
+         natural: {
+           beach: 'beach',
+           grassland: 'grass',
+           sand: 'beach',
+           scrub: 'scrub',
+           water: [{
+             water: 'pond',
+             pattern: 'pond'
+           }, {
+             water: 'reservoir',
+             pattern: 'water_standing'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'waves'
+           }],
+           wetland: [{
+             wetland: 'marsh',
+             pattern: 'wetland_marsh'
+           }, {
+             wetland: 'swamp',
+             pattern: 'wetland_swamp'
+           }, {
+             wetland: 'bog',
+             pattern: 'wetland_bog'
+           }, {
+             wetland: 'reedbed',
+             pattern: 'wetland_reedbed'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'wetland'
+           }],
+           wood: [{
+             leaf_type: 'broadleaved',
+             pattern: 'forest_broadleaved'
+           }, {
+             leaf_type: 'needleleaved',
+             pattern: 'forest_needleleaved'
+           }, {
+             leaf_type: 'leafless',
+             pattern: 'forest_leafless'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'forest'
+           } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
+           ]
+         },
+         traffic_calming: {
+           island: [{
+             surface: 'grass',
+             pattern: 'grass'
+           }],
+           chicane: [{
+             surface: 'grass',
+             pattern: 'grass'
+           }],
+           choker: [{
+             surface: 'grass',
+             pattern: 'grass'
+           }]
+         }
+       };
+       function svgTagPattern(tags) {
+         // Skip pattern filling if this is a building (buildings don't get patterns applied)
+         if (tags.building && tags.building !== 'no') {
+           return null;
+         }
 
-         var _bboxes = {}; // maintain a separate tree for granular way segments
+         for (var tag in patterns) {
+           var entityValue = tags[tag];
+           if (!entityValue) continue;
 
-         var _segmentsRTree = new RBush();
+           if (typeof patterns[tag] === 'string') {
+             // extra short syntax (just tag) - pattern name
+             return 'pattern-' + patterns[tag];
+           } else {
+             var values = patterns[tag];
 
-         var _segmentsBBoxes = {};
-         var _segmentsByWayId = {};
-         var tree = {};
+             for (var value in values) {
+               if (entityValue !== value) continue;
+               var rules = values[value];
 
-         function entityBBox(entity) {
-           var bbox = entity.extent(head).bbox();
-           bbox.id = entity.id;
-           _bboxes[entity.id] = bbox;
-           return bbox;
-         }
+               if (typeof rules === 'string') {
+                 // short syntax - pattern name
+                 return 'pattern-' + rules;
+               } // long syntax - rule array
 
-         function segmentBBox(segment) {
-           var extent = segment.extent(head); // extent can be null if the node entities aren't in the graph for some reason
 
-           if (!extent) return null;
-           var bbox = extent.bbox();
-           bbox.segment = segment;
-           _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id] = bbox;
-           return bbox;
-         }
+               for (var ruleKey in rules) {
+                 var rule = rules[ruleKey];
+                 var pass = true;
 
-         function removeEntity(entity) {
-           _rtree.remove(_bboxes[entity.id]);
+                 for (var criterion in rule) {
+                   if (criterion !== 'pattern') {
+                     // reserved for pattern name
+                     // The only rule is a required tag-value pair
+                     var v = tags[criterion];
 
-           delete _bboxes[entity.id];
+                     if (!v || v !== rule[criterion]) {
+                       pass = false;
+                       break;
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           if (_segmentsByWayId[entity.id]) {
-             _segmentsByWayId[entity.id].forEach(function (segment) {
-               _segmentsRTree.remove(_segmentsBBoxes[segment.id]);
+                 if (pass) {
+                   return 'pattern-' + rule.pattern;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               delete _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id];
-             });
+         return null;
+       }
 
-             delete _segmentsByWayId[entity.id];
+       function svgAreas(projection, context) {
+         function getPatternStyle(tags) {
+           var imageID = svgTagPattern(tags);
+
+           if (imageID) {
+             return 'url("#ideditor-' + imageID + '")';
            }
+
+           return '';
          }
 
-         function loadEntities(entities) {
-           _rtree.load(entities.map(entityBBox));
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var base = context.history().base(); // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
 
-           var segments = [];
-           entities.forEach(function (entity) {
-             if (entity.segments) {
-               var entitySegments = entity.segments(head); // cache these to make them easy to remove later
+           var data = {
+             targets: [],
+             nopes: []
+           };
+           entities.forEach(function (way) {
+             var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
+             data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
+             data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
+           }); // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
 
-               _segmentsByWayId[entity.id] = entitySegments;
-               segments = segments.concat(entitySegments);
-             }
-           });
-           if (segments.length) _segmentsRTree.load(segments.map(segmentBBox).filter(Boolean));
-         }
+           var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.area.target-allowed').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(targetData, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-         function updateParents(entity, insertions, memo) {
-           head.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (way) {
-             if (_bboxes[way.id]) {
-               removeEntity(way);
-               insertions[way.id] = way;
-             }
+           targets.exit().remove();
 
-             updateParents(way, insertions, memo);
-           });
-           head.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (relation) {
-             if (memo[entity.id]) return;
-             memo[entity.id] = true;
+           var segmentWasEdited = function segmentWasEdited(d) {
+             var wayID = d.properties.entity.id; // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
 
-             if (_bboxes[relation.id]) {
-               removeEntity(relation);
-               insertions[relation.id] = relation;
+             if (!base.entities[wayID] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
+               return false;
              }
 
-             updateParents(relation, insertions, memo);
-           });
-         }
+             return d.properties.nodes.some(function (n) {
+               return !base.entities[n.id] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
+             });
+           }; // enter/update
 
-         tree.rebase = function (entities, force) {
-           var insertions = {};
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-             var entity = entities[i];
-             if (!entity.visible) continue;
+           targets.enter().append('path').merge(targets).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'way area target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
+           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited); // NOPE
 
-             if (head.entities.hasOwnProperty(entity.id) || _bboxes[entity.id]) {
-               if (!force) {
-                 continue;
-               } else if (_bboxes[entity.id]) {
-                 removeEntity(entity);
-               }
-             }
+           var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
+           var nopes = selection.selectAll('.area.target-nope').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(nopeData, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-             insertions[entity.id] = entity;
-             updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
-           }
+           nopes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-           loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));
-           return tree;
-         };
+           nopes.enter().append('path').merge(nopes).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'way area target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
+           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
+         }
 
-         function updateToGraph(graph) {
-           if (graph === head) return;
-           var diff = coreDifference(head, graph);
-           head = graph;
-           var changed = diff.didChange;
-           if (!changed.addition && !changed.deletion && !changed.geometry) return;
-           var insertions = {};
+         function drawAreas(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var path = svgPath(projection, graph, true);
+           var areas = {};
+           var multipolygon;
+           var base = context.history().base();
 
-           if (changed.deletion) {
-             diff.deleted().forEach(function (entity) {
-               removeEntity(entity);
-             });
-           }
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             if (entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') continue;
+             multipolygon = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
 
-           if (changed.geometry) {
-             diff.modified().forEach(function (entity) {
-               removeEntity(entity);
-               insertions[entity.id] = entity;
-               updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
-             });
+             if (multipolygon) {
+               areas[multipolygon.id] = {
+                 entity: multipolygon.mergeTags(entity.tags),
+                 area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
+               };
+             } else if (!areas[entity.id]) {
+               areas[entity.id] = {
+                 entity: entity,
+                 area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
+               };
+             }
            }
 
-           if (changed.addition) {
-             diff.created().forEach(function (entity) {
-               insertions[entity.id] = entity;
-             });
-           }
+           var fills = Object.values(areas).filter(function hasPath(a) {
+             return path(a.entity);
+           });
+           fills.sort(function areaSort(a, b) {
+             return b.area - a.area;
+           });
+           fills = fills.map(function (a) {
+             return a.entity;
+           });
+           var strokes = fills.filter(function (area) {
+             return area.type === 'way';
+           });
+           var data = {
+             clip: fills,
+             shadow: strokes,
+             stroke: strokes,
+             fill: fills
+           };
+           var clipPaths = context.surface().selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-osm').filter(filter).data(data.clip, osmEntity.key);
+           clipPaths.exit().remove();
+           var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter().append('clipPath').attr('class', 'clipPath-osm').attr('id', function (entity) {
+             return 'ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath';
+           });
+           clipPathsEnter.append('path');
+           clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter).selectAll('path').attr('d', path);
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.areas');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.areas'); // Draw areas..
 
-           loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));
-         } // returns an array of entities with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
+           var areagroup = drawLayer.selectAll('g.areagroup').data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);
+           areagroup = areagroup.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'areagroup area-' + d;
+           }).merge(areagroup);
+           var paths = areagroup.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(function (layer) {
+             return data[layer];
+           }, osmEntity.key);
+           paths.exit().remove();
+           var fillpaths = selection.selectAll('.area-fill path.area').nodes();
+           var bisect = d3_bisector(function (node) {
+             return -node.__data__.area(graph);
+           }).left;
 
+           function sortedByArea(entity) {
+             if (this._parent.__data__ === 'fill') {
+               return fillpaths[bisect(fillpaths, -entity.area(graph))];
+             }
+           }
 
-         tree.intersects = function (extent, graph) {
-           updateToGraph(graph);
-           return _rtree.search(extent.bbox()).map(function (bbox) {
-             return graph.entity(bbox.id);
-           });
-         }; // returns an array of segment objects with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
+           paths = paths.enter().insert('path', sortedByArea).merge(paths).each(function (entity) {
+             var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
+             this.setAttribute('class', entity.type + ' area ' + layer + ' ' + entity.id);
 
+             if (layer === 'fill') {
+               this.setAttribute('clip-path', 'url(#ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath)');
+               this.style.fill = this.style.stroke = getPatternStyle(entity.tags);
+             }
+           }).classed('added', function (d) {
+             return !base.entities[d.id];
+           }).classed('geometry-edited', function (d) {
+             return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
+           }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
+             return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
+           }).call(svgTagClasses()).attr('d', path); // Draw touch targets..
 
-         tree.waySegments = function (extent, graph) {
-           updateToGraph(graph);
-           return _segmentsRTree.search(extent.bbox()).map(function (bbox) {
-             return bbox.segment;
-           });
-         };
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, data.stroke, filter);
+         }
 
-         return tree;
+         return drawAreas;
        }
 
-       function uiModal(selection, blocking) {
-         var _this = this;
-
-         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('modal');
-         var previous = selection.select('div.modal');
-         var animate = previous.empty();
-         previous.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
-         var shaded = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'shaded').style('opacity', 0);
-
-         shaded.close = function () {
-           shaded.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
-           modal.transition().duration(200).style('top', '0px');
-           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+       var fastJsonStableStringify = function fastJsonStableStringify(data, opts) {
+         if (!opts) opts = {};
+         if (typeof opts === 'function') opts = {
+           cmp: opts
          };
+         var cycles = typeof opts.cycles === 'boolean' ? opts.cycles : false;
 
-         var modal = shaded.append('div').attr('class', 'modal fillL');
-         modal.append('input').attr('class', 'keytrap keytrap-first').on('focus.keytrap', moveFocusToLast);
-
-         if (!blocking) {
-           shaded.on('click.remove-modal', function (d3_event) {
-             if (d3_event.target === _this) {
-               shaded.close();
-             }
-           });
-           modal.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', shaded.close).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           keybinding.on('⌫', shaded.close).on('⎋', shaded.close);
-           select(document).call(keybinding);
-         }
+         var cmp = opts.cmp && function (f) {
+           return function (node) {
+             return function (a, b) {
+               var aobj = {
+                 key: a,
+                 value: node[a]
+               };
+               var bobj = {
+                 key: b,
+                 value: node[b]
+               };
+               return f(aobj, bobj);
+             };
+           };
+         }(opts.cmp);
 
-         modal.append('div').attr('class', 'content');
-         modal.append('input').attr('class', 'keytrap keytrap-last').on('focus.keytrap', moveFocusToFirst);
+         var seen = [];
+         return function stringify(node) {
+           if (node && node.toJSON && typeof node.toJSON === 'function') {
+             node = node.toJSON();
+           }
 
-         if (animate) {
-           shaded.transition().style('opacity', 1);
-         } else {
-           shaded.style('opacity', 1);
-         }
+           if (node === undefined) return;
+           if (typeof node == 'number') return isFinite(node) ? '' + node : 'null';
+           if (_typeof(node) !== 'object') return JSON.stringify(node);
+           var i, out;
 
-         return shaded;
+           if (Array.isArray(node)) {
+             out = '[';
 
-         function moveFocusToFirst() {
-           var node = modal // there are additional rules about what's focusable, but this suits our purposes
-           .select('a, button, input:not(.keytrap), select, textarea').node();
+             for (i = 0; i < node.length; i++) {
+               if (i) out += ',';
+               out += stringify(node[i]) || 'null';
+             }
 
-           if (node) {
-             node.focus();
-           } else {
-             select(this).node().blur();
+             return out + ']';
            }
-         }
 
-         function moveFocusToLast() {
-           var nodes = modal.selectAll('a, button, input:not(.keytrap), select, textarea').nodes();
+           if (node === null) return 'null';
 
-           if (nodes.length) {
-             nodes[nodes.length - 1].focus();
-           } else {
-             select(this).node().blur();
+           if (seen.indexOf(node) !== -1) {
+             if (cycles) return JSON.stringify('__cycle__');
+             throw new TypeError('Converting circular structure to JSON');
            }
-         }
-       }
-
-       function uiLoading(context) {
-         var _modalSelection = select(null);
 
-         var _message = '';
-         var _blocking = false;
-
-         var loading = function loading(selection) {
-           _modalSelection = uiModal(selection, _blocking);
+           var seenIndex = seen.push(node) - 1;
+           var keys = Object.keys(node).sort(cmp && cmp(node));
+           out = '';
 
-           var loadertext = _modalSelection.select('.content').classed('loading-modal', true).append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section fillL');
+           for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+             var key = keys[i];
+             var value = stringify(node[key]);
+             if (!value) continue;
+             if (out) out += ',';
+             out += JSON.stringify(key) + ':' + value;
+           }
 
-           loadertext.append('img').attr('class', 'loader').attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-white.gif'));
-           loadertext.append('h3').html(_message);
+           seen.splice(seenIndex, 1);
+           return '{' + out + '}';
+         }(data);
+       };
 
-           _modalSelection.select('button.close').attr('class', 'hide');
+       var $$2 = _export;
+       var $entries = objectToArray.entries;
 
-           return loading;
-         };
+       // `Object.entries` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.entries
+       $$2({ target: 'Object', stat: true }, {
+         entries: function entries(O) {
+           return $entries(O);
+         }
+       });
 
-         loading.message = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _message;
-           _message = val;
-           return loading;
-         };
+       var _marked = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(gpxGen),
+           _marked3 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(kmlGen);
 
-         loading.blocking = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _blocking;
-           _blocking = val;
-           return loading;
-         };
+       // cast array x into numbers
+       // get the content of a text node, if any
+       function nodeVal(x) {
+         if (x && x.normalize) {
+           x.normalize();
+         }
 
-         loading.close = function () {
-           _modalSelection.remove();
-         };
+         return x && x.textContent || "";
+       } // one Y child of X, if any, otherwise null
 
-         loading.isShown = function () {
-           return _modalSelection && !_modalSelection.empty() && _modalSelection.node().parentNode;
-         };
 
-         return loading;
+       function get1(x, y) {
+         var n = x.getElementsByTagName(y);
+         return n.length ? n[0] : null;
        }
 
-       function coreHistory(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('reset', 'change', 'merge', 'restore', 'undone', 'redone');
-
-         var _lock = utilSessionMutex('lock'); // restorable if iD not open in another window/tab and a saved history exists in localStorage
+       function getLineStyle(extensions) {
+         var style = {};
 
+         if (extensions) {
+           var lineStyle = get1(extensions, "line");
 
-         var _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = _lock.lock() && !!corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));
+           if (lineStyle) {
+             var color = nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, "color")),
+                 opacity = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, "opacity"))),
+                 width = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, "width")));
+             if (color) style.stroke = color;
+             if (!isNaN(opacity)) style["stroke-opacity"] = opacity; // GPX width is in mm, convert to px with 96 px per inch
 
-         var duration = 150;
-         var _imageryUsed = [];
-         var _photoOverlaysUsed = [];
-         var _checkpoints = {};
+             if (!isNaN(width)) style["stroke-width"] = width * 96 / 25.4;
+           }
+         }
 
-         var _pausedGraph;
+         return style;
+       } // get the contents of multiple text nodes, if present
 
-         var _stack;
 
-         var _index;
+       function getMulti(x, ys) {
+         var o = {};
+         var n;
+         var k;
 
-         var _tree; // internal _act, accepts list of actions and eased time
+         for (k = 0; k < ys.length; k++) {
+           n = get1(x, ys[k]);
+           if (n) o[ys[k]] = nodeVal(n);
+         }
 
+         return o;
+       }
 
-         function _act(actions, t) {
-           actions = Array.prototype.slice.call(actions);
-           var annotation;
+       function getProperties$1(node) {
+         var prop = getMulti(node, ["name", "cmt", "desc", "type", "time", "keywords"]); // Parse additional data from our Garmin extension(s)
 
-           if (typeof actions[actions.length - 1] !== 'function') {
-             annotation = actions.pop();
-           }
+         var extensions = node.getElementsByTagNameNS("http://www.garmin.com/xmlschemas/GpxExtensions/v3", "*");
 
-           var graph = _stack[_index].graph;
+         for (var i = 0; i < extensions.length; i++) {
+           var extension = extensions[i]; // Ignore nested extensions, like those on routepoints or trackpoints
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < actions.length; i++) {
-             graph = actions[i](graph, t);
+           if (extension.parentNode.parentNode === node) {
+             prop[extension.tagName.replace(":", "_")] = nodeVal(extension);
            }
+         }
 
-           return {
-             graph: graph,
-             annotation: annotation,
-             imageryUsed: _imageryUsed,
-             photoOverlaysUsed: _photoOverlaysUsed,
-             transform: context.projection.transform(),
-             selectedIDs: context.selectedIDs()
-           };
-         } // internal _perform with eased time
+         var links = node.getElementsByTagName("link");
+         if (links.length) prop.links = [];
 
+         for (var _i = 0; _i < links.length; _i++) {
+           prop.links.push(Object.assign({
+             href: links[_i].getAttribute("href")
+           }, getMulti(links[_i], ["text", "type"])));
+         }
 
-         function _perform(args, t) {
-           var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
-           _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
+         return prop;
+       }
 
-           var actionResult = _act(args, t);
+       function coordPair$1(x) {
+         var ll = [parseFloat(x.getAttribute("lon")), parseFloat(x.getAttribute("lat"))];
+         var ele = get1(x, "ele"); // handle namespaced attribute in browser
 
-           _stack.push(actionResult);
+         var heart = get1(x, "gpxtpx:hr") || get1(x, "hr");
+         var time = get1(x, "time");
+         var e;
 
-           _index++;
-           return change(previous);
-         } // internal _replace with eased time
+         if (ele) {
+           e = parseFloat(nodeVal(ele));
 
+           if (!isNaN(e)) {
+             ll.push(e);
+           }
+         }
 
-         function _replace(args, t) {
-           var previous = _stack[_index].graph; // assert(_index == _stack.length - 1)
+         var result = {
+           coordinates: ll,
+           time: time ? nodeVal(time) : null,
+           extendedValues: []
+         };
 
-           var actionResult = _act(args, t);
+         if (heart) {
+           result.extendedValues.push(["heart", parseFloat(nodeVal(heart))]);
+         }
 
-           _stack[_index] = actionResult;
-           return change(previous);
-         } // internal _overwrite with eased time
+         var extensions = get1(x, "extensions");
 
+         if (extensions !== null) {
+           for (var _i2 = 0, _arr = ["speed", "course", "hAcc", "vAcc"]; _i2 < _arr.length; _i2++) {
+             var name = _arr[_i2];
+             var v = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(extensions, name)));
 
-         function _overwrite(args, t) {
-           var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
+             if (!isNaN(v)) {
+               result.extendedValues.push([name, v]);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           if (_index > 0) {
-             _index--;
+         return result;
+       }
 
-             _stack.pop();
+       function getRoute(node) {
+         var line = getPoints$1(node, "rtept");
+         if (!line) return;
+         return {
+           type: "Feature",
+           properties: Object.assign(getProperties$1(node), getLineStyle(get1(node, "extensions")), {
+             _gpxType: "rte"
+           }),
+           geometry: {
+             type: "LineString",
+             coordinates: line.line
            }
+         };
+       }
 
-           _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
+       function getPoints$1(node, pointname) {
+         var pts = node.getElementsByTagName(pointname);
+         if (pts.length < 2) return; // Invalid line in GeoJSON
 
-           var actionResult = _act(args, t);
+         var line = [];
+         var times = [];
+         var extendedValues = {};
 
-           _stack.push(actionResult);
+         for (var i = 0; i < pts.length; i++) {
+           var c = coordPair$1(pts[i]);
+           line.push(c.coordinates);
+           if (c.time) times.push(c.time);
 
-           _index++;
-           return change(previous);
-         } // determine difference and dispatch a change event
+           for (var j = 0; j < c.extendedValues.length; j++) {
+             var _c$extendedValues$j = _slicedToArray(c.extendedValues[j], 2),
+                 name = _c$extendedValues$j[0],
+                 val = _c$extendedValues$j[1];
 
+             var plural = name === "heart" ? name : name + "s";
 
-         function change(previous) {
-           var difference = coreDifference(previous, history.graph());
+             if (!extendedValues[plural]) {
+               extendedValues[plural] = Array(pts.length).fill(null);
+             }
 
-           if (!_pausedGraph) {
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, difference);
+             extendedValues[plural][i] = val;
            }
-
-           return difference;
-         } // iD uses namespaced keys so multiple installations do not conflict
-
-
-         function getKey(n) {
-           return 'iD_' + window.location.origin + '_' + n;
          }
 
-         var history = {
-           graph: function graph() {
-             return _stack[_index].graph;
-           },
-           tree: function tree() {
-             return _tree;
-           },
-           base: function base() {
-             return _stack[0].graph;
-           },
-           merge: function merge(entities
-           /*, extent*/
-           ) {
-             var stack = _stack.map(function (state) {
-               return state.graph;
-             });
-
-             _stack[0].graph.rebase(entities, stack, false);
-
-             _tree.rebase(entities, false);
-
-             dispatch$1.call('merge', this, entities);
-           },
-           perform: function perform() {
-             // complete any transition already in progress
-             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
-             var transitionable = false;
-             var action0 = arguments[0];
-
-             if (arguments.length === 1 || arguments.length === 2 && typeof arguments[1] !== 'function') {
-               transitionable = !!action0.transitionable;
-             }
-
-             if (transitionable) {
-               var origArguments = arguments;
-               select(document).transition('history.perform').duration(duration).ease(linear$1).tween('history.tween', function () {
-                 return function (t) {
-                   if (t < 1) _overwrite([action0], t);
-                 };
-               }).on('start', function () {
-                 _perform([action0], 0);
-               }).on('end interrupt', function () {
-                 _overwrite(origArguments, 1);
-               });
-             } else {
-               return _perform(arguments);
-             }
-           },
-           replace: function replace() {
-             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
-             return _replace(arguments, 1);
-           },
-           // Same as calling pop and then perform
-           overwrite: function overwrite() {
-             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
-             return _overwrite(arguments, 1);
-           },
-           pop: function pop(n) {
-             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
-             var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
+         return {
+           line: line,
+           times: times,
+           extendedValues: extendedValues
+         };
+       }
 
-             if (isNaN(+n) || +n < 0) {
-               n = 1;
-             }
+       function getTrack(node) {
+         var segments = node.getElementsByTagName("trkseg");
+         var track = [];
+         var times = [];
+         var extractedLines = [];
 
-             while (n-- > 0 && _index > 0) {
-               _index--;
+         for (var i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
+           var line = getPoints$1(segments[i], "trkpt");
 
-               _stack.pop();
-             }
+           if (line) {
+             extractedLines.push(line);
+             if (line.times && line.times.length) times.push(line.times);
+           }
+         }
 
-             return change(previous);
-           },
-           // Back to the previous annotated state or _index = 0.
-           undo: function undo() {
-             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
-             var previousStack = _stack[_index];
-             var previous = previousStack.graph;
+         if (extractedLines.length === 0) return;
+         var multi = extractedLines.length > 1;
+         var properties = Object.assign(getProperties$1(node), getLineStyle(get1(node, "extensions")), {
+           _gpxType: "trk"
+         }, times.length ? {
+           coordinateProperties: {
+             times: multi ? times : times[0]
+           }
+         } : {});
 
-             while (_index > 0) {
-               _index--;
-               if (_stack[_index].annotation) break;
-             }
+         for (var _i3 = 0; _i3 < extractedLines.length; _i3++) {
+           var _line = extractedLines[_i3];
+           track.push(_line.line);
 
-             dispatch$1.call('undone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
-             return change(previous);
-           },
-           // Forward to the next annotated state.
-           redo: function redo() {
-             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
-             var previousStack = _stack[_index];
-             var previous = previousStack.graph;
-             var tryIndex = _index;
+           for (var _i4 = 0, _Object$entries = Object.entries(_line.extendedValues); _i4 < _Object$entries.length; _i4++) {
+             var _Object$entries$_i = _slicedToArray(_Object$entries[_i4], 2),
+                 name = _Object$entries$_i[0],
+                 val = _Object$entries$_i[1];
 
-             while (tryIndex < _stack.length - 1) {
-               tryIndex++;
+             var props = properties;
 
-               if (_stack[tryIndex].annotation) {
-                 _index = tryIndex;
-                 dispatch$1.call('redone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
-                 break;
+             if (name === "heart") {
+               if (!properties.coordinateProperties) {
+                 properties.coordinateProperties = {};
                }
-             }
-
-             return change(previous);
-           },
-           pauseChangeDispatch: function pauseChangeDispatch() {
-             if (!_pausedGraph) {
-               _pausedGraph = _stack[_index].graph;
-             }
-           },
-           resumeChangeDispatch: function resumeChangeDispatch() {
-             if (_pausedGraph) {
-               var previous = _pausedGraph;
-               _pausedGraph = null;
-               return change(previous);
-             }
-           },
-           undoAnnotation: function undoAnnotation() {
-             var i = _index;
-
-             while (i >= 0) {
-               if (_stack[i].annotation) return _stack[i].annotation;
-               i--;
-             }
-           },
-           redoAnnotation: function redoAnnotation() {
-             var i = _index + 1;
-
-             while (i <= _stack.length - 1) {
-               if (_stack[i].annotation) return _stack[i].annotation;
-               i++;
-             }
-           },
-           // Returns the entities from the active graph with bounding boxes
-           // overlapping the given `extent`.
-           intersects: function intersects(extent) {
-             return _tree.intersects(extent, _stack[_index].graph);
-           },
-           difference: function difference() {
-             var base = _stack[0].graph;
-             var head = _stack[_index].graph;
-             return coreDifference(base, head);
-           },
-           changes: function changes(action) {
-             var base = _stack[0].graph;
-             var head = _stack[_index].graph;
 
-             if (action) {
-               head = action(head);
+               props = properties.coordinateProperties;
              }
 
-             var difference = coreDifference(base, head);
-             return {
-               modified: difference.modified(),
-               created: difference.created(),
-               deleted: difference.deleted()
-             };
-           },
-           hasChanges: function hasChanges() {
-             return this.difference().length() > 0;
-           },
-           imageryUsed: function imageryUsed(sources) {
-             if (sources) {
-               _imageryUsed = sources;
-               return history;
-             } else {
-               var s = new Set();
-
-               _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function (state) {
-                 state.imageryUsed.forEach(function (source) {
-                   if (source !== 'Custom') {
-                     s.add(source);
-                   }
-                 });
+             if (multi) {
+               if (!props[name]) props[name] = extractedLines.map(function (line) {
+                 return new Array(line.line.length).fill(null);
                });
-
-               return Array.from(s);
-             }
-           },
-           photoOverlaysUsed: function photoOverlaysUsed(sources) {
-             if (sources) {
-               _photoOverlaysUsed = sources;
-               return history;
+               props[name][_i3] = val;
              } else {
-               var s = new Set();
+               props[name] = val;
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function (state) {
-                 if (state.photoOverlaysUsed && Array.isArray(state.photoOverlaysUsed)) {
-                   state.photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function (photoOverlay) {
-                     s.add(photoOverlay);
-                   });
-                 }
-               });
+         return {
+           type: "Feature",
+           properties: properties,
+           geometry: multi ? {
+             type: "MultiLineString",
+             coordinates: track
+           } : {
+             type: "LineString",
+             coordinates: track[0]
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
-               return Array.from(s);
-             }
-           },
-           // save the current history state
-           checkpoint: function checkpoint(key) {
-             _checkpoints[key] = {
-               stack: _stack,
-               index: _index
-             };
-             return history;
-           },
-           // restore history state to a given checkpoint or reset completely
-           reset: function reset(key) {
-             if (key !== undefined && _checkpoints.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
-               _stack = _checkpoints[key].stack;
-               _index = _checkpoints[key].index;
-             } else {
-               _stack = [{
-                 graph: coreGraph()
-               }];
-               _index = 0;
-               _tree = coreTree(_stack[0].graph);
-               _checkpoints = {};
-             }
+       function getPoint(node) {
+         return {
+           type: "Feature",
+           properties: Object.assign(getProperties$1(node), getMulti(node, ["sym"])),
+           geometry: {
+             type: "Point",
+             coordinates: coordPair$1(node).coordinates
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
-             dispatch$1.call('reset');
-             dispatch$1.call('change');
-             return history;
-           },
-           // `toIntroGraph()` is used to export the intro graph used by the walkthrough.
-           //
-           // To use it:
-           //  1. Start the walkthrough.
-           //  2. Get to a "free editing" tutorial step
-           //  3. Make your edits to the walkthrough map
-           //  4. In your browser dev console run:
-           //        `id.history().toIntroGraph()`
-           //  5. This outputs stringified JSON to the browser console
-           //  6. Copy it to `data/intro_graph.json` and prettify it in your code editor
-           toIntroGraph: function toIntroGraph() {
-             var nextID = {
-               n: 0,
-               r: 0,
-               w: 0
-             };
-             var permIDs = {};
-             var graph = this.graph();
-             var baseEntities = {}; // clone base entities..
+       function gpxGen(doc) {
+         var tracks, routes, waypoints, i, feature, _i5, _feature, _i6;
+
+         return regeneratorRuntime.wrap(function gpxGen$(_context) {
+           while (1) {
+             switch (_context.prev = _context.next) {
+               case 0:
+                 tracks = doc.getElementsByTagName("trk");
+                 routes = doc.getElementsByTagName("rte");
+                 waypoints = doc.getElementsByTagName("wpt");
+                 i = 0;
 
-             Object.values(graph.base().entities).forEach(function (entity) {
-               var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
-               baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
-             }); // replace base entities with head entities..
+               case 4:
+                 if (!(i < tracks.length)) {
+                   _context.next = 12;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-             Object.keys(graph.entities).forEach(function (id) {
-               var entity = graph.entities[id];
+                 feature = getTrack(tracks[i]);
 
-               if (entity) {
-                 var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
-                 baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
-               } else {
-                 delete baseEntities[id];
-               }
-             }); // swap temporary for permanent ids..
+                 if (!feature) {
+                   _context.next = 9;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-             Object.values(baseEntities).forEach(function (entity) {
-               if (Array.isArray(entity.nodes)) {
-                 entity.nodes = entity.nodes.map(function (node) {
-                   return permIDs[node] || node;
-                 });
-               }
+                 _context.next = 9;
+                 return feature;
 
-               if (Array.isArray(entity.members)) {
-                 entity.members = entity.members.map(function (member) {
-                   member.id = permIDs[member.id] || member.id;
-                   return member;
-                 });
-               }
-             });
-             return JSON.stringify({
-               dataIntroGraph: baseEntities
-             });
+               case 9:
+                 i++;
+                 _context.next = 4;
+                 break;
 
-             function copyIntroEntity(source) {
-               var copy = utilObjectOmit(source, ['type', 'user', 'v', 'version', 'visible']); // Note: the copy is no longer an osmEntity, so it might not have `tags`
+               case 12:
+                 _i5 = 0;
 
-               if (copy.tags && !Object.keys(copy.tags)) {
-                 delete copy.tags;
-               }
+               case 13:
+                 if (!(_i5 < routes.length)) {
+                   _context.next = 21;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-               if (Array.isArray(copy.loc)) {
-                 copy.loc[0] = +copy.loc[0].toFixed(6);
-                 copy.loc[1] = +copy.loc[1].toFixed(6);
-               }
+                 _feature = getRoute(routes[_i5]);
 
-               var match = source.id.match(/([nrw])-\d*/); // temporary id
+                 if (!_feature) {
+                   _context.next = 18;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-               if (match !== null) {
-                 var nrw = match[1];
-                 var permID;
+                 _context.next = 18;
+                 return _feature;
 
-                 do {
-                   permID = nrw + ++nextID[nrw];
-                 } while (baseEntities.hasOwnProperty(permID));
+               case 18:
+                 _i5++;
+                 _context.next = 13;
+                 break;
 
-                 copy.id = permIDs[source.id] = permID;
-               }
+               case 21:
+                 _i6 = 0;
 
-               return copy;
+               case 22:
+                 if (!(_i6 < waypoints.length)) {
+                   _context.next = 28;
+                   break;
+                 }
+
+                 _context.next = 25;
+                 return getPoint(waypoints[_i6]);
+
+               case 25:
+                 _i6++;
+                 _context.next = 22;
+                 break;
+
+               case 28:
+               case "end":
+                 return _context.stop();
              }
-           },
-           toJSON: function toJSON() {
-             if (!this.hasChanges()) return;
-             var allEntities = {};
-             var baseEntities = {};
-             var base = _stack[0];
+           }
+         }, _marked);
+       }
 
-             var s = _stack.map(function (i) {
-               var modified = [];
-               var deleted = [];
-               Object.keys(i.graph.entities).forEach(function (id) {
-                 var entity = i.graph.entities[id];
+       function gpx(doc) {
+         return {
+           type: "FeatureCollection",
+           features: Array.from(gpxGen(doc))
+         };
+       }
 
-                 if (entity) {
-                   var key = osmEntity.key(entity);
-                   allEntities[key] = entity;
-                   modified.push(key);
-                 } else {
-                   deleted.push(id);
-                 } // make sure that the originals of changed or deleted entities get merged
-                 // into the base of the _stack after restoring the data from JSON.
+       var removeSpace = /\s*/g;
+       var trimSpace = /^\s*|\s*$/g;
+       var splitSpace = /\s+/; // generate a short, numeric hash of a string
 
+       function okhash(x) {
+         if (!x || !x.length) return 0;
+         var h = 0;
 
-                 if (id in base.graph.entities) {
-                   baseEntities[id] = base.graph.entities[id];
-                 }
+         for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
+           h = (h << 5) - h + x.charCodeAt(i) | 0;
+         }
 
-                 if (entity && entity.nodes) {
-                   // get originals of pre-existing child nodes
-                   entity.nodes.forEach(function (nodeID) {
-                     if (nodeID in base.graph.entities) {
-                       baseEntities[nodeID] = base.graph.entities[nodeID];
-                     }
-                   });
-                 } // get originals of parent entities too
+         return h;
+       } // get one coordinate from a coordinate array, if any
 
 
-                 var baseParents = base.graph._parentWays[id];
+       function coord1(v) {
+         return v.replace(removeSpace, "").split(",").map(parseFloat);
+       } // get all coordinates from a coordinate array as [[],[]]
 
-                 if (baseParents) {
-                   baseParents.forEach(function (parentID) {
-                     if (parentID in base.graph.entities) {
-                       baseEntities[parentID] = base.graph.entities[parentID];
-                     }
-                   });
-                 }
-               });
-               var x = {};
-               if (modified.length) x.modified = modified;
-               if (deleted.length) x.deleted = deleted;
-               if (i.imageryUsed) x.imageryUsed = i.imageryUsed;
-               if (i.photoOverlaysUsed) x.photoOverlaysUsed = i.photoOverlaysUsed;
-               if (i.annotation) x.annotation = i.annotation;
-               if (i.transform) x.transform = i.transform;
-               if (i.selectedIDs) x.selectedIDs = i.selectedIDs;
-               return x;
-             });
 
-             return JSON.stringify({
-               version: 3,
-               entities: Object.values(allEntities),
-               baseEntities: Object.values(baseEntities),
-               stack: s,
-               nextIDs: osmEntity.id.next,
-               index: _index,
-               // note the time the changes were saved
-               timestamp: new Date().getTime()
-             });
-           },
-           fromJSON: function fromJSON(json, loadChildNodes) {
-             var h = JSON.parse(json);
-             var loadComplete = true;
-             osmEntity.id.next = h.nextIDs;
-             _index = h.index;
+       function coord(v) {
+         return v.replace(trimSpace, "").split(splitSpace).map(coord1);
+       }
 
-             if (h.version === 2 || h.version === 3) {
-               var allEntities = {};
-               h.entities.forEach(function (entity) {
-                 allEntities[osmEntity.key(entity)] = osmEntity(entity);
-               });
+       function xml2str(node) {
+         if (node.xml !== undefined) return node.xml;
 
-               if (h.version === 3) {
-                 // This merges originals for changed entities into the base of
-                 // the _stack even if the current _stack doesn't have them (for
-                 // example when iD has been restarted in a different region)
-                 var baseEntities = h.baseEntities.map(function (d) {
-                   return osmEntity(d);
-                 });
+         if (node.tagName) {
+           var output = node.tagName;
 
-                 var stack = _stack.map(function (state) {
-                   return state.graph;
-                 });
+           for (var i = 0; i < node.attributes.length; i++) {
+             output += node.attributes[i].name + node.attributes[i].value;
+           }
 
-                 _stack[0].graph.rebase(baseEntities, stack, true);
+           for (var _i9 = 0; _i9 < node.childNodes.length; _i9++) {
+             output += xml2str(node.childNodes[_i9]);
+           }
 
-                 _tree.rebase(baseEntities, true); // When we restore a modified way, we also need to fetch any missing
-                 // childnodes that would normally have been downloaded with it.. #2142
+           return output;
+         }
 
+         if (node.nodeName === "#text") {
+           return (node.nodeValue || node.value || "").trim();
+         }
 
-                 if (loadChildNodes) {
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   var baseWays = baseEntities.filter(function (e) {
-                     return e.type === 'way';
-                   });
-                   var nodeIDs = baseWays.reduce(function (acc, way) {
-                     return utilArrayUnion(acc, way.nodes);
-                   }, []);
-                   var missing = nodeIDs.filter(function (n) {
-                     return !_stack[0].graph.hasEntity(n);
-                   });
+         if (node.nodeName === "#cdata-section") {
+           return node.nodeValue;
+         }
 
-                   if (missing.length && osm) {
-                     loadComplete = false;
-                     context.map().redrawEnable(false);
-                     var loading = uiLoading(context).blocking(true);
-                     context.container().call(loading);
+         return "";
+       }
 
-                     var childNodesLoaded = function childNodesLoaded(err, result) {
-                       if (!err) {
-                         var visibleGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(result.data, 'visible');
-                         var visibles = visibleGroups["true"] || []; // alive nodes
+       var geotypes = ["Polygon", "LineString", "Point", "Track", "gx:Track"];
 
-                         var invisibles = visibleGroups["false"] || []; // deleted nodes
+       function kmlColor(properties, elem, prefix) {
+         var v = nodeVal(get1(elem, "color")) || "";
+         var colorProp = prefix == "stroke" || prefix === "fill" ? prefix : prefix + "-color";
 
-                         if (visibles.length) {
-                           var visibleIDs = visibles.map(function (entity) {
-                             return entity.id;
-                           });
+         if (v.substr(0, 1) === "#") {
+           v = v.substr(1);
+         }
 
-                           var stack = _stack.map(function (state) {
-                             return state.graph;
-                           });
+         if (v.length === 6 || v.length === 3) {
+           properties[colorProp] = v;
+         } else if (v.length === 8) {
+           properties[prefix + "-opacity"] = parseInt(v.substr(0, 2), 16) / 255;
+           properties[colorProp] = "#" + v.substr(6, 2) + v.substr(4, 2) + v.substr(2, 2);
+         }
+       }
 
-                           missing = utilArrayDifference(missing, visibleIDs);
+       function numericProperty(properties, elem, source, target) {
+         var val = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(elem, source)));
+         if (!isNaN(val)) properties[target] = val;
+       }
 
-                           _stack[0].graph.rebase(visibles, stack, true);
+       function gxCoords(root) {
+         var elems = root.getElementsByTagName("coord");
+         var coords = [];
+         var times = [];
+         if (elems.length === 0) elems = root.getElementsByTagName("gx:coord");
 
-                           _tree.rebase(visibles, true);
-                         } // fetch older versions of nodes that were deleted..
+         for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i++) {
+           coords.push(nodeVal(elems[i]).split(" ").map(parseFloat));
+         }
 
+         var timeElems = root.getElementsByTagName("when");
 
-                         invisibles.forEach(function (entity) {
-                           osm.loadEntityVersion(entity.id, +entity.version - 1, childNodesLoaded);
-                         });
-                       }
+         for (var j = 0; j < timeElems.length; j++) {
+           times.push(nodeVal(timeElems[j]));
+         }
 
-                       if (err || !missing.length) {
-                         loading.close();
-                         context.map().redrawEnable(true);
-                         dispatch$1.call('change');
-                         dispatch$1.call('restore', this);
-                       }
-                     };
+         return {
+           coords: coords,
+           times: times
+         };
+       }
 
-                     osm.loadMultiple(missing, childNodesLoaded);
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
+       function getGeometry(root) {
+         var geomNode;
+         var geomNodes;
+         var i;
+         var j;
+         var k;
+         var geoms = [];
+         var coordTimes = [];
 
-               _stack = h.stack.map(function (d) {
-                 var entities = {},
-                     entity;
+         if (get1(root, "MultiGeometry")) {
+           return getGeometry(get1(root, "MultiGeometry"));
+         }
 
-                 if (d.modified) {
-                   d.modified.forEach(function (key) {
-                     entity = allEntities[key];
-                     entities[entity.id] = entity;
-                   });
-                 }
+         if (get1(root, "MultiTrack")) {
+           return getGeometry(get1(root, "MultiTrack"));
+         }
 
-                 if (d.deleted) {
-                   d.deleted.forEach(function (id) {
-                     entities[id] = undefined;
-                   });
-                 }
+         if (get1(root, "gx:MultiTrack")) {
+           return getGeometry(get1(root, "gx:MultiTrack"));
+         }
 
-                 return {
-                   graph: coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities),
-                   annotation: d.annotation,
-                   imageryUsed: d.imageryUsed,
-                   photoOverlaysUsed: d.photoOverlaysUsed,
-                   transform: d.transform,
-                   selectedIDs: d.selectedIDs
-                 };
-               });
-             } else {
-               // original version
-               _stack = h.stack.map(function (d) {
-                 var entities = {};
+         for (i = 0; i < geotypes.length; i++) {
+           geomNodes = root.getElementsByTagName(geotypes[i]);
 
-                 for (var i in d.entities) {
-                   var entity = d.entities[i];
-                   entities[i] = entity === 'undefined' ? undefined : osmEntity(entity);
+           if (geomNodes) {
+             for (j = 0; j < geomNodes.length; j++) {
+               geomNode = geomNodes[j];
+
+               if (geotypes[i] === "Point") {
+                 geoms.push({
+                   type: "Point",
+                   coordinates: coord1(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, "coordinates")))
+                 });
+               } else if (geotypes[i] === "LineString") {
+                 geoms.push({
+                   type: "LineString",
+                   coordinates: coord(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, "coordinates")))
+                 });
+               } else if (geotypes[i] === "Polygon") {
+                 var rings = geomNode.getElementsByTagName("LinearRing"),
+                     coords = [];
+
+                 for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
+                   coords.push(coord(nodeVal(get1(rings[k], "coordinates"))));
                  }
 
-                 d.graph = coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities);
-                 return d;
-               });
+                 geoms.push({
+                   type: "Polygon",
+                   coordinates: coords
+                 });
+               } else if (geotypes[i] === "Track" || geotypes[i] === "gx:Track") {
+                 var track = gxCoords(geomNode);
+                 geoms.push({
+                   type: "LineString",
+                   coordinates: track.coords
+                 });
+                 if (track.times.length) coordTimes.push(track.times);
+               }
              }
+           }
+         }
 
-             var transform = _stack[_index].transform;
+         return {
+           geoms: geoms,
+           coordTimes: coordTimes
+         };
+       }
 
-             if (transform) {
-               context.map().transformEase(transform, 0); // 0 = immediate, no easing
-             }
+       function getPlacemark(root, styleIndex, styleMapIndex, styleByHash) {
+         var geomsAndTimes = getGeometry(root);
+         var i;
+         var properties = {};
+         var name = nodeVal(get1(root, "name"));
+         var address = nodeVal(get1(root, "address"));
+         var styleUrl = nodeVal(get1(root, "styleUrl"));
+         var description = nodeVal(get1(root, "description"));
+         var timeSpan = get1(root, "TimeSpan");
+         var timeStamp = get1(root, "TimeStamp");
+         var extendedData = get1(root, "ExtendedData");
+         var iconStyle = get1(root, "IconStyle");
+         var labelStyle = get1(root, "LabelStyle");
+         var lineStyle = get1(root, "LineStyle");
+         var polyStyle = get1(root, "PolyStyle");
+         var visibility = get1(root, "visibility");
+         if (name) properties.name = name;
+         if (address) properties.address = address;
 
-             if (loadComplete) {
-               dispatch$1.call('change');
-               dispatch$1.call('restore', this);
-             }
+         if (styleUrl) {
+           if (styleUrl[0] !== "#") {
+             styleUrl = "#" + styleUrl;
+           }
 
-             return history;
-           },
-           lock: function lock() {
-             return _lock.lock();
-           },
-           unlock: function unlock() {
-             _lock.unlock();
-           },
-           save: function save() {
-             if (_lock.locked() && // don't overwrite existing, unresolved changes
-             !_hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges) {
-               corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), history.toJSON() || null);
-             }
+           properties.styleUrl = styleUrl;
 
-             return history;
-           },
-           // delete the history version saved in localStorage
-           clearSaved: function clearSaved() {
-             context.debouncedSave.cancel();
+           if (styleIndex[styleUrl]) {
+             properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleUrl];
+           }
 
-             if (_lock.locked()) {
-               _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
-               corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), null); // clear the changeset metadata associated with the saved history
+           if (styleMapIndex[styleUrl]) {
+             properties.styleMapHash = styleMapIndex[styleUrl];
+             properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleMapIndex[styleUrl].normal];
+           } // Try to populate the lineStyle or polyStyle since we got the style hash
 
-               corePreferences('comment', null);
-               corePreferences('hashtags', null);
-               corePreferences('source', null);
-             }
 
-             return history;
-           },
-           savedHistoryJSON: function savedHistoryJSON() {
-             return corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));
-           },
-           hasRestorableChanges: function hasRestorableChanges() {
-             return _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges;
-           },
-           // load history from a version stored in localStorage
-           restore: function restore() {
-             if (_lock.locked()) {
-               _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
-               var json = this.savedHistoryJSON();
-               if (json) history.fromJSON(json, true);
-             }
-           },
-           _getKey: getKey
-         };
-         history.reset();
-         return utilRebind(history, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           var style = styleByHash[properties.styleHash];
 
-       /**
-        * Look for roads that can be connected to other roads with a short extension
-        */
+           if (style) {
+             if (!iconStyle) iconStyle = get1(style, "IconStyle");
+             if (!labelStyle) labelStyle = get1(style, "LabelStyle");
+             if (!lineStyle) lineStyle = get1(style, "LineStyle");
+             if (!polyStyle) polyStyle = get1(style, "PolyStyle");
+           }
+         }
 
-       function validationAlmostJunction(context) {
-         var type = 'almost_junction';
-         var EXTEND_TH_METERS = 5;
-         var WELD_TH_METERS = 0.75; // Comes from considering bounding case of parallel ways
+         if (description) properties.description = description;
 
-         var CLOSE_NODE_TH = EXTEND_TH_METERS - WELD_TH_METERS; // Comes from considering bounding case of perpendicular ways
+         if (timeSpan) {
+           var begin = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, "begin"));
+           var end = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, "end"));
+           properties.timespan = {
+             begin: begin,
+             end: end
+           };
+         }
 
-         var SIG_ANGLE_TH = Math.atan(WELD_TH_METERS / EXTEND_TH_METERS);
+         if (timeStamp) {
+           properties.timestamp = nodeVal(get1(timeStamp, "when"));
+         }
 
-         function isHighway(entity) {
-           return entity.type === 'way' && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
+         if (iconStyle) {
+           kmlColor(properties, iconStyle, "icon");
+           numericProperty(properties, iconStyle, "scale", "icon-scale");
+           numericProperty(properties, iconStyle, "heading", "icon-heading");
+           var hotspot = get1(iconStyle, "hotSpot");
+
+           if (hotspot) {
+             var left = parseFloat(hotspot.getAttribute("x"));
+             var top = parseFloat(hotspot.getAttribute("y"));
+             if (!isNaN(left) && !isNaN(top)) properties["icon-offset"] = [left, top];
+           }
+
+           var icon = get1(iconStyle, "Icon");
+
+           if (icon) {
+             var href = nodeVal(get1(icon, "href"));
+             if (href) properties.icon = href;
+           }
          }
 
-         function isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) {
-           return node.tags.noexit === 'yes' || node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance' || node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no';
+         if (labelStyle) {
+           kmlColor(properties, labelStyle, "label");
+           numericProperty(properties, labelStyle, "scale", "label-scale");
          }
 
-         var validation = function checkAlmostJunction(entity, graph) {
-           if (!isHighway(entity)) return [];
-           if (entity.isDegenerate()) return [];
-           var tree = context.history().tree();
-           var extendableNodeInfos = findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(entity);
-           var issues = [];
-           extendableNodeInfos.forEach(function (extendableNodeInfo) {
-             issues.push(new validationIssue({
-               type: type,
-               subtype: 'highway-highway',
-               severity: 'warning',
-               message: function message(context) {
-                 var entity1 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+         if (lineStyle) {
+           kmlColor(properties, lineStyle, "stroke");
+           numericProperty(properties, lineStyle, "width", "stroke-width");
+         }
 
-                 if (this.entityIds[0] === this.entityIds[2]) {
-                   return entity1 ? _t.html('issues.almost_junction.self.message', {
-                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph())
-                   }) : '';
-                 } else {
-                   var entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[2]);
-                   return entity1 && entity2 ? _t.html('issues.almost_junction.message', {
-                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph()),
-                     feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
-                   }) : '';
-                 }
-               },
-               reference: showReference,
-               entityIds: [entity.id, extendableNodeInfo.node.id, extendableNodeInfo.wid],
-               loc: extendableNodeInfo.node.loc,
-               hash: JSON.stringify(extendableNodeInfo.node.loc),
-               data: {
-                 midId: extendableNodeInfo.mid.id,
-                 edge: extendableNodeInfo.edge,
-                 cross_loc: extendableNodeInfo.cross_loc
-               },
-               dynamicFixes: makeFixes
-             }));
-           });
-           return issues;
+         if (polyStyle) {
+           kmlColor(properties, polyStyle, "fill");
+           var fill = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, "fill"));
+           var outline = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, "outline"));
+           if (fill) properties["fill-opacity"] = fill === "1" ? properties["fill-opacity"] || 1 : 0;
+           if (outline) properties["stroke-opacity"] = outline === "1" ? properties["stroke-opacity"] || 1 : 0;
+         }
 
-           function makeFixes(context) {
-             var fixes = [new validationIssueFix({
-               icon: 'iD-icon-abutment',
-               title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_features.title'),
-               onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                 var annotation = _t('issues.fix.connect_almost_junction.annotation');
+         if (extendedData) {
+           var datas = extendedData.getElementsByTagName("Data"),
+               simpleDatas = extendedData.getElementsByTagName("SimpleData");
 
-                 var _this$issue$entityIds = _slicedToArray(this.issue.entityIds, 3),
-                     endNodeId = _this$issue$entityIds[1],
-                     crossWayId = _this$issue$entityIds[2];
+           for (i = 0; i < datas.length; i++) {
+             properties[datas[i].getAttribute("name")] = nodeVal(get1(datas[i], "value"));
+           }
 
-                 var midNode = context.entity(this.issue.data.midId);
-                 var endNode = context.entity(endNodeId);
-                 var crossWay = context.entity(crossWayId); // When endpoints are close, just join if resulting small change in angle (#7201)
+           for (i = 0; i < simpleDatas.length; i++) {
+             properties[simpleDatas[i].getAttribute("name")] = nodeVal(simpleDatas[i]);
+           }
+         }
 
-                 var nearEndNodes = findNearbyEndNodes(endNode, crossWay);
+         if (visibility) {
+           properties.visibility = nodeVal(visibility);
+         }
 
-                 if (nearEndNodes.length > 0) {
-                   var collinear = findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, endNode, nearEndNodes);
+         if (geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length) {
+           properties.coordinateProperties = {
+             times: geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length === 1 ? geomsAndTimes.coordTimes[0] : geomsAndTimes.coordTimes
+           };
+         }
 
-                   if (collinear) {
-                     context.perform(actionMergeNodes([collinear.id, endNode.id], collinear.loc), annotation);
-                     return;
+         var feature = {
+           type: "Feature",
+           geometry: geomsAndTimes.geoms.length === 0 ? null : geomsAndTimes.geoms.length === 1 ? geomsAndTimes.geoms[0] : {
+             type: "GeometryCollection",
+             geometries: geomsAndTimes.geoms
+           },
+           properties: properties
+         };
+         if (root.getAttribute("id")) feature.id = root.getAttribute("id");
+         return feature;
+       }
+
+       function kmlGen(doc) {
+         var styleIndex, styleByHash, styleMapIndex, placemarks, styles, styleMaps, k, hash, l, pairs, pairsMap, m, j, feature;
+         return regeneratorRuntime.wrap(function kmlGen$(_context3) {
+           while (1) {
+             switch (_context3.prev = _context3.next) {
+               case 0:
+                 // styleindex keeps track of hashed styles in order to match feature
+                 styleIndex = {};
+                 styleByHash = {}; // stylemapindex keeps track of style maps to expose in properties
+
+                 styleMapIndex = {}; // atomic geospatial types supported by KML - MultiGeometry is
+                 // handled separately
+                 // all root placemarks in the file
+
+                 placemarks = doc.getElementsByTagName("Placemark");
+                 styles = doc.getElementsByTagName("Style");
+                 styleMaps = doc.getElementsByTagName("StyleMap");
+
+                 for (k = 0; k < styles.length; k++) {
+                   hash = okhash(xml2str(styles[k])).toString(16);
+                   styleIndex["#" + styles[k].getAttribute("id")] = hash;
+                   styleByHash[hash] = styles[k];
+                 }
+
+                 for (l = 0; l < styleMaps.length; l++) {
+                   styleIndex["#" + styleMaps[l].getAttribute("id")] = okhash(xml2str(styleMaps[l])).toString(16);
+                   pairs = styleMaps[l].getElementsByTagName("Pair");
+                   pairsMap = {};
+
+                   for (m = 0; m < pairs.length; m++) {
+                     pairsMap[nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], "key"))] = nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], "styleUrl"));
                    }
+
+                   styleMapIndex["#" + styleMaps[l].getAttribute("id")] = pairsMap;
                  }
 
-                 var targetEdge = this.issue.data.edge;
-                 var crossLoc = this.issue.data.cross_loc;
-                 var edgeNodes = [context.entity(targetEdge[0]), context.entity(targetEdge[1])];
-                 var closestNodeInfo = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, crossLoc); // already a point nearby, just connect to that
+                 j = 0;
 
-                 if (closestNodeInfo.distance < WELD_TH_METERS) {
-                   context.perform(actionMergeNodes([closestNodeInfo.node.id, endNode.id], closestNodeInfo.node.loc), annotation); // else add the end node to the edge way
-                 } else {
-                   context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
-                     loc: crossLoc,
-                     edge: targetEdge
-                   }, endNode), annotation);
+               case 9:
+                 if (!(j < placemarks.length)) {
+                   _context3.next = 17;
+                   break;
                  }
-               }
-             })];
-             var node = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
 
-             if (node && !node.hasInterestingTags()) {
-               // node has no descriptive tags, suggest noexit fix
-               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'maki-barrier',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.title'),
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   var nodeID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
-                   var tags = Object.assign({}, context.entity(nodeID).tags);
-                   tags.noexit = 'yes';
-                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(nodeID, tags), _t('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.annotation'));
+                 feature = getPlacemark(placemarks[j], styleIndex, styleMapIndex, styleByHash);
+
+                 if (!feature) {
+                   _context3.next = 14;
+                   break;
                  }
-               }));
+
+                 _context3.next = 14;
+                 return feature;
+
+               case 14:
+                 j++;
+                 _context3.next = 9;
+                 break;
+
+               case 17:
+               case "end":
+                 return _context3.stop();
              }
+           }
+         }, _marked3);
+       }
+
+       function kml(doc) {
+         return {
+           type: "FeatureCollection",
+           features: Array.from(kmlGen(doc))
+         };
+       }
+
+       var _initialized = false;
+       var _enabled = false;
+
+       var _geojson;
+
+       function svgData(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
+
+         var _showLabels = true;
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var layer = select(null);
+
+         var _vtService;
+
+         var _fileList;
+
+         var _template;
+
+         var _src;
+
+         function init() {
+           if (_initialized) return; // run once
+
+           _geojson = {};
+           _enabled = true;
+
+           function over(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy';
+           }
+
+           context.container().attr('dropzone', 'copy').on('drop.svgData', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (!detected.filedrop) return;
+             drawData.fileList(d3_event.dataTransfer.files);
+           }).on('dragenter.svgData', over).on('dragexit.svgData', over).on('dragover.svgData', over);
+           _initialized = true;
+         }
 
-             return fixes;
-           }
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.vectorTile && !_vtService) {
+             _vtService = services.vectorTile;
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.almost_junction.highway-highway.reference'));
+             _vtService.event.on('loadedData', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.vectorTile && _vtService) {
+             _vtService = null;
            }
 
-           function isExtendableCandidate(node, way) {
-             // can not accurately test vertices on tiles not downloaded from osm - #5938
-             var osm = services.osm;
+           return _vtService;
+         }
 
-             if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) {
-               return false;
-             }
+         function showLayer() {
+           layerOn();
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
 
-             if (isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) || graph.parentWays(node).length !== 1) {
-               return false;
-             }
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', layerOff);
+         }
 
-             var occurrences = 0;
+         function layerOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
-             for (var index in way.nodes) {
-               if (way.nodes[index] === node.id) {
-                 occurrences += 1;
+         function layerOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         } // ensure that all geojson features in a collection have IDs
 
-                 if (occurrences > 1) {
-                   return false;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
 
-             return true;
+         function ensureIDs(gj) {
+           if (!gj) return null;
+
+           if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
+             for (var i = 0; i < gj.features.length; i++) {
+               ensureFeatureID(gj.features[i]);
+             }
+           } else {
+             ensureFeatureID(gj);
            }
 
-           function findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(way) {
-             var results = [];
-             if (way.isClosed()) return results;
-             var testNodes;
-             var indices = [0, way.nodes.length - 1];
-             indices.forEach(function (nodeIndex) {
-               var nodeID = way.nodes[nodeIndex];
-               var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
-               if (!isExtendableCandidate(node, way)) return;
-               var connectionInfo = canConnectByExtend(way, nodeIndex);
-               if (!connectionInfo) return;
-               testNodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice(); // shallow copy
+           return gj;
+         } // ensure that each single Feature object has a unique ID
 
-               testNodes[nodeIndex] = testNodes[nodeIndex].move(connectionInfo.cross_loc); // don't flag issue if connecting the ways would cause self-intersection
 
-               if (geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, nodeID)) return;
-               results.push(connectionInfo);
-             });
-             return results;
-           }
+         function ensureFeatureID(feature) {
+           if (!feature) return;
+           feature.__featurehash__ = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
+           return feature;
+         } // Prefer an array of Features instead of a FeatureCollection
 
-           function findNearbyEndNodes(node, way) {
-             return [way.nodes[0], way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1]].map(function (d) {
-               return graph.entity(d);
-             }).filter(function (d) {
-               // Node cannot be near to itself, but other endnode of same way could be
-               return d.id !== node.id && geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, d.loc) <= CLOSE_NODE_TH;
-             });
-           }
 
-           function findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, tipNode, endNodes) {
-             // Both nodes could be close, so want to join whichever is closest to collinear
-             var joinTo;
-             var minAngle = Infinity; // Checks midNode -> tipNode -> endNode for collinearity
+         function getFeatures(gj) {
+           if (!gj) return [];
 
-             endNodes.forEach(function (endNode) {
-               var a1 = geoAngle(midNode, tipNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
-               var a2 = geoAngle(midNode, endNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
-               var diff = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);
+           if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
+             return gj.features;
+           } else {
+             return [gj];
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (diff < minAngle) {
-                 joinTo = endNode;
-                 minAngle = diff;
-               }
-             });
-             /* Threshold set by considering right angle triangle
-             based on node joining threshold and extension distance */
+         function featureKey(d) {
+           return d.__featurehash__;
+         }
 
-             if (minAngle <= SIG_ANGLE_TH) return joinTo;
-             return null;
-           }
+         function isPolygon(d) {
+           return d.geometry.type === 'Polygon' || d.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon';
+         }
 
-           function hasTag(tags, key) {
-             return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
-           }
+         function clipPathID(d) {
+           return 'ideditor-data-' + d.__featurehash__ + '-clippath';
+         }
 
-           function canConnectWays(way, way2) {
-             // allow self-connections
-             if (way.id === way2.id) return true; // if one is bridge or tunnel, both must be bridge or tunnel
+         function featureClasses(d) {
+           return ['data' + d.__featurehash__, d.geometry.type, isPolygon(d) ? 'area' : '', d.__layerID__ || ''].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
+         }
 
-             if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge')) && !(hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge'))) return false;
-             if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel')) && !(hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel'))) return false; // must have equivalent layers and levels
+         function drawData(selection) {
+           var vtService = getService();
+           var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
+           var getAreaPath = svgPath(projection, null, true).geojson;
+           var hasData = drawData.hasData();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapdata').data(_enabled && hasData ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapdata').merge(layer);
+           var surface = context.surface();
+           if (!surface || surface.empty()) return; // not ready to draw yet, starting up
+           // Gather data
 
-             var layer1 = way.tags.layer || '0',
-                 layer2 = way2.tags.layer || '0';
-             if (layer1 !== layer2) return false;
-             var level1 = way.tags.level || '0',
-                 level2 = way2.tags.level || '0';
-             if (level1 !== level2) return false;
-             return true;
+           var geoData, polygonData;
+
+           if (_template && vtService) {
+             // fetch data from vector tile service
+             var sourceID = _template;
+             vtService.loadTiles(sourceID, _template, projection);
+             geoData = vtService.data(sourceID, projection);
+           } else {
+             geoData = getFeatures(_geojson);
            }
 
-           function canConnectByExtend(way, endNodeIdx) {
-             var tipNid = way.nodes[endNodeIdx]; // the 'tip' node for extension point
+           geoData = geoData.filter(getPath);
+           polygonData = geoData.filter(isPolygon); // Draw clip paths for polygons
 
-             var midNid = endNodeIdx === 0 ? way.nodes[1] : way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 2]; // the other node of the edge
+           var clipPaths = surface.selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-data').data(polygonData, featureKey);
+           clipPaths.exit().remove();
+           var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter().append('clipPath').attr('class', 'clipPath-data').attr('id', clipPathID);
+           clipPathsEnter.append('path');
+           clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter).selectAll('path').attr('d', getAreaPath); // Draw fill, shadow, stroke layers
 
-             var tipNode = graph.entity(tipNid);
-             var midNode = graph.entity(midNid);
-             var lon = tipNode.loc[0];
-             var lat = tipNode.loc[1];
-             var lon_range = geoMetersToLon(EXTEND_TH_METERS, lat) / 2;
-             var lat_range = geoMetersToLat(EXTEND_TH_METERS) / 2;
-             var queryExtent = geoExtent([[lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range], [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]]); // first, extend the edge of [midNode -> tipNode] by EXTEND_TH_METERS and find the "extended tip" location
+           var datagroups = layer.selectAll('g.datagroup').data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);
+           datagroups = datagroups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'datagroup datagroup-' + d;
+           }).merge(datagroups); // Draw paths
 
-             var edgeLen = geoSphericalDistance(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc);
-             var t = EXTEND_TH_METERS / edgeLen + 1.0;
-             var extTipLoc = geoVecInterp(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc, t); // then, check if the extension part [tipNode.loc -> extTipLoc] intersects any other ways
+           var pathData = {
+             fill: polygonData,
+             shadow: geoData,
+             stroke: geoData
+           };
+           var paths = datagroups.selectAll('path').data(function (layer) {
+             return pathData[layer];
+           }, featureKey); // exit
 
-             var segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(queryExtent, graph);
+           paths.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < segmentInfos.length; i++) {
-               var segmentInfo = segmentInfos[i];
-               var way2 = graph.entity(segmentInfo.wayId);
-               if (!isHighway(way2)) continue;
-               if (!canConnectWays(way, way2)) continue;
-               var nAid = segmentInfo.nodes[0],
-                   nBid = segmentInfo.nodes[1];
-               if (nAid === tipNid || nBid === tipNid) continue;
-               var nA = graph.entity(nAid),
-                   nB = graph.entity(nBid);
-               var crossLoc = geoLineIntersection([tipNode.loc, extTipLoc], [nA.loc, nB.loc]);
+           paths = paths.enter().append('path').attr('class', function (d) {
+             var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
+             return 'pathdata ' + datagroup + ' ' + featureClasses(d);
+           }).attr('clip-path', function (d) {
+             var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
+             return datagroup === 'fill' ? 'url(#' + clipPathID(d) + ')' : null;
+           }).merge(paths).attr('d', function (d) {
+             var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
+             return datagroup === 'fill' ? getAreaPath(d) : getPath(d);
+           }); // Draw labels
 
-               if (crossLoc) {
-                 return {
-                   mid: midNode,
-                   node: tipNode,
-                   wid: way2.id,
-                   edge: [nA.id, nB.id],
-                   cross_loc: crossLoc
-                 };
-               }
-             }
+           layer.call(drawLabels, 'label-halo', geoData).call(drawLabels, 'label', geoData);
 
-             return null;
+           function drawLabels(selection, textClass, data) {
+             var labelPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
+             var labelData = data.filter(function (d) {
+               return _showLabels && d.properties && (d.properties.desc || d.properties.name);
+             });
+             var labels = selection.selectAll('text.' + textClass).data(labelData, featureKey); // exit
+
+             labels.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+             labels = labels.enter().append('text').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return textClass + ' ' + featureClasses(d);
+             }).merge(labels).text(function (d) {
+               return d.properties.desc || d.properties.name;
+             }).attr('x', function (d) {
+               var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
+               return centroid[0] + 11;
+             }).attr('y', function (d) {
+               var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
+               return centroid[1];
+             });
            }
-         };
+         }
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
+         function getExtension(fileName) {
+           if (!fileName) return;
+           var re = /\.(gpx|kml|(geo)?json)$/i;
+           var match = fileName.toLowerCase().match(re);
+           return match && match.length && match[0];
+         }
 
-       function validationCloseNodes(context) {
-         var type = 'close_nodes';
-         var pointThresholdMeters = 0.2;
+         function xmlToDom(textdata) {
+           return new DOMParser().parseFromString(textdata, 'text/xml');
+         }
 
-         var validation = function validation(entity, graph) {
-           if (entity.type === 'node') {
-             return getIssuesForNode(entity);
-           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-             return getIssuesForWay(entity);
-           }
+         drawData.setFile = function (extension, data) {
+           _template = null;
+           _fileList = null;
+           _geojson = null;
+           _src = null;
+           var gj;
 
-           return [];
+           switch (extension) {
+             case '.gpx':
+               gj = gpx(xmlToDom(data));
+               break;
 
-           function getIssuesForNode(node) {
-             var parentWays = graph.parentWays(node);
+             case '.kml':
+               gj = kml(xmlToDom(data));
+               break;
 
-             if (parentWays.length) {
-               return getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays);
-             } else {
-               return getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node);
-             }
+             case '.geojson':
+             case '.json':
+               gj = JSON.parse(data);
+               break;
            }
 
-           function wayTypeFor(way) {
-             if (way.tags.boundary && way.tags.boundary !== 'no') return 'boundary';
-             if (way.tags.indoor && way.tags.indoor !== 'no') return 'indoor';
-             if (way.tags.building && way.tags.building !== 'no' || way.tags['building:part'] && way.tags['building:part'] !== 'no') return 'building';
-             if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) return 'path';
-             var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(way);
+           gj = gj || {};
 
-             for (var i in parentRelations) {
-               var relation = parentRelations[i];
-               if (relation.tags.type === 'boundary') return 'boundary';
+           if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
+             _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
+             _src = extension + ' data file';
+             this.fitZoom();
+           }
 
-               if (relation.isMultipolygon()) {
-                 if (relation.tags.indoor && relation.tags.indoor !== 'no') return 'indoor';
-                 if (relation.tags.building && relation.tags.building !== 'no' || relation.tags['building:part'] && relation.tags['building:part'] !== 'no') return 'building';
-               }
-             }
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-             return 'other';
-           }
+         drawData.showLabels = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _showLabels;
+           _showLabels = val;
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           function shouldCheckWay(way) {
-             // don't flag issues where merging would create degenerate ways
-             if (way.nodes.length <= 2 || way.isClosed() && way.nodes.length <= 4) return false;
-             var bbox = way.extent(graph).bbox();
-             var hypotenuseMeters = geoSphericalDistance([bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY]); // don't flag close nodes in very small ways
+         drawData.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _enabled;
+           _enabled = val;
 
-             if (hypotenuseMeters < 1.5) return false;
-             return true;
+           if (_enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
            }
 
-           function getIssuesForWay(way) {
-             if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) return [];
-             var issues = [],
-                 nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-               var node1 = nodes[i];
-               var node2 = nodes[i + 1];
-               var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
-               if (issue) issues.push(issue);
-             }
+         drawData.hasData = function () {
+           var gj = _geojson || {};
+           return !!(_template || Object.keys(gj).length);
+         };
 
-             return issues;
-           }
+         drawData.template = function (val, src) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _template; // test source against OSM imagery blocklists..
 
-           function getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays) {
-             var issues = [];
+           var osm = context.connection();
 
-             function checkForCloseness(node1, node2, way) {
-               var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
-               if (issue) issues.push(issue);
-             }
+           if (osm) {
+             var blocklists = osm.imageryBlocklists();
+             var fail = false;
+             var tested = 0;
+             var regex;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
-               var parentWay = parentWays[i];
-               if (!shouldCheckWay(parentWay)) continue;
-               var lastIndex = parentWay.nodes.length - 1;
+             for (var i = 0; i < blocklists.length; i++) {
+               regex = blocklists[i];
+               fail = regex.test(val);
+               tested++;
+               if (fail) break;
+             } // ensure at least one test was run.
 
-               for (var j = 0; j < parentWay.nodes.length; j++) {
-                 if (j !== 0) {
-                   if (parentWay.nodes[j - 1] === node.id) {
-                     checkForCloseness(node, graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), parentWay);
-                   }
-                 }
 
-                 if (j !== lastIndex) {
-                   if (parentWay.nodes[j + 1] === node.id) {
-                     checkForCloseness(graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), node, parentWay);
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
+             if (!tested) {
+               regex = /.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/;
+               fail = regex.test(val);
              }
-
-             return issues;
            }
 
-           function thresholdMetersForWay(way) {
-             if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) return 0;
-             var wayType = wayTypeFor(way); // don't flag boundaries since they might be highly detailed and can't be easily verified
-
-             if (wayType === 'boundary') return 0; // expect some features to be mapped with higher levels of detail
+           _template = val;
+           _fileList = null;
+           _geojson = null; // strip off the querystring/hash from the template,
+           // it often includes the access token
 
-             if (wayType === 'indoor') return 0.01;
-             if (wayType === 'building') return 0.05;
-             if (wayType === 'path') return 0.1;
-             return 0.2;
-           }
+           _src = src || 'vectortile:' + val.split(/[?#]/)[0];
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           function getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node) {
-             var issues = [];
-             var lon = node.loc[0];
-             var lat = node.loc[1];
-             var lon_range = geoMetersToLon(pointThresholdMeters, lat) / 2;
-             var lat_range = geoMetersToLat(pointThresholdMeters) / 2;
-             var queryExtent = geoExtent([[lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range], [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]]);
-             var intersected = context.history().tree().intersects(queryExtent, graph);
+         drawData.geojson = function (gj, src) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _geojson;
+           _template = null;
+           _fileList = null;
+           _geojson = null;
+           _src = null;
+           gj = gj || {};
 
-             for (var j = 0; j < intersected.length; j++) {
-               var nearby = intersected[j];
-               if (nearby.id === node.id) continue;
-               if (nearby.type !== 'node' || nearby.geometry(graph) !== 'point') continue;
+           if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
+             _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
+             _src = src || 'unknown.geojson';
+           }
 
-               if (nearby.loc === node.loc || geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, nearby.loc) < pointThresholdMeters) {
-                 // allow very close points if tags indicate the z-axis might vary
-                 var zAxisKeys = {
-                   layer: true,
-                   level: true,
-                   'addr:housenumber': true,
-                   'addr:unit': true
-                 };
-                 var zAxisDifferentiates = false;
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-                 for (var key in zAxisKeys) {
-                   var nodeValue = node.tags[key] || '0';
-                   var nearbyValue = nearby.tags[key] || '0';
+         drawData.fileList = function (fileList) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _fileList;
+           _template = null;
+           _fileList = fileList;
+           _geojson = null;
+           _src = null;
+           if (!fileList || !fileList.length) return this;
+           var f = fileList[0];
+           var extension = getExtension(f.name);
+           var reader = new FileReader();
 
-                   if (nodeValue !== nearbyValue) {
-                     zAxisDifferentiates = true;
-                     break;
-                   }
-                 }
+           reader.onload = function () {
+             return function (e) {
+               drawData.setFile(extension, e.target.result);
+             };
+           }();
 
-                 if (zAxisDifferentiates) continue;
-                 issues.push(new validationIssue({
-                   type: type,
-                   subtype: 'detached',
-                   severity: 'warning',
-                   message: function message(context) {
-                     var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
-                         entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
-                     return entity && entity2 ? _t.html('issues.close_nodes.detached.message', {
-                       feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
-                       feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
-                     }) : '';
-                   },
-                   reference: showReference,
-                   entityIds: [node.id, nearby.id],
-                   dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-                     return [new validationIssueFix({
-                       icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
-                       title: _t.html('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
-                     }), new validationIssueFix({
-                       icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
-                       title: _t.html('issues.fix.use_different_layers_or_levels.title')
-                     })];
-                   }
-                 }));
-               }
-             }
+           reader.readAsText(f);
+           return this;
+         };
 
-             return issues;
+         drawData.url = function (url, defaultExtension) {
+           _template = null;
+           _fileList = null;
+           _geojson = null;
+           _src = null; // strip off any querystring/hash from the url before checking extension
 
-             function showReference(selection) {
-               var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.detached.reference');
-               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(referenceText);
-             }
+           var testUrl = url.split(/[?#]/)[0];
+           var extension = getExtension(testUrl) || defaultExtension;
+
+           if (extension) {
+             _template = null;
+             d3_text(url).then(function (data) {
+               drawData.setFile(extension, data);
+             })["catch"](function () {
+               /* ignore */
+             });
+           } else {
+             drawData.template(url);
            }
 
-           function getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way) {
-             if (node1.id === node2.id || node1.hasInterestingTags() && node2.hasInterestingTags()) {
-               return null;
-             }
+           return this;
+         };
 
-             if (node1.loc !== node2.loc) {
-               var parentWays1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
-               var parentWays2 = new Set(graph.parentWays(node2));
-               var sharedWays = parentWays1.filter(function (parentWay) {
-                 return parentWays2.has(parentWay);
-               });
-               var thresholds = sharedWays.map(function (parentWay) {
-                 return thresholdMetersForWay(parentWay);
-               });
-               var threshold = Math.min.apply(Math, _toConsumableArray(thresholds));
-               var distance = geoSphericalDistance(node1.loc, node2.loc);
-               if (distance > threshold) return null;
-             }
+         drawData.getSrc = function () {
+           return _src || '';
+         };
 
-             return new validationIssue({
-               type: type,
-               subtype: 'vertices',
-               severity: 'warning',
-               message: function message(context) {
-                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.close_nodes.message', {
-                   way: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                 }) : '';
-               },
-               reference: showReference,
-               entityIds: [way.id, node1.id, node2.id],
-               loc: node1.loc,
-               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-                 return [new validationIssueFix({
-                   icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
-                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.merge_points.title'),
-                   onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                     var entityIds = this.issue.entityIds;
-                     var action = actionMergeNodes([entityIds[1], entityIds[2]]);
-                     context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.merge_close_vertices.annotation'));
-                   }
-                 }), new validationIssueFix({
-                   icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
-                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
-                 })];
-               }
-             });
+         drawData.fitZoom = function () {
+           var features = getFeatures(_geojson);
+           if (!features.length) return;
+           var map = context.map();
+           var viewport = map.trimmedExtent().polygon();
+           var coords = features.reduce(function (coords, feature) {
+             var geom = feature.geometry;
+             if (!geom) return coords;
+             var c = geom.coordinates;
+             /* eslint-disable no-fallthrough */
 
-             function showReference(selection) {
-               var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.reference');
-               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(referenceText);
+             switch (geom.type) {
+               case 'Point':
+                 c = [c];
+
+               case 'MultiPoint':
+               case 'LineString':
+                 break;
+
+               case 'MultiPolygon':
+                 c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
+
+               case 'Polygon':
+               case 'MultiLineString':
+                 c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
+                 break;
              }
+             /* eslint-enable no-fallthrough */
+
+
+             return utilArrayUnion(coords, c);
+           }, []);
+
+           if (!geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, coords, true)) {
+             var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds({
+               type: 'LineString',
+               coordinates: coords
+             }));
+             map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
            }
+
+           return this;
          };
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
+         init();
+         return drawData;
        }
 
-       function validationCrossingWays(context) {
-         var type = 'crossing_ways'; // returns the way or its parent relation, whichever has a useful feature type
+       function svgDebug(projection, context) {
+         function drawDebug(selection) {
+           var showTile = context.getDebug('tile');
+           var showCollision = context.getDebug('collision');
+           var showImagery = context.getDebug('imagery');
+           var showTouchTargets = context.getDebug('target');
+           var showDownloaded = context.getDebug('downloaded');
+           var debugData = [];
 
-         function getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way, graph) {
-           if (getFeatureType(way, graph) === null) {
-             // if the way doesn't match a feature type, check its parent relations
-             var parentRels = graph.parentRelations(way);
+           if (showTile) {
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'red',
+               label: 'tile'
+             });
+           }
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < parentRels.length; i++) {
-               var rel = parentRels[i];
+           if (showCollision) {
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'yellow',
+               label: 'collision'
+             });
+           }
 
-               if (getFeatureType(rel, graph) !== null) {
-                 return rel;
-               }
-             }
+           if (showImagery) {
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'orange',
+               label: 'imagery'
+             });
            }
 
-           return way;
-         }
+           if (showTouchTargets) {
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'pink',
+               label: 'touchTargets'
+             });
+           }
 
-         function hasTag(tags, key) {
-           return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
-         }
+           if (showDownloaded) {
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'purple',
+               label: 'downloaded'
+             });
+           }
 
-         function taggedAsIndoor(tags) {
-           return hasTag(tags, 'indoor') || hasTag(tags, 'level') || tags.highway === 'corridor';
-         }
+           var legend = context.container().select('.main-content').selectAll('.debug-legend').data(debugData.length ? [0] : []);
+           legend.exit().remove();
+           legend = legend.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'fillD debug-legend').merge(legend);
+           var legendItems = legend.selectAll('.debug-legend-item').data(debugData, function (d) {
+             return d.label;
+           });
+           legendItems.exit().remove();
+           legendItems.enter().append('span').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "debug-legend-item ".concat(d["class"]);
+           }).text(function (d) {
+             return d.label;
+           });
+           var layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-debug').data(showImagery || showDownloaded ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-debug').merge(layer); // imagery
 
-         function allowsBridge(featureType) {
-           return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
-         }
+           var extent = context.map().extent();
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery').then(function (d) {
+             var hits = showImagery && d.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true) || [];
+             var features = hits.map(function (d) {
+               return d.features[d.id];
+             });
+             var imagery = layer.selectAll('path.debug-imagery').data(features);
+             imagery.exit().remove();
+             imagery.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'debug-imagery debug orange');
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           }); // downloaded
 
-         function allowsTunnel(featureType) {
-           return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
-         } // discard
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var dataDownloaded = [];
 
+           if (osm && showDownloaded) {
+             var rtree = osm.caches('get').tile.rtree;
+             dataDownloaded = rtree.all().map(function (bbox) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 properties: {
+                   id: bbox.id
+                 },
+                 geometry: {
+                   type: 'Polygon',
+                   coordinates: [[[bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.minX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.minY], [bbox.minX, bbox.minY]]]
+                 }
+               };
+             });
+           }
 
-         var ignoredBuildings = {
-           demolished: true,
-           dismantled: true,
-           proposed: true,
-           razed: true
-         };
+           var downloaded = layer.selectAll('path.debug-downloaded').data(showDownloaded ? dataDownloaded : []);
+           downloaded.exit().remove();
+           downloaded.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'debug-downloaded debug purple'); // update
 
-         function getFeatureType(entity, graph) {
-           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-           if (geometry !== 'line' && geometry !== 'area') return null;
-           var tags = entity.tags;
-           if (hasTag(tags, 'building') && !ignoredBuildings[tags.building]) return 'building';
-           if (hasTag(tags, 'highway') && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[tags.highway]) return 'highway'; // don't check railway or waterway areas
+           layer.selectAll('path').attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+         } // This looks strange because `enabled` methods on other layers are
+         // chainable getter/setters, and this one is just a getter.
 
-           if (geometry !== 'line') return null;
-           if (hasTag(tags, 'railway') && osmRailwayTrackTagValues[tags.railway]) return 'railway';
-           if (hasTag(tags, 'waterway') && osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[tags.waterway]) return 'waterway';
-           return null;
-         }
 
-         function isLegitCrossing(tags1, featureType1, tags2, featureType2) {
-           // assume 0 by default
-           var level1 = tags1.level || '0';
-           var level2 = tags2.level || '0';
+         drawDebug.enabled = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return context.getDebug('tile') || context.getDebug('collision') || context.getDebug('imagery') || context.getDebug('target') || context.getDebug('downloaded');
+           } else {
+             return this;
+           }
+         };
 
-           if (taggedAsIndoor(tags1) && taggedAsIndoor(tags2) && level1 !== level2) {
-             // assume features don't interact if they're indoor on different levels
-             return true;
-           } // assume 0 by default; don't use way.layer() since we account for structures here
+         return drawDebug;
+       }
 
+       /*
+           A standalone SVG element that contains only a `defs` sub-element. To be
+           used once globally, since defs IDs must be unique within a document.
+       */
 
-           var layer1 = tags1.layer || '0';
-           var layer2 = tags2.layer || '0';
+       function svgDefs(context) {
+         var _defsSelection = select(null);
 
-           if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && allowsBridge(featureType2)) {
-             if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && !hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true;
-             if (!hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true; // crossing bridges must use different layers
+         var _spritesheetIds = ['iD-sprite', 'maki-sprite', 'temaki-sprite', 'fa-sprite', 'community-sprite'];
 
-             if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge') && layer1 !== layer2) return true;
-           } else if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'bridge')) return true;else if (allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true;
+         function drawDefs(selection) {
+           _defsSelection = selection.append('defs'); // add markers
 
-           if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && allowsTunnel(featureType2)) {
-             if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && !hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true;
-             if (!hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true; // crossing tunnels must use different layers
+           _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-oneway-marker').attr('viewBox', '0 0 10 5').attr('refX', 2.5).attr('refY', 2.5).attr('markerWidth', 2).attr('markerHeight', 2).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'oneway-marker-path').attr('d', 'M 5,3 L 0,3 L 0,2 L 5,2 L 5,0 L 10,2.5 L 5,5 z').attr('stroke', 'none').attr('fill', '#000').attr('opacity', '0.75'); // SVG markers have to be given a colour where they're defined
+           // (they can't inherit it from the line they're attached to),
+           // so we need to manually define markers for each color of tag
+           // (also, it's slightly nicer if we can control the
+           // positioning for different tags)
 
-             if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel') && layer1 !== layer2) return true;
-           } else if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel')) return true;else if (allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true; // don't flag crossing waterways and pier/highways
 
+           function addSidedMarker(name, color, offset) {
+             _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-sided-marker-' + name).attr('viewBox', '0 0 2 2').attr('refX', 1).attr('refY', -offset).attr('markerWidth', 1.5).attr('markerHeight', 1.5).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'sided-marker-path sided-marker-' + name + '-path').attr('d', 'M 0,0 L 1,1 L 2,0 z').attr('stroke', 'none').attr('fill', color);
+           }
 
-           if (featureType1 === 'waterway' && featureType2 === 'highway' && tags2.man_made === 'pier') return true;
-           if (featureType2 === 'waterway' && featureType1 === 'highway' && tags1.man_made === 'pier') return true;
+           addSidedMarker('natural', 'rgb(170, 170, 170)', 0); // for a coastline, the arrows are (somewhat unintuitively) on
+           // the water side, so let's color them blue (with a gap) to
+           // give a stronger indication
 
-           if (featureType1 === 'building' || featureType2 === 'building') {
-             // for building crossings, different layers are enough
-             if (layer1 !== layer2) return true;
-           }
+           addSidedMarker('coastline', '#77dede', 1);
+           addSidedMarker('waterway', '#77dede', 1); // barriers have a dashed line, and separating the triangle
+           // from the line visually suits that
 
-           return false;
-         } // highway values for which we shouldn't recommend connecting to waterways
+           addSidedMarker('barrier', '#ddd', 1);
+           addSidedMarker('man_made', '#fff', 0);
 
+           _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker').attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16').attr('refX', 8).attr('refY', 16).attr('markerWidth', 4).attr('markerHeight', 4).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path').attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z').attr('fill', '#333').attr('fill-opacity', '0.75').attr('stroke', '#fff').attr('stroke-width', '0.5px').attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75');
 
-         var highwaysDisallowingFords = {
-           motorway: true,
-           motorway_link: true,
-           trunk: true,
-           trunk_link: true,
-           primary: true,
-           primary_link: true,
-           secondary: true,
-           secondary_link: true
-         };
-         var nonCrossingHighways = {
-           track: true
-         };
+           _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker-wireframe').attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16').attr('refX', 8).attr('refY', 16).attr('markerWidth', 4).attr('markerHeight', 4).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path').attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z').attr('fill', 'none').attr('stroke', '#fff').attr('stroke-width', '0.5px').attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75'); // add patterns
 
-         function tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entity1, entity2, graph) {
-           var featureType1 = getFeatureType(entity1, graph);
-           var featureType2 = getFeatureType(entity2, graph);
-           var geometry1 = entity1.geometry(graph);
-           var geometry2 = entity2.geometry(graph);
-           var bothLines = geometry1 === 'line' && geometry2 === 'line';
 
-           if (featureType1 === featureType2) {
-             if (featureType1 === 'highway') {
-               var entity1IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway];
-               var entity2IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway];
+           var patterns = _defsSelection.selectAll('pattern').data([// pattern name, pattern image name
+           ['beach', 'dots'], ['construction', 'construction'], ['cemetery', 'cemetery'], ['cemetery_christian', 'cemetery_christian'], ['cemetery_buddhist', 'cemetery_buddhist'], ['cemetery_muslim', 'cemetery_muslim'], ['cemetery_jewish', 'cemetery_jewish'], ['farmland', 'farmland'], ['farmyard', 'farmyard'], ['forest', 'forest'], ['forest_broadleaved', 'forest_broadleaved'], ['forest_needleleaved', 'forest_needleleaved'], ['forest_leafless', 'forest_leafless'], ['golf_green', 'grass'], ['grass', 'grass'], ['landfill', 'landfill'], ['meadow', 'grass'], ['orchard', 'orchard'], ['pond', 'pond'], ['quarry', 'quarry'], ['scrub', 'bushes'], ['vineyard', 'vineyard'], ['water_standing', 'lines'], ['waves', 'waves'], ['wetland', 'wetland'], ['wetland_marsh', 'wetland_marsh'], ['wetland_swamp', 'wetland_swamp'], ['wetland_bog', 'wetland_bog'], ['wetland_reedbed', 'wetland_reedbed']]).enter().append('pattern').attr('id', function (d) {
+             return 'ideditor-pattern-' + d[0];
+           }).attr('width', 32).attr('height', 32).attr('patternUnits', 'userSpaceOnUse');
 
-               if ((entity1IsPath || entity2IsPath) && entity1IsPath !== entity2IsPath) {
-                 // one feature is a path but not both
-                 var roadFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity2 : entity1;
+           patterns.append('rect').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('width', 32).attr('height', 32).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'pattern-color-' + d[0];
+           });
+           patterns.append('image').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('width', 32).attr('height', 32).attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             return context.imagePath('pattern/' + d[1] + '.png');
+           }); // add clip paths
 
-                 if (nonCrossingHighways[roadFeature.tags.highway]) {
-                   // don't mark path connections with certain roads as crossings
-                   return {};
-                 }
+           _defsSelection.selectAll('clipPath').data([12, 18, 20, 32, 45]).enter().append('clipPath').attr('id', function (d) {
+             return 'ideditor-clip-square-' + d;
+           }).append('rect').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('width', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).attr('height', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }); // add symbol spritesheets
 
-                 var pathFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity1 : entity2;
 
-                 if (['marked', 'unmarked'].indexOf(pathFeature.tags.crossing) !== -1) {
-                   // if the path is a crossing, match the crossing type
-                   return bothLines ? {
-                     highway: 'crossing',
-                     crossing: pathFeature.tags.crossing
-                   } : {};
-                 } // don't add a `crossing` subtag to ambiguous crossings
+           addSprites(_spritesheetIds, true);
+         }
 
+         function addSprites(ids, overrideColors) {
+           _spritesheetIds = utilArrayUniq(_spritesheetIds.concat(ids));
 
-                 return bothLines ? {
-                   highway: 'crossing'
-                 } : {};
+           var spritesheets = _defsSelection.selectAll('.spritesheet').data(_spritesheetIds);
+
+           spritesheets.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'spritesheet spritesheet-' + d;
+           }).each(function (d) {
+             var url = context.imagePath(d + '.svg');
+             var node = select(this).node();
+             svg(url).then(function (svg) {
+               node.appendChild(select(svg.documentElement).attr('id', 'ideditor-' + d).node());
+
+               if (overrideColors && d !== 'iD-sprite') {
+                 // allow icon colors to be overridden..
+                 select(node).selectAll('path').attr('fill', 'currentColor');
                }
+             })["catch"](function () {
+               /* ignore */
+             });
+           });
+           spritesheets.exit().remove();
+         }
 
-               return {};
-             }
+         drawDefs.addSprites = addSprites;
+         return drawDefs;
+       }
 
-             if (featureType1 === 'waterway') return {};
-             if (featureType1 === 'railway') return {};
-           } else {
-             var featureTypes = [featureType1, featureType2];
+       var _layerEnabled$2 = false;
 
-             if (featureTypes.indexOf('highway') !== -1) {
-               if (featureTypes.indexOf('railway') !== -1) {
-                 if (!bothLines) return {};
-                 var isTram = entity1.tags.railway === 'tram' || entity2.tags.railway === 'tram';
+       var _qaService$2;
 
-                 if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway] || osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway]) {
-                   // path-tram connections use this tag
-                   if (isTram) return {
-                     railway: 'tram_crossing'
-                   }; // other path-rail connections use this tag
+       function svgKeepRight(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           return dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-                   return {
-                     railway: 'crossing'
-                   };
-                 } else {
-                   // path-tram connections use this tag
-                   if (isTram) return {
-                     railway: 'tram_level_crossing'
-                   }; // other road-rail connections use this tag
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var touchLayer = select(null);
+         var drawLayer = select(null);
+         var layerVisible = false;
 
-                   return {
-                     railway: 'level_crossing'
-                   };
-                 }
-               }
+         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-4, -24)').attr('d', 'M11.6,6.2H7.1l1.4-5.1C8.6,0.6,8.1,0,7.5,0H2.2C1.7,0,1.3,0.3,1.3,0.8L0,10.2c-0.1,0.6,0.4,1.1,0.9,1.1h4.6l-1.8,7.6C3.6,19.4,4.1,20,4.7,20c0.3,0,0.6-0.2,0.8-0.5l6.9-11.9C12.7,7,12.3,6.2,11.6,6.2z');
+         } // Loosely-coupled keepRight service for fetching issues.
 
-               if (featureTypes.indexOf('waterway') !== -1) {
-                 // do not allow fords on structures
-                 if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'tunnel')) return null;
-                 if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'bridge')) return null;
 
-                 if (highwaysDisallowingFords[entity1.tags.highway] || highwaysDisallowingFords[entity2.tags.highway]) {
-                   // do not allow fords on major highways
-                   return null;
-                 }
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.keepRight && !_qaService$2) {
+             _qaService$2 = services.keepRight;
 
-                 return bothLines ? {
-                   ford: 'yes'
-                 } : {};
-               }
-             }
+             _qaService$2.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.keepRight && _qaService$2) {
+             _qaService$2 = null;
            }
 
-           return null;
-         }
+           return _qaService$2;
+         } // Show the markers
 
-         function findCrossingsByWay(way1, graph, tree) {
-           var edgeCrossInfos = [];
-           if (way1.type !== 'way') return edgeCrossInfos;
-           var taggedFeature1 = getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way1, graph);
-           var way1FeatureType = getFeatureType(taggedFeature1, graph);
-           if (way1FeatureType === null) return edgeCrossInfos;
-           var checkedSingleCrossingWays = {}; // declare vars ahead of time to reduce garbage collection
 
-           var i, j;
-           var extent;
-           var n1, n2, nA, nB, nAId, nBId;
-           var segment1, segment2;
-           var oneOnly;
-           var segmentInfos, segment2Info, way2, taggedFeature2, way2FeatureType;
-           var way1Nodes = graph.childNodes(way1);
-           var comparedWays = {};
+         function editOn() {
+           if (!layerVisible) {
+             layerVisible = true;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
+           }
+         } // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
 
-           for (i = 0; i < way1Nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-             n1 = way1Nodes[i];
-             n2 = way1Nodes[i + 1];
-             extent = geoExtent([[Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])], [Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])]]); // Optimize by only checking overlapping segments, not every segment
-             // of overlapping ways
 
-             segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(extent, graph);
+         function editOff() {
+           if (layerVisible) {
+             layerVisible = false;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').remove();
+           }
+         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
 
-             for (j = 0; j < segmentInfos.length; j++) {
-               segment2Info = segmentInfos[j]; // don't check for self-intersection in this validation
 
-               if (segment2Info.wayId === way1.id) continue; // skip if this way was already checked and only one issue is needed
+         function layerOn() {
+           editOn();
+           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             return dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
+
+
+         function layerOff() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           drawLayer.interrupt();
+           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').remove();
+           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             editOff();
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Update the issue markers
 
-               if (checkedSingleCrossingWays[segment2Info.wayId]) continue; // mark this way as checked even if there are no crossings
 
-               comparedWays[segment2Info.wayId] = true;
-               way2 = graph.hasEntity(segment2Info.wayId);
-               if (!way2) continue;
-               taggedFeature2 = getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way2, graph); // only check crossing highway, waterway, building, and railway
+         function updateMarkers() {
+           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled$2) return;
+           var service = getService();
+           var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
+           var data = service ? service.getItems(projection) : [];
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
 
-               way2FeatureType = getFeatureType(taggedFeature2, graph);
+           var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               if (way2FeatureType === null || isLegitCrossing(taggedFeature1.tags, way1FeatureType, taggedFeature2.tags, way2FeatureType)) {
-                 continue;
-               } // create only one issue for building crossings
+           markers.exit().remove(); // enter
 
+           var markersEnter = markers.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.parentIssueType);
+           });
+           markersEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0.5).attr('cy', 1).attr('rx', 6.5).attr('ry', 3).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           markersEnter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           markersEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'qaItem-fill').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-bolt'); // update
 
-               oneOnly = way1FeatureType === 'building' || way2FeatureType === 'building';
-               nAId = segment2Info.nodes[0];
-               nBId = segment2Info.nodes[1];
+           markers.merge(markersEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
+             return d.id === selectedID;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
 
-               if (nAId === n1.id || nAId === n2.id || nBId === n1.id || nBId === n2.id) {
-                 // n1 or n2 is a connection node; skip
-                 continue;
-               }
+           if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               nA = graph.hasEntity(nAId);
-               if (!nA) continue;
-               nB = graph.hasEntity(nBId);
-               if (!nB) continue;
-               segment1 = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
-               segment2 = [nA.loc, nB.loc];
-               var point = geoLineIntersection(segment1, segment2);
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-               if (point) {
-                 edgeCrossInfos.push({
-                   wayInfos: [{
-                     way: way1,
-                     featureType: way1FeatureType,
-                     edge: [n1.id, n2.id]
-                   }, {
-                     way: way2,
-                     featureType: way2FeatureType,
-                     edge: [nA.id, nB.id]
-                   }],
-                   crossPoint: point
-                 });
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " target ").concat(fillClass, " itemId-").concat(d.id);
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
 
-                 if (oneOnly) {
-                   checkedSingleCrossingWays[way2.id] = true;
-                   break;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+           function sortY(a, b) {
+             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : a.severity === 'error' && b.severity !== 'error' ? 1 : b.severity === 'error' && a.severity !== 'error' ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
+         } // Draw the keepRight layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
 
-           return edgeCrossInfos;
-         }
 
-         function waysToCheck(entity, graph) {
-           var featureType = getFeatureType(entity, graph);
-           if (!featureType) return [];
+         function drawKeepRight(selection) {
+           var service = getService();
+           var surface = context.surface();
 
-           if (entity.type === 'way') {
-             return [entity];
-           } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
-             return entity.members.reduce(function (array, member) {
-               if (member.type === 'way' && ( // only look at geometry ways
-               !member.role || member.role === 'outer' || member.role === 'inner')) {
-                 var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id); // don't add duplicates
+           if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
+             touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
+           }
 
-                 if (entity && array.indexOf(entity) === -1) {
-                   array.push(entity);
-                 }
-               }
+           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-keepRight').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           drawLayer.exit().remove();
+           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-keepRight').style('display', _layerEnabled$2 ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
 
-               return array;
-             }, []);
+           if (_layerEnabled$2) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               service.loadIssues(projection);
+               updateMarkers();
+             } else {
+               editOff();
+             }
            }
+         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
-           return [];
-         }
-
-         var validation = function checkCrossingWays(entity, graph) {
-           var tree = context.history().tree();
-           var ways = waysToCheck(entity, graph);
-           var issues = []; // declare these here to reduce garbage collection
 
-           var wayIndex, crossingIndex, crossings;
+         drawKeepRight.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled$2;
+           _layerEnabled$2 = val;
 
-           for (wayIndex in ways) {
-             crossings = findCrossingsByWay(ways[wayIndex], graph, tree);
+           if (_layerEnabled$2) {
+             layerOn();
+           } else {
+             layerOff();
 
-             for (crossingIndex in crossings) {
-               issues.push(createIssue(crossings[crossingIndex], graph));
+             if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
            }
 
-           return issues;
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
          };
 
-         function createIssue(crossing, graph) {
-           // use the entities with the tags that define the feature type
-           crossing.wayInfos.sort(function (way1Info, way2Info) {
-             var type1 = way1Info.featureType;
-             var type2 = way2Info.featureType;
-
-             if (type1 === type2) {
-               return utilDisplayLabel(way1Info.way, graph) > utilDisplayLabel(way2Info.way, graph);
-             } else if (type1 === 'waterway') {
-               return true;
-             } else if (type2 === 'waterway') {
-               return false;
-             }
-
-             return type1 < type2;
-           });
-           var entities = crossing.wayInfos.map(function (wayInfo) {
-             return getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(wayInfo.way, graph);
-           });
-           var edges = [crossing.wayInfos[0].edge, crossing.wayInfos[1].edge];
-           var featureTypes = [crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType, crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType];
-           var connectionTags = tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entities[0], entities[1], graph);
-           var featureType1 = crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType;
-           var featureType2 = crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType;
-           var isCrossingIndoors = taggedAsIndoor(entities[0].tags) && taggedAsIndoor(entities[1].tags);
-           var isCrossingTunnels = allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'tunnel') && allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'tunnel');
-           var isCrossingBridges = allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'bridge') && allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'bridge');
-           var subtype = [featureType1, featureType2].sort().join('-');
-           var crossingTypeID = subtype;
-
-           if (isCrossingIndoors) {
-             crossingTypeID = 'indoor-indoor';
-           } else if (isCrossingTunnels) {
-             crossingTypeID = 'tunnel-tunnel';
-           } else if (isCrossingBridges) {
-             crossingTypeID = 'bridge-bridge';
-           }
-
-           if (connectionTags && (isCrossingIndoors || isCrossingTunnels || isCrossingBridges)) {
-             crossingTypeID += '_connectable';
-           }
+         drawKeepRight.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-           return new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: subtype,
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: function message(context) {
-               var graph = context.graph();
-               var entity1 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
-                   entity2 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
-               return entity1 && entity2 ? _t.html('issues.crossing_ways.message', {
-                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, graph),
-                 feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, graph)
-               }) : '';
-             },
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: entities.map(function (entity) {
-               return entity.id;
-             }),
-             data: {
-               edges: edges,
-               featureTypes: featureTypes,
-               connectionTags: connectionTags
-             },
-             // differentiate based on the loc since two ways can cross multiple times
-             hash: crossing.crossPoint.toString() + // if the edges change then so does the fix
-             edges.slice().sort(function (edge1, edge2) {
-               // order to assure hash is deterministic
-               return edge1[0] < edge2[0] ? -1 : 1;
-             }).toString() + // ensure the correct connection tags are added in the fix
-             JSON.stringify(connectionTags),
-             loc: crossing.crossPoint,
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select' || mode.selectedIDs().length !== 1) return [];
-               var selectedIndex = this.entityIds[0] === mode.selectedIDs()[0] ? 0 : 1;
-               var selectedFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex];
-               var otherFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex === 0 ? 1 : 0];
-               var fixes = [];
+         return drawKeepRight;
+       }
 
-               if (connectionTags) {
-                 fixes.push(makeConnectWaysFix(this.data.connectionTags));
-               }
+       function svgGeolocate(projection) {
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-               if (isCrossingIndoors) {
-                 fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                   icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
-                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.use_different_levels.title')
-                 }));
-               } else if (isCrossingTunnels || isCrossingBridges || featureType1 === 'building' || featureType2 === 'building') {
-                 fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('higher'));
-                 fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('lower')); // can only add bridge/tunnel if both features are lines
-               } else if (context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[0]) === 'line' && context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[1]) === 'line') {
-                 // don't recommend adding bridges to waterways since they're uncommon
-                 if (allowsBridge(selectedFeatureType) && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway') {
-                   fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_bridge', 'temaki-bridge', 'bridge'));
-                 } // don't recommend adding tunnels under waterways since they're uncommon
+         var _position;
 
+         function init() {
+           if (svgGeolocate.initialized) return; // run once
 
-                 var skipTunnelFix = otherFeatureType === 'waterway' && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway';
+           svgGeolocate.enabled = false;
+           svgGeolocate.initialized = true;
+         }
 
-                 if (allowsTunnel(selectedFeatureType) && !skipTunnelFix) {
-                   fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_tunnel', 'temaki-tunnel', 'tunnel'));
-                 }
-               } // repositioning the features is always an option
+         function showLayer() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
+         function hideLayer() {
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0);
+         }
 
-               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-operation-move',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.reposition_features.title')
-               }));
-               return fixes;
-             }
-           });
+         function layerOn() {
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1);
+         }
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.crossing_ways.' + crossingTypeID + '.reference'));
-           }
+         function layerOff() {
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
          }
 
-         function makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix(fixTitleID, iconName, bridgeOrTunnel) {
-           return new validationIssueFix({
-             icon: iconName,
-             title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
-             onClick: function onClick(context) {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') return;
-               var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
-               if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) return;
-               var selectedWayID = selectedIDs[0];
-               if (!context.hasEntity(selectedWayID)) return;
-               var resultWayIDs = [selectedWayID];
-               var edge, crossedEdge, crossedWayID;
+         function transform(d) {
+           return svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
+         }
 
-               if (this.issue.entityIds[0] === selectedWayID) {
-                 edge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
-                 crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
-                 crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
-               } else {
-                 edge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
-                 crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
-                 crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-               }
+         function accuracy(accuracy, loc) {
+           // converts accuracy to pixels...
+           var degreesRadius = geoMetersToLat(accuracy),
+               tangentLoc = [loc[0], loc[1] + degreesRadius],
+               projectedTangent = projection(tangentLoc),
+               projectedLoc = projection([loc[0], loc[1]]); // southern most point will have higher pixel value...
 
-               var crossingLoc = this.issue.loc;
-               var projection = context.projection;
+           return Math.round(projectedLoc[1] - projectedTangent[1]).toString();
+         }
 
-               var action = function actionAddStructure(graph) {
-                 var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];
-                 var crossedWay = graph.hasEntity(crossedWayID); // use the explicit width of the crossed feature as the structure length, if available
+         function update() {
+           var geolocation = {
+             loc: [_position.coords.longitude, _position.coords.latitude]
+           };
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.geolocations').selectAll('.geolocation').data([geolocation]);
+           groups.exit().remove();
+           var pointsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'geolocation');
+           pointsEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'geolocate-radius').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)').attr('fill-opacity', '0.3').attr('r', '0');
+           pointsEnter.append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)').attr('stroke', 'white').attr('stroke-width', '1.5').attr('r', '6');
+           groups.merge(pointsEnter).attr('transform', transform);
+           layer.select('.geolocate-radius').attr('r', accuracy(_position.coords.accuracy, geolocation.loc));
+         }
 
-                 var structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.tags.width && parseFloat(crossedWay.tags.width);
+         function drawLocation(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgGeolocate.enabled;
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-geolocate').data([0]);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-geolocate').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'geolocations');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-                 if (!structLengthMeters) {
-                   // if no explicit width is set, approximate the width based on the tags
-                   structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.impliedLineWidthMeters();
-                 }
+           if (enabled) {
+             update();
+           } else {
+             layerOff();
+           }
+         }
 
-                 if (structLengthMeters) {
-                   if (getFeatureType(crossedWay, graph) === 'railway') {
-                     // bridges over railways are generally much longer than the rail bed itself, compensate
-                     structLengthMeters *= 2;
-                   }
-                 } else {
-                   // should ideally never land here since all rail/water/road tags should have an implied width
-                   structLengthMeters = 8;
-                 }
+         drawLocation.enabled = function (position, enabled) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgGeolocate.enabled;
+           _position = position;
+           svgGeolocate.enabled = enabled;
 
-                 var a1 = geoAngle(edgeNodes[0], edgeNodes[1], projection) + Math.PI;
-                 var a2 = geoAngle(graph.entity(crossedEdge[0]), graph.entity(crossedEdge[1]), projection) + Math.PI;
-                 var crossingAngle = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);
-                 if (crossingAngle > Math.PI) crossingAngle -= Math.PI; // lengthen the structure to account for the angle of the crossing
+           if (svgGeolocate.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             layerOn();
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+           }
 
-                 structLengthMeters = structLengthMeters / 2 / Math.sin(crossingAngle) * 2; // add padding since the structure must extend past the edges of the crossed feature
+           return this;
+         };
 
-                 structLengthMeters += 4; // clamp the length to a reasonable range
+         init();
+         return drawLocation;
+       }
 
-                 structLengthMeters = Math.min(Math.max(structLengthMeters, 4), 50);
+       function svgLabels(projection, context) {
+         var path = d3_geoPath(projection);
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var baselineHack = detected.ie || detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge' || detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'firefox' && detected.version >= 70;
 
-                 function geomToProj(geoPoint) {
-                   return [geoLonToMeters(geoPoint[0], geoPoint[1]), geoLatToMeters(geoPoint[1])];
-                 }
+         var _rdrawn = new RBush();
 
-                 function projToGeom(projPoint) {
-                   var lat = geoMetersToLat(projPoint[1]);
-                   return [geoMetersToLon(projPoint[0], lat), lat];
-                 }
+         var _rskipped = new RBush();
 
-                 var projEdgeNode1 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[0].loc);
-                 var projEdgeNode2 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[1].loc);
-                 var projectedAngle = geoVecAngle(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2);
-                 var projectedCrossingLoc = geomToProj(crossingLoc);
-                 var linearToSphericalMetersRatio = geoVecLength(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2) / geoSphericalDistance(edgeNodes[0].loc, edgeNodes[1].loc);
+         var _textWidthCache = {};
+         var _entitybboxes = {}; // Listed from highest to lowest priority
 
-                 function locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(angle, distanceMeters) {
-                   var lengthSphericalMeters = distanceMeters * linearToSphericalMetersRatio;
-                   return projToGeom([projectedCrossingLoc[0] + Math.cos(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters, projectedCrossingLoc[1] + Math.sin(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters]);
-                 }
+         var labelStack = [['line', 'aeroway', '*', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'motorway', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'trunk', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'primary', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'secondary', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'tertiary', 12], ['line', 'highway', '*', 12], ['line', 'railway', '*', 12], ['line', 'waterway', '*', 12], ['area', 'aeroway', '*', 12], ['area', 'amenity', '*', 12], ['area', 'building', '*', 12], ['area', 'historic', '*', 12], ['area', 'leisure', '*', 12], ['area', 'man_made', '*', 12], ['area', 'natural', '*', 12], ['area', 'shop', '*', 12], ['area', 'tourism', '*', 12], ['area', 'camp_site', '*', 12], ['point', 'aeroway', '*', 10], ['point', 'amenity', '*', 10], ['point', 'building', '*', 10], ['point', 'historic', '*', 10], ['point', 'leisure', '*', 10], ['point', 'man_made', '*', 10], ['point', 'natural', '*', 10], ['point', 'shop', '*', 10], ['point', 'tourism', '*', 10], ['point', 'camp_site', '*', 10], ['line', 'name', '*', 12], ['area', 'name', '*', 12], ['point', 'name', '*', 10]];
 
-                 var endpointLocGetter1 = function endpointLocGetter1(lengthMeters) {
-                   return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle, lengthMeters);
-                 };
+         function shouldSkipIcon(preset) {
+           var noIcons = ['building', 'landuse', 'natural'];
+           return noIcons.some(function (s) {
+             return preset.id.indexOf(s) >= 0;
+           });
+         }
 
-                 var endpointLocGetter2 = function endpointLocGetter2(lengthMeters) {
-                   return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle + Math.PI, lengthMeters);
-                 }; // avoid creating very short edges from splitting too close to another node
+         function get(array, prop) {
+           return function (d, i) {
+             return array[i][prop];
+           };
+         }
 
+         function textWidth(text, size, elem) {
+           var c = _textWidthCache[size];
+           if (!c) c = _textWidthCache[size] = {};
 
-                 var minEdgeLengthMeters = 0.55; // decide where to bound the structure along the way, splitting as necessary
+           if (c[text]) {
+             return c[text];
+           } else if (elem) {
+             c[text] = elem.getComputedTextLength();
+             return c[text];
+           } else {
+             var str = encodeURIComponent(text).match(/%[CDEFcdef]/g);
 
-                 function determineEndpoint(edge, endNode, locGetter) {
-                   var newNode;
-                   var idealLengthMeters = structLengthMeters / 2; // distance between the crossing location and the end of the edge,
-                   // the maximum length of this side of the structure
+             if (str === null) {
+               return size / 3 * 2 * text.length;
+             } else {
+               return size / 3 * (2 * text.length + str.length);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-                   var crossingToEdgeEndDistance = geoSphericalDistance(crossingLoc, endNode.loc);
+         function drawLinePaths(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           var paths = selection.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
 
-                   if (crossingToEdgeEndDistance - idealLengthMeters > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
-                     // the edge is long enough to insert a new node
-                     // the loc that would result in the full expected length
-                     var idealNodeLoc = locGetter(idealLengthMeters);
-                     newNode = osmNode();
-                     graph = actionAddMidpoint({
-                       loc: idealNodeLoc,
-                       edge: edge
-                     }, newNode)(graph);
-                   } else {
-                     var edgeCount = 0;
-                     endNode.parentIntersectionWays(graph).forEach(function (way) {
-                       way.nodes.forEach(function (nodeID) {
-                         if (nodeID === endNode.id) {
-                           if (endNode.id === way.first() && endNode.id !== way.last() || endNode.id === way.last() && endNode.id !== way.first()) {
-                             edgeCount += 1;
-                           } else {
-                             edgeCount += 2;
-                           }
-                         }
-                       });
-                     });
+           paths.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-                     if (edgeCount >= 3) {
-                       // the end node is a junction, try to leave a segment
-                       // between it and the structure - #7202
-                       var insetLength = crossingToEdgeEndDistance - minEdgeLengthMeters;
+           paths.enter().append('path').style('stroke-width', get(labels, 'font-size')).attr('id', function (d) {
+             return 'ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id;
+           }).attr('class', classes).merge(paths).attr('d', get(labels, 'lineString'));
+         }
 
-                       if (insetLength > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
-                         var insetNodeLoc = locGetter(insetLength);
-                         newNode = osmNode();
-                         graph = actionAddMidpoint({
-                           loc: insetNodeLoc,
-                           edge: edge
-                         }, newNode)(graph);
-                       }
-                     }
-                   } // if the edge is too short to subdivide as desired, then
-                   // just bound the structure at the existing end node
+         function drawLineLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
 
+           texts.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-                   if (!newNode) newNode = endNode;
-                   var splitAction = actionSplit([newNode.id]).limitWays(resultWayIDs); // only split selected or created ways
-                   // do the split
+           texts.enter().append('text').attr('class', function (d, i) {
+             return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id;
+           }).attr('dy', baselineHack ? '0.35em' : null).append('textPath').attr('class', 'textpath'); // update
 
-                   graph = splitAction(graph);
+           selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).selectAll('.textpath').filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key).attr('startOffset', '50%').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             return '#ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id;
+           }).text(utilDisplayNameForPath);
+         }
 
-                   if (splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs().length) {
-                     resultWayIDs.push(splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs()[0]);
-                   }
+         function drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
 
-                   return newNode;
-                 }
+           texts.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-                 var structEndNode1 = determineEndpoint(edge, edgeNodes[1], endpointLocGetter1);
-                 var structEndNode2 = determineEndpoint([edgeNodes[0].id, structEndNode1.id], edgeNodes[0], endpointLocGetter2);
-                 var structureWay = resultWayIDs.map(function (id) {
-                   return graph.entity(id);
-                 }).find(function (way) {
-                   return way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode1.id) !== -1 && way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode2.id) !== -1;
-                 });
-                 var tags = Object.assign({}, structureWay.tags); // copy tags
+           texts.enter().append('text').attr('class', function (d, i) {
+             return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id;
+           }).merge(texts).attr('x', get(labels, 'x')).attr('y', get(labels, 'y')).style('text-anchor', get(labels, 'textAnchor')).text(utilDisplayName).each(function (d, i) {
+             textWidth(utilDisplayName(d), labels[i].height, this);
+           });
+         }
 
-                 if (bridgeOrTunnel === 'bridge') {
-                   tags.bridge = 'yes';
-                   tags.layer = '1';
-                 } else {
-                   var tunnelValue = 'yes';
+         function drawAreaLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           entities = entities.filter(hasText);
+           labels = labels.filter(hasText);
+           drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels);
 
-                   if (getFeatureType(structureWay, graph) === 'waterway') {
-                     // use `tunnel=culvert` for waterways by default
-                     tunnelValue = 'culvert';
-                   }
+           function hasText(d, i) {
+             return labels[i].hasOwnProperty('x') && labels[i].hasOwnProperty('y');
+           }
+         }
 
-                   tags.tunnel = tunnelValue;
-                   tags.layer = '-1';
-                 } // apply the structure tags to the way
+         function drawAreaIcons(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           var icons = selection.selectAll('use.' + classes).filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
 
+           icons.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-                 graph = actionChangeTags(structureWay.id, tags)(graph);
-                 return graph;
-               };
+           icons.enter().append('use').attr('class', 'icon ' + classes).attr('width', '17px').attr('height', '17px').merge(icons).attr('transform', get(labels, 'transform')).attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(d, context.graph());
+             var picon = preset && preset.icon;
 
-               context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.annotation'));
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultWayIDs));
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-15' : '');
              }
            });
          }
 
-         function makeConnectWaysFix(connectionTags) {
-           var fixTitleID = 'connect_features';
+         function drawCollisionBoxes(selection, rtree, which) {
+           var classes = 'debug ' + which + ' ' + (which === 'debug-skipped' ? 'orange' : 'yellow');
+           var gj = [];
 
-           if (connectionTags.ford) {
-             fixTitleID = 'connect_using_ford';
+           if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
+             gj = rtree.all().map(function (d) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'Polygon',
+                 coordinates: [[[d.minX, d.minY], [d.maxX, d.minY], [d.maxX, d.maxY], [d.minX, d.maxY], [d.minX, d.minY]]]
+               };
+             });
            }
 
-           return new validationIssueFix({
-             icon: 'iD-icon-crossing',
-             title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
-             onClick: function onClick(context) {
-               var loc = this.issue.loc;
-               var connectionTags = this.issue.data.connectionTags;
-               var edges = this.issue.data.edges;
-               context.perform(function actionConnectCrossingWays(graph) {
-                 // create the new node for the points
-                 var node = osmNode({
-                   loc: loc,
-                   tags: connectionTags
-                 });
-                 graph = graph.replace(node);
-                 var nodesToMerge = [node.id];
-                 var mergeThresholdInMeters = 0.75;
-                 edges.forEach(function (edge) {
-                   var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];
-                   var closestNodeInfo = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, loc); // if there is already a point nearby, use that
+           var boxes = selection.selectAll('.' + which).data(gj); // exit
 
-                   if (closestNodeInfo.distance < mergeThresholdInMeters) {
-                     nodesToMerge.push(closestNodeInfo.node.id); // else add the new node to the way
-                   } else {
-                     graph = actionAddMidpoint({
-                       loc: loc,
-                       edge: edge
-                     }, node)(graph);
-                   }
-                 });
+           boxes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-                 if (nodesToMerge.length > 1) {
-                   // if we're using nearby nodes, merge them with the new node
-                   graph = actionMergeNodes(nodesToMerge, loc)(graph);
-                 }
+           boxes.enter().append('path').attr('class', classes).merge(boxes).attr('d', d3_geoPath());
+         }
 
-                 return graph;
-               }, _t('issues.fix.connect_crossing_features.annotation'));
+         function drawLabels(selection, graph, entities, filter, dimensions, fullRedraw) {
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           var labelable = [];
+           var renderNodeAs = {};
+           var i, j, k, entity, geometry;
+
+           for (i = 0; i < labelStack.length; i++) {
+             labelable.push([]);
+           }
+
+           if (fullRedraw) {
+             _rdrawn.clear();
+
+             _rskipped.clear();
+
+             _entitybboxes = {};
+           } else {
+             for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+               entity = entities[i];
+               var toRemove = [].concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id] || []).concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id + 'I'] || []);
+
+               for (j = 0; j < toRemove.length; j++) {
+                 _rdrawn.remove(toRemove[j]);
+
+                 _rskipped.remove(toRemove[j]);
+               }
              }
-           });
-         }
+           } // Loop through all the entities to do some preprocessing
 
-         function makeChangeLayerFix(higherOrLower) {
-           return new validationIssueFix({
-             icon: 'iD-icon-' + (higherOrLower === 'higher' ? 'up' : 'down'),
-             title: _t.html('issues.fix.tag_this_as_' + higherOrLower + '.title'),
-             onClick: function onClick(context) {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') return;
-               var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
-               if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) return;
-               var selectedID = selectedIDs[0];
-               if (!this.issue.entityIds.some(function (entityId) {
-                 return entityId === selectedID;
-               })) return;
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedID);
-               if (!entity) return;
-               var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-               var layer = tags.layer && Number(tags.layer);
+           for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             entity = entities[i];
+             geometry = entity.geometry(graph); // Insert collision boxes around interesting points/vertices
 
-               if (layer && !isNaN(layer)) {
-                 if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
-                   layer += 1;
-                 } else {
-                   layer -= 1;
-                 }
+             if (geometry === 'point' || geometry === 'vertex' && isInterestingVertex(entity)) {
+               var hasDirections = entity.directions(graph, projection).length;
+               var markerPadding;
+
+               if (!wireframe && geometry === 'point' && !(zoom >= 18 && hasDirections)) {
+                 renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'point';
+                 markerPadding = 20; // extra y for marker height
                } else {
-                 if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
-                   layer = 1;
-                 } else {
-                   layer = -1;
-                 }
+                 renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'vertex';
+                 markerPadding = 0;
                }
 
-               tags.layer = layer.toString();
-               context.perform(actionChangeTags(entity.id, tags), _t('operations.change_tags.annotation'));
-             }
-           });
-         }
+               var coord = projection(entity.loc);
+               var nodePadding = 10;
+               var bbox = {
+                 minX: coord[0] - nodePadding,
+                 minY: coord[1] - nodePadding - markerPadding,
+                 maxX: coord[0] + nodePadding,
+                 maxY: coord[1] + nodePadding
+               };
+               doInsert(bbox, entity.id + 'P');
+             } // From here on, treat vertices like points
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
 
-       function validationDisconnectedWay() {
-         var type = 'disconnected_way';
+             if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+               geometry = 'point';
+             } // Determine which entities are label-able
 
-         function isTaggedAsHighway(entity) {
-           return osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
-         }
 
-         var validation = function checkDisconnectedWay(entity, graph) {
-           var routingIslandWays = routingIslandForEntity(entity);
-           if (!routingIslandWays) return [];
-           return [new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: 'highway',
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: function message(context) {
-               var entity = this.entityIds.length && context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-               var label = entity && utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph());
-               return _t.html('issues.disconnected_way.routable.message', {
-                 count: this.entityIds.length,
-                 highway: label
-               });
-             },
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: Array.from(routingIslandWays).map(function (way) {
-               return way.id;
-             }),
-             dynamicFixes: makeFixes
-           })];
+             var preset = geometry === 'area' && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+             var icon = preset && !shouldSkipIcon(preset) && preset.icon;
+             if (!icon && !utilDisplayName(entity)) continue;
 
-           function makeFixes(context) {
-             var fixes = [];
-             var singleEntity = this.entityIds.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+             for (k = 0; k < labelStack.length; k++) {
+               var matchGeom = labelStack[k][0];
+               var matchKey = labelStack[k][1];
+               var matchVal = labelStack[k][2];
+               var hasVal = entity.tags[matchKey];
 
-             if (singleEntity) {
-               if (singleEntity.type === 'way' && !singleEntity.isClosed()) {
-                 var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
-                 var startFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.first(), 'start');
-                 if (startFix) fixes.push(startFix);
-                 var endFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.last(), 'end');
-                 if (endFix) fixes.push(endFix);
+               if (geometry === matchGeom && hasVal && (matchVal === '*' || matchVal === hasVal)) {
+                 labelable[k].push(entity);
+                 break;
                }
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (!fixes.length) {
-                 fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_feature.title')
-                 }));
+           var positions = {
+             point: [],
+             line: [],
+             area: []
+           };
+           var labelled = {
+             point: [],
+             line: [],
+             area: []
+           }; // Try and find a valid label for labellable entities
+
+           for (k = 0; k < labelable.length; k++) {
+             var fontSize = labelStack[k][3];
+
+             for (i = 0; i < labelable[k].length; i++) {
+               entity = labelable[k][i];
+               geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+               var getName = geometry === 'line' ? utilDisplayNameForPath : utilDisplayName;
+               var name = getName(entity);
+               var width = name && textWidth(name, fontSize);
+               var p = null;
+
+               if (geometry === 'point' || geometry === 'vertex') {
+                 // no point or vertex labels in wireframe mode
+                 // no vertex labels at low zooms (vertices have no icons)
+                 if (wireframe) continue;
+                 var renderAs = renderNodeAs[entity.id];
+                 if (renderAs === 'vertex' && zoom < 17) continue;
+                 p = getPointLabel(entity, width, fontSize, renderAs);
+               } else if (geometry === 'line') {
+                 p = getLineLabel(entity, width, fontSize);
+               } else if (geometry === 'area') {
+                 p = getAreaLabel(entity, width, fontSize);
                }
 
-               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
-                 entityIds: [singleEntity.id],
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                   var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
+               if (p) {
+                 if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+                   geometry = 'point';
+                 } // treat vertex like point
 
-                   if (!operation.disabled()) {
-                     operation();
-                   }
-                 }
-               }));
-             } else {
-               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_features.title')
-               }));
-             }
 
-             return fixes;
+                 p.classes = geometry + ' tag-' + labelStack[k][1];
+                 positions[geometry].push(p);
+                 labelled[geometry].push(entity);
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.disconnected_way.routable.reference'));
+           function isInterestingVertex(entity) {
+             var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
+             return entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.isEndpoint(graph) || entity.isConnected(graph) || selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1 || graph.parentWays(entity).some(function (parent) {
+               return selectedIDs.indexOf(parent.id) !== -1;
+             });
            }
 
-           function routingIslandForEntity(entity) {
-             var routingIsland = new Set(); // the interconnected routable features
+           function getPointLabel(entity, width, height, geometry) {
+             var y = geometry === 'point' ? -12 : 0;
+             var pointOffsets = {
+               ltr: [15, y, 'start'],
+               rtl: [-15, y, 'end']
+             };
+             var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
+             var coord = projection(entity.loc);
+             var textPadding = 2;
+             var offset = pointOffsets[textDirection];
+             var p = {
+               height: height,
+               width: width,
+               x: coord[0] + offset[0],
+               y: coord[1] + offset[1],
+               textAnchor: offset[2]
+             }; // insert a collision box for the text label..
 
-             var waysToCheck = []; // the queue of remaining routable ways to traverse
+             var bbox;
 
-             function queueParentWays(node) {
-               graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function (parentWay) {
-                 if (!routingIsland.has(parentWay) && // only check each feature once
-                 isRoutableWay(parentWay, false)) {
-                   // only check routable features
-                   routingIsland.add(parentWay);
-                   waysToCheck.push(parentWay);
-                 }
-               });
+             if (textDirection === 'rtl') {
+               bbox = {
+                 minX: p.x - width - textPadding,
+                 minY: p.y - height / 2 - textPadding,
+                 maxX: p.x + textPadding,
+                 maxY: p.y + height / 2 + textPadding
+               };
+             } else {
+               bbox = {
+                 minX: p.x - textPadding,
+                 minY: p.y - height / 2 - textPadding,
+                 maxX: p.x + width + textPadding,
+                 maxY: p.y + height / 2 + textPadding
+               };
              }
 
-             if (entity.type === 'way' && isRoutableWay(entity, true)) {
-               routingIsland.add(entity);
-               waysToCheck.push(entity);
-             } else if (entity.type === 'node' && isRoutableNode(entity)) {
-               routingIsland.add(entity);
-               queueParentWays(entity);
-             } else {
-               // this feature isn't routable, cannot be a routing island
-               return null;
+             if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
+               return p;
              }
+           }
 
-             while (waysToCheck.length) {
-               var wayToCheck = waysToCheck.pop();
-               var childNodes = graph.childNodes(wayToCheck);
+           function getLineLabel(entity, width, height) {
+             var viewport = geoExtent(context.projection.clipExtent()).polygon();
+             var points = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function (node) {
+               return projection(node.loc);
+             });
+             var length = geoPathLength(points);
+             if (length < width + 20) return; // % along the line to attempt to place the label
 
-               for (var i in childNodes) {
-                 var vertex = childNodes[i];
+             var lineOffsets = [50, 45, 55, 40, 60, 35, 65, 30, 70, 25, 75, 20, 80, 15, 95, 10, 90, 5, 95];
+             var padding = 3;
 
-                 if (isConnectedVertex(vertex)) {
-                   // found a link to the wider network, not a routing island
-                   return null;
-                 }
+             for (var i = 0; i < lineOffsets.length; i++) {
+               var offset = lineOffsets[i];
+               var middle = offset / 100 * length;
+               var start = middle - width / 2;
+               if (start < 0 || start + width > length) continue; // generate subpath and ignore paths that are invalid or don't cross viewport.
 
-                 if (isRoutableNode(vertex)) {
-                   routingIsland.add(vertex);
+               var sub = subpath(points, start, start + width);
+
+               if (!sub || !geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, sub, true)) {
+                 continue;
+               }
+
+               var isReverse = reverse(sub);
+
+               if (isReverse) {
+                 sub = sub.reverse();
+               }
+
+               var bboxes = [];
+               var boxsize = (height + 2) / 2;
+
+               for (var j = 0; j < sub.length - 1; j++) {
+                 var a = sub[j];
+                 var b = sub[j + 1]; // split up the text into small collision boxes
+
+                 var num = Math.max(1, Math.floor(geoVecLength(a, b) / boxsize / 2));
+
+                 for (var box = 0; box < num; box++) {
+                   var p = geoVecInterp(a, b, box / num);
+                   var x0 = p[0] - boxsize - padding;
+                   var y0 = p[1] - boxsize - padding;
+                   var x1 = p[0] + boxsize + padding;
+                   var y1 = p[1] + boxsize + padding;
+                   bboxes.push({
+                     minX: Math.min(x0, x1),
+                     minY: Math.min(y0, y1),
+                     maxX: Math.max(x0, x1),
+                     maxY: Math.max(y0, y1)
+                   });
                  }
+               }
 
-                 queueParentWays(vertex);
+               if (tryInsert(bboxes, entity.id, false)) {
+                 // accept this one
+                 return {
+                   'font-size': height + 2,
+                   lineString: lineString(sub),
+                   startOffset: offset + '%'
+                 };
                }
-             } // no network link found, this is a routing island, return its members
+             }
 
+             function reverse(p) {
+               var angle = Math.atan2(p[1][1] - p[0][1], p[1][0] - p[0][0]);
+               return !(p[0][0] < p[p.length - 1][0] && angle < Math.PI / 2 && angle > -Math.PI / 2);
+             }
 
-             return routingIsland;
-           }
+             function lineString(points) {
+               return 'M' + points.join('L');
+             }
 
-           function isConnectedVertex(vertex) {
-             // assume ways overlapping unloaded tiles are connected to the wider road network  - #5938
-             var osm = services.osm;
-             if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(vertex.loc)) return true; // entrances are considered connected
+             function subpath(points, from, to) {
+               var sofar = 0;
+               var start, end, i0, i1;
 
-             if (vertex.tags.entrance && vertex.tags.entrance !== 'no') return true;
-             if (vertex.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') return true;
-             return false;
-           }
+               for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
+                 var a = points[i];
+                 var b = points[i + 1];
+                 var current = geoVecLength(a, b);
+                 var portion;
 
-           function isRoutableNode(node) {
-             // treat elevators as distinct features in the highway network
-             if (node.tags.highway === 'elevator') return true;
-             return false;
-           }
+                 if (!start && sofar + current >= from) {
+                   portion = (from - sofar) / current;
+                   start = [a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]), a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])];
+                   i0 = i + 1;
+                 }
 
-           function isRoutableWay(way, ignoreInnerWays) {
-             if (isTaggedAsHighway(way) || way.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
-             return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function (parentRelation) {
-               if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' && parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
-               if (parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && isTaggedAsHighway(parentRelation) && (!ignoreInnerWays || parentRelation.memberById(way.id).role !== 'inner')) return true;
-               return false;
-             });
+                 if (!end && sofar + current >= to) {
+                   portion = (to - sofar) / current;
+                   end = [a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]), a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])];
+                   i1 = i + 1;
+                 }
+
+                 sofar += current;
+               }
+
+               var result = points.slice(i0, i1);
+               result.unshift(start);
+               result.push(end);
+               return result;
+             }
            }
 
-           function makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, vertexID, whichEnd) {
-             var vertex = graph.hasEntity(vertexID);
-             if (!vertex || vertex.tags.noexit === 'yes') return null;
-             var useLeftContinue = whichEnd === 'start' && textDirection === 'ltr' || whichEnd === 'end' && textDirection === 'rtl';
-             return new validationIssueFix({
-               icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
-               title: _t.html('issues.fix.continue_from_' + whichEnd + '.title'),
-               entityIds: [vertexID],
-               onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                 var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                 var way = context.hasEntity(wayId);
-                 var vertexId = this.entityIds[0];
-                 var vertex = context.hasEntity(vertexId);
-                 if (!way || !vertex) return; // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
+           function getAreaLabel(entity, width, height) {
+             var centroid = path.centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
+             var extent = entity.extent(graph);
+             var areaWidth = projection(extent[1])[0] - projection(extent[0])[0];
+             if (isNaN(centroid[0]) || areaWidth < 20) return;
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+             var picon = preset && preset.icon;
+             var iconSize = 17;
+             var padding = 2;
+             var p = {};
+
+             if (picon) {
+               // icon and label..
+               if (addIcon()) {
+                 addLabel(iconSize + padding);
+                 return p;
+               }
+             } else {
+               // label only..
+               if (addLabel(0)) {
+                 return p;
+               }
+             }
+
+             function addIcon() {
+               var iconX = centroid[0] - iconSize / 2;
+               var iconY = centroid[1] - iconSize / 2;
+               var bbox = {
+                 minX: iconX,
+                 minY: iconY,
+                 maxX: iconX + iconSize,
+                 maxY: iconY + iconSize
+               };
 
-                 var map = context.map();
+               if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id + 'I', true)) {
+                 p.transform = 'translate(' + iconX + ',' + iconY + ')';
+                 return true;
+               }
 
-                 if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
-                   map.zoomToEase(vertex);
-                 }
+               return false;
+             }
 
-                 context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, wayId, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertexId), true));
-               }
-             });
-           }
-         };
+             function addLabel(yOffset) {
+               if (width && areaWidth >= width + 20) {
+                 var labelX = centroid[0];
+                 var labelY = centroid[1] + yOffset;
+                 var bbox = {
+                   minX: labelX - width / 2 - padding,
+                   minY: labelY - height / 2 - padding,
+                   maxX: labelX + width / 2 + padding,
+                   maxY: labelY + height / 2 + padding
+                 };
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
+                 if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
+                   p.x = labelX;
+                   p.y = labelY;
+                   p.textAnchor = 'middle';
+                   p.height = height;
+                   return true;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function validationFormatting() {
-         var type = 'invalid_format';
+               return false;
+             }
+           } // force insert a singular bounding box
+           // singular box only, no array, id better be unique
 
-         var validation = function validation(entity) {
-           var issues = [];
 
-           function isValidEmail(email) {
-             // Emails in OSM are going to be official so they should be pretty simple
-             // Using negated lists to better support all possible unicode characters (#6494)
-             var valid_email = /^[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]]+@[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]\.]+(?:\.[a-z0-9-]+)*$/i; // An empty value is also acceptable
+           function doInsert(bbox, id) {
+             bbox.id = id;
+             var oldbox = _entitybboxes[id];
 
-             return !email || valid_email.test(email);
-           }
-           /*
-           function isSchemePresent(url) {
-               var valid_scheme = /^https?:\/\//i;
-               return (!url || valid_scheme.test(url));
-           }
-           */
+             if (oldbox) {
+               _rdrawn.remove(oldbox);
+             }
 
+             _entitybboxes[id] = bbox;
 
-           function showReferenceEmail(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.invalid_format.email.reference'));
-           }
-           /*
-           function showReferenceWebsite(selection) {
-               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                   .html(t.html('issues.invalid_format.website.reference'));
-           }
-            if (entity.tags.website) {
-               // Multiple websites are possible
-               // If ever we support ES6, arrow functions make this nicer
-               var websites = entity.tags.website
-                   .split(';')
-                   .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
-                   .filter(function(x) { return !isSchemePresent(x); });
-                if (websites.length) {
-                   issues.push(new validationIssue({
-                       type: type,
-                       subtype: 'website',
-                       severity: 'warning',
-                       message: function(context) {
-                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                           return entity ? t.html('issues.invalid_format.website.message' + this.data,
-                               { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()), site: websites.join(', ') }) : '';
-                       },
-                       reference: showReferenceWebsite,
-                       entityIds: [entity.id],
-                       hash: websites.join(),
-                       data: (websites.length > 1) ? '_multi' : ''
-                   }));
-               }
+             _rdrawn.insert(bbox);
            }
-           */
 
+           function tryInsert(bboxes, id, saveSkipped) {
+             var skipped = false;
 
-           if (entity.tags.email) {
-             // Multiple emails are possible
-             var emails = entity.tags.email.split(';').map(function (s) {
-               return s.trim();
-             }).filter(function (x) {
-               return !isValidEmail(x);
-             });
+             for (var i = 0; i < bboxes.length; i++) {
+               var bbox = bboxes[i];
+               bbox.id = id; // Check that label is visible
 
-             if (emails.length) {
-               issues.push(new validationIssue({
-                 type: type,
-                 subtype: 'email',
-                 severity: 'warning',
-                 message: function message(context) {
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                   return entity ? _t.html('issues.invalid_format.email.message' + this.data, {
-                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
-                     email: emails.join(', ')
-                   }) : '';
-                 },
-                 reference: showReferenceEmail,
-                 entityIds: [entity.id],
-                 hash: emails.join(),
-                 data: emails.length > 1 ? '_multi' : ''
-               }));
+               if (bbox.minX < 0 || bbox.minY < 0 || bbox.maxX > dimensions[0] || bbox.maxY > dimensions[1]) {
+                 skipped = true;
+                 break;
+               }
+
+               if (_rdrawn.collides(bbox)) {
+                 skipped = true;
+                 break;
+               }
              }
-           }
 
-           return issues;
-         };
+             _entitybboxes[id] = bboxes;
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
+             if (skipped) {
+               if (saveSkipped) {
+                 _rskipped.load(bboxes);
+               }
+             } else {
+               _rdrawn.load(bboxes);
+             }
 
-       function validationHelpRequest(context) {
-         var type = 'help_request';
+             return !skipped;
+           }
 
-         var validation = function checkFixmeTag(entity) {
-           if (!entity.tags.fixme) return []; // don't flag fixmes on features added by the user
+           var layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
+           layer.selectAll('.labels-group').data(['halo', 'label', 'debug']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'labels-group ' + d;
+           });
+           var halo = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo');
+           var label = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.label');
+           var debug = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.debug'); // points
 
-           if (entity.version === undefined) return [];
+           drawPointLabels(label, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel', positions.point);
+           drawPointLabels(halo, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel-halo', positions.point); // lines
 
-           if (entity.v !== undefined) {
-             var baseEntity = context.history().base().hasEntity(entity.id); // don't flag fixmes added by the user on existing features
+           drawLinePaths(layer, labelled.line, filter, '', positions.line);
+           drawLineLabels(label, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel', positions.line);
+           drawLineLabels(halo, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel-halo', positions.line); // areas
 
-             if (!baseEntity || !baseEntity.tags.fixme) return [];
-           }
+           drawAreaLabels(label, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel', positions.area);
+           drawAreaLabels(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel-halo', positions.area);
+           drawAreaIcons(label, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon', positions.area);
+           drawAreaIcons(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon-halo', positions.area); // debug
 
-           return [new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: 'fixme_tag',
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: function message(context) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-               return entity ? _t.html('issues.fixme_tag.message', {
-                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-               }) : '';
-             },
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-               return [new validationIssueFix({
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.address_the_concern.title')
-               })];
-             },
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [entity.id]
-           })];
+           drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rskipped, 'debug-skipped');
+           drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rdrawn, 'debug-drawn');
+           layer.call(filterLabels);
+         }
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.fixme_tag.reference'));
-           }
-         };
+         function filterLabels(selection) {
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
+           var layers = drawLayer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo, .labels-group.label');
+           layers.selectAll('.nolabel').classed('nolabel', false);
+           var mouse = context.map().mouse();
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
+           var ids = [];
+           var pad, bbox; // hide labels near the mouse
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
+           if (mouse) {
+             pad = 20;
+             bbox = {
+               minX: mouse[0] - pad,
+               minY: mouse[1] - pad,
+               maxX: mouse[0] + pad,
+               maxY: mouse[1] + pad
+             };
 
-       function validationImpossibleOneway() {
-         var type = 'impossible_oneway';
+             var nearMouse = _rdrawn.search(bbox).map(function (entity) {
+               return entity.id;
+             });
 
-         var validation = function checkImpossibleOneway(entity, graph) {
-           if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'line') return [];
-           if (entity.isClosed()) return [];
-           if (!typeForWay(entity)) return [];
-           if (!isOneway(entity)) return [];
-           var firstIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.first());
-           var lastIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.last());
-           return firstIssues.concat(lastIssues);
+             ids.push.apply(ids, nearMouse);
+           } // hide labels on selected nodes (they look weird when dragging / haloed)
 
-           function typeForWay(way) {
-             if (way.geometry(graph) !== 'line') return null;
-             if (osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) return 'highway';
-             if (osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[way.tags.waterway]) return 'waterway';
-             return null;
-           }
 
-           function isOneway(way) {
-             if (way.tags.oneway === 'yes') return true;
-             if (way.tags.oneway) return false;
+           for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = graph.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
 
-             for (var key in way.tags) {
-               if (osmOneWayTags[key] && osmOneWayTags[key][way.tags[key]]) {
-                 return true;
-               }
+             if (entity && entity.type === 'node') {
+               ids.push(selectedIDs[i]);
              }
-
-             return false;
            }
 
-           function nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID) {
-             var occurrences = 0;
+           layers.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids)).classed('nolabel', true); // draw the mouse bbox if debugging is on..
 
-             for (var index in way.nodes) {
-               if (way.nodes[index] === nodeID) {
-                 occurrences += 1;
-                 if (occurrences > 1) return true;
-               }
-             }
+           var debug = selection.selectAll('.labels-group.debug');
+           var gj = [];
 
-             return false;
+           if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
+             gj = bbox ? [{
+               type: 'Polygon',
+               coordinates: [[[bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.minX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.minX, bbox.minY]]]
+             }] : [];
            }
 
-           function isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node) {
-             var wayType = typeForWay(way);
-
-             if (wayType === 'highway') {
-               // entrances are considered connected
-               if (node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no') return true;
-               if (node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') return true;
-             } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
-               if (node.id === way.first()) {
-                 // multiple waterways may start at the same spring
-                 if (node.tags.natural === 'spring') return true;
-               } else {
-                 // multiple waterways may end at the same drain
-                 if (node.tags.manhole === 'drain') return true;
-               }
-             }
+           var box = debug.selectAll('.debug-mouse').data(gj); // exit
 
-             return graph.parentWays(node).some(function (parentWay) {
-               if (parentWay.id === way.id) return false;
+           box.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-               if (wayType === 'highway') {
-                 // allow connections to highway areas
-                 if (parentWay.geometry(graph) === 'area' && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentWay.tags.highway]) return true; // count connections to ferry routes as connected
+           box.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'debug debug-mouse yellow').merge(box).attr('d', d3_geoPath());
+         }
 
-                 if (parentWay.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
-                 return graph.parentRelations(parentWay).some(function (parentRelation) {
-                   if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' && parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') return true; // allow connections to highway multipolygons
+         var throttleFilterLabels = throttle(filterLabels, 100);
 
-                   return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentRelation.tags.highway];
-                 });
-               } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
-                 // multiple waterways may start or end at a water body at the same node
-                 if (parentWay.tags.natural === 'water' || parentWay.tags.natural === 'coastline') return true;
-               }
+         drawLabels.observe = function (selection) {
+           var listener = function listener() {
+             throttleFilterLabels(selection);
+           };
 
-               return false;
-             });
-           }
+           selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', listener);
+           context.on('enter.hidelabels', listener);
+         };
 
-           function issuesForNode(way, nodeID) {
-             var isFirst = nodeID === way.first();
-             var wayType = typeForWay(way); // ignore if this way is self-connected at this node
+         drawLabels.off = function (selection) {
+           throttleFilterLabels.cancel();
+           selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', null);
+           context.on('enter.hidelabels', null);
+         };
 
-             if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID)) return [];
-             var osm = services.osm;
-             if (!osm) return [];
-             var node = graph.hasEntity(nodeID); // ignore if this node or its tile are unloaded
+         return drawLabels;
+       }
 
-             if (!node || !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) return [];
-             if (isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node)) return [];
-             var attachedWaysOfSameType = graph.parentWays(node).filter(function (parentWay) {
-               if (parentWay.id === way.id) return false;
-               return typeForWay(parentWay) === wayType;
-             }); // assume it's okay for waterways to start or end disconnected for now
+       var _layerEnabled$1 = false;
 
-             if (wayType === 'waterway' && attachedWaysOfSameType.length === 0) return [];
-             var attachedOneways = attachedWaysOfSameType.filter(function (attachedWay) {
-               return isOneway(attachedWay);
-             }); // ignore if the way is connected to some non-oneway features
+       var _qaService$1;
 
-             if (attachedOneways.length < attachedWaysOfSameType.length) return [];
+       function svgImproveOSM(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           return dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-             if (attachedOneways.length) {
-               var connectedEndpointsOkay = attachedOneways.some(function (attachedOneway) {
-                 if ((isFirst ? attachedOneway.first() : attachedOneway.last()) !== nodeID) return true;
-                 if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(attachedOneway, nodeID)) return true;
-                 return false;
-               });
-               if (connectedEndpointsOkay) return [];
-             }
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var touchLayer = select(null);
+         var drawLayer = select(null);
+         var layerVisible = false;
 
-             var placement = isFirst ? 'start' : 'end',
-                 messageID = wayType + '.',
-                 referenceID = wayType + '.';
+         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
+         } // Loosely-coupled improveOSM service for fetching issues
 
-             if (wayType === 'waterway') {
-               messageID += 'connected.' + placement;
-               referenceID += 'connected';
-             } else {
-               messageID += placement;
-               referenceID += placement;
-             }
 
-             return [new validationIssue({
-               type: type,
-               subtype: wayType,
-               severity: 'warning',
-               message: function message(context) {
-                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.impossible_oneway.' + messageID + '.message', {
-                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                 }) : '';
-               },
-               reference: getReference(referenceID),
-               entityIds: [way.id, node.id],
-               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-                 var fixes = [];
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.improveOSM && !_qaService$1) {
+             _qaService$1 = services.improveOSM;
 
-                 if (attachedOneways.length) {
-                   fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                     icon: 'iD-operation-reverse',
-                     title: _t.html('issues.fix.reverse_feature.title'),
-                     entityIds: [way.id],
-                     onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                       var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                       context.perform(actionReverse(id), _t('operations.reverse.annotation.line', {
-                         n: 1
-                       }));
-                     }
-                   }));
-                 }
+             _qaService$1.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.improveOSM && _qaService$1) {
+             _qaService$1 = null;
+           }
 
-                 if (node.tags.noexit !== 'yes') {
-                   var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
-                   var useLeftContinue = isFirst && textDirection === 'ltr' || !isFirst && textDirection === 'rtl';
-                   fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                     icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
-                     title: _t.html('issues.fix.continue_from_' + (isFirst ? 'start' : 'end') + '.title'),
-                     onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                       var entityID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                       var vertexID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
-                       var way = context.entity(entityID);
-                       var vertex = context.entity(vertexID);
-                       continueDrawing(way, vertex, context);
-                     }
-                   }));
-                 }
+           return _qaService$1;
+         } // Show the markers
 
-                 return fixes;
-               },
-               loc: node.loc
-             })];
 
-             function getReference(referenceID) {
-               return function showReference(selection) {
-                 selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.impossible_oneway.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
-               };
-             }
+         function editOn() {
+           if (!layerVisible) {
+             layerVisible = true;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
            }
-         };
+         } // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
 
-         function continueDrawing(way, vertex, context) {
-           // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
-           var map = context.map();
 
-           if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
-             map.zoomToEase(vertex);
+         function editOff() {
+           if (layerVisible) {
+             layerVisible = false;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').remove();
            }
+         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
 
-           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertex.id), true));
-         }
-
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
-
-       function validationIncompatibleSource() {
-         var type = 'incompatible_source';
-         var invalidSources = [{
-           id: 'google',
-           regex: 'google',
-           exceptRegex: 'books.google|Google Books|drive.google|googledrive|Google Drive'
-         }];
 
-         var validation = function checkIncompatibleSource(entity) {
-           var entitySources = entity.tags && entity.tags.source && entity.tags.source.split(';');
-           if (!entitySources) return [];
-           var issues = [];
-           invalidSources.forEach(function (invalidSource) {
-             var hasInvalidSource = entitySources.some(function (source) {
-               if (!source.match(new RegExp(invalidSource.regex, 'i'))) return false;
-               if (invalidSource.exceptRegex && source.match(new RegExp(invalidSource.exceptRegex, 'i'))) return false;
-               return true;
-             });
-             if (!hasInvalidSource) return;
-             issues.push(new validationIssue({
-               type: type,
-               severity: 'warning',
-               message: function message(context) {
-                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.incompatible_source.' + invalidSource.id + '.feature.message', {
-                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                 }) : '';
-               },
-               reference: getReference(invalidSource.id),
-               entityIds: [entity.id],
-               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-                 return [new validationIssueFix({
-                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_proprietary_data.title')
-                 })];
-               }
-             }));
+         function layerOn() {
+           editOn();
+           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             return dispatch.call('change');
            });
-           return issues;
+         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
 
-           function getReference(id) {
-             return function showReference(selection) {
-               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.incompatible_source.' + id + '.reference'));
-             };
-           }
-         };
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
+         function layerOff() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           drawLayer.interrupt();
+           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').remove();
+           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             editOff();
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Update the issue markers
 
-       function validationMaprules() {
-         var type = 'maprules';
 
-         var validation = function checkMaprules(entity, graph) {
-           if (!services.maprules) return [];
-           var rules = services.maprules.validationRules();
-           var issues = [];
+         function updateMarkers() {
+           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled$1) return;
+           var service = getService();
+           var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
+           var data = service ? service.getItems(projection) : [];
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
-             var rule = rules[i];
-             rule.findIssues(entity, graph, issues);
-           }
+           var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           return issues;
-         };
+           markers.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
+           var markersEnter = markers.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
+           });
+           markersEnter.append('polygon').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           markersEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0).attr('cy', 0).attr('rx', 4.5).attr('ry', 2).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           markersEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', 'currentColor').call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');
+           markersEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = d.icon;
 
-       function validationMismatchedGeometry() {
-         var type = 'mismatched_geometry';
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+             }
+           }); // update
 
-         function tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity) {
-           if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) return null;
-           var tagSuggestingArea = entity.tagSuggestingArea();
+           markers.merge(markersEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
+             return d.id === selectedID;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
 
-           if (!tagSuggestingArea) {
-             return null;
-           }
+           if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           var asLine = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'line');
-           var asArea = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'area');
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-           if (asLine && asArea && asLine === asArea) {
-             // these tags also allow lines and making this an area wouldn't matter
-             return null;
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('x', '-10px').attr('y', '-28px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " target ").concat(fillClass, " itemId-").concat(d.id);
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+
+           function sortY(a, b) {
+             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
+         } // Draw the ImproveOSM layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
 
-           return tagSuggestingArea;
-         }
 
-         function makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(way, graph) {
-           // must have at least three nodes to close this automatically
-           if (way.nodes.length < 3) return null;
-           var nodes = graph.childNodes(way),
-               testNodes;
-           var firstToLastDistanceMeters = geoSphericalDistance(nodes[0].loc, nodes[nodes.length - 1].loc); // if the distance is very small, attempt to merge the endpoints
+         function drawImproveOSM(selection) {
+           var service = getService();
+           var surface = context.surface();
 
-           if (firstToLastDistanceMeters < 0.75) {
-             testNodes = nodes.slice(); // shallow copy
+           if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
+             touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
+           }
 
-             testNodes.pop();
-             testNodes.push(testNodes[0]); // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
+           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-improveOSM').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           drawLayer.exit().remove();
+           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-improveOSM').style('display', _layerEnabled$1 ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
 
-             if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
-               return function (context) {
-                 var way = context.entity(this.issue.entityIds[0]);
-                 context.perform(actionMergeNodes([way.nodes[0], way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1]], nodes[0].loc), _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation'));
-               };
+           if (_layerEnabled$1) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               service.loadIssues(projection);
+               updateMarkers();
+             } else {
+               editOff();
              }
-           } // if the points were not merged, attempt to close the way
+           }
+         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
 
-           testNodes = nodes.slice(); // shallow copy
+         drawImproveOSM.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled$1;
+           _layerEnabled$1 = val;
 
-           testNodes.push(testNodes[0]); // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
+           if (_layerEnabled$1) {
+             layerOn();
+           } else {
+             layerOff();
 
-           if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
-             return function (context) {
-               var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-               var way = context.entity(wayId);
-               var nodeId = way.nodes[0];
-               var index = way.nodes.length;
-               context.perform(actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index), _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation'));
-             };
+             if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
            }
-         }
 
-         function lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity) {
-           var tagSuggestingArea = tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity);
-           if (!tagSuggestingArea) return null;
-           return new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: 'area_as_line',
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: function message(context) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-               return entity ? _t.html('issues.tag_suggests_area.message', {
-                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, 'area'),
-                 tag: utilTagText({
-                   tags: tagSuggestingArea
-                 })
-               }) : '';
-             },
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [entity.id],
-             hash: JSON.stringify(tagSuggestingArea),
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
-               var fixes = [];
-               var entity = context.entity(this.entityIds[0]);
-               var connectEndsOnClick = makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(entity, context.graph());
-               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.title'),
-                 onClick: connectEndsOnClick
-               }));
-               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_tag.title'),
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
-                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-                   for (var key in tagSuggestingArea) {
-                     delete tags[key];
-                   }
+         drawImproveOSM.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_tag.annotation'));
-                 }
-               }));
-               return fixes;
-             }
-           });
+         return drawImproveOSM;
+       }
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.tag_suggests_area.reference'));
-           }
-         }
+       var _layerEnabled = false;
 
-         function vertexTaggedAsPointIssue(entity, graph) {
-           // we only care about nodes
-           if (entity.type !== 'node') return null; // ignore tagless points
+       var _qaService;
 
-           if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) return null; // address lines are special so just ignore them
+       function svgOsmose(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           return dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-           if (entity.isOnAddressLine(graph)) return null;
-           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-           var allowedGeometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var touchLayer = select(null);
+         var drawLayer = select(null);
+         var layerVisible = false;
 
-           if (geometry === 'point' && !allowedGeometries.point && allowedGeometries.vertex) {
-             return new validationIssue({
-               type: type,
-               subtype: 'vertex_as_point',
-               severity: 'warning',
-               message: function message(context) {
-                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.vertex_as_point.message', {
-                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, 'vertex')
-                 }) : '';
-               },
-               reference: function showReference(selection) {
-                 selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.vertex_as_point.reference'));
-               },
-               entityIds: [entity.id]
-             });
-           } else if (geometry === 'vertex' && !allowedGeometries.vertex && allowedGeometries.point) {
-             return new validationIssue({
-               type: type,
-               subtype: 'point_as_vertex',
-               severity: 'warning',
-               message: function message(context) {
-                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.point_as_vertex.message', {
-                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, 'point')
-                 }) : '';
-               },
-               reference: function showReference(selection) {
-                 selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.point_as_vertex.reference'));
-               },
-               entityIds: [entity.id],
-               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
-                 var entityId = this.entityIds[0];
-                 var extractOnClick = null;
-
-                 if (!context.hasHiddenConnections(entityId)) {
-                   extractOnClick = function extractOnClick(context) {
-                     var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                     var action = actionExtract(entityId);
-                     context.perform(action, _t('operations.extract.annotation', {
-                       n: 1
-                     })); // re-enter mode to trigger updates
-
-                     context.enter(modeSelect(context, [action.getExtractedNodeID()]));
-                   };
-                 }
+         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
+         } // Loosely-coupled osmose service for fetching issues
 
-                 return [new validationIssueFix({
-                   icon: 'iD-operation-extract',
-                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.extract_point.title'),
-                   onClick: extractOnClick
-                 })];
-               }
-             });
-           }
 
-           return null;
-         }
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.osmose && !_qaService) {
+             _qaService = services.osmose;
 
-         function unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph) {
-           if (entity.type !== 'relation' || !entity.isMultipolygon() || entity.isDegenerate() || // cannot determine issues for incompletely-downloaded relations
-           !entity.isComplete(graph)) return null;
-           var sequences = osmJoinWays(entity.members, graph);
-           var issues = [];
+             _qaService.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.osmose && _qaService) {
+             _qaService = null;
+           }
 
-           for (var i in sequences) {
-             var sequence = sequences[i];
-             if (!sequence.nodes) continue;
-             var firstNode = sequence.nodes[0];
-             var lastNode = sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1]; // part is closed if the first and last nodes are the same
+           return _qaService;
+         } // Show the markers
 
-             if (firstNode === lastNode) continue;
-             var issue = new validationIssue({
-               type: type,
-               subtype: 'unclosed_multipolygon_part',
-               severity: 'warning',
-               message: function message(context) {
-                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.message', {
-                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                 }) : '';
-               },
-               reference: showReference,
-               loc: sequence.nodes[0].loc,
-               entityIds: [entity.id],
-               hash: sequence.map(function (way) {
-                 return way.id;
-               }).join()
-             });
-             issues.push(issue);
+
+         function editOn() {
+           if (!layerVisible) {
+             layerVisible = true;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
            }
+         } // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
 
-           return issues;
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.reference'));
+         function editOff() {
+           if (layerVisible) {
+             layerVisible = false;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').remove();
            }
-         }
-
-         var validation = function checkMismatchedGeometry(entity, graph) {
-           var issues = [vertexTaggedAsPointIssue(entity, graph), lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity)];
-           issues = issues.concat(unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph));
-           return issues.filter(Boolean);
-         };
+         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
 
-       function validationMissingRole() {
-         var type = 'missing_role';
+         function layerOn() {
+           editOn();
+           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             return dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
 
-         var validation = function checkMissingRole(entity, graph) {
-           var issues = [];
 
-           if (entity.type === 'way') {
-             graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (relation) {
-               if (!relation.isMultipolygon()) return;
-               var member = relation.memberById(entity.id);
+         function layerOff() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           drawLayer.interrupt();
+           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').remove();
+           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             editOff();
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Update the issue markers
 
-               if (member && isMissingRole(member)) {
-                 issues.push(makeIssue(entity, relation, member));
-               }
-             });
-           } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
-             entity.indexedMembers().forEach(function (member) {
-               var way = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
 
-               if (way && isMissingRole(member)) {
-                 issues.push(makeIssue(way, entity, member));
-               }
-             });
-           }
+         function updateMarkers() {
+           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled) return;
+           var service = getService();
+           var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
+           var data = service ? service.getItems(projection) : [];
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
 
-           return issues;
-         };
+           var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-         function isMissingRole(member) {
-           return !member.role || !member.role.trim().length;
-         }
+           markers.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         function makeIssue(way, relation, member) {
-           return new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: function message(context) {
-               var member = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]),
-                   relation = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-               return member && relation ? _t.html('issues.missing_role.message', {
-                 member: utilDisplayLabel(member, context.graph()),
-                 relation: utilDisplayLabel(relation, context.graph())
-               }) : '';
-             },
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [relation.id, way.id],
-             data: {
-               member: member
-             },
-             hash: member.index.toString(),
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-               return [makeAddRoleFix('inner'), makeAddRoleFix('outer'), new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_from_relation.title'),
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   context.perform(actionDeleteMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], this.issue.data.member.index), _t('operations.delete_member.annotation', {
-                     n: 1
-                   }));
-                 }
-               })];
-             }
+           var markersEnter = markers.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
            });
+           markersEnter.append('polygon').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           markersEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0).attr('cy', 0).attr('rx', 4.5).attr('ry', 2).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           markersEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', function (d) {
+             return service.getColor(d.item);
+           }).call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');
+           markersEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = d.icon;
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.missing_role.multipolygon.reference'));
-           }
-         }
-
-         function makeAddRoleFix(role) {
-           return new validationIssueFix({
-             title: _t.html('issues.fix.set_as_' + role + '.title'),
-             onClick: function onClick(context) {
-               var oldMember = this.issue.data.member;
-               var member = {
-                 id: this.issue.entityIds[1],
-                 type: oldMember.type,
-                 role: role
-               };
-               context.perform(actionChangeMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], member, oldMember.index), _t('operations.change_role.annotation', {
-                 n: 1
-               }));
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
              }
-           });
-         }
+           }); // update
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
+           markers.merge(markersEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
+             return d.id === selectedID;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
 
-       function validationMissingTag(context) {
-         var type = 'missing_tag';
+           if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink' : 'nocolor';
+           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-         function hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph) {
-           var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(function (k) {
-             if (k === 'area' || k === 'name') {
-               return false;
-             } else {
-               return osmIsInterestingTag(k);
-             }
-           });
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-           if (entity.type === 'relation' && keys.length === 1 && entity.tags.type === 'multipolygon') {
-             // this relation's only interesting tag just says its a multipolygon,
-             // which is not descriptive enough
-             // It's okay for a simple multipolygon to have no descriptive tags
-             // if its outer way has them (old model, see `outdated_tags.js`)
-             return osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph);
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('x', '-10px').attr('y', '-28px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " target ").concat(fillClass, " itemId-").concat(d.id);
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+
+           function sortY(a, b) {
+             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
+         } // Draw the Osmose layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
 
-           return keys.length > 0;
-         }
 
-         function isUnknownRoad(entity) {
-           return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.highway === 'road';
-         }
+         function drawOsmose(selection) {
+           var service = getService();
+           var surface = context.surface();
 
-         function isUntypedRelation(entity) {
-           return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.tags.type;
-         }
+           if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
+             touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
+           }
 
-         var validation = function checkMissingTag(entity, graph) {
-           var subtype;
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           var isUnloadedNode = entity.type === 'node' && osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(entity.loc); // we can't know if the node is a vertex if the tile is undownloaded
+           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osmose').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           drawLayer.exit().remove();
+           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-osmose').style('display', _layerEnabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
 
-           if (!isUnloadedNode && // allow untagged nodes that are part of ways
-           entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex' && // allow untagged entities that are part of relations
-           !entity.hasParentRelations(graph)) {
-             if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) {
-               subtype = 'any';
-             } else if (!hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph)) {
-               subtype = 'descriptive';
-             } else if (isUntypedRelation(entity)) {
-               subtype = 'relation_type';
+           if (_layerEnabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               service.loadIssues(projection);
+               updateMarkers();
+             } else {
+               editOff();
              }
-           } // flag an unknown road even if it's a member of a relation
-
-
-           if (!subtype && isUnknownRoad(entity)) {
-             subtype = 'highway_classification';
            }
+         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
-           if (!subtype) return [];
-           var messageID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag.' + subtype;
-           var referenceID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag'; // can always delete if the user created it in the first place..
-
-           var canDelete = entity.version === undefined || entity.v !== undefined;
-           var severity = canDelete && subtype !== 'highway_classification' ? 'error' : 'warning';
-           return [new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: subtype,
-             severity: severity,
-             message: function message(context) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-               return entity ? _t.html('issues.' + messageID + '.message', {
-                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-               }) : '';
-             },
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [entity.id],
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
-               var fixes = [];
-               var selectFixType = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'select_road_type' : 'select_preset';
-               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-icon-search',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + selectFixType + '.title'),
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   context.ui().sidebar.showPresetList();
-                 }
-               }));
-               var deleteOnClick;
-               var id = this.entityIds[0];
-               var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
-               var disabledReasonID = operation.disabled();
 
-               if (!disabledReasonID) {
-                 deleteOnClick = function deleteOnClick(context) {
-                   var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                   var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
+         drawOsmose.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled;
+           _layerEnabled = val;
 
-                   if (!operation.disabled()) {
-                     operation();
-                   }
-                 };
-               }
+           if (_layerEnabled) {
+             // Strings supplied by Osmose fetched before showing layer for first time
+             // NOTE: Currently no way to change locale in iD at runtime, would need to re-call this method if that's ever implemented
+             // Also, If layer is toggled quickly multiple requests are sent
+             getService().loadStrings().then(layerOn)["catch"](function (err) {
+               console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+             });
+           } else {
+             layerOff();
 
-               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
-                 disabledReason: disabledReasonID ? _t('operations.delete.' + disabledReasonID + '.single') : undefined,
-                 onClick: deleteOnClick
-               }));
-               return fixes;
+             if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
-           })];
-
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
            }
-         };
-
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
 
-       var simplify = function simplify(str) {
-         return diacritics.remove(str.replace(/&/g, 'and').replace(/[\s\-=_!"#%'*{},.\/:;?\(\)\[\]@\\$\^*+<>~`’\u00a1\u00a7\u00b6\u00b7\u00bf\u037e\u0387\u055a-\u055f\u0589\u05c0\u05c3\u05c6\u05f3\u05f4\u0609\u060a\u060c\u060d\u061b\u061e\u061f\u066a-\u066d\u06d4\u0700-\u070d\u07f7-\u07f9\u0830-\u083e\u085e\u0964\u0965\u0970\u0af0\u0df4\u0e4f\u0e5a\u0e5b\u0f04-\u0f12\u0f14\u0f85\u0fd0-\u0fd4\u0fd9\u0fda\u104a-\u104f\u10fb\u1360-\u1368\u166d\u166e\u16eb-\u16ed\u1735\u1736\u17d4-\u17d6\u17d8-\u17da\u1800-\u1805\u1807-\u180a\u1944\u1945\u1a1e\u1a1f\u1aa0-\u1aa6\u1aa8-\u1aad\u1b5a-\u1b60\u1bfc-\u1bff\u1c3b-\u1c3f\u1c7e\u1c7f\u1cc0-\u1cc7\u1cd3\u2016\u2017\u2020-\u2027\u2030-\u2038\u203b-\u203e\u2041-\u2043\u2047-\u2051\u2053\u2055-\u205e\u2cf9-\u2cfc\u2cfe\u2cff\u2d70\u2e00\u2e01\u2e06-\u2e08\u2e0b\u2e0e-\u2e16\u2e18\u2e19\u2e1b\u2e1e\u2e1f\u2e2a-\u2e2e\u2e30-\u2e39\u3001-\u3003\u303d\u30fb\ua4fe\ua4ff\ua60d-\ua60f\ua673\ua67e\ua6f2-\ua6f7\ua874-\ua877\ua8ce\ua8cf\ua8f8-\ua8fa\ua92e\ua92f\ua95f\ua9c1-\ua9cd\ua9de\ua9df\uaa5c-\uaa5f\uaade\uaadf\uaaf0\uaaf1\uabeb\ufe10-\ufe16\ufe19\ufe30\ufe45\ufe46\ufe49-\ufe4c\ufe50-\ufe52\ufe54-\ufe57\ufe5f-\ufe61\ufe68\ufe6a\ufe6b\uff01-\uff03\uff05-\uff07\uff0a\uff0c\uff0e\uff0f\uff1a\uff1b\uff1f\uff20\uff3c\uff61\uff64\uff65]+/g, '').toLowerCase());
-       };
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-       // {
-       //   kvnd:        "amenity/fast_food|Thaï Express~(North America)",
-       //   kvn:         "amenity/fast_food|Thaï Express",
-       //   kv:          "amenity/fast_food",
-       //   k:           "amenity",
-       //   v:           "fast_food",
-       //   n:           "Thaï Express",
-       //   d:           "(North America)",
-       //   nsimple:     "thaiexpress",
-       //   kvnnsimple:  "amenity/fast_food|thaiexpress"
-       // }
+         drawOsmose.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-       var to_parts = function to_parts(kvnd) {
-         var parts = {};
-         parts.kvnd = kvnd;
-         var kvndparts = kvnd.split('~', 2);
-         if (kvndparts.length > 1) parts.d = kvndparts[1];
-         parts.kvn = kvndparts[0];
-         var kvnparts = parts.kvn.split('|', 2);
-         if (kvnparts.length > 1) parts.n = kvnparts[1];
-         parts.kv = kvnparts[0];
-         var kvparts = parts.kv.split('/', 2);
-         parts.k = kvparts[0];
-         parts.v = kvparts[1];
-         parts.nsimple = simplify(parts.n);
-         parts.kvnsimple = parts.kv + '|' + parts.nsimple;
-         return parts;
-       };
+         return drawOsmose;
+       }
 
-       var matchGroups = {adult_gaming_centre:["amenity/casino","amenity/gambling","leisure/adult_gaming_centre"],beauty:["shop/beauty","shop/hairdresser_supply"],bed:["shop/bed","shop/furniture"],beverages:["shop/alcohol","shop/beverages"],camping:["leisure/park","tourism/camp_site","tourism/caravan_site"],car_parts:["shop/car_parts","shop/car_repair","shop/tires","shop/tyres"],confectionery:["shop/candy","shop/chocolate","shop/confectionery"],convenience:["shop/beauty","shop/chemist","shop/convenience","shop/cosmetics","shop/newsagent"],coworking:["amenity/coworking_space","office/coworking","office/coworking_space"],electronics:["office/telecommunication","shop/computer","shop/electronics","shop/hifi","shop/mobile","shop/mobile_phone","shop/telecommunication"],fashion:["shop/accessories","shop/bag","shop/botique","shop/clothes","shop/department_store","shop/fashion","shop/fashion_accessories","shop/sports","shop/shoes"],financial:["amenity/bank","office/accountant","office/financial","office/financial_advisor","office/tax_advisor","shop/tax"],fitness:["leisure/fitness_centre","leisure/fitness_center","leisure/sports_centre","leisure/sports_center"],food:["amenity/cafe","amenity/fast_food","amenity/ice_cream","amenity/restaurant","shop/bakery","shop/ice_cream","shop/pastry","shop/tea","shop/coffee"],fuel:["amenity/fuel","shop/gas","shop/convenience;gas","shop/gas;convenience"],gift:["shop/gift","shop/card","shop/cards","shop/stationery"],hardware:["shop/carpet","shop/diy","shop/doityourself","shop/doors","shop/electrical","shop/flooring","shop/hardware","shop/power_tools","shop/tool_hire","shop/tools","shop/trade"],health_food:["shop/health","shop/health_food","shop/herbalist","shop/nutrition_supplements"],houseware:["shop/houseware","shop/interior_decoration"],lodging:["tourism/hotel","tourism/motel"],money_transfer:["amenity/money_transfer","shop/money_transfer"],outdoor:["shop/outdoor","shop/sports"],rental:["amenity/bicycle_rental","amenity/boat_rental","amenity/car_rental","amenity/truck_rental","amenity/vehicle_rental","shop/rental"],school:["amenity/childcare","amenity/college","amenity/kindergarten","amenity/language_school","amenity/prep_school","amenity/school","amenity/university"],supermarket:["shop/food","shop/frozen_food","shop/greengrocer","shop/grocery","shop/supermarket","shop/wholesale"],variety_store:["shop/variety_store","shop/supermarket","shop/discount","shop/convenience"],vending:["amenity/vending_machine","shop/vending_machine"],wholesale:["shop/wholesale","shop/supermarket","shop/department_store"]};
-       var require$$0 = {
-       matchGroups: matchGroups
-       };
+       function svgStreetside(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-       var matchGroups$1 = require$$0.matchGroups;
+         var minZoom = 14;
+         var minMarkerZoom = 16;
+         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
+         var layer = select(null);
+         var _viewerYaw = 0;
+         var _selectedSequence = null;
 
-       var matcher$1 = function matcher() {
-         var _warnings = []; // array of match conflict pairs
+         var _streetside;
+         /**
+          * init().
+          */
 
-         var _ambiguous = {};
-         var _matchIndex = {};
-         var matcher = {}; // Create an index of all the keys/simplenames for fast matching
 
-         matcher.buildMatchIndex = function (brands) {
-           // two passes - once for primary names, once for secondary/alternate names
-           Object.keys(brands).forEach(function (kvnd) {
-             return insertNames(kvnd, 'primary');
-           });
-           Object.keys(brands).forEach(function (kvnd) {
-             return insertNames(kvnd, 'secondary');
-           });
+         function init() {
+           if (svgStreetside.initialized) return; // run once
 
-           function insertNames(kvnd, which) {
-             var obj = brands[kvnd];
-             var parts = to_parts(kvnd); // Exit early for ambiguous names in the second pass.
-             // They were collected in the first pass and we don't gather alt names for them.
+           svgStreetside.enabled = false;
+           svgStreetside.initialized = true;
+         }
+         /**
+          * getService().
+          */
 
-             if (which === 'secondary' && parts.d) return;
 
-             if (obj.countryCodes) {
-               parts.countryCodes = obj.countryCodes.slice(); // copy
-             }
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.streetside && !_streetside) {
+             _streetside = services.streetside;
 
-             var nomatches = obj.nomatch || [];
+             _streetside.event.on('viewerChanged.svgStreetside', viewerChanged).on('loadedImages.svgStreetside', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.streetside && _streetside) {
+             _streetside = null;
+           }
 
-             if (nomatches.some(function (s) {
-               return s === kvnd;
-             })) {
-               console.log("WARNING match/nomatch conflict for ".concat(kvnd));
-               return;
-             }
+           return _streetside;
+         }
+         /**
+          * showLayer().
+          */
 
-             var match_kv = [parts.kv].concat(obj.matchTags || []).concat(["".concat(parts.k, "/yes"), "building/yes"]) // #3454 - match some generic tags
-             .map(function (s) {
-               return s.toLowerCase();
-             });
-             var match_nsimple = [];
 
-             if (which === 'primary') {
-               match_nsimple = [parts.n].concat(obj.matchNames || []).concat(obj.tags.official_name || []) // #2732 - match alternate names
-               .map(simplify);
-             } else if (which === 'secondary') {
-               match_nsimple = [].concat(obj.tags.alt_name || []) // #2732 - match alternate names
-               .concat(obj.tags.short_name || []) // #2732 - match alternate names
-               .map(simplify);
-             }
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           editOn();
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
+         /**
+          * hideLayer().
+          */
 
-             if (!match_nsimple.length) return; // nothing to do
 
-             match_kv.forEach(function (kv) {
-               match_nsimple.forEach(function (nsimple) {
-                 if (parts.d) {
-                   // Known ambiguous names with disambiguation string ~(USA) / ~(Canada)
-                   // FIXME: Name collisions will overwrite the initial entry (ok for now)
-                   if (!_ambiguous[kv]) _ambiguous[kv] = {};
-                   _ambiguous[kv][nsimple] = parts;
-                 } else {
-                   // Names we mostly expect to be unique..
-                   if (!_matchIndex[kv]) _matchIndex[kv] = {};
-                   var m = _matchIndex[kv][nsimple];
-
-                   if (m) {
-                     // There already is a match for this name, skip it
-                     // Warn if we detect collisions in a primary name.
-                     // Skip warning if a secondary name or a generic `*=yes` tag - #2972 / #3454
-                     if (which === 'primary' && !/\/yes$/.test(kv)) {
-                       _warnings.push([m.kvnd, "".concat(kvnd, " (").concat(kv, "/").concat(nsimple, ")")]);
-                     }
-                   } else {
-                     _matchIndex[kv][nsimple] = parts; // insert
-                   }
-                 }
-               });
-             });
-           }
-         }; // pass a `key`, `value`, `name` and return the best match,
-         // `countryCode` optional (if supplied, must match that too)
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', editOff);
+         }
+         /**
+          * editOn().
+          */
 
 
-         matcher.matchKVN = function (key, value, name, countryCode) {
-           return matcher.matchParts(to_parts("".concat(key, "/").concat(value, "|").concat(name)), countryCode);
-         }; // pass a parts object and return the best match,
-         // `countryCode` optional (if supplied, must match that too)
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
+         /**
+          * editOff().
+          */
 
 
-         matcher.matchParts = function (parts, countryCode) {
-           var match = null;
-           var inGroup = false; // fixme: we currently return a single match for ambiguous
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
+         /**
+          * click() Handles 'bubble' point click event.
+          */
 
-           match = _ambiguous[parts.kv] && _ambiguous[parts.kv][parts.nsimple];
-           if (match && matchesCountryCode(match)) return match; // try to return an exact match
 
-           match = _matchIndex[parts.kv] && _matchIndex[parts.kv][parts.nsimple];
-           if (match && matchesCountryCode(match)) return match; // look in match groups
+         function click(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return; // try to preserve the viewer rotation when staying on the same sequence
 
-           for (var mg in matchGroups$1) {
-             var matchGroup = matchGroups$1[mg];
-             match = null;
-             inGroup = false;
+           if (d.sequenceKey !== _selectedSequence) {
+             _viewerYaw = 0; // reset
+           }
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < matchGroup.length; i++) {
-               var otherkv = matchGroup[i].toLowerCase();
+           _selectedSequence = d.sequenceKey;
+           service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+             service.selectImage(context, d.key).yaw(_viewerYaw).showViewer(context);
+           });
+           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
+         }
+         /**
+          * mouseover().
+          */
 
-               if (!inGroup) {
-                 inGroup = otherkv === parts.kv;
-               }
 
-               if (!match) {
-                 // fixme: we currently return a single match for ambiguous
-                 match = _ambiguous[otherkv] && _ambiguous[otherkv][parts.nsimple];
-               }
+         function mouseover(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
+         }
+         /**
+          * mouseout().
+          */
 
-               if (!match) {
-                 match = _matchIndex[otherkv] && _matchIndex[otherkv][parts.nsimple];
-               }
 
-               if (match && !matchesCountryCode(match)) {
-                 match = null;
-               }
+         function mouseout() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
+         }
+         /**
+          * transform().
+          */
 
-               if (inGroup && match) {
-                 return match;
-               }
-             }
-           }
 
-           return null;
+         function transform(d) {
+           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
+           var rot = d.ca + _viewerYaw;
 
-           function matchesCountryCode(match) {
-             if (!countryCode) return true;
-             if (!match.countryCodes) return true;
-             return match.countryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) !== -1;
+           if (rot) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(rot) + ',0,0)';
            }
-         };
-
-         matcher.getWarnings = function () {
-           return _warnings;
-         };
 
-         return matcher;
-       };
+           return t;
+         }
 
-       var fromCharCode = String.fromCharCode;
-       var nativeFromCodePoint = String.fromCodePoint;
+         function viewerChanged() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           var viewer = service.viewer();
+           if (!viewer) return; // update viewfield rotation
 
-       // length should be 1, old FF problem
-       var INCORRECT_LENGTH = !!nativeFromCodePoint && nativeFromCodePoint.length != 1;
+           _viewerYaw = viewer.getYaw(); // avoid updating if the map is currently transformed
+           // e.g. during drags or easing.
 
-       // `String.fromCodePoint` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-string.fromcodepoint
-       _export({ target: 'String', stat: true, forced: INCORRECT_LENGTH }, {
-         fromCodePoint: function fromCodePoint(x) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
-           var elements = [];
-           var length = arguments.length;
-           var i = 0;
-           var code;
-           while (length > i) {
-             code = +arguments[i++];
-             if (toAbsoluteIndex(code, 0x10FFFF) !== code) throw RangeError(code + ' is not a valid code point');
-             elements.push(code < 0x10000
-               ? fromCharCode(code)
-               : fromCharCode(((code -= 0x10000) >> 10) + 0xD800, code % 0x400 + 0xDC00)
-             );
-           } return elements.join('');
+           if (context.map().isTransformed()) return;
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView').attr('transform', transform);
          }
-       });
 
-       var quickselect$2 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-         (function (global, factory) {
-            module.exports = factory() ;
-         })(commonjsGlobal, function () {
+         function filterBubbles(bubbles) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
 
-           function quickselect(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
-             quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || arr.length - 1, compare || defaultCompare);
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             bubbles = bubbles.filter(function (bubble) {
+               return new Date(bubble.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
-           function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
-             while (right > left) {
-               if (right - left > 600) {
-                 var n = right - left + 1;
-                 var m = k - left + 1;
-                 var z = Math.log(n);
-                 var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
-                 var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
-                 var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
-                 var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
-                 quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
-               }
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             bubbles = bubbles.filter(function (bubble) {
+               return new Date(bubble.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
+           }
 
-               var t = arr[k];
-               var i = left;
-               var j = right;
-               swap(arr, left, k);
-               if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) swap(arr, left, right);
+           if (usernames) {
+             bubbles = bubbles.filter(function (bubble) {
+               return usernames.indexOf(bubble.captured_by) !== -1;
+             });
+           }
 
-               while (i < j) {
-                 swap(arr, i, j);
-                 i++;
-                 j--;
+           return bubbles;
+         }
 
-                 while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) {
-                   i++;
-                 }
+         function filterSequences(sequences) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
 
-                 while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) {
-                   j--;
-                 }
-               }
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequences) {
+               return new Date(sequences.properties.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
+           }
 
-               if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) swap(arr, left, j);else {
-                 j++;
-                 swap(arr, j, right);
-               }
-               if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
-               if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
-             }
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequences) {
+               return new Date(sequences.properties.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
-           function swap(arr, i, j) {
-             var tmp = arr[i];
-             arr[i] = arr[j];
-             arr[j] = tmp;
+           if (usernames) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequences) {
+               return usernames.indexOf(sequences.properties.captured_by) !== -1;
+             });
            }
 
-           function defaultCompare(a, b) {
-             return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
+           return sequences;
+         }
+         /**
+          * update().
+          */
+
+
+         function update() {
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
+           var showMarkers = z >= minMarkerZoom;
+           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
+           var service = getService();
+           var sequences = [];
+           var bubbles = [];
+
+           if (context.photos().showsPanoramic()) {
+             sequences = service ? service.sequences(projection) : [];
+             bubbles = service && showMarkers ? service.bubbles(projection) : [];
+             sequences = filterSequences(sequences);
+             bubbles = filterBubbles(bubbles);
            }
 
-           return quickselect;
-         });
-       });
+           var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence').data(sequences, function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key;
+           }); // exit
 
-       var rbush_1 = rbush;
-       var _default$2 = rbush;
+           traces.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-       function rbush(maxEntries, format) {
-         if (!(this instanceof rbush)) return new rbush(maxEntries, format); // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
+           traces = traces.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'sequence').merge(traces).attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(bubbles, function (d) {
+             // force reenter once bubbles are attached to a sequence
+             return d.key + (d.sequenceKey ? 'v1' : 'v0');
+           }); // exit
 
-         this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries || 9);
-         this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         if (format) {
-           this._initFormat(format);
-         }
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group').on('mouseenter', mouseover).on('mouseleave', mouseout).on('click', click);
+           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
 
-         this.clear();
-       }
+           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a === selected ? 1 : b === selected ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+           }).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
+           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
+           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
+           viewfields.exit().remove(); // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
+           // but if they are, draw below the circles
 
-       rbush.prototype = {
-         all: function all() {
-           return this._all(this.data, []);
-         },
-         search: function search(bbox) {
-           var node = this.data,
-               result = [],
-               toBBox = this.toBBox;
-           if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) return result;
-           var nodesToSearch = [],
-               i,
-               len,
-               child,
-               childBBox;
+           viewfields.enter().insert('path', 'circle').attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
 
-           while (node) {
-             for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
-               child = node.children[i];
-               childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
+           function viewfieldPath() {
+             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
 
-               if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
-                 if (node.leaf) result.push(child);else if (contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) this._all(child, result);else nodesToSearch.push(child);
-               }
+             if (d.pano) {
+               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+             } else {
+               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
              }
-
-             node = nodesToSearch.pop();
            }
+         }
+         /**
+          * drawImages()
+          * drawImages is the method that is returned (and that runs) every time 'svgStreetside()' is called.
+          * 'svgStreetside()' is called from index.js
+          */
 
-           return result;
-         },
-         collides: function collides(bbox) {
-           var node = this.data,
-               toBBox = this.toBBox;
-           if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) return false;
-           var nodesToSearch = [],
-               i,
-               len,
-               child,
-               childBBox;
 
-           while (node) {
-             for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
-               child = node.children[i];
-               childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
+         function drawImages(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgStreetside.enabled;
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-streetside-images').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-streetside-images').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'sequences');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-               if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
-                 if (node.leaf || contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) return true;
-                 nodesToSearch.push(child);
-               }
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadBubbles(projection);
+             } else {
+               editOff();
              }
+           }
+         }
+         /**
+          * drawImages.enabled().
+          */
 
-             node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+
+         drawImages.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgStreetside.enabled;
+           svgStreetside.enabled = _;
+
+           if (svgStreetside.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.streetside', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.streetside', null);
            }
 
-           return false;
-         },
-         load: function load(data) {
-           if (!(data && data.length)) return this;
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
+         /**
+          * drawImages.supported().
+          */
 
-           if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
-             for (var i = 0, len = data.length; i < len; i++) {
-               this.insert(data[i]);
-             }
 
-             return this;
-           } // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
+         drawImages.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
+         init();
+         return drawImages;
+       }
 
-           var node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);
+       function svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-           if (!this.data.children.length) {
-             // save as is if tree is empty
-             this.data = node;
-           } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
-             // split root if trees have the same height
-             this._splitRoot(this.data, node);
-           } else {
-             if (this.data.height < node.height) {
-               // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
-               var tmpNode = this.data;
-               this.data = node;
-               node = tmpNode;
-             } // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var minMarkerZoom = 16;
+         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
+         var layer = select(null);
+
+         var _mapillary;
 
+         function init() {
+           if (svgMapillaryImages.initialized) return; // run once
 
-             this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
+           svgMapillaryImages.enabled = false;
+           svgMapillaryImages.initialized = true;
+         }
+
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
+
+             _mapillary.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = null;
            }
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         insert: function insert(item) {
-           if (item) this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1);
-           return this;
-         },
-         clear: function clear() {
-           this.data = createNode$1([]);
-           return this;
-         },
-         remove: function remove(item, equalsFn) {
-           if (!item) return this;
-           var node = this.data,
-               bbox = this.toBBox(item),
-               path = [],
-               indexes = [],
-               i,
-               parent,
-               index,
-               goingUp; // depth-first iterative tree traversal
+           return _mapillary;
+         }
 
-           while (node || path.length) {
-             if (!node) {
-               // go up
-               node = path.pop();
-               parent = path[path.length - 1];
-               i = indexes.pop();
-               goingUp = true;
-             }
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           editOn();
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
 
-             if (node.leaf) {
-               // check current node
-               index = findItem$1(item, node.children, equalsFn);
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', editOff);
+         }
 
-               if (index !== -1) {
-                 // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
-                 node.children.splice(index, 1);
-                 path.push(node);
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
-                 this._condense(path);
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
 
-                 return this;
-               }
-             }
+         function click(d3_event, image) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+             service.selectImage(context, image.id).showViewer(context);
+           });
+           context.map().centerEase(image.loc);
+         }
 
-             if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains$1(node, bbox)) {
-               // go down
-               path.push(node);
-               indexes.push(i);
-               i = 0;
-               parent = node;
-               node = node.children[0];
-             } else if (parent) {
-               // go right
-               i++;
-               node = parent.children[i];
-               goingUp = false;
-             } else node = null; // nothing found
+         function mouseover(d3_event, image) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, image);
+         }
 
-           }
+         function mouseout() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
+         }
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         toBBox: function toBBox(item) {
-           return item;
-         },
-         compareMinX: compareNodeMinX$1,
-         compareMinY: compareNodeMinY$1,
-         toJSON: function toJSON() {
-           return this.data;
-         },
-         fromJSON: function fromJSON(data) {
-           this.data = data;
-           return this;
-         },
-         _all: function _all(node, result) {
-           var nodesToSearch = [];
+         function transform(d) {
+           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
 
-           while (node) {
-             if (node.leaf) result.push.apply(result, node.children);else nodesToSearch.push.apply(nodesToSearch, node.children);
-             node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+           if (d.ca) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
            }
 
-           return result;
-         },
-         _build: function _build(items, left, right, height) {
-           var N = right - left + 1,
-               M = this._maxEntries,
-               node;
+           return t;
+         }
 
-           if (N <= M) {
-             // reached leaf level; return leaf
-             node = createNode$1(items.slice(left, right + 1));
-             calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
-             return node;
+         function filterImages(images) {
+           var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
+           var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+
+           if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
+             images = images.filter(function (image) {
+               if (image.is_pano) return showsPano;
+               return showsFlat;
+             });
            }
 
-           if (!height) {
-             // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
-             height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M)); // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
+           if (fromDate) {
+             images = images.filter(function (image) {
+               return new Date(image.captured_at).getTime() >= new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             });
+           }
 
-             M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
+           if (toDate) {
+             images = images.filter(function (image) {
+               return new Date(image.captured_at).getTime() <= new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             });
            }
 
-           node = createNode$1([]);
-           node.leaf = false;
-           node.height = height; // split the items into M mostly square tiles
+           return images;
+         }
 
-           var N2 = Math.ceil(N / M),
-               N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M)),
-               i,
-               j,
-               right2,
-               right3;
-           multiSelect$1(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);
+         function filterSequences(sequences) {
+           var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
+           var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
 
-           for (i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {
-             right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);
-             multiSelect$1(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);
+           if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
+               if (sequence.properties.hasOwnProperty('is_pano')) {
+                 if (sequence.properties.is_pano) return showsPano;
+                 return showsFlat;
+               }
 
-             for (j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {
-               right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2); // pack each entry recursively
+               return false;
+             });
+           }
 
-               node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
-             }
+           if (fromDate) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
+               return new Date(sequence.properties.captured_at).getTime() >= new Date(fromDate).getTime().toString();
+             });
            }
 
-           calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
-           return node;
-         },
-         _chooseSubtree: function _chooseSubtree(bbox, node, level, path) {
-           var i, len, child, targetNode, area, enlargement, minArea, minEnlargement;
+           if (toDate) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
+               return new Date(sequence.properties.captured_at).getTime() <= new Date(toDate).getTime().toString();
+             });
+           }
 
-           while (true) {
-             path.push(node);
-             if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) break;
-             minArea = minEnlargement = Infinity;
+           return sequences;
+         }
 
-             for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
-               child = node.children[i];
-               area = bboxArea$1(child);
-               enlargement = enlargedArea$1(bbox, child) - area; // choose entry with the least area enlargement
+         function update() {
+           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
+           var showMarkers = z >= minMarkerZoom;
+           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
+           var service = getService();
+           var sequences = service ? service.sequences(projection) : [];
+           var images = service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : [];
+           images = filterImages(images);
+           sequences = filterSequences(sequences);
+           service.filterViewer(context);
+           var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence').data(sequences, function (d) {
+             return d.properties.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
-                 minEnlargement = enlargement;
-                 minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
-                 targetNode = child;
-               } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
-                 // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
-                 if (area < minArea) {
-                   minArea = area;
-                   targetNode = child;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+           traces.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-             node = targetNode || node.children[0];
-           }
+           traces = traces.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'sequence').merge(traces).attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(images, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           return node;
-         },
-         _insert: function _insert(item, level, isNode) {
-           var toBBox = this.toBBox,
-               bbox = isNode ? item : toBBox(item),
-               insertPath = []; // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           var node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath); // put the item into the node
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group').on('mouseenter', mouseover).on('mouseleave', mouseout).on('click', click);
+           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
 
+           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
+           }).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
+           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
+           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
+           viewfields.exit().remove();
+           viewfields.enter() // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
+           .insert('path', 'circle') // but if they are, draw below the circles
+           .attr('class', 'viewfield').classed('pano', function () {
+             return this.parentNode.__data__.is_pano;
+           }).attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
 
-           node.children.push(item);
-           extend$3(node, bbox); // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
+           function viewfieldPath() {
+             if (this.parentNode.__data__.is_pano) {
+               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+             } else {
+               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           while (level >= 0) {
-             if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
-               this._split(insertPath, level);
+         function drawImages(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgMapillaryImages.enabled;
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'sequences');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-               level--;
-             } else break;
-           } // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadImages(projection);
+             } else {
+               editOff();
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
+         drawImages.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillaryImages.enabled;
+           svgMapillaryImages.enabled = _;
 
-           this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
-         },
-         // split overflowed node into two
-         _split: function _split(insertPath, level) {
-           var node = insertPath[level],
-               M = node.children.length,
-               m = this._minEntries;
+           if (svgMapillaryImages.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_images', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_images', null);
+           }
 
-           this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           var splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);
+         drawImages.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-           var newNode = createNode$1(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
-           newNode.height = node.height;
-           newNode.leaf = node.leaf;
-           calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
-           calcBBox$1(newNode, this.toBBox);
-           if (level) insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode);else this._splitRoot(node, newNode);
-         },
-         _splitRoot: function _splitRoot(node, newNode) {
-           // split root node
-           this.data = createNode$1([node, newNode]);
-           this.data.height = node.height + 1;
-           this.data.leaf = false;
-           calcBBox$1(this.data, this.toBBox);
-         },
-         _chooseSplitIndex: function _chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M) {
-           var i, bbox1, bbox2, overlap, area, minOverlap, minArea, index;
-           minOverlap = minArea = Infinity;
+         init();
+         return drawImages;
+       }
 
-           for (i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
-             bbox1 = distBBox$1(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
-             bbox2 = distBBox$1(node, i, M, this.toBBox);
-             overlap = intersectionArea$1(bbox1, bbox2);
-             area = bboxArea$1(bbox1) + bboxArea$1(bbox2); // choose distribution with minimum overlap
+       function svgMapillaryPosition(projection, context) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           update();
+         }, 1000);
 
-             if (overlap < minOverlap) {
-               minOverlap = overlap;
-               index = i;
-               minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
-             } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
-               // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
-               if (area < minArea) {
-                 minArea = area;
-                 index = i;
-               }
-             }
-           }
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-           return index;
-         },
-         // sorts node children by the best axis for split
-         _chooseSplitAxis: function _chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M) {
-           var compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX$1,
-               compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY$1,
-               xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX),
-               yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY); // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
-           // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
+         var _mapillary;
 
+         var viewerCompassAngle;
 
-           if (xMargin < yMargin) node.children.sort(compareMinX);
-         },
-         // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
-         _allDistMargin: function _allDistMargin(node, m, M, compare) {
-           node.children.sort(compare);
-           var toBBox = this.toBBox,
-               leftBBox = distBBox$1(node, 0, m, toBBox),
-               rightBBox = distBBox$1(node, M - m, M, toBBox),
-               margin = bboxMargin$1(leftBBox) + bboxMargin$1(rightBBox),
-               i,
-               child;
+         function init() {
+           if (svgMapillaryPosition.initialized) return; // run once
 
-           for (i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
-             child = node.children[i];
-             extend$3(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
-             margin += bboxMargin$1(leftBBox);
-           }
+           svgMapillaryPosition.initialized = true;
+         }
 
-           for (i = M - m - 1; i >= m; i--) {
-             child = node.children[i];
-             extend$3(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
-             margin += bboxMargin$1(rightBBox);
-           }
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
 
-           return margin;
-         },
-         _adjustParentBBoxes: function _adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, path, level) {
-           // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
-           for (var i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
-             extend$3(path[i], bbox);
-           }
-         },
-         _condense: function _condense(path) {
-           // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
-           for (var i = path.length - 1, siblings; i >= 0; i--) {
-             if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
-               if (i > 0) {
-                 siblings = path[i - 1].children;
-                 siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);
-               } else this.clear();
-             } else calcBBox$1(path[i], this.toBBox);
+             _mapillary.event.on('imageChanged', throttledRedraw);
+
+             _mapillary.event.on('bearingChanged', function (e) {
+               viewerCompassAngle = e.bearing;
+               if (context.map().isTransformed()) return;
+               layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView').filter(function (d) {
+                 return d.is_pano;
+               }).attr('transform', transform);
+             });
+           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = null;
            }
-         },
-         _initFormat: function _initFormat(format) {
-           // data format (minX, minY, maxX, maxY accessors)
-           // uses eval-type function compilation instead of just accepting a toBBox function
-           // because the algorithms are very sensitive to sorting functions performance,
-           // so they should be dead simple and without inner calls
-           var compareArr = ['return a', ' - b', ';'];
-           this.compareMinX = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[0]));
-           this.compareMinY = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[1]));
-           this.toBBox = new Function('a', 'return {minX: a' + format[0] + ', minY: a' + format[1] + ', maxX: a' + format[2] + ', maxY: a' + format[3] + '};');
+
+           return _mapillary;
          }
-       };
 
-       function findItem$1(item, items, equalsFn) {
-         if (!equalsFn) return items.indexOf(item);
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
-           if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) return i;
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
          }
 
-         return -1;
-       } // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
+         function transform(d) {
+           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
+
+           if (d.is_pano && viewerCompassAngle !== null && isFinite(viewerCompassAngle)) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(viewerCompassAngle) + ',0,0)';
+           } else if (d.ca) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
+           }
 
+           return t;
+         }
 
-       function calcBBox$1(node, toBBox) {
-         distBBox$1(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
-       } // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
+         function update() {
+           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
+           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
+           var service = getService();
+           var image = service && service.getActiveImage();
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(image ? [image] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-       function distBBox$1(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
-         if (!destNode) destNode = createNode$1(null);
-         destNode.minX = Infinity;
-         destNode.minY = Infinity;
-         destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
-         destNode.maxY = -Infinity;
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group currentView highlighted');
+           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
 
-         for (var i = k, child; i < p; i++) {
-           child = node.children[i];
-           extend$3(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
+           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
+           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
+           viewfields.exit().remove();
+           viewfields.enter().insert('path', 'circle').attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z');
          }
 
-         return destNode;
-       }
-
-       function extend$3(a, b) {
-         a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
-         a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
-         a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
-         a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
-         return a;
-       }
+         function drawImages(selection) {
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-position').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-position');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-       function compareNodeMinX$1(a, b) {
-         return a.minX - b.minX;
-       }
+           if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+             editOn();
+             update();
+           } else {
+             editOff();
+           }
+         }
 
-       function compareNodeMinY$1(a, b) {
-         return a.minY - b.minY;
-       }
+         drawImages.enabled = function () {
+           update();
+           return this;
+         };
 
-       function bboxArea$1(a) {
-         return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY);
-       }
+         drawImages.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-       function bboxMargin$1(a) {
-         return a.maxX - a.minX + (a.maxY - a.minY);
+         init();
+         return drawImages;
        }
 
-       function enlargedArea$1(a, b) {
-         return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) * (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
-       }
+       function svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-       function intersectionArea$1(a, b) {
-         var minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX),
-             minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY),
-             maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX),
-             maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);
-         return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) * Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
-       }
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-       function contains$1(a, b) {
-         return a.minX <= b.minX && a.minY <= b.minY && b.maxX <= a.maxX && b.maxY <= a.maxY;
-       }
+         var _mapillary;
 
-       function intersects$1(a, b) {
-         return b.minX <= a.maxX && b.minY <= a.maxY && b.maxX >= a.minX && b.maxY >= a.minY;
-       }
+         function init() {
+           if (svgMapillarySigns.initialized) return; // run once
 
-       function createNode$1(children) {
-         return {
-           children: children,
-           height: 1,
-           leaf: true,
-           minX: Infinity,
-           minY: Infinity,
-           maxX: -Infinity,
-           maxY: -Infinity
-         };
-       } // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
-       // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach
+           svgMapillarySigns.enabled = false;
+           svgMapillarySigns.initialized = true;
+         }
 
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
 
-       function multiSelect$1(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
-         var stack = [left, right],
-             mid;
+             _mapillary.event.on('loadedSigns', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = null;
+           }
 
-         while (stack.length) {
-           right = stack.pop();
-           left = stack.pop();
-           if (right - left <= n) continue;
-           mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
-           quickselect$2(arr, mid, left, right, compare);
-           stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
+           return _mapillary;
          }
-       }
-       rbush_1["default"] = _default$2;
 
-       var lineclip_1$1 = lineclip$1;
-       lineclip$1.polyline = lineclip$1;
-       lineclip$1.polygon = polygonclip$1; // Cohen-Sutherland line clippign algorithm, adapted to efficiently
-       // handle polylines rather than just segments
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           service.loadSignResources(context);
+           editOn();
+         }
 
-       function lineclip$1(points, bbox, result) {
-         var len = points.length,
-             codeA = bitCode$1(points[0], bbox),
-             part = [],
-             i,
-             a,
-             b,
-             codeB,
-             lastCode;
-         if (!result) result = [];
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           editOff();
+         }
 
-         for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
-           a = points[i - 1];
-           b = points[i];
-           codeB = lastCode = bitCode$1(b, bbox);
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
-           while (true) {
-             if (!(codeA | codeB)) {
-               // accept
-               part.push(a);
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.icon-sign').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
 
-               if (codeB !== lastCode) {
-                 // segment went outside
-                 part.push(b);
+         function click(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
+           var selectedImageId = service.getActiveImage() && service.getActiveImage().id;
+           service.getDetections(d.id).then(function (detections) {
+             if (detections.length) {
+               var imageId = detections[0].image.id;
 
-                 if (i < len - 1) {
-                   // start a new line
-                   result.push(part);
-                   part = [];
-                 }
-               } else if (i === len - 1) {
-                 part.push(b);
+               if (imageId === selectedImageId) {
+                 service.highlightDetection(detections[0]).selectImage(context, imageId);
+               } else {
+                 service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+                   service.highlightDetection(detections[0]).selectImage(context, imageId).showViewer(context);
+                 });
                }
-
-               break;
-             } else if (codeA & codeB) {
-               // trivial reject
-               break;
-             } else if (codeA) {
-               // a outside, intersect with clip edge
-               a = intersect$1(a, b, codeA, bbox);
-               codeA = bitCode$1(a, bbox);
-             } else {
-               // b outside
-               b = intersect$1(a, b, codeB, bbox);
-               codeB = bitCode$1(b, bbox);
              }
-           }
-
-           codeA = lastCode;
+           });
          }
 
-         if (part.length) result.push(part);
-         return result;
-       } // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm
+         function filterData(detectedFeatures) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
 
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
+               return new Date(feature.last_seen_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
+           }
 
-       function polygonclip$1(points, bbox) {
-         var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside; // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
+               return new Date(feature.first_seen_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
+           }
 
-         for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
-           result = [];
-           prev = points[points.length - 1];
-           prevInside = !(bitCode$1(prev, bbox) & edge);
+           return detectedFeatures;
+         }
 
-           for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-             p = points[i];
-             inside = !(bitCode$1(p, bbox) & edge); // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
+         function update() {
+           var service = getService();
+           var data = service ? service.signs(projection) : [];
+           data = filterData(data);
+           var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);
+           var signs = layer.selectAll('.icon-sign').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-             if (inside !== prevInside) result.push(intersect$1(prev, p, edge, bbox));
-             if (inside) result.push(p); // add a point if it's inside
+           signs.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-             prev = p;
-             prevInside = inside;
-           }
+           var enter = signs.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'icon-sign icon-detected').on('click', click);
+           enter.append('use').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             return '#' + d.value;
+           });
+           enter.append('rect').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px'); // update
 
-           points = result;
-           if (!points.length) break;
+           signs.merge(enter).attr('transform', transform);
          }
 
-         return result;
-       } // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox
+         function drawSigns(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgMapillarySigns.enabled;
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-signs').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-signs layer-mapillary-detections').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(layer);
 
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadSigns(projection);
+               service.showSignDetections(true);
+             } else {
+               editOff();
+             }
+           } else if (service) {
+             service.showSignDetections(false);
+           }
+         }
 
-       function intersect$1(a, b, edge, bbox) {
-         return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] : // top
-         edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] : // bottom
-         edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // right
-         edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // left
-         null;
-       } // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:
-       //         left  mid  right
-       //    top  1001  1000  1010
-       //    mid  0001  0000  0010
-       // bottom  0101  0100  0110
+         drawSigns.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillarySigns.enabled;
+           svgMapillarySigns.enabled = _;
 
+           if (svgMapillarySigns.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_signs', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_signs', null);
+           }
 
-       function bitCode$1(p, bbox) {
-         var code = 0;
-         if (p[0] < bbox[0]) code |= 1; // left
-         else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) code |= 2; // right
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-         if (p[1] < bbox[1]) code |= 4; // bottom
-         else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) code |= 8; // top
+         drawSigns.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-         return code;
+         init();
+         return drawSigns;
        }
 
-       var whichPolygon_1 = whichPolygon;
+       function svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-       function whichPolygon(data) {
-         var bboxes = [];
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < data.features.length; i++) {
-           var feature = data.features[i];
-           var coords = feature.geometry.coordinates;
+         var _mapillary;
 
-           if (feature.geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
-             bboxes.push(treeItem(coords, feature.properties));
-           } else if (feature.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
-             for (var j = 0; j < coords.length; j++) {
-               bboxes.push(treeItem(coords[j], feature.properties));
-             }
+         function init() {
+           if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized) return; // run once
+
+           svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = false;
+           svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized = true;
+         }
+
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
+
+             _mapillary.event.on('loadedMapFeatures', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = null;
            }
+
+           return _mapillary;
          }
 
-         var tree = rbush_1().load(bboxes);
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           service.loadObjectResources(context);
+           editOn();
+         }
 
-         function query(p, multi) {
-           var output = [],
-               result = tree.search({
-             minX: p[0],
-             minY: p[1],
-             maxX: p[0],
-             maxY: p[1]
-           });
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           editOff();
+         }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
-             if (insidePolygon(result[i].coords, p)) {
-               if (multi) output.push(result[i].props);else return result[i].props;
-             }
-           }
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
-           return multi && output.length ? output : null;
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
          }
 
-         query.tree = tree;
+         function click(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
+           var selectedImageId = service.getActiveImage() && service.getActiveImage().id;
+           service.getDetections(d.id).then(function (detections) {
+             if (detections.length) {
+               var imageId = detections[0].image.id;
 
-         query.bbox = function queryBBox(bbox) {
-           var output = [];
-           var result = tree.search({
-             minX: bbox[0],
-             minY: bbox[1],
-             maxX: bbox[2],
-             maxY: bbox[3]
+               if (imageId === selectedImageId) {
+                 service.highlightDetection(detections[0]).selectImage(context, imageId);
+               } else {
+                 service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+                   service.highlightDetection(detections[0]).selectImage(context, imageId).showViewer(context);
+                 });
+               }
+             }
            });
+         }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
-             if (polygonIntersectsBBox(result[i].coords, bbox)) {
-               output.push(result[i].props);
-             }
+         function filterData(detectedFeatures) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+
+           if (fromDate) {
+             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
+               return new Date(feature.last_seen_at).getTime() >= new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             });
            }
 
-           return output;
-         };
+           if (toDate) {
+             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
+               return new Date(feature.first_seen_at).getTime() <= new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             });
+           }
 
-         return query;
-       }
+           return detectedFeatures;
+         }
 
-       function polygonIntersectsBBox(polygon, bbox) {
-         var bboxCenter = [(bbox[0] + bbox[2]) / 2, (bbox[1] + bbox[3]) / 2];
-         if (insidePolygon(polygon, bboxCenter)) return true;
+         function update() {
+           var service = getService();
+           var data = service ? service.mapFeatures(projection) : [];
+           data = filterData(data);
+           var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);
+           var mapFeatures = layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < polygon.length; i++) {
-           if (lineclip_1$1(polygon[i], bbox).length > 0) return true;
-         }
+           mapFeatures.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         return false;
-       } // ray casting algorithm for detecting if point is in polygon
+           var enter = mapFeatures.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'icon-map-feature icon-detected').on('click', click);
+           enter.append('title').text(function (d) {
+             var id = d.value.replace(/--/g, '.').replace(/-/g, '_');
+             return _t('mapillary_map_features.' + id);
+           });
+           enter.append('use').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             if (d.value === 'object--billboard') {
+               // no billboard icon right now, so use the advertisement icon
+               return '#object--sign--advertisement';
+             }
 
+             return '#' + d.value;
+           });
+           enter.append('rect').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px'); // update
 
-       function insidePolygon(rings, p) {
-         var inside = false;
+           mapFeatures.merge(enter).attr('transform', transform);
+         }
 
-         for (var i = 0, len = rings.length; i < len; i++) {
-           var ring = rings[i];
+         function drawMapFeatures(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled;
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-map-features').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-map-features layer-mapillary-detections').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(layer);
 
-           for (var j = 0, len2 = ring.length, k = len2 - 1; j < len2; k = j++) {
-             if (rayIntersect(p, ring[j], ring[k])) inside = !inside;
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadMapFeatures(projection);
+               service.showFeatureDetections(true);
+             } else {
+               editOff();
+             }
+           } else if (service) {
+             service.showFeatureDetections(false);
            }
          }
 
-         return inside;
-       }
+         drawMapFeatures.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled;
+           svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = _;
 
-       function rayIntersect(p, p1, p2) {
-         return p1[1] > p[1] !== p2[1] > p[1] && p[0] < (p2[0] - p1[0]) * (p[1] - p1[1]) / (p2[1] - p1[1]) + p1[0];
-       }
+           if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_map_features', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_map_features', null);
+           }
 
-       function treeItem(coords, props) {
-         var item = {
-           minX: Infinity,
-           minY: Infinity,
-           maxX: -Infinity,
-           maxY: -Infinity,
-           coords: coords,
-           props: props
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
          };
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < coords[0].length; i++) {
-           var p = coords[0][i];
-           item.minX = Math.min(item.minX, p[0]);
-           item.minY = Math.min(item.minY, p[1]);
-           item.maxX = Math.max(item.maxX, p[0]);
-           item.maxY = Math.max(item.maxY, p[1]);
-         }
+         drawMapFeatures.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-         return item;
+         init();
+         return drawMapFeatures;
        }
 
-       var type = "FeatureCollection";
-       var features = [{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"680",wikidata:"Q3405693",nameEn:"Sark",country:"GB",groups:["GG","830","154","150"],level:"subterritory",driveSide:"left",roadSpeedUnit:"mph",callingCodes:["44 01481"]},geometry:{type:"MultiPolygon",coordinates:[[[[-2.36485,49.48223],[-2.65349,49.15373],[-2.09454,49.46288],[-2.36485,49.48223]]]]}},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"001",wikidata:"Q2",nameEn:"World",aliases:["Earth","Planet"],level:"world"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"142",wikidata:"Q48",nameEn:"Asia",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"143",wikidata:"Q27275",nameEn:"Central Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"145",wikidata:"Q27293",nameEn:"Western Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"150",wikidata:"Q46",nameEn:"Europe",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"151",wikidata:"Q27468",nameEn:"Eastern Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"154",wikidata:"Q27479",nameEn:"Northern Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"155",wikidata:"Q27496",nameEn:"Western Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"202",wikidata:"Q132959",nameEn:"Sub-Saharan Africa",groups:["002"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"419",wikidata:"Q72829598",nameEn:"Latin America and the Caribbean",groups:["019"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"830",wikidata:"Q42314",nameEn:"Channel Islands",groups:["150","154"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"019",wikidata:"Q828",nameEn:"Americas",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"029",wikidata:"Q664609",nameEn:"Caribbean",groups:["419","019","003"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"034",wikidata:"Q771405",nameEn:"Southern Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"002",wikidata:"Q15",nameEn:"Africa",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"003",wikidata:"Q49",nameEn:"North America",groups:["019"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"017",wikidata:"Q27433",nameEn:"Middle Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"039",wikidata:"Q27449",nameEn:"Southern Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"005",wikidata:"Q18",nameEn:"South America",groups:["419","019"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"009",wikidata:"Q538",nameEn:"Oceania",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"061",wikidata:"Q35942",nameEn:"Polynesia",groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"014",wikidata:"Q27407",nameEn:"Eastern Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"053",wikidata:"Q45256",nameEn:"Australia and New Zealand",aliases:["Australasia"],groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"011",wikidata:"Q4412",nameEn:"Western Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"013",wikidata:"Q27611",nameEn:"Central America",groups:["419","019","003"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"021",wikidata:"Q2017699",nameEn:"Northern America",groups:["019","003"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"035",wikidata:"Q11708",nameEn:"South-eastern Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"018",wikidata:"Q27394",nameEn:"Southern Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"030",wikidata:"Q27231",nameEn:"Eastern Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"015",wikidata:"Q27381",nameEn:"Northern Africa",groups:["002"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"054",wikidata:"Q37394",nameEn:"Melanesia",groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"057",wikidata:"Q3359409",nameEn:"Micronesia",groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{iso1A2:"AC",iso1A3:"ASC",wikidata:"Q46197",nameEn:"Ascension Island",country:"GB",groups:["SH","011","202","002"],isoStatus:"excRes",driveSide:"left",roadSpeedUnit:"mph",callingCodes:["247"]},geometry:{type:"MultiPolygon",coordinates:[[[[-14.82771,-8.70814],[-13.33271,-8.07391],[-14.91926,-6.63386],[-14.82771,-8.70814]]]]}},{type:"Feature",properties:{iso1A2:"AD",iso1A3:"AND",iso1N3:"020",wikidata:"Q228",nameEn:"Andorra",groups:["039","150"],callingCo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-       var rawBorders = {
-       type: type,
-       features: features
-       };
+       function svgOpenstreetcamImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-       var borders = rawBorders;
-       var whichPolygonGetter = {};
-       var featuresByCode = {};
-       var idFilterRegex = /\bThe\b|\bthe\b|\band\b|\bof\b|[-_ .,()&[\]/]/g;
-       var levels = ['subterritory', 'territory', 'country', 'intermediateRegion', 'subregion', 'region', 'union', 'world'];
-       loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders);
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var minMarkerZoom = 16;
+         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-       function loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders) {
-         var identifierProps = ['iso1A2', 'iso1A3', 'm49', 'wikidata', 'emojiFlag', 'nameEn'];
-         var geometryFeatures = [];
+         var _openstreetcam;
+
+         function init() {
+           if (svgOpenstreetcamImages.initialized) return; // run once
 
-         for (var i in borders.features) {
-           var _feature = borders.features[i];
-           _feature.properties.id = _feature.properties.iso1A2 || _feature.properties.m49;
-           loadM49(_feature);
-           loadIsoStatus(_feature);
-           loadLevel(_feature);
-           loadGroups(_feature);
-           loadRoadSpeedUnit(_feature);
-           loadDriveSide(_feature);
-           loadFlag(_feature);
-           cacheFeatureByIDs(_feature);
-           if (_feature.geometry) geometryFeatures.push(_feature);
+           svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled = false;
+           svgOpenstreetcamImages.initialized = true;
          }
 
-         for (var _i in borders.features) {
-           var _feature2 = borders.features[_i];
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.openstreetcam && !_openstreetcam) {
+             _openstreetcam = services.openstreetcam;
 
-           _feature2.properties.groups.sort(function (groupID1, groupID2) {
-             return levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID1].properties.level) - levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID2].properties.level);
-           });
+             _openstreetcam.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.openstreetcam && _openstreetcam) {
+             _openstreetcam = null;
+           }
 
-           loadMembersForGroupsOf(_feature2);
+           return _openstreetcam;
          }
 
-         var geometryOnlyCollection = {
-           type: 'RegionFeatureCollection',
-           features: geometryFeatures
-         };
-         whichPolygonGetter = whichPolygon_1(geometryOnlyCollection);
-
-         function loadGroups(feature) {
-           var props = feature.properties;
-
-           if (!props.groups) {
-             props.groups = [];
-           }
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           editOn();
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
 
-           if (props.country) {
-             props.groups.push(props.country);
-           }
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', editOff);
+         }
 
-           if (props.m49 !== '001') {
-             props.groups.push('001');
-           }
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
          }
 
-         function loadM49(feature) {
-           var props = feature.properties;
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
 
-           if (!props.m49 && props.iso1N3) {
-             props.m49 = props.iso1N3;
-           }
+         function click(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+             service.selectImage(context, d.key).showViewer(context);
+           });
+           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
          }
 
-         function loadIsoStatus(feature) {
-           var props = feature.properties;
+         function mouseover(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
+         }
 
-           if (!props.isoStatus && props.iso1A2) {
-             props.isoStatus = 'official';
-           }
+         function mouseout() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
          }
 
-         function loadLevel(feature) {
-           var props = feature.properties;
-           if (props.level) return;
+         function transform(d) {
+           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
 
-           if (!props.country) {
-             props.level = 'country';
-           } else if (props.isoStatus === 'official') {
-             props.level = 'territory';
-           } else {
-             props.level = 'subterritory';
+           if (d.ca) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
            }
+
+           return t;
          }
 
-         function loadRoadSpeedUnit(feature) {
-           var props = feature.properties;
+         function filterImages(images) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
 
-           if (props.roadSpeedUnit === undefined && props.iso1A2 && props.iso1A2 !== 'EU') {
-             props.roadSpeedUnit = 'km/h';
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             images = images.filter(function (item) {
+               return new Date(item.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
            }
-         }
 
-         function loadDriveSide(feature) {
-           var props = feature.properties;
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             images = images.filter(function (item) {
+               return new Date(item.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
+           }
 
-           if (props.driveSide === undefined && props.iso1A2 && props.iso1A2 !== 'EU') {
-             props.driveSide = 'right';
+           if (usernames) {
+             images = images.filter(function (item) {
+               return usernames.indexOf(item.captured_by) !== -1;
+             });
            }
-         }
 
-         function loadFlag(feature) {
-           if (!feature.properties.iso1A2) return;
-           var flag = feature.properties.iso1A2.replace(/./g, function (_char) {
-             return String.fromCodePoint(_char.charCodeAt(0) + 127397);
-           });
-           feature.properties.emojiFlag = flag;
+           return images;
          }
 
-         function loadMembersForGroupsOf(feature) {
-           var featureID = feature.properties.id;
-           var standardizedGroupIDs = [];
+         function filterSequences(sequences) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
 
-           for (var j in feature.properties.groups) {
-             var groupID = feature.properties.groups[j];
-             var groupFeature = featuresByCode[groupID];
-             standardizedGroupIDs.push(groupFeature.properties.id);
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (image) {
+               return new Date(image.properties.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
+           }
 
-             if (groupFeature.properties.members) {
-               groupFeature.properties.members.push(featureID);
-             } else {
-               groupFeature.properties.members = [featureID];
-             }
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (image) {
+               return new Date(image.properties.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
+           }
+
+           if (usernames) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (image) {
+               return usernames.indexOf(image.properties.captured_by) !== -1;
+             });
            }
 
-           feature.properties.groups = standardizedGroupIDs;
+           return sequences;
          }
 
-         function cacheFeatureByIDs(feature) {
-           for (var k in identifierProps) {
-             var prop = identifierProps[k];
-             var id = prop && feature.properties[prop];
+         function update() {
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
+           var showMarkers = z >= minMarkerZoom;
+           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
+           var service = getService();
+           var sequences = [];
+           var images = [];
 
-             if (id) {
-               id = id.replace(idFilterRegex, '').toUpperCase();
-               featuresByCode[id] = feature;
-             }
+           if (context.photos().showsFlat()) {
+             sequences = service ? service.sequences(projection) : [];
+             images = service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : [];
+             sequences = filterSequences(sequences);
+             images = filterImages(images);
            }
 
-           if (feature.properties.aliases) {
-             for (var j in feature.properties.aliases) {
-               var alias = feature.properties.aliases[j].replace(idFilterRegex, '').toUpperCase();
-               featuresByCode[alias] = feature;
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       }
+           var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence').data(sequences, function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key;
+           }); // exit
 
-       function locArray(loc) {
-         if (Array.isArray(loc)) {
-           return loc;
-         } else if (loc.coordinates) {
-           return loc.coordinates;
-         }
+           traces.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-         return loc.geometry.coordinates;
-       }
+           traces = traces.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'sequence').merge(traces).attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(images, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // exit
 
-       function smallestFeature(loc) {
-         var query = locArray(loc);
-         var featureProperties = whichPolygonGetter(query);
-         if (!featureProperties) return null;
-         return featuresByCode[featureProperties.id];
-       }
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-       function countryFeature(loc) {
-         var feature = smallestFeature(loc);
-         if (!feature) return null;
-         var countryCode = feature.properties.country || feature.properties.iso1A2;
-         return featuresByCode[countryCode];
-       }
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group').on('mouseenter', mouseover).on('mouseleave', mouseout).on('click', click);
+           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
 
-       function featureForLoc(loc, opts) {
-         if (opts && opts.level && opts.level !== 'country') {
-           var features = featuresContaining(loc);
-           var targetLevel = opts.level;
-           var targetLevelIndex = levels.indexOf(targetLevel);
-           if (targetLevelIndex === -1) return null;
+           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a === selected ? 1 : b === selected ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
+           }).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
+           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
+           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
+           viewfields.exit().remove();
+           viewfields.enter() // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
+           .insert('path', 'circle') // but if they are, draw below the circles
+           .attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z');
+         }
 
-           for (var i in features) {
-             var _feature3 = features[i];
+         function drawImages(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled,
+               service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-openstreetcam').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'sequences');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-             if (_feature3.properties.level === targetLevel || levels.indexOf(_feature3.properties.level) > targetLevelIndex) {
-               return _feature3;
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadImages(projection);
+             } else {
+               editOff();
              }
            }
-
-           return null;
          }
 
-         return countryFeature(loc);
-       }
-
-       function featureForID(id) {
-         var stringID;
-
-         if (typeof id === 'number') {
-           stringID = id.toString();
+         drawImages.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled;
+           svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled = _;
 
-           if (stringID.length === 1) {
-             stringID = '00' + stringID;
-           } else if (stringID.length === 2) {
-             stringID = '0' + stringID;
+           if (svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.openstreetcam_images', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.openstreetcam_images', null);
            }
-         } else {
-           stringID = id.replace(idFilterRegex, '').toUpperCase();
-         }
 
-         return featuresByCode[stringID] || null;
-       }
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-       function smallestOrMatchingFeature(query) {
-         if (_typeof(query) === 'object') {
-           return smallestFeature(query);
-         }
+         drawImages.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-         return featureForID(query);
+         init();
+         return drawImages;
        }
 
-       function feature(query, opts) {
-         if (_typeof(query) === 'object') {
-           return featureForLoc(query, opts);
-         }
-
-         return featureForID(query);
-       }
-       function iso1A2Code(query, opts) {
-         var match = feature(query, opts);
-         if (!match) return null;
-         return match.properties.iso1A2 || null;
-       }
-       function featuresContaining(query, strict) {
-         var feature = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
-         if (!feature) return [];
-         var features = [];
+       function svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var enabled = true;
 
-         if (!strict || _typeof(query) === 'object') {
-           features.push(feature);
+         function drawOsm(selection) {
+           selection.selectAll('.layer-osm').data(['covered', 'areas', 'lines', 'points', 'labels']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'layer-osm ' + d;
+           });
+           selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points').selectAll('.points-group').data(['points', 'midpoints', 'vertices', 'turns']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'points-group ' + d;
+           });
          }
 
-         var properties = feature.properties;
-
-         for (var i in properties.groups) {
-           var groupID = properties.groups[i];
-           features.push(featuresByCode[groupID]);
+         function showLayer() {
+           var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
+           layer.interrupt();
+           layer.classed('disabled', false).style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
          }
 
-         return features;
-       }
-       function roadSpeedUnit(query) {
-         var feature = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
-         return feature && feature.properties.roadSpeedUnit || null;
-       }
-
-       var _dataDeprecated;
-
-       var _nsi;
+         function hideLayer() {
+           var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
+           layer.interrupt();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             layer.classed('disabled', true);
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
 
-       function validationOutdatedTags() {
-         var type = 'outdated_tags';
-         var nsiKeys = ['amenity', 'shop', 'tourism', 'leisure', 'office']; // A concern here in switching to async data means that `_dataDeprecated`
-         // and `_nsi` will not be available at first, so the data on early tiles
-         // may not have tags validated fully.
-         // initialize deprecated tags array
+         drawOsm.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return enabled;
+           enabled = val;
 
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated').then(function (d) {
-           return _dataDeprecated = d;
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         });
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_brands').then(function (d) {
-           _nsi = {
-             brands: d.brands,
-             matcher: matcher$1(),
-             wikidata: {},
-             wikipedia: {}
-           }; // initialize name-suggestion-index matcher
+           if (enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+           }
 
-           _nsi.matcher.buildMatchIndex(d.brands); // index all known wikipedia and wikidata tags
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
+         return drawOsm;
+       }
 
-           Object.keys(d.brands).forEach(function (kvnd) {
-             var brand = d.brands[kvnd];
-             var wd = brand.tags['brand:wikidata'];
-             var wp = brand.tags['brand:wikipedia'];
+       var _notesEnabled = false;
 
-             if (wd) {
-               _nsi.wikidata[wd] = kvnd;
-             }
+       var _osmService;
 
-             if (wp) {
-               _nsi.wikipedia[wp] = kvnd;
-             }
-           });
-           return _nsi;
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         });
+       function svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         if (!dispatch) {
+           dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         }
 
-         function oldTagIssues(entity, graph) {
-           var oldTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-           var subtype = 'deprecated_tags';
-           if (!preset) return []; // upgrade preset..
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var touchLayer = select(null);
+         var drawLayer = select(null);
+         var _notesVisible = false;
 
-           if (preset.replacement) {
-             var newPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(preset.replacement);
-             graph = actionChangePreset(entity.id, preset, newPreset, true
-             /* skip field defaults */
-             )(graph);
-             entity = graph.entity(entity.id);
-             preset = newPreset;
-           } // upgrade tags..
+         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -22)').attr('d', 'm17.5,0l-15,0c-1.37,0 -2.5,1.12 -2.5,2.5l0,11.25c0,1.37 1.12,2.5 2.5,2.5l3.75,0l0,3.28c0,0.38 0.43,0.6 0.75,0.37l4.87,-3.65l5.62,0c1.37,0 2.5,-1.12 2.5,-2.5l0,-11.25c0,-1.37 -1.12,-2.5 -2.5,-2.5z');
+         } // Loosely-coupled osm service for fetching notes.
 
 
-           if (_dataDeprecated) {
-             var deprecatedTags = entity.deprecatedTags(_dataDeprecated);
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.osm && !_osmService) {
+             _osmService = services.osm;
 
-             if (deprecatedTags.length) {
-               deprecatedTags.forEach(function (tag) {
-                 graph = actionUpgradeTags(entity.id, tag.old, tag.replace)(graph);
-               });
-               entity = graph.entity(entity.id);
-             }
-           } // add missing addTags..
+             _osmService.on('loadedNotes', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.osm && _osmService) {
+             _osmService = null;
+           }
 
+           return _osmService;
+         } // Show the notes
 
-           var newTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           if (preset.tags !== preset.addTags) {
-             Object.keys(preset.addTags).forEach(function (k) {
-               if (!newTags[k]) {
-                 if (preset.addTags[k] === '*') {
-                   newTags[k] = 'yes';
-                 } else {
-                   newTags[k] = preset.addTags[k];
-                 }
-               }
-             });
+         function editOn() {
+           if (!_notesVisible) {
+             _notesVisible = true;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
            }
+         } // Immediately remove the notes and their touch targets
 
-           if (_nsi) {
-             // Do `wikidata` or `wikipedia` identify this entity as a brand?  #6416
-             // If so, these tags can be swapped to `brand:wikidata`/`brand:wikipedia`
-             var isBrand;
 
-             if (newTags.wikidata) {
-               // try matching `wikidata`
-               isBrand = _nsi.wikidata[newTags.wikidata];
-             }
+         function editOff() {
+           if (_notesVisible) {
+             _notesVisible = false;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.note').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.note').remove();
+           }
+         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the notes and transitions them to visible.
 
-             if (!isBrand && newTags.wikipedia) {
-               // fallback to `wikipedia`
-               isBrand = _nsi.wikipedia[newTags.wikipedia];
-             }
 
-             if (isBrand && !newTags.office) {
-               // but avoid doing this for corporate offices
-               if (newTags.wikidata) {
-                 newTags['brand:wikidata'] = newTags.wikidata;
-                 delete newTags.wikidata;
-               }
+         function layerOn() {
+           editOn();
+           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the notes.
 
-               if (newTags.wikipedia) {
-                 newTags['brand:wikipedia'] = newTags.wikipedia;
-                 delete newTags.wikipedia;
-               } // I considered setting `name` and other tags here, but they aren't unique per wikidata
-               // (Q2759586 -> in USA "Papa John's", in Russia "Папа Джонс")
-               // So users will really need to use a preset or assign `name` themselves.
 
-             } // try key/value|name match against name-suggestion-index
+         function layerOff() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           drawLayer.interrupt();
+           touchLayer.selectAll('.note').remove();
+           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             editOff();
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Update the note markers
 
 
-             if (newTags.name) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < nsiKeys.length; i++) {
-                 var k = nsiKeys[i];
-                 if (!newTags[k]) continue;
-                 var center = entity.extent(graph).center();
-                 var countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
+         function updateMarkers() {
+           if (!_notesVisible || !_notesEnabled) return;
+           var service = getService();
+           var selectedID = context.selectedNoteID();
+           var data = service ? service.notes(projection) : [];
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
 
-                 var match = _nsi.matcher.matchKVN(k, newTags[k], newTags.name, countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase());
+           var notes = drawLayer.selectAll('.note').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-                 if (!match) continue; // for now skip ambiguous matches (like Target~(USA) vs Target~(Australia))
+           notes.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-                 if (match.d) continue;
-                 var brand = _nsi.brands[match.kvnd];
+           var notesEnter = notes.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'note note-' + d.id + ' ' + d.status;
+           }).classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
+           });
+           notesEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0.5).attr('cy', 1).attr('rx', 6.5).attr('ry', 3).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           notesEnter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           notesEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'note-fill').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-note');
+           notesEnter.selectAll('.icon-annotation').data(function (d) {
+             return [d];
+           }).enter().append('use').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '10px').attr('height', '10px').attr('x', '-3px').attr('y', '-19px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             if (d.id < 0) return '#iD-icon-plus';
+             if (d.status === 'open') return '#iD-icon-close';
+             return '#iD-icon-apply';
+           }); // update
 
-                 if (brand && brand.tags['brand:wikidata'] && brand.tags['brand:wikidata'] !== entity.tags['not:brand:wikidata']) {
-                   subtype = 'noncanonical_brand';
-                   var keepTags = ['takeaway'].reduce(function (acc, k) {
-                     if (newTags[k]) {
-                       acc[k] = newTags[k];
-                     }
+           notes.merge(notesEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             var isMoving = mode && mode.id === 'drag-note'; // no shadows when dragging
 
-                     return acc;
-                   }, {});
-                   nsiKeys.forEach(function (k) {
-                     return delete newTags[k];
-                   });
-                   Object.assign(newTags, brand.tags, keepTags);
-                   break;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           } // determine diff
+             return !isMoving && d.id === selectedID;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
 
+           if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.note').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags);
-           if (!tagDiff.length) return [];
-           var isOnlyAddingTags = tagDiff.every(function (d) {
-             return d.type === '+';
-           });
-           var prefix = '';
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-           if (subtype === 'noncanonical_brand') {
-             prefix = 'noncanonical_brand.';
-           } else if (subtype === 'deprecated_tags' && isOnlyAddingTags) {
-             subtype = 'incomplete_tags';
-             prefix = 'incomplete.';
-           } // don't allow autofixing brand tags
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
+             var newClass = d.id < 0 ? 'new' : '';
+             return 'note target note-' + d.id + ' ' + fillClass + newClass;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
 
+           function sortY(a, b) {
+             if (a.id === selectedID) return 1;
+             if (b.id === selectedID) return -1;
+             return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+           }
+         } // Draw the notes layer and schedule loading notes and updating markers.
 
-           var autoArgs = subtype !== 'noncanonical_brand' ? [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation')] : null;
-           return [new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: subtype,
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: showMessage,
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [entity.id],
-             hash: JSON.stringify(tagDiff),
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-               return [new validationIssueFix({
-                 autoArgs: autoArgs,
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.title'),
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
-                 }
-               })];
-             }
-           })];
 
-           function doUpgrade(graph) {
-             var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
-             if (!currEntity) return graph;
-             var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags); // shallow copy
+         function drawNotes(selection) {
+           var service = getService();
+           var surface = context.surface();
 
-             tagDiff.forEach(function (diff) {
-               if (diff.type === '-') {
-                 delete newTags[diff.key];
-               } else if (diff.type === '+') {
-                 newTags[diff.key] = diff.newVal;
-               }
-             });
-             return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
+           if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
+             touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
            }
 
-           function showMessage(context) {
-             var currEntity = context.hasEntity(entity.id);
-             if (!currEntity) return '';
-             var messageID = "issues.outdated_tags.".concat(prefix, "message");
+           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-notes').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           drawLayer.exit().remove();
+           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-notes').style('display', _notesEnabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
 
-             if (subtype === 'noncanonical_brand' && isOnlyAddingTags) {
-               messageID += '_incomplete';
+           if (_notesEnabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               service.loadNotes(projection);
+               updateMarkers();
+             } else {
+               editOff();
              }
-
-             return _t.html(messageID, {
-               feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph())
-             });
            }
+         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             var enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter();
-             enter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html("issues.outdated_tags.".concat(prefix, "reference")));
-             enter.append('strong').html(_t.html('issues.suggested'));
-             enter.append('table').attr('class', 'tagDiff-table').selectAll('.tagDiff-row').data(tagDiff).enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'tagDiff-row').append('td').attr('class', function (d) {
-               var klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
-               return "tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-".concat(klass);
-             }).html(function (d) {
-               return d.display;
-             });
-           }
-         }
 
-         function oldMultipolygonIssues(entity, graph) {
-           var multipolygon, outerWay;
+         drawNotes.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _notesEnabled;
+           _notesEnabled = val;
 
-           if (entity.type === 'relation') {
-             outerWay = osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph);
-             multipolygon = entity;
-           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-             multipolygon = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
-             outerWay = entity;
+           if (_notesEnabled) {
+             layerOn();
            } else {
-             return [];
-           }
+             layerOff();
 
-           if (!multipolygon || !outerWay) return [];
-           return [new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: 'old_multipolygon',
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: showMessage,
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [outerWay.id, multipolygon.id],
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-               return [new validationIssueFix({
-                 autoArgs: [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation')],
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.move_tags.title'),
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation'));
-                 }
-               })];
+             if (context.selectedNoteID()) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
-           })];
-
-           function doUpgrade(graph) {
-             var currMultipolygon = graph.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
-             var currOuterWay = graph.hasEntity(outerWay.id);
-             if (!currMultipolygon || !currOuterWay) return graph;
-             currMultipolygon = currMultipolygon.mergeTags(currOuterWay.tags);
-             graph = graph.replace(currMultipolygon);
-             return actionChangeTags(currOuterWay.id, {})(graph);
            }
 
-           function showMessage(context) {
-             var currMultipolygon = context.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
-             if (!currMultipolygon) return '';
-             return _t.html('issues.old_multipolygon.message', {
-               multipolygon: utilDisplayLabel(currMultipolygon, context.graph())
-             });
-           }
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.old_multipolygon.reference'));
-           }
+         return drawNotes;
+       }
+
+       function svgTouch() {
+         function drawTouch(selection) {
+           selection.selectAll('.layer-touch').data(['areas', 'lines', 'points', 'turns', 'markers']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'layer-touch ' + d;
+           });
          }
 
-         var validation = function checkOutdatedTags(entity, graph) {
-           var issues = oldMultipolygonIssues(entity, graph);
-           if (!issues.length) issues = oldTagIssues(entity, graph);
-           return issues;
-         };
+         return drawTouch;
+       }
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
+       function refresh(selection, node) {
+         var cr = node.getBoundingClientRect();
+         var prop = [cr.width, cr.height];
+         selection.property('__dimensions__', prop);
+         return prop;
+       }
+
+       function utilGetDimensions(selection, force) {
+         if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
+           return [0, 0];
+         }
+
+         var node = selection.node(),
+             cached = selection.property('__dimensions__');
+         return !cached || force ? refresh(selection, node) : cached;
        }
+       function utilSetDimensions(selection, dimensions) {
+         if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
+           return selection;
+         }
+
+         var node = selection.node();
+
+         if (dimensions === null) {
+           refresh(selection, node);
+           return selection;
+         }
 
-       function validationPrivateData() {
-         var type = 'private_data'; // assume that some buildings are private
+         return selection.property('__dimensions__', [dimensions[0], dimensions[1]]).attr('width', dimensions[0]).attr('height', dimensions[1]);
+       }
 
-         var privateBuildingValues = {
-           detached: true,
-           farm: true,
-           house: true,
-           houseboat: true,
-           residential: true,
-           semidetached_house: true,
-           static_caravan: true
-         }; // but they might be public if they have one of these other tags
+       function svgLayers(projection, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var svg = select(null);
+         var _layers = [{
+           id: 'osm',
+           layer: svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'notes',
+           layer: svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'data',
+           layer: svgData(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'keepRight',
+           layer: svgKeepRight(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'improveOSM',
+           layer: svgImproveOSM(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'osmose',
+           layer: svgOsmose(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'streetside',
+           layer: svgStreetside(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'mapillary',
+           layer: svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'mapillary-position',
+           layer: svgMapillaryPosition(projection, context)
+         }, {
+           id: 'mapillary-map-features',
+           layer: svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'mapillary-signs',
+           layer: svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'openstreetcam',
+           layer: svgOpenstreetcamImages(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'debug',
+           layer: svgDebug(projection, context)
+         }, {
+           id: 'geolocate',
+           layer: svgGeolocate(projection)
+         }, {
+           id: 'touch',
+           layer: svgTouch()
+         }];
 
-         var publicKeys = {
-           amenity: true,
-           craft: true,
-           historic: true,
-           leisure: true,
-           office: true,
-           shop: true,
-           tourism: true
-         }; // these tags may contain personally identifying info
+         function drawLayers(selection) {
+           svg = selection.selectAll('.surface').data([0]);
+           svg = svg.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'surface').merge(svg);
+           var defs = svg.selectAll('.surface-defs').data([0]);
+           defs.enter().append('defs').attr('class', 'surface-defs');
+           var groups = svg.selectAll('.data-layer').data(_layers);
+           groups.exit().remove();
+           groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'data-layer ' + d.id;
+           }).merge(groups).each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(d.layer);
+           });
+         }
 
-         var personalTags = {
-           'contact:email': true,
-           'contact:fax': true,
-           'contact:phone': true,
-           email: true,
-           fax: true,
-           phone: true
+         drawLayers.all = function () {
+           return _layers;
          };
 
-         var validation = function checkPrivateData(entity) {
-           var tags = entity.tags;
-           if (!tags.building || !privateBuildingValues[tags.building]) return [];
-           var keepTags = {};
+         drawLayers.layer = function (id) {
+           var obj = _layers.find(function (o) {
+             return o.id === id;
+           });
 
-           for (var k in tags) {
-             if (publicKeys[k]) return []; // probably a public feature
+           return obj && obj.layer;
+         };
 
-             if (!personalTags[k]) {
-               keepTags[k] = tags[k];
-             }
-           }
+         drawLayers.only = function (what) {
+           var arr = [].concat(what);
 
-           var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(tags, keepTags);
-           if (!tagDiff.length) return [];
-           var fixID = tagDiff.length === 1 ? 'remove_tag' : 'remove_tags';
-           return [new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: showMessage,
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [entity.id],
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-               return [new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + fixID + '.title'),
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
-                 }
-               })];
-             }
-           })];
+           var all = _layers.map(function (layer) {
+             return layer.id;
+           });
 
-           function doUpgrade(graph) {
-             var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
-             if (!currEntity) return graph;
-             var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags); // shallow copy
+           return drawLayers.remove(utilArrayDifference(all, arr));
+         };
 
-             tagDiff.forEach(function (diff) {
-               if (diff.type === '-') {
-                 delete newTags[diff.key];
-               } else if (diff.type === '+') {
-                 newTags[diff.key] = diff.newVal;
-               }
+         drawLayers.remove = function (what) {
+           var arr = [].concat(what);
+           arr.forEach(function (id) {
+             _layers = _layers.filter(function (o) {
+               return o.id !== id;
              });
-             return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
-           }
+           });
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           function showMessage(context) {
-             var currEntity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-             if (!currEntity) return '';
-             return _t.html('issues.private_data.contact.message', {
-               feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph())
-             });
-           }
+         drawLayers.add = function (what) {
+           var arr = [].concat(what);
+           arr.forEach(function (obj) {
+             if ('id' in obj && 'layer' in obj) {
+               _layers.push(obj);
+             }
+           });
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             var enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter();
-             enter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.private_data.reference'));
-             enter.append('strong').html(_t.html('issues.suggested'));
-             enter.append('table').attr('class', 'tagDiff-table').selectAll('.tagDiff-row').data(tagDiff).enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'tagDiff-row').append('td').attr('class', function (d) {
-               var klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
-               return 'tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-' + klass;
-             }).html(function (d) {
-               return d.display;
-             });
-           }
+         drawLayers.dimensions = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return utilGetDimensions(svg);
+           utilSetDimensions(svg, val);
+           return this;
          };
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
+         return utilRebind(drawLayers, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       var _discardNameRegexes = [];
-       function validationSuspiciousName() {
-         var type = 'suspicious_name';
-         var keysToTestForGenericValues = ['aerialway', 'aeroway', 'amenity', 'building', 'craft', 'highway', 'leisure', 'railway', 'man_made', 'office', 'shop', 'tourism', 'waterway']; // A concern here in switching to async data means that `_nsiFilters` will not
-         // be available at first, so the data on early tiles may not have tags validated fully.
+       function svgLines(projection, context) {
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var highway_stack = {
+           motorway: 0,
+           motorway_link: 1,
+           trunk: 2,
+           trunk_link: 3,
+           primary: 4,
+           primary_link: 5,
+           secondary: 6,
+           tertiary: 7,
+           unclassified: 8,
+           residential: 9,
+           service: 10,
+           footway: 11
+         };
 
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_filters').then(function (filters) {
-           // known list of generic names (e.g. "bar")
-           _discardNameRegexes = filters.discardNames.map(function (discardName) {
-             return new RegExp(discardName, 'i');
-           });
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         });
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var base = context.history().base(); // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
 
-         function isDiscardedSuggestionName(lowercaseName) {
-           return _discardNameRegexes.some(function (regex) {
-             return regex.test(lowercaseName);
-           });
-         } // test if the name is just the key or tag value (e.g. "park")
+           var data = {
+             targets: [],
+             nopes: []
+           };
+           entities.forEach(function (way) {
+             var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
+             data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
+             data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
+           }); // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
 
+           var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.line.target-allowed').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(targetData, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-         function nameMatchesRawTag(lowercaseName, tags) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < keysToTestForGenericValues.length; i++) {
-             var key = keysToTestForGenericValues[i];
-             var val = tags[key];
+           targets.exit().remove();
 
-             if (val) {
-               val = val.toLowerCase();
+           var segmentWasEdited = function segmentWasEdited(d) {
+             var wayID = d.properties.entity.id; // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
 
-               if (key === lowercaseName || val === lowercaseName || key.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName || val.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName) {
-                 return true;
-               }
+             if (!base.entities[wayID] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
+               return false;
              }
-           }
 
-           return false;
-         }
+             return d.properties.nodes.some(function (n) {
+               return !base.entities[n.id] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
+             });
+           }; // enter/update
 
-         function isGenericName(name, tags) {
-           name = name.toLowerCase();
-           return nameMatchesRawTag(name, tags) || isDiscardedSuggestionName(name);
-         }
 
-         function makeGenericNameIssue(entityId, nameKey, genericName, langCode) {
-           return new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: 'generic_name',
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: function message(context) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-               if (!entity) return '';
-               var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-               var langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
-               return _t.html('issues.generic_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''), {
-                 feature: preset.name(),
-                 name: genericName,
-                 language: langName
-               });
-             },
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [entityId],
-             hash: nameKey + '=' + genericName,
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-               return [new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
-                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+           targets.enter().append('path').merge(targets).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'way line target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
+           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited); // NOPE
 
-                   delete tags[nameKey];
-                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_generic_name.annotation'));
-                 }
-               })];
-             }
-           });
+           var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
+           var nopes = selection.selectAll('.line.target-nope').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(nopeData, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.generic_name.reference'));
-           }
+           nopes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+           nopes.enter().append('path').merge(nopes).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'way line target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
+           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
          }
 
-         function makeIncorrectNameIssue(entityId, nameKey, incorrectName, langCode) {
-           return new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: 'not_name',
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: function message(context) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-               if (!entity) return '';
-               var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-               var langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
-               return _t.html('issues.incorrect_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''), {
-                 feature: preset.name(),
-                 name: incorrectName,
-                 language: langName
-               });
-             },
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [entityId],
-             hash: nameKey + '=' + incorrectName,
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-               return [new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
-                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
-                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
-                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+         function drawLines(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var base = context.history().base();
 
-                   delete tags[nameKey];
-                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_mistaken_name.annotation'));
-                 }
-               })];
+           function waystack(a, b) {
+             var selected = context.selectedIDs();
+             var scoreA = selected.indexOf(a.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;
+             var scoreB = selected.indexOf(b.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;
+
+             if (a.tags.highway) {
+               scoreA -= highway_stack[a.tags.highway];
              }
-           });
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.generic_name.reference'));
+             if (b.tags.highway) {
+               scoreB -= highway_stack[b.tags.highway];
+             }
+
+             return scoreA - scoreB;
            }
-         }
 
-         var validation = function checkGenericName(entity) {
-           // a generic name is okay if it's a known brand or entity
-           if (entity.hasWikidata()) return [];
-           var issues = [];
-           var notNames = (entity.tags['not:name'] || '').split(';');
+           function drawLineGroup(selection, klass, isSelected) {
+             // Note: Don't add `.selected` class in draw modes
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             var isDrawing = mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id);
+             var selectedClass = !isDrawing && isSelected ? 'selected ' : '';
+             var lines = selection.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(getPathData(isSelected), osmEntity.key);
+             lines.exit().remove(); // Optimization: Call expensive TagClasses only on enter selection. This
+             // works because osmEntity.key is defined to include the entity v attribute.
 
-           for (var key in entity.tags) {
-             var m = key.match(/^name(?:(?::)([a-zA-Z_-]+))?$/);
-             if (!m) continue;
-             var langCode = m.length >= 2 ? m[1] : null;
-             var value = entity.tags[key];
+             lines.enter().append('path').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var prefix = 'way line'; // if this line isn't styled by its own tags
 
-             if (notNames.length) {
-               for (var i in notNames) {
-                 var notName = notNames[i];
+               if (!d.hasInterestingTags()) {
+                 var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(d);
+                 var parentMultipolygons = parentRelations.filter(function (relation) {
+                   return relation.isMultipolygon();
+                 }); // and if it's a member of at least one multipolygon relation
 
-                 if (notName && value === notName) {
-                   issues.push(makeIncorrectNameIssue(entity.id, key, value, langCode));
-                   continue;
+                 if (parentMultipolygons.length > 0 && // and only multipolygon relations
+                 parentRelations.length === parentMultipolygons.length) {
+                   // then fudge the classes to style this as an area edge
+                   prefix = 'relation area';
                  }
                }
-             }
 
-             if (isGenericName(value, entity.tags)) {
-               issues.push(makeGenericNameIssue(entity.id, key, value, langCode));
-             }
+               var oldMPClass = oldMultiPolygonOuters[d.id] ? 'old-multipolygon ' : '';
+               return prefix + ' ' + klass + ' ' + selectedClass + oldMPClass + d.id;
+             }).classed('added', function (d) {
+               return !base.entities[d.id];
+             }).classed('geometry-edited', function (d) {
+               return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
+             }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
+               return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
+             }).call(svgTagClasses()).merge(lines).sort(waystack).attr('d', getPath).call(svgTagClasses().tags(svgRelationMemberTags(graph)));
+             return selection;
            }
 
-           return issues;
-         };
-
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
+           function getPathData(isSelected) {
+             return function () {
+               var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
+               var data = pathdata[layer] || [];
+               return data.filter(function (d) {
+                 if (isSelected) {
+                   return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) !== -1;
+                 } else {
+                   return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) === -1;
+                 }
+               });
+             };
+           }
 
-       function validationUnsquareWay(context) {
-         var type = 'unsquare_way';
-         var DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD = 5; // see also issues.js
-         // use looser epsilon for detection to reduce warnings of buildings that are essentially square already
+           function addMarkers(layergroup, pathclass, groupclass, groupdata, marker) {
+             var markergroup = layergroup.selectAll('g.' + groupclass).data([pathclass]);
+             markergroup = markergroup.enter().append('g').attr('class', groupclass).merge(markergroup);
+             var markers = markergroup.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(function data() {
+               return groupdata[this.parentNode.__data__] || [];
+             }, function key(d) {
+               return [d.id, d.index];
+             });
+             markers.exit().remove();
+             markers = markers.enter().append('path').attr('class', pathclass).merge(markers).attr('marker-mid', marker).attr('d', function (d) {
+               return d.d;
+             });
 
-         var epsilon = 0.05;
-         var nodeThreshold = 10;
+             if (detected.ie) {
+               markers.each(function () {
+                 this.parentNode.insertBefore(this, this);
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
-         function isBuilding(entity, graph) {
-           if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') return false;
-           return entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
-         }
+           var getPath = svgPath(projection, graph);
+           var ways = [];
+           var onewaydata = {};
+           var sideddata = {};
+           var oldMultiPolygonOuters = {};
 
-         var validation = function checkUnsquareWay(entity, graph) {
-           if (!isBuilding(entity, graph)) return []; // don't flag ways marked as physically unsquare
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             var outer = osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
 
-           if (entity.tags.nonsquare === 'yes') return [];
-           var isClosed = entity.isClosed();
-           if (!isClosed) return []; // this building has bigger problems
-           // don't flag ways with lots of nodes since they are likely detail-mapped
+             if (outer) {
+               ways.push(entity.mergeTags(outer.tags));
+               oldMultiPolygonOuters[outer.id] = true;
+             } else if (entity.geometry(graph) === 'line') {
+               ways.push(entity);
+             }
+           }
 
-           var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity).slice(); // shallow copy
+           ways = ways.filter(getPath);
+           var pathdata = utilArrayGroupBy(ways, function (way) {
+             return way.layer();
+           });
+           Object.keys(pathdata).forEach(function (k) {
+             var v = pathdata[k];
+             var onewayArr = v.filter(function (d) {
+               return d.isOneWay();
+             });
+             var onewaySegments = svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, 35, function shouldReverse(entity) {
+               return entity.tags.oneway === '-1';
+             }, function bothDirections(entity) {
+               return entity.tags.oneway === 'reversible' || entity.tags.oneway === 'alternating';
+             });
+             onewaydata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(onewayArr.map(onewaySegments));
+             var sidedArr = v.filter(function (d) {
+               return d.isSided();
+             });
+             var sidedSegments = svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, 30, function shouldReverse() {
+               return false;
+             }, function bothDirections() {
+               return false;
+             });
+             sideddata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(sidedArr.map(sidedSegments));
+           });
+           var covered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.covered'); // under areas
 
-           if (nodes.length > nodeThreshold + 1) return []; // +1 because closing node appears twice
-           // ignore if not all nodes are fully downloaded
+           var uncovered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.lines'); // over areas
 
-           var osm = services.osm;
-           if (!osm || nodes.some(function (node) {
-             return !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc);
-           })) return []; // don't flag connected ways to avoid unresolvable unsquare loops
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.lines'); // Draw lines..
 
-           var hasConnectedSquarableWays = nodes.some(function (node) {
-             return graph.parentWays(node).some(function (way) {
-               if (way.id === entity.id) return false;
-               if (isBuilding(way, graph)) return true;
-               return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function (parentRelation) {
-                 return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && parentRelation.tags.building && parentRelation.tags.building !== 'no';
-               });
+           [covered, uncovered].forEach(function (selection) {
+             var range = selection === covered ? range$1(-10, 0) : range$1(0, 11);
+             var layergroup = selection.selectAll('g.layergroup').data(range);
+             layergroup = layergroup.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'layergroup layer' + String(d);
+             }).merge(layergroup);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.linegroup').data(['shadow', 'casing', 'stroke', 'shadow-highlighted', 'casing-highlighted', 'stroke-highlighted']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'linegroup line-' + d;
+             });
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow').call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', false);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing').call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', false);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke').call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', false);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow-highlighted').call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', true);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing-highlighted').call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', true);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke-highlighted').call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', true);
+             addMarkers(layergroup, 'oneway', 'onewaygroup', onewaydata, 'url(#ideditor-oneway-marker)');
+             addMarkers(layergroup, 'sided', 'sidedgroup', sideddata, function marker(d) {
+               var category = graph.entity(d.id).sidednessIdentifier();
+               return 'url(#ideditor-sided-marker-' + category + ')';
              });
-           });
-           if (hasConnectedSquarableWays) return []; // user-configurable square threshold
+           }); // Draw touch targets..
 
-           var storedDegreeThreshold = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
-           var degreeThreshold = isNaN(storedDegreeThreshold) ? DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD : parseFloat(storedDegreeThreshold);
-           var points = nodes.map(function (node) {
-             return context.projection(node.loc);
-           });
-           if (!geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(points, isClosed, epsilon, degreeThreshold, true)) return [];
-           var autoArgs; // don't allow autosquaring features linked to wikidata
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, ways, filter);
+         }
 
-           if (!entity.tags.wikidata) {
-             // use same degree threshold as for detection
-             var autoAction = actionOrthogonalize(entity.id, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold);
-             autoAction.transitionable = false; // when autofixing, do it instantly
+         return drawLines;
+       }
 
-             autoArgs = [autoAction, _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature', {
-               n: 1
-             })];
-           }
+       function svgMidpoints(projection, context) {
+         var targetRadius = 8;
 
-           return [new validationIssue({
-             type: type,
-             subtype: 'building',
-             severity: 'warning',
-             message: function message(context) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-               return entity ? _t.html('issues.unsquare_way.message', {
-                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-               }) : '';
-             },
-             reference: showReference,
-             entityIds: [entity.id],
-             hash: JSON.stringify(autoArgs !== undefined) + degreeThreshold,
-             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
-               return [new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'iD-operation-orthogonalize',
-                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.square_feature.title'),
-                 autoArgs: autoArgs,
-                 onClick: function onClick(context, completionHandler) {
-                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0]; // use same degree threshold as for detection
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
+           var data = entities.map(function (midpoint) {
+             return {
+               type: 'Feature',
+               id: midpoint.id,
+               properties: {
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: midpoint
+               },
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'Point',
+                 coordinates: midpoint.loc
+               }
+             };
+           });
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.midpoint.target').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(data, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-                   context.perform(actionOrthogonalize(entityId, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold), _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature', {
-                     n: 1
-                   })); // run after the squaring transition (currently 150ms)
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-                   window.setTimeout(function () {
-                     completionHandler();
-                   }, 175);
-                 }
-               })
-               /*
-               new validationIssueFix({
-                   title: t.html('issues.fix.tag_as_unsquare.title'),
-                   onClick: function(context) {
-                       var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                       var entity = context.entity(entityId);
-                       var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
-                       tags.nonsquare = 'yes';
-                       context.perform(
-                           actionChangeTags(entityId, tags),
-                           t('issues.fix.tag_as_unsquare.annotation')
-                       );
-                   }
-               })
-               */
-               ];
-             }
-           })];
+           targets.enter().append('circle').attr('r', targetRadius).merge(targets).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node midpoint target ' + fillClass + d.id;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+         }
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(_t.html('issues.unsquare_way.buildings.reference'));
+         function drawMidpoints(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent) {
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.midpoints');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');
+           var mode = context.mode();
+
+           if (mode && mode.id !== 'select' || !context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.midpoint.target').remove();
+             return;
            }
-         };
 
-         validation.type = type;
-         return validation;
-       }
+           var poly = extent.polygon();
+           var midpoints = {};
 
-       var Validations = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
-               __proto__: null,
-               validationAlmostJunction: validationAlmostJunction,
-               validationCloseNodes: validationCloseNodes,
-               validationCrossingWays: validationCrossingWays,
-               validationDisconnectedWay: validationDisconnectedWay,
-               validationFormatting: validationFormatting,
-               validationHelpRequest: validationHelpRequest,
-               validationImpossibleOneway: validationImpossibleOneway,
-               validationIncompatibleSource: validationIncompatibleSource,
-               validationMaprules: validationMaprules,
-               validationMismatchedGeometry: validationMismatchedGeometry,
-               validationMissingRole: validationMissingRole,
-               validationMissingTag: validationMissingTag,
-               validationOutdatedTags: validationOutdatedTags,
-               validationPrivateData: validationPrivateData,
-               validationSuspiciousName: validationSuspiciousName,
-               validationUnsquareWay: validationUnsquareWay
-       });
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             if (entity.type !== 'way') continue;
+             if (!filter(entity)) continue;
+             if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(entity.id) < 0) continue;
+             var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity);
 
-       function coreValidator(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('validated', 'focusedIssue');
-         var validator = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
-         var _rules = {};
-         var _disabledRules = {};
-         var _ignoredIssueIDs = {}; // issue.id -> true
+             for (var j = 0; j < nodes.length - 1; j++) {
+               var a = nodes[j];
+               var b = nodes[j + 1];
+               var id = [a.id, b.id].sort().join('-');
 
-         var _baseCache = validationCache(); // issues before any user edits
+               if (midpoints[id]) {
+                 midpoints[id].parents.push(entity);
+               } else if (geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc)) > 40) {
+                 var point = geoVecInterp(a.loc, b.loc, 0.5);
+                 var loc = null;
 
+                 if (extent.intersects(point)) {
+                   loc = point;
+                 } else {
+                   for (var k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
+                     point = geoLineIntersection([a.loc, b.loc], [poly[k], poly[k + 1]]);
 
-         var _headCache = validationCache(); // issues after all user edits
+                     if (point && geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(point)) > 20 && geoVecLength(projection(b.loc), projection(point)) > 20) {
+                       loc = point;
+                       break;
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
 
+                 if (loc) {
+                   midpoints[id] = {
+                     type: 'midpoint',
+                     id: id,
+                     loc: loc,
+                     edge: [a.id, b.id],
+                     parents: [entity]
+                   };
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-         var _validatedGraph = null;
+           function midpointFilter(d) {
+             if (midpoints[d.id]) return true;
 
-         var _deferred = new Set(); //
-         // initialize the validator rulesets
-         //
+             for (var i = 0; i < d.parents.length; i++) {
+               if (filter(d.parents[i])) {
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
+             return false;
+           }
 
-         validator.init = function () {
-           Object.values(Validations).forEach(function (validation) {
-             if (typeof validation !== 'function') return;
-             var fn = validation(context);
-             var key = fn.type;
-             _rules[key] = fn;
+           var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint').filter(midpointFilter).data(Object.values(midpoints), function (d) {
+             return d.id;
            });
-           var disabledRules = corePreferences('validate-disabledRules');
-
-           if (disabledRules) {
-             disabledRules.split(',').forEach(function (key) {
-               _disabledRules[key] = true;
-             });
-           }
-         };
+           groups.exit().remove();
+           var enter = groups.enter().insert('g', ':first-child').attr('class', 'midpoint');
+           enter.append('polygon').attr('points', '-6,8 10,0 -6,-8').attr('class', 'shadow');
+           enter.append('polygon').attr('points', '-3,4 5,0 -3,-4').attr('class', 'fill');
+           groups = groups.merge(enter).attr('transform', function (d) {
+             var translate = svgPointTransform(projection);
+             var a = graph.entity(d.edge[0]);
+             var b = graph.entity(d.edge[1]);
+             var angle = geoAngle(a, b, projection) * (180 / Math.PI);
+             return translate(d) + ' rotate(' + angle + ')';
+           }).call(svgTagClasses().tags(function (d) {
+             return d.parents[0].tags;
+           })); // Propagate data bindings.
 
-         function reset(resetIgnored) {
-           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
-             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
+           groups.select('polygon.shadow');
+           groups.select('polygon.fill'); // Draw touch targets..
 
-             _deferred["delete"](handle);
-           }); // clear caches
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, Object.values(midpoints), midpointFilter);
+         }
 
-           if (resetIgnored) _ignoredIssueIDs = {};
-           _baseCache = validationCache();
-           _headCache = validationCache();
-           _validatedGraph = null;
-         } //
-         // clear caches, called whenever iD resets after a save
-         //
+         return drawMidpoints;
+       }
 
+       function svgPoints(projection, context) {
+         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -23)').attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
+         }
 
-         validator.reset = function () {
-           reset(true);
-         };
+         function sortY(a, b) {
+           return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+         } // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
+         // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
 
-         validator.resetIgnoredIssues = function () {
-           _ignoredIssueIDs = {}; // reload UI
 
-           dispatch$1.call('validated');
-         }; // must update issues when the user changes the unsquare thereshold
+         function fastEntityKey(d) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
+           return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
+         }
 
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var data = [];
+           entities.forEach(function (node) {
+             if (activeID === node.id) return; // draw no target on the activeID
 
-         validator.reloadUnsquareIssues = function () {
-           reloadUnsquareIssues(_headCache, context.graph());
-           reloadUnsquareIssues(_baseCache, context.history().base());
-           dispatch$1.call('validated');
-         };
+             data.push({
+               type: 'Feature',
+               id: node.id,
+               properties: {
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: node
+               },
+               geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
+             });
+           });
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.point.target').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(data, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-         function reloadUnsquareIssues(cache, graph) {
-           var checkUnsquareWay = _rules.unsquare_way;
-           if (typeof checkUnsquareWay !== 'function') return; // uncache existing
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-           cache.uncacheIssuesOfType('unsquare_way');
-           var buildings = context.history().tree().intersects(geoExtent([-180, -90], [180, 90]), graph) // everywhere
-           .filter(function (entity) {
-             return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
-           }); // rerun for all buildings
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('x', -10).attr('y', -26).attr('width', 20).attr('height', 30).merge(targets).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node point target ' + fillClass + d.id;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+         }
 
-           buildings.forEach(function (entity) {
-             var detected = checkUnsquareWay(entity, graph);
-             if (detected.length !== 1) return;
-             var issue = detected[0];
+         function drawPoints(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           var base = context.history().base(); // Points with a direction will render as vertices at higher zooms..
 
-             if (!cache.issuesByEntityID[entity.id]) {
-               cache.issuesByEntityID[entity.id] = new Set();
-             }
+           function renderAsPoint(entity) {
+             return entity.geometry(graph) === 'point' && !(zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length);
+           } // All points will render as vertices in wireframe mode too..
 
-             cache.issuesByEntityID[entity.id].add(issue.id);
-             cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id] = issue;
-           });
-         } // options = {
-         //     what: 'all',     // 'all' or 'edited'
-         //     where: 'all',   // 'all' or 'visible'
-         //     includeIgnored: false   // true, false, or 'only'
-         //     includeDisabledRules: false   // true, false, or 'only'
-         // };
 
+           var points = wireframe ? [] : entities.filter(renderAsPoint);
+           points.sort(sortY);
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.points');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points'); // Draw points..
 
-         validator.getIssues = function (options) {
-           var opts = Object.assign({
-             what: 'all',
-             where: 'all',
-             includeIgnored: false,
-             includeDisabledRules: false
-           }, options);
-           var issues = Object.values(_headCache.issuesByIssueID);
-           var view = context.map().extent();
-           return issues.filter(function (issue) {
-             if (!issue) return false;
-             if (opts.includeDisabledRules === 'only' && !_disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
-             if (!opts.includeDisabledRules && _disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
-             if (opts.includeIgnored === 'only' && !_ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) return false;
-             if (!opts.includeIgnored && _ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) return false; // Sanity check:  This issue may be for an entity that not longer exists.
-             // If we detect this, uncache and return false so it is not included..
+           var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.point').filter(filter).data(points, fastEntityKey);
+           groups.exit().remove();
+           var enter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node point ' + d.id;
+           }).order();
+           enter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           enter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0.5).attr('cy', 1).attr('rx', 6.5).attr('ry', 3).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           enter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'stroke');
+           enter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-5, -19)').attr('class', 'icon').attr('width', '11px').attr('height', '11px');
+           groups = groups.merge(enter).attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection)).classed('added', function (d) {
+             return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
+           }).classed('moved', function (d) {
+             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
+           }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
+             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
+           }).call(svgTagClasses());
+           groups.select('.shadow'); // propagate bound data
 
-             var entityIds = issue.entityIds || [];
+           groups.select('.stroke'); // propagate bound data
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < entityIds.length; i++) {
-               var entityId = entityIds[i];
+           groups.select('.icon') // propagate bound data
+           .attr('xlink:href', function (entity) {
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+             var picon = preset && preset.icon;
 
-               if (!context.hasEntity(entityId)) {
-                 delete _headCache.issuesByEntityID[entityId];
-                 delete _headCache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
-                 return false;
-               }
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
              }
+           }); // Draw touch targets..
 
-             if (opts.what === 'edited' && _baseCache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id]) return false;
-
-             if (opts.where === 'visible') {
-               var extent = issue.extent(context.graph());
-               if (!view.intersects(extent)) return false;
-             }
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, points, filter);
+         }
 
-             return true;
-           });
-         };
+         return drawPoints;
+       }
 
-         validator.getResolvedIssues = function () {
-           var baseIssues = Object.values(_baseCache.issuesByIssueID);
-           return baseIssues.filter(function (issue) {
-             return !_headCache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
-           });
-         };
+       function svgTurns(projection, context) {
+         function icon(turn) {
+           var u = turn.u ? '-u' : '';
+           if (turn.no) return '#iD-turn-no' + u;
+           if (turn.only) return '#iD-turn-only' + u;
+           return '#iD-turn-yes' + u;
+         }
 
-         validator.focusIssue = function (issue) {
-           var extent = issue.extent(context.graph());
+         function drawTurns(selection, graph, turns) {
+           function turnTransform(d) {
+             var pxRadius = 50;
+             var toWay = graph.entity(d.to.way);
+             var toPoints = graph.childNodes(toWay).map(function (n) {
+               return n.loc;
+             }).map(projection);
+             var toLength = geoPathLength(toPoints);
+             var mid = toLength / 2; // midpoint of destination way
 
-           if (extent) {
-             var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
-             context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(extent.center(), setZoom); // select the first entity
+             var toNode = graph.entity(d.to.node);
+             var toVertex = graph.entity(d.to.vertex);
+             var a = geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection);
+             var o = projection(toVertex.loc);
+             var r = d.u ? 0 // u-turn: no radius
+             : !toWay.__via ? pxRadius // leaf way: put marker at pxRadius
+             : Math.min(mid, pxRadius); // via way: prefer pxRadius, fallback to mid for very short ways
 
-             if (issue.entityIds && issue.entityIds.length) {
-               window.setTimeout(function () {
-                 var ids = issue.entityIds;
-                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, [ids[0]]));
-                 dispatch$1.call('focusedIssue', this, issue);
-               }, 250); // after ease
-             }
+             return 'translate(' + (r * Math.cos(a) + o[0]) + ',' + (r * Math.sin(a) + o[1]) + ') ' + 'rotate(' + a * 180 / Math.PI + ')';
            }
-         };
 
-         validator.getIssuesBySeverity = function (options) {
-           var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(validator.getIssues(options), 'severity');
-           groups.error = groups.error || [];
-           groups.warning = groups.warning || [];
-           return groups;
-         }; // show some issue types in a particular order
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.turns');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.turns'); // Draw turns..
 
+           var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.turn').data(turns, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // exit
 
-         var orderedIssueTypes = [// flag missing data first
-         'missing_tag', 'missing_role', // then flag identity issues
-         'outdated_tags', 'mismatched_geometry', // flag geometry issues where fixing them might solve connectivity issues
-         'crossing_ways', 'almost_junction', // then flag connectivity issues
-         'disconnected_way', 'impossible_oneway']; // returns the issues that the given entity IDs have in common, matching the given options
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         validator.getSharedEntityIssues = function (entityIDs, options) {
-           var cache = _headCache; // gather the issues that are common to all the entities
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'turn ' + d.key;
+           });
+           var turnsEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.u;
+           });
+           turnsEnter.append('rect').attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)').attr('width', '44').attr('height', '24');
+           turnsEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)').attr('width', '44').attr('height', '24');
+           var uEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.u;
+           });
+           uEnter.append('circle').attr('r', '16');
+           uEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-16, -16)').attr('width', '32').attr('height', '32'); // update
 
-           var issueIDs = entityIDs.reduce(function (acc, entityID) {
-             var entityIssueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID] || new Set();
+           groups = groups.merge(groupsEnter).attr('opacity', function (d) {
+             return d.direct === false ? '0.7' : null;
+           }).attr('transform', turnTransform);
+           groups.select('use').attr('xlink:href', icon);
+           groups.select('rect'); // propagate bound data
 
-             if (!acc) {
-               return new Set(entityIssueIDs);
-             }
+           groups.select('circle'); // propagate bound data
+           // Draw touch targets..
 
-             return new Set(_toConsumableArray(acc).filter(function (elem) {
-               return entityIssueIDs.has(elem);
-             }));
-           }, null) || [];
-           var opts = options || {};
-           return Array.from(issueIDs).map(function (id) {
-             return cache.issuesByIssueID[id];
-           }).filter(function (issue) {
-             if (!issue) return false;
-             if (opts.includeDisabledRules === 'only' && !_disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
-             if (!opts.includeDisabledRules && _disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
-             if (opts.includeIgnored === 'only' && !_ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) return false;
-             if (!opts.includeIgnored && _ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) return false;
-             return true;
-           }).sort(function (issue1, issue2) {
-             if (issue1.type === issue2.type) {
-               // issues of the same type, sort deterministically
-               return issue1.id < issue2.id ? -1 : 1;
-             }
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           groups = touchLayer.selectAll('g.turn').data(turns, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // exit
 
-             var index1 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue1.type);
-             var index2 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue2.type);
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-             if (index1 !== -1 && index2 !== -1) {
-               // both issue types have explicit sort orders
-               return index1 - index2;
-             } else if (index1 === -1 && index2 === -1) {
-               // neither issue type has an explicit sort order, sort by type
-               return issue1.type < issue2.type ? -1 : 1;
-             } else {
-               // order explicit types before everything else
-               return index1 !== -1 ? -1 : 1;
-             }
+           groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'turn ' + d.key;
            });
-         };
-
-         validator.getEntityIssues = function (entityID, options) {
-           return validator.getSharedEntityIssues([entityID], options);
-         };
+           turnsEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.u;
+           });
+           turnsEnter.append('rect').attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass).attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)').attr('width', '44').attr('height', '24');
+           uEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.u;
+           });
+           uEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass).attr('r', '16'); // update
 
-         validator.getRuleKeys = function () {
-           return Object.keys(_rules);
-         };
+           groups = groups.merge(groupsEnter).attr('transform', turnTransform);
+           groups.select('rect'); // propagate bound data
 
-         validator.isRuleEnabled = function (key) {
-           return !_disabledRules[key];
-         };
+           groups.select('circle'); // propagate bound data
 
-         validator.toggleRule = function (key) {
-           if (_disabledRules[key]) {
-             delete _disabledRules[key];
-           } else {
-             _disabledRules[key] = true;
-           }
+           return this;
+         }
 
-           corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
-           validator.validate();
-         };
+         return drawTurns;
+       }
 
-         validator.disableRules = function (keys) {
-           _disabledRules = {};
-           keys.forEach(function (k) {
-             _disabledRules[k] = true;
-           });
-           corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
-           validator.validate();
+       function svgVertices(projection, context) {
+         var radiuses = {
+           //       z16-, z17,   z18+,  w/icon
+           shadow: [6, 7.5, 7.5, 12],
+           stroke: [2.5, 3.5, 3.5, 8],
+           fill: [1, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5]
          };
 
-         validator.ignoreIssue = function (id) {
-           _ignoredIssueIDs[id] = true;
-         }; //
-         // Run validation on a single entity for the given graph
-         //
+         var _currHoverTarget;
 
+         var _currPersistent = {};
+         var _currHover = {};
+         var _prevHover = {};
+         var _currSelected = {};
+         var _prevSelected = {};
+         var _radii = {};
 
-         function validateEntity(entity, graph) {
-           var entityIssues = []; // runs validation and appends resulting issues
+         function sortY(a, b) {
+           return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+         } // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
+         // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
 
-           function runValidation(key) {
-             var fn = _rules[key];
 
-             if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
-               console.error('no such validation rule = ' + key); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+         function fastEntityKey(d) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
+           return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
+         }
 
-               return;
-             }
+         function draw(selection, graph, vertices, sets, filter) {
+           sets = sets || {
+             selected: {},
+             important: {},
+             hovered: {}
+           };
+           var icons = {};
+           var directions = {};
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           var z = zoom < 17 ? 0 : zoom < 18 ? 1 : 2;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var base = context.history().base();
 
-             var detected = fn(entity, graph);
-             entityIssues = entityIssues.concat(detected);
-           } // run all rules
+           function getIcon(d) {
+             // always check latest entity, as fastEntityKey avoids enter/exit now
+             var entity = graph.entity(d.id);
+             if (entity.id in icons) return icons[entity.id];
+             icons[entity.id] = entity.hasInterestingTags() && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph).icon;
+             return icons[entity.id];
+           } // memoize directions results, return false for empty arrays (for use in filter)
 
 
-           Object.keys(_rules).forEach(runValidation);
-           return entityIssues;
-         }
+           function getDirections(entity) {
+             if (entity.id in directions) return directions[entity.id];
+             var angles = entity.directions(graph, projection);
+             directions[entity.id] = angles.length ? angles : false;
+             return angles;
+           }
 
-         function entityIDsToValidate(entityIDs, graph) {
-           var processedIDs = new Set();
-           return entityIDs.reduce(function (acc, entityID) {
-             // keep redundancy check separate from `acc` because an `entityID`
-             // could have been added to `acc` as a related entity through an earlier pass
-             if (processedIDs.has(entityID)) return acc;
-             processedIDs.add(entityID);
-             var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
-             if (!entity) return acc;
-             acc.add(entityID);
-             var checkParentRels = [entity];
+           function updateAttributes(selection) {
+             ['shadow', 'stroke', 'fill'].forEach(function (klass) {
+               var rads = radiuses[klass];
+               selection.selectAll('.' + klass).each(function (entity) {
+                 var i = z && getIcon(entity);
+                 var r = rads[i ? 3 : z]; // slightly increase the size of unconnected endpoints #3775
 
-             if (entity.type === 'node') {
-               graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (parentWay) {
-                 acc.add(parentWay.id); // include parent ways
+                 if (entity.id !== activeID && entity.isEndpoint(graph) && !entity.isConnected(graph)) {
+                   r += 1.5;
+                 }
 
-                 checkParentRels.push(parentWay);
-               });
-             } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
-               entity.members.forEach(function (member) {
-                 acc.add(member.id); // include members
-               });
-             } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-               entity.nodes.forEach(function (nodeID) {
-                 acc.add(nodeID); // include child nodes
+                 if (klass === 'shadow') {
+                   // remember this value, so we don't need to
+                   _radii[entity.id] = r; // recompute it when we draw the touch targets
+                 }
 
-                 graph._parentWays[nodeID].forEach(function (wayID) {
-                   acc.add(wayID); // include connected ways
-                 });
+                 select(this).attr('r', r).attr('visibility', i && klass === 'fill' ? 'hidden' : null);
                });
-             }
-
-             checkParentRels.forEach(function (entity) {
-               // include parent relations
-               if (entity.type !== 'relation') {
-                 // but not super-relations
-                 graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (parentRelation) {
-                   acc.add(parentRelation.id);
-                 });
-               }
              });
-             return acc;
-           }, new Set());
-         } //
-         // Run validation for several entities, supplied `entityIDs`,
-         // against `graph` for the given `cache`
-         //
-
-
-         function validateEntities(entityIDs, graph, cache) {
-           // clear caches for existing issues related to these entities
-           entityIDs.forEach(cache.uncacheEntityID); // detect new issues and update caches
+           }
 
-           entityIDs.forEach(function (entityID) {
-             var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID); // don't validate deleted entities
+           vertices.sort(sortY);
+           var groups = selection.selectAll('g.vertex').filter(filter).data(vertices, fastEntityKey); // exit
 
-             if (!entity) return;
-             var issues = validateEntity(entity, graph);
-             cache.cacheIssues(issues);
-           });
-         } //
-         // Validates anything that has changed since the last time it was run.
-         // Also updates the "validatedGraph" to be the current graph
-         // and dispatches a `validated` event when finished.
-         //
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
+           var enter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node vertex ' + d.id;
+           }).order();
+           enter.append('circle').attr('class', 'shadow');
+           enter.append('circle').attr('class', 'stroke'); // Vertices with tags get a fill.
 
-         validator.validate = function () {
-           var currGraph = context.graph();
-           _validatedGraph = _validatedGraph || context.history().base();
+           enter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.hasInterestingTags();
+           }).append('circle').attr('class', 'fill'); // update
 
-           if (currGraph === _validatedGraph) {
-             dispatch$1.call('validated');
-             return;
-           }
+           groups = groups.merge(enter).attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection)).classed('sibling', function (d) {
+             return d.id in sets.selected;
+           }).classed('shared', function (d) {
+             return graph.isShared(d);
+           }).classed('endpoint', function (d) {
+             return d.isEndpoint(graph);
+           }).classed('added', function (d) {
+             return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
+           }).classed('moved', function (d) {
+             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
+           }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
+             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
+           }).call(updateAttributes); // Vertices with icons get a `use`.
 
-           var oldGraph = _validatedGraph;
-           var difference = coreDifference(oldGraph, currGraph);
-           _validatedGraph = currGraph;
-           var createdAndModifiedEntityIDs = difference.extantIDs(true); // created/modified (true = w/relation members)
+           var iconUse = groups.selectAll('.icon').data(function data(d) {
+             return zoom >= 17 && getIcon(d) ? [d] : [];
+           }, fastEntityKey); // exit
 
-           var entityIDsToCheck = entityIDsToValidate(createdAndModifiedEntityIDs, currGraph); // check modified and deleted entities against the old graph in order to update their related entities
-           // (e.g. deleting the only highway connected to a road should create a disconnected highway issue)
+           iconUse.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           var modifiedAndDeletedEntityIDs = difference.deleted().concat(difference.modified()).map(function (entity) {
-             return entity.id;
-           });
-           var entityIDsToCheckForOldGraph = entityIDsToValidate(modifiedAndDeletedEntityIDs, oldGraph); // concat the sets
+           iconUse.enter().append('use').attr('class', 'icon').attr('width', '11px').attr('height', '11px').attr('transform', 'translate(-5.5, -5.5)').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = getIcon(d);
+             var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+             return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+           }); // Vertices with directions get viewfields
 
-           entityIDsToCheckForOldGraph.forEach(entityIDsToCheck.add, entityIDsToCheck);
-           validateEntities(entityIDsToCheck, context.graph(), _headCache);
-           dispatch$1.call('validated');
-         };
+           var dgroups = groups.selectAll('.viewfieldgroup').data(function data(d) {
+             return zoom >= 18 && getDirections(d) ? [d] : [];
+           }, fastEntityKey); // exit
 
-         context.history().on('reset.validator', function () {
-           // cached issues aren't valid any longer if the history has been reset
-           reset(false);
-           validator.validate();
-         }); // WHEN TO RUN VALIDATION:
-         // When graph changes:
+           dgroups.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-         context.history().on('restore.validator', validator.validate) // restore saved history
-         .on('undone.validator', validator.validate) // undo
-         .on('redone.validator', validator.validate); // redo
-         // but not on 'change' (e.g. while drawing)
-         // When user changes editing modes:
+           dgroups = dgroups.enter().insert('g', '.shadow').attr('class', 'viewfieldgroup').merge(dgroups);
+           var viewfields = dgroups.selectAll('.viewfield').data(getDirections, function key(d) {
+             return osmEntity.key(d);
+           }); // exit
 
-         context.on('exit.validator', validator.validate); // When merging fetched data:
+           viewfields.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-         context.history().on('merge.validator', function (entities) {
-           if (!entities) return;
-           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-             var entityIDs = entities.map(function (entity) {
-               return entity.id;
-             });
-             var headGraph = context.graph();
-             validateEntities(entityIDsToValidate(entityIDs, headGraph), headGraph, _headCache);
-             var baseGraph = context.history().base();
-             validateEntities(entityIDsToValidate(entityIDs, baseGraph), baseGraph, _baseCache);
-             dispatch$1.call('validated');
+           viewfields.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('d', 'M0,0H0').merge(viewfields).attr('marker-start', 'url(#ideditor-viewfield-marker' + (wireframe ? '-wireframe' : '') + ')').attr('transform', function (d) {
+             return 'rotate(' + d + ')';
            });
+         }
 
-           _deferred.add(handle);
-         });
-         return validator;
-       }
-
-       function validationCache() {
-         var cache = {
-           issuesByIssueID: {},
-           // issue.id -> issue
-           issuesByEntityID: {} // entity.id -> set(issue.id)
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var data = {
+             targets: [],
+             nopes: []
+           };
+           entities.forEach(function (node) {
+             if (activeID === node.id) return; // draw no target on the activeID
 
-         };
+             var vertexType = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
 
-         cache.cacheIssues = function (issues) {
-           issues.forEach(function (issue) {
-             var entityIds = issue.entityIds || [];
-             entityIds.forEach(function (entityId) {
-               if (!cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId]) {
-                 cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId] = new Set();
-               }
+             if (vertexType !== 0) {
+               // passive or adjacent - allow to connect
+               data.targets.push({
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 id: node.id,
+                 properties: {
+                   target: true,
+                   entity: node
+                 },
+                 geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
+               });
+             } else {
+               data.nopes.push({
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 id: node.id + '-nope',
+                 properties: {
+                   nope: true,
+                   target: true,
+                   entity: node
+                 },
+                 geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
+               });
+             }
+           }); // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
 
-               cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId].add(issue.id);
-             });
-             cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id] = issue;
-           });
-         };
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-allowed').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(data.targets, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-         cache.uncacheIssue = function (issue) {
-           // When multiple entities are involved (e.g. crossing_ways),
-           // remove this issue from the other entity caches too..
-           var entityIds = issue.entityIds || [];
-           entityIds.forEach(function (entityId) {
-             if (cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId]) {
-               cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId]["delete"](issue.id);
-             }
-           });
-           delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
-         };
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-         cache.uncacheIssues = function (issues) {
-           issues.forEach(cache.uncacheIssue);
-         };
+           targets.enter().append('circle').attr('r', function (d) {
+             return _radii[d.id] || radiuses.shadow[3];
+           }).merge(targets).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node vertex target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // NOPE
 
-         cache.uncacheIssuesOfType = function (type) {
-           var issuesOfType = Object.values(cache.issuesByIssueID).filter(function (issue) {
-             return issue.type === type;
-           });
-           cache.uncacheIssues(issuesOfType);
-         }; //
-         // Remove a single entity and all its related issues from the caches
-         //
+           var nopes = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-nope').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(data.nopes, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
+           nopes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-         cache.uncacheEntityID = function (entityID) {
-           var issueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
-           if (!issueIDs) return;
-           issueIDs.forEach(function (issueID) {
-             var issue = cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
+           nopes.enter().append('circle').attr('r', function (d) {
+             return _radii[d.properties.entity.id] || radiuses.shadow[3];
+           }).merge(nopes).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node vertex target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+         } // Points can also render as vertices:
+         // 1. in wireframe mode or
+         // 2. at higher zooms if they have a direction
 
-             if (issue) {
-               cache.uncacheIssue(issue);
-             } else {
-               delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
-             }
-           });
-           delete cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
-         };
 
-         return cache;
-       }
+         function renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           return geometry === 'vertex' || geometry === 'point' && (wireframe || zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length);
+         }
 
-       function coreUploader(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch( // Start and end events are dispatched exactly once each per legitimate outside call to `save`
-         'saveStarted', // dispatched as soon as a call to `save` has been deemed legitimate
-         'saveEnded', // dispatched after the result event has been dispatched
-         'willAttemptUpload', // dispatched before the actual upload call occurs, if it will
-         'progressChanged', // Each save results in one of these outcomes:
-         'resultNoChanges', // upload wasn't attempted since there were no edits
-         'resultErrors', // upload failed due to errors
-         'resultConflicts', // upload failed due to data conflicts
-         'resultSuccess' // upload completed without errors
-         );
-         var _isSaving = false;
-         var _conflicts = [];
-         var _errors = [];
+         function isEditedNode(node, base, head) {
+           var baseNode = base.entities[node.id];
+           var headNode = head.entities[node.id];
+           return !headNode || !baseNode || !fastDeepEqual(headNode.tags, baseNode.tags) || !fastDeepEqual(headNode.loc, baseNode.loc);
+         }
 
-         var _origChanges;
+         function getSiblingAndChildVertices(ids, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
+           var results = {};
+           var seenIds = {};
 
-         var _discardTags = {};
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded').then(function (d) {
-           _discardTags = d;
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         });
-         var uploader = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
+           function addChildVertices(entity) {
+             // avoid redundant work and infinite recursion of circular relations
+             if (seenIds[entity.id]) return;
+             seenIds[entity.id] = true;
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
 
-         uploader.isSaving = function () {
-           return _isSaving;
-         };
+             if (!context.features().isHiddenFeature(entity, graph, geometry)) {
+               var i;
 
-         uploader.save = function (changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts) {
-           // Guard against accidentally entering save code twice - #4641
-           if (_isSaving && !tryAgain) {
-             return;
-           }
+               if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                 for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
+                   var child = graph.hasEntity(entity.nodes[i]);
 
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           if (!osm) return; // If user somehow got logged out mid-save, try to reauthenticate..
-           // This can happen if they were logged in from before, but the tokens are no longer valid.
+                   if (child) {
+                     addChildVertices(child);
+                   }
+                 }
+               } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
+                 for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
+                   var member = graph.hasEntity(entity.members[i].id);
 
-           if (!osm.authenticated()) {
-             osm.authenticate(function (err) {
-               if (!err) {
-                 uploader.save(changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts); // continue where we left off..
+                   if (member) {
+                     addChildVertices(member);
+                   }
+                 }
+               } else if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
+                 results[entity.id] = entity;
                }
-             });
-             return;
+             }
            }
 
-           if (!_isSaving) {
-             _isSaving = true;
-             dispatch$1.call('saveStarted', this);
-           }
+           ids.forEach(function (id) {
+             var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+             if (!entity) return;
 
-           var history = context.history();
-           _conflicts = [];
-           _errors = []; // Store original changes, in case user wants to download them as an .osc file
+             if (entity.type === 'node') {
+               if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
+                 results[entity.id] = entity;
+                 graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (entity) {
+                   addChildVertices(entity);
+                 });
+               }
+             } else {
+               // way, relation
+               addChildVertices(entity);
+             }
+           });
+           return results;
+         }
 
-           _origChanges = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags)); // First time, `history.perform` a no-op action.
-           // Any conflict resolutions will be done as `history.replace`
-           // Remember to pop this later if needed
+         function drawVertices(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent, fullRedraw) {
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var visualDiff = context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
+           var base = context.history().base();
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.vertices');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');
 
-           if (!tryAgain) {
-             history.perform(actionNoop());
-           } // Attempt a fast upload.. If there are conflicts, re-enter with `checkConflicts = true`
+           if (fullRedraw) {
+             _currPersistent = {};
+             _radii = {};
+           } // Collect important vertices from the `entities` list..
+           // (during a partial redraw, it will not contain everything)
 
 
-           if (!checkConflicts) {
-             upload(changeset); // Do the full (slow) conflict check..
-           } else {
-             performFullConflictCheck(changeset);
-           }
-         };
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+             var keep = false; // a point that looks like a vertex..
 
-         function performFullConflictCheck(changeset) {
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           if (!osm) return;
-           var history = context.history();
-           var localGraph = context.graph();
-           var remoteGraph = coreGraph(history.base(), true);
-           var summary = history.difference().summary();
-           var _toCheck = [];
+             if (geometry === 'point' && renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
+               _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
+               keep = true; // a vertex of some importance..
+             } else if (geometry === 'vertex' && (entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.isEndpoint(graph) || entity.isConnected(graph) || visualDiff && isEditedNode(entity, base, graph))) {
+               _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
+               keep = true;
+             } // whatever this is, it's not a persistent vertex..
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < summary.length; i++) {
-             var item = summary[i];
 
-             if (item.changeType === 'modified') {
-               _toCheck.push(item.entity.id);
+             if (!keep && !fullRedraw) {
+               delete _currPersistent[entity.id];
              }
-           }
+           } // 3 sets of vertices to consider:
 
-           var _toLoad = withChildNodes(_toCheck, localGraph);
 
-           var _loaded = {};
-           var _toLoadCount = 0;
-           var _toLoadTotal = _toLoad.length;
+           var sets = {
+             persistent: _currPersistent,
+             // persistent = important vertices (render always)
+             selected: _currSelected,
+             // selected + siblings of selected (render always)
+             hovered: _currHover // hovered + siblings of hovered (render only in draw modes)
 
-           if (_toCheck.length) {
-             dispatch$1.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);
+           };
+           var all = Object.assign({}, isMoving ? _currHover : {}, _currSelected, _currPersistent); // Draw the vertices..
+           // The filter function controls the scope of what objects d3 will touch (exit/enter/update)
+           // Adjust the filter function to expand the scope beyond whatever entities were passed in.
 
-             _toLoad.forEach(function (id) {
-               _loaded[id] = false;
-             });
+           var filterRendered = function filterRendered(d) {
+             return d.id in _currPersistent || d.id in _currSelected || d.id in _currHover || filter(d);
+           };
 
-             osm.loadMultiple(_toLoad, loaded);
-           } else {
-             upload(changeset);
-           }
+           drawLayer.call(draw, graph, currentVisible(all), sets, filterRendered); // Draw touch targets..
+           // When drawing, render all targets (not just those affected by a partial redraw)
 
-           return;
+           var filterTouch = function filterTouch(d) {
+             return isMoving ? true : filterRendered(d);
+           };
 
-           function withChildNodes(ids, graph) {
-             var s = new Set(ids);
-             ids.forEach(function (id) {
-               var entity = graph.entity(id);
-               if (entity.type !== 'way') return;
-               graph.childNodes(entity).forEach(function (child) {
-                 if (child.version !== undefined) {
-                   s.add(child.id);
-                 }
-               });
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, currentVisible(all), filterTouch);
+
+           function currentVisible(which) {
+             return Object.keys(which).map(graph.hasEntity, graph) // the current version of this entity
+             .filter(function (entity) {
+               return entity && entity.intersects(extent, graph);
              });
-             return Array.from(s);
-           } // Reload modified entities into an alternate graph and check for conflicts..
+           }
+         } // partial redraw - only update the selected items..
 
 
-           function loaded(err, result) {
-             if (_errors.length) return;
+         drawVertices.drawSelected = function (selection, graph, extent) {
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           _prevSelected = _currSelected || {};
 
-             if (err) {
-               _errors.push({
-                 msg: err.message || err.responseText,
-                 details: [_t('save.status_code', {
-                   code: err.status
-                 })]
-               });
+           if (context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
+             _currSelected = {};
+             context.selectedIDs().forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+               if (!entity) return;
 
-               didResultInErrors();
-             } else {
-               var loadMore = [];
-               result.data.forEach(function (entity) {
-                 remoteGraph.replace(entity);
-                 _loaded[entity.id] = true;
-                 _toLoad = _toLoad.filter(function (val) {
-                   return val !== entity.id;
-                 });
-                 if (!entity.visible) return; // Because loadMultiple doesn't download /full like loadEntity,
-                 // need to also load children that aren't already being checked..
+               if (entity.type === 'node') {
+                 if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
+                   _currSelected[entity.id] = entity;
+                 }
+               }
+             });
+           } else {
+             _currSelected = getSiblingAndChildVertices(context.selectedIDs(), graph, wireframe, zoom);
+           } // note that drawVertices will add `_currSelected` automatically if needed..
 
-                 var i, id;
 
-                 if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                   for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
-                     id = entity.nodes[i];
+           var filter = function filter(d) {
+             return d.id in _prevSelected;
+           };
 
-                     if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
-                       _loaded[id] = false;
-                       loadMore.push(id);
-                     }
-                   }
-                 } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
-                   for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
-                     id = entity.members[i].id;
+           drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevSelected), filter, extent, false);
+         }; // partial redraw - only update the hovered items..
 
-                     if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
-                       _loaded[id] = false;
-                       loadMore.push(id);
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
-               });
-               _toLoadCount += result.data.length;
-               _toLoadTotal += loadMore.length;
-               dispatch$1.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);
 
-               if (loadMore.length) {
-                 _toLoad.push.apply(_toLoad, loadMore);
+         drawVertices.drawHover = function (selection, graph, target, extent) {
+           if (target === _currHoverTarget) return; // continue only if something changed
 
-                 osm.loadMultiple(loadMore, loaded);
-               }
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           _prevHover = _currHover || {};
+           _currHoverTarget = target;
+           var entity = target && target.properties && target.properties.entity;
 
-               if (!_toLoad.length) {
-                 detectConflicts();
-                 upload(changeset);
-               }
-             }
-           }
+           if (entity) {
+             _currHover = getSiblingAndChildVertices([entity.id], graph, wireframe, zoom);
+           } else {
+             _currHover = {};
+           } // note that drawVertices will add `_currHover` automatically if needed..
 
-           function detectConflicts() {
-             function choice(id, text, _action) {
-               return {
-                 id: id,
-                 text: text,
-                 action: function action() {
-                   history.replace(_action);
-                 }
-               };
-             }
 
-             function formatUser(d) {
-               return '<a href="' + osm.userURL(d) + '" target="_blank">' + d + '</a>';
-             }
+           var filter = function filter(d) {
+             return d.id in _prevHover;
+           };
 
-             function entityName(entity) {
-               return utilDisplayName(entity) || utilDisplayType(entity.id) + ' ' + entity.id;
-             }
+           drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevHover), filter, extent, false);
+         };
 
-             function sameVersions(local, remote) {
-               if (local.version !== remote.version) return false;
+         return drawVertices;
+       }
 
-               if (local.type === 'way') {
-                 var children = utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes);
+       function utilBindOnce(target, type, listener, capture) {
+         var typeOnce = type + '.once';
 
-                 for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-                   var a = localGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
-                   var b = remoteGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
-                   if (a && b && a.version !== b.version) return false;
-                 }
-               }
+         function one() {
+           target.on(typeOnce, null);
+           listener.apply(this, arguments);
+         }
 
-               return true;
-             }
+         target.on(typeOnce, one, capture);
+         return this;
+       }
 
-             _toCheck.forEach(function (id) {
-               var local = localGraph.entity(id);
-               var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);
-               if (sameVersions(local, remote)) return;
-               var merge = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags, formatUser);
-               history.replace(merge);
-               var mergeConflicts = merge.conflicts();
-               if (!mergeConflicts.length) return; // merged safely
+       function defaultFilter(d3_event) {
+         return !d3_event.ctrlKey && !d3_event.button;
+       }
 
-               var forceLocal = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_local');
-               var forceRemote = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_remote');
-               var keepMine = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_local' : 'restore'));
-               var keepTheirs = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_remote' : 'delete'));
+       function defaultExtent() {
+         var e = this;
 
-               _conflicts.push({
-                 id: id,
-                 name: entityName(local),
-                 details: mergeConflicts,
-                 chosen: 1,
-                 choices: [choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal), choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)]
-               });
-             });
+         if (e instanceof SVGElement) {
+           e = e.ownerSVGElement || e;
+
+           if (e.hasAttribute('viewBox')) {
+             e = e.viewBox.baseVal;
+             return [[e.x, e.y], [e.x + e.width, e.y + e.height]];
            }
+
+           return [[0, 0], [e.width.baseVal.value, e.height.baseVal.value]];
          }
 
-         function upload(changeset) {
-           var osm = context.connection();
+         return [[0, 0], [e.clientWidth, e.clientHeight]];
+       }
 
-           if (!osm) {
-             _errors.push({
-               msg: 'No OSM Service'
-             });
-           }
+       function defaultWheelDelta(d3_event) {
+         return -d3_event.deltaY * (d3_event.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.05 : d3_event.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.002);
+       }
 
-           if (_conflicts.length) {
-             didResultInConflicts(changeset);
-           } else if (_errors.length) {
-             didResultInErrors();
-           } else {
-             var history = context.history();
-             var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
+       function defaultConstrain(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
+         var dx0 = transform.invertX(extent[0][0]) - translateExtent[0][0],
+             dx1 = transform.invertX(extent[1][0]) - translateExtent[1][0],
+             dy0 = transform.invertY(extent[0][1]) - translateExtent[0][1],
+             dy1 = transform.invertY(extent[1][1]) - translateExtent[1][1];
+         return transform.translate(dx1 > dx0 ? (dx0 + dx1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dx0) || Math.max(0, dx1), dy1 > dy0 ? (dy0 + dy1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dy0) || Math.max(0, dy1));
+       }
 
-             if (changes.modified.length || changes.created.length || changes.deleted.length) {
-               dispatch$1.call('willAttemptUpload', this);
-               osm.putChangeset(changeset, changes, uploadCallback);
-             } else {
-               // changes were insignificant or reverted by user
-               didResultInNoChanges();
-             }
-           }
+       function utilZoomPan() {
+         var filter = defaultFilter,
+             extent = defaultExtent,
+             constrain = defaultConstrain,
+             wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta,
+             scaleExtent = [0, Infinity],
+             translateExtent = [[-Infinity, -Infinity], [Infinity, Infinity]],
+             interpolate = interpolateZoom,
+             dispatch = dispatch$8('start', 'zoom', 'end'),
+             _wheelDelay = 150,
+             _transform = identity$2,
+             _activeGesture;
+
+         function zoom(selection) {
+           selection.on('pointerdown.zoom', pointerdown).on('wheel.zoom', wheeled).style('touch-action', 'none').style('-webkit-tap-highlight-color', 'rgba(0,0,0,0)');
+           select(window).on('pointermove.zoompan', pointermove).on('pointerup.zoompan pointercancel.zoompan', pointerup);
          }
 
-         function uploadCallback(err, changeset) {
-           if (err) {
-             if (err.status === 409) {
-               // 409 Conflict
-               uploader.save(changeset, true, true); // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = true
-             } else {
-               _errors.push({
-                 msg: err.message || err.responseText,
-                 details: [_t('save.status_code', {
-                   code: err.status
-                 })]
-               });
+         zoom.transform = function (collection, transform, point) {
+           var selection = collection.selection ? collection.selection() : collection;
 
-               didResultInErrors();
-             }
+           if (collection !== selection) {
+             schedule(collection, transform, point);
            } else {
-             didResultInSuccess(changeset);
+             selection.interrupt().each(function () {
+               gesture(this, arguments).start(null).zoom(null, null, typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(this, arguments) : transform).end(null);
+             });
            }
+         };
+
+         zoom.scaleBy = function (selection, k, p) {
+           zoom.scaleTo(selection, function () {
+             var k0 = _transform.k,
+                 k1 = typeof k === 'function' ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
+             return k0 * k1;
+           }, p);
+         };
+
+         zoom.scaleTo = function (selection, k, p) {
+           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
+             var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
+                 t0 = _transform,
+                 p0 = !p ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p,
+                 p1 = t0.invert(p0),
+                 k1 = typeof k === 'function' ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
+             return constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), e, translateExtent);
+           }, p);
+         };
+
+         zoom.translateBy = function (selection, x, y) {
+           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
+             return constrain(_transform.translate(typeof x === 'function' ? x.apply(this, arguments) : x, typeof y === 'function' ? y.apply(this, arguments) : y), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);
+           });
+         };
+
+         zoom.translateTo = function (selection, x, y, p) {
+           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
+             var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
+                 t = _transform,
+                 p0 = !p ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p;
+             return constrain(identity$2.translate(p0[0], p0[1]).scale(t.k).translate(typeof x === 'function' ? -x.apply(this, arguments) : -x, typeof y === 'function' ? -y.apply(this, arguments) : -y), e, translateExtent);
+           }, p);
+         };
+
+         function scale(transform, k) {
+           k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], k));
+           return k === transform.k ? transform : new Transform(k, transform.x, transform.y);
          }
 
-         function didResultInNoChanges() {
-           dispatch$1.call('resultNoChanges', this);
-           endSave();
-           context.flush(); // reset iD
+         function translate(transform, p0, p1) {
+           var x = p0[0] - p1[0] * transform.k,
+               y = p0[1] - p1[1] * transform.k;
+           return x === transform.x && y === transform.y ? transform : new Transform(transform.k, x, y);
          }
 
-         function didResultInErrors() {
-           context.history().pop();
-           dispatch$1.call('resultErrors', this, _errors);
-           endSave();
+         function centroid(extent) {
+           return [(+extent[0][0] + +extent[1][0]) / 2, (+extent[0][1] + +extent[1][1]) / 2];
          }
 
-         function didResultInConflicts(changeset) {
-           _conflicts.sort(function (a, b) {
-             return b.id.localeCompare(a.id);
-           });
+         function schedule(transition, transform, point) {
+           transition.on('start.zoom', function () {
+             gesture(this, arguments).start(null);
+           }).on('interrupt.zoom end.zoom', function () {
+             gesture(this, arguments).end(null);
+           }).tween('zoom', function () {
+             var that = this,
+                 args = arguments,
+                 g = gesture(that, args),
+                 e = extent.apply(that, args),
+                 p = !point ? centroid(e) : typeof point === 'function' ? point.apply(that, args) : point,
+                 w = Math.max(e[1][0] - e[0][0], e[1][1] - e[0][1]),
+                 a = _transform,
+                 b = typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(that, args) : transform,
+                 i = interpolate(a.invert(p).concat(w / a.k), b.invert(p).concat(w / b.k));
+             return function (t) {
+               if (t === 1) {
+                 // Avoid rounding error on end.
+                 t = b;
+               } else {
+                 var l = i(t);
+                 var k = w / l[2];
+                 t = new Transform(k, p[0] - l[0] * k, p[1] - l[1] * k);
+               }
 
-           dispatch$1.call('resultConflicts', this, changeset, _conflicts, _origChanges);
-           endSave();
+               g.zoom(null, null, t);
+             };
+           });
          }
 
-         function didResultInSuccess(changeset) {
-           // delete the edit stack cached to local storage
-           context.history().clearSaved();
-           dispatch$1.call('resultSuccess', this, changeset); // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
-
-           window.setTimeout(function () {
-             endSave();
-             context.flush(); // reset iD
-           }, 2500);
+         function gesture(that, args, clean) {
+           return !clean && _activeGesture || new Gesture(that, args);
          }
 
-         function endSave() {
-           _isSaving = false;
-           dispatch$1.call('saveEnded', this);
+         function Gesture(that, args) {
+           this.that = that;
+           this.args = args;
+           this.active = 0;
+           this.extent = extent.apply(that, args);
          }
 
-         uploader.cancelConflictResolution = function () {
-           context.history().pop();
+         Gesture.prototype = {
+           start: function start(d3_event) {
+             if (++this.active === 1) {
+               _activeGesture = this;
+               dispatch.call('start', this, d3_event);
+             }
+
+             return this;
+           },
+           zoom: function zoom(d3_event, key, transform) {
+             if (this.mouse && key !== 'mouse') this.mouse[1] = transform.invert(this.mouse[0]);
+             if (this.pointer0 && key !== 'touch') this.pointer0[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer0[0]);
+             if (this.pointer1 && key !== 'touch') this.pointer1[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer1[0]);
+             _transform = transform;
+             dispatch.call('zoom', this, d3_event, key, transform);
+             return this;
+           },
+           end: function end(d3_event) {
+             if (--this.active === 0) {
+               _activeGesture = null;
+               dispatch.call('end', this, d3_event);
+             }
+
+             return this;
+           }
          };
 
-         uploader.processResolvedConflicts = function (changeset) {
-           var history = context.history();
+         function wheeled(d3_event) {
+           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, arguments),
+               t = _transform,
+               k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], t.k * Math.pow(2, wheelDelta.apply(this, arguments)))),
+               p = utilFastMouse(this)(d3_event); // If the mouse is in the same location as before, reuse it.
+           // If there were recent wheel events, reset the wheel idle timeout.
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < _conflicts.length; i++) {
-             if (_conflicts[i].chosen === 1) {
-               // user chose "use theirs"
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(_conflicts[i].id);
+           if (g.wheel) {
+             if (g.mouse[0][0] !== p[0] || g.mouse[0][1] !== p[1]) {
+               g.mouse[1] = t.invert(g.mouse[0] = p);
+             }
 
-               if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
-                 var children = utilArrayUniq(entity.nodes);
+             clearTimeout(g.wheel); // Otherwise, capture the mouse point and location at the start.
+           } else {
+             g.mouse = [p, t.invert(p)];
+             interrupt(this);
+             g.start(d3_event);
+           }
 
-                 for (var j = 0; j < children.length; j++) {
-                   history.replace(actionRevert(children[j]));
-                 }
-               }
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+           g.wheel = setTimeout(wheelidled, _wheelDelay);
+           g.zoom(d3_event, 'mouse', constrain(translate(scale(t, k), g.mouse[0], g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
 
-               history.replace(actionRevert(_conflicts[i].id));
-             }
+           function wheelidled() {
+             g.wheel = null;
+             g.end(d3_event);
            }
+         }
 
-           uploader.save(changeset, true, false); // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = false
-         };
+         var _downPointerIDs = new Set();
 
-         uploader.reset = function () {};
+         var _pointerLocGetter;
 
-         return uploader;
-       }
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           _downPointerIDs.add(d3_event.pointerId);
 
-       var abs$4 = Math.abs;
-       var exp$2 = Math.exp;
-       var E = Math.E;
+           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, arguments, _downPointerIDs.size === 1);
+           var started;
+           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+           _pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
 
-       var FORCED$g = fails(function () {
-         return Math.sinh(-2e-17) != -2e-17;
-       });
+           var loc = _pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
 
-       // `Math.sinh` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-math.sinh
-       // V8 near Chromium 38 has a problem with very small numbers
-       _export({ target: 'Math', stat: true, forced: FORCED$g }, {
-         sinh: function sinh(x) {
-           return abs$4(x = +x) < 1 ? (mathExpm1(x) - mathExpm1(-x)) / 2 : (exp$2(x - 1) - exp$2(-x - 1)) * (E / 2);
+           var p = [loc, _transform.invert(loc), d3_event.pointerId];
+
+           if (!g.pointer0) {
+             g.pointer0 = p;
+             started = true;
+           } else if (!g.pointer1 && g.pointer0[2] !== p[2]) {
+             g.pointer1 = p;
+           }
+
+           if (started) {
+             interrupt(this);
+             g.start(d3_event);
+           }
          }
-       });
 
-       var isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2; // listen for DPI change, e.g. when dragging a browser window from a retina to non-retina screen
+         function pointermove(d3_event) {
+           if (!_downPointerIDs.has(d3_event.pointerId)) return;
+           if (!_activeGesture || !_pointerLocGetter) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, arguments);
+           var isPointer0 = g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === d3_event.pointerId;
+           var isPointer1 = !isPointer0 && g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === d3_event.pointerId;
 
-       window.matchMedia("\n        (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), /* Safari */\n        (min-resolution: 2dppx),             /* standard */\n        (min-resolution: 192dpi)             /* fallback */\n    ").addListener(function () {
-         isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2;
-       });
+           if ((isPointer0 || isPointer1) && 'buttons' in d3_event && !d3_event.buttons) {
+             // The pointer went up without ending the gesture somehow, e.g.
+             // a down mouse was moved off the map and released. End it here.
+             if (g.pointer0) _downPointerIDs["delete"](g.pointer0[2]);
+             if (g.pointer1) _downPointerIDs["delete"](g.pointer1[2]);
+             g.end(d3_event);
+             return;
+           }
 
-       function localeDateString(s) {
-         if (!s) return null;
-         var options = {
-           day: 'numeric',
-           month: 'short',
-           year: 'numeric'
-         };
-         var d = new Date(s);
-         if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-         return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-       }
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
 
-       function vintageRange(vintage) {
-         var s;
+           var loc = _pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
 
-         if (vintage.start || vintage.end) {
-           s = vintage.start || '?';
+           var t, p, l;
+           if (isPointer0) g.pointer0[0] = loc;else if (isPointer1) g.pointer1[0] = loc;
+           t = _transform;
 
-           if (vintage.start !== vintage.end) {
-             s += ' - ' + (vintage.end || '?');
+           if (g.pointer1) {
+             var p0 = g.pointer0[0],
+                 l0 = g.pointer0[1],
+                 p1 = g.pointer1[0],
+                 l1 = g.pointer1[1],
+                 dp = (dp = p1[0] - p0[0]) * dp + (dp = p1[1] - p0[1]) * dp,
+                 dl = (dl = l1[0] - l0[0]) * dl + (dl = l1[1] - l0[1]) * dl;
+             t = scale(t, Math.sqrt(dp / dl));
+             p = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
+             l = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
+           } else if (g.pointer0) {
+             p = g.pointer0[0];
+             l = g.pointer0[1];
+           } else {
+             return;
            }
-         }
 
-         return s;
-       }
+           g.zoom(d3_event, 'touch', constrain(translate(t, p, l), g.extent, translateExtent));
+         }
 
-       function rendererBackgroundSource(data) {
-         var source = Object.assign({}, data); // shallow copy
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           if (!_downPointerIDs.has(d3_event.pointerId)) return;
 
-         var _offset = [0, 0];
-         var _name = source.name;
-         var _description = source.description;
+           _downPointerIDs["delete"](d3_event.pointerId);
 
-         var _best = !!source.best;
+           if (!_activeGesture) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, arguments);
+           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+           if (g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === d3_event.pointerId) delete g.pointer0;else if (g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === d3_event.pointerId) delete g.pointer1;
 
-         var _template = source.encrypted ? utilAesDecrypt(source.template) : source.template;
+           if (g.pointer1 && !g.pointer0) {
+             g.pointer0 = g.pointer1;
+             delete g.pointer1;
+           }
 
-         source.tileSize = data.tileSize || 256;
-         source.zoomExtent = data.zoomExtent || [0, 22];
-         source.overzoom = data.overzoom !== false;
+           if (g.pointer0) {
+             g.pointer0[1] = _transform.invert(g.pointer0[0]);
+           } else {
+             g.end(d3_event);
+           }
+         }
 
-         source.offset = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _offset;
-           _offset = val;
-           return source;
+         zoom.wheelDelta = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = utilFunctor(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
          };
 
-         source.nudge = function (val, zoomlevel) {
-           _offset[0] += val[0] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
-           _offset[1] += val[1] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
-           return source;
+         zoom.filter = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (filter = utilFunctor(!!_), zoom) : filter;
          };
 
-         source.name = function () {
-           var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
-           return _t('imagery.' + id_safe + '.name', {
-             "default": _name
-           });
+         zoom.extent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (extent = utilFunctor([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
          };
 
-         source.label = function () {
-           var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
-           return _t.html('imagery.' + id_safe + '.name', {
-             "default": _name
-           });
+         zoom.scaleExtent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (scaleExtent[0] = +_[0], scaleExtent[1] = +_[1], zoom) : [scaleExtent[0], scaleExtent[1]];
          };
 
-         source.description = function () {
-           var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
-           return _t.html('imagery.' + id_safe + '.description', {
-             "default": _description
-           });
+         zoom.translateExtent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (translateExtent[0][0] = +_[0][0], translateExtent[1][0] = +_[1][0], translateExtent[0][1] = +_[0][1], translateExtent[1][1] = +_[1][1], zoom) : [[translateExtent[0][0], translateExtent[0][1]], [translateExtent[1][0], translateExtent[1][1]]];
          };
 
-         source.best = function () {
-           return _best;
+         zoom.constrain = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (constrain = _, zoom) : constrain;
          };
 
-         source.area = function () {
-           if (!data.polygon) return Number.MAX_VALUE; // worldwide
-
-           var area = d3_geoArea({
-             type: 'MultiPolygon',
-             coordinates: [data.polygon]
-           });
-           return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
+         zoom.interpolate = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, zoom) : interpolate;
          };
 
-         source.imageryUsed = function () {
-           return _name || source.id;
+         zoom._transform = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (_transform = _, zoom) : _transform;
          };
 
-         source.template = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _template;
+         return utilRebind(zoom, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           if (source.id === 'custom') {
-             _template = val;
-           }
+       // if pointer events are supported. Falls back to default `dblclick` event.
 
-           return source;
-         };
+       function utilDoubleUp() {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('doubleUp');
+         var _maxTimespan = 500; // milliseconds
 
-         source.url = function (coord) {
-           var result = _template;
-           if (result === '') return result; // source 'none'
-           // Guess a type based on the tokens present in the template
-           // (This is for 'custom' source, where we don't know)
+         var _maxDistance = 20; // web pixels; be somewhat generous to account for touch devices
 
-           if (!source.type) {
-             if (/SERVICE=WMS|\{(proj|wkid|bbox)\}/.test(_template)) {
-               source.type = 'wms';
-               source.projection = 'EPSG:3857'; // guess
-             } else if (/\{(x|y)\}/.test(_template)) {
-               source.type = 'tms';
-             } else if (/\{u\}/.test(_template)) {
-               source.type = 'bing';
-             }
+         var _pointer; // object representing the pointer that could trigger double up
+
+
+         function pointerIsValidFor(loc) {
+           // second pointerup must occur within a small timeframe after the first pointerdown
+           return new Date().getTime() - _pointer.startTime <= _maxTimespan && // all pointer events must occur within a small distance of the first pointerdown
+           geoVecLength(_pointer.startLoc, loc) <= _maxDistance;
+         }
+
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           // ignore right-click
+           if (d3_event.ctrlKey || d3_event.button === 2) return;
+           var loc = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY]; // Don't rely on pointerId here since it can change between pointerdown
+           // events on touch devices
+
+           if (_pointer && !pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
+             // if this pointer is no longer valid, clear it so another can be started
+             _pointer = undefined;
+           }
+
+           if (!_pointer) {
+             _pointer = {
+               startLoc: loc,
+               startTime: new Date().getTime(),
+               upCount: 0,
+               pointerId: d3_event.pointerId
+             };
+           } else {
+             // double down
+             _pointer.pointerId = d3_event.pointerId;
            }
+         }
 
-           if (source.type === 'wms') {
-             var tileToProjectedCoords = function tileToProjectedCoords(x, y, z) {
-               //polyfill for IE11, PhantomJS
-               var sinh = Math.sinh || function (x) {
-                 var y = Math.exp(x);
-                 return (y - 1 / y) / 2;
-               };
-
-               var zoomSize = Math.pow(2, z);
-               var lon = x / zoomSize * Math.PI * 2 - Math.PI;
-               var lat = Math.atan(sinh(Math.PI * (1 - 2 * y / zoomSize)));
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           // ignore right-click
+           if (d3_event.ctrlKey || d3_event.button === 2) return;
+           if (!_pointer || _pointer.pointerId !== d3_event.pointerId) return;
+           _pointer.upCount += 1;
 
-               switch (source.projection) {
-                 case 'EPSG:4326':
-                   return {
-                     x: lon * 180 / Math.PI,
-                     y: lat * 180 / Math.PI
-                   };
+           if (_pointer.upCount === 2) {
+             // double up!
+             var loc = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY];
 
-                 default:
-                   // EPSG:3857 and synonyms
-                   var mercCoords = mercatorRaw(lon, lat);
-                   return {
-                     x: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[0],
-                     y: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[1]
-                   };
-               }
-             };
+             if (pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
+               var locInThis = utilFastMouse(this)(d3_event);
+               dispatch.call('doubleUp', this, d3_event, locInThis);
+             } // clear the pointer info in any case
 
-             var tileSize = source.tileSize;
-             var projection = source.projection;
-             var minXmaxY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0], coord[1], coord[2]);
-             var maxXminY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0] + 1, coord[1] + 1, coord[2]);
-             result = result.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, function (token, key) {
-               switch (key) {
-                 case 'width':
-                 case 'height':
-                   return tileSize;
 
-                 case 'proj':
-                   return projection;
+             _pointer = undefined;
+           }
+         }
 
-                 case 'wkid':
-                   return projection.replace(/^EPSG:/, '');
+         function doubleUp(selection) {
+           if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
+             // dblclick isn't well supported on touch devices so manually use
+             // pointer events if they're available
+             selection.on('pointerdown.doubleUp', pointerdown).on('pointerup.doubleUp', pointerup);
+           } else {
+             // fallback to dblclick
+             selection.on('dblclick.doubleUp', function (d3_event) {
+               dispatch.call('doubleUp', this, d3_event, utilFastMouse(this)(d3_event));
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-                 case 'bbox':
-                   // WMS 1.3 flips x/y for some coordinate systems including EPSG:4326 - #7557
-                   if (projection === 'EPSG:4326' && // The CRS parameter implies version 1.3 (prior versions use SRS)
-                   /VERSION=1.3|CRS={proj}/.test(source.template())) {
-                     return maxXminY.y + ',' + minXmaxY.x + ',' + minXmaxY.y + ',' + maxXminY.x;
-                   } else {
-                     return minXmaxY.x + ',' + maxXminY.y + ',' + maxXminY.x + ',' + minXmaxY.y;
-                   }
+         doubleUp.off = function (selection) {
+           selection.on('pointerdown.doubleUp', null).on('pointerup.doubleUp', null).on('dblclick.doubleUp', null);
+         };
 
-                 case 'w':
-                   return minXmaxY.x;
+         return utilRebind(doubleUp, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                 case 's':
-                   return maxXminY.y;
+       var TILESIZE = 256;
+       var minZoom = 2;
+       var maxZoom = 24;
+       var kMin = geoZoomToScale(minZoom, TILESIZE);
+       var kMax = geoZoomToScale(maxZoom, TILESIZE);
 
-                 case 'n':
-                   return maxXminY.x;
+       function clamp$1(num, min, max) {
+         return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
+       }
 
-                 case 'e':
-                   return minXmaxY.y;
+       function rendererMap(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('move', 'drawn', 'crossEditableZoom', 'hitMinZoom', 'changeHighlighting', 'changeAreaFill');
+         var projection = context.projection;
+         var curtainProjection = context.curtainProjection;
+         var drawLayers;
+         var drawPoints;
+         var drawVertices;
+         var drawLines;
+         var drawAreas;
+         var drawMidpoints;
+         var drawLabels;
 
-                 default:
-                   return token;
-               }
-             });
-           } else if (source.type === 'tms') {
-             result = result.replace('{x}', coord[0]).replace('{y}', coord[1]) // TMS-flipped y coordinate
-             .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, coord[2]) - coord[1] - 1).replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, coord[2]) // only fetch retina tiles for retina screens
-             .replace(/\{@2x\}|\{r\}/, isRetina ? '@2x' : '');
-           } else if (source.type === 'bing') {
-             result = result.replace('{u}', function () {
-               var u = '';
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-               for (var zoom = coord[2]; zoom > 0; zoom--) {
-                 var b = 0;
-                 var mask = 1 << zoom - 1;
-                 if ((coord[0] & mask) !== 0) b++;
-                 if ((coord[1] & mask) !== 0) b += 2;
-                 u += b.toString();
-               }
+         var supersurface = select(null);
+         var wrapper = select(null);
+         var surface = select(null);
+         var _dimensions = [1, 1];
+         var _dblClickZoomEnabled = true;
+         var _redrawEnabled = true;
 
-               return u;
-             });
-           } // these apply to any type..
+         var _gestureTransformStart;
 
+         var _transformStart = projection.transform();
 
-           result = result.replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function (s, r) {
-             var subdomains = r.split(',');
-             return subdomains[(coord[0] + coord[1]) % subdomains.length];
-           });
-           return result;
-         };
+         var _transformLast;
 
-         source.validZoom = function (z) {
-           return source.zoomExtent[0] <= z && (source.overzoom || source.zoomExtent[1] > z);
-         };
+         var _isTransformed = false;
+         var _minzoom = 0;
 
-         source.isLocatorOverlay = function () {
-           return source.id === 'mapbox_locator_overlay';
-         };
-         /* hides a source from the list, but leaves it available for use */
+         var _getMouseCoords;
 
+         var _lastPointerEvent;
 
-         source.isHidden = function () {
-           return source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Premium-vintage' || source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Standard-vintage';
-         };
+         var _lastWithinEditableZoom; // whether a pointerdown event started the zoom
 
-         source.copyrightNotices = function () {};
 
-         source.getMetadata = function (center, tileCoord, callback) {
-           var vintage = {
-             start: localeDateString(source.startDate),
-             end: localeDateString(source.endDate)
-           };
-           vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);
-           var metadata = {
-             vintage: vintage
-           };
-           callback(null, metadata);
-         };
+         var _pointerDown = false; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-         return source;
-       }
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse'; // use pointer event interaction if supported; fallback to touch/mouse events in d3-zoom
 
-       rendererBackgroundSource.Bing = function (data, dispatch) {
-         // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff701716.aspx
-         // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff701701.aspx
-         data.template = 'https://ecn.t{switch:0,1,2,3}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{u}.jpeg?g=587&mkt=en-gb&n=z';
-         var bing = rendererBackgroundSource(data); // var key = 'Arzdiw4nlOJzRwOz__qailc8NiR31Tt51dN2D7cm57NrnceZnCpgOkmJhNpGoppU'; // P2, JOSM, etc
 
-         var key = 'Ak5oTE46TUbjRp08OFVcGpkARErDobfpuyNKa-W2mQ8wbt1K1KL8p1bIRwWwcF-Q'; // iD
+         var _zoomerPannerFunction = 'PointerEvent' in window ? utilZoomPan : d3_zoom;
 
-         var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial?include=ImageryProviders&key=' + key;
-         var cache = {};
-         var inflight = {};
-         var providers = [];
-         d3_json(url).then(function (json) {
-           providers = json.resourceSets[0].resources[0].imageryProviders.map(function (provider) {
-             return {
-               attribution: provider.attribution,
-               areas: provider.coverageAreas.map(function (area) {
-                 return {
-                   zoom: [area.zoomMin, area.zoomMax],
-                   extent: geoExtent([area.bbox[1], area.bbox[0]], [area.bbox[3], area.bbox[2]])
-                 };
-               })
-             };
-           });
-           dispatch.call('change');
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
+         var _zoomerPanner = _zoomerPannerFunction().scaleExtent([kMin, kMax]).interpolate(interpolate$1).filter(zoomEventFilter).on('zoom.map', zoomPan).on('start.map', function (d3_event) {
+           _pointerDown = d3_event && (d3_event.type === 'pointerdown' || d3_event.sourceEvent && d3_event.sourceEvent.type === 'pointerdown');
+         }).on('end.map', function () {
+           _pointerDown = false;
          });
 
-         bing.copyrightNotices = function (zoom, extent) {
-           zoom = Math.min(zoom, 21);
-           return providers.filter(function (provider) {
-             return provider.areas.some(function (area) {
-               return extent.intersects(area.extent) && area.zoom[0] <= zoom && area.zoom[1] >= zoom;
-             });
-           }).map(function (provider) {
-             return provider.attribution;
-           }).join(', ');
-         };
+         var _doubleUpHandler = utilDoubleUp();
 
-         bing.getMetadata = function (center, tileCoord, callback) {
-           var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
-           var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], 21);
-           var centerPoint = center[1] + ',' + center[0]; // lat,lng
+         var scheduleRedraw = throttle(redraw, 750); // var isRedrawScheduled = false;
+         // var pendingRedrawCall;
+         // function scheduleRedraw() {
+         //     // Only schedule the redraw if one has not already been set.
+         //     if (isRedrawScheduled) return;
+         //     isRedrawScheduled = true;
+         //     var that = this;
+         //     var args = arguments;
+         //     pendingRedrawCall = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+         //         // Reset the boolean so future redraws can be set.
+         //         isRedrawScheduled = false;
+         //         redraw.apply(that, args);
+         //     }, { timeout: 1400 });
+         // }
 
-           var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial/' + centerPoint + '?zl=' + zoom + '&key=' + key;
-           if (inflight[tileID]) return;
 
-           if (!cache[tileID]) {
-             cache[tileID] = {};
-           }
+         function cancelPendingRedraw() {
+           scheduleRedraw.cancel(); // isRedrawScheduled = false;
+           // window.cancelIdleCallback(pendingRedrawCall);
+         }
 
-           if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
-             return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
+         function map(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           context.on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
+           var osm = context.connection();
+
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
            }
 
-           inflight[tileID] = true;
-           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
-             delete inflight[tileID];
+           function didUndoOrRedo(targetTransform) {
+             var mode = context.mode().id;
+             if (mode !== 'browse' && mode !== 'select') return;
 
-             if (!result) {
-               throw new Error('Unknown Error');
+             if (targetTransform) {
+               map.transformEase(targetTransform);
              }
+           }
 
-             var vintage = {
-               start: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageStart),
-               end: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageEnd)
-             };
-             vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);
-             var metadata = {
-               vintage: vintage
-             };
-             cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
-             if (callback) callback(null, metadata);
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             delete inflight[tileID];
-             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           context.history().on('merge.map', function () {
+             scheduleRedraw();
+           }).on('change.map', immediateRedraw).on('undone.map', function (stack, fromStack) {
+             didUndoOrRedo(fromStack.transform);
+           }).on('redone.map', function (stack) {
+             didUndoOrRedo(stack.transform);
            });
-         };
+           context.background().on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
+           context.features().on('redraw.map', immediateRedraw);
+           drawLayers.on('change.map', function () {
+             context.background().updateImagery();
+             immediateRedraw();
+           });
+           selection.on('wheel.map mousewheel.map', function (d3_event) {
+             // disable swipe-to-navigate browser pages on trackpad/magic mouse – #5552
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           }).call(_zoomerPanner).call(_zoomerPanner.transform, projection.transform()).on('dblclick.zoom', null); // override d3-zoom dblclick handling
 
-         bing.terms_url = 'https://blog.openstreetmap.org/2010/11/30/microsoft-imagery-details';
-         return bing;
-       };
+           map.supersurface = supersurface = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'supersurface').call(utilSetTransform, 0, 0); // Need a wrapper div because Opera can't cope with an absolutely positioned
+           // SVG element: http://bl.ocks.org/jfirebaugh/6fbfbd922552bf776c16
 
-       rendererBackgroundSource.Esri = function (data) {
-         // in addition to using the tilemap at zoom level 20, overzoom real tiles - #4327 (deprecated technique, but it works)
-         if (data.template.match(/blankTile/) === null) {
-           data.template = data.template + '?blankTile=false';
-         }
+           wrapper = supersurface.append('div').attr('class', 'layer layer-data');
+           map.surface = surface = wrapper.call(drawLayers).selectAll('.surface');
+           surface.call(drawLabels.observe).call(_doubleUpHandler).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.zoom', function (d3_event) {
+             _lastPointerEvent = d3_event;
 
-         var esri = rendererBackgroundSource(data);
-         var cache = {};
-         var inflight = {};
+             if (d3_event.button === 2) {
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }
+           }, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.zoom', function (d3_event) {
+             _lastPointerEvent = d3_event;
 
-         var _prevCenter; // use a tilemap service to set maximum zoom for esri tiles dynamically
-         // https://developers.arcgis.com/documentation/tiled-elevation-service/
+             if (resetTransform()) {
+               immediateRedraw();
+             }
+           }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.map', function (d3_event) {
+             _lastPointerEvent = d3_event;
+           }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.vertices', function (d3_event) {
+             if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
+               var hover = d3_event.target.__data__;
+               surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
+               dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+                 full: false
+               });
+             }
+           }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.vertices', function (d3_event) {
+             if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
+               var hover = d3_event.relatedTarget && d3_event.relatedTarget.__data__;
+               surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
+               dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+                 full: false
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           var detected = utilDetect(); // only WebKit supports gesture events
 
+           if ('GestureEvent' in window && // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
+           // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
+           !detected.isMobileWebKit) {
+             // Desktop Safari sends gesture events for multitouch trackpad pinches.
+             // We can listen for these and translate them into map zooms.
+             surface.on('gesturestart.surface', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               _gestureTransformStart = projection.transform();
+             }).on('gesturechange.surface', gestureChange);
+           } // must call after surface init
 
-         esri.fetchTilemap = function (center) {
-           // skip if we have already fetched a tilemap within 5km
-           if (_prevCenter && geoSphericalDistance(center, _prevCenter) < 5000) return;
-           _prevCenter = center; // tiles are available globally to zoom level 19, afterward they may or may not be present
 
-           var z = 20; // first generate a random url using the template
+           updateAreaFill();
 
-           var dummyUrl = esri.url([1, 2, 3]); // calculate url z/y/x from the lat/long of the center of the map
+           _doubleUpHandler.on('doubleUp.map', function (d3_event, p0) {
+             if (!_dblClickZoomEnabled) return; // don't zoom if targeting something other than the map itself
 
-           var x = Math.floor((center[0] + 180) / 360 * Math.pow(2, z));
-           var y = Math.floor((1 - Math.log(Math.tan(center[1] * Math.PI / 180) + 1 / Math.cos(center[1] * Math.PI / 180)) / Math.PI) / 2 * Math.pow(2, z)); // fetch an 8x8 grid to leverage cache
+             if (_typeof(d3_event.target.__data__) === 'object' && // or area fills
+             !select(d3_event.target).classed('fill')) return;
+             var zoomOut = d3_event.shiftKey;
+             var t = projection.transform();
+             var p1 = t.invert(p0);
+             t = t.scale(zoomOut ? 0.5 : 2);
+             t.x = p0[0] - p1[0] * t.k;
+             t.y = p0[1] - p1[1] * t.k;
+             map.transformEase(t);
+           });
 
-           var tilemapUrl = dummyUrl.replace(/tile\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\?blankTile=false/, 'tilemap') + '/' + z + '/' + y + '/' + x + '/8/8'; // make the request and introspect the response from the tilemap server
+           context.on('enter.map', function () {
+             if (!map.editableDataEnabled(true
+             /* skip zoom check */
+             )) return;
+             if (_isTransformed) return; // redraw immediately any objects affected by a change in selectedIDs.
 
-           d3_json(tilemapUrl).then(function (tilemap) {
-             if (!tilemap) {
-               throw new Error('Unknown Error');
-             }
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var selectedAndParents = {};
+             context.selectedIDs().forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
 
-             var hasTiles = true;
+               if (entity) {
+                 selectedAndParents[entity.id] = entity;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < tilemap.data.length; i++) {
-               // 0 means an individual tile in the grid doesn't exist
-               if (!tilemap.data[i]) {
-                 hasTiles = false;
-                 break;
+                 if (entity.type === 'node') {
+                   graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (parent) {
+                     selectedAndParents[parent.id] = parent;
+                   });
+                 }
                }
-             } // if any tiles are missing at level 20 we restrict maxZoom to 19
-
-
-             esri.zoomExtent[1] = hasTiles ? 22 : 19;
-           })["catch"](function () {
-             /* ignore */
-           });
-         };
-
-         esri.getMetadata = function (center, tileCoord, callback) {
-           var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
-           var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], esri.zoomExtent[1]);
-           var centerPoint = center[0] + ',' + center[1]; // long, lat (as it should be)
+             });
+             var data = Object.values(selectedAndParents);
 
-           var unknown = _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
-           var metadataLayer;
-           var vintage = {};
-           var metadata = {};
-           if (inflight[tileID]) return;
+             var filter = function filter(d) {
+               return d.id in selectedAndParents;
+             };
 
-           switch (true) {
-             case zoom >= 20 && esri.id === 'EsriWorldImageryClarity':
-               metadataLayer = 4;
-               break;
+             data = context.features().filter(data, graph);
+             surface.call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent()).call(drawLines, graph, data, filter).call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter).call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent());
+             dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+               full: false
+             }); // redraw everything else later
 
-             case zoom >= 19:
-               metadataLayer = 3;
-               break;
+             scheduleRedraw();
+           });
+           map.dimensions(utilGetDimensions(selection));
+         }
 
-             case zoom >= 17:
-               metadataLayer = 2;
-               break;
+         function zoomEventFilter(d3_event) {
+           // Fix for #2151, (see also d3/d3-zoom#60, d3/d3-brush#18)
+           // Intercept `mousedown` and check if there is an orphaned zoom gesture.
+           // This can happen if a previous `mousedown` occurred without a `mouseup`.
+           // If we detect this, dispatch `mouseup` to complete the orphaned gesture,
+           // so that d3-zoom won't stop propagation of new `mousedown` events.
+           if (d3_event.type === 'mousedown') {
+             var hasOrphan = false;
+             var listeners = window.__on;
 
-             case zoom >= 13:
-               metadataLayer = 0;
-               break;
+             for (var i = 0; i < listeners.length; i++) {
+               var listener = listeners[i];
 
-             default:
-               metadataLayer = 99;
-           }
+               if (listener.name === 'zoom' && listener.type === 'mouseup') {
+                 hasOrphan = true;
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
 
-           var url; // build up query using the layer appropriate to the current zoom
+             if (hasOrphan) {
+               var event = window.CustomEvent;
 
-           if (esri.id === 'EsriWorldImagery') {
-             url = 'https://services.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/World_Imagery/MapServer/';
-           } else if (esri.id === 'EsriWorldImageryClarity') {
-             url = 'https://serviceslab.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Clarity_World_Imagery/MapServer/';
-           }
+               if (event) {
+                 event = new event('mouseup');
+               } else {
+                 event = window.document.createEvent('Event');
+                 event.initEvent('mouseup', false, false);
+               } // Event needs to be dispatched with an event.view property.
 
-           url += metadataLayer + '/query?returnGeometry=false&geometry=' + centerPoint + '&inSR=4326&geometryType=esriGeometryPoint&outFields=*&f=json';
 
-           if (!cache[tileID]) {
-             cache[tileID] = {};
+               event.view = window;
+               window.dispatchEvent(event);
+             }
            }
 
-           if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
-             return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
-           } // accurate metadata is only available >= 13
+           return d3_event.button !== 2; // ignore right clicks
+         }
 
+         function pxCenter() {
+           return [_dimensions[0] / 2, _dimensions[1] / 2];
+         }
 
-           if (metadataLayer === 99) {
-             vintage = {
-               start: null,
-               end: null,
-               range: null
-             };
-             metadata = {
-               vintage: null,
-               source: unknown,
-               description: unknown,
-               resolution: unknown,
-               accuracy: unknown
-             };
-             callback(null, metadata);
-           } else {
-             inflight[tileID] = true;
-             d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
-               delete inflight[tileID];
+         function drawEditable(difference, extent) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var features = context.features();
+           var all = context.history().intersects(map.extent());
+           var fullRedraw = false;
+           var data;
+           var set;
+           var filter;
+           var applyFeatureLayerFilters = true;
 
-               if (!result) {
-                 throw new Error('Unknown Error');
-               } else if (result.features && result.features.length < 1) {
-                 throw new Error('No Results');
-               } else if (result.error && result.error.message) {
-                 throw new Error(result.error.message);
-               } // pass through the discrete capture date from metadata
+           if (map.isInWideSelection()) {
+             data = [];
+             utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(mode.selectedIDs(), context.graph()).forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(id);
+               if (entity) data.push(entity);
+             });
+             fullRedraw = true;
+             filter = utilFunctor(true); // selected features should always be visible, so we can skip filtering
 
+             applyFeatureLayerFilters = false;
+           } else if (difference) {
+             var complete = difference.complete(map.extent());
+             data = Object.values(complete).filter(Boolean);
+             set = new Set(Object.keys(complete));
 
-               var captureDate = localeDateString(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_DATE2);
-               vintage = {
-                 start: captureDate,
-                 end: captureDate,
-                 range: captureDate
-               };
-               metadata = {
-                 vintage: vintage,
-                 source: clean(result.features[0].attributes.NICE_NAME),
-                 description: clean(result.features[0].attributes.NICE_DESC),
-                 resolution: clean(+parseFloat(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_RES).toFixed(4)),
-                 accuracy: clean(+parseFloat(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_ACC).toFixed(4))
-               }; // append units - meters
+             filter = function filter(d) {
+               return set.has(d.id);
+             };
 
-               if (isFinite(metadata.resolution)) {
-                 metadata.resolution += ' m';
-               }
+             features.clear(data);
+           } else {
+             // force a full redraw if gatherStats detects that a feature
+             // should be auto-hidden (e.g. points or buildings)..
+             if (features.gatherStats(all, graph, _dimensions)) {
+               extent = undefined;
+             }
 
-               if (isFinite(metadata.accuracy)) {
-                 metadata.accuracy += ' m';
-               }
+             if (extent) {
+               data = context.history().intersects(map.extent().intersection(extent));
+               set = new Set(data.map(function (entity) {
+                 return entity.id;
+               }));
 
-               cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
-               if (callback) callback(null, metadata);
-             })["catch"](function (err) {
-               delete inflight[tileID];
-               if (callback) callback(err.message);
-             });
+               filter = function filter(d) {
+                 return set.has(d.id);
+               };
+             } else {
+               data = all;
+               fullRedraw = true;
+               filter = utilFunctor(true);
+             }
            }
 
-           function clean(val) {
-             return String(val).trim() || unknown;
+           if (applyFeatureLayerFilters) {
+             data = features.filter(data, graph);
+           } else {
+             context.features().resetStats();
            }
-         };
 
-         return esri;
-       };
+           if (mode && mode.id === 'select') {
+             // update selected vertices - the user might have just double-clicked a way,
+             // creating a new vertex, triggering a partial redraw without a mode change
+             surface.call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent());
+           }
 
-       rendererBackgroundSource.None = function () {
-         var source = rendererBackgroundSource({
-           id: 'none',
-           template: ''
-         });
+           surface.call(drawVertices, graph, data, filter, map.extent(), fullRedraw).call(drawLines, graph, data, filter).call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter).call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent()).call(drawLabels, graph, data, filter, _dimensions, fullRedraw).call(drawPoints, graph, data, filter);
+           dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+             full: true
+           });
+         }
 
-         source.name = function () {
-           return _t('background.none');
+         map.init = function () {
+           drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context);
+           drawPoints = svgPoints(projection, context);
+           drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
+           drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
+           drawAreas = svgAreas(projection, context);
+           drawMidpoints = svgMidpoints(projection, context);
+           drawLabels = svgLabels(projection, context);
          };
 
-         source.label = function () {
-           return _t.html('background.none');
-         };
+         function editOff() {
+           context.features().resetStats();
+           surface.selectAll('.layer-osm *').remove();
+           surface.selectAll('.layer-touch:not(.markers) *').remove();
+           var allowed = {
+             'browse': true,
+             'save': true,
+             'select-note': true,
+             'select-data': true,
+             'select-error': true
+           };
+           var mode = context.mode();
 
-         source.imageryUsed = function () {
-           return null;
-         };
+           if (mode && !allowed[mode.id]) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }
 
-         source.area = function () {
-           return -1; // sources in background pane are sorted by area
-         };
+           dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+             full: true
+           });
+         }
 
-         return source;
-       };
+         function gestureChange(d3_event) {
+           // Remap Safari gesture events to wheel events - #5492
+           // We want these disabled most places, but enabled for zoom/unzoom on map surface
+           // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/GestureEvent
+           var e = d3_event;
+           e.preventDefault();
+           var props = {
+             deltaMode: 0,
+             // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
+             deltaY: 1,
+             // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
+             clientX: e.clientX,
+             clientY: e.clientY,
+             screenX: e.screenX,
+             screenY: e.screenY,
+             x: e.x,
+             y: e.y
+           };
+           var e2 = new WheelEvent('wheel', props);
+           e2._scale = e.scale; // preserve the original scale
 
-       rendererBackgroundSource.Custom = function (template) {
-         var source = rendererBackgroundSource({
-           id: 'custom',
-           template: template
-         });
+           e2._rotation = e.rotation; // preserve the original rotation
 
-         source.name = function () {
-           return _t('background.custom');
-         };
+           _selection.node().dispatchEvent(e2);
+         }
 
-         source.label = function () {
-           return _t.html('background.custom');
-         };
+         function zoomPan(event, key, transform) {
+           var source = event && event.sourceEvent || event;
+           var eventTransform = transform || event && event.transform;
+           var x = eventTransform.x;
+           var y = eventTransform.y;
+           var k = eventTransform.k; // Special handling of 'wheel' events:
+           // They might be triggered by the user scrolling the mouse wheel,
+           // or 2-finger pinch/zoom gestures, the transform may need adjustment.
 
-         source.imageryUsed = function () {
-           // sanitize personal connection tokens - #6801
-           var cleaned = source.template(); // from query string parameters
+           if (source && source.type === 'wheel') {
+             // assume that the gesture is already handled by pointer events
+             if (_pointerDown) return;
+             var detected = utilDetect();
+             var dX = source.deltaX;
+             var dY = source.deltaY;
+             var x2 = x;
+             var y2 = y;
+             var k2 = k;
+             var t0, p0, p1; // Normalize mousewheel scroll speed (Firefox) - #3029
+             // If wheel delta is provided in LINE units, recalculate it in PIXEL units
+             // We are essentially redoing the calculations that occur here:
+             //   https://github.com/d3/d3-zoom/blob/78563a8348aa4133b07cac92e2595c2227ca7cd7/src/zoom.js#L203
+             // See this for more info:
+             //   https://github.com/basilfx/normalize-wheel/blob/master/src/normalizeWheel.js
 
-           if (cleaned.indexOf('?') !== -1) {
-             var parts = cleaned.split('?', 2);
-             var qs = utilStringQs(parts[1]);
-             ['access_token', 'connectId', 'token'].forEach(function (param) {
-               if (qs[param]) {
-                 qs[param] = '{apikey}';
-               }
-             });
-             cleaned = parts[0] + '?' + utilQsString(qs, true); // true = soft encode
-           } // from wms/wmts api path parameters
+             if (source.deltaMode === 1
+             /* LINE */
+             ) {
+                 // Convert from lines to pixels, more if the user is scrolling fast.
+                 // (I made up the exp function to roughly match Firefox to what Chrome does)
+                 // These numbers should be floats, because integers are treated as pan gesture below.
+                 var lines = Math.abs(source.deltaY);
+                 var sign = source.deltaY > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+                 dY = sign * clamp$1(Math.exp((lines - 1) * 0.75) * 4.000244140625, 4.000244140625, // min
+                 350.000244140625 // max
+                 ); // On Firefox Windows and Linux we always get +/- the scroll line amount (default 3)
+                 // There doesn't seem to be any scroll acceleration.
+                 // This multiplier increases the speed a little bit - #5512
 
+                 if (detected.os !== 'mac') {
+                   dY *= 5;
+                 } // recalculate x2,y2,k2
 
-           cleaned = cleaned.replace(/token\/(\w+)/, 'token/{apikey}');
-           return 'Custom (' + cleaned + ' )';
-         };
 
-         source.area = function () {
-           return -2; // sources in background pane are sorted by area
-         };
+                 t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
+                 p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
+                 p1 = t0.invert(p0);
+                 k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
+                 k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+                 x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
+                 y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // 2 finger map pinch zooming (Safari) - #5492
+                 // These are fake `wheel` events we made from Safari `gesturechange` events..
+               } else if (source._scale) {
+               // recalculate x2,y2,k2
+               t0 = _gestureTransformStart;
+               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
+               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
+               k2 = t0.k * source._scale;
+               k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
+               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // 2 finger map pinch zooming (all browsers except Safari) - #5492
+               // Pinch zooming via the `wheel` event will always have:
+               // - `ctrlKey = true`
+               // - `deltaY` is not round integer pixels (ignore `deltaX`)
+             } else if (source.ctrlKey && !isInteger(dY)) {
+               dY *= 6; // slightly scale up whatever the browser gave us
+               // recalculate x2,y2,k2
 
-         return source;
-       };
+               t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
+               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
+               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
+               k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
+               k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
+               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // Trackpad scroll zooming with shift or alt/option key down
+             } else if ((source.altKey || source.shiftKey) && isInteger(dY)) {
+               // recalculate x2,y2,k2
+               t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
+               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
+               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
+               k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
+               k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
+               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // 2 finger map panning (Mac only, all browsers except Firefox #8595) - #5492, #5512
+               // Panning via the `wheel` event will always have:
+               // - `ctrlKey = false`
+               // - `deltaX`,`deltaY` are round integer pixels
+             } else if (detected.os === 'mac' && detected.browser !== 'Firefox' && !source.ctrlKey && isInteger(dX) && isInteger(dY)) {
+               p1 = projection.translate();
+               x2 = p1[0] - dX;
+               y2 = p1[1] - dY;
+               k2 = projection.scale();
+               k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+             } // something changed - replace the event transform
 
-       function rendererTileLayer(context) {
-         var transformProp = utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
-         var tiler = utilTiler();
-         var _tileSize = 256;
 
-         var _projection;
+             if (x2 !== x || y2 !== y || k2 !== k) {
+               x = x2;
+               y = y2;
+               k = k2;
+               eventTransform = identity$2.translate(x2, y2).scale(k2);
 
-         var _cache = {};
+               if (_zoomerPanner._transform) {
+                 // utilZoomPan interface
+                 _zoomerPanner._transform(eventTransform);
+               } else {
+                 // d3_zoom interface
+                 _selection.node().__zoom = eventTransform;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-         var _tileOrigin;
+           if (_transformStart.x === x && _transformStart.y === y && _transformStart.k === k) {
+             return; // no change
+           }
 
-         var _zoom;
+           if (geoScaleToZoom(k, TILESIZE) < _minzoom) {
+             surface.interrupt();
+             dispatch.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
+             setCenterZoom(map.center(), context.minEditableZoom(), 0, true);
+             scheduleRedraw();
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
+             return;
+           }
 
-         var _source;
+           projection.transform(eventTransform);
+           var withinEditableZoom = map.withinEditableZoom();
 
-         function tileSizeAtZoom(d, z) {
-           var EPSILON = 0.002; // close seams
+           if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== withinEditableZoom) {
+             if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== undefined) {
+               // notify that the map zoomed in or out over the editable zoom threshold
+               dispatch.call('crossEditableZoom', this, withinEditableZoom);
+             }
 
-           return _tileSize * Math.pow(2, z - d[2]) / _tileSize + EPSILON;
-         }
+             _lastWithinEditableZoom = withinEditableZoom;
+           }
 
-         function atZoom(t, distance) {
-           var power = Math.pow(2, distance);
-           return [Math.floor(t[0] * power), Math.floor(t[1] * power), t[2] + distance];
-         }
+           var scale = k / _transformStart.k;
+           var tX = (x / scale - _transformStart.x) * scale;
+           var tY = (y / scale - _transformStart.y) * scale;
 
-         function lookUp(d) {
-           for (var up = -1; up > -d[2]; up--) {
-             var tile = atZoom(d, up);
+           if (context.inIntro()) {
+             curtainProjection.transform({
+               x: x - tX,
+               y: y - tY,
+               k: k
+             });
+           }
 
-             if (_cache[_source.url(tile)] !== false) {
-               return tile;
-             }
+           if (source) {
+             _lastPointerEvent = event;
            }
-         }
 
-         function uniqueBy(a, n) {
-           var o = [];
-           var seen = {};
+           _isTransformed = true;
+           _transformLast = eventTransform;
+           utilSetTransform(supersurface, tX, tY, scale);
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           dispatch.call('move', this, map);
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
-             if (seen[a[i][n]] === undefined) {
-               o.push(a[i]);
-               seen[a[i][n]] = true;
-             }
+           function isInteger(val) {
+             return typeof val === 'number' && isFinite(val) && Math.floor(val) === val;
            }
-
-           return o;
          }
 
-         function addSource(d) {
-           d.push(_source.url(d));
-           return d;
-         } // Update tiles based on current state of `projection`.
-
-
-         function background(selection) {
-           _zoom = geoScaleToZoom(_projection.scale(), _tileSize);
-           var pixelOffset;
+         function resetTransform() {
+           if (!_isTransformed) return false;
+           utilSetTransform(supersurface, 0, 0);
+           _isTransformed = false;
 
-           if (_source) {
-             pixelOffset = [_source.offset()[0] * Math.pow(2, _zoom), _source.offset()[1] * Math.pow(2, _zoom)];
-           } else {
-             pixelOffset = [0, 0];
+           if (context.inIntro()) {
+             curtainProjection.transform(projection.transform());
            }
 
-           var translate = [_projection.translate()[0] + pixelOffset[0], _projection.translate()[1] + pixelOffset[1]];
-           tiler.scale(_projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI).translate(translate);
-           _tileOrigin = [_projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[0], _projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[1]];
-           render(selection);
-         } // Derive the tiles onscreen, remove those offscreen and position them.
-         // Important that this part not depend on `_projection` because it's
-         // rentered when tiles load/error (see #644).
+           return true;
+         }
 
+         function redraw(difference, extent) {
+           if (surface.empty() || !_redrawEnabled) return; // If we are in the middle of a zoom/pan, we can't do differenced redraws.
+           // It would result in artifacts where differenced entities are redrawn with
+           // one transform and unchanged entities with another.
 
-         function render(selection) {
-           if (!_source) return;
-           var requests = [];
-           var showDebug = context.getDebug('tile') && !_source.overlay;
+           if (resetTransform()) {
+             difference = extent = undefined;
+           }
 
-           if (_source.validZoom(_zoom)) {
-             tiler.skipNullIsland(!!_source.overlay);
-             tiler().forEach(function (d) {
-               addSource(d);
-               if (d[3] === '') return;
-               if (typeof d[3] !== 'string') return; // Workaround for #2295
+           var zoom = map.zoom();
+           var z = String(~~zoom);
 
-               requests.push(d);
+           if (surface.attr('data-zoom') !== z) {
+             surface.attr('data-zoom', z);
+           } // class surface as `lowzoom` around z17-z18.5 (based on latitude)
 
-               if (_cache[d[3]] === false && lookUp(d)) {
-                 requests.push(addSource(lookUp(d)));
-               }
-             });
-             requests = uniqueBy(requests, 3).filter(function (r) {
-               // don't re-request tiles which have failed in the past
-               return _cache[r[3]] !== false;
-             });
-           }
 
-           function load(d3_event, d) {
-             _cache[d[3]] = true;
-             select(this).on('error', null).on('load', null).classed('tile-loaded', true);
-             render(selection);
-           }
+           var lat = map.center()[1];
+           var lowzoom = linear().domain([-60, 0, 60]).range([17, 18.5, 17]).clamp(true);
+           surface.classed('low-zoom', zoom <= lowzoom(lat));
 
-           function error(d3_event, d) {
-             _cache[d[3]] = false;
-             select(this).on('error', null).on('load', null).remove();
-             render(selection);
-           }
+           if (!difference) {
+             supersurface.call(context.background());
+             wrapper.call(drawLayers);
+           } // OSM
 
-           function imageTransform(d) {
-             var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
 
-             var scale = tileSizeAtZoom(d, _zoom);
-             return 'translate(' + (d[0] * ts - _tileOrigin[0]) + 'px,' + (d[1] * ts - _tileOrigin[1]) + 'px) ' + 'scale(' + scale + ',' + scale + ')';
+           if (map.editableDataEnabled() || map.isInWideSelection()) {
+             context.loadTiles(projection);
+             drawEditable(difference, extent);
+           } else {
+             editOff();
            }
 
-           function tileCenter(d) {
-             var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
+           _transformStart = projection.transform();
+           return map;
+         }
 
-             return [d[0] * ts - _tileOrigin[0] + ts / 2, d[1] * ts - _tileOrigin[1] + ts / 2];
-           }
+         var immediateRedraw = function immediateRedraw(difference, extent) {
+           if (!difference && !extent) cancelPendingRedraw();
+           redraw(difference, extent);
+         };
 
-           function debugTransform(d) {
-             var coord = tileCenter(d);
-             return 'translate(' + coord[0] + 'px,' + coord[1] + 'px)';
-           } // Pick a representative tile near the center of the viewport
-           // (This is useful for sampling the imagery vintage)
+         map.lastPointerEvent = function () {
+           return _lastPointerEvent;
+         };
 
+         map.mouse = function (d3_event) {
+           var event = d3_event || _lastPointerEvent;
 
-           var dims = tiler.size();
-           var mapCenter = [dims[0] / 2, dims[1] / 2];
-           var minDist = Math.max(dims[0], dims[1]);
-           var nearCenter;
-           requests.forEach(function (d) {
-             var c = tileCenter(d);
-             var dist = geoVecLength(c, mapCenter);
+           if (event) {
+             var s;
 
-             if (dist < minDist) {
-               minDist = dist;
-               nearCenter = d;
+             while (s = event.sourceEvent) {
+               event = s;
              }
-           });
-           var image = selection.selectAll('img').data(requests, function (d) {
-             return d[3];
-           });
-           image.exit().style(transformProp, imageTransform).classed('tile-removing', true).classed('tile-center', false).each(function () {
-             var tile = select(this);
-             window.setTimeout(function () {
-               if (tile.classed('tile-removing')) {
-                 tile.remove();
-               }
-             }, 300);
-           });
-           image.enter().append('img').attr('class', 'tile').attr('draggable', 'false').style('width', _tileSize + 'px').style('height', _tileSize + 'px').attr('src', function (d) {
-             return d[3];
-           }).on('error', error).on('load', load).merge(image).style(transformProp, imageTransform).classed('tile-debug', showDebug).classed('tile-removing', false).classed('tile-center', function (d) {
-             return d === nearCenter;
-           });
-           var debug = selection.selectAll('.tile-label-debug').data(showDebug ? requests : [], function (d) {
-             return d[3];
-           });
-           debug.exit().remove();
 
-           if (showDebug) {
-             var debugEnter = debug.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tile-label-debug');
-             debugEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-coord');
-             debugEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-vintage');
-             debug = debug.merge(debugEnter);
-             debug.style(transformProp, debugTransform);
-             debug.selectAll('.tile-label-debug-coord').html(function (d) {
-               return d[2] + ' / ' + d[0] + ' / ' + d[1];
-             });
-             debug.selectAll('.tile-label-debug-vintage').each(function (d) {
-               var span = select(this);
-               var center = context.projection.invert(tileCenter(d));
-
-               _source.getMetadata(center, d, function (err, result) {
-                 span.html(result && result.vintage && result.vintage.range || _t('info_panels.background.vintage') + ': ' + _t('info_panels.background.unknown'));
-               });
-             });
+             return _getMouseCoords(event);
            }
-         }
 
-         background.projection = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _projection;
-           _projection = val;
-           return background;
+           return null;
+         }; // returns Lng/Lat
+
+
+         map.mouseCoordinates = function () {
+           var coord = map.mouse() || pxCenter();
+           return projection.invert(coord);
+         };
+
+         map.dblclickZoomEnable = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _dblClickZoomEnabled;
+           _dblClickZoomEnabled = val;
+           return map;
          };
 
-         background.dimensions = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return tiler.size();
-           tiler.size(val);
-           return background;
+         map.redrawEnable = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _redrawEnabled;
+           _redrawEnabled = val;
+           return map;
          };
 
-         background.source = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _source;
-           _source = val;
-           _tileSize = _source.tileSize;
-           _cache = {};
-           tiler.tileSize(_source.tileSize).zoomExtent(_source.zoomExtent);
-           return background;
+         map.isTransformed = function () {
+           return _isTransformed;
          };
 
-         return background;
-       }
+         function setTransform(t2, duration, force) {
+           var t = projection.transform();
+           if (!force && t2.k === t.k && t2.x === t.x && t2.y === t.y) return false;
 
-       var _imageryIndex = null;
-       function rendererBackground(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var detected = utilDetect();
-         var baseLayer = rendererTileLayer(context).projection(context.projection);
-         var _isValid = true;
-         var _overlayLayers = [];
-         var _brightness = 1;
-         var _contrast = 1;
-         var _saturation = 1;
-         var _sharpness = 1;
+           if (duration) {
+             _selection.transition().duration(duration).on('start', function () {
+               map.startEase();
+             }).call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t2.x, t2.y).scale(t2.k));
+           } else {
+             projection.transform(t2);
+             _transformStart = t2;
 
-         function ensureImageryIndex() {
-           return _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery').then(function (sources) {
-             if (_imageryIndex) return _imageryIndex;
-             _imageryIndex = {
-               imagery: sources,
-               features: {}
-             }; // use which-polygon to support efficient index and querying for imagery
+             _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
+           }
 
-             var features = sources.map(function (source) {
-               if (!source.polygon) return null; // workaround for editor-layer-index weirdness..
-               // Add an extra array nest to each element in `source.polygon`
-               // so the rings are not treated as a bunch of holes:
-               // what we have: [ [[outer],[hole],[hole]] ]
-               // what we want: [ [[outer]],[[outer]],[[outer]] ]
+           return true;
+         }
 
-               var rings = source.polygon.map(function (ring) {
-                 return [ring];
-               });
-               var feature = {
-                 type: 'Feature',
-                 properties: {
-                   id: source.id
-                 },
-                 geometry: {
-                   type: 'MultiPolygon',
-                   coordinates: rings
-                 }
-               };
-               _imageryIndex.features[source.id] = feature;
-               return feature;
-             }).filter(Boolean);
-             _imageryIndex.query = whichPolygon_1({
-               type: 'FeatureCollection',
-               features: features
-             }); // Instantiate `rendererBackgroundSource` objects for each source
+         function setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, force) {
+           var c = map.center();
+           var z = map.zoom();
+           if (loc2[0] === c[0] && loc2[1] === c[1] && z2 === z && !force) return false;
+           var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform()); // copy projection
 
-             _imageryIndex.backgrounds = sources.map(function (source) {
-               if (source.type === 'bing') {
-                 return rendererBackgroundSource.Bing(source, dispatch$1);
-               } else if (/^EsriWorldImagery/.test(source.id)) {
-                 return rendererBackgroundSource.Esri(source);
-               } else {
-                 return rendererBackgroundSource(source);
-               }
-             }); // Add 'None'
+           var k2 = clamp$1(geoZoomToScale(z2, TILESIZE), kMin, kMax);
+           proj.scale(k2);
+           var t = proj.translate();
+           var point = proj(loc2);
+           var center = pxCenter();
+           t[0] += center[0] - point[0];
+           t[1] += center[1] - point[1];
+           return setTransform(identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k2), duration, force);
+         }
 
-             _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(rendererBackgroundSource.None()); // Add 'Custom'
+         map.pan = function (delta, duration) {
+           var t = projection.translate();
+           var k = projection.scale();
+           t[0] += delta[0];
+           t[1] += delta[1];
 
+           if (duration) {
+             _selection.transition().duration(duration).on('start', function () {
+               map.startEase();
+             }).call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k));
+           } else {
+             projection.translate(t);
+             _transformStart = projection.transform();
 
-             var template = corePreferences('background-custom-template') || '';
-             var custom = rendererBackgroundSource.Custom(template);
+             _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
 
-             _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(custom);
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
+             immediateRedraw();
+           }
 
-             return _imageryIndex;
-           });
-         }
+           return map;
+         };
 
-         function background(selection) {
-           var currSource = baseLayer.source(); // If we are displaying an Esri basemap at high zoom,
-           // check its tilemap to see how high the zoom can go
+         map.dimensions = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _dimensions;
+           _dimensions = val;
+           drawLayers.dimensions(_dimensions);
+           context.background().dimensions(_dimensions);
+           projection.clipExtent([[0, 0], _dimensions]);
+           _getMouseCoords = utilFastMouse(supersurface.node());
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           if (context.map().zoom() > 18) {
-             if (currSource && /^EsriWorldImagery/.test(currSource.id)) {
-               var center = context.map().center();
-               currSource.fetchTilemap(center);
-             }
-           } // Is the imagery valid here? - #4827
+         function zoomIn(delta) {
+           setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() + delta, 250, true);
+         }
 
+         function zoomOut(delta) {
+           setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() - delta, 250, true);
+         }
 
-           var sources = background.sources(context.map().extent());
-           var wasValid = _isValid;
-           _isValid = !!sources.filter(function (d) {
-             return d === currSource;
-           }).length;
+         map.zoomIn = function () {
+           zoomIn(1);
+         };
 
-           if (wasValid !== _isValid) {
-             // change in valid status
-             background.updateImagery();
-           }
+         map.zoomInFurther = function () {
+           zoomIn(4);
+         };
 
-           var baseFilter = '';
+         map.canZoomIn = function () {
+           return map.zoom() < maxZoom;
+         };
 
-           if (detected.cssfilters) {
-             if (_brightness !== 1) {
-               baseFilter += " brightness(".concat(_brightness, ")");
-             }
+         map.zoomOut = function () {
+           zoomOut(1);
+         };
 
-             if (_contrast !== 1) {
-               baseFilter += " contrast(".concat(_contrast, ")");
-             }
+         map.zoomOutFurther = function () {
+           zoomOut(4);
+         };
 
-             if (_saturation !== 1) {
-               baseFilter += " saturate(".concat(_saturation, ")");
-             }
+         map.canZoomOut = function () {
+           return map.zoom() > minZoom;
+         };
 
-             if (_sharpness < 1) {
-               // gaussian blur
-               var blur = d3_interpolateNumber(0.5, 5)(1 - _sharpness);
-               baseFilter += " blur(".concat(blur, "px)");
-             }
+         map.center = function (loc2) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return projection.invert(pxCenter());
            }
 
-           var base = selection.selectAll('.layer-background').data([0]);
-           base = base.enter().insert('div', '.layer-data').attr('class', 'layer layer-background').merge(base);
-
-           if (detected.cssfilters) {
-             base.style('filter', baseFilter || null);
-           } else {
-             base.style('opacity', _brightness);
+           if (setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom())) {
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
            }
 
-           var imagery = base.selectAll('.layer-imagery').data([0]);
-           imagery.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'layer layer-imagery').merge(imagery).call(baseLayer);
-           var maskFilter = '';
-           var mixBlendMode = '';
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           if (detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1) {
-             // apply unsharp mask
-             mixBlendMode = 'overlay';
-             maskFilter = 'saturate(0) blur(3px) invert(1)';
-             var contrast = _sharpness - 1;
-             maskFilter += " contrast(".concat(contrast, ")");
-             var brightness = d3_interpolateNumber(1, 0.85)(_sharpness - 1);
-             maskFilter += " brightness(".concat(brightness, ")");
-           }
+         map.unobscuredCenterZoomEase = function (loc, zoom) {
+           var offset = map.unobscuredOffsetPx();
+           var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform()); // copy projection
+           // use the target zoom to calculate the offset center
 
-           var mask = base.selectAll('.layer-unsharp-mask').data(detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1 ? [0] : []);
-           mask.exit().remove();
-           mask.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'layer layer-mask layer-unsharp-mask').merge(mask).call(baseLayer).style('filter', maskFilter || null).style('mix-blend-mode', mixBlendMode || null);
-           var overlays = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay').data(_overlayLayers, function (d) {
-             return d.source().name();
-           });
-           overlays.exit().remove();
-           overlays.enter().insert('div', '.layer-data').attr('class', 'layer layer-overlay').merge(overlays).each(function (layer, i, nodes) {
-             return select(nodes[i]).call(layer);
-           });
-         }
+           proj.scale(geoZoomToScale(zoom, TILESIZE));
+           var locPx = proj(loc);
+           var offsetLocPx = [locPx[0] + offset[0], locPx[1] + offset[1]];
+           var offsetLoc = proj.invert(offsetLocPx);
+           map.centerZoomEase(offsetLoc, zoom);
+         };
 
-         background.updateImagery = function () {
-           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
-           if (context.inIntro() || !currSource) return;
+         map.unobscuredOffsetPx = function () {
+           var openPane = context.container().select('.map-panes .map-pane.shown');
 
-           var o = _overlayLayers.filter(function (d) {
-             return !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden();
-           }).map(function (d) {
-             return d.source().id;
-           }).join(',');
+           if (!openPane.empty()) {
+             return [openPane.node().offsetWidth / 2, 0];
+           }
 
-           var meters = geoOffsetToMeters(currSource.offset());
-           var EPSILON = 0.01;
-           var x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
-           var y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);
-           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-           var id = currSource.id;
+           return [0, 0];
+         };
 
-           if (id === 'custom') {
-             id = "custom:".concat(currSource.template());
+         map.zoom = function (z2) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return Math.max(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale(), TILESIZE), 0);
            }
 
-           if (id) {
-             hash.background = id;
-           } else {
-             delete hash.background;
+           if (z2 < _minzoom) {
+             surface.interrupt();
+             dispatch.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
+             z2 = context.minEditableZoom();
            }
 
-           if (o) {
-             hash.overlays = o;
-           } else {
-             delete hash.overlays;
+           if (setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2)) {
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
            }
 
-           if (Math.abs(x) > EPSILON || Math.abs(y) > EPSILON) {
-             hash.offset = "".concat(x, ",").concat(y);
-           } else {
-             delete hash.offset;
-           }
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           if (!window.mocha) {
-             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+         map.centerZoom = function (loc2, z2) {
+           if (setCenterZoom(loc2, z2)) {
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
            }
 
-           var imageryUsed = [];
-           var photoOverlaysUsed = [];
-           var currUsed = currSource.imageryUsed();
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           if (currUsed && _isValid) {
-             imageryUsed.push(currUsed);
-           }
+         map.zoomTo = function (entity) {
+           var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+           if (!isFinite(extent.area())) return map;
+           var z2 = clamp$1(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
+           return map.centerZoom(extent.center(), z2);
+         };
 
-           _overlayLayers.filter(function (d) {
-             return !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden();
-           }).forEach(function (d) {
-             return imageryUsed.push(d.source().imageryUsed());
-           });
+         map.centerEase = function (loc2, duration) {
+           duration = duration || 250;
+           setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom(), duration);
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           var dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data');
+         map.zoomEase = function (z2, duration) {
+           duration = duration || 250;
+           setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2, duration, false);
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           if (dataLayer && dataLayer.enabled() && dataLayer.hasData()) {
-             imageryUsed.push(dataLayer.getSrc());
-           }
+         map.centerZoomEase = function (loc2, z2, duration) {
+           duration = duration || 250;
+           setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, false);
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           var photoOverlayLayers = {
-             streetside: 'Bing Streetside',
-             mapillary: 'Mapillary Images',
-             'mapillary-map-features': 'Mapillary Map Features',
-             'mapillary-signs': 'Mapillary Signs',
-             openstreetcam: 'OpenStreetCam Images'
-           };
+         map.transformEase = function (t2, duration) {
+           duration = duration || 250;
+           setTransform(t2, duration, false
+           /* don't force */
+           );
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           for (var layerID in photoOverlayLayers) {
-             var layer = context.layers().layer(layerID);
+         map.zoomToEase = function (obj, duration) {
+           var extent;
 
-             if (layer && layer.enabled()) {
-               photoOverlaysUsed.push(layerID);
-               imageryUsed.push(photoOverlayLayers[layerID]);
-             }
+           if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
+             obj.forEach(function (entity) {
+               var entityExtent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+
+               if (!extent) {
+                 extent = entityExtent;
+               } else {
+                 extent = extent.extend(entityExtent);
+               }
+             });
+           } else {
+             extent = obj.extent(context.graph());
            }
 
-           context.history().imageryUsed(imageryUsed);
-           context.history().photoOverlaysUsed(photoOverlaysUsed);
+           if (!isFinite(extent.area())) return map;
+           var z2 = clamp$1(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
+           return map.centerZoomEase(extent.center(), z2, duration);
          };
 
-         var _checkedBlocklists;
+         map.startEase = function () {
+           utilBindOnce(surface, _pointerPrefix + 'down.ease', function () {
+             map.cancelEase();
+           });
+           return map;
+         };
 
-         background.sources = function (extent, zoom, includeCurrent) {
-           if (!_imageryIndex) return []; // called before init()?
+         map.cancelEase = function () {
+           _selection.interrupt();
 
-           var visible = {};
-           (_imageryIndex.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true) || []).forEach(function (d) {
-             return visible[d.id] = true;
-           });
-           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           var blocklists = osm && osm.imageryBlocklists();
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           if (blocklists && blocklists !== _checkedBlocklists) {
-             _imageryIndex.backgrounds.forEach(function (source) {
-               source.isBlocked = blocklists.some(function (blocklist) {
-                 return blocklist.test(source.template());
-               });
-             });
+         map.extent = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return new geoExtent(projection.invert([0, _dimensions[1]]), projection.invert([_dimensions[0], 0]));
+           } else {
+             var extent = geoExtent(val);
+             map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.extentZoom(extent));
+           }
+         };
 
-             _checkedBlocklists = blocklists;
+         map.trimmedExtent = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             var headerY = 71;
+             var footerY = 30;
+             var pad = 10;
+             return new geoExtent(projection.invert([pad, _dimensions[1] - footerY - pad]), projection.invert([_dimensions[0] - pad, headerY + pad]));
+           } else {
+             var extent = geoExtent(val);
+             map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
            }
+         };
 
-           return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.filter(function (source) {
-             if (includeCurrent && currSource === source) return true; // optionally always include the current imagery
+         function calcExtentZoom(extent, dim) {
+           var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
+           var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]); // Calculate maximum zoom that fits extent
 
-             if (source.isBlocked) return false; // even bundled sources may be blocked - #7905
+           var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / dim[0];
+           var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / dim[1];
+           var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
+           var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
+           var newZoom = map.zoom() - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);
+           return newZoom;
+         }
 
-             if (!source.polygon) return true; // always include imagery with worldwide coverage
+         map.extentZoom = function (val) {
+           return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), _dimensions);
+         };
 
-             if (zoom && zoom < 6) return false; // optionally exclude local imagery at low zooms
+         map.trimmedExtentZoom = function (val) {
+           var trimY = 120;
+           var trimX = 40;
+           var trimmed = [_dimensions[0] - trimX, _dimensions[1] - trimY];
+           return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), trimmed);
+         };
 
-             return visible[source.id]; // include imagery visible in given extent
-           });
+         map.withinEditableZoom = function () {
+           return map.zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
          };
 
-         background.dimensions = function (val) {
-           if (!val) return;
-           baseLayer.dimensions(val);
+         map.isInWideSelection = function () {
+           return !map.withinEditableZoom() && context.selectedIDs().length;
+         };
 
-           _overlayLayers.forEach(function (layer) {
-             return layer.dimensions(val);
-           });
+         map.editableDataEnabled = function (skipZoomCheck) {
+           var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
+           if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) return false;
+           return skipZoomCheck || map.withinEditableZoom();
          };
 
-         background.baseLayerSource = function (d) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return baseLayer.source(); // test source against OSM imagery blocklists..
+         map.notesEditable = function () {
+           var layer = context.layers().layer('notes');
+           if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) return false;
+           return map.withinEditableZoom();
+         };
 
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           if (!osm) return background;
-           var blocklists = osm.imageryBlocklists();
-           var template = d.template();
-           var fail = false;
-           var tested = 0;
-           var regex;
+         map.minzoom = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _minzoom;
+           _minzoom = val;
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < blocklists.length; i++) {
-             regex = blocklists[i];
-             fail = regex.test(template);
-             tested++;
-             if (fail) break;
-           } // ensure at least one test was run.
+         map.toggleHighlightEdited = function () {
+           surface.classed('highlight-edited', !surface.classed('highlight-edited'));
+           map.pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
+           dispatch.call('changeHighlighting', this);
+         };
 
-           if (!tested) {
-             regex = /.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/;
-             fail = regex.test(template);
+         map.areaFillOptions = ['wireframe', 'partial', 'full'];
+
+         map.activeAreaFill = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return corePreferences('area-fill') || 'partial';
+           corePreferences('area-fill', val);
+
+           if (val !== 'wireframe') {
+             corePreferences('area-fill-toggle', val);
            }
 
-           baseLayer.source(!fail ? d : background.findSource('none'));
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-           background.updateImagery();
-           return background;
+           updateAreaFill();
+           map.pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+
+           dispatch.call('changeAreaFill', this);
+           return map;
          };
 
-         background.findSource = function (id) {
-           if (!id || !_imageryIndex) return null; // called before init()?
+         map.toggleWireframe = function () {
+           var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();
 
-           return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(function (d) {
-             return d.id && d.id === id;
-           });
-         };
+           if (activeFill === 'wireframe') {
+             activeFill = corePreferences('area-fill-toggle') || 'partial';
+           } else {
+             activeFill = 'wireframe';
+           }
 
-         background.bing = function () {
-           background.baseLayerSource(background.findSource('Bing'));
+           map.activeAreaFill(activeFill);
          };
 
-         background.showsLayer = function (d) {
-           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
-           if (!d || !currSource) return false;
-           return d.id === currSource.id || _overlayLayers.some(function (layer) {
-             return d.id === layer.source().id;
+         function updateAreaFill() {
+           var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();
+           map.areaFillOptions.forEach(function (opt) {
+             surface.classed('fill-' + opt, Boolean(opt === activeFill));
            });
-         };
+         }
 
-         background.overlayLayerSources = function () {
-           return _overlayLayers.map(function (layer) {
-             return layer.source();
-           });
+         map.layers = function () {
+           return drawLayers;
          };
 
-         background.toggleOverlayLayer = function (d) {
-           var layer;
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < _overlayLayers.length; i++) {
-             layer = _overlayLayers[i];
+         map.doubleUpHandler = function () {
+           return _doubleUpHandler;
+         };
 
-             if (layer.source() === d) {
-               _overlayLayers.splice(i, 1);
+         return utilRebind(map, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('change');
-               background.updateImagery();
-               return;
-             }
-           }
+       function rendererPhotos(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var _layerIDs = ['streetside', 'mapillary', 'mapillary-map-features', 'mapillary-signs', 'openstreetcam'];
+         var _allPhotoTypes = ['flat', 'panoramic'];
 
-           layer = rendererTileLayer(context).source(d).projection(context.projection).dimensions(baseLayer.dimensions());
+         var _shownPhotoTypes = _allPhotoTypes.slice(); // shallow copy
 
-           _overlayLayers.push(layer);
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-           background.updateImagery();
-         };
+         var _dateFilters = ['fromDate', 'toDate'];
 
-         background.nudge = function (d, zoom) {
-           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
+         var _fromDate;
 
-           if (currSource) {
-             currSource.nudge(d, zoom);
-             dispatch$1.call('change');
-             background.updateImagery();
-           }
+         var _toDate;
 
-           return background;
-         };
+         var _usernames;
 
-         background.offset = function (d) {
-           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
+         function photos() {}
 
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return currSource && currSource.offset() || [0, 0];
-           }
+         function updateStorage() {
+           if (window.mocha) return;
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+           var enabled = context.layers().all().filter(function (d) {
+             return _layerIDs.indexOf(d.id) !== -1 && d.layer && d.layer.supported() && d.layer.enabled();
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           });
 
-           if (currSource) {
-             currSource.offset(d);
-             dispatch$1.call('change');
-             background.updateImagery();
+           if (enabled.length) {
+             hash.photo_overlay = enabled.join(',');
+           } else {
+             delete hash.photo_overlay;
            }
 
-           return background;
-         };
+           window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+         }
 
-         background.brightness = function (d) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _brightness;
-           _brightness = d;
-           if (context.mode()) dispatch$1.call('change');
-           return background;
+         photos.overlayLayerIDs = function () {
+           return _layerIDs;
          };
 
-         background.contrast = function (d) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _contrast;
-           _contrast = d;
-           if (context.mode()) dispatch$1.call('change');
-           return background;
+         photos.allPhotoTypes = function () {
+           return _allPhotoTypes;
          };
 
-         background.saturation = function (d) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _saturation;
-           _saturation = d;
-           if (context.mode()) dispatch$1.call('change');
-           return background;
+         photos.dateFilters = function () {
+           return _dateFilters;
          };
 
-         background.sharpness = function (d) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _sharpness;
-           _sharpness = d;
-           if (context.mode()) dispatch$1.call('change');
-           return background;
+         photos.dateFilterValue = function (val) {
+           return val === _dateFilters[0] ? _fromDate : _toDate;
          };
 
-         var _loadPromise;
-
-         background.ensureLoaded = function () {
-           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
+         photos.setDateFilter = function (type, val, updateUrl) {
+           // validate the date
+           var date = val && new Date(val);
 
-           function parseMapParams(qmap) {
-             if (!qmap) return false;
-             var params = qmap.split('/').map(Number);
-             if (params.length < 3 || params.some(isNaN)) return false;
-             return geoExtent([params[2], params[1]]); // lon,lat
+           if (date && !isNaN(date)) {
+             val = date.toISOString().substr(0, 10);
+           } else {
+             val = null;
            }
 
-           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-           var requested = hash.background || hash.layer;
-           var extent = parseMapParams(hash.map);
-           return _loadPromise = ensureImageryIndex().then(function (imageryIndex) {
-             var first = imageryIndex.backgrounds.length && imageryIndex.backgrounds[0];
-             var best;
-
-             if (!requested && extent) {
-               best = background.sources(extent).find(function (s) {
-                 return s.best();
-               });
-             } // Decide which background layer to display
-
+           if (type === _dateFilters[0]) {
+             _fromDate = val;
 
-             if (requested && requested.indexOf('custom:') === 0) {
-               var template = requested.replace(/^custom:/, '');
-               var custom = background.findSource('custom');
-               background.baseLayerSource(custom.template(template));
-               corePreferences('background-custom-template', template);
-             } else {
-               background.baseLayerSource(background.findSource(requested) || best || background.findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used')) || background.findSource('Bing') || first || background.findSource('none'));
+             if (_fromDate && _toDate && new Date(_toDate) < new Date(_fromDate)) {
+               _toDate = _fromDate;
              }
+           }
 
-             var locator = imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(function (d) {
-               return d.overlay && d["default"];
-             });
+           if (type === _dateFilters[1]) {
+             _toDate = val;
 
-             if (locator) {
-               background.toggleOverlayLayer(locator);
+             if (_fromDate && _toDate && new Date(_toDate) < new Date(_fromDate)) {
+               _fromDate = _toDate;
              }
+           }
 
-             var overlays = (hash.overlays || '').split(',');
-             overlays.forEach(function (overlay) {
-               overlay = background.findSource(overlay);
-
-               if (overlay) {
-                 background.toggleOverlayLayer(overlay);
-               }
-             });
+           dispatch.call('change', this);
 
-             if (hash.gpx) {
-               var gpx = context.layers().layer('data');
+           if (updateUrl) {
+             var rangeString;
 
-               if (gpx) {
-                 gpx.url(hash.gpx, '.gpx');
-               }
+             if (_fromDate || _toDate) {
+               rangeString = (_fromDate || '') + '_' + (_toDate || '');
              }
 
-             if (hash.offset) {
-               var offset = hash.offset.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',').map(function (n) {
-                 return !isNaN(n) && n;
-               });
+             setUrlFilterValue('photo_dates', rangeString);
+           }
+         };
 
-               if (offset.length === 2) {
-                 background.offset(geoMetersToOffset(offset));
-               }
+         photos.setUsernameFilter = function (val, updateUrl) {
+           if (val && typeof val === 'string') val = val.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+
+           if (val) {
+             val = val.map(function (d) {
+               return d.trim();
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+
+             if (!val.length) {
+               val = null;
              }
-           })["catch"](function () {
-             /* ignore */
-           });
-         };
+           }
 
-         return utilRebind(background, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           _usernames = val;
+           dispatch.call('change', this);
 
-       function rendererFeatures(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'redraw');
-         var features = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
+           if (updateUrl) {
+             var hashString;
 
-         var _deferred = new Set();
+             if (_usernames) {
+               hashString = _usernames.join(',');
+             }
 
-         var traffic_roads = {
-           'motorway': true,
-           'motorway_link': true,
-           'trunk': true,
-           'trunk_link': true,
-           'primary': true,
-           'primary_link': true,
-           'secondary': true,
-           'secondary_link': true,
-           'tertiary': true,
-           'tertiary_link': true,
-           'residential': true,
-           'unclassified': true,
-           'living_street': true
-         };
-         var service_roads = {
-           'service': true,
-           'road': true,
-           'track': true
-         };
-         var paths = {
-           'path': true,
-           'footway': true,
-           'cycleway': true,
-           'bridleway': true,
-           'steps': true,
-           'pedestrian': true
-         };
-         var past_futures = {
-           'proposed': true,
-           'construction': true,
-           'abandoned': true,
-           'dismantled': true,
-           'disused': true,
-           'razed': true,
-           'demolished': true,
-           'obliterated': true
+             setUrlFilterValue('photo_username', hashString);
+           }
          };
-         var _cullFactor = 1;
-         var _cache = {};
-         var _rules = {};
-         var _stats = {};
-         var _keys = [];
-         var _hidden = [];
-         var _forceVisible = {};
 
-         function update() {
+         function setUrlFilterValue(property, val) {
            if (!window.mocha) {
              var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-             var disabled = features.disabled();
 
-             if (disabled.length) {
-               hash.disable_features = disabled.join(',');
+             if (val) {
+               if (hash[property] === val) return;
+               hash[property] = val;
              } else {
-               delete hash.disable_features;
+               if (!(property in hash)) return;
+               delete hash[property];
              }
 
              window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
-             corePreferences('disabled-features', disabled.join(','));
            }
-
-           _hidden = features.hidden();
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-           dispatch$1.call('redraw');
          }
 
-         function defineRule(k, filter, max) {
-           var isEnabled = true;
-
-           _keys.push(k);
-
-           _rules[k] = {
-             filter: filter,
-             enabled: isEnabled,
-             // whether the user wants it enabled..
-             count: 0,
-             currentMax: max || Infinity,
-             defaultMax: max || Infinity,
-             enable: function enable() {
-               this.enabled = true;
-               this.currentMax = this.defaultMax;
-             },
-             disable: function disable() {
-               this.enabled = false;
-               this.currentMax = 0;
-             },
-             hidden: function hidden() {
-               return this.count === 0 && !this.enabled || this.count > this.currentMax * _cullFactor;
-             },
-             autoHidden: function autoHidden() {
-               return this.hidden() && this.currentMax > 0;
-             }
-           };
+         function showsLayer(id) {
+           var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
+           return layer && layer.supported() && layer.enabled();
          }
 
-         defineRule('points', function isPoint(tags, geometry) {
-           return geometry === 'point';
-         }, 200);
-         defineRule('traffic_roads', function isTrafficRoad(tags) {
-           return traffic_roads[tags.highway];
-         });
-         defineRule('service_roads', function isServiceRoad(tags) {
-           return service_roads[tags.highway];
-         });
-         defineRule('paths', function isPath(tags) {
-           return paths[tags.highway];
-         });
-         defineRule('buildings', function isBuilding(tags) {
-           return !!tags.building && tags.building !== 'no' || tags.parking === 'multi-storey' || tags.parking === 'sheds' || tags.parking === 'carports' || tags.parking === 'garage_boxes';
-         }, 250);
-         defineRule('building_parts', function isBuildingPart(tags) {
-           return tags['building:part'];
-         });
-         defineRule('indoor', function isIndoor(tags) {
-           return tags.indoor;
-         });
-         defineRule('landuse', function isLanduse(tags, geometry) {
-           return geometry === 'area' && !_rules.buildings.filter(tags) && !_rules.building_parts.filter(tags) && !_rules.indoor.filter(tags) && !_rules.water.filter(tags) && !_rules.pistes.filter(tags);
-         });
-         defineRule('boundaries', function isBoundary(tags) {
-           return !!tags.boundary && !(traffic_roads[tags.highway] || service_roads[tags.highway] || paths[tags.highway] || tags.waterway || tags.railway || tags.landuse || tags.natural || tags.building || tags.power);
-         });
-         defineRule('water', function isWater(tags) {
-           return !!tags.waterway || tags.natural === 'water' || tags.natural === 'coastline' || tags.natural === 'bay' || tags.landuse === 'pond' || tags.landuse === 'basin' || tags.landuse === 'reservoir' || tags.landuse === 'salt_pond';
-         });
-         defineRule('rail', function isRail(tags) {
-           return (!!tags.railway || tags.landuse === 'railway') && !(traffic_roads[tags.highway] || service_roads[tags.highway] || paths[tags.highway]);
-         });
-         defineRule('pistes', function isPiste(tags) {
-           return tags['piste:type'];
-         });
-         defineRule('aerialways', function isPiste(tags) {
-           return tags.aerialway && tags.aerialway !== 'yes' && tags.aerialway !== 'station';
-         });
-         defineRule('power', function isPower(tags) {
-           return !!tags.power;
-         }); // contains a past/future tag, but not in active use as a road/path/cycleway/etc..
-
-         defineRule('past_future', function isPastFuture(tags) {
-           if (traffic_roads[tags.highway] || service_roads[tags.highway] || paths[tags.highway]) {
-             return false;
-           }
+         photos.shouldFilterByDate = function () {
+           return showsLayer('mapillary') || showsLayer('openstreetcam') || showsLayer('streetside');
+         };
 
-           var strings = Object.keys(tags);
+         photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType = function () {
+           return showsLayer('mapillary') || showsLayer('streetside') && showsLayer('openstreetcam');
+         };
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < strings.length; i++) {
-             var s = strings[i];
+         photos.shouldFilterByUsername = function () {
+           return !showsLayer('mapillary') && showsLayer('openstreetcam') && !showsLayer('streetside');
+         };
 
-             if (past_futures[s] || past_futures[tags[s]]) {
-               return true;
-             }
-           }
+         photos.showsPhotoType = function (val) {
+           if (!photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType()) return true;
+           return _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val) !== -1;
+         };
 
-           return false;
-         }); // Lines or areas that don't match another feature filter.
-         // IMPORTANT: The 'others' feature must be the last one defined,
-         //   so that code in getMatches can skip this test if `hasMatch = true`
+         photos.showsFlat = function () {
+           return photos.showsPhotoType('flat');
+         };
 
-         defineRule('others', function isOther(tags, geometry) {
-           return geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area';
-         });
+         photos.showsPanoramic = function () {
+           return photos.showsPhotoType('panoramic');
+         };
 
-         features.features = function () {
-           return _rules;
+         photos.fromDate = function () {
+           return _fromDate;
          };
 
-         features.keys = function () {
-           return _keys;
+         photos.toDate = function () {
+           return _toDate;
          };
 
-         features.enabled = function (k) {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
-               return _rules[k].enabled;
-             });
+         photos.togglePhotoType = function (val) {
+           var index = _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val);
+
+           if (index !== -1) {
+             _shownPhotoTypes.splice(index, 1);
+           } else {
+             _shownPhotoTypes.push(val);
            }
 
-           return _rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled;
+           dispatch.call('change', this);
+           return photos;
          };
 
-         features.disabled = function (k) {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
-               return !_rules[k].enabled;
-             });
-           }
-
-           return _rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled;
+         photos.usernames = function () {
+           return _usernames;
          };
 
-         features.hidden = function (k) {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
-               return _rules[k].hidden();
-             });
+         photos.init = function () {
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+
+           if (hash.photo_dates) {
+             // expect format like `photo_dates=2019-01-01_2020-12-31`, but allow a couple different separators
+             var parts = /^(.*)[–_](.*)$/g.exec(hash.photo_dates.trim());
+             this.setDateFilter('fromDate', parts && parts.length >= 2 && parts[1], false);
+             this.setDateFilter('toDate', parts && parts.length >= 3 && parts[2], false);
            }
 
-           return _rules[k] && _rules[k].hidden();
-         };
+           if (hash.photo_username) {
+             this.setUsernameFilter(hash.photo_username, false);
+           }
 
-         features.autoHidden = function (k) {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
-               return _rules[k].autoHidden();
+           if (hash.photo_overlay) {
+             // support enabling photo layers by default via a URL parameter, e.g. `photo_overlay=openstreetcam;mapillary;streetside`
+             var hashOverlayIDs = hash.photo_overlay.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+             hashOverlayIDs.forEach(function (id) {
+               var layer = _layerIDs.indexOf(id) !== -1 && context.layers().layer(id);
+               if (layer && !layer.enabled()) layer.enabled(true);
              });
            }
 
-           return _rules[k] && _rules[k].autoHidden();
-         };
-
-         features.enable = function (k) {
-           if (_rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled) {
-             _rules[k].enable();
-
-             update();
-           }
-         };
+           if (hash.photo) {
+             // support opening a photo via a URL parameter, e.g. `photo=mapillary-fztgSDtLpa08ohPZFZjeRQ`
+             var photoIds = hash.photo.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+             var photoId = photoIds.length && photoIds[0].trim();
+             var results = /(.*)\/(.*)/g.exec(photoId);
 
-         features.enableAll = function () {
-           var didEnable = false;
+             if (results && results.length >= 3) {
+               var serviceId = results[1];
+               var photoKey = results[2];
+               var service = services[serviceId];
 
-           for (var k in _rules) {
-             if (!_rules[k].enabled) {
-               didEnable = true;
+               if (service && service.ensureViewerLoaded) {
+                 // if we're showing a photo then make sure its layer is enabled too
+                 var layer = _layerIDs.indexOf(serviceId) !== -1 && context.layers().layer(serviceId);
+                 if (layer && !layer.enabled()) layer.enabled(true);
+                 var baselineTime = Date.now();
+                 service.on('loadedImages.rendererPhotos', function () {
+                   // don't open the viewer if too much time has elapsed
+                   if (Date.now() - baselineTime > 45000) {
+                     service.on('loadedImages.rendererPhotos', null);
+                     return;
+                   }
 
-               _rules[k].enable();
+                   if (!service.cachedImage(photoKey)) return;
+                   service.on('loadedImages.rendererPhotos', null);
+                   service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+                     service.selectImage(context, photoKey).showViewer(context);
+                   });
+                 });
+               }
              }
            }
 
-           if (didEnable) update();
+           context.layers().on('change.rendererPhotos', updateStorage);
          };
 
-         features.disable = function (k) {
-           if (_rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled) {
-             _rules[k].disable();
+         return utilRebind(photos, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-             update();
+       function uiAccount(context) {
+         var osm = context.connection();
+
+         function update(selection) {
+           if (!osm) return;
+
+           if (!osm.authenticated()) {
+             selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink').classed('hide', true);
+             return;
            }
-         };
 
-         features.disableAll = function () {
-           var didDisable = false;
+           osm.userDetails(function (err, details) {
+             var userLink = selection.select('.userLink'),
+                 logoutLink = selection.select('.logoutLink');
+             userLink.html('');
+             logoutLink.html('');
+             if (err || !details) return;
+             selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink').classed('hide', false); // Link
 
-           for (var k in _rules) {
-             if (_rules[k].enabled) {
-               didDisable = true;
+             var userLinkA = userLink.append('a').attr('href', osm.userURL(details.display_name)).attr('target', '_blank'); // Add thumbnail or dont
 
-               _rules[k].disable();
-             }
-           }
+             if (details.image_url) {
+               userLinkA.append('img').attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon').attr('src', details.image_url);
+             } else {
+               userLinkA.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'pre-text light'));
+             } // Add user name
 
-           if (didDisable) update();
-         };
 
-         features.toggle = function (k) {
-           if (_rules[k]) {
-             (function (f) {
-               return f.enabled ? f.disable() : f.enable();
-             })(_rules[k]);
+             userLinkA.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(details.display_name);
+             logoutLink.append('a').attr('class', 'logout').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('logout')).on('click.logout', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               osm.logout();
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
-             update();
-           }
-         };
+         return function (selection) {
+           selection.append('li').attr('class', 'userLink').classed('hide', true);
+           selection.append('li').attr('class', 'logoutLink').classed('hide', true);
 
-         features.resetStats = function () {
-           for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
-             _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.on('change.account', function () {
+               update(selection);
+             });
+             update(selection);
            }
-
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
          };
+       }
 
-         features.gatherStats = function (d, resolver, dimensions) {
-           var needsRedraw = false;
-           var types = utilArrayGroupBy(d, 'type');
-           var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
-           var currHidden, geometry, matches, i, j;
+       function uiAttribution(context) {
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-           for (i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
-             _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
-           } // adjust the threshold for point/building culling based on viewport size..
-           // a _cullFactor of 1 corresponds to a 1000x1000px viewport..
+         function render(selection, data, klass) {
+           var div = selection.selectAll(".".concat(klass)).data([0]);
+           div = div.enter().append('div').attr('class', klass).merge(div);
+           var attributions = div.selectAll('.attribution').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           });
+           attributions.exit().remove();
+           attributions = attributions.enter().append('span').attr('class', 'attribution').each(function (d, i, nodes) {
+             var attribution = select(nodes[i]);
 
+             if (d.terms_html) {
+               attribution.html(d.terms_html);
+               return;
+             }
 
-           _cullFactor = dimensions[0] * dimensions[1] / 1000000;
+             if (d.terms_url) {
+               attribution = attribution.append('a').attr('href', d.terms_url).attr('target', '_blank');
+             }
 
-           for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-             geometry = entities[i].geometry(resolver);
-             matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entities[i], resolver, geometry));
+             var sourceID = d.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
+             var terms_text = _t("imagery.".concat(sourceID, ".attribution.text"), {
+               "default": d.terms_text || d.id || d.name()
+             });
 
-             for (j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
-               _rules[matches[j]].count++;
+             if (d.icon && !d.overlay) {
+               attribution.append('img').attr('class', 'source-image').attr('src', d.icon);
              }
-           }
-
-           currHidden = features.hidden();
 
-           if (currHidden !== _hidden) {
-             _hidden = currHidden;
-             needsRedraw = true;
-             dispatch$1.call('change');
-           }
+             attribution.append('span').attr('class', 'attribution-text').html(terms_text);
+           }).merge(attributions);
+           var copyright = attributions.selectAll('.copyright-notice').data(function (d) {
+             var notice = d.copyrightNotices(context.map().zoom(), context.map().extent());
+             return notice ? [notice] : [];
+           });
+           copyright.exit().remove();
+           copyright = copyright.enter().append('span').attr('class', 'copyright-notice').merge(copyright);
+           copyright.html(String);
+         }
 
-           return needsRedraw;
-         };
+         function update() {
+           var baselayer = context.background().baseLayerSource();
 
-         features.stats = function () {
-           for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
-             _stats[_keys[i]] = _rules[_keys[i]].count;
-           }
+           _selection.call(render, baselayer ? [baselayer] : [], 'base-layer-attribution');
 
-           return _stats;
-         };
+           var z = context.map().zoom();
+           var overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources() || [];
 
-         features.clear = function (d) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
-             features.clearEntity(d[i]);
-           }
-         };
+           _selection.call(render, overlays.filter(function (s) {
+             return s.validZoom(z);
+           }), 'overlay-layer-attribution');
+         }
 
-         features.clearEntity = function (entity) {
-           delete _cache[osmEntity.key(entity)];
+         return function (selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           context.background().on('change.attribution', update);
+           context.map().on('move.attribution', throttle(update, 400, {
+             leading: false
+           }));
+           update();
          };
+       }
 
-         features.reset = function () {
-           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
-             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
+       function uiContributors(context) {
+         var osm = context.connection(),
+             debouncedUpdate = debounce(function () {
+           update();
+         }, 1000),
+             limit = 4,
+             hidden = false,
+             wrap = select(null);
 
-             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+         function update() {
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var users = {},
+               entities = context.history().intersects(context.map().extent());
+           entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+             if (entity && entity.user) users[entity.user] = true;
            });
-           _cache = {};
-         }; // only certain relations are worth checking
+           var u = Object.keys(users),
+               subset = u.slice(0, u.length > limit ? limit - 1 : limit);
+           wrap.html('').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-nearby', 'pre-text light'));
+           var userList = select(document.createElement('span'));
+           userList.selectAll().data(subset).enter().append('a').attr('class', 'user-link').attr('href', function (d) {
+             return osm.userURL(d);
+           }).attr('target', '_blank').html(String);
 
+           if (u.length > limit) {
+             var count = select(document.createElement('span'));
+             var othersNum = u.length - limit + 1;
+             count.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function () {
+               return osm.changesetsURL(context.map().center(), context.map().zoom());
+             }).html(othersNum);
+             wrap.append('span').html(_t.html('contributors.truncated_list', {
+               n: othersNum,
+               users: userList.html(),
+               count: count.html()
+             }));
+           } else {
+             wrap.append('span').html(_t.html('contributors.list', {
+               users: userList.html()
+             }));
+           }
 
-         function relationShouldBeChecked(relation) {
-           // multipolygon features have `area` geometry and aren't checked here
-           return relation.tags.type === 'boundary';
+           if (!u.length) {
+             hidden = true;
+             wrap.transition().style('opacity', 0);
+           } else if (hidden) {
+             wrap.transition().style('opacity', 1);
+           }
          }
 
-         features.getMatches = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
-           if (geometry === 'vertex' || geometry === 'relation' && !relationShouldBeChecked(entity)) return {};
-           var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
+         return function (selection) {
+           if (!osm) return;
+           wrap = selection;
+           update();
+           osm.on('loaded.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
+           context.map().on('move.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
+         };
+       }
 
-           if (!_cache[ent]) {
-             _cache[ent] = {};
-           }
+       var _popoverID = 0;
+       function uiPopover(klass) {
+         var _id = _popoverID++;
 
-           if (!_cache[ent].matches) {
-             var matches = {};
-             var hasMatch = false;
+         var _anchorSelection = select(null);
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
-               if (_keys[i] === 'others') {
-                 if (hasMatch) continue; // If an entity...
-                 //   1. is a way that hasn't matched other 'interesting' feature rules,
+         var popover = function popover(selection) {
+           _anchorSelection = selection;
+           selection.each(setup);
+         };
 
-                 if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                   var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry); //   2a. belongs only to a single multipolygon relation
+         var _animation = utilFunctor(false);
 
-                   if (parents.length === 1 && parents[0].isMultipolygon() || // 2b. or belongs only to boundary relations
-                   parents.length > 0 && parents.every(function (parent) {
-                     return parent.tags.type === 'boundary';
-                   })) {
-                     // ...then match whatever feature rules the parent relation has matched.
-                     // see #2548, #2887
-                     //
-                     // IMPORTANT:
-                     // For this to work, getMatches must be called on relations before ways.
-                     //
-                     var pkey = osmEntity.key(parents[0]);
+         var _placement = utilFunctor('top'); // top, bottom, left, right
 
-                     if (_cache[pkey] && _cache[pkey].matches) {
-                       matches = Object.assign({}, _cache[pkey].matches); // shallow copy
 
-                       continue;
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
+         var _alignment = utilFunctor('center'); // leading, center, trailing
 
-               if (_rules[_keys[i]].filter(entity.tags, geometry)) {
-                 matches[_keys[i]] = hasMatch = true;
-               }
-             }
 
-             _cache[ent].matches = matches;
-           }
+         var _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(select(null));
 
-           return _cache[ent].matches;
-         };
+         var _content;
 
-         features.getParents = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
-           if (geometry === 'point') return [];
-           var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
+         var _displayType = utilFunctor('');
 
-           if (!_cache[ent]) {
-             _cache[ent] = {};
-           }
+         var _hasArrow = utilFunctor(true); // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-           if (!_cache[ent].parents) {
-             var parents = [];
 
-             if (geometry === 'vertex') {
-               parents = resolver.parentWays(entity);
-             } else {
-               // 'line', 'area', 'relation'
-               parents = resolver.parentRelations(entity);
-             }
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-             _cache[ent].parents = parents;
+         popover.displayType = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _displayType = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _displayType;
            }
-
-           return _cache[ent].parents;
          };
 
-         features.isHiddenPreset = function (preset, geometry) {
-           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
-           if (!preset.tags) return false;
-           var test = preset.setTags({}, geometry);
-
-           for (var key in _rules) {
-             if (_rules[key].filter(test, geometry)) {
-               if (_hidden.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
-                 return key;
-               }
-
-               return false;
-             }
+         popover.hasArrow = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _hasArrow = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _hasArrow;
            }
-
-           return false;
          };
 
-         features.isHiddenFeature = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
-           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
-           if (!entity.version) return false;
-           if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) return false;
-           var matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entity, resolver, geometry));
-           return matches.length && matches.every(function (k) {
-             return features.hidden(k);
-           });
+         popover.placement = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _placement = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _placement;
+           }
          };
 
-         features.isHiddenChild = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
-           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
-           if (!entity.version || geometry === 'point') return false;
-           if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) return false;
-           var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry);
-           if (!parents.length) return false;
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-             if (!features.isHidden(parents[i], resolver, parents[i].geometry(resolver))) {
-               return false;
-             }
+         popover.alignment = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _alignment = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _alignment;
            }
-
-           return true;
          };
 
-         features.hasHiddenConnections = function (entity, resolver) {
-           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
-           var childNodes, connections;
-
-           if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
-             childNodes = [resolver.entity(entity.edge[0]), resolver.entity(entity.edge[1])];
-             connections = [];
+         popover.scrollContainer = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
            } else {
-             childNodes = entity.nodes ? resolver.childNodes(entity) : [];
-             connections = features.getParents(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver));
-           } // gather ways connected to child nodes..
-
-
-           connections = childNodes.reduce(function (result, e) {
-             return resolver.isShared(e) ? utilArrayUnion(result, resolver.parentWays(e)) : result;
-           }, connections);
-           return connections.some(function (e) {
-             return features.isHidden(e, resolver, e.geometry(resolver));
-           });
+             return _scrollContainer;
+           }
          };
 
-         features.isHidden = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
-           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
-           if (!entity.version) return false;
-           var fn = geometry === 'vertex' ? features.isHiddenChild : features.isHiddenFeature;
-           return fn(entity, resolver, geometry);
+         popover.content = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _content = val;
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _content;
+           }
          };
 
-         features.filter = function (d, resolver) {
-           if (!_hidden.length) return d;
-           var result = [];
+         popover.isShown = function () {
+           var popoverSelection = _anchorSelection.select('.popover-' + _id);
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
-             var entity = d[i];
+           return !popoverSelection.empty() && popoverSelection.classed('in');
+         };
 
-             if (!features.isHidden(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver))) {
-               result.push(entity);
-             }
-           }
+         popover.show = function () {
+           _anchorSelection.each(show);
+         };
 
-           return result;
+         popover.updateContent = function () {
+           _anchorSelection.each(updateContent);
          };
 
-         features.forceVisible = function (entityIDs) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return Object.keys(_forceVisible);
-           _forceVisible = {};
+         popover.hide = function () {
+           _anchorSelection.each(hide);
+         };
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < entityIDs.length; i++) {
-             _forceVisible[entityIDs[i]] = true;
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityIDs[i]);
+         popover.toggle = function () {
+           _anchorSelection.each(toggle);
+         };
 
-             if (entity && entity.type === 'relation') {
-               // also show relation members (one level deep)
-               for (var j in entity.members) {
-                 _forceVisible[entity.members[j].id] = true;
-               }
-             }
-           }
+         popover.destroy = function (selection, selector) {
+           // by default, just destroy the current popover
+           selector = selector || '.popover-' + _id;
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', null).on('click.popover', null).attr('title', function () {
+             return this.getAttribute('data-original-title') || this.getAttribute('title');
+           }).attr('data-original-title', null).selectAll(selector).remove();
+         };
 
-           return features;
+         popover.destroyAny = function (selection) {
+           selection.call(popover.destroy, '.popover');
          };
 
-         features.init = function () {
-           var storage = corePreferences('disabled-features');
+         function setup() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
 
-           if (storage) {
-             var storageDisabled = storage.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
-             storageDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
-           }
+           var animate = _animation.apply(this, arguments);
 
-           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+           var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id).data([0]);
+           var enter = popoverSelection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'popover popover-' + _id + ' ' + (klass ? klass : '')).classed('arrowed', _hasArrow.apply(this, arguments));
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-arrow');
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-inner');
+           popoverSelection = enter.merge(popoverSelection);
 
-           if (hash.disable_features) {
-             var hashDisabled = hash.disable_features.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
-             hashDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
+           if (animate) {
+             popoverSelection.classed('fade', true);
            }
-         }; // warm up the feature matching cache upon merging fetched data
-
 
-         context.history().on('merge.features', function (newEntities) {
-           if (!newEntities) return;
-           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-             var graph = context.graph();
-             var types = utilArrayGroupBy(newEntities, 'type'); // ensure that getMatches is called on relations before ways
+           var display = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);
 
-             var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
+           if (display === 'hover') {
+             var _lastNonMouseEnterTime;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-               var geometry = entities[i].geometry(graph);
-               features.getMatches(entities[i], graph, geometry);
-             }
-           });
+             anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', function (d3_event) {
+               if (d3_event.pointerType) {
+                 if (d3_event.pointerType !== 'mouse') {
+                   _lastNonMouseEnterTime = d3_event.timeStamp; // only allow hover behavior for mouse input
 
-           _deferred.add(handle);
-         });
-         return features;
-       }
+                   return;
+                 } else if (_lastNonMouseEnterTime && d3_event.timeStamp - _lastNonMouseEnterTime < 1500) {
+                   // HACK: iOS 13.4 sends an erroneous `mouse` type pointerenter
+                   // event for non-mouse interactions right after sending
+                   // the correct type pointerenter event. Workaround by discarding
+                   // any mouse event that occurs immediately after a non-mouse event.
+                   return;
+                 }
+               } // don't show if buttons are pressed, e.g. during click and drag of map
 
-       //
-       // - the activeID - nope
-       // - 1 away (adjacent) to the activeID - yes (vertices will be merged)
-       // - 2 away from the activeID - nope (would create a self intersecting segment)
-       // - all others on a linear way - yes
-       // - all others on a closed way - nope (would create a self intersecting polygon)
-       //
-       // returns
-       // 0 = active vertex - no touch/connect
-       // 1 = passive vertex - yes touch/connect
-       // 2 = adjacent vertex - yes but pay attention segmenting a line here
-       //
 
-       function svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID) {
-         if (!activeID) return 1;
-         if (activeID === node.id) return 0;
-         var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
-         var i, j, nodes, isClosed, ix1, ix2, ix3, ix4, max;
+               if (d3_event.buttons !== 0) return;
+               show.apply(this, arguments);
+             }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', function () {
+               hide.apply(this, arguments);
+             }) // show on focus too for better keyboard navigation support
+             .on('focus.popover', function () {
+               show.apply(this, arguments);
+             }).on('blur.popover', function () {
+               hide.apply(this, arguments);
+             });
+           } else if (display === 'clickFocus') {
+             anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }).on('click.popover', toggle);
+             popoverSelection // This attribute lets the popover take focus
+             .attr('tabindex', 0).on('blur.popover', function () {
+               anchor.each(function () {
+                 hide.apply(this, arguments);
+               });
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-         for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-           nodes = parents[i].nodes;
-           isClosed = parents[i].isClosed();
+         function show() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
+           var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
 
-           for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {
-             // find this vertex, look nearby
-             if (nodes[j] === node.id) {
-               ix1 = j - 2;
-               ix2 = j - 1;
-               ix3 = j + 1;
-               ix4 = j + 2;
+           if (popoverSelection.empty()) {
+             // popover was removed somehow, put it back
+             anchor.call(popover.destroy);
+             anchor.each(setup);
+             popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
+           }
 
-               if (isClosed) {
-                 // wraparound if needed
-                 max = nodes.length - 1;
-                 if (ix1 < 0) ix1 = max + ix1;
-                 if (ix2 < 0) ix2 = max + ix2;
-                 if (ix3 > max) ix3 = ix3 - max;
-                 if (ix4 > max) ix4 = ix4 - max;
-               }
+           popoverSelection.classed('in', true);
 
-               if (nodes[ix1] === activeID) return 0; // no - prevent self intersect
-               else if (nodes[ix2] === activeID) return 2; // ok - adjacent
-                 else if (nodes[ix3] === activeID) return 2; // ok - adjacent
-                   else if (nodes[ix4] === activeID) return 0; // no - prevent self intersect
-                     else if (isClosed && nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1) return 0; // no - prevent self intersect
-             }
+           var displayType = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);
+
+           if (displayType === 'clickFocus') {
+             anchor.classed('active', true);
+             popoverSelection.node().focus();
            }
+
+           anchor.each(updateContent);
          }
 
-         return 1; // ok
-       }
-       function svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, dt, shouldReverse, bothDirections) {
-         return function (entity) {
-           var i = 0;
-           var offset = dt;
-           var segments = [];
-           var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(projection.clipExtent()).stream;
-           var coordinates = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function (n) {
-             return n.loc;
-           });
-           var a, b;
+         function updateContent() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
 
-           if (shouldReverse(entity)) {
-             coordinates.reverse();
+           if (_content) {
+             anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-inner').call(_content.apply(this, arguments));
            }
 
-           d3_geoStream({
-             type: 'LineString',
-             coordinates: coordinates
-           }, projection.stream(clip({
-             lineStart: function lineStart() {},
-             lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
-               a = null;
-             },
-             point: function point(x, y) {
-               b = [x, y];
+           updatePosition.apply(this, arguments); // hack: update multiple times to fix instances where the absolute offset is
+           // set before the dynamic popover size is calculated by the browser
 
-               if (a) {
-                 var span = geoVecLength(a, b) - offset;
+           updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
+           updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
+         }
 
-                 if (span >= 0) {
-                   var heading = geoVecAngle(a, b);
-                   var dx = dt * Math.cos(heading);
-                   var dy = dt * Math.sin(heading);
-                   var p = [a[0] + offset * Math.cos(heading), a[1] + offset * Math.sin(heading)]; // gather coordinates
+         function updatePosition() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
+           var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
 
-                   var coord = [a, p];
+           var scrollContainer = _scrollContainer && _scrollContainer.apply(this, arguments);
 
-                   for (span -= dt; span >= 0; span -= dt) {
-                     p = geoVecAdd(p, [dx, dy]);
-                     coord.push(p);
-                   }
+           var scrollNode = scrollContainer && !scrollContainer.empty() && scrollContainer.node();
+           var scrollLeft = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollLeft : 0;
+           var scrollTop = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollTop : 0;
 
-                   coord.push(b); // generate svg paths
+           var placement = _placement.apply(this, arguments);
 
-                   var segment = '';
-                   var j;
+           popoverSelection.classed('left', false).classed('right', false).classed('top', false).classed('bottom', false).classed(placement, true);
 
-                   for (j = 0; j < coord.length; j++) {
-                     segment += (j === 0 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
-                   }
+           var alignment = _alignment.apply(this, arguments);
 
-                   segments.push({
-                     id: entity.id,
-                     index: i++,
-                     d: segment
-                   });
+           var alignFactor = 0.5;
 
-                   if (bothDirections(entity)) {
-                     segment = '';
+           if (alignment === 'leading') {
+             alignFactor = 0;
+           } else if (alignment === 'trailing') {
+             alignFactor = 1;
+           }
 
-                     for (j = coord.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
-                       segment += (j === coord.length - 1 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
-                     }
+           var anchorFrame = getFrame(anchor.node());
+           var popoverFrame = getFrame(popoverSelection.node());
+           var position;
 
-                     segments.push({
-                       id: entity.id,
-                       index: i++,
-                       d: segment
-                     });
-                   }
-                 }
+           switch (placement) {
+             case 'top':
+               position = {
+                 x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
+                 y: anchorFrame.y - popoverFrame.h
+               };
+               break;
 
-                 offset = -span;
+             case 'bottom':
+               position = {
+                 x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
+                 y: anchorFrame.y + anchorFrame.h
+               };
+               break;
+
+             case 'left':
+               position = {
+                 x: anchorFrame.x - popoverFrame.w,
+                 y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
+               };
+               break;
+
+             case 'right':
+               position = {
+                 x: anchorFrame.x + anchorFrame.w,
+                 y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
+               };
+               break;
+           }
+
+           if (position) {
+             if (scrollNode && (placement === 'top' || placement === 'bottom')) {
+               var initialPosX = position.x;
+
+               if (position.x + popoverFrame.w > scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10) {
+                 position.x = scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10 - popoverFrame.w;
+               } else if (position.x < 10) {
+                 position.x = 10;
                }
 
-               a = b;
+               var arrow = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-arrow'); // keep the arrow centered on the button, or as close as possible
+
+               var arrowPosX = Math.min(Math.max(popoverFrame.w / 2 - (position.x - initialPosX), 10), popoverFrame.w - 10);
+               arrow.style('left', ~~arrowPosX + 'px');
              }
-           })));
-           return segments;
-         };
-       }
-       function svgPath(projection, graph, isArea) {
-         // Explanation of magic numbers:
-         // "padding" here allows space for strokes to extend beyond the viewport,
-         // so that the stroke isn't drawn along the edge of the viewport when
-         // the shape is clipped.
-         //
-         // When drawing lines, pad viewport by 5px.
-         // When drawing areas, pad viewport by 65px in each direction to allow
-         // for 60px area fill stroke (see ".fill-partial path.fill" css rule)
-         var cache = {};
-         var padding = isArea ? 65 : 5;
-         var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-         var paddedExtent = [[viewport[0][0] - padding, viewport[0][1] - padding], [viewport[1][0] + padding, viewport[1][1] + padding]];
-         var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(paddedExtent).stream;
-         var project = projection.stream;
-         var path = d3_geoPath().projection({
-           stream: function stream(output) {
-             return project(clip(output));
-           }
-         });
 
-         var svgpath = function svgpath(entity) {
-           if (entity.id in cache) {
-             return cache[entity.id];
+             popoverSelection.style('left', ~~position.x + 'px').style('top', ~~position.y + 'px');
            } else {
-             return cache[entity.id] = path(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
+             popoverSelection.style('left', null).style('top', null);
            }
-         };
 
-         svgpath.geojson = function (d) {
-           if (d.__featurehash__ !== undefined) {
-             if (d.__featurehash__ in cache) {
-               return cache[d.__featurehash__];
+           function getFrame(node) {
+             var positionStyle = select(node).style('position');
+
+             if (positionStyle === 'absolute' || positionStyle === 'static') {
+               return {
+                 x: node.offsetLeft - scrollLeft,
+                 y: node.offsetTop - scrollTop,
+                 w: node.offsetWidth,
+                 h: node.offsetHeight
+               };
              } else {
-               return cache[d.__featurehash__] = path(d);
+               return {
+                 x: 0,
+                 y: 0,
+                 w: node.offsetWidth,
+                 h: node.offsetHeight
+               };
              }
+           }
+         }
+
+         function hide() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
+
+           if (_displayType.apply(this, arguments) === 'clickFocus') {
+             anchor.classed('active', false);
+           }
+
+           anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id).classed('in', false);
+         }
+
+         function toggle() {
+           if (select(this).select('.popover-' + _id).classed('in')) {
+             hide.apply(this, arguments);
            } else {
-             return path(d);
+             show.apply(this, arguments);
            }
-         };
+         }
 
-         return svgpath;
+         return popover;
        }
-       function svgPointTransform(projection) {
-         var svgpoint = function svgpoint(entity) {
-           // http://jsperf.com/short-array-join
-           var pt = projection(entity.loc);
-           return 'translate(' + pt[0] + ',' + pt[1] + ')';
-         };
 
-         svgpoint.geojson = function (d) {
-           return svgpoint(d.properties.entity);
-         };
+       function uiTooltip(klass) {
+         var tooltip = uiPopover((klass || '') + ' tooltip').displayType('hover');
 
-         return svgpoint;
-       }
-       function svgRelationMemberTags(graph) {
-         return function (entity) {
-           var tags = entity.tags;
-           var shouldCopyMultipolygonTags = !entity.hasInterestingTags();
-           graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (relation) {
-             var type = relation.tags.type;
+         var _title = function _title() {
+           var title = this.getAttribute('data-original-title');
 
-             if (type === 'multipolygon' && shouldCopyMultipolygonTags || type === 'boundary') {
-               tags = Object.assign({}, relation.tags, tags);
-             }
-           });
-           return tags;
+           if (title) {
+             return title;
+           } else {
+             title = this.getAttribute('title');
+             this.removeAttribute('title');
+             this.setAttribute('data-original-title', title);
+           }
+
+           return title;
          };
-       }
-       function svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID) {
-         // When there is no activeID, we can memoize this expensive computation
-         if (activeID === undefined) {
-           return graph["transient"](way, 'waySegments', getWaySegments);
-         } else {
-           return getWaySegments();
-         }
 
-         function getWaySegments() {
-           var isActiveWay = way.nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1;
-           var features = {
-             passive: [],
-             active: []
-           };
-           var start = {};
-           var end = {};
-           var node, type;
+         var _heading = utilFunctor(null);
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
-             node = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);
-             type = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
-             end = {
-               node: node,
-               type: type
-             };
+         var _keys = utilFunctor(null);
 
-             if (start.type !== undefined) {
-               if (start.node.id === activeID || end.node.id === activeID) ; else if (isActiveWay && (start.type === 2 || end.type === 2)) {
-                 // one adjacent vertex
-                 pushActive(start, end, i);
-               } else if (start.type === 0 && end.type === 0) {
-                 // both active vertices
-                 pushActive(start, end, i);
-               } else {
-                 pushPassive(start, end, i);
-               }
-             }
+         tooltip.title = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _title;
+           _title = utilFunctor(val);
+           return tooltip;
+         };
 
-             start = end;
-           }
+         tooltip.heading = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _heading;
+           _heading = utilFunctor(val);
+           return tooltip;
+         };
 
-           return features;
+         tooltip.keys = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _keys;
+           _keys = utilFunctor(val);
+           return tooltip;
+         };
 
-           function pushActive(start, end, index) {
-             features.active.push({
-               type: 'Feature',
-               id: way.id + '-' + index + '-nope',
-               properties: {
-                 nope: true,
-                 target: true,
-                 entity: way,
-                 nodes: [start.node, end.node],
-                 index: index
-               },
-               geometry: {
-                 type: 'LineString',
-                 coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
-               }
-             });
-           }
+         tooltip.content(function () {
+           var heading = _heading.apply(this, arguments);
 
-           function pushPassive(start, end, index) {
-             features.passive.push({
-               type: 'Feature',
-               id: way.id + '-' + index,
-               properties: {
-                 target: true,
-                 entity: way,
-                 nodes: [start.node, end.node],
-                 index: index
-               },
-               geometry: {
-                 type: 'LineString',
-                 coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
-               }
+           var text = _title.apply(this, arguments);
+
+           var keys = _keys.apply(this, arguments);
+
+           return function (selection) {
+             var headingSelect = selection.selectAll('.tooltip-heading').data(heading ? [heading] : []);
+             headingSelect.exit().remove();
+             headingSelect.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tooltip-heading').merge(headingSelect).html(heading);
+             var textSelect = selection.selectAll('.tooltip-text').data(text ? [text] : []);
+             textSelect.exit().remove();
+             textSelect.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tooltip-text').merge(textSelect).html(text);
+             var keyhintWrap = selection.selectAll('.keyhint-wrap').data(keys && keys.length ? [0] : []);
+             keyhintWrap.exit().remove();
+             var keyhintWrapEnter = keyhintWrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'keyhint-wrap');
+             keyhintWrapEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('tooltip_keyhint'));
+             keyhintWrap = keyhintWrapEnter.merge(keyhintWrap);
+             keyhintWrap.selectAll('kbd.shortcut').data(keys && keys.length ? keys : []).enter().append('kbd').attr('class', 'shortcut').html(function (d) {
+               return d;
              });
-           }
-         }
+           };
+         });
+         return tooltip;
        }
 
-       function svgTagClasses() {
-         var primaries = ['building', 'highway', 'railway', 'waterway', 'aeroway', 'aerialway', 'piste:type', 'boundary', 'power', 'amenity', 'natural', 'landuse', 'leisure', 'military', 'place', 'man_made', 'route', 'attraction', 'building:part', 'indoor'];
-         var statuses = [// nonexistent, might be built
-         'proposed', 'planned', // under maintentance or between groundbreaking and opening
-         'construction', // existent but not functional
-         'disused', // dilapidated to nonexistent
-         'abandoned', // nonexistent, still may appear in imagery
-         'dismantled', 'razed', 'demolished', 'obliterated', // existent occasionally, e.g. stormwater drainage basin
-         'intermittent'];
-         var secondaries = ['oneway', 'bridge', 'tunnel', 'embankment', 'cutting', 'barrier', 'surface', 'tracktype', 'footway', 'crossing', 'service', 'sport', 'public_transport', 'location', 'parking', 'golf', 'type', 'leisure', 'man_made', 'indoor'];
+       function uiEditMenu(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('toggled');
 
-         var _tags = function _tags(entity) {
-           return entity.tags;
-         };
+         var _menu = select(null);
 
-         var tagClasses = function tagClasses(selection) {
-           selection.each(function tagClassesEach(entity) {
-             var value = this.className;
+         var _operations = []; // the position the menu should be displayed relative to
 
-             if (value.baseVal !== undefined) {
-               value = value.baseVal;
-             }
+         var _anchorLoc = [0, 0];
+         var _anchorLocLonLat = [0, 0]; // a string indicating how the menu was opened
 
-             var t = _tags(entity);
+         var _triggerType = '';
+         var _vpTopMargin = 85; // viewport top margin
 
-             var computed = tagClasses.getClassesString(t, value);
+         var _vpBottomMargin = 45; // viewport bottom margin
 
-             if (computed !== value) {
-               select(this).attr('class', computed);
-             }
-           });
-         };
+         var _vpSideMargin = 35; // viewport side margin
 
-         tagClasses.getClassesString = function (t, value) {
-           var primary, status;
-           var i, j, k, v; // in some situations we want to render perimeter strokes a certain way
+         var _menuTop = false;
 
-           var overrideGeometry;
+         var _menuHeight;
 
-           if (/\bstroke\b/.test(value)) {
-             if (!!t.barrier && t.barrier !== 'no') {
-               overrideGeometry = 'line';
-             }
-           } // preserve base classes (nothing with `tag-`)
+         var _menuWidth; // hardcode these values to make menu positioning easier
 
 
-           var classes = value.trim().split(/\s+/).filter(function (klass) {
-             return klass.length && !/^tag-/.test(klass);
-           }).map(function (klass) {
-             // special overrides for some perimeter strokes
-             return klass === 'line' || klass === 'area' ? overrideGeometry || klass : klass;
-           }); // pick at most one primary classification tag..
+         var _verticalPadding = 4; // see also `.edit-menu .tooltip` CSS; include margin
 
-           for (i = 0; i < primaries.length; i++) {
-             k = primaries[i];
-             v = t[k];
-             if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+         var _tooltipWidth = 210; // offset the menu slightly from the target location
 
-             if (k === 'piste:type') {
-               // avoid a ':' in the class name
-               k = 'piste';
-             } else if (k === 'building:part') {
-               // avoid a ':' in the class name
-               k = 'building_part';
-             }
+         var _menuSideMargin = 10;
+         var _tooltips = [];
 
-             primary = k;
+         var editMenu = function editMenu(selection) {
+           var isTouchMenu = _triggerType.includes('touch') || _triggerType.includes('pen');
 
-             if (statuses.indexOf(v) !== -1) {
-               // e.g. `railway=abandoned`
-               status = v;
-               classes.push('tag-' + k);
-             } else {
-               classes.push('tag-' + k);
-               classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
-             }
+           var ops = _operations.filter(function (op) {
+             return !isTouchMenu || !op.mouseOnly;
+           });
 
-             break;
-           }
+           if (!ops.length) return;
+           _tooltips = []; // Position the menu above the anchor for stylus and finger input
+           // since the mapper's hand likely obscures the screen below the anchor
 
-           if (!primary) {
-             for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
-               for (j = 0; j < primaries.length; j++) {
-                 k = statuses[i] + ':' + primaries[j]; // e.g. `demolished:building=yes`
+           _menuTop = isTouchMenu; // Show labels for touch input since there aren't hover tooltips
 
-                 v = t[k];
-                 if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
-                 status = statuses[i];
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
-           } // add at most one status tag, only if relates to primary tag..
+           var showLabels = isTouchMenu;
+           var buttonHeight = showLabels ? 32 : 34;
+
+           if (showLabels) {
+             // Get a general idea of the width based on the length of the label
+             _menuWidth = 52 + Math.min(120, 6 * Math.max.apply(Math, ops.map(function (op) {
+               return op.title.length;
+             })));
+           } else {
+             _menuWidth = 44;
+           }
 
+           _menuHeight = _verticalPadding * 2 + ops.length * buttonHeight;
+           _menu = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'edit-menu').classed('touch-menu', isTouchMenu).style('padding', _verticalPadding + 'px 0');
 
-           if (!status) {
-             for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
-               k = statuses[i];
-               v = t[k];
-               if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+           var buttons = _menu.selectAll('.edit-menu-item').data(ops); // enter
 
-               if (v === 'yes') {
-                 // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=yes`
-                 status = k;
-               } else if (primary && primary === v) {
-                 // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=railway`
-                 status = k;
-               } else if (!primary && primaries.indexOf(v) !== -1) {
-                 // e.g. `abandoned=railway`
-                 status = k;
-                 primary = v;
-                 classes.push('tag-' + v);
-               } // else ignore e.g.  `highway=path + abandoned=railway`
 
+           var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'edit-menu-item edit-menu-item-' + d.id;
+           }).style('height', buttonHeight + 'px').on('click', click) // don't listen for `mouseup` because we only care about non-mouse pointer types
+           .on('pointerup', pointerup).on('pointerdown mousedown', function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+             // don't let button presses also act as map input - #1869
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           }).on('mouseenter.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (!d.relatedEntityIds || select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.relatedEntityIds(), true, context);
+           }).on('mouseleave.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (!d.relatedEntityIds) return;
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.relatedEntityIds(), false, context);
+           });
+           buttonsEnter.each(function (d) {
+             var tooltip = uiTooltip().heading(d.title).title(d.tooltip()).keys([d.keys[0]]);
+
+             _tooltips.push(tooltip);
 
-               if (status) break;
-             }
-           }
+             select(this).call(tooltip).append('div').attr('class', 'icon-wrap').call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-' + d.id, 'operation'));
+           });
 
-           if (status) {
-             classes.push('tag-status');
-             classes.push('tag-status-' + status);
-           } // add any secondary tags
+           if (showLabels) {
+             buttonsEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(function (d) {
+               return d.title;
+             });
+           } // update
 
 
-           for (i = 0; i < secondaries.length; i++) {
-             k = secondaries[i];
-             v = t[k];
-             if (!v || v === 'no' || k === primary) continue;
-             classes.push('tag-' + k);
-             classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
-           } // For highways, look for surface tagging..
+           buttonsEnter.merge(buttons).classed('disabled', function (d) {
+             return d.disabled();
+           });
+           updatePosition();
+           var initialScale = context.projection.scale();
+           context.map().on('move.edit-menu', function () {
+             if (initialScale !== context.projection.scale()) {
+               editMenu.close();
+             }
+           }).on('drawn.edit-menu', function (info) {
+             if (info.full) updatePosition();
+           });
+           var lastPointerUpType; // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
 
+           function pointerup(d3_event) {
+             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+           }
 
-           if (primary === 'highway' && !osmPathHighwayTagValues[t.highway] || primary === 'aeroway') {
-             var surface = t.highway === 'track' ? 'unpaved' : 'paved';
+           function click(d3_event, operation) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
 
-             for (k in t) {
-               v = t[k];
+             if (operation.relatedEntityIds) {
+               utilHighlightEntities(operation.relatedEntityIds(), false, context);
+             }
 
-               if (k in osmPavedTags) {
-                 surface = osmPavedTags[k][v] ? 'paved' : 'unpaved';
+             if (operation.disabled()) {
+               if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
+                 // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
+                 context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id).iconClass('operation disabled').label(operation.tooltip)();
                }
-
-               if (k in osmSemipavedTags && !!osmSemipavedTags[k][v]) {
-                 surface = 'semipaved';
+             } else {
+               if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
+                 context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id).iconClass('operation').label(operation.annotation() || operation.title)();
                }
-             }
-
-             classes.push('tag-' + surface);
-           } // If this is a wikidata-tagged item, add a class for that..
 
+               operation();
+               editMenu.close();
+             }
 
-           if (t.wikidata || t['brand:wikidata']) {
-             classes.push('tag-wikidata');
+             lastPointerUpType = null;
            }
 
-           return classes.join(' ').trim();
-         };
-
-         tagClasses.tags = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-           _tags = val;
-           return tagClasses;
+           dispatch.call('toggled', this, true);
          };
 
-         return tagClasses;
-       }
+         function updatePosition() {
+           if (!_menu || _menu.empty()) return;
+           var anchorLoc = context.projection(_anchorLocLonLat);
+           var viewport = context.surfaceRect();
 
-       // Patterns only work in Firefox when set directly on element.
-       // (This is not a bug: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=750632)
-       var patterns = {
-         // tag - pattern name
-         // -or-
-         // tag - value - pattern name
-         // -or-
-         // tag - value - rules (optional tag-values, pattern name)
-         // (matches earlier rules first, so fallback should be last entry)
-         amenity: {
-           grave_yard: 'cemetery',
-           fountain: 'water_standing'
-         },
-         landuse: {
-           cemetery: [{
-             religion: 'christian',
-             pattern: 'cemetery_christian'
-           }, {
-             religion: 'buddhist',
-             pattern: 'cemetery_buddhist'
-           }, {
-             religion: 'muslim',
-             pattern: 'cemetery_muslim'
-           }, {
-             religion: 'jewish',
-             pattern: 'cemetery_jewish'
-           }, {
-             pattern: 'cemetery'
-           }],
-           construction: 'construction',
-           farmland: 'farmland',
-           farmyard: 'farmyard',
-           forest: [{
-             leaf_type: 'broadleaved',
-             pattern: 'forest_broadleaved'
-           }, {
-             leaf_type: 'needleleaved',
-             pattern: 'forest_needleleaved'
-           }, {
-             leaf_type: 'leafless',
-             pattern: 'forest_leafless'
-           }, {
-             pattern: 'forest'
-           } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
-           ],
-           grave_yard: 'cemetery',
-           grass: [{
-             golf: 'green',
-             pattern: 'golf_green'
-           }, {
-             pattern: 'grass'
-           }],
-           landfill: 'landfill',
-           meadow: 'meadow',
-           military: 'construction',
-           orchard: 'orchard',
-           quarry: 'quarry',
-           vineyard: 'vineyard'
-         },
-         natural: {
-           beach: 'beach',
-           grassland: 'grass',
-           sand: 'beach',
-           scrub: 'scrub',
-           water: [{
-             water: 'pond',
-             pattern: 'pond'
-           }, {
-             water: 'reservoir',
-             pattern: 'water_standing'
-           }, {
-             pattern: 'waves'
-           }],
-           wetland: [{
-             wetland: 'marsh',
-             pattern: 'wetland_marsh'
-           }, {
-             wetland: 'swamp',
-             pattern: 'wetland_swamp'
-           }, {
-             wetland: 'bog',
-             pattern: 'wetland_bog'
-           }, {
-             wetland: 'reedbed',
-             pattern: 'wetland_reedbed'
-           }, {
-             pattern: 'wetland'
-           }],
-           wood: [{
-             leaf_type: 'broadleaved',
-             pattern: 'forest_broadleaved'
-           }, {
-             leaf_type: 'needleleaved',
-             pattern: 'forest_needleleaved'
-           }, {
-             leaf_type: 'leafless',
-             pattern: 'forest_leafless'
-           }, {
-             pattern: 'forest'
-           } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
-           ]
-         },
-         traffic_calming: {
-           island: [{
-             surface: 'grass',
-             pattern: 'grass'
-           }],
-           chicane: [{
-             surface: 'grass',
-             pattern: 'grass'
-           }],
-           choker: [{
-             surface: 'grass',
-             pattern: 'grass'
-           }]
-         }
-       };
-       function svgTagPattern(tags) {
-         // Skip pattern filling if this is a building (buildings don't get patterns applied)
-         if (tags.building && tags.building !== 'no') {
-           return null;
-         }
+           if (anchorLoc[0] < 0 || anchorLoc[0] > viewport.width || anchorLoc[1] < 0 || anchorLoc[1] > viewport.height) {
+             // close the menu if it's gone offscreen
+             editMenu.close();
+             return;
+           }
 
-         for (var tag in patterns) {
-           var entityValue = tags[tag];
-           if (!entityValue) continue;
+           var menuLeft = displayOnLeft(viewport);
+           var offset = [0, 0];
+           offset[0] = menuLeft ? -1 * (_menuSideMargin + _menuWidth) : _menuSideMargin;
 
-           if (typeof patterns[tag] === 'string') {
-             // extra short syntax (just tag) - pattern name
-             return 'pattern-' + patterns[tag];
+           if (_menuTop) {
+             if (anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight < _vpTopMargin) {
+               // menu is near top viewport edge, shift downward
+               offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] + _vpTopMargin;
+             } else {
+               offset[1] = -_menuHeight;
+             }
            } else {
-             var values = patterns[tag];
-
-             for (var value in values) {
-               if (entityValue !== value) continue;
-               var rules = values[value];
+             if (anchorLoc[1] + _menuHeight > viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin) {
+               // menu is near bottom viewport edge, shift upwards
+               offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight + viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin;
+             } else {
+               offset[1] = 0;
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (typeof rules === 'string') {
-                 // short syntax - pattern name
-                 return 'pattern-' + rules;
-               } // long syntax - rule array
+           var origin = geoVecAdd(anchorLoc, offset);
 
+           _menu.style('left', origin[0] + 'px').style('top', origin[1] + 'px');
 
-               for (var ruleKey in rules) {
-                 var rule = rules[ruleKey];
-                 var pass = true;
+           var tooltipSide = tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft);
 
-                 for (var criterion in rule) {
-                   if (criterion !== 'pattern') {
-                     // reserved for pattern name
-                     // The only rule is a required tag-value pair
-                     var v = tags[criterion];
+           _tooltips.forEach(function (tooltip) {
+             tooltip.placement(tooltipSide);
+           });
 
-                     if (!v || v !== rule[criterion]) {
-                       pass = false;
-                       break;
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
+           function displayOnLeft(viewport) {
+             if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
+               if (anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth > viewport.width - _vpSideMargin) {
+                 // right menu would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
+                 return true;
+               } // prefer right menu
 
-                 if (pass) {
-                   return 'pattern-' + rule.pattern;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         }
 
-         return null;
-       }
+               return false;
+             } else {
+               // rtl
+               if (anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth < _vpSideMargin) {
+                 // left menu would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
+                 return false;
+               } // prefer left menu
 
-       function svgAreas(projection, context) {
-         function getPatternStyle(tags) {
-           var imageID = svgTagPattern(tags);
 
-           if (imageID) {
-             return 'url("#ideditor-' + imageID + '")';
+               return true;
+             }
            }
 
-           return '';
-         }
+           function tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft) {
+             if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
+               if (menuLeft) {
+                 // if there's not room for a right-side menu then there definitely
+                 // isn't room for right-side tooltips
+                 return 'left';
+               }
 
-         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-           var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
-           var activeID = context.activeID();
-           var base = context.history().base(); // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
+               if (anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth + _tooltipWidth > viewport.width - _vpSideMargin) {
+                 // right tooltips would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
+                 return 'left';
+               } // prefer right tooltips
 
-           var data = {
-             targets: [],
-             nopes: []
-           };
-           entities.forEach(function (way) {
-             var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
-             data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
-             data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
-           }); // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
 
-           var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
-           var targets = selection.selectAll('.area.target-allowed').filter(function (d) {
-             return filter(d.properties.entity);
-           }).data(targetData, function key(d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+               return 'right';
+             } else {
+               // rtl
+               if (!menuLeft) {
+                 return 'right';
+               }
 
-           targets.exit().remove();
+               if (anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth - _tooltipWidth < _vpSideMargin) {
+                 // left tooltips would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
+                 return 'right';
+               } // prefer left tooltips
 
-           var segmentWasEdited = function segmentWasEdited(d) {
-             var wayID = d.properties.entity.id; // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
 
-             if (!base.entities[wayID] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
-               return false;
+               return 'left';
              }
+           }
+         }
 
-             return d.properties.nodes.some(function (n) {
-               return !base.entities[n.id] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
-             });
-           }; // enter/update
-
+         editMenu.close = function () {
+           context.map().on('move.edit-menu', null).on('drawn.edit-menu', null);
 
-           targets.enter().append('path').merge(targets).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'way area target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
-           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited); // NOPE
+           _menu.remove();
 
-           var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
-           var nopes = selection.selectAll('.area.target-nope').filter(function (d) {
-             return filter(d.properties.entity);
-           }).data(nopeData, function key(d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+           _tooltips = [];
+           dispatch.call('toggled', this, false);
+         };
 
-           nopes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         editMenu.anchorLoc = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _anchorLoc;
+           _anchorLoc = val;
+           _anchorLocLonLat = context.projection.invert(_anchorLoc);
+           return editMenu;
+         };
 
-           nopes.enter().append('path').merge(nopes).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'way area target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
-           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
-         }
+         editMenu.triggerType = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _triggerType;
+           _triggerType = val;
+           return editMenu;
+         };
 
-         function drawAreas(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-           var path = svgPath(projection, graph, true);
-           var areas = {};
-           var multipolygon;
-           var base = context.history().base();
+         editMenu.operations = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _operations;
+           _operations = val;
+           return editMenu;
+         };
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-             var entity = entities[i];
-             if (entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') continue;
-             multipolygon = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
+         return utilRebind(editMenu, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-             if (multipolygon) {
-               areas[multipolygon.id] = {
-                 entity: multipolygon.mergeTags(entity.tags),
-                 area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
-               };
-             } else if (!areas[entity.id]) {
-               areas[entity.id] = {
-                 entity: entity,
-                 area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
-               };
+       function uiFeatureInfo(context) {
+         function update(selection) {
+           var features = context.features();
+           var stats = features.stats();
+           var count = 0;
+           var hiddenList = features.hidden().map(function (k) {
+             if (stats[k]) {
+               count += stats[k];
+               return _t('inspector.title_count', {
+                 title: _t.html('feature.' + k + '.description'),
+                 count: stats[k]
+               });
              }
-           }
 
-           var fills = Object.values(areas).filter(function hasPath(a) {
-             return path(a.entity);
-           });
-           fills.sort(function areaSort(a, b) {
-             return b.area - a.area;
-           });
-           fills = fills.map(function (a) {
-             return a.entity;
-           });
-           var strokes = fills.filter(function (area) {
-             return area.type === 'way';
-           });
-           var data = {
-             clip: fills,
-             shadow: strokes,
-             stroke: strokes,
-             fill: fills
-           };
-           var clipPaths = context.surface().selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-osm').filter(filter).data(data.clip, osmEntity.key);
-           clipPaths.exit().remove();
-           var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter().append('clipPath').attr('class', 'clipPath-osm').attr('id', function (entity) {
-             return 'ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath';
-           });
-           clipPathsEnter.append('path');
-           clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter).selectAll('path').attr('d', path);
-           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.areas');
-           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.areas'); // Draw areas..
+             return null;
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+           selection.html('');
 
-           var areagroup = drawLayer.selectAll('g.areagroup').data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);
-           areagroup = areagroup.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'areagroup area-' + d;
-           }).merge(areagroup);
-           var paths = areagroup.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(function (layer) {
-             return data[layer];
-           }, osmEntity.key);
-           paths.exit().remove();
-           var fillpaths = selection.selectAll('.area-fill path.area').nodes();
-           var bisect = d3_bisector(function (node) {
-             return -node.__data__.area(graph);
-           }).left;
+           if (hiddenList.length) {
+             var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('top').title(function () {
+               return hiddenList.join('<br/>');
+             });
+             selection.append('a').attr('class', 'chip').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('feature_info.hidden_warning', {
+               count: count
+             })).call(tooltipBehavior).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               tooltipBehavior.hide();
+               d3_event.preventDefault(); // open the Map Data pane
 
-           function sortedByArea(entity) {
-             if (this._parent.__data__ === 'fill') {
-               return fillpaths[bisect(fillpaths, -entity.area(graph))];
-             }
+               context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .map-data-pane'));
+             });
            }
 
-           paths = paths.enter().insert('path', sortedByArea).merge(paths).each(function (entity) {
-             var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
-             this.setAttribute('class', entity.type + ' area ' + layer + ' ' + entity.id);
-
-             if (layer === 'fill') {
-               this.setAttribute('clip-path', 'url(#ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath)');
-               this.style.fill = this.style.stroke = getPatternStyle(entity.tags);
-             }
-           }).classed('added', function (d) {
-             return !base.entities[d.id];
-           }).classed('geometry-edited', function (d) {
-             return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
-           }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
-             return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
-           }).call(svgTagClasses()).attr('d', path); // Draw touch targets..
-
-           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, data.stroke, filter);
+           selection.classed('hide', !hiddenList.length);
          }
 
-         return drawAreas;
+         return function (selection) {
+           update(selection);
+           context.features().on('change.feature_info', function () {
+             update(selection);
+           });
+         };
        }
 
-       //[4]           NameStartChar      ::=          ":" | [A-Z] | "_" | [a-z] | [#xC0-#xD6] | [#xD8-#xF6] | [#xF8-#x2FF] | [#x370-#x37D] | [#x37F-#x1FFF] | [#x200C-#x200D] | [#x2070-#x218F] | [#x2C00-#x2FEF] | [#x3001-#xD7FF] | [#xF900-#xFDCF] | [#xFDF0-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#xEFFFF]
-       //[4a]          NameChar           ::=          NameStartChar | "-" | "." | [0-9] | #xB7 | [#x0300-#x036F] | [#x203F-#x2040]
-       //[5]           Name       ::=          NameStartChar (NameChar)*
-       var nameStartChar = /[A-Z_a-z\xC0-\xD6\xD8-\xF6\u00F8-\u02FF\u0370-\u037D\u037F-\u1FFF\u200C-\u200D\u2070-\u218F\u2C00-\u2FEF\u3001-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFFD]/; //\u10000-\uEFFFF
-
-       var nameChar = new RegExp("[\\-\\.0-9" + nameStartChar.source.slice(1, -1) + "\\u00B7\\u0300-\\u036F\\u203F-\\u2040]");
-       var tagNamePattern = new RegExp('^' + nameStartChar.source + nameChar.source + '*(?:\:' + nameStartChar.source + nameChar.source + '*)?$'); //var tagNamePattern = /^[a-zA-Z_][\w\-\.]*(?:\:[a-zA-Z_][\w\-\.]*)?$/
-       //var handlers = 'resolveEntity,getExternalSubset,characters,endDocument,endElement,endPrefixMapping,ignorableWhitespace,processingInstruction,setDocumentLocator,skippedEntity,startDocument,startElement,startPrefixMapping,notationDecl,unparsedEntityDecl,error,fatalError,warning,attributeDecl,elementDecl,externalEntityDecl,internalEntityDecl,comment,endCDATA,endDTD,endEntity,startCDATA,startDTD,startEntity'.split(',')
-       //S_TAG,        S_ATTR, S_EQ,   S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE
-       //S_ATTR_SPACE, S_ATTR_END,     S_TAG_SPACE, S_TAG_CLOSE
-
-       var S_TAG = 0; //tag name offerring
-
-       var S_ATTR = 1; //attr name offerring 
+       function uiFlash(context) {
+         var _flashTimer;
 
-       var S_ATTR_SPACE = 2; //attr name end and space offer
+         var _duration = 2000;
+         var _iconName = '#iD-icon-no';
+         var _iconClass = 'disabled';
+         var _label = '';
 
-       var S_EQ = 3; //=space?
+         function flash() {
+           if (_flashTimer) {
+             _flashTimer.stop();
+           }
 
-       var S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE = 4; //attr value(no quot value only)
+           context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap').classed('footer-hide', true).classed('footer-show', false);
+           context.container().select('.flash-wrap').classed('footer-hide', false).classed('footer-show', true);
+           var content = context.container().select('.flash-wrap').selectAll('.flash-content').data([0]); // Enter
 
-       var S_ATTR_END = 5; //attr value end and no space(quot end)
+           var contentEnter = content.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'flash-content');
+           var iconEnter = contentEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'flash-icon icon').append('g').attr('transform', 'translate(10,10)');
+           iconEnter.append('circle').attr('r', 9);
+           iconEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-7,-7)').attr('width', '14').attr('height', '14');
+           contentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'flash-text'); // Update
 
-       var S_TAG_SPACE = 6; //(attr value end || tag end ) && (space offer)
+           content = content.merge(contentEnter);
+           content.selectAll('.flash-icon').attr('class', 'icon flash-icon ' + (_iconClass || ''));
+           content.selectAll('.flash-icon use').attr('xlink:href', _iconName);
+           content.selectAll('.flash-text').attr('class', 'flash-text').html(_label);
+           _flashTimer = d3_timeout(function () {
+             _flashTimer = null;
+             context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap').classed('footer-hide', false).classed('footer-show', true);
+             context.container().select('.flash-wrap').classed('footer-hide', true).classed('footer-show', false);
+           }, _duration);
+           return content;
+         }
 
-       var S_TAG_CLOSE = 7; //closed el<el />
+         flash.duration = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _duration;
+           _duration = _;
+           return flash;
+         };
 
-       function XMLReader() {}
+         flash.label = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
+           _label = _;
+           return flash;
+         };
 
-       XMLReader.prototype = {
-         parse: function parse(source, defaultNSMap, entityMap) {
-           var domBuilder = this.domBuilder;
-           domBuilder.startDocument();
+         flash.iconName = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _iconName;
+           _iconName = _;
+           return flash;
+         };
 
-           _copy(defaultNSMap, defaultNSMap = {});
+         flash.iconClass = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _iconClass;
+           _iconClass = _;
+           return flash;
+         };
 
-           _parse(source, defaultNSMap, entityMap, domBuilder, this.errorHandler);
+         return flash;
+       }
 
-           domBuilder.endDocument();
-         }
-       };
+       function uiFullScreen(context) {
+         var element = context.container().node(); // var button = d3_select(null);
 
-       function _parse(source, defaultNSMapCopy, entityMap, domBuilder, errorHandler) {
-         function fixedFromCharCode(code) {
-           // String.prototype.fromCharCode does not supports
-           // > 2 bytes unicode chars directly
-           if (code > 0xffff) {
-             code -= 0x10000;
-             var surrogate1 = 0xd800 + (code >> 10),
-                 surrogate2 = 0xdc00 + (code & 0x3ff);
-             return String.fromCharCode(surrogate1, surrogate2);
-           } else {
-             return String.fromCharCode(code);
+         function getFullScreenFn() {
+           if (element.requestFullscreen) {
+             return element.requestFullscreen;
+           } else if (element.msRequestFullscreen) {
+             return element.msRequestFullscreen;
+           } else if (element.mozRequestFullScreen) {
+             return element.mozRequestFullScreen;
+           } else if (element.webkitRequestFullscreen) {
+             return element.webkitRequestFullscreen;
            }
          }
 
-         function entityReplacer(a) {
-           var k = a.slice(1, -1);
-
-           if (k in entityMap) {
-             return entityMap[k];
-           } else if (k.charAt(0) === '#') {
-             return fixedFromCharCode(parseInt(k.substr(1).replace('x', '0x')));
-           } else {
-             errorHandler.error('entity not found:' + a);
-             return a;
+         function getExitFullScreenFn() {
+           if (document.exitFullscreen) {
+             return document.exitFullscreen;
+           } else if (document.msExitFullscreen) {
+             return document.msExitFullscreen;
+           } else if (document.mozCancelFullScreen) {
+             return document.mozCancelFullScreen;
+           } else if (document.webkitExitFullscreen) {
+             return document.webkitExitFullscreen;
            }
          }
 
-         function appendText(end) {
-           //has some bugs
-           if (end > start) {
-             var xt = source.substring(start, end).replace(/&#?\w+;/g, entityReplacer);
-             locator && position(start);
-             domBuilder.characters(xt, 0, end - start);
-             start = end;
-           }
+         function isFullScreen() {
+           return document.fullscreenElement || document.mozFullScreenElement || document.webkitFullscreenElement || document.msFullscreenElement;
          }
 
-         function position(p, m) {
-           while (p >= lineEnd && (m = linePattern.exec(source))) {
-             lineStart = m.index;
-             lineEnd = lineStart + m[0].length;
-             locator.lineNumber++; //console.log('line++:',locator,startPos,endPos)
-           }
-
-           locator.columnNumber = p - lineStart + 1;
+         function isSupported() {
+           return !!getFullScreenFn();
          }
 
-         var lineStart = 0;
-         var lineEnd = 0;
-         var linePattern = /.*(?:\r\n?|\n)|.*$/g;
-         var locator = domBuilder.locator;
-         var parseStack = [{
-           currentNSMap: defaultNSMapCopy
-         }];
-         var closeMap = {};
-         var start = 0;
-
-         while (true) {
-           try {
-             var tagStart = source.indexOf('<', start);
-
-             if (tagStart < 0) {
-               if (!source.substr(start).match(/^\s*$/)) {
-                 var doc = domBuilder.doc;
-                 var text = doc.createTextNode(source.substr(start));
-                 doc.appendChild(text);
-                 domBuilder.currentElement = text;
-               }
-
-               return;
-             }
-
-             if (tagStart > start) {
-               appendText(tagStart);
-             }
-
-             switch (source.charAt(tagStart + 1)) {
-               case '/':
-                 var end = source.indexOf('>', tagStart + 3);
-                 var tagName = source.substring(tagStart + 2, end);
-                 var config = parseStack.pop();
-
-                 if (end < 0) {
-                   tagName = source.substring(tagStart + 2).replace(/[\s<].*/, ''); //console.error('#@@@@@@'+tagName)
-
-                   errorHandler.error("end tag name: " + tagName + ' is not complete:' + config.tagName);
-                   end = tagStart + 1 + tagName.length;
-                 } else if (tagName.match(/\s</)) {
-                   tagName = tagName.replace(/[\s<].*/, '');
-                   errorHandler.error("end tag name: " + tagName + ' maybe not complete');
-                   end = tagStart + 1 + tagName.length;
-                 } //console.error(parseStack.length,parseStack)
-                 //console.error(config);
-
+         function fullScreen(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-                 var localNSMap = config.localNSMap;
-                 var endMatch = config.tagName == tagName;
-                 var endIgnoreCaseMach = endMatch || config.tagName && config.tagName.toLowerCase() == tagName.toLowerCase();
+           if (!isFullScreen()) {
+             // button.classed('active', true);
+             getFullScreenFn().apply(element);
+           } else {
+             // button.classed('active', false);
+             getExitFullScreenFn().apply(document);
+           }
+         }
 
-                 if (endIgnoreCaseMach) {
-                   domBuilder.endElement(config.uri, config.localName, tagName);
+         return function () {
+           // selection) {
+           if (!isSupported()) return; // button = selection.append('button')
+           //     .attr('title', t('full_screen'))
+           //     .on('click', fullScreen)
+           //     .call(tooltip);
+           // button.append('span')
+           //     .attr('class', 'icon full-screen');
 
-                   if (localNSMap) {
-                     for (var prefix in localNSMap) {
-                       domBuilder.endPrefixMapping(prefix);
-                     }
-                   }
+           var detected = utilDetect();
+           var keys = detected.os === 'mac' ? [uiCmd('⌃⌘F'), 'f11'] : ['f11'];
+           context.keybinding().on(keys, fullScreen);
+         };
+       }
 
-                   if (!endMatch) {
-                     errorHandler.fatalError("end tag name: " + tagName + ' is not match the current start tagName:' + config.tagName);
-                   }
-                 } else {
-                   parseStack.push(config);
-                 }
+       function uiGeolocate(context) {
+         var _geolocationOptions = {
+           // prioritize speed and power usage over precision
+           enableHighAccuracy: false,
+           // don't hang indefinitely getting the location
+           timeout: 6000 // 6sec
 
-                 end++;
-                 break;
-               // end elment
+         };
 
-               case '?':
-                 // <?...?>
-                 locator && position(tagStart);
-                 end = parseInstruction(source, tagStart, domBuilder);
-                 break;
+         var _locating = uiLoading(context).message(_t.html('geolocate.locating')).blocking(true);
 
-               case '!':
-                 // <!doctype,<![CDATA,<!--
-                 locator && position(tagStart);
-                 end = parseDCC(source, tagStart, domBuilder, errorHandler);
-                 break;
+         var _layer = context.layers().layer('geolocate');
 
-               default:
-                 locator && position(tagStart);
-                 var el = new ElementAttributes();
-                 var currentNSMap = parseStack[parseStack.length - 1].currentNSMap; //elStartEnd
+         var _position;
 
-                 var end = parseElementStartPart(source, tagStart, el, currentNSMap, entityReplacer, errorHandler);
-                 var len = el.length;
+         var _extent;
 
-                 if (!el.closed && fixSelfClosed(source, end, el.tagName, closeMap)) {
-                   el.closed = true;
+         var _timeoutID;
 
-                   if (!entityMap.nbsp) {
-                     errorHandler.warning('unclosed xml attribute');
-                   }
-                 }
+         var _button = select(null);
 
-                 if (locator && len) {
-                   var locator2 = copyLocator(locator, {}); //try{//attribute position fixed
+         function click() {
+           if (context.inIntro()) return;
 
-                   for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-                     var a = el[i];
-                     position(a.offset);
-                     a.locator = copyLocator(locator, {});
-                   } //}catch(e){console.error('@@@@@'+e)}
+           if (!_layer.enabled() && !_locating.isShown()) {
+             // This timeout ensures that we still call finish() even if
+             // the user declines to share their location in Firefox
+             _timeoutID = setTimeout(error, 10000
+             /* 10sec */
+             );
+             context.container().call(_locating); // get the latest position even if we already have one
 
+             navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(success, error, _geolocationOptions);
+           } else {
+             _locating.close();
 
-                   domBuilder.locator = locator2;
+             _layer.enabled(null, false);
 
-                   if (appendElement(el, domBuilder, currentNSMap)) {
-                     parseStack.push(el);
-                   }
+             updateButtonState();
+           }
+         }
 
-                   domBuilder.locator = locator;
-                 } else {
-                   if (appendElement(el, domBuilder, currentNSMap)) {
-                     parseStack.push(el);
-                   }
-                 }
+         function zoomTo() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           var map = context.map();
 
-                 if (el.uri === 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' && !el.closed) {
-                   end = parseHtmlSpecialContent(source, end, el.tagName, entityReplacer, domBuilder);
-                 } else {
-                   end++;
-                 }
+           _layer.enabled(_position, true);
 
-             }
-           } catch (e) {
-             errorHandler.error('element parse error: ' + e); //errorHandler.error('element parse error: '+e);
+           updateButtonState();
+           map.centerZoomEase(_extent.center(), Math.min(20, map.extentZoom(_extent)));
+         }
 
-             end = -1; //throw e;
-           }
+         function success(geolocation) {
+           _position = geolocation;
+           var coords = _position.coords;
+           _extent = geoExtent([coords.longitude, coords.latitude]).padByMeters(coords.accuracy);
+           zoomTo();
+           finish();
+         }
 
-           if (end > start) {
-             start = end;
+         function error() {
+           if (_position) {
+             // use the position from a previous call if we have one
+             zoomTo();
            } else {
-             //TODO: 这里有可能sax回退,有位置错误风险
-             appendText(Math.max(tagStart, start) + 1);
+             context.ui().flash.label(_t.html('geolocate.location_unavailable')).iconName('#iD-icon-geolocate')();
            }
-         }
-       }
 
-       function copyLocator(f, t) {
-         t.lineNumber = f.lineNumber;
-         t.columnNumber = f.columnNumber;
-         return t;
-       }
-       /**
-        * @see #appendElement(source,elStartEnd,el,selfClosed,entityReplacer,domBuilder,parseStack);
-        * @return end of the elementStartPart(end of elementEndPart for selfClosed el)
-        */
+           finish();
+         }
 
+         function finish() {
+           _locating.close(); // unblock ui
 
-       function parseElementStartPart(source, start, el, currentNSMap, entityReplacer, errorHandler) {
-         var attrName;
-         var value;
-         var p = ++start;
-         var s = S_TAG; //status
 
-         while (true) {
-           var c = source.charAt(p);
-
-           switch (c) {
-             case '=':
-               if (s === S_ATTR) {
-                 //attrName
-                 attrName = source.slice(start, p);
-                 s = S_EQ;
-               } else if (s === S_ATTR_SPACE) {
-                 s = S_EQ;
-               } else {
-                 //fatalError: equal must after attrName or space after attrName
-                 throw new Error('attribute equal must after attrName');
-               }
+           if (_timeoutID) {
+             clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
+           }
 
-               break;
+           _timeoutID = undefined;
+         }
 
-             case '\'':
-             case '"':
-               if (s === S_EQ || s === S_ATTR //|| s == S_ATTR_SPACE
-               ) {
-                   //equal
-                   if (s === S_ATTR) {
-                     errorHandler.warning('attribute value must after "="');
-                     attrName = source.slice(start, p);
-                   }
+         function updateButtonState() {
+           _button.classed('active', _layer.enabled());
+         }
 
-                   start = p + 1;
-                   p = source.indexOf(c, start);
+         return function (selection) {
+           if (!navigator.geolocation || !navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition) return;
+           _button = selection.append('button').on('click', click).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-geolocate', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(_t.html('geolocate.title')).keys([_t('geolocate.key')]));
+           context.keybinding().on(_t('geolocate.key'), click);
+         };
+       }
 
-                   if (p > 0) {
-                     value = source.slice(start, p).replace(/&#?\w+;/g, entityReplacer);
-                     el.add(attrName, value, start - 1);
-                     s = S_ATTR_END;
-                   } else {
-                     //fatalError: no end quot match
-                     throw new Error('attribute value no end \'' + c + '\' match');
-                   }
-                 } else if (s == S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE) {
-                 value = source.slice(start, p).replace(/&#?\w+;/g, entityReplacer); //console.log(attrName,value,start,p)
+       function uiPanelBackground(context) {
+         var background = context.background();
+         var _currSourceName = null;
+         var _metadata = {};
+         var _metadataKeys = ['zoom', 'vintage', 'source', 'description', 'resolution', 'accuracy'];
 
-                 el.add(attrName, value, start); //console.dir(el)
+         var debouncedRedraw = debounce(redraw, 250);
 
-                 errorHandler.warning('attribute "' + attrName + '" missed start quot(' + c + ')!!');
-                 start = p + 1;
-                 s = S_ATTR_END;
-               } else {
-                 //fatalError: no equal before
-                 throw new Error('attribute value must after "="');
-               }
+         function redraw(selection) {
+           var source = background.baseLayerSource();
+           if (!source) return;
+           var isDG = source.id.match(/^DigitalGlobe/i) !== null;
+           var sourceLabel = source.label();
 
-               break;
+           if (_currSourceName !== sourceLabel) {
+             _currSourceName = sourceLabel;
+             _metadata = {};
+           }
 
-             case '/':
-               switch (s) {
-                 case S_TAG:
-                   el.setTagName(source.slice(start, p));
+           selection.html('');
+           var list = selection.append('ul').attr('class', 'background-info');
+           list.append('li').html(_currSourceName);
 
-                 case S_ATTR_END:
-                 case S_TAG_SPACE:
-                 case S_TAG_CLOSE:
-                   s = S_TAG_CLOSE;
-                   el.closed = true;
+           _metadataKeys.forEach(function (k) {
+             // DigitalGlobe vintage is available in raster layers for now.
+             if (isDG && k === 'vintage') return;
+             list.append('li').attr('class', 'background-info-list-' + k).classed('hide', !_metadata[k]).html(_t.html('info_panels.background.' + k) + ':').append('span').attr('class', 'background-info-span-' + k).html(_metadata[k]);
+           });
 
-                 case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE:
-                 case S_ATTR:
-                 case S_ATTR_SPACE:
-                   break;
-                 //case S_EQ:
+           debouncedGetMetadata(selection);
+           var toggleTiles = context.getDebug('tile') ? 'hide_tiles' : 'show_tiles';
+           selection.append('a').html(_t.html('info_panels.background.' + toggleTiles)).attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'button button-toggle-tiles').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.setDebug('tile', !context.getDebug('tile'));
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
 
-                 default:
-                   throw new Error("attribute invalid close char('/')");
-               }
+           if (isDG) {
+             var key = source.id + '-vintage';
+             var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
+             var showsVintage = context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage);
+             var toggleVintage = showsVintage ? 'hide_vintage' : 'show_vintage';
+             selection.append('a').html(_t.html('info_panels.background.' + toggleVintage)).attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'button button-toggle-vintage').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
+               selection.call(redraw);
+             });
+           } // disable if necessary
 
-               break;
 
-             case '':
-               //end document
-               //throw new Error('unexpected end of input')
-               errorHandler.error('unexpected end of input');
+           ['DigitalGlobe-Premium', 'DigitalGlobe-Standard'].forEach(function (layerId) {
+             if (source.id !== layerId) {
+               var key = layerId + '-vintage';
+               var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
 
-               if (s == S_TAG) {
-                 el.setTagName(source.slice(start, p));
+               if (context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage)) {
+                 context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
                }
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               return p;
-
-             case '>':
-               switch (s) {
-                 case S_TAG:
-                   el.setTagName(source.slice(start, p));
-
-                 case S_ATTR_END:
-                 case S_TAG_SPACE:
-                 case S_TAG_CLOSE:
-                   break;
-                 //normal
-
-                 case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE: //Compatible state
-
-                 case S_ATTR:
-                   value = source.slice(start, p);
-
-                   if (value.slice(-1) === '/') {
-                     el.closed = true;
-                     value = value.slice(0, -1);
-                   }
-
-                 case S_ATTR_SPACE:
-                   if (s === S_ATTR_SPACE) {
-                     value = attrName;
-                   }
-
-                   if (s == S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE) {
-                     errorHandler.warning('attribute "' + value + '" missed quot(")!!');
-                     el.add(attrName, value.replace(/&#?\w+;/g, entityReplacer), start);
-                   } else {
-                     if (currentNSMap[''] !== 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' || !value.match(/^(?:disabled|checked|selected)$/i)) {
-                       errorHandler.warning('attribute "' + value + '" missed value!! "' + value + '" instead!!');
-                     }
-
-                     el.add(value, value, start);
-                   }
+         var debouncedGetMetadata = debounce(getMetadata, 250);
 
-                   break;
+         function getMetadata(selection) {
+           var tile = context.container().select('.layer-background img.tile-center'); // tile near viewport center
 
-                 case S_EQ:
-                   throw new Error('attribute value missed!!');
-               } //                    console.log(tagName,tagNamePattern,tagNamePattern.test(tagName))
+           if (tile.empty()) return;
+           var sourceName = _currSourceName;
+           var d = tile.datum();
+           var zoom = d && d.length >= 3 && d[2] || Math.floor(context.map().zoom());
+           var center = context.map().center(); // update zoom
 
+           _metadata.zoom = String(zoom);
+           selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-zoom').classed('hide', false).selectAll('.background-info-span-zoom').html(_metadata.zoom);
+           if (!d || !d.length >= 3) return;
+           background.baseLayerSource().getMetadata(center, d, function (err, result) {
+             if (err || _currSourceName !== sourceName) return; // update vintage
 
-               return p;
+             var vintage = result.vintage;
+             _metadata.vintage = vintage && vintage.range || _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
+             selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-vintage').classed('hide', false).selectAll('.background-info-span-vintage').html(_metadata.vintage); // update other _metadata
 
-             /*xml space '\x20' | #x9 | #xD | #xA; */
+             _metadataKeys.forEach(function (k) {
+               if (k === 'zoom' || k === 'vintage') return; // done already
 
-             case "\x80":
-               c = ' ';
+               var val = result[k];
+               _metadata[k] = val;
+               selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-' + k).classed('hide', !val).selectAll('.background-info-span-' + k).html(val);
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
-             default:
-               if (c <= ' ') {
-                 //space
-                 switch (s) {
-                   case S_TAG:
-                     el.setTagName(source.slice(start, p)); //tagName
+         var panel = function panel(selection) {
+           selection.call(redraw);
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-background', function () {
+             selection.call(debouncedRedraw);
+           }).on('move.info-background', function () {
+             selection.call(debouncedGetMetadata);
+           });
+         };
 
-                     s = S_TAG_SPACE;
-                     break;
+         panel.off = function () {
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-background', null).on('move.info-background', null);
+         };
 
-                   case S_ATTR:
-                     attrName = source.slice(start, p);
-                     s = S_ATTR_SPACE;
-                     break;
+         panel.id = 'background';
+         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.background.title');
+         panel.key = _t('info_panels.background.key');
+         return panel;
+       }
 
-                   case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE:
-                     var value = source.slice(start, p).replace(/&#?\w+;/g, entityReplacer);
-                     errorHandler.warning('attribute "' + value + '" missed quot(")!!');
-                     el.add(attrName, value, start);
+       function uiPanelHistory(context) {
+         var osm;
 
-                   case S_ATTR_END:
-                     s = S_TAG_SPACE;
-                     break;
-                   //case S_TAG_SPACE:
-                   //case S_EQ:
-                   //case S_ATTR_SPACE:
-                   //  void();break;
-                   //case S_TAG_CLOSE:
-                   //ignore warning
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 //not space
-                 //S_TAG,      S_ATTR, S_EQ,   S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE
-                 //S_ATTR_SPACE,       S_ATTR_END,     S_TAG_SPACE, S_TAG_CLOSE
-                 switch (s) {
-                   //case S_TAG:void();break;
-                   //case S_ATTR:void();break;
-                   //case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE:void();break;
-                   case S_ATTR_SPACE:
-                     var tagName = el.tagName;
-
-                     if (currentNSMap[''] !== 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' || !attrName.match(/^(?:disabled|checked|selected)$/i)) {
-                       errorHandler.warning('attribute "' + attrName + '" missed value!! "' + attrName + '" instead2!!');
-                     }
+         function displayTimestamp(timestamp) {
+           if (!timestamp) return _t('info_panels.history.unknown');
+           var options = {
+             day: 'numeric',
+             month: 'short',
+             year: 'numeric',
+             hour: 'numeric',
+             minute: 'numeric',
+             second: 'numeric'
+           };
+           var d = new Date(timestamp);
+           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return _t('info_panels.history.unknown');
+           return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+         }
 
-                     el.add(attrName, attrName, start);
-                     start = p;
-                     s = S_ATTR;
-                     break;
+         function displayUser(selection, userName) {
+           if (!userName) {
+             selection.append('span').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.unknown'));
+             return;
+           }
 
-                   case S_ATTR_END:
-                     errorHandler.warning('attribute space is required"' + attrName + '"!!');
+           selection.append('span').attr('class', 'user-name').html(userName);
+           var links = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'links');
 
-                   case S_TAG_SPACE:
-                     s = S_ATTR;
-                     start = p;
-                     break;
+           if (osm) {
+             links.append('a').attr('class', 'user-osm-link').attr('href', osm.userURL(userName)).attr('target', '_blank').html('OSM');
+           }
 
-                   case S_EQ:
-                     s = S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE;
-                     start = p;
-                     break;
+           links.append('a').attr('class', 'user-hdyc-link').attr('href', 'https://hdyc.neis-one.org/?' + userName).attr('target', '_blank').attr('tabindex', -1).html('HDYC');
+         }
 
-                   case S_TAG_CLOSE:
-                     throw new Error("elements closed character '/' and '>' must be connected to");
-                 }
-               }
+         function displayChangeset(selection, changeset) {
+           if (!changeset) {
+             selection.append('span').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.unknown'));
+             return;
+           }
 
-           } //end outer switch
-           //console.log('p++',p)
+           selection.append('span').attr('class', 'changeset-id').html(changeset);
+           var links = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'links');
 
+           if (osm) {
+             links.append('a').attr('class', 'changeset-osm-link').attr('href', osm.changesetURL(changeset)).attr('target', '_blank').html('OSM');
+           }
 
-           p++;
+           links.append('a').attr('class', 'changeset-osmcha-link').attr('href', 'https://osmcha.org/changesets/' + changeset).attr('target', '_blank').html('OSMCha');
+           links.append('a').attr('class', 'changeset-achavi-link').attr('href', 'https://overpass-api.de/achavi/?changeset=' + changeset).attr('target', '_blank').html('Achavi');
          }
-       }
-       /**
-        * @return true if has new namespace define
-        */
-
 
-       function appendElement(el, domBuilder, currentNSMap) {
-         var tagName = el.tagName;
-         var localNSMap = null; //var currentNSMap = parseStack[parseStack.length-1].currentNSMap;
-
-         var i = el.length;
+         function redraw(selection) {
+           var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
+           osm = context.connection();
+           var selected, note, entity;
 
-         while (i--) {
-           var a = el[i];
-           var qName = a.qName;
-           var value = a.value;
-           var nsp = qName.indexOf(':');
-
-           if (nsp > 0) {
-             var prefix = a.prefix = qName.slice(0, nsp);
-             var localName = qName.slice(nsp + 1);
-             var nsPrefix = prefix === 'xmlns' && localName;
+           if (selectedNoteID && osm) {
+             // selected 1 note
+             selected = [_t('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID];
+             note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
            } else {
-             localName = qName;
-             prefix = null;
-             nsPrefix = qName === 'xmlns' && '';
-           } //can not set prefix,because prefix !== ''
-
-
-           a.localName = localName; //prefix == null for no ns prefix attribute 
-
-           if (nsPrefix !== false) {
-             //hack!!
-             if (localNSMap == null) {
-               localNSMap = {}; //console.log(currentNSMap,0)
-
-               _copy(currentNSMap, currentNSMap = {}); //console.log(currentNSMap,1)
+             // selected 1..n entities
+             selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (e) {
+               return context.hasEntity(e);
+             });
 
+             if (selected.length) {
+               entity = context.entity(selected[0]);
              }
-
-             currentNSMap[nsPrefix] = localNSMap[nsPrefix] = value;
-             a.uri = 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/';
-             domBuilder.startPrefixMapping(nsPrefix, value);
            }
-         }
-
-         var i = el.length;
-
-         while (i--) {
-           a = el[i];
-           var prefix = a.prefix;
 
-           if (prefix) {
-             //no prefix attribute has no namespace
-             if (prefix === 'xml') {
-               a.uri = 'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace';
-             }
+           var singular = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0] : null;
+           selection.html('');
+           selection.append('h4').attr('class', 'history-heading').html(singular || _t.html('info_panels.selected', {
+             n: selected.length
+           }));
+           if (!singular) return;
 
-             if (prefix !== 'xmlns') {
-               a.uri = currentNSMap[prefix || '']; //{console.log('###'+a.qName,domBuilder.locator.systemId+'',currentNSMap,a.uri)}
-             }
+           if (entity) {
+             selection.call(redrawEntity, entity);
+           } else if (note) {
+             selection.call(redrawNote, note);
            }
          }
 
-         var nsp = tagName.indexOf(':');
-
-         if (nsp > 0) {
-           prefix = el.prefix = tagName.slice(0, nsp);
-           localName = el.localName = tagName.slice(nsp + 1);
-         } else {
-           prefix = null; //important!!
-
-           localName = el.localName = tagName;
-         } //no prefix element has default namespace
-
-
-         var ns = el.uri = currentNSMap[prefix || ''];
-         domBuilder.startElement(ns, localName, tagName, el); //endPrefixMapping and startPrefixMapping have not any help for dom builder
-         //localNSMap = null
-
-         if (el.closed) {
-           domBuilder.endElement(ns, localName, tagName);
-
-           if (localNSMap) {
-             for (prefix in localNSMap) {
-               domBuilder.endPrefixMapping(prefix);
-             }
+         function redrawNote(selection, note) {
+           if (!note || note.isNew()) {
+             selection.append('div').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_no_history'));
+             return;
            }
-         } else {
-           el.currentNSMap = currentNSMap;
-           el.localNSMap = localNSMap; //parseStack.push(el);
-
-           return true;
-         }
-       }
-
-       function parseHtmlSpecialContent(source, elStartEnd, tagName, entityReplacer, domBuilder) {
-         if (/^(?:script|textarea)$/i.test(tagName)) {
-           var elEndStart = source.indexOf('</' + tagName + '>', elStartEnd);
-           var text = source.substring(elStartEnd + 1, elEndStart);
-
-           if (/[&<]/.test(text)) {
-             if (/^script$/i.test(tagName)) {
-               //if(!/\]\]>/.test(text)){
-               //lexHandler.startCDATA();
-               domBuilder.characters(text, 0, text.length); //lexHandler.endCDATA();
 
-               return elEndStart; //}
-             } //}else{//text area
+           var list = selection.append('ul');
+           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_comments') + ':').append('span').html(note.comments.length);
 
+           if (note.comments.length) {
+             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_created_date') + ':').append('span').html(displayTimestamp(note.comments[0].date));
+             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_created_user') + ':').call(displayUser, note.comments[0].user);
+           }
 
-             text = text.replace(/&#?\w+;/g, entityReplacer);
-             domBuilder.characters(text, 0, text.length);
-             return elEndStart; //}
+           if (osm) {
+             selection.append('a').attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', osm.noteURL(note)).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_link_text'));
            }
          }
 
-         return elStartEnd + 1;
-       }
-
-       function fixSelfClosed(source, elStartEnd, tagName, closeMap) {
-         //if(tagName in closeMap){
-         var pos = closeMap[tagName];
-
-         if (pos == null) {
-           //console.log(tagName)
-           pos = source.lastIndexOf('</' + tagName + '>');
-
-           if (pos < elStartEnd) {
-             //忘记闭合
-             pos = source.lastIndexOf('</' + tagName);
+         function redrawEntity(selection, entity) {
+           if (!entity || entity.isNew()) {
+             selection.append('div').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.no_history'));
+             return;
            }
 
-           closeMap[tagName] = pos;
-         }
+           var links = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'links');
 
-         return pos < elStartEnd; //} 
-       }
+           if (osm) {
+             links.append('a').attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm').attr('href', osm.historyURL(entity)).attr('target', '_blank').attr('title', _t('info_panels.history.link_text')).html('OSM');
+           }
 
-       function _copy(source, target) {
-         for (var n in source) {
-           target[n] = source[n];
+           links.append('a').attr('class', 'pewu-history-viewer-link').attr('href', 'https://pewu.github.io/osm-history/#/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId()).attr('target', '_blank').attr('tabindex', -1).html('PeWu');
+           var list = selection.append('ul');
+           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.version') + ':').append('span').html(entity.version);
+           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.last_edit') + ':').append('span').html(displayTimestamp(entity.timestamp));
+           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.edited_by') + ':').call(displayUser, entity.user);
+           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.changeset') + ':').call(displayChangeset, entity.changeset);
          }
-       }
-
-       function parseDCC(source, start, domBuilder, errorHandler) {
-         //sure start with '<!'
-         var next = source.charAt(start + 2);
-
-         switch (next) {
-           case '-':
-             if (source.charAt(start + 3) === '-') {
-               var end = source.indexOf('-->', start + 4); //append comment source.substring(4,end)//<!--
-
-               if (end > start) {
-                 domBuilder.comment(source, start + 4, end - start - 4);
-                 return end + 3;
-               } else {
-                 errorHandler.error("Unclosed comment");
-                 return -1;
-               }
-             } else {
-               //error
-               return -1;
-             }
-
-           default:
-             if (source.substr(start + 3, 6) == 'CDATA[') {
-               var end = source.indexOf(']]>', start + 9);
-               domBuilder.startCDATA();
-               domBuilder.characters(source, start + 9, end - start - 9);
-               domBuilder.endCDATA();
-               return end + 3;
-             } //<!DOCTYPE
-             //startDTD(java.lang.String name, java.lang.String publicId, java.lang.String systemId) 
-
 
-             var matchs = split$1(source, start);
-             var len = matchs.length;
-
-             if (len > 1 && /!doctype/i.test(matchs[0][0])) {
-               var name = matchs[1][0];
-               var pubid = len > 3 && /^public$/i.test(matchs[2][0]) && matchs[3][0];
-               var sysid = len > 4 && matchs[4][0];
-               var lastMatch = matchs[len - 1];
-               domBuilder.startDTD(name, pubid && pubid.replace(/^(['"])(.*?)\1$/, '$2'), sysid && sysid.replace(/^(['"])(.*?)\1$/, '$2'));
-               domBuilder.endDTD();
-               return lastMatch.index + lastMatch[0].length;
-             }
+         var panel = function panel(selection) {
+           selection.call(redraw);
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-history', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+           context.on('enter.info-history', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+         };
 
-         }
+         panel.off = function () {
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-history', null);
+           context.on('enter.info-history', null);
+         };
 
-         return -1;
+         panel.id = 'history';
+         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.history.title');
+         panel.key = _t('info_panels.history.key');
+         return panel;
        }
 
-       function parseInstruction(source, start, domBuilder) {
-         var end = source.indexOf('?>', start);
+       var OSM_PRECISION = 7;
+       /**
+        * Returns a localized representation of the given length measurement.
+        *
+        * @param {Number} m area in meters
+        * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
+        */
 
-         if (end) {
-           var match = source.substring(start, end).match(/^<\?(\S*)\s*([\s\S]*?)\s*$/);
+       function displayLength(m, isImperial) {
+         var d = m * (isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1);
+         var unit;
 
-           if (match) {
-             var len = match[0].length;
-             domBuilder.processingInstruction(match[1], match[2]);
-             return end + 2;
+         if (isImperial) {
+           if (d >= 5280) {
+             d /= 5280;
+             unit = 'miles';
+           } else {
+             unit = 'feet';
+           }
+         } else {
+           if (d >= 1000) {
+             d /= 1000;
+             unit = 'kilometers';
            } else {
-             //error
-             return -1;
+             unit = 'meters';
            }
          }
 
-         return -1;
+         return _t('units.' + unit, {
+           quantity: d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), {
+             maximumSignificantDigits: 4
+           })
+         });
        }
        /**
-        * @param source
+        * Returns a localized representation of the given area measurement.
+        *
+        * @param {Number} m2 area in square meters
+        * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
         */
 
+       function displayArea(m2, isImperial) {
+         var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+         var d = m2 * (isImperial ? 10.7639111056 : 1);
+         var d1, d2, area;
+         var unit1 = '';
+         var unit2 = '';
 
-       function ElementAttributes(source) {}
-
-       ElementAttributes.prototype = {
-         setTagName: function setTagName(tagName) {
-           if (!tagNamePattern.test(tagName)) {
-             throw new Error('invalid tagName:' + tagName);
+         if (isImperial) {
+           if (d >= 6969600) {
+             // > 0.25mi² show mi²
+             d1 = d / 27878400;
+             unit1 = 'square_miles';
+           } else {
+             d1 = d;
+             unit1 = 'square_feet';
            }
 
-           this.tagName = tagName;
-         },
-         add: function add(qName, value, offset) {
-           if (!tagNamePattern.test(qName)) {
-             throw new Error('invalid attribute:' + qName);
+           if (d > 4356 && d < 43560000) {
+             // 0.1 - 1000 acres
+             d2 = d / 43560;
+             unit2 = 'acres';
+           }
+         } else {
+           if (d >= 250000) {
+             // > 0.25km² show km²
+             d1 = d / 1000000;
+             unit1 = 'square_kilometers';
+           } else {
+             d1 = d;
+             unit1 = 'square_meters';
            }
 
-           this[this.length++] = {
-             qName: qName,
-             value: value,
-             offset: offset
-           };
-         },
-         length: 0,
-         getLocalName: function getLocalName(i) {
-           return this[i].localName;
-         },
-         getLocator: function getLocator(i) {
-           return this[i].locator;
-         },
-         getQName: function getQName(i) {
-           return this[i].qName;
-         },
-         getURI: function getURI(i) {
-           return this[i].uri;
-         },
-         getValue: function getValue(i) {
-           return this[i].value;
-         } //  ,getIndex:function(uri, localName)){
-         //            if(localName){
-         //                    
-         //            }else{
-         //                    var qName = uri
-         //            }
-         //    },
-         //    getValue:function(){return this.getValue(this.getIndex.apply(this,arguments))},
-         //    getType:function(uri,localName){}
-         //    getType:function(i){},
+           if (d > 1000 && d < 10000000) {
+             // 0.1 - 1000 hectares
+             d2 = d / 10000;
+             unit2 = 'hectares';
+           }
+         }
 
-       };
+         area = _t('units.' + unit1, {
+           quantity: d1.toLocaleString(locale, {
+             maximumSignificantDigits: 4
+           })
+         });
 
-       function _set_proto_(thiz, parent) {
-         thiz.__proto__ = parent;
-         return thiz;
+         if (d2) {
+           return _t('units.area_pair', {
+             area1: area,
+             area2: _t('units.' + unit2, {
+               quantity: d2.toLocaleString(locale, {
+                 maximumSignificantDigits: 2
+               })
+             })
+           });
+         } else {
+           return area;
+         }
        }
 
-       if (!(_set_proto_({}, _set_proto_.prototype) instanceof _set_proto_)) {
-         _set_proto_ = function _set_proto_(thiz, parent) {
-           function p() {}
-           p.prototype = parent;
-           p = new p();
-
-           for (parent in thiz) {
-             p[parent] = thiz[parent];
-           }
+       function wrap(x, min, max) {
+         var d = max - min;
+         return ((x - min) % d + d) % d + min;
+       }
 
-           return p;
-         };
+       function clamp(x, min, max) {
+         return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
        }
 
-       function split$1(source, start) {
-         var match;
-         var buf = [];
-         var reg = /'[^']+'|"[^"]+"|[^\s<>\/=]+=?|(\/?\s*>|<)/g;
-         reg.lastIndex = start;
-         reg.exec(source); //skip <
+       function displayCoordinate(deg, pos, neg) {
+         var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+         var min = (Math.abs(deg) - Math.floor(Math.abs(deg))) * 60;
+         var sec = (min - Math.floor(min)) * 60;
+         var displayDegrees = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
+           quantity: Math.floor(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
+         });
+         var displayCoordinate;
 
-         while (match = reg.exec(source)) {
-           buf.push(match);
-           if (match[1]) return buf;
+         if (Math.floor(sec) > 0) {
+           displayCoordinate = displayDegrees + _t('units.arcminutes', {
+             quantity: Math.floor(min).toLocaleString(locale)
+           }) + _t('units.arcseconds', {
+             quantity: Math.round(sec).toLocaleString(locale)
+           });
+         } else if (Math.floor(min) > 0) {
+           displayCoordinate = displayDegrees + _t('units.arcminutes', {
+             quantity: Math.round(min).toLocaleString(locale)
+           });
+         } else {
+           displayCoordinate = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
+             quantity: Math.round(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
+           });
          }
-       }
 
-       var XMLReader_1 = XMLReader;
-       var sax = {
-         XMLReader: XMLReader_1
-       };
-
-       /*
-        * DOM Level 2
-        * Object DOMException
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/ecma-script-language-binding.html
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/ecma-script-binding.html
-        */
-       function copy$1(src, dest) {
-         for (var p in src) {
-           dest[p] = src[p];
+         if (deg === 0) {
+           return displayCoordinate;
+         } else {
+           return _t('units.coordinate', {
+             coordinate: displayCoordinate,
+             direction: _t('units.' + (deg > 0 ? pos : neg))
+           });
          }
        }
        /**
-       ^\w+\.prototype\.([_\w]+)\s*=\s*((?:.*\{\s*?[\r\n][\s\S]*?^})|\S.*?(?=[;\r\n]));?
-       ^\w+\.prototype\.([_\w]+)\s*=\s*(\S.*?(?=[;\r\n]));?
+        * Returns given coordinate pair in degree-minute-second format.
+        *
+        * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
         */
 
 
-       function _extends(Class, Super) {
-         var pt = Class.prototype;
-
-         if (Object.create) {
-           var ppt = Object.create(Super.prototype);
-           pt.__proto__ = ppt;
-         }
-
-         if (!(pt instanceof Super)) {
-           var t = function t() {};
-           t.prototype = Super.prototype;
-           t = new t();
-           copy$1(pt, t);
-           Class.prototype = pt = t;
-         }
-
-         if (pt.constructor != Class) {
-           if (typeof Class != 'function') {
-             console.error("unknow Class:" + Class);
-           }
-
-           pt.constructor = Class;
-         }
-       }
-
-       var htmlns = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'; // Node Types
-
-       var NodeType = {};
-       var ELEMENT_NODE = NodeType.ELEMENT_NODE = 1;
-       var ATTRIBUTE_NODE = NodeType.ATTRIBUTE_NODE = 2;
-       var TEXT_NODE = NodeType.TEXT_NODE = 3;
-       var CDATA_SECTION_NODE = NodeType.CDATA_SECTION_NODE = 4;
-       var ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE = NodeType.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE = 5;
-       var ENTITY_NODE = NodeType.ENTITY_NODE = 6;
-       var PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE = NodeType.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE = 7;
-       var COMMENT_NODE = NodeType.COMMENT_NODE = 8;
-       var DOCUMENT_NODE = NodeType.DOCUMENT_NODE = 9;
-       var DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE = NodeType.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE = 10;
-       var DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE = NodeType.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE = 11;
-       var NOTATION_NODE = NodeType.NOTATION_NODE = 12; // ExceptionCode
-
-       var ExceptionCode = {};
-       var ExceptionMessage = {};
-       var INDEX_SIZE_ERR = ExceptionCode.INDEX_SIZE_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[1] = "Index size error", 1);
-       var DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR = ExceptionCode.DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[2] = "DOMString size error", 2);
-       var HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR = ExceptionCode.HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[3] = "Hierarchy request error", 3);
-       var WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR = ExceptionCode.WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[4] = "Wrong document", 4);
-       var INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR = ExceptionCode.INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[5] = "Invalid character", 5);
-       var NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR = ExceptionCode.NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[6] = "No data allowed", 6);
-       var NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR = ExceptionCode.NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[7] = "No modification allowed", 7);
-       var NOT_FOUND_ERR = ExceptionCode.NOT_FOUND_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[8] = "Not found", 8);
-       var NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR = ExceptionCode.NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[9] = "Not supported", 9);
-       var INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR = ExceptionCode.INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[10] = "Attribute in use", 10); //level2
-
-       var INVALID_STATE_ERR = ExceptionCode.INVALID_STATE_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[11] = "Invalid state", 11);
-       var SYNTAX_ERR = ExceptionCode.SYNTAX_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[12] = "Syntax error", 12);
-       var INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR = ExceptionCode.INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[13] = "Invalid modification", 13);
-       var NAMESPACE_ERR = ExceptionCode.NAMESPACE_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[14] = "Invalid namespace", 14);
-       var INVALID_ACCESS_ERR = ExceptionCode.INVALID_ACCESS_ERR = (ExceptionMessage[15] = "Invalid access", 15);
-
-       function DOMException$2(code, message) {
-         if (message instanceof Error) {
-           var error = message;
-         } else {
-           error = this;
-           Error.call(this, ExceptionMessage[code]);
-           this.message = ExceptionMessage[code];
-           if (Error.captureStackTrace) Error.captureStackTrace(this, DOMException$2);
-         }
-
-         error.code = code;
-         if (message) this.message = this.message + ": " + message;
-         return error;
+       function dmsCoordinatePair(coord) {
+         return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
+           latitude: displayCoordinate(clamp(coord[1], -90, 90), 'north', 'south'),
+           longitude: displayCoordinate(wrap(coord[0], -180, 180), 'east', 'west')
+         });
        }
-       DOMException$2.prototype = Error.prototype;
-       copy$1(ExceptionCode, DOMException$2);
        /**
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/core.html#ID-536297177
-        * The NodeList interface provides the abstraction of an ordered collection of nodes, without defining or constraining how this collection is implemented. NodeList objects in the DOM are live.
-        * The items in the NodeList are accessible via an integral index, starting from 0.
+        * Returns the given coordinate pair in decimal format.
+        * note: unlocalized to avoid comma ambiguity - see #4765
+        *
+        * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
         */
 
-       function NodeList() {}
-       NodeList.prototype = {
-         /**
-          * The number of nodes in the list. The range of valid child node indices is 0 to length-1 inclusive.
-          * @standard level1
-          */
-         length: 0,
-
-         /**
-          * Returns the indexth item in the collection. If index is greater than or equal to the number of nodes in the list, this returns null.
-          * @standard level1
-          * @param index  unsigned long 
-          *   Index into the collection.
-          * @return Node
-          *    The node at the indexth position in the NodeList, or null if that is not a valid index. 
-          */
-         item: function item(index) {
-           return this[index] || null;
-         },
-         toString: function toString(isHTML, nodeFilter) {
-           for (var buf = [], i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
-             serializeToString(this[i], buf, isHTML, nodeFilter);
-           }
-
-           return buf.join('');
-         }
-       };
-
-       function LiveNodeList(node, refresh) {
-         this._node = node;
-         this._refresh = refresh;
-
-         _updateLiveList(this);
+       function decimalCoordinatePair(coord) {
+         return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
+           latitude: clamp(coord[1], -90, 90).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION),
+           longitude: wrap(coord[0], -180, 180).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION)
+         });
        }
 
-       function _updateLiveList(list) {
-         var inc = list._node._inc || list._node.ownerDocument._inc;
-
-         if (list._inc != inc) {
-           var ls = list._refresh(list._node); //console.log(ls.length)
-
-
-           __set__(list, 'length', ls.length);
-
-           copy$1(ls, list);
-           list._inc = inc;
-         }
-       }
+       function uiPanelLocation(context) {
+         var currLocation = '';
 
-       LiveNodeList.prototype.item = function (i) {
-         _updateLiveList(this);
+         function redraw(selection) {
+           selection.html('');
+           var list = selection.append('ul'); // Mouse coordinates
 
-         return this[i];
-       };
+           var coord = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
 
-       _extends(LiveNodeList, NodeList);
-       /**
-        * 
-        * Objects implementing the NamedNodeMap interface are used to represent collections of nodes that can be accessed by name. Note that NamedNodeMap does not inherit from NodeList; NamedNodeMaps are not maintained in any particular order. Objects contained in an object implementing NamedNodeMap may also be accessed by an ordinal index, but this is simply to allow convenient enumeration of the contents of a NamedNodeMap, and does not imply that the DOM specifies an order to these Nodes.
-        * NamedNodeMap objects in the DOM are live.
-        * used for attributes or DocumentType entities 
-        */
+           if (coord.some(isNaN)) {
+             coord = context.map().center();
+           }
 
+           list.append('li').html(dmsCoordinatePair(coord)).append('li').html(decimalCoordinatePair(coord)); // Location Info
 
-       function NamedNodeMap() {}
+           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'location-info').html(currLocation || ' ');
+           debouncedGetLocation(selection, coord);
+         }
 
-       function _findNodeIndex(list, node) {
-         var i = list.length;
+         var debouncedGetLocation = debounce(getLocation, 250);
 
-         while (i--) {
-           if (list[i] === node) {
-             return i;
+         function getLocation(selection, coord) {
+           if (!services.geocoder) {
+             currLocation = _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
+             selection.selectAll('.location-info').html(currLocation);
+           } else {
+             services.geocoder.reverse(coord, function (err, result) {
+               currLocation = result ? result.display_name : _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
+               selection.selectAll('.location-info').html(currLocation);
+             });
            }
          }
-       }
 
-       function _addNamedNode(el, list, newAttr, oldAttr) {
-         if (oldAttr) {
-           list[_findNodeIndex(list, oldAttr)] = newAttr;
-         } else {
-           list[list.length++] = newAttr;
-         }
+         var panel = function panel(selection) {
+           selection.call(redraw);
+           context.surface().on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'move.info-location', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+         };
 
-         if (el) {
-           newAttr.ownerElement = el;
-           var doc = el.ownerDocument;
+         panel.off = function () {
+           context.surface().on('.info-location', null);
+         };
 
-           if (doc) {
-             oldAttr && _onRemoveAttribute(doc, el, oldAttr);
+         panel.id = 'location';
+         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.location.title');
+         panel.key = _t('info_panels.location.key');
+         return panel;
+       }
 
-             _onAddAttribute(doc, el, newAttr);
-           }
+       function uiPanelMeasurement(context) {
+         function radiansToMeters(r) {
+           // using WGS84 authalic radius (6371007.1809 m)
+           return r * 6371007.1809;
          }
-       }
 
-       function _removeNamedNode(el, list, attr) {
-         //console.log('remove attr:'+attr)
-         var i = _findNodeIndex(list, attr);
+         function steradiansToSqmeters(r) {
+           // http://gis.stackexchange.com/a/124857/40446
+           return r / (4 * Math.PI) * 510065621724000;
+         }
 
-         if (i >= 0) {
-           var lastIndex = list.length - 1;
+         function toLineString(feature) {
+           if (feature.type === 'LineString') return feature;
+           var result = {
+             type: 'LineString',
+             coordinates: []
+           };
 
-           while (i < lastIndex) {
-             list[i] = list[++i];
+           if (feature.type === 'Polygon') {
+             result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0];
+           } else if (feature.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
+             result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0][0];
            }
 
-           list.length = lastIndex;
-
-           if (el) {
-             var doc = el.ownerDocument;
-
-             if (doc) {
-               _onRemoveAttribute(doc, el, attr);
-
-               attr.ownerElement = null;
-             }
-           }
-         } else {
-           throw DOMException$2(NOT_FOUND_ERR, new Error(el.tagName + '@' + attr));
+           return result;
          }
-       }
 
-       NamedNodeMap.prototype = {
-         length: 0,
-         item: NodeList.prototype.item,
-         getNamedItem: function getNamedItem(key) {
-           //          if(key.indexOf(':')>0 || key == 'xmlns'){
-           //                  return null;
-           //          }
-           //console.log()
-           var i = this.length;
-
-           while (i--) {
-             var attr = this[i]; //console.log(attr.nodeName,key)
+         var _isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();
 
-             if (attr.nodeName == key) {
-               return attr;
-             }
-           }
-         },
-         setNamedItem: function setNamedItem(attr) {
-           var el = attr.ownerElement;
+         function redraw(selection) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           var localeCode = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+           var heading;
+           var center, location, centroid;
+           var closed, geometry;
+           var totalNodeCount,
+               length = 0,
+               area = 0,
+               distance;
 
-           if (el && el != this._ownerElement) {
-             throw new DOMException$2(INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR);
-           }
+           if (selectedNoteID && osm) {
+             // selected 1 note
+             var note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
+             heading = _t('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID;
+             location = note.loc;
+             geometry = 'note';
+           } else {
+             // selected 1..n entities
+             var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (id) {
+               return context.hasEntity(id);
+             });
+             var selected = selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
+               return context.entity(id);
+             });
+             heading = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0].id : _t('info_panels.selected', {
+               n: selected.length
+             });
 
-           var oldAttr = this.getNamedItem(attr.nodeName);
+             if (selected.length) {
+               var extent = geoExtent();
 
-           _addNamedNode(this._ownerElement, this, attr, oldAttr);
+               for (var i in selected) {
+                 var entity = selected[i];
 
-           return oldAttr;
-         },
+                 extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
 
-         /* returns Node */
-         setNamedItemNS: function setNamedItemNS(attr) {
-           // raises: WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR,NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR,INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR
-           var el = attr.ownerElement,
-               oldAttr;
+                 geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
 
-           if (el && el != this._ownerElement) {
-             throw new DOMException$2(INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR);
-           }
+                 if (geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area') {
+                   closed = entity.type === 'relation' || entity.isClosed() && !entity.isDegenerate();
+                   var feature = entity.asGeoJSON(graph);
+                   length += radiansToMeters(d3_geoLength(toLineString(feature)));
+                   centroid = d3_geoPath(context.projection).centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
+                   centroid = centroid && context.projection.invert(centroid);
 
-           oldAttr = this.getNamedItemNS(attr.namespaceURI, attr.localName);
+                   if (!centroid || !isFinite(centroid[0]) || !isFinite(centroid[1])) {
+                     centroid = entity.extent(graph).center();
+                   }
 
-           _addNamedNode(this._ownerElement, this, attr, oldAttr);
+                   if (closed) {
+                     area += steradiansToSqmeters(entity.area(graph));
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-           return oldAttr;
-         },
+               if (selected.length > 1) {
+                 geometry = null;
+                 closed = null;
+                 centroid = null;
+               }
 
-         /* returns Node */
-         removeNamedItem: function removeNamedItem(key) {
-           var attr = this.getNamedItem(key);
+               if (selected.length === 2 && selected[0].type === 'node' && selected[1].type === 'node') {
+                 distance = geoSphericalDistance(selected[0].loc, selected[1].loc);
+               }
 
-           _removeNamedNode(this._ownerElement, this, attr);
+               if (selected.length === 1 && selected[0].type === 'node') {
+                 location = selected[0].loc;
+               } else {
+                 totalNodeCount = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).length;
+               }
 
-           return attr;
-         },
-         // raises: NOT_FOUND_ERR,NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR
-         //for level2
-         removeNamedItemNS: function removeNamedItemNS(namespaceURI, localName) {
-           var attr = this.getNamedItemNS(namespaceURI, localName);
+               if (!location && !centroid) {
+                 center = extent.center();
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           _removeNamedNode(this._ownerElement, this, attr);
+           selection.html('');
 
-           return attr;
-         },
-         getNamedItemNS: function getNamedItemNS(namespaceURI, localName) {
-           var i = this.length;
+           if (heading) {
+             selection.append('h4').attr('class', 'measurement-heading').html(heading);
+           }
 
-           while (i--) {
-             var node = this[i];
+           var list = selection.append('ul');
+           var coordItem;
 
-             if (node.localName == localName && node.namespaceURI == namespaceURI) {
-               return node;
-             }
+           if (geometry) {
+             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.geometry') + ':').append('span').html(closed ? _t('info_panels.measurement.closed_' + geometry) : _t('geometry.' + geometry));
            }
 
-           return null;
-         }
-       };
-       /**
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/level-one-core.html#ID-102161490
-        */
+           if (totalNodeCount) {
+             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.node_count') + ':').append('span').html(totalNodeCount.toLocaleString(localeCode));
+           }
 
-       function DOMImplementation(
-       /* Object */
-       features) {
-         this._features = {};
+           if (area) {
+             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.area') + ':').append('span').html(displayArea(area, _isImperial));
+           }
 
-         if (features) {
-           for (var feature in features) {
-             this._features = features[feature];
+           if (length) {
+             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.' + (closed ? 'perimeter' : 'length')) + ':').append('span').html(displayLength(length, _isImperial));
            }
-         }
-       }
-       DOMImplementation.prototype = {
-         hasFeature: function hasFeature(
-         /* string */
-         feature,
-         /* string */
-         version) {
-           var versions = this._features[feature.toLowerCase()];
 
-           if (versions && (!version || version in versions)) {
-             return true;
-           } else {
-             return false;
+           if (typeof distance === 'number') {
+             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.distance') + ':').append('span').html(displayLength(distance, _isImperial));
            }
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-         createDocument: function createDocument(namespaceURI, qualifiedName, doctype) {
-           // raises:INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR,NAMESPACE_ERR,WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR
-           var doc = new Document();
-           doc.implementation = this;
-           doc.childNodes = new NodeList();
-           doc.doctype = doctype;
 
-           if (doctype) {
-             doc.appendChild(doctype);
+           if (location) {
+             coordItem = list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.location') + ':');
+             coordItem.append('span').html(dmsCoordinatePair(location));
+             coordItem.append('span').html(decimalCoordinatePair(location));
            }
 
-           if (qualifiedName) {
-             var root = doc.createElementNS(namespaceURI, qualifiedName);
-             doc.appendChild(root);
+           if (centroid) {
+             coordItem = list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.centroid') + ':');
+             coordItem.append('span').html(dmsCoordinatePair(centroid));
+             coordItem.append('span').html(decimalCoordinatePair(centroid));
            }
 
-           return doc;
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-         createDocumentType: function createDocumentType(qualifiedName, publicId, systemId) {
-           // raises:INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR,NAMESPACE_ERR
-           var node = new DocumentType();
-           node.name = qualifiedName;
-           node.nodeName = qualifiedName;
-           node.publicId = publicId;
-           node.systemId = systemId; // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-           //readonly attribute DOMString        internalSubset;
-           //TODO:..
-           //  readonly attribute NamedNodeMap     entities;
-           //  readonly attribute NamedNodeMap     notations;
+           if (center) {
+             coordItem = list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.center') + ':');
+             coordItem.append('span').html(dmsCoordinatePair(center));
+             coordItem.append('span').html(decimalCoordinatePair(center));
+           }
 
-           return node;
+           if (length || area || typeof distance === 'number') {
+             var toggle = _isImperial ? 'imperial' : 'metric';
+             selection.append('a').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.' + toggle)).attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'button button-toggle-units').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               _isImperial = !_isImperial;
+               selection.call(redraw);
+             });
+           }
          }
+
+         var panel = function panel(selection) {
+           selection.call(redraw);
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-measurement', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+           context.on('enter.info-measurement', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+         };
+
+         panel.off = function () {
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-measurement', null);
+           context.on('enter.info-measurement', null);
+         };
+
+         panel.id = 'measurement';
+         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.measurement.title');
+         panel.key = _t('info_panels.measurement.key');
+         return panel;
+       }
+
+       var uiInfoPanels = {
+         background: uiPanelBackground,
+         history: uiPanelHistory,
+         location: uiPanelLocation,
+         measurement: uiPanelMeasurement
        };
-       /**
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/core.html#ID-1950641247
-        */
 
-       function Node() {}
-       Node.prototype = {
-         firstChild: null,
-         lastChild: null,
-         previousSibling: null,
-         nextSibling: null,
-         attributes: null,
-         parentNode: null,
-         childNodes: null,
-         ownerDocument: null,
-         nodeValue: null,
-         namespaceURI: null,
-         prefix: null,
-         localName: null,
-         // Modified in DOM Level 2:
-         insertBefore: function insertBefore(newChild, refChild) {
-           //raises 
-           return _insertBefore(this, newChild, refChild);
-         },
-         replaceChild: function replaceChild(newChild, oldChild) {
-           //raises 
-           this.insertBefore(newChild, oldChild);
-
-           if (oldChild) {
-             this.removeChild(oldChild);
-           }
-         },
-         removeChild: function removeChild(oldChild) {
-           return _removeChild(this, oldChild);
-         },
-         appendChild: function appendChild(newChild) {
-           return this.insertBefore(newChild, null);
-         },
-         hasChildNodes: function hasChildNodes() {
-           return this.firstChild != null;
-         },
-         cloneNode: function cloneNode(deep) {
-           return _cloneNode(this.ownerDocument || this, this, deep);
-         },
-         // Modified in DOM Level 2:
-         normalize: function normalize() {
-           var child = this.firstChild;
-
-           while (child) {
-             var next = child.nextSibling;
-
-             if (next && next.nodeType == TEXT_NODE && child.nodeType == TEXT_NODE) {
-               this.removeChild(next);
-               child.appendData(next.data);
-             } else {
-               child.normalize();
-               child = next;
-             }
-           }
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-         isSupported: function isSupported(feature, version) {
-           return this.ownerDocument.implementation.hasFeature(feature, version);
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-         hasAttributes: function hasAttributes() {
-           return this.attributes.length > 0;
-         },
-         lookupPrefix: function lookupPrefix(namespaceURI) {
-           var el = this;
+       function uiInfo(context) {
+         var ids = Object.keys(uiInfoPanels);
+         var wasActive = ['measurement'];
+         var panels = {};
+         var active = {}; // create panels
 
-           while (el) {
-             var map = el._nsMap; //console.dir(map)
+         ids.forEach(function (k) {
+           if (!panels[k]) {
+             panels[k] = uiInfoPanels[k](context);
+             active[k] = false;
+           }
+         });
 
-             if (map) {
-               for (var n in map) {
-                 if (map[n] == namespaceURI) {
-                   return n;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+         function info(selection) {
+           function redraw() {
+             var activeids = ids.filter(function (k) {
+               return active[k];
+             }).sort();
+             var containers = infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-container').data(activeids, function (k) {
+               return k;
+             });
+             containers.exit().style('opacity', 1).transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).on('end', function (d) {
+               select(this).call(panels[d].off).remove();
+             });
+             var enter = containers.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'fillD2 panel-container panel-container-' + d;
+             });
+             enter.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 1);
+             var title = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'panel-title fillD2');
+             title.append('h3').html(function (d) {
+               return panels[d].label;
+             });
+             title.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+               d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               info.toggle(d);
+             }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+             enter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'panel-content panel-content-' + d;
+             }); // redraw the panels
 
-             el = el.nodeType == ATTRIBUTE_NODE ? el.ownerDocument : el.parentNode;
+             infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-content').each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(panels[d]);
+             });
            }
 
-           return null;
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 3:
-         lookupNamespaceURI: function lookupNamespaceURI(prefix) {
-           var el = this;
+           info.toggle = function (which) {
+             var activeids = ids.filter(function (k) {
+               return active[k];
+             });
+
+             if (which) {
+               // toggle one
+               active[which] = !active[which];
 
-           while (el) {
-             var map = el._nsMap; //console.dir(map)
+               if (activeids.length === 1 && activeids[0] === which) {
+                 // none active anymore
+                 wasActive = [which];
+               }
 
-             if (map) {
-               if (prefix in map) {
-                 return map[prefix];
+               context.container().select('.' + which + '-panel-toggle-item').classed('active', active[which]).select('input').property('checked', active[which]);
+             } else {
+               // toggle all
+               if (activeids.length) {
+                 wasActive = activeids;
+                 activeids.forEach(function (k) {
+                   active[k] = false;
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 wasActive.forEach(function (k) {
+                   active[k] = true;
+                 });
                }
              }
 
-             el = el.nodeType == ATTRIBUTE_NODE ? el.ownerDocument : el.parentNode;
-           }
+             redraw();
+           };
 
-           return null;
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 3:
-         isDefaultNamespace: function isDefaultNamespace(namespaceURI) {
-           var prefix = this.lookupPrefix(namespaceURI);
-           return prefix == null;
+           var infoPanels = selection.selectAll('.info-panels').data([0]);
+           infoPanels = infoPanels.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'info-panels').merge(infoPanels);
+           redraw();
+           context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('info_panels.key')), function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             info.toggle();
+           });
+           ids.forEach(function (k) {
+             var key = _t('info_panels.' + k + '.key', {
+               "default": null
+             });
+             if (!key) return;
+             context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘⇧' + key), function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               info.toggle(k);
+             });
+           });
          }
-       };
 
-       function _xmlEncoder(c) {
-         return c == '<' && '&lt;' || c == '>' && '&gt;' || c == '&' && '&amp;' || c == '"' && '&quot;' || '&#' + c.charCodeAt() + ';';
+         return info;
        }
 
-       copy$1(NodeType, Node);
-       copy$1(NodeType, Node.prototype);
-       /**
-        * @param callback return true for continue,false for break
-        * @return boolean true: break visit;
-        */
+       function pointBox(loc, context) {
+         var rect = context.surfaceRect();
+         var point = context.curtainProjection(loc);
+         return {
+           left: point[0] + rect.left - 40,
+           top: point[1] + rect.top - 60,
+           width: 80,
+           height: 90
+         };
+       }
+       function pad(locOrBox, padding, context) {
+         var box;
 
-       function _visitNode(node, callback) {
-         if (callback(node)) {
-           return true;
+         if (locOrBox instanceof Array) {
+           var rect = context.surfaceRect();
+           var point = context.curtainProjection(locOrBox);
+           box = {
+             left: point[0] + rect.left,
+             top: point[1] + rect.top
+           };
+         } else {
+           box = locOrBox;
          }
 
-         if (node = node.firstChild) {
-           do {
-             if (_visitNode(node, callback)) {
-               return true;
-             }
-           } while (node = node.nextSibling);
-         }
+         return {
+           left: box.left - padding,
+           top: box.top - padding,
+           width: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding,
+           height: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding
+         };
        }
+       function icon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
+         return '<svg class="icon ' + (svgklass || '') + '">' + '<use xlink:href="' + name + '"' + (useklass ? ' class="' + useklass + '"' : '') + '></use></svg>';
+       }
+       var helpStringReplacements; // Returns the localized HTML element for `id` with a standardized set of icon, key, and
+       // label replacements suitable for tutorials and documentation. Optionally supplemented
+       // with custom `replacements`
 
-       function Document() {}
-
-       function _onAddAttribute(doc, el, newAttr) {
-         doc && doc._inc++;
-         var ns = newAttr.namespaceURI;
-
-         if (ns == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/') {
-           //update namespace
-           el._nsMap[newAttr.prefix ? newAttr.localName : ''] = newAttr.value;
+       function helpHtml(id, replacements) {
+         // only load these the first time
+         if (!helpStringReplacements) {
+           helpStringReplacements = {
+             // insert icons corresponding to various UI elements
+             point_icon: icon('#iD-icon-point', 'inline'),
+             line_icon: icon('#iD-icon-line', 'inline'),
+             area_icon: icon('#iD-icon-area', 'inline'),
+             note_icon: icon('#iD-icon-note', 'inline add-note'),
+             plus: icon('#iD-icon-plus', 'inline'),
+             minus: icon('#iD-icon-minus', 'inline'),
+             layers_icon: icon('#iD-icon-layers', 'inline'),
+             data_icon: icon('#iD-icon-data', 'inline'),
+             inspect: icon('#iD-icon-inspect', 'inline'),
+             help_icon: icon('#iD-icon-help', 'inline'),
+             undo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo', 'inline'),
+             redo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-undo' : '#iD-icon-redo', 'inline'),
+             save_icon: icon('#iD-icon-save', 'inline'),
+             // operation icons
+             circularize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-circularize', 'inline operation'),
+             continue_icon: icon('#iD-operation-continue', 'inline operation'),
+             copy_icon: icon('#iD-operation-copy', 'inline operation'),
+             delete_icon: icon('#iD-operation-delete', 'inline operation'),
+             disconnect_icon: icon('#iD-operation-disconnect', 'inline operation'),
+             downgrade_icon: icon('#iD-operation-downgrade', 'inline operation'),
+             extract_icon: icon('#iD-operation-extract', 'inline operation'),
+             merge_icon: icon('#iD-operation-merge', 'inline operation'),
+             move_icon: icon('#iD-operation-move', 'inline operation'),
+             orthogonalize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-orthogonalize', 'inline operation'),
+             paste_icon: icon('#iD-operation-paste', 'inline operation'),
+             reflect_long_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reflect-long', 'inline operation'),
+             reflect_short_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reflect-short', 'inline operation'),
+             reverse_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reverse', 'inline operation'),
+             rotate_icon: icon('#iD-operation-rotate', 'inline operation'),
+             split_icon: icon('#iD-operation-split', 'inline operation'),
+             straighten_icon: icon('#iD-operation-straighten', 'inline operation'),
+             // interaction icons
+             leftclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-left', 'inline operation'),
+             rightclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-right', 'inline operation'),
+             mousewheel_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mousewheel', 'inline operation'),
+             tap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'inline operation'),
+             doubletap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-doubletap', 'inline operation'),
+             longpress_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'inline operation'),
+             touchdrag_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-touchdrag', 'inline operation'),
+             pinch_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-pinch-apart', 'inline operation'),
+             // insert keys; may be localized and platform-dependent
+             shift: uiCmd.display('⇧'),
+             alt: uiCmd.display('⌥'),
+             "return": uiCmd.display('↵'),
+             esc: _t.html('shortcuts.key.esc'),
+             space: _t.html('shortcuts.key.space'),
+             add_note_key: _t.html('modes.add_note.key'),
+             help_key: _t.html('help.key'),
+             shortcuts_key: _t.html('shortcuts.toggle.key'),
+             // reference localized UI labels directly so that they'll always match
+             save: _t.html('save.title'),
+             undo: _t.html('undo.title'),
+             redo: _t.html('redo.title'),
+             upload: _t.html('commit.save'),
+             point: _t.html('modes.add_point.title'),
+             line: _t.html('modes.add_line.title'),
+             area: _t.html('modes.add_area.title'),
+             note: _t.html('modes.add_note.label'),
+             circularize: _t.html('operations.circularize.title'),
+             "continue": _t.html('operations.continue.title'),
+             copy: _t.html('operations.copy.title'),
+             "delete": _t.html('operations.delete.title'),
+             disconnect: _t.html('operations.disconnect.title'),
+             downgrade: _t.html('operations.downgrade.title'),
+             extract: _t.html('operations.extract.title'),
+             merge: _t.html('operations.merge.title'),
+             move: _t.html('operations.move.title'),
+             orthogonalize: _t.html('operations.orthogonalize.title'),
+             paste: _t.html('operations.paste.title'),
+             reflect_long: _t.html('operations.reflect.title.long'),
+             reflect_short: _t.html('operations.reflect.title.short'),
+             reverse: _t.html('operations.reverse.title'),
+             rotate: _t.html('operations.rotate.title'),
+             split: _t.html('operations.split.title'),
+             straighten: _t.html('operations.straighten.title'),
+             map_data: _t.html('map_data.title'),
+             osm_notes: _t.html('map_data.layers.notes.title'),
+             fields: _t.html('inspector.fields'),
+             tags: _t.html('inspector.tags'),
+             relations: _t.html('inspector.relations'),
+             new_relation: _t.html('inspector.new_relation'),
+             turn_restrictions: _t.html('_tagging.presets.fields.restrictions.label'),
+             background_settings: _t.html('background.description'),
+             imagery_offset: _t.html('background.fix_misalignment'),
+             start_the_walkthrough: _t.html('splash.walkthrough'),
+             help: _t.html('help.title'),
+             ok: _t.html('intro.ok')
+           };
          }
-       }
 
-       function _onRemoveAttribute(doc, el, newAttr, remove) {
-         doc && doc._inc++;
-         var ns = newAttr.namespaceURI;
+         var reps;
 
-         if (ns == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/') {
-           //update namespace
-           delete el._nsMap[newAttr.prefix ? newAttr.localName : ''];
+         if (replacements) {
+           reps = Object.assign(replacements, helpStringReplacements);
+         } else {
+           reps = helpStringReplacements;
          }
+
+         return _t.html(id, reps) // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
+         .replace(/\`(.*?)\`/g, '<kbd>$1</kbd>');
        }
 
-       function _onUpdateChild(doc, el, newChild) {
-         if (doc && doc._inc) {
-           doc._inc++; //update childNodes
+       function slugify(text) {
+         return text.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-') // Replace spaces with -
+         .replace(/[^\w\-]+/g, '') // Remove all non-word chars
+         .replace(/\-\-+/g, '-') // Replace multiple - with single -
+         .replace(/^-+/, '') // Trim - from start of text
+         .replace(/-+$/, ''); // Trim - from end of text
+       } // console warning for missing walkthrough names
 
-           var cs = el.childNodes;
 
-           if (newChild) {
-             cs[cs.length++] = newChild;
-           } else {
-             //console.log(1)
-             var child = el.firstChild;
-             var i = 0;
+       var missingStrings = {};
 
-             while (child) {
-               cs[i++] = child;
-               child = child.nextSibling;
-             }
+       function checkKey(key, text) {
+         if (_t(key, {
+           "default": undefined
+         }) === undefined) {
+           if (missingStrings.hasOwnProperty(key)) return; // warn once
 
-             cs.length = i;
-           }
+           missingStrings[key] = text;
+           var missing = key + ': ' + text;
+           if (typeof console !== 'undefined') console.log(missing); // eslint-disable-line
          }
        }
-       /**
-        * attributes;
-        * children;
-        * 
-        * writeable properties:
-        * nodeValue,Attr:value,CharacterData:data
-        * prefix
-        */
-
-
-       function _removeChild(parentNode, child) {
-         var previous = child.previousSibling;
-         var next = child.nextSibling;
 
-         if (previous) {
-           previous.nextSibling = next;
-         } else {
-           parentNode.firstChild = next;
-         }
-
-         if (next) {
-           next.previousSibling = previous;
-         } else {
-           parentNode.lastChild = previous;
-         }
-
-         _onUpdateChild(parentNode.ownerDocument, parentNode);
+       function localize(obj) {
+         var key; // Assign name if entity has one..
 
-         return child;
-       }
-       /**
-        * preformance key(refChild == null)
-        */
+         var name = obj.tags && obj.tags.name;
 
+         if (name) {
+           key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(name);
+           obj.tags.name = _t(key, {
+             "default": name
+           });
+           checkKey(key, name);
+         } // Assign street name if entity has one..
 
-       function _insertBefore(parentNode, newChild, nextChild) {
-         var cp = newChild.parentNode;
 
-         if (cp) {
-           cp.removeChild(newChild); //remove and update
-         }
+         var street = obj.tags && obj.tags['addr:street'];
 
-         if (newChild.nodeType === DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE) {
-           var newFirst = newChild.firstChild;
+         if (street) {
+           key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(street);
+           obj.tags['addr:street'] = _t(key, {
+             "default": street
+           });
+           checkKey(key, street); // Add address details common across walkthrough..
 
-           if (newFirst == null) {
-             return newChild;
-           }
+           var addrTags = ['block_number', 'city', 'county', 'district', 'hamlet', 'neighbourhood', 'postcode', 'province', 'quarter', 'state', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'];
+           addrTags.forEach(function (k) {
+             var key = 'intro.graph.' + k;
+             var tag = 'addr:' + k;
+             var val = obj.tags && obj.tags[tag];
+             var str = _t(key, {
+               "default": val
+             });
 
-           var newLast = newChild.lastChild;
-         } else {
-           newFirst = newLast = newChild;
+             if (str) {
+               if (str.match(/^<.*>$/) !== null) {
+                 delete obj.tags[tag];
+               } else {
+                 obj.tags[tag] = str;
+               }
+             }
+           });
          }
 
-         var pre = nextChild ? nextChild.previousSibling : parentNode.lastChild;
-         newFirst.previousSibling = pre;
-         newLast.nextSibling = nextChild;
-
-         if (pre) {
-           pre.nextSibling = newFirst;
-         } else {
-           parentNode.firstChild = newFirst;
-         }
+         return obj;
+       } // Used to detect squareness.. some duplicataion of code from actionOrthogonalize.
 
-         if (nextChild == null) {
-           parentNode.lastChild = newLast;
-         } else {
-           nextChild.previousSibling = newLast;
-         }
+       function isMostlySquare(points) {
+         // note: uses 15 here instead of the 12 from actionOrthogonalize because
+         // actionOrthogonalize can actually straighten some larger angles as it iterates
+         var threshold = 15; // degrees within right or straight
 
-         do {
-           newFirst.parentNode = parentNode;
-         } while (newFirst !== newLast && (newFirst = newFirst.nextSibling));
+         var lowerBound = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180); // near right
 
-         _onUpdateChild(parentNode.ownerDocument || parentNode, parentNode); //console.log(parentNode.lastChild.nextSibling == null)
+         var upperBound = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180); // near straight
 
+         for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+           var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
+           var origin = points[i];
+           var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];
+           var dotp = geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin);
+           var mag = Math.abs(dotp);
 
-         if (newChild.nodeType == DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE) {
-           newChild.firstChild = newChild.lastChild = null;
+           if (mag > lowerBound && mag < upperBound) {
+             return false;
+           }
          }
 
-         return newChild;
+         return true;
        }
+       function selectMenuItem(context, operation) {
+         return context.container().select('.edit-menu .edit-menu-item-' + operation);
+       }
+       function transitionTime(point1, point2) {
+         var distance = geoSphericalDistance(point1, point2);
 
-       function _appendSingleChild(parentNode, newChild) {
-         var cp = newChild.parentNode;
-
-         if (cp) {
-           var pre = parentNode.lastChild;
-           cp.removeChild(newChild); //remove and update
-
-           var pre = parentNode.lastChild;
-         }
-
-         var pre = parentNode.lastChild;
-         newChild.parentNode = parentNode;
-         newChild.previousSibling = pre;
-         newChild.nextSibling = null;
-
-         if (pre) {
-           pre.nextSibling = newChild;
+         if (distance === 0) {
+           return 0;
+         } else if (distance < 80) {
+           return 500;
          } else {
-           parentNode.firstChild = newChild;
+           return 1000;
          }
-
-         parentNode.lastChild = newChild;
-
-         _onUpdateChild(parentNode.ownerDocument, parentNode, newChild);
-
-         return newChild; //console.log("__aa",parentNode.lastChild.nextSibling == null)
        }
 
-       Document.prototype = {
-         //implementation : null,
-         nodeName: '#document',
-         nodeType: DOCUMENT_NODE,
-         doctype: null,
-         documentElement: null,
-         _inc: 1,
-         insertBefore: function insertBefore(newChild, refChild) {
-           //raises 
-           if (newChild.nodeType == DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE) {
-             var child = newChild.firstChild;
+       // hide class, which sets display=none, and a d3 transition for opacity.
+       // this will cause blinking when called repeatedly, so check that the
+       // value actually changes between calls.
 
-             while (child) {
-               var next = child.nextSibling;
-               this.insertBefore(child, refChild);
-               child = next;
-             }
+       function uiToggle(show, callback) {
+         return function (selection) {
+           selection.style('opacity', show ? 0 : 1).classed('hide', false).transition().style('opacity', show ? 1 : 0).on('end', function () {
+             select(this).classed('hide', !show).style('opacity', null);
+             if (callback) callback.apply(this);
+           });
+         };
+       }
 
-             return newChild;
-           }
+       function uiCurtain(containerNode) {
+         var surface = select(null),
+             tooltip = select(null),
+             darkness = select(null);
 
-           if (this.documentElement == null && newChild.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE) {
-             this.documentElement = newChild;
-           }
+         function curtain(selection) {
+           surface = selection.append('svg').attr('class', 'curtain').style('top', 0).style('left', 0);
+           darkness = surface.append('path').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('class', 'curtain-darkness');
+           select(window).on('resize.curtain', resize);
+           tooltip = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'tooltip');
+           tooltip.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-arrow');
+           tooltip.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-inner');
+           resize();
 
-           return _insertBefore(this, newChild, refChild), newChild.ownerDocument = this, newChild;
-         },
-         removeChild: function removeChild(oldChild) {
-           if (this.documentElement == oldChild) {
-             this.documentElement = null;
+           function resize() {
+             surface.attr('width', containerNode.clientWidth).attr('height', containerNode.clientHeight);
+             curtain.cut(darkness.datum());
            }
+         }
+         /**
+          * Reveal cuts the curtain to highlight the given box,
+          * and shows a tooltip with instructions next to the box.
+          *
+          * @param  {String|ClientRect} [box]   box used to cut the curtain
+          * @param  {String}    [text]          text for a tooltip
+          * @param  {Object}    [options]
+          * @param  {string}    [options.tooltipClass]    optional class to add to the tooltip
+          * @param  {integer}   [options.duration]        transition time in milliseconds
+          * @param  {string}    [options.buttonText]      if set, create a button with this text label
+          * @param  {function}  [options.buttonCallback]  if set, the callback for the button
+          * @param  {function}  [options.padding]         extra margin in px to put around bbox
+          * @param  {String|ClientRect} [options.tooltipBox]  box for tooltip position, if different from box for the curtain
+          */
 
-           return _removeChild(this, oldChild);
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-         importNode: function importNode(importedNode, deep) {
-           return _importNode(this, importedNode, deep);
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-         getElementById: function getElementById(id) {
-           var rtv = null;
 
-           _visitNode(this.documentElement, function (node) {
-             if (node.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE) {
-               if (node.getAttribute('id') == id) {
-                 rtv = node;
-                 return true;
-               }
-             }
-           });
+         curtain.reveal = function (box, html, options) {
+           options = options || {};
 
-           return rtv;
-         },
-         //document factory method:
-         createElement: function createElement(tagName) {
-           var node = new Element();
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.nodeName = tagName;
-           node.tagName = tagName;
-           node.childNodes = new NodeList();
-           var attrs = node.attributes = new NamedNodeMap();
-           attrs._ownerElement = node;
-           return node;
-         },
-         createDocumentFragment: function createDocumentFragment() {
-           var node = new DocumentFragment();
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.childNodes = new NodeList();
-           return node;
-         },
-         createTextNode: function createTextNode(data) {
-           var node = new Text();
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.appendData(data);
-           return node;
-         },
-         createComment: function createComment(data) {
-           var node = new Comment();
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.appendData(data);
-           return node;
-         },
-         createCDATASection: function createCDATASection(data) {
-           var node = new CDATASection();
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.appendData(data);
-           return node;
-         },
-         createProcessingInstruction: function createProcessingInstruction(target, data) {
-           var node = new ProcessingInstruction();
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.tagName = node.target = target;
-           node.nodeValue = node.data = data;
-           return node;
-         },
-         createAttribute: function createAttribute(name) {
-           var node = new Attr();
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.name = name;
-           node.nodeName = name;
-           node.localName = name;
-           node.specified = true;
-           return node;
-         },
-         createEntityReference: function createEntityReference(name) {
-           var node = new EntityReference();
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.nodeName = name;
-           return node;
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-         createElementNS: function createElementNS(namespaceURI, qualifiedName) {
-           var node = new Element();
-           var pl = qualifiedName.split(':');
-           var attrs = node.attributes = new NamedNodeMap();
-           node.childNodes = new NodeList();
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.nodeName = qualifiedName;
-           node.tagName = qualifiedName;
-           node.namespaceURI = namespaceURI;
-
-           if (pl.length == 2) {
-             node.prefix = pl[0];
-             node.localName = pl[1];
-           } else {
-             //el.prefix = null;
-             node.localName = qualifiedName;
+           if (typeof box === 'string') {
+             box = select(box).node();
            }
 
-           attrs._ownerElement = node;
-           return node;
-         },
-         // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-         createAttributeNS: function createAttributeNS(namespaceURI, qualifiedName) {
-           var node = new Attr();
-           var pl = qualifiedName.split(':');
-           node.ownerDocument = this;
-           node.nodeName = qualifiedName;
-           node.name = qualifiedName;
-           node.namespaceURI = namespaceURI;
-           node.specified = true;
-
-           if (pl.length == 2) {
-             node.prefix = pl[0];
-             node.localName = pl[1];
-           } else {
-             //el.prefix = null;
-             node.localName = qualifiedName;
+           if (box && box.getBoundingClientRect) {
+             box = copyBox(box.getBoundingClientRect());
+             var containerRect = containerNode.getBoundingClientRect();
+             box.top -= containerRect.top;
+             box.left -= containerRect.left;
            }
 
-           return node;
-         }
-       };
-
-       _extends(Document, Node);
-
-       function Element() {
-         this._nsMap = {};
-       }
-       Element.prototype = {
-         nodeType: ELEMENT_NODE,
-         hasAttribute: function hasAttribute(name) {
-           return this.getAttributeNode(name) != null;
-         },
-         getAttribute: function getAttribute(name) {
-           var attr = this.getAttributeNode(name);
-           return attr && attr.value || '';
-         },
-         getAttributeNode: function getAttributeNode(name) {
-           return this.attributes.getNamedItem(name);
-         },
-         setAttribute: function setAttribute(name, value) {
-           var attr = this.ownerDocument.createAttribute(name);
-           attr.value = attr.nodeValue = "" + value;
-           this.setAttributeNode(attr);
-         },
-         removeAttribute: function removeAttribute(name) {
-           var attr = this.getAttributeNode(name);
-           attr && this.removeAttributeNode(attr);
-         },
-         //four real opeartion method
-         appendChild: function appendChild(newChild) {
-           if (newChild.nodeType === DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE) {
-             return this.insertBefore(newChild, null);
-           } else {
-             return _appendSingleChild(this, newChild);
+           if (box && options.padding) {
+             box.top -= options.padding;
+             box.left -= options.padding;
+             box.bottom += options.padding;
+             box.right += options.padding;
+             box.height += options.padding * 2;
+             box.width += options.padding * 2;
            }
-         },
-         setAttributeNode: function setAttributeNode(newAttr) {
-           return this.attributes.setNamedItem(newAttr);
-         },
-         setAttributeNodeNS: function setAttributeNodeNS(newAttr) {
-           return this.attributes.setNamedItemNS(newAttr);
-         },
-         removeAttributeNode: function removeAttributeNode(oldAttr) {
-           //console.log(this == oldAttr.ownerElement)
-           return this.attributes.removeNamedItem(oldAttr.nodeName);
-         },
-         //get real attribute name,and remove it by removeAttributeNode
-         removeAttributeNS: function removeAttributeNS(namespaceURI, localName) {
-           var old = this.getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName);
-           old && this.removeAttributeNode(old);
-         },
-         hasAttributeNS: function hasAttributeNS(namespaceURI, localName) {
-           return this.getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName) != null;
-         },
-         getAttributeNS: function getAttributeNS(namespaceURI, localName) {
-           var attr = this.getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName);
-           return attr && attr.value || '';
-         },
-         setAttributeNS: function setAttributeNS(namespaceURI, qualifiedName, value) {
-           var attr = this.ownerDocument.createAttributeNS(namespaceURI, qualifiedName);
-           attr.value = attr.nodeValue = "" + value;
-           this.setAttributeNode(attr);
-         },
-         getAttributeNodeNS: function getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName) {
-           return this.attributes.getNamedItemNS(namespaceURI, localName);
-         },
-         getElementsByTagName: function getElementsByTagName(tagName) {
-           return new LiveNodeList(this, function (base) {
-             var ls = [];
 
-             _visitNode(base, function (node) {
-               if (node !== base && node.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE && (tagName === '*' || node.tagName == tagName)) {
-                 ls.push(node);
-               }
-             });
-
-             return ls;
-           });
-         },
-         getElementsByTagNameNS: function getElementsByTagNameNS(namespaceURI, localName) {
-           return new LiveNodeList(this, function (base) {
-             var ls = [];
-
-             _visitNode(base, function (node) {
-               if (node !== base && node.nodeType === ELEMENT_NODE && (namespaceURI === '*' || node.namespaceURI === namespaceURI) && (localName === '*' || node.localName == localName)) {
-                 ls.push(node);
-               }
-             });
-
-             return ls;
-           });
-         }
-       };
-       Document.prototype.getElementsByTagName = Element.prototype.getElementsByTagName;
-       Document.prototype.getElementsByTagNameNS = Element.prototype.getElementsByTagNameNS;
-
-       _extends(Element, Node);
-
-       function Attr() {}
-       Attr.prototype.nodeType = ATTRIBUTE_NODE;
-
-       _extends(Attr, Node);
-
-       function CharacterData() {}
-       CharacterData.prototype = {
-         data: '',
-         substringData: function substringData(offset, count) {
-           return this.data.substring(offset, offset + count);
-         },
-         appendData: function appendData(text) {
-           text = this.data + text;
-           this.nodeValue = this.data = text;
-           this.length = text.length;
-         },
-         insertData: function insertData(offset, text) {
-           this.replaceData(offset, 0, text);
-         },
-         appendChild: function appendChild(newChild) {
-           throw new Error(ExceptionMessage[HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR]);
-         },
-         deleteData: function deleteData(offset, count) {
-           this.replaceData(offset, count, "");
-         },
-         replaceData: function replaceData(offset, count, text) {
-           var start = this.data.substring(0, offset);
-           var end = this.data.substring(offset + count);
-           text = start + text + end;
-           this.nodeValue = this.data = text;
-           this.length = text.length;
-         }
-       };
+           var tooltipBox;
 
-       _extends(CharacterData, Node);
+           if (options.tooltipBox) {
+             tooltipBox = options.tooltipBox;
 
-       function Text() {}
-       Text.prototype = {
-         nodeName: "#text",
-         nodeType: TEXT_NODE,
-         splitText: function splitText(offset) {
-           var text = this.data;
-           var newText = text.substring(offset);
-           text = text.substring(0, offset);
-           this.data = this.nodeValue = text;
-           this.length = text.length;
-           var newNode = this.ownerDocument.createTextNode(newText);
+             if (typeof tooltipBox === 'string') {
+               tooltipBox = select(tooltipBox).node();
+             }
 
-           if (this.parentNode) {
-             this.parentNode.insertBefore(newNode, this.nextSibling);
+             if (tooltipBox && tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect) {
+               tooltipBox = copyBox(tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect());
+             }
+           } else {
+             tooltipBox = box;
            }
 
-           return newNode;
-         }
-       };
-
-       _extends(Text, CharacterData);
+           if (tooltipBox && html) {
+             if (html.indexOf('**') !== -1) {
+               if (html.indexOf('<span') === 0) {
+                 html = html.replace(/^(<span.*?>)(.+?)(\*\*)/, '$1<span>$2</span>$3');
+               } else {
+                 html = html.replace(/^(.+?)(\*\*)/, '<span>$1</span>$2');
+               } // pseudo markdown bold text for the instruction section..
 
-       function Comment() {}
-       Comment.prototype = {
-         nodeName: "#comment",
-         nodeType: COMMENT_NODE
-       };
 
-       _extends(Comment, CharacterData);
+               html = html.replace(/\*\*(.*?)\*\*/g, '<span class="instruction">$1</span>');
+             }
 
-       function CDATASection() {}
-       CDATASection.prototype = {
-         nodeName: "#cdata-section",
-         nodeType: CDATA_SECTION_NODE
-       };
+             html = html.replace(/\*(.*?)\*/g, '<em>$1</em>'); // emphasis
 
-       _extends(CDATASection, CharacterData);
+             html = html.replace(/\{br\}/g, '<br/><br/>'); // linebreak
 
-       function DocumentType() {}
-       DocumentType.prototype.nodeType = DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE;
+             if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
+               html += '<div class="button-section">' + '<button href="#" class="button action">' + options.buttonText + '</button></div>';
+             }
 
-       _extends(DocumentType, Node);
+             var classes = 'curtain-tooltip popover tooltip arrowed in ' + (options.tooltipClass || '');
+             tooltip.classed(classes, true).selectAll('.popover-inner').html(html);
 
-       function Notation() {}
-       Notation.prototype.nodeType = NOTATION_NODE;
+             if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
+               var button = tooltip.selectAll('.button-section .button.action');
+               button.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 options.buttonCallback();
+               });
+             }
 
-       _extends(Notation, Node);
+             var tip = copyBox(tooltip.node().getBoundingClientRect()),
+                 w = containerNode.clientWidth,
+                 h = containerNode.clientHeight,
+                 tooltipWidth = 200,
+                 tooltipArrow = 5,
+                 side,
+                 pos; // hack: this will have bottom placement,
+             // so need to reserve extra space for the tooltip illustration.
 
-       function Entity() {}
-       Entity.prototype.nodeType = ENTITY_NODE;
+             if (options.tooltipClass === 'intro-mouse') {
+               tip.height += 80;
+             } // trim box dimensions to just the portion that fits in the container..
 
-       _extends(Entity, Node);
 
-       function EntityReference() {}
-       EntityReference.prototype.nodeType = ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE;
+             if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height > h) {
+               tooltipBox.height -= tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height - h;
+             }
 
-       _extends(EntityReference, Node);
+             if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width > w) {
+               tooltipBox.width -= tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width - w;
+             } // determine tooltip placement..
 
-       function DocumentFragment() {}
-       DocumentFragment.prototype.nodeName = "#document-fragment";
-       DocumentFragment.prototype.nodeType = DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE;
 
-       _extends(DocumentFragment, Node);
+             if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height < 100) {
+               // tooltip below box..
+               side = 'bottom';
+               pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2, tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height];
+             } else if (tooltipBox.top > h - 140) {
+               // tooltip above box..
+               side = 'top';
+               pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2, tooltipBox.top - tip.height];
+             } else {
+               // tooltip to the side of the tooltipBox..
+               var tipY = tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height / 2 - tip.height / 2;
 
-       function ProcessingInstruction() {}
+               if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') {
+                 if (tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow < 70) {
+                   side = 'right';
+                   pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];
+                 } else {
+                   side = 'left';
+                   pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow + tooltipWidth > w - 70) {
+                   side = 'left';
+                   pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
+                 } else {
+                   side = 'right';
+                   pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-       ProcessingInstruction.prototype.nodeType = PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE;
+             if (options.duration !== 0 || !tooltip.classed(side)) {
+               tooltip.call(uiToggle(true));
+             }
 
-       _extends(ProcessingInstruction, Node);
+             tooltip.style('top', pos[1] + 'px').style('left', pos[0] + 'px').attr('class', classes + ' ' + side); // shift popover-inner if it is very close to the top or bottom edge
+             // (doesn't affect the placement of the popover-arrow)
 
-       function XMLSerializer$1() {}
+             var shiftY = 0;
 
-       XMLSerializer$1.prototype.serializeToString = function (node, isHtml, nodeFilter) {
-         return nodeSerializeToString.call(node, isHtml, nodeFilter);
-       };
+             if (side === 'left' || side === 'right') {
+               if (pos[1] < 60) {
+                 shiftY = 60 - pos[1];
+               } else if (pos[1] + tip.height > h - 100) {
+                 shiftY = h - pos[1] - tip.height - 100;
+               }
+             }
 
-       Node.prototype.toString = nodeSerializeToString;
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').style('top', shiftY + 'px');
+           } else {
+             tooltip.classed('in', false).call(uiToggle(false));
+           }
 
-       function nodeSerializeToString(isHtml, nodeFilter) {
-         var buf = [];
-         var refNode = this.nodeType == 9 ? this.documentElement : this;
-         var prefix = refNode.prefix;
-         var uri = refNode.namespaceURI;
+           curtain.cut(box, options.duration);
+           return tooltip;
+         };
 
-         if (uri && prefix == null) {
-           //console.log(prefix)
-           var prefix = refNode.lookupPrefix(uri);
+         curtain.cut = function (datum, duration) {
+           darkness.datum(datum).interrupt();
+           var selection;
 
-           if (prefix == null) {
-             //isHTML = true;
-             var visibleNamespaces = [{
-               namespace: uri,
-               prefix: null
-             } //{namespace:uri,prefix:''}
-             ];
+           if (duration === 0) {
+             selection = darkness;
+           } else {
+             selection = darkness.transition().duration(duration || 600).ease(linear$1);
            }
-         }
-
-         serializeToString(this, buf, isHtml, nodeFilter, visibleNamespaces); //console.log('###',this.nodeType,uri,prefix,buf.join(''))
 
-         return buf.join('');
-       }
+           selection.attr('d', function (d) {
+             var containerWidth = containerNode.clientWidth;
+             var containerHeight = containerNode.clientHeight;
+             var string = 'M 0,0 L 0,' + containerHeight + ' L ' + containerWidth + ',' + containerHeight + 'L' + containerWidth + ',0 Z';
+             if (!d) return string;
+             return string + 'M' + d.left + ',' + d.top + 'L' + d.left + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' + (d.left + d.width) + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' + (d.left + d.width) + ',' + d.top + 'Z';
+           });
+         };
 
-       function needNamespaceDefine(node, isHTML, visibleNamespaces) {
-         var prefix = node.prefix || '';
-         var uri = node.namespaceURI;
+         curtain.remove = function () {
+           surface.remove();
+           tooltip.remove();
+           select(window).on('resize.curtain', null);
+         }; // ClientRects are immutable, so copy them to an object,
+         // in case we need to trim the height/width.
 
-         if (!prefix && !uri) {
-           return false;
-         }
 
-         if (prefix === "xml" && uri === "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" || uri == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/') {
-           return false;
+         function copyBox(src) {
+           return {
+             top: src.top,
+             right: src.right,
+             bottom: src.bottom,
+             left: src.left,
+             width: src.width,
+             height: src.height
+           };
          }
 
-         var i = visibleNamespaces.length; //console.log('@@@@',node.tagName,prefix,uri,visibleNamespaces)
-
-         while (i--) {
-           var ns = visibleNamespaces[i]; // get namespace prefix
-           //console.log(node.nodeType,node.tagName,ns.prefix,prefix)
-
-           if (ns.prefix == prefix) {
-             return ns.namespace != uri;
-           }
-         } //console.log(isHTML,uri,prefix=='')
-         //if(isHTML && prefix ==null && uri == 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'){
-         //    return false;
-         //}
-         //node.flag = '11111'
-         //console.error(3,true,node.flag,node.prefix,node.namespaceURI)
-
-
-         return true;
+         return curtain;
        }
 
-       function serializeToString(node, buf, isHTML, nodeFilter, visibleNamespaces) {
-         if (nodeFilter) {
-           node = nodeFilter(node);
-
-           if (node) {
-             if (typeof node == 'string') {
-               buf.push(node);
-               return;
-             }
-           } else {
-             return;
-           } //buf.sort.apply(attrs, attributeSorter);
+       function uiIntroWelcome(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.welcome.title'
+         };
 
+         function welcome() {
+           context.map().centerZoom([-85.63591, 41.94285], 19);
+           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome', helpHtml('intro.welcome.welcome'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: practice
+           });
          }
 
-         switch (node.nodeType) {
-           case ELEMENT_NODE:
-             if (!visibleNamespaces) visibleNamespaces = [];
-             var startVisibleNamespaces = visibleNamespaces.length;
-             var attrs = node.attributes;
-             var len = attrs.length;
-             var child = node.firstChild;
-             var nodeName = node.tagName;
-             isHTML = htmlns === node.namespaceURI || isHTML;
-             buf.push('<', nodeName);
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-               // add namespaces for attributes
-               var attr = attrs.item(i);
-
-               if (attr.prefix == 'xmlns') {
-                 visibleNamespaces.push({
-                   prefix: attr.localName,
-                   namespace: attr.value
-                 });
-               } else if (attr.nodeName == 'xmlns') {
-                 visibleNamespaces.push({
-                   prefix: '',
-                   namespace: attr.value
-                 });
-               }
-             }
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-               var attr = attrs.item(i);
-
-               if (needNamespaceDefine(attr, isHTML, visibleNamespaces)) {
-                 var prefix = attr.prefix || '';
-                 var uri = attr.namespaceURI;
-                 var ns = prefix ? ' xmlns:' + prefix : " xmlns";
-                 buf.push(ns, '="', uri, '"');
-                 visibleNamespaces.push({
-                   prefix: prefix,
-                   namespace: uri
-                 });
-               }
-
-               serializeToString(attr, buf, isHTML, nodeFilter, visibleNamespaces);
-             } // add namespace for current node               
-
-
-             if (needNamespaceDefine(node, isHTML, visibleNamespaces)) {
-               var prefix = node.prefix || '';
-               var uri = node.namespaceURI;
-               var ns = prefix ? ' xmlns:' + prefix : " xmlns";
-               buf.push(ns, '="', uri, '"');
-               visibleNamespaces.push({
-                 prefix: prefix,
-                 namespace: uri
-               });
-             }
-
-             if (child || isHTML && !/^(?:meta|link|img|br|hr|input)$/i.test(nodeName)) {
-               buf.push('>'); //if is cdata child node
-
-               if (isHTML && /^script$/i.test(nodeName)) {
-                 while (child) {
-                   if (child.data) {
-                     buf.push(child.data);
-                   } else {
-                     serializeToString(child, buf, isHTML, nodeFilter, visibleNamespaces);
-                   }
+         function practice() {
+           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome', helpHtml('intro.welcome.practice'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: words
+           });
+         }
 
-                   child = child.nextSibling;
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 while (child) {
-                   serializeToString(child, buf, isHTML, nodeFilter, visibleNamespaces);
-                   child = child.nextSibling;
-                 }
-               }
+         function words() {
+           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome', helpHtml('intro.welcome.words'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: chapters
+           });
+         }
 
-               buf.push('</', nodeName, '>');
-             } else {
-               buf.push('/>');
-             } // remove added visible namespaces
-             //visibleNamespaces.length = startVisibleNamespaces;
+         function chapters() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-navigation', helpHtml('intro.welcome.chapters', {
+             next: _t('intro.navigation.title')
+           }));
+         }
 
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           welcome();
+         };
 
-             return;
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           context.container().select('.curtain-tooltip.intro-mouse').selectAll('.counter').remove();
+         };
 
-           case DOCUMENT_NODE:
-           case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-             var child = node.firstChild;
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
-             while (child) {
-               serializeToString(child, buf, isHTML, nodeFilter, visibleNamespaces);
-               child = child.nextSibling;
-             }
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-             return;
+       function uiIntroNavigation(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var timeouts = [];
+         var hallId = 'n2061';
+         var townHall = [-85.63591, 41.94285];
+         var springStreetId = 'w397';
+         var springStreetEndId = 'n1834';
+         var springStreet = [-85.63582, 41.94255];
+         var onewayField = _mainPresetIndex.field('oneway');
+         var maxspeedField = _mainPresetIndex.field('maxspeed');
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.navigation.title'
+         };
 
-           case ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-             return buf.push(' ', node.name, '="', node.value.replace(/[<&"]/g, _xmlEncoder), '"');
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         }
 
-           case TEXT_NODE:
-             return buf.push(node.data.replace(/[<&]/g, _xmlEncoder));
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
 
-           case CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-             return buf.push('<![CDATA[', node.data, ']]>');
+         function isTownHallSelected() {
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           return ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === hallId;
+         }
 
-           case COMMENT_NODE:
-             return buf.push("<!--", node.data, "-->");
+         function dragMap() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           var msec = transitionTime(townHall, context.map().center());
 
-           case DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-             var pubid = node.publicId;
-             var sysid = node.systemId;
-             buf.push('<!DOCTYPE ', node.name);
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-             if (pubid) {
-               buf.push(' PUBLIC "', pubid);
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(townHall, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var centerStart = context.map().center();
+             var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'drag' : 'drag_touch';
+             var dragString = helpHtml('intro.navigation.map_info') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId);
+             reveal('.surface', dragString);
+             context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+               reveal('.surface', dragString, {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+               var centerNow = context.map().center();
 
-               if (sysid && sysid != '.') {
-                 buf.push('" "', sysid);
+               if (centerStart[0] !== centerNow[0] || centerStart[1] !== centerNow[1]) {
+                 context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+                 timeout(function () {
+                   continueTo(zoomMap);
+                 }, 3000);
                }
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-               buf.push('">');
-             } else if (sysid && sysid != '.') {
-               buf.push(' SYSTEM "', sysid, '">');
-             } else {
-               var sub = node.internalSubset;
-
-               if (sub) {
-                 buf.push(" [", sub, "]");
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               buf.push(">");
+         function zoomMap() {
+           var zoomStart = context.map().zoom();
+           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'zoom' : 'zoom_touch';
+           var zoomString = helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId);
+           reveal('.surface', zoomString);
+           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.surface', zoomString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+             if (context.map().zoom() !== zoomStart) {
+               context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(features);
+               }, 3000);
              }
+           });
 
-             return;
-
-           case PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
-             return buf.push("<?", node.target, " ", node.data, "?>");
-
-           case ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
-             return buf.push('&', node.nodeName, ';');
-           //case ENTITY_NODE:
-           //case NOTATION_NODE:
-
-           default:
-             buf.push('??', node.nodeName);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
-       }
 
-       function _importNode(doc, node, deep) {
-         var node2;
-
-         switch (node.nodeType) {
-           case ELEMENT_NODE:
-             node2 = node.cloneNode(false);
-             node2.ownerDocument = doc;
-           //var attrs = node2.attributes;
-           //var len = attrs.length;
-           //for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
-           //node2.setAttributeNodeNS(importNode(doc,attrs.item(i),deep));
-           //}
-
-           case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-             break;
+         function features() {
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(pointsLinesAreas);
+           };
 
-           case ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-             deep = true;
-             break;
-           //case ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
-           //case PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
-           ////case TEXT_NODE:
-           //case CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-           //case COMMENT_NODE:
-           //  deep = false;
-           //  break;
-           //case DOCUMENT_NODE:
-           //case DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-           //cannot be imported.
-           //case ENTITY_NODE:
-           //case NOTATION_NODE:
-           //can not hit in level3
-           //default:throw e;
-         }
+           reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.features'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.features'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
 
-         if (!node2) {
-           node2 = node.cloneNode(false); //false
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         node2.ownerDocument = doc;
-         node2.parentNode = null;
+         function pointsLinesAreas() {
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(nodesWays);
+           };
 
-         if (deep) {
-           var child = node.firstChild;
+           reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
 
-           while (child) {
-             node2.appendChild(_importNode(doc, child, deep));
-             child = child.nextSibling;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
          }
 
-         return node2;
-       } //
-       //var _relationMap = {firstChild:1,lastChild:1,previousSibling:1,nextSibling:1,
-       //                                      attributes:1,childNodes:1,parentNode:1,documentElement:1,doctype,};
-
-
-       function _cloneNode(doc, node, deep) {
-         var node2 = new node.constructor();
+         function nodesWays() {
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(clickTownHall);
+           };
 
-         for (var n in node) {
-           var v = node[n];
+           reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
 
-           if (_typeof(v) != 'object') {
-             if (v != node2[n]) {
-               node2[n] = v;
-             }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
          }
 
-         if (node.childNodes) {
-           node2.childNodes = new NodeList();
-         }
-
-         node2.ownerDocument = doc;
-
-         switch (node2.nodeType) {
-           case ELEMENT_NODE:
-             var attrs = node.attributes;
-             var attrs2 = node2.attributes = new NamedNodeMap();
-             var len = attrs.length;
-             attrs2._ownerElement = node2;
+         function clickTownHall() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+           if (!entity) return;
+           reveal(null, null, {
+             duration: 0
+           });
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(entity.loc, 19, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+             if (!entity) return;
+             var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+             var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click_townhall' : 'tap_townhall';
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId));
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+               if (!entity) return;
+               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId), {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function () {
+               if (isTownHallSelected()) continueTo(selectedTownHall);
+             });
+           }, 550); // after centerZoomEase
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-               node2.setAttributeNode(_cloneNode(doc, attrs.item(i), true));
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
              }
+           });
 
-             break;
-
-           case ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-             deep = true;
-         }
-
-         if (deep) {
-           var child = node.firstChild;
-
-           while (child) {
-             node2.appendChild(_cloneNode(doc, child, deep));
-             child = child.nextSibling;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
          }
 
-         return node2;
-       }
-
-       function __set__(object, key, value) {
-         object[key] = value;
-       } //do dynamic
-
-
-       try {
-         if (Object.defineProperty) {
-           var getTextContent = function getTextContent(node) {
-             switch (node.nodeType) {
-               case ELEMENT_NODE:
-               case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-                 var buf = [];
-                 node = node.firstChild;
-
-                 while (node) {
-                   if (node.nodeType !== 7 && node.nodeType !== 8) {
-                     buf.push(getTextContent(node));
-                   }
-
-                   node = node.nextSibling;
-                 }
-
-                 return buf.join('');
+         function selectedTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+           if (!entity) return clickTownHall();
+           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
 
-               default:
-                 return node.nodeValue;
-             }
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(editorTownHall);
            };
 
-           Object.defineProperty(LiveNodeList.prototype, 'length', {
-             get: function get() {
-               _updateLiveList(this);
-
-               return this.$$length;
-             }
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
            });
-           Object.defineProperty(Node.prototype, 'textContent', {
-             get: function get() {
-               return getTextContent(this);
-             },
-             set: function set(data) {
-               switch (this.nodeType) {
-                 case ELEMENT_NODE:
-                 case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-                   while (this.firstChild) {
-                     this.removeChild(this.firstChild);
-                   }
-
-                   if (data || String(data)) {
-                     this.appendChild(this.ownerDocument.createTextNode(data));
-                   }
-
-                   break;
-
-                 default:
-                   //TODO:
-                   this.data = data;
-                   this.value = data;
-                   this.nodeValue = data;
-               }
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+             if (!entity) return;
+             var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
              }
            });
 
-           __set__ = function __set__(object, key, value) {
-             //console.log(value)
-             object['$$' + key] = value;
-           };
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
-       } catch (e) {//ie8
-       } //if(typeof require == 'function'){
-
 
-       var DOMImplementation_1 = DOMImplementation;
-       var XMLSerializer_1 = XMLSerializer$1; //}
+         function editorTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall(); // disallow scrolling
 
-       var dom = {
-         DOMImplementation: DOMImplementation_1,
-         XMLSerializer: XMLSerializer_1
-       };
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
 
-       var domParser = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-         function DOMParser(options) {
-           this.options = options || {
-             locator: {}
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(presetTownHall);
            };
-         }
 
-         DOMParser.prototype.parseFromString = function (source, mimeType) {
-           var options = this.options;
-           var sax = new XMLReader();
-           var domBuilder = options.domBuilder || new DOMHandler(); //contentHandler and LexicalHandler
-
-           var errorHandler = options.errorHandler;
-           var locator = options.locator;
-           var defaultNSMap = options.xmlns || {};
-           var entityMap = {
-             'lt': '<',
-             'gt': '>',
-             'amp': '&',
-             'quot': '"',
-             'apos': "'"
-           };
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.editor_townhall'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(clickTownHall);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+             }
+           });
 
-           if (locator) {
-             domBuilder.setDocumentLocator(locator);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           sax.errorHandler = buildErrorHandler(errorHandler, domBuilder, locator);
-           sax.domBuilder = options.domBuilder || domBuilder;
+         function presetTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall(); // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-           if (/\/x?html?$/.test(mimeType)) {
-             entityMap.nbsp = '\xa0';
-             entityMap.copy = '\xa9';
-             defaultNSMap[''] = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml';
-           }
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%'); // disallow scrolling
 
-           defaultNSMap.xml = defaultNSMap.xml || 'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace';
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel); // preset match, in case the user happened to change it.
 
-           if (source) {
-             sax.parse(source, defaultNSMap, entityMap);
-           } else {
-             sax.errorHandler.error("invalid doc source");
-           }
+           var entity = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
+           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
 
-           return domBuilder.doc;
-         };
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(fieldsTownHall);
+           };
 
-         function buildErrorHandler(errorImpl, domBuilder, locator) {
-           if (!errorImpl) {
-             if (domBuilder instanceof DOMHandler) {
-               return domBuilder;
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-feature-type', helpHtml('intro.navigation.preset_townhall', {
+             preset: preset.name()
+           }), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(clickTownHall);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
              }
+           });
 
-             errorImpl = domBuilder;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           var errorHandler = {};
-           var isCallback = errorImpl instanceof Function;
-           locator = locator || {};
-
-           function build(key) {
-             var fn = errorImpl[key];
-
-             if (!fn && isCallback) {
-               fn = errorImpl.length == 2 ? function (msg) {
-                 errorImpl(key, msg);
-               } : errorImpl;
-             }
+         function fieldsTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall(); // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-             errorHandler[key] = fn && function (msg) {
-               fn('[xmldom ' + key + ']\t' + msg + _locator(locator));
-             } || function () {};
-           }
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%'); // disallow scrolling
 
-           build('warning');
-           build('error');
-           build('fatalError');
-           return errorHandler;
-         } //console.log('#\n\n\n\n\n\n\n####')
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
 
-         /**
-          * +ContentHandler+ErrorHandler
-          * +LexicalHandler+EntityResolver2
-          * -DeclHandler-DTDHandler 
-          * 
-          * DefaultHandler:EntityResolver, DTDHandler, ContentHandler, ErrorHandler
-          * DefaultHandler2:DefaultHandler,LexicalHandler, DeclHandler, EntityResolver2
-          * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/helpers/DefaultHandler.html
-          */
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(closeTownHall);
+           };
 
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-preset-fields', helpHtml('intro.navigation.fields_townhall'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(clickTownHall);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+             }
+           });
 
-         function DOMHandler() {
-           this.cdata = false;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         function position(locator, node) {
-           node.lineNumber = locator.lineNumber;
-           node.columnNumber = locator.columnNumber;
+         function closeTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
+           var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+           var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.close_townhall', {
+             button: icon(href, 'inline')
+           }));
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(searchStreet);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
+             var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+             var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.close_townhall', {
+               button: icon(href, 'inline')
+             }), {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
-         /**
-          * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#startDocument
-          * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ContentHandler.html
-          */
 
+         function searchStreet() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial'); // ensure spring street exists
 
-         DOMHandler.prototype = {
-           startDocument: function startDocument() {
-             this.doc = new DOMImplementation().createDocument(null, null, null);
+           var msec = transitionTime(springStreet, context.map().center());
 
-             if (this.locator) {
-               this.doc.documentURI = this.locator.systemId;
-             }
-           },
-           startElement: function startElement(namespaceURI, localName, qName, attrs) {
-             var doc = this.doc;
-             var el = doc.createElementNS(namespaceURI, qName || localName);
-             var len = attrs.length;
-             appendElement(this, el);
-             this.currentElement = el;
-             this.locator && position(this.locator, el);
-
-             for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-               var namespaceURI = attrs.getURI(i);
-               var value = attrs.getValue(i);
-               var qName = attrs.getQName(i);
-               var attr = doc.createAttributeNS(namespaceURI, qName);
-               this.locator && position(attrs.getLocator(i), attr);
-               attr.value = attr.nodeValue = value;
-               el.setAttributeNode(attr);
-             }
-           },
-           endElement: function endElement(namespaceURI, localName, qName) {
-             var current = this.currentElement;
-             var tagName = current.tagName;
-             this.currentElement = current.parentNode;
-           },
-           startPrefixMapping: function startPrefixMapping(prefix, uri) {},
-           endPrefixMapping: function endPrefixMapping(prefix) {},
-           processingInstruction: function processingInstruction(target, data) {
-             var ins = this.doc.createProcessingInstruction(target, data);
-             this.locator && position(this.locator, ins);
-             appendElement(this, ins);
-           },
-           ignorableWhitespace: function ignorableWhitespace(ch, start, length) {},
-           characters: function characters(chars, start, length) {
-             chars = _toString.apply(this, arguments); //console.log(chars)
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-             if (chars) {
-               if (this.cdata) {
-                 var charNode = this.doc.createCDATASection(chars);
-               } else {
-                 var charNode = this.doc.createTextNode(chars);
-               }
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(springStreet, 19, msec); // ..and user can see it
 
-               if (this.currentElement) {
-                 this.currentElement.appendChild(charNode);
-               } else if (/^\s*$/.test(chars)) {
-                 this.doc.appendChild(charNode); //process xml
-               }
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.search-header input', helpHtml('intro.navigation.search_street', {
+               name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street')
+             }));
+             context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keyup.intro', checkSearchResult);
+           }, msec + 100);
+         }
 
-               this.locator && position(this.locator, charNode);
-             }
-           },
-           skippedEntity: function skippedEntity(name) {},
-           endDocument: function endDocument() {
-             this.doc.normalize();
-           },
-           setDocumentLocator: function setDocumentLocator(locator) {
-             if (this.locator = locator) {
-               // && !('lineNumber' in locator)){
-               locator.lineNumber = 0;
-             }
-           },
-           //LexicalHandler
-           comment: function comment(chars, start, length) {
-             chars = _toString.apply(this, arguments);
-             var comm = this.doc.createComment(chars);
-             this.locator && position(this.locator, comm);
-             appendElement(this, comm);
-           },
-           startCDATA: function startCDATA() {
-             //used in characters() methods
-             this.cdata = true;
-           },
-           endCDATA: function endCDATA() {
-             this.cdata = false;
-           },
-           startDTD: function startDTD(name, publicId, systemId) {
-             var impl = this.doc.implementation;
+         function checkSearchResult() {
+           var first = context.container().select('.feature-list-item:nth-child(0n+2)'); // skip "No Results" item
 
-             if (impl && impl.createDocumentType) {
-               var dt = impl.createDocumentType(name, publicId, systemId);
-               this.locator && position(this.locator, dt);
-               appendElement(this, dt);
-             }
-           },
+           var firstName = first.select('.entity-name');
+           var name = _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street');
 
-           /**
-            * @see org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler
-            * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ErrorHandler.html
-            */
-           warning: function warning(error) {
-             console.warn('[xmldom warning]\t' + error, _locator(this.locator));
-           },
-           error: function error(_error) {
-             console.error('[xmldom error]\t' + _error, _locator(this.locator));
-           },
-           fatalError: function fatalError(error) {
-             console.error('[xmldom fatalError]\t' + error, _locator(this.locator));
-             throw error;
+           if (!firstName.empty() && firstName.html() === name) {
+             reveal(first.node(), helpHtml('intro.navigation.choose_street', {
+               name: name
+             }), {
+               duration: 300
+             });
+             context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(selectedStreet);
+             });
+             context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
            }
-         };
 
-         function _locator(l) {
-           if (l) {
-             return '\n@' + (l.systemId || '') + '#[line:' + l.lineNumber + ',col:' + l.columnNumber + ']';
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
          }
 
-         function _toString(chars, start, length) {
-           if (typeof chars == 'string') {
-             return chars.substr(start, length);
-           } else {
-             //java sax connect width xmldom on rhino(what about: "? && !(chars instanceof String)")
-             if (chars.length >= start + length || start) {
-               return new java.lang.String(chars, start, length) + '';
-             }
-
-             return chars;
+         function selectedStreet() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
+             return searchStreet();
            }
-         }
-         /*
-          * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ext/LexicalHandler.html
-          * used method of org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler:
-          *  #comment(chars, start, length)
-          *  #startCDATA()
-          *  #endCDATA()
-          *  #startDTD(name, publicId, systemId)
-          *
-          *
-          * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler:
-          *  #endDTD()
-          *  #startEntity(name)
-          *  #endEntity(name)
-          *
-          *
-          * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ext/DeclHandler.html
-          * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.ext.DeclHandler
-          *    #attributeDecl(eName, aName, type, mode, value)
-          *  #elementDecl(name, model)
-          *  #externalEntityDecl(name, publicId, systemId)
-          *  #internalEntityDecl(name, value)
-          * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ext/EntityResolver2.html
-          * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.EntityResolver2
-          *  #resolveEntity(String name,String publicId,String baseURI,String systemId)
-          *  #resolveEntity(publicId, systemId)
-          *  #getExternalSubset(name, baseURI)
-          * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/DTDHandler.html
-          * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.DTDHandler
-          *  #notationDecl(name, publicId, systemId) {};
-          *  #unparsedEntityDecl(name, publicId, systemId, notationName) {};
-          */
-
 
-         "endDTD,startEntity,endEntity,attributeDecl,elementDecl,externalEntityDecl,internalEntityDecl,resolveEntity,getExternalSubset,notationDecl,unparsedEntityDecl".replace(/\w+/g, function (key) {
-           DOMHandler.prototype[key] = function () {
-             return null;
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(editorStreet);
            };
-         });
-         /* Private static helpers treated below as private instance methods, so don't need to add these to the public API; we might use a Relator to also get rid of non-standard public properties */
 
-         function appendElement(hander, node) {
-           if (!hander.currentElement) {
-             hander.doc.appendChild(node);
-           } else {
-             hander.currentElement.appendChild(node);
-           }
-         } //appendChild and setAttributeNS are preformance key
-         //if(typeof require == 'function'){
-
-
-         var XMLReader = sax.XMLReader;
-         var DOMImplementation = exports.DOMImplementation = dom.DOMImplementation;
-         exports.XMLSerializer = dom.XMLSerializer;
-         exports.DOMParser = DOMParser; //}
-       });
-
-       var togeojson = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-         var toGeoJSON = function () {
-
-           var removeSpace = /\s*/g,
-               trimSpace = /^\s*|\s*$/g,
-               splitSpace = /\s+/; // generate a short, numeric hash of a string
-
-           function okhash(x) {
-             if (!x || !x.length) return 0;
+           var entity = context.entity(springStreetEndId);
+           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+           box.height = 500;
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_street', {
+             name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street')
+           }), {
+             duration: 600,
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId);
+               if (!entity) return;
+               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+               box.height = 500;
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_street', {
+                 name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street')
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0,
+                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+                 buttonCallback: onClick
+               });
+             });
+           }, 600); // after reveal.
 
-             for (var i = 0, h = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
-               h = (h << 5) - h + x.charCodeAt(i) | 0;
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
+               return continueTo(searchStreet);
              }
 
-             return h;
-           } // all Y children of X
-
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-           function get(x, y) {
-             return x.getElementsByTagName(y);
-           }
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== springStreetId) {
+               // keep Spring Street selected..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [springStreetId]));
+             }
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(searchStreet);
+               }, 300); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+             }
+           });
 
-           function attr(x, y) {
-             return x.getAttribute(y);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           function attrf(x, y) {
-             return parseFloat(attr(x, y));
-           } // one Y child of X, if any, otherwise null
-
-
-           function get1(x, y) {
-             var n = get(x, y);
-             return n.length ? n[0] : null;
-           } // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Node.normalize
+         function editorStreet() {
+           var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+           var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
+             button: icon(href, 'inline'),
+             field1: onewayField.label(),
+             field2: maxspeedField.label()
+           }));
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(play);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
+             var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+             var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
+               button: icon(href, 'inline'),
+               field1: onewayField.label(),
+               field2: maxspeedField.label()
+             }), {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           function norm(el) {
-             if (el.normalize) {
-               el.normalize();
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.navigation.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.points.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-point',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
              }
+           });
+         }
 
-             return el;
-           } // cast array x into numbers
-
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           dragMap();
+         };
 
-           function numarray(x) {
-             for (var j = 0, o = []; j < x.length; j++) {
-               o[j] = parseFloat(x[j]);
-             }
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+         };
 
-             return o;
-           } // get the content of a text node, if any
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           function nodeVal(x) {
-             if (x) {
-               norm(x);
-             }
+       function uiIntroPoint(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var timeouts = [];
+         var intersection = [-85.63279, 41.94394];
+         var building = [-85.632422, 41.944045];
+         var cafePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('amenity/cafe');
+         var _pointID = null;
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.points.title'
+         };
 
-             return x && x.textContent || '';
-           } // get the contents of multiple text nodes, if present
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         }
 
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
 
-           function getMulti(x, ys) {
-             var o = {},
-                 n,
-                 k;
+         function addPoint() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           var msec = transitionTime(intersection, context.map().center());
 
-             for (k = 0; k < ys.length; k++) {
-               n = get1(x, ys[k]);
-               if (n) o[ys[k]] = nodeVal(n);
-             }
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-             return o;
-           } // add properties of Y to X, overwriting if present in both
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(intersection, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-point', helpHtml('intro.points.points_info') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.points.add_point'));
+             _pointID = null;
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-points');
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-point') return;
+               continueTo(placePoint);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           function extend(x, y) {
-             for (var k in y) {
-               x[k] = y[k];
-             }
-           } // get one coordinate from a coordinate array, if any
+         function placePoint() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-point') {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
+           var pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
+           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'place_point' : 'place_point_touch';
+           reveal(pointBox, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId));
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
+             reveal(pointBox, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId), {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+             _pointID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
+             continueTo(searchPreset);
+           });
 
-           function coord1(v) {
-             return numarray(v.replace(removeSpace, '').split(','));
-           } // get all coordinates from a coordinate array as [[],[]]
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
+         function searchPreset() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return addPoint();
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-           function coord(v) {
-             var coords = v.replace(trimSpace, '').split(splitSpace),
-                 o = [];
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-               o.push(coord1(coords[i]));
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+           reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.points.search_cafe', {
+             preset: cafePreset.name()
+           }));
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+               return continueTo(addPoint);
              }
 
-             return o;
-           }
-
-           function coordPair(x) {
-             var ll = [attrf(x, 'lon'), attrf(x, 'lat')],
-                 ele = get1(x, 'ele'),
-                 // handle namespaced attribute in browser
-             heartRate = get1(x, 'gpxtpx:hr') || get1(x, 'hr'),
-                 time = get1(x, 'time'),
-                 e;
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-             if (ele) {
-               e = parseFloat(nodeVal(ele));
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _pointID) {
+               // keep the user's point selected..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_pointID])); // disallow scrolling
 
-               if (!isNaN(e)) {
-                 ll.push(e);
-               }
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+               reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.points.search_cafe', {
+                 preset: cafePreset.name()
+               }));
+               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
              }
+           });
 
-             return {
-               coordinates: ll,
-               time: time ? nodeVal(time) : null,
-               heartRate: heartRate ? parseFloat(nodeVal(heartRate)) : null
-             };
-           } // create a new feature collection parent object
-
+           function checkPresetSearch() {
+             var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
 
-           function fc() {
-             return {
-               type: 'FeatureCollection',
-               features: []
-             };
+             if (first.classed('preset-amenity-cafe')) {
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
+               reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(), helpHtml('intro.points.choose_cafe', {
+                 preset: cafePreset.name()
+               }), {
+                 duration: 300
+               });
+               context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+                 continueTo(aboutFeatureEditor);
+               });
+             }
            }
 
-           var serializer;
-
-           if (typeof XMLSerializer !== 'undefined') {
-             /* istanbul ignore next */
-             serializer = new XMLSerializer(); // only require xmldom in a node environment
-           } else if ( (typeof process === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(process)) === 'object' && !process.browser) {
-             serializer = new domParser.XMLSerializer();
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           function xml2str(str) {
-             // IE9 will create a new XMLSerializer but it'll crash immediately.
-             // This line is ignored because we don't run coverage tests in IE9
-
-             /* istanbul ignore next */
-             if (str.xml !== undefined) return str.xml;
-             return serializer.serializeToString(str);
+         function aboutFeatureEditor() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return addPoint();
            }
 
-           var t = {
-             kml: function kml(doc) {
-               var gj = fc(),
-                   // styleindex keeps track of hashed styles in order to match features
-               styleIndex = {},
-                   styleByHash = {},
-                   // stylemapindex keeps track of style maps to expose in properties
-               styleMapIndex = {},
-                   // atomic geospatial types supported by KML - MultiGeometry is
-               // handled separately
-               geotypes = ['Polygon', 'LineString', 'Point', 'Track', 'gx:Track'],
-                   // all root placemarks in the file
-               placemarks = get(doc, 'Placemark'),
-                   styles = get(doc, 'Style'),
-                   styleMaps = get(doc, 'StyleMap');
-
-               for (var k = 0; k < styles.length; k++) {
-                 var hash = okhash(xml2str(styles[k])).toString(16);
-                 styleIndex['#' + attr(styles[k], 'id')] = hash;
-                 styleByHash[hash] = styles[k];
-               }
-
-               for (var l = 0; l < styleMaps.length; l++) {
-                 styleIndex['#' + attr(styleMaps[l], 'id')] = okhash(xml2str(styleMaps[l])).toString(16);
-                 var pairs = get(styleMaps[l], 'Pair');
-                 var pairsMap = {};
-
-                 for (var m = 0; m < pairs.length; m++) {
-                   pairsMap[nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], 'key'))] = nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], 'styleUrl'));
-                 }
-
-                 styleMapIndex['#' + attr(styleMaps[l], 'id')] = pairsMap;
-               }
-
-               for (var j = 0; j < placemarks.length; j++) {
-                 gj.features = gj.features.concat(getPlacemark(placemarks[j]));
-               }
-
-               function kmlColor(v) {
-                 var color, opacity;
-                 v = v || '';
-
-                 if (v.substr(0, 1) === '#') {
-                   v = v.substr(1);
-                 }
-
-                 if (v.length === 6 || v.length === 3) {
-                   color = v;
-                 }
-
-                 if (v.length === 8) {
-                   opacity = parseInt(v.substr(0, 2), 16) / 255;
-                   color = '#' + v.substr(6, 2) + v.substr(4, 2) + v.substr(2, 2);
-                 }
-
-                 return [color, isNaN(opacity) ? undefined : opacity];
-               }
-
-               function gxCoord(v) {
-                 return numarray(v.split(' '));
-               }
-
-               function gxCoords(root) {
-                 var elems = get(root, 'coord'),
-                     coords = [],
-                     times = [];
-                 if (elems.length === 0) elems = get(root, 'gx:coord');
-
-                 for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i++) {
-                   coords.push(gxCoord(nodeVal(elems[i])));
-                 }
-
-                 var timeElems = get(root, 'when');
-
-                 for (var j = 0; j < timeElems.length; j++) {
-                   times.push(nodeVal(timeElems[j]));
-                 }
-
-                 return {
-                   coords: coords,
-                   times: times
-                 };
-               }
-
-               function getGeometry(root) {
-                 var geomNode,
-                     geomNodes,
-                     i,
-                     j,
-                     k,
-                     geoms = [],
-                     coordTimes = [];
-
-                 if (get1(root, 'MultiGeometry')) {
-                   return getGeometry(get1(root, 'MultiGeometry'));
-                 }
-
-                 if (get1(root, 'MultiTrack')) {
-                   return getGeometry(get1(root, 'MultiTrack'));
-                 }
-
-                 if (get1(root, 'gx:MultiTrack')) {
-                   return getGeometry(get1(root, 'gx:MultiTrack'));
-                 }
-
-                 for (i = 0; i < geotypes.length; i++) {
-                   geomNodes = get(root, geotypes[i]);
-
-                   if (geomNodes) {
-                     for (j = 0; j < geomNodes.length; j++) {
-                       geomNode = geomNodes[j];
-
-                       if (geotypes[i] === 'Point') {
-                         geoms.push({
-                           type: 'Point',
-                           coordinates: coord1(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, 'coordinates')))
-                         });
-                       } else if (geotypes[i] === 'LineString') {
-                         geoms.push({
-                           type: 'LineString',
-                           coordinates: coord(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, 'coordinates')))
-                         });
-                       } else if (geotypes[i] === 'Polygon') {
-                         var rings = get(geomNode, 'LinearRing'),
-                             coords = [];
-
-                         for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
-                           coords.push(coord(nodeVal(get1(rings[k], 'coordinates'))));
-                         }
-
-                         geoms.push({
-                           type: 'Polygon',
-                           coordinates: coords
-                         });
-                       } else if (geotypes[i] === 'Track' || geotypes[i] === 'gx:Track') {
-                         var track = gxCoords(geomNode);
-                         geoms.push({
-                           type: 'LineString',
-                           coordinates: track.coords
-                         });
-                         if (track.times.length) coordTimes.push(track.times);
-                       }
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
-
-                 return {
-                   geoms: geoms,
-                   coordTimes: coordTimes
-                 };
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.feature_editor'), {
+               tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+                 continueTo(addName);
                }
+             });
+           }, 400);
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
+             continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           });
 
-               function getPlacemark(root) {
-                 var geomsAndTimes = getGeometry(root),
-                     i,
-                     properties = {},
-                     name = nodeVal(get1(root, 'name')),
-                     address = nodeVal(get1(root, 'address')),
-                     styleUrl = nodeVal(get1(root, 'styleUrl')),
-                     description = nodeVal(get1(root, 'description')),
-                     timeSpan = get1(root, 'TimeSpan'),
-                     timeStamp = get1(root, 'TimeStamp'),
-                     extendedData = get1(root, 'ExtendedData'),
-                     lineStyle = get1(root, 'LineStyle'),
-                     polyStyle = get1(root, 'PolyStyle'),
-                     visibility = get1(root, 'visibility');
-                 if (!geomsAndTimes.geoms.length) return [];
-                 if (name) properties.name = name;
-                 if (address) properties.address = address;
-
-                 if (styleUrl) {
-                   if (styleUrl[0] !== '#') {
-                     styleUrl = '#' + styleUrl;
-                   }
-
-                   properties.styleUrl = styleUrl;
-
-                   if (styleIndex[styleUrl]) {
-                     properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleUrl];
-                   }
-
-                   if (styleMapIndex[styleUrl]) {
-                     properties.styleMapHash = styleMapIndex[styleUrl];
-                     properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleMapIndex[styleUrl].normal];
-                   } // Try to populate the lineStyle or polyStyle since we got the style hash
-
-
-                   var style = styleByHash[properties.styleHash];
-
-                   if (style) {
-                     if (!lineStyle) lineStyle = get1(style, 'LineStyle');
-                     if (!polyStyle) polyStyle = get1(style, 'PolyStyle');
-                   }
-                 }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                 if (description) properties.description = description;
+         function addName() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return addPoint();
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-                 if (timeSpan) {
-                   var begin = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, 'begin'));
-                   var end = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, 'end'));
-                   properties.timespan = {
-                     begin: begin,
-                     end: end
-                   };
-                 }
 
-                 if (timeStamp) {
-                   properties.timestamp = nodeVal(get1(timeStamp, 'when'));
-                 }
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           var addNameString = helpHtml('intro.points.fields_info') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.points.add_name');
+           timeout(function () {
+             // It's possible for the user to add a name in a previous step..
+             // If so, don't tell them to add the name in this step.
+             // Give them an OK button instead.
+             var entity = context.entity(_pointID);
 
-                 if (lineStyle) {
-                   var linestyles = kmlColor(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'color'))),
-                       color = linestyles[0],
-                       opacity = linestyles[1],
-                       width = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'width')));
-                   if (color) properties.stroke = color;
-                   if (!isNaN(opacity)) properties['stroke-opacity'] = opacity;
-                   if (!isNaN(width)) properties['stroke-width'] = width;
+             if (entity.tags.name) {
+               var tooltip = reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString, {
+                 tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
+                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+                 buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+                   continueTo(addCloseEditor);
                  }
+               });
+               tooltip.select('.instruction').style('display', 'none');
+             } else {
+               reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString, {
+                 tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe'
+               });
+             }
+           }, 400);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(addCloseEditor);
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
+             continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           });
 
-                 if (polyStyle) {
-                   var polystyles = kmlColor(nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, 'color'))),
-                       pcolor = polystyles[0],
-                       popacity = polystyles[1],
-                       fill = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, 'fill')),
-                       outline = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, 'outline'));
-                   if (pcolor) properties.fill = pcolor;
-                   if (!isNaN(popacity)) properties['fill-opacity'] = popacity;
-                   if (fill) properties['fill-opacity'] = fill === '1' ? properties['fill-opacity'] || 1 : 0;
-                   if (outline) properties['stroke-opacity'] = outline === '1' ? properties['stroke-opacity'] || 1 : 0;
-                 }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                 if (extendedData) {
-                   var datas = get(extendedData, 'Data'),
-                       simpleDatas = get(extendedData, 'SimpleData');
+         function addCloseEditor() {
+           // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+           var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           });
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.add_close', {
+             button: icon(href, 'inline')
+           }));
 
-                   for (i = 0; i < datas.length; i++) {
-                     properties[datas[i].getAttribute('name')] = nodeVal(get1(datas[i], 'value'));
-                   }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                   for (i = 0; i < simpleDatas.length; i++) {
-                     properties[simpleDatas[i].getAttribute('name')] = nodeVal(simpleDatas[i]);
-                   }
-                 }
+         function reselectPoint() {
+           if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+           if (!entity) return chapter.restart(); // make sure it's still a cafe, in case user somehow changed it..
 
-                 if (visibility) {
-                   properties.visibility = nodeVal(visibility);
-                 }
+           var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+           context.replace(actionChangePreset(_pointID, oldPreset, cafePreset));
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           var msec = transitionTime(entity.loc, context.map().center());
 
-                 if (geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length) {
-                   properties.coordTimes = geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length === 1 ? geomsAndTimes.coordTimes[0] : geomsAndTimes.coordTimes;
-                 }
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-                 var feature = {
-                   type: 'Feature',
-                   geometry: geomsAndTimes.geoms.length === 1 ? geomsAndTimes.geoms[0] : {
-                     type: 'GeometryCollection',
-                     geometries: geomsAndTimes.geoms
-                   },
-                   properties: properties
-                 };
-                 if (attr(root, 'id')) feature.id = attr(root, 'id');
-                 return [feature];
-               }
+           context.map().centerEase(entity.loc, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.reselect'), {
+               duration: 600
+             });
+             timeout(function () {
+               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+                 if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+                 var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+                 reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.reselect'), {
+                   duration: 0
+                 });
+               });
+             }, 600); // after reveal..
 
-               return gj;
-             },
-             gpx: function gpx(doc) {
-               var i,
-                   tracks = get(doc, 'trk'),
-                   routes = get(doc, 'rte'),
-                   waypoints = get(doc, 'wpt'),
-                   // a feature collection
-               gj = fc(),
-                   feature;
-
-               for (i = 0; i < tracks.length; i++) {
-                 feature = getTrack(tracks[i]);
-                 if (feature) gj.features.push(feature);
-               }
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               continueTo(updatePoint);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-               for (i = 0; i < routes.length; i++) {
-                 feature = getRoute(routes[i]);
-                 if (feature) gj.features.push(feature);
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               for (i = 0; i < waypoints.length; i++) {
-                 gj.features.push(getPoint(waypoints[i]));
-               }
+         function updatePoint() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to untag the point..
 
-               function getPoints(node, pointname) {
-                 var pts = get(node, pointname),
-                     line = [],
-                     times = [],
-                     heartRates = [],
-                     l = pts.length;
-                 if (l < 2) return {}; // Invalid line in GeoJSON
 
-                 for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                   var c = coordPair(pts[i]);
-                   line.push(c.coordinates);
-                   if (c.time) times.push(c.time);
-                   if (c.heartRate) heartRates.push(c.heartRate);
-                 }
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(updateCloseEditor);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.update'), {
+               tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe'
+             });
+           }, 400);
 
-                 return {
-                   line: line,
-                   times: times,
-                   heartRates: heartRates
-                 };
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               function getTrack(node) {
-                 var segments = get(node, 'trkseg'),
-                     track = [],
-                     times = [],
-                     heartRates = [],
-                     line;
+         function updateCloseEditor() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-                 for (var i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
-                   line = getPoints(segments[i], 'trkpt');
 
-                   if (line) {
-                     if (line.line) track.push(line.line);
-                     if (line.times && line.times.length) times.push(line.times);
-                     if (line.heartRates && line.heartRates.length) heartRates.push(line.heartRates);
-                   }
-                 }
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(rightClickPoint);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.update_close', {
+               button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
+             }));
+           }, 500);
 
-                 if (track.length === 0) return;
-                 var properties = getProperties(node);
-                 extend(properties, getLineStyle(get1(node, 'extensions')));
-                 if (times.length) properties.coordTimes = track.length === 1 ? times[0] : times;
-                 if (heartRates.length) properties.heartRates = track.length === 1 ? heartRates[0] : heartRates;
-                 return {
-                   type: 'Feature',
-                   properties: properties,
-                   geometry: {
-                     type: track.length === 1 ? 'LineString' : 'MultiLineString',
-                     coordinates: track.length === 1 ? track[0] : track
-                   }
-                 };
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               function getRoute(node) {
-                 var line = getPoints(node, 'rtept');
-                 if (!line.line) return;
-                 var prop = getProperties(node);
-                 extend(prop, getLineStyle(get1(node, 'extensions')));
-                 var routeObj = {
-                   type: 'Feature',
-                   properties: prop,
-                   geometry: {
-                     type: 'LineString',
-                     coordinates: line.line
-                   }
-                 };
-                 return routeObj;
-               }
+         function rightClickPoint() {
+           if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch';
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId), {
+             duration: 600
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+               if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId), {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+           }, 600); // after reveal
 
-               function getPoint(node) {
-                 var prop = getProperties(node);
-                 extend(prop, getMulti(node, ['sym']));
-                 return {
-                   type: 'Feature',
-                   properties: prop,
-                   geometry: {
-                     type: 'Point',
-                     coordinates: coordPair(node).coordinates
-                   }
-                 };
-               }
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _pointID) return;
+             timeout(function () {
+               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
+               if (!node) return;
+               continueTo(enterDelete);
+             }, 50); // after menu visible
+           });
 
-               function getLineStyle(extensions) {
-                 var style = {};
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                 if (extensions) {
-                   var lineStyle = get1(extensions, 'line');
+         function enterDelete() {
+           if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
 
-                   if (lineStyle) {
-                     var color = nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'color')),
-                         opacity = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'opacity'))),
-                         width = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'width')));
-                     if (color) style.stroke = color;
-                     if (!isNaN(opacity)) style['stroke-opacity'] = opacity; // GPX width is in mm, convert to px with 96 px per inch
+           if (!node) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickPoint);
+           }
 
-                     if (!isNaN(width)) style['stroke-width'] = width * 96 / 25.4;
-                   }
-                 }
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.points.delete'), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+               reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.points.delete'), {
+                 duration: 0,
+                 padding: 50
+               });
+             });
+           }, 300); // after menu visible
 
-                 return style;
-               }
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+             if (entity) return continueTo(rightClickPoint); // point still exists
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
+             if (changed.deleted().length) {
+               continueTo(undo);
+             }
+           });
 
-               function getProperties(node) {
-                 var prop = getMulti(node, ['name', 'cmt', 'desc', 'type', 'time', 'keywords']),
-                     links = get(node, 'link');
-                 if (links.length) prop.links = [];
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                 for (var i = 0, link; i < links.length; i++) {
-                   link = {
-                     href: attr(links[i], 'href')
-                   };
-                   extend(link, getMulti(links[i], ['text', 'type']));
-                   prop.links.push(link);
-                 }
+         function undo() {
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(play);
+           });
+           reveal('.top-toolbar button.undo-button', helpHtml('intro.points.undo'));
 
-                 return prop;
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               return gj;
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.points.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.areas.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-area',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
              }
-           };
-           return t;
-         }();
+           });
+         }
 
-         module.exports = toGeoJSON;
-       });
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           addPoint();
+         };
 
-       var _initialized = false;
-       var _enabled = false;
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+         };
 
-       var _geojson;
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
-       function svgData(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           dispatch.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-         var _showLabels = true;
-         var detected = utilDetect();
-         var layer = select(null);
+       function uiIntroArea(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var playground = [-85.63552, 41.94159];
+         var playgroundPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('leisure/playground');
+         var nameField = _mainPresetIndex.field('name');
+         var descriptionField = _mainPresetIndex.field('description');
+         var timeouts = [];
 
-         var _vtService;
+         var _areaID;
 
-         var _fileList;
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.areas.title'
+         };
 
-         var _template;
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         }
 
-         var _src;
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
 
-         function init() {
-           if (_initialized) return; // run once
+         function revealPlayground(center, text, options) {
+           var padding = 180 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
+           var box = pad(center, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, text, options);
+         }
 
-           _geojson = {};
-           _enabled = true;
+         function addArea() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           _areaID = null;
+           var msec = transitionTime(playground, context.map().center());
 
-           function over(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy';
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
            }
 
-           context.container().attr('dropzone', 'copy').on('drop.svgData', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             if (!detected.filedrop) return;
-             drawData.fileList(d3_event.dataTransfer.files);
-           }).on('dragenter.svgData', over).on('dragexit.svgData', over).on('dragover.svgData', over);
-           _initialized = true;
-         }
-
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.vectorTile && !_vtService) {
-             _vtService = services.vectorTile;
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(playground, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area', helpHtml('intro.areas.add_playground'));
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-areas');
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
+               continueTo(startPlayground);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-             _vtService.event.on('loadedData', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.vectorTile && _vtService) {
-             _vtService = null;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
-
-           return _vtService;
          }
 
-         function showLayer() {
-           layerOn();
-           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
-             dispatch.call('change');
-           });
-         }
+         function startPlayground() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
-         function hideLayer() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', layerOff);
-         }
+           _areaID = null;
+           context.map().zoomEase(19.5, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'starting_node_click' : 'starting_node_tap';
+             var startDrawString = helpHtml('intro.areas.start_playground') + helpHtml('intro.areas.' + textId);
+             revealPlayground(playground, startDrawString, {
+               duration: 250
+             });
+             timeout(function () {
+               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+                 revealPlayground(playground, startDrawString, {
+                   duration: 0
+                 });
+               });
+               context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+                 if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
+                 continueTo(continuePlayground);
+               });
+             }, 250); // after reveal
+           }, 550); // after easing
 
-         function layerOn() {
-           layer.style('display', 'block');
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         function layerOff() {
-           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
-           layer.style('display', 'none');
-         } // ensure that all geojson features in a collection have IDs
-
-
-         function ensureIDs(gj) {
-           if (!gj) return null;
-
-           if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
-             for (var i = 0; i < gj.features.length; i++) {
-               ensureFeatureID(gj.features[i]);
-             }
-           } else {
-             ensureFeatureID(gj);
+         function continuePlayground() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
+             return chapter.restart();
            }
 
-           return gj;
-         } // ensure that each single Feature object has a unique ID
-
-
-         function ensureFeatureID(feature) {
-           if (!feature) return;
-           feature.__featurehash__ = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
-           return feature;
-         } // Prefer an array of Features instead of a FeatureCollection
+           _areaID = null;
+           revealPlayground(playground, helpHtml('intro.areas.continue_playground'), {
+             duration: 250
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealPlayground(playground, helpHtml('intro.areas.continue_playground'), {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+           }, 250); // after reveal
 
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
 
-         function getFeatures(gj) {
-           if (!gj) return [];
+               if (entity && entity.nodes.length >= 6) {
+                 return continueTo(finishPlayground);
+               } else {
+                 return;
+               }
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
+               return continueTo(searchPresets);
+             } else {
+               return chapter.restart();
+             }
+           });
 
-           if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
-             return gj.features;
-           } else {
-             return [gj];
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
          }
 
-         function featureKey(d) {
-           return d.__featurehash__;
-         }
+         function finishPlayground() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
-         function isPolygon(d) {
-           return d.geometry.type === 'Polygon' || d.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon';
-         }
+           _areaID = null;
+           var finishString = helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_playground');
+           revealPlayground(playground, finishString, {
+             duration: 250
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealPlayground(playground, finishString, {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+           }, 250); // after reveal
 
-         function clipPathID(d) {
-           return 'ideditor-data-' + d.__featurehash__ + '-clippath';
-         }
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
+               return continueTo(searchPresets);
+             } else {
+               return chapter.restart();
+             }
+           });
 
-         function featureClasses(d) {
-           return ['data' + d.__featurehash__, d.geometry.type, isPolygon(d) ? 'area' : '', d.__layerID__ || ''].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         function drawData(selection) {
-           var vtService = getService();
-           var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
-           var getAreaPath = svgPath(projection, null, true).geojson;
-           var hasData = drawData.hasData();
-           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapdata').data(_enabled && hasData ? [0] : []);
-           layer.exit().remove();
-           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapdata').merge(layer);
-           var surface = context.surface();
-           if (!surface || surface.empty()) return; // not ready to draw yet, starting up
-           // Gather data
-
-           var geoData, polygonData;
-
-           if (_template && vtService) {
-             // fetch data from vector tile service
-             var sourceID = _template;
-             vtService.loadTiles(sourceID, _template, projection);
-             geoData = vtService.data(sourceID, projection);
-           } else {
-             geoData = getFeatures(_geojson);
+         function searchPresets() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
            }
 
-           geoData = geoData.filter(getPath);
-           polygonData = geoData.filter(isPolygon); // Draw clip paths for polygons
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-           var clipPaths = surface.selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-data').data(polygonData, featureKey);
-           clipPaths.exit().remove();
-           var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter().append('clipPath').attr('class', 'clipPath-data').attr('id', clipPathID);
-           clipPathsEnter.append('path');
-           clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter).selectAll('path').attr('d', getAreaPath); // Draw fill, shadow, stroke layers
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID]));
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-           var datagroups = layer.selectAll('g.datagroup').data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);
-           datagroups = datagroups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'datagroup datagroup-' + d;
-           }).merge(datagroups); // Draw paths
 
-           var pathData = {
-             fill: polygonData,
-             shadow: geoData,
-             stroke: geoData
-           };
-           var paths = datagroups.selectAll('path').data(function (layer) {
-             return pathData[layer];
-           }, featureKey); // exit
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+             reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.areas.search_playground', {
+               preset: playgroundPreset.name()
+             }));
+           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
 
-           paths.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+               return continueTo(addArea);
+             }
 
-           paths = paths.enter().append('path').attr('class', function (d) {
-             var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
-             return 'pathdata ' + datagroup + ' ' + featureClasses(d);
-           }).attr('clip-path', function (d) {
-             var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
-             return datagroup === 'fill' ? 'url(#' + clipPathID(d) + ')' : null;
-           }).merge(paths).attr('d', function (d) {
-             var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
-             return datagroup === 'fill' ? getAreaPath(d) : getPath(d);
-           }); // Draw labels
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-           layer.call(drawLabels, 'label-halo', geoData).call(drawLabels, 'label', geoData);
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+               // keep the user's area selected..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID])); // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
 
-           function drawLabels(selection, textClass, data) {
-             var labelPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
-             var labelData = data.filter(function (d) {
-               return _showLabels && d.properties && (d.properties.desc || d.properties.name);
-             });
-             var labels = selection.selectAll('text.' + textClass).data(labelData, featureKey); // exit
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%'); // disallow scrolling
 
-             labels.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+               reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.areas.search_playground', {
+                 preset: playgroundPreset.name()
+               }));
+               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             }
+           });
 
-             labels = labels.enter().append('text').attr('class', function (d) {
-               return textClass + ' ' + featureClasses(d);
-             }).merge(labels).text(function (d) {
-               return d.properties.desc || d.properties.name;
-             }).attr('x', function (d) {
-               var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
-               return centroid[0] + 11;
-             }).attr('y', function (d) {
-               var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
-               return centroid[1];
-             });
+           function checkPresetSearch() {
+             var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
+
+             if (first.classed('preset-leisure-playground')) {
+               reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(), helpHtml('intro.areas.choose_playground', {
+                 preset: playgroundPreset.name()
+               }), {
+                 duration: 300
+               });
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
+               context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+                 continueTo(clickAddField);
+               });
+             }
            }
-         }
 
-         function getExtension(fileName) {
-           if (!fileName) return;
-           var re = /\.(gpx|kml|(geo)?json)$/i;
-           var match = fileName.toLowerCase().match(re);
-           return match && match.length && match[0];
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         function xmlToDom(textdata) {
-           return new DOMParser().parseFromString(textdata, 'text/xml');
-         }
+         function clickAddField() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
+           }
 
-         drawData.setFile = function (extension, data) {
-           _template = null;
-           _fileList = null;
-           _geojson = null;
-           _src = null;
-           var gj;
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-           switch (extension) {
-             case '.gpx':
-               gj = togeojson.gpx(xmlToDom(data));
-               break;
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             return searchPresets();
+           }
 
-             case '.kml':
-               gj = togeojson.kml(xmlToDom(data));
-               break;
+           if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
+             return continueTo(describePlayground);
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-             case '.geojson':
-             case '.json':
-               gj = JSON.parse(data);
-               break;
-           }
 
-           gj = gj || {};
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%'); // It's possible for the user to add a description in a previous step..
+             // If they did this already, just continue to next step.
 
-           if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
-             _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
-             _src = extension + ' data file';
-             this.fitZoom();
-           }
+             var entity = context.entity(_areaID);
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
+             if (entity.tags.description) {
+               return continueTo(play);
+             } // scroll "Add field" into view
 
-         drawData.showLabels = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _showLabels;
-           _showLabels = val;
-           return this;
-         };
 
-         drawData.enabled = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _enabled;
-           _enabled = val;
+             var box = context.container().select('.more-fields').node().getBoundingClientRect();
 
-           if (_enabled) {
-             showLayer();
-           } else {
-             hideLayer();
-           }
+             if (box.top > 300) {
+               var pane = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
+               var start = pane.node().scrollTop;
+               var end = start + (box.top - 300);
+               pane.transition().duration(250).tween('scroll.inspector', function () {
+                 var node = this;
+                 var i = d3_interpolateNumber(start, end);
+                 return function (t) {
+                   node.scrollTop = i(t);
+                 };
+               });
+             }
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
+             timeout(function () {
+               reveal('.more-fields .combobox-input', helpHtml('intro.areas.add_field', {
+                 name: nameField.label(),
+                 description: descriptionField.label()
+               }), {
+                 duration: 300
+               });
+               context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', function () {
+                 // Watch for the combobox to appear...
+                 var watcher;
+                 watcher = window.setInterval(function () {
+                   if (!context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
+                     window.clearInterval(watcher);
+                     continueTo(chooseDescriptionField);
+                   }
+                 }, 300);
+               });
+             }, 300); // after "Add Field" visible
+           }, 400); // after editor pane visible
 
-         drawData.hasData = function () {
-           var gj = _geojson || {};
-           return !!(_template || Object.keys(gj).length);
-         };
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return continueTo(searchPresets);
+           });
 
-         drawData.template = function (val, src) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _template; // test source against OSM imagery blocklists..
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           var osm = context.connection();
+         function chooseDescriptionField() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
+           }
 
-           if (osm) {
-             var blocklists = osm.imageryBlocklists();
-             var fail = false;
-             var tested = 0;
-             var regex;
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < blocklists.length; i++) {
-               regex = blocklists[i];
-               fail = regex.test(val);
-               tested++;
-               if (fail) break;
-             } // ensure at least one test was run.
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             return searchPresets();
+           }
 
+           if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
+             return continueTo(describePlayground);
+           } // Make sure combobox is ready..
 
-             if (!tested) {
-               regex = /.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/;
-               fail = regex.test(val);
-             }
-           }
 
-           _template = val;
-           _fileList = null;
-           _geojson = null; // strip off the querystring/hash from the template,
-           // it often includes the access token
+           if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
+             return continueTo(clickAddField);
+           } // Watch for the combobox to go away..
 
-           _src = src || 'vectortile:' + val.split(/[?#]/)[0];
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
 
-         drawData.geojson = function (gj, src) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _geojson;
-           _template = null;
-           _fileList = null;
-           _geojson = null;
-           _src = null;
-           gj = gj || {};
+           var watcher;
+           watcher = window.setInterval(function () {
+             if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
+               window.clearInterval(watcher);
+               timeout(function () {
+                 if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
+                   continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
+                 } else {
+                   continueTo(describePlayground);
+                 }
+               }, 300); // after description field added.
+             }
+           }, 300);
+           reveal('div.combobox', helpHtml('intro.areas.choose_field', {
+             field: descriptionField.label()
+           }), {
+             duration: 300
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return continueTo(searchPresets);
+           });
 
-           if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
-             _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
-             _src = src || 'unknown.geojson';
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             if (watcher) window.clearInterval(watcher);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
-
-         drawData.fileList = function (fileList) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _fileList;
-           _template = null;
-           _fileList = fileList;
-           _geojson = null;
-           _src = null;
-           if (!fileList || !fileList.length) return this;
-           var f = fileList[0];
-           var extension = getExtension(f.name);
-           var reader = new FileReader();
+         function describePlayground() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
+           }
 
-           reader.onload = function () {
-             return function (e) {
-               drawData.setFile(extension, e.target.result);
-             };
-           }();
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-           reader.readAsText(f);
-           return this;
-         };
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             return searchPresets();
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-         drawData.url = function (url, defaultExtension) {
-           _template = null;
-           _fileList = null;
-           _geojson = null;
-           _src = null; // strip off any querystring/hash from the url before checking extension
 
-           var testUrl = url.split(/[?#]/)[0];
-           var extension = getExtension(testUrl) || defaultExtension;
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
 
-           if (extension) {
-             _template = null;
-             d3_text(url).then(function (data) {
-               drawData.setFile(extension, data);
-             })["catch"](function () {
-               /* ignore */
-             });
-           } else {
-             drawData.template(url);
+           if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
+             return continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
            }
 
-           return this;
-         };
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(play);
+           });
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.areas.describe_playground', {
+             button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
+           }), {
+             duration: 300
+           });
 
-         drawData.getSrc = function () {
-           return _src || '';
-         };
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-         drawData.fitZoom = function () {
-           var features = getFeatures(_geojson);
-           if (!features.length) return;
-           var map = context.map();
-           var viewport = map.trimmedExtent().polygon();
-           var coords = features.reduce(function (coords, feature) {
-             var geom = feature.geometry;
-             if (!geom) return coords;
-             var c = geom.coordinates;
-             /* eslint-disable no-fallthrough */
+         function retryChooseDescription() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
+           }
 
-             switch (geom.type) {
-               case 'Point':
-                 c = [c];
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-               case 'MultiPoint':
-               case 'LineString':
-                 break;
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             return searchPresets();
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-               case 'MultiPolygon':
-                 c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
 
-               case 'Polygon':
-               case 'MultiLineString':
-                 c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
-                 break;
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.areas.retry_add_field', {
+             field: descriptionField.label()
+           }), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(clickAddField);
              }
-             /* eslint-enable no-fallthrough */
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return continueTo(searchPresets);
+           });
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-             return utilArrayUnion(coords, c);
-           }, []);
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.areas.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.lines.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-line',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           if (!geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, coords, true)) {
-             var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds({
-               type: 'LineString',
-               coordinates: coords
-             }));
-             map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
-           }
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           addArea();
+         };
 
-           return this;
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
          };
 
-         init();
-         return drawData;
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
+
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function svgDebug(projection, context) {
-         function drawDebug(selection) {
-           var showTile = context.getDebug('tile');
-           var showCollision = context.getDebug('collision');
-           var showImagery = context.getDebug('imagery');
-           var showTouchTargets = context.getDebug('target');
-           var showDownloaded = context.getDebug('downloaded');
-           var debugData = [];
+       function uiIntroLine(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var timeouts = [];
+         var _tulipRoadID = null;
+         var flowerRoadID = 'w646';
+         var tulipRoadStart = [-85.6297754121684, 41.95805253325314];
+         var tulipRoadMidpoint = [-85.62975395449628, 41.95787501510204];
+         var tulipRoadIntersection = [-85.62974496187628, 41.95742515554585];
+         var roadCategory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-road_minor');
+         var residentialPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('highway/residential');
+         var woodRoadID = 'w525';
+         var woodRoadEndID = 'n2862';
+         var woodRoadAddNode = [-85.62390110349587, 41.95397111462291];
+         var woodRoadDragEndpoint = [-85.623867390213, 41.95466987786487];
+         var woodRoadDragMidpoint = [-85.62386254803509, 41.95430395953872];
+         var washingtonStreetID = 'w522';
+         var twelfthAvenueID = 'w1';
+         var eleventhAvenueEndID = 'n3550';
+         var twelfthAvenueEndID = 'n5';
+         var _washingtonSegmentID = null;
+         var eleventhAvenueEnd = context.entity(eleventhAvenueEndID).loc;
+         var twelfthAvenueEnd = context.entity(twelfthAvenueEndID).loc;
+         var deleteLinesLoc = [-85.6219395542764, 41.95228033922477];
+         var twelfthAvenue = [-85.62219310052491, 41.952505413152956];
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.lines.title'
+         };
 
-           if (showTile) {
-             debugData.push({
-               "class": 'red',
-               label: 'tile'
-             });
-           }
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         }
 
-           if (showCollision) {
-             debugData.push({
-               "class": 'yellow',
-               label: 'collision'
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
+
+         function addLine() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           var msec = transitionTime(tulipRoadStart, context.map().center());
+
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
              });
            }
 
-           if (showImagery) {
-             debugData.push({
-               "class": 'orange',
-               label: 'imagery'
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(tulipRoadStart, 18.5, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-line', helpHtml('intro.lines.add_line'));
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-lines');
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-line') return;
+               continueTo(startLine);
              });
+           }, msec + 100);
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           if (showTouchTargets) {
-             debugData.push({
-               "class": 'pink',
-               label: 'touchTargets'
+         function startLine() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-line') return chapter.restart();
+           _tulipRoadID = null;
+           var padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
+           box.height = box.height + 100;
+           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'start_line' : 'start_line_tap';
+           var startLineString = helpHtml('intro.lines.missing_road') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.lines.line_draw_info') + helpHtml('intro.lines.' + textId);
+           reveal(box, startLineString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
+             box.height = box.height + 100;
+             reveal(box, startLineString, {
+               duration: 0
              });
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
+             continueTo(drawLine);
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           if (showDownloaded) {
-             debugData.push({
-               "class": 'purple',
-               label: 'downloaded'
+         function drawLine() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
+           _tulipRoadID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
+           context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadMidpoint, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
+             var box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
+             box.height = box.height * 2;
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.intersect', {
+               name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street')
+             }));
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
+               box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
+               box.height = box.height * 2;
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.intersect', {
+                 name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street')
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
              });
-           }
+           }, 550); // after easing..
 
-           var legend = context.container().select('.main-content').selectAll('.debug-legend').data(debugData.length ? [0] : []);
-           legend.exit().remove();
-           legend = legend.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'fillD debug-legend').merge(legend);
-           var legendItems = legend.selectAll('.debug-legend-item').data(debugData, function (d) {
-             return d.label;
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (isLineConnected()) {
+               continueTo(continueLine);
+             }
            });
-           legendItems.exit().remove();
-           legendItems.enter().append('span').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "debug-legend-item ".concat(d["class"]);
-           }).text(function (d) {
-             return d.label;
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-line') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               continueTo(retryIntersect);
+               return;
+             } else {
+               return chapter.restart();
+             }
            });
-           var layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-debug').data(showImagery || showDownloaded ? [0] : []);
-           layer.exit().remove();
-           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-debug').merge(layer); // imagery
 
-           var extent = context.map().extent();
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery').then(function (d) {
-             var hits = showImagery && d.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true) || [];
-             var features = hits.map(function (d) {
-               return d.features[d.id];
-             });
-             var imagery = layer.selectAll('path.debug-imagery').data(features);
-             imagery.exit().remove();
-             imagery.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'debug-imagery debug orange');
-           })["catch"](function () {
-             /* ignore */
-           }); // downloaded
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           var dataDownloaded = [];
+         function isLineConnected() {
+           var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
 
-           if (osm && showDownloaded) {
-             var rtree = osm.caches('get').tile.rtree;
-             dataDownloaded = rtree.all().map(function (bbox) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'Feature',
-                 properties: {
-                   id: bbox.id
-                 },
-                 geometry: {
-                   type: 'Polygon',
-                   coordinates: [[[bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.minX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.minY], [bbox.minX, bbox.minY]]]
-                 }
-               };
+           if (!entity) return false;
+           var drawNodes = context.graph().childNodes(entity);
+           return drawNodes.some(function (node) {
+             return context.graph().parentWays(node).some(function (parent) {
+               return parent.id === flowerRoadID;
              });
-           }
+           });
+         }
 
-           var downloaded = layer.selectAll('path.debug-downloaded').data(showDownloaded ? dataDownloaded : []);
-           downloaded.exit().remove();
-           downloaded.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'debug-downloaded debug purple'); // update
+         function retryIntersect() {
+           select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', eventCancel, true);
+           var box = pad(tulipRoadIntersection, 80, context);
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_intersect', {
+             name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street')
+           }));
+           timeout(chapter.restart, 3000);
+         }
 
-           layer.selectAll('path').attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
-         } // This looks strange because `enabled` methods on other layers are
-         // chainable getter/setters, and this one is just a getter.
+         function continueLine() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
 
+           var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
 
-         drawDebug.enabled = function () {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return context.getDebug('tile') || context.getDebug('collision') || context.getDebug('imagery') || context.getDebug('target') || context.getDebug('downloaded');
-           } else {
-             return this;
+           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+           context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadIntersection, 500);
+           var continueLineText = helpHtml('intro.lines.continue_line') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.lines.finish_line_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.lines.finish_road');
+           reveal('.surface', continueLineText);
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-line') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               return continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad);
+             } else {
+               return chapter.restart();
+             }
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
-         };
+         }
 
-         return drawDebug;
-       }
+         function chooseCategoryRoad() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           });
+           var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .preset-list-button');
+           if (button.empty()) return chapter.restart(); // disallow scrolling
 
-       /*
-           A standalone SVG element that contains only a `defs` sub-element. To be
-           used once globally, since defs IDs must be unique within a document.
-       */
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.lines.choose_category_road', {
+               category: roadCategory.name()
+             }));
+             button.on('click.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(choosePresetResidential);
+             });
+           }, 400); // after editor pane visible
 
-       function svgDefs(context) {
-         var _defsSelection = select(null);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-         var _spritesheetIds = ['iD-sprite', 'maki-sprite', 'temaki-sprite', 'fa-sprite', 'community-sprite'];
+         function choosePresetResidential() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           });
+           var subgrid = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .subgrid');
+           if (subgrid.empty()) return chapter.restart();
+           subgrid.selectAll(':not(.preset-highway-residential) .preset-list-button').on('click.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(retryPresetResidential);
+           });
+           subgrid.selectAll('.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button').on('click.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(nameRoad);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal(subgrid.node(), helpHtml('intro.lines.choose_preset_residential', {
+               preset: residentialPreset.name()
+             }), {
+               tooltipBox: '.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button',
+               duration: 300
+             });
+           }, 300);
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         } // selected wrong road type
 
-         function drawDefs(selection) {
-           _defsSelection = selection.append('defs'); // add markers
 
-           _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-oneway-marker').attr('viewBox', '0 0 10 5').attr('refX', 2.5).attr('refY', 2.5).attr('markerWidth', 2).attr('markerHeight', 2).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'oneway-marker-path').attr('d', 'M 5,3 L 0,3 L 0,2 L 5,2 L 5,0 L 10,2.5 L 5,5 z').attr('stroke', 'none').attr('fill', '#000').attr('opacity', '0.75'); // SVG markers have to be given a colour where they're defined
-           // (they can't inherit it from the line they're attached to),
-           // so we need to manually define markers for each color of tag
-           // (also, it's slightly nicer if we can control the
-           // positioning for different tags)
+         function retryPresetResidential() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }); // disallow scrolling
 
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var button = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .preset-list-button');
+             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_preset_residential', {
+               preset: residentialPreset.name()
+             }));
+             button.on('click.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad);
+             });
+           }, 500);
 
-           function addSidedMarker(name, color, offset) {
-             _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-sided-marker-' + name).attr('viewBox', '0 0 2 2').attr('refX', 1).attr('refY', -offset).attr('markerWidth', 1.5).attr('markerHeight', 1.5).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'sided-marker-path sided-marker-' + name + '-path').attr('d', 'M 0,0 L 1,1 L 2,0 z').attr('stroke', 'none').attr('fill', color);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           addSidedMarker('natural', 'rgb(170, 170, 170)', 0); // for a coastline, the arrows are (somewhat unintuitively) on
-           // the water side, so let's color them blue (with a gap) to
-           // give a stronger indication
+         function nameRoad() {
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(didNameRoad);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.lines.name_road', {
+               button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
+             }), {
+               tooltipClass: 'intro-lines-name_road'
+             });
+           }, 500);
 
-           addSidedMarker('coastline', '#77dede', 1);
-           addSidedMarker('waterway', '#77dede', 1); // barriers have a dashed line, and separating the triangle
-           // from the line visually suits that
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           addSidedMarker('barrier', '#ddd', 1);
-           addSidedMarker('man_made', '#fff', 0);
+         function didNameRoad() {
+           context.history().checkpoint('doneAddLine');
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.lines.did_name_road'), {
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+                 continueTo(updateLine);
+               }
+             });
+           }, 500);
 
-           _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker').attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16').attr('refX', 8).attr('refY', 16).attr('markerWidth', 4).attr('markerHeight', 4).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path').attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z').attr('fill', '#333').attr('fill-opacity', '0.75').attr('stroke', '#fff').attr('stroke-width', '0.5px').attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75');
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker-wireframe').attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16').attr('refX', 8).attr('refY', 16).attr('markerWidth', 4).attr('markerHeight', 4).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path').attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z').attr('fill', 'none').attr('stroke', '#fff').attr('stroke-width', '0.5px').attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75'); // add patterns
+         function updateLine() {
+           context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
 
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
-           var patterns = _defsSelection.selectAll('pattern').data([// pattern name, pattern image name
-           ['beach', 'dots'], ['construction', 'construction'], ['cemetery', 'cemetery'], ['cemetery_christian', 'cemetery_christian'], ['cemetery_buddhist', 'cemetery_buddhist'], ['cemetery_muslim', 'cemetery_muslim'], ['cemetery_jewish', 'cemetery_jewish'], ['farmland', 'farmland'], ['farmyard', 'farmyard'], ['forest', 'forest'], ['forest_broadleaved', 'forest_broadleaved'], ['forest_needleleaved', 'forest_needleleaved'], ['forest_leafless', 'forest_leafless'], ['golf_green', 'grass'], ['grass', 'grass'], ['landfill', 'landfill'], ['meadow', 'grass'], ['orchard', 'orchard'], ['pond', 'pond'], ['quarry', 'quarry'], ['scrub', 'bushes'], ['vineyard', 'vineyard'], ['water_standing', 'lines'], ['waves', 'waves'], ['wetland', 'wetland'], ['wetland_marsh', 'wetland_marsh'], ['wetland_swamp', 'wetland_swamp'], ['wetland_bog', 'wetland_bog'], ['wetland_reedbed', 'wetland_reedbed']]).enter().append('pattern').attr('id', function (d) {
-             return 'ideditor-pattern-' + d[0];
-           }).attr('width', 32).attr('height', 32).attr('patternUnits', 'userSpaceOnUse');
+           var msec = transitionTime(woodRoadDragMidpoint, context.map().center());
 
-           patterns.append('rect').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('width', 32).attr('height', 32).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'pattern-color-' + d[0];
-           });
-           patterns.append('image').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('width', 32).attr('height', 32).attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             return context.imagePath('pattern/' + d[1] + '.png');
-           }); // add clip paths
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-           _defsSelection.selectAll('clipPath').data([12, 18, 20, 32, 45]).enter().append('clipPath').attr('id', function (d) {
-             return 'ideditor-clip-square-' + d;
-           }).append('rect').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('width', function (d) {
-             return d;
-           }).attr('height', function (d) {
-             return d;
-           }); // add symbol spritesheets
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(woodRoadDragMidpoint, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
 
+             var advance = function advance() {
+               continueTo(addNode);
+             };
 
-           addSprites(_spritesheetIds, true);
-         }
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.update_line'), {
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: advance
+             });
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+               var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.update_line'), {
+                 duration: 0,
+                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+                 buttonCallback: advance
+               });
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-         function addSprites(ids, overrideColors) {
-           _spritesheetIds = utilArrayUniq(_spritesheetIds.concat(ids));
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           var spritesheets = _defsSelection.selectAll('.spritesheet').data(_spritesheetIds);
+         function addNode() {
+           context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
 
-           spritesheets.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'spritesheet spritesheet-' + d;
-           }).each(function (d) {
-             var url = context.imagePath(d + '.svg');
-             var node = select(this).node();
-             svg(url).then(function (svg) {
-               node.appendChild(select(svg.documentElement).attr('id', 'ideditor-' + d).node());
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
-               if (overrideColors && d !== 'iD-sprite') {
-                 // allow icon colors to be overridden..
-                 select(node).selectAll('path').attr('fill', 'currentColor');
-               }
-             })["catch"](function () {
-               /* ignore */
+           var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
+           var addNodeString = helpHtml('intro.lines.add_node' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
+           reveal(box, addNodeString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, addNodeString, {
+               duration: 0
              });
            });
-           spritesheets.exit().remove();
-         }
-
-         drawDefs.addSprites = addSprites;
-         return drawDefs;
-       }
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
 
-       var _layerEnabled = false;
+             if (changed.created().length === 1) {
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(startDragEndpoint);
+               }, 500);
+             }
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') {
+               continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
+           });
 
-       var _qaService;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-       function svgKeepRight(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           return dispatch.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
+         function startDragEndpoint() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(updateLine);
+           }
 
-         var minZoom = 12;
-         var touchLayer = select(null);
-         var drawLayer = select(null);
-         var layerVisible = false;
+           var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+           var startDragString = helpHtml('intro.lines.start_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch')) + helpHtml('intro.lines.drag_to_intersection');
+           reveal(box, startDragString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
 
-         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-4, -24)').attr('d', 'M11.6,6.2H7.1l1.4-5.1C8.6,0.6,8.1,0,7.5,0H2.2C1.7,0,1.3,0.3,1.3,0.8L0,10.2c-0.1,0.6,0.4,1.1,0.9,1.1h4.6l-1.8,7.6C3.6,19.4,4.1,20,4.7,20c0.3,0,0.6-0.2,0.8-0.5l6.9-11.9C12.7,7,12.3,6.2,11.6,6.2z');
-         } // Loosely-coupled keepRight service for fetching issues.
+             var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, startDragString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+             var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
 
+             if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) <= 4) {
+               continueTo(finishDragEndpoint);
+             }
+           });
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.keepRight && !_qaService) {
-             _qaService = services.keepRight;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-             _qaService.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.keepRight && _qaService) {
-             _qaService = null;
+         function finishDragEndpoint() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(updateLine);
            }
 
-           return _qaService;
-         } // Show the markers
+           var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+           var finishDragString = helpHtml('intro.lines.spot_looks_good') + helpHtml('intro.lines.finish_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
+           reveal(box, finishDragString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
 
+             var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, finishDragString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+             var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
 
-         function editOn() {
-           if (!layerVisible) {
-             layerVisible = true;
-             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
+             if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) > 4) {
+               continueTo(startDragEndpoint);
+             }
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(startDragMidpoint);
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
-         } // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
+         }
 
+         function startDragMidpoint() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(updateLine);
+           }
 
-         function editOff() {
-           if (layerVisible) {
-             layerVisible = false;
-             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
-             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').remove();
-             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').remove();
+           if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(woodRoadID) === -1) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
            }
-         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
 
+           var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'));
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
 
-         function layerOn() {
-           editOn();
-           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             return dispatch.call('change');
+             var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'), {
+               duration: 0
+             });
            });
-         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
-
-
-         function layerOff() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           drawLayer.interrupt();
-           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').remove();
-           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             editOff();
-             dispatch.call('change');
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
+             if (changed.created().length === 1) {
+               continueTo(continueDragMidpoint);
+             }
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') {
+               // keep Wood Road selected so midpoint triangles are drawn..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
+             }
            });
-         } // Update the issue markers
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-         function updateMarkers() {
-           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled) return;
-           var service = getService();
-           var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
-           var data = service ? service.getItems(projection) : [];
-           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
+         function continueDragMidpoint() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(updateLine);
+           }
 
-           var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+           var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+           box.height += 400;
 
-           markers.exit().remove(); // enter
+           var advance = function advance() {
+             context.history().checkpoint('doneUpdateLine');
+             continueTo(deleteLines);
+           };
 
-           var markersEnter = markers.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.parentIssueType);
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: advance
            });
-           markersEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0.5).attr('cy', 1).attr('rx', 6.5).attr('ry', 3).attr('class', 'stroke');
-           markersEnter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-           markersEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'qaItem-fill').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-bolt'); // update
-
-           markers.merge(markersEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
-             return d.id === selectedID;
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
-
-           if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
-           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
-
-           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
 
-           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " target ").concat(fillClass, " itemId-").concat(d.id);
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+             var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+             box.height += 400;
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: advance
+             });
+           });
 
-           function sortY(a, b) {
-             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : a.severity === 'error' && b.severity !== 'error' ? 1 : b.severity === 'error' && a.severity !== 'error' ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
-         } // Draw the keepRight layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
-
+         }
 
-         function drawKeepRight(selection) {
-           var service = getService();
-           var surface = context.surface();
+         function deleteLines() {
+           context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
 
-           if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
-             touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
+           if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return chapter.restart();
            }
 
-           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-keepRight').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           drawLayer.exit().remove();
-           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-keepRight').style('display', _layerEnabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
+           var msec = transitionTime(deleteLinesLoc, context.map().center());
 
-           if (_layerEnabled) {
-             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-               editOn();
-               service.loadIssues(projection);
-               updateMarkers();
-             } else {
-               editOff();
-             }
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
            }
-         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(deleteLinesLoc, 18, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
+             box.top -= 200;
+             box.height += 400;
 
-         drawKeepRight.enabled = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled;
-           _layerEnabled = val;
+             var advance = function advance() {
+               continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+             };
 
-           if (_layerEnabled) {
-             layerOn();
-           } else {
-             layerOff();
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.delete_lines', {
+               street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue')
+             }), {
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: advance
+             });
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
+               box.top -= 200;
+               box.height += 400;
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.delete_lines', {
+                 street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue')
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0,
+                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+                 buttonCallback: advance
+               });
+             });
+             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(deleteLines);
+               }, 500); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-             if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-             }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
+         function rightClickIntersection() {
+           context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);
+           var rightClickString = helpHtml('intro.lines.split_street', {
+             street1: _t('intro.graph.name.11th-avenue'),
+             street2: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
+           }) + helpHtml('intro.lines.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_intersection' : 'edit_menu_intersection_touch'));
+           timeout(function () {
+             var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, rightClickString);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+               reveal(box, rightClickString, {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+               if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== eleventhAvenueEndID) return;
+               timeout(function () {
+                 var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
+                 if (!node) return;
+                 continueTo(splitIntersection);
+               }, 50); // after menu visible
+             });
+             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(deleteLines);
+               }, 300); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+             });
+           }, 600);
 
-         drawKeepRight.supported = function () {
-           return !!getService();
-         };
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function splitIntersection() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(deleteLines);
+           }
 
-         return drawKeepRight;
-       }
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
 
-       function svgGeolocate(projection) {
-         var layer = select(null);
+           if (!node) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           }
 
-         var _position;
+           var wasChanged = false;
+           _washingtonSegmentID = null;
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.split_intersection', {
+             street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
+           }), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
 
-         function init() {
-           if (svgGeolocate.initialized) return; // run once
+             if (!wasChanged && !node) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+             }
 
-           svgGeolocate.enabled = false;
-           svgGeolocate.initialized = true;
-         }
+             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.split_intersection', {
+               street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
+             }), {
+               duration: 0,
+               padding: 50
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
+             wasChanged = true;
+             timeout(function () {
+               if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.split.annotation.line', {
+                 n: 1
+               })) {
+                 _washingtonSegmentID = changed.created()[0].id;
+                 continueTo(didSplit);
+               } else {
+                 _washingtonSegmentID = null;
+                 continueTo(retrySplit);
+               }
+             }, 300); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+           });
 
-         function showLayer() {
-           layer.style('display', 'block');
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         function hideLayer() {
-           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0);
-         }
+         function retrySplit() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);
 
-         function layerOn() {
-           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1);
-         }
+           var advance = function advance() {
+             continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           };
 
-         function layerOff() {
-           layer.style('display', 'none');
-         }
+           var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_split'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: advance
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_split'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: advance
+             });
+           });
 
-         function transform(d) {
-           return svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         function accuracy(accuracy, loc) {
-           // converts accuracy to pixels...
-           var degreesRadius = geoMetersToLat(accuracy),
-               tangentLoc = [loc[0], loc[1] + degreesRadius],
-               projectedTangent = projection(tangentLoc),
-               projectedLoc = projection([loc[0], loc[1]]); // southern most point will have higher pixel value...
+         function didSplit() {
+           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           }
 
-           return Math.round(projectedLoc[1] - projectedTangent[1]).toString();
-         }
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           var string = 'intro.lines.did_split_' + (ids.length > 1 ? 'multi' : 'single');
+           var street = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+           var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+           box.width = box.width / 2;
+           reveal(box, helpHtml(string, {
+             street1: street,
+             street2: street
+           }), {
+             duration: 500
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+               box.width = box.width / 2;
+               reveal(box, helpHtml(string, {
+                 street1: street,
+                 street2: street
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+           }, 600); // after initial reveal and curtain cut
 
-         function update() {
-           var geolocation = {
-             loc: [_position.coords.longitude, _position.coords.latitude]
-           };
-           var groups = layer.selectAll('.geolocations').selectAll('.geolocation').data([geolocation]);
-           groups.exit().remove();
-           var pointsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'geolocation');
-           pointsEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'geolocate-radius').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)').attr('fill-opacity', '0.3').attr('r', '0');
-           pointsEnter.append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)').attr('stroke', 'white').attr('stroke-width', '1.5').attr('r', '6');
-           groups.merge(pointsEnter).attr('transform', transform);
-           layer.select('.geolocate-radius').attr('r', accuracy(_position.coords.accuracy, geolocation.loc));
-         }
+           context.on('enter.intro', function () {
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-         function drawLocation(selection) {
-           var enabled = svgGeolocate.enabled;
-           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-geolocate').data([0]);
-           layer.exit().remove();
-           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-geolocate').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
-           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'geolocations');
-           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
+             if (ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === _washingtonSegmentID) {
+               continueTo(multiSelect);
+             }
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+             }
+           });
 
-           if (enabled) {
-             update();
-           } else {
-             layerOff();
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
          }
 
-         drawLocation.enabled = function (position, enabled) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return svgGeolocate.enabled;
-           _position = position;
-           svgGeolocate.enabled = enabled;
+         function multiSelect() {
+           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           }
 
-           if (svgGeolocate.enabled) {
-             showLayer();
-             layerOn();
-           } else {
-             hideLayer();
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           var hasWashington = ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1;
+           var hasTwelfth = ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1;
+
+           if (hasWashington && hasTwelfth) {
+             return continueTo(multiRightClick);
+           } else if (!hasWashington && !hasTwelfth) {
+             return continueTo(didSplit);
            }
 
-           return this;
-         };
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var selected, other, padding, box;
 
-         init();
-         return drawLocation;
-       }
+             if (hasWashington) {
+               selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+               other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
+               padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+               box.width *= 3;
+             } else {
+               selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
+               other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+               padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+               box.width /= 2;
+             }
 
-       function svgLabels(projection, context) {
-         var path = d3_geoPath(projection);
-         var detected = utilDetect();
-         var baselineHack = detected.ie || detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge' || detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'firefox' && detected.version >= 70;
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_select', {
+               selected: selected,
+               other1: other
+             }) + ' ' + helpHtml('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'), {
+               selected: selected,
+               other2: other
+             }));
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               if (hasWashington) {
+                 selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+                 other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
+                 padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+                 box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+                 box.width *= 3;
+               } else {
+                 selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
+                 other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+                 padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+                 box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+                 box.width /= 2;
+               }
 
-         var _rdrawn = new RBush();
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_select', {
+                 selected: selected,
+                 other1: other
+               }) + ' ' + helpHtml('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'), {
+                 selected: selected,
+                 other2: other
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(multiSelect);
+             });
+             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+               if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+                 return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+               }
+             });
+           }, 600);
 
-         var _rskipped = new RBush();
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-         var _textWidthCache = {};
-         var _entitybboxes = {}; // Listed from highest to lowest priority
+         function multiRightClick() {
+           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           }
 
-         var labelStack = [['line', 'aeroway', '*', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'motorway', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'trunk', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'primary', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'secondary', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'tertiary', 12], ['line', 'highway', '*', 12], ['line', 'railway', '*', 12], ['line', 'waterway', '*', 12], ['area', 'aeroway', '*', 12], ['area', 'amenity', '*', 12], ['area', 'building', '*', 12], ['area', 'historic', '*', 12], ['area', 'leisure', '*', 12], ['area', 'man_made', '*', 12], ['area', 'natural', '*', 12], ['area', 'shop', '*', 12], ['area', 'tourism', '*', 12], ['area', 'camp_site', '*', 12], ['point', 'aeroway', '*', 10], ['point', 'amenity', '*', 10], ['point', 'building', '*', 10], ['point', 'historic', '*', 10], ['point', 'leisure', '*', 10], ['point', 'man_made', '*', 10], ['point', 'natural', '*', 10], ['point', 'shop', '*', 10], ['point', 'tourism', '*', 10], ['point', 'camp_site', '*', 10], ['line', 'name', '*', 12], ['area', 'name', '*', 12], ['point', 'name', '*', 10]];
+           var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+           var rightClickString = helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_select_success') + helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch'));
+           reveal(box, rightClickString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, rightClickString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', function (open) {
+             if (!open) return;
+             timeout(function () {
+               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-         function shouldSkipIcon(preset) {
-           var noIcons = ['building', 'landuse', 'natural'];
-           return noIcons.some(function (s) {
-             return preset.id.indexOf(s) >= 0;
+               if (ids.length === 2 && ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1 && ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
+                 var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
+                 if (!node) return;
+                 continueTo(multiDelete);
+               } else if (ids.length === 1 && ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
+                 return continueTo(multiSelect);
+               } else {
+                 return continueTo(didSplit);
+               }
+             }, 300); // after edit menu visible
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+             }
            });
-         }
 
-         function get(array, prop) {
-           return function (d, i) {
-             return array[i][prop];
-           };
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         function textWidth(text, size, elem) {
-           var c = _textWidthCache[size];
-           if (!c) c = _textWidthCache[size] = {};
-
-           if (c[text]) {
-             return c[text];
-           } else if (elem) {
-             c[text] = elem.getComputedTextLength();
-             return c[text];
-           } else {
-             var str = encodeURIComponent(text).match(/%[CDEFcdef]/g);
+         function multiDelete() {
+           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           }
 
-             if (str === null) {
-               return size / 3 * 2 * text.length;
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
+           if (!node) return continueTo(multiRightClick);
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_delete'), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_delete'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               padding: 50
+             });
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
+               return continueTo(multiSelect); // left select mode but roads still exist
+             }
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
+               continueTo(retryDelete); // changed something but roads still exist
              } else {
-               return size / 3 * (2 * text.length + str.length);
+               continueTo(play);
              }
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
          }
 
-         function drawLinePaths(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-           var paths = selection.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
+         function retryDelete() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_delete'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(multiSelect);
+             }
+           });
 
-           paths.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           paths.enter().append('path').style('stroke-width', get(labels, 'font-size')).attr('id', function (d) {
-             return 'ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id;
-           }).attr('class', classes).merge(paths).attr('d', get(labels, 'lineString'));
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.lines.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.buildings.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-building',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
+             }
+           });
          }
 
-         function drawLineLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-           var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           addLine();
+         };
 
-           texts.exit().remove(); // enter
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', null, true);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+         };
 
-           texts.enter().append('text').attr('class', function (d, i) {
-             return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id;
-           }).attr('dy', baselineHack ? '0.35em' : null).append('textPath').attr('class', 'textpath'); // update
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
-           selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).selectAll('.textpath').filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key).attr('startOffset', '50%').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             return '#ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id;
-           }).text(utilDisplayNameForPath);
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+
+       function uiIntroBuilding(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var house = [-85.62815, 41.95638];
+         var tank = [-85.62732, 41.95347];
+         var buildingCatetory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-building');
+         var housePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('building/house');
+         var tankPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('man_made/storage_tank');
+         var timeouts = [];
+         var _houseID = null;
+         var _tankID = null;
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.buildings.title'
+         };
+
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
          }
 
-         function drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-           var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
 
-           texts.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         function revealHouse(center, text, options) {
+           var padding = 160 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 20);
+           var box = pad(center, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, text, options);
+         }
 
-           texts.enter().append('text').attr('class', function (d, i) {
-             return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id;
-           }).merge(texts).attr('x', get(labels, 'x')).attr('y', get(labels, 'y')).style('text-anchor', get(labels, 'textAnchor')).text(utilDisplayName).each(function (d, i) {
-             textWidth(utilDisplayName(d), labels[i].height, this);
-           });
+         function revealTank(center, text, options) {
+           var padding = 190 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
+           var box = pad(center, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, text, options);
          }
 
-         function drawAreaLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-           entities = entities.filter(hasText);
-           labels = labels.filter(hasText);
-           drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels);
+         function addHouse() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           _houseID = null;
+           var msec = transitionTime(house, context.map().center());
 
-           function hasText(d, i) {
-             return labels[i].hasOwnProperty('x') && labels[i].hasOwnProperty('y');
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
+
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(house, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area', helpHtml('intro.buildings.add_building'));
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-buildings');
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
+               continueTo(startHouse);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
          }
 
-         function drawAreaIcons(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-           var icons = selection.selectAll('use.' + classes).filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
+         function startHouse() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
+             return continueTo(addHouse);
+           }
+
+           _houseID = null;
+           context.map().zoomEase(20, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var startString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.start_building') + helpHtml('intro.buildings.building_corner_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
+             revealHouse(house, startString);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealHouse(house, startString, {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
+               continueTo(continueHouse);
+             });
+           }, 550); // after easing
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           icons.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         function continueHouse() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
+             return continueTo(addHouse);
+           }
 
-           icons.enter().append('use').attr('class', 'icon ' + classes).attr('width', '17px').attr('height', '17px').merge(icons).attr('transform', get(labels, 'transform')).attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(d, context.graph());
-             var picon = preset && preset.icon;
+           _houseID = null;
+           var continueString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.continue_building') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.buildings.finish_building');
+           revealHouse(house, continueString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             revealHouse(house, continueString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               var graph = context.graph();
+               var way = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
+               var nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
+               var points = utilArrayUniq(nodes).map(function (n) {
+                 return context.projection(n.loc);
+               });
 
-             if (!picon) {
-               return '';
+               if (isMostlySquare(points)) {
+                 _houseID = way.id;
+                 return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
+               } else {
+                 return continueTo(retryHouse);
+               }
              } else {
-               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-               return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-15' : '');
+               return chapter.restart();
              }
            });
-         }
 
-         function drawCollisionBoxes(selection, rtree, which) {
-           var classes = 'debug ' + which + ' ' + (which === 'debug-skipped' ? 'orange' : 'yellow');
-           var gj = [];
-
-           if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
-             gj = rtree.all().map(function (d) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'Polygon',
-                 coordinates: [[[d.minX, d.minY], [d.maxX, d.minY], [d.maxX, d.maxY], [d.minX, d.maxY], [d.minX, d.minY]]]
-               };
-             });
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           var boxes = selection.selectAll('.' + which).data(gj); // exit
+         function retryHouse() {
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(addHouse);
+           };
 
-           boxes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+           revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_building'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_building'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
 
-           boxes.enter().append('path').attr('class', classes).merge(boxes).attr('d', d3_geoPath());
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         function drawLabels(selection, graph, entities, filter, dimensions, fullRedraw) {
-           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-           var labelable = [];
-           var renderNodeAs = {};
-           var i, j, k, entity, geometry;
-
-           for (i = 0; i < labelStack.length; i++) {
-             labelable.push([]);
+         function chooseCategoryBuilding() {
+           if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+             return addHouse();
            }
 
-           if (fullRedraw) {
-             _rdrawn.clear();
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-             _rskipped.clear();
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-             _entitybboxes = {};
-           } else {
-             for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-               entity = entities[i];
-               var toRemove = [].concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id] || []).concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id + 'I'] || []);
 
-               for (j = 0; j < toRemove.length; j++) {
-                 _rdrawn.remove(toRemove[j]);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-building .preset-list-button');
+             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.buildings.choose_category_building', {
+               category: buildingCatetory.name()
+             }));
+             button.on('click.intro', function () {
+               button.on('click.intro', null);
+               continueTo(choosePresetHouse);
+             });
+           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
 
-                 _rskipped.remove(toRemove[j]);
-               }
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+               return continueTo(addHouse);
              }
-           } // Loop through all the entities to do some preprocessing
 
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-           for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-             entity = entities[i];
-             geometry = entity.geometry(graph); // Insert collision boxes around interesting points/vertices
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+               return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
+             }
+           });
 
-             if (geometry === 'point' || geometry === 'vertex' && isInterestingVertex(entity)) {
-               var hasDirections = entity.directions(graph, projection).length;
-               var markerPadding;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (!wireframe && geometry === 'point' && !(zoom >= 18 && hasDirections)) {
-                 renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'point';
-                 markerPadding = 20; // extra y for marker height
-               } else {
-                 renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'vertex';
-                 markerPadding = 0;
-               }
+         function choosePresetHouse() {
+           if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+             return addHouse();
+           }
 
-               var coord = projection(entity.loc);
-               var nodePadding = 10;
-               var bbox = {
-                 minX: coord[0] - nodePadding,
-                 minY: coord[1] - nodePadding - markerPadding,
-                 maxX: coord[0] + nodePadding,
-                 maxY: coord[1] + nodePadding
-               };
-               doInsert(bbox, entity.id + 'P');
-             } // From here on, treat vertices like points
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-             if (geometry === 'vertex') {
-               geometry = 'point';
-             } // Determine which entities are label-able
 
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             var button = context.container().select('.preset-building-house .preset-list-button');
+             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.buildings.choose_preset_house', {
+               preset: housePreset.name()
+             }), {
+               duration: 300
+             });
+             button.on('click.intro', function () {
+               button.on('click.intro', null);
+               continueTo(closeEditorHouse);
+             });
+           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
 
-             var preset = geometry === 'area' && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-             var icon = preset && !shouldSkipIcon(preset) && preset.icon;
-             if (!icon && !utilDisplayName(entity)) continue;
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+               return continueTo(addHouse);
+             }
 
-             for (k = 0; k < labelStack.length; k++) {
-               var matchGeom = labelStack[k][0];
-               var matchKey = labelStack[k][1];
-               var matchVal = labelStack[k][2];
-               var hasVal = entity.tags[matchKey];
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-               if (geometry === matchGeom && hasVal && (matchVal === '*' || matchVal === hasVal)) {
-                 labelable[k].push(entity);
-                 break;
-               }
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+               return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
              }
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           var positions = {
-             point: [],
-             line: [],
-             area: []
-           };
-           var labelled = {
-             point: [],
-             line: [],
-             area: []
-           }; // Try and find a valid label for labellable entities
+         function closeEditorHouse() {
+           if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+             return addHouse();
+           }
 
-           for (k = 0; k < labelable.length; k++) {
-             var fontSize = labelStack[k][3];
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-             for (i = 0; i < labelable[k].length; i++) {
-               entity = labelable[k][i];
-               geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-               var getName = geometry === 'line' ? utilDisplayNameForPath : utilDisplayName;
-               var name = getName(entity);
-               var width = name && textWidth(name, fontSize);
-               var p = null;
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
+           }
 
-               if (geometry === 'point' || geometry === 'vertex') {
-                 // no point or vertex labels in wireframe mode
-                 // no vertex labels at low zooms (vertices have no icons)
-                 if (wireframe) continue;
-                 var renderAs = renderNodeAs[entity.id];
-                 if (renderAs === 'vertex' && zoom < 17) continue;
-                 p = getPointLabel(entity, width, fontSize, renderAs);
-               } else if (geometry === 'line') {
-                 p = getLineLabel(entity, width, fontSize);
-               } else if (geometry === 'area') {
-                 p = getAreaLabel(entity, width, fontSize);
-               }
+           context.history().checkpoint('hasHouse');
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.buildings.close', {
+               button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
+             }));
+           }, 500);
 
-               if (p) {
-                 if (geometry === 'vertex') {
-                   geometry = 'point';
-                 } // treat vertex like point
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
+         function rightClickHouse() {
+           if (!_houseID) return chapter.restart();
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('hasHouse');
+           var zoom = context.map().zoom();
 
-                 p.classes = geometry + ' tag-' + labelStack[k][1];
-                 positions[geometry].push(p);
-                 labelled[geometry].push(entity);
-               }
-             }
+           if (zoom < 20) {
+             zoom = 20;
            }
 
-           function isInterestingVertex(entity) {
-             var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
-             return entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.isEndpoint(graph) || entity.isConnected(graph) || selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1 || graph.parentWays(entity).some(function (parent) {
-               return selectedIDs.indexOf(parent.id) !== -1;
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(house, zoom, 500);
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _houseID) return;
+             timeout(function () {
+               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
+               if (!node) return;
+               continueTo(clickSquare);
+             }, 50); // after menu visible
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var rightclickString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_building' : 'edit_menu_building_touch'));
+             revealHouse(house, rightclickString, {
+               duration: 0
              });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           function getPointLabel(entity, width, height, geometry) {
-             var y = geometry === 'point' ? -12 : 0;
-             var pointOffsets = {
-               ltr: [15, y, 'start'],
-               rtl: [-15, y, 'end']
-             };
-             var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
-             var coord = projection(entity.loc);
-             var textPadding = 2;
-             var offset = pointOffsets[textDirection];
-             var p = {
-               height: height,
-               width: width,
-               x: coord[0] + offset[0],
-               y: coord[1] + offset[1],
-               textAnchor: offset[2]
-             }; // insert a collision box for the text label..
+         function clickSquare() {
+           if (!_houseID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_houseID);
+           if (!entity) return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
 
-             var bbox;
+           if (!node) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+           }
 
-             if (textDirection === 'rtl') {
-               bbox = {
-                 minX: p.x - width - textPadding,
-                 minY: p.y - height / 2 - textPadding,
-                 maxX: p.x + textPadding,
-                 maxY: p.y + height / 2 + textPadding
-               };
-             } else {
-               bbox = {
-                 minX: p.x - textPadding,
-                 minY: p.y - height / 2 - textPadding,
-                 maxX: p.x + width + textPadding,
-                 maxY: p.y + height / 2 + textPadding
-               };
+           var wasChanged = false;
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.square_building'), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'browse') {
+               continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+             } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
+               continueTo(retryClickSquare);
              }
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+             var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
 
-             if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
-               return p;
+             if (!wasChanged && !node) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
              }
-           }
 
-           function getLineLabel(entity, width, height) {
-             var viewport = geoExtent(context.projection.clipExtent()).polygon();
-             var points = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function (node) {
-               return projection(node.loc);
+             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.square_building'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               padding: 50
              });
-             var length = geoPathLength(points);
-             if (length < width + 20) return; // % along the line to attempt to place the label
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             wasChanged = true;
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null); // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
 
-             var lineOffsets = [50, 45, 55, 40, 60, 35, 65, 30, 70, 25, 75, 20, 80, 15, 95, 10, 90, 5, 95];
-             var padding = 3;
+             timeout(function () {
+               if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature', {
+                 n: 1
+               })) {
+                 continueTo(doneSquare);
+               } else {
+                 continueTo(retryClickSquare);
+               }
+             }, 500); // after transitioned actions
+           });
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < lineOffsets.length; i++) {
-               var offset = lineOffsets[i];
-               var middle = offset / 100 * length;
-               var start = middle - width / 2;
-               if (start < 0 || start + width > length) continue; // generate subpath and ignore paths that are invalid or don't cross viewport.
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var sub = subpath(points, start, start + width);
+         function retryClickSquare() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_square'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+             }
+           });
 
-               if (!sub || !geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, sub, true)) {
-                 continue;
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var isReverse = reverse(sub);
+         function doneSquare() {
+           context.history().checkpoint('doneSquare');
+           revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.done_square'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(addTank);
+             }
+           });
 
-               if (isReverse) {
-                 sub = sub.reverse();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var bboxes = [];
-               var boxsize = (height + 2) / 2;
+         function addTank() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('doneSquare');
+           _tankID = null;
+           var msec = transitionTime(tank, context.map().center());
 
-               for (var j = 0; j < sub.length - 1; j++) {
-                 var a = sub[j];
-                 var b = sub[j + 1]; // split up the text into small collision boxes
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-                 var num = Math.max(1, Math.floor(geoVecLength(a, b) / boxsize / 2));
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(tank, 19.5, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('button.add-area', helpHtml('intro.buildings.add_tank'));
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
+               continueTo(startTank);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-                 for (var box = 0; box < num; box++) {
-                   var p = geoVecInterp(a, b, box / num);
-                   var x0 = p[0] - boxsize - padding;
-                   var y0 = p[1] - boxsize - padding;
-                   var x1 = p[0] + boxsize + padding;
-                   var y1 = p[1] + boxsize + padding;
-                   bboxes.push({
-                     minX: Math.min(x0, x1),
-                     minY: Math.min(y0, y1),
-                     maxX: Math.max(x0, x1),
-                     maxY: Math.max(y0, y1)
-                   });
-                 }
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (tryInsert(bboxes, entity.id, false)) {
-                 // accept this one
-                 return {
-                   'font-size': height + 2,
-                   lineString: lineString(sub),
-                   startOffset: offset + '%'
-                 };
-               }
-             }
+         function startTank() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
+             return continueTo(addTank);
+           }
+
+           _tankID = null;
+           timeout(function () {
+             var startString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.start_tank') + helpHtml('intro.buildings.tank_edge_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
+             revealTank(tank, startString);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealTank(tank, startString, {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
+               continueTo(continueTank);
+             });
+           }, 550); // after easing
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-             function reverse(p) {
-               var angle = Math.atan2(p[1][1] - p[0][1], p[1][0] - p[0][0]);
-               return !(p[0][0] < p[p.length - 1][0] && angle < Math.PI / 2 && angle > -Math.PI / 2);
-             }
+         function continueTank() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
+             return continueTo(addTank);
+           }
 
-             function lineString(points) {
-               return 'M' + points.join('L');
+           _tankID = null;
+           var continueString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.continue_tank') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.buildings.finish_tank');
+           revealTank(tank, continueString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             revealTank(tank, continueString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               _tankID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
+               return continueTo(searchPresetTank);
+             } else {
+               return continueTo(addTank);
              }
+           });
 
-             function subpath(points, from, to) {
-               var sofar = 0;
-               var start, end, i0, i1;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
-                 var a = points[i];
-                 var b = points[i + 1];
-                 var current = geoVecLength(a, b);
-                 var portion;
+         function searchPresetTank() {
+           if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
+             return addTank();
+           }
 
-                 if (!start && sofar + current >= from) {
-                   portion = (from - sofar) / current;
-                   start = [a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]), a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])];
-                   i0 = i + 1;
-                 }
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-                 if (!end && sofar + current >= to) {
-                   portion = (to - sofar) / current;
-                   end = [a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]), a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])];
-                   i1 = i + 1;
-                 }
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-                 sofar += current;
-               }
 
-               var result = points.slice(i0, i1);
-               result.unshift(start);
-               result.push(end);
-               return result;
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+             reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.buildings.search_tank', {
+               preset: tankPreset.name()
+             }));
+           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
+
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
+               return continueTo(addTank);
              }
-           }
 
-           function getAreaLabel(entity, width, height) {
-             var centroid = path.centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph, true));
-             var extent = entity.extent(graph);
-             var areaWidth = projection(extent[1])[0] - projection(extent[0])[0];
-             if (isNaN(centroid[0]) || areaWidth < 20) return;
-             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-             var picon = preset && preset.icon;
-             var iconSize = 17;
-             var padding = 2;
-             var p = {};
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-             if (picon) {
-               // icon and label..
-               if (addIcon()) {
-                 addLabel(iconSize + padding);
-                 return p;
-               }
-             } else {
-               // label only..
-               if (addLabel(0)) {
-                 return p;
-               }
-             }
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
+               // keep the user's area selected..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID])); // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
 
-             function addIcon() {
-               var iconX = centroid[0] - iconSize / 2;
-               var iconY = centroid[1] - iconSize / 2;
-               var bbox = {
-                 minX: iconX,
-                 minY: iconY,
-                 maxX: iconX + iconSize,
-                 maxY: iconY + iconSize
-               };
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%'); // disallow scrolling
 
-               if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id + 'I', true)) {
-                 p.transform = 'translate(' + iconX + ',' + iconY + ')';
-                 return true;
-               }
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+               reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.buildings.search_tank', {
+                 preset: tankPreset.name()
+               }));
+               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             }
+           });
 
-               return false;
+           function checkPresetSearch() {
+             var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
+
+             if (first.classed('preset-man_made-storage_tank')) {
+               reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(), helpHtml('intro.buildings.choose_tank', {
+                 preset: tankPreset.name()
+               }), {
+                 duration: 300
+               });
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
+               context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+                 continueTo(closeEditorTank);
+               });
              }
+           }
 
-             function addLabel(yOffset) {
-               if (width && areaWidth >= width + 20) {
-                 var labelX = centroid[0];
-                 var labelY = centroid[1] + yOffset;
-                 var bbox = {
-                   minX: labelX - width / 2 - padding,
-                   minY: labelY - height / 2 - padding,
-                   maxX: labelX + width / 2 + padding,
-                   maxY: labelY + height / 2 + padding
-                 };
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                 if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
-                   p.x = labelX;
-                   p.y = labelY;
-                   p.textAnchor = 'middle';
-                   p.height = height;
-                   return true;
-                 }
-               }
+         function closeEditorTank() {
+           if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
+             return addTank();
+           }
 
-               return false;
-             }
-           } // force insert a singular bounding box
-           // singular box only, no array, id better be unique
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
+           }
 
-           function doInsert(bbox, id) {
-             bbox.id = id;
-             var oldbox = _entitybboxes[id];
+           context.history().checkpoint('hasTank');
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(rightClickTank);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.buildings.close', {
+               button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
+             }));
+           }, 500);
 
-             if (oldbox) {
-               _rdrawn.remove(oldbox);
-             }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-             _entitybboxes[id] = bbox;
+         function rightClickTank() {
+           if (!_tankID) return continueTo(addTank);
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('hasTank');
+           context.map().centerEase(tank, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+               if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _tankID) return;
+               timeout(function () {
+                 var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
+                 if (!node) return;
+                 continueTo(clickCircle);
+               }, 50); // after menu visible
+             });
+             var rightclickString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_tank' : 'edit_menu_tank_touch'));
+             revealTank(tank, rightclickString);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealTank(tank, rightclickString, {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(rightClickTank);
+             });
+           }, 600);
 
-             _rdrawn.insert(bbox);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           function tryInsert(bboxes, id, saveSkipped) {
-             var skipped = false;
+         function clickCircle() {
+           if (!_tankID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_tankID);
+           if (!entity) return continueTo(rightClickTank);
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < bboxes.length; i++) {
-               var bbox = bboxes[i];
-               bbox.id = id; // Check that label is visible
+           if (!node) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickTank);
+           }
 
-               if (bbox.minX < 0 || bbox.minY < 0 || bbox.maxX > dimensions[0] || bbox.maxY > dimensions[1]) {
-                 skipped = true;
-                 break;
-               }
+           var wasChanged = false;
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.circle_tank'), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'browse') {
+               continueTo(rightClickTank);
+             } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
+               continueTo(retryClickCircle);
+             }
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+             var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
 
-               if (_rdrawn.collides(bbox)) {
-                 skipped = true;
-                 break;
-               }
+             if (!wasChanged && !node) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickTank);
              }
 
-             _entitybboxes[id] = bboxes;
+             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.circle_tank'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               padding: 50
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             wasChanged = true;
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null); // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
 
-             if (skipped) {
-               if (saveSkipped) {
-                 _rskipped.load(bboxes);
+             timeout(function () {
+               if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.circularize.annotation.feature', {
+                 n: 1
+               })) {
+                 continueTo(play);
+               } else {
+                 continueTo(retryClickCircle);
                }
-             } else {
-               _rdrawn.load(bboxes);
-             }
+             }, 500); // after transitioned actions
+           });
 
-             return !skipped;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-           var layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
-           layer.selectAll('.labels-group').data(['halo', 'label', 'debug']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'labels-group ' + d;
+         function retryClickCircle() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           revealTank(tank, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_circle'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(rightClickTank);
+             }
            });
-           var halo = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo');
-           var label = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.label');
-           var debug = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.debug'); // points
-
-           drawPointLabels(label, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel', positions.point);
-           drawPointLabels(halo, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel-halo', positions.point); // lines
-
-           drawLinePaths(layer, labelled.line, filter, '', positions.line);
-           drawLineLabels(label, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel', positions.line);
-           drawLineLabels(halo, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel-halo', positions.line); // areas
-
-           drawAreaLabels(label, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel', positions.area);
-           drawAreaLabels(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel-halo', positions.area);
-           drawAreaIcons(label, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon', positions.area);
-           drawAreaIcons(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon-halo', positions.area); // debug
 
-           drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rskipped, 'debug-skipped');
-           drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rdrawn, 'debug-drawn');
-           layer.call(filterLabels);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
+           }
          }
 
-         function filterLabels(selection) {
-           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
-           var layers = drawLayer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo, .labels-group.label');
-           layers.selectAll('.nolabel').classed('nolabel', false);
-           var mouse = context.map().mouse();
-           var graph = context.graph();
-           var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
-           var ids = [];
-           var pad, bbox; // hide labels near the mouse
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.buildings.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.startediting.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-startEditing',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           if (mouse) {
-             pad = 20;
-             bbox = {
-               minX: mouse[0] - pad,
-               minY: mouse[1] - pad,
-               maxX: mouse[0] + pad,
-               maxY: mouse[1] + pad
-             };
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           addHouse();
+         };
 
-             var nearMouse = _rdrawn.search(bbox).map(function (entity) {
-               return entity.id;
-             });
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
+         };
 
-             ids.push.apply(ids, nearMouse);
-           } // hide labels on selected nodes (they look weird when dragging / haloed)
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
-             var entity = graph.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
+       function uiIntroStartEditing(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done', 'startEditing');
+         var modalSelection = select(null);
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.startediting.title'
+         };
 
-             if (entity && entity.type === 'node') {
-               ids.push(selectedIDs[i]);
+         function showHelp() {
+           reveal('.map-control.help-control', helpHtml('intro.startediting.help'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               shortcuts();
              }
-           }
-
-           layers.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids)).classed('nolabel', true); // draw the mouse bbox if debugging is on..
-
-           var debug = selection.selectAll('.labels-group.debug');
-           var gj = [];
-
-           if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
-             gj = bbox ? [{
-               type: 'Polygon',
-               coordinates: [[[bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.minX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.minX, bbox.minY]]]
-             }] : [];
-           }
+           });
+         }
 
-           var box = debug.selectAll('.debug-mouse').data(gj); // exit
+         function shortcuts() {
+           reveal('.map-control.help-control', helpHtml('intro.startediting.shortcuts'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               showSave();
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           box.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         function showSave() {
+           context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove(); // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
 
-           box.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'debug debug-mouse yellow').merge(box).attr('d', d3_geoPath());
+           reveal('.top-toolbar button.save', helpHtml('intro.startediting.save'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               showStart();
+             }
+           });
          }
 
-         var throttleFilterLabels = throttle(filterLabels, 100);
+         function showStart() {
+           context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove(); // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
 
-         drawLabels.observe = function (selection) {
-           var listener = function listener() {
-             throttleFilterLabels(selection);
-           };
+           modalSelection = uiModal(context.container());
+           modalSelection.select('.modal').attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');
+           modalSelection.selectAll('.close').remove();
+           var startbutton = modalSelection.select('.content').attr('class', 'fillL').append('button').attr('class', 'modal-section huge-modal-button').on('click', function () {
+             modalSelection.remove();
+           });
+           startbutton.append('svg').attr('class', 'illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+           startbutton.append('h2').html(_t.html('intro.startediting.start'));
+           dispatch.call('startEditing');
+         }
 
-           selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', listener);
-           context.on('enter.hidelabels', listener);
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           showHelp();
          };
 
-         drawLabels.off = function (selection) {
-           throttleFilterLabels.cancel();
-           selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', null);
-           context.on('enter.hidelabels', null);
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           modalSelection.remove();
+           context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove(); // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
          };
 
-         return drawLabels;
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       var _layerEnabled$1 = false;
+       var chapterUi = {
+         welcome: uiIntroWelcome,
+         navigation: uiIntroNavigation,
+         point: uiIntroPoint,
+         area: uiIntroArea,
+         line: uiIntroLine,
+         building: uiIntroBuilding,
+         startEditing: uiIntroStartEditing
+       };
+       var chapterFlow = ['welcome', 'navigation', 'point', 'area', 'line', 'building', 'startEditing'];
+       function uiIntro(context) {
+         var INTRO_IMAGERY = 'EsriWorldImageryClarity';
+         var _introGraph = {};
 
-       var _qaService$1;
+         var _currChapter;
 
-       function svgImproveOSM(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           return dispatch.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
+         function intro(selection) {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph').then(function (dataIntroGraph) {
+             // create entities for intro graph and localize names
+             for (var id in dataIntroGraph) {
+               if (!_introGraph[id]) {
+                 _introGraph[id] = osmEntity(localize(dataIntroGraph[id]));
+               }
+             }
 
-         var minZoom = 12;
-         var touchLayer = select(null);
-         var drawLayer = select(null);
-         var layerVisible = false;
+             selection.call(startIntro);
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           });
+         }
 
-         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
-         } // Loosely-coupled improveOSM service for fetching issues
+         function startIntro(selection) {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context)); // Save current map state
+
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var history = context.history().toJSON();
+           var hash = window.location.hash;
+           var center = context.map().center();
+           var zoom = context.map().zoom();
+           var background = context.background().baseLayerSource();
+           var overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
+           var opacity = context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity');
+           var caches = osm && osm.caches();
+           var baseEntities = context.history().graph().base().entities; // Show sidebar and disable the sidebar resizing button
+           // (this needs to be before `context.inIntro(true)`)
 
+           context.ui().sidebar.expand();
+           context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', true); // Block saving
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.improveOSM && !_qaService$1) {
-             _qaService$1 = services.improveOSM;
+           context.inIntro(true); // Load semi-real data used in intro
 
-             _qaService$1.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.improveOSM && _qaService$1) {
-             _qaService$1 = null;
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.toggle(false).reset();
            }
 
-           return _qaService$1;
-         } // Show the markers
+           context.history().reset();
+           context.history().merge(Object.values(coreGraph().load(_introGraph).entities));
+           context.history().checkpoint('initial'); // Setup imagery
 
+           var imagery = context.background().findSource(INTRO_IMAGERY);
 
-         function editOn() {
-           if (!layerVisible) {
-             layerVisible = true;
-             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
+           if (imagery) {
+             context.background().baseLayerSource(imagery);
+           } else {
+             context.background().bing();
            }
-         } // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
 
+           overlays.forEach(function (d) {
+             return context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
+           }); // Setup data layers (only OSM)
 
-         function editOff() {
-           if (layerVisible) {
-             layerVisible = false;
-             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
-             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').remove();
-             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').remove();
-           }
-         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
+           var layers = context.layers();
+           layers.all().forEach(function (item) {
+             // if the layer has the function `enabled`
+             if (typeof item.layer.enabled === 'function') {
+               item.layer.enabled(item.id === 'osm');
+             }
+           });
+           context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', 1);
+           var curtain = uiCurtain(context.container().node());
+           selection.call(curtain); // Store that the user started the walkthrough..
 
+           corePreferences('walkthrough_started', 'yes'); // Restore previous walkthrough progress..
 
-         function layerOn() {
-           editOn();
-           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             return dispatch.call('change');
-           });
-         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
+           var storedProgress = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress') || '';
+           var progress = storedProgress.split(';').filter(Boolean);
+           var chapters = chapterFlow.map(function (chapter, i) {
+             var s = chapterUi[chapter](context, curtain.reveal).on('done', function () {
+               buttons.filter(function (d) {
+                 return d.title === s.title;
+               }).classed('finished', true);
+
+               if (i < chapterFlow.length - 1) {
+                 var next = chapterFlow[i + 1];
+                 context.container().select("button.chapter-".concat(next)).classed('next', true);
+               } // Store walkthrough progress..
 
 
-         function layerOff() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           drawLayer.interrupt();
-           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').remove();
-           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             editOff();
-             dispatch.call('change');
+               progress.push(chapter);
+               corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';'));
+             });
+             return s;
            });
-         } // Update the issue markers
+           chapters[chapters.length - 1].on('startEditing', function () {
+             // Store walkthrough progress..
+             progress.push('startEditing');
+             corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';')); // Store if walkthrough is completed..
 
+             var incomplete = utilArrayDifference(chapterFlow, progress);
 
-         function updateMarkers() {
-           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled$1) return;
-           var service = getService();
-           var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
-           var data = service ? service.getItems(projection) : [];
-           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
+             if (!incomplete.length) {
+               corePreferences('walkthrough_completed', 'yes');
+             }
 
-           var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+             curtain.remove();
+             navwrap.remove();
+             context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', opacity);
+             context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', false);
 
-           markers.exit().remove(); // enter
+             if (osm) {
+               osm.toggle(true).reset().caches(caches);
+             }
 
-           var markersEnter = markers.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
-           });
-           markersEnter.append('polygon').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-           markersEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0).attr('cy', 0).attr('rx', 4.5).attr('ry', 2).attr('class', 'stroke');
-           markersEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', 'currentColor').call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');
-           markersEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             var picon = d.icon;
+             context.history().reset().merge(Object.values(baseEntities));
+             context.background().baseLayerSource(background);
+             overlays.forEach(function (d) {
+               return context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
+             });
 
-             if (!picon) {
-               return '';
-             } else {
-               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+             if (history) {
+               context.history().fromJSON(history, false);
              }
-           }); // update
 
-           markers.merge(markersEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
-             return d.id === selectedID;
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
+             context.map().centerZoom(center, zoom);
+             window.location.replace(hash);
+             context.inIntro(false);
+           });
+           var navwrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap fillD');
+           navwrap.append('svg').attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap-logo').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+           var buttonwrap = navwrap.append('div').attr('class', 'joined').selectAll('button.chapter');
+           var buttons = buttonwrap.data(chapters).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d, i) {
+             return "chapter chapter-".concat(chapterFlow[i]);
+           }).on('click', enterChapter);
+           buttons.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(d.title);
+           });
+           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'status').call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward', 'inline'));
+           enterChapter(null, chapters[0]);
 
-           if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
-           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+           function enterChapter(d3_event, newChapter) {
+             if (_currChapter) {
+               _currChapter.exit();
+             }
 
-           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             _currChapter = newChapter;
 
-           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('x', '-10px').attr('y', '-28px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " target ").concat(fillClass, " itemId-").concat(d.id);
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+             _currChapter.enter();
 
-           function sortY(a, b) {
-             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+             buttons.classed('next', false).classed('active', function (d) {
+               return d.title === _currChapter.title;
+             });
            }
-         } // Draw the ImproveOSM layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
-
+         }
 
-         function drawImproveOSM(selection) {
-           var service = getService();
-           var surface = context.surface();
+         return intro;
+       }
 
-           if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
-             touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
-           }
+       function uiIssuesInfo(context) {
+         var warningsItem = {
+           id: 'warnings',
+           count: 0,
+           iconID: 'iD-icon-alert',
+           descriptionID: 'issues.warnings_and_errors'
+         };
+         var resolvedItem = {
+           id: 'resolved',
+           count: 0,
+           iconID: 'iD-icon-apply',
+           descriptionID: 'issues.user_resolved_issues'
+         };
 
-           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-improveOSM').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           drawLayer.exit().remove();
-           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-improveOSM').style('display', _layerEnabled$1 ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
+         function update(selection) {
+           var shownItems = [];
+           var liveIssues = context.validator().getIssues({
+             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
+             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
+           });
 
-           if (_layerEnabled$1) {
-             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-               editOn();
-               service.loadIssues(projection);
-               updateMarkers();
-             } else {
-               editOff();
-             }
+           if (liveIssues.length) {
+             warningsItem.count = liveIssues.length;
+             shownItems.push(warningsItem);
            }
-         } // Toggles the layer on and off
-
-
-         drawImproveOSM.enabled = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled$1;
-           _layerEnabled$1 = val;
 
-           if (_layerEnabled$1) {
-             layerOn();
-           } else {
-             layerOff();
+           if (corePreferences('validate-what') === 'all') {
+             var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
 
-             if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             if (resolvedIssues.length) {
+               resolvedItem.count = resolvedIssues.length;
+               shownItems.push(resolvedItem);
              }
            }
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
+           var chips = selection.selectAll('.chip').data(shownItems, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           });
+           chips.exit().remove();
+           var enter = chips.enter().append('a').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'chip ' + d.id + '-count';
+           }).attr('href', '#').each(function (d) {
+             var chipSelection = select(this);
+             var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('top').title(_t.html(d.descriptionID));
+             chipSelection.call(tooltipBehavior).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               tooltipBehavior.hide(select(this)); // open the Issues pane
 
-         drawImproveOSM.supported = function () {
-           return !!getService();
-         };
+               context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .issues-pane'));
+             });
+             chipSelection.call(svgIcon('#' + d.iconID));
+           });
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'count');
+           enter.merge(chips).selectAll('span.count').html(function (d) {
+             return d.count.toString();
+           });
+         }
 
-         return drawImproveOSM;
+         return function (selection) {
+           update(selection);
+           context.validator().on('validated.infobox', function () {
+             update(selection);
+           });
+         };
        }
 
-       var _layerEnabled$2 = false;
-
-       var _qaService$2;
-
-       function svgOsmose(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           return dispatch.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
+       function uiMapInMap(context) {
+         function mapInMap(selection) {
+           var backgroundLayer = rendererTileLayer(context);
+           var overlayLayers = {};
+           var projection = geoRawMercator();
+           var dataLayer = svgData(projection, context).showLabels(false);
+           var debugLayer = svgDebug(projection, context);
+           var zoom = d3_zoom().scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(24)]).on('start', zoomStarted).on('zoom', zoomed).on('end', zoomEnded);
+           var wrap = select(null);
+           var tiles = select(null);
+           var viewport = select(null);
+           var _isTransformed = false;
+           var _isHidden = true;
+           var _skipEvents = false;
+           var _gesture = null;
+           var _zDiff = 6; // by default, minimap renders at (main zoom - 6)
 
-         var minZoom = 12;
-         var touchLayer = select(null);
-         var drawLayer = select(null);
-         var layerVisible = false;
+           var _dMini; // dimensions of minimap
 
-         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
-         } // Loosely-coupled osmose service for fetching issues
 
+           var _cMini; // center pixel of minimap
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.osmose && !_qaService$2) {
-             _qaService$2 = services.osmose;
 
-             _qaService$2.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.osmose && _qaService$2) {
-             _qaService$2 = null;
-           }
+           var _tStart; // transform at start of gesture
 
-           return _qaService$2;
-         } // Show the markers
 
+           var _tCurr; // transform at most recent event
 
-         function editOn() {
-           if (!layerVisible) {
-             layerVisible = true;
-             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
-           }
-         } // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
 
+           var _timeoutID;
 
-         function editOff() {
-           if (layerVisible) {
-             layerVisible = false;
-             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
-             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').remove();
-             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').remove();
+           function zoomStarted() {
+             if (_skipEvents) return;
+             _tStart = _tCurr = projection.transform();
+             _gesture = null;
            }
-         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
 
+           function zoomed(d3_event) {
+             if (_skipEvents) return;
+             var x = d3_event.transform.x;
+             var y = d3_event.transform.y;
+             var k = d3_event.transform.k;
+             var isZooming = k !== _tStart.k;
+             var isPanning = x !== _tStart.x || y !== _tStart.y;
 
-         function layerOn() {
-           editOn();
-           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             return dispatch.call('change');
-           });
-         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
+             if (!isZooming && !isPanning) {
+               return; // no change
+             } // lock in either zooming or panning, don't allow both in minimap.
 
 
-         function layerOff() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           drawLayer.interrupt();
-           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').remove();
-           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             editOff();
-             dispatch.call('change');
-           });
-         } // Update the issue markers
+             if (!_gesture) {
+               _gesture = isZooming ? 'zoom' : 'pan';
+             }
 
+             var tMini = projection.transform();
+             var tX, tY, scale;
 
-         function updateMarkers() {
-           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled$2) return;
-           var service = getService();
-           var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
-           var data = service ? service.getItems(projection) : [];
-           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
+             if (_gesture === 'zoom') {
+               scale = k / tMini.k;
+               tX = (_cMini[0] / scale - _cMini[0]) * scale;
+               tY = (_cMini[1] / scale - _cMini[1]) * scale;
+             } else {
+               k = tMini.k;
+               scale = 1;
+               tX = x - tMini.x;
+               tY = y - tMini.y;
+             }
 
-           var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+             utilSetTransform(tiles, tX, tY, scale);
+             utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0, scale);
+             _isTransformed = true;
+             _tCurr = identity$2.translate(x, y).scale(k);
+             var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(context.projection.scale());
+             var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(k);
+             _zDiff = zMain - zMini;
+             queueRedraw();
+           }
 
-           markers.exit().remove(); // enter
+           function zoomEnded() {
+             if (_skipEvents) return;
+             if (_gesture !== 'pan') return;
+             updateProjection();
+             _gesture = null;
+             context.map().center(projection.invert(_cMini)); // recenter main map..
+           }
 
-           var markersEnter = markers.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
-           });
-           markersEnter.append('polygon').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-           markersEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0).attr('cy', 0).attr('rx', 4.5).attr('ry', 2).attr('class', 'stroke');
-           markersEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', function (d) {
-             return service.getColor(d.item);
-           }).call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');
-           markersEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             var picon = d.icon;
+           function updateProjection() {
+             var loc = context.map().center();
+             var tMain = context.projection.transform();
+             var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(tMain.k);
+             var zMini = Math.max(zMain - _zDiff, 0.5);
+             var kMini = geoZoomToScale(zMini);
+             projection.translate([tMain.x, tMain.y]).scale(kMini);
+             var point = projection(loc);
+             var mouse = _gesture === 'pan' ? geoVecSubtract([_tCurr.x, _tCurr.y], [_tStart.x, _tStart.y]) : [0, 0];
+             var xMini = _cMini[0] - point[0] + tMain.x + mouse[0];
+             var yMini = _cMini[1] - point[1] + tMain.y + mouse[1];
+             projection.translate([xMini, yMini]).clipExtent([[0, 0], _dMini]);
+             _tCurr = projection.transform();
 
-             if (!picon) {
-               return '';
-             } else {
-               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+             if (_isTransformed) {
+               utilSetTransform(tiles, 0, 0);
+               utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0);
+               _isTransformed = false;
              }
-           }); // update
 
-           markers.merge(markersEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
-             return d.id === selectedID;
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
+             zoom.scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(zMain - 3)]);
+             _skipEvents = true;
+             wrap.call(zoom.transform, _tCurr);
+             _skipEvents = false;
+           }
 
-           if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
-           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink' : 'nocolor';
-           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+           function redraw() {
+             clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
+             if (_isHidden) return;
+             updateProjection();
+             var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()); // setup tile container
 
-           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+             tiles = wrap.selectAll('.map-in-map-tiles').data([0]);
+             tiles = tiles.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map-tiles').merge(tiles); // redraw background
 
-           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('x', '-10px').attr('y', '-28px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " target ").concat(fillClass, " itemId-").concat(d.id);
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+             backgroundLayer.source(context.background().baseLayerSource()).projection(projection).dimensions(_dMini);
+             var background = tiles.selectAll('.map-in-map-background').data([0]);
+             background.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map-background').merge(background).call(backgroundLayer); // redraw overlay
 
-           function sortY(a, b) {
-             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
-           }
-         } // Draw the Osmose layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
+             var overlaySources = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
+             var activeOverlayLayers = [];
 
+             for (var i = 0; i < overlaySources.length; i++) {
+               if (overlaySources[i].validZoom(zMini)) {
+                 if (!overlayLayers[i]) overlayLayers[i] = rendererTileLayer(context);
+                 activeOverlayLayers.push(overlayLayers[i].source(overlaySources[i]).projection(projection).dimensions(_dMini));
+               }
+             }
 
-         function drawOsmose(selection) {
-           var service = getService();
-           var surface = context.surface();
+             var overlay = tiles.selectAll('.map-in-map-overlay').data([0]);
+             overlay = overlay.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map-overlay').merge(overlay);
+             var overlays = overlay.selectAll('div').data(activeOverlayLayers, function (d) {
+               return d.source().name();
+             });
+             overlays.exit().remove();
+             overlays = overlays.enter().append('div').merge(overlays).each(function (layer) {
+               select(this).call(layer);
+             });
+             var dataLayers = tiles.selectAll('.map-in-map-data').data([0]);
+             dataLayers.exit().remove();
+             dataLayers = dataLayers.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'map-in-map-data').merge(dataLayers).call(dataLayer).call(debugLayer); // redraw viewport bounding box
 
-           if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
-             touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
+             if (_gesture !== 'pan') {
+               var getPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
+               var bbox = {
+                 type: 'Polygon',
+                 coordinates: [context.map().extent().polygon()]
+               };
+               viewport = wrap.selectAll('.map-in-map-viewport').data([0]);
+               viewport = viewport.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'map-in-map-viewport').merge(viewport);
+               var path = viewport.selectAll('.map-in-map-bbox').data([bbox]);
+               path.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'map-in-map-bbox').merge(path).attr('d', getPath).classed('thick', function (d) {
+                 return getPath.area(d) < 30;
+               });
+             }
            }
 
-           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osmose').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           drawLayer.exit().remove();
-           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-osmose').style('display', _layerEnabled$2 ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
+           function queueRedraw() {
+             clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
+             _timeoutID = setTimeout(function () {
+               redraw();
+             }, 750);
+           }
 
-           if (_layerEnabled$2) {
-             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-               editOn();
-               service.loadIssues(projection);
-               updateMarkers();
+           function toggle(d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event) d3_event.preventDefault();
+             _isHidden = !_isHidden;
+             context.container().select('.minimap-toggle-item').classed('active', !_isHidden).select('input').property('checked', !_isHidden);
+
+             if (_isHidden) {
+               wrap.style('display', 'block').style('opacity', '1').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
+                 selection.selectAll('.map-in-map').style('display', 'none');
+               });
              } else {
-               editOff();
+               wrap.style('display', 'block').style('opacity', '0').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '1').on('end', function () {
+                 redraw();
+               });
              }
            }
-         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
+           uiMapInMap.toggle = toggle;
+           wrap = selection.selectAll('.map-in-map').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map').style('display', _isHidden ? 'none' : 'block').call(zoom).on('dblclick.zoom', null).merge(wrap); // reflow warning: Hardcode dimensions - currently can't resize it anyway..
 
-         drawOsmose.enabled = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled$2;
-           _layerEnabled$2 = val;
-
-           if (_layerEnabled$2) {
-             // Strings supplied by Osmose fetched before showing layer for first time
-             // NOTE: Currently no way to change locale in iD at runtime, would need to re-call this method if that's ever implemented
-             // Also, If layer is toggled quickly multiple requests are sent
-             getService().loadStrings().then(layerOn)["catch"](function (err) {
-               console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-             });
-           } else {
-             layerOff();
+           _dMini = [200, 150]; //utilGetDimensions(wrap);
 
-             if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           _cMini = geoVecScale(_dMini, 0.5);
+           context.map().on('drawn.map-in-map', function (drawn) {
+             if (drawn.full === true) {
+               redraw();
              }
-           }
-
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
-
-         drawOsmose.supported = function () {
-           return !!getService();
-         };
+           });
+           redraw();
+           context.keybinding().on(_t('background.minimap.key'), toggle);
+         }
 
-         return drawOsmose;
+         return mapInMap;
        }
 
-       function svgStreetside(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           dispatch.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
+       function uiNotice(context) {
+         return function (selection) {
+           var div = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'notice');
+           var button = div.append('button').attr('class', 'zoom-to notice fillD').on('click', function () {
+             context.map().zoomEase(context.minEditableZoom());
+           }).on('wheel', function (d3_event) {
+             // let wheel events pass through #4482
+             var e2 = new WheelEvent(d3_event.type, d3_event);
+             context.surface().node().dispatchEvent(e2);
+           });
+           button.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'pre-text')).append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(_t.html('zoom_in_edit'));
 
-         var minZoom = 14;
-         var minMarkerZoom = 16;
-         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
-         var layer = select(null);
-         var _viewerYaw = 0;
-         var _selectedSequence = null;
+           function disableTooHigh() {
+             var canEdit = context.map().zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
+             div.style('display', canEdit ? 'none' : 'block');
+           }
 
-         var _streetside;
-         /**
-          * init().
-          */
+           context.map().on('move.notice', debounce(disableTooHigh, 500));
+           disableTooHigh();
+         };
+       }
 
+       function uiPhotoviewer(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('resize');
 
-         function init() {
-           if (svgStreetside.initialized) return; // run once
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-           svgStreetside.enabled = false;
-           svgStreetside.initialized = true;
-         }
-         /**
-          * getService().
-          */
+         function photoviewer(selection) {
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'thumb-hide').on('click', function () {
+             if (services.streetside) {
+               services.streetside.hideViewer(context);
+             }
 
+             if (services.mapillary) {
+               services.mapillary.hideViewer(context);
+             }
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.streetside && !_streetside) {
-             _streetside = services.streetside;
+             if (services.openstreetcam) {
+               services.openstreetcam.hideViewer(context);
+             }
+           }).append('div').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
 
-             _streetside.event.on('viewerChanged.svgStreetside', viewerChanged).on('loadedImages.svgStreetside', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.streetside && _streetside) {
-             _streetside = null;
+           function preventDefault(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
            }
 
-           return _streetside;
-         }
-         /**
-          * showLayer().
-          */
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'resize-handle-xy').on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch, {
+             resizeOnX: true,
+             resizeOnY: true
+           }));
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'resize-handle-x').on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch, {
+             resizeOnX: true
+           }));
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'resize-handle-y').on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch, {
+             resizeOnY: true
+           }));
 
+           function buildResizeListener(target, eventName, dispatch, options) {
+             var resizeOnX = !!options.resizeOnX;
+             var resizeOnY = !!options.resizeOnY;
+             var minHeight = options.minHeight || 240;
+             var minWidth = options.minWidth || 320;
+             var pointerId;
+             var startX;
+             var startY;
+             var startWidth;
+             var startHeight;
 
-         function showLayer() {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           editOn();
-           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
-             dispatch.call('change');
-           });
-         }
-         /**
-          * hideLayer().
-          */
+             function startResize(d3_event) {
+               if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               var mapSize = context.map().dimensions();
 
+               if (resizeOnX) {
+                 var maxWidth = mapSize[0];
+                 var newWidth = clamp(startWidth + d3_event.clientX - startX, minWidth, maxWidth);
+                 target.style('width', newWidth + 'px');
+               }
 
-         function hideLayer() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', editOff);
-         }
-         /**
-          * editOn().
-          */
+               if (resizeOnY) {
+                 var maxHeight = mapSize[1] - 90; // preserve space at top/bottom of map
 
+                 var newHeight = clamp(startHeight + startY - d3_event.clientY, minHeight, maxHeight);
+                 target.style('height', newHeight + 'px');
+               }
 
-         function editOn() {
-           layer.style('display', 'block');
-         }
-         /**
-          * editOff().
-          */
+               dispatch.call(eventName, target, utilGetDimensions(target, true));
+             }
 
+             function clamp(num, min, max) {
+               return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
+             }
 
-         function editOff() {
-           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
-           layer.style('display', 'none');
-         }
-         /**
-          * click() Handles 'bubble' point click event.
-          */
+             function stopResize(d3_event) {
+               if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation(); // remove all the listeners we added
 
+               select(window).on('.' + eventName, null);
+             }
 
-         function click(d3_event, d) {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return; // try to preserve the viewer rotation when staying on the same sequence
+             return function initResize(d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               pointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+               startX = d3_event.clientX;
+               startY = d3_event.clientY;
+               var targetRect = target.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+               startWidth = targetRect.width;
+               startHeight = targetRect.height;
+               select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.' + eventName, startResize, false).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.' + eventName, stopResize, false);
 
-           if (d.sequenceKey !== _selectedSequence) {
-             _viewerYaw = 0; // reset
+               if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
+                 select(window).on('pointercancel.' + eventName, stopResize, false);
+               }
+             };
            }
-
-           _selectedSequence = d.sequenceKey;
-           service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
-             service.selectImage(context, d.key).yaw(_viewerYaw).showViewer(context);
-           });
-           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
-         }
-         /**
-          * mouseover().
-          */
-
-
-         function mouseover(d3_event, d) {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
-         }
-         /**
-          * mouseout().
-          */
-
-
-         function mouseout() {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
          }
-         /**
-          * transform().
-          */
 
+         photoviewer.onMapResize = function () {
+           var photoviewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var content = context.container().select('.main-content');
+           var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(content, true); // shrink photo viewer if it is too big
+           // (-90 preserves space at top and bottom of map used by menus)
 
-         function transform(d) {
-           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
-           var rot = d.ca + _viewerYaw;
+           var photoDimensions = utilGetDimensions(photoviewer, true);
 
-           if (rot) {
-             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(rot) + ',0,0)';
+           if (photoDimensions[0] > mapDimensions[0] || photoDimensions[1] > mapDimensions[1] - 90) {
+             var setPhotoDimensions = [Math.min(photoDimensions[0], mapDimensions[0]), Math.min(photoDimensions[1], mapDimensions[1] - 90)];
+             photoviewer.style('width', setPhotoDimensions[0] + 'px').style('height', setPhotoDimensions[1] + 'px');
+             dispatch.call('resize', photoviewer, setPhotoDimensions);
            }
+         };
 
-           return t;
-         }
+         return utilRebind(photoviewer, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-         function viewerChanged() {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           var viewer = service.viewer();
-           if (!viewer) return; // update viewfield rotation
+       function uiRestore(context) {
+         return function (selection) {
+           if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) return;
+           var modalSelection = uiModal(selection, true);
+           modalSelection.select('.modal').attr('class', 'modal fillL');
+           var introModal = modalSelection.select('.content');
+           introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('h3').html(_t.html('restore.heading'));
+           introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('p').html(_t.html('restore.description'));
+           var buttonWrap = introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-actions');
+           var restore = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'restore').on('click', function () {
+             context.history().restore();
+             modalSelection.remove();
+           });
+           restore.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-restore').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-restore');
+           restore.append('div').html(_t.html('restore.restore'));
+           var reset = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'reset').on('click', function () {
+             context.history().clearSaved();
+             modalSelection.remove();
+           });
+           reset.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-reset').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-reset');
+           reset.append('div').html(_t.html('restore.reset'));
+           restore.node().focus();
+         };
+       }
 
-           _viewerYaw = viewer.getYaw(); // avoid updating if the map is currently transformed
-           // e.g. during drags or easing.
+       function uiScale(context) {
+         var projection = context.projection,
+             isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric(),
+             maxLength = 180,
+             tickHeight = 8;
 
-           if (context.map().isTransformed()) return;
-           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView').attr('transform', transform);
-         }
+         function scaleDefs(loc1, loc2) {
+           var lat = (loc2[1] + loc1[1]) / 2,
+               conversion = isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1,
+               dist = geoLonToMeters(loc2[0] - loc1[0], lat) * conversion,
+               scale = {
+             dist: 0,
+             px: 0,
+             text: ''
+           },
+               buckets,
+               i,
+               val,
+               dLon;
 
-         function filterBubbles(bubbles) {
-           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
-           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
-           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
+           if (isImperial) {
+             buckets = [5280000, 528000, 52800, 5280, 500, 50, 5, 1];
+           } else {
+             buckets = [5000000, 500000, 50000, 5000, 500, 50, 5, 1];
+           } // determine a user-friendly endpoint for the scale
 
-           if (fromDate) {
-             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
-             bubbles = bubbles.filter(function (bubble) {
-               return new Date(bubble.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
 
-           if (toDate) {
-             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
-             bubbles = bubbles.filter(function (bubble) {
-               return new Date(bubble.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
+           for (i = 0; i < buckets.length; i++) {
+             val = buckets[i];
 
-           if (usernames) {
-             bubbles = bubbles.filter(function (bubble) {
-               return usernames.indexOf(bubble.captured_by) !== -1;
-             });
+             if (dist >= val) {
+               scale.dist = Math.floor(dist / val) * val;
+               break;
+             } else {
+               scale.dist = +dist.toFixed(2);
+             }
            }
 
-           return bubbles;
+           dLon = geoMetersToLon(scale.dist / conversion, lat);
+           scale.px = Math.round(projection([loc1[0] + dLon, loc1[1]])[0]);
+           scale.text = displayLength(scale.dist / conversion, isImperial);
+           return scale;
          }
 
-         function filterSequences(sequences) {
-           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
-           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
-           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
-
-           if (fromDate) {
-             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequences) {
-               return new Date(sequences.properties.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
-
-           if (toDate) {
-             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequences) {
-               return new Date(sequences.properties.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
+         function update(selection) {
+           // choose loc1, loc2 along bottom of viewport (near where the scale will be drawn)
+           var dims = context.map().dimensions(),
+               loc1 = projection.invert([0, dims[1]]),
+               loc2 = projection.invert([maxLength, dims[1]]),
+               scale = scaleDefs(loc1, loc2);
+           selection.select('.scale-path').attr('d', 'M0.5,0.5v' + tickHeight + 'h' + scale.px + 'v-' + tickHeight);
+           selection.select('.scale-text').style(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'left' : 'right', scale.px + 16 + 'px').html(scale.text);
+         }
 
-           if (usernames) {
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequences) {
-               return usernames.indexOf(sequences.properties.captured_by) !== -1;
-             });
+         return function (selection) {
+           function switchUnits() {
+             isImperial = !isImperial;
+             selection.call(update);
            }
 
-           return sequences;
-         }
-         /**
-          * update().
-          */
-
+           var scalegroup = selection.append('svg').attr('class', 'scale').on('click', switchUnits).append('g').attr('transform', 'translate(10,11)');
+           scalegroup.append('path').attr('class', 'scale-path');
+           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'scale-text');
+           selection.call(update);
+           context.map().on('move.scale', function () {
+             update(selection);
+           });
+         };
+       }
 
-         function update() {
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
-           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
-           var showMarkers = z >= minMarkerZoom;
-           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
-           var service = getService();
-           var sequences = [];
-           var bubbles = [];
+       function uiShortcuts(context) {
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var _activeTab = 0;
 
-           if (context.photos().showsPanoramic()) {
-             sequences = service ? service.sequences(projection) : [];
-             bubbles = service && showMarkers ? service.bubbles(projection) : [];
-             sequences = filterSequences(sequences);
-             bubbles = filterBubbles(bubbles);
-           }
+         var _modalSelection;
 
-           var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence').data(sequences, function (d) {
-             return d.properties.key;
-           }); // exit
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-           traces.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         var _dataShortcuts;
 
-           traces = traces.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'sequence').merge(traces).attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
-           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(bubbles, function (d) {
-             // force reenter once bubbles are attached to a sequence
-             return d.key + (d.sequenceKey ? 'v1' : 'v0');
-           }); // exit
+         function shortcutsModal(_modalSelection) {
+           _modalSelection.select('.modal').classed('modal-shortcuts', true);
 
-           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
+           var content = _modalSelection.select('.content');
 
-           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group').on('mouseenter', mouseover).on('mouseleave', mouseout).on('click', click);
-           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
+           content.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('h3').html(_t.html('shortcuts.title'));
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('shortcuts').then(function (data) {
+             _dataShortcuts = data;
+             content.call(render);
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           });
+         }
 
-           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return a === selected ? 1 : b === selected ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
-           }).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
-           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
-           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
-           viewfields.exit().remove(); // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
-           // but if they are, draw below the circles
+         function render(selection) {
+           if (!_dataShortcuts) return;
+           var wrapper = selection.selectAll('.wrapper').data([0]);
+           var wrapperEnter = wrapper.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'wrapper modal-section');
+           var tabsBar = wrapperEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'tabs-bar');
+           var shortcutsList = wrapperEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'shortcuts-list');
+           wrapper = wrapper.merge(wrapperEnter);
+           var tabs = tabsBar.selectAll('.tab').data(_dataShortcuts);
+           var tabsEnter = tabs.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'tab').attr('href', '#').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-           viewfields.enter().insert('path', 'circle').attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
+             var i = _dataShortcuts.indexOf(d);
 
-           function viewfieldPath() {
-             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
+             _activeTab = i;
+             render(selection);
+           });
+           tabsEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(d.text);
+           }); // Update
 
-             if (d.pano) {
-               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+           wrapper.selectAll('.tab').classed('active', function (d, i) {
+             return i === _activeTab;
+           });
+           var shortcuts = shortcutsList.selectAll('.shortcut-tab').data(_dataShortcuts);
+           var shortcutsEnter = shortcuts.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'shortcut-tab shortcut-tab-' + d.tab;
+           });
+           var columnsEnter = shortcutsEnter.selectAll('.shortcut-column').data(function (d) {
+             return d.columns;
+           }).enter().append('table').attr('class', 'shortcut-column');
+           var rowsEnter = columnsEnter.selectAll('.shortcut-row').data(function (d) {
+             return d.rows;
+           }).enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'shortcut-row');
+           var sectionRows = rowsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.shortcuts;
+           });
+           sectionRows.append('td');
+           sectionRows.append('td').attr('class', 'shortcut-section').append('h3').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(d.text);
+           });
+           var shortcutRows = rowsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.shortcuts;
+           });
+           var shortcutKeys = shortcutRows.append('td').attr('class', 'shortcut-keys');
+           var modifierKeys = shortcutKeys.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.modifiers;
+           });
+           modifierKeys.selectAll('kbd.modifier').data(function (d) {
+             if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
+               return ['⌘'];
+             } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
+               return [];
              } else {
-               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+               return d.modifiers;
              }
-           }
-         }
-         /**
-          * drawImages()
-          * drawImages is the method that is returned (and that runs) every time 'svgStreetside()' is called.
-          * 'svgStreetside()' is called from index.js
-          */
+           }).enter().each(function () {
+             var selection = select(this);
+             selection.append('kbd').attr('class', 'modifier').html(function (d) {
+               return uiCmd.display(d);
+             });
+             selection.append('span').html('+');
+           });
+           shortcutKeys.selectAll('kbd.shortcut').data(function (d) {
+             var arr = d.shortcuts;
+
+             if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
+               arr = ['Y'];
+             } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
+               arr = ['F11'];
+             } // replace translations
 
 
-         function drawImages(selection) {
-           var enabled = svgStreetside.enabled;
-           var service = getService();
-           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-streetside-images').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           layer.exit().remove();
-           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-streetside-images').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
-           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'sequences');
-           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
-           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
+             arr = arr.map(function (s) {
+               return uiCmd.display(s.indexOf('.') !== -1 ? _t(s) : s);
+             });
+             return utilArrayUniq(arr).map(function (s) {
+               return {
+                 shortcut: s,
+                 separator: d.separator,
+                 suffix: d.suffix
+               };
+             });
+           }).enter().each(function (d, i, nodes) {
+             var selection = select(this);
+             var click = d.shortcut.toLowerCase().match(/(.*).click/);
 
-           if (enabled) {
-             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-               editOn();
-               update();
-               service.loadBubbles(projection);
+             if (click && click[1]) {
+               // replace "left_click", "right_click" with mouse icon
+               selection.call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-' + click[1], 'operation'));
+             } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'long-press') {
+               selection.call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'longpress operation'));
+             } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'tap') {
+               selection.call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'tap operation'));
              } else {
-               editOff();
+               selection.append('kbd').attr('class', 'shortcut').html(function (d) {
+                 return d.shortcut;
+               });
              }
-           }
+
+             if (i < nodes.length - 1) {
+               selection.append('span').html(d.separator || "\xA0" + _t.html('shortcuts.or') + "\xA0");
+             } else if (i === nodes.length - 1 && d.suffix) {
+               selection.append('span').html(d.suffix);
+             }
+           });
+           shortcutKeys.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.gesture;
+           }).each(function () {
+             var selection = select(this);
+             selection.append('span').html('+');
+             selection.append('span').attr('class', 'gesture').html(function (d) {
+               return _t.html(d.gesture);
+             });
+           });
+           shortcutRows.append('td').attr('class', 'shortcut-desc').html(function (d) {
+             return d.text ? _t.html(d.text) : "\xA0";
+           }); // Update
+
+           wrapper.selectAll('.shortcut-tab').style('display', function (d, i) {
+             return i === _activeTab ? 'flex' : 'none';
+           });
          }
-         /**
-          * drawImages.enabled().
-          */
 
+         return function (selection, show) {
+           _selection = selection;
 
-         drawImages.enabled = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return svgStreetside.enabled;
-           svgStreetside.enabled = _;
+           if (show) {
+             _modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
 
-           if (svgStreetside.enabled) {
-             showLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.streetside', update);
+             _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
            } else {
-             hideLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.streetside', null);
-           }
+             context.keybinding().on([_t('shortcuts.toggle.key'), '?'], function () {
+               if (context.container().selectAll('.modal-shortcuts').size()) {
+                 // already showing
+                 if (_modalSelection) {
+                   _modalSelection.close();
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
+                   _modalSelection = null;
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 _modalSelection = uiModal(_selection);
+
+                 _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
+               }
+             });
+           }
          };
-         /**
-          * drawImages.supported().
-          */
+       }
 
+       function uiDataHeader() {
+         var _datum;
 
-         drawImages.supported = function () {
-           return !!getService();
+         function dataHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.data-header').data(_datum ? [_datum] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.__featurehash__;
+           });
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'data-header');
+           var iconEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'data-header-icon');
+           iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon-28').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-data', 'note-fill'));
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'data-header-label').html(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.title'));
+         }
+
+         dataHeader.datum = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _datum;
+           _datum = val;
+           return this;
          };
 
-         init();
-         return drawImages;
+         return dataHeader;
        }
 
-       function svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           dispatch.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
-
-         var minZoom = 12;
-         var minMarkerZoom = 16;
-         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
-         var layer = select(null);
+       // It is keyed on the `value` of the entry. Data should be an array of objects like:
+       //   [{
+       //       value:   'string value',  // required
+       //       display: 'label html'     // optional
+       //       title:   'hover text'     // optional
+       //       terms:   ['search terms'] // optional
+       //   }, ...]
 
-         var _mapillary;
+       var _comboHideTimerID;
 
-         var viewerCompassAngle;
+       function uiCombobox(context, klass) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('accept', 'cancel');
+         var container = context.container();
+         var _suggestions = [];
+         var _data = [];
+         var _fetched = {};
+         var _selected = null;
+         var _canAutocomplete = true;
+         var _caseSensitive = false;
+         var _cancelFetch = false;
+         var _minItems = 2;
+         var _tDown = 0;
 
-         function init() {
-           if (svgMapillaryImages.initialized) return; // run once
+         var _mouseEnterHandler, _mouseLeaveHandler;
 
-           svgMapillaryImages.enabled = false;
-           svgMapillaryImages.initialized = true;
-         }
+         var _fetcher = function _fetcher(val, cb) {
+           cb(_data.filter(function (d) {
+             var terms = d.terms || [];
+             terms.push(d.value);
+             return terms.some(function (term) {
+               return term.toString().toLowerCase().indexOf(val.toLowerCase()) !== -1;
+             });
+           }));
+         };
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
-             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
+         var combobox = function combobox(input, attachTo) {
+           if (!input || input.empty()) return;
+           input.classed('combobox-input', true).on('focus.combo-input', focus).on('blur.combo-input', blur).on('keydown.combo-input', keydown).on('keyup.combo-input', keyup).on('input.combo-input', change).on('mousedown.combo-input', mousedown).each(function () {
+             var parent = this.parentNode;
+             var sibling = this.nextSibling;
+             select(parent).selectAll('.combobox-caret').filter(function (d) {
+               return d === input.node();
+             }).data([input.node()]).enter().insert('div', function () {
+               return sibling;
+             }).attr('class', 'combobox-caret').on('mousedown.combo-caret', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
 
-             _mapillary.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
-             _mapillary = null;
-           }
+               input.node().focus(); // focus the input as if it was clicked
 
-           return _mapillary;
-         }
+               mousedown(d3_event);
+             }).on('mouseup.combo-caret', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
 
-         function showLayer() {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           editOn();
-           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
-             dispatch.call('change');
+               mouseup(d3_event);
+             });
            });
-         }
 
-         function hideLayer() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', editOff);
-         }
+           function mousedown(d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return; // left click only
 
-         function editOn() {
-           layer.style('display', 'block');
-         }
+             _tDown = +new Date(); // clear selection
 
-         function editOff() {
-           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
-           layer.style('display', 'none');
-         }
+             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
 
-         function click(d3_event, d) {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
-             service.selectImage(context, d.key).showViewer(context);
-           });
-           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
-         }
+             if (start !== end) {
+               var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+               input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
+               return;
+             }
 
-         function mouseover(d) {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
-         }
+             input.on('mouseup.combo-input', mouseup);
+           }
 
-         function mouseout() {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
-         }
+           function mouseup(d3_event) {
+             input.on('mouseup.combo-input', null);
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return; // left click only
 
-         function transform(d) {
-           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
+             if (input.node() !== document.activeElement) return; // exit if this input is not focused
 
-           if (d.pano && viewerCompassAngle !== null && isFinite(viewerCompassAngle)) {
-             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(viewerCompassAngle) + ',0,0)';
-           } else if (d.ca) {
-             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
-           }
+             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
+             if (start !== end) return; // exit if user is selecting
+             // not showing or showing for a different field - try to show it.
 
-           return t;
-         }
+             var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
 
-         function filterImages(images) {
-           var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
-           var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
-           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
-           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
-           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
+             if (combo.empty() || combo.datum() !== input.node()) {
+               var tOrig = _tDown;
+               window.setTimeout(function () {
+                 if (tOrig !== _tDown) return; // exit if user double clicked
 
-           if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
-             images = images.filter(function (image) {
-               if (image.pano) return showsPano;
-               return showsFlat;
-             });
+                 fetchComboData('', function () {
+                   show();
+                   render();
+                 });
+               }, 250);
+             } else {
+               hide();
+             }
            }
 
-           if (fromDate) {
-             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
-             images = images.filter(function (image) {
-               return new Date(image.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
-             });
+           function focus() {
+             fetchComboData(''); // prefetch values (may warm taginfo cache)
            }
 
-           if (toDate) {
-             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
-             images = images.filter(function (image) {
-               return new Date(image.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
-             });
+           function blur() {
+             _comboHideTimerID = window.setTimeout(hide, 75);
            }
 
-           if (usernames) {
-             images = images.filter(function (image) {
-               return usernames.indexOf(image.captured_by) !== -1;
+           function show() {
+             hide(); // remove any existing
+
+             container.insert('div', ':first-child').datum(input.node()).attr('class', 'combobox' + (klass ? ' combobox-' + klass : '')).style('position', 'absolute').style('display', 'block').style('left', '0px').on('mousedown.combo-container', function (d3_event) {
+               // prevent moving focus out of the input field
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
              });
+             container.on('scroll.combo-scroll', render, true);
            }
 
-           return images;
-         }
+           function hide() {
+             if (_comboHideTimerID) {
+               window.clearTimeout(_comboHideTimerID);
+               _comboHideTimerID = undefined;
+             }
 
-         function filterSequences(sequences, service) {
-           var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
-           var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
-           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
-           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
-           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
+             container.selectAll('.combobox').remove();
+             container.on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
+           }
 
-           if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
-               if (sequence.properties.hasOwnProperty('pano')) {
-                 if (sequence.properties.pano) return showsPano;
-                 return showsFlat;
-               } else {
-                 // if the sequence doesn't specify pano or not, search its images
-                 var cProps = sequence.properties.coordinateProperties;
+           function keydown(d3_event) {
+             var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
+             var tagName = input.node() ? input.node().tagName.toLowerCase() : '';
 
-                 if (cProps && cProps.image_keys && cProps.image_keys.length > 0) {
-                   for (var index in cProps.image_keys) {
-                     var imageKey = cProps.image_keys[index];
-                     var image = service.cachedImage(imageKey);
+             switch (d3_event.keyCode) {
+               case 8: // ⌫ Backspace
 
-                     if (image && image.hasOwnProperty('pano')) {
-                       if (image.pano) return showsPano;
-                       return showsFlat;
-                     }
-                   }
+               case 46:
+                 // ⌦ Delete
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                 _selected = null;
+                 render();
+                 input.on('input.combo-input', function () {
+                   var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+                   input.node().setSelectionRange(start, start);
+                   input.on('input.combo-input', change);
+                 });
+                 break;
+
+               case 9:
+                 // ⇥ Tab
+                 accept();
+                 break;
+
+               case 13:
+                 // ↩ Return
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                 break;
+
+               case 38:
+                 // ↑ Up arrow
+                 if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) return;
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+
+                 if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
+                   show();
                  }
-               }
 
-               return false;
-             });
-           }
+                 nav(-1);
+                 break;
 
-           if (fromDate) {
-             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
-               return new Date(sequence.properties.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
+               case 40:
+                 // ↓ Down arrow
+                 if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) return;
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-           if (toDate) {
-             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
-               return new Date(sequence.properties.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
+                 if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
+                   show();
+                 }
 
-           if (usernames) {
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
-               return usernames.indexOf(sequence.properties.username) !== -1;
-             });
+                 nav(+1);
+                 break;
+             }
            }
 
-           return sequences;
-         }
+           function keyup(d3_event) {
+             switch (d3_event.keyCode) {
+               case 27:
+                 // ⎋ Escape
+                 cancel();
+                 break;
 
-         function update() {
-           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
-           var showMarkers = z >= minMarkerZoom;
-           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
-           var service = getService();
-           var sequences = service ? service.sequences(projection) : [];
-           var images = service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : [];
-           images = filterImages(images);
-           sequences = filterSequences(sequences, service);
-           service.filterViewer(context);
-           var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence').data(sequences, function (d) {
-             return d.properties.key;
-           }); // exit
+               case 13:
+                 // ↩ Return
+                 accept();
+                 break;
+             }
+           } // Called whenever the input value is changed (e.g. on typing)
 
-           traces.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-           traces = traces.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'sequence').merge(traces).attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
-           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(images, function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }); // exit
+           function change() {
+             fetchComboData(value(), function () {
+               _selected = null;
+               var val = input.property('value');
 
-           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
+               if (_suggestions.length) {
+                 if (input.property('selectionEnd') === val.length) {
+                   _selected = tryAutocomplete();
+                 }
 
-           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group').on('mouseenter', mouseover).on('mouseleave', mouseout).on('click', click);
-           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
+                 if (!_selected) {
+                   _selected = val;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
-           }).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
-           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
-           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
-           viewfields.exit().remove();
-           viewfields.enter() // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
-           .insert('path', 'circle') // but if they are, draw below the circles
-           .attr('class', 'viewfield').classed('pano', function () {
-             return this.parentNode.__data__.pano;
-           }).attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
+               if (val.length) {
+                 var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
 
-           function viewfieldPath() {
-             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
+                 if (combo.empty()) {
+                   show();
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 hide();
+               }
 
-             if (d.pano) {
-               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
-             } else {
-               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
-             }
-           }
-         }
+               render();
+             });
+           } // Called when the user presses up/down arrows to navigate the list
 
-         function drawImages(selection) {
-           var enabled = svgMapillaryImages.enabled;
-           var service = getService();
-           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           layer.exit().remove();
-           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
-           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'sequences');
-           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
-           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-           if (enabled) {
-             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-               editOn();
-               update();
-               service.loadImages(projection);
-             } else {
-               editOff();
+           function nav(dir) {
+             if (_suggestions.length) {
+               // try to determine previously selected index..
+               var index = -1;
+
+               for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
+                 if (_selected && _suggestions[i].value === _selected) {
+                   index = i;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               } // pick new _selected
+
+
+               index = Math.max(Math.min(index + dir, _suggestions.length - 1), 0);
+               _selected = _suggestions[index].value;
+               input.property('value', _selected);
              }
+
+             render();
+             ensureVisible();
            }
-         }
 
-         drawImages.enabled = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillaryImages.enabled;
-           svgMapillaryImages.enabled = _;
+           function ensureVisible() {
+             var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
+             if (combo.empty()) return;
+             var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+             var comboRect = combo.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+
+             if (comboRect.bottom > containerRect.bottom) {
+               var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
+               node.scrollIntoView({
+                 behavior: 'instant',
+                 block: 'center'
+               });
+               render();
+             } // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11039885/scrollintoview-causing-the-whole-page-to-move
+
 
-           if (svgMapillaryImages.enabled) {
-             showLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_images', update);
-           } else {
-             hideLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_images', null);
-           }
+             var selected = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option.selected').node();
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
+             if (selected) {
+               selected.scrollIntoView({
+                 behavior: 'smooth',
+                 block: 'nearest'
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
-         drawImages.supported = function () {
-           return !!getService();
-         };
+           function value() {
+             var value = input.property('value');
+             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
 
-         init();
-         return drawImages;
-       }
+             if (start && end) {
+               value = value.substring(0, start);
+             }
 
-       function svgMapillaryPosition(projection, context) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           update();
-         }, 1000);
+             return value;
+           }
 
-         var minZoom = 12;
-         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
-         var layer = select(null);
+           function fetchComboData(v, cb) {
+             _cancelFetch = false;
 
-         var _mapillary;
+             _fetcher.call(input, v, function (results) {
+               // already chose a value, don't overwrite or autocomplete it
+               if (_cancelFetch) return;
+               _suggestions = results;
+               results.forEach(function (d) {
+                 _fetched[d.value] = d;
+               });
 
-         var viewerCompassAngle;
+               if (cb) {
+                 cb();
+               }
+             });
+           }
 
-         function init() {
-           if (svgMapillaryPosition.initialized) return; // run once
+           function tryAutocomplete() {
+             if (!_canAutocomplete) return;
+             var val = _caseSensitive ? value() : value().toLowerCase();
+             if (!val) return; // Don't autocomplete if user is typing a number - #4935
 
-           svgMapillaryPosition.initialized = true;
-         }
+             if (!isNaN(parseFloat(val)) && isFinite(val)) return;
+             var bestIndex = -1;
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
-             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
+             for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
+               var suggestion = _suggestions[i].value;
+               var compare = _caseSensitive ? suggestion : suggestion.toLowerCase(); // if search string matches suggestion exactly, pick it..
 
-             _mapillary.event.on('nodeChanged', throttledRedraw);
+               if (compare === val) {
+                 bestIndex = i;
+                 break; // otherwise lock in the first result that starts with the search string..
+               } else if (bestIndex === -1 && compare.indexOf(val) === 0) {
+                 bestIndex = i;
+               }
+             }
 
-             _mapillary.event.on('bearingChanged', function (e) {
-               viewerCompassAngle = e;
-               if (context.map().isTransformed()) return;
-               layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView').filter(function (d) {
-                 return d.pano;
-               }).attr('transform', transform);
-             });
-           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
-             _mapillary = null;
+             if (bestIndex !== -1) {
+               var bestVal = _suggestions[bestIndex].value;
+               input.property('value', bestVal);
+               input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, bestVal.length);
+               return bestVal;
+             }
            }
 
-           return _mapillary;
-         }
+           function render() {
+             if (_suggestions.length < _minItems || document.activeElement !== input.node()) {
+               hide();
+               return;
+             }
 
-         function editOn() {
-           layer.style('display', 'block');
-         }
+             var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
+             if (!shown) return;
+             var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
+             var options = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option').data(_suggestions, function (d) {
+               return d.value;
+             });
+             options.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-         function editOff() {
-           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
-           layer.style('display', 'none');
-         }
+             options.enter().append('a').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'combobox-option ' + (d.klass || '');
+             }).attr('title', function (d) {
+               return d.title;
+             }).html(function (d) {
+               return d.display || d.value;
+             }).on('mouseenter', _mouseEnterHandler).on('mouseleave', _mouseLeaveHandler).merge(options).classed('selected', function (d) {
+               return d.value === _selected;
+             }).on('click.combo-option', accept).order();
+             var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
+             var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+             var rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();
+             combo.style('left', rect.left + 5 - containerRect.left + 'px').style('width', rect.width - 10 + 'px').style('top', rect.height + rect.top - containerRect.top + 'px');
+           } // Dispatches an 'accept' event
+           // Then hides the combobox.
 
-         function transform(d) {
-           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
 
-           if (d.pano && viewerCompassAngle !== null && isFinite(viewerCompassAngle)) {
-             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(viewerCompassAngle) + ',0,0)';
-           } else if (d.ca) {
-             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
-           }
+           function accept(d3_event, d) {
+             _cancelFetch = true;
+             var thiz = input.node();
 
-           return t;
-         }
+             if (d) {
+               // user clicked on a suggestion
+               utilGetSetValue(input, d.value); // replace field contents
 
-         function update() {
-           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
-           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
-           var service = getService();
-           var node = service && service.getActiveImage();
-           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(node ? [node] : [], function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }); // exit
+               utilTriggerEvent(input, 'change');
+             } // clear (and keep) selection
 
-           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group currentView highlighted');
-           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
+             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+             thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
+             d = _fetched[val];
+             dispatch.call('accept', thiz, d, val);
+             hide();
+           } // Dispatches an 'cancel' event
+           // Then hides the combobox.
 
-           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
-           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
-           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
-           viewfields.exit().remove();
-           viewfields.enter().insert('path', 'circle').attr('class', 'viewfield').classed('pano', function () {
-             return this.parentNode.__data__.pano;
-           }).attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
 
-           function viewfieldPath() {
-             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
+           function cancel() {
+             _cancelFetch = true;
+             var thiz = input.node(); // clear (and remove) selection, and replace field contents
 
-             if (d.pano) {
-               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
-             } else {
-               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
-             }
+             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
+             val = val.slice(0, start) + val.slice(end);
+             utilGetSetValue(input, val);
+             thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
+             dispatch.call('cancel', thiz);
+             hide();
            }
-         }
+         };
 
-         function drawImages(selection) {
-           var service = getService();
-           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-position').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           layer.exit().remove();
-           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-position');
-           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
-           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
+         combobox.canAutocomplete = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _canAutocomplete;
+           _canAutocomplete = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
 
-           if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-             editOn();
-             update();
-           } else {
-             editOff();
-           }
-         }
+         combobox.caseSensitive = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _caseSensitive;
+           _caseSensitive = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
 
-         drawImages.enabled = function () {
-           update();
-           return this;
+         combobox.data = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _data;
+           _data = val;
+           return combobox;
          };
 
-         drawImages.supported = function () {
-           return !!getService();
+         combobox.fetcher = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _fetcher;
+           _fetcher = val;
+           return combobox;
          };
 
-         init();
-         return drawImages;
+         combobox.minItems = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _minItems;
+           _minItems = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
+
+         combobox.itemsMouseEnter = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _mouseEnterHandler;
+           _mouseEnterHandler = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
+
+         combobox.itemsMouseLeave = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _mouseLeaveHandler;
+           _mouseLeaveHandler = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
+
+         return utilRebind(combobox, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           dispatch.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
+       uiCombobox.off = function (input, context) {
+         input.on('focus.combo-input', null).on('blur.combo-input', null).on('keydown.combo-input', null).on('keyup.combo-input', null).on('input.combo-input', null).on('mousedown.combo-input', null).on('mouseup.combo-input', null);
+         context.container().on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
+       };
 
-         var minZoom = 12;
-         var layer = select(null);
+       function uiDisclosure(context, key, expandedDefault) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('toggled');
 
-         var _mapillary;
+         var _expanded;
 
-         function init() {
-           if (svgMapillarySigns.initialized) return; // run once
+         var _label = utilFunctor('');
 
-           svgMapillarySigns.enabled = false;
-           svgMapillarySigns.initialized = true;
-         }
+         var _updatePreference = true;
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
-             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
+         var _content = function _content() {};
 
-             _mapillary.event.on('loadedSigns', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
-             _mapillary = null;
+         var disclosure = function disclosure(selection) {
+           if (_expanded === undefined || _expanded === null) {
+             // loading _expanded here allows it to be reset by calling `disclosure.expanded(null)`
+             var preference = corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded');
+             _expanded = preference === null ? !!expandedDefault : preference === 'true';
            }
 
-           return _mapillary;
-         }
+           var hideToggle = selection.selectAll('.hide-toggle-' + key).data([0]); // enter
 
-         function showLayer() {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           service.loadSignResources(context);
-           editOn();
-         }
+           var hideToggleEnter = hideToggle.enter().append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'hide-toggle hide-toggle-' + key).call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text', 'hide-toggle-icon'));
+           hideToggleEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'hide-toggle-text'); // update
 
-         function hideLayer() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           editOff();
-         }
+           hideToggle = hideToggleEnter.merge(hideToggle);
+           hideToggle.on('click', toggle).classed('expanded', _expanded);
+           hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-text').html(_label());
+           hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon').attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down' : _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward');
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.disclosure-wrap').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-         function editOn() {
-           layer.style('display', 'block');
-         }
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'disclosure-wrap disclosure-wrap-' + key).merge(wrap).classed('hide', !_expanded);
 
-         function editOff() {
-           layer.selectAll('.icon-sign').remove();
-           layer.style('display', 'none');
-         }
+           if (_expanded) {
+             wrap.call(_content);
+           }
 
-         function click(d3_event, d) {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
-           var selectedImageKey = service.getSelectedImageKey();
-           var imageKey;
-           var highlightedDetection; // Pick one of the images the sign was detected in,
-           // preference given to an image already selected.
+           function toggle(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             _expanded = !_expanded;
 
-           d.detections.forEach(function (detection) {
-             if (!imageKey || selectedImageKey === detection.image_key) {
-               imageKey = detection.image_key;
-               highlightedDetection = detection;
+             if (_updatePreference) {
+               corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded', _expanded);
              }
-           });
 
-           if (imageKey === selectedImageKey) {
-             service.highlightDetection(highlightedDetection).selectImage(context, imageKey);
-           } else {
-             service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
-               service.highlightDetection(highlightedDetection).selectImage(context, imageKey).showViewer(context);
-             });
-           }
-         }
+             hideToggle.classed('expanded', _expanded);
+             hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon').attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down' : _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward');
+             wrap.call(uiToggle(_expanded));
 
-         function filterData(detectedFeatures) {
-           var service = getService();
-           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
-           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
-           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
+             if (_expanded) {
+               wrap.call(_content);
+             }
 
-           if (fromDate) {
-             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
-             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
-               return new Date(feature.last_seen_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
-             });
+             dispatch.call('toggled', this, _expanded);
            }
+         };
 
-           if (toDate) {
-             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
-             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
-               return new Date(feature.first_seen_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
+         disclosure.label = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
+           _label = utilFunctor(val);
+           return disclosure;
+         };
 
-           if (usernames && service) {
-             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
-               return feature.detections.some(function (detection) {
-                 var imageKey = detection.image_key;
-                 var image = service.cachedImage(imageKey);
-                 return image && usernames.indexOf(image.captured_by) !== -1;
-               });
-             });
-           }
+         disclosure.expanded = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _expanded;
+           _expanded = val;
+           return disclosure;
+         };
 
-           return detectedFeatures;
-         }
+         disclosure.updatePreference = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _updatePreference;
+           _updatePreference = val;
+           return disclosure;
+         };
 
-         function update() {
-           var service = getService();
-           var data = service ? service.signs(projection) : [];
-           data = filterData(data);
-           var selectedImageKey = service.getSelectedImageKey();
-           var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);
-           var signs = layer.selectAll('.icon-sign').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }); // exit
+         disclosure.content = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _content;
+           _content = val;
+           return disclosure;
+         };
 
-           signs.exit().remove(); // enter
+         return utilRebind(disclosure, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           var enter = signs.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'icon-sign icon-detected').on('click', click);
-           enter.append('use').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             return '#' + d.value;
-           });
-           enter.append('rect').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px'); // update
+       // Can be labeled and collapsible.
 
-           signs.merge(enter).attr('transform', transform).classed('currentView', function (d) {
-             return d.detections.some(function (detection) {
-               return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-             });
-           }).sort(function (a, b) {
-             var aSelected = a.detections.some(function (detection) {
-               return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-             });
-             var bSelected = b.detections.some(function (detection) {
-               return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-             });
+       function uiSection(id, context) {
+         var _classes = utilFunctor('');
 
-             if (aSelected === bSelected) {
-               return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
-             } else if (aSelected) {
-               return 1;
-             }
+         var _shouldDisplay;
 
-             return -1;
-           });
-         }
+         var _content;
 
-         function drawSigns(selection) {
-           var enabled = svgMapillarySigns.enabled;
-           var service = getService();
-           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-signs').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           layer.exit().remove();
-           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-signs layer-mapillary-detections').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(layer);
+         var _disclosure;
 
-           if (enabled) {
-             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-               editOn();
-               update();
-               service.loadSigns(projection);
-               service.showSignDetections(true);
-             } else {
-               editOff();
-             }
-           } else if (service) {
-             service.showSignDetections(false);
-           }
-         }
+         var _label;
 
-         drawSigns.enabled = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillarySigns.enabled;
-           svgMapillarySigns.enabled = _;
+         var _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(true);
 
-           if (svgMapillarySigns.enabled) {
-             showLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_signs', update);
-           } else {
-             hideLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_signs', null);
-           }
+         var _disclosureContent;
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
+         var _disclosureExpanded;
+
+         var _containerSelection = select(null);
+
+         var section = {
+           id: id
          };
 
-         drawSigns.supported = function () {
-           return !!getService();
+         section.classes = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _classes;
+           _classes = utilFunctor(val);
+           return section;
          };
 
-         init();
-         return drawSigns;
-       }
+         section.label = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
+           _label = utilFunctor(val);
+           return section;
+         };
 
-       function svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           dispatch.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
+         section.expandedByDefault = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _expandedByDefault;
+           _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(val);
+           return section;
+         };
 
-         var minZoom = 12;
-         var layer = select(null);
+         section.shouldDisplay = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _shouldDisplay;
+           _shouldDisplay = utilFunctor(val);
+           return section;
+         };
 
-         var _mapillary;
+         section.content = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _content;
+           _content = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-         function init() {
-           if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized) return; // run once
+         section.disclosureContent = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _disclosureContent;
+           _disclosureContent = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = false;
-           svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized = true;
-         }
+         section.disclosureExpanded = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _disclosureExpanded;
+           _disclosureExpanded = val;
+           return section;
+         }; // may be called multiple times
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
-             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
 
-             _mapillary.event.on('loadedMapFeatures', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
-             _mapillary = null;
-           }
+         section.render = function (selection) {
+           _containerSelection = selection.selectAll('.section-' + id).data([0]);
 
-           return _mapillary;
-         }
+           var sectionEnter = _containerSelection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'section section-' + id + ' ' + (_classes && _classes() || ''));
+
+           _containerSelection = sectionEnter.merge(_containerSelection);
+
+           _containerSelection.call(renderContent);
+         };
+
+         section.reRender = function () {
+           _containerSelection.call(renderContent);
+         };
+
+         section.selection = function () {
+           return _containerSelection;
+         };
 
-         function showLayer() {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           service.loadObjectResources(context);
-           editOn();
-         }
+         section.disclosure = function () {
+           return _disclosure;
+         }; // may be called multiple times
 
-         function hideLayer() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           editOff();
-         }
 
-         function editOn() {
-           layer.style('display', 'block');
-         }
+         function renderContent(selection) {
+           if (_shouldDisplay) {
+             var shouldDisplay = _shouldDisplay();
 
-         function editOff() {
-           layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature').remove();
-           layer.style('display', 'none');
-         }
+             selection.classed('hide', !shouldDisplay);
 
-         function click(d3_event, d) {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
-           var selectedImageKey = service.getSelectedImageKey();
-           var imageKey;
-           var highlightedDetection; // Pick one of the images the map feature was detected in,
-           // preference given to an image already selected.
+             if (!shouldDisplay) {
+               selection.html('');
+               return;
+             }
+           }
 
-           d.detections.forEach(function (detection) {
-             if (!imageKey || selectedImageKey === detection.image_key) {
-               imageKey = detection.image_key;
-               highlightedDetection = detection;
+           if (_disclosureContent) {
+             if (!_disclosure) {
+               _disclosure = uiDisclosure(context, id.replace(/-/g, '_'), _expandedByDefault()).label(_label || '')
+               /*.on('toggled', function(expanded) {
+                   if (expanded) { selection.node().parentNode.scrollTop += 200; }
+               })*/
+               .content(_disclosureContent);
              }
-           });
 
-           if (imageKey === selectedImageKey) {
-             service.highlightDetection(highlightedDetection).selectImage(context, imageKey);
-           } else {
-             service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
-               service.highlightDetection(highlightedDetection).selectImage(context, imageKey).showViewer(context);
-             });
-           }
-         }
+             if (_disclosureExpanded !== undefined) {
+               _disclosure.expanded(_disclosureExpanded);
 
-         function filterData(detectedFeatures) {
-           var service = getService();
-           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
-           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
-           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
+               _disclosureExpanded = undefined;
+             }
 
-           if (fromDate) {
-             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
-             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
-               return new Date(feature.last_seen_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
-             });
+             selection.call(_disclosure);
+             return;
            }
 
-           if (toDate) {
-             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
-             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
-               return new Date(feature.first_seen_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
-             });
+           if (_content) {
+             selection.call(_content);
            }
+         }
 
-           if (usernames && service) {
-             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
-               return feature.detections.some(function (detection) {
-                 var imageKey = detection.image_key;
-                 var image = service.cachedImage(imageKey);
-                 return image && usernames.indexOf(image.captured_by) !== -1;
-               });
-             });
-           }
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           return detectedFeatures;
-         }
+       // {
+       //   key: 'string',     // required
+       //   value: 'string'    // optional
+       // }
+       //   -or-
+       // {
+       //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
+       // }
+       //
 
-         function update() {
-           var service = getService();
-           var data = service ? service.mapFeatures(projection) : [];
-           data = filterData(data);
-           var selectedImageKey = service && service.getSelectedImageKey();
-           var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);
-           var mapFeatures = layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }); // exit
+       function uiTagReference(what) {
+         var wikibase = what.qid ? services.wikidata : services.osmWikibase;
+         var tagReference = {};
 
-           mapFeatures.exit().remove(); // enter
+         var _button = select(null);
 
-           var enter = mapFeatures.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'icon-map-feature icon-detected').on('click', click);
-           enter.append('title').text(function (d) {
-             var id = d.value.replace(/--/g, '.').replace(/-/g, '_');
-             return _t('mapillary_map_features.' + id);
-           });
-           enter.append('use').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             if (d.value === 'object--billboard') {
-               // no billboard icon right now, so use the advertisement icon
-               return '#object--sign--advertisement';
-             }
+         var _body = select(null);
 
-             return '#' + d.value;
-           });
-           enter.append('rect').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px'); // update
+         var _loaded;
 
-           mapFeatures.merge(enter).attr('transform', transform).classed('currentView', function (d) {
-             return d.detections.some(function (detection) {
-               return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-             });
-           }).sort(function (a, b) {
-             var aSelected = a.detections.some(function (detection) {
-               return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-             });
-             var bSelected = b.detections.some(function (detection) {
-               return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-             });
+         var _showing;
 
-             if (aSelected === bSelected) {
-               return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
-             } else if (aSelected) {
-               return 1;
-             }
+         function load() {
+           if (!wikibase) return;
 
-             return -1;
-           });
+           _button.classed('tag-reference-loading', true);
+
+           wikibase.getDocs(what, gotDocs);
          }
 
-         function drawMapFeatures(selection) {
-           var enabled = svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled;
-           var service = getService();
-           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-map-features').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           layer.exit().remove();
-           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-map-features layer-mapillary-detections').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(layer);
+         function gotDocs(err, docs) {
+           _body.html('');
 
-           if (enabled) {
-             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-               editOn();
-               update();
-               service.loadMapFeatures(projection);
-               service.showFeatureDetections(true);
-             } else {
-               editOff();
-             }
-           } else if (service) {
-             service.showFeatureDetections(false);
-           }
-         }
+           if (!docs || !docs.title) {
+             _body.append('p').attr('class', 'tag-reference-description').html(_t.html('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
 
-         drawMapFeatures.enabled = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled;
-           svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = _;
+             done();
+             return;
+           }
 
-           if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled) {
-             showLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_map_features', update);
+           if (docs.imageURL) {
+             _body.append('img').attr('class', 'tag-reference-wiki-image').attr('src', docs.imageURL).on('load', function () {
+               done();
+             }).on('error', function () {
+               select(this).remove();
+               done();
+             });
            } else {
-             hideLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_map_features', null);
+             done();
            }
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
-
-         drawMapFeatures.supported = function () {
-           return !!getService();
-         };
-
-         init();
-         return drawMapFeatures;
-       }
+           _body.append('p').attr('class', 'tag-reference-description').html(docs.description ? _mainLocalizer.htmlForLocalizedText(docs.description, docs.descriptionLocaleCode) : _t.html('inspector.no_documentation_key')).append('a').attr('class', 'tag-reference-edit').attr('target', '_blank').attr('title', _t('inspector.edit_reference')).attr('href', docs.editURL).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-edit', 'inline'));
 
-       function svgOpenstreetcamImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           dispatch.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
+           if (docs.wiki) {
+             _body.append('a').attr('class', 'tag-reference-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', docs.wiki.url).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html(docs.wiki.text));
+           } // Add link to info about "good changeset comments" - #2923
 
-         var minZoom = 12;
-         var minMarkerZoom = 16;
-         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
-         var layer = select(null);
 
-         var _openstreetcam;
+           if (what.key === 'comment') {
+             _body.append('a').attr('class', 'tag-reference-comment-link').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', _t('commit.about_changeset_comments_link')).append('span').html(_t.html('commit.about_changeset_comments'));
+           }
+         }
 
-         function init() {
-           if (svgOpenstreetcamImages.initialized) return; // run once
+         function done() {
+           _loaded = true;
 
-           svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled = false;
-           svgOpenstreetcamImages.initialized = true;
-         }
+           _button.classed('tag-reference-loading', false);
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.openstreetcam && !_openstreetcam) {
-             _openstreetcam = services.openstreetcam;
+           _body.classed('expanded', true).transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '200px').style('opacity', '1');
 
-             _openstreetcam.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.openstreetcam && _openstreetcam) {
-             _openstreetcam = null;
-           }
+           _showing = true;
 
-           return _openstreetcam;
-         }
+           _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function () {
+             var iconUse = select(this);
 
-         function showLayer() {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           editOn();
-           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
-             dispatch.call('change');
+             if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info') {
+               iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info-filled');
+             }
            });
          }
 
-         function hideLayer() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', editOff);
-         }
+         function hide() {
+           _body.transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
+             _body.classed('expanded', false);
+           });
 
-         function editOn() {
-           layer.style('display', 'block');
-         }
+           _showing = false;
 
-         function editOff() {
-           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
-           layer.style('display', 'none');
-         }
+           _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function () {
+             var iconUse = select(this);
 
-         function click(d3_event, d) {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (!service) return;
-           service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
-             service.selectImage(context, d.key).showViewer(context);
+             if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info-filled') {
+               iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info');
+             }
            });
-           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
          }
 
-         function mouseover(d3_event, d) {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
-         }
+         tagReference.button = function (selection, klass, iconName) {
+           _button = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-button').data([0]);
+           _button = _button.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'tag-reference-button ' + (klass || '')).attr('title', _t('icons.information')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (iconName || 'inspect'))).merge(_button);
 
-         function mouseout() {
-           var service = getService();
-           if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
-         }
+           _button.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-         function transform(d) {
-           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
+             if (_showing) {
+               hide();
+             } else if (_loaded) {
+               done();
+             } else {
+               load();
+             }
+           });
+         };
 
-           if (d.ca) {
-             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
-           }
+         tagReference.body = function (selection) {
+           var itemID = what.qid || what.key + '-' + (what.value || '');
+           _body = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-body').data([itemID], function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
 
-           return t;
-         }
+           _body.exit().remove();
 
-         function filterImages(images) {
-           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
-           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
-           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
+           _body = _body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tag-reference-body').style('max-height', '0').style('opacity', '0').merge(_body);
 
-           if (fromDate) {
-             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
-             images = images.filter(function (item) {
-               return new Date(item.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
-             });
+           if (_showing === false) {
+             hide();
            }
+         };
 
-           if (toDate) {
-             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
-             images = images.filter(function (item) {
-               return new Date(item.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
+         tagReference.showing = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _showing;
+           _showing = val;
+           return tagReference;
+         };
 
-           if (usernames) {
-             images = images.filter(function (item) {
-               return usernames.indexOf(item.captured_by) !== -1;
-             });
-           }
+         return tagReference;
+       }
 
-           return images;
-         }
+       function uiSectionRawTagEditor(id, context) {
+         var section = uiSection(id, context).classes('raw-tag-editor').label(function () {
+           var count = Object.keys(_tags).filter(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).length;
+           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: _t.html('inspector.tags'),
+             count: count
+           });
+         }).expandedByDefault(false).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         var taginfo = services.taginfo;
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var availableViews = [{
+           id: 'list',
+           icon: '#fas-th-list'
+         }, {
+           id: 'text',
+           icon: '#fas-i-cursor'
+         }];
 
-         function filterSequences(sequences) {
-           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
-           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
-           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
+         var _tagView = corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view') || 'list'; // 'list, 'text'
 
-           if (fromDate) {
-             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (image) {
-               return new Date(image.properties.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
 
-           if (toDate) {
-             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (image) {
-               return new Date(image.properties.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
-             });
-           }
+         var _readOnlyTags = []; // the keys in the order we want them to display
 
-           if (usernames) {
-             sequences = sequences.filter(function (image) {
-               return usernames.indexOf(image.properties.captured_by) !== -1;
-             });
-           }
+         var _orderedKeys = [];
+         var _showBlank = false;
+         var _pendingChange = null;
 
-           return sequences;
-         }
+         var _state;
 
-         function update() {
-           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
-           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
-           var showMarkers = z >= minMarkerZoom;
-           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
-           var service = getService();
-           var sequences = [];
-           var images = [];
+         var _presets;
 
-           if (context.photos().showsFlat()) {
-             sequences = service ? service.sequences(projection) : [];
-             images = service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : [];
-             sequences = filterSequences(sequences);
-             images = filterImages(images);
-           }
+         var _tags;
 
-           var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence').data(sequences, function (d) {
-             return d.properties.key;
-           }); // exit
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-           traces.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         var _didInteract = false;
 
-           traces = traces.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'sequence').merge(traces).attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
-           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(images, function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }); // exit
+         function interacted() {
+           _didInteract = true;
+         }
 
-           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
+         function renderDisclosureContent(wrap) {
+           // remove deleted keys
+           _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function (key) {
+             return _tags[key] !== undefined;
+           }); // When switching to a different entity or changing the state (hover/select)
+           // reorder the keys alphabetically.
+           // We trigger this by emptying the `_orderedKeys` array, then it will be rebuilt here.
+           // Otherwise leave their order alone - #5857, #5927
 
-           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group').on('mouseenter', mouseover).on('mouseleave', mouseout).on('click', click);
-           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
+           var all = Object.keys(_tags).sort();
+           var missingKeys = utilArrayDifference(all, _orderedKeys);
 
-           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return a === selected ? 1 : b === selected ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
-           }).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
-           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
-           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
-           viewfields.exit().remove();
-           viewfields.enter() // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
-           .insert('path', 'circle') // but if they are, draw below the circles
-           .attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z');
-         }
+           for (var i in missingKeys) {
+             _orderedKeys.push(missingKeys[i]);
+           } // assemble row data
 
-         function drawImages(selection) {
-           var enabled = svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled,
-               service = getService();
-           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           layer.exit().remove();
-           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-openstreetcam').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
-           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'sequences');
-           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
-           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-           if (enabled) {
-             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-               editOn();
-               update();
-               service.loadImages(projection);
-             } else {
-               editOff();
-             }
-           }
-         }
+           var rowData = _orderedKeys.map(function (key, i) {
+             return {
+               index: i,
+               key: key,
+               value: _tags[key]
+             };
+           }); // append blank row last, if necessary
 
-         drawImages.enabled = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled;
-           svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled = _;
 
-           if (svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled) {
-             showLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.openstreetcam_images', update);
-           } else {
-             hideLayer();
-             context.photos().on('change.openstreetcam_images', null);
-           }
+           if (!rowData.length || _showBlank) {
+             _showBlank = false;
+             rowData.push({
+               index: rowData.length,
+               key: '',
+               value: ''
+             });
+           } // View Options
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
 
-         drawImages.supported = function () {
-           return !!getService();
-         };
+           var options = wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-options').data([0]);
+           options.exit().remove();
+           var optionsEnter = options.enter().insert('div', ':first-child').attr('class', 'raw-tag-options');
+           var optionEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('.raw-tag-option').data(availableViews, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }).enter();
+           optionEnter.append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'raw-tag-option raw-tag-option-' + d.id + (_tagView === d.id ? ' selected' : '');
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             return _t('icons.' + d.id);
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             _tagView = d.id;
+             corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view', d.id);
+             wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-option').classed('selected', function (datum) {
+               return datum === d;
+             });
+             wrap.selectAll('.tag-text').classed('hide', d.id !== 'text').each(setTextareaHeight);
+             wrap.selectAll('.tag-list, .add-row').classed('hide', d.id !== 'list');
+           }).each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(svgIcon(d.icon));
+           }); // View as Text
 
-         init();
-         return drawImages;
-       }
+           var textData = rowsToText(rowData);
+           var textarea = wrap.selectAll('.tag-text').data([0]);
+           textarea = textarea.enter().append('textarea').attr('class', 'tag-text' + (_tagView !== 'text' ? ' hide' : '')).call(utilNoAuto).attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.key_value')).attr('spellcheck', 'false').merge(textarea);
+           textarea.call(utilGetSetValue, textData).each(setTextareaHeight).on('input', setTextareaHeight).on('focus', interacted).on('blur', textChanged).on('change', textChanged); // View as List
+
+           var list = wrap.selectAll('.tag-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'tag-list' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : '')).merge(list); // Container for the Add button
+
+           var addRowEnter = wrap.selectAll('.add-row').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'add-row' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : ''));
+           addRowEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'add-tag').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light')).on('click', addTag);
+           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-value'); // preserve space
 
-       function svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         var enabled = true;
+           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-buttons'); // preserve space
+           // Tag list items
 
-         function drawOsm(selection) {
-           selection.selectAll('.layer-osm').data(['covered', 'areas', 'lines', 'points', 'labels']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'layer-osm ' + d;
-           });
-           selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points').selectAll('.points-group').data(['points', 'midpoints', 'vertices', 'turns']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'points-group ' + d;
+           var items = list.selectAll('.tag-row').data(rowData, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
            });
-         }
+           items.exit().each(unbind).remove(); // Enter
 
-         function showLayer() {
-           var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
-           layer.interrupt();
-           layer.classed('disabled', false).style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             dispatch.call('change');
-           });
-         }
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'tag-row').classed('readonly', isReadOnly);
+           var innerWrap = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'inner-wrap');
+           innerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'key-wrap').append('input').property('type', 'text').attr('class', 'key').call(utilNoAuto).on('focus', interacted).on('blur', keyChange).on('change', keyChange);
+           innerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'value-wrap').append('input').property('type', 'text').attr('class', 'value').call(utilNoAuto).on('focus', interacted).on('blur', valueChange).on('change', valueChange).on('keydown.push-more', pushMore);
+           innerWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button remove').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete')); // Update
 
-         function hideLayer() {
-           var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
-           layer.interrupt();
-           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             layer.classed('disabled', true);
-             dispatch.call('change');
+           items = items.merge(itemsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.index - b.index;
            });
-         }
+           items.each(function (d) {
+             var row = select(this);
+             var key = row.select('input.key'); // propagate bound data
 
-         drawOsm.enabled = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return enabled;
-           enabled = val;
+             var value = row.select('input.value'); // propagate bound data
 
-           if (enabled) {
-             showLayer();
-           } else {
-             hideLayer();
-           }
+             if (_entityIDs && taginfo && _state !== 'hover') {
+               bindTypeahead(key, value);
+             }
 
-           dispatch.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
+             var referenceOptions = {
+               key: d.key
+             };
 
-         return drawOsm;
-       }
+             if (typeof d.value === 'string') {
+               referenceOptions.value = d.value;
+             }
 
-       var _notesEnabled = false;
+             var reference = uiTagReference(referenceOptions);
 
-       var _osmService;
+             if (_state === 'hover') {
+               reference.showing(false);
+             }
 
-       function svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch$1) {
-         if (!dispatch$1) {
-           dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
+             row.select('.inner-wrap') // propagate bound data
+             .call(reference.button);
+             row.call(reference.body);
+             row.select('button.remove'); // propagate bound data
+           });
+           items.selectAll('input.key').attr('title', function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }).call(utilGetSetValue, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }).attr('readonly', function (d) {
+             return isReadOnly(d) || typeof d.value !== 'string' || null;
+           });
+           items.selectAll('input.value').attr('title', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : d.value;
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value);
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             return typeof d.value === 'string' ? null : _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+           }).call(utilGetSetValue, function (d) {
+             return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
+           }).attr('readonly', function (d) {
+             return isReadOnly(d) || null;
+           });
+           items.selectAll('button.remove').on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'down', removeTag); // 'click' fires too late - #5878
          }
 
-         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-         }, 1000);
+         function isReadOnly(d) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < _readOnlyTags.length; i++) {
+             if (d.key.match(_readOnlyTags[i]) !== null) {
+               return true;
+             }
+           }
 
-         var minZoom = 12;
-         var touchLayer = select(null);
-         var drawLayer = select(null);
-         var _notesVisible = false;
+           return false;
+         }
 
-         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -22)').attr('d', 'm17.5,0l-15,0c-1.37,0 -2.5,1.12 -2.5,2.5l0,11.25c0,1.37 1.12,2.5 2.5,2.5l3.75,0l0,3.28c0,0.38 0.43,0.6 0.75,0.37l4.87,-3.65l5.62,0c1.37,0 2.5,-1.12 2.5,-2.5l0,-11.25c0,-1.37 -1.12,-2.5 -2.5,-2.5z');
-         } // Loosely-coupled osm service for fetching notes.
+         function setTextareaHeight() {
+           if (_tagView !== 'text') return;
+           var selection = select(this);
+           var matches = selection.node().value.match(/\n/g);
+           var lineCount = 2 + Number(matches && matches.length);
+           var lineHeight = 20;
+           selection.style('height', lineCount * lineHeight + 'px');
+         }
 
+         function stringify(s) {
+           return JSON.stringify(s).slice(1, -1); // without leading/trailing "
+         }
 
-         function getService() {
-           if (services.osm && !_osmService) {
-             _osmService = services.osm;
+         function unstringify(s) {
+           var leading = '';
+           var trailing = '';
 
-             _osmService.on('loadedNotes', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.osm && _osmService) {
-             _osmService = null;
+           if (s.length < 1 || s.charAt(0) !== '"') {
+             leading = '"';
            }
 
-           return _osmService;
-         } // Show the notes
-
-
-         function editOn() {
-           if (!_notesVisible) {
-             _notesVisible = true;
-             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
+           if (s.length < 2 || s.charAt(s.length - 1) !== '"' || s.charAt(s.length - 1) === '"' && s.charAt(s.length - 2) === '\\') {
+             trailing = '"';
            }
-         } // Immediately remove the notes and their touch targets
 
+           return JSON.parse(leading + s + trailing);
+         }
 
-         function editOff() {
-           if (_notesVisible) {
-             _notesVisible = false;
-             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
-             drawLayer.selectAll('.note').remove();
-             touchLayer.selectAll('.note').remove();
+         function rowsToText(rows) {
+           var str = rows.filter(function (row) {
+             return row.key && row.key.trim() !== '';
+           }).map(function (row) {
+             var rawVal = row.value;
+             if (typeof rawVal !== 'string') rawVal = '*';
+             var val = rawVal ? stringify(rawVal) : '';
+             return stringify(row.key) + '=' + val;
+           }).join('\n');
+
+           if (_state !== 'hover' && str.length) {
+             return str + '\n';
            }
-         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the notes and transitions them to visible.
 
+           return str;
+         }
 
-         function layerOn() {
-           editOn();
-           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             dispatch$1.call('change');
+         function textChanged() {
+           var newText = this.value.trim();
+           var newTags = {};
+           newText.split('\n').forEach(function (row) {
+             var m = row.match(/^\s*([^=]+)=(.*)$/);
+
+             if (m !== null) {
+               var k = context.cleanTagKey(unstringify(m[1].trim()));
+               var v = context.cleanTagValue(unstringify(m[2].trim()));
+               newTags[k] = v;
+             }
            });
-         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the notes.
+           var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(_tags, newTags);
+           if (!tagDiff.length) return;
+           _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
+           tagDiff.forEach(function (change) {
+             if (isReadOnly({
+               key: change.key
+             })) return; // skip unchanged multiselection placeholders
 
+             if (change.newVal === '*' && typeof change.oldVal !== 'string') return;
 
-         function layerOff() {
-           throttledRedraw.cancel();
-           drawLayer.interrupt();
-           touchLayer.selectAll('.note').remove();
-           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
-             editOff();
-             dispatch$1.call('change');
+             if (change.type === '-') {
+               _pendingChange[change.key] = undefined;
+             } else if (change.type === '+') {
+               _pendingChange[change.key] = change.newVal || '';
+             }
            });
-         } // Update the note markers
 
+           if (Object.keys(_pendingChange).length === 0) {
+             _pendingChange = null;
+             return;
+           }
 
-         function updateMarkers() {
-           if (!_notesVisible || !_notesEnabled) return;
-           var service = getService();
-           var selectedID = context.selectedNoteID();
-           var data = service ? service.notes(projection) : [];
-           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
+           scheduleChange();
+         }
 
-           var notes = drawLayer.selectAll('.note').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.status + d.id;
-           }); // exit
+         function pushMore(d3_event) {
+           // if pressing Tab on the last value field with content, add a blank row
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 9 && !d3_event.shiftKey && section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.value').node() === this && utilGetSetValue(select(this))) {
+             addTag();
+           }
+         }
 
-           notes.exit().remove(); // enter
+         function bindTypeahead(key, value) {
+           if (isReadOnly(key.datum())) return;
 
-           var notesEnter = notes.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'note note-' + d.id + ' ' + d.status;
-           }).classed('new', function (d) {
-             return d.id < 0;
-           });
-           notesEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0.5).attr('cy', 1).attr('rx', 6.5).attr('ry', 3).attr('class', 'stroke');
-           notesEnter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-           notesEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'note-fill').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-note');
-           notesEnter.selectAll('.icon-annotation').data(function (d) {
-             return [d];
-           }).enter().append('use').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '10px').attr('height', '10px').attr('x', '-3px').attr('y', '-19px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             return '#iD-icon-' + (d.id < 0 ? 'plus' : d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'apply');
-           }); // update
+           if (Array.isArray(value.datum().value)) {
+             value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value').minItems(1).fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+               var keyString = utilGetSetValue(key);
+               if (!_tags[keyString]) return;
 
-           notes.merge(notesEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
-             var mode = context.mode();
-             var isMoving = mode && mode.id === 'drag-note'; // no shadows when dragging
+               var data = _tags[keyString].filter(Boolean).map(function (tagValue) {
+                 return {
+                   value: tagValue,
+                   title: tagValue
+                 };
+               });
 
-             return !isMoving && d.id === selectedID;
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
+               callback(data);
+             }));
+             return;
+           }
 
-           if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
-           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.note').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+           var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);
+           key.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-key').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+             taginfo.keys({
+               debounce: true,
+               geometry: geometry,
+               query: value
+             }, function (err, data) {
+               if (!err) {
+                 var filtered = data.filter(function (d) {
+                   return _tags[d.value] === undefined;
+                 });
+                 callback(sort(value, filtered));
+               }
+             });
+           }));
+           value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+             taginfo.values({
+               debounce: true,
+               key: utilGetSetValue(key),
+               geometry: geometry,
+               query: value
+             }, function (err, data) {
+               if (!err) callback(sort(value, data));
+             });
+           }));
 
-           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+           function sort(value, data) {
+             var sameletter = [];
+             var other = [];
 
-           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
-             var newClass = d.id < 0 ? 'new' : '';
-             return 'note target note-' + d.id + ' ' + fillClass + newClass;
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+             for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+               if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
+                 sameletter.push(data[i]);
+               } else {
+                 other.push(data[i]);
+               }
+             }
 
-           function sortY(a, b) {
-             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+             return sameletter.concat(other);
            }
-         } // Draw the notes layer and schedule loading notes and updating markers.
-
+         }
 
-         function drawNotes(selection) {
-           var service = getService();
-           var surface = context.surface();
+         function unbind() {
+           var row = select(this);
+           row.selectAll('input.key').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+           row.selectAll('input.value').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+         }
 
-           if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
-             touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
-           }
+         function keyChange(d3_event, d) {
+           if (select(this).attr('readonly')) return;
+           var kOld = d.key; // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
 
-           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-notes').data(service ? [0] : []);
-           drawLayer.exit().remove();
-           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-notes').style('display', _notesEnabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
+           if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(kOld) && _pendingChange[kOld] === undefined) return;
+           var kNew = context.cleanTagKey(this.value.trim()); // allow no change if the key should be readonly
 
-           if (_notesEnabled) {
-             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-               editOn();
-               service.loadNotes(projection);
-               updateMarkers();
-             } else {
-               editOff();
-             }
+           if (isReadOnly({
+             key: kNew
+           })) {
+             this.value = kOld;
+             return;
            }
-         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
+           if (kNew && kNew !== kOld && _tags[kNew] !== undefined) {
+             // new key is already in use, switch focus to the existing row
+             this.value = kOld; // reset the key
 
-         drawNotes.enabled = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _notesEnabled;
-           _notesEnabled = val;
+             section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list input.value').each(function (d) {
+               if (d.key === kNew) {
+                 // send focus to that other value combo instead
+                 var input = select(this).node();
+                 input.focus();
+                 input.select();
+               }
+             });
+             return;
+           }
 
-           if (_notesEnabled) {
-             layerOn();
-           } else {
-             layerOff();
+           var row = this.parentNode.parentNode;
+           var inputVal = select(row).selectAll('input.value');
+           var vNew = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(inputVal));
+           _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
 
-             if (context.selectedNoteID()) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-             }
+           if (kOld) {
+             _pendingChange[kOld] = undefined;
            }
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
+           _pendingChange[kNew] = vNew; // update the ordered key index so this row doesn't change position
 
-         return drawNotes;
-       }
+           var existingKeyIndex = _orderedKeys.indexOf(kOld);
 
-       function svgTouch() {
-         function drawTouch(selection) {
-           selection.selectAll('.layer-touch').data(['areas', 'lines', 'points', 'turns', 'markers']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'layer-touch ' + d;
-           });
-         }
+           if (existingKeyIndex !== -1) _orderedKeys[existingKeyIndex] = kNew;
+           d.key = kNew; // update datum to avoid exit/enter on tag update
 
-         return drawTouch;
-       }
+           d.value = vNew;
+           this.value = kNew;
+           utilGetSetValue(inputVal, vNew);
+           scheduleChange();
+         }
 
-       function refresh(selection, node) {
-         var cr = node.getBoundingClientRect();
-         var prop = [cr.width, cr.height];
-         selection.property('__dimensions__', prop);
-         return prop;
-       }
+         function valueChange(d3_event, d) {
+           if (isReadOnly(d)) return; // exit if this is a multiselection and no value was entered
 
-       function utilGetDimensions(selection, force) {
-         if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
-           return [0, 0];
-         }
+           if (typeof d.value !== 'string' && !this.value) return; // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
 
-         var node = selection.node(),
-             cached = selection.property('__dimensions__');
-         return !cached || force ? refresh(selection, node) : cached;
-       }
-       function utilSetDimensions(selection, dimensions) {
-         if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
-           return selection;
+           if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(d.key) && _pendingChange[d.key] === undefined) return;
+           _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
+           _pendingChange[d.key] = context.cleanTagValue(this.value);
+           scheduleChange();
          }
 
-         var node = selection.node();
+         function removeTag(d3_event, d) {
+           if (isReadOnly(d)) return;
 
-         if (dimensions === null) {
-           refresh(selection, node);
-           return selection;
+           if (d.key === '') {
+             // removing the blank row
+             _showBlank = false;
+             section.reRender();
+           } else {
+             // remove the key from the ordered key index
+             _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function (key) {
+               return key !== d.key;
+             });
+             _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
+             _pendingChange[d.key] = undefined;
+             scheduleChange();
+           }
          }
 
-         return selection.property('__dimensions__', [dimensions[0], dimensions[1]]).attr('width', dimensions[0]).attr('height', dimensions[1]);
-       }
+         function addTag() {
+           // Delay render in case this click is blurring an edited combo.
+           // Without the setTimeout, the `content` render would wipe out the pending tag change.
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             _showBlank = true;
+             section.reRender();
+             section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.key').node().focus();
+           }, 20);
+         }
 
-       function svgLayers(projection, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var svg = select(null);
-         var _layers = [{
-           id: 'osm',
-           layer: svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'notes',
-           layer: svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'data',
-           layer: svgData(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'keepRight',
-           layer: svgKeepRight(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'improveOSM',
-           layer: svgImproveOSM(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'osmose',
-           layer: svgOsmose(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'streetside',
-           layer: svgStreetside(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'mapillary',
-           layer: svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'mapillary-position',
-           layer: svgMapillaryPosition(projection, context)
-         }, {
-           id: 'mapillary-map-features',
-           layer: svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'mapillary-signs',
-           layer: svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'openstreetcam',
-           layer: svgOpenstreetcamImages(projection, context, dispatch$1)
-         }, {
-           id: 'debug',
-           layer: svgDebug(projection, context)
-         }, {
-           id: 'geolocate',
-           layer: svgGeolocate(projection)
-         }, {
-           id: 'touch',
-           layer: svgTouch()
-         }];
+         function scheduleChange() {
+           // Cache IDs in case the editor is reloaded before the change event is called. - #6028
+           var entityIDs = _entityIDs; // Delay change in case this change is blurring an edited combo. - #5878
 
-         function drawLayers(selection) {
-           svg = selection.selectAll('.surface').data([0]);
-           svg = svg.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'surface').merge(svg);
-           var defs = svg.selectAll('.surface-defs').data([0]);
-           defs.enter().append('defs').attr('class', 'surface-defs');
-           var groups = svg.selectAll('.data-layer').data(_layers);
-           groups.exit().remove();
-           groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'data-layer ' + d.id;
-           }).merge(groups).each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(d.layer);
-           });
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             if (!_pendingChange) return;
+             dispatch.call('change', this, entityIDs, _pendingChange);
+             _pendingChange = null;
+           }, 10);
          }
 
-         drawLayers.all = function () {
-           return _layers;
-         };
+         section.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
 
-         drawLayers.layer = function (id) {
-           var obj = _layers.find(function (o) {
-             return o.id === id;
-           });
+           if (_state !== val) {
+             _orderedKeys = [];
+             _state = val;
+           }
 
-           return obj && obj.layer;
+           return section;
          };
 
-         drawLayers.only = function (what) {
-           var arr = [].concat(what);
+         section.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _presets;
+           _presets = val;
 
-           var all = _layers.map(function (layer) {
-             return layer.id;
-           });
+           if (_presets && _presets.length && _presets[0].isFallback()) {
+             section.disclosureExpanded(true); // don't collapse the disclosure if the mapper used the raw tag editor - #1881
+           } else if (!_didInteract) {
+             section.disclosureExpanded(null);
+           }
 
-           return drawLayers.remove(utilArrayDifference(all, arr));
+           return section;
          };
 
-         drawLayers.remove = function (what) {
-           var arr = [].concat(what);
-           arr.forEach(function (id) {
-             _layers = _layers.filter(function (o) {
-               return o.id !== id;
-             });
-           });
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-           return this;
+         section.tags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = val;
+           return section;
          };
 
-         drawLayers.add = function (what) {
-           var arr = [].concat(what);
-           arr.forEach(function (obj) {
-             if ('id' in obj && 'layer' in obj) {
-               _layers.push(obj);
-             }
-           });
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-           return this;
-         };
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
 
-         drawLayers.dimensions = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return utilGetDimensions(svg);
-           utilSetDimensions(svg, val);
-           return this;
+           if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
+             _entityIDs = val;
+             _orderedKeys = [];
+           }
+
+           return section;
+         }; // pass an array of regular expressions to test against the tag key
+
+
+         section.readOnlyTags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _readOnlyTags;
+           _readOnlyTags = val;
+           return section;
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(drawLayers, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(section, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function svgLines(projection, context) {
-         var detected = utilDetect();
-         var highway_stack = {
-           motorway: 0,
-           motorway_link: 1,
-           trunk: 2,
-           trunk_link: 3,
-           primary: 4,
-           primary_link: 5,
-           secondary: 6,
-           tertiary: 7,
-           unclassified: 8,
-           residential: 9,
-           service: 10,
-           footway: 11
+       function uiDataEditor(context) {
+         var dataHeader = uiDataHeader();
+         var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('custom-data-tag-editor', context).expandedByDefault(true).readOnlyTags([/./]);
+
+         var _datum;
+
+         function dataEditor(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('map_data.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.data-editor').data([0]); // enter/update
+
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section data-editor').merge(editor).call(dataHeader.datum(_datum));
+           var rte = body.selectAll('.raw-tag-editor').data([0]); // enter/update
+
+           rte.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'raw-tag-editor data-editor').merge(rte).call(rawTagEditor.tags(_datum && _datum.properties || {}).state('hover').render).selectAll('textarea.tag-text').attr('readonly', true).classed('readonly', true);
+         }
+
+         dataEditor.datum = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _datum;
+           _datum = val;
+           return this;
          };
 
-         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-           var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
-           var activeID = context.activeID();
-           var base = context.history().base(); // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
+         return dataEditor;
+       }
 
-           var data = {
-             targets: [],
-             nopes: []
-           };
-           entities.forEach(function (way) {
-             var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
-             data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
-             data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
-           }); // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
+       var sexagesimal = {exports: {}};
 
-           var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
-           var targets = selection.selectAll('.line.target-allowed').filter(function (d) {
-             return filter(d.properties.entity);
-           }).data(targetData, function key(d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+       sexagesimal.exports = element;
+       var pair_1 = sexagesimal.exports.pair = pair;
+       sexagesimal.exports.format = format;
+       sexagesimal.exports.formatPair = formatPair;
+       sexagesimal.exports.coordToDMS = coordToDMS;
 
-           targets.exit().remove();
+       function element(input, dims) {
+         var result = search(input, dims);
+         return result === null ? null : result.val;
+       }
 
-           var segmentWasEdited = function segmentWasEdited(d) {
-             var wayID = d.properties.entity.id; // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
+       function formatPair(input) {
+         return format(input.lat, 'lat') + ' ' + format(input.lon, 'lon');
+       } // Is 0 North or South?
 
-             if (!base.entities[wayID] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
-               return false;
-             }
 
-             return d.properties.nodes.some(function (n) {
-               return !base.entities[n.id] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
-             });
-           }; // enter/update
+       function format(input, dim) {
+         var dms = coordToDMS(input, dim);
+         return dms.whole + '° ' + (dms.minutes ? dms.minutes + '\' ' : '') + (dms.seconds ? dms.seconds + '" ' : '') + dms.dir;
+       }
 
+       function coordToDMS(input, dim) {
+         var dirs = {
+           lat: ['N', 'S'],
+           lon: ['E', 'W']
+         }[dim] || '';
+         var dir = dirs[input >= 0 ? 0 : 1];
+         var abs = Math.abs(input);
+         var whole = Math.floor(abs);
+         var fraction = abs - whole;
+         var fractionMinutes = fraction * 60;
+         var minutes = Math.floor(fractionMinutes);
+         var seconds = Math.floor((fractionMinutes - minutes) * 60);
+         return {
+           whole: whole,
+           minutes: minutes,
+           seconds: seconds,
+           dir: dir
+         };
+       }
 
-           targets.enter().append('path').merge(targets).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'way line target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
-           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited); // NOPE
+       function search(input, dims) {
+         if (!dims) dims = 'NSEW';
+         if (typeof input !== 'string') return null;
+         input = input.toUpperCase();
+         var regex = /^[\s\,]*([NSEW])?\s*([\-|\—|\―]?[0-9.]+)[°º˚]?\s*(?:([0-9.]+)['’′‘]\s*)?(?:([0-9.]+)(?:''|"|”|″)\s*)?([NSEW])?/;
+         var m = input.match(regex);
+         if (!m) return null; // no match
 
-           var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
-           var nopes = selection.selectAll('.line.target-nope').filter(function (d) {
-             return filter(d.properties.entity);
-           }).data(nopeData, function key(d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+         var matched = m[0]; // extract dimension.. m[1] = leading, m[5] = trailing
 
-           nopes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         var dim;
 
-           nopes.enter().append('path').merge(nopes).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'way line target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
-           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
-         }
+         if (m[1] && m[5]) {
+           // if matched both..
+           dim = m[1]; // keep leading
 
-         function drawLines(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-           var base = context.history().base();
+           matched = matched.slice(0, -1); // remove trailing dimension from match
+         } else {
+           dim = m[1] || m[5];
+         } // if unrecognized dimension
 
-           function waystack(a, b) {
-             var selected = context.selectedIDs();
-             var scoreA = selected.indexOf(a.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;
-             var scoreB = selected.indexOf(b.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;
 
-             if (a.tags.highway) {
-               scoreA -= highway_stack[a.tags.highway];
-             }
+         if (dim && dims.indexOf(dim) === -1) return null; // extract DMS
 
-             if (b.tags.highway) {
-               scoreB -= highway_stack[b.tags.highway];
-             }
+         var deg = m[2] ? parseFloat(m[2]) : 0;
+         var min = m[3] ? parseFloat(m[3]) / 60 : 0;
+         var sec = m[4] ? parseFloat(m[4]) / 3600 : 0;
+         var sign = deg < 0 ? -1 : 1;
+         if (dim === 'S' || dim === 'W') sign *= -1;
+         return {
+           val: (Math.abs(deg) + min + sec) * sign,
+           dim: dim,
+           matched: matched,
+           remain: input.slice(matched.length)
+         };
+       }
 
-             return scoreA - scoreB;
-           }
+       function pair(input, dims) {
+         input = input.trim();
+         var one = search(input, dims);
+         if (!one) return null;
+         input = one.remain.trim();
+         var two = search(input, dims);
+         if (!two || two.remain) return null;
 
-           function drawLineGroup(selection, klass, isSelected) {
-             // Note: Don't add `.selected` class in draw modes
-             var mode = context.mode();
-             var isDrawing = mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id);
-             var selectedClass = !isDrawing && isSelected ? 'selected ' : '';
-             var lines = selection.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(getPathData(isSelected), osmEntity.key);
-             lines.exit().remove(); // Optimization: Call expensive TagClasses only on enter selection. This
-             // works because osmEntity.key is defined to include the entity v attribute.
+         if (one.dim) {
+           return swapdim(one.val, two.val, one.dim);
+         } else {
+           return [one.val, two.val];
+         }
+       }
 
-             lines.enter().append('path').attr('class', function (d) {
-               var prefix = 'way line'; // if this line isn't styled by its own tags
+       function swapdim(a, b, dim) {
+         if (dim === 'N' || dim === 'S') return [a, b];
+         if (dim === 'W' || dim === 'E') return [b, a];
+       }
 
-               if (!d.hasInterestingTags()) {
-                 var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(d);
-                 var parentMultipolygons = parentRelations.filter(function (relation) {
-                   return relation.isMultipolygon();
-                 }); // and if it's a member of at least one multipolygon relation
+       function uiFeatureList(context) {
+         var _geocodeResults;
 
-                 if (parentMultipolygons.length > 0 && // and only multipolygon relations
-                 parentRelations.length === parentMultipolygons.length) {
-                   // then fudge the classes to style this as an area edge
-                   prefix = 'relation area';
-                 }
-               }
+         function featureList(selection) {
+           var header = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           header.append('h3').html(_t.html('inspector.feature_list'));
+           var searchWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'search-header');
+           searchWrap.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));
+           var search = searchWrap.append('input').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search')).attr('type', 'search').call(utilNoAuto).on('keypress', keypress).on('keydown', keydown).on('input', inputevent);
+           var listWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'inspector-body');
+           var list = listWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'feature-list');
+           context.on('exit.feature-list', clearSearch);
+           context.map().on('drawn.feature-list', mapDrawn);
+           context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘F'), focusSearch);
 
-               var oldMPClass = oldMultiPolygonOuters[d.id] ? 'old-multipolygon ' : '';
-               return prefix + ' ' + klass + ' ' + selectedClass + oldMPClass + d.id;
-             }).classed('added', function (d) {
-               return !base.entities[d.id];
-             }).classed('geometry-edited', function (d) {
-               return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
-             }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
-               return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
-             }).call(svgTagClasses()).merge(lines).sort(waystack).attr('d', getPath).call(svgTagClasses().tags(svgRelationMemberTags(graph)));
-             return selection;
+           function focusSearch(d3_event) {
+             var mode = context.mode() && context.mode().id;
+             if (mode !== 'browse') return;
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             search.node().focus();
            }
 
-           function getPathData(isSelected) {
-             return function () {
-               var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
-               var data = pathdata[layer] || [];
-               return data.filter(function (d) {
-                 if (isSelected) return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) !== -1;else return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) === -1;
-               });
-             };
+           function keydown(d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 27) {
+               // escape
+               search.node().blur();
+             }
            }
 
-           function addMarkers(layergroup, pathclass, groupclass, groupdata, marker) {
-             var markergroup = layergroup.selectAll('g.' + groupclass).data([pathclass]);
-             markergroup = markergroup.enter().append('g').attr('class', groupclass).merge(markergroup);
-             var markers = markergroup.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(function data() {
-               return groupdata[this.parentNode.__data__] || [];
-             }, function key(d) {
-               return [d.id, d.index];
-             });
-             markers.exit().remove();
-             markers = markers.enter().append('path').attr('class', pathclass).merge(markers).attr('marker-mid', marker).attr('d', function (d) {
-               return d.d;
-             });
+           function keypress(d3_event) {
+             var q = search.property('value'),
+                 items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item');
 
-             if (detected.ie) {
-               markers.each(function () {
-                 this.parentNode.insertBefore(this, this);
-               });
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
+             q.length && items.size()) {
+               click(d3_event, items.datum());
              }
            }
 
-           var getPath = svgPath(projection, graph);
-           var ways = [];
-           var onewaydata = {};
-           var sideddata = {};
-           var oldMultiPolygonOuters = {};
+           function inputevent() {
+             _geocodeResults = undefined;
+             drawList();
+           }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-             var entity = entities[i];
-             var outer = osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
+           function clearSearch() {
+             search.property('value', '');
+             drawList();
+           }
 
-             if (outer) {
-               ways.push(entity.mergeTags(outer.tags));
-               oldMultiPolygonOuters[outer.id] = true;
-             } else if (entity.geometry(graph) === 'line') {
-               ways.push(entity);
+           function mapDrawn(e) {
+             if (e.full) {
+               drawList();
              }
            }
 
-           ways = ways.filter(getPath);
-           var pathdata = utilArrayGroupBy(ways, function (way) {
-             return way.layer();
-           });
-           Object.keys(pathdata).forEach(function (k) {
-             var v = pathdata[k];
-             var onewayArr = v.filter(function (d) {
-               return d.isOneWay();
-             });
-             var onewaySegments = svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, 35, function shouldReverse(entity) {
-               return entity.tags.oneway === '-1';
-             }, function bothDirections(entity) {
-               return entity.tags.oneway === 'reversible' || entity.tags.oneway === 'alternating';
-             });
-             onewaydata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(onewayArr.map(onewaySegments));
-             var sidedArr = v.filter(function (d) {
-               return d.isSided();
-             });
-             var sidedSegments = svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, 30, function shouldReverse() {
-               return false;
-             }, function bothDirections() {
-               return false;
-             });
-             sideddata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(sidedArr.map(sidedSegments));
-           });
-           var covered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.covered'); // under areas
-
-           var uncovered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.lines'); // over areas
+           function features() {
+             var result = [];
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var visibleCenter = context.map().extent().center();
+             var q = search.property('value').toLowerCase();
+             if (!q) return result;
+             var locationMatch = pair_1(q.toUpperCase()) || q.match(/^(-?\d+\.?\d*)\s+(-?\d+\.?\d*)$/);
 
-           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.lines'); // Draw lines..
+             if (locationMatch) {
+               var loc = [parseFloat(locationMatch[0]), parseFloat(locationMatch[1])];
+               result.push({
+                 id: -1,
+                 geometry: 'point',
+                 type: _t('inspector.location'),
+                 name: dmsCoordinatePair([loc[1], loc[0]]),
+                 location: loc
+               });
+             } // A location search takes priority over an ID search
 
-           [covered, uncovered].forEach(function (selection) {
-             var range$1 = selection === covered ? range(-10, 0) : range(0, 11);
-             var layergroup = selection.selectAll('g.layergroup').data(range$1);
-             layergroup = layergroup.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-               return 'layergroup layer' + String(d);
-             }).merge(layergroup);
-             layergroup.selectAll('g.linegroup').data(['shadow', 'casing', 'stroke', 'shadow-highlighted', 'casing-highlighted', 'stroke-highlighted']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-               return 'linegroup line-' + d;
-             });
-             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow').call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', false);
-             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing').call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', false);
-             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke').call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', false);
-             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow-highlighted').call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', true);
-             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing-highlighted').call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', true);
-             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke-highlighted').call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', true);
-             addMarkers(layergroup, 'oneway', 'onewaygroup', onewaydata, 'url(#ideditor-oneway-marker)');
-             addMarkers(layergroup, 'sided', 'sidedgroup', sideddata, function marker(d) {
-               var category = graph.entity(d.id).sidednessIdentifier();
-               return 'url(#ideditor-sided-marker-' + category + ')';
-             });
-           }); // Draw touch targets..
 
-           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, ways, filter);
-         }
+             var idMatch = !locationMatch && q.match(/(?:^|\W)(node|way|relation|[nwr])\W?0*([1-9]\d*)(?:\W|$)/i);
 
-         return drawLines;
-       }
+             if (idMatch) {
+               var elemType = idMatch[1].charAt(0);
+               var elemId = idMatch[2];
+               result.push({
+                 id: elemType + elemId,
+                 geometry: elemType === 'n' ? 'point' : elemType === 'w' ? 'line' : 'relation',
+                 type: elemType === 'n' ? _t('inspector.node') : elemType === 'w' ? _t('inspector.way') : _t('inspector.relation'),
+                 name: elemId
+               });
+             }
 
-       function svgMidpoints(projection, context) {
-         var targetRadius = 8;
+             var allEntities = graph.entities;
+             var localResults = [];
 
-         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
-           var data = entities.map(function (midpoint) {
-             return {
-               type: 'Feature',
-               id: midpoint.id,
-               properties: {
-                 target: true,
-                 entity: midpoint
-               },
-               geometry: {
-                 type: 'Point',
-                 coordinates: midpoint.loc
-               }
-             };
-           });
-           var targets = selection.selectAll('.midpoint.target').filter(function (d) {
-             return filter(d.properties.entity);
-           }).data(data, function key(d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+             for (var id in allEntities) {
+               var entity = allEntities[id];
+               if (!entity) continue;
+               var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
+               if (name.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) < 0) continue;
+               var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+               var type = matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
+               var extent = entity.extent(graph);
+               var distance = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(visibleCenter, extent.center()) : 0;
+               localResults.push({
+                 id: entity.id,
+                 entity: entity,
+                 geometry: entity.geometry(graph),
+                 type: type,
+                 name: name,
+                 distance: distance
+               });
+               if (localResults.length > 100) break;
+             }
 
-           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+             localResults = localResults.sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
+               return a.distance - b.distance;
+             });
+             result = result.concat(localResults);
 
-           targets.enter().append('circle').attr('r', targetRadius).merge(targets).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'node midpoint target ' + fillClass + d.id;
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
-         }
+             (_geocodeResults || []).forEach(function (d) {
+               if (d.osm_type && d.osm_id) {
+                 // some results may be missing these - #1890
+                 // Make a temporary osmEntity so we can preset match
+                 // and better localize the search result - #4725
+                 var id = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(d.osm_type, d.osm_id);
+                 var tags = {};
+                 tags[d["class"]] = d.type;
+                 var attrs = {
+                   id: id,
+                   type: d.osm_type,
+                   tags: tags
+                 };
 
-         function drawMidpoints(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent) {
-           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.midpoints');
-           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');
-           var mode = context.mode();
+                 if (d.osm_type === 'way') {
+                   // for ways, add some fake closed nodes
+                   attrs.nodes = ['a', 'a']; // so that geometry area is possible
+                 }
 
-           if (mode && mode.id !== 'select' || !context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
-             drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint').remove();
-             touchLayer.selectAll('.midpoint.target').remove();
-             return;
-           }
+                 var tempEntity = osmEntity(attrs);
+                 var tempGraph = coreGraph([tempEntity]);
+                 var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(tempEntity, tempGraph);
+                 var type = matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(id);
+                 result.push({
+                   id: tempEntity.id,
+                   geometry: tempEntity.geometry(tempGraph),
+                   type: type,
+                   name: d.display_name,
+                   extent: new geoExtent([parseFloat(d.boundingbox[3]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[0])], [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[2]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[1])])
+                 });
+               }
+             });
 
-           var poly = extent.polygon();
-           var midpoints = {};
+             if (q.match(/^[0-9]+$/)) {
+               // if query is just a number, possibly an OSM ID without a prefix
+               result.push({
+                 id: 'n' + q,
+                 geometry: 'point',
+                 type: _t('inspector.node'),
+                 name: q
+               });
+               result.push({
+                 id: 'w' + q,
+                 geometry: 'line',
+                 type: _t('inspector.way'),
+                 name: q
+               });
+               result.push({
+                 id: 'r' + q,
+                 geometry: 'relation',
+                 type: _t('inspector.relation'),
+                 name: q
+               });
+             }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-             var entity = entities[i];
-             if (entity.type !== 'way') continue;
-             if (!filter(entity)) continue;
-             if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(entity.id) < 0) continue;
-             var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity);
+             return result;
+           }
 
-             for (var j = 0; j < nodes.length - 1; j++) {
-               var a = nodes[j];
-               var b = nodes[j + 1];
-               var id = [a.id, b.id].sort().join('-');
+           function drawList() {
+             var value = search.property('value');
+             var results = features();
+             list.classed('filtered', value.length);
+             var resultsIndicator = list.selectAll('.no-results-item').data([0]).enter().append('button').property('disabled', true).attr('class', 'no-results-item').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));
+             resultsIndicator.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name');
+             list.selectAll('.no-results-item .entity-name').html(_t.html('geocoder.no_results_worldwide'));
 
-               if (midpoints[id]) {
-                 midpoints[id].parents.push(entity);
-               } else if (geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc)) > 40) {
-                 var point = geoVecInterp(a.loc, b.loc, 0.5);
-                 var loc = null;
+             if (services.geocoder) {
+               list.selectAll('.geocode-item').data([0]).enter().append('button').attr('class', 'geocode-item secondary-action').on('click', geocoderSearch).append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name').html(_t.html('geocoder.search'));
+             }
 
-                 if (extent.intersects(point)) {
-                   loc = point;
-                 } else {
-                   for (var k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
-                     point = geoLineIntersection([a.loc, b.loc], [poly[k], poly[k + 1]]);
+             list.selectAll('.no-results-item').style('display', value.length && !results.length ? 'block' : 'none');
+             list.selectAll('.geocode-item').style('display', value && _geocodeResults === undefined ? 'block' : 'none');
+             list.selectAll('.feature-list-item').data([-1]).remove();
+             var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item').data(results, function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             });
+             var enter = items.enter().insert('button', '.geocode-item').attr('class', 'feature-list-item').on('mouseover', mouseover).on('mouseout', mouseout).on('click', click);
+             var label = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'label');
+             label.each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.geometry, 'pre-text'));
+             });
+             label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-type').html(function (d) {
+               return d.type;
+             });
+             label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name').html(function (d) {
+               return d.name;
+             });
+             enter.style('opacity', 0).transition().style('opacity', 1);
+             items.order();
+             items.exit().remove();
+           }
 
-                     if (point && geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(point)) > 20 && geoVecLength(projection(b.loc), projection(point)) > 20) {
-                       loc = point;
-                       break;
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
+           function mouseover(d3_event, d) {
+             if (d.id === -1) return;
+             utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
+           }
 
-                 if (loc) {
-                   midpoints[id] = {
-                     type: 'midpoint',
-                     id: id,
-                     loc: loc,
-                     edge: [a.id, b.id],
-                     parents: [entity]
-                   };
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+           function mouseout(d3_event, d) {
+             if (d.id === -1) return;
+             utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
            }
 
-           function midpointFilter(d) {
-             if (midpoints[d.id]) return true;
+           function click(d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < d.parents.length; i++) {
-               if (filter(d.parents[i])) {
-                 return true;
-               }
+             if (d.location) {
+               context.map().centerZoomEase([d.location[1], d.location[0]], 19);
+             } else if (d.entity) {
+               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.entity.id]));
+               context.map().zoomToEase(d.entity);
+             } else {
+               // download, zoom to, and select the entity with the given ID
+               context.zoomToEntity(d.id);
              }
+           }
 
-             return false;
+           function geocoderSearch() {
+             services.geocoder.search(search.property('value'), function (err, resp) {
+               _geocodeResults = resp || [];
+               drawList();
+             });
            }
+         }
 
-           var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint').filter(midpointFilter).data(Object.values(midpoints), function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           });
-           groups.exit().remove();
-           var enter = groups.enter().insert('g', ':first-child').attr('class', 'midpoint');
-           enter.append('polygon').attr('points', '-6,8 10,0 -6,-8').attr('class', 'shadow');
-           enter.append('polygon').attr('points', '-3,4 5,0 -3,-4').attr('class', 'fill');
-           groups = groups.merge(enter).attr('transform', function (d) {
-             var translate = svgPointTransform(projection);
-             var a = graph.entity(d.edge[0]);
-             var b = graph.entity(d.edge[1]);
-             var angle = geoAngle(a, b, projection) * (180 / Math.PI);
-             return translate(d) + ' rotate(' + angle + ')';
-           }).call(svgTagClasses().tags(function (d) {
-             return d.parents[0].tags;
-           })); // Propagate data bindings.
+         return featureList;
+       }
 
-           groups.select('polygon.shadow');
-           groups.select('polygon.fill'); // Draw touch targets..
+       var $$1 = _export;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var toLength$1 = toLength$q;
+       var notARegExp$1 = notARegexp;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$1 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var correctIsRegExpLogic$1 = correctIsRegexpLogic;
 
-           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, Object.values(midpoints), midpointFilter);
-         }
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-string-prototype-startswith -- safe
+       var $startsWith = ''.startsWith;
+       var min$1 = Math.min;
 
-         return drawMidpoints;
-       }
+       var CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC$1 = correctIsRegExpLogic$1('startsWith');
+       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/pull/702
+       var MDN_POLYFILL_BUG$1 = !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC$1 && !!function () {
+         var descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1(String.prototype, 'startsWith');
+         return descriptor && !descriptor.writable;
+       }();
 
-       function svgPoints(projection, context) {
-         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -23)').attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
+       // `String.prototype.startsWith` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.startswith
+       $$1({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: !MDN_POLYFILL_BUG$1 && !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC$1 }, {
+         startsWith: function startsWith(searchString /* , position = 0 */) {
+           var that = String(requireObjectCoercible$1(this));
+           notARegExp$1(searchString);
+           var index = toLength$1(min$1(arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, that.length));
+           var search = String(searchString);
+           return $startsWith
+             ? $startsWith.call(that, search, index)
+             : that.slice(index, index + search.length) === search;
          }
+       });
 
-         function sortY(a, b) {
-           return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
-         } // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
-         // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
+       function uiSectionEntityIssues(context) {
+         // Does the user prefer to expand the active issue?  Useful for viewing tag diff.
+         // Expand by default so first timers see it - #6408, #8143
+         var preference = corePreferences('entity-issues.reference.expanded');
 
+         var _expanded = preference === null ? true : preference === 'true';
 
-         function fastEntityKey(d) {
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
-           return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
-         }
+         var _entityIDs = [];
+         var _issues = [];
 
-         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
-           var activeID = context.activeID();
-           var data = [];
-           entities.forEach(function (node) {
-             if (activeID === node.id) return; // draw no target on the activeID
+         var _activeIssueID;
 
-             data.push({
-               type: 'Feature',
-               id: node.id,
-               properties: {
-                 target: true,
-                 entity: node
-               },
-               geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
-             });
+         var section = uiSection('entity-issues', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           return _issues.length > 0;
+         }).label(function () {
+           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: _t.html('issues.list_title'),
+             count: _issues.length
            });
-           var targets = selection.selectAll('.point.target').filter(function (d) {
-             return filter(d.properties.entity);
-           }).data(data, function key(d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
-
-           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         context.validator().on('validated.entity_issues', function () {
+           // Refresh on validated events
+           reloadIssues();
+           section.reRender();
+         }).on('focusedIssue.entity_issues', function (issue) {
+           makeActiveIssue(issue.id);
+         });
 
-           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('x', -10).attr('y', -26).attr('width', 20).attr('height', 30).merge(targets).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'node point target ' + fillClass + d.id;
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+         function reloadIssues() {
+           _issues = context.validator().getSharedEntityIssues(_entityIDs, {
+             includeDisabledRules: true
+           });
          }
 
-         function drawPoints(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-           var base = context.history().base(); // Points with a direction will render as vertices at higher zooms..
+         function makeActiveIssue(issueID) {
+           _activeIssueID = issueID;
+           section.selection().selectAll('.issue-container').classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d.id === _activeIssueID;
+           });
+         }
 
-           function renderAsPoint(entity) {
-             return entity.geometry(graph) === 'point' && !(zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length);
-           } // All points will render as vertices in wireframe mode too..
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           selection.classed('grouped-items-area', true);
+           _activeIssueID = _issues.length > 0 ? _issues[0].id : null;
+           var containers = selection.selectAll('.issue-container').data(_issues, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // Exit
 
+           containers.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-           var points = wireframe ? [] : entities.filter(renderAsPoint);
-           points.sort(sortY);
-           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.points');
-           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points'); // Draw points..
+           var containersEnter = containers.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-container');
+           var itemsEnter = containersEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'issue severity-' + d.severity;
+           }).on('mouseover.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             // don't hover-highlight the selected entity
+             var ids = d.entityIds.filter(function (e) {
+               return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1;
+             });
+             utilHighlightEntities(ids, true, context);
+           }).on('mouseout.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             var ids = d.entityIds.filter(function (e) {
+               return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1;
+             });
+             utilHighlightEntities(ids, false, context);
+           });
+           var labelsEnter = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-label');
+           var textEnter = labelsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'issue-text').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             makeActiveIssue(d.id); // expand only the clicked item
 
-           var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.point').filter(filter).data(points, fastEntityKey);
-           groups.exit().remove();
-           var enter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'node point ' + d.id;
-           }).order();
-           enter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-           enter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0.5).attr('cy', 1).attr('rx', 6.5).attr('ry', 3).attr('class', 'stroke');
-           enter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'stroke');
-           enter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-5, -19)').attr('class', 'icon').attr('width', '11px').attr('height', '11px');
-           groups = groups.merge(enter).attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection)).classed('added', function (d) {
-             return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
-           }).classed('moved', function (d) {
-             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
-           }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
-             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
-           }).call(svgTagClasses());
-           groups.select('.shadow'); // propagate bound data
+             var extent = d.extent(context.graph());
 
-           groups.select('.stroke'); // propagate bound data
+             if (extent) {
+               var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
+               context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(extent.center(), setZoom);
+             }
+           });
+           textEnter.each(function (d) {
+             var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
+             select(this).call(svgIcon(iconName, 'issue-icon'));
+           });
+           textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-message');
+           var infoButton = labelsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'issue-info-button').attr('title', _t('icons.information')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-inspect'));
+           infoButton.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           groups.select('.icon') // propagate bound data
-           .attr('xlink:href', function (entity) {
-             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-             var picon = preset && preset.icon;
+             var container = select(this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode);
+             var info = container.selectAll('.issue-info');
+             var isExpanded = info.classed('expanded');
+             _expanded = !isExpanded;
+             corePreferences('entity-issues.reference.expanded', _expanded); // update preference
 
-             if (!picon) {
-               return '';
+             if (isExpanded) {
+               info.transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
+                 info.classed('expanded', false);
+               });
              } else {
-               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-               return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+               info.classed('expanded', true).transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '200px').style('opacity', '1').on('end', function () {
+                 info.style('max-height', null);
+               });
              }
-           }); // Draw touch targets..
-
-           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, points, filter);
-         }
-
-         return drawPoints;
-       }
-
-       function svgTurns(projection, context) {
-         function icon(turn) {
-           var u = turn.u ? '-u' : '';
-           if (turn.no) return '#iD-turn-no' + u;
-           if (turn.only) return '#iD-turn-only' + u;
-           return '#iD-turn-yes' + u;
-         }
+           });
+           itemsEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'issue-fix-list');
+           containersEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-info' + (_expanded ? ' expanded' : '')).style('max-height', _expanded ? null : '0').style('opacity', _expanded ? '1' : '0').each(function (d) {
+             if (typeof d.reference === 'function') {
+               select(this).call(d.reference);
+             } else {
+               select(this).html(_t.html('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
+             }
+           }); // Update
 
-         function drawTurns(selection, graph, turns) {
-           function turnTransform(d) {
-             var pxRadius = 50;
-             var toWay = graph.entity(d.to.way);
-             var toPoints = graph.childNodes(toWay).map(function (n) {
-               return n.loc;
-             }).map(projection);
-             var toLength = geoPathLength(toPoints);
-             var mid = toLength / 2; // midpoint of destination way
+           containers = containers.merge(containersEnter).classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d.id === _activeIssueID;
+           });
+           containers.selectAll('.issue-message').html(function (d) {
+             return d.message(context);
+           }); // fixes
 
-             var toNode = graph.entity(d.to.node);
-             var toVertex = graph.entity(d.to.vertex);
-             var a = geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection);
-             var o = projection(toVertex.loc);
-             var r = d.u ? 0 // u-turn: no radius
-             : !toWay.__via ? pxRadius // leaf way: put marker at pxRadius
-             : Math.min(mid, pxRadius); // via way: prefer pxRadius, fallback to mid for very short ways
+           var fixLists = containers.selectAll('.issue-fix-list');
+           var fixes = fixLists.selectAll('.issue-fix-item').data(function (d) {
+             return d.fixes ? d.fixes(context) : [];
+           }, function (fix) {
+             return fix.id;
+           });
+           fixes.exit().remove();
+           var fixesEnter = fixes.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'issue-fix-item');
+           var buttons = fixesEnter.append('button').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             // not all fixes are actionable
+             if (select(this).attr('disabled') || !d.onClick) return; // Don't run another fix for this issue within a second of running one
+             // (Necessary for "Select a feature type" fix. Most fixes should only ever run once)
 
-             return 'translate(' + (r * Math.cos(a) + o[0]) + ',' + (r * Math.sin(a) + o[1]) + ') ' + 'rotate(' + a * 180 / Math.PI + ')';
-           }
+             if (d.issue.dateLastRanFix && new Date() - d.issue.dateLastRanFix < 1000) return;
+             d.issue.dateLastRanFix = new Date(); // remove hover-highlighting
 
-           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.turns');
-           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.turns'); // Draw turns..
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.issue.entityIds.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);
+             new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+               d.onClick(context, resolve, reject);
 
-           var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.turn').data(turns, function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }); // exit
+               if (d.onClick.length <= 1) {
+                 // if the fix doesn't take any completion parameters then consider it resolved
+                 resolve();
+               }
+             }).then(function () {
+               // revalidate whenever the fix has finished running successfully
+               context.validator().validate();
+             });
+           }).on('mouseover.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
+           }).on('mouseout.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
+           });
+           buttons.each(function (d) {
+             var iconName = d.icon || 'iD-icon-wrench';
 
-           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
+             if (iconName.startsWith('maki')) {
+               iconName += '-15';
+             }
 
-           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'turn ' + d.key;
+             select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + iconName, 'fix-icon'));
            });
-           var turnsEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
-             return !d.u;
+           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'fix-message').html(function (d) {
+             return d.title;
            });
-           turnsEnter.append('rect').attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)').attr('width', '44').attr('height', '24');
-           turnsEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)').attr('width', '44').attr('height', '24');
-           var uEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.u;
+           fixesEnter.merge(fixes).selectAll('button').classed('actionable', function (d) {
+             return d.onClick;
+           }).attr('disabled', function (d) {
+             return d.onClick ? null : 'true';
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             if (d.disabledReason) {
+               return d.disabledReason;
+             }
+
+             return null;
            });
-           uEnter.append('circle').attr('r', '16');
-           uEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-16, -16)').attr('width', '32').attr('height', '32'); // update
+         }
 
-           groups = groups.merge(groupsEnter).attr('opacity', function (d) {
-             return d.direct === false ? '0.7' : null;
-           }).attr('transform', turnTransform);
-           groups.select('use').attr('xlink:href', icon);
-           groups.select('rect'); // propagate bound data
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
 
-           groups.select('circle'); // propagate bound data
-           // Draw touch targets..
+           if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
+             _entityIDs = val;
+             _activeIssueID = null;
+             reloadIssues();
+           }
 
-           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-           groups = touchLayer.selectAll('g.turn').data(turns, function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           }); // exit
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'turn ' + d.key;
-           });
-           turnsEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
-             return !d.u;
-           });
-           turnsEnter.append('rect').attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass).attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)').attr('width', '44').attr('height', '24');
-           uEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.u;
-           });
-           uEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass).attr('r', '16'); // update
+       function uiPresetIcon() {
+         var _preset;
 
-           groups = groups.merge(groupsEnter).attr('transform', turnTransform);
-           groups.select('rect'); // propagate bound data
+         var _geometry;
 
-           groups.select('circle'); // propagate bound data
+         var _sizeClass = 'medium';
 
-           return this;
+         function isSmall() {
+           return _sizeClass === 'small';
          }
 
-         return drawTurns;
-       }
+         function presetIcon(selection) {
+           selection.each(render);
+         }
 
-       function svgVertices(projection, context) {
-         var radiuses = {
-           //       z16-, z17,   z18+,  w/icon
-           shadow: [6, 7.5, 7.5, 12],
-           stroke: [2.5, 3.5, 3.5, 8],
-           fill: [1, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5]
-         };
+         function getIcon(p, geom) {
+           if (isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback()) return 'iD-icon-' + p.id;
+           if (p.icon) return p.icon;
+           if (geom === 'line') return 'iD-other-line';
+           if (geom === 'vertex') return p.isFallback() ? '' : 'temaki-vertex';
+           if (isSmall() && geom === 'point') return '';
+           return 'maki-marker-stroked';
+         }
 
-         var _currHoverTarget;
+         function renderPointBorder(container, drawPoint) {
+           var pointBorder = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-point-border').data(drawPoint ? [0] : []);
+           pointBorder.exit().remove();
+           var pointBorderEnter = pointBorder.enter();
+           var w = 40;
+           var h = 40;
+           pointBorderEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-point-border').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h)).append('path').attr('transform', 'translate(11.5, 8)').attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
+           pointBorder = pointBorderEnter.merge(pointBorder);
+         }
 
-         var _currPersistent = {};
-         var _currHover = {};
-         var _prevHover = {};
-         var _currSelected = {};
-         var _prevSelected = {};
-         var _radii = {};
+         function renderCategoryBorder(container, category) {
+           var categoryBorder = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-category-border').data(category ? [0] : []);
+           categoryBorder.exit().remove();
+           var categoryBorderEnter = categoryBorder.enter();
+           var d = 60;
+           var svgEnter = categoryBorderEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-category-border').attr('width', d).attr('height', d).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(d, " ").concat(d));
+           ['fill', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
+             svgEnter.append('path').attr('class', "area ".concat(klass)).attr('d', 'M9.5,7.5 L25.5,7.5 L28.5,12.5 L49.5,12.5 C51.709139,12.5 53.5,14.290861 53.5,16.5 L53.5,43.5 C53.5,45.709139 51.709139,47.5 49.5,47.5 L10.5,47.5 C8.290861,47.5 6.5,45.709139 6.5,43.5 L6.5,12.5 L9.5,7.5 Z');
+           });
+           categoryBorder = categoryBorderEnter.merge(categoryBorder);
 
-         function sortY(a, b) {
-           return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
-         } // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
-         // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
+           if (category) {
+             var tagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(category.members.collection[0].addTags, '');
+             categoryBorder.selectAll('path.stroke').attr('class', "area stroke ".concat(tagClasses));
+             categoryBorder.selectAll('path.fill').attr('class', "area fill ".concat(tagClasses));
+           }
+         }
+
+         function renderCircleFill(container, drawVertex) {
+           var vertexFill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-vertex').data(drawVertex ? [0] : []);
+           vertexFill.exit().remove();
+           var vertexFillEnter = vertexFill.enter();
+           var w = 60;
+           var h = 60;
+           var d = 40;
+           vertexFillEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-vertex').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h)).append('circle').attr('cx', w / 2).attr('cy', h / 2).attr('r', d / 2);
+           vertexFill = vertexFillEnter.merge(vertexFill);
+         }
+
+         function renderSquareFill(container, drawArea, tagClasses) {
+           var fill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-area').data(drawArea ? [0] : []);
+           fill.exit().remove();
+           var fillEnter = fill.enter();
+           var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60;
+           var w = d;
+           var h = d;
+           var l = d * 2 / 3;
+           var c1 = (w - l) / 2;
+           var c2 = c1 + l;
+           fillEnter = fillEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-area').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h));
+           ['fill', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
+             fillEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(c1, " ").concat(c1, " L").concat(c1, " ").concat(c2, " L").concat(c2, " ").concat(c2, " L").concat(c2, " ").concat(c1, " Z")).attr('class', "area ".concat(klass));
+           });
+           var rVertex = 2.5;
+           [[c1, c1], [c1, c2], [c2, c2], [c2, c1]].forEach(function (point) {
+             fillEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'vertex').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', rVertex);
+           });
 
+           if (!isSmall()) {
+             var rMidpoint = 1.25;
+             [[c1, w / 2], [c2, w / 2], [h / 2, c1], [h / 2, c2]].forEach(function (point) {
+               fillEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'midpoint').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', rMidpoint);
+             });
+           }
 
-         function fastEntityKey(d) {
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
-           return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
+           fill = fillEnter.merge(fill);
+           fill.selectAll('path.stroke').attr('class', "area stroke ".concat(tagClasses));
+           fill.selectAll('path.fill').attr('class', "area fill ".concat(tagClasses));
          }
 
-         function draw(selection, graph, vertices, sets, filter) {
-           sets = sets || {
-             selected: {},
-             important: {},
-             hovered: {}
-           };
-           var icons = {};
-           var directions = {};
-           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-           var z = zoom < 17 ? 0 : zoom < 18 ? 1 : 2;
-           var activeID = context.activeID();
-           var base = context.history().base();
-
-           function getIcon(d) {
-             // always check latest entity, as fastEntityKey avoids enter/exit now
-             var entity = graph.entity(d.id);
-             if (entity.id in icons) return icons[entity.id];
-             icons[entity.id] = entity.hasInterestingTags() && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph).icon;
-             return icons[entity.id];
-           } // memoize directions results, return false for empty arrays (for use in filter)
-
+         function renderLine(container, drawLine, tagClasses) {
+           var line = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-line').data(drawLine ? [0] : []);
+           line.exit().remove();
+           var lineEnter = line.enter();
+           var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60; // draw the line parametrically
 
-           function getDirections(entity) {
-             if (entity.id in directions) return directions[entity.id];
-             var angles = entity.directions(graph, projection);
-             directions[entity.id] = angles.length ? angles : false;
-             return angles;
-           }
+           var w = d;
+           var h = d;
+           var y = Math.round(d * 0.72);
+           var l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
+           var r = 2.5;
+           var x1 = (w - l) / 2;
+           var x2 = x1 + l;
+           lineEnter = lineEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-line').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h));
+           ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
+             lineEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x1, " ").concat(y, " L").concat(x2, " ").concat(y)).attr('class', "line ".concat(klass));
+           });
+           [[x1 - 1, y], [x2 + 1, y]].forEach(function (point) {
+             lineEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'vertex').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', r);
+           });
+           line = lineEnter.merge(line);
+           line.selectAll('path.stroke').attr('class', "line stroke ".concat(tagClasses));
+           line.selectAll('path.casing').attr('class', "line casing ".concat(tagClasses));
+         }
 
-           function updateAttributes(selection) {
-             ['shadow', 'stroke', 'fill'].forEach(function (klass) {
-               var rads = radiuses[klass];
-               selection.selectAll('.' + klass).each(function (entity) {
-                 var i = z && getIcon(entity);
-                 var r = rads[i ? 3 : z]; // slightly increase the size of unconnected endpoints #3775
+         function renderRoute(container, drawRoute, p) {
+           var route = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-route').data(drawRoute ? [0] : []);
+           route.exit().remove();
+           var routeEnter = route.enter();
+           var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60; // draw the route parametrically
 
-                 if (entity.id !== activeID && entity.isEndpoint(graph) && !entity.isConnected(graph)) {
-                   r += 1.5;
-                 }
+           var w = d;
+           var h = d;
+           var y1 = Math.round(d * 0.80);
+           var y2 = Math.round(d * 0.68);
+           var l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
+           var r = 2;
+           var x1 = (w - l) / 2;
+           var x2 = x1 + l / 3;
+           var x3 = x2 + l / 3;
+           var x4 = x3 + l / 3;
+           routeEnter = routeEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-route').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h));
+           ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
+             routeEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x1, " ").concat(y1, " L").concat(x2, " ").concat(y2)).attr('class', "segment0 line ".concat(klass));
+             routeEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x2, " ").concat(y2, " L").concat(x3, " ").concat(y1)).attr('class', "segment1 line ".concat(klass));
+             routeEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x3, " ").concat(y1, " L").concat(x4, " ").concat(y2)).attr('class', "segment2 line ".concat(klass));
+           });
+           [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], [x3, y1], [x4, y2]].forEach(function (point) {
+             routeEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'vertex').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', r);
+           });
+           route = routeEnter.merge(route);
 
-                 if (klass === 'shadow') {
-                   // remember this value, so we don't need to
-                   _radii[entity.id] = r; // recompute it when we draw the touch targets
-                 }
+           if (drawRoute) {
+             var routeType = p.tags.type === 'waterway' ? 'waterway' : p.tags.route;
+             var segmentPresetIDs = routeSegments[routeType];
 
-                 select(this).attr('r', r).attr('visibility', i && klass === 'fill' ? 'hidden' : null);
-               });
-             });
+             for (var i in segmentPresetIDs) {
+               var segmentPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(segmentPresetIDs[i]);
+               var segmentTagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(segmentPreset.tags, '');
+               route.selectAll("path.stroke.segment".concat(i)).attr('class', "segment".concat(i, " line stroke ").concat(segmentTagClasses));
+               route.selectAll("path.casing.segment".concat(i)).attr('class', "segment".concat(i, " line casing ").concat(segmentTagClasses));
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           vertices.sort(sortY);
-           var groups = selection.selectAll('g.vertex').filter(filter).data(vertices, fastEntityKey); // exit
-
-           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
+         function renderSvgIcon(container, picon, geom, isFramed, category, tagClasses) {
+           var isMaki = picon && /^maki-/.test(picon);
+           var isTemaki = picon && /^temaki-/.test(picon);
+           var isFa = picon && /^fa[srb]-/.test(picon);
+           var isiDIcon = picon && !(isMaki || isTemaki || isFa);
+           var icon = container.selectAll('.preset-icon').data(picon ? [0] : []);
+           icon.exit().remove();
+           icon = icon.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon').call(svgIcon('')).merge(icon);
+           icon.attr('class', 'preset-icon ' + (geom ? geom + '-geom' : '')).classed('category', category).classed('framed', isFramed).classed('preset-icon-iD', isiDIcon);
+           icon.selectAll('svg').attr('class', 'icon ' + picon + ' ' + (!isiDIcon && geom !== 'line' ? '' : tagClasses));
+           var suffix = '';
 
-           var enter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'node vertex ' + d.id;
-           }).order();
-           enter.append('circle').attr('class', 'shadow');
-           enter.append('circle').attr('class', 'stroke'); // Vertices with tags get a fill.
+           if (isMaki) {
+             suffix = isSmall() && geom === 'point' ? '-11' : '-15';
+           }
 
-           enter.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.hasInterestingTags();
-           }).append('circle').attr('class', 'fill'); // update
+           icon.selectAll('use').attr('href', '#' + picon + suffix);
+         }
 
-           groups = groups.merge(enter).attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection)).classed('sibling', function (d) {
-             return d.id in sets.selected;
-           }).classed('shared', function (d) {
-             return graph.isShared(d);
-           }).classed('endpoint', function (d) {
-             return d.isEndpoint(graph);
-           }).classed('added', function (d) {
-             return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
-           }).classed('moved', function (d) {
-             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
-           }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
-             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
-           }).call(updateAttributes); // Vertices with icons get a `use`.
+         function renderImageIcon(container, imageURL) {
+           var imageIcon = container.selectAll('img.image-icon').data(imageURL ? [0] : []);
+           imageIcon.exit().remove();
+           imageIcon = imageIcon.enter().append('img').attr('class', 'image-icon').on('load', function () {
+             return container.classed('showing-img', true);
+           }).on('error', function () {
+             return container.classed('showing-img', false);
+           }).merge(imageIcon);
+           imageIcon.attr('src', imageURL);
+         } // Route icons are drawn with a zigzag annotation underneath:
+         //     o   o
+         //    / \ /
+         //   o   o
+         // This dataset defines the styles that are used to draw the zigzag segments.
 
-           var iconUse = groups.selectAll('.icon').data(function data(d) {
-             return zoom >= 17 && getIcon(d) ? [d] : [];
-           }, fastEntityKey); // exit
 
-           iconUse.exit().remove(); // enter
+         var routeSegments = {
+           bicycle: ['highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway'],
+           bus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
+           trolleybus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
+           detour: ['highway/tertiary', 'highway/residential', 'highway/unclassified'],
+           ferry: ['route/ferry', 'route/ferry', 'route/ferry'],
+           foot: ['highway/footway', 'highway/footway', 'highway/footway'],
+           hiking: ['highway/path', 'highway/path', 'highway/path'],
+           horse: ['highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway'],
+           light_rail: ['railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail'],
+           monorail: ['railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail'],
+           mtb: ['highway/path', 'highway/track', 'highway/bridleway'],
+           pipeline: ['man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline'],
+           piste: ['piste/downhill', 'piste/hike', 'piste/nordic'],
+           power: ['power/line', 'power/line', 'power/line'],
+           road: ['highway/secondary', 'highway/primary', 'highway/trunk'],
+           subway: ['railway/subway', 'railway/subway', 'railway/subway'],
+           train: ['railway/rail', 'railway/rail', 'railway/rail'],
+           tram: ['railway/tram', 'railway/tram', 'railway/tram'],
+           waterway: ['waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream']
+         };
 
-           iconUse.enter().append('use').attr('class', 'icon').attr('width', '11px').attr('height', '11px').attr('transform', 'translate(-5.5, -5.5)').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             var picon = getIcon(d);
-             var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-             return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
-           }); // Vertices with directions get viewfields
+         function render() {
+           var p = _preset.apply(this, arguments);
 
-           var dgroups = groups.selectAll('.viewfieldgroup').data(function data(d) {
-             return zoom >= 18 && getDirections(d) ? [d] : [];
-           }, fastEntityKey); // exit
+           var geom = _geometry ? _geometry.apply(this, arguments) : null;
 
-           dgroups.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+           if (geom === 'relation' && p.tags && (p.tags.type === 'route' && p.tags.route && routeSegments[p.tags.route] || p.tags.type === 'waterway')) {
+             geom = 'route';
+           }
 
-           dgroups = dgroups.enter().insert('g', '.shadow').attr('class', 'viewfieldgroup').merge(dgroups);
-           var viewfields = dgroups.selectAll('.viewfield').data(getDirections, function key(d) {
-             return osmEntity.key(d);
-           }); // exit
+           var showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
+           var isFallback = isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback();
+           var imageURL = showThirdPartyIcons === 'true' && p.imageURL;
+           var picon = getIcon(p, geom);
+           var isCategory = !p.setTags;
+           var drawPoint = picon && geom === 'point' && isSmall() && !isFallback;
+           var drawVertex = picon !== null && geom === 'vertex' && (!isSmall() || !isFallback);
+           var drawLine = picon && geom === 'line' && !isFallback && !isCategory;
+           var drawArea = picon && geom === 'area' && !isFallback && !isCategory;
+           var drawRoute = picon && geom === 'route';
+           var isFramed = drawVertex || drawArea || drawLine || drawRoute || isCategory;
+           var tags = !isCategory ? p.setTags({}, geom) : {};
 
-           viewfields.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             if (tags[k] === '*') {
+               tags[k] = 'yes';
+             }
+           }
 
-           viewfields.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('d', 'M0,0H0').merge(viewfields).attr('marker-start', 'url(#ideditor-viewfield-marker' + (wireframe ? '-wireframe' : '') + ')').attr('transform', function (d) {
-             return 'rotate(' + d + ')';
-           });
+           var tagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(tags, '');
+           var selection = select(this);
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.preset-icon-container').data([0]);
+           container = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', "preset-icon-container ".concat(_sizeClass)).merge(container);
+           container.classed('showing-img', !!imageURL).classed('fallback', isFallback);
+           renderCategoryBorder(container, isCategory && p);
+           renderPointBorder(container, drawPoint);
+           renderCircleFill(container, drawVertex);
+           renderSquareFill(container, drawArea, tagClasses);
+           renderLine(container, drawLine, tagClasses);
+           renderRoute(container, drawRoute, p);
+           renderSvgIcon(container, picon, geom, isFramed, isCategory, tagClasses);
+           renderImageIcon(container, imageURL);
          }
 
-         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-           var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
-           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
-           var activeID = context.activeID();
-           var data = {
-             targets: [],
-             nopes: []
-           };
-           entities.forEach(function (node) {
-             if (activeID === node.id) return; // draw no target on the activeID
-
-             var vertexType = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
+         presetIcon.preset = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _preset;
+           _preset = utilFunctor(val);
+           return presetIcon;
+         };
 
-             if (vertexType !== 0) {
-               // passive or adjacent - allow to connect
-               data.targets.push({
-                 type: 'Feature',
-                 id: node.id,
-                 properties: {
-                   target: true,
-                   entity: node
-                 },
-                 geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
-               });
-             } else {
-               data.nopes.push({
-                 type: 'Feature',
-                 id: node.id + '-nope',
-                 properties: {
-                   nope: true,
-                   target: true,
-                   entity: node
-                 },
-                 geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
-               });
-             }
-           }); // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
+         presetIcon.geometry = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _geometry;
+           _geometry = utilFunctor(val);
+           return presetIcon;
+         };
 
-           var targets = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-allowed').filter(function (d) {
-             return filter(d.properties.entity);
-           }).data(data.targets, function key(d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+         presetIcon.sizeClass = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _sizeClass;
+           _sizeClass = val;
+           return presetIcon;
+         };
 
-           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         return presetIcon;
+       }
 
-           targets.enter().append('circle').attr('r', function (d) {
-             return _radii[d.id] || radiuses.shadow[3];
-           }).merge(targets).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'node vertex target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // NOPE
+       function uiSectionFeatureType(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('choose');
+         var _entityIDs = [];
+         var _presets = [];
 
-           var nopes = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-nope').filter(function (d) {
-             return filter(d.properties.entity);
-           }).data(data.nopes, function key(d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // exit
+         var _tagReference;
 
-           nopes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+         var section = uiSection('feature-type', context).label(_t.html('inspector.feature_type')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-           nopes.enter().append('circle').attr('r', function (d) {
-             return _radii[d.properties.entity.id] || radiuses.shadow[3];
-           }).merge(nopes).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'node vertex target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
-           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
-         } // Points can also render as vertices:
-         // 1. in wireframe mode or
-         // 2. at higher zooms if they have a direction
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           selection.classed('preset-list-item', true);
+           selection.classed('mixed-types', _presets.length > 1);
+           var presetButtonWrap = selection.selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');
+           var presetButton = presetButtonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-list-button preset-reset').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.back_tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
+           presetButton.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon-container');
+           presetButton.append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('div').attr('class', 'label-inner');
+           presetButtonWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'accessory-buttons');
+           var tagReferenceBodyWrap = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-body-wrap').data([0]);
+           tagReferenceBodyWrap = tagReferenceBodyWrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tag-reference-body-wrap').merge(tagReferenceBodyWrap); // update header
 
+           if (_tagReference) {
+             selection.selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap .accessory-buttons').style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none').call(_tagReference.button);
+             tagReferenceBodyWrap.style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none').call(_tagReference.body);
+           }
 
-         function renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
-           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-           return geometry === 'vertex' || geometry === 'point' && (wireframe || zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length);
+           selection.selectAll('.preset-reset').on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.call('choose', this, _presets);
+           }).on('pointerdown pointerup mousedown mouseup', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           });
+           var geometries = entityGeometries();
+           selection.select('.preset-list-item button').call(uiPresetIcon().geometry(_presets.length === 1 ? geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0] : null).preset(_presets.length === 1 ? _presets[0] : _mainPresetIndex.item('point')));
+           var names = _presets.length === 1 ? [_presets[0].nameLabel(), _presets[0].subtitleLabel()].filter(Boolean) : [_t('inspector.multiple_types')];
+           var label = selection.select('.label-inner');
+           var nameparts = label.selectAll('.namepart').data(names, function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
+           nameparts.exit().remove();
+           nameparts.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'namepart').html(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
          }
 
-         function isEditedNode(node, base, head) {
-           var baseNode = base.entities[node.id];
-           var headNode = head.entities[node.id];
-           return !headNode || !baseNode || !fastDeepEqual(headNode.tags, baseNode.tags) || !fastDeepEqual(headNode.loc, baseNode.loc);
-         }
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-         function getSiblingAndChildVertices(ids, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
-           var results = {};
-           var seenIds = {};
+         section.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _presets; // don't reload the same preset
 
-           function addChildVertices(entity) {
-             // avoid redundant work and infinite recursion of circular relations
-             if (seenIds[entity.id]) return;
-             seenIds[entity.id] = true;
-             var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _presets)) {
+             _presets = val;
 
-             if (!context.features().isHiddenFeature(entity, graph, geometry)) {
-               var i;
+             if (_presets.length === 1) {
+               _tagReference = uiTagReference(_presets[0].reference()).showing(false);
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                 for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
-                   var child = graph.hasEntity(entity.nodes[i]);
+           return section;
+         };
 
-                   if (child) {
-                     addChildVertices(child);
-                   }
-                 }
-               } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
-                 for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
-                   var member = graph.hasEntity(entity.members[i].id);
+         function entityGeometries() {
+           var counts = {};
 
-                   if (member) {
-                     addChildVertices(member);
-                   }
-                 }
-               } else if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
-                 results[entity.id] = entity;
-               }
-             }
+           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+             var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[i]);
+             if (!counts[geometry]) counts[geometry] = 0;
+             counts[geometry] += 1;
            }
 
-           ids.forEach(function (id) {
-             var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-             if (!entity) return;
-
-             if (entity.type === 'node') {
-               if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
-                 results[entity.id] = entity;
-                 graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (entity) {
-                   addChildVertices(entity);
-                 });
-               }
-             } else {
-               // way, relation
-               addChildVertices(entity);
-             }
+           return Object.keys(counts).sort(function (geom1, geom2) {
+             return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
            });
-           return results;
          }
 
-         function drawVertices(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent, fullRedraw) {
-           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-           var visualDiff = context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
-           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
-           var base = context.history().base();
-           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.vertices');
-           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');
+         return utilRebind(section, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           if (fullRedraw) {
-             _currPersistent = {};
-             _radii = {};
-           } // Collect important vertices from the `entities` list..
-           // (during a partial redraw, it will not contain everything)
+       // It borrows some code from uiHelp
 
+       function uiFieldHelp(context, fieldName) {
+         var fieldHelp = {};
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-             var entity = entities[i];
-             var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-             var keep = false; // a point that looks like a vertex..
+         var _inspector = select(null);
 
-             if (geometry === 'point' && renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
-               _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
-               keep = true; // a vertex of some importance..
-             } else if (geometry === 'vertex' && (entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.isEndpoint(graph) || entity.isConnected(graph) || visualDiff && isEditedNode(entity, base, graph))) {
-               _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
-               keep = true;
-             } // whatever this is, it's not a persistent vertex..
+         var _wrap = select(null);
 
+         var _body = select(null);
 
-             if (!keep && !fullRedraw) {
-               delete _currPersistent[entity.id];
-             }
-           } // 3 sets of vertices to consider:
+         var fieldHelpKeys = {
+           restrictions: [['about', ['about', 'from_via_to', 'maxdist', 'maxvia']], ['inspecting', ['about', 'from_shadow', 'allow_shadow', 'restrict_shadow', 'only_shadow', 'restricted', 'only']], ['modifying', ['about', 'indicators', 'allow_turn', 'restrict_turn', 'only_turn']], ['tips', ['simple', 'simple_example', 'indirect', 'indirect_example', 'indirect_noedit']]]
+         };
+         var fieldHelpHeadings = {};
+         var replacements = {
+           distField: _t.html('restriction.controls.distance'),
+           viaField: _t.html('restriction.controls.via'),
+           fromShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow from'),
+           allowShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow allow'),
+           restrictShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow restrict'),
+           onlyShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow only'),
+           allowTurn: icon('#iD-turn-yes', 'inline turn'),
+           restrictTurn: icon('#iD-turn-no', 'inline turn'),
+           onlyTurn: icon('#iD-turn-only', 'inline turn')
+         }; // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
 
+         var docs = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName].map(function (key) {
+           var helpkey = 'help.field.' + fieldName + '.' + key[0];
+           var text = key[1].reduce(function (all, part) {
+             var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
+             var depth = fieldHelpHeadings[subkey]; // is this subkey a heading?
 
-           var sets = {
-             persistent: _currPersistent,
-             // persistent = important vertices (render always)
-             selected: _currSelected,
-             // selected + siblings of selected (render always)
-             hovered: _currHover // hovered + siblings of hovered (render only in draw modes)
+             var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : ''; // if so, prepend with some ##'s
 
+             return all + hhh + _t.html(subkey, replacements) + '\n\n';
+           }, '');
+           return {
+             key: helpkey,
+             title: _t.html(helpkey + '.title'),
+             html: marked_1(text.trim())
            };
-           var all = Object.assign({}, isMoving ? _currHover : {}, _currSelected, _currPersistent); // Draw the vertices..
-           // The filter function controls the scope of what objects d3 will touch (exit/enter/update)
-           // Adjust the filter function to expand the scope beyond whatever entities were passed in.
+         });
 
-           var filterRendered = function filterRendered(d) {
-             return d.id in _currPersistent || d.id in _currSelected || d.id in _currHover || filter(d);
-           };
+         function show() {
+           updatePosition();
+
+           _body.classed('hide', false).style('opacity', '0').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '1');
+         }
+
+         function hide() {
+           _body.classed('hide', true).transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
+             _body.classed('hide', true);
+           });
+         }
 
-           drawLayer.call(draw, graph, currentVisible(all), sets, filterRendered); // Draw touch targets..
-           // When drawing, render all targets (not just those affected by a partial redraw)
+         function clickHelp(index) {
+           var d = docs[index];
+           var tkeys = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName][index][1];
 
-           var filterTouch = function filterTouch(d) {
-             return isMoving ? true : filterRendered(d);
-           };
+           _body.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item').classed('active', function (d, i) {
+             return i === index;
+           });
 
-           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, currentVisible(all), filterTouch);
+           var content = _body.selectAll('.field-help-content').html(d.html); // class the paragraphs so we can find and style them
 
-           function currentVisible(which) {
-             return Object.keys(which).map(graph.hasEntity, graph) // the current version of this entity
-             .filter(function (entity) {
-               return entity && entity.intersects(extent, graph);
-             });
-           }
-         } // partial redraw - only update the selected items..
 
+           content.selectAll('p').attr('class', function (d, i) {
+             return tkeys[i];
+           }); // insert special content for certain help sections
 
-         drawVertices.drawSelected = function (selection, graph, extent) {
-           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-           _prevSelected = _currSelected || {};
+           if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.inspecting') {
+             content.insert('img', 'p.from_shadow').attr('class', 'field-help-image cf').attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_inspect.gif'));
+           } else if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.modifying') {
+             content.insert('img', 'p.allow_turn').attr('class', 'field-help-image cf').attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_modify.gif'));
+           }
+         }
 
-           if (context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
-             _currSelected = {};
-             context.selectedIDs().forEach(function (id) {
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-               if (!entity) return;
+         fieldHelp.button = function (selection) {
+           if (_body.empty()) return;
+           var button = selection.selectAll('.field-help-button').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-               if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                 if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
-                   _currSelected[entity.id] = entity;
-                 }
-               }
-             });
-           } else {
-             _currSelected = getSiblingAndChildVertices(context.selectedIDs(), graph, wireframe, zoom);
-           } // note that drawVertices will add `_currSelected` automatically if needed..
+           button.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'field-help-button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-help')).merge(button).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
 
+             if (_body.classed('hide')) {
+               show();
+             } else {
+               hide();
+             }
+           });
+         };
 
-           var filter = function filter(d) {
-             return d.id in _prevSelected;
-           };
+         function updatePosition() {
+           var wrap = _wrap.node();
 
-           drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevSelected), filter, extent, false);
-         }; // partial redraw - only update the hovered items..
+           var inspector = _inspector.node();
 
+           var wRect = wrap.getBoundingClientRect();
+           var iRect = inspector.getBoundingClientRect();
 
-         drawVertices.drawHover = function (selection, graph, target, extent) {
-           if (target === _currHoverTarget) return; // continue only if something changed
+           _body.style('top', wRect.top + inspector.scrollTop - iRect.top + 'px');
+         }
 
-           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-           _prevHover = _currHover || {};
-           _currHoverTarget = target;
-           var entity = target && target.properties && target.properties.entity;
+         fieldHelp.body = function (selection) {
+           // This control expects the field to have a form-field-input-wrap div
+           _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap');
+           if (_wrap.empty()) return; // absolute position relative to the inspector, so it "floats" above the fields
 
-           if (entity) {
-             _currHover = getSiblingAndChildVertices([entity.id], graph, wireframe, zoom);
-           } else {
-             _currHover = {};
-           } // note that drawVertices will add `_currHover` automatically if needed..
+           _inspector = context.container().select('.sidebar .entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
+           if (_inspector.empty()) return;
+           _body = _inspector.selectAll('.field-help-body').data([0]);
 
+           var enter = _body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-body hide'); // initially hidden
 
-           var filter = function filter(d) {
-             return d.id in _prevHover;
-           };
 
-           drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevHover), filter, extent, false);
+           var titleEnter = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-title cf');
+           titleEnter.append('h2').attr('class', _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'fr' : 'fl').html(_t.html('help.field.' + fieldName + '.title'));
+           titleEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'fr close').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             hide();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           var navEnter = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-nav cf');
+           var titles = docs.map(function (d) {
+             return d.title;
+           });
+           navEnter.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item').data(titles).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-nav-item').html(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             clickHelp(titles.indexOf(d));
+           });
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-content');
+           _body = _body.merge(enter);
+           clickHelp(0);
          };
 
-         return drawVertices;
+         return fieldHelp;
        }
 
-       function utilBindOnce(target, type, listener, capture) {
-         var typeOnce = type + '.once';
+       function uiFieldCheck(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var options = field.options;
+         var values = [];
+         var texts = [];
 
-         function one() {
-           target.on(typeOnce, null);
-           listener.apply(this, arguments);
-         }
+         var _tags;
 
-         target.on(typeOnce, one, capture);
-         return this;
-       }
+         var input = select(null);
+         var text = select(null);
+         var label = select(null);
+         var reverser = select(null);
 
-       function defaultFilter$2(d3_event) {
-         return !d3_event.ctrlKey && !d3_event.button;
-       }
+         var _impliedYes;
 
-       function defaultExtent$1() {
-         var e = this;
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-         if (e instanceof SVGElement) {
-           e = e.ownerSVGElement || e;
+         var _value;
 
-           if (e.hasAttribute('viewBox')) {
-             e = e.viewBox.baseVal;
-             return [[e.x, e.y], [e.x + e.width, e.y + e.height]];
+         if (options) {
+           for (var i in options) {
+             var v = options[i];
+             values.push(v === 'undefined' ? undefined : v);
+             texts.push(field.t.html('options.' + v, {
+               'default': v
+             }));
            }
+         } else {
+           values = [undefined, 'yes'];
+           texts = [_t.html('inspector.unknown'), _t.html('inspector.check.yes')];
 
-           return [[0, 0], [e.width.baseVal.value, e.height.baseVal.value]];
-         }
-
-         return [[0, 0], [e.clientWidth, e.clientHeight]];
-       }
+           if (field.type !== 'defaultCheck') {
+             values.push('no');
+             texts.push(_t.html('inspector.check.no'));
+           }
+         } // Checks tags to see whether an undefined value is "Assumed to be Yes"
 
-       function defaultWheelDelta$1(d3_event) {
-         return -d3_event.deltaY * (d3_event.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.05 : d3_event.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.002);
-       }
 
-       function defaultConstrain$1(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
-         var dx0 = transform.invertX(extent[0][0]) - translateExtent[0][0],
-             dx1 = transform.invertX(extent[1][0]) - translateExtent[1][0],
-             dy0 = transform.invertY(extent[0][1]) - translateExtent[0][1],
-             dy1 = transform.invertY(extent[1][1]) - translateExtent[1][1];
-         return transform.translate(dx1 > dx0 ? (dx0 + dx1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dx0) || Math.max(0, dx1), dy1 > dy0 ? (dy0 + dy1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dy0) || Math.max(0, dy1));
-       }
+         function checkImpliedYes() {
+           _impliedYes = field.id === 'oneway_yes'; // hack: pretend `oneway` field is a `oneway_yes` field
+           // where implied oneway tag exists (e.g. `junction=roundabout`) #2220, #1841
 
-       function utilZoomPan() {
-         var filter = defaultFilter$2,
-             extent = defaultExtent$1,
-             constrain = defaultConstrain$1,
-             wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta$1,
-             scaleExtent = [0, Infinity],
-             translateExtent = [[-Infinity, -Infinity], [Infinity, Infinity]],
-             interpolate = interpolateZoom,
-             dispatch$1 = dispatch('start', 'zoom', 'end'),
-             _wheelDelay = 150,
-             _transform = identity$2,
-             _activeGesture;
+           if (field.id === 'oneway') {
+             var entity = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]);
 
-         function zoom(selection) {
-           selection.on('pointerdown.zoom', pointerdown).on('wheel.zoom', wheeled).style('touch-action', 'none').style('-webkit-tap-highlight-color', 'rgba(0,0,0,0)');
-           select(window).on('pointermove.zoompan', pointermove).on('pointerup.zoompan pointercancel.zoompan', pointerup);
+             for (var key in entity.tags) {
+               if (key in osmOneWayTags && entity.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key]) {
+                 _impliedYes = true;
+                 texts[0] = _t.html('_tagging.presets.fields.oneway_yes.options.undefined');
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+           }
          }
 
-         zoom.transform = function (collection, transform, point) {
-           var selection = collection.selection ? collection.selection() : collection;
+         function reverserHidden() {
+           if (!context.container().select('div.inspector-hover').empty()) return true;
+           return !(_value === 'yes' || _impliedYes && !_value);
+         }
 
-           if (collection !== selection) {
-             schedule(collection, transform, point);
-           } else {
-             selection.interrupt().each(function () {
-               gesture(this, arguments).start(null).zoom(null, null, typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(this, arguments) : transform).end(null);
-             });
-           }
-         };
+         function reverserSetText(selection) {
+           var entity = _entityIDs.length && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
+           if (reverserHidden() || !entity) return selection;
+           var first = entity.first();
+           var last = entity.isClosed() ? entity.nodes[entity.nodes.length - 2] : entity.last();
+           var pseudoDirection = first < last;
+           var icon = pseudoDirection ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward';
+           selection.selectAll('.reverser-span').html(_t.html('inspector.check.reverser')).call(svgIcon(icon, 'inline'));
+           return selection;
+         }
 
-         zoom.scaleBy = function (selection, k, p) {
-           zoom.scaleTo(selection, function () {
-             var k0 = _transform.k,
-                 k1 = typeof k === 'function' ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
-             return k0 * k1;
-           }, p);
-         };
+         var check = function check(selection) {
+           checkImpliedYes();
+           label = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           var enter = label.enter().append('label').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-check');
+           enter.append('input').property('indeterminate', field.type !== 'defaultCheck').attr('type', 'checkbox').attr('id', field.domId);
+           enter.append('span').html(texts[0]).attr('class', 'value');
 
-         zoom.scaleTo = function (selection, k, p) {
-           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
-             var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
-                 t0 = _transform,
-                 p0 = !p ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p,
-                 p1 = t0.invert(p0),
-                 k1 = typeof k === 'function' ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
-             return constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), e, translateExtent);
-           }, p);
-         };
+           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
+             enter.append('button').attr('class', 'reverser' + (reverserHidden() ? ' hide' : '')).append('span').attr('class', 'reverser-span');
+           }
 
-         zoom.translateBy = function (selection, x, y) {
-           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
-             return constrain(_transform.translate(typeof x === 'function' ? x.apply(this, arguments) : x, typeof y === 'function' ? y.apply(this, arguments) : y), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);
-           });
-         };
+           label = label.merge(enter);
+           input = label.selectAll('input');
+           text = label.selectAll('span.value');
+           input.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             var t = {};
 
-         zoom.translateTo = function (selection, x, y, p) {
-           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
-             var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
-                 t = _transform,
-                 p0 = !p ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p;
-             return constrain(identity$2.translate(p0[0], p0[1]).scale(t.k).translate(typeof x === 'function' ? -x.apply(this, arguments) : -x, typeof y === 'function' ? -y.apply(this, arguments) : -y), e, translateExtent);
-           }, p);
-         };
+             if (Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
+               if (values.indexOf('yes') !== -1) {
+                 t[field.key] = 'yes';
+               } else {
+                 t[field.key] = values[0];
+               }
+             } else {
+               t[field.key] = values[(values.indexOf(_value) + 1) % values.length];
+             } // Don't cycle through `alternating` or `reversible` states - #4970
+             // (They are supported as translated strings, but should not toggle with clicks)
 
-         function scale(transform, k) {
-           k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], k));
-           return k === transform.k ? transform : new Transform(k, transform.x, transform.y);
-         }
 
-         function translate(transform, p0, p1) {
-           var x = p0[0] - p1[0] * transform.k,
-               y = p0[1] - p1[1] * transform.k;
-           return x === transform.x && y === transform.y ? transform : new Transform(transform.k, x, y);
-         }
+             if (t[field.key] === 'reversible' || t[field.key] === 'alternating') {
+               t[field.key] = values[0];
+             }
 
-         function centroid(extent) {
-           return [(+extent[0][0] + +extent[1][0]) / 2, (+extent[0][1] + +extent[1][1]) / 2];
-         }
+             dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+           });
 
-         function schedule(transition, transform, point) {
-           transition.on('start.zoom', function () {
-             gesture(this, arguments).start(null);
-           }).on('interrupt.zoom end.zoom', function () {
-             gesture(this, arguments).end(null);
-           }).tween('zoom', function () {
-             var that = this,
-                 args = arguments,
-                 g = gesture(that, args),
-                 e = extent.apply(that, args),
-                 p = !point ? centroid(e) : typeof point === 'function' ? point.apply(that, args) : point,
-                 w = Math.max(e[1][0] - e[0][0], e[1][1] - e[0][1]),
-                 a = _transform,
-                 b = typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(that, args) : transform,
-                 i = interpolate(a.invert(p).concat(w / a.k), b.invert(p).concat(w / b.k));
-             return function (t) {
-               if (t === 1) t = b; // Avoid rounding error on end.
-               else {
-                   var l = i(t),
-                       k = w / l[2];
-                   t = new Transform(k, p[0] - l[0] * k, p[1] - l[1] * k);
+           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
+             reverser = label.selectAll('.reverser');
+             reverser.call(reverserSetText).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               context.perform(function (graph) {
+                 for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+                   graph = actionReverse(_entityIDs[i])(graph);
                  }
-               g.zoom(null, null, t);
-             };
-           });
-         }
 
-         function gesture(that, args, clean) {
-           return !clean && _activeGesture || new Gesture(that, args);
-         }
+                 return graph;
+               }, _t('operations.reverse.annotation.line', {
+                 n: 1
+               })); // must manually revalidate since no 'change' event was called
 
-         function Gesture(that, args) {
-           this.that = that;
-           this.args = args;
-           this.active = 0;
-           this.extent = extent.apply(that, args);
-         }
+               context.validator().validate();
+               select(this).call(reverserSetText);
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
-         Gesture.prototype = {
-           start: function start(d3_event) {
-             if (++this.active === 1) {
-               _activeGesture = this;
-               dispatch$1.call('start', this, d3_event);
-             }
+         check.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return check;
+         };
 
-             return this;
-           },
-           zoom: function zoom(d3_event, key, transform) {
-             if (this.mouse && key !== 'mouse') this.mouse[1] = transform.invert(this.mouse[0]);
-             if (this.pointer0 && key !== 'touch') this.pointer0[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer0[0]);
-             if (this.pointer1 && key !== 'touch') this.pointer1[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer1[0]);
-             _transform = transform;
-             dispatch$1.call('zoom', this, d3_event, key, transform);
-             return this;
-           },
-           end: function end(d3_event) {
-             if (--this.active === 0) {
-               _activeGesture = null;
-               dispatch$1.call('end', this, d3_event);
-             }
+         check.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
 
-             return this;
+           function isChecked(val) {
+             return val !== 'no' && val !== '' && val !== undefined && val !== null;
            }
-         };
 
-         function wheeled(d3_event) {
-           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments),
-               t = _transform,
-               k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], t.k * Math.pow(2, wheelDelta.apply(this, arguments)))),
-               p = utilFastMouse(this)(d3_event); // If the mouse is in the same location as before, reuse it.
-           // If there were recent wheel events, reset the wheel idle timeout.
+           function textFor(val) {
+             if (val === '') val = undefined;
+             var index = values.indexOf(val);
+             return index !== -1 ? texts[index] : '"' + val + '"';
+           }
 
-           if (g.wheel) {
-             if (g.mouse[0][0] !== p[0] || g.mouse[0][1] !== p[1]) {
-               g.mouse[1] = t.invert(g.mouse[0] = p);
-             }
+           checkImpliedYes();
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+           _value = !isMixed && tags[field.key] && tags[field.key].toLowerCase();
 
-             clearTimeout(g.wheel); // Otherwise, capture the mouse point and location at the start.
-           } else {
-             g.mouse = [p, t.invert(p)];
-             interrupt(this);
-             g.start(d3_event);
+           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck' && (_value === '1' || _value === '-1')) {
+             _value = 'yes';
            }
 
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-           g.wheel = setTimeout(wheelidled, _wheelDelay);
-           g.zoom(d3_event, 'mouse', constrain(translate(scale(t, k), g.mouse[0], g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
+           input.property('indeterminate', isMixed || field.type !== 'defaultCheck' && !_value).property('checked', isChecked(_value));
+           text.html(isMixed ? _t.html('inspector.multiple_values') : textFor(_value)).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+           label.classed('set', !!_value);
 
-           function wheelidled() {
-             g.wheel = null;
-             g.end(d3_event);
+           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
+             reverser.classed('hide', reverserHidden()).call(reverserSetText);
            }
-         }
+         };
 
-         var _downPointerIDs = new Set();
+         check.focus = function () {
+           input.node().focus();
+         };
 
-         var _pointerLocGetter;
+         return utilRebind(check, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
-           _downPointerIDs.add(d3_event.pointerId);
+       function uiFieldCombo(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
 
-           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments, _downPointerIDs.size === 1);
-           var started;
-           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-           _pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
+         var _isMulti = field.type === 'multiCombo' || field.type === 'manyCombo';
 
-           var loc = _pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
+         var _isNetwork = field.type === 'networkCombo';
 
-           var p = [loc, _transform.invert(loc), d3_event.pointerId];
+         var _isSemi = field.type === 'semiCombo';
 
-           if (!g.pointer0) {
-             g.pointer0 = p;
-             started = true;
-           } else if (!g.pointer1 && g.pointer0[2] !== p[2]) {
-             g.pointer1 = p;
-           }
+         var _optarray = field.options;
 
-           if (started) {
-             interrupt(this);
-             g.start(d3_event);
-           }
-         }
+         var _showTagInfoSuggestions = field.type !== 'manyCombo' && field.autoSuggestions !== false;
 
-         function pointermove(d3_event) {
-           if (!_downPointerIDs.has(d3_event.pointerId)) return;
-           if (!_activeGesture || !_pointerLocGetter) return;
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments);
-           var isPointer0 = g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === d3_event.pointerId;
-           var isPointer1 = !isPointer0 && g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === d3_event.pointerId;
+         var _allowCustomValues = field.type !== 'manyCombo' && field.customValues !== false;
 
-           if ((isPointer0 || isPointer1) && 'buttons' in d3_event && !d3_event.buttons) {
-             // The pointer went up without ending the gesture somehow, e.g.
-             // a down mouse was moved off the map and released. End it here.
-             if (g.pointer0) _downPointerIDs["delete"](g.pointer0[2]);
-             if (g.pointer1) _downPointerIDs["delete"](g.pointer1[2]);
-             g.end(d3_event);
-             return;
-           }
+         var _snake_case = field.snake_case || field.snake_case === undefined;
 
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+         var _combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid).caseSensitive(field.caseSensitive).minItems(_isMulti || _isSemi ? 1 : 2);
 
-           var loc = _pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
+         var _container = select(null);
 
-           var t, p, l;
-           if (isPointer0) g.pointer0[0] = loc;else if (isPointer1) g.pointer1[0] = loc;
-           t = _transform;
+         var _inputWrap = select(null);
 
-           if (g.pointer1) {
-             var p0 = g.pointer0[0],
-                 l0 = g.pointer0[1],
-                 p1 = g.pointer1[0],
-                 l1 = g.pointer1[1],
-                 dp = (dp = p1[0] - p0[0]) * dp + (dp = p1[1] - p0[1]) * dp,
-                 dl = (dl = l1[0] - l0[0]) * dl + (dl = l1[1] - l0[1]) * dl;
-             t = scale(t, Math.sqrt(dp / dl));
-             p = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
-             l = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
-           } else if (g.pointer0) {
-             p = g.pointer0[0];
-             l = g.pointer0[1];
-           } else return;
+         var _input = select(null);
 
-           g.zoom(d3_event, 'touch', constrain(translate(t, p, l), g.extent, translateExtent));
-         }
+         var _comboData = [];
+         var _multiData = [];
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-         function pointerup(d3_event) {
-           if (!_downPointerIDs.has(d3_event.pointerId)) return;
+         var _tags;
 
-           _downPointerIDs["delete"](d3_event.pointerId);
+         var _countryCode;
 
-           if (!_activeGesture) return;
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments);
-           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-           if (g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === d3_event.pointerId) delete g.pointer0;else if (g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === d3_event.pointerId) delete g.pointer1;
+         var _staticPlaceholder; // initialize deprecated tags array
 
-           if (g.pointer1 && !g.pointer0) {
-             g.pointer0 = g.pointer1;
-             delete g.pointer1;
-           }
 
-           if (g.pointer0) g.pointer0[1] = _transform.invert(g.pointer0[0]);else {
-             g.end(d3_event);
-           }
+         var _dataDeprecated = [];
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated').then(function (d) {
+           _dataDeprecated = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         }); // ensure multiCombo field.key ends with a ':'
+
+         if (_isMulti && field.key && /[^:]$/.test(field.key)) {
+           field.key += ':';
          }
 
-         zoom.wheelDelta = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = utilFunctor(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
-         };
+         function snake(s) {
+           return s.replace(/\s+/g, '_').toLowerCase();
+         }
 
-         zoom.filter = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (filter = utilFunctor(!!_), zoom) : filter;
-         };
+         function clean(s) {
+           return s.split(';').map(function (s) {
+             return s.trim();
+           }).join(';');
+         } // returns the tag value for a display value
+         // (for multiCombo, dval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
 
-         zoom.extent = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (extent = utilFunctor([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
-         };
 
-         zoom.scaleExtent = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (scaleExtent[0] = +_[0], scaleExtent[1] = +_[1], zoom) : [scaleExtent[0], scaleExtent[1]];
-         };
+         function tagValue(dval) {
+           dval = clean(dval || '');
 
-         zoom.translateExtent = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (translateExtent[0][0] = +_[0][0], translateExtent[1][0] = +_[1][0], translateExtent[0][1] = +_[0][1], translateExtent[1][1] = +_[1][1], zoom) : [[translateExtent[0][0], translateExtent[0][1]], [translateExtent[1][0], translateExtent[1][1]]];
-         };
+           var found = _comboData.find(function (o) {
+             return o.key && clean(o.value) === dval;
+           });
 
-         zoom.constrain = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (constrain = _, zoom) : constrain;
-         };
+           if (found) return found.key;
 
-         zoom.interpolate = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, zoom) : interpolate;
-         };
+           if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && !dval) {
+             return 'yes';
+           }
 
-         zoom._transform = function (_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (_transform = _, zoom) : _transform;
-         };
+           return (_snake_case ? snake(dval) : dval) || undefined;
+         } // returns the display value for a tag value
+         // (for multiCombo, tval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
 
-         return utilRebind(zoom, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
 
-       // if pointer events are supported. Falls back to default `dblclick` event.
+         function displayValue(tval) {
+           tval = tval || '';
 
-       function utilDoubleUp() {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('doubleUp');
-         var _maxTimespan = 500; // milliseconds
+           if (field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + tval)) {
+             return field.t('options.' + tval, {
+               "default": tval
+             });
+           }
 
-         var _maxDistance = 20; // web pixels; be somewhat generous to account for touch devices
+           if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && tval.toLowerCase() === 'yes') {
+             return '';
+           }
 
-         var _pointer; // object representing the pointer that could trigger double up
+           return tval;
+         } // Compute the difference between arrays of objects by `value` property
+         //
+         // objectDifference([{value:1}, {value:2}, {value:3}], [{value:2}])
+         // > [{value:1}, {value:3}]
+         //
 
 
-         function pointerIsValidFor(loc) {
-           // second pointerup must occur within a small timeframe after the first pointerdown
-           return new Date().getTime() - _pointer.startTime <= _maxTimespan && // all pointer events must occur within a small distance of the first pointerdown
-           geoVecLength(_pointer.startLoc, loc) <= _maxDistance;
+         function objectDifference(a, b) {
+           return a.filter(function (d1) {
+             return !b.some(function (d2) {
+               return !d2.isMixed && d1.value === d2.value;
+             });
+           });
          }
 
-         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
-           // ignore right-click
-           if (d3_event.ctrlKey || d3_event.button === 2) return;
-           var loc = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY]; // Don't rely on pointerId here since it can change between pointerdown
-           // events on touch devices
-
-           if (_pointer && !pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
-             // if this pointer is no longer valid, clear it so another can be started
-             _pointer = undefined;
+         function initCombo(selection, attachTo) {
+           if (!_allowCustomValues) {
+             selection.attr('readonly', 'readonly');
            }
 
-           if (!_pointer) {
-             _pointer = {
-               startLoc: loc,
-               startTime: new Date().getTime(),
-               upCount: 0,
-               pointerId: d3_event.pointerId
-             };
+           if (_showTagInfoSuggestions && services.taginfo) {
+             selection.call(_combobox.fetcher(setTaginfoValues), attachTo);
+             setTaginfoValues('', setPlaceholder);
            } else {
-             // double down
-             _pointer.pointerId = d3_event.pointerId;
+             selection.call(_combobox, attachTo);
+             setStaticValues(setPlaceholder);
            }
          }
 
-         function pointerup(d3_event) {
-           // ignore right-click
-           if (d3_event.ctrlKey || d3_event.button === 2) return;
-           if (!_pointer || _pointer.pointerId !== d3_event.pointerId) return;
-           _pointer.upCount += 1;
+         function setStaticValues(callback) {
+           if (!_optarray) return;
+           _comboData = _optarray.map(function (v) {
+             return {
+               key: v,
+               value: field.t('options.' + v, {
+                 "default": v
+               }),
+               title: v,
+               display: field.t.html('options.' + v, {
+                 "default": v
+               }),
+               klass: field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + v) ? '' : 'raw-option'
+             };
+           });
 
-           if (_pointer.upCount === 2) {
-             // double up!
-             var loc = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY];
+           _combobox.data(objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData));
 
-             if (pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
-               var locInThis = utilFastMouse(this)(d3_event);
-               dispatch$1.call('doubleUp', this, d3_event, locInThis);
-             } // clear the pointer info in any case
+           if (callback) callback(_comboData);
+         }
 
+         function setTaginfoValues(q, callback) {
+           var fn = _isMulti ? 'multikeys' : 'values';
+           var query = (_isMulti ? field.key : '') + q;
+           var hasCountryPrefix = _isNetwork && _countryCode && _countryCode.indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === 0;
 
-             _pointer = undefined;
+           if (hasCountryPrefix) {
+             query = _countryCode + ':';
            }
-         }
 
-         function doubleUp(selection) {
-           if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
-             // dblclick isn't well supported on touch devices so manually use
-             // pointer events if they're available
-             selection.on('pointerdown.doubleUp', pointerdown).on('pointerup.doubleUp', pointerup);
-           } else {
-             // fallback to dblclick
-             selection.on('dblclick.doubleUp', function (d3_event) {
-               dispatch$1.call('doubleUp', this, d3_event, utilFastMouse(this)(d3_event));
-             });
+           var params = {
+             debounce: q !== '',
+             key: field.key,
+             query: query
+           };
+
+           if (_entityIDs.length) {
+             params.geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);
            }
-         }
 
-         doubleUp.off = function (selection) {
-           selection.on('pointerdown.doubleUp', null).on('pointerup.doubleUp', null).on('dblclick.doubleUp', null);
-         };
+           services.taginfo[fn](params, function (err, data) {
+             if (err) return;
+             data = data.filter(function (d) {
+               if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && d.value === 'yes') {
+                 // don't show the fallback value
+                 return false;
+               } // don't show values with very low usage
 
-         return utilRebind(doubleUp, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
 
-       var TILESIZE = 256;
-       var minZoom = 2;
-       var maxZoom = 24;
-       var kMin = geoZoomToScale(minZoom, TILESIZE);
-       var kMax = geoZoomToScale(maxZoom, TILESIZE);
+               return !d.count || d.count > 10;
+             });
+             var deprecatedValues = osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey(_dataDeprecated)[field.key];
 
-       function clamp(num, min, max) {
-         return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
-       }
+             if (deprecatedValues) {
+               // don't suggest deprecated tag values
+               data = data.filter(function (d) {
+                 return deprecatedValues.indexOf(d.value) === -1;
+               });
+             }
 
-       function rendererMap(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('move', 'drawn', 'crossEditableZoom', 'hitMinZoom', 'changeHighlighting', 'changeAreaFill');
-         var projection = context.projection;
-         var curtainProjection = context.curtainProjection;
-         var drawLayers;
-         var drawPoints;
-         var drawVertices;
-         var drawLines;
-         var drawAreas;
-         var drawMidpoints;
-         var drawLabels;
+             if (hasCountryPrefix) {
+               data = data.filter(function (d) {
+                 return d.value.toLowerCase().indexOf(_countryCode + ':') === 0;
+               });
+             } // hide the caret if there are no suggestions
 
-         var _selection = select(null);
 
-         var supersurface = select(null);
-         var wrapper = select(null);
-         var surface = select(null);
-         var _dimensions = [1, 1];
-         var _dblClickZoomEnabled = true;
-         var _redrawEnabled = true;
+             _container.classed('empty-combobox', data.length === 0);
 
-         var _gestureTransformStart;
+             _comboData = data.map(function (d) {
+               var k = d.value;
+               if (_isMulti) k = k.replace(field.key, '');
+               var label = field.t('options.' + k, {
+                 "default": k
+               });
+               return {
+                 key: k,
+                 value: label,
+                 display: field.t.html('options.' + k, {
+                   "default": k
+                 }),
+                 title: d.title || label,
+                 klass: field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + k) ? '' : 'raw-option'
+               };
+             });
+             _comboData = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
+             if (callback) callback(_comboData);
+           });
+         }
 
-         var _transformStart = projection.transform();
+         function setPlaceholder(values) {
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.add');
+           } else {
+             var vals = values.map(function (d) {
+               return d.value;
+             }).filter(function (s) {
+               return s.length < 20;
+             });
+             var placeholders = vals.length > 1 ? vals : values.map(function (d) {
+               return d.key;
+             });
+             _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || placeholders.slice(0, 3).join(', ');
+           }
 
-         var _transformLast;
+           if (!/(…|\.\.\.)$/.test(_staticPlaceholder)) {
+             _staticPlaceholder += '…';
+           }
 
-         var _isTransformed = false;
-         var _minzoom = 0;
+           var ph;
 
-         var _getMouseCoords;
+           if (!_isMulti && !_isSemi && _tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
+             ph = _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+           } else {
+             ph = _staticPlaceholder;
+           }
 
-         var _lastPointerEvent;
+           _container.selectAll('input').attr('placeholder', ph);
+         }
 
-         var _lastWithinEditableZoom; // whether a pointerdown event started the zoom
+         function change() {
+           var t = {};
+           var val;
 
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             val = tagValue(utilGetSetValue(_input).replace(/,/g, ';')) || '';
 
-         var _pointerDown = false; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
+             _container.classed('active', false);
 
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse'; // use pointer event interaction if supported; fallback to touch/mouse events in d3-zoom
+             utilGetSetValue(_input, '');
+             var vals = val.split(';').filter(Boolean);
+             if (!vals.length) return;
 
+             if (_isMulti) {
+               utilArrayUniq(vals).forEach(function (v) {
+                 var key = (field.key || '') + v;
 
-         var _zoomerPannerFunction = 'PointerEvent' in window ? utilZoomPan : d3_zoom;
+                 if (_tags) {
+                   // don't set a multicombo value to 'yes' if it already has a non-'no' value
+                   // e.g. `language:de=main`
+                   var old = _tags[key];
+                   if (typeof old === 'string' && old.toLowerCase() !== 'no') return;
+                 }
 
-         var _zoomerPanner = _zoomerPannerFunction().scaleExtent([kMin, kMax]).interpolate(interpolate).filter(zoomEventFilter).on('zoom.map', zoomPan).on('start.map', function (d3_event) {
-           _pointerDown = d3_event && (d3_event.type === 'pointerdown' || d3_event.sourceEvent && d3_event.sourceEvent.type === 'pointerdown');
-         }).on('end.map', function () {
-           _pointerDown = false;
-         });
+                 key = context.cleanTagKey(key);
+                 field.keys.push(key);
+                 t[key] = 'yes';
+               });
+             } else if (_isSemi) {
+               var arr = _multiData.map(function (d) {
+                 return d.key;
+               });
 
-         var _doubleUpHandler = utilDoubleUp();
+               arr = arr.concat(vals);
+               t[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(utilArrayUniq(arr).filter(Boolean).join(';'));
+             }
 
-         var scheduleRedraw = throttle(redraw, 750); // var isRedrawScheduled = false;
-         // var pendingRedrawCall;
-         // function scheduleRedraw() {
-         //     // Only schedule the redraw if one has not already been set.
-         //     if (isRedrawScheduled) return;
-         //     isRedrawScheduled = true;
-         //     var that = this;
-         //     var args = arguments;
-         //     pendingRedrawCall = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-         //         // Reset the boolean so future redraws can be set.
-         //         isRedrawScheduled = false;
-         //         redraw.apply(that, args);
-         //     }, { timeout: 1400 });
-         // }
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               _input.node().focus();
+             }, 10);
+           } else {
+             var rawValue = utilGetSetValue(_input); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
+             if (!rawValue && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+             val = context.cleanTagValue(tagValue(rawValue));
+             t[field.key] = val || undefined;
+           }
 
-         function cancelPendingRedraw() {
-           scheduleRedraw.cancel(); // isRedrawScheduled = false;
-           // window.cancelIdleCallback(pendingRedrawCall);
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t);
          }
 
-         function map(selection) {
-           _selection = selection;
-           context.on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
-           var osm = context.connection();
+         function removeMultikey(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           var t = {};
 
-           if (osm) {
-             osm.on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
+           if (_isMulti) {
+             t[d.key] = undefined;
+           } else if (_isSemi) {
+             var arr = _multiData.map(function (md) {
+               return md.key === d.key ? null : md.key;
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+
+             arr = utilArrayUniq(arr);
+             t[field.key] = arr.length ? arr.join(';') : undefined;
            }
 
-           function didUndoOrRedo(targetTransform) {
-             var mode = context.mode().id;
-             if (mode !== 'browse' && mode !== 'select') return;
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+         }
 
-             if (targetTransform) {
-               map.transformEase(targetTransform);
+         function combo(selection) {
+           _container = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           var type = _isMulti || _isSemi ? 'multicombo' : 'combo';
+           _container = _container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + type).merge(_container);
+
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             _container = _container.selectAll('.chiplist').data([0]);
+             var listClass = 'chiplist'; // Use a separate line for each value in the Destinations and Via fields
+             // to mimic highway exit signs
+
+             if (field.key === 'destination' || field.key === 'via') {
+               listClass += ' full-line-chips';
              }
+
+             _container = _container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', listClass).on('click', function () {
+               window.setTimeout(function () {
+                 _input.node().focus();
+               }, 10);
+             }).merge(_container);
+             _inputWrap = _container.selectAll('.input-wrap').data([0]);
+             _inputWrap = _inputWrap.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'input-wrap').merge(_inputWrap);
+             _input = _inputWrap.selectAll('input').data([0]);
+           } else {
+             _input = _container.selectAll('input').data([0]);
            }
 
-           context.history().on('merge.map', function () {
-             scheduleRedraw();
-           }).on('change.map', immediateRedraw).on('undone.map', function (stack, fromStack) {
-             didUndoOrRedo(fromStack.transform);
-           }).on('redone.map', function (stack) {
-             didUndoOrRedo(stack.transform);
-           });
-           context.background().on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
-           context.features().on('redraw.map', immediateRedraw);
-           drawLayers.on('change.map', function () {
-             context.background().updateImagery();
-             immediateRedraw();
-           });
-           selection.on('wheel.map mousewheel.map', function (d3_event) {
-             // disable swipe-to-navigate browser pages on trackpad/magic mouse – #5552
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-           }).call(_zoomerPanner).call(_zoomerPanner.transform, projection.transform()).on('dblclick.zoom', null); // override d3-zoom dblclick handling
+           _input = _input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).call(initCombo, selection).merge(_input);
 
-           map.supersurface = supersurface = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'supersurface').call(utilSetTransform, 0, 0); // Need a wrapper div because Opera can't cope with an absolutely positioned
-           // SVG element: http://bl.ocks.org/jfirebaugh/6fbfbd922552bf776c16
+           if (_isNetwork) {
+             var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+             var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
+             _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
+           }
 
-           wrapper = supersurface.append('div').attr('class', 'layer layer-data');
-           map.surface = surface = wrapper.call(drawLayers).selectAll('.surface');
-           surface.call(drawLabels.observe).call(_doubleUpHandler).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.zoom', function (d3_event) {
-             _lastPointerEvent = d3_event;
+           _input.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
 
-             if (d3_event.button === 2) {
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             }
-           }, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.zoom', function (d3_event) {
-             _lastPointerEvent = d3_event;
+           _input.on('keydown.field', function (d3_event) {
+             switch (d3_event.keyCode) {
+               case 13:
+                 // ↩ Return
+                 _input.node().blur(); // blurring also enters the value
 
-             if (resetTransform()) {
-               immediateRedraw();
-             }
-           }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.map', function (d3_event) {
-             _lastPointerEvent = d3_event;
-           }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.vertices', function (d3_event) {
-             if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
-               var hover = d3_event.target.__data__;
-               surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
-               dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, {
-                 full: false
-               });
-             }
-           }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.vertices', function (d3_event) {
-             if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
-               var hover = d3_event.relatedTarget && d3_event.relatedTarget.__data__;
-               surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
-               dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, {
-                 full: false
-               });
+
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                 break;
              }
            });
-           var detected = utilDetect(); // only WebKit supports gesture events
 
-           if ('GestureEvent' in window && // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
-           // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
-           !detected.isMobileWebKit) {
-             // Desktop Safari sends gesture events for multitouch trackpad pinches.
-             // We can listen for these and translate them into map zooms.
-             surface.on('gesturestart.surface', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               _gestureTransformStart = projection.transform();
-             }).on('gesturechange.surface', gestureChange);
-           } // must call after surface init
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             _combobox.on('accept', function () {
+               _input.node().blur();
 
+               _input.node().focus();
+             });
 
-           updateAreaFill();
+             _input.on('focus', function () {
+               _container.classed('active', true);
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-           _doubleUpHandler.on('doubleUp.map', function (d3_event, p0) {
-             if (!_dblClickZoomEnabled) return; // don't zoom if targeting something other than the map itself
+         combo.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
 
-             if (_typeof(d3_event.target.__data__) === 'object' && // or area fills
-             !select(d3_event.target).classed('fill')) return;
-             var zoomOut = d3_event.shiftKey;
-             var t = projection.transform();
-             var p1 = t.invert(p0);
-             t = t.scale(zoomOut ? 0.5 : 2);
-             t.x = p0[0] - p1[0] * t.k;
-             t.y = p0[1] - p1[1] * t.k;
-             map.transformEase(t);
-           });
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             _multiData = [];
+             var maxLength;
 
-           context.on('enter.map', function () {
-             if (!map.editableDataEnabled(true
-             /* skip zoom check */
-             )) return; // redraw immediately any objects affected by a change in selectedIDs.
+             if (_isMulti) {
+               // Build _multiData array containing keys already set..
+               for (var k in tags) {
+                 if (field.key && k.indexOf(field.key) !== 0) continue;
+                 if (!field.key && field.keys.indexOf(k) === -1) continue;
+                 var v = tags[k];
+                 if (!v || typeof v === 'string' && v.toLowerCase() === 'no') continue;
+                 var suffix = field.key ? k.substr(field.key.length) : k;
 
-             var graph = context.graph();
-             var selectedAndParents = {};
-             context.selectedIDs().forEach(function (id) {
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+                 _multiData.push({
+                   key: k,
+                   value: displayValue(suffix),
+                   isMixed: Array.isArray(v)
+                 });
+               }
 
-               if (entity) {
-                 selectedAndParents[entity.id] = entity;
+               if (field.key) {
+                 // Set keys for form-field modified (needed for undo and reset buttons)..
+                 field.keys = _multiData.map(function (d) {
+                   return d.key;
+                 }); // limit the input length so it fits after prepending the key prefix
 
-                 if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                   graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (parent) {
-                     selectedAndParents[parent.id] = parent;
-                   });
-                 }
+                 maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagKey() - utilUnicodeCharsCount(field.key);
+               } else {
+                 maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagKey();
                }
-             });
-             var data = Object.values(selectedAndParents);
-
-             var filter = function filter(d) {
-               return d.id in selectedAndParents;
-             };
+             } else if (_isSemi) {
+               var allValues = [];
+               var commonValues;
 
-             data = context.features().filter(data, graph);
-             surface.call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent()).call(drawLines, graph, data, filter).call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter).call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent());
-             dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, {
-               full: false
-             }); // redraw everything else later
+               if (Array.isArray(tags[field.key])) {
+                 tags[field.key].forEach(function (tagVal) {
+                   var thisVals = utilArrayUniq((tagVal || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
+                   allValues = allValues.concat(thisVals);
 
-             scheduleRedraw();
-           });
-           map.dimensions(utilGetDimensions(selection));
-         }
+                   if (!commonValues) {
+                     commonValues = thisVals;
+                   } else {
+                     commonValues = commonValues.filter(function (value) {
+                       return thisVals.includes(value);
+                     });
+                   }
+                 });
+                 allValues = utilArrayUniq(allValues).filter(Boolean);
+               } else {
+                 allValues = utilArrayUniq((tags[field.key] || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
+                 commonValues = allValues;
+               }
 
-         function zoomEventFilter(d3_event) {
-           // Fix for #2151, (see also d3/d3-zoom#60, d3/d3-brush#18)
-           // Intercept `mousedown` and check if there is an orphaned zoom gesture.
-           // This can happen if a previous `mousedown` occurred without a `mouseup`.
-           // If we detect this, dispatch `mouseup` to complete the orphaned gesture,
-           // so that d3-zoom won't stop propagation of new `mousedown` events.
-           if (d3_event.type === 'mousedown') {
-             var hasOrphan = false;
-             var listeners = window.__on;
+               _multiData = allValues.map(function (v) {
+                 return {
+                   key: v,
+                   value: displayValue(v),
+                   isMixed: !commonValues.includes(v)
+                 };
+               });
+               var currLength = utilUnicodeCharsCount(commonValues.join(';')); // limit the input length to the remaining available characters
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < listeners.length; i++) {
-               var listener = listeners[i];
+               maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagValue() - currLength;
 
-               if (listener.name === 'zoom' && listener.type === 'mouseup') {
-                 hasOrphan = true;
-                 break;
+               if (currLength > 0) {
+                 // account for the separator if a new value will be appended to existing
+                 maxLength -= 1;
                }
-             }
-
-             if (hasOrphan) {
-               var event = window.CustomEvent;
-
-               if (event) {
-                 event = new event('mouseup');
-               } else {
-                 event = window.document.createEvent('Event');
-                 event.initEvent('mouseup', false, false);
-               } // Event needs to be dispatched with an event.view property.
+             } // a negative maxlength doesn't make sense
 
 
-               event.view = window;
-               window.dispatchEvent(event);
-             }
-           }
+             maxLength = Math.max(0, maxLength);
+             var allowDragAndDrop = _isSemi // only semiCombo values are ordered
+             && !Array.isArray(tags[field.key]); // Exclude existing multikeys from combo options..
 
-           return d3_event.button !== 2; // ignore right clicks
-         }
+             var available = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
 
-         function pxCenter() {
-           return [_dimensions[0] / 2, _dimensions[1] / 2];
-         }
+             _combobox.data(available); // Hide 'Add' button if this field uses fixed set of
+             // options and they're all currently used,
+             // or if the field is already at its character limit
 
-         function drawEditable(difference, extent) {
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           var graph = context.graph();
-           var features = context.features();
-           var all = context.history().intersects(map.extent());
-           var fullRedraw = false;
-           var data;
-           var set;
-           var filter;
-           var applyFeatureLayerFilters = true;
 
-           if (map.isInWideSelection()) {
-             data = [];
-             utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(mode.selectedIDs(), context.graph()).forEach(function (id) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(id);
-               if (entity) data.push(entity);
-             });
-             fullRedraw = true;
-             filter = utilFunctor(true); // selected features should always be visible, so we can skip filtering
+             var hideAdd = !_allowCustomValues && !available.length || maxLength <= 0;
 
-             applyFeatureLayerFilters = false;
-           } else if (difference) {
-             var complete = difference.complete(map.extent());
-             data = Object.values(complete).filter(Boolean);
-             set = new Set(Object.keys(complete));
+             _container.selectAll('.chiplist .input-wrap').style('display', hideAdd ? 'none' : null); // Render chips
 
-             filter = function filter(d) {
-               return set.has(d.id);
-             };
 
-             features.clear(data);
-           } else {
-             // force a full redraw if gatherStats detects that a feature
-             // should be auto-hidden (e.g. points or buildings)..
-             if (features.gatherStats(all, graph, _dimensions)) {
-               extent = undefined;
-             }
+             var chips = _container.selectAll('.chip').data(_multiData);
 
-             if (extent) {
-               data = context.history().intersects(map.extent().intersection(extent));
-               set = new Set(data.map(function (entity) {
-                 return entity.id;
-               }));
+             chips.exit().remove();
+             var enter = chips.enter().insert('li', '.input-wrap').attr('class', 'chip');
+             enter.append('span');
+             enter.append('a');
+             chips = chips.merge(enter).order().classed('raw-value', function (d) {
+               var k = d.key;
+               if (_isMulti) k = k.replace(field.key, '');
+               return !field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + k);
+             }).classed('draggable', allowDragAndDrop).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+               return d.isMixed;
+             }).attr('title', function (d) {
+               return d.isMixed ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
+             });
 
-               filter = function filter(d) {
-                 return set.has(d.id);
-               };
-             } else {
-               data = all;
-               fullRedraw = true;
-               filter = utilFunctor(true);
+             if (allowDragAndDrop) {
+               registerDragAndDrop(chips);
              }
-           }
 
-           if (applyFeatureLayerFilters) {
-             data = features.filter(data, graph);
+             chips.select('span').html(function (d) {
+               return d.value;
+             });
+             chips.select('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', removeMultikey).attr('class', 'remove').html('×');
            } else {
-             context.features().resetStats();
-           }
-
-           if (mode && mode.id === 'select') {
-             // update selected vertices - the user might have just double-clicked a way,
-             // creating a new vertex, triggering a partial redraw without a mode change
-             surface.call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent());
+             var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+             var mixedValues = isMixed && tags[field.key].map(function (val) {
+               return displayValue(val);
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+             var showsValue = !isMixed && tags[field.key] && !(field.type === 'typeCombo' && tags[field.key] === 'yes');
+             var isRawValue = showsValue && !field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + tags[field.key]);
+             var isKnownValue = showsValue && !isRawValue;
+             var isReadOnly = !_allowCustomValues || isKnownValue;
+             utilGetSetValue(_input, !isMixed ? displayValue(tags[field.key]) : '').classed('raw-value', isRawValue).classed('known-value', isKnownValue).attr('readonly', isReadOnly ? 'readonly' : undefined).attr('title', isMixed ? mixedValues.join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _staticPlaceholder || '').classed('mixed', isMixed).on('keydown.deleteCapture', function (d3_event) {
+               if (isReadOnly && isKnownValue && (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌫'] || d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌦'])) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                 var t = {};
+                 t[field.key] = undefined;
+                 dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+               }
+             });
            }
+         };
 
-           surface.call(drawVertices, graph, data, filter, map.extent(), fullRedraw).call(drawLines, graph, data, filter).call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter).call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent()).call(drawLabels, graph, data, filter, _dimensions, fullRedraw).call(drawPoints, graph, data, filter);
-           dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, {
-             full: true
-           });
-         }
+         function registerDragAndDrop(selection) {
+           // allow drag and drop re-ordering of chips
+           var dragOrigin, targetIndex;
+           selection.call(d3_drag().on('start', function (d3_event) {
+             dragOrigin = {
+               x: d3_event.x,
+               y: d3_event.y
+             };
+             targetIndex = null;
+           }).on('drag', function (d3_event) {
+             var x = d3_event.x - dragOrigin.x,
+                 y = d3_event.y - dragOrigin.y;
+             if (!select(this).classed('dragging') && // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
+             Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) return;
+             var index = selection.nodes().indexOf(this);
+             select(this).classed('dragging', true);
+             targetIndex = null;
+             var targetIndexOffsetTop = null;
+             var draggedTagWidth = select(this).node().offsetWidth;
 
-         map.init = function () {
-           drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context);
-           drawPoints = svgPoints(projection, context);
-           drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
-           drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
-           drawAreas = svgAreas(projection, context);
-           drawMidpoints = svgMidpoints(projection, context);
-           drawLabels = svgLabels(projection, context);
-         };
+             if (field.key === 'destination' || field.key === 'via') {
+               // meaning tags are full width
+               _container.selectAll('.chip').style('transform', function (d2, index2) {
+                 var node = select(this).node();
 
-         function editOff() {
-           context.features().resetStats();
-           surface.selectAll('.layer-osm *').remove();
-           surface.selectAll('.layer-touch:not(.markers) *').remove();
-           var allowed = {
-             'browse': true,
-             'save': true,
-             'select-note': true,
-             'select-data': true,
-             'select-error': true
-           };
-           var mode = context.mode();
+                 if (index === index2) {
+                   return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)'; // move the dragged tag up the order
+                 } else if (index2 > index && d3_event.y > node.offsetTop) {
+                   if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
+                     targetIndex = index2;
+                   }
 
-           if (mode && !allowed[mode.id]) {
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }
+                   return 'translateY(-100%)'; // move the dragged tag down the order
+                 } else if (index2 < index && d3_event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
+                   if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
+                     targetIndex = index2;
+                   }
 
-           dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, {
-             full: true
-           });
-         }
+                   return 'translateY(100%)';
+                 }
 
-         function gestureChange(d3_event) {
-           // Remap Safari gesture events to wheel events - #5492
-           // We want these disabled most places, but enabled for zoom/unzoom on map surface
-           // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/GestureEvent
-           var e = d3_event;
-           e.preventDefault();
-           var props = {
-             deltaMode: 0,
-             // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
-             deltaY: 1,
-             // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
-             clientX: e.clientX,
-             clientY: e.clientY,
-             screenX: e.screenX,
-             screenY: e.screenY,
-             x: e.x,
-             y: e.y
-           };
-           var e2 = new WheelEvent('wheel', props);
-           e2._scale = e.scale; // preserve the original scale
+                 return null;
+               });
+             } else {
+               _container.selectAll('.chip').each(function (d2, index2) {
+                 var node = select(this).node(); // check the cursor is in the bounding box
 
-           e2._rotation = e.rotation; // preserve the original rotation
+                 if (index !== index2 && d3_event.x < node.offsetLeft + node.offsetWidth + 5 && d3_event.x > node.offsetLeft && d3_event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight && d3_event.y > node.offsetTop) {
+                   targetIndex = index2;
+                   targetIndexOffsetTop = node.offsetTop;
+                 }
+               }).style('transform', function (d2, index2) {
+                 var node = select(this).node();
 
-           _selection.node().dispatchEvent(e2);
-         }
+                 if (index === index2) {
+                   return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
+                 } // only translate tags in the same row
 
-         function zoomPan(event, key, transform) {
-           var source = event && event.sourceEvent || event;
-           var eventTransform = transform || event && event.transform;
-           var x = eventTransform.x;
-           var y = eventTransform.y;
-           var k = eventTransform.k; // Special handling of 'wheel' events:
-           // They might be triggered by the user scrolling the mouse wheel,
-           // or 2-finger pinch/zoom gestures, the transform may need adjustment.
 
-           if (source && source.type === 'wheel') {
-             // assume that the gesture is already handled by pointer events
-             if (_pointerDown) return;
-             var detected = utilDetect();
-             var dX = source.deltaX;
-             var dY = source.deltaY;
-             var x2 = x;
-             var y2 = y;
-             var k2 = k;
-             var t0, p0, p1; // Normalize mousewheel scroll speed (Firefox) - #3029
-             // If wheel delta is provided in LINE units, recalculate it in PIXEL units
-             // We are essentially redoing the calculations that occur here:
-             //   https://github.com/d3/d3-zoom/blob/78563a8348aa4133b07cac92e2595c2227ca7cd7/src/zoom.js#L203
-             // See this for more info:
-             //   https://github.com/basilfx/normalize-wheel/blob/master/src/normalizeWheel.js
+                 if (node.offsetTop === targetIndexOffsetTop) {
+                   if (index2 < index && index2 >= targetIndex) {
+                     return 'translateX(' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
+                   } else if (index2 > index && index2 <= targetIndex) {
+                     return 'translateX(-' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
+                   }
+                 }
 
-             if (source.deltaMode === 1
-             /* LINE */
-             ) {
-                 // Convert from lines to pixels, more if the user is scrolling fast.
-                 // (I made up the exp function to roughly match Firefox to what Chrome does)
-                 // These numbers should be floats, because integers are treated as pan gesture below.
-                 var lines = Math.abs(source.deltaY);
-                 var sign = source.deltaY > 0 ? 1 : -1;
-                 dY = sign * clamp(Math.exp((lines - 1) * 0.75) * 4.000244140625, 4.000244140625, // min
-                 350.000244140625 // max
-                 ); // On Firefox Windows and Linux we always get +/- the scroll line amount (default 3)
-                 // There doesn't seem to be any scroll acceleration.
-                 // This multiplier increases the speed a little bit - #5512
+                 return null;
+               });
+             }
+           }).on('end', function () {
+             if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) {
+               return;
+             }
 
-                 if (detected.os !== 'mac') {
-                   dY *= 5;
-                 } // recalculate x2,y2,k2
+             var index = selection.nodes().indexOf(this);
+             select(this).classed('dragging', false);
 
+             _container.selectAll('.chip').style('transform', null);
 
-                 t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
-                 p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
-                 p1 = t0.invert(p0);
-                 k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
-                 k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-                 x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
-                 y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // 2 finger map pinch zooming (Safari) - #5492
-                 // These are fake `wheel` events we made from Safari `gesturechange` events..
-               } else if (source._scale) {
-               // recalculate x2,y2,k2
-               t0 = _gestureTransformStart;
-               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
-               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
-               k2 = t0.k * source._scale;
-               k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
-               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // 2 finger map pinch zooming (all browsers except Safari) - #5492
-               // Pinch zooming via the `wheel` event will always have:
-               // - `ctrlKey = true`
-               // - `deltaY` is not round integer pixels (ignore `deltaX`)
-             } else if (source.ctrlKey && !isInteger(dY)) {
-               dY *= 6; // slightly scale up whatever the browser gave us
-               // recalculate x2,y2,k2
+             if (typeof targetIndex === 'number') {
+               var element = _multiData[index];
 
-               t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
-               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
-               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
-               k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
-               k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
-               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // Trackpad scroll zooming with shift or alt/option key down
-             } else if ((source.altKey || source.shiftKey) && isInteger(dY)) {
-               // recalculate x2,y2,k2
-               t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
-               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
-               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
-               k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
-               k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
-               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // 2 finger map panning (Mac only, all browsers) - #5492, #5512
-               // Panning via the `wheel` event will always have:
-               // - `ctrlKey = false`
-               // - `deltaX`,`deltaY` are round integer pixels
-             } else if (detected.os === 'mac' && !source.ctrlKey && isInteger(dX) && isInteger(dY)) {
-               p1 = projection.translate();
-               x2 = p1[0] - dX;
-               y2 = p1[1] - dY;
-               k2 = projection.scale();
-               k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-             } // something changed - replace the event transform
+               _multiData.splice(index, 1);
 
+               _multiData.splice(targetIndex, 0, element);
 
-             if (x2 !== x || y2 !== y || k2 !== k) {
-               x = x2;
-               y = y2;
-               k = k2;
-               eventTransform = identity$2.translate(x2, y2).scale(k2);
+               var t = {};
 
-               if (_zoomerPanner._transform) {
-                 // utilZoomPan interface
-                 _zoomerPanner._transform(eventTransform);
+               if (_multiData.length) {
+                 t[field.key] = _multiData.map(function (element) {
+                   return element.key;
+                 }).join(';');
                } else {
-                 // d3_zoom interface
-                 _selection.node().__zoom = eventTransform;
+                 t[field.key] = undefined;
                }
-             }
-           }
 
-           if (_transformStart.x === x && _transformStart.y === y && _transformStart.k === k) {
-             return; // no change
-           }
+               dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+             }
 
-           var withinEditableZoom = map.withinEditableZoom();
+             dragOrigin = undefined;
+             targetIndex = undefined;
+           }));
+         }
 
-           if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== withinEditableZoom) {
-             if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== undefined) {
-               // notify that the map zoomed in or out over the editable zoom threshold
-               dispatch$1.call('crossEditableZoom', this, withinEditableZoom);
-             }
+         combo.focus = function () {
+           _input.node().focus();
+         };
 
-             _lastWithinEditableZoom = withinEditableZoom;
-           }
+         combo.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return combo;
+         };
 
-           if (geoScaleToZoom(k, TILESIZE) < _minzoom) {
-             surface.interrupt();
-             dispatch$1.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
-             setCenterZoom(map.center(), context.minEditableZoom(), 0, true);
-             scheduleRedraw();
-             dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
-             return;
-           }
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-           projection.transform(eventTransform);
-           var scale = k / _transformStart.k;
-           var tX = (x / scale - _transformStart.x) * scale;
-           var tY = (y / scale - _transformStart.y) * scale;
+         return utilRebind(combo, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           if (context.inIntro()) {
-             curtainProjection.transform({
-               x: x - tX,
-               y: y - tY,
-               k: k
-             });
-           }
+       function uiFieldText(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var input = select(null);
+         var outlinkButton = select(null);
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           if (source) {
-             _lastPointerEvent = event;
-           }
+         var _tags;
 
-           _isTransformed = true;
-           _transformLast = eventTransform;
-           utilSetTransform(supersurface, tX, tY, scale);
-           scheduleRedraw();
-           dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
+         var _phoneFormats = {};
 
-           function isInteger(val) {
-             return typeof val === 'number' && isFinite(val) && Math.floor(val) === val;
-           }
+         if (field.type === 'tel') {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('phone_formats').then(function (d) {
+             _phoneFormats = d;
+             updatePhonePlaceholder();
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           });
          }
 
-         function resetTransform() {
-           if (!_isTransformed) return false;
-           utilSetTransform(supersurface, 0, 0);
-           _isTransformed = false;
+         function calcLocked() {
+           // Protect certain fields that have a companion `*:wikidata` value
+           var isLocked = (field.id === 'brand' || field.id === 'network' || field.id === 'operator' || field.id === 'flag') && _entityIDs.length && _entityIDs.some(function (entityID) {
+             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(entityID);
+             if (!entity) return false; // Features linked to Wikidata are likely important and should be protected
 
-           if (context.inIntro()) {
-             curtainProjection.transform(projection.transform());
-           }
+             if (entity.tags.wikidata) return true;
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+             var isSuggestion = preset && preset.suggestion; // Lock the field if there is a value and a companion `*:wikidata` value
 
-           return true;
+             var which = field.id; // 'brand', 'network', 'operator', 'flag'
+
+             return isSuggestion && !!entity.tags[which] && !!entity.tags[which + ':wikidata'];
+           });
+
+           field.locked(isLocked);
          }
 
-         function redraw(difference, extent) {
-           if (surface.empty() || !_redrawEnabled) return; // If we are in the middle of a zoom/pan, we can't do differenced redraws.
-           // It would result in artifacts where differenced entities are redrawn with
-           // one transform and unchanged entities with another.
+         function i(selection) {
+           calcLocked();
+           var isLocked = field.locked();
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           input = wrap.selectAll('input').data([0]);
+           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('type', field.type === 'identifier' ? 'text' : field.type).attr('id', field.domId).classed(field.type, true).call(utilNoAuto).merge(input);
+           input.classed('disabled', !!isLocked).attr('readonly', isLocked || null).on('input', change(true)).on('blur', change()).on('change', change());
 
-           if (resetTransform()) {
-             difference = extent = undefined;
+           if (field.type === 'tel') {
+             updatePhonePlaceholder();
+           } else if (field.type === 'number') {
+             var rtl = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
+             input.attr('type', 'text');
+             var inc = field.increment;
+             var buttons = wrap.selectAll('.increment, .decrement').data(rtl ? [inc, -inc] : [-inc, inc]);
+             buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var which = d > 0 ? 'increment' : 'decrement';
+               return 'form-field-button ' + which;
+             }).merge(buttons).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               var raw_vals = input.node().value || '0';
+               var vals = raw_vals.split(';');
+               vals = vals.map(function (v) {
+                 var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
+                 return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num + d) : v.trim();
+               });
+               input.node().value = vals.join(';');
+               change()();
+             });
+           } else if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.urlFormat && field.pattern) {
+             input.attr('type', 'text');
+             outlinkButton = wrap.selectAll('.foreign-id-permalink').data([0]);
+             outlinkButton.enter().append('button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).attr('class', 'form-field-button foreign-id-permalink').attr('title', function () {
+               var domainResults = /^https?:\/\/(.{1,}?)\//.exec(field.urlFormat);
+
+               if (domainResults.length >= 2 && domainResults[1]) {
+                 var domain = domainResults[1];
+                 return _t('icons.view_on', {
+                   domain: domain
+                 });
+               }
+
+               return '';
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               var value = validIdentifierValueForLink();
+
+               if (value) {
+                 var url = field.urlFormat.replace(/{value}/, encodeURIComponent(value));
+                 window.open(url, '_blank');
+               }
+             }).merge(outlinkButton);
+           } else if (field.type === 'url') {
+             input.attr('type', 'text');
+             outlinkButton = wrap.selectAll('.foreign-id-permalink').data([0]);
+             outlinkButton.enter().append('button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).attr('class', 'form-field-button foreign-id-permalink').attr('title', function () {
+               return _t('icons.visit_website');
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               var value = validIdentifierValueForLink();
+               if (value) window.open(value, '_blank');
+             }).merge(outlinkButton);
            }
+         }
+
+         function updatePhonePlaceholder() {
+           if (input.empty() || !Object.keys(_phoneFormats).length) return;
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
+
+           var format = countryCode && _phoneFormats[countryCode.toLowerCase()];
 
-           var zoom = map.zoom();
-           var z = String(~~zoom);
+           if (format) input.attr('placeholder', format);
+         }
 
-           if (surface.attr('data-zoom') !== z) {
-             surface.attr('data-zoom', z);
-           } // class surface as `lowzoom` around z17-z18.5 (based on latitude)
+         function validIdentifierValueForLink() {
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim().split(';')[0];
+           if (field.type === 'url' && value) return value;
 
+           if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.pattern) {
+             return value && value.match(new RegExp(field.pattern));
+           }
 
-           var lat = map.center()[1];
-           var lowzoom = linear$2().domain([-60, 0, 60]).range([17, 18.5, 17]).clamp(true);
-           surface.classed('low-zoom', zoom <= lowzoom(lat));
+           return null;
+         } // clamp number to min/max
 
-           if (!difference) {
-             supersurface.call(context.background());
-             wrapper.call(drawLayers);
-           } // OSM
 
+         function clamped(num) {
+           if (field.minValue !== undefined) {
+             num = Math.max(num, field.minValue);
+           }
 
-           if (map.editableDataEnabled() || map.isInWideSelection()) {
-             context.loadTiles(projection);
-             drawEditable(difference, extent);
-           } else {
-             editOff();
+           if (field.maxValue !== undefined) {
+             num = Math.min(num, field.maxValue);
            }
 
-           _transformStart = projection.transform();
-           return map;
+           return num;
          }
 
-         var immediateRedraw = function immediateRedraw(difference, extent) {
-           if (!difference && !extent) cancelPendingRedraw();
-           redraw(difference, extent);
-         };
-
-         map.lastPointerEvent = function () {
-           return _lastPointerEvent;
-         };
+         function change(onInput) {
+           return function () {
+             var t = {};
+             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+             if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-         map.mouse = function (d3_event) {
-           var event = _lastPointerEvent || d3_event;
+             if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
 
-           if (event) {
-             var s;
+             if (!onInput) {
+               if (field.type === 'number' && val) {
+                 var vals = val.split(';');
+                 vals = vals.map(function (v) {
+                   var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
+                   return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num) : v.trim();
+                 });
+                 val = vals.join(';');
+               }
 
-             while (s = event.sourceEvent) {
-               event = s;
+               utilGetSetValue(input, val);
              }
 
-             return _getMouseCoords(event);
-           }
+             t[field.key] = val || undefined;
+             dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
+           };
+         }
 
-           return null;
-         }; // returns Lng/Lat
+         i.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return i;
+         };
 
+         i.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+           utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '').attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')).classed('mixed', isMixed);
 
-         map.mouseCoordinates = function () {
-           var coord = map.mouse() || pxCenter();
-           return projection.invert(coord);
+           if (outlinkButton && !outlinkButton.empty()) {
+             var disabled = !validIdentifierValueForLink();
+             outlinkButton.classed('disabled', disabled);
+           }
          };
 
-         map.dblclickZoomEnable = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _dblClickZoomEnabled;
-           _dblClickZoomEnabled = val;
-           return map;
+         i.focus = function () {
+           var node = input.node();
+           if (node) node.focus();
          };
 
-         map.redrawEnable = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _redrawEnabled;
-           _redrawEnabled = val;
-           return map;
-         };
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-         map.isTransformed = function () {
-           return _isTransformed;
-         };
+         return utilRebind(i, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-         function setTransform(t2, duration, force) {
-           var t = projection.transform();
-           if (!force && t2.k === t.k && t2.x === t.x && t2.y === t.y) return false;
+       function uiFieldAccess(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var items = select(null);
 
-           if (duration) {
-             _selection.transition().duration(duration).on('start', function () {
-               map.startEase();
-             }).call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t2.x, t2.y).scale(t2.k));
-           } else {
-             projection.transform(t2);
-             _transformStart = t2;
+         var _tags;
 
-             _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
-           }
+         function access(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var list = wrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(list);
+           items = list.selectAll('li').data(field.keys); // Enter
 
-           return true;
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'labeled-input preset-access-' + d;
+           });
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'label preset-label-access').attr('for', function (d) {
+             return 'preset-input-access-' + d;
+           }).html(function (d) {
+             return field.t.html('types.' + d);
+           });
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-input-access-wrap').append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'preset-input-access preset-input-access-' + d;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiCombobox(context, 'access-' + d).data(access.options(d)));
+           }); // Update
+
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-access').on('change', change).on('blur', change);
          }
 
-         function setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, force) {
-           var c = map.center();
-           var z = map.zoom();
-           if (loc2[0] === c[0] && loc2[1] === c[1] && z2 === z && !force) return false;
-           var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform()); // copy projection
+         function change(d3_event, d) {
+           var tag = {};
+           var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-           var k2 = clamp(geoZoomToScale(z2, TILESIZE), kMin, kMax);
-           proj.scale(k2);
-           var t = proj.translate();
-           var point = proj(loc2);
-           var center = pxCenter();
-           t[0] += center[0] - point[0];
-           t[1] += center[1] - point[1];
-           return setTransform(identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k2), duration, force);
+           if (!value && typeof _tags[d] !== 'string') return;
+           tag[d] = value || undefined;
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tag);
          }
 
-         map.pan = function (delta, duration) {
-           var t = projection.translate();
-           var k = projection.scale();
-           t[0] += delta[0];
-           t[1] += delta[1];
-
-           if (duration) {
-             _selection.transition().duration(duration).on('start', function () {
-               map.startEase();
-             }).call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k));
-           } else {
-             projection.translate(t);
-             _transformStart = projection.transform();
+         access.options = function (type) {
+           var options = ['no', 'permissive', 'private', 'permit', 'destination'];
 
-             _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
+           if (type !== 'access') {
+             options.unshift('yes');
+             options.push('designated');
 
-             dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
-             immediateRedraw();
+             if (type === 'bicycle') {
+               options.push('dismount');
+             }
            }
 
-           return map;
+           return options.map(function (option) {
+             return {
+               title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
+               value: option
+             };
+           });
          };
 
-         map.dimensions = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _dimensions;
-           _dimensions = val;
-           drawLayers.dimensions(_dimensions);
-           context.background().dimensions(_dimensions);
-           projection.clipExtent([[0, 0], _dimensions]);
-           _getMouseCoords = utilFastMouse(supersurface.node());
-           scheduleRedraw();
-           return map;
+         var placeholdersByHighway = {
+           footway: {
+             foot: 'designated',
+             motor_vehicle: 'no'
+           },
+           steps: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'no',
+             bicycle: 'no',
+             horse: 'no'
+           },
+           pedestrian: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'no'
+           },
+           cycleway: {
+             motor_vehicle: 'no',
+             bicycle: 'designated'
+           },
+           bridleway: {
+             motor_vehicle: 'no',
+             horse: 'designated'
+           },
+           path: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'no',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           motorway: {
+             foot: 'no',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'no',
+             horse: 'no'
+           },
+           trunk: {
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes'
+           },
+           primary: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           secondary: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           tertiary: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           residential: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           unclassified: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           service: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           motorway_link: {
+             foot: 'no',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'no',
+             horse: 'no'
+           },
+           trunk_link: {
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes'
+           },
+           primary_link: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           secondary_link: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           tertiary_link: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           }
          };
 
-         function zoomIn(delta) {
-           setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() + delta, 250, true);
-         }
-
-         function zoomOut(delta) {
-           setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() - delta, 250, true);
-         }
+         access.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-access'), function (d) {
+             return typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]);
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]) && tags[d].filter(Boolean).join('\n');
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             if (tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
+               return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+             }
 
-         map.zoomIn = function () {
-           zoomIn(1);
-         };
+             if (d === 'access') {
+               return 'yes';
+             }
 
-         map.zoomInFurther = function () {
-           zoomIn(4);
-         };
+             if (tags.access && typeof tags.access === 'string') {
+               return tags.access;
+             }
 
-         map.canZoomIn = function () {
-           return map.zoom() < maxZoom;
-         };
+             if (tags.highway) {
+               if (typeof tags.highway === 'string') {
+                 if (placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway] && placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d]) {
+                   return placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d];
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 var impliedAccesses = tags.highway.filter(Boolean).map(function (highwayVal) {
+                   return placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal] && placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal][d];
+                 }).filter(Boolean);
 
-         map.zoomOut = function () {
-           zoomOut(1);
-         };
+                 if (impliedAccesses.length === tags.highway.length && new Set(impliedAccesses).size === 1) {
+                   // if all the highway values have the same implied access for this type then use that
+                   return impliedAccesses[0];
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-         map.zoomOutFurther = function () {
-           zoomOut(4);
+             return field.placeholder();
+           });
          };
 
-         map.canZoomOut = function () {
-           return map.zoom() > minZoom;
+         access.focus = function () {
+           items.selectAll('.preset-input-access').node().focus();
          };
 
-         map.center = function (loc2) {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return projection.invert(pxCenter());
-           }
-
-           if (setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom())) {
-             dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
-           }
+         return utilRebind(access, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           scheduleRedraw();
-           return map;
-         };
+       function uiFieldAddress(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
 
-         map.unobscuredCenterZoomEase = function (loc, zoom) {
-           var offset = map.unobscuredOffsetPx();
-           var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform()); // copy projection
-           // use the target zoom to calculate the offset center
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-           proj.scale(geoZoomToScale(zoom, TILESIZE));
-           var locPx = proj(loc);
-           var offsetLocPx = [locPx[0] + offset[0], locPx[1] + offset[1]];
-           var offsetLoc = proj.invert(offsetLocPx);
-           map.centerZoomEase(offsetLoc, zoom);
-         };
+         var _wrap = select(null);
 
-         map.unobscuredOffsetPx = function () {
-           var openPane = context.container().select('.map-panes .map-pane.shown');
+         var addrField = _mainPresetIndex.field('address'); // needed for placeholder strings
 
-           if (!openPane.empty()) {
-             return [openPane.node().offsetWidth / 2, 0];
-           }
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           return [0, 0];
-         };
+         var _tags;
 
-         map.zoom = function (z2) {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return Math.max(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale(), TILESIZE), 0);
-           }
+         var _countryCode;
 
-           if (z2 < _minzoom) {
-             surface.interrupt();
-             dispatch$1.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
-             z2 = context.minEditableZoom();
-           }
+         var _addressFormats = [{
+           format: [['housenumber', 'street'], ['city', 'postcode']]
+         }];
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('address_formats').then(function (d) {
+           _addressFormats = d;
 
-           if (setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2)) {
-             dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
+           if (!_selection.empty()) {
+             _selection.call(address);
            }
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
 
-           scheduleRedraw();
-           return map;
-         };
+         function getNearStreets() {
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var l = extent.center();
+           var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
+           var streets = context.history().intersects(box).filter(isAddressable).map(function (d) {
+             var loc = context.projection([(extent[0][0] + extent[1][0]) / 2, (extent[0][1] + extent[1][1]) / 2]);
+             var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(d), loc, context.projection);
+             return {
+               title: d.tags.name,
+               value: d.tags.name,
+               dist: choice.distance
+             };
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           });
+           return utilArrayUniqBy(streets, 'value');
 
-         map.centerZoom = function (loc2, z2) {
-           if (setCenterZoom(loc2, z2)) {
-             dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
+           function isAddressable(d) {
+             return d.tags.highway && d.tags.name && d.type === 'way';
            }
+         }
 
-           scheduleRedraw();
-           return map;
-         };
-
-         map.zoomTo = function (entity) {
-           var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
-           if (!isFinite(extent.area())) return map;
-           var z2 = clamp(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
-           return map.centerZoom(extent.center(), z2);
-         };
+         function getNearCities() {
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var l = extent.center();
+           var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
+           var cities = context.history().intersects(box).filter(isAddressable).map(function (d) {
+             return {
+               title: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
+               value: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
+               dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
+             };
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           });
+           return utilArrayUniqBy(cities, 'value');
 
-         map.centerEase = function (loc2, duration) {
-           duration = duration || 250;
-           setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom(), duration);
-           return map;
-         };
+           function isAddressable(d) {
+             if (d.tags.name) {
+               if (d.tags.admin_level === '8' && d.tags.boundary === 'administrative') return true;
+               if (d.tags.border_type === 'city') return true;
+               if (d.tags.place === 'city' || d.tags.place === 'town' || d.tags.place === 'village') return true;
+             }
 
-         map.zoomEase = function (z2, duration) {
-           duration = duration || 250;
-           setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2, duration, false);
-           return map;
-         };
+             if (d.tags['addr:city']) return true;
+             return false;
+           }
+         }
 
-         map.centerZoomEase = function (loc2, z2, duration) {
-           duration = duration || 250;
-           setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, false);
-           return map;
-         };
+         function getNearValues(key) {
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var l = extent.center();
+           var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
+           var results = context.history().intersects(box).filter(function hasTag(d) {
+             return _entityIDs.indexOf(d.id) === -1 && d.tags[key];
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return {
+               title: d.tags[key],
+               value: d.tags[key],
+               dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
+             };
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           });
+           return utilArrayUniqBy(results, 'value');
+         }
 
-         map.transformEase = function (t2, duration) {
-           duration = duration || 250;
-           setTransform(t2, duration, false
-           /* don't force */
-           );
-           return map;
-         };
+         function updateForCountryCode() {
+           if (!_countryCode) return;
+           var addressFormat;
 
-         map.zoomToEase = function (obj, duration) {
-           var extent;
+           for (var i = 0; i < _addressFormats.length; i++) {
+             var format = _addressFormats[i];
 
-           if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
-             obj.forEach(function (entity) {
-               var entityExtent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+             if (!format.countryCodes) {
+               addressFormat = format; // choose the default format, keep going
+             } else if (format.countryCodes.indexOf(_countryCode) !== -1) {
+               addressFormat = format; // choose the country format, stop here
 
-               if (!extent) {
-                 extent = entityExtent;
-               } else {
-                 extent = extent.extend(entityExtent);
-               }
-             });
-           } else {
-             extent = obj.extent(context.graph());
+               break;
+             }
            }
 
-           if (!isFinite(extent.area())) return map;
-           var z2 = clamp(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
-           return map.centerZoomEase(extent.center(), z2, duration);
-         };
+           var dropdowns = addressFormat.dropdowns || ['city', 'county', 'country', 'district', 'hamlet', 'neighbourhood', 'place', 'postcode', 'province', 'quarter', 'state', 'street', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'];
+           var widths = addressFormat.widths || {
+             housenumber: 1 / 3,
+             street: 2 / 3,
+             city: 2 / 3,
+             state: 1 / 4,
+             postcode: 1 / 3
+           };
 
-         map.startEase = function () {
-           utilBindOnce(surface, _pointerPrefix + 'down.ease', function () {
-             map.cancelEase();
+           function row(r) {
+             // Normalize widths.
+             var total = r.reduce(function (sum, key) {
+               return sum + (widths[key] || 0.5);
+             }, 0);
+             return r.map(function (key) {
+               return {
+                 id: key,
+                 width: (widths[key] || 0.5) / total
+               };
+             });
+           }
+
+           var rows = _wrap.selectAll('.addr-row').data(addressFormat.format, function (d) {
+             return d.toString();
            });
-           return map;
-         };
 
-         map.cancelEase = function () {
-           _selection.interrupt();
+           rows.exit().remove();
+           rows.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'addr-row').selectAll('input').data(row).enter().append('input').property('type', 'text').call(updatePlaceholder).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'addr-' + d.id;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).each(addDropdown).style('width', function (d) {
+             return d.width * 100 + '%';
+           });
 
-           return map;
-         };
+           function addDropdown(d) {
+             if (dropdowns.indexOf(d.id) === -1) return; // not a dropdown
 
-         map.extent = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return new geoExtent(projection.invert([0, _dimensions[1]]), projection.invert([_dimensions[0], 0]));
-           } else {
-             var extent = geoExtent(val);
-             map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.extentZoom(extent));
+             var nearValues = d.id === 'street' ? getNearStreets : d.id === 'city' ? getNearCities : getNearValues;
+             select(this).call(uiCombobox(context, 'address-' + d.id).minItems(1).caseSensitive(true).fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+               callback(nearValues('addr:' + d.id));
+             }));
            }
-         };
 
-         map.trimmedExtent = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             var headerY = 71;
-             var footerY = 30;
-             var pad = 10;
-             return new geoExtent(projection.invert([pad, _dimensions[1] - footerY - pad]), projection.invert([_dimensions[0] - pad, headerY + pad]));
-           } else {
-             var extent = geoExtent(val);
-             map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
-           }
-         };
+           _wrap.selectAll('input').on('blur', change()).on('change', change());
 
-         function calcExtentZoom(extent, dim) {
-           var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
-           var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]); // Calculate maximum zoom that fits extent
+           _wrap.selectAll('input:not(.combobox-input)').on('input', change(true));
 
-           var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / dim[0];
-           var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / dim[1];
-           var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
-           var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
-           var newZoom = map.zoom() - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);
-           return newZoom;
+           if (_tags) updateTags(_tags);
          }
 
-         map.extentZoom = function (val) {
-           return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), _dimensions);
-         };
-
-         map.trimmedExtentZoom = function (val) {
-           var trimY = 120;
-           var trimX = 40;
-           var trimmed = [_dimensions[0] - trimX, _dimensions[1] - trimY];
-           return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), trimmed);
-         };
+         function address(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           _wrap = _wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(_wrap);
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
 
-         map.withinEditableZoom = function () {
-           return map.zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
-         };
+           if (extent) {
+             var countryCode;
 
-         map.isInWideSelection = function () {
-           return !map.withinEditableZoom() && context.selectedIDs().length;
-         };
+             if (context.inIntro()) {
+               // localize the address format for the walkthrough
+               countryCode = _t('intro.graph.countrycode');
+             } else {
+               var center = extent.center();
+               countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
+             }
 
-         map.editableDataEnabled = function (skipZoomCheck) {
-           var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
-           if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) return false;
-           return skipZoomCheck || map.withinEditableZoom();
-         };
+             if (countryCode) {
+               _countryCode = countryCode.toLowerCase();
+               updateForCountryCode();
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-         map.notesEditable = function () {
-           var layer = context.layers().layer('notes');
-           if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) return false;
-           return map.withinEditableZoom();
-         };
+         function change(onInput) {
+           return function () {
+             var tags = {};
 
-         map.minzoom = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _minzoom;
-           _minzoom = val;
-           return map;
-         };
+             _wrap.selectAll('input').each(function (subfield) {
+               var key = field.key + ':' + subfield.id;
+               var value = this.value;
+               if (!onInput) value = context.cleanTagValue(value); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-         map.toggleHighlightEdited = function () {
-           surface.classed('highlight-edited', !surface.classed('highlight-edited'));
-           map.pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+               if (Array.isArray(_tags[key]) && !value) return;
+               tags[key] = value || undefined;
+             });
 
-           dispatch$1.call('changeHighlighting', this);
-         };
+             dispatch.call('change', this, tags, onInput);
+           };
+         }
 
-         map.areaFillOptions = ['wireframe', 'partial', 'full'];
+         function updatePlaceholder(inputSelection) {
+           return inputSelection.attr('placeholder', function (subfield) {
+             if (_tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id])) {
+               return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+             }
 
-         map.activeAreaFill = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return corePreferences('area-fill') || 'partial';
-           corePreferences('area-fill', val);
+             if (_countryCode) {
+               var localkey = subfield.id + '!' + _countryCode;
+               var tkey = addrField.hasTextForStringId('placeholders.' + localkey) ? localkey : subfield.id;
+               return addrField.t('placeholders.' + tkey);
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           if (val !== 'wireframe') {
-             corePreferences('area-fill-toggle', val);
-           }
+         function updateTags(tags) {
+           utilGetSetValue(_wrap.selectAll('input'), function (subfield) {
+             var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
+             return typeof val === 'string' ? val : '';
+           }).attr('title', function (subfield) {
+             var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
+             return val && Array.isArray(val) && val.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
+           }).classed('mixed', function (subfield) {
+             return Array.isArray(tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id]);
+           }).call(updatePlaceholder);
+         }
 
-           updateAreaFill();
-           map.pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-           dispatch$1.call('changeAreaFill', this);
-           return map;
+         address.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return address;
          };
 
-         map.toggleWireframe = function () {
-           var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();
-
-           if (activeFill === 'wireframe') {
-             activeFill = corePreferences('area-fill-toggle') || 'partial';
-           } else {
-             activeFill = 'wireframe';
-           }
-
-           map.activeAreaFill(activeFill);
+         address.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           updateTags(tags);
          };
 
-         function updateAreaFill() {
-           var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();
-           map.areaFillOptions.forEach(function (opt) {
-             surface.classed('fill-' + opt, Boolean(opt === activeFill));
-           });
-         }
-
-         map.layers = function () {
-           return drawLayers;
-         };
+         address.focus = function () {
+           var node = _wrap.selectAll('input').node();
 
-         map.doubleUpHandler = function () {
-           return _doubleUpHandler;
+           if (node) node.focus();
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(map, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(address, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function rendererPhotos(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var _layerIDs = ['streetside', 'mapillary', 'mapillary-map-features', 'mapillary-signs', 'openstreetcam'];
-         var _allPhotoTypes = ['flat', 'panoramic'];
+       function uiFieldCycleway(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var items = select(null);
+         var wrap = select(null);
 
-         var _shownPhotoTypes = _allPhotoTypes.slice(); // shallow copy
+         var _tags;
 
+         function cycleway(selection) {
+           function stripcolon(s) {
+             return s.replace(':', '');
+           }
 
-         var _dateFilters = ['fromDate', 'toDate'];
+           wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var div = wrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
+           div = div.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(div);
+           var keys = ['cycleway:left', 'cycleway:right'];
+           items = div.selectAll('li').data(keys);
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'labeled-input preset-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d);
+           });
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'label preset-label-cycleway').attr('for', function (d) {
+             return 'preset-input-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d);
+           }).html(function (d) {
+             return field.t.html('types.' + d);
+           });
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-input-cycleway-wrap').append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'preset-input-cycleway preset-input-' + stripcolon(d);
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiCombobox(context, 'cycleway-' + stripcolon(d)).data(cycleway.options(d)));
+           });
+           items = items.merge(enter); // Update
 
-         var _fromDate;
+           wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway').on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+         }
 
-         var _toDate;
+         function change(d3_event, key) {
+           var newValue = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-         var _usernames;
+           if (!newValue && (Array.isArray(_tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(_tags[key]))) return;
 
-         function photos() {}
+           if (newValue === 'none' || newValue === '') {
+             newValue = undefined;
+           }
 
-         function updateStorage() {
-           if (window.mocha) return;
-           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-           var enabled = context.layers().all().filter(function (d) {
-             return _layerIDs.indexOf(d.id) !== -1 && d.layer && d.layer.supported() && d.layer.enabled();
-           }).map(function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           });
+           var otherKey = key === 'cycleway:left' ? 'cycleway:right' : 'cycleway:left';
+           var otherValue = typeof _tags.cycleway === 'string' ? _tags.cycleway : _tags[otherKey];
 
-           if (enabled.length) {
-             hash.photo_overlay = enabled.join(',');
-           } else {
-             delete hash.photo_overlay;
+           if (otherValue && Array.isArray(otherValue)) {
+             // we must always have an explicit value for comparison
+             otherValue = otherValue[0];
            }
 
-           window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
-         }
+           if (otherValue === 'none' || otherValue === '') {
+             otherValue = undefined;
+           }
 
-         photos.overlayLayerIDs = function () {
-           return _layerIDs;
-         };
+           var tag = {}; // If the left and right tags match, use the cycleway tag to tag both
+           // sides the same way
 
-         photos.allPhotoTypes = function () {
-           return _allPhotoTypes;
-         };
+           if (newValue === otherValue) {
+             tag = {
+               cycleway: newValue,
+               'cycleway:left': undefined,
+               'cycleway:right': undefined
+             };
+           } else {
+             // Always set both left and right as changing one can affect the other
+             tag = {
+               cycleway: undefined
+             };
+             tag[key] = newValue;
+             tag[otherKey] = otherValue;
+           }
 
-         photos.dateFilters = function () {
-           return _dateFilters;
-         };
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tag);
+         }
 
-         photos.dateFilterValue = function (val) {
-           return val === _dateFilters[0] ? _fromDate : _toDate;
+         cycleway.options = function () {
+           return field.options.map(function (option) {
+             return {
+               title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
+               value: option
+             };
+           });
          };
 
-         photos.setDateFilter = function (type, val, updateUrl) {
-           // validate the date
-           var date = val && new Date(val);
-
-           if (date && !isNaN(date)) {
-             val = date.toISOString().substr(0, 10);
-           } else {
-             val = null;
-           }
+         cycleway.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags; // If cycleway is set, use that instead of individual values
 
-           if (type === _dateFilters[0]) {
-             _fromDate = val;
+           var commonValue = typeof tags.cycleway === 'string' && tags.cycleway;
+           utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway'), function (d) {
+             if (commonValue) return commonValue;
+             return !tags.cycleway && typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
+               var vals = [];
 
-             if (_fromDate && _toDate && new Date(_toDate) < new Date(_fromDate)) {
-               _toDate = _fromDate;
-             }
-           }
+               if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway)) {
+                 vals = vals.concat(tags.cycleway);
+               }
 
-           if (type === _dateFilters[1]) {
-             _toDate = val;
+               if (Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
+                 vals = vals.concat(tags[d]);
+               }
 
-             if (_fromDate && _toDate && new Date(_toDate) < new Date(_fromDate)) {
-               _fromDate = _toDate;
+               return vals.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
              }
-           }
-
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this);
-
-           if (updateUrl) {
-             var rangeString;
 
-             if (_fromDate || _toDate) {
-               rangeString = (_fromDate || '') + '_' + (_toDate || '');
+             return null;
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
+               return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
              }
 
-             setUrlFilterValue('photo_dates', rangeString);
-           }
+             return field.placeholder();
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d]);
+           });
          };
 
-         photos.setUsernameFilter = function (val, updateUrl) {
-           if (val && typeof val === 'string') val = val.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+         cycleway.focus = function () {
+           var node = wrap.selectAll('input').node();
+           if (node) node.focus();
+         };
 
-           if (val) {
-             val = val.map(function (d) {
-               return d.trim();
-             }).filter(Boolean);
+         return utilRebind(cycleway, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-             if (!val.length) {
-               val = null;
-             }
-           }
+       function uiFieldLanes(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var LANE_WIDTH = 40;
+         var LANE_HEIGHT = 200;
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           _usernames = val;
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this);
+         function lanes(selection) {
+           var lanesData = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]).lanes();
 
-           if (updateUrl) {
-             var hashString;
+           if (!context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() || !selection.node().parentNode) {
+             selection.call(lanes.off);
+             return;
+           }
 
-             if (_usernames) {
-               hashString = _usernames.join(',');
-             }
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var surface = wrap.selectAll('.surface').data([0]);
+           var d = utilGetDimensions(wrap);
+           var freeSpace = d[0] - lanesData.lanes.length * LANE_WIDTH * 1.5 + LANE_WIDTH * 0.5;
+           surface = surface.enter().append('svg').attr('width', d[0]).attr('height', 300).attr('class', 'surface').merge(surface);
+           var lanesSelection = surface.selectAll('.lanes').data([0]);
+           lanesSelection = lanesSelection.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'lanes').merge(lanesSelection);
+           lanesSelection.attr('transform', function () {
+             return 'translate(' + freeSpace / 2 + ', 0)';
+           });
+           var lane = lanesSelection.selectAll('.lane').data(lanesData.lanes);
+           lane.exit().remove();
+           var enter = lane.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'lane');
+           enter.append('g').append('rect').attr('y', 50).attr('width', LANE_WIDTH).attr('height', LANE_HEIGHT);
+           enter.append('g').attr('class', 'forward').append('text').attr('y', 40).attr('x', 14).html('▲');
+           enter.append('g').attr('class', 'bothways').append('text').attr('y', 40).attr('x', 14).html('▲▼');
+           enter.append('g').attr('class', 'backward').append('text').attr('y', 40).attr('x', 14).html('▼');
+           lane = lane.merge(enter);
+           lane.attr('transform', function (d) {
+             return 'translate(' + LANE_WIDTH * d.index * 1.5 + ', 0)';
+           });
+           lane.select('.forward').style('visibility', function (d) {
+             return d.direction === 'forward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
+           });
+           lane.select('.bothways').style('visibility', function (d) {
+             return d.direction === 'bothways' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
+           });
+           lane.select('.backward').style('visibility', function (d) {
+             return d.direction === 'backward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
+           });
+         }
 
-             setUrlFilterValue('photo_username', hashString);
-           }
+         lanes.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           _entityIDs = val;
          };
 
-         function setUrlFilterValue(property, val) {
-           if (!window.mocha) {
-             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+         lanes.tags = function () {};
 
-             if (val) {
-               if (hash[property] === val) return;
-               hash[property] = val;
-             } else {
-               if (!(property in hash)) return;
-               delete hash[property];
-             }
+         lanes.focus = function () {};
 
-             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
-           }
-         }
+         lanes.off = function () {};
 
-         function showsLayer(id) {
-           var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
-           return layer && layer.supported() && layer.enabled();
-         }
+         return utilRebind(lanes, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+       uiFieldLanes.supportsMultiselection = false;
 
-         photos.shouldFilterByDate = function () {
-           return showsLayer('mapillary') || showsLayer('openstreetcam') || showsLayer('streetside');
-         };
+       var _languagesArray = [];
+       function uiFieldLocalized(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change', 'input');
+         var wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
+         var input = select(null);
+         var localizedInputs = select(null);
 
-         photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType = function () {
-           return showsLayer('mapillary') || showsLayer('streetside') && showsLayer('openstreetcam');
-         };
+         var _countryCode;
 
-         photos.shouldFilterByUsername = function () {
-           return showsLayer('mapillary') || showsLayer('openstreetcam') || showsLayer('streetside');
-         };
+         var _tags; // A concern here in switching to async data means that _languagesArray will not
+         // be available the first time through, so things like the fetchers and
+         // the language() function will not work immediately.
 
-         photos.showsPhotoType = function (val) {
-           if (!photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType()) return true;
-           return _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val) !== -1;
-         };
 
-         photos.showsFlat = function () {
-           return photos.showsPhotoType('flat');
-         };
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('languages').then(loadLanguagesArray)["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
+         var _territoryLanguages = {};
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('territory_languages').then(function (d) {
+           _territoryLanguages = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         }); // reuse these combos
 
-         photos.showsPanoramic = function () {
-           return photos.showsPhotoType('panoramic');
-         };
+         var langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'localized-lang').fetcher(fetchLanguages).minItems(0);
 
-         photos.fromDate = function () {
-           return _fromDate;
-         };
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-         photos.toDate = function () {
-           return _toDate;
-         };
+         var _multilingual = [];
 
-         photos.togglePhotoType = function (val) {
-           var index = _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val);
+         var _buttonTip = uiTooltip().title(_t.html('translate.translate')).placement('left');
 
-           if (index !== -1) {
-             _shownPhotoTypes.splice(index, 1);
-           } else {
-             _shownPhotoTypes.push(val);
-           }
+         var _wikiTitles;
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this);
-           return photos;
-         };
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-         photos.usernames = function () {
-           return _usernames;
-         };
+         function loadLanguagesArray(dataLanguages) {
+           if (_languagesArray.length !== 0) return; // some conversion is needed to ensure correct OSM tags are used
 
-         photos.init = function () {
-           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+           var replacements = {
+             sr: 'sr-Cyrl',
+             // in OSM, `sr` implies Cyrillic
+             'sr-Cyrl': false // `sr-Cyrl` isn't used in OSM
 
-           if (hash.photo_dates) {
-             // expect format like `photo_dates=2019-01-01_2020-12-31`, but allow a couple different separators
-             var parts = /^(.*)[–_](.*)$/g.exec(hash.photo_dates.trim());
-             this.setDateFilter('fromDate', parts && parts.length >= 2 && parts[1], false);
-             this.setDateFilter('toDate', parts && parts.length >= 3 && parts[2], false);
-           }
+           };
 
-           if (hash.photo_username) {
-             this.setUsernameFilter(hash.photo_username, false);
-           }
+           for (var code in dataLanguages) {
+             if (replacements[code] === false) continue;
+             var metaCode = code;
+             if (replacements[code]) metaCode = replacements[code];
 
-           if (hash.photo_overlay) {
-             // support enabling photo layers by default via a URL parameter, e.g. `photo_overlay=openstreetcam;mapillary;streetside`
-             var hashOverlayIDs = hash.photo_overlay.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
-             hashOverlayIDs.forEach(function (id) {
-               var layer = _layerIDs.indexOf(id) !== -1 && context.layers().layer(id);
-               if (layer && !layer.enabled()) layer.enabled(true);
+             _languagesArray.push({
+               localName: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode, {
+                 localOnly: true
+               }),
+               nativeName: dataLanguages[metaCode].nativeName,
+               code: code,
+               label: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode)
              });
            }
+         }
 
-           if (hash.photo) {
-             // support opening a photo via a URL parameter, e.g. `photo=mapillary-fztgSDtLpa08ohPZFZjeRQ`
-             var photoIds = hash.photo.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
-             var photoId = photoIds.length && photoIds[0].trim();
-             var results = /(.*)\/(.*)/g.exec(photoId);
+         function calcLocked() {
+           // Protect name field for suggestion presets that don't display a brand/operator field
+           var isLocked = field.id === 'name' && _entityIDs.length && _entityIDs.some(function (entityID) {
+             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(entityID);
+             if (!entity) return false; // Features linked to Wikidata are likely important and should be protected
 
-             if (results && results.length >= 3) {
-               var serviceId = results[1];
-               var photoKey = results[2];
-               var service = services[serviceId];
+             if (entity.tags.wikidata) return true; // Assume the name has already been confirmed if its source has been researched
 
-               if (service && service.ensureViewerLoaded) {
-                 // if we're showing a photo then make sure its layer is enabled too
-                 var layer = _layerIDs.indexOf(serviceId) !== -1 && context.layers().layer(serviceId);
-                 if (layer && !layer.enabled()) layer.enabled(true);
-                 var baselineTime = Date.now();
-                 service.on('loadedImages.rendererPhotos', function () {
-                   // don't open the viewer if too much time has elapsed
-                   if (Date.now() - baselineTime > 45000) {
-                     service.on('loadedImages.rendererPhotos', null);
-                     return;
-                   }
+             if (entity.tags['name:etymology:wikidata']) return true; // Lock the `name` if this is a suggestion preset that assigns the name,
+             // and the preset does not display a `brand` or `operator` field.
+             // (For presets like hotels, car dealerships, post offices, the `name` should remain editable)
+             // see also similar logic in `outdated_tags.js`
 
-                   if (!service.cachedImage(photoKey)) return;
-                   service.on('loadedImages.rendererPhotos', null);
-                   service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
-                     service.selectImage(context, photoKey).showViewer(context);
-                   });
-                 });
-               }
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+
+             if (preset) {
+               var isSuggestion = preset.suggestion;
+               var fields = preset.fields();
+               var showsBrandField = fields.some(function (d) {
+                 return d.id === 'brand';
+               });
+               var showsOperatorField = fields.some(function (d) {
+                 return d.id === 'operator';
+               });
+               var setsName = preset.addTags.name;
+               var setsBrandWikidata = preset.addTags['brand:wikidata'];
+               var setsOperatorWikidata = preset.addTags['operator:wikidata'];
+               return isSuggestion && setsName && (setsBrandWikidata && !showsBrandField || setsOperatorWikidata && !showsOperatorField);
              }
-           }
 
-           context.layers().on('change.rendererPhotos', updateStorage);
-         };
+             return false;
+           });
 
-         return utilRebind(photos, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           field.locked(isLocked);
+         } // update _multilingual, maintaining the existing order
 
-       function uiAccount(context) {
-         var osm = context.connection();
 
-         function update(selection) {
-           if (!osm) return;
+         function calcMultilingual(tags) {
+           var existingLangsOrdered = _multilingual.map(function (item) {
+             return item.lang;
+           });
 
-           if (!osm.authenticated()) {
-             selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink').classed('hide', true);
-             return;
-           }
+           var existingLangs = new Set(existingLangsOrdered.filter(Boolean));
 
-           osm.userDetails(function (err, details) {
-             var userLink = selection.select('.userLink'),
-                 logoutLink = selection.select('.logoutLink');
-             userLink.html('');
-             logoutLink.html('');
-             if (err || !details) return;
-             selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink').classed('hide', false); // Link
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             var m = k.match(/^(.*):(.*)$/);
 
-             var userLinkA = userLink.append('a').attr('href', osm.userURL(details.display_name)).attr('target', '_blank'); // Add thumbnail or dont
+             if (m && m[1] === field.key && m[2]) {
+               var item = {
+                 lang: m[2],
+                 value: tags[k]
+               };
 
-             if (details.image_url) {
-               userLinkA.append('img').attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon').attr('src', details.image_url);
-             } else {
-               userLinkA.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'pre-text light'));
-             } // Add user name
+               if (existingLangs.has(item.lang)) {
+                 // update the value
+                 _multilingual[existingLangsOrdered.indexOf(item.lang)].value = item.value;
+                 existingLangs["delete"](item.lang);
+               } else {
+                 _multilingual.push(item);
+               }
+             }
+           } // Don't remove items based on deleted tags, since this makes the UI
+           // disappear unexpectedly when clearing values - #8164
 
 
-             userLinkA.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(details.display_name);
-             logoutLink.append('a').attr('class', 'logout').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('logout')).on('click.logout', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               osm.logout();
-             });
+           _multilingual.forEach(function (item) {
+             if (item.lang && existingLangs.has(item.lang)) {
+               item.value = '';
+             }
            });
          }
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           selection.append('li').attr('class', 'userLink').classed('hide', true);
-           selection.append('li').attr('class', 'logoutLink').classed('hide', true);
+         function localized(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           calcLocked();
+           var isLocked = field.locked();
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-           if (osm) {
-             osm.on('change.account', function () {
-               update(selection);
-             });
-             update(selection);
-           }
-         };
-       }
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           input = wrap.selectAll('.localized-main').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-       function uiAttribution(context) {
-         var _selection = select(null);
+           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('id', field.domId).attr('class', 'localized-main').call(utilNoAuto).merge(input);
+           input.classed('disabled', !!isLocked).attr('readonly', isLocked || null).on('input', change(true)).on('blur', change()).on('change', change());
+           var translateButton = wrap.selectAll('.localized-add').data([0]);
+           translateButton = translateButton.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'localized-add form-field-button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus')).merge(translateButton);
+           translateButton.classed('disabled', !!isLocked).call(isLocked ? _buttonTip.destroy : _buttonTip).on('click', addNew);
 
-         function render(selection, data, klass) {
-           var div = selection.selectAll(".".concat(klass)).data([0]);
-           div = div.enter().append('div').attr('class', klass).merge(div);
-           var attributions = div.selectAll('.attribution').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           });
-           attributions.exit().remove();
-           attributions = attributions.enter().append('span').attr('class', 'attribution').each(function (d, i, nodes) {
-             var attribution = select(nodes[i]);
+           if (_tags && !_multilingual.length) {
+             calcMultilingual(_tags);
+           }
 
-             if (d.terms_html) {
-               attribution.html(d.terms_html);
-               return;
-             }
+           localizedInputs = selection.selectAll('.localized-multilingual').data([0]);
+           localizedInputs = localizedInputs.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'localized-multilingual').merge(localizedInputs);
+           localizedInputs.call(renderMultilingual);
+           localizedInputs.selectAll('button, input').classed('disabled', !!isLocked).attr('readonly', isLocked || null);
 
-             if (d.terms_url) {
-               attribution = attribution.append('a').attr('href', d.terms_url).attr('target', '_blank');
-             }
+           function addNew(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (field.locked()) return;
+             var defaultLang = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
 
-             var sourceID = d.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
-             var terms_text = _t("imagery.".concat(sourceID, ".attribution.text"), {
-               "default": d.terms_text || d.id || d.name()
+             var langExists = _multilingual.find(function (datum) {
+               return datum.lang === defaultLang;
              });
 
-             if (d.icon && !d.overlay) {
-               attribution.append('img').attr('class', 'source-image').attr('src', d.icon);
+             var isLangEn = defaultLang.indexOf('en') > -1;
+
+             if (isLangEn || langExists) {
+               defaultLang = '';
+               langExists = _multilingual.find(function (datum) {
+                 return datum.lang === defaultLang;
+               });
              }
 
-             attribution.append('span').attr('class', 'attribution-text').html(terms_text);
-           }).merge(attributions);
-           var copyright = attributions.selectAll('.copyright-notice').data(function (d) {
-             var notice = d.copyrightNotices(context.map().zoom(), context.map().extent());
-             return notice ? [notice] : [];
-           });
-           copyright.exit().remove();
-           copyright = copyright.enter().append('span').attr('class', 'copyright-notice').merge(copyright);
-           copyright.html(String);
-         }
+             if (!langExists) {
+               // prepend the value so it appears at the top
+               _multilingual.unshift({
+                 lang: defaultLang,
+                 value: ''
+               });
 
-         function update() {
-           var baselayer = context.background().baseLayerSource();
+               localizedInputs.call(renderMultilingual);
+             }
+           }
 
-           _selection.call(render, baselayer ? [baselayer] : [], 'base-layer-attribution');
+           function change(onInput) {
+             return function (d3_event) {
+               if (field.locked()) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 return;
+               }
 
-           var z = context.map().zoom();
-           var overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources() || [];
+               var val = utilGetSetValue(select(this));
+               if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-           _selection.call(render, overlays.filter(function (s) {
-             return s.validZoom(z);
-           }), 'overlay-layer-attribution');
+               if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+               var t = {};
+               t[field.key] = val || undefined;
+               dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
+             };
+           }
          }
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           _selection = selection;
-           context.background().on('change.attribution', update);
-           context.map().on('move.attribution', throttle(update, 400, {
-             leading: false
-           }));
-           update();
-         };
-       }
+         function key(lang) {
+           return field.key + ':' + lang;
+         }
 
-       function uiContributors(context) {
-         var osm = context.connection(),
-             debouncedUpdate = debounce(function () {
-           update();
-         }, 1000),
-             limit = 4,
-             hidden = false,
-             wrap = select(null);
+         function changeLang(d3_event, d) {
+           var tags = {}; // make sure unrecognized suffixes are lowercase - #7156
 
-         function update() {
-           if (!osm) return;
-           var users = {},
-               entities = context.history().intersects(context.map().extent());
-           entities.forEach(function (entity) {
-             if (entity && entity.user) users[entity.user] = true;
+           var lang = utilGetSetValue(select(this)).toLowerCase();
+
+           var language = _languagesArray.find(function (d) {
+             return d.label.toLowerCase() === lang || d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase() === lang || d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase() === lang;
            });
-           var u = Object.keys(users),
-               subset = u.slice(0, u.length > limit ? limit - 1 : limit);
-           wrap.html('').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-nearby', 'pre-text light'));
-           var userList = select(document.createElement('span'));
-           userList.selectAll().data(subset).enter().append('a').attr('class', 'user-link').attr('href', function (d) {
-             return osm.userURL(d);
-           }).attr('target', '_blank').html(String);
 
-           if (u.length > limit) {
-             var count = select(document.createElement('span'));
-             var othersNum = u.length - limit + 1;
-             count.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function () {
-               return osm.changesetsURL(context.map().center(), context.map().zoom());
-             }).html(othersNum);
-             wrap.append('span').html(_t.html('contributors.truncated_list', {
-               n: othersNum,
-               users: userList.html(),
-               count: count.html()
-             }));
-           } else {
-             wrap.append('span').html(_t.html('contributors.list', {
-               users: userList.html()
-             }));
+           if (language) lang = language.code;
+
+           if (d.lang && d.lang !== lang) {
+             tags[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
            }
 
-           if (!u.length) {
-             hidden = true;
-             wrap.transition().style('opacity', 0);
-           } else if (hidden) {
-             wrap.transition().style('opacity', 1);
+           var newKey = lang && context.cleanTagKey(key(lang));
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(select(this.parentNode).selectAll('.localized-value'));
+
+           if (newKey && value) {
+             tags[newKey] = value;
+           } else if (newKey && _wikiTitles && _wikiTitles[d.lang]) {
+             tags[newKey] = _wikiTitles[d.lang];
            }
+
+           d.lang = lang;
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tags);
          }
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           if (!osm) return;
-           wrap = selection;
-           update();
-           osm.on('loaded.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
-           context.map().on('move.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
-         };
-       }
+         function changeValue(d3_event, d) {
+           if (!d.lang) return;
+           var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))) || undefined; // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-       var _popoverID = 0;
-       function uiPopover(klass) {
-         var _id = _popoverID++;
+           if (!value && Array.isArray(d.value)) return;
+           var t = {};
+           t[key(d.lang)] = value;
+           d.value = value;
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+         }
 
-         var _anchorSelection = select(null);
+         function fetchLanguages(value, cb) {
+           var v = value.toLowerCase(); // show the user's language first
 
-         var popover = function popover(selection) {
-           _anchorSelection = selection;
-           selection.each(setup);
-         };
+           var langCodes = [_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), _mainLocalizer.languageCode()];
 
-         var _animation = utilFunctor(false);
+           if (_countryCode && _territoryLanguages[_countryCode]) {
+             langCodes = langCodes.concat(_territoryLanguages[_countryCode]);
+           }
 
-         var _placement = utilFunctor('top'); // top, bottom, left, right
+           var langItems = [];
+           langCodes.forEach(function (code) {
+             var langItem = _languagesArray.find(function (item) {
+               return item.code === code;
+             });
 
+             if (langItem) langItems.push(langItem);
+           });
+           langItems = utilArrayUniq(langItems.concat(_languagesArray));
+           cb(langItems.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.label.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d.code.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return {
+               value: d.label
+             };
+           }));
+         }
 
-         var _alignment = utilFunctor('center'); // leading, center, trailing
+         function renderMultilingual(selection) {
+           var entries = selection.selectAll('div.entry').data(_multilingual, function (d) {
+             return d.lang;
+           });
+           entries.exit().style('top', '0').style('max-height', '240px').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').style('max-height', '0px').remove();
+           var entriesEnter = entries.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'entry').each(function (_, index) {
+             var wrap = select(this);
+             var domId = utilUniqueDomId(index);
+             var label = wrap.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', domId);
+             var text = label.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text');
+             text.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textvalue').html(_t.html('translate.localized_translation_label'));
+             text.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textannotation');
+             label.append('button').attr('class', 'remove-icon-multilingual').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+               if (field.locked()) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault(); // remove the UI item manually
 
+               _multilingual.splice(_multilingual.indexOf(d), 1);
 
-         var _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(select(null));
+               var langKey = d.lang && key(d.lang);
 
-         var _content;
+               if (langKey && langKey in _tags) {
+                 delete _tags[langKey]; // remove from entity tags
 
-         var _displayType = utilFunctor('');
+                 var t = {};
+                 t[langKey] = undefined;
+                 dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+                 return;
+               }
 
-         var _hasArrow = utilFunctor(true); // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
+               renderMultilingual(selection);
+             }).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
+             wrap.append('input').attr('class', 'localized-lang').attr('id', domId).attr('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language')).on('blur', changeLang).on('change', changeLang).call(langCombo);
+             wrap.append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'localized-value').on('blur', changeValue).on('change', changeValue);
+           });
+           entriesEnter.style('margin-top', '0px').style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', '0').transition().duration(200).style('margin-top', '10px').style('max-height', '240px').style('opacity', '1').on('end', function () {
+             select(this).style('max-height', '').style('overflow', 'visible');
+           });
+           entries = entries.merge(entriesEnter);
+           entries.order(); // allow removing the entry UIs even if there isn't a tag to remove
 
+           entries.classed('present', true);
+           utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-lang'), function (d) {
+             var langItem = _languagesArray.find(function (item) {
+               return item.code === d.lang;
+             });
 
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+             if (langItem) return langItem.label;
+             return d.lang;
+           });
+           utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-value'), function (d) {
+             return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null;
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value) ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _t('translate.localized_translation_name');
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value);
+           });
+         }
 
-         popover.displayType = function (val) {
-           if (arguments.length) {
-             _displayType = utilFunctor(val);
-             return popover;
-           } else {
-             return _displayType;
-           }
-         };
+         localized.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags; // Fetch translations from wikipedia
 
-         popover.hasArrow = function (val) {
-           if (arguments.length) {
-             _hasArrow = utilFunctor(val);
-             return popover;
-           } else {
-             return _hasArrow;
+           if (typeof tags.wikipedia === 'string' && !_wikiTitles) {
+             _wikiTitles = {};
+             var wm = tags.wikipedia.match(/([^:]+):(.+)/);
+
+             if (wm && wm[0] && wm[1]) {
+               wikipedia.translations(wm[1], wm[2], function (err, d) {
+                 if (err || !d) return;
+                 _wikiTitles = d;
+               });
+             }
            }
+
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+           utilGetSetValue(input, typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : '').attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder()).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+           calcMultilingual(tags);
+
+           _selection.call(localized);
          };
 
-         popover.placement = function (val) {
-           if (arguments.length) {
-             _placement = utilFunctor(val);
-             return popover;
-           } else {
-             return _placement;
-           }
+         localized.focus = function () {
+           input.node().focus();
          };
 
-         popover.alignment = function (val) {
-           if (arguments.length) {
-             _alignment = utilFunctor(val);
-             return popover;
-           } else {
-             return _alignment;
-           }
+         localized.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           _multilingual = [];
+           loadCountryCode();
+           return localized;
          };
 
-         popover.scrollContainer = function (val) {
-           if (arguments.length) {
-             _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(val);
-             return popover;
-           } else {
-             return _scrollContainer;
+         function loadCountryCode() {
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
+           _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
+         }
+
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
+
+         return utilRebind(localized, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+
+       function uiFieldRoadheight(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var primaryUnitInput = select(null);
+         var primaryInput = select(null);
+         var secondaryInput = select(null);
+         var secondaryUnitInput = select(null);
+         var _entityIDs = [];
+
+         var _tags;
+
+         var _isImperial;
+
+         var primaryUnits = [{
+           value: 'm',
+           title: _t('inspector.roadheight.meter')
+         }, {
+           value: 'ft',
+           title: _t('inspector.roadheight.foot')
+         }];
+         var unitCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'roadheight-unit').data(primaryUnits);
+
+         function roadheight(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           primaryInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadheight-number').data([0]);
+           primaryInput = primaryInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadheight-number').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).merge(primaryInput);
+           primaryInput.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+           var loc = combinedEntityExtent().center();
+           _isImperial = roadHeightUnit(loc) === 'ft';
+           primaryUnitInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadheight-unit').data([0]);
+           primaryUnitInput = primaryUnitInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadheight-unit').call(unitCombo).merge(primaryUnitInput);
+           primaryUnitInput.on('blur', changeUnits).on('change', changeUnits);
+           secondaryInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadheight-secondary-number').data([0]);
+           secondaryInput = secondaryInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadheight-secondary-number').call(utilNoAuto).merge(secondaryInput);
+           secondaryInput.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+           secondaryUnitInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadheight-secondary-unit').data([0]);
+           secondaryUnitInput = secondaryUnitInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').call(utilNoAuto).classed('disabled', true).classed('roadheight-secondary-unit', true).attr('readonly', 'readonly').merge(secondaryUnitInput);
+
+           function changeUnits() {
+             _isImperial = utilGetSetValue(primaryUnitInput) === 'ft';
+             utilGetSetValue(primaryUnitInput, _isImperial ? 'ft' : 'm');
+             setUnitSuggestions();
+             change();
            }
-         };
+         }
+
+         function setUnitSuggestions() {
+           utilGetSetValue(primaryUnitInput, _isImperial ? 'ft' : 'm');
+         }
 
-         popover.content = function (val) {
-           if (arguments.length) {
-             _content = val;
-             return popover;
+         function change() {
+           var tag = {};
+           var primaryValue = utilGetSetValue(primaryInput).trim();
+           var secondaryValue = utilGetSetValue(secondaryInput).trim(); // don't override multiple values with blank string
+
+           if (!primaryValue && !secondaryValue && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+
+           if (!primaryValue && !secondaryValue) {
+             tag[field.key] = undefined;
+           } else if (isNaN(primaryValue) || isNaN(secondaryValue) || !_isImperial) {
+             tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(primaryValue);
            } else {
-             return _content;
+             if (primaryValue !== '') {
+               primaryValue = context.cleanTagValue(primaryValue + '\'');
+             }
+
+             if (secondaryValue !== '') {
+               secondaryValue = context.cleanTagValue(secondaryValue + '"');
+             }
+
+             tag[field.key] = primaryValue + secondaryValue;
            }
-         };
 
-         popover.isShown = function () {
-           var popoverSelection = _anchorSelection.select('.popover-' + _id);
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tag);
+         }
 
-           return !popoverSelection.empty() && popoverSelection.classed('in');
-         };
+         roadheight.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           var primaryValue = tags[field.key];
+           var secondaryValue;
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(primaryValue);
 
-         popover.show = function () {
-           _anchorSelection.each(show);
-         };
+           if (!isMixed) {
+             if (primaryValue && (primaryValue.indexOf('\'') >= 0 || primaryValue.indexOf('"') >= 0)) {
+               secondaryValue = primaryValue.match(/(-?[\d.]+)"/);
 
-         popover.updateContent = function () {
-           _anchorSelection.each(updateContent);
-         };
+               if (secondaryValue !== null) {
+                 secondaryValue = secondaryValue[1];
+               }
 
-         popover.hide = function () {
-           _anchorSelection.each(hide);
-         };
+               primaryValue = primaryValue.match(/(-?[\d.]+)'/);
 
-         popover.toggle = function () {
-           _anchorSelection.each(toggle);
-         };
+               if (primaryValue !== null) {
+                 primaryValue = primaryValue[1];
+               }
 
-         popover.destroy = function (selection, selector) {
-           // by default, just destroy the current popover
-           selector = selector || '.popover-' + _id;
-           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', null).on('click.popover', null).attr('title', function () {
-             return this.getAttribute('data-original-title') || this.getAttribute('title');
-           }).attr('data-original-title', null).selectAll(selector).remove();
-         };
+               _isImperial = true;
+             } else if (primaryValue) {
+               _isImperial = false;
+             }
+           }
 
-         popover.destroyAny = function (selection) {
-           selection.call(popover.destroy, '.popover');
+           setUnitSuggestions();
+           utilGetSetValue(primaryInput, typeof primaryValue === 'string' ? primaryValue : '').attr('title', isMixed ? primaryValue.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _t('inspector.unknown')).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+           utilGetSetValue(secondaryInput, typeof secondaryValue === 'string' ? secondaryValue : '').attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _isImperial ? '0' : null).classed('mixed', isMixed).classed('disabled', !_isImperial).attr('readonly', _isImperial ? null : 'readonly');
+           secondaryUnitInput.attr('value', _isImperial ? _t('inspector.roadheight.inch') : null);
          };
 
-         function setup() {
-           var anchor = select(this);
+         roadheight.focus = function () {
+           primaryInput.node().focus();
+         };
 
-           var animate = _animation.apply(this, arguments);
+         roadheight.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           _entityIDs = val;
+         };
 
-           var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id).data([0]);
-           var enter = popoverSelection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'popover popover-' + _id + ' ' + (klass ? klass : '')).classed('arrowed', _hasArrow.apply(this, arguments));
-           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-arrow');
-           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-inner');
-           popoverSelection = enter.merge(popoverSelection);
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-           if (animate) {
-             popoverSelection.classed('fade', true);
-           }
+         return utilRebind(roadheight, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           var display = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);
+       function uiFieldRoadspeed(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var unitInput = select(null);
+         var input = select(null);
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           if (display === 'hover') {
-             var _lastNonMouseEnterTime;
+         var _tags;
 
-             anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', function (d3_event) {
-               if (d3_event.pointerType) {
-                 if (d3_event.pointerType !== 'mouse') {
-                   _lastNonMouseEnterTime = d3_event.timeStamp; // only allow hover behavior for mouse input
+         var _isImperial;
 
-                   return;
-                 } else if (_lastNonMouseEnterTime && d3_event.timeStamp - _lastNonMouseEnterTime < 1500) {
-                   // HACK: iOS 13.4 sends an erroneous `mouse` type pointerenter
-                   // event for non-mouse interactions right after sending
-                   // the correct type pointerenter event. Workaround by discarding
-                   // any mouse event that occurs immediately after a non-mouse event.
-                   return;
-                 }
-               } // don't show if buttons are pressed, e.g. during click and drag of map
+         var speedCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'roadspeed');
+         var unitCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'roadspeed-unit').data(['km/h', 'mph'].map(comboValues));
+         var metricValues = [20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120];
+         var imperialValues = [5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80];
 
+         function roadspeed(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           input = wrap.selectAll('input.roadspeed-number').data([0]);
+           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadspeed-number').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).call(speedCombo).merge(input);
+           input.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+           var loc = combinedEntityExtent().center();
+           _isImperial = roadSpeedUnit(loc) === 'mph';
+           unitInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadspeed-unit').data([0]);
+           unitInput = unitInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadspeed-unit').call(unitCombo).merge(unitInput);
+           unitInput.on('blur', changeUnits).on('change', changeUnits);
 
-               if (d3_event.buttons !== 0) return;
-               show.apply(this, arguments);
-             }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', function () {
-               hide.apply(this, arguments);
-             }) // show on focus too for better keyboard navigation support
-             .on('focus.popover', function () {
-               show.apply(this, arguments);
-             }).on('blur.popover', function () {
-               hide.apply(this, arguments);
-             });
-           } else if (display === 'clickFocus') {
-             anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             }).on('click.popover', toggle);
-             popoverSelection // This attribute lets the popover take focus
-             .attr('tabindex', 0).on('blur.popover', function () {
-               anchor.each(function () {
-                 hide.apply(this, arguments);
-               });
-             });
+           function changeUnits() {
+             _isImperial = utilGetSetValue(unitInput) === 'mph';
+             utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
+             setUnitSuggestions();
+             change();
            }
          }
 
-         function show() {
-           var anchor = select(this);
-           var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
+         function setUnitSuggestions() {
+           speedCombo.data((_isImperial ? imperialValues : metricValues).map(comboValues));
+           utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
+         }
 
-           if (popoverSelection.empty()) {
-             // popover was removed somehow, put it back
-             anchor.call(popover.destroy);
-             anchor.each(setup);
-             popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
-           }
+         function comboValues(d) {
+           return {
+             value: d.toString(),
+             title: d.toString()
+           };
+         }
 
-           popoverSelection.classed('in', true);
+         function change() {
+           var tag = {};
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim(); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-           var displayType = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (!value && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
 
-           if (displayType === 'clickFocus') {
-             anchor.classed('active', true);
-             popoverSelection.node().focus();
+           if (!value) {
+             tag[field.key] = undefined;
+           } else if (isNaN(value) || !_isImperial) {
+             tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value);
+           } else {
+             tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value + ' mph');
            }
 
-           anchor.each(updateContent);
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tag);
          }
 
-         function updateContent() {
-           var anchor = select(this);
+         roadspeed.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           var value = tags[field.key];
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(value);
 
-           if (_content) {
-             anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-inner').call(_content.apply(this, arguments));
+           if (!isMixed) {
+             if (value && value.indexOf('mph') >= 0) {
+               value = parseInt(value, 10).toString();
+               _isImperial = true;
+             } else if (value) {
+               _isImperial = false;
+             }
            }
 
-           updatePosition.apply(this, arguments); // hack: update multiple times to fix instances where the absolute offset is
-           // set before the dynamic popover size is calculated by the browser
+           setUnitSuggestions();
+           utilGetSetValue(input, typeof value === 'string' ? value : '').attr('title', isMixed ? value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder()).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+         };
 
-           updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
-           updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
-         }
+         roadspeed.focus = function () {
+           input.node().focus();
+         };
 
-         function updatePosition() {
-           var anchor = select(this);
-           var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
+         roadspeed.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           _entityIDs = val;
+         };
 
-           var scrollContainer = _scrollContainer && _scrollContainer.apply(this, arguments);
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-           var scrollNode = scrollContainer && !scrollContainer.empty() && scrollContainer.node();
-           var scrollLeft = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollLeft : 0;
-           var scrollTop = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollTop : 0;
+         return utilRebind(roadspeed, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           var placement = _placement.apply(this, arguments);
+       function uiFieldRadio(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var placeholder = select(null);
+         var wrap = select(null);
+         var labels = select(null);
+         var radios = select(null);
+         var radioData = (field.options || field.keys).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-           popoverSelection.classed('left', false).classed('right', false).classed('top', false).classed('bottom', false).classed(placement, true);
+         var typeField;
+         var layerField;
+         var _oldType = {};
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           var alignment = _alignment.apply(this, arguments);
+         function selectedKey() {
+           var node = wrap.selectAll('.form-field-input-radio label.active input');
+           return !node.empty() && node.datum();
+         }
 
-           var alignFactor = 0.5;
+         function radio(selection) {
+           selection.classed('preset-radio', true);
+           wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           var enter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-radio');
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'placeholder');
+           wrap = wrap.merge(enter);
+           placeholder = wrap.selectAll('.placeholder');
+           labels = wrap.selectAll('label').data(radioData);
+           enter = labels.enter().append('label');
+           enter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', field.id).attr('value', function (d) {
+             return field.t('options.' + d, {
+               'default': d
+             });
+           }).attr('checked', false);
+           enter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return field.t.html('options.' + d, {
+               'default': d
+             });
+           });
+           labels = labels.merge(enter);
+           radios = labels.selectAll('input').on('change', changeRadio);
+         }
 
-           if (alignment === 'leading') {
-             alignFactor = 0;
-           } else if (alignment === 'trailing') {
-             alignFactor = 1;
-           }
+         function structureExtras(selection, tags) {
+           var selected = selectedKey() || tags.layer !== undefined;
+           var type = _mainPresetIndex.field(selected);
+           var layer = _mainPresetIndex.field('layer');
+           var showLayer = selected === 'bridge' || selected === 'tunnel' || tags.layer !== undefined;
+           var extrasWrap = selection.selectAll('.structure-extras-wrap').data(selected ? [0] : []);
+           extrasWrap.exit().remove();
+           extrasWrap = extrasWrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'structure-extras-wrap').merge(extrasWrap);
+           var list = extrasWrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(list); // Type
 
-           var anchorFrame = getFrame(anchor.node());
-           var popoverFrame = getFrame(popoverSelection.node());
-           var position;
+           if (type) {
+             if (!typeField || typeField.id !== selected) {
+               typeField = uiField(context, type, _entityIDs, {
+                 wrap: false
+               }).on('change', changeType);
+             }
 
-           switch (placement) {
-             case 'top':
-               position = {
-                 x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
-                 y: anchorFrame.y - popoverFrame.h
-               };
-               break;
+             typeField.tags(tags);
+           } else {
+             typeField = null;
+           }
 
-             case 'bottom':
-               position = {
-                 x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
-                 y: anchorFrame.y + anchorFrame.h
-               };
-               break;
+           var typeItem = list.selectAll('.structure-type-item').data(typeField ? [typeField] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // Exit
 
-             case 'left':
-               position = {
-                 x: anchorFrame.x - popoverFrame.w,
-                 y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
-               };
-               break;
+           typeItem.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-             case 'right':
-               position = {
-                 x: anchorFrame.x + anchorFrame.w,
-                 y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
-               };
-               break;
-           }
+           var typeEnter = typeItem.enter().insert('li', ':first-child').attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-type-item');
+           typeEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label structure-label-type').attr('for', 'preset-input-' + selected).html(_t.html('inspector.radio.structure.type'));
+           typeEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'structure-input-type-wrap'); // Update
 
-           if (position) {
-             if (scrollNode && (placement === 'top' || placement === 'bottom')) {
-               var initialPosX = position.x;
+           typeItem = typeItem.merge(typeEnter);
 
-               if (position.x + popoverFrame.w > scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10) {
-                 position.x = scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10 - popoverFrame.w;
-               } else if (position.x < 10) {
-                 position.x = 10;
-               }
+           if (typeField) {
+             typeItem.selectAll('.structure-input-type-wrap').call(typeField.render);
+           } // Layer
 
-               var arrow = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-arrow'); // keep the arrow centered on the button, or as close as possible
 
-               var arrowPosX = Math.min(Math.max(popoverFrame.w / 2 - (position.x - initialPosX), 10), popoverFrame.w - 10);
-               arrow.style('left', ~~arrowPosX + 'px');
+           if (layer && showLayer) {
+             if (!layerField) {
+               layerField = uiField(context, layer, _entityIDs, {
+                 wrap: false
+               }).on('change', changeLayer);
              }
 
-             popoverSelection.style('left', ~~position.x + 'px').style('top', ~~position.y + 'px');
+             layerField.tags(tags);
+             field.keys = utilArrayUnion(field.keys, ['layer']);
            } else {
-             popoverSelection.style('left', null).style('top', null);
+             layerField = null;
+             field.keys = field.keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return k !== 'layer';
+             });
            }
 
-           function getFrame(node) {
-             var positionStyle = select(node).style('position');
+           var layerItem = list.selectAll('.structure-layer-item').data(layerField ? [layerField] : []); // Exit
 
-             if (positionStyle === 'absolute' || positionStyle === 'static') {
-               return {
-                 x: node.offsetLeft - scrollLeft,
-                 y: node.offsetTop - scrollTop,
-                 w: node.offsetWidth,
-                 h: node.offsetHeight
-               };
-             } else {
-               return {
-                 x: 0,
-                 y: 0,
-                 w: node.offsetWidth,
-                 h: node.offsetHeight
-               };
-             }
+           layerItem.exit().remove(); // Enter
+
+           var layerEnter = layerItem.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-layer-item');
+           layerEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label structure-label-layer').attr('for', 'preset-input-layer').html(_t.html('inspector.radio.structure.layer'));
+           layerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'structure-input-layer-wrap'); // Update
+
+           layerItem = layerItem.merge(layerEnter);
+
+           if (layerField) {
+             layerItem.selectAll('.structure-input-layer-wrap').call(layerField.render);
            }
          }
 
-         function hide() {
-           var anchor = select(this);
+         function changeType(t, onInput) {
+           var key = selectedKey();
+           if (!key) return;
+           var val = t[key];
 
-           if (_displayType.apply(this, arguments) === 'clickFocus') {
-             anchor.classed('active', false);
+           if (val !== 'no') {
+             _oldType[key] = val;
            }
 
-           anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id).classed('in', false);
-         }
+           if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
+             // remove layer if it should not be set
+             if (val === 'no' || key !== 'bridge' && key !== 'tunnel' || key === 'tunnel' && val === 'building_passage') {
+               t.layer = undefined;
+             } // add layer if it should be set
 
-         function toggle() {
-           if (select(this).select('.popover-' + _id).classed('in')) {
-             hide.apply(this, arguments);
-           } else {
-             show.apply(this, arguments);
+
+             if (t.layer === undefined) {
+               if (key === 'bridge' && val !== 'no') {
+                 t.layer = '1';
+               }
+
+               if (key === 'tunnel' && val !== 'no' && val !== 'building_passage') {
+                 t.layer = '-1';
+               }
+             }
            }
+
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
          }
 
-         return popover;
-       }
+         function changeLayer(t, onInput) {
+           if (t.layer === '0') {
+             t.layer = undefined;
+           }
 
-       function uiTooltip(klass) {
-         var tooltip = uiPopover((klass || '') + ' tooltip').displayType('hover');
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
+         }
 
-         var _title = function _title() {
-           var title = this.getAttribute('data-original-title');
+         function changeRadio() {
+           var t = {};
+           var activeKey;
 
-           if (title) {
-             return title;
-           } else {
-             title = this.getAttribute('title');
-             this.removeAttribute('title');
-             this.setAttribute('data-original-title', title);
+           if (field.key) {
+             t[field.key] = undefined;
            }
 
-           return title;
-         };
-
-         var _heading = utilFunctor(null);
+           radios.each(function (d) {
+             var active = select(this).property('checked');
+             if (active) activeKey = d;
 
-         var _keys = utilFunctor(null);
+             if (field.key) {
+               if (active) t[field.key] = d;
+             } else {
+               var val = _oldType[activeKey] || 'yes';
+               t[d] = active ? val : undefined;
+             }
+           });
 
-         tooltip.title = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _title;
-           _title = utilFunctor(val);
-           return tooltip;
-         };
+           if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
+             if (activeKey === 'bridge') {
+               t.layer = '1';
+             } else if (activeKey === 'tunnel' && t.tunnel !== 'building_passage') {
+               t.layer = '-1';
+             } else {
+               t.layer = undefined;
+             }
+           }
 
-         tooltip.heading = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _heading;
-           _heading = utilFunctor(val);
-           return tooltip;
-         };
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+         }
 
-         tooltip.keys = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _keys;
-           _keys = utilFunctor(val);
-           return tooltip;
-         };
+         radio.tags = function (tags) {
+           radios.property('checked', function (d) {
+             if (field.key) {
+               return tags[field.key] === d;
+             }
 
-         tooltip.content(function () {
-           var heading = _heading.apply(this, arguments);
+             return !!(typeof tags[d] === 'string' && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
+           });
 
-           var text = _title.apply(this, arguments);
+           function isMixed(d) {
+             if (field.key) {
+               return Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d);
+             }
 
-           var keys = _keys.apply(this, arguments);
+             return Array.isArray(tags[d]);
+           }
 
-           return function (selection) {
-             var headingSelect = selection.selectAll('.tooltip-heading').data(heading ? [heading] : []);
-             headingSelect.exit().remove();
-             headingSelect.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tooltip-heading').merge(headingSelect).html(heading);
-             var textSelect = selection.selectAll('.tooltip-text').data(text ? [text] : []);
-             textSelect.exit().remove();
-             textSelect.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tooltip-text').merge(textSelect).html(text);
-             var keyhintWrap = selection.selectAll('.keyhint-wrap').data(keys && keys.length ? [0] : []);
-             keyhintWrap.exit().remove();
-             var keyhintWrapEnter = keyhintWrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'keyhint-wrap');
-             keyhintWrapEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('tooltip_keyhint'));
-             keyhintWrap = keyhintWrapEnter.merge(keyhintWrap);
-             keyhintWrap.selectAll('kbd.shortcut').data(keys && keys.length ? keys : []).enter().append('kbd').attr('class', 'shortcut').html(function (d) {
-               return d;
-             });
-           };
-         });
-         return tooltip;
-       }
+           labels.classed('active', function (d) {
+             if (field.key) {
+               return Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d) || tags[field.key] === d;
+             }
 
-       function uiEditMenu(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('toggled');
+             return Array.isArray(tags[d]) || !!(tags[d] && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
+           }).classed('mixed', isMixed).attr('title', function (d) {
+             return isMixed(d) ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
+           });
+           var selection = radios.filter(function () {
+             return this.checked;
+           });
 
-         var _menu = select(null);
+           if (selection.empty()) {
+             placeholder.html(_t.html('inspector.none'));
+           } else {
+             placeholder.html(selection.attr('value'));
+             _oldType[selection.datum()] = tags[selection.datum()];
+           }
 
-         var _operations = []; // the position the menu should be displayed relative to
+           if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
+             // For waterways without a tunnel tag, set 'culvert' as
+             // the _oldType to default to if the user picks 'tunnel'
+             if (!!tags.waterway && !_oldType.tunnel) {
+               _oldType.tunnel = 'culvert';
+             }
 
-         var _anchorLoc = [0, 0];
-         var _anchorLocLonLat = [0, 0]; // a string indicating how the menu was opened
+             wrap.call(structureExtras, tags);
+           }
+         };
 
-         var _triggerType = '';
-         var _vpTopMargin = 85; // viewport top margin
+         radio.focus = function () {
+           radios.node().focus();
+         };
 
-         var _vpBottomMargin = 45; // viewport bottom margin
+         radio.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           _oldType = {};
+           return radio;
+         };
 
-         var _vpSideMargin = 35; // viewport side margin
+         radio.isAllowed = function () {
+           return _entityIDs.length === 1;
+         };
 
-         var _menuTop = false;
+         return utilRebind(radio, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-         var _menuHeight;
+       function uiFieldRestrictions(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var breathe = behaviorBreathe();
+         corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way', null); // remove old key
 
-         var _menuWidth; // hardcode these values to make menu positioning easier
+         var storedViaWay = corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0'); // use new key #6922
 
+         var storedDistance = corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance');
 
-         var _verticalPadding = 4; // see also `.edit-menu .tooltip` CSS; include margin
+         var _maxViaWay = storedViaWay !== null ? +storedViaWay : 0;
 
-         var _tooltipWidth = 210; // offset the menu slightly from the target location
+         var _maxDistance = storedDistance ? +storedDistance : 30;
 
-         var _menuSideMargin = 10;
-         var _tooltips = [];
+         var _initialized = false;
 
-         var editMenu = function editMenu(selection) {
-           var isTouchMenu = _triggerType.includes('touch') || _triggerType.includes('pen');
+         var _parent = select(null); // the entire field
 
-           var ops = _operations.filter(function (op) {
-             return !isTouchMenu || !op.mouseOnly;
-           });
 
-           if (!ops.length) return;
-           _tooltips = []; // Position the menu above the anchor for stylus and finger input
-           // since the mapper's hand likely obscures the screen below the anchor
+         var _container = select(null); // just the map
 
-           _menuTop = isTouchMenu; // Show labels for touch input since there aren't hover tooltips
 
-           var showLabels = isTouchMenu;
-           var buttonHeight = showLabels ? 32 : 34;
+         var _oldTurns;
 
-           if (showLabels) {
-             // Get a general idea of the width based on the length of the label
-             _menuWidth = 52 + Math.min(120, 6 * Math.max.apply(Math, ops.map(function (op) {
-               return op.title.length;
-             })));
-           } else {
-             _menuWidth = 44;
-           }
+         var _graph;
 
-           _menuHeight = _verticalPadding * 2 + ops.length * buttonHeight;
-           _menu = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'edit-menu').classed('touch-menu', isTouchMenu).style('padding', _verticalPadding + 'px 0');
+         var _vertexID;
 
-           var buttons = _menu.selectAll('.edit-menu-item').data(ops); // enter
+         var _intersection;
 
+         var _fromWayID;
 
-           var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'edit-menu-item edit-menu-item-' + d.id;
-           }).style('height', buttonHeight + 'px').on('click', click) // don't listen for `mouseup` because we only care about non-mouse pointer types
-           .on('pointerup', pointerup).on('pointerdown mousedown', function pointerdown(d3_event) {
-             // don't let button presses also act as map input - #1869
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           }).on('mouseenter.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
-             if (!d.relatedEntityIds || select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
-             utilHighlightEntities(d.relatedEntityIds(), true, context);
-           }).on('mouseleave.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
-             if (!d.relatedEntityIds) return;
-             utilHighlightEntities(d.relatedEntityIds(), false, context);
-           });
-           buttonsEnter.each(function (d) {
-             var tooltip = uiTooltip().heading(d.title).title(d.tooltip()).keys([d.keys[0]]);
+         var _lastXPos;
 
-             _tooltips.push(tooltip);
+         function restrictions(selection) {
+           _parent = selection; // try to reuse the intersection, but always rebuild it if the graph has changed
 
-             select(this).call(tooltip).append('div').attr('class', 'icon-wrap').call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-' + d.id, 'operation'));
-           });
+           if (_vertexID && (context.graph() !== _graph || !_intersection)) {
+             _graph = context.graph();
+             _intersection = osmIntersection(_graph, _vertexID, _maxDistance);
+           } // It's possible for there to be no actual intersection here.
+           // for example, a vertex of two `highway=path`
+           // In this case, hide the field.
 
-           if (showLabels) {
-             buttonsEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(function (d) {
-               return d.title;
-             });
-           } // update
 
+           var isOK = _intersection && _intersection.vertices.length && // has vertices
+           _intersection.vertices // has the vertex that the user selected
+           .filter(function (vertex) {
+             return vertex.id === _vertexID;
+           }).length && _intersection.ways.length > 2 && // has more than 2 ways
+           _intersection.ways // has more than 1 TO way
+           .filter(function (way) {
+             return way.__to;
+           }).length > 1; // Also hide in the case where
 
-           buttonsEnter.merge(buttons).classed('disabled', function (d) {
-             return d.disabled();
-           });
-           updatePosition();
-           var initialScale = context.projection.scale();
-           context.map().on('move.edit-menu', function () {
-             if (initialScale !== context.projection.scale()) {
-               editMenu.close();
-             }
-           }).on('drawn.edit-menu', function (info) {
-             if (info.full) updatePosition();
-           });
-           var lastPointerUpType; // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
+           select(selection.node().parentNode).classed('hide', !isOK); // if form field is hidden or has detached from dom, clean up.
 
-           function pointerup(d3_event) {
-             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+           if (!isOK || !context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() || !selection.node().parentNode || !selection.node().parentNode.parentNode) {
+             selection.call(restrictions.off);
+             return;
            }
 
-           function click(d3_event, operation) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-
-             if (operation.relatedEntityIds) {
-               utilHighlightEntities(operation.relatedEntityIds(), false, context);
-             }
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var container = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-container').data([0]); // enter
 
-             if (operation.disabled()) {
-               if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
-                 // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
-                 context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id).iconClass('operation disabled').label(operation.tooltip)();
-               }
-             } else {
-               if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
-                 context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id).iconClass('operation').label(operation.annotation() || operation.title)();
-               }
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-container');
+           containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-help'); // update
 
-               operation();
-               editMenu.close();
-             }
+           _container = containerEnter.merge(container).call(renderViewer);
+           var controls = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-controls').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-             lastPointerUpType = null;
-           }
+           controls.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-controls-container').append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-controls').merge(controls).call(renderControls);
+         }
 
-           dispatch$1.call('toggled', this, true);
-         };
+         function renderControls(selection) {
+           var distControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance').data([0]);
+           distControl.exit().remove();
+           var distControlEnter = distControl.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-distance');
+           distControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-distance-label').html(_t.html('restriction.controls.distance') + ':');
+           distControlEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'restriction-distance-input').attr('type', 'range').attr('min', '20').attr('max', '50').attr('step', '5');
+           distControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-distance-text'); // update
 
-         function updatePosition() {
-           if (!_menu || _menu.empty()) return;
-           var anchorLoc = context.projection(_anchorLocLonLat);
-           var viewport = context.surfaceRect();
+           selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-input').property('value', _maxDistance).on('input', function () {
+             var val = select(this).property('value');
+             _maxDistance = +val;
+             _intersection = null;
 
-           if (anchorLoc[0] < 0 || anchorLoc[0] > viewport.width || anchorLoc[1] < 0 || anchorLoc[1] > viewport.height) {
-             // close the menu if it's gone offscreen
-             editMenu.close();
-             return;
-           }
+             _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
 
-           var menuLeft = displayOnLeft(viewport);
-           var offset = [0, 0];
-           offset[0] = menuLeft ? -1 * (_menuSideMargin + _menuWidth) : _menuSideMargin;
+             corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance', _maxDistance);
 
-           if (_menuTop) {
-             if (anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight < _vpTopMargin) {
-               // menu is near top viewport edge, shift downward
-               offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] + _vpTopMargin;
-             } else {
-               offset[1] = -_menuHeight;
-             }
-           } else {
-             if (anchorLoc[1] + _menuHeight > viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin) {
-               // menu is near bottom viewport edge, shift upwards
-               offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight + viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin;
-             } else {
-               offset[1] = 0;
-             }
-           }
+             _parent.call(restrictions);
+           });
+           selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-text').html(displayMaxDistance(_maxDistance));
+           var viaControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way').data([0]);
+           viaControl.exit().remove();
+           var viaControlEnter = viaControl.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-via-way');
+           viaControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-via-way-label').html(_t.html('restriction.controls.via') + ':');
+           viaControlEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-input').attr('type', 'range').attr('min', '0').attr('max', '2').attr('step', '1');
+           viaControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-text'); // update
 
-           var origin = geoVecAdd(anchorLoc, offset);
+           selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-input').property('value', _maxViaWay).on('input', function () {
+             var val = select(this).property('value');
+             _maxViaWay = +val;
 
-           _menu.style('left', origin[0] + 'px').style('top', origin[1] + 'px');
+             _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
 
-           var tooltipSide = tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft);
+             corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0', _maxViaWay);
 
-           _tooltips.forEach(function (tooltip) {
-             tooltip.placement(tooltipSide);
+             _parent.call(restrictions);
            });
+           selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-text').html(displayMaxVia(_maxViaWay));
+         }
 
-           function displayOnLeft(viewport) {
-             if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
-               if (anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth > viewport.width - _vpSideMargin) {
-                 // right menu would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
-                 return true;
-               } // prefer right menu
+         function renderViewer(selection) {
+           if (!_intersection) return;
+           var vgraph = _intersection.graph;
+           var filter = utilFunctor(true);
+           var projection = geoRawMercator(); // Reflow warning: `utilGetDimensions` calls `getBoundingClientRect`
+           // Instead of asking the restriction-container for its dimensions,
+           //  we can ask the .sidebar, which can have its dimensions cached.
+           // width: calc as sidebar - padding
+           // height: hardcoded (from `80_app.css`)
+           // var d = utilGetDimensions(selection);
 
+           var sdims = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'));
+           var d = [sdims[0] - 50, 370];
+           var c = geoVecScale(d, 0.5);
+           var z = 22;
+           projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z)); // Calculate extent of all key vertices
 
-               return false;
-             } else {
-               // rtl
-               if (anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth < _vpSideMargin) {
-                 // left menu would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
-                 return false;
-               } // prefer left menu
+           var extent = geoExtent();
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < _intersection.vertices.length; i++) {
+             extent._extend(_intersection.vertices[i].extent());
+           } // If this is a large intersection, adjust zoom to fit extent
 
-               return true;
-             }
-           }
 
-           function tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft) {
-             if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
-               if (menuLeft) {
-                 // if there's not room for a right-side menu then there definitely
-                 // isn't room for right-side tooltips
-                 return 'left';
-               }
+           if (_intersection.vertices.length > 1) {
+             var padding = 180; // in z22 pixels
 
-               if (anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth + _tooltipWidth > viewport.width - _vpSideMargin) {
-                 // right tooltips would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
-                 return 'left';
-               } // prefer right tooltips
+             var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
+             var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]);
+             var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / (d[0] - padding);
+             var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / (d[1] - padding);
+             var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
+             var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
+             z = z - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);
+             projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z));
+           }
 
+           var padTop = 35; // reserve top space for hint text
 
-               return 'right';
-             } else {
-               // rtl
-               if (!menuLeft) {
-                 return 'right';
-               }
+           var extentCenter = projection(extent.center());
+           extentCenter[1] = extentCenter[1] - padTop;
+           projection.translate(geoVecSubtract(c, extentCenter)).clipExtent([[0, 0], d]);
+           var drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context).only(['osm', 'touch']).dimensions(d);
+           var drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
+           var drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
+           var drawTurns = svgTurns(projection, context);
+           var firstTime = selection.selectAll('.surface').empty();
+           selection.call(drawLayers);
+           var surface = selection.selectAll('.surface').classed('tr', true);
 
-               if (anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth - _tooltipWidth < _vpSideMargin) {
-                 // left tooltips would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
-                 return 'right';
-               } // prefer left tooltips
+           if (firstTime) {
+             _initialized = true;
+             surface.call(breathe);
+           } // This can happen if we've lowered the detail while a FROM way
+           // is selected, and that way is no longer part of the intersection.
 
 
-               return 'left';
-             }
+           if (_fromWayID && !vgraph.hasEntity(_fromWayID)) {
+             _fromWayID = null;
+             _oldTurns = null;
            }
-         }
-
-         editMenu.close = function () {
-           context.map().on('move.edit-menu', null).on('drawn.edit-menu', null);
 
-           _menu.remove();
+           surface.call(utilSetDimensions, d).call(drawVertices, vgraph, _intersection.vertices, filter, extent, z).call(drawLines, vgraph, _intersection.ways, filter).call(drawTurns, vgraph, _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, _maxViaWay));
+           surface.on('click.restrictions', click).on('mouseover.restrictions', mouseover);
+           surface.selectAll('.selected').classed('selected', false);
+           surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
+           var way;
 
-           _tooltips = [];
-           dispatch$1.call('toggled', this, false);
-         };
+           if (_fromWayID) {
+             way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
+             surface.selectAll('.' + _fromWayID).classed('selected', true).classed('related', true);
+           }
 
-         editMenu.anchorLoc = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _anchorLoc;
-           _anchorLoc = val;
-           _anchorLocLonLat = context.projection.invert(_anchorLoc);
-           return editMenu;
-         };
+           document.addEventListener('resizeWindow', function () {
+             utilSetDimensions(_container, null);
+             redraw(1);
+           }, false);
+           updateHints(null);
 
-         editMenu.triggerType = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _triggerType;
-           _triggerType = val;
-           return editMenu;
-         };
+           function click(d3_event) {
+             surface.call(breathe.off).call(breathe);
+             var datum = d3_event.target.__data__;
+             var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
 
-         editMenu.operations = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _operations;
-           _operations = val;
-           return editMenu;
-         };
+             if (entity) {
+               datum = entity;
+             }
 
-         return utilRebind(editMenu, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             if (datum instanceof osmWay && (datum.__from || datum.__via)) {
+               _fromWayID = datum.id;
+               _oldTurns = null;
+               redraw();
+             } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
+               var actions, extraActions, turns, i;
+               var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);
 
-       function uiFeatureInfo(context) {
-         function update(selection) {
-           var features = context.features();
-           var stats = features.stats();
-           var count = 0;
-           var hiddenList = features.hidden().map(function (k) {
-             if (stats[k]) {
-               count += stats[k];
-               return _t('inspector.title_count', {
-                 title: _t.html('feature.' + k + '.description'),
-                 count: stats[k]
-               });
-             }
+               if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.direct) {
+                 return;
+               } else if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.only) {
+                 // NO -> ONLY
+                 var seen = {};
+                 var datumOnly = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(datum)); // deep clone the datum
 
-             return null;
-           }).filter(Boolean);
-           selection.html('');
+                 datumOnly.only = true; // but change this property
 
-           if (hiddenList.length) {
-             var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('top').title(function () {
-               return hiddenList.join('<br/>');
-             });
-             selection.append('a').attr('class', 'chip').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('feature_info.hidden_warning', {
-               count: count
-             })).call(tooltipBehavior).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-               tooltipBehavior.hide();
-               d3_event.preventDefault(); // open the Map Data pane
+                 restrictionType = restrictionType.replace(/^no/, 'only'); // Adding an ONLY restriction should destroy all other direct restrictions from the FROM towards the VIA.
+                 // We will remember them in _oldTurns, and restore them if the user clicks again.
 
-               context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .map-data-pane'));
-             });
-           }
+                 turns = _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, 2);
+                 extraActions = [];
+                 _oldTurns = [];
 
-           selection.classed('hide', !hiddenList.length);
-         }
+                 for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
+                   var turn = turns[i];
+                   if (seen[turn.restrictionID]) continue; // avoid deleting the turn twice (#4968, #4928)
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           update(selection);
-           context.features().on('change.feature_info', function () {
-             update(selection);
-           });
-         };
-       }
+                   if (turn.direct && turn.path[1] === datum.path[1]) {
+                     seen[turns[i].restrictionID] = true;
+                     turn.restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, turn, projection);
 
-       function uiFlash(context) {
-         var _flashTimer;
+                     _oldTurns.push(turn);
 
-         var _duration = 2000;
-         var _iconName = '#iD-icon-no';
-         var _iconClass = 'disabled';
-         var _label = '';
+                     extraActions.push(actionUnrestrictTurn(turn));
+                   }
+                 }
 
-         function flash() {
-           if (_flashTimer) {
-             _flashTimer.stop();
-           }
+                 actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [actionRestrictTurn(datumOnly, restrictionType), _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')]);
+               } else if (datum.restrictionID) {
+                 // ONLY -> Allowed
+                 // Restore whatever restrictions we might have destroyed by cycling thru the ONLY state.
+                 // This relies on the assumption that the intersection was already split up when we
+                 // performed the previous action (NO -> ONLY), so the IDs in _oldTurns shouldn't have changed.
+                 turns = _oldTurns || [];
+                 extraActions = [];
 
-           context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap').classed('footer-hide', true).classed('footer-show', false);
-           context.container().select('.flash-wrap').classed('footer-hide', false).classed('footer-show', true);
-           var content = context.container().select('.flash-wrap').selectAll('.flash-content').data([0]); // Enter
+                 for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
+                   if (turns[i].key !== datum.key) {
+                     extraActions.push(actionRestrictTurn(turns[i], turns[i].restrictionType));
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           var contentEnter = content.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'flash-content');
-           var iconEnter = contentEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'flash-icon icon').append('g').attr('transform', 'translate(10,10)');
-           iconEnter.append('circle').attr('r', 9);
-           iconEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-7,-7)').attr('width', '14').attr('height', '14');
-           contentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'flash-text'); // Update
+                 _oldTurns = null;
+                 actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [actionUnrestrictTurn(datum), _t('operations.restriction.annotation.delete')]);
+               } else {
+                 // Allowed -> NO
+                 actions = _intersection.actions.concat([actionRestrictTurn(datum, restrictionType), _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')]);
+               }
 
-           content = content.merge(contentEnter);
-           content.selectAll('.flash-icon').attr('class', 'icon flash-icon ' + (_iconClass || ''));
-           content.selectAll('.flash-icon use').attr('xlink:href', _iconName);
-           content.selectAll('.flash-text').attr('class', 'flash-text').html(_label);
-           _flashTimer = d3_timeout(function () {
-             _flashTimer = null;
-             context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap').classed('footer-hide', false).classed('footer-show', true);
-             context.container().select('.flash-wrap').classed('footer-hide', true).classed('footer-show', false);
-           }, _duration);
-           return content;
-         }
+               context.perform.apply(context, actions); // At this point the datum will be changed, but will have same key..
+               // Refresh it and update the help..
 
-         flash.duration = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _duration;
-           _duration = _;
-           return flash;
-         };
+               var s = surface.selectAll('.' + datum.key);
+               datum = s.empty() ? null : s.datum();
+               updateHints(datum);
+             } else {
+               _fromWayID = null;
+               _oldTurns = null;
+               redraw();
+             }
+           }
 
-         flash.label = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
-           _label = _;
-           return flash;
-         };
+           function mouseover(d3_event) {
+             var datum = d3_event.target.__data__;
+             updateHints(datum);
+           }
 
-         flash.iconName = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _iconName;
-           _iconName = _;
-           return flash;
-         };
+           _lastXPos = _lastXPos || sdims[0];
 
-         flash.iconClass = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _iconClass;
-           _iconClass = _;
-           return flash;
-         };
+           function redraw(minChange) {
+             var xPos = -1;
 
-         return flash;
-       }
+             if (minChange) {
+               xPos = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'))[0];
+             }
 
-       function uiFullScreen(context) {
-         var element = context.container().node(); // var button = d3_select(null);
+             if (!minChange || minChange && Math.abs(xPos - _lastXPos) >= minChange) {
+               if (context.hasEntity(_vertexID)) {
+                 _lastXPos = xPos;
 
-         function getFullScreenFn() {
-           if (element.requestFullscreen) {
-             return element.requestFullscreen;
-           } else if (element.msRequestFullscreen) {
-             return element.msRequestFullscreen;
-           } else if (element.mozRequestFullScreen) {
-             return element.mozRequestFullScreen;
-           } else if (element.webkitRequestFullscreen) {
-             return element.webkitRequestFullscreen;
+                 _container.call(renderViewer);
+               }
+             }
            }
-         }
 
-         function getExitFullScreenFn() {
-           if (document.exitFullscreen) {
-             return document.exitFullscreen;
-           } else if (document.msExitFullscreen) {
-             return document.msExitFullscreen;
-           } else if (document.mozCancelFullScreen) {
-             return document.mozCancelFullScreen;
-           } else if (document.webkitExitFullscreen) {
-             return document.webkitExitFullscreen;
-           }
-         }
+           function highlightPathsFrom(wayID) {
+             surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false).classed('allow', false).classed('restrict', false).classed('only', false);
+             surface.selectAll('.' + wayID).classed('related', true);
 
-         function isFullScreen() {
-           return document.fullscreenElement || document.mozFullScreenElement || document.webkitFullscreenElement || document.msFullscreenElement;
-         }
+             if (wayID) {
+               var turns = _intersection.turns(wayID, _maxViaWay);
 
-         function isSupported() {
-           return !!getFullScreenFn();
-         }
+               for (var i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
+                 var turn = turns[i];
+                 var ids = [turn.to.way];
+                 var klass = turn.no ? 'restrict' : turn.only ? 'only' : 'allow';
 
-         function fullScreen(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 if (turn.only || turns.length === 1) {
+                   if (turn.via.ways) {
+                     ids = ids.concat(turn.via.ways);
+                   }
+                 } else if (turn.to.way === wayID) {
+                   continue;
+                 }
 
-           if (!isFullScreen()) {
-             // button.classed('active', true);
-             getFullScreenFn().apply(element);
-           } else {
-             // button.classed('active', false);
-             getExitFullScreenFn().apply(document);
+                 surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids)).classed('related', true).classed('allow', klass === 'allow').classed('restrict', klass === 'restrict').classed('only', klass === 'only');
+               }
+             }
            }
-         }
 
-         return function () {
-           // selection) {
-           if (!isSupported()) return; // button = selection.append('button')
-           //     .attr('title', t('full_screen'))
-           //     .on('click', fullScreen)
-           //     .call(tooltip);
-           // button.append('span')
-           //     .attr('class', 'icon full-screen');
+           function updateHints(datum) {
+             var help = _container.selectAll('.restriction-help').html('');
 
-           var detected = utilDetect();
-           var keys = detected.os === 'mac' ? [uiCmd('⌃⌘F'), 'f11'] : ['f11'];
-           context.keybinding().on(keys, fullScreen);
-         };
-       }
+             var placeholders = {};
+             ['from', 'via', 'to'].forEach(function (k) {
+               placeholders[k] = '<span class="qualifier">' + _t('restriction.help.' + k) + '</span>';
+             });
+             var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
 
-       function uiGeolocate(context) {
-         var _geolocationOptions = {
-           // prioritize speed and power usage over precision
-           enableHighAccuracy: false,
-           // don't hang indefinitely getting the location
-           timeout: 6000 // 6sec
+             if (entity) {
+               datum = entity;
+             }
 
-         };
+             if (_fromWayID) {
+               way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
+               surface.selectAll('.' + _fromWayID).classed('selected', true).classed('related', true);
+             } // Hovering a way
 
-         var _locating = uiLoading(context).message(_t.html('geolocate.locating')).blocking(true);
 
-         var _layer = context.layers().layer('geolocate');
+             if (datum instanceof osmWay && datum.__from) {
+               way = datum;
+               highlightPathsFrom(_fromWayID ? null : way.id);
+               surface.selectAll('.' + way.id).classed('related', true);
+               var clickSelect = !_fromWayID || _fromWayID !== way.id;
+               help.append('div') // "Click to select FROM {fromName}." / "FROM {fromName}"
+               .html(_t.html('restriction.help.' + (clickSelect ? 'select_from_name' : 'from_name'), {
+                 from: placeholders.from,
+                 fromName: displayName(way.id, vgraph)
+               })); // Hovering a turn arrow
+             } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
+               var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);
+               var turnType = restrictionType.replace(/^(only|no)\_/, '');
+               var indirect = datum.direct === false ? _t.html('restriction.help.indirect') : '';
+               var klass, turnText, nextText;
 
-         var _position;
+               if (datum.no) {
+                 klass = 'restrict';
+                 turnText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: indirect
+                 });
+                 nextText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: ''
+                 });
+               } else if (datum.only) {
+                 klass = 'only';
+                 turnText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: indirect
+                 });
+                 nextText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: ''
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 klass = 'allow';
+                 turnText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: indirect
+                 });
+                 nextText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: ''
+                 });
+               }
 
-         var _extent;
+               help.append('div') // "NO Right Turn (indirect)"
+               .attr('class', 'qualifier ' + klass).html(turnText);
+               help.append('div') // "FROM {fromName} TO {toName}"
+               .html(_t.html('restriction.help.from_name_to_name', {
+                 from: placeholders.from,
+                 fromName: displayName(datum.from.way, vgraph),
+                 to: placeholders.to,
+                 toName: displayName(datum.to.way, vgraph)
+               }));
 
-         var _timeoutID;
+               if (datum.via.ways && datum.via.ways.length) {
+                 var names = [];
 
-         var _button = select(null);
+                 for (var i = 0; i < datum.via.ways.length; i++) {
+                   var prev = names[names.length - 1];
+                   var curr = displayName(datum.via.ways[i], vgraph);
 
-         function click() {
-           if (context.inIntro()) return;
+                   if (!prev || curr !== prev) {
+                     // collapse identical names
+                     names.push(curr);
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           if (!_layer.enabled() && !_locating.isShown()) {
-             // This timeout ensures that we still call finish() even if
-             // the user declines to share their location in Firefox
-             _timeoutID = setTimeout(error, 10000
-             /* 10sec */
-             );
-             context.container().call(_locating); // get the latest position even if we already have one
+                 help.append('div') // "VIA {viaNames}"
+                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.via_names', {
+                   via: placeholders.via,
+                   viaNames: names.join(', ')
+                 }));
+               }
 
-             navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(success, error, _geolocationOptions);
-           } else {
-             _locating.close();
+               if (!indirect) {
+                 help.append('div') // Click for "No Right Turn"
+                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.toggle', {
+                   turn: nextText.trim()
+                 }));
+               }
 
-             _layer.enabled(null, false);
+               highlightPathsFrom(null);
+               var alongIDs = datum.path.slice();
+               surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(alongIDs)).classed('related', true).classed('allow', klass === 'allow').classed('restrict', klass === 'restrict').classed('only', klass === 'only'); // Hovering empty surface
+             } else {
+               highlightPathsFrom(null);
 
-             updateButtonState();
+               if (_fromWayID) {
+                 help.append('div') // "FROM {fromName}"
+                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.from_name', {
+                   from: placeholders.from,
+                   fromName: displayName(_fromWayID, vgraph)
+                 }));
+               } else {
+                 help.append('div') // "Click to select a FROM segment."
+                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.select_from', {
+                   from: placeholders.from
+                 }));
+               }
+             }
            }
          }
 
-         function zoomTo() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           var map = context.map();
+         function displayMaxDistance(maxDist) {
+           var isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();
+           var opts;
 
-           _layer.enabled(_position, true);
+           if (isImperial) {
+             var distToFeet = {
+               // imprecise conversion for prettier display
+               20: 70,
+               25: 85,
+               30: 100,
+               35: 115,
+               40: 130,
+               45: 145,
+               50: 160
+             }[maxDist];
+             opts = {
+               distance: _t('units.feet', {
+                 quantity: distToFeet
+               })
+             };
+           } else {
+             opts = {
+               distance: _t('units.meters', {
+                 quantity: maxDist
+               })
+             };
+           }
 
-           updateButtonState();
-           map.centerZoomEase(_extent.center(), Math.min(20, map.extentZoom(_extent)));
+           return _t.html('restriction.controls.distance_up_to', opts);
          }
 
-         function success(geolocation) {
-           _position = geolocation;
-           var coords = _position.coords;
-           _extent = geoExtent([coords.longitude, coords.latitude]).padByMeters(coords.accuracy);
-           zoomTo();
-           finish();
+         function displayMaxVia(maxVia) {
+           return maxVia === 0 ? _t.html('restriction.controls.via_node_only') : maxVia === 1 ? _t.html('restriction.controls.via_up_to_one') : _t.html('restriction.controls.via_up_to_two');
          }
 
-         function error() {
-           if (_position) {
-             // use the position from a previous call if we have one
-             zoomTo();
-           } else {
-             context.ui().flash.label(_t.html('geolocate.location_unavailable')).iconName('#iD-icon-geolocate')();
-           }
-
-           finish();
+         function displayName(entityID, graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
+           var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
+           var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+           var type = matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
+           return name || type;
          }
 
-         function finish() {
-           _locating.close(); // unblock ui
+         restrictions.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           _intersection = null;
+           _fromWayID = null;
+           _oldTurns = null;
+           _vertexID = val[0];
+         };
 
+         restrictions.tags = function () {};
 
-           if (_timeoutID) {
-             clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
-           }
+         restrictions.focus = function () {};
 
-           _timeoutID = undefined;
+         restrictions.off = function (selection) {
+           if (!_initialized) return;
+           selection.selectAll('.surface').call(breathe.off).on('click.restrictions', null).on('mouseover.restrictions', null);
+           select(window).on('resize.restrictions', null);
+         };
+
+         return utilRebind(restrictions, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+       uiFieldRestrictions.supportsMultiselection = false;
+
+       function uiFieldTextarea(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var input = select(null);
+
+         var _tags;
+
+         function textarea(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           input = wrap.selectAll('textarea').data([0]);
+           input = input.enter().append('textarea').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).on('input', change(true)).on('blur', change()).on('change', change()).merge(input);
          }
 
-         function updateButtonState() {
-           _button.classed('active', _layer.enabled());
+         function change(onInput) {
+           return function () {
+             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+             if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val); // don't override multiple values with blank string
+
+             if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+             var t = {};
+             t[field.key] = val || undefined;
+             dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
+           };
          }
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           if (!navigator.geolocation || !navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition) return;
-           _button = selection.append('button').on('click', click).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-geolocate', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(_t.html('geolocate.title')).keys([_t('geolocate.key')]));
-           context.keybinding().on(_t('geolocate.key'), click);
+         textarea.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+           utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '').attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+         };
+
+         textarea.focus = function () {
+           input.node().focus();
          };
+
+         return utilRebind(textarea, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiPanelBackground(context) {
-         var background = context.background();
-         var _currSourceName = null;
-         var _metadata = {};
-         var _metadataKeys = ['zoom', 'vintage', 'source', 'description', 'resolution', 'accuracy'];
+       var $ = _export;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var toLength = toLength$q;
+       var notARegExp = notARegexp;
+       var requireObjectCoercible = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var correctIsRegExpLogic = correctIsRegexpLogic;
 
-         var debouncedRedraw = debounce(redraw, 250);
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-string-prototype-endswith -- safe
+       var $endsWith = ''.endsWith;
+       var min = Math.min;
 
-         function redraw(selection) {
-           var source = background.baseLayerSource();
-           if (!source) return;
-           var isDG = source.id.match(/^DigitalGlobe/i) !== null;
-           var sourceLabel = source.label();
+       var CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC = correctIsRegExpLogic('endsWith');
+       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/pull/702
+       var MDN_POLYFILL_BUG = !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC && !!function () {
+         var descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor(String.prototype, 'endsWith');
+         return descriptor && !descriptor.writable;
+       }();
 
-           if (_currSourceName !== sourceLabel) {
-             _currSourceName = sourceLabel;
-             _metadata = {};
-           }
+       // `String.prototype.endsWith` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.endswith
+       $({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: !MDN_POLYFILL_BUG && !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC }, {
+         endsWith: function endsWith(searchString /* , endPosition = @length */) {
+           var that = String(requireObjectCoercible(this));
+           notARegExp(searchString);
+           var endPosition = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
+           var len = toLength(that.length);
+           var end = endPosition === undefined ? len : min(toLength(endPosition), len);
+           var search = String(searchString);
+           return $endsWith
+             ? $endsWith.call(that, search, end)
+             : that.slice(end - search.length, end) === search;
+         }
+       });
 
-           selection.html('');
-           var list = selection.append('ul').attr('class', 'background-info');
-           list.append('li').html(_currSourceName);
+       function uiFieldWikidata(field, context) {
+         var wikidata = services.wikidata;
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
 
-           _metadataKeys.forEach(function (k) {
-             // DigitalGlobe vintage is available in raster layers for now.
-             if (isDG && k === 'vintage') return;
-             list.append('li').attr('class', 'background-info-list-' + k).classed('hide', !_metadata[k]).html(_t.html('info_panels.background.' + k) + ':').append('span').attr('class', 'background-info-span-' + k).html(_metadata[k]);
-           });
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-           debouncedGetMetadata(selection);
-           var toggleTiles = context.getDebug('tile') ? 'hide_tiles' : 'show_tiles';
-           selection.append('a').html(_t.html('info_panels.background.' + toggleTiles)).attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'button button-toggle-tiles').on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.setDebug('tile', !context.getDebug('tile'));
-             selection.call(redraw);
-           });
+         var _searchInput = select(null);
 
-           if (isDG) {
-             var key = source.id + '-vintage';
-             var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
-             var showsVintage = context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage);
-             var toggleVintage = showsVintage ? 'hide_vintage' : 'show_vintage';
-             selection.append('a').html(_t.html('info_panels.background.' + toggleVintage)).attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'button button-toggle-vintage').on('click', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
-               selection.call(redraw);
-             });
-           } // disable if necessary
+         var _qid = null;
+         var _wikidataEntity = null;
+         var _wikiURL = '';
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
+         var _wikipediaKey = field.keys && field.keys.find(function (key) {
+           return key.includes('wikipedia');
+         }),
+             _hintKey = field.key === 'wikidata' ? 'name' : field.key.split(':')[0];
 
-           ['DigitalGlobe-Premium', 'DigitalGlobe-Standard'].forEach(function (layerId) {
-             if (source.id !== layerId) {
-               var key = layerId + '-vintage';
-               var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
+         var combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid).caseSensitive(true).minItems(1);
 
-               if (context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage)) {
-                 context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
-               }
+         function wiki(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var list = wrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(list);
+           var searchRow = list.selectAll('li.wikidata-search').data([0]);
+           var searchRowEnter = searchRow.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'wikidata-search');
+           searchRowEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('id', field.domId).style('flex', '1').call(utilNoAuto).on('focus', function () {
+             var node = select(this).node();
+             node.setSelectionRange(0, node.value.length);
+           }).on('blur', function () {
+             setLabelForEntity();
+           }).call(combobox.fetcher(fetchWikidataItems));
+           combobox.on('accept', function (d) {
+             if (d) {
+               _qid = d.id;
+               change();
              }
+           }).on('cancel', function () {
+             setLabelForEntity();
            });
-         }
-
-         var debouncedGetMetadata = debounce(getMetadata, 250);
+           searchRowEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link').attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', {
+             domain: 'wikidata.org'
+           })).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (_wikiURL) window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank');
+           });
+           searchRow = searchRow.merge(searchRowEnter);
+           _searchInput = searchRow.select('input');
+           var wikidataProperties = ['description', 'identifier'];
+           var items = list.selectAll('li.labeled-input').data(wikidataProperties); // Enter
 
-         function getMetadata(selection) {
-           var tile = context.container().select('.layer-background img.tile-center'); // tile near viewport center
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'labeled-input preset-wikidata-' + d;
+           });
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('wikidata.' + d);
+           });
+           enter.append('input').attr('type', 'text').call(utilNoAuto).classed('disabled', 'true').attr('readonly', 'true');
+           enter.append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button').attr('title', _t('icons.copy')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-copy')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             select(this.parentNode).select('input').node().select();
+             document.execCommand('copy');
+           });
+         }
 
-           if (tile.empty()) return;
-           var sourceName = _currSourceName;
-           var d = tile.datum();
-           var zoom = d && d.length >= 3 && d[2] || Math.floor(context.map().zoom());
-           var center = context.map().center(); // update zoom
+         function fetchWikidataItems(q, callback) {
+           if (!q && _hintKey) {
+             // other tags may be good search terms
+             for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
 
-           _metadata.zoom = String(zoom);
-           selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-zoom').classed('hide', false).selectAll('.background-info-span-zoom').html(_metadata.zoom);
-           if (!d || !d.length >= 3) return;
-           background.baseLayerSource().getMetadata(center, d, function (err, result) {
-             if (err || _currSourceName !== sourceName) return; // update vintage
+               if (entity.tags[_hintKey]) {
+                 q = entity.tags[_hintKey];
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-             var vintage = result.vintage;
-             _metadata.vintage = vintage && vintage.range || _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
-             selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-vintage').classed('hide', false).selectAll('.background-info-span-vintage').html(_metadata.vintage); // update other _metadata
+           wikidata.itemsForSearchQuery(q, function (err, data) {
+             if (err) return;
 
-             _metadataKeys.forEach(function (k) {
-               if (k === 'zoom' || k === 'vintage') return; // done already
+             for (var i in data) {
+               data[i].value = data[i].label + ' (' + data[i].id + ')';
+               data[i].title = data[i].description;
+             }
 
-               var val = result[k];
-               _metadata[k] = val;
-               selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-' + k).classed('hide', !val).selectAll('.background-info-span-' + k).html(val);
-             });
+             if (callback) callback(data);
            });
          }
 
-         var panel = function panel(selection) {
-           selection.call(redraw);
-           context.map().on('drawn.info-background', function () {
-             selection.call(debouncedRedraw);
-           }).on('move.info-background', function () {
-             selection.call(debouncedGetMetadata);
-           });
-         };
+         function change() {
+           var syncTags = {};
+           syncTags[field.key] = _qid;
+           dispatch.call('change', this, syncTags); // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
 
-         panel.off = function () {
-           context.map().on('drawn.info-background', null).on('move.info-background', null);
-         };
+           var initGraph = context.graph();
+           var initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;
+           wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function (err, entity) {
+             if (err) return; // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
 
-         panel.id = 'background';
-         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.background.title');
-         panel.key = _t('info_panels.background.key');
-         return panel;
-       }
+             if (context.graph() !== initGraph) return;
+             if (!entity.sitelinks) return;
+             var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery(); // use the label and description languages as fallbacks
+
+             ['labels', 'descriptions'].forEach(function (key) {
+               if (!entity[key]) return;
+               var valueLangs = Object.keys(entity[key]);
+               if (valueLangs.length === 0) return;
+               var valueLang = valueLangs[0];
+
+               if (langs.indexOf(valueLang) === -1) {
+                 langs.push(valueLang);
+               }
+             });
+             var newWikipediaValue;
+
+             if (_wikipediaKey) {
+               var foundPreferred;
 
-       function uiPanelHistory(context) {
-         var osm;
+               for (var i in langs) {
+                 var lang = langs[i];
+                 var siteID = lang.replace('-', '_') + 'wiki';
 
-         function displayTimestamp(timestamp) {
-           if (!timestamp) return _t('info_panels.history.unknown');
-           var options = {
-             day: 'numeric',
-             month: 'short',
-             year: 'numeric',
-             hour: 'numeric',
-             minute: 'numeric',
-             second: 'numeric'
-           };
-           var d = new Date(timestamp);
-           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return _t('info_panels.history.unknown');
-           return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-         }
+                 if (entity.sitelinks[siteID]) {
+                   foundPreferred = true;
+                   newWikipediaValue = lang + ':' + entity.sitelinks[siteID].title; // use the first match
 
-         function displayUser(selection, userName) {
-           if (!userName) {
-             selection.append('span').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.unknown'));
-             return;
-           }
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           selection.append('span').attr('class', 'user-name').html(userName);
-           var links = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'links');
+               if (!foundPreferred) {
+                 // No wikipedia sites available in the user's language or the fallback languages,
+                 // default to any wikipedia sitelink
+                 var wikiSiteKeys = Object.keys(entity.sitelinks).filter(function (site) {
+                   return site.endsWith('wiki');
+                 });
 
-           if (osm) {
-             links.append('a').attr('class', 'user-osm-link').attr('href', osm.userURL(userName)).attr('target', '_blank').html('OSM');
-           }
+                 if (wikiSiteKeys.length === 0) {
+                   // if no wikipedia pages are linked to this wikidata entity, delete that tag
+                   newWikipediaValue = null;
+                 } else {
+                   var wikiLang = wikiSiteKeys[0].slice(0, -4).replace('_', '-');
+                   var wikiTitle = entity.sitelinks[wikiSiteKeys[0]].title;
+                   newWikipediaValue = wikiLang + ':' + wikiTitle;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           links.append('a').attr('class', 'user-hdyc-link').attr('href', 'https://hdyc.neis-one.org/?' + userName).attr('target', '_blank').attr('tabindex', -1).html('HDYC');
-         }
+             if (newWikipediaValue) {
+               newWikipediaValue = context.cleanTagValue(newWikipediaValue);
+             }
 
-         function displayChangeset(selection, changeset) {
-           if (!changeset) {
-             selection.append('span').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.unknown'));
-             return;
-           }
+             if (typeof newWikipediaValue === 'undefined') return;
+             var actions = initEntityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+               if (!entity) return null;
+               var currTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           selection.append('span').attr('class', 'changeset-id').html(changeset);
-           var links = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'links');
+               if (newWikipediaValue === null) {
+                 if (!currTags[_wikipediaKey]) return null;
+                 delete currTags[_wikipediaKey];
+               } else {
+                 currTags[_wikipediaKey] = newWikipediaValue;
+               }
 
-           if (osm) {
-             links.append('a').attr('class', 'changeset-osm-link').attr('href', osm.changesetURL(changeset)).attr('target', '_blank').html('OSM');
-           }
+               return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+             if (!actions.length) return; // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
 
-           links.append('a').attr('class', 'changeset-osmcha-link').attr('href', 'https://osmcha.org/changesets/' + changeset).attr('target', '_blank').html('OSMCha');
-           links.append('a').attr('class', 'changeset-achavi-link').attr('href', 'https://overpass-api.de/achavi/?changeset=' + changeset).attr('target', '_blank').html('Achavi');
+             context.overwrite(function actionUpdateWikipediaTags(graph) {
+               actions.forEach(function (action) {
+                 graph = action(graph);
+               });
+               return graph;
+             }, context.history().undoAnnotation()); // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
+             // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
+           });
          }
 
-         function redraw(selection) {
-           var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
-           osm = context.connection();
-           var selected, note, entity;
+         function setLabelForEntity() {
+           var label = '';
 
-           if (selectedNoteID && osm) {
-             // selected 1 note
-             selected = [_t('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID];
-             note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
-           } else {
-             // selected 1..n entities
-             selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (e) {
-               return context.hasEntity(e);
-             });
+           if (_wikidataEntity) {
+             label = entityPropertyForDisplay(_wikidataEntity, 'labels');
 
-             if (selected.length) {
-               entity = context.entity(selected[0]);
+             if (label.length === 0) {
+               label = _wikidataEntity.id.toString();
              }
            }
 
-           var singular = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0] : null;
-           selection.html('');
-           selection.append('h4').attr('class', 'history-heading').html(singular || _t.html('info_panels.selected', {
-             n: selected.length
-           }));
-           if (!singular) return;
-
-           if (entity) {
-             selection.call(redrawEntity, entity);
-           } else if (note) {
-             selection.call(redrawNote, note);
-           }
+           utilGetSetValue(_searchInput, label);
          }
 
-         function redrawNote(selection, note) {
-           if (!note || note.isNew()) {
-             selection.append('div').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_no_history'));
-             return;
-           }
-
-           var list = selection.append('ul');
-           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_comments') + ':').append('span').html(note.comments.length);
+         wiki.tags = function (tags) {
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
 
-           if (note.comments.length) {
-             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_created_date') + ':').append('span').html(displayTimestamp(note.comments[0].date));
-             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_created_user') + ':').call(displayUser, note.comments[0].user);
-           }
+           _searchInput.attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : '').classed('mixed', isMixed);
 
-           if (osm) {
-             selection.append('a').attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', osm.noteURL(note)).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.note_link_text'));
-           }
-         }
+           _qid = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' && tags[field.key] || '';
 
-         function redrawEntity(selection, entity) {
-           if (!entity || entity.isNew()) {
-             selection.append('div').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.no_history'));
+           if (!/^Q[0-9]*$/.test(_qid)) {
+             // not a proper QID
+             unrecognized();
              return;
-           }
+           } // QID value in correct format
 
-           var links = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'links');
 
-           if (osm) {
-             links.append('a').attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm').attr('href', osm.historyURL(entity)).attr('target', '_blank').attr('title', _t('info_panels.history.link_text')).html('OSM');
-           }
+           _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/' + _qid;
+           wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function (err, entity) {
+             if (err) {
+               unrecognized();
+               return;
+             }
 
-           links.append('a').attr('class', 'pewu-history-viewer-link').attr('href', 'https://pewu.github.io/osm-history/#/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId()).attr('target', '_blank').attr('tabindex', -1).html('PeWu');
-           var list = selection.append('ul');
-           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.version') + ':').append('span').html(entity.version);
-           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.last_edit') + ':').append('span').html(displayTimestamp(entity.timestamp));
-           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.edited_by') + ':').call(displayUser, entity.user);
-           list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.history.changeset') + ':').call(displayChangeset, entity.changeset);
-         }
+             _wikidataEntity = entity;
+             setLabelForEntity();
+             var description = entityPropertyForDisplay(entity, 'descriptions');
 
-         var panel = function panel(selection) {
-           selection.call(redraw);
-           context.map().on('drawn.info-history', function () {
-             selection.call(redraw);
-           });
-           context.on('enter.info-history', function () {
-             selection.call(redraw);
-           });
-         };
+             _selection.select('button.wiki-link').classed('disabled', false);
 
-         panel.off = function () {
-           context.map().on('drawn.info-history', null);
-           context.on('enter.info-history', null);
-         };
+             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description').style('display', function () {
+               return description.length > 0 ? 'flex' : 'none';
+             }).select('input').attr('value', description);
 
-         panel.id = 'history';
-         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.history.title');
-         panel.key = _t('info_panels.history.key');
-         return panel;
-       }
+             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier').style('display', function () {
+               return entity.id ? 'flex' : 'none';
+             }).select('input').attr('value', entity.id);
+           }); // not a proper QID
 
-       var OSM_PRECISION = 7;
-       /**
-        * Returns a localized representation of the given length measurement.
-        *
-        * @param {Number} m area in meters
-        * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
-        */
+           function unrecognized() {
+             _wikidataEntity = null;
+             setLabelForEntity();
 
-       function displayLength(m, isImperial) {
-         var d = m * (isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1);
-         var unit;
+             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description').style('display', 'none');
 
-         if (isImperial) {
-           if (d >= 5280) {
-             d /= 5280;
-             unit = 'miles';
-           } else {
-             unit = 'feet';
-           }
-         } else {
-           if (d >= 1000) {
-             d /= 1000;
-             unit = 'kilometers';
-           } else {
-             unit = 'meters';
+             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier').style('display', 'none');
+
+             _selection.select('button.wiki-link').classed('disabled', true);
+
+             if (_qid && _qid !== '') {
+               _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=' + _qid;
+             } else {
+               _wikiURL = '';
+             }
            }
-         }
+         };
 
-         return _t('units.' + unit, {
-           quantity: d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), {
-             maximumSignificantDigits: 4
-           })
-         });
-       }
-       /**
-        * Returns a localized representation of the given area measurement.
-        *
-        * @param {Number} m2 area in square meters
-        * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
-        */
+         function entityPropertyForDisplay(wikidataEntity, propKey) {
+           if (!wikidataEntity[propKey]) return '';
+           var propObj = wikidataEntity[propKey];
+           var langKeys = Object.keys(propObj);
+           if (langKeys.length === 0) return ''; // sorted by priority, since we want to show the user's language first if possible
 
-       function displayArea(m2, isImperial) {
-         var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
-         var d = m2 * (isImperial ? 10.7639111056 : 1);
-         var d1, d2, area;
-         var unit1 = '';
-         var unit2 = '';
+           var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery();
 
-         if (isImperial) {
-           if (d >= 6969600) {
-             // > 0.25mi² show mi²
-             d1 = d / 27878400;
-             unit1 = 'square_miles';
-           } else {
-             d1 = d;
-             unit1 = 'square_feet';
-           }
+           for (var i in langs) {
+             var lang = langs[i];
+             var valueObj = propObj[lang];
+             if (valueObj && valueObj.value && valueObj.value.length > 0) return valueObj.value;
+           } // default to any available value
 
-           if (d > 4356 && d < 43560000) {
-             // 0.1 - 1000 acres
-             d2 = d / 43560;
-             unit2 = 'acres';
-           }
-         } else {
-           if (d >= 250000) {
-             // > 0.25km² show km²
-             d1 = d / 1000000;
-             unit1 = 'square_kilometers';
-           } else {
-             d1 = d;
-             unit1 = 'square_meters';
-           }
 
-           if (d > 1000 && d < 10000000) {
-             // 0.1 - 1000 hectares
-             d2 = d / 10000;
-             unit2 = 'hectares';
-           }
+           return propObj[langKeys[0]].value;
          }
 
-         area = _t('units.' + unit1, {
-           quantity: d1.toLocaleString(locale, {
-             maximumSignificantDigits: 4
-           })
-         });
+         wiki.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return wiki;
+         };
 
-         if (d2) {
-           return _t('units.area_pair', {
-             area1: area,
-             area2: _t('units.' + unit2, {
-               quantity: d2.toLocaleString(locale, {
-                 maximumSignificantDigits: 2
-               })
-             })
-           });
-         } else {
-           return area;
-         }
-       }
+         wiki.focus = function () {
+           _searchInput.node().focus();
+         };
 
-       function wrap$2(x, min, max) {
-         var d = max - min;
-         return ((x - min) % d + d) % d + min;
+         return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function clamp$1(x, min, max) {
-         return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
-       }
+       function uiFieldWikipedia(field, context) {
+         var _arguments = arguments;
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
+         var wikidata = services.wikidata;
 
-       function displayCoordinate(deg, pos, neg) {
-         var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
-         var min = (Math.abs(deg) - Math.floor(Math.abs(deg))) * 60;
-         var sec = (min - Math.floor(min)) * 60;
-         var displayDegrees = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
-           quantity: Math.floor(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
-         });
-         var displayCoordinate;
+         var _langInput = select(null);
 
-         if (Math.floor(sec) > 0) {
-           displayCoordinate = displayDegrees + _t('units.arcminutes', {
-             quantity: Math.floor(min).toLocaleString(locale)
-           }) + _t('units.arcseconds', {
-             quantity: Math.round(sec).toLocaleString(locale)
-           });
-         } else if (Math.floor(min) > 0) {
-           displayCoordinate = displayDegrees + _t('units.arcminutes', {
-             quantity: Math.round(min).toLocaleString(locale)
-           });
-         } else {
-           displayCoordinate = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
-             quantity: Math.round(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
-           });
-         }
+         var _titleInput = select(null);
 
-         if (deg === 0) {
-           return displayCoordinate;
-         } else {
-           return _t('units.coordinate', {
-             coordinate: displayCoordinate,
-             direction: _t('units.' + (deg > 0 ? pos : neg))
-           });
-         }
-       }
-       /**
-        * Returns given coordinate pair in degree-minute-second format.
-        *
-        * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
-        */
+         var _wikiURL = '';
 
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-       function dmsCoordinatePair(coord) {
-         return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
-           latitude: displayCoordinate(clamp$1(coord[1], -90, 90), 'north', 'south'),
-           longitude: displayCoordinate(wrap$2(coord[0], -180, 180), 'east', 'west')
-         });
-       }
-       /**
-        * Returns the given coordinate pair in decimal format.
-        * note: unlocalized to avoid comma ambiguity - see #4765
-        *
-        * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
-        */
+         var _tags;
 
-       function decimalCoordinatePair(coord) {
-         return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
-           latitude: clamp$1(coord[1], -90, 90).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION),
-           longitude: wrap$2(coord[0], -180, 180).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION)
+         var _dataWikipedia = [];
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('wmf_sitematrix').then(function (d) {
+           _dataWikipedia = d;
+           if (_tags) updateForTags(_tags);
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
          });
-       }
+         var langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-lang').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+           var v = value.toLowerCase();
+           callback(_dataWikipedia.filter(function (d) {
+             return d[0].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d[1].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d[2].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return {
+               value: d[1]
+             };
+           }));
+         });
+         var titleCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-title').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+           if (!value) {
+             value = '';
 
-       function uiPanelLocation(context) {
-         var currLocation = '';
+             for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
 
-         function redraw(selection) {
-           selection.html('');
-           var list = selection.append('ul'); // Mouse coordinates
+               if (entity.tags.name) {
+                 value = entity.tags.name;
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           var coord = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
+           var searchfn = value.length > 7 ? wikipedia.search : wikipedia.suggestions;
+           searchfn(language()[2], value, function (query, data) {
+             callback(data.map(function (d) {
+               return {
+                 value: d
+               };
+             }));
+           });
+         });
 
-           if (coord.some(isNaN)) {
-             coord = context.map().center();
-           }
+         function wiki(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', "form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-".concat(field.type)).merge(wrap);
+           var langContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-lang-container').data([0]);
+           langContainer = langContainer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'wiki-lang-container').merge(langContainer);
+           _langInput = langContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-lang').data([0]);
+           _langInput = _langInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'wiki-lang').attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language')).call(utilNoAuto).call(langCombo).merge(_langInput);
 
-           list.append('li').html(dmsCoordinatePair(coord)).append('li').html(decimalCoordinatePair(coord)); // Location Info
+           _langInput.on('blur', changeLang).on('change', changeLang);
 
-           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'location-info').html(currLocation || ' ');
-           debouncedGetLocation(selection, coord);
-         }
+           var titleContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-title-container').data([0]);
+           titleContainer = titleContainer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'wiki-title-container').merge(titleContainer);
+           _titleInput = titleContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-title').data([0]);
+           _titleInput = _titleInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'wiki-title').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).call(titleCombo).merge(_titleInput);
 
-         var debouncedGetLocation = debounce(getLocation, 250);
+           _titleInput.on('blur', function () {
+             change(true);
+           }).on('change', function () {
+             change(false);
+           });
 
-         function getLocation(selection, coord) {
-           if (!services.geocoder) {
-             currLocation = _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
-             selection.selectAll('.location-info').html(currLocation);
-           } else {
-             services.geocoder.reverse(coord, function (err, result) {
-               currLocation = result ? result.display_name : _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
-               selection.selectAll('.location-info').html(currLocation);
-             });
-           }
+           var link = titleContainer.selectAll('.wiki-link').data([0]);
+           link = link.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link').attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', {
+             domain: 'wikipedia.org'
+           })).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).merge(link);
+           link.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (_wikiURL) window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank');
+           });
          }
 
-         var panel = function panel(selection) {
-           selection.call(redraw);
-           context.surface().on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'move.info-location', function () {
-             selection.call(redraw);
-           });
-         };
+         function defaultLanguageInfo(skipEnglishFallback) {
+           var langCode = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
 
-         panel.off = function () {
-           context.surface().on('.info-location', null);
-         };
+           for (var i in _dataWikipedia) {
+             var d = _dataWikipedia[i]; // default to the language of iD's current locale
 
-         panel.id = 'location';
-         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.location.title');
-         panel.key = _t('info_panels.location.key');
-         return panel;
-       }
+             if (d[2] === langCode) return d;
+           } // fallback to English
 
-       function uiPanelMeasurement(context) {
-         function radiansToMeters(r) {
-           // using WGS84 authalic radius (6371007.1809 m)
-           return r * 6371007.1809;
-         }
 
-         function steradiansToSqmeters(r) {
-           // http://gis.stackexchange.com/a/124857/40446
-           return r / (4 * Math.PI) * 510065621724000;
+           return skipEnglishFallback ? ['', '', ''] : ['English', 'English', 'en'];
          }
 
-         function toLineString(feature) {
-           if (feature.type === 'LineString') return feature;
-           var result = {
-             type: 'LineString',
-             coordinates: []
-           };
+         function language(skipEnglishFallback) {
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(_langInput).toLowerCase();
+
+           for (var i in _dataWikipedia) {
+             var d = _dataWikipedia[i]; // return the language already set in the UI, if supported
+
+             if (d[0].toLowerCase() === value || d[1].toLowerCase() === value || d[2] === value) return d;
+           } // fallback to English
 
-           if (feature.type === 'Polygon') {
-             result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0];
-           } else if (feature.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
-             result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0][0];
-           }
 
-           return result;
+           return defaultLanguageInfo(skipEnglishFallback);
          }
 
-         var _isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();
+         function changeLang() {
+           utilGetSetValue(_langInput, language()[1]);
+           change(true);
+         }
 
-         function redraw(selection) {
-           var graph = context.graph();
-           var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
-           var osm = services.osm;
-           var localeCode = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
-           var heading;
-           var center, location, centroid;
-           var closed, geometry;
-           var totalNodeCount,
-               length = 0,
-               area = 0,
-               distance;
+         function change(skipWikidata) {
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(_titleInput);
+           var m = value.match(/https?:\/\/([-a-z]+)\.wikipedia\.org\/(?:wiki|\1-[-a-z]+)\/([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
 
-           if (selectedNoteID && osm) {
-             // selected 1 note
-             var note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
-             heading = _t('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID;
-             location = note.loc;
-             geometry = 'note';
-           } else {
-             // selected 1..n entities
-             var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (id) {
-               return context.hasEntity(id);
-             });
-             var selected = selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
-               return context.entity(id);
-             });
-             heading = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0].id : _t('info_panels.selected', {
-               n: selected.length
-             });
+           var langInfo = m && _dataWikipedia.find(function (d) {
+             return m[1] === d[2];
+           });
 
-             if (selected.length) {
-               var extent = geoExtent();
+           var syncTags = {};
 
-               for (var i in selected) {
-                 var entity = selected[i];
+           if (langInfo) {
+             var nativeLangName = langInfo[1]; // Normalize title http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Query#Title_normalization
 
-                 extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
+             value = decodeURIComponent(m[2]).replace(/_/g, ' ');
 
-                 geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+             if (m[3]) {
+               var anchor; // try {
+               // leave this out for now - #6232
+               // Best-effort `anchordecode:` implementation
+               // anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3].replace(/\.([0-9A-F]{2})/g, '%$1'));
+               // } catch (e) {
 
-                 if (geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area') {
-                   closed = entity.type === 'relation' || entity.isClosed() && !entity.isDegenerate();
-                   var feature = entity.asGeoJSON(graph);
-                   length += radiansToMeters(d3_geoLength(toLineString(feature))); // d3_geoCentroid is wrong for counterclockwise-wound polygons, so wind them clockwise
+               anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3]); // }
 
-                   centroid = d3_geoCentroid(geojsonRewind(Object.assign({}, feature), true));
+               value += '#' + anchor.replace(/_/g, ' ');
+             }
 
-                   if (closed) {
-                     area += steradiansToSqmeters(entity.area(graph));
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
+             value = value.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + value.slice(1);
+             utilGetSetValue(_langInput, nativeLangName);
+             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
+           }
 
-               if (selected.length > 1) {
-                 geometry = null;
-                 closed = null;
-                 centroid = null;
-               }
+           if (value) {
+             syncTags.wikipedia = context.cleanTagValue(language()[2] + ':' + value);
+           } else {
+             syncTags.wikipedia = undefined;
+           }
 
-               if (selected.length === 2 && selected[0].type === 'node' && selected[1].type === 'node') {
-                 distance = geoSphericalDistance(selected[0].loc, selected[1].loc);
-               }
+           dispatch.call('change', this, syncTags);
+           if (skipWikidata || !value || !language()[2]) return; // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
 
-               if (selected.length === 1 && selected[0].type === 'node') {
-                 location = selected[0].loc;
-               } else {
-                 totalNodeCount = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).length;
-               }
+           var initGraph = context.graph();
+           var initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;
+           wikidata.itemsByTitle(language()[2], value, function (err, data) {
+             if (err || !data || !Object.keys(data).length) return; // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
 
-               if (!location && !centroid) {
-                 center = extent.center();
-               }
-             }
-           }
+             if (context.graph() !== initGraph) return;
+             var qids = Object.keys(data);
+             var value = qids && qids.find(function (id) {
+               return id.match(/^Q\d+$/);
+             });
+             var actions = initEntityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+               var entity = context.entity(entityID).tags;
+               var currTags = Object.assign({}, entity); // shallow copy
 
-           selection.html('');
+               if (currTags.wikidata !== value) {
+                 currTags.wikidata = value;
+                 return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
+               }
 
-           if (heading) {
-             selection.append('h4').attr('class', 'measurement-heading').html(heading);
-           }
+               return null;
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+             if (!actions.length) return; // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
 
-           var list = selection.append('ul');
-           var coordItem;
+             context.overwrite(function actionUpdateWikidataTags(graph) {
+               actions.forEach(function (action) {
+                 graph = action(graph);
+               });
+               return graph;
+             }, context.history().undoAnnotation()); // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
+             // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
+           });
+         }
 
-           if (geometry) {
-             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.geometry') + ':').append('span').html(closed ? _t('info_panels.measurement.closed_' + geometry) : _t('geometry.' + geometry));
-           }
+         wiki.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           updateForTags(tags);
+         };
 
-           if (totalNodeCount) {
-             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.node_count') + ':').append('span').html(totalNodeCount.toLocaleString(localeCode));
-           }
+         function updateForTags(tags) {
+           var value = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : ''; // Expect tag format of `tagLang:tagArticleTitle`, e.g. `fr:Paris`, with
+           // optional suffix of `#anchor`
 
-           if (area) {
-             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.area') + ':').append('span').html(displayArea(area, _isImperial));
-           }
+           var m = value.match(/([^:]+):([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
+           var tagLang = m && m[1];
+           var tagArticleTitle = m && m[2];
+           var anchor = m && m[3];
 
-           if (length) {
-             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.' + (closed ? 'perimeter' : 'length')) + ':').append('span').html(displayLength(length, _isImperial));
-           }
+           var tagLangInfo = tagLang && _dataWikipedia.find(function (d) {
+             return tagLang === d[2];
+           }); // value in correct format
 
-           if (typeof distance === 'number') {
-             list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.distance') + ':').append('span').html(displayLength(distance, _isImperial));
-           }
 
-           if (location) {
-             coordItem = list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.location') + ':');
-             coordItem.append('span').html(dmsCoordinatePair(location));
-             coordItem.append('span').html(decimalCoordinatePair(location));
-           }
+           if (tagLangInfo) {
+             var nativeLangName = tagLangInfo[1];
+             utilGetSetValue(_langInput, nativeLangName);
+             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, tagArticleTitle + (anchor ? '#' + anchor : ''));
 
-           if (centroid) {
-             coordItem = list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.centroid') + ':');
-             coordItem.append('span').html(dmsCoordinatePair(centroid));
-             coordItem.append('span').html(decimalCoordinatePair(centroid));
-           }
+             if (anchor) {
+               try {
+                 // Best-effort `anchorencode:` implementation
+                 anchor = encodeURIComponent(anchor.replace(/ /g, '_')).replace(/%/g, '.');
+               } catch (e) {
+                 anchor = anchor.replace(/ /g, '_');
+               }
+             }
 
-           if (center) {
-             coordItem = list.append('li').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.center') + ':');
-             coordItem.append('span').html(dmsCoordinatePair(center));
-             coordItem.append('span').html(decimalCoordinatePair(center));
-           }
+             _wikiURL = 'https://' + tagLang + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + tagArticleTitle.replace(/ /g, '_') + (anchor ? '#' + anchor : ''); // unrecognized value format
+           } else {
+             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
 
-           if (length || area || typeof distance === 'number') {
-             var toggle = _isImperial ? 'imperial' : 'metric';
-             selection.append('a').html(_t.html('info_panels.measurement.' + toggle)).attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'button button-toggle-units').on('click', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               _isImperial = !_isImperial;
-               selection.call(redraw);
-             });
+             if (value && value !== '') {
+               utilGetSetValue(_langInput, '');
+               var defaultLangInfo = defaultLanguageInfo();
+               _wikiURL = "https://".concat(defaultLangInfo[2], ".wikipedia.org/w/index.php?fulltext=1&search=").concat(value);
+             } else {
+               var shownOrDefaultLangInfo = language(true
+               /* skipEnglishFallback */
+               );
+               utilGetSetValue(_langInput, shownOrDefaultLangInfo[1]);
+               _wikiURL = '';
+             }
            }
          }
 
-         var panel = function panel(selection) {
-           selection.call(redraw);
-           context.map().on('drawn.info-measurement', function () {
-             selection.call(redraw);
-           });
-           context.on('enter.info-measurement', function () {
-             selection.call(redraw);
-           });
+         wiki.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!_arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return wiki;
          };
 
-         panel.off = function () {
-           context.map().on('drawn.info-measurement', null);
-           context.on('enter.info-measurement', null);
+         wiki.focus = function () {
+           _titleInput.node().focus();
          };
 
-         panel.id = 'measurement';
-         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.measurement.title');
-         panel.key = _t('info_panels.measurement.key');
-         return panel;
+         return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch, 'on');
        }
+       uiFieldWikipedia.supportsMultiselection = false;
 
-       var uiInfoPanels = {
-         background: uiPanelBackground,
-         history: uiPanelHistory,
-         location: uiPanelLocation,
-         measurement: uiPanelMeasurement
+       var uiFields = {
+         access: uiFieldAccess,
+         address: uiFieldAddress,
+         check: uiFieldCheck,
+         combo: uiFieldCombo,
+         cycleway: uiFieldCycleway,
+         defaultCheck: uiFieldCheck,
+         email: uiFieldText,
+         identifier: uiFieldText,
+         lanes: uiFieldLanes,
+         localized: uiFieldLocalized,
+         roadheight: uiFieldRoadheight,
+         roadspeed: uiFieldRoadspeed,
+         manyCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         multiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         networkCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         number: uiFieldText,
+         onewayCheck: uiFieldCheck,
+         radio: uiFieldRadio,
+         restrictions: uiFieldRestrictions,
+         semiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         structureRadio: uiFieldRadio,
+         tel: uiFieldText,
+         text: uiFieldText,
+         textarea: uiFieldTextarea,
+         typeCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         url: uiFieldText,
+         wikidata: uiFieldWikidata,
+         wikipedia: uiFieldWikipedia
        };
 
-       function uiInfo(context) {
-         var ids = Object.keys(uiInfoPanels);
-         var wasActive = ['measurement'];
-         var panels = {};
-         var active = {}; // create panels
+       function uiField(context, presetField, entityIDs, options) {
+         options = Object.assign({
+           show: true,
+           wrap: true,
+           remove: true,
+           revert: true,
+           info: true
+         }, options);
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change', 'revert');
+         var field = Object.assign({}, presetField); // shallow copy
 
-         ids.forEach(function (k) {
-           if (!panels[k]) {
-             panels[k] = uiInfoPanels[k](context);
-             active[k] = false;
-           }
-         });
+         field.domId = utilUniqueDomId('form-field-' + field.safeid);
+         var _show = options.show;
+         var _state = '';
+         var _tags = {};
 
-         function info(selection) {
-           function redraw() {
-             var activeids = ids.filter(function (k) {
-               return active[k];
-             }).sort();
-             var containers = infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-container').data(activeids, function (k) {
-               return k;
-             });
-             containers.exit().style('opacity', 1).transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).on('end', function (d) {
-               select(this).call(panels[d].off).remove();
-             });
-             var enter = containers.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-               return 'fillD2 panel-container panel-container-' + d;
-             });
-             enter.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 1);
-             var title = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'panel-title fillD2');
-             title.append('h3').html(function (d) {
-               return panels[d].label;
-             });
-             title.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-               d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               info.toggle(d);
-             }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-             enter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-               return 'panel-content panel-content-' + d;
-             }); // redraw the panels
+         var _entityExtent;
 
-             infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-content').each(function (d) {
-               select(this).call(panels[d]);
-             });
-           }
+         if (entityIDs && entityIDs.length) {
+           _entityExtent = entityIDs.reduce(function (extent, entityID) {
+             var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
+             return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           }, geoExtent());
+         }
 
-           info.toggle = function (which) {
-             var activeids = ids.filter(function (k) {
-               return active[k];
-             });
+         var _locked = false;
 
-             if (which) {
-               // toggle one
-               active[which] = !active[which];
+         var _lockedTip = uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.lock.suggestion', {
+           label: field.label
+         })).placement('bottom');
 
-               if (activeids.length === 1 && activeids[0] === which) {
-                 // none active anymore
-                 wasActive = [which];
-               }
+         field.keys = field.keys || [field.key]; // only create the fields that are actually being shown
 
-               context.container().select('.' + which + '-panel-toggle-item').classed('active', active[which]).select('input').property('checked', active[which]);
-             } else {
-               // toggle all
-               if (activeids.length) {
-                 wasActive = activeids;
-                 activeids.forEach(function (k) {
-                   active[k] = false;
-                 });
-               } else {
-                 wasActive.forEach(function (k) {
-                   active[k] = true;
-                 });
-               }
-             }
+         if (_show && !field.impl) {
+           createField();
+         } // Creates the field.. This is done lazily,
+         // once we know that the field will be shown.
 
-             redraw();
-           };
 
-           var infoPanels = selection.selectAll('.info-panels').data([0]);
-           infoPanels = infoPanels.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'info-panels').merge(infoPanels);
-           redraw();
-           context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('info_panels.key')), function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             info.toggle();
+         function createField() {
+           field.impl = uiFields[field.type](field, context).on('change', function (t, onInput) {
+             dispatch.call('change', field, t, onInput);
            });
-           ids.forEach(function (k) {
-             var key = _t('info_panels.' + k + '.key', {
-               "default": null
-             });
-             if (!key) return;
-             context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘⇧' + key), function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               info.toggle(k);
+
+           if (entityIDs) {
+             field.entityIDs = entityIDs; // if this field cares about the entities, pass them along
+
+             if (field.impl.entityIDs) {
+               field.impl.entityIDs(entityIDs);
+             }
+           }
+         }
+
+         function isModified() {
+           if (!entityIDs || !entityIDs.length) return false;
+           return entityIDs.some(function (entityID) {
+             var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
+             var latest = context.graph().entity(entityID);
+             return field.keys.some(function (key) {
+               return original ? latest.tags[key] !== original.tags[key] : latest.tags[key];
              });
            });
          }
 
-         return info;
-       }
+         function tagsContainFieldKey() {
+           return field.keys.some(function (key) {
+             if (field.type === 'multiCombo') {
+               for (var tagKey in _tags) {
+                 if (tagKey.indexOf(key) === 0) {
+                   return true;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function pointBox(loc, context) {
-         var rect = context.surfaceRect();
-         var point = context.curtainProjection(loc);
-         return {
-           left: point[0] + rect.left - 40,
-           top: point[1] + rect.top - 60,
-           width: 80,
-           height: 90
-         };
-       }
-       function pad(locOrBox, padding, context) {
-         var box;
+               return false;
+             }
 
-         if (locOrBox instanceof Array) {
-           var rect = context.surfaceRect();
-           var point = context.curtainProjection(locOrBox);
-           box = {
-             left: point[0] + rect.left,
-             top: point[1] + rect.top
-           };
-         } else {
-           box = locOrBox;
+             return _tags[key] !== undefined;
+           });
          }
 
-         return {
-           left: box.left - padding,
-           top: box.top - padding,
-           width: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding,
-           height: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding
-         };
-       }
-       function icon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
-         return '<svg class="icon ' + (svgklass || '') + '">' + '<use xlink:href="' + name + '"' + (useklass ? ' class="' + useklass + '"' : '') + '></use></svg>';
-       }
-       var helpStringReplacements; // Returns the localized HTML element for `id` with a standardized set of icon, key, and
-       // label replacements suitable for tutorials and documentation. Optionally supplemented
-       // with custom `replacements`
-
-       function helpHtml(id, replacements) {
-         // only load these the first time
-         if (!helpStringReplacements) helpStringReplacements = {
-           // insert icons corresponding to various UI elements
-           point_icon: icon('#iD-icon-point', 'inline'),
-           line_icon: icon('#iD-icon-line', 'inline'),
-           area_icon: icon('#iD-icon-area', 'inline'),
-           note_icon: icon('#iD-icon-note', 'inline add-note'),
-           plus: icon('#iD-icon-plus', 'inline'),
-           minus: icon('#iD-icon-minus', 'inline'),
-           layers_icon: icon('#iD-icon-layers', 'inline'),
-           data_icon: icon('#iD-icon-data', 'inline'),
-           inspect: icon('#iD-icon-inspect', 'inline'),
-           help_icon: icon('#iD-icon-help', 'inline'),
-           undo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo', 'inline'),
-           redo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-undo' : '#iD-icon-redo', 'inline'),
-           save_icon: icon('#iD-icon-save', 'inline'),
-           // operation icons
-           circularize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-circularize', 'inline operation'),
-           continue_icon: icon('#iD-operation-continue', 'inline operation'),
-           copy_icon: icon('#iD-operation-copy', 'inline operation'),
-           delete_icon: icon('#iD-operation-delete', 'inline operation'),
-           disconnect_icon: icon('#iD-operation-disconnect', 'inline operation'),
-           downgrade_icon: icon('#iD-operation-downgrade', 'inline operation'),
-           extract_icon: icon('#iD-operation-extract', 'inline operation'),
-           merge_icon: icon('#iD-operation-merge', 'inline operation'),
-           move_icon: icon('#iD-operation-move', 'inline operation'),
-           orthogonalize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-orthogonalize', 'inline operation'),
-           paste_icon: icon('#iD-operation-paste', 'inline operation'),
-           reflect_long_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reflect-long', 'inline operation'),
-           reflect_short_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reflect-short', 'inline operation'),
-           reverse_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reverse', 'inline operation'),
-           rotate_icon: icon('#iD-operation-rotate', 'inline operation'),
-           split_icon: icon('#iD-operation-split', 'inline operation'),
-           straighten_icon: icon('#iD-operation-straighten', 'inline operation'),
-           // interaction icons
-           leftclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-left', 'inline operation'),
-           rightclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-right', 'inline operation'),
-           mousewheel_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mousewheel', 'inline operation'),
-           tap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'inline operation'),
-           doubletap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-doubletap', 'inline operation'),
-           longpress_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'inline operation'),
-           touchdrag_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-touchdrag', 'inline operation'),
-           pinch_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-pinch-apart', 'inline operation'),
-           // insert keys; may be localized and platform-dependent
-           shift: uiCmd.display('⇧'),
-           alt: uiCmd.display('⌥'),
-           "return": uiCmd.display('↵'),
-           esc: _t.html('shortcuts.key.esc'),
-           space: _t.html('shortcuts.key.space'),
-           add_note_key: _t.html('modes.add_note.key'),
-           help_key: _t.html('help.key'),
-           shortcuts_key: _t.html('shortcuts.toggle.key'),
-           // reference localized UI labels directly so that they'll always match
-           save: _t.html('save.title'),
-           undo: _t.html('undo.title'),
-           redo: _t.html('redo.title'),
-           upload: _t.html('commit.save'),
-           point: _t.html('modes.add_point.title'),
-           line: _t.html('modes.add_line.title'),
-           area: _t.html('modes.add_area.title'),
-           note: _t.html('modes.add_note.label'),
-           circularize: _t.html('operations.circularize.title'),
-           "continue": _t.html('operations.continue.title'),
-           copy: _t.html('operations.copy.title'),
-           "delete": _t.html('operations.delete.title'),
-           disconnect: _t.html('operations.disconnect.title'),
-           downgrade: _t.html('operations.downgrade.title'),
-           extract: _t.html('operations.extract.title'),
-           merge: _t.html('operations.merge.title'),
-           move: _t.html('operations.move.title'),
-           orthogonalize: _t.html('operations.orthogonalize.title'),
-           paste: _t.html('operations.paste.title'),
-           reflect_long: _t.html('operations.reflect.title.long'),
-           reflect_short: _t.html('operations.reflect.title.short'),
-           reverse: _t.html('operations.reverse.title'),
-           rotate: _t.html('operations.rotate.title'),
-           split: _t.html('operations.split.title'),
-           straighten: _t.html('operations.straighten.title'),
-           map_data: _t.html('map_data.title'),
-           osm_notes: _t.html('map_data.layers.notes.title'),
-           fields: _t.html('inspector.fields'),
-           tags: _t.html('inspector.tags'),
-           relations: _t.html('inspector.relations'),
-           new_relation: _t.html('inspector.new_relation'),
-           turn_restrictions: _t.html('presets.fields.restrictions.label'),
-           background_settings: _t.html('background.description'),
-           imagery_offset: _t.html('background.fix_misalignment'),
-           start_the_walkthrough: _t.html('splash.walkthrough'),
-           help: _t.html('help.title'),
-           ok: _t.html('intro.ok')
-         };
-         var reps;
+         function revert(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           if (!entityIDs || _locked) return;
+           dispatch.call('revert', d, d.keys);
+         }
 
-         if (replacements) {
-           reps = Object.assign(replacements, helpStringReplacements);
-         } else {
-           reps = helpStringReplacements;
+         function remove(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           if (_locked) return;
+           var t = {};
+           d.keys.forEach(function (key) {
+             t[key] = undefined;
+           });
+           dispatch.call('change', d, t);
          }
 
-         return _t.html(id, reps) // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
-         .replace(/\`(.*?)\`/g, '<kbd>$1</kbd>');
-       }
+         field.render = function (selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.form-field').data([field]); // Enter
 
-       function slugify(text) {
-         return text.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-') // Replace spaces with -
-         .replace(/[^\w\-]+/g, '') // Remove all non-word chars
-         .replace(/\-\-+/g, '-') // Replace multiple - with single -
-         .replace(/^-+/, '') // Trim - from start of text
-         .replace(/-+$/, ''); // Trim - from end of text
-       } // console warning for missing walkthrough names
+           var enter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'form-field form-field-' + d.safeid;
+           }).classed('nowrap', !options.wrap);
 
+           if (options.wrap) {
+             var labelEnter = enter.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', function (d) {
+               return d.domId;
+             });
+             var textEnter = labelEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text');
+             textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textvalue').html(function (d) {
+               return d.label();
+             });
+             textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textannotation');
 
-       var missingStrings = {};
+             if (options.remove) {
+               labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'remove-icon').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
+             }
 
-       function checkKey(key, text) {
-         if (_t(key, {
-           "default": undefined
-         }) === undefined) {
-           if (missingStrings.hasOwnProperty(key)) return; // warn once
+             if (options.revert) {
+               labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'modified-icon').attr('title', _t('icons.undo')).call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo'));
+             }
+           } // Update
 
-           missingStrings[key] = text;
-           var missing = key + ': ' + text;
-           if (typeof console !== 'undefined') console.log(missing); // eslint-disable-line
-         }
-       }
 
-       function localize(obj) {
-         var key; // Assign name if entity has one..
+           container = container.merge(enter);
+           container.select('.field-label > .remove-icon') // propagate bound data
+           .on('click', remove);
+           container.select('.field-label > .modified-icon') // propagate bound data
+           .on('click', revert);
+           container.each(function (d) {
+             var selection = select(this);
+
+             if (!d.impl) {
+               createField();
+             }
 
-         var name = obj.tags && obj.tags.name;
+             var reference, help; // instantiate field help
 
-         if (name) {
-           key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(name);
-           obj.tags.name = _t(key, {
-             "default": name
-           });
-           checkKey(key, name);
-         } // Assign street name if entity has one..
+             if (options.wrap && field.type === 'restrictions') {
+               help = uiFieldHelp(context, 'restrictions');
+             } // instantiate tag reference
 
 
-         var street = obj.tags && obj.tags['addr:street'];
+             if (options.wrap && options.info) {
+               var referenceKey = d.key || '';
 
-         if (street) {
-           key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(street);
-           obj.tags['addr:street'] = _t(key, {
-             "default": street
-           });
-           checkKey(key, street); // Add address details common across walkthrough..
+               if (d.type === 'multiCombo') {
+                 // lookup key without the trailing ':'
+                 referenceKey = referenceKey.replace(/:$/, '');
+               }
 
-           var addrTags = ['block_number', 'city', 'county', 'district', 'hamlet', 'neighbourhood', 'postcode', 'province', 'quarter', 'state', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'];
-           addrTags.forEach(function (k) {
-             var key = 'intro.graph.' + k;
-             var tag = 'addr:' + k;
-             var val = obj.tags && obj.tags[tag];
-             var str = _t(key, {
-               "default": val
-             });
+               reference = uiTagReference(d.reference || {
+                 key: referenceKey
+               });
 
-             if (str) {
-               if (str.match(/^<.*>$/) !== null) {
-                 delete obj.tags[tag];
-               } else {
-                 obj.tags[tag] = str;
+               if (_state === 'hover') {
+                 reference.showing(false);
                }
              }
-           });
-         }
 
-         return obj;
-       } // Used to detect squareness.. some duplicataion of code from actionOrthogonalize.
+             selection.call(d.impl); // add field help components
 
-       function isMostlySquare(points) {
-         // note: uses 15 here instead of the 12 from actionOrthogonalize because
-         // actionOrthogonalize can actually straighten some larger angles as it iterates
-         var threshold = 15; // degrees within right or straight
+             if (help) {
+               selection.call(help.body).select('.field-label').call(help.button);
+             } // add tag reference components
 
-         var lowerBound = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180); // near right
 
-         var upperBound = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180); // near straight
+             if (reference) {
+               selection.call(reference.body).select('.field-label').call(reference.button);
+             }
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-           var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
-           var origin = points[i];
-           var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];
-           var dotp = geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin);
-           var mag = Math.abs(dotp);
+             d.impl.tags(_tags);
+           });
+           container.classed('locked', _locked).classed('modified', isModified()).classed('present', tagsContainFieldKey()); // show a tip and lock icon if the field is locked
 
-           if (mag > lowerBound && mag < upperBound) {
-             return false;
-           }
-         }
+           var annotation = container.selectAll('.field-label .label-textannotation');
+           var icon = annotation.selectAll('.icon').data(_locked ? [0] : []);
+           icon.exit().remove();
+           icon.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'icon').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#fas-lock');
+           container.call(_locked ? _lockedTip : _lockedTip.destroy);
+         };
 
-         return true;
-       }
-       function selectMenuItem(context, operation) {
-         return context.container().select('.edit-menu .edit-menu-item-' + operation);
-       }
-       function transitionTime(point1, point2) {
-         var distance = geoSphericalDistance(point1, point2);
-         if (distance === 0) return 0;else if (distance < 80) return 500;else return 1000;
-       }
+         field.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           return field;
+         };
 
-       function uiCurtain(containerNode) {
-         var surface = select(null),
-             tooltip = select(null),
-             darkness = select(null);
+         field.tags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = val;
 
-         function curtain(selection) {
-           surface = selection.append('svg').attr('class', 'curtain').style('top', 0).style('left', 0);
-           darkness = surface.append('path').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('class', 'curtain-darkness');
-           select(window).on('resize.curtain', resize);
-           tooltip = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'tooltip');
-           tooltip.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-arrow');
-           tooltip.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-inner');
-           resize();
+           if (tagsContainFieldKey() && !_show) {
+             // always show a field if it has a value to display
+             _show = true;
 
-           function resize() {
-             surface.attr('width', containerNode.clientWidth).attr('height', containerNode.clientHeight);
-             curtain.cut(darkness.datum());
+             if (!field.impl) {
+               createField();
+             }
            }
-         }
-         /**
-          * Reveal cuts the curtain to highlight the given box,
-          * and shows a tooltip with instructions next to the box.
-          *
-          * @param  {String|ClientRect} [box]   box used to cut the curtain
-          * @param  {String}    [text]          text for a tooltip
-          * @param  {Object}    [options]
-          * @param  {string}    [options.tooltipClass]    optional class to add to the tooltip
-          * @param  {integer}   [options.duration]        transition time in milliseconds
-          * @param  {string}    [options.buttonText]      if set, create a button with this text label
-          * @param  {function}  [options.buttonCallback]  if set, the callback for the button
-          * @param  {function}  [options.padding]         extra margin in px to put around bbox
-          * @param  {String|ClientRect} [options.tooltipBox]  box for tooltip position, if different from box for the curtain
-          */
 
+           return field;
+         };
 
-         curtain.reveal = function (box, html, options) {
-           options = options || {};
+         field.locked = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _locked;
+           _locked = val;
+           return field;
+         };
 
-           if (typeof box === 'string') {
-             box = select(box).node();
-           }
+         field.show = function () {
+           _show = true;
 
-           if (box && box.getBoundingClientRect) {
-             box = copyBox(box.getBoundingClientRect());
-             var containerRect = containerNode.getBoundingClientRect();
-             box.top -= containerRect.top;
-             box.left -= containerRect.left;
+           if (!field.impl) {
+             createField();
            }
 
-           if (box && options.padding) {
-             box.top -= options.padding;
-             box.left -= options.padding;
-             box.bottom += options.padding;
-             box.right += options.padding;
-             box.height += options.padding * 2;
-             box.width += options.padding * 2;
+           if (field["default"] && field.key && _tags[field.key] !== field["default"]) {
+             var t = {};
+             t[field.key] = field["default"];
+             dispatch.call('change', this, t);
            }
+         }; // A shown field has a visible UI, a non-shown field is in the 'Add field' dropdown
 
-           var tooltipBox;
 
-           if (options.tooltipBox) {
-             tooltipBox = options.tooltipBox;
+         field.isShown = function () {
+           return _show;
+         }; // An allowed field can appear in the UI or in the 'Add field' dropdown.
+         // A non-allowed field is hidden from the user altogether
 
-             if (typeof tooltipBox === 'string') {
-               tooltipBox = select(tooltipBox).node();
-             }
 
-             if (tooltipBox && tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect) {
-               tooltipBox = copyBox(tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect());
-             }
-           } else {
-             tooltipBox = box;
+         field.isAllowed = function () {
+           if (entityIDs && entityIDs.length > 1 && uiFields[field.type].supportsMultiselection === false) return false;
+           if (field.geometry && !entityIDs.every(function (entityID) {
+             return field.matchGeometry(context.graph().geometry(entityID));
+           })) return false;
+
+           if (entityIDs && _entityExtent && field.locationSetID) {
+             // is field allowed in this location?
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(_entityExtent.center());
+             if (!validLocations[field.locationSetID]) return false;
            }
 
-           if (tooltipBox && html) {
-             if (html.indexOf('**') !== -1) {
-               if (html.indexOf('<span') === 0) {
-                 html = html.replace(/^(<span.*?>)(.+?)(\*\*)/, '$1<span>$2</span>$3');
-               } else {
-                 html = html.replace(/^(.+?)(\*\*)/, '<span>$1</span>$2');
-               } // pseudo markdown bold text for the instruction section..
+           var prerequisiteTag = field.prerequisiteTag;
 
+           if (entityIDs && !tagsContainFieldKey() && // ignore tagging prerequisites if a value is already present
+           prerequisiteTag) {
+             if (!entityIDs.every(function (entityID) {
+               var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
 
-               html = html.replace(/\*\*(.*?)\*\*/g, '<span class="instruction">$1</span>');
-             }
+               if (prerequisiteTag.key) {
+                 var value = entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.key];
+                 if (!value) return false;
 
-             html = html.replace(/\*(.*?)\*/g, '<em>$1</em>'); // emphasis
+                 if (prerequisiteTag.valueNot) {
+                   return prerequisiteTag.valueNot !== value;
+                 }
 
-             html = html.replace(/\{br\}/g, '<br/><br/>'); // linebreak
+                 if (prerequisiteTag.value) {
+                   return prerequisiteTag.value === value;
+                 }
+               } else if (prerequisiteTag.keyNot) {
+                 if (entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.keyNot]) return false;
+               }
 
-             if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
-               html += '<div class="button-section">' + '<button href="#" class="button action">' + options.buttonText + '</button></div>';
-             }
+               return true;
+             })) return false;
+           }
 
-             var classes = 'curtain-tooltip popover tooltip arrowed in ' + (options.tooltipClass || '');
-             tooltip.classed(classes, true).selectAll('.popover-inner').html(html);
+           return true;
+         };
 
-             if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
-               var button = tooltip.selectAll('.button-section .button.action');
-               button.on('click', function (d3_event) {
-                 d3_event.preventDefault();
-                 options.buttonCallback();
-               });
-             }
+         field.focus = function () {
+           if (field.impl) {
+             field.impl.focus();
+           }
+         };
 
-             var tip = copyBox(tooltip.node().getBoundingClientRect()),
-                 w = containerNode.clientWidth,
-                 h = containerNode.clientHeight,
-                 tooltipWidth = 200,
-                 tooltipArrow = 5,
-                 side,
-                 pos; // hack: this will have bottom placement,
-             // so need to reserve extra space for the tooltip illustration.
+         return utilRebind(field, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-             if (options.tooltipClass === 'intro-mouse') {
-               tip.height += 80;
-             } // trim box dimensions to just the portion that fits in the container..
+       function uiFormFields(context) {
+         var moreCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'more-fields').minItems(1);
+         var _fieldsArr = [];
+         var _lastPlaceholder = '';
+         var _state = '';
+         var _klass = '';
 
+         function formFields(selection) {
+           var allowedFields = _fieldsArr.filter(function (field) {
+             return field.isAllowed();
+           });
 
-             if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height > h) {
-               tooltipBox.height -= tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height - h;
-             }
+           var shown = allowedFields.filter(function (field) {
+             return field.isShown();
+           });
+           var notShown = allowedFields.filter(function (field) {
+             return !field.isShown();
+           });
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.form-fields-container').data([0]);
+           container = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-fields-container ' + (_klass || '')).merge(container);
+           var fields = container.selectAll('.wrap-form-field').data(shown, function (d) {
+             return d.id + (d.entityIDs ? d.entityIDs.join() : '');
+           });
+           fields.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-             if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width > w) {
-               tooltipBox.width -= tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width - w;
-             } // determine tooltip placement..
+           var enter = fields.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'wrap-form-field wrap-form-field-' + d.safeid;
+           }); // Update
 
+           fields = fields.merge(enter);
+           fields.order().each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(d.render);
+           });
+           var titles = [];
+           var moreFields = notShown.map(function (field) {
+             var title = field.title();
+             titles.push(title);
+             var terms = field.terms();
+             if (field.key) terms.push(field.key);
+             if (field.keys) terms = terms.concat(field.keys);
+             return {
+               display: field.label(),
+               value: title,
+               title: title,
+               field: field,
+               terms: terms
+             };
+           });
+           var placeholder = titles.slice(0, 3).join(', ') + (titles.length > 3 ? '…' : '');
+           var more = selection.selectAll('.more-fields').data(_state === 'hover' || moreFields.length === 0 ? [] : [0]);
+           more.exit().remove();
+           var moreEnter = more.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'more-fields').append('label');
+           moreEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('inspector.add_fields'));
+           more = moreEnter.merge(more);
+           var input = more.selectAll('.value').data([0]);
+           input.exit().remove();
+           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('class', 'value').attr('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', placeholder).call(utilNoAuto).merge(input);
+           input.call(utilGetSetValue, '').call(moreCombo.data(moreFields).on('accept', function (d) {
+             if (!d) return; // user entered something that was not matched
 
-             if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height < 100) {
-               // tooltip below box..
-               side = 'bottom';
-               pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2, tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height];
-             } else if (tooltipBox.top > h - 140) {
-               // tooltip above box..
-               side = 'top';
-               pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2, tooltipBox.top - tip.height];
-             } else {
-               // tooltip to the side of the tooltipBox..
-               var tipY = tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height / 2 - tip.height / 2;
+             var field = d.field;
+             field.show();
+             selection.call(formFields); // rerender
 
-               if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') {
-                 if (tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow < 70) {
-                   side = 'right';
-                   pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];
-                 } else {
-                   side = 'left';
-                   pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow + tooltipWidth > w - 70) {
-                   side = 'left';
-                   pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
-                 } else {
-                   side = 'right';
-                   pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+             field.focus();
+           })); // avoid updating placeholder excessively (triggers style recalc)
 
-             if (options.duration !== 0 || !tooltip.classed(side)) {
-               tooltip.call(uiToggle(true));
-             }
+           if (_lastPlaceholder !== placeholder) {
+             input.attr('placeholder', placeholder);
+             _lastPlaceholder = placeholder;
+           }
+         }
 
-             tooltip.style('top', pos[1] + 'px').style('left', pos[0] + 'px').attr('class', classes + ' ' + side); // shift popover-inner if it is very close to the top or bottom edge
-             // (doesn't affect the placement of the popover-arrow)
+         formFields.fieldsArr = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _fieldsArr;
+           _fieldsArr = val || [];
+           return formFields;
+         };
 
-             var shiftY = 0;
+         formFields.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           return formFields;
+         };
 
-             if (side === 'left' || side === 'right') {
-               if (pos[1] < 60) {
-                 shiftY = 60 - pos[1];
-               } else if (pos[1] + tip.height > h - 100) {
-                 shiftY = h - pos[1] - tip.height - 100;
-               }
-             }
+         formFields.klass = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _klass;
+           _klass = val;
+           return formFields;
+         };
 
-             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').style('top', shiftY + 'px');
-           } else {
-             tooltip.classed('in', false).call(uiToggle(false));
-           }
+         return formFields;
+       }
 
-           curtain.cut(box, options.duration);
-           return tooltip;
-         };
+       function uiSectionPresetFields(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('preset-fields', context).label(_t.html('inspector.fields')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change', 'revert');
+         var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
 
-         curtain.cut = function (datum, duration) {
-           darkness.datum(datum).interrupt();
-           var selection;
+         var _state;
 
-           if (duration === 0) {
-             selection = darkness;
-           } else {
-             selection = darkness.transition().duration(duration || 600).ease(linear$1);
-           }
+         var _fieldsArr;
 
-           selection.attr('d', function (d) {
-             var containerWidth = containerNode.clientWidth;
-             var containerHeight = containerNode.clientHeight;
-             var string = 'M 0,0 L 0,' + containerHeight + ' L ' + containerWidth + ',' + containerHeight + 'L' + containerWidth + ',0 Z';
-             if (!d) return string;
-             return string + 'M' + d.left + ',' + d.top + 'L' + d.left + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' + (d.left + d.width) + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' + (d.left + d.width) + ',' + d.top + 'Z';
-           });
-         };
+         var _presets = [];
 
-         curtain.remove = function () {
-           surface.remove();
-           tooltip.remove();
-           select(window).on('resize.curtain', null);
-         }; // ClientRects are immutable, so copy them to an object,
-         // in case we need to trim the height/width.
+         var _tags;
 
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-         function copyBox(src) {
-           return {
-             top: src.top,
-             right: src.right,
-             bottom: src.bottom,
-             left: src.left,
-             width: src.width,
-             height: src.height
-           };
-         }
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           if (!_fieldsArr) {
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var geometries = Object.keys(_entityIDs.reduce(function (geoms, entityID) {
+               geoms[graph.entity(entityID).geometry(graph)] = true;
+               return geoms;
+             }, {}));
+             var presetsManager = _mainPresetIndex;
+             var allFields = [];
+             var allMoreFields = [];
+             var sharedTotalFields;
 
-         return curtain;
-       }
+             _presets.forEach(function (preset) {
+               var fields = preset.fields();
+               var moreFields = preset.moreFields();
+               allFields = utilArrayUnion(allFields, fields);
+               allMoreFields = utilArrayUnion(allMoreFields, moreFields);
 
-       function uiIntroWelcome(context, reveal) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-         var chapter = {
-           title: 'intro.welcome.title'
-         };
+               if (!sharedTotalFields) {
+                 sharedTotalFields = utilArrayUnion(fields, moreFields);
+               } else {
+                 sharedTotalFields = sharedTotalFields.filter(function (field) {
+                   return fields.indexOf(field) !== -1 || moreFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
+                 });
+               }
+             });
 
-         function welcome() {
-           context.map().centerZoom([-85.63591, 41.94285], 19);
-           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome', helpHtml('intro.welcome.welcome'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: practice
-           });
-         }
+             var sharedFields = allFields.filter(function (field) {
+               return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
+             });
+             var sharedMoreFields = allMoreFields.filter(function (field) {
+               return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
+             });
+             _fieldsArr = [];
+             sharedFields.forEach(function (field) {
+               if (field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
+                 _fieldsArr.push(uiField(context, field, _entityIDs));
+               }
+             });
+             var singularEntity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
 
-         function practice() {
-           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome', helpHtml('intro.welcome.practice'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: words
+             if (singularEntity && singularEntity.isHighwayIntersection(graph) && presetsManager.field('restrictions')) {
+               _fieldsArr.push(uiField(context, presetsManager.field('restrictions'), _entityIDs));
+             }
+
+             var additionalFields = utilArrayUnion(sharedMoreFields, presetsManager.universal());
+             additionalFields.sort(function (field1, field2) {
+               return field1.label().localeCompare(field2.label(), _mainLocalizer.localeCode());
+             });
+             additionalFields.forEach(function (field) {
+               if (sharedFields.indexOf(field) === -1 && field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
+                 _fieldsArr.push(uiField(context, field, _entityIDs, {
+                   show: false
+                 }));
+               }
+             });
+
+             _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
+               field.on('change', function (t, onInput) {
+                 dispatch.call('change', field, _entityIDs, t, onInput);
+               }).on('revert', function (keys) {
+                 dispatch.call('revert', field, keys);
+               });
+             });
+           }
+
+           _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
+             field.state(_state).tags(_tags);
            });
-         }
 
-         function words() {
-           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome', helpHtml('intro.welcome.words'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: chapters
+           selection.call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr).state(_state).klass('grouped-items-area'));
+           selection.selectAll('.wrap-form-field input').on('keydown', function (d3_event) {
+             // if user presses enter, and combobox is not active, accept edits..
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
+             context.container().select('.combobox').empty()) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
            });
          }
 
-         function chapters() {
-           dispatch$1.call('done');
-           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-navigation', helpHtml('intro.welcome.chapters', {
-             next: _t('intro.navigation.title')
-           }));
-         }
+         section.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _presets;
 
-         chapter.enter = function () {
-           welcome();
+           if (!_presets || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_presets, val)) {
+             _presets = val;
+             _fieldsArr = null;
+           }
+
+           return section;
          };
 
-         chapter.exit = function () {
-           context.container().select('.curtain-tooltip.intro-mouse').selectAll('.counter').remove();
+         section.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           return section;
          };
 
-         chapter.restart = function () {
-           chapter.exit();
-           chapter.enter();
+         section.tags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = val; // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
+
+           return section;
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
 
-       function uiIntroNavigation(context, reveal) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-         var timeouts = [];
-         var hallId = 'n2061';
-         var townHall = [-85.63591, 41.94285];
-         var springStreetId = 'w397';
-         var springStreetEndId = 'n1834';
-         var springStreet = [-85.63582, 41.94255];
-         var onewayField = _mainPresetIndex.field('oneway');
-         var maxspeedField = _mainPresetIndex.field('maxspeed');
-         var chapter = {
-           title: 'intro.navigation.title'
+           if (!val || !_entityIDs || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
+             _entityIDs = val;
+             _fieldsArr = null;
+           }
+
+           return section;
          };
 
-         function timeout(f, t) {
-           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         return utilRebind(section, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+
+       function uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('raw-member-editor', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           if (!_entityIDs || _entityIDs.length !== 1) return false;
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
+           return entity && entity.type === 'relation';
+         }).label(function () {
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
+           if (!entity) return '';
+           var gt = entity.members.length > _maxMembers ? '>' : '';
+           var count = gt + entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).length;
+           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: _t.html('inspector.members'),
+             count: count
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         var taginfo = services.taginfo;
+
+         var _entityIDs;
+
+         var _maxMembers = 1000;
+
+         function downloadMember(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault(); // display the loading indicator
+
+           select(this.parentNode).classed('tag-reference-loading', true);
+           context.loadEntity(d.id, function () {
+             section.reRender();
+           });
          }
 
-         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+         function zoomToMember(d3_event, d) {
            d3_event.preventDefault();
-         }
+           var entity = context.entity(d.id);
+           context.map().zoomToEase(entity); // highlight the feature in case it wasn't previously on-screen
 
-         function isTownHallSelected() {
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-           return ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === hallId;
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
          }
 
-         function dragMap() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('initial');
-           var msec = transitionTime(townHall, context.map().center());
+         function selectMember(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault(); // remove the hover-highlight styling
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+           var entity = context.entity(d.id);
+           var mapExtent = context.map().extent();
+
+           if (!entity.intersects(mapExtent, context.graph())) {
+             // zoom to the entity if its extent is not visible now
+             context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
            }
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(townHall, 19, msec);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var centerStart = context.map().center();
-             var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'drag' : 'drag_touch';
-             var dragString = helpHtml('intro.navigation.map_info') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId);
-             reveal('.surface', dragString);
-             context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
-               reveal('.surface', dragString, {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-             context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
-               var centerNow = context.map().center();
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.id]));
+         }
 
-               if (centerStart[0] !== centerNow[0] || centerStart[1] !== centerNow[1]) {
-                 context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-                 timeout(function () {
-                   continueTo(zoomMap);
-                 }, 3000);
-               }
-             });
-           }, msec + 100);
+         function changeRole(d3_event, d) {
+           var oldRole = d.role;
+           var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           if (oldRole !== newRole) {
+             var member = {
+               id: d.id,
+               type: d.type,
+               role: newRole
+             };
+             context.perform(actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, member, d.index), _t('operations.change_role.annotation', {
+               n: 1
+             }));
+             context.validator().validate();
            }
          }
 
-         function zoomMap() {
-           var zoomStart = context.map().zoom();
-           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'zoom' : 'zoom_touch';
-           var zoomString = helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId);
-           reveal('.surface', zoomString);
-           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
-             reveal('.surface', zoomString, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           });
-           context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
-             if (context.map().zoom() !== zoomStart) {
-               context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-               timeout(function () {
-                 continueTo(features);
-               }, 3000);
-             }
-           });
+         function deleteMember(d3_event, d) {
+           // remove the hover-highlight styling
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+           context.perform(actionDeleteMember(d.relation.id, d.index), _t('operations.delete_member.annotation', {
+             n: 1
+           }));
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           if (!context.hasEntity(d.relation.id)) {
+             // Removing the last member will also delete the relation.
+             // If this happens we need to exit the selection mode
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           } else {
+             // Changing the mode also runs `validate`, but otherwise we need to
+             // rerun it manually
+             context.validator().validate();
            }
          }
 
-         function features() {
-           var onClick = function onClick() {
-             continueTo(pointsLinesAreas);
-           };
-
-           reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.features'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: onClick
-           });
-           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
-             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.features'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: onClick
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
+           var memberships = [];
+           var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+           entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).forEach(function (member, index) {
+             memberships.push({
+               index: index,
+               id: member.id,
+               type: member.type,
+               role: member.role,
+               relation: entity,
+               member: context.hasEntity(member.id),
+               domId: utilUniqueDomId(entityID + '-member-' + index)
              });
            });
+           var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'member-list').merge(list);
+           var items = list.selectAll('li').data(memberships, function (d) {
+             return osmEntity.key(d.relation) + ',' + d.index + ',' + (d.member ? osmEntity.key(d.member) : 'incomplete');
+           });
+           items.exit().each(unbind).remove();
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'member-row form-field').classed('member-incomplete', function (d) {
+             return !d.member;
+           });
+           itemsEnter.each(function (d) {
+             var item = select(this);
+             var label = item.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', d.domId);
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+             if (d.member) {
+               // highlight the member feature in the map while hovering on the list item
+               item.on('mouseover', function () {
+                 utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
+               }).on('mouseout', function () {
+                 utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+               });
+               var labelLink = label.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text').append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', selectMember);
+               labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-type').html(function (d) {
+                 var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.member, context.graph());
+                 return matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(d.member.id);
+               });
+               labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-name').html(function (d) {
+                 return utilDisplayName(d.member);
+               });
+               label.append('button').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).attr('class', 'remove member-delete').call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
+               label.append('button').attr('class', 'member-zoom').attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome')).on('click', zoomToMember);
+             } else {
+               var labelText = label.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text');
+               labelText.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-type').html(_t.html('inspector.' + d.type, {
+                 id: d.id
+               }));
+               labelText.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-name').html(_t.html('inspector.incomplete', {
+                 id: d.id
+               }));
+               label.append('button').attr('class', 'member-download').attr('title', _t('icons.download')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load')).on('click', downloadMember);
+             }
+           });
+           var wrapEnter = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
+           wrapEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'member-role').attr('id', function (d) {
+             return d.domId;
+           }).property('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role')).call(utilNoAuto);
 
-         function pointsLinesAreas() {
-           var onClick = function onClick() {
-             continueTo(nodesWays);
-           };
+           if (taginfo) {
+             wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
+           } // update
 
-           reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: onClick
-           });
-           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
-             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: onClick
-             });
-           });
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           items = items.merge(itemsEnter).order();
+           items.select('input.member-role').property('value', function (d) {
+             return d.role;
+           }).on('blur', changeRole).on('change', changeRole);
+           items.select('button.member-delete').on('click', deleteMember);
+           var dragOrigin, targetIndex;
+           items.call(d3_drag().on('start', function (d3_event) {
+             dragOrigin = {
+               x: d3_event.x,
+               y: d3_event.y
+             };
+             targetIndex = null;
+           }).on('drag', function (d3_event) {
+             var x = d3_event.x - dragOrigin.x,
+                 y = d3_event.y - dragOrigin.y;
+             if (!select(this).classed('dragging') && // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
+             Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) return;
+             var index = items.nodes().indexOf(this);
+             select(this).classed('dragging', true);
+             targetIndex = null;
+             selection.selectAll('li.member-row').style('transform', function (d2, index2) {
+               var node = select(this).node();
 
-         function nodesWays() {
-           var onClick = function onClick() {
-             continueTo(clickTownHall);
-           };
+               if (index === index2) {
+                 return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
+               } else if (index2 > index && d3_event.y > node.offsetTop) {
+                 if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
+                   targetIndex = index2;
+                 }
 
-           reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: onClick
-           });
-           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
-             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: onClick
-             });
-           });
+                 return 'translateY(-100%)';
+               } else if (index2 < index && d3_event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
+                 if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
+                   targetIndex = index2;
+                 }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+                 return 'translateY(100%)';
+               }
 
-         function clickTownHall() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('initial');
-           var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-           if (!entity) return;
-           reveal(null, null, {
-             duration: 0
-           });
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(entity.loc, 19, 500);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-             if (!entity) return;
-             var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-             var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click_townhall' : 'tap_townhall';
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId));
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-               if (!entity) return;
-               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId), {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-             context.on('enter.intro', function () {
-               if (isTownHallSelected()) continueTo(selectedTownHall);
+               return null;
              });
-           }, 550); // after centerZoomEase
+           }).on('end', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) return;
+             var index = items.nodes().indexOf(this);
+             select(this).classed('dragging', false);
+             selection.selectAll('li.member-row').style('transform', null);
 
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+             if (targetIndex !== null) {
+               // dragged to a new position, reorder
+               context.perform(actionMoveMember(d.relation.id, index, targetIndex), _t('operations.reorder_members.annotation'));
+               context.validator().validate();
              }
-           });
+           }));
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           function bindTypeahead(d) {
+             var row = select(this);
+             var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
+             var origValue = role.property('value');
 
-         function selectedTownHall() {
-           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
-           var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-           if (!entity) return clickTownHall();
-           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+             function sort(value, data) {
+               var sameletter = [];
+               var other = [];
 
-           var onClick = function onClick() {
-             continueTo(editorTownHall);
-           };
+               for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+                 if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
+                   sameletter.push(data[i]);
+                 } else {
+                   other.push(data[i]);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: onClick
-           });
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-             if (!entity) return;
-             var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: onClick
-             });
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+               return sameletter.concat(other);
              }
-           });
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+             role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role').fetcher(function (role, callback) {
+               // The `geometry` param is used in the `taginfo.js` interface for
+               // filtering results, as a key into the `tag_members_fractions`
+               // object.  If we don't know the geometry because the member is
+               // not yet downloaded, it's ok to guess based on type.
+               var geometry;
 
-         function editorTownHall() {
-           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall(); // disallow scrolling
+               if (d.member) {
+                 geometry = context.graph().geometry(d.member.id);
+               } else if (d.type === 'relation') {
+                 geometry = 'relation';
+               } else if (d.type === 'way') {
+                 geometry = 'line';
+               } else {
+                 geometry = 'point';
+               }
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+               var rtype = entity.tags.type;
+               taginfo.roles({
+                 debounce: true,
+                 rtype: rtype || '',
+                 geometry: geometry,
+                 query: role
+               }, function (err, data) {
+                 if (!err) callback(sort(role, data));
+               });
+             }).on('cancel', function () {
+               role.property('value', origValue);
+             }));
+           }
 
-           var onClick = function onClick() {
-             continueTo(presetTownHall);
-           };
+           function unbind() {
+             var row = select(this);
+             row.selectAll('input.member-role').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+           }
+         }
 
-           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.editor_townhall'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: onClick
-           });
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(clickTownHall);
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-               continueTo(clickTownHall);
-             }
-           });
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+         return section;
+       }
+
+       function actionDeleteMembers(relationId, memberIndexes) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           // Remove the members in descending order so removals won't shift what members
+           // are at the remaining indexes
+           memberIndexes.sort(function (a, b) {
+             return b - a;
+           });
+
+           for (var i in memberIndexes) {
+             graph = actionDeleteMember(relationId, memberIndexes[i])(graph);
            }
-         }
 
-         function presetTownHall() {
-           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall(); // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
+           return graph;
+         };
+       }
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%'); // disallow scrolling
+       function uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('raw-membership-editor', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length;
+         }).label(function () {
+           var parents = getSharedParentRelations();
+           var gt = parents.length > _maxMemberships ? '>' : '';
+           var count = gt + parents.slice(0, _maxMemberships).length;
+           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: _t.html('inspector.relations'),
+             count: count
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         var taginfo = services.taginfo;
+         var nearbyCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'parent-relation').minItems(1).fetcher(fetchNearbyRelations).itemsMouseEnter(function (d3_event, d) {
+           if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
+         }).itemsMouseLeave(function (d3_event, d) {
+           if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+         });
+         var _inChange = false;
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel); // preset match, in case the user happened to change it.
+         var _showBlank;
 
-           var entity = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
-           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+         var _maxMemberships = 1000;
 
-           var onClick = function onClick() {
-             continueTo(fieldsTownHall);
-           };
+         function getSharedParentRelations() {
+           var parents = [];
 
-           reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-feature-type', helpHtml('intro.navigation.preset_townhall', {
-             preset: preset.name()
-           }), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: onClick
-           });
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(clickTownHall);
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+           for (var i = 0; i < _entityIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
+             if (!entity) continue;
+
+             if (i === 0) {
+               parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
+             } else {
+               parents = utilArrayIntersection(parents, context.graph().parentRelations(entity));
              }
-           });
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+             if (!parents.length) break;
            }
+
+           return parents;
          }
 
-         function fieldsTownHall() {
-           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall(); // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
+         function getMemberships() {
+           var memberships = [];
+           var relations = getSharedParentRelations().slice(0, _maxMemberships);
+           var isMultiselect = _entityIDs.length > 1;
+           var i, relation, membership, index, member, indexedMember;
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%'); // disallow scrolling
+           for (i = 0; i < relations.length; i++) {
+             relation = relations[i];
+             membership = {
+               relation: relation,
+               members: [],
+               hash: osmEntity.key(relation)
+             };
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+             for (index = 0; index < relation.members.length; index++) {
+               member = relation.members[index];
 
-           var onClick = function onClick() {
-             continueTo(closeTownHall);
-           };
+               if (_entityIDs.indexOf(member.id) !== -1) {
+                 indexedMember = Object.assign({}, member, {
+                   index: index
+                 });
+                 membership.members.push(indexedMember);
+                 membership.hash += ',' + index.toString();
 
-           reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-preset-fields', helpHtml('intro.navigation.fields_townhall'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: onClick
-           });
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(clickTownHall);
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+                 if (!isMultiselect) {
+                   // For single selections, list one entry per membership per relation.
+                   // For multiselections, list one entry per relation.
+                   memberships.push(membership);
+                   membership = {
+                     relation: relation,
+                     members: [],
+                     hash: osmEntity.key(relation)
+                   };
+                 }
+               }
              }
-           });
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+             if (membership.members.length) memberships.push(membership);
            }
-         }
 
-         function closeTownHall() {
-           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
-           var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-           var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
-           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.close_townhall', {
-             button: icon(href, 'inline')
-           }));
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(searchStreet);
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
-             var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-             var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
-             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.close_townhall', {
-               button: icon(href, 'inline')
-             }), {
-               duration: 0
+           memberships.forEach(function (membership) {
+             membership.domId = utilUniqueDomId('membership-' + membership.relation.id);
+             var roles = [];
+             membership.members.forEach(function (member) {
+               if (roles.indexOf(member.role) === -1) roles.push(member.role);
              });
+             membership.role = roles.length === 1 ? roles[0] : roles;
            });
+           return memberships;
+         }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+         function selectRelation(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault(); // remove the hover-highlight styling
+
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.relation.id]));
          }
 
-         function searchStreet() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('initial'); // ensure spring street exists
+         function zoomToRelation(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           var entity = context.entity(d.relation.id);
+           context.map().zoomToEase(entity); // highlight the relation in case it wasn't previously on-screen
 
-           var msec = transitionTime(springStreet, context.map().center());
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
+         }
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           }
+         function changeRole(d3_event, d) {
+           if (d === 0) return; // called on newrow (shouldn't happen)
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(springStreet, 19, msec); // ..and user can see it
+           if (_inChange) return; // avoid accidental recursive call #5731
 
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal('.search-header input', helpHtml('intro.navigation.search_street', {
-               name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street')
+           var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));
+           if (!newRole.trim() && typeof d.role !== 'string') return;
+           var membersToUpdate = d.members.filter(function (member) {
+             return member.role !== newRole;
+           });
+
+           if (membersToUpdate.length) {
+             _inChange = true;
+             context.perform(function actionChangeMemberRoles(graph) {
+               membersToUpdate.forEach(function (member) {
+                 var newMember = Object.assign({}, member, {
+                   role: newRole
+                 });
+                 delete newMember.index;
+                 graph = actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, newMember, member.index)(graph);
+               });
+               return graph;
+             }, _t('operations.change_role.annotation', {
+               n: membersToUpdate.length
              }));
-             context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keyup.intro', checkSearchResult);
-           }, msec + 100);
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }
+
+           _inChange = false;
          }
 
-         function checkSearchResult() {
-           var first = context.container().select('.feature-list-item:nth-child(0n+2)'); // skip "No Results" item
+         function addMembership(d, role) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button
 
-           var firstName = first.select('.entity-name');
-           var name = _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street');
+           _showBlank = false;
 
-           if (!firstName.empty() && firstName.html() === name) {
-             reveal(first.node(), helpHtml('intro.navigation.choose_street', {
-               name: name
-             }), {
-               duration: 300
-             });
-             context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-               continueTo(selectedStreet);
-             });
-             context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
+           function actionAddMembers(relationId, ids, role) {
+             return function (graph) {
+               for (var i in ids) {
+                 var member = {
+                   id: ids[i],
+                   type: graph.entity(ids[i]).type,
+                   role: role
+                 };
+                 graph = actionAddMember(relationId, member)(graph);
+               }
+
+               return graph;
+             };
            }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           if (d.relation) {
+             context.perform(actionAddMembers(d.relation.id, _entityIDs, role), _t('operations.add_member.annotation', {
+               n: _entityIDs.length
+             }));
+             context.validator().validate();
+           } else {
+             var relation = osmRelation();
+             context.perform(actionAddEntity(relation), actionAddMembers(relation.id, _entityIDs, role), _t('operations.add.annotation.relation')); // changing the mode also runs `validate`
+
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [relation.id]).newFeature(true));
            }
          }
 
-         function selectedStreet() {
-           if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
-             return searchStreet();
-           }
+         function deleteMembership(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button
 
-           var onClick = function onClick() {
-             continueTo(editorStreet);
-           };
+           if (d === 0) return; // called on newrow (shouldn't happen)
+           // remove the hover-highlight styling
 
-           var entity = context.entity(springStreetEndId);
-           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-           box.height = 500;
-           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_street', {
-             name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street')
-           }), {
-             duration: 600,
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: onClick
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+           var indexes = d.members.map(function (member) {
+             return member.index;
            });
-           timeout(function () {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId);
-               if (!entity) return;
-               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-               box.height = 500;
-               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_street', {
-                 name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street')
-               }), {
-                 duration: 0,
-                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-                 buttonCallback: onClick
-               });
-             });
-           }, 600); // after reveal.
-
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
-               return continueTo(searchStreet);
-             }
-
-             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           context.perform(actionDeleteMembers(d.relation.id, indexes), _t('operations.delete_member.annotation', {
+             n: _entityIDs.length
+           }));
+           context.validator().validate();
+         }
 
-             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== springStreetId) {
-               // keep Spring Street selected..
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [springStreetId]));
-             }
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
-               timeout(function () {
-                 continueTo(searchStreet);
-               }, 300); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
-             }
-           });
+         function fetchNearbyRelations(q, callback) {
+           var newRelation = {
+             relation: null,
+             value: _t('inspector.new_relation'),
+             display: _t.html('inspector.new_relation')
+           };
+           var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
+           var result = [];
+           var graph = context.graph();
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           function baseDisplayLabel(entity) {
+             var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+             var presetName = matched && matched.name() || _t('inspector.relation');
+             var entityName = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
+             return presetName + ' ' + entityName;
            }
-         }
 
-         function editorStreet() {
-           var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-           var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
-           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
-             button: icon(href, 'inline'),
-             field1: onewayField.label(),
-             field2: maxspeedField.label()
-           }));
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(play);
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
-             var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-             var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
-             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
-               button: icon(href, 'inline'),
-               field1: onewayField.label(),
-               field2: maxspeedField.label()
-             }), {
-               duration: 0
+           var explicitRelation = q && context.hasEntity(q.toLowerCase());
+
+           if (explicitRelation && explicitRelation.type === 'relation' && explicitRelation.id !== entityID) {
+             // loaded relation is specified explicitly, only show that
+             result.push({
+               relation: explicitRelation,
+               value: baseDisplayLabel(explicitRelation) + ' ' + explicitRelation.id
              });
-           });
+           } else {
+             context.history().intersects(context.map().extent()).forEach(function (entity) {
+               if (entity.type !== 'relation' || entity.id === entityID) return;
+               var value = baseDisplayLabel(entity);
+               if (q && (value + ' ' + entity.id).toLowerCase().indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === -1) return;
+               result.push({
+                 relation: entity,
+                 value: value
+               });
+             });
+             result.sort(function (a, b) {
+               return osmRelation.creationOrder(a.relation, b.relation);
+             }); // Dedupe identical names by appending relation id - see #2891
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+             var dupeGroups = Object.values(utilArrayGroupBy(result, 'value')).filter(function (v) {
+               return v.length > 1;
+             });
+             dupeGroups.forEach(function (group) {
+               group.forEach(function (obj) {
+                 obj.value += ' ' + obj.relation.id;
+               });
+             });
            }
-         }
 
-         function play() {
-           dispatch$1.call('done');
-           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.navigation.play', {
-             next: _t('intro.points.title')
-           }), {
-             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-point',
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               reveal('.ideditor');
-             }
+           result.forEach(function (obj) {
+             obj.title = obj.value;
            });
+           result.unshift(newRelation);
+           callback(result);
          }
 
-         chapter.enter = function () {
-           dragMap();
-         };
-
-         chapter.exit = function () {
-           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-         };
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var memberships = getMemberships();
+           var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'member-list').merge(list);
+           var items = list.selectAll('li.member-row-normal').data(memberships, function (d) {
+             return d.hash;
+           });
+           items.exit().each(unbind).remove(); // Enter
 
-         chapter.restart = function () {
-           chapter.exit();
-           chapter.enter();
-         };
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'member-row member-row-normal form-field'); // highlight the relation in the map while hovering on the list item
 
-         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           itemsEnter.on('mouseover', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
+           }).on('mouseout', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+           });
+           var labelEnter = itemsEnter.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', function (d) {
+             return d.domId;
+           });
+           var labelLink = labelEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text').append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', selectRelation);
+           labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-type').html(function (d) {
+             var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.relation, context.graph());
+             return matched && matched.name() || _t('inspector.relation');
+           });
+           labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-name').html(function (d) {
+             return utilDisplayName(d.relation);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'remove member-delete').call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete')).on('click', deleteMembership);
+           labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'member-zoom').attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome')).on('click', zoomToRelation);
+           var wrapEnter = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
+           wrapEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'member-role').attr('id', function (d) {
+             return d.domId;
+           }).property('type', 'text').property('value', function (d) {
+             return typeof d.role === 'string' ? d.role : '';
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.role) ? d.role.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : d.role;
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.role) ? _t('inspector.multiple_roles') : _t('inspector.role');
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.role);
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('blur', changeRole).on('change', changeRole);
 
-       function uiIntroPoint(context, reveal) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-         var timeouts = [];
-         var intersection = [-85.63279, 41.94394];
-         var building = [-85.632422, 41.944045];
-         var cafePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('amenity/cafe');
-         var _pointID = null;
-         var chapter = {
-           title: 'intro.points.title'
-         };
+           if (taginfo) {
+             wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
+           }
 
-         function timeout(f, t) {
-           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
-         }
+           var newMembership = list.selectAll('.member-row-new').data(_showBlank ? [0] : []); // Exit
 
-         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-         }
+           newMembership.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-         function addPoint() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('initial');
-           var msec = transitionTime(intersection, context.map().center());
+           var newMembershipEnter = newMembership.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'member-row member-row-new form-field');
+           var newLabelEnter = newMembershipEnter.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label');
+           newLabelEnter.append('input').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.choose_relation')).attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'member-entity-input').call(utilNoAuto);
+           newLabelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'remove member-delete').call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete')).on('click', function () {
+             list.selectAll('.member-row-new').remove();
+           });
+           var newWrapEnter = newMembershipEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
+           newWrapEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'member-role').property('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role')).call(utilNoAuto); // Update
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           }
+           newMembership = newMembership.merge(newMembershipEnter);
+           newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input').on('blur', cancelEntity) // if it wasn't accepted normally, cancel it
+           .call(nearbyCombo.on('accept', acceptEntity).on('cancel', cancelEntity)); // Container for the Add button
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(intersection, 19, msec);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-point', helpHtml('intro.points.points_info') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.points.add_point'));
-             _pointID = null;
-             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-points');
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'add-point') return;
-               continueTo(placePoint);
-             });
-           }, msec + 100);
+           var addRow = selection.selectAll('.add-row').data([0]); // enter
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           var addRowEnter = addRow.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'add-row');
+           var addRelationButton = addRowEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'add-relation');
+           addRelationButton.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light'));
+           addRelationButton.call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.add_to_relation')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left'));
+           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-value'); // preserve space
 
-         function placePoint() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-point') {
-             return chapter.restart();
-           }
+           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-buttons'); // preserve space
+           // update
 
-           var pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
-           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'place_point' : 'place_point_touch';
-           reveal(pointBox, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId));
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
-             reveal(pointBox, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId), {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
-             _pointID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
-             continueTo(searchPreset);
+           addRow = addRow.merge(addRowEnter);
+           addRow.select('.add-relation').on('click', function () {
+             _showBlank = true;
+             section.reRender();
+             list.selectAll('.member-entity-input').node().focus();
            });
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           function acceptEntity(d) {
+             if (!d) {
+               cancelEntity();
+               return;
+             } // remove hover-higlighting
+
+
+             if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+             var role = context.cleanRelationRole(list.selectAll('.member-row-new .member-role').property('value'));
+             addMembership(d, role);
            }
-         }
 
-         function searchPreset() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-             return addPoint();
-           } // disallow scrolling
+           function cancelEntity() {
+             var input = newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input');
+             input.property('value', ''); // remove hover-higlighting
 
+             context.surface().selectAll('.highlighted').classed('highlighted', false);
+           }
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
-           reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.points.search_cafe', {
-             preset: cafePreset.name()
-           }));
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (!_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-               return continueTo(addPoint);
-             }
+           function bindTypeahead(d) {
+             var row = select(this);
+             var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
+             var origValue = role.property('value');
 
-             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             function sort(value, data) {
+               var sameletter = [];
+               var other = [];
 
-             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _pointID) {
-               // keep the user's point selected..
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_pointID])); // disallow scrolling
+               for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+                 if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
+                   sameletter.push(data[i]);
+                 } else {
+                   other.push(data[i]);
+                 }
+               }
 
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
-               reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.points.search_cafe', {
-                 preset: cafePreset.name()
-               }));
-               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+               return sameletter.concat(other);
              }
-           });
-
-           function checkPresetSearch() {
-             var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
 
-             if (first.classed('preset-amenity-cafe')) {
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
-               reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(), helpHtml('intro.points.choose_cafe', {
-                 preset: cafePreset.name()
-               }), {
-                 duration: 300
-               });
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-                 continueTo(aboutFeatureEditor);
+             role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role').fetcher(function (role, callback) {
+               var rtype = d.relation.tags.type;
+               taginfo.roles({
+                 debounce: true,
+                 rtype: rtype || '',
+                 geometry: context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]),
+                 query: role
+               }, function (err, data) {
+                 if (!err) callback(sort(role, data));
                });
-             }
+             }).on('cancel', function () {
+               role.property('value', origValue);
+             }));
            }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           function unbind() {
+             var row = select(this);
+             row.selectAll('input.member-role').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
            }
          }
 
-         function aboutFeatureEditor() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-             return addPoint();
-           }
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           _showBlank = false;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.feature_editor'), {
-               tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-                 continueTo(addName);
-               }
-             });
-           }, 400);
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
-             continueTo(reselectPoint);
-           });
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+       function uiSectionSelectionList(context) {
+         var _selectedIDs = [];
+         var section = uiSection('selected-features', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           return _selectedIDs.length > 1;
+         }).label(function () {
+           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: _t.html('inspector.features'),
+             count: _selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         context.history().on('change.selectionList', function (difference) {
+           if (difference) {
+             section.reRender();
            }
-         }
+         });
 
-         function addName() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-             return addPoint();
-           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedIDs;
+           _selectedIDs = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
+         function selectEntity(d3_event, entity) {
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));
+         }
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
-           var addNameString = helpHtml('intro.points.fields_info') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.points.add_name');
-           timeout(function () {
-             // It's possible for the user to add a name in a previous step..
-             // If so, don't tell them to add the name in this step.
-             // Give them an OK button instead.
-             var entity = context.entity(_pointID);
+         function deselectEntity(d3_event, entity) {
+           var selectedIDs = _selectedIDs.slice();
 
-             if (entity.tags.name) {
-               var tooltip = reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString, {
-                 tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
-                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-                 buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-                   continueTo(addCloseEditor);
-                 }
-               });
-               tooltip.select('.instruction').style('display', 'none');
-             } else {
-               reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString, {
-                 tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe'
-               });
-             }
-           }, 400);
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(addCloseEditor);
-           });
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
-             continueTo(reselectPoint);
-           });
+           var index = selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id);
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           if (index > -1) {
+             selectedIDs.splice(index, 1);
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
            }
          }
 
-         function addCloseEditor() {
-           // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
-           var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-           var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(reselectPoint);
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var list = selection.selectAll('.feature-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'feature-list').merge(list);
+
+           var entities = _selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return context.hasEntity(id);
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+
+           var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item').data(entities, osmEntity.key);
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
+
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'feature-list-item').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).on('mouseover', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
+             }).on('mouseout', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+             });
            });
-           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.add_close', {
-             button: icon(href, 'inline')
-           }));
+           var label = enter.append('button').attr('class', 'label').on('click', selectEntity);
+           label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-geom-icon').call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text'));
+           label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-type');
+           label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name');
+           enter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.deselect')).on('click', deselectEntity).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close')); // Update
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           items.selectAll('.entity-geom-icon use').attr('href', function () {
+             var entity = this.parentNode.parentNode.__data__;
+             return '#iD-icon-' + entity.geometry(context.graph());
+           });
+           items.selectAll('.entity-type').html(function (entity) {
+             return _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph()).name();
+           });
+           items.selectAll('.entity-name').html(function (d) {
+             // fetch latest entity
+             var entity = context.entity(d.id);
+             return utilDisplayName(entity);
+           });
          }
 
-         function reselectPoint() {
-           if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
-           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-           if (!entity) return chapter.restart(); // make sure it's still a cafe, in case user somehow changed it..
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-           context.replace(actionChangePreset(_pointID, oldPreset, cafePreset));
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           var msec = transitionTime(entity.loc, context.map().center());
+       function uiEntityEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('choose');
+         var _state = 'select';
+         var _coalesceChanges = false;
+         var _modified = false;
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           }
+         var _base;
 
-           context.map().centerEase(entity.loc, msec);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.reselect'), {
-               duration: 600
-             });
-             timeout(function () {
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-                 var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-                 if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
-                 var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-                 reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.reselect'), {
-                   duration: 0
-                 });
-               });
-             }, 600); // after reveal..
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-               continueTo(updatePoint);
-             });
-           }, msec + 100);
+         var _activePresets = [];
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+         var _newFeature;
 
-         function updatePoint() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-             return continueTo(reselectPoint);
-           } // reset pane, in case user happened to untag the point..
+         var _sections;
 
+         function entityEditor(selection) {
+           var combinedTags = utilCombinedTags(_entityIDs, context.graph()); // Header
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(reselectPoint);
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(updateCloseEditor);
-           });
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.update'), {
-               tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe'
-             });
-           }, 400);
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]); // Enter
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-reset preset-choose').call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward'));
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon(_modified ? '#iD-icon-apply' : '#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h3'); // Update
 
-         function updateCloseEditor() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-             return continueTo(reselectPoint);
-           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
+           header = header.merge(headerEnter);
+           header.selectAll('h3').html(_entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t.html('inspector.edit') : _t.html('inspector.edit_features'));
+           header.selectAll('.preset-reset').on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.call('choose', this, _activePresets);
+           }); // Body
 
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.inspector-body').data([0]); // Enter
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(rightClickPoint);
-           });
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.update_close', {
-               button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
-             }));
-           }, 500);
+           var bodyEnter = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'entity-editor inspector-body sep-top'); // Update
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           body = body.merge(bodyEnter);
+
+           if (!_sections) {
+             _sections = [uiSectionSelectionList(context), uiSectionFeatureType(context).on('choose', function (presets) {
+               dispatch.call('choose', this, presets);
+             }), uiSectionEntityIssues(context), uiSectionPresetFields(context).on('change', changeTags).on('revert', revertTags), uiSectionRawTagEditor('raw-tag-editor', context).on('change', changeTags), uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context), uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context)];
            }
-         }
 
-         function rightClickPoint() {
-           if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
-           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch';
-           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId), {
-             duration: 600
-           });
-           timeout(function () {
-             context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-               if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
-               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId), {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-           }, 600); // after reveal
+           _sections.forEach(function (section) {
+             if (section.entityIDs) {
+               section.entityIDs(_entityIDs);
+             }
 
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-             if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _pointID) return;
-             timeout(function () {
-               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
-               if (!node) return;
-               continueTo(enterDelete);
-             }, 50); // after menu visible
+             if (section.presets) {
+               section.presets(_activePresets);
+             }
+
+             if (section.tags) {
+               section.tags(combinedTags);
+             }
+
+             if (section.state) {
+               section.state(_state);
+             }
+
+             body.call(section.render);
            });
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           context.history().on('change.entity-editor', historyChanged);
+
+           function historyChanged(difference) {
+             if (selection.selectAll('.entity-editor').empty()) return;
+             if (_state === 'hide') return;
+             var significant = !difference || difference.didChange.properties || difference.didChange.addition || difference.didChange.deletion;
+             if (!significant) return;
+             _entityIDs = _entityIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
+             if (!_entityIDs.length) return;
+             var priorActivePreset = _activePresets.length === 1 && _activePresets[0];
+             loadActivePresets();
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             entityEditor.modified(_base !== graph);
+             entityEditor(selection);
+
+             if (priorActivePreset && _activePresets.length === 1 && priorActivePreset !== _activePresets[0]) {
+               // flash the button to indicate the preset changed
+               context.container().selectAll('.entity-editor button.preset-reset .label').style('background-color', '#fff').transition().duration(750).style('background-color', null);
+             }
            }
-         }
+         } // Tag changes that fire on input can all get coalesced into a single
+         // history operation when the user leaves the field.  #2342
+         // Use explicit entityIDs in case the selection changes before the event is fired.
 
-         function enterDelete() {
-           if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
-           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
-           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
 
-           if (!node) {
-             return continueTo(rightClickPoint);
+         function changeTags(entityIDs, changed, onInput) {
+           var actions = [];
+
+           for (var i in entityIDs) {
+             var entityID = entityIDs[i];
+             var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+
+             for (var k in changed) {
+               if (!k) continue;
+               var v = changed[k];
+
+               if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
+                 tags[k] = v;
+               }
+             }
+
+             if (!onInput) {
+               tags = utilCleanTags(tags);
+             }
+
+             if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
+               actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
+             }
            }
 
-           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.points.delete'), {
-             padding: 50
-           });
-           timeout(function () {
-             context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
-               reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.points.delete'), {
-                 duration: 0,
-                 padding: 50
+           if (actions.length) {
+             var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph) {
+               actions.forEach(function (action) {
+                 graph = action(graph);
                });
-             });
-           }, 300); // after menu visible
+               return graph;
+             };
 
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-             if (entity) return continueTo(rightClickPoint); // point still exists
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
-             if (changed.deleted().length) {
-               continueTo(undo);
+             var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');
+
+             if (_coalesceChanges) {
+               context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
+             } else {
+               context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
+               _coalesceChanges = !!onInput;
              }
-           });
+           } // if leaving field (blur event), rerun validation
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+
+           if (!onInput) {
+             context.validator().validate();
            }
          }
 
-         function undo() {
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(play);
-           });
-           reveal('.top-toolbar button.undo-button', helpHtml('intro.points.undo'));
+         function revertTags(keys) {
+           var actions = [];
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+             var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
+             var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
+             var changed = {};
 
-         function play() {
-           dispatch$1.call('done');
-           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.points.play', {
-             next: _t('intro.areas.title')
-           }), {
-             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-area',
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               reveal('.ideditor');
+             for (var j in keys) {
+               var key = keys[j];
+               changed[key] = original ? original.tags[key] : undefined;
              }
-           });
-         }
-
-         chapter.enter = function () {
-           addPoint();
-         };
 
-         chapter.exit = function () {
-           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-         };
+             var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-         chapter.restart = function () {
-           chapter.exit();
-           chapter.enter();
-         };
+             for (var k in changed) {
+               if (!k) continue;
+               var v = changed[k];
 
-         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+               if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
+                 tags[k] = v;
+               }
+             }
 
-       function uiIntroArea(context, reveal) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-         var playground = [-85.63552, 41.94159];
-         var playgroundPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('leisure/playground');
-         var nameField = _mainPresetIndex.field('name');
-         var descriptionField = _mainPresetIndex.field('description');
-         var timeouts = [];
+             tags = utilCleanTags(tags);
 
-         var _areaID;
+             if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
+               actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
+             }
+           }
 
-         var chapter = {
-           title: 'intro.areas.title'
-         };
+           if (actions.length) {
+             var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph) {
+               actions.forEach(function (action) {
+                 graph = action(graph);
+               });
+               return graph;
+             };
 
-         function timeout(f, t) {
-           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
-         }
+             var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');
 
-         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-         }
+             if (_coalesceChanges) {
+               context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
+             } else {
+               context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
+               _coalesceChanges = false;
+             }
+           }
 
-         function revealPlayground(center, text, options) {
-           var padding = 180 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
-           var box = pad(center, padding, context);
-           reveal(box, text, options);
+           context.validator().validate();
          }
 
-         function addArea() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('initial');
-           _areaID = null;
-           var msec = transitionTime(playground, context.map().center());
+         entityEditor.modified = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _modified;
+           _modified = val;
+           return entityEditor;
+         };
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           }
+         entityEditor.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           return entityEditor;
+         };
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(playground, 19, msec);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area', helpHtml('intro.areas.add_playground'));
-             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-areas');
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
-               continueTo(startPlayground);
-             });
-           }, msec + 100);
+         entityEditor.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs; // always reload these even if the entityIDs are unchanged, since we
+           // could be reselecting after something like dragging a node
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           _base = context.graph();
+           _coalesceChanges = false;
+           if (val && _entityIDs && utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) return entityEditor; // exit early if no change
 
-         function startPlayground() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
-             return chapter.restart();
-           }
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           loadActivePresets(true);
+           return entityEditor.modified(false);
+         };
 
-           _areaID = null;
-           context.map().zoomEase(19.5, 500);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'starting_node_click' : 'starting_node_tap';
-             var startDrawString = helpHtml('intro.areas.start_playground') + helpHtml('intro.areas.' + textId);
-             revealPlayground(playground, startDrawString, {
-               duration: 250
-             });
-             timeout(function () {
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-                 revealPlayground(playground, startDrawString, {
-                   duration: 0
-                 });
-               });
-               context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-                 if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
-                 continueTo(continuePlayground);
-               });
-             }, 250); // after reveal
-           }, 550); // after easing
+         entityEditor.newFeature = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
+           _newFeature = val;
+           return entityEditor;
+         };
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+         function loadActivePresets(isForNewSelection) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var counts = {};
 
-         function continuePlayground() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
-             return chapter.restart();
+           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+             var entity = graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
+             if (!entity) return;
+             var match = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+             if (!counts[match.id]) counts[match.id] = 0;
+             counts[match.id] += 1;
            }
 
-           _areaID = null;
-           revealPlayground(playground, helpHtml('intro.areas.continue_playground'), {
-             duration: 250
+           var matches = Object.keys(counts).sort(function (p1, p2) {
+             return counts[p2] - counts[p1];
+           }).map(function (pID) {
+             return _mainPresetIndex.item(pID);
            });
-           timeout(function () {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               revealPlayground(playground, helpHtml('intro.areas.continue_playground'), {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-           }, 250); // after reveal
-
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
 
-               if (entity && entity.nodes.length >= 6) {
-                 return continueTo(finishPlayground);
-               } else {
-                 return;
-               }
-             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-               _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
-               return continueTo(searchPresets);
-             } else {
-               return chapter.restart();
-             }
-           });
+           if (!isForNewSelection) {
+             // A "weak" preset doesn't set any tags. (e.g. "Address")
+             var weakPreset = _activePresets.length === 1 && !_activePresets[0].isFallback() && Object.keys(_activePresets[0].addTags || {}).length === 0; // Don't replace a weak preset with a fallback preset (e.g. "Point")
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+             if (weakPreset && matches.length === 1 && matches[0].isFallback()) return;
            }
+
+           entityEditor.presets(matches);
          }
 
-         function finishPlayground() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
-             return chapter.restart();
+         entityEditor.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _activePresets; // don't reload the same preset
+
+           if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _activePresets)) {
+             _activePresets = val;
            }
 
-           _areaID = null;
-           var finishString = helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_playground');
-           revealPlayground(playground, finishString, {
-             duration: 250
-           });
-           timeout(function () {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               revealPlayground(playground, finishString, {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-           }, 250); // after reveal
+           return entityEditor;
+         };
 
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
-               return;
-             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-               _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
-               return continueTo(searchPresets);
-             } else {
-               return chapter.restart();
-             }
-           });
+         return utilRebind(entityEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+       function uiPresetList(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('cancel', 'choose');
 
-         function searchPresets() {
-           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-             return addArea();
-           }
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+         var _currLoc;
 
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID]));
-           } // disallow scrolling
+         var _currentPresets;
 
+         var _autofocus = false;
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-           timeout(function () {
-             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
-             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
-             reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.areas.search_playground', {
-               preset: playgroundPreset.name()
-             }));
-           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
+         function presetList(selection) {
+           if (!_entityIDs) return;
+           var presets = _mainPresetIndex.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
+           selection.html('');
+           var messagewrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           var message = messagewrap.append('h3').html(_t.html('inspector.choose'));
+           messagewrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-choose').on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.call('cancel', this);
+           }).call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'));
 
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-               return continueTo(addArea);
+           function initialKeydown(d3_event) {
+             // hack to let delete shortcut work when search is autofocused
+             if (search.property('value').length === 0 && (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌫'] || d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌦'])) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               operationDelete(context, _entityIDs)(); // hack to let undo work when search is autofocused
+             } else if (search.property('value').length === 0 && (d3_event.ctrlKey || d3_event.metaKey) && d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes.z) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               context.undo();
+             } else if (!d3_event.ctrlKey && !d3_event.metaKey) {
+               // don't check for delete/undo hack on future keydown events
+               select(this).on('keydown', keydown);
+               keydown.call(this, d3_event);
              }
+           }
 
-             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           function keydown(d3_event) {
+             // down arrow
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓'] && // if insertion point is at the end of the string
+             search.node().selectionStart === search.property('value').length) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation(); // move focus to the first item in the preset list
 
-             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-               // keep the user's area selected..
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID])); // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+               var buttons = list.selectAll('.preset-list-button');
+               if (!buttons.empty()) buttons.nodes()[0].focus();
+             }
+           }
 
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%'); // disallow scrolling
+           function keypress(d3_event) {
+             // enter
+             var value = search.property('value');
 
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
-               reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.areas.search_playground', {
-                 preset: playgroundPreset.name()
-               }));
-               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
+             value.length) {
+               list.selectAll('.preset-list-item:first-child').each(function (d) {
+                 d.choose.call(this);
+               });
              }
-           });
+           }
 
-           function checkPresetSearch() {
-             var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
+           function inputevent() {
+             var value = search.property('value');
+             list.classed('filtered', value.length);
+             var results, messageText;
 
-             if (first.classed('preset-leisure-playground')) {
-               reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(), helpHtml('intro.areas.choose_playground', {
-                 preset: playgroundPreset.name()
-               }), {
-                 duration: 300
-               });
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-                 continueTo(clickAddField);
+             if (value.length) {
+               results = presets.search(value, entityGeometries()[0], _currLoc);
+               messageText = _t('inspector.results', {
+                 n: results.collection.length,
+                 search: value
                });
+             } else {
+               results = _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro(), _currLoc);
+               messageText = _t('inspector.choose');
              }
-           }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+             list.call(drawList, results);
+             message.html(messageText);
            }
-         }
 
-         function clickAddField() {
-           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-             return addArea();
-           }
+           var searchWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'search-header');
+           searchWrap.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));
+           var search = searchWrap.append('input').attr('class', 'preset-search-input').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search')).attr('type', 'search').call(utilNoAuto).on('keydown', initialKeydown).on('keypress', keypress).on('input', debounce(inputevent));
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           if (_autofocus) {
+             search.node().focus(); // Safari 14 doesn't always like to focus immediately,
+             // so try again on the next pass
 
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-             return searchPresets();
+             setTimeout(function () {
+               search.node().focus();
+             }, 0);
            }
 
-           if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
-             return continueTo(describePlayground);
-           } // disallow scrolling
+           var listWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'inspector-body');
+           var list = listWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list').call(drawList, _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro(), _currLoc));
+           context.features().on('change.preset-list', updateForFeatureHiddenState);
+         }
 
+         function drawList(list, presets) {
+           presets = presets.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
+           var collection = presets.collection.reduce(function (collection, preset) {
+             if (!preset) return collection;
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-           timeout(function () {
-             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%'); // It's possible for the user to add a description in a previous step..
-             // If they did this already, just continue to next step.
+             if (preset.members) {
+               if (preset.members.collection.filter(function (preset) {
+                 return preset.addable();
+               }).length > 1) {
+                 collection.push(CategoryItem(preset));
+               }
+             } else if (preset.addable()) {
+               collection.push(PresetItem(preset));
+             }
 
-             var entity = context.entity(_areaID);
+             return collection;
+           }, []);
+           var items = list.selectAll('.preset-list-item').data(collection, function (d) {
+             return d.preset.id;
+           });
+           items.order();
+           items.exit().remove();
+           items.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (item) {
+             return 'preset-list-item preset-' + item.preset.id.replace('/', '-');
+           }).classed('current', function (item) {
+             return _currentPresets.indexOf(item.preset) !== -1;
+           }).each(function (item) {
+             select(this).call(item);
+           }).style('opacity', 0).transition().style('opacity', 1);
+           updateForFeatureHiddenState();
+         }
 
-             if (entity.tags.description) {
-               return continueTo(play);
-             } // scroll "Add field" into view
+         function itemKeydown(d3_event) {
+           // the actively focused item
+           var item = select(this.closest('.preset-list-item'));
+           var parentItem = select(item.node().parentNode.closest('.preset-list-item')); // arrow down, move focus to the next, lower item
 
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓']) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // the next item in the list at the same level
 
-             var box = context.container().select('.more-fields').node().getBoundingClientRect();
+             var nextItem = select(item.node().nextElementSibling); // if there is no next item in this list
 
-             if (box.top > 300) {
-               var pane = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
-               var start = pane.node().scrollTop;
-               var end = start + (box.top - 300);
-               pane.transition().duration(250).tween('scroll.inspector', function () {
-                 var node = this;
-                 var i = d3_interpolateNumber(start, end);
-                 return function (t) {
-                   node.scrollTop = i(t);
-                 };
-               });
+             if (nextItem.empty()) {
+               // if there is a parent item
+               if (!parentItem.empty()) {
+                 // the item is the last item of a sublist,
+                 // select the next item at the parent level
+                 nextItem = select(parentItem.node().nextElementSibling);
+               } // if the focused item is expanded
+
+             } else if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
+               // select the first subitem instead
+               nextItem = item.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:first-child');
              }
 
-             timeout(function () {
-               reveal('.more-fields .combobox-input', helpHtml('intro.areas.add_field', {
-                 name: nameField.label(),
-                 description: descriptionField.label()
-               }), {
-                 duration: 300
-               });
-               context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', function () {
-                 // Watch for the combobox to appear...
-                 var watcher;
-                 watcher = window.setInterval(function () {
-                   if (!context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
-                     window.clearInterval(watcher);
-                     continueTo(chooseDescriptionField);
-                   }
-                 }, 300);
-               });
-             }, 300); // after "Add Field" visible
-           }, 400); // after editor pane visible
+             if (!nextItem.empty()) {
+               // focus on the next item
+               nextItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
+             } // arrow up, move focus to the previous, higher item
+
+           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↑']) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // the previous item in the list at the same level
+
+             var previousItem = select(item.node().previousElementSibling); // if there is no previous item in this list
+
+             if (previousItem.empty()) {
+               // if there is a parent item
+               if (!parentItem.empty()) {
+                 // the item is the first subitem of a sublist select the parent item
+                 previousItem = parentItem;
+               } // if the previous item is expanded
 
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             return continueTo(searchPresets);
-           });
+             } else if (previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').classed('expanded')) {
+               // select the last subitem of the sublist of the previous item
+               previousItem = previousItem.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:last-child');
+             }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+             if (!previousItem.empty()) {
+               // focus on the previous item
+               previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
+             } else {
+               // the focus is at the top of the list, move focus back to the search field
+               var search = select(this.closest('.preset-list-pane')).select('.preset-search-input');
+               search.node().focus();
+             } // arrow left, move focus to the parent item if there is one
 
-         function chooseDescriptionField() {
-           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-             return addArea();
-           }
+           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '→' : '←']) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // if there is a parent item, focus on the parent item
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             if (!parentItem.empty()) {
+               parentItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
+             } // arrow right, choose this item
 
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-             return searchPresets();
+           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '←' : '→']) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             item.datum().choose.call(select(this).node());
            }
+         }
 
-           if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
-             return continueTo(describePlayground);
-           } // Make sure combobox is ready..
+         function CategoryItem(preset) {
+           var box,
+               sublist,
+               shown = false;
+
+           function item(selection) {
+             var wrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap category');
 
+             function click() {
+               var isExpanded = select(this).classed('expanded');
+               var iconName = isExpanded ? _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-down';
+               select(this).classed('expanded', !isExpanded);
+               select(this).selectAll('div.label-inner svg.icon use').attr('href', iconName);
+               item.choose();
+             }
 
-           if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
-             return continueTo(clickAddField);
-           } // Watch for the combobox to go away..
+             var geometries = entityGeometries();
+             var button = wrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-list-button').classed('expanded', false).call(uiPresetIcon().geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0]).preset(preset)).on('click', click).on('keydown', function (d3_event) {
+               // right arrow, expand the focused item
+               if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '←' : '→']) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation(); // if the item isn't expanded
 
+                 if (!select(this).classed('expanded')) {
+                   // toggle expansion (expand the item)
+                   click.call(this, d3_event);
+                 } // left arrow, collapse the focused item
 
-           var watcher;
-           watcher = window.setInterval(function () {
-             if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
-               window.clearInterval(watcher);
-               timeout(function () {
-                 if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
-                   continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
-                 } else {
-                   continueTo(describePlayground);
+               } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '→' : '←']) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation(); // if the item is expanded
+
+                 if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
+                   // toggle expansion (collapse the item)
+                   click.call(this, d3_event);
                  }
-               }, 300); // after description field added.
+               } else {
+                 itemKeydown.call(this, d3_event);
+               }
+             });
+             var label = button.append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('div').attr('class', 'label-inner');
+             label.append('div').attr('class', 'namepart').call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward', 'inline')).append('span').html(function () {
+               return preset.nameLabel() + '&hellip;';
+             });
+             box = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'subgrid').style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', 0);
+             box.append('div').attr('class', 'arrow');
+             sublist = box.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list fillL3');
+           }
+
+           item.choose = function () {
+             if (!box || !sublist) return;
+
+             if (shown) {
+               shown = false;
+               box.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').style('max-height', '0px').style('padding-bottom', '0px');
+             } else {
+               shown = true;
+               var members = preset.members.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
+               sublist.call(drawList, members);
+               box.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '1').style('max-height', 200 + members.collection.length * 190 + 'px').style('padding-bottom', '10px');
              }
-           }, 300);
-           reveal('div.combobox', helpHtml('intro.areas.choose_field', {
-             field: descriptionField.label()
-           }), {
-             duration: 300
-           });
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             return continueTo(searchPresets);
-           });
+           };
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             if (watcher) window.clearInterval(watcher);
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           item.preset = preset;
+           return item;
          }
 
-         function describePlayground() {
-           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-             return addArea();
+         function PresetItem(preset) {
+           function item(selection) {
+             var wrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');
+             var geometries = entityGeometries();
+             var button = wrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-list-button').call(uiPresetIcon().geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0]).preset(preset)).on('click', item.choose).on('keydown', itemKeydown);
+             var label = button.append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('div').attr('class', 'label-inner');
+             var nameparts = [preset.nameLabel(), preset.subtitleLabel()].filter(Boolean);
+             label.selectAll('.namepart').data(nameparts).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'namepart').html(function (d) {
+               return d;
+             });
+             wrap.call(item.reference.button);
+             selection.call(item.reference.body);
            }
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           item.choose = function () {
+             if (select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
 
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-             return searchPresets();
-           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
+             if (!context.inIntro()) {
+               _mainPresetIndex.setMostRecent(preset, entityGeometries()[0]);
+             }
 
+             context.perform(function (graph) {
+               for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+                 var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
+                 var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(graph.entity(entityID), graph);
+                 graph = actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, preset)(graph);
+               }
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+               return graph;
+             }, _t('operations.change_tags.annotation'));
+             context.validator().validate(); // rerun validation
 
-           if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
-             return continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
-           }
+             dispatch.call('choose', this, preset);
+           };
 
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(play);
-           });
-           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.areas.describe_playground', {
-             button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
-           }), {
-             duration: 300
-           });
+           item.help = function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             item.reference.toggle();
+           };
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           item.preset = preset;
+           item.reference = uiTagReference(preset.reference());
+           return item;
          }
 
-         function retryChooseDescription() {
-           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-             return addArea();
-           }
-
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-             return searchPresets();
-           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
+         function updateForFeatureHiddenState() {
+           if (!_entityIDs.every(context.hasEntity)) return;
+           var geometries = entityGeometries();
+           var button = context.container().selectAll('.preset-list .preset-list-button'); // remove existing tooltips
 
+           button.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
+           button.each(function (item, index) {
+             var hiddenPresetFeaturesId;
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
-           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.areas.retry_add_field', {
-             field: descriptionField.label()
-           }), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               continueTo(clickAddField);
+             for (var i in geometries) {
+               hiddenPresetFeaturesId = context.features().isHiddenPreset(item.preset, geometries[i]);
+               if (hiddenPresetFeaturesId) break;
              }
-           });
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             return continueTo(searchPresets);
-           });
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+             var isHiddenPreset = !context.inIntro() && !!hiddenPresetFeaturesId && (_currentPresets.length !== 1 || item.preset !== _currentPresets[0]);
+             select(this).classed('disabled', isHiddenPreset);
 
-         function play() {
-           dispatch$1.call('done');
-           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.areas.play', {
-             next: _t('intro.lines.title')
-           }), {
-             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-line',
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               reveal('.ideditor');
+             if (isHiddenPreset) {
+               var isAutoHidden = context.features().autoHidden(hiddenPresetFeaturesId);
+               select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.hidden_preset.' + (isAutoHidden ? 'zoom' : 'manual'), {
+                 features: _t.html('feature.' + hiddenPresetFeaturesId + '.description')
+               })).placement(index < 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top'));
              }
            });
          }
 
-         chapter.enter = function () {
-           addArea();
+         presetList.autofocus = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _autofocus;
+           _autofocus = val;
+           return presetList;
          };
 
-         chapter.exit = function () {
-           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
-         };
+         presetList.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           _currLoc = null;
 
-         chapter.restart = function () {
-           chapter.exit();
-           chapter.enter();
-         };
+           if (_entityIDs && _entityIDs.length) {
+             // calculate current location
+             var extent = _entityIDs.reduce(function (extent, entityID) {
+               var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
+               return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+             }, geoExtent());
 
-         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             _currLoc = extent.center(); // match presets
 
-       function uiIntroLine(context, reveal) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-         var timeouts = [];
-         var _tulipRoadID = null;
-         var flowerRoadID = 'w646';
-         var tulipRoadStart = [-85.6297754121684, 41.95805253325314];
-         var tulipRoadMidpoint = [-85.62975395449628, 41.95787501510204];
-         var tulipRoadIntersection = [-85.62974496187628, 41.95742515554585];
-         var roadCategory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-road_minor');
-         var residentialPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('highway/residential');
-         var woodRoadID = 'w525';
-         var woodRoadEndID = 'n2862';
-         var woodRoadAddNode = [-85.62390110349587, 41.95397111462291];
-         var woodRoadDragEndpoint = [-85.623867390213, 41.95466987786487];
-         var woodRoadDragMidpoint = [-85.62386254803509, 41.95430395953872];
-         var washingtonStreetID = 'w522';
-         var twelfthAvenueID = 'w1';
-         var eleventhAvenueEndID = 'n3550';
-         var twelfthAvenueEndID = 'n5';
-         var _washingtonSegmentID = null;
-         var eleventhAvenueEnd = context.entity(eleventhAvenueEndID).loc;
-         var twelfthAvenueEnd = context.entity(twelfthAvenueEndID).loc;
-         var deleteLinesLoc = [-85.6219395542764, 41.95228033922477];
-         var twelfthAvenue = [-85.62219310052491, 41.952505413152956];
-         var chapter = {
-           title: 'intro.lines.title'
-         };
+             var presets = _entityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+               return _mainPresetIndex.match(context.entity(entityID), context.graph());
+             });
 
-         function timeout(f, t) {
-           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
-         }
+             presetList.presets(presets);
+           }
 
-         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-         }
+           return presetList;
+         };
 
-         function addLine() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('initial');
-           var msec = transitionTime(tulipRoadStart, context.map().center());
+         presetList.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _currentPresets;
+           _currentPresets = val;
+           return presetList;
+         };
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           }
+         function entityGeometries() {
+           var counts = {};
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(tulipRoadStart, 18.5, msec);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-line', helpHtml('intro.lines.add_line'));
-             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-lines');
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'add-line') return;
-               continueTo(startLine);
-             });
-           }, msec + 100);
+           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+             var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
+             var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph()); // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices (#3241)
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+             if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(context.graph())) {
+               geometry = 'point';
+             }
+
+             if (!counts[geometry]) counts[geometry] = 0;
+             counts[geometry] += 1;
            }
-         }
 
-         function startLine() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-line') return chapter.restart();
-           _tulipRoadID = null;
-           var padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-           var box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
-           box.height = box.height + 100;
-           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'start_line' : 'start_line_tap';
-           var startLineString = helpHtml('intro.lines.missing_road') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.lines.line_draw_info') + helpHtml('intro.lines.' + textId);
-           reveal(box, startLineString);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-             box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
-             box.height = box.height + 100;
-             reveal(box, startLineString, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
-             continueTo(drawLine);
+           return Object.keys(counts).sort(function (geom1, geom2) {
+             return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
            });
-
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
          }
 
-         function drawLine() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
-           _tulipRoadID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
-           context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadMidpoint, 500);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
-             var box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
-             box.height = box.height * 2;
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.intersect', {
-               name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street')
-             }));
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
-               box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
-               box.height = box.height * 2;
-               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.intersect', {
-                 name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street')
-               }), {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-           }, 550); // after easing..
+         return utilRebind(presetList, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (isLineConnected()) {
-               continueTo(continueLine);
-             }
-           });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id === 'draw-line') {
-               return;
-             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-               continueTo(retryIntersect);
-               return;
-             } else {
-               return chapter.restart();
-             }
-           });
+       function uiViewOnOSM(context) {
+         var _what; // an osmEntity or osmNote
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+
+         function viewOnOSM(selection) {
+           var url;
+
+           if (_what instanceof osmEntity) {
+             url = context.connection().entityURL(_what);
+           } else if (_what instanceof osmNote) {
+             url = context.connection().noteURL(_what);
            }
-         }
 
-         function isLineConnected() {
-           var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
+           var data = !_what || _what.isNew() ? [] : [_what];
+           var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osm').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           if (!entity) return false;
-           var drawNodes = context.graph().childNodes(entity);
-           return drawNodes.some(function (node) {
-             return context.graph().parentWays(node).some(function (parent) {
-               return parent.id === flowerRoadID;
-             });
-           });
-         }
+           link.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         function retryIntersect() {
-           select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', eventCancel, true);
-           var box = pad(tulipRoadIntersection, 80, context);
-           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_intersect', {
-             name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street')
-           }));
-           timeout(chapter.restart, 3000);
+           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'view-on-osm').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', url).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           linkEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('inspector.view_on_osm'));
          }
 
-         function continueLine() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
+         viewOnOSM.what = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _what;
+           _what = _;
+           return viewOnOSM;
+         };
 
-           var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
+         return viewOnOSM;
+       }
 
-           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
-           context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadIntersection, 500);
-           var continueLineText = helpHtml('intro.lines.continue_line') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.lines.finish_line_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.lines.finish_road');
-           reveal('.surface', continueLineText);
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id === 'draw-line') return;else if (mode.id === 'select') return continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad);else return chapter.restart();
-           });
+       function uiInspector(context) {
+         var presetList = uiPresetList(context);
+         var entityEditor = uiEntityEditor(context);
+         var wrap = select(null),
+             presetPane = select(null),
+             editorPane = select(null);
+         var _state = 'select';
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-         function chooseCategoryRoad() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             return chapter.restart();
+         var _newFeature = false;
+
+         function inspector(selection) {
+           presetList.entityIDs(_entityIDs).autofocus(_newFeature).on('choose', inspector.setPreset).on('cancel', function () {
+             inspector.setPreset();
            });
-           var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .preset-list-button');
-           if (button.empty()) return chapter.restart(); // disallow scrolling
+           entityEditor.state(_state).entityIDs(_entityIDs).on('choose', inspector.showList);
+           wrap = selection.selectAll('.panewrap').data([0]);
+           var enter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'panewrap');
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-pane pane');
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'entity-editor-pane pane');
+           wrap = wrap.merge(enter);
+           presetPane = wrap.selectAll('.preset-list-pane');
+           editorPane = wrap.selectAll('.entity-editor-pane');
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-           timeout(function () {
-             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
-             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.lines.choose_category_road', {
-               category: roadCategory.name()
-             }));
-             button.on('click.intro', function () {
-               continueTo(choosePresetResidential);
-             });
-           }, 400); // after editor pane visible
+           function shouldDefaultToPresetList() {
+             // always show the inspector on hover
+             if (_state !== 'select') return false; // can only change preset on single selection
+
+             if (_entityIDs.length !== 1) return false;
+             var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+             if (!entity) return false; // default to inspector if there are already tags
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+             if (entity.hasNonGeometryTags()) return false; // prompt to select preset if feature is new and untagged
 
-         function choosePresetResidential() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             return chapter.restart();
-           });
-           var subgrid = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .subgrid');
-           if (subgrid.empty()) return chapter.restart();
-           subgrid.selectAll(':not(.preset-highway-residential) .preset-list-button').on('click.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(retryPresetResidential);
-           });
-           subgrid.selectAll('.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button').on('click.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(nameRoad);
-           });
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal(subgrid.node(), helpHtml('intro.lines.choose_preset_residential', {
-               preset: residentialPreset.name()
-             }), {
-               tooltipBox: '.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button',
-               duration: 300
-             });
-           }, 300);
+             if (_newFeature) return true; // all existing features except vertices should default to inspector
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         } // selected wrong road type
+             if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex') return false; // show vertex relations if any
 
+             if (context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length) return false; // show vertex issues if there are any
 
-         function retryPresetResidential() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             return chapter.restart();
-           }); // disallow scrolling
+             if (context.validator().getEntityIssues(entityID).length) return false; // show turn retriction editor for junction vertices
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var button = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .preset-list-button');
-             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_preset_residential', {
-               preset: residentialPreset.name()
-             }));
-             button.on('click.intro', function () {
-               continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad);
-             });
-           }, 500);
+             if (entity.isHighwayIntersection(context.graph())) return false; // otherwise show preset list for uninteresting vertices
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+             return true;
+           }
+
+           if (shouldDefaultToPresetList()) {
+             wrap.style('right', '-100%');
+             editorPane.classed('hide', true);
+             presetPane.classed('hide', false).call(presetList);
+           } else {
+             wrap.style('right', '0%');
+             presetPane.classed('hide', true);
+             editorPane.classed('hide', false).call(entityEditor);
            }
+
+           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
+           footer = footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer);
+           footer.call(uiViewOnOSM(context).what(context.hasEntity(_entityIDs.length === 1 && _entityIDs[0])));
          }
 
-         function nameRoad() {
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(didNameRoad);
+         inspector.showList = function (presets) {
+           presetPane.classed('hide', false);
+           wrap.transition().styleTween('right', function () {
+             return interpolate$1('0%', '-100%');
+           }).on('end', function () {
+             editorPane.classed('hide', true);
            });
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.lines.name_road', {
-               button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
-             }), {
-               tooltipClass: 'intro-lines-name_road'
-             });
-           }, 500);
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+           if (presets) {
+             presetList.presets(presets);
            }
-         }
 
-         function didNameRoad() {
-           context.history().checkpoint('doneAddLine');
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.lines.did_name_road'), {
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-                 continueTo(updateLine);
-               }
+           presetPane.call(presetList.autofocus(true));
+         };
+
+         inspector.setPreset = function (preset) {
+           // upon setting multipolygon, go to the area preset list instead of the editor
+           if (preset && preset.id === 'type/multipolygon') {
+             presetPane.call(presetList.autofocus(true));
+           } else {
+             editorPane.classed('hide', false);
+             wrap.transition().styleTween('right', function () {
+               return interpolate$1('-100%', '0%');
+             }).on('end', function () {
+               presetPane.classed('hide', true);
              });
-           }, 500);
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             nextStep();
+             if (preset) {
+               entityEditor.presets([preset]);
+             }
+
+             editorPane.call(entityEditor);
            }
-         }
+         };
 
-         function updateLine() {
-           context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
+         inspector.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           entityEditor.state(_state); // remove any old field help overlay that might have gotten attached to the inspector
 
-           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-             return chapter.restart();
-           }
+           context.container().selectAll('.field-help-body').remove();
+           return inspector;
+         };
 
-           var msec = transitionTime(woodRoadDragMidpoint, context.map().center());
+         inspector.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return inspector;
+         };
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           }
+         inspector.newFeature = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
+           _newFeature = val;
+           return inspector;
+         };
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(woodRoadDragMidpoint, 19, msec);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-             var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
+         return inspector;
+       }
 
-             var advance = function advance() {
-               continueTo(addNode);
-             };
+       function uiImproveOsmComments() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.update_line'), {
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: advance
+         function issueComments(selection) {
+           // make the div immediately so it appears above the buttons
+           var comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container').data([0]);
+           comments = comments.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comments-container').merge(comments); // must retrieve comments from API before they can be displayed
+
+           services.improveOSM.getComments(_qaItem).then(function (d) {
+             if (!d.comments) return; // nothing to do here
+
+             var commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment').data(d.comments).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comment');
+             commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-avatar').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));
+             var mainEnter = commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-main');
+             var metadataEnter = mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-metadata');
+             metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-author').each(function (d) {
+               var osm = services.osm;
+               var selection = select(this);
+
+               if (osm && d.username) {
+                 selection = selection.append('a').attr('class', 'comment-author-link').attr('href', osm.userURL(d.username)).attr('target', '_blank');
+               }
+
+               selection.html(function (d) {
+                 return d.username;
+               });
              });
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-               var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
-               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.update_line'), {
-                 duration: 0,
-                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-                 buttonCallback: advance
+             metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-date').html(function (d) {
+               return _t.html('note.status.commented', {
+                 when: localeDateString(d.timestamp)
                });
              });
-           }, msec + 100);
+             mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-text').append('p').html(function (d) {
+               return d.text;
+             });
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+           });
+         }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+         function localeDateString(s) {
+           if (!s) return null;
+           var options = {
+             day: 'numeric',
+             month: 'short',
+             year: 'numeric'
+           };
+           var d = new Date(s * 1000); // timestamp is served in seconds, date takes ms
+
+           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+           return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
          }
 
-         function addNode() {
-           context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
+         issueComments.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return issueComments;
+         };
 
-           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-             return chapter.restart();
-           }
+         return issueComments;
+       }
 
-           var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-           var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
-           var addNodeString = helpHtml('intro.lines.add_node' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
-           reveal(box, addNodeString);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-             var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
-             reveal(box, addNodeString, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-               return continueTo(updateLine);
-             }
+       function uiImproveOsmDetails(context) {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-             if (changed.created().length === 1) {
-               timeout(function () {
-                 continueTo(startDragEndpoint);
-               }, 500);
-             }
-           });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id !== 'select') {
-               continueTo(updateLine);
-             }
-           });
+         function issueDetail(d) {
+           if (d.desc) return d.desc;
+           var issueKey = d.issueKey;
+           d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
+           d.replacements["default"] = _t.html('inspector.unknown'); // special key `default` works as a fallback string
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           return _t.html("QA.improveOSM.error_types.".concat(issueKey, ".description"), d.replacements);
          }
 
-         function startDragEndpoint() {
-           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-             return continueTo(updateLine);
-           }
+         function improveOsmDetails(selection) {
+           var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           details.exit().remove();
+           var detailsEnter = details.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container'); // description
 
-           var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-           var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-           var startDragString = helpHtml('intro.lines.start_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch')) + helpHtml('intro.lines.drag_to_intersection');
-           reveal(box, startDragString);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-               return continueTo(updateLine);
-             }
+           var descriptionEnter = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+           descriptionEnter.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
+           descriptionEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text').html(issueDetail); // If there are entity links in the error message..
 
-             var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-             var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-             reveal(box, startDragString, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-             var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
+           var relatedEntities = [];
+           descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link').attr('href', '#').each(function () {
+             var link = select(this);
+             var isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
+             var entityID = isObjectLink ? utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId : this.textContent;
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+             relatedEntities.push(entityID); // Add click handler
 
-             if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) <= 4) {
-               continueTo(finishDragEndpoint);
-             }
-           });
+             link.on('mouseenter', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
+             }).on('mouseleave', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+               var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+               if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
+                 osmlayer.enabled(true);
+               }
 
-         function finishDragEndpoint() {
-           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-             return continueTo(updateLine);
-           }
+               context.map().centerZoom(_qaItem.loc, 20);
 
-           var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-           var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-           var finishDragString = helpHtml('intro.lines.spot_looks_good') + helpHtml('intro.lines.finish_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
-           reveal(box, finishDragString);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-               return continueTo(updateLine);
-             }
+               if (entity) {
+                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+               } else {
+                 context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
+                   if (err) return;
+                   var entity = result.data.find(function (e) {
+                     return e.id === entityID;
+                   });
+                   if (entity) context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+                 });
+               }
+             }); // Replace with friendly name if possible
+             // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
 
-             var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-             var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-             reveal(box, finishDragString, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-             var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
+             if (entity) {
+               var name = utilDisplayName(entity); // try to use common name
 
-             if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) > 4) {
-               continueTo(startDragEndpoint);
+               if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
+                 var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+                 name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name(); // fallback to preset name
+               }
+
+               if (name) {
+                 this.innerText = name;
+               }
              }
-           });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(startDragMidpoint);
-           });
+           }); // Don't hide entities related to this error - #5880
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
+           context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
          }
 
-         function startDragMidpoint() {
-           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-             return continueTo(updateLine);
-           }
+         improveOsmDetails.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return improveOsmDetails;
+         };
 
-           if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(woodRoadID) === -1) {
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
-           }
+         return improveOsmDetails;
+       }
 
-           var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-           var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
-           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'));
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-               return continueTo(updateLine);
-             }
+       function uiImproveOsmHeader() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-             var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-             var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'), {
-               duration: 0
-             });
+         function issueTitle(d) {
+           var issueKey = d.issueKey;
+           d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
+           d.replacements["default"] = _t.html('inspector.unknown'); // special key `default` works as a fallback string
+
+           return _t.html("QA.improveOSM.error_types.".concat(issueKey, ".title"), d.replacements);
+         }
+
+         function improveOsmHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
            });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
-             if (changed.created().length === 1) {
-               continueTo(continueDragMidpoint);
-             }
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header');
+           var svgEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-icon').classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
+           }).append('svg').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "preset-icon-28 qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
            });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id !== 'select') {
-               // keep Wood Road selected so midpoint triangles are drawn..
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
+           svgEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', 'currentColor').attr('class', 'qaItem-fill').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
+           svgEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = d.icon;
+
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
              }
            });
-
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-label').html(issueTitle);
          }
 
-         function continueDragMidpoint() {
-           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-             return continueTo(updateLine);
-           }
-
-           var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-           var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-           box.height += 400;
+         improveOsmHeader.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return improveOsmHeader;
+         };
 
-           var advance = function advance() {
-             context.history().checkpoint('doneUpdateLine');
-             continueTo(deleteLines);
-           };
+         return improveOsmHeader;
+       }
 
-           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: advance
-           });
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-               return continueTo(updateLine);
-             }
+       function uiImproveOsmEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var qaDetails = uiImproveOsmDetails(context);
+         var qaComments = uiImproveOsmComments();
+         var qaHeader = uiImproveOsmHeader();
 
-             var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-             var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-             box.height += 400;
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: advance
-             });
-           });
+         var _qaItem;
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+         function improveOsmEditor(selection) {
+           var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
+             return context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('QA.improveOSM.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor').data([0]);
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor').merge(editor).call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaComments.issue(_qaItem)).call(improveOsmSaveSection);
          }
 
-         function deleteLines() {
-           context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         function improveOsmSaveSection(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
+
+           var isShown = _qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment);
+           var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save').data(isShown ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           }); // exit
+
+           saveSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-             return chapter.restart();
-           }
+           var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');
+           saveSectionEnter.append('h4').attr('class', '.qa-save-header').html(_t.html('note.newComment'));
+           saveSectionEnter.append('textarea').attr('class', 'new-comment-input').attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder')).attr('maxlength', 1000).property('value', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('input', changeInput).on('blur', changeInput); // update
 
-           var msec = transitionTime(deleteLinesLoc, context.map().center());
+           saveSection = saveSectionEnter.merge(saveSection).call(qaSaveButtons);
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           }
+           function changeInput() {
+             var input = select(this);
+             var val = input.property('value').trim();
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(deleteLinesLoc, 18, msec);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-             var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
-             box.top -= 200;
-             box.height += 400;
+             if (val === '') {
+               val = undefined;
+             } // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
 
-             var advance = function advance() {
-               continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-             };
 
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.delete_lines', {
-               street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue')
-             }), {
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: advance
-             });
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
-               box.top -= 200;
-               box.height += 400;
-               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.delete_lines', {
-                 street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue')
-               }), {
-                 duration: 0,
-                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-                 buttonCallback: advance
-               });
-             });
-             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-               timeout(function () {
-                 continueTo(deleteLines);
-               }, 500); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+             _qaItem = _qaItem.update({
+               newComment: val
              });
-           }, msec + 100);
+             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+             if (qaService) {
+               qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem);
+             }
+
+             saveSection.call(qaSaveButtons);
            }
          }
 
-         function rightClickIntersection() {
-           context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);
-           var rightClickString = helpHtml('intro.lines.split_street', {
-             street1: _t('intro.graph.name.11th-avenue'),
-             street2: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
-           }) + helpHtml('intro.lines.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_intersection' : 'edit_menu_intersection_touch'));
-           timeout(function () {
-             var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-             var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-             reveal(box, rightClickString);
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-               reveal(box, rightClickString, {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== eleventhAvenueEndID) return;
-               timeout(function () {
-                 var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
-                 if (!node) return;
-                 continueTo(splitIntersection);
-               }, 50); // after menu visible
-             });
-             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-               timeout(function () {
-                 continueTo(deleteLines);
-               }, 300); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
-             });
-           }, 600);
+         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-         function splitIntersection() {
-           if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-             return continueTo(deleteLines);
-           }
+           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button comment-button action').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button close-button action');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button ignore-button action'); // update
 
-           if (!node) {
-             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-           }
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.select('.comment-button').attr('disabled', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment ? null : true;
+           }).on('click.comment', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           var wasChanged = false;
-           _washingtonSegmentID = null;
-           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.split_intersection', {
-             street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
-           }), {
-             padding: 50
-           });
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
+             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
 
-             if (!wasChanged && !node) {
-               return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+             if (qaService) {
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
              }
-
-             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.split_intersection', {
-               street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
-             }), {
-               duration: 0,
-               padding: 50
-             });
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
-             wasChanged = true;
-             timeout(function () {
-               if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.split.annotation.line', {
-                 n: 1
-               })) {
-                 _washingtonSegmentID = changed.created()[0].id;
-                 continueTo(didSplit);
-               } else {
-                 _washingtonSegmentID = null;
-                 continueTo(retrySplit);
-               }
-             }, 300); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
            });
+           buttonSection.select('.close-button').html(function (d) {
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.close".concat(andComment));
+           }).on('click.close', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
 
-         function retrySplit() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'SOLVED';
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button').html(function (d) {
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.ignore".concat(andComment));
+           }).on('click.ignore', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           var advance = function advance() {
-             continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-           };
+             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
 
-           var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-           var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_split'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: advance
-           });
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-             var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_split'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: advance
-             });
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'INVALID';
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
            });
+         } // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
 
-         function didSplit() {
-           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-           }
+         improveOsmEditor.error = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return improveOsmEditor;
+         };
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-           var string = 'intro.lines.did_split_' + (ids.length > 1 ? 'multi' : 'single');
-           var street = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
-           var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-           var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-           box.width = box.width / 2;
-           reveal(box, helpHtml(string, {
-             street1: street,
-             street2: street
-           }), {
-             duration: 500
-           });
-           timeout(function () {
-             context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-               box.width = box.width / 2;
-               reveal(box, helpHtml(string, {
-                 street1: street,
-                 street2: street
-               }), {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-           }, 600); // after initial reveal and curtain cut
+         return utilRebind(improveOsmEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           context.on('enter.intro', function () {
-             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+       function uiKeepRightDetails(context) {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-             if (ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === _washingtonSegmentID) {
-               continueTo(multiSelect);
-             }
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-               return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-             }
-           });
+         function issueDetail(d) {
+           var itemType = d.itemType,
+               parentIssueType = d.parentIssueType;
+           var unknown = _t.html('inspector.unknown');
+           var replacements = d.replacements || {};
+           replacements["default"] = unknown; // special key `default` works as a fallback string
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           var detail = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(itemType, ".description"), replacements);
 
-         function multiSelect() {
-           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           if (detail === unknown) {
+             detail = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(parentIssueType, ".description"), replacements);
            }
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-           var hasWashington = ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1;
-           var hasTwelfth = ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1;
+           return detail;
+         }
 
-           if (hasWashington && hasTwelfth) {
-             return continueTo(multiRightClick);
-           } else if (!hasWashington && !hasTwelfth) {
-             return continueTo(didSplit);
-           }
+         function keepRightDetails(selection) {
+           var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           details.exit().remove();
+           var detailsEnter = details.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container'); // description
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var selected, other, padding, box;
+           var descriptionEnter = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+           descriptionEnter.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
+           descriptionEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text').html(issueDetail); // If there are entity links in the error message..
 
-             if (hasWashington) {
-               selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
-               other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
-               padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-               box.width *= 3;
-             } else {
-               selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
-               other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
-               padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-               box.width /= 2;
-             }
+           var relatedEntities = [];
+           descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link').attr('href', '#').each(function () {
+             var link = select(this);
+             var isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
+             var entityID = isObjectLink ? utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId : this.textContent;
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+             relatedEntities.push(entityID); // Add click handler
 
-             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_select', {
-               selected: selected,
-               other1: other
-             }) + ' ' + helpHtml('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'), {
-               selected: selected,
-               other2: other
-             }));
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               if (hasWashington) {
-                 selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
-                 other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
-                 padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                 box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-                 box.width *= 3;
-               } else {
-                 selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
-                 other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
-                 padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                 box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-                 box.width /= 2;
-               }
+             link.on('mouseenter', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
+             }).on('mouseleave', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+               var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
 
-               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_select', {
-                 selected: selected,
-                 other1: other
-               }) + ' ' + helpHtml('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'), {
-                 selected: selected,
-                 other2: other
-               }), {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-             context.on('enter.intro', function () {
-               continueTo(multiSelect);
-             });
-             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-               if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                 return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+               if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
+                 osmlayer.enabled(true);
                }
-             });
-           }, 600);
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+               context.map().centerZoomEase(_qaItem.loc, 20);
 
-         function multiRightClick() {
-           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-           }
+               if (entity) {
+                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+               } else {
+                 context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
+                   if (err) return;
+                   var entity = result.data.find(function (e) {
+                     return e.id === entityID;
+                   });
+                   if (entity) context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+                 });
+               }
+             }); // Replace with friendly name if possible
+             // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
 
-           var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-           var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-           var rightClickString = helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_select_success') + helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch'));
-           reveal(box, rightClickString);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-             var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-             reveal(box, rightClickString, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           });
-           context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', function (open) {
-             if (!open) return;
-             timeout(function () {
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             if (entity) {
+               var name = utilDisplayName(entity); // try to use common name
 
-               if (ids.length === 2 && ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1 && ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
-                 var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
-                 if (!node) return;
-                 continueTo(multiDelete);
-               } else if (ids.length === 1 && ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
-                 return continueTo(multiSelect);
-               } else {
-                 return continueTo(didSplit);
+               if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
+                 var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+                 name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name(); // fallback to preset name
+               }
+
+               if (name) {
+                 this.innerText = name;
                }
-             }, 300); // after edit menu visible
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-               return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
              }
-           });
+           }); // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
+           context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
          }
 
-         function multiDelete() {
-           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-           }
+         keepRightDetails.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return keepRightDetails;
+         };
 
-           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
-           if (!node) return continueTo(multiRightClick);
-           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_delete'), {
-             padding: 50
-           });
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_delete'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               padding: 50
-             });
-           });
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
-               return continueTo(multiSelect); // left select mode but roads still exist
-             }
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
-               continueTo(retryDelete); // changed something but roads still exist
-             } else {
-               continueTo(play);
-             }
-           });
+         return keepRightDetails;
+       }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+       function uiKeepRightHeader() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-         function retryDelete() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-           var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_delete'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               continueTo(multiSelect);
-             }
-           });
+         function issueTitle(d) {
+           var itemType = d.itemType,
+               parentIssueType = d.parentIssueType;
+           var unknown = _t.html('inspector.unknown');
+           var replacements = d.replacements || {};
+           replacements["default"] = unknown; // special key `default` works as a fallback string
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             nextStep();
+           var title = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(itemType, ".title"), replacements);
+
+           if (title === unknown) {
+             title = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(parentIssueType, ".title"), replacements);
            }
+
+           return title;
          }
 
-         function play() {
-           dispatch$1.call('done');
-           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.lines.play', {
-             next: _t('intro.buildings.title')
-           }), {
-             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-building',
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               reveal('.ideditor');
-             }
+         function keepRightHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header');
+           var iconEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-icon').classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
            });
+           iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "preset-icon-28 qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.parentIssueType);
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bolt', 'qaItem-fill'));
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-label').html(issueTitle);
          }
 
-         chapter.enter = function () {
-           addLine();
+         keepRightHeader.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return keepRightHeader;
          };
 
-         chapter.exit = function () {
-           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-           select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', null, true);
-           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-         };
+         return keepRightHeader;
+       }
 
-         chapter.restart = function () {
-           chapter.exit();
-           chapter.enter();
-         };
+       function uiViewOnKeepRight() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         function viewOnKeepRight(selection) {
+           var url;
 
-       function uiIntroBuilding(context, reveal) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-         var house = [-85.62815, 41.95638];
-         var tank = [-85.62732, 41.95347];
-         var buildingCatetory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-building');
-         var housePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('building/house');
-         var tankPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('man_made/storage_tank');
-         var timeouts = [];
-         var _houseID = null;
-         var _tankID = null;
-         var chapter = {
-           title: 'intro.buildings.title'
-         };
+           if (services.keepRight && _qaItem instanceof QAItem) {
+             url = services.keepRight.issueURL(_qaItem);
+           }
 
-         function timeout(f, t) {
-           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
-         }
+           var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-keepRight').data(url ? [url] : []); // exit
 
-         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-         }
+           link.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         function revealHouse(center, text, options) {
-           var padding = 160 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 20);
-           var box = pad(center, padding, context);
-           reveal(box, text, options);
+           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'view-on-keepRight').attr('target', '_blank').attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
+           .attr('href', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           linkEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('inspector.view_on_keepRight'));
          }
 
-         function revealTank(center, text, options) {
-           var padding = 190 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
-           var box = pad(center, padding, context);
-           reveal(box, text, options);
-         }
+         viewOnKeepRight.what = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return viewOnKeepRight;
+         };
 
-         function addHouse() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('initial');
-           _houseID = null;
-           var msec = transitionTime(house, context.map().center());
+         return viewOnKeepRight;
+       }
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           }
+       function uiKeepRightEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var qaDetails = uiKeepRightDetails(context);
+         var qaHeader = uiKeepRightHeader();
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(house, 19, msec);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area', helpHtml('intro.buildings.add_building'));
-             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-buildings');
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
-               continueTo(startHouse);
-             });
-           }, msec + 100);
+         var _qaItem;
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+         function keepRightEditor(selection) {
+           var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
+             return context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor').data([0]);
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor').merge(editor).call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem)).call(keepRightSaveSection);
+           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
+           footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer).call(uiViewOnKeepRight().what(_qaItem));
          }
 
-         function startHouse() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
-             return continueTo(addHouse);
-           }
+         function keepRightSaveSection(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-           _houseID = null;
-           context.map().zoomEase(20, 500);
-           timeout(function () {
-             var startString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.start_building') + helpHtml('intro.buildings.building_corner_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
-             revealHouse(house, startString);
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               revealHouse(house, startString, {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
-               continueTo(continueHouse);
-             });
-           }, 550); // after easing
+           var isShown = _qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment);
+           var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save').data(isShown ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           }); // exit
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           saveSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         function continueHouse() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
-             return continueTo(addHouse);
-           }
+           var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');
+           saveSectionEnter.append('h4').attr('class', '.qa-save-header').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.comment'));
+           saveSectionEnter.append('textarea').attr('class', 'new-comment-input').attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder')).attr('maxlength', 1000).property('value', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment || d.comment;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('input', changeInput).on('blur', changeInput); // update
 
-           _houseID = null;
-           var continueString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.continue_building') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.buildings.finish_building');
-           revealHouse(house, continueString);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             revealHouse(house, continueString, {
-               duration: 0
+           saveSection = saveSectionEnter.merge(saveSection).call(qaSaveButtons);
+
+           function changeInput() {
+             var input = select(this);
+             var val = input.property('value').trim();
+
+             if (val === _qaItem.comment) {
+               val = undefined;
+             } // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
+
+
+             _qaItem = _qaItem.update({
+               newComment: val
              });
-           });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
-               return;
-             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-               var graph = context.graph();
-               var way = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
-               var nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
-               var points = utilArrayUniq(nodes).map(function (n) {
-                 return context.projection(n.loc);
-               });
+             var qaService = services.keepRight;
 
-               if (isMostlySquare(points)) {
-                 _houseID = way.id;
-                 return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
-               } else {
-                 return continueTo(retryHouse);
-               }
-             } else {
-               return chapter.restart();
+             if (qaService) {
+               qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem); // update keepright cache
              }
-           });
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
+             saveSection.call(qaSaveButtons);
            }
          }
 
-         function retryHouse() {
-           var onClick = function onClick() {
-             continueTo(addHouse);
-           };
+         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-           revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_building'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: onClick
-           });
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_building'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-               buttonCallback: onClick
-             });
-           });
+           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         function chooseCategoryBuilding() {
-           if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-             return addHouse();
-           }
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button comment-button action').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button close-button action');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button ignore-button action'); // update
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.select('.comment-button') // select and propagate data
+           .attr('disabled', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment ? null : true;
+           }).on('click.comment', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
-           } // disallow scrolling
+             var qaService = services.keepRight;
 
+             if (qaService) {
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           buttonSection.select('.close-button') // select and propagate data
+           .html(function (d) {
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.close".concat(andComment));
+           }).on('click.close', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-           timeout(function () {
-             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
-             var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-building .preset-list-button');
-             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.buildings.choose_category_building', {
-               category: buildingCatetory.name()
-             }));
-             button.on('click.intro', function () {
-               button.on('click.intro', null);
-               continueTo(choosePresetHouse);
-             });
-           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
+             var qaService = services.keepRight;
 
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-               return continueTo(addHouse);
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'ignore_t'; // ignore temporarily (item fixed)
+
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
              }
+           });
+           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button') // select and propagate data
+           .html(function (d) {
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.ignore".concat(andComment));
+           }).on('click.ignore', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             var qaService = services.keepRight;
 
-             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-               return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'ignore'; // ignore permanently (false positive)
+
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
              }
            });
+         } // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+
+         keepRightEditor.error = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return keepRightEditor;
+         };
+
+         return utilRebind(keepRightEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+
+       function uiOsmoseDetails(context) {
+         var _qaItem;
+
+         function issueString(d, type) {
+           if (!d) return ''; // Issue strings are cached from Osmose API
+
+           var s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
+           return type in s ? s[type] : '';
          }
 
-         function choosePresetHouse() {
-           if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-             return addHouse();
-           }
+         function osmoseDetails(selection) {
+           var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           details.exit().remove();
+           var detailsEnter = details.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container'); // Description
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'detail')) {
+             var div = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+             div.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
+             div.append('p').attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text').html(function (d) {
+               return issueString(d, 'detail');
+             }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
+           } // Elements (populated later as data is requested)
 
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
-           } // disallow scrolling
 
+           var detailsDiv = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+           var elemsDiv = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection'); // Suggested Fix (mustn't exist for every issue type)
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-           timeout(function () {
-             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
-             var button = context.container().select('.preset-building-house .preset-list-button');
-             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.buildings.choose_preset_house', {
-               preset: housePreset.name()
-             }), {
-               duration: 300
-             });
-             button.on('click.intro', function () {
-               button.on('click.intro', null);
-               continueTo(closeEditorHouse);
-             });
-           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
+           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'fix')) {
+             var _div = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
 
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-               return continueTo(addHouse);
-             }
+             _div.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.fix_title'));
 
-             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             _div.append('p').html(function (d) {
+               return issueString(d, 'fix');
+             }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
+           } // Common Pitfalls (mustn't exist for every issue type)
 
-             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-               return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
-             }
-           });
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'trap')) {
+             var _div2 = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
 
-         function closeEditorHouse() {
-           if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-             return addHouse();
-           }
+             _div2.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.trap_title'));
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             _div2.append('p').html(function (d) {
+               return issueString(d, 'trap');
+             }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
+           } // Save current item to check if UI changed by time request resolves
 
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
-           }
 
-           context.history().checkpoint('hasHouse');
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-           });
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.buildings.close', {
-               button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
-             }));
-           }, 500);
+           var thisItem = _qaItem;
+           services.osmose.loadIssueDetail(_qaItem).then(function (d) {
+             // No details to add if there are no associated issue elements
+             if (!d.elems || d.elems.length === 0) return; // Do nothing if UI has moved on by the time this resolves
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+             if (context.selectedErrorID() !== thisItem.id && context.container().selectAll(".qaItem.osmose.hover.itemId-".concat(thisItem.id)).empty()) return; // Things like keys and values are dynamically added to a subtitle string
 
-         function rightClickHouse() {
-           if (!_houseID) return chapter.restart();
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('hasHouse');
-           var zoom = context.map().zoom();
+             if (d.detail) {
+               detailsDiv.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.detail_title'));
+               detailsDiv.append('p').html(function (d) {
+                 return d.detail;
+               }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
+             } // Create list of linked issue elements
 
-           if (zoom < 20) {
-             zoom = 20;
-           }
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(house, zoom, 500);
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-             if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _houseID) return;
-             timeout(function () {
-               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
-               if (!node) return;
-               continueTo(clickSquare);
-             }, 50); // after menu visible
-           });
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             var rightclickString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_building' : 'edit_menu_building_touch'));
-             revealHouse(house, rightclickString, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-           });
+             elemsDiv.append('h4').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.elems_title'));
+             elemsDiv.append('ul').selectAll('li').data(d.elems).enter().append('li').append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'error_entity_link').html(function (d) {
+               return d;
+             }).each(function () {
+               var link = select(this);
+               var entityID = this.textContent;
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID); // Add click handler
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+               link.on('mouseenter', function () {
+                 utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
+               }).on('mouseleave', function () {
+                 utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+               }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+                 var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
+
+                 if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
+                   osmlayer.enabled(true);
+                 }
+
+                 context.map().centerZoom(d.loc, 20);
+
+                 if (entity) {
+                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+                 } else {
+                   context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
+                     if (err) return;
+                     var entity = result.data.find(function (e) {
+                       return e.id === entityID;
+                     });
+                     if (entity) context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+                   });
+                 }
+               }); // Replace with friendly name if possible
+               // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
 
-         function clickSquare() {
-           if (!_houseID) return chapter.restart();
-           var entity = context.hasEntity(_houseID);
-           if (!entity) return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
+               if (entity) {
+                 var name = utilDisplayName(entity); // try to use common name
 
-           if (!node) {
-             return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-           }
+                 if (!name) {
+                   var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+                   name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name(); // fallback to preset name
+                 }
 
-           var wasChanged = false;
-           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.square_building'), {
-             padding: 50
-           });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id === 'browse') {
-               continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-             } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
-               continueTo(retryClickSquare);
-             }
+                 if (name) {
+                   this.innerText = name;
+                 }
+               }
+             }); // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
+
+             context.features().forceVisible(d.elems);
+             context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
            });
-           context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
-             var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
+         }
 
-             if (!wasChanged && !node) {
-               return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-             }
+         osmoseDetails.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return osmoseDetails;
+         };
 
-             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.square_building'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               padding: 50
-             });
-           });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             wasChanged = true;
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null); // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
+         return osmoseDetails;
+       }
 
-             timeout(function () {
-               if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature', {
-                 n: 1
-               })) {
-                 continueTo(doneSquare);
-               } else {
-                 continueTo(retryClickSquare);
-               }
-             }, 500); // after transitioned actions
-           });
+       function uiOsmoseHeader() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+         function issueTitle(d) {
+           var unknown = _t('inspector.unknown');
+           if (!d) return unknown; // Issue titles supplied by Osmose
+
+           var s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
+           return 'title' in s ? s.title : unknown;
          }
 
-         function retryClickSquare() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_square'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-             }
+         function osmoseHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
            });
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header');
+           var svgEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-icon').classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
+           }).append('svg').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "preset-icon-28 qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
+           });
+           svgEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', function (d) {
+             return services.osmose.getColor(d.item);
+           }).attr('class', 'qaItem-fill').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
+           svgEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = d.icon;
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
-
-         function doneSquare() {
-           context.history().checkpoint('doneSquare');
-           revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.done_square'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               continueTo(addTank);
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
              }
            });
-
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-label').html(issueTitle);
          }
 
-         function addTank() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('doneSquare');
-           _tankID = null;
-           var msec = transitionTime(tank, context.map().center());
+         osmoseHeader.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return osmoseHeader;
+         };
 
-           if (msec) {
-             reveal(null, null, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           }
+         return osmoseHeader;
+       }
 
-           context.map().centerZoomEase(tank, 19.5, msec);
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal('button.add-area', helpHtml('intro.buildings.add_tank'));
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
-               continueTo(startTank);
-             });
-           }, msec + 100);
+       function uiViewOnOsmose() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+         function viewOnOsmose(selection) {
+           var url;
 
-         function startTank() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
-             return continueTo(addTank);
+           if (services.osmose && _qaItem instanceof QAItem) {
+             url = services.osmose.itemURL(_qaItem);
            }
 
-           _tankID = null;
-           timeout(function () {
-             var startString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.start_tank') + helpHtml('intro.buildings.tank_edge_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
-             revealTank(tank, startString);
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               revealTank(tank, startString, {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
-               continueTo(continueTank);
-             });
-           }, 550); // after easing
+           var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osmose').data(url ? [url] : []); // exit
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           link.exit().remove(); // enter
+
+           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'view-on-osmose').attr('target', '_blank').attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
+           .attr('href', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           linkEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('inspector.view_on_osmose'));
          }
 
-         function continueTank() {
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
-             return continueTo(addTank);
-           }
+         viewOnOsmose.what = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return viewOnOsmose;
+         };
 
-           _tankID = null;
-           var continueString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.continue_tank') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.buildings.finish_tank');
-           revealTank(tank, continueString);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-             revealTank(tank, continueString, {
-               duration: 0
-             });
-           });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
-               return;
-             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-               _tankID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
-               return continueTo(searchPresetTank);
-             } else {
-               return continueTo(addTank);
-             }
-           });
+         return viewOnOsmose;
+       }
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+       function uiOsmoseEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var qaDetails = uiOsmoseDetails(context);
+         var qaHeader = uiOsmoseHeader();
+
+         var _qaItem;
+
+         function osmoseEditor(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
+             return context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('QA.osmose.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor').data([0]);
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor').merge(editor).call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem)).call(osmoseSaveSection);
+           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
+           footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer).call(uiViewOnOsmose().what(_qaItem));
          }
 
-         function searchPresetTank() {
-           if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
-             return addTank();
-           }
+         function osmoseSaveSection(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           var isShown = _qaItem && isSelected;
+           var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save').data(isShown ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           }); // exit
 
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
-           } // disallow scrolling
+           saveSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
+           var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf'); // update
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-           timeout(function () {
-             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
-             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
-             reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.buildings.search_tank', {
-               preset: tankPreset.name()
-             }));
-           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
+           saveSection = saveSectionEnter.merge(saveSection).call(qaSaveButtons);
+         }
 
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
-               return continueTo(addTank);
-             }
+         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
-               // keep the user's area selected..
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID])); // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%'); // disallow scrolling
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button close-button action');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button ignore-button action'); // update
 
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
-               reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.buildings.search_tank', {
-                 preset: tankPreset.name()
-               }));
-               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             }
-           });
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.select('.close-button').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.close')).on('click.close', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           function checkPresetSearch() {
-             var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
+             var qaService = services.osmose;
 
-             if (first.classed('preset-man_made-storage_tank')) {
-               reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(), helpHtml('intro.buildings.choose_tank', {
-                 preset: tankPreset.name()
-               }), {
-                 duration: 300
-               });
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-                 continueTo(closeEditorTank);
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'done';
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
                });
              }
-           }
-
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
-
-         function closeEditorTank() {
-           if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
-             return addTank();
-           }
-
-           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           });
+           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button').html(_t.html('QA.keepRight.ignore')).on('click.ignore', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
-           }
+             var qaService = services.osmose;
 
-           context.history().checkpoint('hasTank');
-           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
-             continueTo(rightClickTank);
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'false';
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
            });
-           timeout(function () {
-             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.buildings.close', {
-               button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
-             }));
-           }, 500);
+         } // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('exit.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
 
-         function rightClickTank() {
-           if (!_tankID) return continueTo(addTank);
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().reset('hasTank');
-           context.map().centerEase(tank, 500);
-           timeout(function () {
-             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-               if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _tankID) return;
-               timeout(function () {
-                 var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
-                 if (!node) return;
-                 continueTo(clickCircle);
-               }, 50); // after menu visible
-             });
-             var rightclickString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_tank' : 'edit_menu_tank_touch'));
-             revealTank(tank, rightclickString);
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
-               revealTank(tank, rightclickString, {
-                 duration: 0
-               });
-             });
-             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-               continueTo(rightClickTank);
-             });
-           }, 600);
+         osmoseEditor.error = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return osmoseEditor;
+         };
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+         return utilRebind(osmoseEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-         function clickCircle() {
-           if (!_tankID) return chapter.restart();
-           var entity = context.hasEntity(_tankID);
-           if (!entity) return continueTo(rightClickTank);
-           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
+       function uiNoteComments() {
+         var _note;
 
-           if (!node) {
-             return continueTo(rightClickTank);
-           }
+         function noteComments(selection) {
+           if (_note.isNew()) return; // don't draw .comments-container
 
-           var wasChanged = false;
-           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.circle_tank'), {
-             padding: 50
-           });
-           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
-             if (mode.id === 'browse') {
-               continueTo(rightClickTank);
-             } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
-               continueTo(retryClickCircle);
-             }
-           });
-           context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
-             var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
+           var comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container').data([0]);
+           comments = comments.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comments-container').merge(comments);
+           var commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment').data(_note.comments).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comment');
+           commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'comment-avatar user-' + d.uid;
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));
+           var mainEnter = commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-main');
+           var metadataEnter = mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-metadata');
+           metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-author').each(function (d) {
+             var selection = select(this);
+             var osm = services.osm;
 
-             if (!wasChanged && !node) {
-               return continueTo(rightClickTank);
+             if (osm && d.user) {
+               selection = selection.append('a').attr('class', 'comment-author-link').attr('href', osm.userURL(d.user)).attr('target', '_blank');
              }
 
-             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.circle_tank'), {
-               duration: 0,
-               padding: 50
+             selection.html(function (d) {
+               return d.user || _t.html('note.anonymous');
              });
            });
-           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
-             wasChanged = true;
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null); // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
-
-             timeout(function () {
-               if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.circularize.annotation.feature', {
-                 n: 1
-               })) {
-                 continueTo(play);
-               } else {
-                 continueTo(retryClickCircle);
-               }
-             }, 500); // after transitioned actions
+           metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-date').html(function (d) {
+             return _t('note.status.' + d.action, {
+               when: localeDateString(d.date)
+             });
            });
-
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             context.on('enter.intro', null);
-             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-             nextStep();
-           }
+           mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-text').html(function (d) {
+             return d.html;
+           }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener nofollow').attr('target', '_blank');
+           comments.call(replaceAvatars);
          }
 
-         function retryClickCircle() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           revealTank(tank, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_circle'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               continueTo(rightClickTank);
-             }
-           });
+         function replaceAvatars(selection) {
+           var showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           if (showThirdPartyIcons !== 'true' || !osm) return;
+           var uids = {}; // gather uids in the comment thread
 
-           function continueTo(nextStep) {
-             nextStep();
-           }
-         }
+           _note.comments.forEach(function (d) {
+             if (d.uid) uids[d.uid] = true;
+           });
 
-         function play() {
-           dispatch$1.call('done');
-           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.buildings.play', {
-             next: _t('intro.startediting.title')
-           }), {
-             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-startEditing',
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               reveal('.ideditor');
-             }
+           Object.keys(uids).forEach(function (uid) {
+             osm.loadUser(uid, function (err, user) {
+               if (!user || !user.image_url) return;
+               selection.selectAll('.comment-avatar.user-' + uid).html('').append('img').attr('class', 'icon comment-avatar-icon').attr('src', user.image_url).attr('alt', user.display_name);
+             });
            });
          }
 
-         chapter.enter = function () {
-           addHouse();
-         };
+         function localeDateString(s) {
+           if (!s) return null;
+           var options = {
+             day: 'numeric',
+             month: 'short',
+             year: 'numeric'
+           };
+           s = s.replace(/-/g, '/'); // fix browser-specific Date() issues
 
-         chapter.exit = function () {
-           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-           context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
-         };
+           var d = new Date(s);
+           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+           return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+         }
 
-         chapter.restart = function () {
-           chapter.exit();
-           chapter.enter();
+         noteComments.note = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
+           _note = val;
+           return noteComments;
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return noteComments;
        }
 
-       function uiIntroStartEditing(context, reveal) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done', 'startEditing');
-         var modalSelection = select(null);
-         var chapter = {
-           title: 'intro.startediting.title'
-         };
+       function uiNoteHeader() {
+         var _note;
 
-         function showHelp() {
-           reveal('.map-control.help-control', helpHtml('intro.startediting.help'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               shortcuts();
-             }
+         function noteHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.note-header').data(_note ? [_note] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
            });
-         }
-
-         function shortcuts() {
-           reveal('.map-control.help-control', helpHtml('intro.startediting.shortcuts'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               showSave();
-             }
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'note-header');
+           var iconEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'note-header-icon ' + d.status;
+           }).classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
            });
-         }
-
-         function showSave() {
-           context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove(); // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
+           iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon-28').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-note', 'note-fill'));
+           iconEnter.each(function (d) {
+             var statusIcon;
 
-           reveal('.top-toolbar button.save', helpHtml('intro.startediting.save'), {
-             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
-             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
-               showStart();
+             if (d.id < 0) {
+               statusIcon = '#iD-icon-plus';
+             } else if (d.status === 'open') {
+               statusIcon = '#iD-icon-close';
+             } else {
+               statusIcon = '#iD-icon-apply';
              }
-           });
-         }
 
-         function showStart() {
-           context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove(); // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
+             iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'note-icon-annotation').call(svgIcon(statusIcon, 'icon-annotation'));
+           });
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'note-header-label').html(function (d) {
+             if (_note.isNew()) {
+               return _t('note.new');
+             }
 
-           modalSelection = uiModal(context.container());
-           modalSelection.select('.modal').attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');
-           modalSelection.selectAll('.close').remove();
-           var startbutton = modalSelection.select('.content').attr('class', 'fillL').append('button').attr('class', 'modal-section huge-modal-button').on('click', function () {
-             modalSelection.remove();
+             return _t('note.note') + ' ' + d.id + ' ' + (d.status === 'closed' ? _t('note.closed') : '');
            });
-           startbutton.append('svg').attr('class', 'illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
-           startbutton.append('h2').html(_t.html('intro.startediting.start'));
-           dispatch$1.call('startEditing');
          }
 
-         chapter.enter = function () {
-           showHelp();
-         };
-
-         chapter.exit = function () {
-           modalSelection.remove();
-           context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove(); // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
+         noteHeader.note = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
+           _note = val;
+           return noteHeader;
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return noteHeader;
        }
 
-       var chapterUi = {
-         welcome: uiIntroWelcome,
-         navigation: uiIntroNavigation,
-         point: uiIntroPoint,
-         area: uiIntroArea,
-         line: uiIntroLine,
-         building: uiIntroBuilding,
-         startEditing: uiIntroStartEditing
-       };
-       var chapterFlow = ['welcome', 'navigation', 'point', 'area', 'line', 'building', 'startEditing'];
-       function uiIntro(context) {
-         var INTRO_IMAGERY = 'EsriWorldImageryClarity';
-         var _introGraph = {};
+       function uiNoteReport() {
+         var _note;
 
-         var _currChapter;
+         function noteReport(selection) {
+           var url;
 
-         function intro(selection) {
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph').then(function (dataIntroGraph) {
-             // create entities for intro graph and localize names
-             for (var id in dataIntroGraph) {
-               if (!_introGraph[id]) {
-                 _introGraph[id] = osmEntity(localize(dataIntroGraph[id]));
-               }
-             }
+           if (services.osm && _note instanceof osmNote && !_note.isNew()) {
+             url = services.osm.noteReportURL(_note);
+           }
 
-             selection.call(startIntro);
-           })["catch"](function () {
-             /* ignore */
-           });
+           var link = selection.selectAll('.note-report').data(url ? [url] : []); // exit
+
+           link.exit().remove(); // enter
+
+           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'note-report').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           linkEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('note.report'));
          }
 
-         function startIntro(selection) {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context)); // Save current map state
+         noteReport.note = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
+           _note = val;
+           return noteReport;
+         };
 
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           var history = context.history().toJSON();
-           var hash = window.location.hash;
-           var center = context.map().center();
-           var zoom = context.map().zoom();
-           var background = context.background().baseLayerSource();
-           var overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
-           var opacity = context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity');
-           var caches = osm && osm.caches();
-           var baseEntities = context.history().graph().base().entities; // Show sidebar and disable the sidebar resizing button
-           // (this needs to be before `context.inIntro(true)`)
+         return noteReport;
+       }
 
-           context.ui().sidebar.expand();
-           context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', true); // Block saving
+       function uiNoteEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var noteComments = uiNoteComments();
+         var noteHeader = uiNoteHeader(); // var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
 
-           context.inIntro(true); // Load semi-real data used in intro
+         var _note;
+
+         var _newNote; // var _fieldsArr;
+
+
+         function noteEditor(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('note.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.note-editor').data([0]);
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section note-editor').merge(editor).call(noteHeader.note(_note)).call(noteComments.note(_note)).call(noteSaveSection);
+           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
+           footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer).call(uiViewOnOSM(context).what(_note)).call(uiNoteReport().note(_note)); // rerender the note editor on any auth change
+
+           var osm = services.osm;
 
            if (osm) {
-             osm.toggle(false).reset();
+             osm.on('change.note-save', function () {
+               selection.call(noteEditor);
+             });
            }
+         }
 
-           context.history().reset();
-           context.history().merge(Object.values(coreGraph().load(_introGraph).entities));
-           context.history().checkpoint('initial'); // Setup imagery
+         function noteSaveSection(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID();
 
-           var imagery = context.background().findSource(INTRO_IMAGERY);
+           var noteSave = selection.selectAll('.note-save').data(isSelected ? [_note] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           if (imagery) {
-             context.background().baseLayerSource(imagery);
-           } else {
-             context.background().bing();
-           }
+           noteSave.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           overlays.forEach(function (d) {
-             return context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
-           }); // Setup data layers (only OSM)
+           var noteSaveEnter = noteSave.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'note-save save-section cf'); // // if new note, show categories to pick from
+           // if (_note.isNew()) {
+           //     var presets = presetManager;
+           //     // NOTE: this key isn't a age and therefore there is no documentation (yet)
+           //     _fieldsArr = [
+           //         uiField(context, presets.field('category'), null, { show: true, revert: false }),
+           //     ];
+           //     _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
+           //         field
+           //             .on('change', changeCategory);
+           //     });
+           //     noteSaveEnter
+           //         .append('div')
+           //         .attr('class', 'note-category')
+           //         .call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));
+           // }
+           // function changeCategory() {
+           //     // NOTE: perhaps there is a better way to get value
+           //     var val = context.container().select('input[name=\'category\']:checked').property('__data__') || undefined;
+           //     // store the unsaved category with the note itself
+           //     _note = _note.update({ newCategory: val });
+           //     var osm = services.osm;
+           //     if (osm) {
+           //         osm.replaceNote(_note);  // update note cache
+           //     }
+           //     noteSave
+           //         .call(noteSaveButtons);
+           // }
 
-           var layers = context.layers();
-           layers.all().forEach(function (item) {
-             // if the layer has the function `enabled`
-             if (typeof item.layer.enabled === 'function') {
-               item.layer.enabled(item.id === 'osm');
-             }
+           noteSaveEnter.append('h4').attr('class', '.note-save-header').html(function () {
+             return _note.isNew() ? _t('note.newDescription') : _t('note.newComment');
            });
-           context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', 1);
-           var curtain = uiCurtain(context.container().node());
-           selection.call(curtain); // Store that the user started the walkthrough..
-
-           corePreferences('walkthrough_started', 'yes'); // Restore previous walkthrough progress..
+           var commentTextarea = noteSaveEnter.append('textarea').attr('class', 'new-comment-input').attr('placeholder', _t('note.inputPlaceholder')).attr('maxlength', 1000).property('value', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('keydown.note-input', keydown).on('input.note-input', changeInput).on('blur.note-input', changeInput);
 
-           var storedProgress = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress') || '';
-           var progress = storedProgress.split(';').filter(Boolean);
-           var chapters = chapterFlow.map(function (chapter, i) {
-             var s = chapterUi[chapter](context, curtain.reveal).on('done', function () {
-               buttons.filter(function (d) {
-                 return d.title === s.title;
-               }).classed('finished', true);
+           if (!commentTextarea.empty() && _newNote) {
+             // autofocus the comment field for new notes
+             commentTextarea.node().focus();
+           } // update
 
-               if (i < chapterFlow.length - 1) {
-                 var next = chapterFlow[i + 1];
-                 context.container().select("button.chapter-".concat(next)).classed('next', true);
-               } // Store walkthrough progress..
 
+           noteSave = noteSaveEnter.merge(noteSave).call(userDetails).call(noteSaveButtons); // fast submit if user presses cmd+enter
 
-               progress.push(chapter);
-               corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';'));
-             });
-             return s;
-           });
-           chapters[chapters.length - 1].on('startEditing', function () {
-             // Store walkthrough progress..
-             progress.push('startEditing');
-             corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';')); // Store if walkthrough is completed..
+           function keydown(d3_event) {
+             if (!(d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
+             d3_event.metaKey)) return;
+             var osm = services.osm;
+             if (!osm) return;
+             var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
+             if (!hasAuth) return;
+             if (!_note.newComment) return;
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             select(this).on('keydown.note-input', null); // focus on button and submit
 
-             var incomplete = utilArrayDifference(chapterFlow, progress);
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               if (_note.isNew()) {
+                 noteSave.selectAll('.save-button').node().focus();
+                 clickSave();
+               } else {
+                 noteSave.selectAll('.comment-button').node().focus();
+                 clickComment();
+               }
+             }, 10);
+           }
 
-             if (!incomplete.length) {
-               corePreferences('walkthrough_completed', 'yes');
-             }
+           function changeInput() {
+             var input = select(this);
+             var val = input.property('value').trim() || undefined; // store the unsaved comment with the note itself
 
-             curtain.remove();
-             navwrap.remove();
-             context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', opacity);
-             context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', false);
+             _note = _note.update({
+               newComment: val
+             });
+             var osm = services.osm;
 
              if (osm) {
-               osm.toggle(true).reset().caches(caches);
+               osm.replaceNote(_note); // update note cache
              }
 
-             context.history().reset().merge(Object.values(baseEntities));
-             context.background().baseLayerSource(background);
-             overlays.forEach(function (d) {
-               return context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
-             });
+             noteSave.call(noteSaveButtons);
+           }
+         }
 
-             if (history) {
-               context.history().fromJSON(history, false);
-             }
+         function userDetails(selection) {
+           var detailSection = selection.selectAll('.detail-section').data([0]);
+           detailSection = detailSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'detail-section').merge(detailSection);
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           if (!osm) return; // Add warning if user is not logged in
 
-             context.map().centerZoom(center, zoom);
-             window.location.replace(hash);
-             context.inIntro(false);
-           });
-           var navwrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap fillD');
-           navwrap.append('svg').attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap-logo').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
-           var buttonwrap = navwrap.append('div').attr('class', 'joined').selectAll('button.chapter');
-           var buttons = buttonwrap.data(chapters).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d, i) {
-             return "chapter chapter-".concat(chapterFlow[i]);
-           }).on('click', enterChapter);
-           buttons.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html(d.title);
+           var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
+           var authWarning = detailSection.selectAll('.auth-warning').data(hasAuth ? [] : [0]);
+           authWarning.exit().transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
+           var authEnter = authWarning.enter().insert('div', '.tag-reference-body').attr('class', 'field-warning auth-warning').style('opacity', 0);
+           authEnter.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline'));
+           authEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('note.login'));
+           authEnter.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('login')).on('click.note-login', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             osm.authenticate();
            });
-           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'status').call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward', 'inline'));
-           enterChapter(null, chapters[0]);
+           authEnter.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 1);
+           var prose = detailSection.selectAll('.note-save-prose').data(hasAuth ? [0] : []);
+           prose.exit().remove();
+           prose = prose.enter().append('p').attr('class', 'note-save-prose').html(_t.html('note.upload_explanation')).merge(prose);
+           osm.userDetails(function (err, user) {
+             if (err) return;
+             var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));
 
-           function enterChapter(d3_event, newChapter) {
-             if (_currChapter) {
-               _currChapter.exit();
+             if (user.image_url) {
+               userLink.append('img').attr('src', user.image_url).attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
              }
 
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-             _currChapter = newChapter;
+             userLink.append('a').attr('class', 'user-info').html(user.display_name).attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name)).attr('target', '_blank');
+             prose.html(_t.html('note.upload_explanation_with_user', {
+               user: userLink.html()
+             }));
+           });
+         }
 
-             _currChapter.enter();
+         function noteSaveButtons(selection) {
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           var hasAuth = osm && osm.authenticated();
 
-             buttons.classed('next', false).classed('active', function (d) {
-               return d.title === _currChapter.title;
-             });
-           }
-         }
+           var isSelected = _note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID();
 
-         return intro;
-       }
+           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_note] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-       function uiIssuesInfo(context) {
-         var warningsItem = {
-           id: 'warnings',
-           count: 0,
-           iconID: 'iD-icon-alert',
-           descriptionID: 'issues.warnings_and_errors'
-         };
-         var resolvedItem = {
-           id: 'resolved',
-           count: 0,
-           iconID: 'iD-icon-apply',
-           descriptionID: 'issues.user_resolved_issues'
-         };
+           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         function update(selection) {
-           var shownItems = [];
-           var liveIssues = context.validator().getIssues({
-             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
-             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
-           });
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
 
-           if (liveIssues.length) {
-             warningsItem.count = liveIssues.length;
-             shownItems.push(warningsItem);
+           if (_note.isNew()) {
+             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action').html(_t.html('confirm.cancel'));
+             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button save-button action').html(_t.html('note.save'));
+           } else {
+             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button status-button action');
+             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button comment-button action').html(_t.html('note.comment'));
+           } // update
+
+
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.select('.cancel-button') // select and propagate data
+           .on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
+           buttonSection.select('.save-button') // select and propagate data
+           .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.save', clickSave);
+           buttonSection.select('.status-button') // select and propagate data
+           .attr('disabled', hasAuth ? null : true).html(function (d) {
+             var action = d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'open';
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t('note.' + action + andComment);
+           }).on('click.status', clickStatus);
+           buttonSection.select('.comment-button') // select and propagate data
+           .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.comment', clickComment);
+
+           function isSaveDisabled(d) {
+             return hasAuth && d.status === 'open' && d.newComment ? null : true;
            }
+         }
 
-           if (corePreferences('validate-what') === 'all') {
-             var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
+         function clickCancel(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-             if (resolvedIssues.length) {
-               resolvedItem.count = resolvedIssues.length;
-               shownItems.push(resolvedItem);
-             }
+           var osm = services.osm;
+
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.removeNote(d);
            }
 
-           var chips = selection.selectAll('.chip').data(shownItems, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           });
-           chips.exit().remove();
-           var enter = chips.enter().append('a').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'chip ' + d.id + '-count';
-           }).attr('href', '#').each(function (d) {
-             var chipSelection = select(this);
-             var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('top').title(_t.html(d.descriptionID));
-             chipSelection.call(tooltipBehavior).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               tooltipBehavior.hide(select(this)); // open the Issues pane
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }
 
-               context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .issues-pane'));
+         function clickSave(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+
+           var osm = services.osm;
+
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.postNoteCreate(d, function (err, note) {
+               dispatch.call('change', note);
              });
-             chipSelection.call(svgIcon('#' + d.iconID));
-           });
-           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'count');
-           enter.merge(chips).selectAll('span.count').html(function (d) {
-             return d.count.toString();
-           });
+           }
          }
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           update(selection);
-           context.validator().on('validated.infobox', function () {
-             update(selection);
-           });
-         };
-       }
+         function clickStatus(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-       function uiMapInMap(context) {
-         function mapInMap(selection) {
-           var backgroundLayer = rendererTileLayer(context);
-           var overlayLayers = {};
-           var projection = geoRawMercator();
-           var dataLayer = svgData(projection, context).showLabels(false);
-           var debugLayer = svgDebug(projection, context);
-           var zoom = d3_zoom().scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(24)]).on('start', zoomStarted).on('zoom', zoomed).on('end', zoomEnded);
-           var wrap = select(null);
-           var tiles = select(null);
-           var viewport = select(null);
-           var _isTransformed = false;
-           var _isHidden = true;
-           var _skipEvents = false;
-           var _gesture = null;
-           var _zDiff = 6; // by default, minimap renders at (main zoom - 6)
+           var osm = services.osm;
+
+           if (osm) {
+             var setStatus = d.status === 'open' ? 'closed' : 'open';
+             osm.postNoteUpdate(d, setStatus, function (err, note) {
+               dispatch.call('change', note);
+             });
+           }
+         }
+
+         function clickComment(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           var _dMini; // dimensions of minimap
+           var osm = services.osm;
 
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.postNoteUpdate(d, d.status, function (err, note) {
+               dispatch.call('change', note);
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-           var _cMini; // center pixel of minimap
+         noteEditor.note = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
+           _note = val;
+           return noteEditor;
+         };
 
+         noteEditor.newNote = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newNote;
+           _newNote = val;
+           return noteEditor;
+         };
 
-           var _tStart; // transform at start of gesture
+         return utilRebind(noteEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
+       function uiSidebar(context) {
+         var inspector = uiInspector(context);
+         var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);
+         var noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context);
+         var improveOsmEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context);
+         var keepRightEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context);
+         var osmoseEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context);
 
-           var _tCurr; // transform at most recent event
+         var _current;
 
+         var _wasData = false;
+         var _wasNote = false;
+         var _wasQaItem = false; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-           var _timeoutID;
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-           function zoomStarted() {
-             if (_skipEvents) return;
-             _tStart = _tCurr = projection.transform();
-             _gesture = null;
-           }
+         function sidebar(selection) {
+           var container = context.container();
+           var minWidth = 240;
+           var sidebarWidth;
+           var containerWidth;
+           var dragOffset; // Set the initial width constraints
 
-           function zoomed(d3_event) {
-             if (_skipEvents) return;
-             var x = d3_event.transform.x;
-             var y = d3_event.transform.y;
-             var k = d3_event.transform.k;
-             var isZooming = k !== _tStart.k;
-             var isPanning = x !== _tStart.x || y !== _tStart.y;
+           selection.style('min-width', minWidth + 'px').style('max-width', '400px').style('width', '33.3333%');
+           var resizer = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar-resizer').on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.sidebar-resizer', pointerdown);
+           var downPointerId, lastClientX, containerLocGetter;
 
-             if (!isZooming && !isPanning) {
-               return; // no change
-             } // lock in either zooming or panning, don't allow both in minimap.
+           function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+             if (downPointerId) return;
+             if ('button' in d3_event && d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+             downPointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+             lastClientX = d3_event.clientX;
+             containerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(container.node()); // offset from edge of sidebar-resizer
 
+             dragOffset = utilFastMouse(resizer.node())(d3_event)[0] - 1;
+             sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
+             containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
+             var widthPct = sidebarWidth / containerWidth * 100;
+             selection.style('width', widthPct + '%') // lock in current width
+             .style('max-width', '85%'); // but allow larger widths
 
-             if (!_gesture) {
-               _gesture = isZooming ? 'zoom' : 'pan';
-             }
+             resizer.classed('dragging', true);
+             select(window).on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', function (d3_event) {
+               // disable page scrolling while resizing on touch input
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             }, {
+               passive: false
+             }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', pointerup);
+           }
 
-             var tMini = projection.transform();
-             var tX, tY, scale;
+           function pointermove(d3_event) {
+             if (downPointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var dx = d3_event.clientX - lastClientX;
+             lastClientX = d3_event.clientX;
+             var isRTL = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
+             var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
+             var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';
+             var x = containerLocGetter(d3_event)[0] - dragOffset;
+             sidebarWidth = isRTL ? containerWidth - x : x;
+             var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
+             var shouldCollapse = sidebarWidth < minWidth;
+             selection.classed('collapsed', shouldCollapse);
 
-             if (_gesture === 'zoom') {
-               scale = k / tMini.k;
-               tX = (_cMini[0] / scale - _cMini[0]) * scale;
-               tY = (_cMini[1] / scale - _cMini[1]) * scale;
+             if (shouldCollapse) {
+               if (!isCollapsed) {
+                 selection.style(xMarginProperty, '-400px').style('width', '400px');
+                 context.ui().onResize([(sidebarWidth - dx) * scaleX, 0]);
+               }
              } else {
-               k = tMini.k;
-               scale = 1;
-               tX = x - tMini.x;
-               tY = y - tMini.y;
-             }
+               var widthPct = sidebarWidth / containerWidth * 100;
+               selection.style(xMarginProperty, null).style('width', widthPct + '%');
 
-             utilSetTransform(tiles, tX, tY, scale);
-             utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0, scale);
-             _isTransformed = true;
-             _tCurr = identity$2.translate(x, y).scale(k);
-             var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(context.projection.scale());
-             var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(k);
-             _zDiff = zMain - zMini;
-             queueRedraw();
+               if (isCollapsed) {
+                 context.ui().onResize([-sidebarWidth * scaleX, 0]);
+               } else {
+                 context.ui().onResize([-dx * scaleX, 0]);
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           function zoomEnded() {
-             if (_skipEvents) return;
-             if (_gesture !== 'pan') return;
-             updateProjection();
-             _gesture = null;
-             context.map().center(projection.invert(_cMini)); // recenter main map..
+           function pointerup(d3_event) {
+             if (downPointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             downPointerId = null;
+             resizer.classed('dragging', false);
+             select(window).on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', null);
            }
 
-           function updateProjection() {
-             var loc = context.map().center();
-             var tMain = context.projection.transform();
-             var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(tMain.k);
-             var zMini = Math.max(zMain - _zDiff, 0.5);
-             var kMini = geoZoomToScale(zMini);
-             projection.translate([tMain.x, tMain.y]).scale(kMini);
-             var point = projection(loc);
-             var mouse = _gesture === 'pan' ? geoVecSubtract([_tCurr.x, _tCurr.y], [_tStart.x, _tStart.y]) : [0, 0];
-             var xMini = _cMini[0] - point[0] + tMain.x + mouse[0];
-             var yMini = _cMini[1] - point[1] + tMain.y + mouse[1];
-             projection.translate([xMini, yMini]).clipExtent([[0, 0], _dMini]);
-             _tCurr = projection.transform();
+           var featureListWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'feature-list-pane').call(uiFeatureList(context));
+           var inspectorWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'inspector-hidden inspector-wrap');
 
-             if (_isTransformed) {
-               utilSetTransform(tiles, 0, 0);
-               utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0);
-               _isTransformed = false;
-             }
+           var hoverModeSelect = function hoverModeSelect(targets) {
+             context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item button').classed('hover', false);
 
-             zoom.scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(zMain - 3)]);
-             _skipEvents = true;
-             wrap.call(zoom.transform, _tCurr);
-             _skipEvents = false;
-           }
+             if (context.selectedIDs().length > 1 && targets && targets.length) {
+               var elements = context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item button').filter(function (node) {
+                 return targets.indexOf(node) !== -1;
+               });
 
-           function redraw() {
-             clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
-             if (_isHidden) return;
-             updateProjection();
-             var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()); // setup tile container
+               if (!elements.empty()) {
+                 elements.classed('hover', true);
+               }
+             }
+           };
 
-             tiles = wrap.selectAll('.map-in-map-tiles').data([0]);
-             tiles = tiles.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map-tiles').merge(tiles); // redraw background
+           sidebar.hoverModeSelect = throttle(hoverModeSelect, 200);
 
-             backgroundLayer.source(context.background().baseLayerSource()).projection(projection).dimensions(_dMini);
-             var background = tiles.selectAll('.map-in-map-background').data([0]);
-             background.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map-background').merge(background).call(backgroundLayer); // redraw overlay
+           function hover(targets) {
+             var datum = targets && targets.length && targets[0];
 
-             var overlaySources = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
-             var activeOverlayLayers = [];
+             if (datum && datum.__featurehash__) {
+               // hovering on data
+               _wasData = true;
+               sidebar.show(dataEditor.datum(datum));
+               selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component').classed('inspector-hover', true);
+             } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
+               if (context.mode().id === 'drag-note') return;
+               _wasNote = true;
+               var osm = services.osm;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < overlaySources.length; i++) {
-               if (overlaySources[i].validZoom(zMini)) {
-                 if (!overlayLayers[i]) overlayLayers[i] = rendererTileLayer(context);
-                 activeOverlayLayers.push(overlayLayers[i].source(overlaySources[i]).projection(projection).dimensions(_dMini));
+               if (osm) {
+                 datum = osm.getNote(datum.id); // marker may contain stale data - get latest
                }
-             }
 
-             var overlay = tiles.selectAll('.map-in-map-overlay').data([0]);
-             overlay = overlay.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map-overlay').merge(overlay);
-             var overlays = overlay.selectAll('div').data(activeOverlayLayers, function (d) {
-               return d.source().name();
-             });
-             overlays.exit().remove();
-             overlays = overlays.enter().append('div').merge(overlays).each(function (layer) {
-               select(this).call(layer);
-             });
-             var dataLayers = tiles.selectAll('.map-in-map-data').data([0]);
-             dataLayers.exit().remove();
-             dataLayers = dataLayers.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'map-in-map-data').merge(dataLayers).call(dataLayer).call(debugLayer); // redraw viewport bounding box
+               sidebar.show(noteEditor.note(datum));
+               selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component').classed('inspector-hover', true);
+             } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
+               _wasQaItem = true;
+               var errService = services[datum.service];
 
-             if (_gesture !== 'pan') {
-               var getPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
-               var bbox = {
-                 type: 'Polygon',
-                 coordinates: [context.map().extent().polygon()]
-               };
-               viewport = wrap.selectAll('.map-in-map-viewport').data([0]);
-               viewport = viewport.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'map-in-map-viewport').merge(viewport);
-               var path = viewport.selectAll('.map-in-map-bbox').data([bbox]);
-               path.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'map-in-map-bbox').merge(path).attr('d', getPath).classed('thick', function (d) {
-                 return getPath.area(d) < 30;
-               });
-             }
-           }
+               if (errService) {
+                 // marker may contain stale data - get latest
+                 datum = errService.getError(datum.id);
+               } // Currently only three possible services
 
-           function queueRedraw() {
-             clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
-             _timeoutID = setTimeout(function () {
-               redraw();
-             }, 750);
-           }
 
-           function toggle(d3_event) {
-             if (d3_event) d3_event.preventDefault();
-             _isHidden = !_isHidden;
-             context.container().select('.minimap-toggle-item').classed('active', !_isHidden).select('input').property('checked', !_isHidden);
+               var errEditor;
 
-             if (_isHidden) {
-               wrap.style('display', 'block').style('opacity', '1').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
-                 selection.selectAll('.map-in-map').style('display', 'none');
-               });
-             } else {
-               wrap.style('display', 'block').style('opacity', '0').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '1').on('end', function () {
-                 redraw();
+               if (datum.service === 'keepRight') {
+                 errEditor = keepRightEditor;
+               } else if (datum.service === 'osmose') {
+                 errEditor = osmoseEditor;
+               } else {
+                 errEditor = improveOsmEditor;
+               }
+
+               context.container().selectAll('.qaItem.' + datum.service).classed('hover', function (d) {
+                 return d.id === datum.id;
                });
+               sidebar.show(errEditor.error(datum));
+               selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component').classed('inspector-hover', true);
+             } else if (!_current && datum instanceof osmEntity) {
+               featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+               inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false).classed('inspector-hover', true);
+
+               if (!inspector.entityIDs() || !utilArrayIdentical(inspector.entityIDs(), [datum.id]) || inspector.state() !== 'hover') {
+                 inspector.state('hover').entityIDs([datum.id]).newFeature(false);
+                 inspectorWrap.call(inspector);
+               }
+             } else if (!_current) {
+               featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false);
+               inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+               inspector.state('hide');
+             } else if (_wasData || _wasNote || _wasQaItem) {
+               _wasNote = false;
+               _wasData = false;
+               _wasQaItem = false;
+               context.container().selectAll('.note').classed('hover', false);
+               context.container().selectAll('.qaItem').classed('hover', false);
+               sidebar.hide();
              }
            }
 
-           uiMapInMap.toggle = toggle;
-           wrap = selection.selectAll('.map-in-map').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map').style('display', _isHidden ? 'none' : 'block').call(zoom).on('dblclick.zoom', null).merge(wrap); // reflow warning: Hardcode dimensions - currently can't resize it anyway..
+           sidebar.hover = throttle(hover, 200);
 
-           _dMini = [200, 150]; //utilGetDimensions(wrap);
+           sidebar.intersects = function (extent) {
+             var rect = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+             return extent.intersects([context.projection.invert([0, rect.height]), context.projection.invert([rect.width, 0])]);
+           };
 
-           _cMini = geoVecScale(_dMini, 0.5);
-           context.map().on('drawn.map-in-map', function (drawn) {
-             if (drawn.full === true) {
-               redraw();
-             }
-           });
-           redraw();
-           context.keybinding().on(_t('background.minimap.key'), toggle);
-         }
+           sidebar.select = function (ids, newFeature) {
+             sidebar.hide();
 
-         return mapInMap;
-       }
+             if (ids && ids.length) {
+               var entity = ids.length === 1 && context.entity(ids[0]);
 
-       function uiNotice(context) {
-         return function (selection) {
-           var div = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'notice');
-           var button = div.append('button').attr('class', 'zoom-to notice fillD').on('click', function () {
-             context.map().zoomEase(context.minEditableZoom());
-           }).on('wheel', function (d3_event) {
-             // let wheel events pass through #4482
-             var e2 = new WheelEvent(d3_event.type, d3_event);
-             context.surface().node().dispatchEvent(e2);
-           });
-           button.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'pre-text')).append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(_t.html('zoom_in_edit'));
+               if (entity && newFeature && selection.classed('collapsed')) {
+                 // uncollapse the sidebar
+                 var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+                 sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));
+               }
 
-           function disableTooHigh() {
-             var canEdit = context.map().zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
-             div.style('display', canEdit ? 'none' : 'block');
-           }
+               featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+               inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false).classed('inspector-hover', false); // reload the UI even if the ids are the same since the entities
+               // themselves may have changed
 
-           context.map().on('move.notice', debounce(disableTooHigh, 500));
-           disableTooHigh();
-         };
-       }
+               inspector.state('select').entityIDs(ids).newFeature(newFeature);
+               inspectorWrap.call(inspector);
+             } else {
+               inspector.state('hide');
+             }
+           };
 
-       function uiPhotoviewer(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('resize');
+           sidebar.showPresetList = function () {
+             inspector.showList();
+           };
 
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+           sidebar.show = function (component, element) {
+             featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+             inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+             if (_current) _current.remove();
+             _current = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar-component').call(component, element);
+           };
 
-         function photoviewer(selection) {
-           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'thumb-hide').on('click', function () {
-             if (services.streetside) {
-               services.streetside.hideViewer(context);
-             }
+           sidebar.hide = function () {
+             featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false);
+             inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+             if (_current) _current.remove();
+             _current = null;
+           };
 
-             if (services.mapillary) {
-               services.mapillary.hideViewer(context);
+           sidebar.expand = function (moveMap) {
+             if (selection.classed('collapsed')) {
+               sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
              }
+           };
 
-             if (services.openstreetcam) {
-               services.openstreetcam.hideViewer(context);
+           sidebar.collapse = function (moveMap) {
+             if (!selection.classed('collapsed')) {
+               sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
              }
-           }).append('div').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           };
 
-           function preventDefault(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-           }
+           sidebar.toggle = function (moveMap) {
+             // Don't allow sidebar to toggle when the user is in the walkthrough.
+             if (context.inIntro()) return;
+             var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
+             var isCollapsing = !isCollapsed;
+             var isRTL = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
+             var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
+             var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';
+             sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width; // switch from % to px
 
-           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'resize-handle-xy').on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch$1, {
-             resizeOnX: true,
-             resizeOnY: true
-           }));
-           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'resize-handle-x').on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch$1, {
-             resizeOnX: true
-           }));
-           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'resize-handle-y').on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch$1, {
-             resizeOnY: true
-           }));
+             selection.style('width', sidebarWidth + 'px');
+             var startMargin, endMargin, lastMargin;
 
-           function buildResizeListener(target, eventName, dispatch, options) {
-             var resizeOnX = !!options.resizeOnX;
-             var resizeOnY = !!options.resizeOnY;
-             var minHeight = options.minHeight || 240;
-             var minWidth = options.minWidth || 320;
-             var pointerId;
-             var startX;
-             var startY;
-             var startWidth;
-             var startHeight;
+             if (isCollapsing) {
+               startMargin = lastMargin = 0;
+               endMargin = -sidebarWidth;
+             } else {
+               startMargin = lastMargin = -sidebarWidth;
+               endMargin = 0;
+             }
 
-             function startResize(d3_event) {
-               if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-               var mapSize = context.map().dimensions();
+             if (!isCollapsing) {
+               // unhide the sidebar's content before it transitions onscreen
+               selection.classed('collapsed', isCollapsing);
+             }
 
-               if (resizeOnX) {
-                 var maxWidth = mapSize[0];
-                 var newWidth = clamp(startWidth + d3_event.clientX - startX, minWidth, maxWidth);
-                 target.style('width', newWidth + 'px');
-               }
+             selection.transition().style(xMarginProperty, endMargin + 'px').tween('panner', function () {
+               var i = d3_interpolateNumber(startMargin, endMargin);
+               return function (t) {
+                 var dx = lastMargin - Math.round(i(t));
+                 lastMargin = lastMargin - dx;
+                 context.ui().onResize(moveMap ? undefined : [dx * scaleX, 0]);
+               };
+             }).on('end', function () {
+               if (isCollapsing) {
+                 // hide the sidebar's content after it transitions offscreen
+                 selection.classed('collapsed', isCollapsing);
+               } // switch back from px to %
 
-               if (resizeOnY) {
-                 var maxHeight = mapSize[1] - 90; // preserve space at top/bottom of map
 
-                 var newHeight = clamp(startHeight + startY - d3_event.clientY, minHeight, maxHeight);
-                 target.style('height', newHeight + 'px');
+               if (!isCollapsing) {
+                 var containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
+                 var widthPct = sidebarWidth / containerWidth * 100;
+                 selection.style(xMarginProperty, null).style('width', widthPct + '%');
                }
+             });
+           }; // toggle the sidebar collapse when double-clicking the resizer
 
-               dispatch.call(eventName, target, utilGetDimensions(target, true));
-             }
 
-             function clamp(num, min, max) {
-               return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
+           resizer.on('dblclick', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+
+             if (d3_event.sourceEvent) {
+               d3_event.sourceEvent.preventDefault();
              }
 
-             function stopResize(d3_event) {
-               if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               d3_event.stopPropagation(); // remove all the listeners we added
+             sidebar.toggle();
+           }); // ensure hover sidebar is closed when zooming out beyond editable zoom
 
-               select(window).on('.' + eventName, null);
+           context.map().on('crossEditableZoom.sidebar', function (within) {
+             if (!within && !selection.select('.inspector-hover').empty()) {
+               hover([]);
              }
+           });
+         }
+
+         sidebar.showPresetList = function () {};
+
+         sidebar.hover = function () {};
+
+         sidebar.hover.cancel = function () {};
+
+         sidebar.intersects = function () {};
+
+         sidebar.select = function () {};
+
+         sidebar.show = function () {};
+
+         sidebar.hide = function () {};
+
+         sidebar.expand = function () {};
+
+         sidebar.collapse = function () {};
+
+         sidebar.toggle = function () {};
+
+         return sidebar;
+       }
+
+       function uiSourceSwitch(context) {
+         var keys;
+
+         function click(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           if (context.inIntro()) return;
+           if (context.history().hasChanges() && !window.confirm(_t('source_switch.lose_changes'))) return;
+           var isLive = select(this).classed('live');
+           isLive = !isLive;
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().clearSaved(); // remove saved history
 
-             return function initResize(d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-               pointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
-               startX = d3_event.clientX;
-               startY = d3_event.clientY;
-               var targetRect = target.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-               startWidth = targetRect.width;
-               startHeight = targetRect.height;
-               select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.' + eventName, startResize, false).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.' + eventName, stopResize, false);
+           context.flush(); // remove stored data
 
-               if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
-                 select(window).on('pointercancel.' + eventName, stopResize, false);
-               }
-             };
-           }
+           select(this).html(isLive ? _t.html('source_switch.live') : _t.html('source_switch.dev')).classed('live', isLive).classed('chip', isLive);
+           osm["switch"](isLive ? keys[0] : keys[1]); // switch connection (warning: dispatches 'change' event)
          }
 
-         photoviewer.onMapResize = function () {
-           var photoviewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           var content = context.container().select('.main-content');
-           var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(content, true); // shrink photo viewer if it is too big
-           // (-90 preserves space at top and bottom of map used by menus)
+         var sourceSwitch = function sourceSwitch(selection) {
+           selection.append('a').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('source_switch.live')).attr('class', 'live chip').on('click', click);
+         };
 
-           var photoDimensions = utilGetDimensions(photoviewer, true);
+         sourceSwitch.keys = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return keys;
+           keys = _;
+           return sourceSwitch;
+         };
 
-           if (photoDimensions[0] > mapDimensions[0] || photoDimensions[1] > mapDimensions[1] - 90) {
-             var setPhotoDimensions = [Math.min(photoDimensions[0], mapDimensions[0]), Math.min(photoDimensions[1], mapDimensions[1] - 90)];
-             photoviewer.style('width', setPhotoDimensions[0] + 'px').style('height', setPhotoDimensions[1] + 'px');
-             dispatch$1.call('resize', photoviewer, setPhotoDimensions);
+         return sourceSwitch;
+       }
+
+       function uiSpinner(context) {
+         var osm = context.connection();
+         return function (selection) {
+           var img = selection.append('img').attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-black.gif')).style('opacity', 0);
+
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.on('loading.spinner', function () {
+               img.transition().style('opacity', 1);
+             }).on('loaded.spinner', function () {
+               img.transition().style('opacity', 0);
+             });
            }
          };
-
-         return utilRebind(photoviewer, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiRestore(context) {
+       function uiSplash(context) {
          return function (selection) {
-           if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) return;
-           var modalSelection = uiModal(selection, true);
-           modalSelection.select('.modal').attr('class', 'modal fillL');
-           var introModal = modalSelection.select('.content');
-           introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('h3').html(_t.html('restore.heading'));
-           introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('p').html(_t.html('restore.description'));
+           // Exception - if there are restorable changes, skip this splash screen.
+           // This is because we currently only support one `uiModal` at a time
+           //  and we need to show them `uiRestore`` instead of this one.
+           if (context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) return; // If user has not seen this version of the privacy policy, show the splash again.
+
+           var updateMessage = '';
+           var sawPrivacyVersion = corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion');
+           var showSplash = !corePreferences('sawSplash');
+
+           if (sawPrivacyVersion !== context.privacyVersion) {
+             updateMessage = _t('splash.privacy_update');
+             showSplash = true;
+           }
+
+           if (!showSplash) return;
+           corePreferences('sawSplash', true);
+           corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion', context.privacyVersion); // fetch intro graph data now, while user is looking at the splash screen
+
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph');
+           var modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
+           modalSelection.select('.modal').attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');
+           var introModal = modalSelection.select('.content').append('div').attr('class', 'fillL');
+           introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('h3').html(_t.html('splash.welcome'));
+           var modalSection = introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section');
+           modalSection.append('p').html(_t.html('splash.text', {
+             version: context.version,
+             website: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/CHANGELOG.md#whats-new">changelog</a>',
+             github: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues">github.com</a>'
+           }));
+           modalSection.append('p').html(_t.html('splash.privacy', {
+             updateMessage: updateMessage,
+             privacyLink: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md">' + _t('splash.privacy_policy') + '</a>'
+           }));
            var buttonWrap = introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-actions');
-           var restore = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'restore').on('click', function () {
-             context.history().restore();
-             modalSelection.remove();
-           });
-           restore.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-restore').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-restore');
-           restore.append('div').html(_t.html('restore.restore'));
-           var reset = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'reset').on('click', function () {
-             context.history().clearSaved();
-             modalSelection.remove();
+           var walkthrough = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'walkthrough').on('click', function () {
+             context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
+             modalSelection.close();
            });
-           reset.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-reset').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-reset');
-           reset.append('div').html(_t.html('restore.reset'));
-           restore.node().focus();
+           walkthrough.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+           walkthrough.append('div').html(_t.html('splash.walkthrough'));
+           var startEditing = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'start-editing').on('click', modalSelection.close);
+           startEditing.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-features').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-features');
+           startEditing.append('div').html(_t.html('splash.start'));
+           modalSelection.select('button.close').attr('class', 'hide');
          };
        }
 
-       function uiScale(context) {
-         var projection = context.projection,
-             isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric(),
-             maxLength = 180,
-             tickHeight = 8;
+       function uiStatus(context) {
+         var osm = context.connection();
+         return function (selection) {
+           if (!osm) return;
 
-         function scaleDefs(loc1, loc2) {
-           var lat = (loc2[1] + loc1[1]) / 2,
-               conversion = isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1,
-               dist = geoLonToMeters(loc2[0] - loc1[0], lat) * conversion,
-               scale = {
-             dist: 0,
-             px: 0,
-             text: ''
-           },
-               buckets,
-               i,
-               val,
-               dLon;
+           function update(err, apiStatus) {
+             selection.html('');
 
-           if (isImperial) {
-             buckets = [5280000, 528000, 52800, 5280, 500, 50, 5, 1];
-           } else {
-             buckets = [5000000, 500000, 50000, 5000, 500, 50, 5, 1];
-           } // determine a user-friendly endpoint for the scale
+             if (err) {
+               if (apiStatus === 'connectionSwitched') {
+                 // if the connection was just switched, we can't rely on
+                 // the status (we're getting the status of the previous api)
+                 return;
+               } else if (apiStatus === 'rateLimited') {
+                 selection.html(_t.html('osm_api_status.message.rateLimit')).append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'api-status-login').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('login')).on('click.login', function (d3_event) {
+                   d3_event.preventDefault();
+                   osm.authenticate();
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 // don't allow retrying too rapidly
+                 var throttledRetry = throttle(function () {
+                   // try loading the visible tiles
+                   context.loadTiles(context.projection); // manually reload the status too in case all visible tiles were already loaded
 
+                   osm.reloadApiStatus();
+                 }, 2000); // eslint-disable-next-line no-warning-comments
+                 // TODO: nice messages for different error types
 
-           for (i = 0; i < buckets.length; i++) {
-             val = buckets[i];
 
-             if (dist >= val) {
-               scale.dist = Math.floor(dist / val) * val;
-               break;
-             } else {
-               scale.dist = +dist.toFixed(2);
+                 selection.html(_t.html('osm_api_status.message.error') + ' ').append('a').attr('href', '#') // let the user manually retry their connection directly
+                 .html(_t.html('osm_api_status.retry')).on('click.retry', function (d3_event) {
+                   d3_event.preventDefault();
+                   throttledRetry();
+                 });
+               }
+             } else if (apiStatus === 'readonly') {
+               selection.html(_t.html('osm_api_status.message.readonly'));
+             } else if (apiStatus === 'offline') {
+               selection.html(_t.html('osm_api_status.message.offline'));
              }
-           }
 
-           dLon = geoMetersToLon(scale.dist / conversion, lat);
-           scale.px = Math.round(projection([loc1[0] + dLon, loc1[1]])[0]);
-           scale.text = displayLength(scale.dist / conversion, isImperial);
-           return scale;
-         }
+             selection.attr('class', 'api-status ' + (err ? 'error' : apiStatus));
+           }
 
-         function update(selection) {
-           // choose loc1, loc2 along bottom of viewport (near where the scale will be drawn)
-           var dims = context.map().dimensions(),
-               loc1 = projection.invert([0, dims[1]]),
-               loc2 = projection.invert([maxLength, dims[1]]),
-               scale = scaleDefs(loc1, loc2);
-           selection.select('.scale-path').attr('d', 'M0.5,0.5v' + tickHeight + 'h' + scale.px + 'v-' + tickHeight);
-           selection.select('.scale-text').style(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'left' : 'right', scale.px + 16 + 'px').html(scale.text);
-         }
+           osm.on('apiStatusChange.uiStatus', update);
+           context.history().on('storage_error', function () {
+             selection.html(_t.html('osm_api_status.message.local_storage_full'));
+             selection.attr('class', 'api-status error');
+           }); // reload the status periodically regardless of other factors
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           function switchUnits() {
-             isImperial = !isImperial;
-             selection.call(update);
-           }
+           window.setInterval(function () {
+             osm.reloadApiStatus();
+           }, 90000); // load the initial status in case no OSM data was loaded yet
 
-           var scalegroup = selection.append('svg').attr('class', 'scale').on('click', switchUnits).append('g').attr('transform', 'translate(10,11)');
-           scalegroup.append('path').attr('class', 'scale-path');
-           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'scale-text');
-           selection.call(update);
-           context.map().on('move.scale', function () {
-             update(selection);
-           });
+           osm.reloadApiStatus();
          };
        }
 
-       function uiShortcuts(context) {
-         var detected = utilDetect();
-         var _activeTab = 0;
-
-         var _modalSelection;
-
-         var _selection = select(null);
+       function modeDrawArea(context, wayID, startGraph, button) {
+         var mode = {
+           button: button,
+           id: 'draw-area'
+         };
+         var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph).on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawArea', function () {
+           context.ui().flash.iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('self_intersection.error.areas'))();
+         });
+         mode.wayID = wayID;
 
-         var _dataShortcuts;
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
-         function shortcutsModal(_modalSelection) {
-           _modalSelection.select('.modal').classed('modal-shortcuts', true);
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-           var content = _modalSelection.select('.content');
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           return [wayID];
+         };
 
-           content.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('h3').html(_t.html('shortcuts.title'));
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('shortcuts').then(function (data) {
-             _dataShortcuts = data;
-             content.call(render);
-           })["catch"](function () {
-             /* ignore */
-           });
-         }
+         mode.activeID = function () {
+           return behavior && behavior.activeID() || [];
+         };
 
-         function render(selection) {
-           if (!_dataShortcuts) return;
-           var wrapper = selection.selectAll('.wrapper').data([0]);
-           var wrapperEnter = wrapper.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'wrapper modal-section');
-           var tabsBar = wrapperEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'tabs-bar');
-           var shortcutsList = wrapperEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'shortcuts-list');
-           wrapper = wrapper.merge(wrapperEnter);
-           var tabs = tabsBar.selectAll('.tab').data(_dataShortcuts);
-           var tabsEnter = tabs.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'tab').attr('href', '#').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-             var i = _dataShortcuts.indexOf(d);
+       function modeAddArea(context, mode) {
+         mode.id = 'add-area';
+         var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context).on('start', start).on('startFromWay', startFromWay).on('startFromNode', startFromNode);
+         var defaultTags = {
+           area: 'yes'
+         };
+         if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'area');
 
-             _activeTab = i;
-             render(selection);
-           });
-           tabsEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html(d.text);
-           }); // Update
+         function actionClose(wayId) {
+           return function (graph) {
+             return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).close());
+           };
+         }
 
-           wrapper.selectAll('.tab').classed('active', function (d, i) {
-             return i === _activeTab;
-           });
-           var shortcuts = shortcutsList.selectAll('.shortcut-tab').data(_dataShortcuts);
-           var shortcutsEnter = shortcuts.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'shortcut-tab shortcut-tab-' + d.tab;
-           });
-           var columnsEnter = shortcutsEnter.selectAll('.shortcut-column').data(function (d) {
-             return d.columns;
-           }).enter().append('table').attr('class', 'shortcut-column');
-           var rowsEnter = columnsEnter.selectAll('.shortcut-row').data(function (d) {
-             return d.rows;
-           }).enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'shortcut-row');
-           var sectionRows = rowsEnter.filter(function (d) {
-             return !d.shortcuts;
+         function start(loc) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
            });
-           sectionRows.append('td');
-           sectionRows.append('td').attr('class', 'shortcut-section').append('h3').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html(d.text);
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
            });
-           var shortcutRows = rowsEnter.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.shortcuts;
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionClose(way.id));
+           context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
+
+         function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
            });
-           var shortcutKeys = shortcutRows.append('td').attr('class', 'shortcut-keys');
-           var modifierKeys = shortcutKeys.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.modifiers;
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
            });
-           modifierKeys.selectAll('kbd.modifier').data(function (d) {
-             if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
-               return ['⌘'];
-             } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
-               return [];
-             } else {
-               return d.modifiers;
-             }
-           }).enter().each(function () {
-             var selection = select(this);
-             selection.append('kbd').attr('class', 'modifier').html(function (d) {
-               return uiCmd.display(d);
-             });
-             selection.append('span').html('+');
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionClose(way.id), actionAddMidpoint({
+             loc: loc,
+             edge: edge
+           }, node));
+           context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
+
+         function startFromNode(node) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
            });
-           shortcutKeys.selectAll('kbd.shortcut').data(function (d) {
-             var arr = d.shortcuts;
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionClose(way.id));
+           context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
 
-             if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
-               arr = ['Y'];
-             } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
-               arr = ['F11'];
-             } // replace translations
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-             arr = arr.map(function (s) {
-               return uiCmd.display(s.indexOf('.') !== -1 ? _t(s) : s);
-             });
-             return utilArrayUniq(arr).map(function (s) {
-               return {
-                 shortcut: s,
-                 separator: d.separator,
-                 suffix: d.suffix
-               };
-             });
-           }).enter().each(function (d, i, nodes) {
-             var selection = select(this);
-             var click = d.shortcut.toLowerCase().match(/(.*).click/);
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-             if (click && click[1]) {
-               // replace "left_click", "right_click" with mouse icon
-               selection.call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-' + click[1], 'operation'));
-             } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'long-press') {
-               selection.call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'longpress operation'));
-             } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'tap') {
-               selection.call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'tap operation'));
-             } else {
-               selection.append('kbd').attr('class', 'shortcut').html(function (d) {
-                 return d.shortcut;
-               });
-             }
+       function modeAddLine(context, mode) {
+         mode.id = 'add-line';
+         var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context).on('start', start).on('startFromWay', startFromWay).on('startFromNode', startFromNode);
+         var defaultTags = {};
+         if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'line');
 
-             if (i < nodes.length - 1) {
-               selection.append('span').html(d.separator || "\xA0" + _t.html('shortcuts.or') + "\xA0");
-             } else if (i === nodes.length - 1 && d.suffix) {
-               selection.append('span').html(d.suffix);
-             }
+         function start(loc) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
            });
-           shortcutKeys.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.gesture;
-           }).each(function () {
-             var selection = select(this);
-             selection.append('span').html('+');
-             selection.append('span').attr('class', 'gesture').html(function (d) {
-               return _t.html(d.gesture);
-             });
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
            });
-           shortcutRows.append('td').attr('class', 'shortcut-desc').html(function (d) {
-             return d.text ? _t.html(d.text) : "\xA0";
-           }); // Update
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id));
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
 
-           wrapper.selectAll('.shortcut-tab').style('display', function (d, i) {
-             return i === _activeTab ? 'flex' : 'none';
+         function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
            });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionAddMidpoint({
+             loc: loc,
+             edge: edge
+           }, node));
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
          }
 
-         return function (selection, show) {
-           _selection = selection;
-
-           if (show) {
-             _modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
-
-             _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
-           } else {
-             context.keybinding().on([_t('shortcuts.toggle.key'), '?'], function () {
-               if (context.container().selectAll('.modal-shortcuts').size()) {
-                 // already showing
-                 if (_modalSelection) {
-                   _modalSelection.close();
+         function startFromNode(node) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id));
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
 
-                   _modalSelection = null;
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 _modalSelection = uiModal(_selection);
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
-                 _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
-               }
-             });
-           }
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
          };
+
+         return mode;
        }
 
-       var pair_1 = pair;
+       function modeAddPoint(context, mode) {
+         mode.id = 'add-point';
+         var behavior = behaviorDraw(context).on('click', add).on('clickWay', addWay).on('clickNode', addNode).on('cancel', cancel).on('finish', cancel);
+         var defaultTags = {};
+         if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'point');
 
-       function search(input, dims) {
-         if (!dims) dims = 'NSEW';
-         if (typeof input !== 'string') return null;
-         input = input.toUpperCase();
-         var regex = /^[\s\,]*([NSEW])?\s*([\-|\—|\―]?[0-9.]+)[°º˚]?\s*(?:([0-9.]+)['’′‘]\s*)?(?:([0-9.]+)(?:''|"|”|″)\s*)?([NSEW])?/;
-         var m = input.match(regex);
-         if (!m) return null; // no match
+         function add(loc) {
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc,
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), _t('operations.add.annotation.point'));
+           enterSelectMode(node);
+         }
 
-         var matched = m[0]; // extract dimension.. m[1] = leading, m[5] = trailing
+         function addWay(loc, edge) {
+           var node = osmNode({
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
+             loc: loc,
+             edge: edge
+           }, node), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
+           enterSelectMode(node);
+         }
+
+         function enterSelectMode(node) {
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [node.id]).newFeature(true));
+         }
+
+         function addNode(node) {
+           if (Object.keys(defaultTags).length === 0) {
+             enterSelectMode(node);
+             return;
+           }
+
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, node.tags); // shallow copy
+
+           for (var key in defaultTags) {
+             tags[key] = defaultTags[key];
+           }
 
-         var dim;
+           context.perform(actionChangeTags(node.id, tags), _t('operations.add.annotation.point'));
+           enterSelectMode(node);
+         }
 
-         if (m[1] && m[5]) {
-           // if matched both..
-           dim = m[1]; // keep leading
+         function cancel() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-           matched = matched.slice(0, -1); // remove trailing dimension from match
-         } else {
-           dim = m[1] || m[5];
-         } // if unrecognized dimension
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-         if (dim && dims.indexOf(dim) === -1) return null; // extract DMS
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-         var deg = m[2] ? parseFloat(m[2]) : 0;
-         var min = m[3] ? parseFloat(m[3]) / 60 : 0;
-         var sec = m[4] ? parseFloat(m[4]) / 3600 : 0;
-         var sign = deg < 0 ? -1 : 1;
-         if (dim === 'S' || dim === 'W') sign *= -1;
-         return {
-           val: (Math.abs(deg) + min + sec) * sign,
-           dim: dim,
-           matched: matched,
-           remain: input.slice(matched.length)
+       function modeSelectNote(context, selectedNoteID) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'select-note',
+           button: 'browse'
          };
-       }
 
-       function pair(input, dims) {
-         input = input.trim();
-         var one = search(input, dims);
-         if (!one) return null;
-         input = one.remain.trim();
-         var two = search(input, dims);
-         if (!two || two.remain) return null;
+         var _keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-note');
 
-         if (one.dim) {
-           return swapdim(one.val, two.val, one.dim);
-         } else {
-           return [one.val, two.val];
-         }
-       }
+         var _noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context).on('change', function () {
+           context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
-       function swapdim(a, b, dim) {
-         if (dim === 'N' || dim === 'S') return [a, b];
-         if (dim === 'W' || dim === 'E') return [b, a];
-       }
+           var note = checkSelectedID();
+           if (!note) return;
+           context.ui().sidebar.show(_noteEditor.note(note));
+         });
 
-       function uiFeatureList(context) {
-         var _geocodeResults;
+         var _behaviors = [behaviorBreathe(), behaviorHover(context), behaviorSelect(context), behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
+         var _newFeature = false;
 
-         function featureList(selection) {
-           var header = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           header.append('h3').html(_t.html('inspector.feature_list'));
-           var searchWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'search-header');
-           searchWrap.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));
-           var search = searchWrap.append('input').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search')).attr('type', 'search').call(utilNoAuto).on('keypress', keypress).on('keydown', keydown).on('input', inputevent);
-           var listWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'inspector-body');
-           var list = listWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'feature-list');
-           context.on('exit.feature-list', clearSearch);
-           context.map().on('drawn.feature-list', mapDrawn);
-           context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘F'), focusSearch);
+         function checkSelectedID() {
+           if (!services.osm) return;
+           var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
 
-           function focusSearch(d3_event) {
-             var mode = context.mode() && context.mode().id;
-             if (mode !== 'browse') return;
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             search.node().focus();
+           if (!note) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }
 
-           function keydown(d3_event) {
-             if (d3_event.keyCode === 27) {
-               // escape
-               search.node().blur();
-             }
-           }
+           return note;
+         } // class the note as selected, or return to browse mode if the note is gone
 
-           function keypress(d3_event) {
-             var q = search.property('value'),
-                 items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item');
 
-             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
-             q.length && items.size()) {
-               click(items.datum());
+         function selectNote(d3_event, drawn) {
+           if (!checkSelectedID()) return;
+           var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-notes .note-' + selectedNoteID);
+
+           if (selection.empty()) {
+             // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
+             // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
+             var source = d3_event && d3_event.type === 'zoom' && d3_event.sourceEvent;
+
+             if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
+           } else {
+             selection.classed('selected', true);
+             context.selectedNoteID(selectedNoteID);
            }
+         }
 
-           function inputevent() {
-             _geocodeResults = undefined;
-             drawList();
-           }
+         function esc() {
+           if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-           function clearSearch() {
-             search.property('value', '');
-             drawList();
-           }
+         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
+           if (!services.osm) return;
+           var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
 
-           function mapDrawn(e) {
-             if (e.full) {
-               drawList();
-             }
+           if (note) {
+             context.map().centerZoomEase(note.loc, 20);
            }
+         };
 
-           function features() {
-             var result = [];
-             var graph = context.graph();
-             var visibleCenter = context.map().extent().center();
-             var q = search.property('value').toLowerCase();
-             if (!q) return result;
-             var locationMatch = pair_1(q.toUpperCase()) || q.match(/^(-?\d+\.?\d*)\s+(-?\d+\.?\d*)$/);
+         mode.newFeature = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
+           _newFeature = val;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-             if (locationMatch) {
-               var loc = [parseFloat(locationMatch[0]), parseFloat(locationMatch[1])];
-               result.push({
-                 id: -1,
-                 geometry: 'point',
-                 type: _t('inspector.location'),
-                 name: dmsCoordinatePair([loc[1], loc[0]]),
-                 location: loc
-               });
-             } // A location search takes priority over an ID search
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           var note = checkSelectedID();
+           if (!note) return;
 
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.install);
 
-             var idMatch = !locationMatch && q.match(/(?:^|\W)(node|way|relation|[nwr])\W?0*([1-9]\d*)(?:\W|$)/i);
+           _keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on('⎋', esc, true);
 
-             if (idMatch) {
-               var elemType = idMatch[1].charAt(0);
-               var elemId = idMatch[2];
-               result.push({
-                 id: elemType + elemId,
-                 geometry: elemType === 'n' ? 'point' : elemType === 'w' ? 'line' : 'relation',
-                 type: elemType === 'n' ? _t('inspector.node') : elemType === 'w' ? _t('inspector.way') : _t('inspector.relation'),
-                 name: elemId
-               });
-             }
+           select(document).call(_keybinding);
+           selectNote();
+           var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
+           sidebar.show(_noteEditor.note(note).newNote(_newFeature)); // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the note if needed
 
-             var allEntities = graph.entities;
-             var localResults = [];
+           sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(note.extent()));
+           context.map().on('drawn.select', selectNote);
+         };
 
-             for (var id in allEntities) {
-               var entity = allEntities[id];
-               if (!entity) continue;
-               var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
-               if (name.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) < 0) continue;
-               var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-               var type = matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
-               var extent = entity.extent(graph);
-               var distance = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(visibleCenter, extent.center()) : 0;
-               localResults.push({
-                 id: entity.id,
-                 entity: entity,
-                 geometry: entity.geometry(graph),
-                 type: type,
-                 name: name,
-                 distance: distance
-               });
-               if (localResults.length > 100) break;
-             }
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
 
-             localResults = localResults.sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
-               return a.distance - b.distance;
-             });
-             result = result.concat(localResults);
+           select(document).call(_keybinding.unbind);
+           context.surface().selectAll('.layer-notes .selected').classed('selected hover', false);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select', null);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           context.selectedNoteID(null);
+         };
 
-             (_geocodeResults || []).forEach(function (d) {
-               if (d.osm_type && d.osm_id) {
-                 // some results may be missing these - #1890
-                 // Make a temporary osmEntity so we can preset match
-                 // and better localize the search result - #4725
-                 var id = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(d.osm_type, d.osm_id);
-                 var tags = {};
-                 tags[d["class"]] = d.type;
-                 var attrs = {
-                   id: id,
-                   type: d.osm_type,
-                   tags: tags
-                 };
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-                 if (d.osm_type === 'way') {
-                   // for ways, add some fake closed nodes
-                   attrs.nodes = ['a', 'a']; // so that geometry area is possible
-                 }
+       function modeAddNote(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'add-note',
+           button: 'note',
+           description: _t.html('modes.add_note.description'),
+           key: _t('modes.add_note.key')
+         };
+         var behavior = behaviorDraw(context).on('click', add).on('cancel', cancel).on('finish', cancel);
 
-                 var tempEntity = osmEntity(attrs);
-                 var tempGraph = coreGraph([tempEntity]);
-                 var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(tempEntity, tempGraph);
-                 var type = matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(id);
-                 result.push({
-                   id: tempEntity.id,
-                   geometry: tempEntity.geometry(tempGraph),
-                   type: type,
-                   name: d.display_name,
-                   extent: new geoExtent([parseFloat(d.boundingbox[3]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[0])], [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[2]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[1])])
-                 });
-               }
-             });
+         function add(loc) {
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var note = osmNote({
+             loc: loc,
+             status: 'open',
+             comments: []
+           });
+           osm.replaceNote(note); // force a reraw (there is no history change that would otherwise do this)
 
-             if (q.match(/^[0-9]+$/)) {
-               // if query is just a number, possibly an OSM ID without a prefix
-               result.push({
-                 id: 'n' + q,
-                 geometry: 'point',
-                 type: _t('inspector.node'),
-                 name: q
-               });
-               result.push({
-                 id: 'w' + q,
-                 geometry: 'line',
-                 type: _t('inspector.way'),
-                 name: q
-               });
-               result.push({
-                 id: 'r' + q,
-                 geometry: 'relation',
-                 type: _t('inspector.relation'),
-                 name: q
-               });
-             }
+           context.map().pan([0, 0]);
+           context.selectedNoteID(note.id).enter(modeSelectNote(context, note.id).newFeature(true));
+         }
 
-             return result;
-           }
+         function cancel() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-           function drawList() {
-             var value = search.property('value');
-             var results = features();
-             list.classed('filtered', value.length);
-             var resultsIndicator = list.selectAll('.no-results-item').data([0]).enter().append('button').property('disabled', true).attr('class', 'no-results-item').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));
-             resultsIndicator.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name');
-             list.selectAll('.no-results-item .entity-name').html(_t.html('geocoder.no_results_worldwide'));
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
-             if (services.geocoder) {
-               list.selectAll('.geocode-item').data([0]).enter().append('button').attr('class', 'geocode-item secondary-action').on('click', geocoderSearch).append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name').html(_t.html('geocoder.search'));
-             }
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-             list.selectAll('.no-results-item').style('display', value.length && !results.length ? 'block' : 'none');
-             list.selectAll('.geocode-item').style('display', value && _geocodeResults === undefined ? 'block' : 'none');
-             list.selectAll('.feature-list-item').data([-1]).remove();
-             var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item').data(results, function (d) {
-               return d.id;
-             });
-             var enter = items.enter().insert('button', '.geocode-item').attr('class', 'feature-list-item').on('mouseover', mouseover).on('mouseout', mouseout).on('click', click);
-             var label = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'label');
-             label.each(function (d) {
-               select(this).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.geometry, 'pre-text'));
-             });
-             label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-type').html(function (d) {
-               return d.type;
-             });
-             label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name').html(function (d) {
-               return d.name;
-             });
-             enter.style('opacity', 0).transition().style('opacity', 1);
-             items.order();
-             items.exit().remove();
-           }
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-           function mouseover(d3_event, d) {
-             if (d.id === -1) return;
-             utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
-           }
+       var JXON = new function () {
+         var sValueProp = 'keyValue',
+             sAttributesProp = 'keyAttributes',
+             sAttrPref = '@',
 
-           function mouseout(d3_event, d) {
-             if (d.id === -1) return;
-             utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+         /* you can customize these values */
+         aCache = [],
+             rIsNull = /^\s*$/,
+             rIsBool = /^(?:true|false)$/i;
+
+         function parseText(sValue) {
+           if (rIsNull.test(sValue)) {
+             return null;
            }
 
-           function click(d3_event, d) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           if (rIsBool.test(sValue)) {
+             return sValue.toLowerCase() === 'true';
+           }
 
-             if (d.location) {
-               context.map().centerZoomEase([d.location[1], d.location[0]], 19);
-             } else if (d.entity) {
-               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.entity.id]));
-               context.map().zoomToEase(d.entity);
-             } else {
-               // download, zoom to, and select the entity with the given ID
-               context.zoomToEntity(d.id);
-             }
+           if (isFinite(sValue)) {
+             return parseFloat(sValue);
            }
 
-           function geocoderSearch() {
-             services.geocoder.search(search.property('value'), function (err, resp) {
-               _geocodeResults = resp || [];
-               drawList();
-             });
+           if (isFinite(Date.parse(sValue))) {
+             return new Date(sValue);
            }
-         }
 
-         return featureList;
-       }
+           return sValue;
+         }
 
-       function uiSectionEntityIssues(context) {
-         var _entityIDs = [];
-         var _issues = [];
+         function EmptyTree() {}
 
-         var _activeIssueID;
+         EmptyTree.prototype.toString = function () {
+           return 'null';
+         };
 
-         var section = uiSection('entity-issues', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
-           return _issues.length > 0;
-         }).label(function () {
-           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
-             title: _t.html('issues.list_title'),
-             count: _issues.length
-           });
-         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
-         context.validator().on('validated.entity_issues', function () {
-           // Refresh on validated events
-           reloadIssues();
-           section.reRender();
-         }).on('focusedIssue.entity_issues', function (issue) {
-           makeActiveIssue(issue.id);
-         });
+         EmptyTree.prototype.valueOf = function () {
+           return null;
+         };
 
-         function reloadIssues() {
-           _issues = context.validator().getSharedEntityIssues(_entityIDs, {
-             includeDisabledRules: true
-           });
+         function objectify(vValue) {
+           return vValue === null ? new EmptyTree() : vValue instanceof Object ? vValue : new vValue.constructor(vValue);
          }
 
-         function makeActiveIssue(issueID) {
-           _activeIssueID = issueID;
-           section.selection().selectAll('.issue-container').classed('active', function (d) {
-             return d.id === _activeIssueID;
-           });
-         }
+         function createObjTree(oParentNode, nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr) {
+           var nLevelStart = aCache.length,
+               bChildren = oParentNode.hasChildNodes(),
+               bAttributes = oParentNode.hasAttributes(),
+               bHighVerb = Boolean(nVerb & 2);
+           var sProp,
+               vContent,
+               nLength = 0,
+               sCollectedTxt = '',
+               vResult = bHighVerb ? {} :
+           /* put here the default value for empty nodes: */
+           true;
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           selection.classed('grouped-items-area', true);
-           _activeIssueID = _issues.length > 0 ? _issues[0].id : null;
-           var containers = selection.selectAll('.issue-container').data(_issues, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // Exit
+           if (bChildren) {
+             for (var oNode, nItem = 0; nItem < oParentNode.childNodes.length; nItem++) {
+               oNode = oParentNode.childNodes.item(nItem);
 
-           containers.exit().remove(); // Enter
+               if (oNode.nodeType === 4) {
+                 /* nodeType is 'CDATASection' (4) */
+                 sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue;
+               } else if (oNode.nodeType === 3) {
+                 /* nodeType is 'Text' (3) */
+                 sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue.trim();
+               } else if (oNode.nodeType === 1 && !oNode.prefix) {
+                 /* nodeType is 'Element' (1) */
+                 aCache.push(oNode);
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           var containersEnter = containers.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-container');
-           var itemsEnter = containersEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'issue severity-' + d.severity;
-           }).on('mouseover.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
-             // don't hover-highlight the selected entity
-             var ids = d.entityIds.filter(function (e) {
-               return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1;
-             });
-             utilHighlightEntities(ids, true, context);
-           }).on('mouseout.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
-             var ids = d.entityIds.filter(function (e) {
-               return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1;
-             });
-             utilHighlightEntities(ids, false, context);
-           });
-           var labelsEnter = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-label');
-           var textEnter = labelsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'issue-text').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             makeActiveIssue(d.id); // expand only the clicked item
+           var nLevelEnd = aCache.length,
+               vBuiltVal = parseText(sCollectedTxt);
 
-             var extent = d.extent(context.graph());
+           if (!bHighVerb && (bChildren || bAttributes)) {
+             vResult = nVerb === 0 ? objectify(vBuiltVal) : {};
+           }
 
-             if (extent) {
-               var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
-               context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(extent.center(), setZoom);
-             }
-           });
-           textEnter.each(function (d) {
-             var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
-             select(this).call(svgIcon(iconName, 'issue-icon'));
-           });
-           textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-message');
-           var infoButton = labelsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'issue-info-button').attr('title', _t('icons.information')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-inspect'));
-           infoButton.on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+           for (var nElId = nLevelStart; nElId < nLevelEnd; nElId++) {
+             sProp = aCache[nElId].nodeName.toLowerCase();
+             vContent = createObjTree(aCache[nElId], nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr);
 
-             var container = select(this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode);
-             var info = container.selectAll('.issue-info');
-             var isExpanded = info.classed('expanded');
+             if (vResult.hasOwnProperty(sProp)) {
+               if (vResult[sProp].constructor !== Array) {
+                 vResult[sProp] = [vResult[sProp]];
+               }
 
-             if (isExpanded) {
-               info.transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
-                 info.classed('expanded', false);
-               });
+               vResult[sProp].push(vContent);
              } else {
-               info.classed('expanded', true).transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '200px').style('opacity', '1').on('end', function () {
-                 info.style('max-height', null);
-               });
+               vResult[sProp] = vContent;
+               nLength++;
+             }
+           }
+
+           if (bAttributes) {
+             var nAttrLen = oParentNode.attributes.length,
+                 sAPrefix = bNesteAttr ? '' : sAttrPref,
+                 oAttrParent = bNesteAttr ? {} : vResult;
+
+             for (var oAttrib, nAttrib = 0; nAttrib < nAttrLen; nLength++, nAttrib++) {
+               oAttrib = oParentNode.attributes.item(nAttrib);
+               oAttrParent[sAPrefix + oAttrib.name.toLowerCase()] = parseText(oAttrib.value.trim());
              }
-           });
-           itemsEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'issue-fix-list');
-           containersEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-info').style('max-height', '0').style('opacity', '0').each(function (d) {
-             if (typeof d.reference === 'function') {
-               select(this).call(d.reference);
-             } else {
-               select(this).html(_t.html('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
+
+             if (bNesteAttr) {
+               if (bFreeze) {
+                 Object.freeze(oAttrParent);
+               }
+
+               vResult[sAttributesProp] = oAttrParent;
+               nLength -= nAttrLen - 1;
              }
-           }); // Update
+           }
 
-           containers = containers.merge(containersEnter).classed('active', function (d) {
-             return d.id === _activeIssueID;
-           });
-           containers.selectAll('.issue-message').html(function (d) {
-             return d.message(context);
-           }); // fixes
+           if (nVerb === 3 || (nVerb === 2 || nVerb === 1 && nLength > 0) && sCollectedTxt) {
+             vResult[sValueProp] = vBuiltVal;
+           } else if (!bHighVerb && nLength === 0 && sCollectedTxt) {
+             vResult = vBuiltVal;
+           }
 
-           var fixLists = containers.selectAll('.issue-fix-list');
-           var fixes = fixLists.selectAll('.issue-fix-item').data(function (d) {
-             return d.fixes ? d.fixes(context) : [];
-           }, function (fix) {
-             return fix.id;
-           });
-           fixes.exit().remove();
-           var fixesEnter = fixes.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'issue-fix-item');
-           var buttons = fixesEnter.append('button').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             // not all fixes are actionable
-             if (select(this).attr('disabled') || !d.onClick) return; // Don't run another fix for this issue within a second of running one
-             // (Necessary for "Select a feature type" fix. Most fixes should only ever run once)
+           if (bFreeze && (bHighVerb || nLength > 0)) {
+             Object.freeze(vResult);
+           }
 
-             if (d.issue.dateLastRanFix && new Date() - d.issue.dateLastRanFix < 1000) return;
-             d.issue.dateLastRanFix = new Date(); // remove hover-highlighting
+           aCache.length = nLevelStart;
+           return vResult;
+         }
 
-             utilHighlightEntities(d.issue.entityIds.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);
-             new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
-               d.onClick(context, resolve, reject);
+         function loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oParentEl, oParentObj) {
+           var vValue, oChild;
 
-               if (d.onClick.length <= 1) {
-                 // if the fix doesn't take any completion parameters then consider it resolved
-                 resolve();
-               }
-             }).then(function () {
-               // revalidate whenever the fix has finished running successfully
-               context.validator().validate();
-             });
-           }).on('mouseover.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
-             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
-           }).on('mouseout.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
-             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
-           });
-           buttons.each(function (d) {
-             var iconName = d.icon || 'iD-icon-wrench';
+           if (oParentObj instanceof String || oParentObj instanceof Number || oParentObj instanceof Boolean) {
+             oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toString()));
+             /* verbosity level is 0 */
+           } else if (oParentObj.constructor === Date) {
+             oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toGMTString()));
+           }
 
-             if (iconName.startsWith('maki')) {
-               iconName += '-15';
-             }
+           for (var sName in oParentObj) {
+             vValue = oParentObj[sName];
 
-             select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + iconName, 'fix-icon'));
-           });
-           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'fix-message').html(function (d) {
-             return d.title;
-           });
-           fixesEnter.merge(fixes).selectAll('button').classed('actionable', function (d) {
-             return d.onClick;
-           }).attr('disabled', function (d) {
-             return d.onClick ? null : 'true';
-           }).attr('title', function (d) {
-             if (d.disabledReason) {
-               return d.disabledReason;
+             if (isFinite(sName) || vValue instanceof Function) {
+               continue;
              }
+             /* verbosity level is 0 */
 
-             return null;
-           });
-         }
 
-         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+             if (sName === sValueProp) {
+               if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) {
+                 oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.constructor === Date ? vValue.toGMTString() : String(vValue)));
+               }
+             } else if (sName === sAttributesProp) {
+               /* verbosity level is 3 */
+               for (var sAttrib in vValue) {
+                 oParentEl.setAttribute(sAttrib, vValue[sAttrib]);
+               }
+             } else if (sName.charAt(0) === sAttrPref) {
+               oParentEl.setAttribute(sName.slice(1), vValue);
+             } else if (vValue.constructor === Array) {
+               for (var nItem = 0; nItem < vValue.length; nItem++) {
+                 oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
+                 loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue[nItem]);
+                 oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
+               }
+             } else {
+               oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
 
-           if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
-             _entityIDs = val;
-             _activeIssueID = null;
-             reloadIssues();
+               if (vValue instanceof Object) {
+                 loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue);
+               } else if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) {
+                 oChild.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.toString()));
+               }
+
+               oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           return section;
+         this.build = function (oXMLParent, nVerbosity
+         /* optional */
+         , bFreeze
+         /* optional */
+         , bNesteAttributes
+         /* optional */
+         ) {
+           var _nVerb = arguments.length > 1 && typeof nVerbosity === 'number' ? nVerbosity & 3 :
+           /* put here the default verbosity level: */
+           1;
+
+           return createObjTree(oXMLParent, _nVerb, bFreeze || false, arguments.length > 3 ? bNesteAttributes : _nVerb === 3);
          };
 
-         return section;
-       }
+         this.unbuild = function (oObjTree) {
+           var oNewDoc = document.implementation.createDocument('', '', null);
+           loadObjTree(oNewDoc, oNewDoc, oObjTree);
+           return oNewDoc;
+         };
 
-       function uiPresetIcon() {
-         var _preset;
+         this.stringify = function (oObjTree) {
+           return new XMLSerializer().serializeToString(JXON.unbuild(oObjTree));
+         };
+       }(); // var myObject = JXON.build(doc);
+       // we got our javascript object! try: alert(JSON.stringify(myObject));
+       // var newDoc = JXON.unbuild(myObject);
+       // we got our Document instance! try: alert((new XMLSerializer()).serializeToString(newDoc));
 
-         var _geometry;
+       function uiConflicts(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('cancel', 'save');
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('conflicts');
 
-         var _sizeClass = 'medium';
+         var _origChanges;
 
-         function isSmall() {
-           return _sizeClass === 'small';
-         }
+         var _conflictList;
 
-         function presetIcon(selection) {
-           selection.each(render);
+         var _shownConflictIndex;
+
+         function keybindingOn() {
+           select(document).call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
          }
 
-         function getIcon(p, geom) {
-           if (isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback()) return 'iD-icon-' + p.id;else if (p.icon) return p.icon;else if (geom === 'line') return 'iD-other-line';else if (geom === 'vertex') return p.isFallback() ? '' : 'temaki-vertex';else if (isSmall() && geom === 'point') return '';else return 'maki-marker-stroked';
+         function keybindingOff() {
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
          }
 
-         function renderPointBorder(container, drawPoint) {
-           var pointBorder = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-point-border').data(drawPoint ? [0] : []);
-           pointBorder.exit().remove();
-           var pointBorderEnter = pointBorder.enter();
-           var w = 40;
-           var h = 40;
-           pointBorderEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-point-border').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h)).append('path').attr('transform', 'translate(11.5, 8)').attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
-           pointBorder = pointBorderEnter.merge(pointBorder);
+         function tryAgain() {
+           keybindingOff();
+           dispatch.call('save');
          }
 
-         function renderCircleFill(container, drawVertex) {
-           var vertexFill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-vertex').data(drawVertex ? [0] : []);
-           vertexFill.exit().remove();
-           var vertexFillEnter = vertexFill.enter();
-           var w = 60;
-           var h = 60;
-           var d = 40;
-           vertexFillEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-vertex').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h)).append('circle').attr('cx', w / 2).attr('cy', h / 2).attr('r', d / 2);
-           vertexFill = vertexFillEnter.merge(vertexFill);
+         function cancel() {
+           keybindingOff();
+           dispatch.call('cancel');
          }
 
-         function renderSquareFill(container, drawArea, tagClasses) {
-           var fill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-area').data(drawArea ? [0] : []);
-           fill.exit().remove();
-           var fillEnter = fill.enter();
-           var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60;
-           var w = d;
-           var h = d;
-           var l = d * 2 / 3;
-           var c1 = (w - l) / 2;
-           var c2 = c1 + l;
-           fillEnter = fillEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-area').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h));
-           ['fill', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
-             fillEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(c1, " ").concat(c1, " L").concat(c1, " ").concat(c2, " L").concat(c2, " ").concat(c2, " L").concat(c2, " ").concat(c1, " Z")).attr('class', "line area ".concat(klass));
-           });
-           var rVertex = 2.5;
-           [[c1, c1], [c1, c2], [c2, c2], [c2, c1]].forEach(function (point) {
-             fillEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'vertex').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', rVertex);
+         function conflicts(selection) {
+           keybindingOn();
+           var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'fr').on('click', cancel).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('save.conflict.header'));
+           var bodyEnter = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body fillL');
+           var conflictsHelpEnter = bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflicts-help').html(_t.html('save.conflict.help')); // Download changes link
+
+           var detected = utilDetect();
+           var changeset = new osmChangeset();
+           delete changeset.id; // Export without changeset_id
+
+           var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(_origChanges));
+           var blob = new Blob([data], {
+             type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;'
            });
+           var fileName = 'changes.osc';
+           var linkEnter = conflictsHelpEnter.selectAll('.download-changes').append('a').attr('class', 'download-changes');
 
-           if (!isSmall()) {
-             var rMidpoint = 1.25;
-             [[c1, w / 2], [c2, w / 2], [h / 2, c1], [h / 2, c2]].forEach(function (point) {
-               fillEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'midpoint').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', rMidpoint);
+           if (detected.download) {
+             // All except IE11 and Edge
+             linkEnter // download the data as a file
+             .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)).attr('download', fileName);
+           } else {
+             // IE11 and Edge
+             linkEnter // open data uri in a new tab
+             .attr('target', '_blank').on('click.download', function () {
+               navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
              });
            }
 
-           fill = fillEnter.merge(fill);
-           fill.selectAll('path.stroke').attr('class', "area stroke ".concat(tagClasses));
-           fill.selectAll('path.fill').attr('class', "area fill ".concat(tagClasses));
+           linkEnter.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('save.conflict.download_changes'));
+           bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-container fillL3').call(showConflict, 0);
+           bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflicts-done').attr('opacity', 0).style('display', 'none').html(_t.html('save.conflict.done'));
+           var buttonsEnter = bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'buttons col12 joined conflicts-buttons');
+           buttonsEnter.append('button').attr('disabled', _conflictList.length > 1).attr('class', 'action conflicts-button col6').html(_t.html('save.title')).on('click.try_again', tryAgain);
+           buttonsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'secondary-action conflicts-button col6').html(_t.html('confirm.cancel')).on('click.cancel', cancel);
          }
 
-         function renderLine(container, drawLine, tagClasses) {
-           var line = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-line').data(drawLine ? [0] : []);
-           line.exit().remove();
-           var lineEnter = line.enter();
-           var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60; // draw the line parametrically
+         function showConflict(selection, index) {
+           index = utilWrap(index, _conflictList.length);
+           _shownConflictIndex = index;
+           var parent = select(selection.node().parentNode); // enable save button if this is the last conflict being reviewed..
 
-           var w = d;
-           var h = d;
-           var y = Math.round(d * 0.72);
-           var l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
-           var r = 2.5;
-           var x1 = (w - l) / 2;
-           var x2 = x1 + l;
-           lineEnter = lineEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-line').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h));
-           ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
-             lineEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x1, " ").concat(y, " L").concat(x2, " ").concat(y)).attr('class', "line ".concat(klass));
+           if (index === _conflictList.length - 1) {
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               parent.select('.conflicts-button').attr('disabled', null);
+               parent.select('.conflicts-done').transition().attr('opacity', 1).style('display', 'block');
+             }, 250);
+           }
+
+           var conflict = selection.selectAll('.conflict').data([_conflictList[index]]);
+           conflict.exit().remove();
+           var conflictEnter = conflict.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'conflict');
+           conflictEnter.append('h4').attr('class', 'conflict-count').html(_t.html('save.conflict.count', {
+             num: index + 1,
+             total: _conflictList.length
+           }));
+           conflictEnter.append('a').attr('class', 'conflict-description').attr('href', '#').html(function (d) {
+             return d.name;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             zoomToEntity(d.id);
            });
-           [[x1 - 1, y], [x2 + 1, y]].forEach(function (point) {
-             lineEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'vertex').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', r);
+           var details = conflictEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-detail-container');
+           details.append('ul').attr('class', 'conflict-detail-list').selectAll('li').data(function (d) {
+             return d.details || [];
+           }).enter().append('li').attr('class', 'conflict-detail-item').html(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
+           details.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-choices').call(addChoices);
+           details.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-nav-buttons joined cf').selectAll('button').data(['previous', 'next']).enter().append('button').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('save.conflict.' + d);
+           }).attr('class', 'conflict-nav-button action col6').attr('disabled', function (d, i) {
+             return i === 0 && index === 0 || i === 1 && index === _conflictList.length - 1 || null;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var container = parent.selectAll('.conflict-container');
+             var sign = d === 'previous' ? -1 : 1;
+             container.selectAll('.conflict').remove();
+             container.call(showConflict, index + sign);
            });
-           line = lineEnter.merge(line);
-           line.selectAll('path.stroke').attr('class', "line stroke ".concat(tagClasses));
-           line.selectAll('path.casing').attr('class', "line casing ".concat(tagClasses));
          }
 
-         function renderRoute(container, drawRoute, p) {
-           var route = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-route').data(drawRoute ? [0] : []);
-           route.exit().remove();
-           var routeEnter = route.enter();
-           var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60; // draw the route parametrically
+         function addChoices(selection) {
+           var choices = selection.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list').selectAll('li').data(function (d) {
+             return d.choices || [];
+           }); // enter
 
-           var w = d;
-           var h = d;
-           var y1 = Math.round(d * 0.80);
-           var y2 = Math.round(d * 0.68);
-           var l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
-           var r = 2;
-           var x1 = (w - l) / 2;
-           var x2 = x1 + l / 3;
-           var x3 = x2 + l / 3;
-           var x4 = x3 + l / 3;
-           routeEnter = routeEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-route').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h));
-           ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
-             routeEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x1, " ").concat(y1, " L").concat(x2, " ").concat(y2)).attr('class', "segment0 line ".concat(klass));
-             routeEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x2, " ").concat(y2, " L").concat(x3, " ").concat(y1)).attr('class', "segment1 line ".concat(klass));
-             routeEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x3, " ").concat(y1, " L").concat(x4, " ").concat(y2)).attr('class', "segment2 line ".concat(klass));
-           });
-           [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], [x3, y1], [x4, y2]].forEach(function (point) {
-             routeEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'vertex').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', r);
+           var choicesEnter = choices.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'layer');
+           var labelEnter = choicesEnter.append('label');
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }).on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             var ul = this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode;
+             ul.__data__.chosen = d.id;
+             choose(d3_event, ul, d);
            });
-           route = routeEnter.merge(route);
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return d.text;
+           }); // update
 
-           if (drawRoute) {
-             var routeType = p.tags.type === 'waterway' ? 'waterway' : p.tags.route;
-             var segmentPresetIDs = routeSegments[routeType];
+           choicesEnter.merge(choices).each(function (d) {
+             var ul = this.parentNode;
 
-             for (var i in segmentPresetIDs) {
-               var segmentPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(segmentPresetIDs[i]);
-               var segmentTagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(segmentPreset.tags, '');
-               route.selectAll("path.stroke.segment".concat(i)).attr('class', "segment".concat(i, " line stroke ").concat(segmentTagClasses));
-               route.selectAll("path.casing.segment".concat(i)).attr('class', "segment".concat(i, " line casing ").concat(segmentTagClasses));
+             if (ul.__data__.chosen === d.id) {
+               choose(null, ul, d);
              }
-           }
-         } // Route icons are drawn with a zigzag annotation underneath:
-         //     o   o
-         //    / \ /
-         //   o   o
-         // This dataset defines the styles that are used to draw the zigzag segments.
-
+           });
+         }
 
-         var routeSegments = {
-           bicycle: ['highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway'],
-           bus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
-           trolleybus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
-           detour: ['highway/tertiary', 'highway/residential', 'highway/unclassified'],
-           ferry: ['route/ferry', 'route/ferry', 'route/ferry'],
-           foot: ['highway/footway', 'highway/footway', 'highway/footway'],
-           hiking: ['highway/path', 'highway/path', 'highway/path'],
-           horse: ['highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway'],
-           light_rail: ['railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail'],
-           monorail: ['railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail'],
-           pipeline: ['man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline'],
-           piste: ['piste/downhill', 'piste/hike', 'piste/nordic'],
-           power: ['power/line', 'power/line', 'power/line'],
-           road: ['highway/secondary', 'highway/primary', 'highway/trunk'],
-           subway: ['railway/subway', 'railway/subway', 'railway/subway'],
-           train: ['railway/rail', 'railway/rail', 'railway/rail'],
-           tram: ['railway/tram', 'railway/tram', 'railway/tram'],
-           waterway: ['waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream']
-         };
+         function choose(d3_event, ul, datum) {
+           if (d3_event) d3_event.preventDefault();
+           select(ul).selectAll('li').classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d === datum;
+           }).selectAll('input').property('checked', function (d) {
+             return d === datum;
+           });
+           var extent = geoExtent();
+           var entity;
+           entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
+           if (entity) extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           datum.action();
+           entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
+           if (entity) extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           zoomToEntity(datum.id, extent);
+         }
 
-         function render() {
-           var p = _preset.apply(this, arguments);
+         function zoomToEntity(id, extent) {
+           context.surface().selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
+           var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(id);
 
-           var geom = _geometry ? _geometry.apply(this, arguments) : null;
+           if (entity) {
+             if (extent) {
+               context.map().trimmedExtent(extent);
+             } else {
+               context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
+             }
 
-           if (geom === 'relation' && p.tags && (p.tags.type === 'route' && p.tags.route && routeSegments[p.tags.route] || p.tags.type === 'waterway')) {
-             geom = 'route';
+             context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
            }
+         } // The conflict list should be an array of objects like:
+         // {
+         //     id: id,
+         //     name: entityName(local),
+         //     details: merge.conflicts(),
+         //     chosen: 1,
+         //     choices: [
+         //         choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal),
+         //         choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)
+         //     ]
+         // }
 
-           var showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
-           var isFallback = isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback();
-           var imageURL = showThirdPartyIcons === 'true' && p.imageURL;
-           var picon = getIcon(p, geom);
-           var isMaki = picon && /^maki-/.test(picon);
-           var isTemaki = picon && /^temaki-/.test(picon);
-           var isFa = picon && /^fa[srb]-/.test(picon);
-           var isiDIcon = picon && !(isMaki || isTemaki || isFa);
-           var isCategory = !p.setTags;
-           var drawPoint = picon && geom === 'point' && isSmall() && !isFallback;
-           var drawVertex = picon !== null && geom === 'vertex' && (!isSmall() || !isFallback);
-           var drawLine = picon && geom === 'line' && !isFallback && !isCategory;
-           var drawArea = picon && geom === 'area' && !isFallback;
-           var drawRoute = picon && geom === 'route';
-           var isFramed = drawVertex || drawArea || drawLine || drawRoute;
-           var tags = !isCategory ? p.setTags({}, geom) : {};
-
-           for (var k in tags) {
-             if (tags[k] === '*') {
-               tags[k] = 'yes';
-             }
-           }
 
-           var tagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(tags, '');
-           var selection = select(this);
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.preset-icon-container').data([0]);
-           container = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', "preset-icon-container ".concat(_sizeClass)).merge(container);
-           container.classed('showing-img', !!imageURL).classed('fallback', isFallback);
-           renderPointBorder(container, drawPoint);
-           renderCircleFill(container, drawVertex);
-           renderSquareFill(container, drawArea, tagClasses);
-           renderLine(container, drawLine, tagClasses);
-           renderRoute(container, drawRoute, p);
-           var icon = container.selectAll('.preset-icon').data(picon ? [0] : []);
-           icon.exit().remove();
-           icon = icon.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon').call(svgIcon('')).merge(icon);
-           icon.attr('class', 'preset-icon ' + (geom ? geom + '-geom' : '')).classed('framed', isFramed).classed('preset-icon-iD', isiDIcon);
-           icon.selectAll('svg').attr('class', 'icon ' + picon + ' ' + (!isiDIcon && geom !== 'line' ? '' : tagClasses));
-           icon.selectAll('use').attr('href', '#' + picon + (isMaki ? isSmall() && geom === 'point' ? '-11' : '-15' : ''));
-           var imageIcon = container.selectAll('img.image-icon').data(imageURL ? [0] : []);
-           imageIcon.exit().remove();
-           imageIcon = imageIcon.enter().append('img').attr('class', 'image-icon').on('load', function () {
-             return container.classed('showing-img', true);
-           }).on('error', function () {
-             return container.classed('showing-img', false);
-           }).merge(imageIcon);
-           imageIcon.attr('src', imageURL);
-         }
+         conflicts.conflictList = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _conflictList;
+           _conflictList = _;
+           return conflicts;
+         };
 
-         presetIcon.preset = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _preset;
-           _preset = utilFunctor(val);
-           return presetIcon;
+         conflicts.origChanges = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _origChanges;
+           _origChanges = _;
+           return conflicts;
          };
 
-         presetIcon.geometry = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _geometry;
-           _geometry = utilFunctor(val);
-           return presetIcon;
+         conflicts.shownEntityIds = function () {
+           if (_conflictList && typeof _shownConflictIndex === 'number') {
+             return [_conflictList[_shownConflictIndex].id];
+           }
+
+           return [];
          };
 
-         presetIcon.sizeClass = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _sizeClass;
-           _sizeClass = val;
-           return presetIcon;
+         return utilRebind(conflicts, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+
+       function uiConfirm(selection) {
+         var modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
+         modalSelection.select('.modal').classed('modal-alert', true);
+         var section = modalSelection.select('.content');
+         section.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section header');
+         section.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section message-text');
+         var buttons = section.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section buttons cf');
+
+         modalSelection.okButton = function () {
+           buttons.append('button').attr('class', 'button ok-button action').on('click.confirm', function () {
+             modalSelection.remove();
+           }).html(_t.html('confirm.okay')).node().focus();
+           return modalSelection;
          };
 
-         return presetIcon;
+         return modalSelection;
        }
 
-       function uiSectionFeatureType(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('choose');
-         var _entityIDs = [];
-         var _presets = [];
-
-         var _tagReference;
+       function uiChangesetEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
+         var commentCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'comment').caseSensitive(true);
 
-         var section = uiSection('feature-type', context).label(_t.html('inspector.feature_type')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         var _fieldsArr;
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           selection.classed('preset-list-item', true);
-           selection.classed('mixed-types', _presets.length > 1);
-           var presetButtonWrap = selection.selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');
-           var presetButton = presetButtonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-list-button preset-reset').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.back_tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
-           presetButton.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon-container');
-           presetButton.append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('div').attr('class', 'label-inner');
-           presetButtonWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'accessory-buttons');
-           var tagReferenceBodyWrap = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-body-wrap').data([0]);
-           tagReferenceBodyWrap = tagReferenceBodyWrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tag-reference-body-wrap').merge(tagReferenceBodyWrap); // update header
+         var _tags;
 
-           if (_tagReference) {
-             selection.selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap .accessory-buttons').style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none').call(_tagReference.button);
-             tagReferenceBodyWrap.style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none').call(_tagReference.body);
-           }
+         var _changesetID;
 
-           selection.selectAll('.preset-reset').on('click', function () {
-             dispatch$1.call('choose', this, _presets);
-           }).on('pointerdown pointerup mousedown mouseup', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           });
-           var geometries = entityGeometries();
-           selection.select('.preset-list-item button').call(uiPresetIcon().geometry(_presets.length === 1 ? geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0] : null).preset(_presets.length === 1 ? _presets[0] : _mainPresetIndex.item('point')));
-           var names = _presets.length === 1 ? [_presets[0].nameLabel(), _presets[0].subtitleLabel()].filter(Boolean) : [_t('inspector.multiple_types')];
-           var label = selection.select('.label-inner');
-           var nameparts = label.selectAll('.namepart').data(names, function (d) {
-             return d;
-           });
-           nameparts.exit().remove();
-           nameparts.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'namepart').html(function (d) {
-             return d;
-           });
+         function changesetEditor(selection) {
+           render(selection);
          }
 
-         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return section;
-         };
-
-         section.presets = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _presets; // don't reload the same preset
+         function render(selection) {
+           var initial = false;
 
-           if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _presets)) {
-             _presets = val;
+           if (!_fieldsArr) {
+             initial = true;
+             var presets = _mainPresetIndex;
+             _fieldsArr = [uiField(context, presets.field('comment'), null, {
+               show: true,
+               revert: false
+             }), uiField(context, presets.field('source'), null, {
+               show: false,
+               revert: false
+             }), uiField(context, presets.field('hashtags'), null, {
+               show: false,
+               revert: false
+             })];
 
-             if (_presets.length === 1) {
-               _tagReference = uiTagReference(_presets[0].reference()).showing(false);
-             }
+             _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
+               field.on('change', function (t, onInput) {
+                 dispatch.call('change', field, undefined, t, onInput);
+               });
+             });
            }
 
-           return section;
-         };
+           _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
+             field.tags(_tags);
+           });
 
-         function entityGeometries() {
-           var counts = {};
+           selection.call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));
 
-           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-             var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[i]);
-             if (!counts[geometry]) counts[geometry] = 0;
-             counts[geometry] += 1;
-           }
+           if (initial) {
+             var commentField = selection.select('.form-field-comment textarea');
+             var commentNode = commentField.node();
 
-           return Object.keys(counts).sort(function (geom1, geom2) {
-             return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
-           });
-         }
+             if (commentNode) {
+               commentNode.focus();
+               commentNode.select();
+             } // trigger a 'blur' event so that comment field can be cleaned
+             // and checked for hashtags, even if retrieved from localstorage
 
-         return utilRebind(section, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
 
-       // It borrows some code from uiHelp
+             utilTriggerEvent(commentField, 'blur');
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-       function uiFieldHelp(context, fieldName) {
-         var fieldHelp = {};
+             if (osm) {
+               osm.userChangesets(function (err, changesets) {
+                 if (err) return;
+                 var comments = changesets.map(function (changeset) {
+                   var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
+                   return comment ? {
+                     title: comment,
+                     value: comment
+                   } : null;
+                 }).filter(Boolean);
+                 commentField.call(commentCombo.data(utilArrayUniqBy(comments, 'title')));
+               });
+             }
+           } // Add warning if comment mentions Google
 
-         var _inspector = select(null);
 
-         var _wrap = select(null);
+           var hasGoogle = _tags.comment.match(/google/i);
 
-         var _body = select(null);
+           var commentWarning = selection.select('.form-field-comment').selectAll('.comment-warning').data(hasGoogle ? [0] : []);
+           commentWarning.exit().transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
+           var commentEnter = commentWarning.enter().insert('div', '.tag-reference-body').attr('class', 'field-warning comment-warning').style('opacity', 0);
+           commentEnter.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline')).attr('href', _t('commit.google_warning_link')).append('span').html(_t.html('commit.google_warning'));
+           commentEnter.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 1);
+         }
 
-         var fieldHelpKeys = {
-           restrictions: [['about', ['about', 'from_via_to', 'maxdist', 'maxvia']], ['inspecting', ['about', 'from_shadow', 'allow_shadow', 'restrict_shadow', 'only_shadow', 'restricted', 'only']], ['modifying', ['about', 'indicators', 'allow_turn', 'restrict_turn', 'only_turn']], ['tips', ['simple', 'simple_example', 'indirect', 'indirect_example', 'indirect_noedit']]]
+         changesetEditor.tags = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = _; // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
+
+           return changesetEditor;
          };
-         var fieldHelpHeadings = {};
-         var replacements = {
-           distField: _t.html('restriction.controls.distance'),
-           viaField: _t.html('restriction.controls.via'),
-           fromShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow from'),
-           allowShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow allow'),
-           restrictShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow restrict'),
-           onlyShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow only'),
-           allowTurn: icon('#iD-turn-yes', 'inline turn'),
-           restrictTurn: icon('#iD-turn-no', 'inline turn'),
-           onlyTurn: icon('#iD-turn-only', 'inline turn')
-         }; // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
 
-         var docs = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName].map(function (key) {
-           var helpkey = 'help.field.' + fieldName + '.' + key[0];
-           var text = key[1].reduce(function (all, part) {
-             var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
-             var depth = fieldHelpHeadings[subkey]; // is this subkey a heading?
+         changesetEditor.changesetID = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _changesetID;
+           if (_changesetID === _) return changesetEditor;
+           _changesetID = _;
+           _fieldsArr = null;
+           return changesetEditor;
+         };
 
-             var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : ''; // if so, prepend with some ##'s
+         return utilRebind(changesetEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-             return all + hhh + _t.html(subkey, replacements) + '\n\n';
-           }, '');
-           return {
-             key: helpkey,
-             title: _t.html(helpkey + '.title'),
-             html: marked_1(text.trim())
-           };
+       function uiSectionChanges(context) {
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var _discardTags = {};
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded').then(function (d) {
+           _discardTags = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
          });
+         var section = uiSection('changes-list', context).label(function () {
+           var history = context.history();
+           var summary = history.difference().summary();
+           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: _t.html('commit.changes'),
+             count: summary.length
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-         function show() {
-           updatePosition();
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var history = context.history();
+           var summary = history.difference().summary();
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.commit-section').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'commit-section');
+           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'changeset-list');
+           container = containerEnter.merge(container);
+           var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li').data(summary);
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'change-item');
+           var buttons = itemsEnter.append('button').on('mouseover', mouseover).on('mouseout', mouseout).on('click', click);
+           buttons.each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.entity.geometry(d.graph), 'pre-text ' + d.changeType));
+           });
+           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'change-type').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('commit.' + d.changeType) + ' ';
+           });
+           buttons.append('strong').attr('class', 'entity-type').html(function (d) {
+             var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.entity, d.graph);
+             return matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(d.entity.id);
+           });
+           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name').html(function (d) {
+             var name = utilDisplayName(d.entity) || '',
+                 string = '';
 
-           _body.classed('hide', false).style('opacity', '0').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '1');
-         }
+             if (name !== '') {
+               string += ':';
+             }
 
-         function hide() {
-           _body.classed('hide', true).transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
-             _body.classed('hide', true);
+             return string += ' ' + name;
            });
-         }
+           items = itemsEnter.merge(items); // Download changeset link
 
-         function clickHelp(index) {
-           var d = docs[index];
-           var tkeys = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName][index][1];
+           var changeset = new osmChangeset().update({
+             id: undefined
+           });
+           var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
+           delete changeset.id; // Export without chnageset_id
 
-           _body.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item').classed('active', function (d, i) {
-             return i === index;
+           var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes));
+           var blob = new Blob([data], {
+             type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;'
            });
+           var fileName = 'changes.osc';
+           var linkEnter = container.selectAll('.download-changes').data([0]).enter().append('a').attr('class', 'download-changes');
 
-           var content = _body.selectAll('.field-help-content').html(d.html); // class the paragraphs so we can find and style them
+           if (detected.download) {
+             // All except IE11 and Edge
+             linkEnter // download the data as a file
+             .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)).attr('download', fileName);
+           } else {
+             // IE11 and Edge
+             linkEnter // open data uri in a new tab
+             .attr('target', '_blank').on('click.download', function () {
+               navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
+             });
+           }
 
+           linkEnter.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('commit.download_changes'));
 
-           content.selectAll('p').attr('class', function (d, i) {
-             return tkeys[i];
-           }); // insert special content for certain help sections
+           function mouseover(d) {
+             if (d.entity) {
+               context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([d.entity.id], context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
+             }
+           }
 
-           if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.inspecting') {
-             content.insert('img', 'p.from_shadow').attr('class', 'field-help-image cf').attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_inspect.gif'));
-           } else if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.modifying') {
-             content.insert('img', 'p.allow_turn').attr('class', 'field-help-image cf').attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_modify.gif'));
+           function mouseout() {
+             context.surface().selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
            }
-         }
 
-         fieldHelp.button = function (selection) {
-           if (_body.empty()) return;
-           var button = selection.selectAll('.field-help-button').data([0]); // enter/update
+           function click(d3_event, change) {
+             if (change.changeType !== 'deleted') {
+               var entity = change.entity;
+               context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
+               context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           button.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'field-help-button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-help')).merge(button).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
+         return section;
+       }
 
-             if (_body.classed('hide')) {
-               show();
-             } else {
-               hide();
-             }
+       function uiCommitWarnings(context) {
+         function commitWarnings(selection) {
+           var issuesBySeverity = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity({
+             what: 'edited',
+             where: 'all',
+             includeDisabledRules: true
            });
-         };
 
-         function updatePosition() {
-           var wrap = _wrap.node();
-
-           var inspector = _inspector.node();
+           for (var severity in issuesBySeverity) {
+             var issues = issuesBySeverity[severity];
 
-           var wRect = wrap.getBoundingClientRect();
-           var iRect = inspector.getBoundingClientRect();
+             if (severity !== 'error') {
+               // exclude 'fixme' and similar - #8603
+               issues = issues.filter(function (issue) {
+                 return issue.type !== 'help_request';
+               });
+             }
 
-           _body.style('top', wRect.top + inspector.scrollTop - iRect.top + 'px');
+             var section = severity + '-section';
+             var issueItem = severity + '-item';
+             var container = selection.selectAll('.' + section).data(issues.length ? [0] : []);
+             container.exit().remove();
+             var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section ' + section + ' fillL2');
+             containerEnter.append('h3').html(severity === 'warning' ? _t.html('commit.warnings') : _t.html('commit.errors'));
+             containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'changeset-list');
+             container = containerEnter.merge(container);
+             var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li').data(issues, function (d) {
+               return d.key;
+             });
+             items.exit().remove();
+             var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', issueItem);
+             var buttons = itemsEnter.append('button').on('mouseover', function (d3_event, d) {
+               if (d.entityIds) {
+                 context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector(d.entityIds, context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
+               }
+             }).on('mouseout', function () {
+               context.surface().selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+               context.validator().focusIssue(d);
+             });
+             buttons.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));
+             buttons.append('strong').attr('class', 'issue-message');
+             buttons.filter(function (d) {
+               return d.tooltip;
+             }).call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
+               return d.tooltip;
+             }).placement('top'));
+             items = itemsEnter.merge(items);
+             items.selectAll('.issue-message').html(function (d) {
+               return d.message(context);
+             });
+           }
          }
 
-         fieldHelp.body = function (selection) {
-           // This control expects the field to have a form-field-input-wrap div
-           _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap');
-           if (_wrap.empty()) return; // absolute position relative to the inspector, so it "floats" above the fields
-
-           _inspector = context.container().select('.sidebar .entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
-           if (_inspector.empty()) return;
-           _body = _inspector.selectAll('.field-help-body').data([0]);
+         return commitWarnings;
+       }
 
-           var enter = _body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-body hide'); // initially hidden
+       var readOnlyTags = [/^changesets_count$/, /^created_by$/, /^ideditor:/, /^imagery_used$/, /^host$/, /^locale$/, /^warnings:/, /^resolved:/, /^closed:note$/, /^closed:keepright$/, /^closed:improveosm:/, /^closed:osmose:/]; // treat most punctuation (except -, _, +, &) as hashtag delimiters - #4398
+       // from https://stackoverflow.com/a/25575009
 
+       var hashtagRegex = /(#[^\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\s\\'!"#$%()*,.\/:;<=>?@\[\]^`{|}~]+)/g;
+       function uiCommit(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('cancel');
 
-           var titleEnter = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-title cf');
-           titleEnter.append('h2').attr('class', _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'fr' : 'fl').html(_t.html('help.field.' + fieldName + '.title'));
-           titleEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'fr close').on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             hide();
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           var navEnter = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-nav cf');
-           var titles = docs.map(function (d) {
-             return d.title;
-           });
-           navEnter.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item').data(titles).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-nav-item').html(function (d) {
-             return d;
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             clickHelp(titles.indexOf(d));
-           });
-           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-content');
-           _body = _body.merge(enter);
-           clickHelp(0);
-         };
+         var _userDetails;
 
-         return fieldHelp;
-       }
+         var _selection;
 
-       function uiFieldCheck(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var options = field.strings && field.strings.options;
-         var values = [];
-         var texts = [];
+         var changesetEditor = uiChangesetEditor(context).on('change', changeTags);
+         var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('changeset-tag-editor', context).on('change', changeTags).readOnlyTags(readOnlyTags);
+         var commitChanges = uiSectionChanges(context);
+         var commitWarnings = uiCommitWarnings(context);
 
-         var _tags;
+         function commit(selection) {
+           _selection = selection; // Initialize changeset if one does not exist yet.
 
-         var input = select(null);
-         var text = select(null);
-         var label = select(null);
-         var reverser = select(null);
+           if (!context.changeset) initChangeset();
+           loadDerivedChangesetTags();
+           selection.call(render);
+         }
 
-         var _impliedYes;
+         function initChangeset() {
+           // expire stored comment, hashtags, source after cutoff datetime - #3947 #4899
+           var commentDate = +corePreferences('commentDate') || 0;
+           var currDate = Date.now();
+           var cutoff = 2 * 86400 * 1000; // 2 days
 
-         var _entityIDs = [];
+           if (commentDate > currDate || currDate - commentDate > cutoff) {
+             corePreferences('comment', null);
+             corePreferences('hashtags', null);
+             corePreferences('source', null);
+           } // load in explicitly-set values, if any
 
-         var _value;
 
-         if (options) {
-           for (var k in options) {
-             values.push(k === 'undefined' ? undefined : k);
-             texts.push(field.t.html('options.' + k, {
-               'default': options[k]
-             }));
+           if (context.defaultChangesetComment()) {
+             corePreferences('comment', context.defaultChangesetComment());
+             corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
            }
-         } else {
-           values = [undefined, 'yes'];
-           texts = [_t.html('inspector.unknown'), _t.html('inspector.check.yes')];
 
-           if (field.type !== 'defaultCheck') {
-             values.push('no');
-             texts.push(_t.html('inspector.check.no'));
+           if (context.defaultChangesetSource()) {
+             corePreferences('source', context.defaultChangesetSource());
+             corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
            }
-         } // Checks tags to see whether an undefined value is "Assumed to be Yes"
-
-
-         function checkImpliedYes() {
-           _impliedYes = field.id === 'oneway_yes'; // hack: pretend `oneway` field is a `oneway_yes` field
-           // where implied oneway tag exists (e.g. `junction=roundabout`) #2220, #1841
-
-           if (field.id === 'oneway') {
-             var entity = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]);
 
-             for (var key in entity.tags) {
-               if (key in osmOneWayTags && entity.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key]) {
-                 _impliedYes = true;
-                 texts[0] = _t.html('presets.fields.oneway_yes.options.undefined');
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
+           if (context.defaultChangesetHashtags()) {
+             corePreferences('hashtags', context.defaultChangesetHashtags());
+             corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
            }
-         }
-
-         function reverserHidden() {
-           if (!context.container().select('div.inspector-hover').empty()) return true;
-           return !(_value === 'yes' || _impliedYes && !_value);
-         }
 
-         function reverserSetText(selection) {
-           var entity = _entityIDs.length && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-           if (reverserHidden() || !entity) return selection;
-           var first = entity.first();
-           var last = entity.isClosed() ? entity.nodes[entity.nodes.length - 2] : entity.last();
-           var pseudoDirection = first < last;
-           var icon = pseudoDirection ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward';
-           selection.selectAll('.reverser-span').html(_t.html('inspector.check.reverser')).call(svgIcon(icon, 'inline'));
-           return selection;
-         }
+           var detected = utilDetect();
+           var tags = {
+             comment: corePreferences('comment') || '',
+             created_by: context.cleanTagValue('iD ' + context.version),
+             host: context.cleanTagValue(detected.host),
+             locale: context.cleanTagValue(_mainLocalizer.localeCode())
+           }; // call findHashtags initially - this will remove stored
+           // hashtags if any hashtags are found in the comment - #4304
 
-         var check = function check(selection) {
-           checkImpliedYes();
-           label = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           var enter = label.enter().append('label').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-check');
-           enter.append('input').property('indeterminate', field.type !== 'defaultCheck').attr('type', 'checkbox').attr('id', field.domId);
-           enter.append('span').html(texts[0]).attr('class', 'value');
+           findHashtags(tags, true);
+           var hashtags = corePreferences('hashtags');
 
-           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
-             enter.append('button').attr('class', 'reverser' + (reverserHidden() ? ' hide' : '')).append('span').attr('class', 'reverser-span');
+           if (hashtags) {
+             tags.hashtags = hashtags;
            }
 
-           label = label.merge(enter);
-           input = label.selectAll('input');
-           text = label.selectAll('span.value');
-           input.on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             var t = {};
-
-             if (Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
-               if (values.indexOf('yes') !== -1) {
-                 t[field.key] = 'yes';
-               } else {
-                 t[field.key] = values[0];
-               }
-             } else {
-               t[field.key] = values[(values.indexOf(_value) + 1) % values.length];
-             } // Don't cycle through `alternating` or `reversible` states - #4970
-             // (They are supported as translated strings, but should not toggle with clicks)
+           var source = corePreferences('source');
 
+           if (source) {
+             tags.source = source;
+           }
 
-             if (t[field.key] === 'reversible' || t[field.key] === 'alternating') {
-               t[field.key] = values[0];
-             }
+           var photoOverlaysUsed = context.history().photoOverlaysUsed();
 
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-           });
+           if (photoOverlaysUsed.length) {
+             var sources = (tags.source || '').split(';'); // include this tag for any photo layer
 
-           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
-             reverser = label.selectAll('.reverser');
-             reverser.call(reverserSetText).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-               context.perform(function (graph) {
-                 for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-                   graph = actionReverse(_entityIDs[i])(graph);
-                 }
+             if (sources.indexOf('streetlevel imagery') === -1) {
+               sources.push('streetlevel imagery');
+             } // add the photo overlays used during editing as sources
 
-                 return graph;
-               }, _t('operations.reverse.annotation.line', {
-                 n: 1
-               })); // must manually revalidate since no 'change' event was called
 
-               context.validator().validate();
-               select(this).call(reverserSetText);
+             photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function (photoOverlay) {
+               if (sources.indexOf(photoOverlay) === -1) {
+                 sources.push(photoOverlay);
+               }
              });
+             tags.source = context.cleanTagValue(sources.join(';'));
            }
-         };
 
-         check.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return check;
-         };
+           context.changeset = new osmChangeset({
+             tags: tags
+           });
+         } // Calculates read-only metadata tags based on the user's editing session and applies
+         // them to the changeset.
 
-         check.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags;
 
-           function isChecked(val) {
-             return val !== 'no' && val !== '' && val !== undefined && val !== null;
-           }
+         function loadDerivedChangesetTags() {
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags); // shallow copy
+           // assign tags for imagery used
 
-           function textFor(val) {
-             if (val === '') val = undefined;
-             var index = values.indexOf(val);
-             return index !== -1 ? texts[index] : '"' + val + '"';
-           }
+           var imageryUsed = context.cleanTagValue(context.history().imageryUsed().join(';'));
+           tags.imagery_used = imageryUsed || 'None'; // assign tags for closed issues and notes
 
-           checkImpliedYes();
-           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
-           _value = !isMixed && tags[field.key] && tags[field.key].toLowerCase();
+           var osmClosed = osm.getClosedIDs();
+           var itemType;
 
-           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck' && (_value === '1' || _value === '-1')) {
-             _value = 'yes';
+           if (osmClosed.length) {
+             tags['closed:note'] = context.cleanTagValue(osmClosed.join(';'));
            }
 
-           input.property('indeterminate', isMixed || field.type !== 'defaultCheck' && !_value).property('checked', isChecked(_value));
-           text.html(isMixed ? _t.html('inspector.multiple_values') : textFor(_value)).classed('mixed', isMixed);
-           label.classed('set', !!_value);
+           if (services.keepRight) {
+             var krClosed = services.keepRight.getClosedIDs();
 
-           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
-             reverser.classed('hide', reverserHidden()).call(reverserSetText);
+             if (krClosed.length) {
+               tags['closed:keepright'] = context.cleanTagValue(krClosed.join(';'));
+             }
            }
-         };
 
-         check.focus = function () {
-           input.node().focus();
-         };
+           if (services.improveOSM) {
+             var iOsmClosed = services.improveOSM.getClosedCounts();
 
-         return utilRebind(check, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             for (itemType in iOsmClosed) {
+               tags['closed:improveosm:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(iOsmClosed[itemType].toString());
+             }
+           }
 
-       function uiFieldCombo(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
+           if (services.osmose) {
+             var osmoseClosed = services.osmose.getClosedCounts();
 
-         var _isMulti = field.type === 'multiCombo' || field.type === 'manyCombo';
+             for (itemType in osmoseClosed) {
+               tags['closed:osmose:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(osmoseClosed[itemType].toString());
+             }
+           } // remove existing issue counts
 
-         var _isNetwork = field.type === 'networkCombo';
 
-         var _isSemi = field.type === 'semiCombo';
+           for (var key in tags) {
+             if (key.match(/(^warnings:)|(^resolved:)/)) {
+               delete tags[key];
+             }
+           }
 
-         var _optstrings = field.strings && field.strings.options;
+           function addIssueCounts(issues, prefix) {
+             var issuesByType = utilArrayGroupBy(issues, 'type');
 
-         var _optarray = field.options;
+             for (var issueType in issuesByType) {
+               var issuesOfType = issuesByType[issueType];
 
-         var _snake_case = field.snake_case || field.snake_case === undefined;
+               if (issuesOfType[0].subtype) {
+                 var issuesBySubtype = utilArrayGroupBy(issuesOfType, 'subtype');
 
-         var _combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid).caseSensitive(field.caseSensitive).minItems(_isMulti || _isSemi ? 1 : 2);
+                 for (var issueSubtype in issuesBySubtype) {
+                   var issuesOfSubtype = issuesBySubtype[issueSubtype];
+                   tags[prefix + ':' + issueType + ':' + issueSubtype] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfSubtype.length.toString());
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 tags[prefix + ':' + issueType] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfType.length.toString());
+               }
+             }
+           } // add counts of warnings generated by the user's edits
 
-         var _container = select(null);
 
-         var _inputWrap = select(null);
+           var warnings = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity({
+             what: 'edited',
+             where: 'all',
+             includeIgnored: true,
+             includeDisabledRules: true
+           }).warning.filter(function (issue) {
+             return issue.type !== 'help_request';
+           }); // exclude 'fixme' and similar - #8603
 
-         var _input = select(null);
+           addIssueCounts(warnings, 'warnings'); // add counts of issues resolved by the user's edits
 
-         var _comboData = [];
-         var _multiData = [];
-         var _entityIDs = [];
+           var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
+           addIssueCounts(resolvedIssues, 'resolved');
+           context.changeset = context.changeset.update({
+             tags: tags
+           });
+         }
 
-         var _tags;
+         function render(selection) {
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
+           var headerTitle = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerTitle.append('div').append('h3').html(_t.html('commit.title'));
+           headerTitle.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.call('cancel', this);
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body); // Changeset Section
 
-         var _countryCode;
+           var changesetSection = body.selectAll('.changeset-editor').data([0]);
+           changesetSection = changesetSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section changeset-editor').merge(changesetSection);
+           changesetSection.call(changesetEditor.changesetID(context.changeset.id).tags(context.changeset.tags)); // Warnings
 
-         var _staticPlaceholder; // initialize deprecated tags array
+           body.call(commitWarnings); // Upload Explanation
 
+           var saveSection = body.selectAll('.save-section').data([0]);
+           saveSection = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section save-section fillL').merge(saveSection);
+           var prose = saveSection.selectAll('.commit-info').data([0]);
 
-         var _dataDeprecated = [];
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated').then(function (d) {
-           _dataDeprecated = d;
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         }); // ensure multiCombo field.key ends with a ':'
+           if (prose.enter().size()) {
+             // first time, make sure to update user details in prose
+             _userDetails = null;
+           }
 
-         if (_isMulti && field.key && /[^:]$/.test(field.key)) {
-           field.key += ':';
-         }
+           prose = prose.enter().append('p').attr('class', 'commit-info').html(_t.html('commit.upload_explanation')).merge(prose); // always check if this has changed, but only update prose.html()
+           // if needed, because it can trigger a style recalculation
 
-         function snake(s) {
-           return s.replace(/\s+/g, '_');
-         }
+           osm.userDetails(function (err, user) {
+             if (err) return;
+             if (_userDetails === user) return; // no change
 
-         function unsnake(s) {
-           return s.replace(/_+/g, ' ');
-         }
+             _userDetails = user;
+             var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));
 
-         function clean(s) {
-           return s.split(';').map(function (s) {
-             return s.trim();
-           }).join(';');
-         } // returns the tag value for a display value
-         // (for multiCombo, dval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
+             if (user.image_url) {
+               userLink.append('img').attr('src', user.image_url).attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
+             }
 
+             userLink.append('a').attr('class', 'user-info').html(user.display_name).attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name)).attr('target', '_blank');
+             prose.html(_t.html('commit.upload_explanation_with_user', {
+               user: userLink.html()
+             }));
+           }); // Request Review
 
-         function tagValue(dval) {
-           dval = clean(dval || '');
+           var requestReview = saveSection.selectAll('.request-review').data([0]); // Enter
 
-           if (_optstrings) {
-             var found = _comboData.find(function (o) {
-               return o.key && clean(o.value) === dval;
-             });
+           var requestReviewEnter = requestReview.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'request-review');
+           var requestReviewDomId = utilUniqueDomId('commit-input-request-review');
+           var labelEnter = requestReviewEnter.append('label').attr('for', requestReviewDomId);
 
-             if (found) {
-               return found.key;
-             }
+           if (!labelEnter.empty()) {
+             labelEnter.call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('commit.request_review_info')).placement('top'));
            }
 
-           if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && !dval) {
-             return 'yes';
-           }
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').attr('id', requestReviewDomId);
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('commit.request_review')); // Update
 
-           return (_snake_case ? snake(dval) : dval) || undefined;
-         } // returns the display value for a tag value
-         // (for multiCombo, tval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
+           requestReview = requestReview.merge(requestReviewEnter);
+           var requestReviewInput = requestReview.selectAll('input').property('checked', isReviewRequested(context.changeset.tags)).on('change', toggleRequestReview); // Buttons
 
+           var buttonSection = saveSection.selectAll('.buttons').data([0]); // enter
 
-         function displayValue(tval) {
-           tval = tval || '';
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons fillL');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'secondary-action button cancel-button').append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(_t.html('commit.cancel'));
+           var uploadButton = buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'action button save-button');
+           uploadButton.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(_t.html('commit.save'));
+           var uploadBlockerTooltipText = getUploadBlockerMessage(); // update
 
-           if (_optstrings) {
-             var found = _comboData.find(function (o) {
-               return o.key === tval && o.value;
-             });
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.selectAll('.cancel-button').on('click.cancel', function () {
+             dispatch.call('cancel', this);
+           });
+           buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button').classed('disabled', uploadBlockerTooltipText !== null).on('click.save', function () {
+             if (!select(this).classed('disabled')) {
+               this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+
+               for (var key in context.changeset.tags) {
+                 // remove any empty keys before upload
+                 if (!key) delete context.changeset.tags[key];
+               }
 
-             if (found) {
-               return found.value;
+               context.uploader().save(context.changeset);
              }
-           }
+           }); // remove any existing tooltip
 
-           if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && tval.toLowerCase() === 'yes') {
-             return '';
-           }
+           uiTooltip().destroyAny(buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button'));
 
-           return _snake_case ? unsnake(tval) : tval;
-         } // Compute the difference between arrays of objects by `value` property
-         //
-         // objectDifference([{value:1}, {value:2}, {value:3}], [{value:2}])
-         // > [{value:1}, {value:3}]
-         //
+           if (uploadBlockerTooltipText) {
+             buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button').call(uiTooltip().title(uploadBlockerTooltipText).placement('top'));
+           } // Raw Tag Editor
 
 
-         function objectDifference(a, b) {
-           return a.filter(function (d1) {
-             return !b.some(function (d2) {
-               return !d2.isMixed && d1.value === d2.value;
-             });
-           });
-         }
+           var tagSection = body.selectAll('.tag-section.raw-tag-editor').data([0]);
+           tagSection = tagSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section tag-section raw-tag-editor').merge(tagSection);
+           tagSection.call(rawTagEditor.tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags)) // shallow copy
+           .render);
+           var changesSection = body.selectAll('.commit-changes-section').data([0]);
+           changesSection = changesSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section commit-changes-section').merge(changesSection); // Change summary
 
-         function initCombo(selection, attachTo) {
-           if (_optstrings) {
-             selection.attr('readonly', 'readonly');
-             selection.call(_combobox, attachTo);
-             setStaticValues(setPlaceholder);
-           } else if (_optarray) {
-             selection.call(_combobox, attachTo);
-             setStaticValues(setPlaceholder);
-           } else if (services.taginfo) {
-             selection.call(_combobox.fetcher(setTaginfoValues), attachTo);
-             setTaginfoValues('', setPlaceholder);
+           changesSection.call(commitChanges.render);
+
+           function toggleRequestReview() {
+             var rr = requestReviewInput.property('checked');
+             updateChangeset({
+               review_requested: rr ? 'yes' : undefined
+             });
+             tagSection.call(rawTagEditor.tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags)) // shallow copy
+             .render);
            }
          }
 
-         function setStaticValues(callback) {
-           if (!(_optstrings || _optarray)) return;
+         function getUploadBlockerMessage() {
+           var errors = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity({
+             what: 'edited',
+             where: 'all'
+           }).error;
 
-           if (_optstrings) {
-             _comboData = Object.keys(_optstrings).map(function (k) {
-               var v = field.t('options.' + k, {
-                 'default': _optstrings[k]
-               });
-               return {
-                 key: k,
-                 value: v,
-                 title: v,
-                 display: field.t.html('options.' + k, {
-                   'default': _optstrings[k]
-                 })
-               };
-             });
-           } else if (_optarray) {
-             _comboData = _optarray.map(function (k) {
-               var v = _snake_case ? unsnake(k) : k;
-               return {
-                 key: k,
-                 value: v,
-                 title: v
-               };
+           if (errors.length) {
+             return _t('commit.outstanding_errors_message', {
+               count: errors.length
              });
-           }
+           } else {
+             var hasChangesetComment = context.changeset && context.changeset.tags.comment && context.changeset.tags.comment.trim().length;
 
-           _combobox.data(objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData));
+             if (!hasChangesetComment) {
+               return _t('commit.comment_needed_message');
+             }
+           }
 
-           if (callback) callback(_comboData);
+           return null;
          }
 
-         function setTaginfoValues(q, callback) {
-           var fn = _isMulti ? 'multikeys' : 'values';
-           var query = (_isMulti ? field.key : '') + q;
-           var hasCountryPrefix = _isNetwork && _countryCode && _countryCode.indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === 0;
+         function changeTags(_, changed, onInput) {
+           if (changed.hasOwnProperty('comment')) {
+             if (changed.comment === undefined) {
+               changed.comment = '';
+             }
 
-           if (hasCountryPrefix) {
-             query = _countryCode + ':';
+             if (!onInput) {
+               corePreferences('comment', changed.comment);
+               corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
+             }
            }
 
-           var params = {
-             debounce: q !== '',
-             key: field.key,
-             query: query
-           };
+           if (changed.hasOwnProperty('source')) {
+             if (changed.source === undefined) {
+               corePreferences('source', null);
+             } else if (!onInput) {
+               corePreferences('source', changed.source);
+               corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
+             }
+           } // no need to update `prefs` for `hashtags` here since it's done in `updateChangeset`
 
-           if (_entityIDs.length) {
-             params.geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);
+
+           updateChangeset(changed, onInput);
+
+           if (_selection) {
+             _selection.call(render);
            }
+         }
 
-           services.taginfo[fn](params, function (err, data) {
-             if (err) return;
-             data = data.filter(function (d) {
-               if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && d.value === 'yes') {
-                 // don't show the fallback value
-                 return false;
-               } // don't show values with very low usage
+         function findHashtags(tags, commentOnly) {
+           var detectedHashtags = commentHashtags();
 
+           if (detectedHashtags.length) {
+             // always remove stored hashtags if there are hashtags in the comment - #4304
+             corePreferences('hashtags', null);
+           }
 
-               return !d.count || d.count > 10;
-             });
-             var deprecatedValues = osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey(_dataDeprecated)[field.key];
+           if (!detectedHashtags.length || !commentOnly) {
+             detectedHashtags = detectedHashtags.concat(hashtagHashtags());
+           }
 
-             if (deprecatedValues) {
-               // don't suggest deprecated tag values
-               data = data.filter(function (d) {
-                 return deprecatedValues.indexOf(d.value) === -1;
-               });
-             }
+           var allLowerCase = new Set();
+           return detectedHashtags.filter(function (hashtag) {
+             // Compare tags as lowercase strings, but keep original case tags
+             var lowerCase = hashtag.toLowerCase();
 
-             if (hasCountryPrefix) {
-               data = data.filter(function (d) {
-                 return d.value.toLowerCase().indexOf(_countryCode + ':') === 0;
-               });
-             } // hide the caret if there are no suggestions
+             if (!allLowerCase.has(lowerCase)) {
+               allLowerCase.add(lowerCase);
+               return true;
+             }
 
+             return false;
+           }); // Extract hashtags from `comment`
 
-             _container.classed('empty-combobox', data.length === 0);
+           function commentHashtags() {
+             var matches = (tags.comment || '').replace(/http\S*/g, '') // drop anything that looks like a URL - #4289
+             .match(hashtagRegex);
+             return matches || [];
+           } // Extract and clean hashtags from `hashtags`
 
-             _comboData = data.map(function (d) {
-               var k = d.value;
-               if (_isMulti) k = k.replace(field.key, '');
-               var v = _snake_case ? unsnake(k) : k;
-               return {
-                 key: k,
-                 value: v,
-                 title: _isMulti ? v : d.title
-               };
-             });
-             _comboData = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
-             if (callback) callback(_comboData);
-           });
-         }
 
-         function setPlaceholder(values) {
-           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
-             _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.add');
-           } else {
-             var vals = values.map(function (d) {
-               return d.value;
-             }).filter(function (s) {
-               return s.length < 20;
-             });
-             var placeholders = vals.length > 1 ? vals : values.map(function (d) {
-               return d.key;
-             });
-             _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || placeholders.slice(0, 3).join(', ');
-           }
+           function hashtagHashtags() {
+             var matches = (tags.hashtags || '').split(/[,;\s]+/).map(function (s) {
+               if (s[0] !== '#') {
+                 s = '#' + s;
+               } // prepend '#'
 
-           if (!/(…|\.\.\.)$/.test(_staticPlaceholder)) {
-             _staticPlaceholder += '…';
-           }
 
-           var ph;
+               var matched = s.match(hashtagRegex);
+               return matched && matched[0];
+             }).filter(Boolean); // exclude falsy
 
-           if (!_isMulti && !_isSemi && _tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
-             ph = _t('inspector.multiple_values');
-           } else {
-             ph = _staticPlaceholder;
+             return matches || [];
            }
-
-           _container.selectAll('input').attr('placeholder', ph);
          }
 
-         function change() {
-           var t = {};
-           var val;
+         function isReviewRequested(tags) {
+           var rr = tags.review_requested;
+           if (rr === undefined) return false;
+           rr = rr.trim().toLowerCase();
+           return !(rr === '' || rr === 'no');
+         }
 
-           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
-             val = tagValue(utilGetSetValue(_input).replace(/,/g, ';')) || '';
+         function updateChangeset(changed, onInput) {
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags); // shallow copy
 
-             _container.classed('active', false);
+           Object.keys(changed).forEach(function (k) {
+             var v = changed[k];
+             k = context.cleanTagKey(k);
+             if (readOnlyTags.indexOf(k) !== -1) return;
 
-             utilGetSetValue(_input, '');
-             var vals = val.split(';').filter(Boolean);
-             if (!vals.length) return;
+             if (v === undefined) {
+               delete tags[k];
+             } else if (onInput) {
+               tags[k] = v;
+             } else {
+               tags[k] = context.cleanTagValue(v);
+             }
+           });
 
-             if (_isMulti) {
-               utilArrayUniq(vals).forEach(function (v) {
-                 var key = (field.key || '') + v;
+           if (!onInput) {
+             // when changing the comment, override hashtags with any found in comment.
+             var commentOnly = changed.hasOwnProperty('comment') && changed.comment !== '';
+             var arr = findHashtags(tags, commentOnly);
 
-                 if (_tags) {
-                   // don't set a multicombo value to 'yes' if it already has a non-'no' value
-                   // e.g. `language:de=main`
-                   var old = _tags[key];
-                   if (typeof old === 'string' && old.toLowerCase() !== 'no') return;
-                 }
+             if (arr.length) {
+               tags.hashtags = context.cleanTagValue(arr.join(';'));
+               corePreferences('hashtags', tags.hashtags);
+             } else {
+               delete tags.hashtags;
+               corePreferences('hashtags', null);
+             }
+           } // always update userdetails, just in case user reauthenticates as someone else
 
-                 key = context.cleanTagKey(key);
-                 field.keys.push(key);
-                 t[key] = 'yes';
-               });
-             } else if (_isSemi) {
-               var arr = _multiData.map(function (d) {
-                 return d.key;
-               });
 
-               arr = arr.concat(vals);
-               t[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(utilArrayUniq(arr).filter(Boolean).join(';'));
-             }
+           if (_userDetails && _userDetails.changesets_count !== undefined) {
+             var changesetsCount = parseInt(_userDetails.changesets_count, 10) + 1; // #4283
 
-             window.setTimeout(function () {
-               _input.node().focus();
-             }, 10);
-           } else {
-             var rawValue = utilGetSetValue(_input); // don't override multiple values with blank string
+             tags.changesets_count = String(changesetsCount); // first 100 edits - new user
 
-             if (!rawValue && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
-             val = context.cleanTagValue(tagValue(rawValue));
-             t[field.key] = val || undefined;
-           }
+             if (changesetsCount <= 100) {
+               var s;
+               s = corePreferences('walkthrough_completed');
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-         }
+               if (s) {
+                 tags['ideditor:walkthrough_completed'] = s;
+               }
 
-         function removeMultikey(d3_event, d) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           var t = {};
+               s = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress');
 
-           if (_isMulti) {
-             t[d.key] = undefined;
-           } else if (_isSemi) {
-             var arr = _multiData.map(function (md) {
-               return md.key === d.key ? null : md.key;
-             }).filter(Boolean);
+               if (s) {
+                 tags['ideditor:walkthrough_progress'] = s;
+               }
 
-             arr = utilArrayUniq(arr);
-             t[field.key] = arr.length ? arr.join(';') : undefined;
+               s = corePreferences('walkthrough_started');
+
+               if (s) {
+                 tags['ideditor:walkthrough_started'] = s;
+               }
+             }
+           } else {
+             delete tags.changesets_count;
            }
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
+           if (!fastDeepEqual(context.changeset.tags, tags)) {
+             context.changeset = context.changeset.update({
+               tags: tags
+             });
+           }
          }
 
-         function combo(selection) {
-           _container = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           var type = _isMulti || _isSemi ? 'multicombo' : 'combo';
-           _container = _container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + type).merge(_container);
+         commit.reset = function () {
+           context.changeset = null;
+         };
 
-           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
-             _container = _container.selectAll('.chiplist').data([0]);
-             var listClass = 'chiplist'; // Use a separate line for each value in the Destinations field
-             // to mimic highway exit signs
+         return utilRebind(commit, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-             if (field.key === 'destination') {
-               listClass += ' full-line-chips';
-             }
+       // for punction see https://stackoverflow.com/a/21224179
 
-             _container = _container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', listClass).on('click', function () {
-               window.setTimeout(function () {
-                 _input.node().focus();
-               }, 10);
-             }).merge(_container);
-             _inputWrap = _container.selectAll('.input-wrap').data([0]);
-             _inputWrap = _inputWrap.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'input-wrap').merge(_inputWrap);
-             _input = _inputWrap.selectAll('input').data([0]);
-           } else {
-             _input = _container.selectAll('input').data([0]);
-           }
+       function simplify(str) {
+         if (typeof str !== 'string') return '';
+         return diacritics.remove(str.replace(/&/g, 'and').replace(/İ/ig, 'i').replace(/[\s\-=_!"#%'*{},.\/:;?\(\)\[\]@\\$\^*+<>«»~`’\u00a1\u00a7\u00b6\u00b7\u00bf\u037e\u0387\u055a-\u055f\u0589\u05c0\u05c3\u05c6\u05f3\u05f4\u0609\u060a\u060c\u060d\u061b\u061e\u061f\u066a-\u066d\u06d4\u0700-\u070d\u07f7-\u07f9\u0830-\u083e\u085e\u0964\u0965\u0970\u0af0\u0df4\u0e4f\u0e5a\u0e5b\u0f04-\u0f12\u0f14\u0f85\u0fd0-\u0fd4\u0fd9\u0fda\u104a-\u104f\u10fb\u1360-\u1368\u166d\u166e\u16eb-\u16ed\u1735\u1736\u17d4-\u17d6\u17d8-\u17da\u1800-\u1805\u1807-\u180a\u1944\u1945\u1a1e\u1a1f\u1aa0-\u1aa6\u1aa8-\u1aad\u1b5a-\u1b60\u1bfc-\u1bff\u1c3b-\u1c3f\u1c7e\u1c7f\u1cc0-\u1cc7\u1cd3\u200b-\u200f\u2016\u2017\u2020-\u2027\u2030-\u2038\u203b-\u203e\u2041-\u2043\u2047-\u2051\u2053\u2055-\u205e\u2cf9-\u2cfc\u2cfe\u2cff\u2d70\u2e00\u2e01\u2e06-\u2e08\u2e0b\u2e0e-\u2e16\u2e18\u2e19\u2e1b\u2e1e\u2e1f\u2e2a-\u2e2e\u2e30-\u2e39\u3001-\u3003\u303d\u30fb\ua4fe\ua4ff\ua60d-\ua60f\ua673\ua67e\ua6f2-\ua6f7\ua874-\ua877\ua8ce\ua8cf\ua8f8-\ua8fa\ua92e\ua92f\ua95f\ua9c1-\ua9cd\ua9de\ua9df\uaa5c-\uaa5f\uaade\uaadf\uaaf0\uaaf1\uabeb\ufe10-\ufe16\ufe19\ufe30\ufe45\ufe46\ufe49-\ufe4c\ufe50-\ufe52\ufe54-\ufe57\ufe5f-\ufe61\ufe68\ufe6a\ufe6b\ufeff\uff01-\uff03\uff05-\uff07\uff0a\uff0c\uff0e\uff0f\uff1a\uff1b\uff1f\uff20\uff3c\uff61\uff64\uff65]+/g, '').toLowerCase());
+       }
 
-           _input = _input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).call(initCombo, selection).merge(_input);
+       // `resolveStrings`
+       // Resolves the text strings for a given community index item
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `item`:  Object containing the community index item
+       //   `defaults`: Object containing the community index default strings
+       //   `localizerFn?`: optional function we will call to do the localization.
+       //      This function should be like the iD `t()` function that
+       //      accepts a `stringID` and returns a localized string
+       //
+       // Returns
+       //   An Object containing all the resolved strings:
+       //   {
+       //     name:                     'talk-ru Mailing List',
+       //     url:                      'https://lists.openstreetmap.org/listinfo/talk-ru',
+       //     signupUrl:                'https://example.url/signup',
+       //     description:              'A one line description',
+       //     extendedDescription:      'Extended description',
+       //     nameHTML:                 '<a href="the url">the name</a>',
+       //     urlHTML:                  '<a href="the url">the url</a>',
+       //     signupUrlHTML:            '<a href="the signupUrl">the signupUrl</a>',
+       //     descriptionHTML:          the description, with urls and signupUrls linkified,
+       //     extendedDescriptionHTML:  the extendedDescription with urls and signupUrls linkified
+       //   }
+       //
 
-           if (_isNetwork) {
-             var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-             var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
-             _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
-           }
+       function resolveStrings(item, defaults, localizerFn) {
+         var itemStrings = Object.assign({}, item.strings); // shallow clone
 
-           _input.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+         var defaultStrings = Object.assign({}, defaults[item.type]); // shallow clone
 
-           _input.on('keydown.field', function (d3_event) {
-             switch (d3_event.keyCode) {
-               case 13:
-                 // ↩ Return
-                 _input.node().blur(); // blurring also enters the value
+         var anyToken = new RegExp(/(\{\w+\})/, 'gi'); // Pre-localize the item and default strings
 
+         if (localizerFn) {
+           if (itemStrings.community) {
+             var communityID = simplify(itemStrings.community);
+             itemStrings.community = localizerFn("_communities.".concat(communityID));
+           }
 
-                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
-                 break;
-             }
+           ['name', 'description', 'extendedDescription'].forEach(function (prop) {
+             if (defaultStrings[prop]) defaultStrings[prop] = localizerFn("_defaults.".concat(item.type, ".").concat(prop));
+             if (itemStrings[prop]) itemStrings[prop] = localizerFn("".concat(item.id, ".").concat(prop));
            });
+         }
 
-           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
-             _combobox.on('accept', function () {
-               _input.node().blur();
+         var replacements = {
+           account: item.account,
+           community: itemStrings.community,
+           signupUrl: itemStrings.signupUrl,
+           url: itemStrings.url
+         }; // Resolve URLs first (which may refer to {account})
 
-               _input.node().focus();
-             });
+         if (!replacements.signupUrl) {
+           replacements.signupUrl = resolve(itemStrings.signupUrl || defaultStrings.signupUrl);
+         }
 
-             _input.on('focus', function () {
-               _container.classed('active', true);
-             });
-           }
+         if (!replacements.url) {
+           replacements.url = resolve(itemStrings.url || defaultStrings.url);
          }
 
-         combo.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags;
+         var resolved = {
+           name: resolve(itemStrings.name || defaultStrings.name),
+           url: resolve(itemStrings.url || defaultStrings.url),
+           signupUrl: resolve(itemStrings.signupUrl || defaultStrings.signupUrl),
+           description: resolve(itemStrings.description || defaultStrings.description),
+           extendedDescription: resolve(itemStrings.extendedDescription || defaultStrings.extendedDescription)
+         }; // Generate linkified strings
 
-           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
-             _multiData = [];
-             var maxLength;
+         resolved.nameHTML = linkify(resolved.url, resolved.name);
+         resolved.urlHTML = linkify(resolved.url);
+         resolved.signupUrlHTML = linkify(resolved.signupUrl);
+         resolved.descriptionHTML = resolve(itemStrings.description || defaultStrings.description, true);
+         resolved.extendedDescriptionHTML = resolve(itemStrings.extendedDescription || defaultStrings.extendedDescription, true);
+         return resolved;
 
-             if (_isMulti) {
-               // Build _multiData array containing keys already set..
-               for (var k in tags) {
-                 if (field.key && k.indexOf(field.key) !== 0 || field.keys.indexOf(k) === -1) continue;
-                 var v = tags[k];
-                 if (!v || typeof v === 'string' && v.toLowerCase() === 'no') continue;
-                 var suffix = field.key ? k.substring(field.key.length) : k;
+         function resolve(s, addLinks) {
+           if (!s) return undefined;
+           var result = s;
 
-                 _multiData.push({
-                   key: k,
-                   value: displayValue(suffix),
-                   isMixed: Array.isArray(v)
-                 });
-               }
+           for (var key in replacements) {
+             var token = "{".concat(key, "}");
+             var regex = new RegExp(token, 'g');
 
-               if (field.key) {
-                 // Set keys for form-field modified (needed for undo and reset buttons)..
-                 field.keys = _multiData.map(function (d) {
-                   return d.key;
-                 }); // limit the input length so it fits after prepending the key prefix
+             if (regex.test(result)) {
+               var replacement = replacements[key];
 
-                 maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagKey() - utilUnicodeCharsCount(field.key);
+               if (!replacement) {
+                 throw new Error("Cannot resolve token: ".concat(token));
                } else {
-                 maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagKey();
-               }
-             } else if (_isSemi) {
-               var allValues = [];
-               var commonValues;
-
-               if (Array.isArray(tags[field.key])) {
-                 tags[field.key].forEach(function (tagVal) {
-                   var thisVals = utilArrayUniq((tagVal || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
-                   allValues = allValues.concat(thisVals);
+                 if (addLinks && (key === 'signupUrl' || key === 'url')) {
+                   replacement = linkify(replacement);
+                 }
 
-                   if (!commonValues) {
-                     commonValues = thisVals;
-                   } else {
-                     commonValues = commonValues.filter(function (value) {
-                       return thisVals.includes(value);
-                     });
-                   }
-                 });
-                 allValues = utilArrayUniq(allValues).filter(Boolean);
-               } else {
-                 allValues = utilArrayUniq((tags[field.key] || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
-                 commonValues = allValues;
+                 result = result.replace(regex, replacement);
                }
+             }
+           } // There shouldn't be any leftover tokens in a resolved string
 
-               _multiData = allValues.map(function (v) {
-                 return {
-                   key: v,
-                   value: displayValue(v),
-                   isMixed: !commonValues.includes(v)
-                 };
-               });
-               var currLength = utilUnicodeCharsCount(commonValues.join(';')); // limit the input length to the remaining available characters
 
-               maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagValue() - currLength;
+           var leftovers = result.match(anyToken);
 
-               if (currLength > 0) {
-                 // account for the separator if a new value will be appended to existing
-                 maxLength -= 1;
-               }
-             } // a negative maxlength doesn't make sense
+           if (leftovers) {
+             throw new Error("Cannot resolve tokens: ".concat(leftovers));
+           } // Linkify subreddits like `/r/openstreetmap`
+           // https://github.com/osmlab/osm-community-index/issues/82
+           // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/4997
 
 
-             maxLength = Math.max(0, maxLength);
-             var allowDragAndDrop = _isSemi // only semiCombo values are ordered
-             && !Array.isArray(tags[field.key]); // Exclude existing multikeys from combo options..
+           if (addLinks && item.type === 'reddit') {
+             result = result.replace(/(\/r\/\w+\/*)/i, function (match) {
+               return linkify(resolved.url, match);
+             });
+           }
 
-             var available = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
+           return result;
+         }
 
-             _combobox.data(available); // Hide 'Add' button if this field uses fixed set of
-             // translateable _optstrings and they're all currently used,
-             // or if the field is already at its character limit
+         function linkify(url, text) {
+           if (!url) return undefined;
+           text = text || url;
+           return "<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"".concat(url, "\">").concat(text, "</a>");
+         }
+       }
 
+       var _oci = null;
+       function uiSuccess(context) {
+         var MAXEVENTS = 2;
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('cancel');
 
-             var hideAdd = _optstrings && !available.length || maxLength <= 0;
+         var _changeset;
 
-             _container.selectAll('.chiplist .input-wrap').style('display', hideAdd ? 'none' : null); // Render chips
+         var _location;
 
+         ensureOSMCommunityIndex(); // start fetching the data
 
-             var chips = _container.selectAll('.chip').data(_multiData);
+         function ensureOSMCommunityIndex() {
+           var data = _mainFileFetcher;
+           return Promise.all([data.get('oci_features'), data.get('oci_resources'), data.get('oci_defaults')]).then(function (vals) {
+             if (_oci) return _oci; // Merge Custom Features
 
-             chips.exit().remove();
-             var enter = chips.enter().insert('li', '.input-wrap').attr('class', 'chip');
-             enter.append('span');
-             enter.append('a');
-             chips = chips.merge(enter).order().classed('draggable', allowDragAndDrop).classed('mixed', function (d) {
-               return d.isMixed;
-             }).attr('title', function (d) {
-               return d.isMixed ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
-             });
+             if (vals[0] && Array.isArray(vals[0].features)) {
+               _mainLocations.mergeCustomGeoJSON(vals[0]);
+             }
 
-             if (allowDragAndDrop) {
-               registerDragAndDrop(chips);
+             var ociResources = Object.values(vals[1].resources);
+
+             if (ociResources.length) {
+               // Resolve all locationSet features.
+               return _mainLocations.mergeLocationSets(ociResources).then(function () {
+                 _oci = {
+                   resources: ociResources,
+                   defaults: vals[2].defaults
+                 };
+                 return _oci;
+               });
+             } else {
+               _oci = {
+                 resources: [],
+                 // no resources?
+                 defaults: vals[2].defaults
+               };
+               return _oci;
              }
+           });
+         } // string-to-date parsing in JavaScript is weird
 
-             chips.select('span').html(function (d) {
-               return d.value;
-             });
-             chips.select('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', removeMultikey).attr('class', 'remove').html('×');
-           } else {
-             var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
-             var mixedValues = isMixed && tags[field.key].map(function (val) {
-               return displayValue(val);
-             }).filter(Boolean);
-             utilGetSetValue(_input, !isMixed ? displayValue(tags[field.key]) : '').attr('title', isMixed ? mixedValues.join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _staticPlaceholder || '').classed('mixed', isMixed);
+
+         function parseEventDate(when) {
+           if (!when) return;
+           var raw = when.trim();
+           if (!raw) return;
+
+           if (!/Z$/.test(raw)) {
+             // if no trailing 'Z', add one
+             raw += 'Z'; // this forces date to be parsed as a UTC date
            }
-         };
 
-         function registerDragAndDrop(selection) {
-           // allow drag and drop re-ordering of chips
-           var dragOrigin, targetIndex;
-           selection.call(d3_drag().on('start', function (d3_event) {
-             dragOrigin = {
-               x: d3_event.x,
-               y: d3_event.y
-             };
-             targetIndex = null;
-           }).on('drag', function (d3_event) {
-             var x = d3_event.x - dragOrigin.x,
-                 y = d3_event.y - dragOrigin.y;
-             if (!select(this).classed('dragging') && // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
-             Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) return;
-             var index = selection.nodes().indexOf(this);
-             select(this).classed('dragging', true);
-             targetIndex = null;
-             var targetIndexOffsetTop = null;
-             var draggedTagWidth = select(this).node().offsetWidth;
+           var parsed = new Date(raw);
+           return new Date(parsed.toUTCString().substr(0, 25)); // convert to local timezone
+         }
 
-             if (field.key === 'destination') {
-               // meaning tags are full width
-               _container.selectAll('.chip').style('transform', function (d2, index2) {
-                 var node = select(this).node();
+         function success(selection) {
+           var header = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           header.append('h3').html(_t.html('success.just_edited'));
+           header.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
+             return dispatch.call('cancel');
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           var body = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'body save-success fillL');
+           var summary = body.append('div').attr('class', 'save-summary');
+           summary.append('h3').html(_t.html('success.thank_you' + (_location ? '_location' : ''), {
+             where: _location
+           }));
+           summary.append('p').html(_t.html('success.help_html')).append('a').attr('class', 'link-out').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', _t('success.help_link_url')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('success.help_link_text'));
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var changesetURL = osm.changesetURL(_changeset.id);
+           var table = summary.append('table').attr('class', 'summary-table');
+           var row = table.append('tr').attr('class', 'summary-row');
+           row.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-icon summary-icon').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', changesetURL).append('svg').attr('class', 'logo-small').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-osm');
+           var summaryDetail = row.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-detail');
+           summaryDetail.append('a').attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-view-on-osm').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', changesetURL).html(_t.html('success.view_on_osm'));
+           summaryDetail.append('div').html(_t.html('success.changeset_id', {
+             changeset_id: "<a href=\"".concat(changesetURL, "\" target=\"_blank\">").concat(_changeset.id, "</a>")
+           })); // Get OSM community index features intersecting the map..
 
-                 if (index === index2) {
-                   return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)'; // move the dragged tag up the order
-                 } else if (index2 > index && d3_event.y > node.offsetTop) {
-                   if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
-                     targetIndex = index2;
-                   }
+           ensureOSMCommunityIndex().then(function (oci) {
+             var loc = context.map().center();
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(loc); // Gather the communities
 
-                   return 'translateY(-100%)'; // move the dragged tag down the order
-                 } else if (index2 < index && d3_event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
-                   if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
-                     targetIndex = index2;
-                   }
+             var communities = [];
+             oci.resources.forEach(function (resource) {
+               var area = validLocations[resource.locationSetID];
+               if (!area) return; // Resolve strings
 
-                   return 'translateY(100%)';
-                 }
+               var localizer = function localizer(stringID) {
+                 return _t.html("community.".concat(stringID));
+               };
 
-                 return null;
+               resource.resolved = resolveStrings(resource, oci.defaults, localizer);
+               communities.push({
+                 area: area,
+                 order: resource.order || 0,
+                 resource: resource
                });
-             } else {
-               _container.selectAll('.chip').each(function (d2, index2) {
-                 var node = select(this).node(); // check the cursor is in the bounding box
+             }); // sort communities by feature area ascending, community order descending
 
-                 if (index !== index2 && d3_event.x < node.offsetLeft + node.offsetWidth + 5 && d3_event.x > node.offsetLeft && d3_event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight && d3_event.y > node.offsetTop) {
-                   targetIndex = index2;
-                   targetIndexOffsetTop = node.offsetTop;
-                 }
-               }).style('transform', function (d2, index2) {
-                 var node = select(this).node();
+             communities.sort(function (a, b) {
+               return a.area - b.area || b.order - a.order;
+             });
+             body.call(showCommunityLinks, communities.map(function (c) {
+               return c.resource;
+             }));
+           });
+         }
 
-                 if (index === index2) {
-                   return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
-                 } // only translate tags in the same row
+         function showCommunityLinks(selection, resources) {
+           var communityLinks = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'save-communityLinks');
+           communityLinks.append('h3').html(_t.html('success.like_osm'));
+           var table = communityLinks.append('table').attr('class', 'community-table');
+           var row = table.selectAll('.community-row').data(resources);
+           var rowEnter = row.enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'community-row');
+           rowEnter.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-icon community-icon').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function (d) {
+             return d.resolved.url;
+           }).append('svg').attr('class', 'logo-small').append('use').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             return "#community-".concat(d.type);
+           });
+           var communityDetail = rowEnter.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-detail community-detail');
+           communityDetail.each(showCommunityDetails);
+           communityLinks.append('div').attr('class', 'community-missing').html(_t.html('success.missing')).append('a').attr('class', 'link-out').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmlab/osm-community-index/issues').append('span').html(_t.html('success.tell_us'));
+         }
 
+         function showCommunityDetails(d) {
+           var selection = select(this);
+           var communityID = d.id;
+           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'community-name').html(d.resolved.nameHTML);
+           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'community-description').html(d.resolved.descriptionHTML); // Create an expanding section if any of these are present..
 
-                 if (node.offsetTop === targetIndexOffsetTop) {
-                   if (index2 < index && index2 >= targetIndex) {
-                     return 'translateX(' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
-                   } else if (index2 > index && index2 <= targetIndex) {
-                     return 'translateX(-' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
-                   }
-                 }
+           if (d.resolved.extendedDescriptionHTML || d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length) {
+             selection.append('div').call(uiDisclosure(context, "community-more-".concat(d.id), false).expanded(false).updatePreference(false).label(_t.html('success.more')).content(showMore));
+           }
 
-                 return null;
-               });
-             }
-           }).on('end', function () {
-             if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) {
-               return;
+           var nextEvents = (d.events || []).map(function (event) {
+             event.date = parseEventDate(event.when);
+             return event;
+           }).filter(function (event) {
+             // date is valid and future (or today)
+             var t = event.date.getTime();
+             var now = new Date().setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
+             return !isNaN(t) && t >= now;
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             // sort by date ascending
+             return a.date < b.date ? -1 : a.date > b.date ? 1 : 0;
+           }).slice(0, MAXEVENTS); // limit number of events shown
+
+           if (nextEvents.length) {
+             selection.append('div').call(uiDisclosure(context, "community-events-".concat(d.id), false).expanded(false).updatePreference(false).label(_t.html('success.events')).content(showNextEvents)).select('.hide-toggle').append('span').attr('class', 'badge-text').html(nextEvents.length);
+           }
+
+           function showMore(selection) {
+             var more = selection.selectAll('.community-more').data([0]);
+             var moreEnter = more.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'community-more');
+
+             if (d.resolved.extendedDescriptionHTML) {
+               moreEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-extended-description').html(d.resolved.extendedDescriptionHTML);
              }
 
-             var index = selection.nodes().indexOf(this);
-             select(this).classed('dragging', false);
+             if (d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length) {
+               var languageList = d.languageCodes.map(function (code) {
+                 return _mainLocalizer.languageName(code);
+               }).join(', ');
+               moreEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-languages').html(_t.html('success.languages', {
+                 languages: languageList
+               }));
+             }
+           }
 
-             _container.selectAll('.chip').style('transform', null);
+           function showNextEvents(selection) {
+             var events = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'community-events');
+             var item = events.selectAll('.community-event').data(nextEvents);
+             var itemEnter = item.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'community-event');
+             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-name').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function (d) {
+               return d.url;
+             }).html(function (d) {
+               var name = d.name;
 
-             if (typeof targetIndex === 'number') {
-               var element = _multiData[index];
+               if (d.i18n && d.id) {
+                 name = _t("community.".concat(communityID, ".events.").concat(d.id, ".name"), {
+                   "default": name
+                 });
+               }
 
-               _multiData.splice(index, 1);
+               return name;
+             });
+             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-when').html(function (d) {
+               var options = {
+                 weekday: 'short',
+                 day: 'numeric',
+                 month: 'short',
+                 year: 'numeric'
+               };
 
-               _multiData.splice(targetIndex, 0, element);
+               if (d.date.getHours() || d.date.getMinutes()) {
+                 // include time if it has one
+                 options.hour = 'numeric';
+                 options.minute = 'numeric';
+               }
 
-               var t = {};
+               return d.date.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+             });
+             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-where').html(function (d) {
+               var where = d.where;
 
-               if (_multiData.length) {
-                 t[field.key] = _multiData.map(function (element) {
-                   return element.key;
-                 }).join(';');
-               } else {
-                 t[field.key] = undefined;
+               if (d.i18n && d.id) {
+                 where = _t("community.".concat(communityID, ".events.").concat(d.id, ".where"), {
+                   "default": where
+                 });
                }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-             }
+               return where;
+             });
+             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-description').html(function (d) {
+               var description = d.description;
 
-             dragOrigin = undefined;
-             targetIndex = undefined;
-           }));
+               if (d.i18n && d.id) {
+                 description = _t("community.".concat(communityID, ".events.").concat(d.id, ".description"), {
+                   "default": description
+                 });
+               }
+
+               return description;
+             });
+           }
          }
 
-         combo.focus = function () {
-           _input.node().focus();
+         success.changeset = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _changeset;
+           _changeset = val;
+           return success;
          };
 
-         combo.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return combo;
+         success.location = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _location;
+           _location = val;
+           return success;
          };
 
-         function combinedEntityExtent() {
-           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
-         }
-
-         return utilRebind(combo, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(success, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiFieldText(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var input = select(null);
-         var outlinkButton = select(null);
-         var _entityIDs = [];
-
-         var _tags;
-
-         var _phoneFormats = {};
+       function modeSave(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'save'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('modeSave');
+         var commit = uiCommit(context).on('cancel', cancel);
 
-         if (field.type === 'tel') {
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('phone_formats').then(function (d) {
-             _phoneFormats = d;
-             updatePhonePlaceholder();
-           })["catch"](function () {
-             /* ignore */
-           });
-         }
+         var _conflictsUi; // uiConflicts
 
-         function i(selection) {
-           var entity = _entityIDs.length && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-           var preset = entity && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-           var isLocked = preset && preset.suggestion && field.id === 'brand';
-           field.locked(isLocked);
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
-           input = wrap.selectAll('input').data([0]);
-           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('type', field.type === 'identifier' ? 'text' : field.type).attr('id', field.domId).classed(field.type, true).call(utilNoAuto).merge(input);
-           input.classed('disabled', !!isLocked).attr('readonly', isLocked || null).on('input', change(true)).on('blur', change()).on('change', change());
 
-           if (field.type === 'tel') {
-             updatePhonePlaceholder();
-           } else if (field.type === 'number') {
-             var rtl = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
-             input.attr('type', 'text');
-             var inc = field.increment;
-             var buttons = wrap.selectAll('.increment, .decrement').data(rtl ? [inc, -inc] : [-inc, inc]);
-             buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
-               var which = d > 0 ? 'increment' : 'decrement';
-               return 'form-field-button ' + which;
-             }).merge(buttons).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               var raw_vals = input.node().value || '0';
-               var vals = raw_vals.split(';');
-               vals = vals.map(function (v) {
-                 var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
-                 return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num + d) : v.trim();
-               });
-               input.node().value = vals.join(';');
-               change()();
-             });
-           } else if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.urlFormat && field.pattern) {
-             input.attr('type', 'text');
-             outlinkButton = wrap.selectAll('.foreign-id-permalink').data([0]);
-             outlinkButton.enter().append('button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).attr('class', 'form-field-button foreign-id-permalink').attr('title', function () {
-               var domainResults = /^https?:\/\/(.{1,}?)\//.exec(field.urlFormat);
+         var _location;
 
-               if (domainResults.length >= 2 && domainResults[1]) {
-                 var domain = domainResults[1];
-                 return _t('icons.view_on', {
-                   domain: domain
-                 });
-               }
+         var _success;
 
-               return '';
-             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               var value = validIdentifierValueForLink();
+         var uploader = context.uploader().on('saveStarted.modeSave', function () {
+           keybindingOff();
+         }) // fire off some async work that we want to be ready later
+         .on('willAttemptUpload.modeSave', prepareForSuccess).on('progressChanged.modeSave', showProgress).on('resultNoChanges.modeSave', function () {
+           cancel();
+         }).on('resultErrors.modeSave', showErrors).on('resultConflicts.modeSave', showConflicts).on('resultSuccess.modeSave', showSuccess);
 
-               if (value) {
-                 var url = field.urlFormat.replace(/{value}/, encodeURIComponent(value));
-                 window.open(url, '_blank');
-               }
-             }).merge(outlinkButton);
-           }
+         function cancel() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
          }
 
-         function updatePhonePlaceholder() {
-           if (input.empty() || !Object.keys(_phoneFormats).length) return;
-           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-           var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
-
-           var format = countryCode && _phoneFormats[countryCode.toLowerCase()];
+         function showProgress(num, total) {
+           var modal = context.container().select('.loading-modal .modal-section');
+           var progress = modal.selectAll('.progress').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-           if (format) input.attr('placeholder', format);
+           progress.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'progress').merge(progress).text(_t('save.conflict_progress', {
+             num: num,
+             total: total
+           }));
          }
 
-         function validIdentifierValueForLink() {
-           if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.pattern) {
-             var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim().split(';')[0];
-             return value && value.match(new RegExp(field.pattern));
-           }
+         function showConflicts(changeset, conflicts, origChanges) {
+           var selection = context.container().select('.sidebar').append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar-component');
+           context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', true).classed('inactive', false);
+           _conflictsUi = uiConflicts(context).conflictList(conflicts).origChanges(origChanges).on('cancel', function () {
+             context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', false).classed('inactive', true);
+             selection.remove();
+             keybindingOn();
+             uploader.cancelConflictResolution();
+           }).on('save', function () {
+             context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', false).classed('inactive', true);
+             selection.remove();
+             uploader.processResolvedConflicts(changeset);
+           });
+           selection.call(_conflictsUi);
+         }
 
-           return null;
-         } // clamp number to min/max
+         function showErrors(errors) {
+           keybindingOn();
+           var selection = uiConfirm(context.container());
+           selection.select('.modal-section.header').append('h3').text(_t('save.error'));
+           addErrors(selection, errors);
+           selection.okButton();
+         }
 
+         function addErrors(selection, data) {
+           var message = selection.select('.modal-section.message-text');
+           var items = message.selectAll('.error-container').data(data);
+           var enter = items.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-container');
+           enter.append('a').attr('class', 'error-description').attr('href', '#').classed('hide-toggle', true).text(function (d) {
+             return d.msg || _t('save.unknown_error_details');
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var error = select(this);
+             var detail = select(this.nextElementSibling);
+             var exp = error.classed('expanded');
+             detail.style('display', exp ? 'none' : 'block');
+             error.classed('expanded', !exp);
+           });
+           var details = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'error-detail-container').style('display', 'none');
+           details.append('ul').attr('class', 'error-detail-list').selectAll('li').data(function (d) {
+             return d.details || [];
+           }).enter().append('li').attr('class', 'error-detail-item').text(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
+           items.exit().remove();
+         }
 
-         function clamped(num) {
-           if (field.minValue !== undefined) {
-             num = Math.max(num, field.minValue);
-           }
+         function showSuccess(changeset) {
+           commit.reset();
 
-           if (field.maxValue !== undefined) {
-             num = Math.min(num, field.maxValue);
-           }
+           var ui = _success.changeset(changeset).location(_location).on('cancel', function () {
+             context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           });
 
-           return num;
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context).sidebar(ui));
          }
 
-         function change(onInput) {
-           return function () {
-             var t = {};
-             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-             if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val); // don't override multiple values with blank string
-
-             if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+         function keybindingOn() {
+           select(document).call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
+         }
 
-             if (!onInput) {
-               if (field.type === 'number' && val) {
-                 var vals = val.split(';');
-                 vals = vals.map(function (v) {
-                   var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
-                   return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num) : v.trim();
-                 });
-                 val = vals.join(';');
-               }
+         function keybindingOff() {
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+         } // Reverse geocode current map location so we can display a message on
+         // the success screen like "Thank you for editing around place, region."
 
-               utilGetSetValue(input, val);
-             }
 
-             t[field.key] = val || undefined;
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
-           };
+         function prepareForSuccess() {
+           _success = uiSuccess(context);
+           _location = null;
+           if (!services.geocoder) return;
+           services.geocoder.reverse(context.map().center(), function (err, result) {
+             if (err || !result || !result.address) return;
+             var addr = result.address;
+             var place = addr && (addr.town || addr.city || addr.county) || '';
+             var region = addr && (addr.state || addr.country) || '';
+             var separator = place && region ? _t('success.thank_you_where.separator') : '';
+             _location = _t('success.thank_you_where.format', {
+               place: place,
+               separator: separator,
+               region: region
+             });
+           });
          }
 
-         i.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return i;
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           return _conflictsUi ? _conflictsUi.shownEntityIds() : [];
          };
 
-         i.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags;
-           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
-           utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '').attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           // Show sidebar
+           context.ui().sidebar.expand();
 
-           if (outlinkButton && !outlinkButton.empty()) {
-             var disabled = !validIdentifierValueForLink();
-             outlinkButton.classed('disabled', disabled);
+           function done() {
+             context.ui().sidebar.show(commit);
            }
-         };
 
-         i.focus = function () {
-           var node = input.node();
-           if (node) node.focus();
+           keybindingOn();
+           context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', false).classed('inactive', true);
+           var osm = context.connection();
+
+           if (!osm) {
+             cancel();
+             return;
+           }
+
+           if (osm.authenticated()) {
+             done();
+           } else {
+             osm.authenticate(function (err) {
+               if (err) {
+                 cancel();
+               } else {
+                 done();
+               }
+             });
+           }
          };
 
-         function combinedEntityExtent() {
-           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
-         }
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           keybindingOff();
+           context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', true).classed('inactive', false);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+         };
 
-         return utilRebind(i, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return mode;
        }
 
-       function uiFieldAccess(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var items = select(null);
+       function modeSelectError(context, selectedErrorID, selectedErrorService) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'select-error',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-error');
+         var errorService = services[selectedErrorService];
+         var errorEditor;
 
-         var _tags;
+         switch (selectedErrorService) {
+           case 'improveOSM':
+             errorEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context).on('change', function () {
+               context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
-         function access(selection) {
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
-           var list = wrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
-           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(list);
-           items = list.selectAll('li').data(field.keys); // Enter
+               var error = checkSelectedID();
+               if (!error) return;
+               context.ui().sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
+             });
+             break;
 
-           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'labeled-input preset-access-' + d;
-           });
-           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'label preset-label-access').attr('for', function (d) {
-             return 'preset-input-access-' + d;
-           }).html(function (d) {
-             return field.t.html('types.' + d);
-           });
-           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-input-access-wrap').append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'preset-input-access preset-input-access-' + d;
-           }).call(utilNoAuto).each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(uiCombobox(context, 'access-' + d).data(access.options(d)));
-           }); // Update
+           case 'keepRight':
+             errorEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context).on('change', function () {
+               context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
-           items = items.merge(enter);
-           wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-access').on('change', change).on('blur', change);
-         }
+               var error = checkSelectedID();
+               if (!error) return;
+               context.ui().sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
+             });
+             break;
 
-         function change(d3_event, d) {
-           var tag = {};
-           var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))); // don't override multiple values with blank string
+           case 'osmose':
+             errorEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context).on('change', function () {
+               context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
-           if (!value && typeof _tags[d] !== 'string') return;
-           tag[d] = value || undefined;
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, tag);
+               var error = checkSelectedID();
+               if (!error) return;
+               context.ui().sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
+             });
+             break;
          }
 
-         access.options = function (type) {
-           var options = ['no', 'permissive', 'private', 'permit', 'destination'];
+         var behaviors = [behaviorBreathe(), behaviorHover(context), behaviorSelect(context), behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
 
-           if (type !== 'access') {
-             options.unshift('yes');
-             options.push('designated');
+         function checkSelectedID() {
+           if (!errorService) return;
+           var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
 
-             if (type === 'bicycle') {
-               options.push('dismount');
-             }
+           if (!error) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }
 
-           return options.map(function (option) {
-             return {
-               title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
-               value: option
-             };
-           });
-         };
+           return error;
+         }
 
-         var placeholdersByHighway = {
-           footway: {
-             foot: 'designated',
-             motor_vehicle: 'no'
-           },
-           steps: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'no',
-             bicycle: 'no',
-             horse: 'no'
-           },
-           pedestrian: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'no'
-           },
-           cycleway: {
-             motor_vehicle: 'no',
-             bicycle: 'designated'
-           },
-           bridleway: {
-             motor_vehicle: 'no',
-             horse: 'designated'
-           },
-           path: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'no',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
-           },
-           motorway: {
-             foot: 'no',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'no',
-             horse: 'no'
-           },
-           trunk: {
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes'
-           },
-           primary: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
-           },
-           secondary: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
-           },
-           tertiary: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
-           },
-           residential: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
-           },
-           unclassified: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
-           },
-           service: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
-           },
-           motorway_link: {
-             foot: 'no',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'no',
-             horse: 'no'
-           },
-           trunk_link: {
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes'
-           },
-           primary_link: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
-           },
-           secondary_link: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
-           },
-           tertiary_link: {
-             foot: 'yes',
-             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-             bicycle: 'yes',
-             horse: 'yes'
+         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
+           if (!errorService) return;
+           var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
+
+           if (error) {
+             context.map().centerZoomEase(error.loc, 20);
            }
          };
 
-         access.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags;
-           utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-access'), function (d) {
-             return typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
-           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
-             return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]);
-           }).attr('title', function (d) {
-             return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]) && tags[d].filter(Boolean).join('\n');
-           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
-             if (tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
-               return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
-             }
-
-             if (d === 'access') {
-               return 'yes';
-             }
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           var error = checkSelectedID();
+           if (!error) return;
+           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+           keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on('⎋', esc, true);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+           selectError();
+           var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
+           sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
+           context.map().on('drawn.select-error', selectError); // class the error as selected, or return to browse mode if the error is gone
 
-             if (tags.access && typeof tags.access === 'string') {
-               return tags.access;
-             }
+           function selectError(d3_event, drawn) {
+             if (!checkSelectedID()) return;
+             var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.itemId-' + selectedErrorID + '.' + selectedErrorService);
 
-             if (tags.highway) {
-               if (typeof tags.highway === 'string') {
-                 if (placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway] && placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d]) {
-                   return placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d];
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 var impliedAccesses = tags.highway.filter(Boolean).map(function (highwayVal) {
-                   return placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal] && placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal][d];
-                 }).filter(Boolean);
+             if (selection.empty()) {
+               // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
+               // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
+               var source = d3_event && d3_event.type === 'zoom' && d3_event.sourceEvent;
 
-                 if (impliedAccesses.length === tags.highway.length && new Set(impliedAccesses).size === 1) {
-                   // if all the highway values have the same implied access for this type then use that
-                   return impliedAccesses[0];
-                 }
+               if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
+                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                }
+             } else {
+               selection.classed('selected', true);
+               context.selectedErrorID(selectedErrorID);
              }
+           }
 
-             return field.placeholder();
-           });
+           function esc() {
+             if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }
          };
 
-         access.focus = function () {
-           items.selectAll('.preset-input-access').node().focus();
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.surface().selectAll('.qaItem.selected').classed('selected hover', false);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select-error', null);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           context.selectedErrorID(null);
+           context.features().forceVisible([]);
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(access, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return mode;
        }
 
-       function uiFieldAddress(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-
-         var _selection = select(null);
-
-         var _wrap = select(null);
-
-         var addrField = _mainPresetIndex.field('address'); // needed for placeholder strings
-
-         var _entityIDs = [];
-
-         var _tags;
-
-         var _countryCode;
-
-         var _addressFormats = [{
-           format: [['housenumber', 'street'], ['city', 'postcode']]
-         }];
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('address_formats').then(function (d) {
-           _addressFormats = d;
-
-           if (!_selection.empty()) {
-             _selection.call(address);
-           }
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         });
-
-         function getNearStreets() {
-           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-           var l = extent.center();
-           var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
-           var streets = context.history().intersects(box).filter(isAddressable).map(function (d) {
-             var loc = context.projection([(extent[0][0] + extent[1][0]) / 2, (extent[0][1] + extent[1][1]) / 2]);
-             var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(d), loc, context.projection);
-             return {
-               title: d.tags.name,
-               value: d.tags.name,
-               dist: choice.distance
-             };
-           }).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return a.dist - b.dist;
-           });
-           return utilArrayUniqBy(streets, 'value');
+       function uiToolOldDrawModes(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'old_modes',
+           label: _t.html('toolbar.add_feature')
+         };
+         var modes = [modeAddPoint(context, {
+           title: _t.html('modes.add_point.title'),
+           button: 'point',
+           description: _t.html('modes.add_point.description'),
+           preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('point'),
+           key: '1'
+         }), modeAddLine(context, {
+           title: _t.html('modes.add_line.title'),
+           button: 'line',
+           description: _t.html('modes.add_line.description'),
+           preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('line'),
+           key: '2'
+         }), modeAddArea(context, {
+           title: _t.html('modes.add_area.title'),
+           button: 'area',
+           description: _t.html('modes.add_area.description'),
+           preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('area'),
+           key: '3'
+         })];
 
-           function isAddressable(d) {
-             return d.tags.highway && d.tags.name && d.type === 'way';
-           }
+         function enabled() {
+           return osmEditable();
          }
 
-         function getNearCities() {
-           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-           var l = extent.center();
-           var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
-           var cities = context.history().intersects(box).filter(isAddressable).map(function (d) {
-             return {
-               title: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
-               value: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
-               dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
-             };
-           }).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return a.dist - b.dist;
-           });
-           return utilArrayUniqBy(cities, 'value');
+         function osmEditable() {
+           return context.editable();
+         }
 
-           function isAddressable(d) {
-             if (d.tags.name) {
-               if (d.tags.admin_level === '8' && d.tags.boundary === 'administrative') return true;
-               if (d.tags.border_type === 'city') return true;
-               if (d.tags.place === 'city' || d.tags.place === 'town' || d.tags.place === 'village') return true;
+         modes.forEach(function (mode) {
+           context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function () {
+             if (!enabled()) return;
+
+             if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             } else {
+               context.enter(mode);
              }
+           });
+         });
 
-             if (d.tags['addr:city']) return true;
-             return false;
-           }
-         }
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'joined').style('display', 'flex');
 
-         function getNearValues(key) {
-           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-           var l = extent.center();
-           var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
-           var results = context.history().intersects(box).filter(function hasTag(d) {
-             return _entityIDs.indexOf(d.id) === -1 && d.tags[key];
-           }).map(function (d) {
-             return {
-               title: d.tags[key],
-               value: d.tags[key],
-               dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
-             };
-           }).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
+             leading: true,
+             trailing: true
            });
-           return utilArrayUniqBy(results, 'value');
-         }
 
-         function updateForCountryCode() {
-           if (!_countryCode) return;
-           var addressFormat;
+           context.map().on('move.modes', debouncedUpdate).on('drawn.modes', debouncedUpdate);
+           context.on('enter.modes', update);
+           update();
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < _addressFormats.length; i++) {
-             var format = _addressFormats[i];
+           function update() {
+             var buttons = wrap.selectAll('button.add-button').data(modes, function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             }); // exit
 
-             if (!format.countryCodes) {
-               addressFormat = format; // choose the default format, keep going
-             } else if (format.countryCodes.indexOf(_countryCode) !== -1) {
-               addressFormat = format; // choose the country format, stop here
+             buttons.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               break;
-             }
-           }
+             var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return d.id + ' add-button bar-button';
+             }).on('click.mode-buttons', function (d3_event, d) {
+               if (!enabled()) return; // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
 
-           var dropdowns = addressFormat.dropdowns || ['city', 'county', 'country', 'district', 'hamlet', 'neighbourhood', 'place', 'postcode', 'province', 'quarter', 'state', 'street', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'];
-           var widths = addressFormat.widths || {
-             housenumber: 1 / 3,
-             street: 2 / 3,
-             city: 2 / 3,
-             state: 1 / 4,
-             postcode: 1 / 3
-           };
+               var currMode = context.mode().id;
+               if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) return;
 
-           function row(r) {
-             // Normalize widths.
-             var total = r.reduce(function (sum, key) {
-               return sum + (widths[key] || 0.5);
-             }, 0);
-             return r.map(function (key) {
-               return {
-                 id: key,
-                 width: (widths[key] || 0.5) / total
-               };
+               if (d.id === currMode) {
+                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               } else {
+                 context.enter(d);
+               }
+             }).call(uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(function (d) {
+               return d.description;
+             }).keys(function (d) {
+               return [d.key];
+             }).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar')));
+             buttonsEnter.each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.button));
              });
-           }
-
-           var rows = _wrap.selectAll('.addr-row').data(addressFormat.format, function (d) {
-             return d.toString();
-           });
+             buttonsEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(function (mode) {
+               return mode.title;
+             }); // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
 
-           rows.exit().remove();
-           rows.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'addr-row').selectAll('input').data(row).enter().append('input').property('type', 'text').call(updatePlaceholder).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'addr-' + d.id;
-           }).call(utilNoAuto).each(addDropdown).style('width', function (d) {
-             return d.width * 100 + '%';
-           });
+             if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
+               context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
+             } // update
 
-           function addDropdown(d) {
-             if (dropdowns.indexOf(d.id) === -1) return; // not a dropdown
 
-             var nearValues = d.id === 'street' ? getNearStreets : d.id === 'city' ? getNearCities : getNearValues;
-             select(this).call(uiCombobox(context, 'address-' + d.id).minItems(1).caseSensitive(true).fetcher(function (value, callback) {
-               callback(nearValues('addr:' + d.id));
-             }));
+             buttons = buttons.merge(buttonsEnter).classed('disabled', function (d) {
+               return !enabled();
+             }).classed('active', function (d) {
+               return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button;
+             });
            }
+         };
 
-           _wrap.selectAll('input').on('blur', change()).on('change', change());
+         return tool;
+       }
 
-           _wrap.selectAll('input:not(.combobox-input)').on('input', change(true));
+       function uiToolNotes(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'notes',
+           label: _t.html('modes.add_note.label')
+         };
+         var mode = modeAddNote(context);
 
-           if (_tags) updateTags(_tags);
+         function enabled() {
+           return notesEnabled() && notesEditable();
          }
 
-         function address(selection) {
-           _selection = selection;
-           _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           _wrap = _wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(_wrap);
-           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+         function notesEnabled() {
+           var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
+           return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
+         }
 
-           if (extent) {
-             var countryCode;
+         function notesEditable() {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           return context.map().notesEditable() && mode && mode.id !== 'save';
+         }
 
-             if (context.inIntro()) {
-               // localize the address format for the walkthrough
-               countryCode = _t('intro.graph.countrycode');
-             } else {
-               var center = extent.center();
-               countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
-             }
+         context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function () {
+           if (!enabled()) return;
 
-             if (countryCode) {
-               _countryCode = countryCode.toLowerCase();
-               updateForCountryCode();
-             }
+           if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           } else {
+             context.enter(mode);
            }
-         }
+         });
 
-         function change(onInput) {
-           return function () {
-             var tags = {};
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
+             leading: true,
+             trailing: true
+           });
 
-             _wrap.selectAll('input').each(function (subfield) {
-               var key = field.key + ':' + subfield.id;
-               var value = this.value;
-               if (!onInput) value = context.cleanTagValue(value); // don't override multiple values with blank string
+           context.map().on('move.notes', debouncedUpdate).on('drawn.notes', debouncedUpdate);
+           context.on('enter.notes', update);
+           update();
 
-               if (Array.isArray(_tags[key]) && !value) return;
-               tags[key] = value || undefined;
-             });
+           function update() {
+             var showNotes = notesEnabled();
+             var data = showNotes ? [mode] : [];
+             var buttons = selection.selectAll('button.add-button').data(data, function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             }); // exit
 
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, tags, onInput);
-           };
-         }
+             buttons.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-         function updatePlaceholder(inputSelection) {
-           return inputSelection.attr('placeholder', function (subfield) {
-             if (_tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id])) {
-               return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
-             }
+             var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return d.id + ' add-button bar-button';
+             }).on('click.notes', function (d3_event, d) {
+               if (!enabled()) return; // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
 
-             if (_countryCode) {
-               var localkey = subfield.id + '!' + _countryCode;
-               var tkey = addrField.strings.placeholders[localkey] ? localkey : subfield.id;
-               return addrField.t('placeholders.' + tkey);
-             }
-           });
-         }
+               var currMode = context.mode().id;
+               if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) return;
 
-         function updateTags(tags) {
-           utilGetSetValue(_wrap.selectAll('input'), function (subfield) {
-             var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
-             return typeof val === 'string' ? val : '';
-           }).attr('title', function (subfield) {
-             var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
-             return val && Array.isArray(val) && val.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
-           }).classed('mixed', function (subfield) {
-             return Array.isArray(tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id]);
-           }).call(updatePlaceholder);
-         }
+               if (d.id === currMode) {
+                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               } else {
+                 context.enter(d);
+               }
+             }).call(uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(function (d) {
+               return d.description;
+             }).keys(function (d) {
+               return [d.key];
+             }).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar')));
+             buttonsEnter.each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(svgIcon(d.icon || '#iD-icon-' + d.button));
+             }); // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
 
-         function combinedEntityExtent() {
-           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
-         }
+             if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
+               context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
+             } // update
 
-         address.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return address;
-         };
 
-         address.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags;
-           updateTags(tags);
+             buttons = buttons.merge(buttonsEnter).classed('disabled', function (d) {
+               return !enabled();
+             }).classed('active', function (d) {
+               return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button;
+             });
+           }
          };
 
-         address.focus = function () {
-           var node = _wrap.selectAll('input').node();
-
-           if (node) node.focus();
+         tool.uninstall = function () {
+           context.on('enter.editor.notes', null).on('exit.editor.notes', null).on('enter.notes', null);
+           context.map().on('move.notes', null).on('drawn.notes', null);
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(address, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return tool;
        }
 
-       function uiFieldCycleway(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var items = select(null);
-         var wrap = select(null);
+       function uiToolSave(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'save',
+           label: _t.html('save.title')
+         };
+         var button = null;
+         var tooltipBehavior = null;
+         var history = context.history();
+         var key = uiCmd('⌘S');
+         var _numChanges = 0;
 
-         var _tags;
+         function isSaving() {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           return mode && mode.id === 'save';
+         }
 
-         function cycleway(selection) {
-           function stripcolon(s) {
-             return s.replace(':', '');
-           }
+         function isDisabled() {
+           return _numChanges === 0 || isSaving();
+         }
 
-           wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
-           var div = wrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
-           div = div.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(div);
-           var keys = ['cycleway:left', 'cycleway:right'];
-           items = div.selectAll('li').data(keys);
-           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'labeled-input preset-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d);
-           });
-           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'label preset-label-cycleway').attr('for', function (d) {
-             return 'preset-input-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d);
-           }).html(function (d) {
-             return field.t.html('types.' + d);
-           });
-           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-input-cycleway-wrap').append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'preset-input-cycleway preset-input-' + stripcolon(d);
-           }).call(utilNoAuto).each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(uiCombobox(context, 'cycleway-' + stripcolon(d)).data(cycleway.options(d)));
-           });
-           items = items.merge(enter); // Update
+         function save(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-           wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway').on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+           if (!context.inIntro() && !isSaving() && history.hasChanges()) {
+             context.enter(modeSave(context));
+           }
          }
 
-         function change(d3_event, key) {
-           var newValue = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))); // don't override multiple values with blank string
-
-           if (!newValue && (Array.isArray(_tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(_tags[key]))) return;
+         function bgColor() {
+           var step;
 
-           if (newValue === 'none' || newValue === '') {
-             newValue = undefined;
+           if (_numChanges === 0) {
+             return null;
+           } else if (_numChanges <= 50) {
+             step = _numChanges / 50;
+             return d3_interpolateRgb('#fff', '#ff8')(step); // white -> yellow
+           } else {
+             step = Math.min((_numChanges - 50) / 50, 1.0);
+             return d3_interpolateRgb('#ff8', '#f88')(step); // yellow -> red
            }
+         }
 
-           var otherKey = key === 'cycleway:left' ? 'cycleway:right' : 'cycleway:left';
-           var otherValue = typeof _tags.cycleway === 'string' ? _tags.cycleway : _tags[otherKey];
+         function updateCount() {
+           var val = history.difference().summary().length;
+           if (val === _numChanges) return;
+           _numChanges = val;
 
-           if (otherValue && Array.isArray(otherValue)) {
-             // we must always have an explicit value for comparison
-             otherValue = otherValue[0];
+           if (tooltipBehavior) {
+             tooltipBehavior.title(_t.html(_numChanges > 0 ? 'save.help' : 'save.no_changes')).keys([key]);
            }
 
-           if (otherValue === 'none' || otherValue === '') {
-             otherValue = undefined;
+           if (button) {
+             button.classed('disabled', isDisabled()).style('background', bgColor());
+             button.select('span.count').html(_numChanges);
            }
+         }
 
-           var tag = {}; // If the left and right tags match, use the cycleway tag to tag both
-           // sides the same way
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(_t.html('save.no_changes')).keys([key]).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));
+           var lastPointerUpType;
+           button = selection.append('button').attr('class', 'save disabled bar-button').on('pointerup', function (d3_event) {
+             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             save(d3_event);
 
-           if (newValue === otherValue) {
-             tag = {
-               cycleway: newValue,
-               'cycleway:left': undefined,
-               'cycleway:right': undefined
-             };
-           } else {
-             // Always set both left and right as changing one can affect the other
-             tag = {
-               cycleway: undefined
-             };
-             tag[key] = newValue;
-             tag[otherKey] = otherValue;
-           }
+             if (_numChanges === 0 && (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen')) {
+               // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
+               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-icon-save').iconClass('disabled').label(_t.html('save.no_changes'))();
+             }
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, tag);
-         }
+             lastPointerUpType = null;
+           }).call(tooltipBehavior);
+           button.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-save'));
+           button.append('span').attr('class', 'count').attr('aria-hidden', 'true').html('0');
+           updateCount();
+           context.keybinding().on(key, save, true);
+           context.history().on('change.save', updateCount);
+           context.on('enter.save', function () {
+             if (button) {
+               button.classed('disabled', isDisabled());
 
-         cycleway.options = function () {
-           return Object.keys(field.strings.options).map(function (option) {
-             return {
-               title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
-               value: option
-             };
+               if (isSaving()) {
+                 button.call(tooltipBehavior.hide);
+               }
+             }
            });
          };
 
-         cycleway.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags; // If cycleway is set, use that instead of individual values
+         tool.uninstall = function () {
+           context.keybinding().off(key, true);
+           context.history().on('change.save', null);
+           context.on('enter.save', null);
+           button = null;
+           tooltipBehavior = null;
+         };
 
-           var commonValue = typeof tags.cycleway === 'string' && tags.cycleway;
-           utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway'), function (d) {
-             if (commonValue) return commonValue;
-             return !tags.cycleway && typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
-           }).attr('title', function (d) {
-             if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
-               var vals = [];
+         return tool;
+       }
 
-               if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway)) {
-                 vals = vals.concat(tags.cycleway);
-               }
+       function uiToolSidebarToggle(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'sidebar_toggle',
+           label: _t.html('toolbar.inspect')
+         };
 
-               if (Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
-                 vals = vals.concat(tags[d]);
-               }
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'bar-button').on('click', function () {
+             context.ui().sidebar.toggle();
+           }).call(uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(_t.html('sidebar.tooltip')).keys([_t('sidebar.key')]).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'))).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-sidebar-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')));
+         };
+
+         return tool;
+       }
+
+       function uiToolUndoRedo(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'undo_redo',
+           label: _t.html('toolbar.undo_redo')
+         };
+         var commands = [{
+           id: 'undo',
+           cmd: uiCmd('⌘Z'),
+           action: function action() {
+             context.undo();
+           },
+           annotation: function annotation() {
+             return context.history().undoAnnotation();
+           },
+           icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')
+         }, {
+           id: 'redo',
+           cmd: uiCmd('⌘⇧Z'),
+           action: function action() {
+             context.redo();
+           },
+           annotation: function annotation() {
+             return context.history().redoAnnotation();
+           },
+           icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'undo' : 'redo')
+         }];
+
+         function editable() {
+           return context.mode() && context.mode().id !== 'save' && context.map().editableDataEnabled(true
+           /* ignore min zoom */
+           );
+         }
+
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(function (d) {
+             return d.annotation() ? _t.html(d.id + '.tooltip', {
+               action: d.annotation()
+             }) : _t.html(d.id + '.nothing');
+           }).keys(function (d) {
+             return [d.cmd];
+           }).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));
+           var lastPointerUpType;
+           var buttons = selection.selectAll('button').data(commands).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'disabled ' + d.id + '-button bar-button';
+           }).on('pointerup', function (d3_event) {
+             // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
+             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var annotation = d.annotation();
 
-               return vals.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
+             if (editable() && annotation) {
+               d.action();
              }
 
-             return null;
-           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
-             if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
-               return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+             if (editable() && (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen')) {
+               // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
+               var text = annotation ? _t(d.id + '.tooltip', {
+                 action: annotation
+               }) : _t(d.id + '.nothing');
+               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#' + d.icon).iconClass(annotation ? '' : 'disabled').label(text)();
              }
 
-             return field.placeholder();
-           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
-             return Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d]);
+             lastPointerUpType = null;
+           }).call(tooltipBehavior);
+           buttons.each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon));
+           });
+           context.keybinding().on(commands[0].cmd, function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (editable()) commands[0].action();
+           }).on(commands[1].cmd, function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (editable()) commands[1].action();
            });
-         };
-
-         cycleway.focus = function () {
-           var node = wrap.selectAll('input').node();
-           if (node) node.focus();
-         };
 
-         return utilRebind(cycleway, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
+             leading: true,
+             trailing: true
+           });
 
-       function uiFieldLanes(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var LANE_WIDTH = 40;
-         var LANE_HEIGHT = 200;
-         var _entityIDs = [];
+           context.map().on('move.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate).on('drawn.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate);
+           context.history().on('change.undo_redo', function (difference) {
+             if (difference) update();
+           });
+           context.on('enter.undo_redo', update);
 
-         function lanes(selection) {
-           var lanesData = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]).lanes();
+           function update() {
+             buttons.classed('disabled', function (d) {
+               return !editable() || !d.annotation();
+             }).each(function () {
+               var selection = select(this);
 
-           if (!context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() || !selection.node().parentNode) {
-             selection.call(lanes.off);
-             return;
+               if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
+                 selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
+               }
+             });
            }
-
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
-           var surface = wrap.selectAll('.surface').data([0]);
-           var d = utilGetDimensions(wrap);
-           var freeSpace = d[0] - lanesData.lanes.length * LANE_WIDTH * 1.5 + LANE_WIDTH * 0.5;
-           surface = surface.enter().append('svg').attr('width', d[0]).attr('height', 300).attr('class', 'surface').merge(surface);
-           var lanesSelection = surface.selectAll('.lanes').data([0]);
-           lanesSelection = lanesSelection.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'lanes').merge(lanesSelection);
-           lanesSelection.attr('transform', function () {
-             return 'translate(' + freeSpace / 2 + ', 0)';
-           });
-           var lane = lanesSelection.selectAll('.lane').data(lanesData.lanes);
-           lane.exit().remove();
-           var enter = lane.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'lane');
-           enter.append('g').append('rect').attr('y', 50).attr('width', LANE_WIDTH).attr('height', LANE_HEIGHT);
-           enter.append('g').attr('class', 'forward').append('text').attr('y', 40).attr('x', 14).html('▲');
-           enter.append('g').attr('class', 'bothways').append('text').attr('y', 40).attr('x', 14).html('▲▼');
-           enter.append('g').attr('class', 'backward').append('text').attr('y', 40).attr('x', 14).html('▼');
-           lane = lane.merge(enter);
-           lane.attr('transform', function (d) {
-             return 'translate(' + LANE_WIDTH * d.index * 1.5 + ', 0)';
-           });
-           lane.select('.forward').style('visibility', function (d) {
-             return d.direction === 'forward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
-           });
-           lane.select('.bothways').style('visibility', function (d) {
-             return d.direction === 'bothways' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
-           });
-           lane.select('.backward').style('visibility', function (d) {
-             return d.direction === 'backward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
-           });
-         }
-
-         lanes.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           _entityIDs = val;
          };
 
-         lanes.tags = function () {};
-
-         lanes.focus = function () {};
-
-         lanes.off = function () {};
+         tool.uninstall = function () {
+           context.keybinding().off(commands[0].cmd).off(commands[1].cmd);
+           context.map().on('move.undo_redo', null).on('drawn.undo_redo', null);
+           context.history().on('change.undo_redo', null);
+           context.on('enter.undo_redo', null);
+         };
 
-         return utilRebind(lanes, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return tool;
        }
-       uiFieldLanes.supportsMultiselection = false;
 
-       var _languagesArray = [];
-       function uiFieldLocalized(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'input');
-         var wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
-         var input = select(null);
-         var localizedInputs = select(null);
-
-         var _countryCode;
-
-         var _tags; // A concern here in switching to async data means that _languagesArray will not
-         // be available the first time through, so things like the fetchers and
-         // the language() function will not work immediately.
+       function uiTopToolbar(context) {
+         var sidebarToggle = uiToolSidebarToggle(context),
+             modes = uiToolOldDrawModes(context),
+             notes = uiToolNotes(context),
+             undoRedo = uiToolUndoRedo(context),
+             save = uiToolSave(context);
 
+         function notesEnabled() {
+           var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
+           return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
+         }
 
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('languages').then(loadLanguagesArray)["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         });
-         var _territoryLanguages = {};
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('territory_languages').then(function (d) {
-           _territoryLanguages = d;
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         });
-         var allSuggestions = _mainPresetIndex.collection.filter(function (p) {
-           return p.suggestion === true;
-         }); // reuse these combos
+         function topToolbar(bar) {
+           bar.on('wheel.topToolbar', function (d3_event) {
+             if (!d3_event.deltaX) {
+               // translate vertical scrolling into horizontal scrolling in case
+               // the user doesn't have an input device that can scroll horizontally
+               bar.node().scrollLeft += d3_event.deltaY;
+             }
+           });
 
-         var langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'localized-lang').fetcher(fetchLanguages).minItems(0);
-         var brandCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'localized-brand').canAutocomplete(false).minItems(1);
+           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
+             leading: true,
+             trailing: true
+           });
 
-         var _selection = select(null);
+           context.layers().on('change.topToolbar', debouncedUpdate);
+           update();
 
-         var _multilingual = [];
+           function update() {
+             var tools = [sidebarToggle, 'spacer', modes];
+             tools.push('spacer');
 
-         var _buttonTip = uiTooltip().title(_t.html('translate.translate')).placement('left');
+             if (notesEnabled()) {
+               tools = tools.concat([notes, 'spacer']);
+             }
 
-         var _wikiTitles;
+             tools = tools.concat([undoRedo, save]);
+             var toolbarItems = bar.selectAll('.toolbar-item').data(tools, function (d) {
+               return d.id || d;
+             });
+             toolbarItems.exit().each(function (d) {
+               if (d.uninstall) {
+                 d.uninstall();
+               }
+             }).remove();
+             var itemsEnter = toolbarItems.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var classes = 'toolbar-item ' + (d.id || d).replace('_', '-');
+               if (d.klass) classes += ' ' + d.klass;
+               return classes;
+             });
+             var actionableItems = itemsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+               return d !== 'spacer';
+             });
+             actionableItems.append('div').attr('class', 'item-content').each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(d.render, bar);
+             });
+             actionableItems.append('div').attr('class', 'item-label').html(function (d) {
+               return d.label;
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-         var _entityIDs = [];
+         return topToolbar;
+       }
 
-         function loadLanguagesArray(dataLanguages) {
-           if (_languagesArray.length !== 0) return; // some conversion is needed to ensure correct OSM tags are used
+       var sawVersion = null;
+       var isNewVersion = false;
+       var isNewUser = false;
+       function uiVersion(context) {
+         var currVersion = context.version;
+         var matchedVersion = currVersion.match(/\d+\.\d+\.\d+.*/);
 
-           var replacements = {
-             sr: 'sr-Cyrl',
-             // in OSM, `sr` implies Cyrillic
-             'sr-Cyrl': false // `sr-Cyrl` isn't used in OSM
+         if (sawVersion === null && matchedVersion !== null) {
+           if (corePreferences('sawVersion')) {
+             isNewUser = false;
+             isNewVersion = corePreferences('sawVersion') !== currVersion && currVersion.indexOf('-') === -1;
+           } else {
+             isNewUser = true;
+             isNewVersion = true;
+           }
 
-           };
+           corePreferences('sawVersion', currVersion);
+           sawVersion = currVersion;
+         }
 
-           for (var code in dataLanguages) {
-             if (replacements[code] === false) continue;
-             var metaCode = code;
-             if (replacements[code]) metaCode = replacements[code];
+         return function (selection) {
+           selection.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD').html(currVersion); // only show new version indicator to users that have used iD before
 
-             _languagesArray.push({
-               localName: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode, {
-                 localOnly: true
-               }),
-               nativeName: dataLanguages[metaCode].nativeName,
-               code: code,
-               label: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode)
-             });
+           if (isNewVersion && !isNewUser) {
+             selection.append('a').attr('class', 'badge').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/CHANGELOG.md#whats-new').call(svgIcon('#maki-gift-11')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('version.whats_new', {
+               version: currVersion
+             })).placement('top').scrollContainer(context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap')));
            }
-         }
+         };
+       }
 
-         function calcLocked() {
-           // only lock the Name field
-           var isLocked = field.id === 'name' && _entityIDs.length && // lock the field if any feature needs it
-           _entityIDs.some(function (entityID) {
-             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(entityID);
-             if (!entity) return false;
+       function uiZoom(context) {
+         var zooms = [{
+           id: 'zoom-in',
+           icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
+           title: _t.html('zoom.in'),
+           action: zoomIn,
+           disabled: function disabled() {
+             return !context.map().canZoomIn();
+           },
+           disabledTitle: _t.html('zoom.disabled.in'),
+           key: '+'
+         }, {
+           id: 'zoom-out',
+           icon: 'iD-icon-minus',
+           title: _t.html('zoom.out'),
+           action: zoomOut,
+           disabled: function disabled() {
+             return !context.map().canZoomOut();
+           },
+           disabledTitle: _t.html('zoom.disabled.out'),
+           key: '-'
+         }];
 
-             var original = context.graph().base().entities[_entityIDs[0]];
+         function zoomIn(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().zoomIn();
+         }
 
-             var hasOriginalName = original && entity.tags.name && entity.tags.name === original.tags.name; // if the name was already edited manually then allow further editing
+         function zoomOut(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().zoomOut();
+         }
 
-             if (!hasOriginalName) return false; // features linked to Wikidata are likely important and should be protected
+         function zoomInFurther(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().zoomInFurther();
+         }
 
-             if (entity.tags.wikidata) return true; // assume the name has already been confirmed if its source has been researched
+         function zoomOutFurther(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().zoomOutFurther();
+         }
 
-             if (entity.tags['name:etymology:wikidata']) return true;
-             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-             var isSuggestion = preset && preset.suggestion;
-             var showsBrand = preset && preset.originalFields.filter(function (d) {
-               return d.id === 'brand';
-             }).length; // protect standardized brand names
+         return function (selection) {
+           var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(function (d) {
+             if (d.disabled()) {
+               return d.disabledTitle;
+             }
 
-             return isSuggestion && !showsBrand;
+             return d.title;
+           }).keys(function (d) {
+             return [d.key];
            });
+           var lastPointerUpType;
+           var buttons = selection.selectAll('button').data(zooms).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }).on('pointerup.editor', function (d3_event) {
+             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+           }).on('click.editor', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (!d.disabled()) {
+               d.action(d3_event);
+             } else if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#' + d.icon).iconClass('disabled').label(d.disabledTitle)();
+             }
 
-           field.locked(isLocked);
-         } // update _multilingual, maintaining the existing order
-
-
-         function calcMultilingual(tags) {
-           var existingLangsOrdered = _multilingual.map(function (item) {
-             return item.lang;
+             lastPointerUpType = null;
+           }).call(tooltipBehavior);
+           buttons.each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon, 'light'));
+           });
+           utilKeybinding.plusKeys.forEach(function (key) {
+             context.keybinding().on([key], zoomIn);
+             context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌥' + key)], zoomInFurther);
+           });
+           utilKeybinding.minusKeys.forEach(function (key) {
+             context.keybinding().on([key], zoomOut);
+             context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌥' + key)], zoomOutFurther);
            });
 
-           var existingLangs = new Set(existingLangsOrdered.filter(Boolean));
-
-           for (var k in tags) {
-             var m = k.match(/^(.*):([a-zA-Z_-]+)$/);
-
-             if (m && m[1] === field.key && m[2]) {
-               var item = {
-                 lang: m[2],
-                 value: tags[k]
-               };
+           function updateButtonStates() {
+             buttons.classed('disabled', function (d) {
+               return d.disabled();
+             }).each(function () {
+               var selection = select(this);
 
-               if (existingLangs.has(item.lang)) {
-                 // update the value
-                 _multilingual[existingLangsOrdered.indexOf(item.lang)].value = item.value;
-                 existingLangs["delete"](item.lang);
-               } else {
-                 _multilingual.push(item);
+               if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
+                 selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
                }
-             }
+             });
            }
 
-           _multilingual = _multilingual.filter(function (item) {
-             return !item.lang || !existingLangs.has(item.lang);
-           });
-         }
-
-         function localized(selection) {
-           _selection = selection;
-           calcLocked();
-           var isLocked = field.locked();
-           var singularEntity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-           var preset = singularEntity && _mainPresetIndex.match(singularEntity, context.graph());
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]); // enter/update
+           updateButtonStates();
+           context.map().on('move.uiZoom', updateButtonStates);
+         };
+       }
 
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
-           input = wrap.selectAll('.localized-main').data([0]); // enter/update
+       function uiZoomToSelection(context) {
+         function isDisabled() {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           return !mode || !mode.zoomToSelected;
+         }
 
-           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('id', field.domId).attr('class', 'localized-main').call(utilNoAuto).merge(input);
+         var _lastPointerUpType;
 
-           if (preset && field.id === 'name') {
-             var pTag = preset.id.split('/', 2);
-             var pKey = pTag[0];
-             var pValue = pTag[1];
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           _lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+         }
 
-             if (!preset.suggestion) {
-               // Not a suggestion preset - Add a suggestions dropdown if it makes sense to.
-               // This code attempts to determine if the matched preset is the
-               // kind of preset that even can benefit from name suggestions..
-               // - true = shops, cafes, hotels, etc. (also generic and fallback presets)
-               // - false = churches, parks, hospitals, etc. (things not in the index)
-               var isFallback = preset.isFallback();
-               var goodSuggestions = allSuggestions.filter(function (s) {
-                 if (isFallback) return true;
-                 var sTag = s.id.split('/', 2);
-                 var sKey = sTag[0];
-                 var sValue = sTag[1];
-                 return pKey === sKey && (!pValue || pValue === sValue);
-               }); // Show the suggestions.. If the user picks one, change the tags..
+         function click(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-               if (allSuggestions.length && goodSuggestions.length) {
-                 input.on('blur.localized', checkBrandOnBlur).call(brandCombo.fetcher(fetchBrandNames(preset, allSuggestions)).on('accept', acceptBrand).on('cancel', cancelBrand));
-               }
+           if (isDisabled()) {
+             if (_lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || _lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-icon-framed-dot').iconClass('disabled').label(_t.html('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection'))();
              }
-           }
-
-           input.classed('disabled', !!isLocked).attr('readonly', isLocked || null).on('input', change(true)).on('blur', change()).on('change', change());
-           var translateButton = wrap.selectAll('.localized-add').data([0]);
-           translateButton = translateButton.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'localized-add form-field-button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus')).merge(translateButton);
-           translateButton.classed('disabled', !!isLocked).call(isLocked ? _buttonTip.destroy : _buttonTip).on('click', addNew);
+           } else {
+             var mode = context.mode();
 
-           if (_tags && !_multilingual.length) {
-             calcMultilingual(_tags);
+             if (mode && mode.zoomToSelected) {
+               mode.zoomToSelected();
+             }
            }
 
-           localizedInputs = selection.selectAll('.localized-multilingual').data([0]);
-           localizedInputs = localizedInputs.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'localized-multilingual').merge(localizedInputs);
-           localizedInputs.call(renderMultilingual);
-           localizedInputs.selectAll('button, input').classed('disabled', !!isLocked).attr('readonly', isLocked || null); // We are not guaranteed to get an `accept` or `cancel` when blurring the field.
-           // (This can happen if the user actives the combo, arrows down, and then clicks off to blur)
-           // So compare the current field value against the suggestions one last time.
+           _lastPointerUpType = null;
+         }
 
-           function checkBrandOnBlur() {
-             var latest = _entityIDs.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-             if (!latest) return; // deleting the entity blurred the field?
+         return function (selection) {
+           var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(function () {
+             if (isDisabled()) {
+               return _t.html('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection');
+             }
 
-             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(latest, context.graph());
-             if (preset && preset.suggestion) return; // already accepted
+             return _t.html('inspector.zoom_to.title');
+           }).keys([_t('inspector.zoom_to.key')]);
+           var button = selection.append('button').on('pointerup', pointerup).on('click', click).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'light')).call(tooltipBehavior);
 
-             var name = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
-             var matched = allSuggestions.filter(function (s) {
-               return name === s.name();
-             });
+           function setEnabledState() {
+             button.classed('disabled', isDisabled());
 
-             if (matched.length === 1) {
-               acceptBrand({
-                 suggestion: matched[0]
-               });
-             } else {
-               cancelBrand();
+             if (!button.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
+               button.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
              }
            }
 
-           function acceptBrand(d) {
-             var entity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
+           context.on('enter.uiZoomToSelection', setEnabledState);
+           setEnabledState();
+         };
+       }
 
-             if (!d || !entity) {
-               cancelBrand();
-               return;
-             }
+       function uiPane(id, context) {
+         var _key;
 
-             var tags = entity.tags;
-             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
-             var removed = preset.unsetTags(tags, geometry);
+         var _label = '';
+         var _description = '';
+         var _iconName = '';
 
-             for (var k in tags) {
-               tags[k] = removed[k]; // set removed tags to `undefined`
-             }
+         var _sections; // array of uiSection objects
 
-             tags = d.suggestion.setTags(tags, geometry);
-             utilGetSetValue(input, tags.name);
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, tags);
-           } // user hit escape
 
+         var _paneSelection = select(null);
 
-           function cancelBrand() {
-             var name = utilGetSetValue(input);
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, {
-               name: name
-             });
-           }
+         var _paneTooltip;
 
-           function fetchBrandNames(preset, suggestions) {
-             var pTag = preset.id.split('/', 2);
-             var pKey = pTag[0];
-             var pValue = pTag[1];
-             return function (value, callback) {
-               var results = [];
-
-               if (value && value.length > 2) {
-                 for (var i = 0; i < suggestions.length; i++) {
-                   var s = suggestions[i]; // don't suggest brands from incompatible countries
-
-                   if (_countryCode && s.countryCodes && s.countryCodes.indexOf(_countryCode) === -1) continue;
-                   var sTag = s.id.split('/', 2);
-                   var sKey = sTag[0];
-                   var sValue = sTag[1];
-                   var subtitle = s.subtitle();
-                   var name = s.name();
-                   if (subtitle) name += ' – ' + subtitle;
-                   var dist = utilEditDistance(value, name.substring(0, value.length));
-                   var matchesPreset = pKey === sKey && (!pValue || pValue === sValue);
-
-                   if (dist < 1 || matchesPreset && dist < 3) {
-                     var obj = {
-                       value: s.name(),
-                       title: name,
-                       display: s.nameLabel() + (subtitle ? ' – ' + s.subtitleLabel() : ''),
-                       suggestion: s,
-                       dist: dist + (matchesPreset ? 0 : 1) // penalize if not matched preset
+         var pane = {
+           id: id
+         };
 
-                     };
-                     results.push(obj);
-                   }
-                 }
+         pane.label = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
+           _label = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
-                 results.sort(function (a, b) {
-                   return a.dist - b.dist;
-                 });
-               }
+         pane.key = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _key;
+           _key = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
-               results = results.slice(0, 10);
-               callback(results);
-             };
-           }
+         pane.description = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _description;
+           _description = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
-           function addNew(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             if (field.locked()) return;
-             var defaultLang = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
+         pane.iconName = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _iconName;
+           _iconName = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
-             var langExists = _multilingual.find(function (datum) {
-               return datum.lang === defaultLang;
-             });
+         pane.sections = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _sections;
+           _sections = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
-             var isLangEn = defaultLang.indexOf('en') > -1;
+         pane.selection = function () {
+           return _paneSelection;
+         };
 
-             if (isLangEn || langExists) {
-               defaultLang = '';
-               langExists = _multilingual.find(function (datum) {
-                 return datum.lang === defaultLang;
-               });
-             }
+         function hidePane() {
+           context.ui().togglePanes();
+         }
 
-             if (!langExists) {
-               // prepend the value so it appears at the top
-               _multilingual.unshift({
-                 lang: defaultLang,
-                 value: ''
-               });
+         pane.togglePane = function (d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event) d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-               localizedInputs.call(renderMultilingual);
-             }
+           _paneTooltip.hide();
+
+           context.ui().togglePanes(!_paneSelection.classed('shown') ? _paneSelection : undefined);
+         };
+
+         pane.renderToggleButton = function (selection) {
+           if (!_paneTooltip) {
+             _paneTooltip = uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(_description).keys([_key]);
+           }
+
+           selection.append('button').on('click', pane.togglePane).call(svgIcon('#' + _iconName, 'light')).call(_paneTooltip);
+         };
+
+         pane.renderContent = function (selection) {
+           // override to fully customize content
+           if (_sections) {
+             _sections.forEach(function (section) {
+               selection.call(section.render);
+             });
            }
+         };
 
-           function change(onInput) {
-             return function (d3_event) {
-               if (field.locked()) {
-                 d3_event.preventDefault();
-                 return;
-               }
+         pane.renderPane = function (selection) {
+           _paneSelection = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'fillL map-pane hide ' + id + '-pane').attr('pane', id);
 
-               var val = utilGetSetValue(select(this));
-               if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val); // don't override multiple values with blank string
+           var heading = _paneSelection.append('div').attr('class', 'pane-heading');
 
-               if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
-               var t = {};
-               t[field.key] = val || undefined;
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
-             };
-           }
-         }
+           heading.append('h2').html(_label);
+           heading.append('button').on('click', hidePane).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
 
-         function key(lang) {
-           return field.key + ':' + lang;
-         }
+           _paneSelection.append('div').attr('class', 'pane-content').call(pane.renderContent);
 
-         function changeLang(d3_event, d) {
-           var tags = {}; // make sure unrecognized suffixes are lowercase - #7156
+           if (_key) {
+             context.keybinding().on(_key, pane.togglePane);
+           }
+         };
 
-           var lang = utilGetSetValue(select(this)).toLowerCase();
+         return pane;
+       }
 
-           var language = _languagesArray.find(function (d) {
-             return d.label.toLowerCase() === lang || d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase() === lang || d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase() === lang;
-           });
+       function uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('background-display-options', context).label(_t.html('background.display_options')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-           if (language) lang = language.code;
+         var _detected = utilDetect();
 
-           if (d.lang && d.lang !== lang) {
-             tags[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
-           }
+         var _storedOpacity = corePreferences('background-opacity');
 
-           var newKey = lang && context.cleanTagKey(key(lang));
-           var value = utilGetSetValue(select(this.parentNode).selectAll('.localized-value'));
+         var _minVal = 0;
 
-           if (newKey && value) {
-             tags[newKey] = value;
-           } else if (newKey && _wikiTitles && _wikiTitles[d.lang]) {
-             tags[newKey] = _wikiTitles[d.lang];
-           }
+         var _maxVal = _detected.cssfilters ? 3 : 1;
 
-           d.lang = lang;
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, tags);
-         }
+         var _sliders = _detected.cssfilters ? ['brightness', 'contrast', 'saturation', 'sharpness'] : ['brightness'];
 
-         function changeValue(d3_event, d) {
-           if (!d.lang) return;
-           var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))) || undefined; // don't override multiple values with blank string
+         var _options = {
+           brightness: _storedOpacity !== null ? +_storedOpacity : 1,
+           contrast: 1,
+           saturation: 1,
+           sharpness: 1
+         };
 
-           if (!value && Array.isArray(d.value)) return;
-           var t = {};
-           t[key(d.lang)] = value;
-           d.value = value;
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
+         function clamp(x, min, max) {
+           return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
          }
 
-         function fetchLanguages(value, cb) {
-           var v = value.toLowerCase(); // show the user's language first
-
-           var langCodes = [_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), _mainLocalizer.languageCode()];
+         function updateValue(d, val) {
+           val = clamp(val, _minVal, _maxVal);
+           _options[d] = val;
+           context.background()[d](val);
 
-           if (_countryCode && _territoryLanguages[_countryCode]) {
-             langCodes = langCodes.concat(_territoryLanguages[_countryCode]);
+           if (d === 'brightness') {
+             corePreferences('background-opacity', val);
            }
 
-           var langItems = [];
-           langCodes.forEach(function (code) {
-             var langItem = _languagesArray.find(function (item) {
-               return item.code === code;
-             });
-
-             if (langItem) langItems.push(langItem);
-           });
-           langItems = utilArrayUniq(langItems.concat(_languagesArray));
-           cb(langItems.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.label.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d.code.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
-           }).map(function (d) {
-             return {
-               value: d.label
-             };
-           }));
+           section.reRender();
          }
 
-         function renderMultilingual(selection) {
-           var entries = selection.selectAll('div.entry').data(_multilingual, function (d) {
-             return d.lang;
-           });
-           entries.exit().style('top', '0').style('max-height', '240px').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').style('max-height', '0px').remove();
-           var entriesEnter = entries.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'entry').each(function (_, index) {
-             var wrap = select(this);
-             var domId = utilUniqueDomId(index);
-             var label = wrap.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', domId);
-             var text = label.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text');
-             text.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textvalue').html(_t.html('translate.localized_translation_label'));
-             text.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textannotation');
-             label.append('button').attr('class', 'remove-icon-multilingual').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-               if (field.locked()) return;
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-
-               if (!d.lang || !d.value) {
-                 _multilingual.splice(index, 1);
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.display-options-container').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'display-options-container controls-list'); // add slider controls
 
-                 renderMultilingual(selection);
-               } else {
-                 // remove from entity tags
-                 var t = {};
-                 t[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
-                 dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-               }
-             }).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
-             wrap.append('input').attr('class', 'localized-lang').attr('id', domId).attr('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language')).on('blur', changeLang).on('change', changeLang).call(langCombo);
-             wrap.append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'localized-value').on('blur', changeValue).on('change', changeValue);
+           var slidersEnter = containerEnter.selectAll('.display-control').data(_sliders).enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'display-control display-control-' + d;
            });
-           entriesEnter.style('margin-top', '0px').style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', '0').transition().duration(200).style('margin-top', '10px').style('max-height', '240px').style('opacity', '1').on('end', function () {
-             select(this).style('max-height', '').style('overflow', 'visible');
+           slidersEnter.append('h5').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('background.' + d);
+           }).append('span').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'display-option-value display-option-value-' + d;
            });
-           entries = entries.merge(entriesEnter);
-           entries.order();
-           entries.classed('present', function (d) {
-             return d.lang && d.value;
+           var sildersControlEnter = slidersEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'control-wrap');
+           sildersControlEnter.append('input').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'display-option-input display-option-input-' + d;
+           }).attr('type', 'range').attr('min', _minVal).attr('max', _maxVal).attr('step', '0.05').on('input', function (d3_event, d) {
+             var val = select(this).property('value');
+
+             if (!val && d3_event && d3_event.target) {
+               val = d3_event.target.value;
+             }
+
+             updateValue(d, val);
            });
-           utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-lang'), function (d) {
-             return _mainLocalizer.languageName(d.lang);
+           sildersControlEnter.append('button').attr('title', _t('background.reset')).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'display-option-reset display-option-reset-' + d;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+             updateValue(d, 1);
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo'))); // reset all button
+
+           containerEnter.append('a').attr('class', 'display-option-resetlink').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('background.reset_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < _sliders.length; i++) {
+               updateValue(_sliders[i], 1);
+             }
+           }); // update
+
+           container = containerEnter.merge(container);
+           container.selectAll('.display-option-input').property('value', function (d) {
+             return _options[d];
            });
-           utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-value'), function (d) {
-             return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
-           }).attr('title', function (d) {
-             return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null;
-           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
-             return Array.isArray(d.value) ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _t('translate.localized_translation_name');
-           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
-             return Array.isArray(d.value);
+           container.selectAll('.display-option-value').html(function (d) {
+             return Math.floor(_options[d] * 100) + '%';
            });
+           container.selectAll('.display-option-reset').classed('disabled', function (d) {
+             return _options[d] === 1;
+           }); // first time only, set brightness if needed
+
+           if (containerEnter.size() && _options.brightness !== 1) {
+             context.background().brightness(_options.brightness);
+           }
          }
 
-         localized.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags; // Fetch translations from wikipedia
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           if (typeof tags.wikipedia === 'string' && !_wikiTitles) {
-             _wikiTitles = {};
-             var wm = tags.wikipedia.match(/([^:]+):(.+)/);
+       function uiSettingsCustomBackground() {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
 
-             if (wm && wm[0] && wm[1]) {
-               wikipedia.translations(wm[1], wm[2], function (err, d) {
-                 if (err || !d) return;
-                 _wikiTitles = d;
-               });
-             }
-           }
+         function render(selection) {
+           // keep separate copies of original and current settings
+           var _origSettings = {
+             template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
+           };
+           var _currSettings = {
+             template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
+           };
+           var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
+           var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();
+           modal.classed('settings-modal settings-custom-background', true);
+           modal.select('.modal-section.header').append('h3').html(_t.html('settings.custom_background.header'));
+           var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');
+           var instructions = "".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.info'), "\n") + '\n' + "#### ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens_label'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.proj'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.wkid'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.dimensions'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.bbox'), "\n") + '\n' + "#### ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens_label'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.xyz'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.flipped_y'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.switch'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.quadtile'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.scale_factor'), "\n") + '\n' + "#### ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.example'), "\n") + "`".concat(example, "`");
+           textSection.append('div').attr('class', 'instructions-template').html(marked_1(instructions));
+           textSection.append('textarea').attr('class', 'field-template').attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_background.template.placeholder')).call(utilNoAuto).property('value', _currSettings.template); // insert a cancel button
 
-           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
-           utilGetSetValue(input, typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : '').attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder()).classed('mixed', isMixed);
-           calcMultilingual(tags);
+           var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');
+           buttonSection.insert('button', '.ok-button').attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action').html(_t.html('confirm.cancel'));
+           buttonSection.select('.cancel-button').on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
+           buttonSection.select('.ok-button').attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.save', clickSave);
 
-           _selection.call(localized);
-         };
+           function isSaveDisabled() {
+             return null;
+           } // restore the original template
 
-         localized.focus = function () {
-           input.node().focus();
-         };
 
-         localized.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           _multilingual = [];
-           loadCountryCode();
-           return localized;
-         };
+           function clickCancel() {
+             textSection.select('.field-template').property('value', _origSettings.template);
+             corePreferences('background-custom-template', _origSettings.template);
+             this.blur();
+             modal.close();
+           } // accept the current template
 
-         function loadCountryCode() {
-           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-           var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
-           _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
-         }
 
-         function combinedEntityExtent() {
-           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+           function clickSave() {
+             _currSettings.template = textSection.select('.field-template').property('value');
+             corePreferences('background-custom-template', _currSettings.template);
+             this.blur();
+             modal.close();
+             dispatch.call('change', this, _currSettings);
+           }
          }
 
-         return utilRebind(localized, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(render, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiFieldMaxspeed(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var unitInput = select(null);
-         var input = select(null);
-         var _entityIDs = [];
-
-         var _tags;
+       function uiSectionBackgroundList(context) {
+         var _backgroundList = select(null);
 
-         var _isImperial;
+         var _customSource = context.background().findSource('custom');
 
-         var speedCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'maxspeed');
-         var unitCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'maxspeed-unit').data(['km/h', 'mph'].map(comboValues));
-         var metricValues = [20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120];
-         var imperialValues = [5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80];
+         var _settingsCustomBackground = uiSettingsCustomBackground().on('change', customChanged);
 
-         function maxspeed(selection) {
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
-           input = wrap.selectAll('input.maxspeed-number').data([0]);
-           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'maxspeed-number').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).call(speedCombo).merge(input);
-           input.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
-           var loc = combinedEntityExtent().center();
-           _isImperial = roadSpeedUnit(loc) === 'mph';
-           unitInput = wrap.selectAll('input.maxspeed-unit').data([0]);
-           unitInput = unitInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'maxspeed-unit').call(unitCombo).merge(unitInput);
-           unitInput.on('blur', changeUnits).on('change', changeUnits);
+         var section = uiSection('background-list', context).label(_t.html('background.backgrounds')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-           function changeUnits() {
-             _isImperial = utilGetSetValue(unitInput) === 'mph';
-             utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
-             setUnitSuggestions();
-             change();
-           }
+         function previousBackgroundID() {
+           return corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle');
          }
 
-         function setUnitSuggestions() {
-           speedCombo.data((_isImperial ? imperialValues : metricValues).map(comboValues));
-           utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
-         }
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           // the background list
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-background-list').data([0]);
+           _backgroundList = container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-background-list').attr('dir', 'auto').merge(container); // add minimap toggle below list
 
-         function comboValues(d) {
-           return {
-             value: d.toString(),
-             title: d.toString()
-           };
-         }
+           var bgExtrasListEnter = selection.selectAll('.bg-extras-list').data([0]).enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list bg-extras-list');
+           var minimapLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'minimap-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.minimap.tooltip')).keys([_t('background.minimap.key')]).placement('top'));
+           minimapLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             uiMapInMap.toggle();
+           });
+           minimapLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('background.minimap.description'));
+           var panelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'background-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.background.key'))]).placement('top'));
+           panelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.ui().info.toggle('background');
+           });
+           panelLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('background.panel.description'));
+           var locPanelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'location-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.location_panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.location.key'))]).placement('top'));
+           locPanelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.ui().info.toggle('location');
+           });
+           locPanelLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('background.location_panel.description')); // "Info / Report a Problem" link
 
-         function change() {
-           var tag = {};
-           var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim(); // don't override multiple values with blank string
+           selection.selectAll('.imagery-faq').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'imagery-faq').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/FAQ.md#how-can-i-report-an-issue-with-background-imagery').append('span').html(_t.html('background.imagery_problem_faq'));
 
-           if (!value && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+           _backgroundList.call(drawListItems, 'radio', function (d3_event, d) {
+             chooseBackground(d);
+           }, function (d) {
+             return !d.isHidden() && !d.overlay;
+           });
+         }
 
-           if (!value) {
-             tag[field.key] = undefined;
-           } else if (isNaN(value) || !_isImperial) {
-             tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value);
-           } else {
-             tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value + ' mph');
-           }
+         function setTooltips(selection) {
+           selection.each(function (d, i, nodes) {
+             var item = select(this).select('label');
+             var span = item.select('span');
+             var placement = i < nodes.length / 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top';
+             var description = d.description();
+             var isOverflowing = span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth');
+             item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, tag);
+             if (d.id === previousBackgroundID()) {
+               item.call(uiTooltip().placement(placement).title('<div>' + _t.html('background.switch') + '</div>').keys([uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key'))]));
+             } else if (description || isOverflowing) {
+               item.call(uiTooltip().placement(placement).title(description || d.label()));
+             }
+           });
          }
 
-         maxspeed.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags;
-           var value = tags[field.key];
-           var isMixed = Array.isArray(value);
+         function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
+           var sources = context.background().sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true).filter(filter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1 : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1 : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
+           });
+           var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li') // We have to be a bit inefficient about reordering the list since
+           // arrow key navigation of radio values likes to work in the order
+           // they were added, not the display document order.
+           .data(sources, function (d, i) {
+             return d.id + '---' + i;
+           });
+           layerLinks.exit().remove();
+           var enter = layerLinks.enter().append('li').classed('layer-custom', function (d) {
+             return d.id === 'custom';
+           }).classed('best', function (d) {
+             return d.best();
+           });
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', 'background-layer').attr('value', function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }).on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return d.label();
+           });
+           enter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.id === 'custom';
+           }).append('button').attr('class', 'layer-browse').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('settings.custom_background.tooltip')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             editCustom();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));
+           enter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.best();
+           }).append('div').attr('class', 'best').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.best_imagery')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).append('span').html('&#9733;');
+           layerList.call(updateLayerSelections);
+         }
 
-           if (!isMixed) {
-             if (value && value.indexOf('mph') >= 0) {
-               value = parseInt(value, 10).toString();
-               _isImperial = true;
-             } else if (value) {
-               _isImperial = false;
-             }
+         function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
+           function active(d) {
+             return context.background().showsLayer(d);
            }
 
-           setUnitSuggestions();
-           utilGetSetValue(input, typeof value === 'string' ? value : '').attr('title', isMixed ? value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder()).classed('mixed', isMixed);
-         };
-
-         maxspeed.focus = function () {
-           input.node().focus();
-         };
+           selection.selectAll('li').classed('active', active).classed('switch', function (d) {
+             return d.id === previousBackgroundID();
+           }).call(setTooltips).selectAll('input').property('checked', active);
+         }
 
-         maxspeed.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           _entityIDs = val;
-         };
+         function chooseBackground(d) {
+           if (d.id === 'custom' && !d.template()) {
+             return editCustom();
+           }
 
-         function combinedEntityExtent() {
-           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+           var previousBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
+           corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', previousBackground.id);
+           corePreferences('background-last-used', d.id);
+           context.background().baseLayerSource(d);
          }
 
-         return utilRebind(maxspeed, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       function uiFieldRadio(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var placeholder = select(null);
-         var wrap = select(null);
-         var labels = select(null);
-         var radios = select(null);
-         var radioData = (field.options || field.strings && field.strings.options && Object.keys(field.strings.options) || field.keys).slice(); // shallow copy
+         function customChanged(d) {
+           if (d && d.template) {
+             _customSource.template(d.template);
 
-         var typeField;
-         var layerField;
-         var _oldType = {};
-         var _entityIDs = [];
+             chooseBackground(_customSource);
+           } else {
+             _customSource.template('');
 
-         function selectedKey() {
-           var node = wrap.selectAll('.form-field-input-radio label.active input');
-           return !node.empty() && node.datum();
+             chooseBackground(context.background().findSource('none'));
+           }
          }
 
-         function radio(selection) {
-           selection.classed('preset-radio', true);
-           wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           var enter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-radio');
-           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'placeholder');
-           wrap = wrap.merge(enter);
-           placeholder = wrap.selectAll('.placeholder');
-           labels = wrap.selectAll('label').data(radioData);
-           enter = labels.enter().append('label');
-           enter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', field.id).attr('value', function (d) {
-             return field.t('options.' + d, {
-               'default': d
-             });
-           }).attr('checked', false);
-           enter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return field.t.html('options.' + d, {
-               'default': d
-             });
-           });
-           labels = labels.merge(enter);
-           radios = labels.selectAll('input').on('change', changeRadio);
+         function editCustom() {
+           context.container().call(_settingsCustomBackground);
          }
 
-         function structureExtras(selection, tags) {
-           var selected = selectedKey() || tags.layer !== undefined;
-           var type = _mainPresetIndex.field(selected);
-           var layer = _mainPresetIndex.field('layer');
-           var showLayer = selected === 'bridge' || selected === 'tunnel' || tags.layer !== undefined;
-           var extrasWrap = selection.selectAll('.structure-extras-wrap').data(selected ? [0] : []);
-           extrasWrap.exit().remove();
-           extrasWrap = extrasWrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'structure-extras-wrap').merge(extrasWrap);
-           var list = extrasWrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
-           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(list); // Type
-
-           if (type) {
-             if (!typeField || typeField.id !== selected) {
-               typeField = uiField(context, type, _entityIDs, {
-                 wrap: false
-               }).on('change', changeType);
-             }
-
-             typeField.tags(tags);
-           } else {
-             typeField = null;
-           }
+         context.background().on('change.background_list', function () {
+           _backgroundList.call(updateLayerSelections);
+         });
+         context.map().on('move.background_list', debounce(function () {
+           // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           var typeItem = list.selectAll('.structure-type-item').data(typeField ? [typeField] : [], function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // Exit
+       function uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('background-offset', context).label(_t.html('background.fix_misalignment')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
 
-           typeItem.exit().remove(); // Enter
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-           var typeEnter = typeItem.enter().insert('li', ':first-child').attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-type-item');
-           typeEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label structure-label-type').attr('for', 'preset-input-' + selected).html(_t.html('inspector.radio.structure.type'));
-           typeEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'structure-input-type-wrap'); // Update
+         var _directions = [['top', [0, -0.5]], ['left', [-0.5, 0]], ['right', [0.5, 0]], ['bottom', [0, 0.5]]];
 
-           typeItem = typeItem.merge(typeEnter);
+         function updateValue() {
+           var meters = geoOffsetToMeters(context.background().offset());
+           var x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
+           var y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);
+           context.container().selectAll('.nudge-inner-rect').select('input').classed('error', false).property('value', x + ', ' + y);
+           context.container().selectAll('.nudge-reset').classed('disabled', function () {
+             return x === 0 && y === 0;
+           });
+         }
 
-           if (typeField) {
-             typeItem.selectAll('.structure-input-type-wrap').call(typeField.render);
-           } // Layer
+         function resetOffset() {
+           context.background().offset([0, 0]);
+           updateValue();
+         }
 
+         function nudge(d) {
+           context.background().nudge(d, context.map().zoom());
+           updateValue();
+         }
 
-           if (layer && showLayer) {
-             if (!layerField) {
-               layerField = uiField(context, layer, _entityIDs, {
-                 wrap: false
-               }).on('change', changeLayer);
-             }
+         function inputOffset() {
+           var input = select(this);
+           var d = input.node().value;
+           if (d === '') return resetOffset();
+           d = d.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',').map(function (n) {
+             // if n is NaN, it will always get mapped to false.
+             return !isNaN(n) && n;
+           });
 
-             layerField.tags(tags);
-             field.keys = utilArrayUnion(field.keys, ['layer']);
-           } else {
-             layerField = null;
-             field.keys = field.keys.filter(function (k) {
-               return k !== 'layer';
-             });
+           if (d.length !== 2 || !d[0] || !d[1]) {
+             input.classed('error', true);
+             return;
            }
 
-           var layerItem = list.selectAll('.structure-layer-item').data(layerField ? [layerField] : []); // Exit
+           context.background().offset(geoMetersToOffset(d));
+           updateValue();
+         }
 
-           layerItem.exit().remove(); // Enter
+         function dragOffset(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+           var origin = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY];
+           var pointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+           context.container().append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-surface');
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag-bg-offset', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);
 
-           var layerEnter = layerItem.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-layer-item');
-           layerEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label structure-label-layer').attr('for', 'preset-input-layer').html(_t.html('inspector.radio.structure.layer'));
-           layerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'structure-input-layer-wrap'); // Update
+           if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
+             select(window).on('pointercancel.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);
+           }
 
-           layerItem = layerItem.merge(layerEnter);
+           function pointermove(d3_event) {
+             if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             var latest = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY];
+             var d = [-(origin[0] - latest[0]) / 4, -(origin[1] - latest[1]) / 4];
+             origin = latest;
+             nudge(d);
+           }
 
-           if (layerField) {
-             layerItem.selectAll('.structure-input-layer-wrap').call(layerField.render);
+           function pointerup(d3_event) {
+             if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+             context.container().selectAll('.nudge-surface').remove();
+             select(window).on('.drag-bg-offset', null);
            }
          }
 
-         function changeType(t, onInput) {
-           var key = selectedKey();
-           if (!key) return;
-           var val = t[key];
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.nudge-container').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-container');
+           containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-instructions').html(_t.html('background.offset'));
+           var nudgeWrapEnter = containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-controls-wrap');
+           var nudgeEnter = nudgeWrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-outer-rect').on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', dragOffset);
+           nudgeEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-inner-rect').append('input').attr('type', 'text').on('change', inputOffset);
+           nudgeWrapEnter.append('div').selectAll('button').data(_directions).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return d[0] + ' nudge';
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             nudge(d[1]);
+           });
+           nudgeWrapEnter.append('button').attr('title', _t('background.reset')).attr('class', 'nudge-reset disabled').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             resetOffset();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')));
+           updateValue();
+         }
 
-           if (val !== 'no') {
-             _oldType[key] = val;
-           }
+         context.background().on('change.backgroundOffset-update', updateValue);
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
-             // remove layer if it should not be set
-             if (val === 'no' || key !== 'bridge' && key !== 'tunnel' || key === 'tunnel' && val === 'building_passage') {
-               t.layer = undefined;
-             } // add layer if it should be set
+       function uiSectionOverlayList(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('overlay-list', context).label(_t.html('background.overlays')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
+         var _overlayList = select(null);
 
-             if (t.layer === undefined) {
-               if (key === 'bridge' && val !== 'no') {
-                 t.layer = '1';
-               }
+         function setTooltips(selection) {
+           selection.each(function (d, i, nodes) {
+             var item = select(this).select('label');
+             var span = item.select('span');
+             var placement = i < nodes.length / 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top';
+             var description = d.description();
+             var isOverflowing = span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth');
+             item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
 
-               if (key === 'tunnel' && val !== 'no' && val !== 'building_passage') {
-                 t.layer = '-1';
-               }
+             if (description || isOverflowing) {
+               item.call(uiTooltip().placement(placement).title(description || d.name()));
              }
-           }
-
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
+           });
          }
 
-         function changeLayer(t, onInput) {
-           if (t.layer === '0') {
-             t.layer = undefined;
+         function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
+           function active(d) {
+             return context.background().showsLayer(d);
            }
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
+           selection.selectAll('li').classed('active', active).call(setTooltips).selectAll('input').property('checked', active);
          }
 
-         function changeRadio() {
-           var t = {};
-           var activeKey;
+         function chooseOverlay(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
 
-           if (field.key) {
-             t[field.key] = undefined;
-           }
+           _overlayList.call(updateLayerSelections);
 
-           radios.each(function (d) {
-             var active = select(this).property('checked');
-             if (active) activeKey = d;
+           document.activeElement.blur();
+         }
 
-             if (field.key) {
-               if (active) t[field.key] = d;
-             } else {
-               var val = _oldType[activeKey] || 'yes';
-               t[d] = active ? val : undefined;
-             }
+         function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
+           var sources = context.background().sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true).filter(filter);
+           var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li').data(sources, function (d) {
+             return d.name();
+           });
+           layerLinks.exit().remove();
+           var enter = layerLinks.enter().append('li');
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', 'layers').on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return d.label();
            });
+           layerList.selectAll('li').sort(sortSources);
+           layerList.call(updateLayerSelections);
 
-           if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
-             if (activeKey === 'bridge') {
-               t.layer = '1';
-             } else if (activeKey === 'tunnel' && t.tunnel !== 'building_passage') {
-               t.layer = '-1';
-             } else {
-               t.layer = undefined;
-             }
+           function sortSources(a, b) {
+             return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1 : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1 : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
            }
-
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
          }
 
-         radio.tags = function (tags) {
-           radios.property('checked', function (d) {
-             if (field.key) {
-               return tags[field.key] === d;
-             }
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay-list').data([0]);
+           _overlayList = container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-overlay-list').attr('dir', 'auto').merge(container);
 
-             return !!(typeof tags[d] === 'string' && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
+           _overlayList.call(drawListItems, 'checkbox', chooseOverlay, function (d) {
+             return !d.isHidden() && d.overlay;
            });
+         }
 
-           function isMixed(d) {
-             if (field.key) {
-               return Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d);
-             }
+         context.map().on('move.overlay_list', debounce(function () {
+           // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-             return Array.isArray(tags[d]);
-           }
+       function uiPaneBackground(context) {
+         var backgroundPane = uiPane('background', context).key(_t('background.key')).label(_t.html('background.title')).description(_t.html('background.description')).iconName('iD-icon-layers').sections([uiSectionBackgroundList(context), uiSectionOverlayList(context), uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context), uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context)]);
+         return backgroundPane;
+       }
 
-           labels.classed('active', function (d) {
-             if (field.key) {
-               return Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d) || tags[field.key] === d;
-             }
+       function uiPaneHelp(context) {
+         var docKeys = [['help', ['welcome', 'open_data_h', 'open_data', 'before_start_h', 'before_start', 'open_source_h', 'open_source', 'open_source_help']], ['overview', ['navigation_h', 'navigation_drag', 'navigation_zoom', 'features_h', 'features', 'nodes_ways']], ['editing', ['select_h', 'select_left_click', 'select_right_click', 'select_space', 'multiselect_h', 'multiselect', 'multiselect_shift_click', 'multiselect_lasso', 'undo_redo_h', 'undo_redo', 'save_h', 'save', 'save_validation', 'upload_h', 'upload', 'backups_h', 'backups', 'keyboard_h', 'keyboard']], ['feature_editor', ['intro', 'definitions', 'type_h', 'type', 'type_picker', 'fields_h', 'fields_all_fields', 'fields_example', 'fields_add_field', 'tags_h', 'tags_all_tags', 'tags_resources']], ['points', ['intro', 'add_point_h', 'add_point', 'add_point_finish', 'move_point_h', 'move_point', 'delete_point_h', 'delete_point', 'delete_point_command']], ['lines', ['intro', 'add_line_h', 'add_line', 'add_line_draw', 'add_line_continue', 'add_line_finish', 'modify_line_h', 'modify_line_dragnode', 'modify_line_addnode', 'connect_line_h', 'connect_line', 'connect_line_display', 'connect_line_drag', 'connect_line_tag', 'disconnect_line_h', 'disconnect_line_command', 'move_line_h', 'move_line_command', 'move_line_connected', 'delete_line_h', 'delete_line', 'delete_line_command']], ['areas', ['intro', 'point_or_area_h', 'point_or_area', 'add_area_h', 'add_area_command', 'add_area_draw', 'add_area_continue', 'add_area_finish', 'square_area_h', 'square_area_command', 'modify_area_h', 'modify_area_dragnode', 'modify_area_addnode', 'delete_area_h', 'delete_area', 'delete_area_command']], ['relations', ['intro', 'edit_relation_h', 'edit_relation', 'edit_relation_add', 'edit_relation_delete', 'maintain_relation_h', 'maintain_relation', 'relation_types_h', 'multipolygon_h', 'multipolygon', 'multipolygon_create', 'multipolygon_merge', 'turn_restriction_h', 'turn_restriction', 'turn_restriction_field', 'turn_restriction_editing', 'route_h', 'route', 'route_add', 'boundary_h', 'boundary', 'boundary_add']], ['operations', ['intro', 'intro_2', 'straighten', 'orthogonalize', 'circularize', 'move', 'rotate', 'reflect', 'continue', 'reverse', 'disconnect', 'split', 'extract', 'merge', 'delete', 'downgrade', 'copy_paste']], ['notes', ['intro', 'add_note_h', 'add_note', 'place_note', 'move_note', 'update_note_h', 'update_note', 'save_note_h', 'save_note']], ['imagery', ['intro', 'sources_h', 'choosing', 'sources', 'offsets_h', 'offset', 'offset_change']], ['streetlevel', ['intro', 'using_h', 'using', 'photos', 'viewer']], ['gps', ['intro', 'survey', 'using_h', 'using', 'tracing', 'upload']], ['qa', ['intro', 'tools_h', 'tools', 'issues_h', 'issues']]];
+         var headings = {
+           'help.help.open_data_h': 3,
+           'help.help.before_start_h': 3,
+           'help.help.open_source_h': 3,
+           'help.overview.navigation_h': 3,
+           'help.overview.features_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.select_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.multiselect_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.undo_redo_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.save_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.upload_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.backups_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.keyboard_h': 3,
+           'help.feature_editor.type_h': 3,
+           'help.feature_editor.fields_h': 3,
+           'help.feature_editor.tags_h': 3,
+           'help.points.add_point_h': 3,
+           'help.points.move_point_h': 3,
+           'help.points.delete_point_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.add_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.modify_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.connect_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.disconnect_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.move_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.delete_line_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.point_or_area_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.add_area_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.square_area_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.modify_area_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.delete_area_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.edit_relation_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.maintain_relation_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.relation_types_h': 2,
+           'help.relations.multipolygon_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.turn_restriction_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.route_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.boundary_h': 3,
+           'help.notes.add_note_h': 3,
+           'help.notes.update_note_h': 3,
+           'help.notes.save_note_h': 3,
+           'help.imagery.sources_h': 3,
+           'help.imagery.offsets_h': 3,
+           'help.streetlevel.using_h': 3,
+           'help.gps.using_h': 3,
+           'help.qa.tools_h': 3,
+           'help.qa.issues_h': 3
+         }; // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
 
-             return Array.isArray(tags[d]) || !!(tags[d] && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
-           }).classed('mixed', isMixed).attr('title', function (d) {
-             return isMixed(d) ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
-           });
-           var selection = radios.filter(function () {
-             return this.checked;
-           });
+         var docs = docKeys.map(function (key) {
+           var helpkey = 'help.' + key[0];
+           var helpPaneReplacements = {
+             version: context.version
+           };
+           var text = key[1].reduce(function (all, part) {
+             var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
+             var depth = headings[subkey]; // is this subkey a heading?
 
-           if (selection.empty()) {
-             placeholder.html(_t.html('inspector.none'));
-           } else {
-             placeholder.html(selection.attr('value'));
-             _oldType[selection.datum()] = tags[selection.datum()];
-           }
+             var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : ''; // if so, prepend with some ##'s
 
-           if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
-             // For waterways without a tunnel tag, set 'culvert' as
-             // the _oldType to default to if the user picks 'tunnel'
-             if (!!tags.waterway && !_oldType.tunnel) {
-               _oldType.tunnel = 'culvert';
+             return all + hhh + helpHtml(subkey, helpPaneReplacements) + '\n\n';
+           }, '');
+           return {
+             title: _t.html(helpkey + '.title'),
+             content: marked_1(text.trim()) // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
+             .replace(/<code>/g, '<kbd>').replace(/<\/code>/g, '<\/kbd>')
+           };
+         });
+         var helpPane = uiPane('help', context).key(_t('help.key')).label(_t.html('help.title')).description(_t.html('help.title')).iconName('iD-icon-help');
+
+         helpPane.renderContent = function (content) {
+           function clickHelp(d, i) {
+             var rtl = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
+             content.property('scrollTop', 0);
+             helpPane.selection().select('.pane-heading h2').html(d.title);
+             body.html(d.content);
+             body.selectAll('a').attr('target', '_blank');
+             menuItems.classed('selected', function (m) {
+               return m.title === d.title;
+             });
+             nav.html('');
+
+             if (rtl) {
+               nav.call(drawNext).call(drawPrevious);
+             } else {
+               nav.call(drawPrevious).call(drawNext);
              }
 
-             wrap.call(structureExtras, tags);
+             function drawNext(selection) {
+               if (i < docs.length - 1) {
+                 var nextLink = selection.append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'next').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+                   d3_event.preventDefault();
+                   clickHelp(docs[i + 1], i + 1);
+                 });
+                 nextLink.append('span').html(docs[i + 1].title).call(svgIcon(rtl ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward', 'inline'));
+               }
+             }
+
+             function drawPrevious(selection) {
+               if (i > 0) {
+                 var prevLink = selection.append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'previous').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+                   d3_event.preventDefault();
+                   clickHelp(docs[i - 1], i - 1);
+                 });
+                 prevLink.call(svgIcon(rtl ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward', 'inline')).append('span').html(docs[i - 1].title);
+               }
+             }
            }
-         };
 
-         radio.focus = function () {
-           radios.node().focus();
-         };
+           function clickWalkthrough(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (context.inIntro()) return;
+             context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
+             context.ui().togglePanes();
+           }
 
-         radio.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           _oldType = {};
-           return radio;
-         };
+           function clickShortcuts(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.container().call(context.ui().shortcuts, true);
+           }
 
-         radio.isAllowed = function () {
-           return _entityIDs.length === 1;
+           var toc = content.append('ul').attr('class', 'toc');
+           var menuItems = toc.selectAll('li').data(docs).enter().append('li').append('a').attr('href', '#').html(function (d) {
+             return d.title;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             clickHelp(d, docs.indexOf(d));
+           });
+           var shortcuts = toc.append('li').attr('class', 'shortcuts').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('shortcuts.tooltip')).keys(['?']).placement('top')).append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', clickShortcuts);
+           shortcuts.append('div').html(_t.html('shortcuts.title'));
+           var walkthrough = toc.append('li').attr('class', 'walkthrough').append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', clickWalkthrough);
+           walkthrough.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+           walkthrough.append('div').html(_t.html('splash.walkthrough'));
+           var helpContent = content.append('div').attr('class', 'left-content');
+           var body = helpContent.append('div').attr('class', 'body');
+           var nav = helpContent.append('div').attr('class', 'nav');
+           clickHelp(docs[0], 0);
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(radio, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return helpPane;
        }
 
-       function uiFieldRestrictions(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var breathe = behaviorBreathe();
-         corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way', null); // remove old key
-
-         var storedViaWay = corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0'); // use new key #6922
+       function uiSectionValidationIssues(id, severity, context) {
+         var _issues = [];
+         var section = uiSection(id, context).label(function () {
+           if (!_issues) return '';
+           var issueCountText = _issues.length > 1000 ? '1000+' : String(_issues.length);
+           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: _t.html('issues.' + severity + 's.list_title'),
+             count: issueCountText
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           return _issues && _issues.length;
+         });
 
-         var storedDistance = corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance');
+         function getOptions() {
+           return {
+             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
+             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
+           };
+         } // get and cache the issues to display, unordered
 
-         var _maxViaWay = storedViaWay !== null ? +storedViaWay : 0;
 
-         var _maxDistance = storedDistance ? +storedDistance : 30;
+         function reloadIssues() {
+           _issues = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity(getOptions())[severity];
+         }
 
-         var _initialized = false;
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var center = context.map().center();
+           var graph = context.graph(); // sort issues by distance away from the center of the map
 
-         var _parent = select(null); // the entire field
+           var issues = _issues.map(function withDistance(issue) {
+             var extent = issue.extent(graph);
+             var dist = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(center, extent.center()) : 0;
+             return Object.assign(issue, {
+               dist: dist
+             });
+           }).sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           }); // cut off at 1000
 
 
-         var _container = select(null); // just the map
+           issues = issues.slice(0, 1000); //renderIgnoredIssuesReset(_warningsSelection);
 
+           selection.call(drawIssuesList, issues);
+         }
 
-         var _oldTurns;
+         function drawIssuesList(selection, issues) {
+           var list = selection.selectAll('.issues-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list issues-list ' + severity + 's-list').merge(list);
+           var items = list.selectAll('li').data(issues, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // Exit
 
-         var _graph;
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-         var _vertexID;
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'issue severity-' + d.severity;
+           });
+           var labelsEnter = itemsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'issue-label').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             context.validator().focusIssue(d);
+           }).on('mouseover', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
+           }).on('mouseout', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
+           });
+           var textEnter = labelsEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-text');
+           textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-icon').each(function (d) {
+             var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
+             select(this).call(svgIcon(iconName));
+           });
+           textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-message');
+           /*
+           labelsEnter
+               .append('span')
+               .attr('class', 'issue-autofix')
+               .each(function(d) {
+                   if (!d.autoFix) return;
+                    d3_select(this)
+                       .append('button')
+                       .attr('title', t('issues.fix_one.title'))
+                       .datum(d.autoFix)  // set button datum to the autofix
+                       .attr('class', 'autofix action')
+                       .on('click', function(d3_event, d) {
+                           d3_event.preventDefault();
+                           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                            var issuesEntityIDs = d.issue.entityIds;
+                           utilHighlightEntities(issuesEntityIDs.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);
+                            context.perform.apply(context, d.autoArgs);
+                           context.validator().validate();
+                       })
+                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));
+               });
+           */
+           // Update
 
-         var _intersection;
+           items = items.merge(itemsEnter).order();
+           items.selectAll('.issue-message').html(function (d) {
+             return d.message(context);
+           });
+           /*
+           // autofix
+           var canAutoFix = issues.filter(function(issue) { return issue.autoFix; });
+            var autoFixAll = selection.selectAll('.autofix-all')
+               .data(canAutoFix.length ? [0] : []);
+            // exit
+           autoFixAll.exit()
+               .remove();
+            // enter
+           var autoFixAllEnter = autoFixAll.enter()
+               .insert('div', '.issues-list')
+               .attr('class', 'autofix-all');
+            var linkEnter = autoFixAllEnter
+               .append('a')
+               .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link')
+               .attr('href', '#');
+            linkEnter
+               .append('span')
+               .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-text')
+               .html(t.html('issues.fix_all.title'));
+            linkEnter
+               .append('span')
+               .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-icon')
+               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));
+            if (severity === 'warning') {
+               renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
+           }
+            // update
+           autoFixAll = autoFixAll
+               .merge(autoFixAllEnter);
+            autoFixAll.selectAll('.autofix-all-link')
+               .on('click', function() {
+                   context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+                   context.perform(actionNoop());
+                   canAutoFix.forEach(function(issue) {
+                       var args = issue.autoFix.autoArgs.slice();  // copy
+                       if (typeof args[args.length - 1] !== 'function') {
+                           args.pop();
+                       }
+                       args.push(t('issues.fix_all.annotation'));
+                       context.replace.apply(context, args);
+                   });
+                   context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+                   context.validator().validate();
+               });
+           */
+         }
 
-         var _fromWayID;
+         context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id, function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             reloadIssues();
+             section.reRender();
+           });
+         });
+         context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id, debounce(function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             if (getOptions().where === 'visible') {
+               // must refetch issues if they are viewport-dependent
+               reloadIssues();
+             } // always reload list to re-sort-by-distance
 
-         var _lastXPos;
 
-         function restrictions(selection) {
-           _parent = selection; // try to reuse the intersection, but always rebuild it if the graph has changed
+             section.reRender();
+           });
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           if (_vertexID && (context.graph() !== _graph || !_intersection)) {
-             _graph = context.graph();
-             _intersection = osmIntersection(_graph, _vertexID, _maxDistance);
-           } // It's possible for there to be no actual intersection here.
-           // for example, a vertex of two `highway=path`
-           // In this case, hide the field.
+       function uiSectionValidationOptions(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('issues-options', context).content(renderContent);
 
+         function renderContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-options-container').data([0]);
+           container = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issues-options-container').merge(container);
+           var data = [{
+             key: 'what',
+             values: ['edited', 'all']
+           }, {
+             key: 'where',
+             values: ['visible', 'all']
+           }];
+           var options = container.selectAll('.issues-option').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           });
+           var optionsEnter = options.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'issues-option issues-option-' + d.key;
+           });
+           optionsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issues-option-title').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('issues.options.' + d.key + '.title');
+           });
+           var valuesEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('label').data(function (d) {
+             return d.values.map(function (val) {
+               return {
+                 value: val,
+                 key: d.key
+               };
+             });
+           }).enter().append('label');
+           valuesEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', function (d) {
+             return 'issues-option-' + d.key;
+           }).attr('value', function (d) {
+             return d.value;
+           }).property('checked', function (d) {
+             return getOptions()[d.key] === d.value;
+           }).on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             updateOptionValue(d3_event, d.key, d.value);
+           });
+           valuesEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('issues.options.' + d.key + '.' + d.value);
+           });
+         }
 
-           var isOK = _intersection && _intersection.vertices.length && // has vertices
-           _intersection.vertices // has the vertex that the user selected
-           .filter(function (vertex) {
-             return vertex.id === _vertexID;
-           }).length && _intersection.ways.length > 2 && // has more than 2 ways
-           _intersection.ways // has more than 1 TO way
-           .filter(function (way) {
-             return way.__to;
-           }).length > 1; // Also hide in the case where
+         function getOptions() {
+           return {
+             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
+             // 'all', 'edited'
+             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all' // 'all', 'visible'
 
-           select(selection.node().parentNode).classed('hide', !isOK); // if form field is hidden or has detached from dom, clean up.
+           };
+         }
 
-           if (!isOK || !context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() || !selection.node().parentNode || !selection.node().parentNode.parentNode) {
-             selection.call(restrictions.off);
-             return;
+         function updateOptionValue(d3_event, d, val) {
+           if (!val && d3_event && d3_event.target) {
+             val = d3_event.target.value;
            }
 
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
-           var container = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-container').data([0]); // enter
-
-           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-container');
-           containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-help'); // update
-
-           _container = containerEnter.merge(container).call(renderViewer);
-           var controls = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-controls').data([0]); // enter/update
-
-           controls.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-controls-container').append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-controls').merge(controls).call(renderControls);
+           corePreferences('validate-' + d, val);
+           context.validator().validate();
          }
 
-         function renderControls(selection) {
-           var distControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance').data([0]);
-           distControl.exit().remove();
-           var distControlEnter = distControl.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-distance');
-           distControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-distance-label').html(_t.html('restriction.controls.distance') + ':');
-           distControlEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'restriction-distance-input').attr('type', 'range').attr('min', '20').attr('max', '50').attr('step', '5');
-           distControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-distance-text'); // update
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-input').property('value', _maxDistance).on('input', function () {
-             var val = select(this).property('value');
-             _maxDistance = +val;
-             _intersection = null;
+       function uiSectionValidationRules(context) {
+         var MINSQUARE = 0;
+         var MAXSQUARE = 20;
+         var DEFAULTSQUARE = 5; // see also unsquare_way.js
 
-             _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
+         var section = uiSection('issues-rules', context).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).label(_t.html('issues.rules.title'));
 
-             corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance', _maxDistance);
+         var _ruleKeys = context.validator().getRuleKeys().filter(function (key) {
+           return key !== 'maprules';
+         }).sort(function (key1, key2) {
+           // alphabetize by localized title
+           return _t('issues.' + key1 + '.title') < _t('issues.' + key2 + '.title') ? -1 : 1;
+         });
 
-             _parent.call(restrictions);
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-rulelist-container').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issues-rulelist-container');
+           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list issue-rules-list');
+           var ruleLinks = containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-rules-links section-footer');
+           ruleLinks.append('a').attr('class', 'issue-rules-link').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('issues.disable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.validator().disableRules(_ruleKeys);
            });
-           selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-text').html(displayMaxDistance(_maxDistance));
-           var viaControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way').data([0]);
-           viaControl.exit().remove();
-           var viaControlEnter = viaControl.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-via-way');
-           viaControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-via-way-label').html(_t.html('restriction.controls.via') + ':');
-           viaControlEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-input').attr('type', 'range').attr('min', '0').attr('max', '2').attr('step', '1');
-           viaControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-text'); // update
-
-           selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-input').property('value', _maxViaWay).on('input', function () {
-             var val = select(this).property('value');
-             _maxViaWay = +val;
-
-             _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
-
-             corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0', _maxViaWay);
+           ruleLinks.append('a').attr('class', 'issue-rules-link').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('issues.enable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.validator().disableRules([]);
+           }); // Update
 
-             _parent.call(restrictions);
-           });
-           selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-text').html(displayMaxVia(_maxViaWay));
+           container = container.merge(containerEnter);
+           container.selectAll('.issue-rules-list').call(drawListItems, _ruleKeys, 'checkbox', 'rule', toggleRule, isRuleEnabled);
          }
 
-         function renderViewer(selection) {
-           if (!_intersection) return;
-           var vgraph = _intersection.graph;
-           var filter = utilFunctor(true);
-           var projection = geoRawMercator(); // Reflow warning: `utilGetDimensions` calls `getBoundingClientRect`
-           // Instead of asking the restriction-container for its dimensions,
-           //  we can ask the .sidebar, which can have its dimensions cached.
-           // width: calc as sidebar - padding
-           // height: hardcoded (from `80_app.css`)
-           // var d = utilGetDimensions(selection);
+         function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
+           var items = selection.selectAll('li').data(data); // Exit
 
-           var sdims = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'));
-           var d = [sdims[0] - 50, 370];
-           var c = geoVecScale(d, 0.5);
-           var z = 22;
-           projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z)); // Calculate extent of all key vertices
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-           var extent = geoExtent();
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li');
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < _intersection.vertices.length; i++) {
-             extent._extend(_intersection.vertices[i].extent());
-           } // If this is a large intersection, adjust zoom to fit extent
+           if (name === 'rule') {
+             enter.call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
+               return _t.html('issues.' + d + '.tip');
+             }).placement('top'));
+           }
 
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', name).on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             var params = {};
 
-           if (_intersection.vertices.length > 1) {
-             var padding = 180; // in z22 pixels
+             if (d === 'unsquare_way') {
+               params.val = '<span class="square-degrees"></span>';
+             }
 
-             var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
-             var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]);
-             var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / (d[0] - padding);
-             var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / (d[1] - padding);
-             var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
-             var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
-             z = z - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);
-             projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z));
-           }
+             return _t.html('issues.' + d + '.title', params);
+           }); // Update
 
-           var padTop = 35; // reserve top space for hint text
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           items.classed('active', active).selectAll('input').property('checked', active).property('indeterminate', false); // user-configurable square threshold
 
-           var extentCenter = projection(extent.center());
-           extentCenter[1] = extentCenter[1] - padTop;
-           projection.translate(geoVecSubtract(c, extentCenter)).clipExtent([[0, 0], d]);
-           var drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context).only(['osm', 'touch']).dimensions(d);
-           var drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
-           var drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
-           var drawTurns = svgTurns(projection, context);
-           var firstTime = selection.selectAll('.surface').empty();
-           selection.call(drawLayers);
-           var surface = selection.selectAll('.surface').classed('tr', true);
+           var degStr = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
 
-           if (firstTime) {
-             _initialized = true;
-             surface.call(breathe);
-           } // This can happen if we've lowered the detail while a FROM way
-           // is selected, and that way is no longer part of the intersection.
+           if (degStr === null) {
+             degStr = DEFAULTSQUARE.toString();
+           }
 
+           var span = items.selectAll('.square-degrees');
+           var input = span.selectAll('.square-degrees-input').data([0]); // enter / update
 
-           if (_fromWayID && !vgraph.hasEntity(_fromWayID)) {
-             _fromWayID = null;
-             _oldTurns = null;
-           }
+           input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'number').attr('min', MINSQUARE.toString()).attr('max', MAXSQUARE.toString()).attr('step', '0.5').attr('class', 'square-degrees-input').call(utilNoAuto).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             this.select();
+           }).on('keyup', function (d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13) {
+               // ↩ Return
+               this.blur();
+               this.select();
+             }
+           }).on('blur', changeSquare).merge(input).property('value', degStr);
+         }
 
-           surface.call(utilSetDimensions, d).call(drawVertices, vgraph, _intersection.vertices, filter, extent, z).call(drawLines, vgraph, _intersection.ways, filter).call(drawTurns, vgraph, _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, _maxViaWay));
-           surface.on('click.restrictions', click).on('mouseover.restrictions', mouseover);
-           surface.selectAll('.selected').classed('selected', false);
-           surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
-           var way;
+         function changeSquare() {
+           var input = select(this);
+           var degStr = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
+           var degNum = parseFloat(degStr, 10);
 
-           if (_fromWayID) {
-             way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
-             surface.selectAll('.' + _fromWayID).classed('selected', true).classed('related', true);
+           if (!isFinite(degNum)) {
+             degNum = DEFAULTSQUARE;
+           } else if (degNum > MAXSQUARE) {
+             degNum = MAXSQUARE;
+           } else if (degNum < MINSQUARE) {
+             degNum = MINSQUARE;
            }
 
-           document.addEventListener('resizeWindow', function () {
-             utilSetDimensions(_container, null);
-             redraw(1);
-           }, false);
-           updateHints(null);
+           degNum = Math.round(degNum * 10) / 10; // round to 1 decimal
 
-           function click(d3_event) {
-             surface.call(breathe.off).call(breathe);
-             var datum = d3_event.target.__data__;
-             var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
+           degStr = degNum.toString();
+           input.property('value', degStr);
+           corePreferences('validate-square-degrees', degStr);
+           context.validator().revalidateUnsquare();
+         }
 
-             if (entity) {
-               datum = entity;
-             }
+         function isRuleEnabled(d) {
+           return context.validator().isRuleEnabled(d);
+         }
 
-             if (datum instanceof osmWay && (datum.__from || datum.__via)) {
-               _fromWayID = datum.id;
-               _oldTurns = null;
-               redraw();
-             } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
-               var actions, extraActions, turns, i;
-               var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);
+         function toggleRule(d3_event, d) {
+           context.validator().toggleRule(d);
+         }
 
-               if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.direct) {
-                 return;
-               } else if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.only) {
-                 // NO -> ONLY
-                 var seen = {};
-                 var datumOnly = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(datum)); // deep clone the datum
+         context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationRules', function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         });
+         return section;
+       }
 
-                 datumOnly.only = true; // but change this property
+       function uiSectionValidationStatus(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('issues-status', context).content(renderContent).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           var issues = context.validator().getIssues(getOptions());
+           return issues.length === 0;
+         });
 
-                 restrictionType = restrictionType.replace(/^no/, 'only'); // Adding an ONLY restriction should destroy all other direct restrictions from the FROM towards the VIA.
-                 // We will remember them in _oldTurns, and restore them if the user clicks again.
+         function getOptions() {
+           return {
+             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
+             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
+           };
+         }
 
-                 turns = _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, 2);
-                 extraActions = [];
-                 _oldTurns = [];
+         function renderContent(selection) {
+           var box = selection.selectAll('.box').data([0]);
+           var boxEnter = box.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'box');
+           boxEnter.append('div').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-apply', 'pre-text'));
+           var noIssuesMessage = boxEnter.append('span');
+           noIssuesMessage.append('strong').attr('class', 'message');
+           noIssuesMessage.append('br');
+           noIssuesMessage.append('span').attr('class', 'details');
+           renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
+           setNoIssuesText(selection);
+         }
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
-                   var turn = turns[i];
-                   if (seen[turn.restrictionID]) continue; // avoid deleting the turn twice (#4968, #4928)
+         function renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection) {
+           var ignoredIssues = context.validator().getIssues({
+             what: 'all',
+             where: 'all',
+             includeDisabledRules: true,
+             includeIgnored: 'only'
+           });
+           var resetIgnored = selection.selectAll('.reset-ignored').data(ignoredIssues.length ? [0] : []); // exit
 
-                   if (turn.direct && turn.path[1] === datum.path[1]) {
-                     seen[turns[i].restrictionID] = true;
-                     turn.restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, turn, projection);
+           resetIgnored.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-                     _oldTurns.push(turn);
+           var resetIgnoredEnter = resetIgnored.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'reset-ignored section-footer');
+           resetIgnoredEnter.append('a').attr('href', '#'); // update
 
-                     extraActions.push(actionUnrestrictTurn(turn));
-                   }
-                 }
+           resetIgnored = resetIgnored.merge(resetIgnoredEnter);
+           resetIgnored.select('a').html(_t('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: _t.html('issues.reset_ignored'),
+             count: ignoredIssues.length
+           }));
+           resetIgnored.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.validator().resetIgnoredIssues();
+           });
+         }
 
-                 actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [actionRestrictTurn(datumOnly, restrictionType), _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')]);
-               } else if (datum.restrictionID) {
-                 // ONLY -> Allowed
-                 // Restore whatever restrictions we might have destroyed by cycling thru the ONLY state.
-                 // This relies on the assumption that the intersection was already split up when we
-                 // performed the previous action (NO -> ONLY), so the IDs in _oldTurns shouldn't have changed.
-                 turns = _oldTurns || [];
-                 extraActions = [];
+         function setNoIssuesText(selection) {
+           var opts = getOptions();
 
-                 for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
-                   if (turns[i].key !== datum.key) {
-                     extraActions.push(actionRestrictTurn(turns[i], turns[i].restrictionType));
-                   }
-                 }
+           function checkForHiddenIssues(cases) {
+             for (var type in cases) {
+               var hiddenOpts = cases[type];
+               var hiddenIssues = context.validator().getIssues(hiddenOpts);
 
-                 _oldTurns = null;
-                 actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [actionUnrestrictTurn(datum), _t('operations.restriction.annotation.delete')]);
-               } else {
-                 // Allowed -> NO
-                 actions = _intersection.actions.concat([actionRestrictTurn(datum, restrictionType), _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')]);
+               if (hiddenIssues.length) {
+                 selection.select('.box .details').html(_t.html('issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.' + type, {
+                   count: hiddenIssues.length.toString()
+                 }));
+                 return;
                }
+             }
 
-               context.perform.apply(context, actions); // At this point the datum will be changed, but will have same key..
-               // Refresh it and update the help..
+             selection.select('.box .details').html(_t.html('issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.none'));
+           }
 
-               var s = surface.selectAll('.' + datum.key);
-               datum = s.empty() ? null : s.datum();
-               updateHints(datum);
-             } else {
-               _fromWayID = null;
-               _oldTurns = null;
-               redraw();
-             }
+           var messageType;
+
+           if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'visible') {
+             messageType = 'edits_in_view';
+             checkForHiddenIssues({
+               elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all'
+               },
+               everything_else: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'visible'
+               },
+               disabled_rules: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'visible',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               everything_else_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all'
+               },
+               disabled_rules_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'visible',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               }
+             });
+           } else if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'all') {
+             messageType = 'edits';
+             checkForHiddenIssues({
+               everything_else: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all'
+               },
+               disabled_rules: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               }
+             });
+           } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'visible') {
+             messageType = 'everything_in_view';
+             checkForHiddenIssues({
+               elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all'
+               },
+               disabled_rules: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'visible',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               disabled_rules_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'visible',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               }
+             });
+           } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'all') {
+             messageType = 'everything';
+             checkForHiddenIssues({
+               disabled_rules: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               }
+             });
            }
 
-           function mouseover(d3_event) {
-             var datum = d3_event.target.__data__;
-             updateHints(datum);
+           if (opts.what === 'edited' && context.history().difference().summary().length === 0) {
+             messageType = 'no_edits';
            }
 
-           _lastXPos = _lastXPos || sdims[0];
-
-           function redraw(minChange) {
-             var xPos = -1;
-
-             if (minChange) {
-               xPos = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'))[0];
-             }
+           selection.select('.box .message').html(_t.html('issues.no_issues.message.' + messageType));
+         }
 
-             if (!minChange || minChange && Math.abs(xPos - _lastXPos) >= minChange) {
-               if (context.hasEntity(_vertexID)) {
-                 _lastXPos = xPos;
+         context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationStatus', function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         });
+         context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationStatus', debounce(function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-                 _container.call(renderViewer);
-               }
-             }
-           }
+       function uiPaneIssues(context) {
+         var issuesPane = uiPane('issues', context).key(_t('issues.key')).label(_t.html('issues.title')).description(_t.html('issues.title')).iconName('iD-icon-alert').sections([uiSectionValidationOptions(context), uiSectionValidationStatus(context), uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-errors', 'error', context), uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-warnings', 'warning', context), uiSectionValidationRules(context)]);
+         return issuesPane;
+       }
 
-           function highlightPathsFrom(wayID) {
-             surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false).classed('allow', false).classed('restrict', false).classed('only', false);
-             surface.selectAll('.' + wayID).classed('related', true);
+       function uiSettingsCustomData(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
 
-             if (wayID) {
-               var turns = _intersection.turns(wayID, _maxViaWay);
+         function render(selection) {
+           var dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data'); // keep separate copies of original and current settings
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
-                 var turn = turns[i];
-                 var ids = [turn.to.way];
-                 var klass = turn.no ? 'restrict' : turn.only ? 'only' : 'allow';
+           var _origSettings = {
+             fileList: dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList() || null,
+             url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
+           };
+           var _currSettings = {
+             fileList: dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList() || null,
+             url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
+           }; // var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
 
-                 if (turn.only || turns.length === 1) {
-                   if (turn.via.ways) {
-                     ids = ids.concat(turn.via.ways);
-                   }
-                 } else if (turn.to.way === wayID) {
-                   continue;
-                 }
+           var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();
+           modal.classed('settings-modal settings-custom-data', true);
+           modal.select('.modal-section.header').append('h3').html(_t.html('settings.custom_data.header'));
+           var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');
+           textSection.append('pre').attr('class', 'instructions-file').html(_t.html('settings.custom_data.file.instructions'));
+           textSection.append('input').attr('class', 'field-file').attr('type', 'file').property('files', _currSettings.fileList) // works for all except IE11
+           .on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             var files = d3_event.target.files;
 
-                 surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids)).classed('related', true).classed('allow', klass === 'allow').classed('restrict', klass === 'restrict').classed('only', klass === 'only');
-               }
+             if (files && files.length) {
+               _currSettings.url = '';
+               textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', '');
+               _currSettings.fileList = files;
+             } else {
+               _currSettings.fileList = null;
              }
-           }
+           });
+           textSection.append('h4').html(_t.html('settings.custom_data.or'));
+           textSection.append('pre').attr('class', 'instructions-url').html(_t.html('settings.custom_data.url.instructions'));
+           textSection.append('textarea').attr('class', 'field-url').attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_data.url.placeholder')).call(utilNoAuto).property('value', _currSettings.url); // insert a cancel button
 
-           function updateHints(datum) {
-             var help = _container.selectAll('.restriction-help').html('');
+           var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');
+           buttonSection.insert('button', '.ok-button').attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action').html(_t.html('confirm.cancel'));
+           buttonSection.select('.cancel-button').on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
+           buttonSection.select('.ok-button').attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.save', clickSave);
 
-             var placeholders = {};
-             ['from', 'via', 'to'].forEach(function (k) {
-               placeholders[k] = '<span class="qualifier">' + _t('restriction.help.' + k) + '</span>';
-             });
-             var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
+           function isSaveDisabled() {
+             return null;
+           } // restore the original url
 
-             if (entity) {
-               datum = entity;
-             }
 
-             if (_fromWayID) {
-               way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
-               surface.selectAll('.' + _fromWayID).classed('selected', true).classed('related', true);
-             } // Hovering a way
+           function clickCancel() {
+             textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', _origSettings.url);
+             corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _origSettings.url);
+             this.blur();
+             modal.close();
+           } // accept the current url
 
 
-             if (datum instanceof osmWay && datum.__from) {
-               way = datum;
-               highlightPathsFrom(_fromWayID ? null : way.id);
-               surface.selectAll('.' + way.id).classed('related', true);
-               var clickSelect = !_fromWayID || _fromWayID !== way.id;
-               help.append('div') // "Click to select FROM {fromName}." / "FROM {fromName}"
-               .html(_t.html('restriction.help.' + (clickSelect ? 'select_from_name' : 'from_name'), {
-                 from: placeholders.from,
-                 fromName: displayName(way.id, vgraph)
-               })); // Hovering a turn arrow
-             } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
-               var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);
-               var turnType = restrictionType.replace(/^(only|no)\_/, '');
-               var indirect = datum.direct === false ? _t.html('restriction.help.indirect') : '';
-               var klass, turnText, nextText;
+           function clickSave() {
+             _currSettings.url = textSection.select('.field-url').property('value').trim(); // one or the other but not both
 
-               if (datum.no) {
-                 klass = 'restrict';
-                 turnText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, {
-                   indirect: indirect
-                 });
-                 nextText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, {
-                   indirect: ''
-                 });
-               } else if (datum.only) {
-                 klass = 'only';
-                 turnText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, {
-                   indirect: indirect
-                 });
-                 nextText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, {
-                   indirect: ''
-                 });
-               } else {
-                 klass = 'allow';
-                 turnText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, {
-                   indirect: indirect
-                 });
-                 nextText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, {
-                   indirect: ''
-                 });
-               }
+             if (_currSettings.url) {
+               _currSettings.fileList = null;
+             }
 
-               help.append('div') // "NO Right Turn (indirect)"
-               .attr('class', 'qualifier ' + klass).html(turnText);
-               help.append('div') // "FROM {fromName} TO {toName}"
-               .html(_t.html('restriction.help.from_name_to_name', {
-                 from: placeholders.from,
-                 fromName: displayName(datum.from.way, vgraph),
-                 to: placeholders.to,
-                 toName: displayName(datum.to.way, vgraph)
-               }));
+             if (_currSettings.fileList) {
+               _currSettings.url = '';
+             }
 
-               if (datum.via.ways && datum.via.ways.length) {
-                 var names = [];
+             corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _currSettings.url);
+             this.blur();
+             modal.close();
+             dispatch.call('change', this, _currSettings);
+           }
+         }
 
-                 for (var i = 0; i < datum.via.ways.length; i++) {
-                   var prev = names[names.length - 1];
-                   var curr = displayName(datum.via.ways[i], vgraph);
-                   if (!prev || curr !== prev) // collapse identical names
-                     names.push(curr);
-                 }
+         return utilRebind(render, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                 help.append('div') // "VIA {viaNames}"
-                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.via_names', {
-                   via: placeholders.via,
-                   viaNames: names.join(', ')
-                 }));
-               }
+       function uiSectionDataLayers(context) {
+         var settingsCustomData = uiSettingsCustomData(context).on('change', customChanged);
+         var layers = context.layers();
+         var section = uiSection('data-layers', context).label(_t.html('map_data.data_layers')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-               if (!indirect) {
-                 help.append('div') // Click for "No Right Turn"
-                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.toggle', {
-                   turn: nextText.trim()
-                 }));
-               }
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.data-layer-container').data([0]);
+           container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'data-layer-container').merge(container).call(drawOsmItems).call(drawQAItems).call(drawCustomDataItems).call(drawVectorItems) // Beta - Detroit mapping challenge
+           .call(drawPanelItems);
+         }
 
-               highlightPathsFrom(null);
-               var alongIDs = datum.path.slice();
-               surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(alongIDs)).classed('related', true).classed('allow', klass === 'allow').classed('restrict', klass === 'restrict').classed('only', klass === 'only'); // Hovering empty surface
-             } else {
-               highlightPathsFrom(null);
+         function showsLayer(which) {
+           var layer = layers.layer(which);
 
-               if (_fromWayID) {
-                 help.append('div') // "FROM {fromName}"
-                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.from_name', {
-                   from: placeholders.from,
-                   fromName: displayName(_fromWayID, vgraph)
-                 }));
-               } else {
-                 help.append('div') // "Click to select a FROM segment."
-                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.select_from', {
-                   from: placeholders.from
-                 }));
-               }
-             }
+           if (layer) {
+             return layer.enabled();
            }
+
+           return false;
          }
 
-         function displayMaxDistance(maxDist) {
-           var isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();
-           var opts;
+         function setLayer(which, enabled) {
+           // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) return;
+           var layer = layers.layer(which);
 
-           if (isImperial) {
-             var distToFeet = {
-               // imprecise conversion for prettier display
-               20: 70,
-               25: 85,
-               30: 100,
-               35: 115,
-               40: 130,
-               45: 145,
-               50: 160
-             }[maxDist];
-             opts = {
-               distance: _t('units.feet', {
-                 quantity: distToFeet
-               })
-             };
-           } else {
-             opts = {
-               distance: _t('units.meters', {
-                 quantity: maxDist
-               })
-             };
-           }
+           if (layer) {
+             layer.enabled(enabled);
 
-           return _t.html('restriction.controls.distance_up_to', opts);
+             if (!enabled && (which === 'osm' || which === 'notes')) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           }
          }
 
-         function displayMaxVia(maxVia) {
-           return maxVia === 0 ? _t.html('restriction.controls.via_node_only') : maxVia === 1 ? _t.html('restriction.controls.via_up_to_one') : _t.html('restriction.controls.via_up_to_two');
+         function toggleLayer(which) {
+           setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
          }
 
-         function displayName(entityID, graph) {
-           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
-           var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
-           var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-           var type = matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
-           return name || type;
-         }
+         function drawOsmItems(selection) {
+           var osmKeys = ['osm', 'notes'];
+           var osmLayers = layers.all().filter(function (obj) {
+             return osmKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1;
+           });
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-osm').data([0]);
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-osm').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item').data(osmLayers);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             if (d.id === 'osm') {
+               select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key'))]).placement('bottom'));
+             } else {
+               select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
+             }
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             toggleLayer(d.id);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title');
+           }); // Update
 
-         restrictions.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           _intersection = null;
-           _fromWayID = null;
-           _oldTurns = null;
-           _vertexID = val[0];
-         };
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d.layer.enabled();
+           }).selectAll('input').property('checked', function (d) {
+             return d.layer.enabled();
+           });
+         }
 
-         restrictions.tags = function () {};
+         function drawQAItems(selection) {
+           var qaKeys = ['keepRight', 'improveOSM', 'osmose'];
+           var qaLayers = layers.all().filter(function (obj) {
+             return qaKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1;
+           });
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-qa').data([0]);
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-qa').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item').data(qaLayers);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             toggleLayer(d.id);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title');
+           }); // Update
 
-         restrictions.focus = function () {};
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d.layer.enabled();
+           }).selectAll('input').property('checked', function (d) {
+             return d.layer.enabled();
+           });
+         } // Beta feature - sample vector layers to support Detroit Mapping Challenge
+         // https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge
 
-         restrictions.off = function (selection) {
-           if (!_initialized) return;
-           selection.selectAll('.surface').call(breathe.off).on('click.restrictions', null).on('mouseover.restrictions', null);
-           select(window).on('resize.restrictions', null);
-         };
 
-         return utilRebind(restrictions, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-       uiFieldRestrictions.supportsMultiselection = false;
+         function drawVectorItems(selection) {
+           var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
+           var vtData = [{
+             name: 'Detroit Neighborhoods/Parks',
+             src: 'neighborhoods-parks',
+             tooltip: 'Neighborhood boundaries and parks as compiled by City of Detroit in concert with community groups.',
+             template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmur6x34562qp9iv1u3ksf-54hev,jonahadkins.cjksmqxdx33jj2wp90xd9x2md-4e5y2/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
+           }, {
+             name: 'Detroit Composite POIs',
+             src: 'composite-poi',
+             tooltip: 'Fire Inspections, Business Licenses, and other public location data collated from the City of Detroit.',
+             template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmm6a02sli31myxhsr7zf3-2sw8h/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
+           }, {
+             name: 'Detroit All-The-Places POIs',
+             src: 'alltheplaces-poi',
+             tooltip: 'Public domain business location data created by web scrapers.',
+             template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmswgk340g2vo06p1w9w0j-8fjjc/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
+           }]; // Only show this if the map is around Detroit..
 
-       function uiFieldTextarea(field, context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var input = select(null);
+           var detroit = geoExtent([-83.5, 42.1], [-82.8, 42.5]);
+           var showVectorItems = context.map().zoom() > 9 && detroit.contains(context.map().center());
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.vectortile-container').data(showVectorItems ? [0] : []);
+           container.exit().remove();
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'vectortile-container');
+           containerEnter.append('h4').attr('class', 'vectortile-header').html('Detroit Vector Tiles (Beta)');
+           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-vectortile');
+           containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'vectortile-footer').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge').append('span').html('About these layers');
+           container = container.merge(containerEnter);
+           var ul = container.selectAll('.layer-list-vectortile');
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item').data(vtData);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'list-item list-item-' + d.src;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(d.tooltip).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', 'vectortile').on('change', selectVTLayer);
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return d.name;
+           }); // Update
 
-         var _tags;
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', isVTLayerSelected).selectAll('input').property('checked', isVTLayerSelected);
 
-         function textarea(selection) {
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
-           input = wrap.selectAll('textarea').data([0]);
-           input = input.enter().append('textarea').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).on('input', change(true)).on('blur', change()).on('change', change()).merge(input);
-         }
+           function isVTLayerSelected(d) {
+             return dataLayer && dataLayer.template() === d.template;
+           }
 
-         function change(onInput) {
-           return function () {
-             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-             if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val); // don't override multiple values with blank string
+           function selectVTLayer(d3_event, d) {
+             corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', d.template);
 
-             if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
-             var t = {};
-             t[field.key] = val || undefined;
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
-           };
+             if (dataLayer) {
+               dataLayer.template(d.template, d.src);
+               dataLayer.enabled(true);
+             }
+           }
          }
 
-         textarea.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags;
-           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
-           utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '').attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')).classed('mixed', isMixed);
-         };
-
-         textarea.focus = function () {
-           input.node().focus();
-         };
-
-         return utilRebind(textarea, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       function uiFieldWikidata(field, context) {
-         var wikidata = services.wikidata;
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
+         function drawCustomDataItems(selection) {
+           var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
+           var hasData = dataLayer && dataLayer.hasData();
+           var showsData = hasData && dataLayer.enabled();
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-data').data(dataLayer ? [0] : []); // Exit
 
-         var _selection = select(null);
+           ul.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-         var _searchInput = select(null);
+           var ulEnter = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-data');
+           var liEnter = ulEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'list-item-data');
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.tooltip')).placement('top'));
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function () {
+             toggleLayer('data');
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.title'));
+           liEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'open-data-options').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('settings.custom_data.tooltip')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             editCustom();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));
+           liEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'zoom-to-data').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.zoom')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             if (select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             dataLayer.fitZoom();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome')); // Update
 
-         var _qid = null;
-         var _wikidataEntity = null;
-         var _wikiURL = '';
-         var _entityIDs = [];
+           ul = ul.merge(ulEnter);
+           ul.selectAll('.list-item-data').classed('active', showsData).selectAll('label').classed('deemphasize', !hasData).selectAll('input').property('disabled', !hasData).property('checked', showsData);
+           ul.selectAll('button.zoom-to-data').classed('disabled', !hasData);
+         }
 
-         var _wikipediaKey = field.keys && field.keys.find(function (key) {
-           return key.includes('wikipedia');
-         }),
-             _hintKey = field.key === 'wikidata' ? 'name' : field.key.split(':')[0];
+         function editCustom() {
+           context.container().call(settingsCustomData);
+         }
 
-         var combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid).caseSensitive(true).minItems(1);
+         function customChanged(d) {
+           var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
 
-         function wiki(selection) {
-           _selection = selection;
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
-           var list = wrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
-           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(list);
-           var searchRow = list.selectAll('li.wikidata-search').data([0]);
-           var searchRowEnter = searchRow.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'wikidata-search');
-           searchRowEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('id', field.domId).style('flex', '1').call(utilNoAuto).on('focus', function () {
-             var node = select(this).node();
-             node.setSelectionRange(0, node.value.length);
-           }).on('blur', function () {
-             setLabelForEntity();
-           }).call(combobox.fetcher(fetchWikidataItems));
-           combobox.on('accept', function (d) {
-             if (d) {
-               _qid = d.id;
-               change();
-             }
-           }).on('cancel', function () {
-             setLabelForEntity();
-           });
-           searchRowEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link').attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', {
-             domain: 'wikidata.org'
-           })).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             if (_wikiURL) window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank');
-           });
-           searchRow = searchRow.merge(searchRowEnter);
-           _searchInput = searchRow.select('input');
-           var wikidataProperties = ['description', 'identifier'];
-           var items = list.selectAll('li.labeled-input').data(wikidataProperties); // Enter
+           if (d && d.url) {
+             dataLayer.url(d.url);
+           } else if (d && d.fileList) {
+             dataLayer.fileList(d.fileList);
+           }
+         }
 
-           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'labeled-input preset-wikidata-' + d;
-           });
-           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('wikidata.' + d);
+         function drawPanelItems(selection) {
+           var panelsListEnter = selection.selectAll('.md-extras-list').data([0]).enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list md-extras-list');
+           var historyPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'history-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.history_panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.history.key'))]).placement('top'));
+           historyPanelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.ui().info.toggle('history');
            });
-           enter.append('input').attr('type', 'text').call(utilNoAuto).classed('disabled', 'true').attr('readonly', 'true');
-           enter.append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button').attr('title', _t('icons.copy')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-copy')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+           historyPanelLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('map_data.history_panel.title'));
+           var measurementPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'measurement-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.measurement_panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.measurement.key'))]).placement('top'));
+           measurementPanelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
              d3_event.preventDefault();
-             select(this.parentNode).select('input').node().select();
-             document.execCommand('copy');
+             context.ui().info.toggle('measurement');
            });
+           measurementPanelLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('map_data.measurement_panel.title'));
          }
 
-         function fetchWikidataItems(q, callback) {
-           if (!q && _hintKey) {
-             // other tags may be good search terms
-             for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
-
-               if (entity.tags[_hintKey]) {
-                 q = entity.tags[_hintKey];
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
-           }
+         context.layers().on('change.uiSectionDataLayers', section.reRender);
+         context.map().on('move.uiSectionDataLayers', debounce(function () {
+           // Detroit layers may have moved in or out of view
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           wikidata.itemsForSearchQuery(q, function (err, data) {
-             if (err) return;
+       function uiSectionMapFeatures(context) {
+         var _features = context.features().keys();
 
-             for (var i in data) {
-               data[i].value = data[i].label + ' (' + data[i].id + ')';
-               data[i].title = data[i].description;
-             }
+         var section = uiSection('map-features', context).label(_t.html('map_data.map_features')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
 
-             if (callback) callback(data);
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-feature-list-container').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'layer-feature-list-container');
+           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-feature-list');
+           var footer = containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'feature-list-links section-footer');
+           footer.append('a').attr('class', 'feature-list-link').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('issues.disable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.features().disableAll();
            });
-         }
-
-         function change() {
-           var syncTags = {};
-           syncTags[field.key] = _qid;
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, syncTags); // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
+           footer.append('a').attr('class', 'feature-list-link').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('issues.enable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.features().enableAll();
+           }); // Update
 
-           var initGraph = context.graph();
-           var initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;
-           wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function (err, entity) {
-             if (err) return; // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
+           container = container.merge(containerEnter);
+           container.selectAll('.layer-feature-list').call(drawListItems, _features, 'checkbox', 'feature', clickFeature, showsFeature);
+         }
 
-             if (context.graph() !== initGraph) return;
-             if (!entity.sitelinks) return;
-             var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery(); // use the label and description languages as fallbacks
+         function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
+           var items = selection.selectAll('li').data(data); // Exit
 
-             ['labels', 'descriptions'].forEach(function (key) {
-               if (!entity[key]) return;
-               var valueLangs = Object.keys(entity[key]);
-               if (valueLangs.length === 0) return;
-               var valueLang = valueLangs[0];
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-               if (langs.indexOf(valueLang) === -1) {
-                 langs.push(valueLang);
-               }
-             });
-             var newWikipediaValue;
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
+             var tip = _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
 
-             if (_wikipediaKey) {
-               var foundPreferred;
+             if (autoHiddenFeature(d)) {
+               var msg = showsLayer('osm') ? _t.html('map_data.autohidden') : _t.html('map_data.osmhidden');
+               tip += '<div>' + msg + '</div>';
+             }
 
-               for (var i in langs) {
-                 var lang = langs[i];
-                 var siteID = lang.replace('-', '_') + 'wiki';
+             return tip;
+           }).placement('top'));
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', name).on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.description');
+           }); // Update
 
-                 if (entity.sitelinks[siteID]) {
-                   foundPreferred = true;
-                   newWikipediaValue = lang + ':' + entity.sitelinks[siteID].title; // use the first match
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           items.classed('active', active).selectAll('input').property('checked', active).property('indeterminate', autoHiddenFeature);
+         }
 
-                   break;
-                 }
-               }
+         function autoHiddenFeature(d) {
+           return context.features().autoHidden(d);
+         }
 
-               if (!foundPreferred) {
-                 // No wikipedia sites available in the user's language or the fallback languages,
-                 // default to any wikipedia sitelink
-                 var wikiSiteKeys = Object.keys(entity.sitelinks).filter(function (site) {
-                   return site.endsWith('wiki');
-                 });
+         function showsFeature(d) {
+           return context.features().enabled(d);
+         }
 
-                 if (wikiSiteKeys.length === 0) {
-                   // if no wikipedia pages are linked to this wikidata entity, delete that tag
-                   newWikipediaValue = null;
-                 } else {
-                   var wikiLang = wikiSiteKeys[0].slice(0, -4).replace('_', '-');
-                   var wikiTitle = entity.sitelinks[wikiSiteKeys[0]].title;
-                   newWikipediaValue = wikiLang + ':' + wikiTitle;
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+         function clickFeature(d3_event, d) {
+           context.features().toggle(d);
+         }
 
-             if (newWikipediaValue) {
-               newWikipediaValue = context.cleanTagValue(newWikipediaValue);
-             }
+         function showsLayer(id) {
+           var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
+           return layer && layer.enabled();
+         } // add listeners
 
-             if (typeof newWikipediaValue === 'undefined') return;
-             var actions = initEntityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-               if (!entity) return null;
-               var currTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-               if (newWikipediaValue === null) {
-                 if (!currTags[_wikipediaKey]) return null;
-                 delete currTags[_wikipediaKey];
-               } else {
-                 currTags[_wikipediaKey] = newWikipediaValue;
-               }
+         context.features().on('change.map_features', section.reRender);
+         return section;
+       }
 
-               return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
-             }).filter(Boolean);
-             if (!actions.length) return; // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
+       function uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('fill-area', context).label(_t.html('map_data.style_options')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
 
-             context.overwrite(function actionUpdateWikipediaTags(graph) {
-               actions.forEach(function (action) {
-                 graph = action(graph);
-               });
-               return graph;
-             }, context.history().undoAnnotation()); // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
-             // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-fill-list').data([0]);
+           container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-fill-list').merge(container).call(drawListItems, context.map().areaFillOptions, 'radio', 'area_fill', setFill, isActiveFill);
+           var container2 = selection.selectAll('.layer-visual-diff-list').data([0]);
+           container2.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-visual-diff-list').merge(container2).call(drawListItems, ['highlight_edits'], 'checkbox', 'visual_diff', toggleHighlightEdited, function () {
+             return context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
            });
          }
 
-         function setLabelForEntity() {
-           var label = '';
+         function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
+           var items = selection.selectAll('li').data(data); // Exit
 
-           if (_wikidataEntity) {
-             label = entityPropertyForDisplay(_wikidataEntity, 'labels');
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-             if (label.length === 0) {
-               label = _wikidataEntity.id.toString();
-             }
-           }
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
+           }).keys(function (d) {
+             var key = d === 'wireframe' ? _t('area_fill.wireframe.key') : null;
+             if (d === 'highlight_edits') key = _t('map_data.highlight_edits.key');
+             return key ? [key] : null;
+           }).placement('top'));
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', name).on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.description');
+           }); // Update
 
-           utilGetSetValue(_searchInput, label);
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           items.classed('active', active).selectAll('input').property('checked', active).property('indeterminate', false);
          }
 
-         wiki.tags = function (tags) {
-           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+         function isActiveFill(d) {
+           return context.map().activeAreaFill() === d;
+         }
 
-           _searchInput.attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : '').classed('mixed', isMixed);
+         function toggleHighlightEdited(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
+         }
 
-           _qid = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' && tags[field.key] || '';
+         function setFill(d3_event, d) {
+           context.map().activeAreaFill(d);
+         }
 
-           if (!/^Q[0-9]*$/.test(_qid)) {
-             // not a proper QID
-             unrecognized();
-             return;
-           } // QID value in correct format
+         context.map().on('changeHighlighting.ui_style, changeAreaFill.ui_style', section.reRender);
+         return section;
+       }
 
+       function uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context) {
+         var layers = context.layers();
+         var section = uiSection('photo-overlays', context).label(_t.html('photo_overlays.title')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
 
-           _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/' + _qid;
-           wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function (err, entity) {
-             if (err) {
-               unrecognized();
-               return;
-             }
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.photo-overlay-container').data([0]);
+           container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'photo-overlay-container').merge(container).call(drawPhotoItems).call(drawPhotoTypeItems).call(drawDateFilter).call(drawUsernameFilter);
+         }
 
-             _wikidataEntity = entity;
-             setLabelForEntity();
-             var description = entityPropertyForDisplay(entity, 'descriptions');
+         function drawPhotoItems(selection) {
+           var photoKeys = context.photos().overlayLayerIDs();
+           var photoLayers = layers.all().filter(function (obj) {
+             return photoKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1;
+           });
+           var data = photoLayers.filter(function (obj) {
+             return obj.layer.supported();
+           });
 
-             _selection.select('button.wiki-link').classed('disabled', false);
+           function layerSupported(d) {
+             return d.layer && d.layer.supported();
+           }
 
-             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description').style('display', function () {
-               return description.length > 0 ? 'flex' : 'none';
-             }).select('input').attr('value', description);
+           function layerEnabled(d) {
+             return layerSupported(d) && d.layer.enabled();
+           }
 
-             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier').style('display', function () {
-               return entity.id ? 'flex' : 'none';
-             }).select('input').attr('value', entity.id);
-           }); // not a proper QID
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-photos').data([0]);
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photos').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photos').data(data);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             var classes = 'list-item-photos list-item-' + d.id;
 
-           function unrecognized() {
-             _wikidataEntity = null;
-             setLabelForEntity();
+             if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs' || d.id === 'mapillary-map-features') {
+               classes += ' indented';
+             }
 
-             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description').style('display', 'none');
+             return classes;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             var titleID;
+             if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs') titleID = 'mapillary.signs.tooltip';else if (d.id === 'mapillary') titleID = 'mapillary_images.tooltip';else if (d.id === 'openstreetcam') titleID = 'openstreetcam_images.tooltip';else titleID = d.id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.tooltip';
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html(titleID)).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             toggleLayer(d.id);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             var id = d.id;
+             if (id === 'mapillary-signs') id = 'photo_overlays.traffic_signs';
+             return _t.html(id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.title');
+           }); // Update
 
-             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier').style('display', 'none');
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', layerEnabled).selectAll('input').property('checked', layerEnabled);
+         }
 
-             _selection.select('button.wiki-link').classed('disabled', true);
+         function drawPhotoTypeItems(selection) {
+           var data = context.photos().allPhotoTypes();
 
-             if (_qid && _qid !== '') {
-               _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=' + _qid;
-             } else {
-               _wikiURL = '';
-             }
+           function typeEnabled(d) {
+             return context.photos().showsPhotoType(d);
            }
-         };
-
-         function entityPropertyForDisplay(wikidataEntity, propKey) {
-           if (!wikidataEntity[propKey]) return '';
-           var propObj = wikidataEntity[propKey];
-           var langKeys = Object.keys(propObj);
-           if (langKeys.length === 0) return ''; // sorted by priority, since we want to show the user's language first if possible
-
-           var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery();
-
-           for (var i in langs) {
-             var lang = langs[i];
-             var valueObj = propObj[lang];
-             if (valueObj && valueObj.value && valueObj.value.length > 0) return valueObj.value;
-           } // default to any available value
 
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-photo-types').data([0]);
+           ul.exit().remove();
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photo-types').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photo-types').data(context.photos().shouldFilterByPhotoType() ? data : []);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'list-item-photo-types list-item-' + d;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.tooltip')).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             context.photos().togglePhotoType(d);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.title');
+           }); // Update
 
-           return propObj[langKeys[0]].value;
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', typeEnabled).selectAll('input').property('checked', typeEnabled);
          }
 
-         wiki.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return wiki;
-         };
+         function drawDateFilter(selection) {
+           var data = context.photos().dateFilters();
 
-         wiki.focus = function () {
-           _searchInput.node().focus();
-         };
+           function filterEnabled(d) {
+             return context.photos().dateFilterValue(d);
+           }
 
-         return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-date-filter').data([0]);
+           ul.exit().remove();
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-date-filter').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-date-filter').data(context.photos().shouldFilterByDate() ? data : []);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'list-item-date-filter');
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('photo_overlays.date_filter.' + d + '.tooltip')).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('photo_overlays.date_filter.' + d + '.title');
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'date').attr('class', 'list-item-input').attr('placeholder', _t('units.year_month_day')).call(utilNoAuto).each(function (d) {
+             utilGetSetValue(select(this), context.photos().dateFilterValue(d) || '');
+           }).on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             var value = utilGetSetValue(select(this)).trim();
+             context.photos().setDateFilter(d, value, true); // reload the displayed dates
 
-       function uiFieldWikipedia(field, context) {
-         var _arguments = arguments;
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
-         var wikidata = services.wikidata;
+             li.selectAll('input').each(function (d) {
+               utilGetSetValue(select(this), context.photos().dateFilterValue(d) || '');
+             });
+           });
+           li = li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', filterEnabled);
+         }
 
-         var _langInput = select(null);
+         function drawUsernameFilter(selection) {
+           function filterEnabled() {
+             return context.photos().usernames();
+           }
 
-         var _titleInput = select(null);
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-username-filter').data([0]);
+           ul.exit().remove();
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-username-filter').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-username-filter').data(context.photos().shouldFilterByUsername() ? ['username-filter'] : []);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'list-item-username-filter');
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function () {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('photo_overlays.username_filter.tooltip')).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('photo_overlays.username_filter.title'));
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'list-item-input').call(utilNoAuto).property('value', usernameValue).on('change', function () {
+             var value = select(this).property('value');
+             context.photos().setUsernameFilter(value, true);
+             select(this).property('value', usernameValue);
+           });
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', filterEnabled);
 
-         var _wikiURL = '';
+           function usernameValue() {
+             var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
+             if (usernames) return usernames.join('; ');
+             return usernames;
+           }
+         }
 
-         var _entityIDs;
+         function toggleLayer(which) {
+           setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
+         }
 
-         var _tags;
+         function showsLayer(which) {
+           var layer = layers.layer(which);
 
-         var _dataWikipedia = [];
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('wmf_sitematrix').then(function (d) {
-           _dataWikipedia = d;
-           if (_tags) updateForTags(_tags);
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         });
-         var langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-lang').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
-           var v = value.toLowerCase();
-           callback(_dataWikipedia.filter(function (d) {
-             return d[0].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d[1].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d[2].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
-           }).map(function (d) {
-             return {
-               value: d[1]
-             };
-           }));
-         });
-         var titleCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-title').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
-           if (!value) {
-             value = '';
+           if (layer) {
+             return layer.enabled();
+           }
 
-             for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
+           return false;
+         }
 
-               if (entity.tags.name) {
-                 value = entity.tags.name;
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
-           }
+         function setLayer(which, enabled) {
+           var layer = layers.layer(which);
 
-           var searchfn = value.length > 7 ? wikipedia.search : wikipedia.suggestions;
-           searchfn(language()[2], value, function (query, data) {
-             callback(data.map(function (d) {
-               return {
-                 value: d
-               };
-             }));
-           });
-         });
+           if (layer) {
+             layer.enabled(enabled);
+           }
+         }
 
-         function wiki(selection) {
-           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
-           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', "form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-".concat(field.type)).merge(wrap);
-           var langContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-lang-container').data([0]);
-           langContainer = langContainer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'wiki-lang-container').merge(langContainer);
-           _langInput = langContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-lang').data([0]);
-           _langInput = _langInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'wiki-lang').attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language')).call(utilNoAuto).call(langCombo).merge(_langInput);
+         context.layers().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);
+         context.photos().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           _langInput.on('blur', changeLang).on('change', changeLang);
+       function uiPaneMapData(context) {
+         var mapDataPane = uiPane('map-data', context).key(_t('map_data.key')).label(_t.html('map_data.title')).description(_t.html('map_data.description')).iconName('iD-icon-data').sections([uiSectionDataLayers(context), uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context), uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context), uiSectionMapFeatures(context)]);
+         return mapDataPane;
+       }
 
-           var titleContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-title-container').data([0]);
-           titleContainer = titleContainer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'wiki-title-container').merge(titleContainer);
-           _titleInput = titleContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-title').data([0]);
-           _titleInput = _titleInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'wiki-title').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).call(titleCombo).merge(_titleInput);
+       function uiSectionPrivacy(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('preferences-third-party', context).label(_t.html('preferences.privacy.title')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-           _titleInput.on('blur', function () {
-             change(true);
-           }).on('change', function () {
-             change(false);
-           });
+         var _showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
 
-           var link = titleContainer.selectAll('.wiki-link').data([0]);
-           link = link.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link').attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', {
-             domain: 'wikipedia.org'
-           })).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).merge(link);
-           link.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           // enter
+           var privacyOptionsListEnter = selection.selectAll('.privacy-options-list').data([0]).enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list privacy-options-list');
+           var thirdPartyIconsEnter = privacyOptionsListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'privacy-third-party-icons-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
+           thirdPartyIconsEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
              d3_event.preventDefault();
-             if (_wikiURL) window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank');
+             _showThirdPartyIcons = _showThirdPartyIcons === 'true' ? 'false' : 'true';
+             corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons', _showThirdPartyIcons);
+             update();
            });
+           thirdPartyIconsEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.description')); // Privacy Policy link
+
+           selection.selectAll('.privacy-link').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'privacy-link').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md').append('span').html(_t.html('preferences.privacy.privacy_link'));
+           update();
+
+           function update() {
+             selection.selectAll('.privacy-third-party-icons-item').classed('active', _showThirdPartyIcons === 'true').select('input').property('checked', _showThirdPartyIcons === 'true');
+           }
          }
 
-         function defaultLanguageInfo(skipEnglishFallback) {
-           var langCode = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           for (var i in _dataWikipedia) {
-             var d = _dataWikipedia[i]; // default to the language of iD's current locale
+       function uiPanePreferences(context) {
+         var preferencesPane = uiPane('preferences', context).key(_t('preferences.key')).label(_t.html('preferences.title')).description(_t.html('preferences.description')).iconName('fas-user-cog').sections([uiSectionPrivacy(context)]);
+         return preferencesPane;
+       }
 
-             if (d[2] === langCode) return d;
-           } // fallback to English
+       function uiInit(context) {
+         var _initCounter = 0;
+         var _needWidth = {};
 
+         var _lastPointerType;
 
-           return skipEnglishFallback ? ['', '', ''] : ['English', 'English', 'en'];
-         }
+         function render(container) {
+           container.on('click.ui', function (d3_event) {
+             // we're only concerned with the primary mouse button
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+             if (!d3_event.composedPath) return; // some targets have default click events we don't want to override
 
-         function language(skipEnglishFallback) {
-           var value = utilGetSetValue(_langInput).toLowerCase();
+             var isOkayTarget = d3_event.composedPath().some(function (node) {
+               // we only care about element nodes
+               return node.nodeType === 1 && ( // clicking <input> focuses it and/or changes a value
+               node.nodeName === 'INPUT' || // clicking <label> affects its <input> by default
+               node.nodeName === 'LABEL' || // clicking <a> opens a hyperlink by default
+               node.nodeName === 'A');
+             });
+             if (isOkayTarget) return; // disable double-tap-to-zoom on touchscreens
 
-           for (var i in _dataWikipedia) {
-             var d = _dataWikipedia[i]; // return the language already set in the UI, if supported
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           });
+           var detected = utilDetect(); // only WebKit supports gesture events
 
-             if (d[0].toLowerCase() === value || d[1].toLowerCase() === value || d[2] === value) return d;
-           } // fallback to English
+           if ('GestureEvent' in window && // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
+           // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
+           !detected.isMobileWebKit) {
+             // On iOS we disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via the `touch-action`
+             // CSS property, but on desktop Safari we need to manually cancel the
+             // default gesture events.
+             container.on('gesturestart.ui gesturechange.ui gestureend.ui', function (d3_event) {
+               // disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via multitouch trackpads on macOS Safari
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             });
+           }
 
+           if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
+             select(window).on('pointerdown.ui pointerup.ui', function (d3_event) {
+               var pointerType = d3_event.pointerType || 'mouse';
 
-           return defaultLanguageInfo(skipEnglishFallback);
-         }
+               if (_lastPointerType !== pointerType) {
+                 _lastPointerType = pointerType;
+                 container.attr('pointer', pointerType);
+               }
+             }, true);
+           } else {
+             _lastPointerType = 'mouse';
+             container.attr('pointer', 'mouse');
+           }
 
-         function changeLang() {
-           utilGetSetValue(_langInput, language()[1]);
-           change(true);
-         }
+           container.attr('lang', _mainLocalizer.localeCode()).attr('dir', _mainLocalizer.textDirection()); // setup fullscreen keybindings (no button shown at this time)
 
-         function change(skipWikidata) {
-           var value = utilGetSetValue(_titleInput);
-           var m = value.match(/https?:\/\/([-a-z]+)\.wikipedia\.org\/(?:wiki|\1-[-a-z]+)\/([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
+           container.call(uiFullScreen(context));
+           var map = context.map();
+           map.redrawEnable(false); // don't draw until we've set zoom/lat/long
 
-           var langInfo = m && _dataWikipedia.find(function (d) {
-             return m[1] === d[2];
+           map.on('hitMinZoom.ui', function () {
+             ui.flash.iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html('cannot_zoom'))();
            });
+           container.append('svg').attr('id', 'ideditor-defs').call(ui.svgDefs);
+           container.append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar').call(ui.sidebar);
+           var content = container.append('div').attr('class', 'main-content active'); // Top toolbar
 
-           var syncTags = {};
-
-           if (langInfo) {
-             var nativeLangName = langInfo[1]; // Normalize title http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Query#Title_normalization
+           content.append('div').attr('class', 'top-toolbar-wrap').append('div').attr('class', 'top-toolbar fillD').call(uiTopToolbar(context));
+           content.append('div').attr('class', 'main-map').attr('dir', 'ltr').call(map);
+           var overMap = content.append('div').attr('class', 'over-map'); // HACK: Mobile Safari 14 likes to select anything selectable when long-
+           // pressing, even if it's not targeted. This conflicts with long-pressing
+           // to show the edit menu. We add a selectable offscreen element as the first
+           // child to trick Safari into not showing the selection UI.
 
-             value = decodeURIComponent(m[2]).replace(/_/g, ' ');
+           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'select-trap').text('t');
+           overMap.call(uiMapInMap(context)).call(uiNotice(context));
+           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'spinner').call(uiSpinner(context)); // Map controls
 
-             if (m[3]) {
-               var anchor; // try {
-               // leave this out for now - #6232
-               // Best-effort `anchordecode:` implementation
-               // anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3].replace(/\.([0-9A-F]{2})/g, '%$1'));
-               // } catch (e) {
+           var controls = overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'map-controls');
+           controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control zoombuttons').call(uiZoom(context));
+           controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control zoom-to-selection-control').call(uiZoomToSelection(context));
+           controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control geolocate-control').call(uiGeolocate(context));
+           controls.on('wheel.mapControls', function (d3_event) {
+             if (!d3_event.deltaX) {
+               controls.node().scrollTop += d3_event.deltaY;
+             }
+           }); // Add panes
+           // This should happen after map is initialized, as some require surface()
 
-               anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3]); // }
+           var panes = overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'map-panes');
+           var uiPanes = [uiPaneBackground(context), uiPaneMapData(context), uiPaneIssues(context), uiPanePreferences(context), uiPaneHelp(context)];
+           uiPanes.forEach(function (pane) {
+             controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control map-pane-control ' + pane.id + '-control').call(pane.renderToggleButton);
+             panes.call(pane.renderPane);
+           });
+           ui.info = uiInfo(context);
+           overMap.call(ui.info);
+           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'photoviewer').classed('al', true) // 'al'=left,  'ar'=right
+           .classed('hide', true).call(ui.photoviewer);
+           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-wrap').attr('dir', 'ltr').call(uiAttribution(context)); // Add footer
 
-               value += '#' + anchor.replace(/_/g, ' ');
-             }
+           var about = content.append('div').attr('class', 'map-footer');
+           about.append('div').attr('class', 'api-status').call(uiStatus(context));
+           var footer = about.append('div').attr('class', 'map-footer-bar fillD');
+           footer.append('div').attr('class', 'flash-wrap footer-hide');
+           var footerWrap = footer.append('div').attr('class', 'main-footer-wrap footer-show');
+           footerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'scale-block').call(uiScale(context));
+           var aboutList = footerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'info-block').append('ul').attr('class', 'map-footer-list');
+           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'user-list').call(uiContributors(context));
+           var apiConnections = context.apiConnections();
 
-             value = value.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + value.slice(1);
-             utilGetSetValue(_langInput, nativeLangName);
-             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
+           if (apiConnections && apiConnections.length > 1) {
+             aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'source-switch').call(uiSourceSwitch(context).keys(apiConnections));
            }
 
-           if (value) {
-             syncTags.wikipedia = context.cleanTagValue(language()[2] + ':' + value);
-           } else {
-             syncTags.wikipedia = undefined;
-           }
+           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'issues-info').call(uiIssuesInfo(context));
+           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'feature-warning').call(uiFeatureInfo(context));
+           var issueLinks = aboutList.append('li');
+           issueLinks.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bug', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('report_a_bug')).placement('top'));
+           issueLinks.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/CONTRIBUTING.md#translating').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-translate', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('help_translate')).placement('top'));
+           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'version').call(uiVersion(context));
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, syncTags);
-           if (skipWikidata || !value || !language()[2]) return; // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
+           if (!context.embed()) {
+             aboutList.call(uiAccount(context));
+           } // Setup map dimensions and move map to initial center/zoom.
+           // This should happen after .main-content and toolbars exist.
 
-           var initGraph = context.graph();
-           var initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;
-           wikidata.itemsByTitle(language()[2], value, function (err, data) {
-             if (err || !data || !Object.keys(data).length) return; // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
 
-             if (context.graph() !== initGraph) return;
-             var qids = Object.keys(data);
-             var value = qids && qids.find(function (id) {
-               return id.match(/^Q\d+$/);
-             });
-             var actions = initEntityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
-               var entity = context.entity(entityID).tags;
-               var currTags = Object.assign({}, entity); // shallow copy
+           ui.onResize();
+           map.redrawEnable(true);
+           ui.hash = behaviorHash(context);
+           ui.hash();
 
-               if (currTags.wikidata !== value) {
-                 currTags.wikidata = value;
-                 return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
-               }
+           if (!ui.hash.hadHash) {
+             map.centerZoom([0, 0], 2);
+           } // Bind events
 
-               return null;
-             }).filter(Boolean);
-             if (!actions.length) return; // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
 
-             context.overwrite(function actionUpdateWikidataTags(graph) {
-               actions.forEach(function (action) {
-                 graph = action(graph);
-               });
-               return graph;
-             }, context.history().undoAnnotation()); // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
-             // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
-           });
-         }
+           window.onbeforeunload = function () {
+             return context.save();
+           };
 
-         wiki.tags = function (tags) {
-           _tags = tags;
-           updateForTags(tags);
-         };
+           window.onunload = function () {
+             context.history().unlock();
+           };
 
-         function updateForTags(tags) {
-           var value = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : ''; // Expect tag format of `tagLang:tagArticleTitle`, e.g. `fr:Paris`, with
-           // optional suffix of `#anchor`
+           select(window).on('resize.editor', function () {
+             ui.onResize();
+           });
+           var panPixels = 80;
+           context.keybinding().on('⌫', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           }).on([_t('sidebar.key'), '`', '²', '@'], ui.sidebar.toggle) // #5663, #6864 - common QWERTY, AZERTY
+           .on('←', pan([panPixels, 0])).on('↑', pan([0, panPixels])).on('→', pan([-panPixels, 0])).on('↓', pan([0, -panPixels])).on(uiCmd('⌥←'), pan([map.dimensions()[0], 0])).on(uiCmd('⌥↑'), pan([0, map.dimensions()[1]])).on(uiCmd('⌥→'), pan([-map.dimensions()[0], 0])).on(uiCmd('⌥↓'), pan([0, -map.dimensions()[1]])).on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key')), function quickSwitch(d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             }
 
-           var m = value.match(/([^:]+):([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
-           var tagLang = m && m[1];
-           var tagArticleTitle = m && m[2];
-           var anchor = m && m[3];
+             var previousBackground = context.background().findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle'));
 
-           var tagLangInfo = tagLang && _dataWikipedia.find(function (d) {
-             return tagLang === d[2];
-           }); // value in correct format
+             if (previousBackground) {
+               var currentBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
+               corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', currentBackground.id);
+               corePreferences('background-last-used', previousBackground.id);
+               context.background().baseLayerSource(previousBackground);
+             }
+           }).on(_t('area_fill.wireframe.key'), function toggleWireframe(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             context.map().toggleWireframe();
+           }).on(uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key')), function toggleOsmData(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
 
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) return;
+             var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
 
-           if (tagLangInfo) {
-             var nativeLangName = tagLangInfo[1];
-             utilGetSetValue(_langInput, nativeLangName);
-             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, tagArticleTitle + (anchor ? '#' + anchor : ''));
+             if (layer) {
+               layer.enabled(!layer.enabled());
 
-             if (anchor) {
-               try {
-                 // Best-effort `anchorencode:` implementation
-                 anchor = encodeURIComponent(anchor.replace(/ /g, '_')).replace(/%/g, '.');
-               } catch (e) {
-                 anchor = anchor.replace(/ /g, '_');
+               if (!layer.enabled()) {
+                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                }
              }
+           }).on(_t('map_data.highlight_edits.key'), function toggleHighlightEdited(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
+           });
+           context.on('enter.editor', function (entered) {
+             container.classed('mode-' + entered.id, true);
+           }).on('exit.editor', function (exited) {
+             container.classed('mode-' + exited.id, false);
+           });
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
 
-             _wikiURL = 'https://' + tagLang + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + tagArticleTitle.replace(/ /g, '_') + (anchor ? '#' + anchor : ''); // unrecognized value format
-           } else {
-             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
-
-             if (value && value !== '') {
-               utilGetSetValue(_langInput, '');
-               var defaultLangInfo = defaultLanguageInfo();
-               _wikiURL = "https://".concat(defaultLangInfo[2], ".wikipedia.org/w/index.php?fulltext=1&search=").concat(value);
-             } else {
-               var shownOrDefaultLangInfo = language(true
-               /* skipEnglishFallback */
-               );
-               utilGetSetValue(_langInput, shownOrDefaultLangInfo[1]);
-               _wikiURL = '';
+           if (!_initCounter++) {
+             if (!ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
+               context.container().call(uiSplash(context)).call(uiRestore(context));
              }
-           }
-         }
-
-         wiki.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!_arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return wiki;
-         };
-
-         wiki.focus = function () {
-           _titleInput.node().focus();
-         };
 
-         return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-       uiFieldWikipedia.supportsMultiselection = false;
+             context.container().call(ui.shortcuts);
+           }
 
-       var uiFields = {
-         access: uiFieldAccess,
-         address: uiFieldAddress,
-         check: uiFieldCheck,
-         combo: uiFieldCombo,
-         cycleway: uiFieldCycleway,
-         defaultCheck: uiFieldCheck,
-         email: uiFieldText,
-         identifier: uiFieldText,
-         lanes: uiFieldLanes,
-         localized: uiFieldLocalized,
-         maxspeed: uiFieldMaxspeed,
-         manyCombo: uiFieldCombo,
-         multiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
-         networkCombo: uiFieldCombo,
-         number: uiFieldText,
-         onewayCheck: uiFieldCheck,
-         radio: uiFieldRadio,
-         restrictions: uiFieldRestrictions,
-         semiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
-         structureRadio: uiFieldRadio,
-         tel: uiFieldText,
-         text: uiFieldText,
-         textarea: uiFieldTextarea,
-         typeCombo: uiFieldCombo,
-         url: uiFieldText,
-         wikidata: uiFieldWikidata,
-         wikipedia: uiFieldWikipedia
-       };
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var auth = uiLoading(context).message(_t.html('loading_auth')).blocking(true);
 
-       function uiField(context, presetField, entityIDs, options) {
-         options = Object.assign({
-           show: true,
-           wrap: true,
-           remove: true,
-           revert: true,
-           info: true
-         }, options);
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'revert');
-         var field = Object.assign({}, presetField); // shallow copy
+           if (osm && auth) {
+             osm.on('authLoading.ui', function () {
+               context.container().call(auth);
+             }).on('authDone.ui', function () {
+               auth.close();
+             });
+           }
 
-         field.domId = utilUniqueDomId('form-field-' + field.safeid);
-         var _show = options.show;
-         var _state = '';
-         var _tags = {};
-         var _locked = false;
+           _initCounter++;
 
-         var _lockedTip = uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.lock.suggestion', {
-           label: field.label
-         })).placement('bottom');
+           if (ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
+             ui.hash.startWalkthrough = false;
+             context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
+           }
 
-         field.keys = field.keys || [field.key]; // only create the fields that are actually being shown
+           function pan(d) {
+             return function (d3_event) {
+               if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+               if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               context.map().pan(d, 100);
+             };
+           }
+         }
 
-         if (_show && !field.impl) {
-           createField();
-         } // Creates the field.. This is done lazily,
-         // once we know that the field will be shown.
+         var ui = {};
 
+         var _loadPromise; // renders the iD interface into the container node
 
-         function createField() {
-           field.impl = uiFields[field.type](field, context).on('change', function (t, onInput) {
-             dispatch$1.call('change', field, t, onInput);
-           });
 
-           if (entityIDs) {
-             field.entityIDs = entityIDs; // if this field cares about the entities, pass them along
+         ui.ensureLoaded = function () {
+           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
+           return _loadPromise = Promise.all([// must have strings and presets before loading the UI
+           _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded(), _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded()]).then(function () {
+             if (!context.container().empty()) render(context.container());
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             return console.error(err);
+           }); // eslint-disable-line
+         }; // `ui.restart()` will destroy and rebuild the entire iD interface,
+         // for example to switch the locale while iD is running.
 
-             if (field.impl.entityIDs) {
-               field.impl.entityIDs(entityIDs);
-             }
-           }
-         }
 
-         function isModified() {
-           if (!entityIDs || !entityIDs.length) return false;
-           return entityIDs.some(function (entityID) {
-             var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
-             var latest = context.graph().entity(entityID);
-             return field.keys.some(function (key) {
-               return original ? latest.tags[key] !== original.tags[key] : latest.tags[key];
-             });
-           });
-         }
+         ui.restart = function () {
+           context.keybinding().clear();
+           _loadPromise = null;
+           context.container().selectAll('*').remove();
+           ui.ensureLoaded();
+         };
 
-         function tagsContainFieldKey() {
-           return field.keys.some(function (key) {
-             if (field.type === 'multiCombo') {
-               for (var tagKey in _tags) {
-                 if (tagKey.indexOf(key) === 0) {
-                   return true;
-                 }
-               }
+         ui.lastPointerType = function () {
+           return _lastPointerType;
+         };
 
-               return false;
-             }
+         ui.svgDefs = svgDefs(context);
+         ui.flash = uiFlash(context);
+         ui.sidebar = uiSidebar(context);
+         ui.photoviewer = uiPhotoviewer(context);
+         ui.shortcuts = uiShortcuts(context);
 
-             return _tags[key] !== undefined;
-           });
-         }
+         ui.onResize = function (withPan) {
+           var map = context.map(); // Recalc dimensions of map and sidebar.. (`true` = force recalc)
+           // This will call `getBoundingClientRect` and trigger reflow,
+           //  but the values will be cached for later use.
 
-         function revert(d3_event, d) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           if (!entityIDs || _locked) return;
-           dispatch$1.call('revert', d, d.keys);
-         }
+           var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.main-content'), true);
+           utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'), true);
 
-         function remove(d3_event, d) {
-           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           if (_locked) return;
-           var t = {};
-           d.keys.forEach(function (key) {
-             t[key] = undefined;
-           });
-           dispatch$1.call('change', d, t);
-         }
+           if (withPan !== undefined) {
+             map.redrawEnable(false);
+             map.pan(withPan);
+             map.redrawEnable(true);
+           }
 
-         field.render = function (selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.form-field').data([field]); // Enter
+           map.dimensions(mapDimensions);
+           ui.photoviewer.onMapResize(); // check if header or footer have overflowed
 
-           var enter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'form-field form-field-' + d.safeid;
-           }).classed('nowrap', !options.wrap);
+           ui.checkOverflow('.top-toolbar');
+           ui.checkOverflow('.map-footer-bar'); // Use outdated code so it works on Explorer
 
-           if (options.wrap) {
-             var labelEnter = enter.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', function (d) {
-               return d.domId;
-             });
-             var textEnter = labelEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text');
-             textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textvalue').html(function (d) {
-               return d.label();
-             });
-             textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textannotation');
+           var resizeWindowEvent = document.createEvent('Event');
+           resizeWindowEvent.initEvent('resizeWindow', true, true);
+           document.dispatchEvent(resizeWindowEvent);
+         }; // Call checkOverflow when resizing or whenever the contents change.
 
-             if (options.remove) {
-               labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'remove-icon').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
-             }
 
-             if (options.revert) {
-               labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'modified-icon').attr('title', _t('icons.undo')).call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo'));
-             }
-           } // Update
+         ui.checkOverflow = function (selector, reset) {
+           if (reset) {
+             delete _needWidth[selector];
+           }
 
+           var selection = context.container().select(selector);
+           if (selection.empty()) return;
+           var scrollWidth = selection.property('scrollWidth');
+           var clientWidth = selection.property('clientWidth');
+           var needed = _needWidth[selector] || scrollWidth;
 
-           container = container.merge(enter);
-           container.select('.field-label > .remove-icon') // propagate bound data
-           .on('click', remove);
-           container.select('.field-label > .modified-icon') // propagate bound data
-           .on('click', revert);
-           container.each(function (d) {
-             var selection = select(this);
+           if (scrollWidth > clientWidth) {
+             // overflow happening
+             selection.classed('narrow', true);
 
-             if (!d.impl) {
-               createField();
+             if (!_needWidth[selector]) {
+               _needWidth[selector] = scrollWidth;
              }
+           } else if (scrollWidth >= needed) {
+             selection.classed('narrow', false);
+           }
+         };
 
-             var reference, help; // instantiate field help
-
-             if (options.wrap && field.type === 'restrictions') {
-               help = uiFieldHelp(context, 'restrictions');
-             } // instantiate tag reference
+         ui.togglePanes = function (showPane) {
+           var hidePanes = context.container().selectAll('.map-pane.shown');
+           var side = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left';
+           hidePanes.classed('shown', false).classed('hide', true);
+           context.container().selectAll('.map-pane-control button').classed('active', false);
 
+           if (showPane) {
+             hidePanes.classed('shown', false).classed('hide', true).style(side, '-500px');
+             context.container().selectAll('.' + showPane.attr('pane') + '-control button').classed('active', true);
+             showPane.classed('shown', true).classed('hide', false);
 
-             if (options.wrap && options.info) {
-               var referenceKey = d.key || '';
+             if (hidePanes.empty()) {
+               showPane.style(side, '-500px').transition().duration(200).style(side, '0px');
+             } else {
+               showPane.style(side, '0px');
+             }
+           } else {
+             hidePanes.classed('shown', true).classed('hide', false).style(side, '0px').transition().duration(200).style(side, '-500px').on('end', function () {
+               select(this).classed('shown', false).classed('hide', true);
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
-               if (d.type === 'multiCombo') {
-                 // lookup key without the trailing ':'
-                 referenceKey = referenceKey.replace(/:$/, '');
-               }
+         var _editMenu = uiEditMenu(context);
 
-               reference = uiTagReference(d.reference || {
-                 key: referenceKey
-               });
+         ui.editMenu = function () {
+           return _editMenu;
+         };
 
-               if (_state === 'hover') {
-                 reference.showing(false);
-               }
-             }
+         ui.showEditMenu = function (anchorPoint, triggerType, operations) {
+           // remove any displayed menu
+           ui.closeEditMenu();
+           if (!operations && context.mode().operations) operations = context.mode().operations();
+           if (!operations || !operations.length) return; // disable menu if in wide selection, for example
 
-             selection.call(d.impl); // add field help components
+           if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) return;
+           var surfaceNode = context.surface().node();
 
-             if (help) {
-               selection.call(help.body).select('.field-label').call(help.button);
-             } // add tag reference components
+           if (surfaceNode.focus) {
+             // FF doesn't support it
+             // focus the surface or else clicking off the menu may not trigger modeBrowse
+             surfaceNode.focus();
+           }
 
+           operations.forEach(function (operation) {
+             if (operation.point) operation.point(anchorPoint);
+           });
 
-             if (reference) {
-               selection.call(reference.body).select('.field-label').call(reference.button);
-             }
+           _editMenu.anchorLoc(anchorPoint).triggerType(triggerType).operations(operations); // render the menu
 
-             d.impl.tags(_tags);
-           });
-           container.classed('locked', _locked).classed('modified', isModified()).classed('present', tagsContainFieldKey()); // show a tip and lock icon if the field is locked
 
-           var annotation = container.selectAll('.field-label .label-textannotation');
-           var icon = annotation.selectAll('.icon').data(_locked ? [0] : []);
-           icon.exit().remove();
-           icon.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'icon').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#fas-lock');
-           container.call(_locked ? _lockedTip : _lockedTip.destroy);
+           context.map().supersurface.call(_editMenu);
          };
 
-         field.state = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-           _state = val;
-           return field;
+         ui.closeEditMenu = function () {
+           // remove any existing menu no matter how it was added
+           context.map().supersurface.select('.edit-menu').remove();
          };
 
-         field.tags = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-           _tags = val;
+         var _saveLoading = select(null);
 
-           if (tagsContainFieldKey() && !_show) {
-             // always show a field if it has a value to display
-             _show = true;
+         context.uploader().on('saveStarted.ui', function () {
+           _saveLoading = uiLoading(context).message(_t.html('save.uploading')).blocking(true);
+           context.container().call(_saveLoading); // block input during upload
+         }).on('saveEnded.ui', function () {
+           _saveLoading.close();
 
-             if (!field.impl) {
-               createField();
-             }
-           }
+           _saveLoading = select(null);
+         });
+         return ui;
+       }
 
-           return field;
-         };
+       function coreContext() {
+         var _this = this;
 
-         field.locked = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _locked;
-           _locked = val;
-           return field;
-         };
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('enter', 'exit', 'change');
+         var context = utilRebind({}, dispatch, 'on');
 
-         field.show = function () {
-           _show = true;
+         var _deferred = new Set();
 
-           if (!field.impl) {
-             createField();
-           }
+         context.version = '2.20.2';
+         context.privacyVersion = '20201202'; // iD will alter the hash so cache the parameters intended to setup the session
 
-           if (field["default"] && field.key && _tags[field.key] !== field["default"]) {
-             var t = {};
-             t[field.key] = field["default"];
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-           }
-         }; // A shown field has a visible UI, a non-shown field is in the 'Add field' dropdown
+         context.initialHashParams = window.location.hash ? utilStringQs(window.location.hash) : {};
+         context.isFirstSession = !corePreferences('sawSplash') && !corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion');
+         /* Changeset */
+         // An osmChangeset object. Not loaded until needed.
 
+         context.changeset = null;
+         var _defaultChangesetComment = context.initialHashParams.comment;
+         var _defaultChangesetSource = context.initialHashParams.source;
+         var _defaultChangesetHashtags = context.initialHashParams.hashtags;
 
-         field.isShown = function () {
-           return _show;
-         }; // An allowed field can appear in the UI or in the 'Add field' dropdown.
-         // A non-allowed field is hidden from the user altogether
+         context.defaultChangesetComment = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetComment;
+           _defaultChangesetComment = val;
+           return context;
+         };
 
+         context.defaultChangesetSource = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetSource;
+           _defaultChangesetSource = val;
+           return context;
+         };
 
-         field.isAllowed = function () {
-           if (entityIDs && entityIDs.length > 1 && uiFields[field.type].supportsMultiselection === false) return false;
-           if (field.geometry && !entityIDs.every(function (entityID) {
-             return field.matchGeometry(context.graph().geometry(entityID));
-           })) return false;
+         context.defaultChangesetHashtags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetHashtags;
+           _defaultChangesetHashtags = val;
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* Document title */
 
-           if (field.countryCodes || field.notCountryCodes) {
-             var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-             if (!extent) return true;
-             var center = extent.center();
-             var countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
-             if (!countryCode) return false;
-             countryCode = countryCode.toLowerCase();
+         /* (typically shown as the label for the browser window/tab) */
+         // If true, iD will update the title based on what the user is doing
 
-             if (field.countryCodes && field.countryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) === -1) {
-               return false;
-             }
 
-             if (field.notCountryCodes && field.notCountryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) !== -1) {
-               return false;
-             }
-           }
+         var _setsDocumentTitle = true;
 
-           var prerequisiteTag = field.prerequisiteTag;
+         context.setsDocumentTitle = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _setsDocumentTitle;
+           _setsDocumentTitle = val;
+           return context;
+         }; // The part of the title that is always the same
 
-           if (entityIDs && !tagsContainFieldKey() && // ignore tagging prerequisites if a value is already present
-           prerequisiteTag) {
-             if (!entityIDs.every(function (entityID) {
-               var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
 
-               if (prerequisiteTag.key) {
-                 var value = entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.key];
-                 if (!value) return false;
+         var _documentTitleBase = document.title;
 
-                 if (prerequisiteTag.valueNot) {
-                   return prerequisiteTag.valueNot !== value;
-                 }
+         context.documentTitleBase = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _documentTitleBase;
+           _documentTitleBase = val;
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* User interface and keybinding */
 
-                 if (prerequisiteTag.value) {
-                   return prerequisiteTag.value === value;
-                 }
-               } else if (prerequisiteTag.keyNot) {
-                 if (entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.keyNot]) return false;
-               }
 
-               return true;
-             })) return false;
-           }
+         var _ui;
 
-           return true;
+         context.ui = function () {
+           return _ui;
          };
 
-         field.focus = function () {
-           if (field.impl) {
-             field.impl.focus();
-           }
+         context.lastPointerType = function () {
+           return _ui.lastPointerType();
          };
 
-         function combinedEntityExtent() {
-           return entityIDs && entityIDs.length && entityIDs.reduce(function (extent, entityID) {
-             var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
-             return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-           }, geoExtent());
-         }
-
-         return utilRebind(field, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       function uiFormFields(context) {
-         var moreCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'more-fields').minItems(1);
-         var _fieldsArr = [];
-         var _lastPlaceholder = '';
-         var _state = '';
-         var _klass = '';
+         var _keybinding = utilKeybinding('context');
 
-         function formFields(selection) {
-           var allowedFields = _fieldsArr.filter(function (field) {
-             return field.isAllowed();
-           });
+         context.keybinding = function () {
+           return _keybinding;
+         };
 
-           var shown = allowedFields.filter(function (field) {
-             return field.isShown();
-           });
-           var notShown = allowedFields.filter(function (field) {
-             return !field.isShown();
-           });
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.form-fields-container').data([0]);
-           container = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-fields-container ' + (_klass || '')).merge(container);
-           var fields = container.selectAll('.wrap-form-field').data(shown, function (d) {
-             return d.id + (d.entityIDs ? d.entityIDs.join() : '');
-           });
-           fields.exit().remove(); // Enter
+         select(document).call(_keybinding);
+         /* Straight accessors. Avoid using these if you can. */
+         // Instantiate the connection here because it doesn't require passing in
+         // `context` and it's needed for pre-init calls like `preauth`
 
-           var enter = fields.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'wrap-form-field wrap-form-field-' + d.safeid;
-           }); // Update
+         var _connection = services.osm;
 
-           fields = fields.merge(enter);
-           fields.order().each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(d.render);
-           });
-           var titles = [];
-           var moreFields = notShown.map(function (field) {
-             var title = field.title();
-             titles.push(title);
-             var terms = field.terms();
-             if (field.key) terms.push(field.key);
-             if (field.keys) terms = terms.concat(field.keys);
-             return {
-               display: field.label(),
-               value: title,
-               title: title,
-               field: field,
-               terms: terms
-             };
-           });
-           var placeholder = titles.slice(0, 3).join(', ') + (titles.length > 3 ? '…' : '');
-           var more = selection.selectAll('.more-fields').data(_state === 'hover' || moreFields.length === 0 ? [] : [0]);
-           more.exit().remove();
-           var moreEnter = more.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'more-fields').append('label');
-           moreEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('inspector.add_fields'));
-           more = moreEnter.merge(more);
-           var input = more.selectAll('.value').data([0]);
-           input.exit().remove();
-           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('class', 'value').attr('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', placeholder).call(utilNoAuto).merge(input);
-           input.call(utilGetSetValue, '').call(moreCombo.data(moreFields).on('accept', function (d) {
-             if (!d) return; // user entered something that was not matched
+         var _history;
 
-             var field = d.field;
-             field.show();
-             selection.call(formFields); // rerender
+         var _validator;
 
-             field.focus();
-           })); // avoid updating placeholder excessively (triggers style recalc)
+         var _uploader;
 
-           if (_lastPlaceholder !== placeholder) {
-             input.attr('placeholder', placeholder);
-             _lastPlaceholder = placeholder;
-           }
-         }
+         context.connection = function () {
+           return _connection;
+         };
 
-         formFields.fieldsArr = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _fieldsArr;
-           _fieldsArr = val || [];
-           return formFields;
+         context.history = function () {
+           return _history;
          };
 
-         formFields.state = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-           _state = val;
-           return formFields;
+         context.validator = function () {
+           return _validator;
          };
 
-         formFields.klass = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _klass;
-           _klass = val;
-           return formFields;
+         context.uploader = function () {
+           return _uploader;
          };
+         /* Connection */
 
-         return formFields;
-       }
 
-       function uiSectionPresetFields(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('preset-fields', context).label(_t.html('inspector.fields')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'revert');
-         var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
+         context.preauth = function (options) {
+           if (_connection) {
+             _connection["switch"](options);
+           }
 
-         var _state;
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* connection options for source switcher (optional) */
 
-         var _fieldsArr;
 
-         var _presets = [];
+         var _apiConnections;
 
-         var _tags;
+         context.apiConnections = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _apiConnections;
+           _apiConnections = val;
+           return context;
+         }; // A string or array or locale codes to prefer over the browser's settings
 
-         var _entityIDs;
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           if (!_fieldsArr) {
-             var graph = context.graph();
-             var geometries = Object.keys(_entityIDs.reduce(function (geoms, entityID) {
-               geoms[graph.entity(entityID).geometry(graph)] = true;
-               return geoms;
-             }, {}));
-             var presetsManager = _mainPresetIndex;
-             var allFields = [];
-             var allMoreFields = [];
-             var sharedTotalFields;
+         context.locale = function (locale) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+           _mainLocalizer.preferredLocaleCodes(locale);
+           return context;
+         };
 
-             _presets.forEach(function (preset) {
-               var fields = preset.fields();
-               var moreFields = preset.moreFields();
-               allFields = utilArrayUnion(allFields, fields);
-               allMoreFields = utilArrayUnion(allMoreFields, moreFields);
+         function afterLoad(cid, callback) {
+           return function (err, result) {
+             if (err) {
+               // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
+               if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
+                 if (_connection) {
+                   _connection.logout();
+                 }
+               }
 
-               if (!sharedTotalFields) {
-                 sharedTotalFields = utilArrayUnion(fields, moreFields);
-               } else {
-                 sharedTotalFields = sharedTotalFields.filter(function (field) {
-                   return fields.indexOf(field) !== -1 || moreFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
-                 });
+               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
+                 callback(err);
                }
-             });
 
-             var sharedFields = allFields.filter(function (field) {
-               return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
-             });
-             var sharedMoreFields = allMoreFields.filter(function (field) {
-               return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
-             });
-             _fieldsArr = [];
-             sharedFields.forEach(function (field) {
-               if (field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
-                 _fieldsArr.push(uiField(context, field, _entityIDs));
+               return;
+             } else if (_connection && _connection.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
+               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
+                 callback({
+                   message: 'Connection Switched',
+                   status: -1
+                 });
                }
-             });
-             var singularEntity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
 
-             if (singularEntity && singularEntity.isHighwayIntersection(graph) && presetsManager.field('restrictions')) {
-               _fieldsArr.push(uiField(context, presetsManager.field('restrictions'), _entityIDs));
-             }
+               return;
+             } else {
+               _history.merge(result.data, result.extent);
 
-             var additionalFields = utilArrayUnion(sharedMoreFields, presetsManager.universal());
-             additionalFields.sort(function (field1, field2) {
-               return field1.label().localeCompare(field2.label(), _mainLocalizer.localeCode());
-             });
-             additionalFields.forEach(function (field) {
-               if (sharedFields.indexOf(field) === -1 && field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
-                 _fieldsArr.push(uiField(context, field, _entityIDs, {
-                   show: false
-                 }));
+               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
+                 callback(err, result);
                }
-             });
 
-             _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
-               field.on('change', function (t, onInput) {
-                 dispatch$1.call('change', field, _entityIDs, t, onInput);
-               }).on('revert', function (keys) {
-                 dispatch$1.call('revert', field, keys);
-               });
-             });
-           }
+               return;
+             }
+           };
+         }
 
-           _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
-             field.state(_state).tags(_tags);
-           });
+         context.loadTiles = function (projection, callback) {
+           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
 
-           selection.call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr).state(_state).klass('grouped-items-area'));
-           selection.selectAll('.wrap-form-field input').on('keydown', function (d3_event) {
-             // if user presses enter, and combobox is not active, accept edits..
-             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
-             context.container().select('.combobox').empty()) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
+               var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
+
+               _connection.loadTiles(projection, afterLoad(cid, callback));
              }
            });
-         }
 
-         section.presets = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _presets;
+           _deferred.add(handle);
+         };
 
-           if (!_presets || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_presets, val)) {
-             _presets = val;
-             _fieldsArr = null;
-           }
+         context.loadTileAtLoc = function (loc, callback) {
+           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
 
-           return section;
-         };
+             if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
+               var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
 
-         section.state = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-           _state = val;
-           return section;
-         };
+               _connection.loadTileAtLoc(loc, afterLoad(cid, callback));
+             }
+           });
 
-         section.tags = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-           _tags = val; // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
+           _deferred.add(handle);
+         }; // Download the full entity and its parent relations. The callback may be called multiple times.
 
-           return section;
-         };
 
-         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+         context.loadEntity = function (entityID, callback) {
+           if (_connection) {
+             var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
 
-           if (!val || !_entityIDs || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
-             _entityIDs = val;
-             _fieldsArr = null;
-           }
+             _connection.loadEntity(entityID, afterLoad(cid, callback)); // We need to fetch the parent relations separately.
 
-           return section;
+
+             _connection.loadEntityRelations(entityID, afterLoad(cid, callback));
+           }
          };
 
-         return utilRebind(section, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         context.zoomToEntity = function (entityID, zoomTo) {
+           // be sure to load the entity even if we're not going to zoom to it
+           context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
+             if (err) return;
 
-       function uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('raw-member-editor', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
-           if (!_entityIDs || _entityIDs.length !== 1) return false;
-           var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-           return entity && entity.type === 'relation';
-         }).label(function () {
-           var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-           if (!entity) return '';
-           var gt = entity.members.length > _maxMembers ? '>' : '';
-           var count = gt + entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).length;
-           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
-             title: _t.html('inspector.members'),
-             count: count
-           });
-         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
-         var taginfo = services.taginfo;
+             if (zoomTo !== false) {
+               var entity = result.data.find(function (e) {
+                 return e.id === entityID;
+               });
 
-         var _entityIDs;
+               if (entity) {
+                 _map.zoomTo(entity);
+               }
+             }
+           });
 
-         var _maxMembers = 1000;
+           _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(entityID)) return;
 
-         function downloadMember(d3_event, d) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault(); // display the loading indicator
+             _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
 
-           select(this.parentNode).classed('tag-reference-loading', true);
-           context.loadEntity(d.id, function () {
-             section.reRender();
+             context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
            });
-         }
 
-         function zoomToMember(d3_event, d) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           var entity = context.entity(d.id);
-           context.map().zoomToEase(entity); // highlight the feature in case it wasn't previously on-screen
+           context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', function () {
+             if (_mode.id !== 'browse') {
+               _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
 
-           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
-         }
+               context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
+             }
+           });
+         };
 
-         function selectMember(d3_event, d) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault(); // remove the hover-highlight styling
+         var _minEditableZoom = 16;
 
-           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
-           var entity = context.entity(d.id);
-           var mapExtent = context.map().extent();
+         context.minEditableZoom = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _minEditableZoom;
+           _minEditableZoom = val;
 
-           if (!entity.intersects(mapExtent, context.graph())) {
-             // zoom to the entity if its extent is not visible now
-             context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
+           if (_connection) {
+             _connection.tileZoom(val);
            }
 
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.id]));
-         }
+           return context;
+         }; // String length limits in Unicode characters, not JavaScript UTF-16 code units
 
-         function changeRole(d3_event, d) {
-           var oldRole = d.role;
-           var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));
 
-           if (oldRole !== newRole) {
-             var member = {
-               id: d.id,
-               type: d.type,
-               role: newRole
-             };
-             context.perform(actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, member, d.index), _t('operations.change_role.annotation', {
-               n: 1
-             }));
-             context.validator().validate();
-           }
-         }
+         context.maxCharsForTagKey = function () {
+           return 255;
+         };
 
-         function deleteMember(d3_event, d) {
-           // remove the hover-highlight styling
-           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
-           context.perform(actionDeleteMember(d.relation.id, d.index), _t('operations.delete_member.annotation', {
-             n: 1
-           }));
+         context.maxCharsForTagValue = function () {
+           return 255;
+         };
 
-           if (!context.hasEntity(d.relation.id)) {
-             // Removing the last member will also delete the relation.
-             // If this happens we need to exit the selection mode
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           } else {
-             // Changing the mode also runs `validate`, but otherwise we need to
-             // rerun it manually
-             context.validator().validate();
-           }
-         }
+         context.maxCharsForRelationRole = function () {
+           return 255;
+         };
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
-           var memberships = [];
-           var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-           entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).forEach(function (member, index) {
-             memberships.push({
-               index: index,
-               id: member.id,
-               type: member.type,
-               role: member.role,
-               relation: entity,
-               member: context.hasEntity(member.id),
-               domId: utilUniqueDomId(entityID + '-member-' + index)
-             });
-           });
-           var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list').data([0]);
-           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'member-list').merge(list);
-           var items = list.selectAll('li').data(memberships, function (d) {
-             return osmEntity.key(d.relation) + ',' + d.index + ',' + (d.member ? osmEntity.key(d.member) : 'incomplete');
-           });
-           items.exit().each(unbind).remove();
-           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'member-row form-field').classed('member-incomplete', function (d) {
-             return !d.member;
-           });
-           itemsEnter.each(function (d) {
-             var item = select(this);
-             var label = item.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', d.domId);
+         function cleanOsmString(val, maxChars) {
+           // be lenient with input
+           if (val === undefined || val === null) {
+             val = '';
+           } else {
+             val = val.toString();
+           } // remove whitespace
 
-             if (d.member) {
-               // highlight the member feature in the map while hovering on the list item
-               item.on('mouseover', function () {
-                 utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
-               }).on('mouseout', function () {
-                 utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
-               });
-               var labelLink = label.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text').append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', selectMember);
-               labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-type').html(function (d) {
-                 var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.member, context.graph());
-                 return matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(d.member.id);
-               });
-               labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-name').html(function (d) {
-                 return utilDisplayName(d.member);
-               });
-               label.append('button').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).attr('class', 'remove member-delete').call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
-               label.append('button').attr('class', 'member-zoom').attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome')).on('click', zoomToMember);
-             } else {
-               var labelText = label.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text');
-               labelText.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-type').html(_t.html('inspector.' + d.type, {
-                 id: d.id
-               }));
-               labelText.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-name').html(_t.html('inspector.incomplete', {
-                 id: d.id
-               }));
-               label.append('button').attr('class', 'member-download').attr('title', _t('icons.download')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load')).on('click', downloadMember);
-             }
-           });
-           var wrapEnter = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
-           wrapEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'member-role').attr('id', function (d) {
-             return d.domId;
-           }).property('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role')).call(utilNoAuto);
 
-           if (taginfo) {
-             wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
-           } // update
+           val = val.trim(); // use the canonical form of the string
 
+           if (val.normalize) val = val.normalize('NFC'); // trim to the number of allowed characters
 
-           items = items.merge(itemsEnter).order();
-           items.select('input.member-role').property('value', function (d) {
-             return d.role;
-           }).on('blur', changeRole).on('change', changeRole);
-           items.select('button.member-delete').on('click', deleteMember);
-           var dragOrigin, targetIndex;
-           items.call(d3_drag().on('start', function (d3_event) {
-             dragOrigin = {
-               x: d3_event.x,
-               y: d3_event.y
-             };
-             targetIndex = null;
-           }).on('drag', function (d3_event) {
-             var x = d3_event.x - dragOrigin.x,
-                 y = d3_event.y - dragOrigin.y;
-             if (!select(this).classed('dragging') && // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
-             Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) return;
-             var index = items.nodes().indexOf(this);
-             select(this).classed('dragging', true);
-             targetIndex = null;
-             selection.selectAll('li.member-row').style('transform', function (d2, index2) {
-               var node = select(this).node();
+           return utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(val, maxChars);
+         }
 
-               if (index === index2) {
-                 return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
-               } else if (index2 > index && d3_event.y > node.offsetTop) {
-                 if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
-                   targetIndex = index2;
-                 }
+         context.cleanTagKey = function (val) {
+           return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagKey());
+         };
 
-                 return 'translateY(-100%)';
-               } else if (index2 < index && d3_event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
-                 if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
-                   targetIndex = index2;
-                 }
+         context.cleanTagValue = function (val) {
+           return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagValue());
+         };
 
-                 return 'translateY(100%)';
-               }
+         context.cleanRelationRole = function (val) {
+           return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForRelationRole());
+         };
+         /* History */
 
-               return null;
-             });
-           }).on('end', function (d3_event, d) {
-             if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) return;
-             var index = items.nodes().indexOf(this);
-             select(this).classed('dragging', false);
-             selection.selectAll('li.member-row').style('transform', null);
 
-             if (targetIndex !== null) {
-               // dragged to a new position, reorder
-               context.perform(actionMoveMember(d.relation.id, index, targetIndex), _t('operations.reorder_members.annotation'));
-               context.validator().validate();
-             }
-           }));
+         var _inIntro = false;
 
-           function bindTypeahead(d) {
-             var row = select(this);
-             var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
-             var origValue = role.property('value');
+         context.inIntro = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _inIntro;
+           _inIntro = val;
+           return context;
+         }; // Immediately save the user's history to localstorage, if possible
+         // This is called someteimes, but also on the `window.onbeforeunload` handler
 
-             function sort(value, data) {
-               var sameletter = [];
-               var other = [];
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
-                 if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
-                   sameletter.push(data[i]);
-                 } else {
-                   other.push(data[i]);
-                 }
-               }
+         context.save = function () {
+           // no history save, no message onbeforeunload
+           if (_inIntro || context.container().select('.modal').size()) return;
+           var canSave;
 
-               return sameletter.concat(other);
-             }
+           if (_mode && _mode.id === 'save') {
+             canSave = false; // Attempt to prevent user from creating duplicate changes - see #5200
 
-             role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role').fetcher(function (role, callback) {
-               // The `geometry` param is used in the `taginfo.js` interface for
-               // filtering results, as a key into the `tag_members_fractions`
-               // object.  If we don't know the geometry because the member is
-               // not yet downloaded, it's ok to guess based on type.
-               var geometry;
+             if (services.osm && services.osm.isChangesetInflight()) {
+               _history.clearSaved();
 
-               if (d.member) {
-                 geometry = context.graph().geometry(d.member.id);
-               } else if (d.type === 'relation') {
-                 geometry = 'relation';
-               } else if (d.type === 'way') {
-                 geometry = 'line';
-               } else {
-                 geometry = 'point';
-               }
+               return;
+             }
+           } else {
+             canSave = context.selectedIDs().every(function (id) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(id);
+               return entity && !entity.isDegenerate();
+             });
+           }
 
-               var rtype = entity.tags.type;
-               taginfo.roles({
-                 debounce: true,
-                 rtype: rtype || '',
-                 geometry: geometry,
-                 query: role
-               }, function (err, data) {
-                 if (!err) callback(sort(role, data));
-               });
-             }).on('cancel', function () {
-               role.property('value', origValue);
-             }));
+           if (canSave) {
+             _history.save();
            }
 
-           function unbind() {
-             var row = select(this);
-             row.selectAll('input.member-role').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+           if (_history.hasChanges()) {
+             return _t('save.unsaved_changes');
            }
+         }; // Debounce save, since it's a synchronous localStorage write,
+         // and history changes can happen frequently (e.g. when dragging).
+
+
+         context.debouncedSave = debounce(context.save, 350);
+
+         function withDebouncedSave(fn) {
+           return function () {
+             var result = fn.apply(_history, arguments);
+             context.debouncedSave();
+             return result;
+           };
          }
+         /* Graph */
 
-         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return section;
+
+         context.hasEntity = function (id) {
+           return _history.graph().hasEntity(id);
          };
 
-         return section;
-       }
+         context.entity = function (id) {
+           return _history.graph().entity(id);
+         };
+         /* Modes */
 
-       function actionDeleteMembers(relationId, memberIndexes) {
-         return function (graph) {
-           // Remove the members in descending order so removals won't shift what members
-           // are at the remaining indexes
-           memberIndexes.sort(function (a, b) {
-             return b - a;
-           });
 
-           for (var i in memberIndexes) {
-             graph = actionDeleteMember(relationId, memberIndexes[i])(graph);
+         var _mode;
+
+         context.mode = function () {
+           return _mode;
+         };
+
+         context.enter = function (newMode) {
+           if (_mode) {
+             _mode.exit();
+
+             dispatch.call('exit', _this, _mode);
            }
 
-           return graph;
+           _mode = newMode;
+
+           _mode.enter();
+
+           dispatch.call('enter', _this, _mode);
          };
-       }
 
-       function uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('raw-membership-editor', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
-           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length;
-         }).label(function () {
-           var parents = getSharedParentRelations();
-           var gt = parents.length > _maxMemberships ? '>' : '';
-           var count = gt + parents.slice(0, _maxMemberships).length;
-           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
-             title: _t.html('inspector.relations'),
-             count: count
-           });
-         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
-         var taginfo = services.taginfo;
-         var nearbyCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'parent-relation').minItems(1).fetcher(fetchNearbyRelations).itemsMouseEnter(function (d3_event, d) {
-           if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
-         }).itemsMouseLeave(function (d3_event, d) {
-           if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
-         });
-         var _inChange = false;
-         var _entityIDs = [];
+         context.selectedIDs = function () {
+           return _mode && _mode.selectedIDs && _mode.selectedIDs() || [];
+         };
 
-         var _showBlank;
+         context.activeID = function () {
+           return _mode && _mode.activeID && _mode.activeID();
+         };
 
-         var _maxMemberships = 1000;
+         var _selectedNoteID;
 
-         function getSharedParentRelations() {
-           var parents = [];
+         context.selectedNoteID = function (noteID) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedNoteID;
+           _selectedNoteID = noteID;
+           return context;
+         }; // NOTE: Don't change the name of this until UI v3 is merged
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < _entityIDs.length; i++) {
-             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
-             if (!entity) continue;
 
-             if (i === 0) {
-               parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
-             } else {
-               parents = utilArrayIntersection(parents, context.graph().parentRelations(entity));
-             }
+         var _selectedErrorID;
 
-             if (!parents.length) break;
-           }
+         context.selectedErrorID = function (errorID) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedErrorID;
+           _selectedErrorID = errorID;
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* Behaviors */
 
-           return parents;
-         }
 
-         function getMemberships() {
-           var memberships = [];
-           var relations = getSharedParentRelations().slice(0, _maxMemberships);
-           var isMultiselect = _entityIDs.length > 1;
-           var i, relation, membership, index, member, indexedMember;
+         context.install = function (behavior) {
+           return context.surface().call(behavior);
+         };
 
-           for (i = 0; i < relations.length; i++) {
-             relation = relations[i];
-             membership = {
-               relation: relation,
-               members: [],
-               hash: osmEntity.key(relation)
-             };
+         context.uninstall = function (behavior) {
+           return context.surface().call(behavior.off);
+         };
+         /* Copy/Paste */
 
-             for (index = 0; index < relation.members.length; index++) {
-               member = relation.members[index];
 
-               if (_entityIDs.indexOf(member.id) !== -1) {
-                 indexedMember = Object.assign({}, member, {
-                   index: index
-                 });
-                 membership.members.push(indexedMember);
-                 membership.hash += ',' + index.toString();
+         var _copyGraph;
 
-                 if (!isMultiselect) {
-                   // For single selections, list one entry per membership per relation.
-                   // For multiselections, list one entry per relation.
-                   memberships.push(membership);
-                   membership = {
-                     relation: relation,
-                     members: [],
-                     hash: osmEntity.key(relation)
-                   };
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+         context.copyGraph = function () {
+           return _copyGraph;
+         };
 
-             if (membership.members.length) memberships.push(membership);
-           }
+         var _copyIDs = [];
 
-           memberships.forEach(function (membership) {
-             membership.domId = utilUniqueDomId('membership-' + membership.relation.id);
-             var roles = [];
-             membership.members.forEach(function (member) {
-               if (roles.indexOf(member.role) === -1) roles.push(member.role);
-             });
-             membership.role = roles.length === 1 ? roles[0] : roles;
-           });
-           return memberships;
-         }
+         context.copyIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _copyIDs;
+           _copyIDs = val;
+           _copyGraph = _history.graph();
+           return context;
+         };
 
-         function selectRelation(d3_event, d) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault(); // remove the hover-highlight styling
+         var _copyLonLat;
 
-           utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.relation.id]));
-         }
+         context.copyLonLat = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _copyLonLat;
+           _copyLonLat = val;
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* Background */
 
-         function zoomToRelation(d3_event, d) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           var entity = context.entity(d.relation.id);
-           context.map().zoomToEase(entity); // highlight the relation in case it wasn't previously on-screen
 
-           utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
-         }
+         var _background;
 
-         function changeRole(d3_event, d) {
-           if (d === 0) return; // called on newrow (shouldn't happen)
+         context.background = function () {
+           return _background;
+         };
+         /* Features */
 
-           if (_inChange) return; // avoid accidental recursive call #5731
 
-           var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));
-           if (!newRole.trim() && typeof d.role !== 'string') return;
-           var membersToUpdate = d.members.filter(function (member) {
-             return member.role !== newRole;
-           });
+         var _features;
 
-           if (membersToUpdate.length) {
-             _inChange = true;
-             context.perform(function actionChangeMemberRoles(graph) {
-               membersToUpdate.forEach(function (member) {
-                 var newMember = Object.assign({}, member, {
-                   role: newRole
-                 });
-                 delete newMember.index;
-                 graph = actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, newMember, member.index)(graph);
-               });
-               return graph;
-             }, _t('operations.change_role.annotation', {
-               n: membersToUpdate.length
-             }));
-             context.validator().validate();
-           }
+         context.features = function () {
+           return _features;
+         };
 
-           _inChange = false;
-         }
+         context.hasHiddenConnections = function (id) {
+           var graph = _history.graph();
 
-         function addMembership(d, role) {
-           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button
+           var entity = graph.entity(id);
+           return _features.hasHiddenConnections(entity, graph);
+         };
+         /* Photos */
 
-           _showBlank = false;
 
-           function actionAddMembers(relationId, ids, role) {
-             return function (graph) {
-               for (var i in ids) {
-                 var member = {
-                   id: ids[i],
-                   type: graph.entity(ids[i]).type,
-                   role: role
-                 };
-                 graph = actionAddMember(relationId, member)(graph);
-               }
+         var _photos;
 
-               return graph;
-             };
-           }
+         context.photos = function () {
+           return _photos;
+         };
+         /* Map */
 
-           if (d.relation) {
-             context.perform(actionAddMembers(d.relation.id, _entityIDs, role), _t('operations.add_member.annotation', {
-               n: _entityIDs.length
-             }));
-             context.validator().validate();
-           } else {
-             var relation = osmRelation();
-             context.perform(actionAddEntity(relation), actionAddMembers(relation.id, _entityIDs, role), _t('operations.add.annotation.relation')); // changing the mode also runs `validate`
 
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [relation.id]).newFeature(true));
-           }
-         }
+         var _map;
 
-         function deleteMembership(d3_event, d) {
-           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button
+         context.map = function () {
+           return _map;
+         };
 
-           if (d === 0) return; // called on newrow (shouldn't happen)
-           // remove the hover-highlight styling
+         context.layers = function () {
+           return _map.layers();
+         };
 
-           utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
-           var indexes = d.members.map(function (member) {
-             return member.index;
-           });
-           context.perform(actionDeleteMembers(d.relation.id, indexes), _t('operations.delete_member.annotation', {
-             n: _entityIDs.length
-           }));
-           context.validator().validate();
-         }
+         context.surface = function () {
+           return _map.surface;
+         };
 
-         function fetchNearbyRelations(q, callback) {
-           var newRelation = {
-             relation: null,
-             value: _t('inspector.new_relation'),
-             display: _t.html('inspector.new_relation')
-           };
-           var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
-           var result = [];
-           var graph = context.graph();
+         context.editableDataEnabled = function () {
+           return _map.editableDataEnabled();
+         };
 
-           function baseDisplayLabel(entity) {
-             var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-             var presetName = matched && matched.name() || _t('inspector.relation');
-             var entityName = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
-             return presetName + ' ' + entityName;
-           }
+         context.surfaceRect = function () {
+           return _map.surface.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+         };
 
-           var explicitRelation = q && context.hasEntity(q.toLowerCase());
+         context.editable = function () {
+           // don't allow editing during save
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           if (!mode || mode.id === 'save') return false;
+           return _map.editableDataEnabled();
+         };
+         /* Debug */
 
-           if (explicitRelation && explicitRelation.type === 'relation' && explicitRelation.id !== entityID) {
-             // loaded relation is specified explicitly, only show that
-             result.push({
-               relation: explicitRelation,
-               value: baseDisplayLabel(explicitRelation) + ' ' + explicitRelation.id
-             });
-           } else {
-             context.history().intersects(context.map().extent()).forEach(function (entity) {
-               if (entity.type !== 'relation' || entity.id === entityID) return;
-               var value = baseDisplayLabel(entity);
-               if (q && (value + ' ' + entity.id).toLowerCase().indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === -1) return;
-               result.push({
-                 relation: entity,
-                 value: value
-               });
-             });
-             result.sort(function (a, b) {
-               return osmRelation.creationOrder(a.relation, b.relation);
-             }); // Dedupe identical names by appending relation id - see #2891
 
-             var dupeGroups = Object.values(utilArrayGroupBy(result, 'value')).filter(function (v) {
-               return v.length > 1;
-             });
-             dupeGroups.forEach(function (group) {
-               group.forEach(function (obj) {
-                 obj.value += ' ' + obj.relation.id;
-               });
-             });
-           }
+         var _debugFlags = {
+           tile: false,
+           // tile boundaries
+           collision: false,
+           // label collision bounding boxes
+           imagery: false,
+           // imagery bounding polygons
+           target: false,
+           // touch targets
+           downloaded: false // downloaded data from osm
 
-           result.forEach(function (obj) {
-             obj.title = obj.value;
-           });
-           result.unshift(newRelation);
-           callback(result);
-         }
+         };
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var memberships = getMemberships();
-           var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list').data([0]);
-           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'member-list').merge(list);
-           var items = list.selectAll('li.member-row-normal').data(memberships, function (d) {
-             return d.hash;
-           });
-           items.exit().each(unbind).remove(); // Enter
+         context.debugFlags = function () {
+           return _debugFlags;
+         };
 
-           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'member-row member-row-normal form-field'); // highlight the relation in the map while hovering on the list item
+         context.getDebug = function (flag) {
+           return flag && _debugFlags[flag];
+         };
 
-           itemsEnter.on('mouseover', function (d3_event, d) {
-             utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
-           }).on('mouseout', function (d3_event, d) {
-             utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
-           });
-           var labelEnter = itemsEnter.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', function (d) {
-             return d.domId;
-           });
-           var labelLink = labelEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text').append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', selectRelation);
-           labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-type').html(function (d) {
-             var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.relation, context.graph());
-             return matched && matched.name() || _t('inspector.relation');
-           });
-           labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-name').html(function (d) {
-             return utilDisplayName(d.relation);
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'remove member-delete').call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete')).on('click', deleteMembership);
-           labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'member-zoom').attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome')).on('click', zoomToRelation);
-           var wrapEnter = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
-           wrapEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'member-role').attr('id', function (d) {
-             return d.domId;
-           }).property('type', 'text').property('value', function (d) {
-             return typeof d.role === 'string' ? d.role : '';
-           }).attr('title', function (d) {
-             return Array.isArray(d.role) ? d.role.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : d.role;
-           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
-             return Array.isArray(d.role) ? _t('inspector.multiple_roles') : _t('inspector.role');
-           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
-             return Array.isArray(d.role);
-           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('blur', changeRole).on('change', changeRole);
+         context.setDebug = function (flag, val) {
+           if (arguments.length === 1) val = true;
+           _debugFlags[flag] = val;
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* Container */
 
-           if (taginfo) {
-             wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
-           }
 
-           var newMembership = list.selectAll('.member-row-new').data(_showBlank ? [0] : []); // Exit
+         var _container = select(null);
 
-           newMembership.exit().remove(); // Enter
+         context.container = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _container;
+           _container = val;
 
-           var newMembershipEnter = newMembership.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'member-row member-row-new form-field');
-           var newLabelEnter = newMembershipEnter.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label');
-           newLabelEnter.append('input').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.choose_relation')).attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'member-entity-input').call(utilNoAuto);
-           newLabelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'remove member-delete').call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete')).on('click', function () {
-             list.selectAll('.member-row-new').remove();
-           });
-           var newWrapEnter = newMembershipEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
-           newWrapEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'member-role').property('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role')).call(utilNoAuto); // Update
+           _container.classed('ideditor', true);
 
-           newMembership = newMembership.merge(newMembershipEnter);
-           newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input').on('blur', cancelEntity) // if it wasn't accepted normally, cancel it
-           .call(nearbyCombo.on('accept', acceptEntity).on('cancel', cancelEntity)); // Container for the Add button
+           return context;
+         };
 
-           var addRow = selection.selectAll('.add-row').data([0]); // enter
+         context.containerNode = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return context.container().node();
+           context.container(select(val));
+           return context;
+         };
 
-           var addRowEnter = addRow.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'add-row');
-           var addRelationButton = addRowEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'add-relation');
-           addRelationButton.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light'));
-           addRelationButton.call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.add_to_relation')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left'));
-           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-value'); // preserve space
+         var _embed;
 
-           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-buttons'); // preserve space
-           // update
+         context.embed = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _embed;
+           _embed = val;
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* Assets */
 
-           addRow = addRow.merge(addRowEnter);
-           addRow.select('.add-relation').on('click', function () {
-             _showBlank = true;
-             section.reRender();
-             list.selectAll('.member-entity-input').node().focus();
-           });
 
-           function acceptEntity(d) {
-             if (!d) {
-               cancelEntity();
-               return;
-             } // remove hover-higlighting
+         var _assetPath = '';
 
+         context.assetPath = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _assetPath;
+           _assetPath = val;
+           _mainFileFetcher.assetPath(val);
+           return context;
+         };
 
-             if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
-             var role = context.cleanRelationRole(list.selectAll('.member-row-new .member-role').property('value'));
-             addMembership(d, role);
-           }
+         var _assetMap = {};
 
-           function cancelEntity() {
-             var input = newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input');
-             input.property('value', ''); // remove hover-higlighting
+         context.assetMap = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _assetMap;
+           _assetMap = val;
+           _mainFileFetcher.assetMap(val);
+           return context;
+         };
 
-             context.surface().selectAll('.highlighted').classed('highlighted', false);
-           }
+         context.asset = function (val) {
+           if (/^http(s)?:\/\//i.test(val)) return val;
+           var filename = _assetPath + val;
+           return _assetMap[filename] || filename;
+         };
 
-           function bindTypeahead(d) {
-             var row = select(this);
-             var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
-             var origValue = role.property('value');
+         context.imagePath = function (val) {
+           return context.asset("img/".concat(val));
+         };
+         /* reset (aka flush) */
 
-             function sort(value, data) {
-               var sameletter = [];
-               var other = [];
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
-                 if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
-                   sameletter.push(data[i]);
-                 } else {
-                   other.push(data[i]);
-                 }
-               }
+         context.reset = context.flush = function () {
+           context.debouncedSave.cancel();
+           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
+             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
 
-               return sameletter.concat(other);
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+           });
+           Object.values(services).forEach(function (service) {
+             if (service && typeof service.reset === 'function') {
+               service.reset(context);
              }
+           });
+           context.changeset = null;
 
-             role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role').fetcher(function (role, callback) {
-               var rtype = d.relation.tags.type;
-               taginfo.roles({
-                 debounce: true,
-                 rtype: rtype || '',
-                 geometry: context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]),
-                 query: role
-               }, function (err, data) {
-                 if (!err) callback(sort(role, data));
-               });
-             }).on('cancel', function () {
-               role.property('value', origValue);
-             }));
-           }
+           _validator.reset();
 
-           function unbind() {
-             var row = select(this);
-             row.selectAll('input.member-role').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
-           }
-         }
+           _features.reset();
 
-         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           _showBlank = false;
-           return section;
-         };
+           _history.reset();
 
-         return section;
-       }
+           _uploader.reset(); // don't leave stale state in the inspector
 
-       function uiSectionSelectionList(context) {
-         var _selectedIDs = [];
-         var section = uiSection('selected-features', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
-           return _selectedIDs.length > 1;
-         }).label(function () {
-           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
-             title: _t.html('inspector.features'),
-             count: _selectedIDs.length
-           });
-         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
-         context.history().on('change.selectionList', function (difference) {
-           if (difference) {
-             section.reRender();
-           }
-         });
 
-         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedIDs;
-           _selectedIDs = val;
-           return section;
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap *').remove();
+           return context;
          };
+         /* Projections */
 
-         function selectEntity(d3_event, entity) {
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));
-         }
 
-         function deselectEntity(d3_event, entity) {
-           var selectedIDs = _selectedIDs.slice();
+         context.projection = geoRawMercator();
+         context.curtainProjection = geoRawMercator();
+         /* Init */
 
-           var index = selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id);
+         context.init = function () {
+           instantiateInternal();
+           initializeDependents();
+           return context; // Load variables and properties. No property of `context` should be accessed
+           // until this is complete since load statuses are indeterminate. The order
+           // of instantiation shouldn't matter.
 
-           if (index > -1) {
-             selectedIDs.splice(index, 1);
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
-           }
-         }
+           function instantiateInternal() {
+             _history = coreHistory(context);
+             context.graph = _history.graph;
+             context.pauseChangeDispatch = _history.pauseChangeDispatch;
+             context.resumeChangeDispatch = _history.resumeChangeDispatch;
+             context.perform = withDebouncedSave(_history.perform);
+             context.replace = withDebouncedSave(_history.replace);
+             context.pop = withDebouncedSave(_history.pop);
+             context.overwrite = withDebouncedSave(_history.overwrite);
+             context.undo = withDebouncedSave(_history.undo);
+             context.redo = withDebouncedSave(_history.redo);
+             _validator = coreValidator(context);
+             _uploader = coreUploader(context);
+             _background = rendererBackground(context);
+             _features = rendererFeatures(context);
+             _map = rendererMap(context);
+             _photos = rendererPhotos(context);
+             _ui = uiInit(context);
+           } // Set up objects that might need to access properties of `context`. The order
+           // might matter if dependents make calls to each other. Be wary of async calls.
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var list = selection.selectAll('.feature-list').data([0]);
-           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'feature-list').merge(list);
 
-           var entities = _selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
-             return context.hasEntity(id);
-           }).filter(Boolean);
+           function initializeDependents() {
+             if (context.initialHashParams.presets) {
+               _mainPresetIndex.addablePresetIDs(new Set(context.initialHashParams.presets.split(',')));
+             }
 
-           var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item').data(entities, osmEntity.key);
-           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
+             if (context.initialHashParams.locale) {
+               _mainLocalizer.preferredLocaleCodes(context.initialHashParams.locale);
+             } // kick off some async work
 
-           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'feature-list-item').each(function (d) {
-             select(this).on('mouseover', function () {
-               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
-             }).on('mouseout', function () {
-               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+
+             _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded();
+
+             _background.ensureLoaded();
+
+             _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded();
+             Object.values(services).forEach(function (service) {
+               if (service && typeof service.init === 'function') {
+                 service.init();
+               }
              });
-           });
-           var label = enter.append('button').attr('class', 'label').on('click', selectEntity);
-           label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-geom-icon').call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text'));
-           label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-type');
-           label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name');
-           enter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.deselect')).on('click', deselectEntity).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close')); // Update
 
-           items = items.merge(enter);
-           items.selectAll('.entity-geom-icon use').attr('href', function () {
-             var entity = this.parentNode.parentNode.__data__;
-             return '#iD-icon-' + entity.geometry(context.graph());
-           });
-           items.selectAll('.entity-type').html(function (entity) {
-             return _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph()).name();
-           });
-           items.selectAll('.entity-name').html(function (d) {
-             // fetch latest entity
-             var entity = context.entity(d.id);
-             return utilDisplayName(entity);
-           });
-         }
+             _map.init();
 
-         return section;
-       }
+             _validator.init();
 
-       function uiEntityEditor(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('choose');
-         var _state = 'select';
-         var _coalesceChanges = false;
-         var _modified = false;
+             _features.init();
 
-         var _base;
+             if (services.maprules && context.initialHashParams.maprules) {
+               d3_json(context.initialHashParams.maprules).then(function (mapcss) {
+                 services.maprules.init();
+                 mapcss.forEach(function (mapcssSelector) {
+                   return services.maprules.addRule(mapcssSelector);
+                 });
+               })["catch"](function () {
+                 /* ignore */
+               });
+             } // if the container isn't available, e.g. when testing, don't load the UI
 
-         var _entityIDs;
 
-         var _activePresets = [];
+             if (!context.container().empty()) {
+               _ui.ensureLoaded().then(function () {
+                 _photos.init();
+               });
+             }
+           }
+         };
 
-         var _newFeature;
+         return context;
+       }
 
-         var _sections;
+       // NSI contains the most correct tagging for many commonly mapped features.
+       // See https://github.com/osmlab/name-suggestion-index  and  https://nsi.guide
+       // DATA
 
-         function entityEditor(selection) {
-           var combinedTags = utilCombinedTags(_entityIDs, context.graph()); // Header
+       var _nsiStatus = 'loading'; // 'loading', 'ok', 'failed'
 
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]); // Enter
+       var _nsi = {}; // Sometimes we can upgrade a feature tagged like `building=yes` to a better tag.
 
-           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-reset preset-choose').call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward'));
-           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }).call(svgIcon(_modified ? '#iD-icon-apply' : '#iD-icon-close'));
-           headerEnter.append('h3'); // Update
+       var buildingPreset = {
+         'building/commercial': true,
+         'building/government': true,
+         'building/hotel': true,
+         'building/retail': true,
+         'building/office': true,
+         'building/supermarket': true,
+         'building/yes': true
+       }; // Exceptions to the namelike regexes.
+       // Usually a tag suffix contains a language code like `name:en`, `name:ru`
+       // but we want to exclude things like `operator:type`, `name:etymology`, etc..
 
-           header = header.merge(headerEnter);
-           header.selectAll('h3').html(_entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t.html('inspector.edit') : _t.html('inspector.edit_features'));
-           header.selectAll('.preset-reset').on('click', function () {
-             dispatch$1.call('choose', this, _activePresets);
-           }); // Body
+       var notNames = /:(colou?r|type|forward|backward|left|right|etymology|pronunciation|wikipedia)$/i; // Exceptions to the branchlike regexes
 
-           var body = selection.selectAll('.inspector-body').data([0]); // Enter
+       var notBranches = /(coop|express|wireless|factory|outlet)/i; // PRIVATE FUNCTIONS
+       // `setNsiSources()`
+       // Adds the sources to iD's filemap so we can start downloading data.
+       //
 
-           var bodyEnter = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'entity-editor inspector-body sep-top'); // Update
+       function setNsiSources() {
+         var nsiVersion = packageJSON.devDependencies['name-suggestion-index'];
+         var v = parseVersion(nsiVersion);
+         var vMinor = "".concat(v.major, ".").concat(v.minor);
+         var sources = {
+           'nsi_data': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/nsi.min.json"),
+           'nsi_dissolved': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/dissolved.min.json"),
+           'nsi_features': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/featureCollection.min.json"),
+           'nsi_generics': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/genericWords.min.json"),
+           'nsi_presets': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/presets/nsi-id-presets.min.json"),
+           'nsi_replacements': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/replacements.min.json"),
+           'nsi_trees': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/trees.min.json")
+         };
+         var fileMap = _mainFileFetcher.fileMap();
+
+         for (var k in sources) {
+           if (!fileMap[k]) fileMap[k] = sources[k];
+         }
+       } // `loadNsiPresets()`
+       //  Returns a Promise fulfilled when the presets have been downloaded and merged into iD.
+       //
 
-           body = body.merge(bodyEnter);
 
-           if (!_sections) {
-             _sections = [uiSectionSelectionList(context), uiSectionFeatureType(context).on('choose', function (presets) {
-               dispatch$1.call('choose', this, presets);
-             }), uiSectionEntityIssues(context), uiSectionPresetFields(context).on('change', changeTags).on('revert', revertTags), uiSectionRawTagEditor('raw-tag-editor', context).on('change', changeTags), uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context), uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context)];
-           }
+       function loadNsiPresets() {
+         return Promise.all([_mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_presets'), _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_features')]).then(function (vals) {
+           // Add `suggestion=true` to all the nsi presets
+           // The preset json schema doesn't include it, but the iD code still uses it
+           Object.values(vals[0].presets).forEach(function (preset) {
+             return preset.suggestion = true;
+           });
+           _mainPresetIndex.merge({
+             presets: vals[0].presets,
+             featureCollection: vals[1]
+           });
+         });
+       } // `loadNsiData()`
+       //  Returns a Promise fulfilled when the other data have been downloaded and processed
+       //
 
-           _sections.forEach(function (section) {
-             if (section.entityIDs) {
-               section.entityIDs(_entityIDs);
-             }
 
-             if (section.presets) {
-               section.presets(_activePresets);
-             }
+       function loadNsiData() {
+         return Promise.all([_mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_data'), _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_dissolved'), _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_replacements'), _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_trees')]).then(function (vals) {
+           _nsi = {
+             data: vals[0].nsi,
+             // the raw name-suggestion-index data
+             dissolved: vals[1].dissolved,
+             // list of dissolved items
+             replacements: vals[2].replacements,
+             // trivial old->new qid replacements
+             trees: vals[3].trees,
+             // metadata about trees, main tags
+             kvt: new Map(),
+             // Map (k -> Map (v -> t) )
+             qids: new Map(),
+             // Map (wd/wp tag values -> qids)
+             ids: new Map() // Map (id -> NSI item)
 
-             if (section.tags) {
-               section.tags(combinedTags);
-             }
+           };
+           _nsi.matcher = new Matcher();
 
-             if (section.state) {
-               section.state(_state);
-             }
+           _nsi.matcher.buildMatchIndex(_nsi.data);
 
-             body.call(section.render);
-           });
+           _nsi.matcher.buildLocationIndex(_nsi.data, _mainLocations.loco());
 
-           context.history().on('change.entity-editor', historyChanged);
+           Object.keys(_nsi.data).forEach(function (tkv) {
+             var category = _nsi.data[tkv];
+             var parts = tkv.split('/', 3); // tkv = "tree/key/value"
+
+             var t = parts[0];
+             var k = parts[1];
+             var v = parts[2]; // Build a reverse index of keys -> values -> trees present in the name-suggestion-index
+             // Collect primary keys  (e.g. "amenity", "craft", "shop", "man_made", "route", etc)
+             // "amenity": {
+             //   "restaurant": "brands"
+             // }
+
+             var vmap = _nsi.kvt.get(k);
 
-           function historyChanged(difference) {
-             if (selection.selectAll('.entity-editor').empty()) return;
-             if (_state === 'hide') return;
-             var significant = !difference || difference.didChange.properties || difference.didChange.addition || difference.didChange.deletion;
-             if (!significant) return;
-             _entityIDs = _entityIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
-             if (!_entityIDs.length) return;
-             var priorActivePreset = _activePresets.length === 1 && _activePresets[0];
-             loadActivePresets();
-             var graph = context.graph();
-             entityEditor.modified(_base !== graph);
-             entityEditor(selection);
+             if (!vmap) {
+               vmap = new Map();
 
-             if (priorActivePreset && _activePresets.length === 1 && priorActivePreset !== _activePresets[0]) {
-               // flash the button to indicate the preset changed
-               context.container().selectAll('.entity-editor button.preset-reset .label').style('background-color', '#fff').transition().duration(750).style('background-color', null);
+               _nsi.kvt.set(k, vmap);
              }
-           }
-         } // Tag changes that fire on input can all get coalesced into a single
-         // history operation when the user leaves the field.  #2342
-         // Use explicit entityIDs in case the selection changes before the event is fired.
 
+             vmap.set(v, t);
+             var tree = _nsi.trees[t]; // e.g. "brands", "operators"
 
-         function changeTags(entityIDs, changed, onInput) {
-           var actions = [];
+             var mainTag = tree.mainTag; // e.g. "brand:wikidata", "operator:wikidata", etc
 
-           for (var i in entityIDs) {
-             var entityID = entityIDs[i];
-             var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-             var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+             var items = category.items || [];
+             items.forEach(function (item) {
+               // Remember some useful things for later, cache NSI id -> item
+               item.tkv = tkv;
+               item.mainTag = mainTag;
 
-             for (var k in changed) {
-               if (!k) continue;
-               var v = changed[k];
+               _nsi.ids.set(item.id, item); // Cache Wikidata/Wikipedia values -> qid, for #6416
 
-               if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
-                 tags[k] = v;
-               }
-             }
 
-             if (!onInput) {
-               tags = utilCleanTags(tags);
-             }
+               var wd = item.tags[mainTag];
+               var wp = item.tags[mainTag.replace('wikidata', 'wikipedia')];
+               if (wd) _nsi.qids.set(wd, wd);
+               if (wp && wd) _nsi.qids.set(wp, wd);
+             });
+           });
+         });
+       } // `gatherKVs()`
+       // Gather all the k/v pairs that we will run through the NSI matcher.
+       // An OSM tags object can contain anything, but only a few tags will be interesting to NSI.
+       //
+       // This function will return the interesting tag pairs like:
+       //   "amenity/restaurant", "man_made/flagpole"
+       // and fallbacks like
+       //   "amenity/yes"
+       // excluding things like
+       //   "tiger:reviewed", "surface", "ref", etc.
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       // Returns
+       //   `Object` containing kv pairs to test:
+       //   {
+       //     'primary': Set(),
+       //     'alternate': Set()
+       //   }
+       //
 
-             if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
-               actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
-             }
-           }
 
-           if (actions.length) {
-             var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph) {
-               actions.forEach(function (action) {
-                 graph = action(graph);
-               });
-               return graph;
-             };
+       function gatherKVs(tags) {
+         var primary = new Set();
+         var alternate = new Set();
+         Object.keys(tags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+           var osmvalue = tags[osmkey];
+           if (!osmvalue) return; // Match a 'route_master' as if it were a 'route' - name-suggestion-index#5184
 
-             var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');
+           if (osmkey === 'route_master') osmkey = 'route';
 
-             if (_coalesceChanges) {
-               context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
-             } else {
-               context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
-               _coalesceChanges = !!onInput;
-             }
-           } // if leaving field (blur event), rerun validation
+           var vmap = _nsi.kvt.get(osmkey);
 
+           if (!vmap) return; // not an interesting key
 
-           if (!onInput) {
-             context.validator().validate();
+           if (vmap.get(osmvalue)) {
+             // Matched a category in NSI
+             primary.add("".concat(osmkey, "/").concat(osmvalue)); // interesting key/value
+           } else if (osmvalue === 'yes') {
+             alternate.add("".concat(osmkey, "/").concat(osmvalue)); // fallback key/yes
            }
-         }
+         }); // Can we try a generic building fallback match? - See #6122, #7197
+         // Only try this if we do a preset match and find nothing else remarkable about that building.
+         // For example, a way with `building=yes` + `name=Westfield` may be a Westfield department store.
+         // But a way with `building=yes` + `name=Westfield` + `public_transport=station` is a train station for a town named "Westfield"
 
-         function revertTags(keys) {
-           var actions = [];
+         var preset = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tags, 'area');
 
-           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-             var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
-             var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
-             var changed = {};
+         if (buildingPreset[preset.id]) {
+           alternate.add('building/yes');
+         }
 
-             for (var j in keys) {
-               var key = keys[j];
-               changed[key] = original ? original.tags[key] : undefined;
-             }
+         return {
+           primary: primary,
+           alternate: alternate
+         };
+       } // `identifyTree()`
+       // NSI has a concept of trees: "brands", "operators", "flags", "transit".
+       // The tree determines things like which tags are namelike, and which tags hold important wikidata.
+       // This takes an Object of tags and tries to identify what tree to use.
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       // Returns
+       //   `string` the name of the tree if known
+       //   or 'unknown' if it could match several trees (e.g. amenity/yes)
+       //   or null if no match
+       //
 
-             var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-             var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-             for (var k in changed) {
-               if (!k) continue;
-               var v = changed[k];
+       function identifyTree(tags) {
+         var unknown;
+         var t; // Check all tags
 
-               if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
-                 tags[k] = v;
-               }
-             }
+         Object.keys(tags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+           if (t) return; // found already
 
-             tags = utilCleanTags(tags);
+           var osmvalue = tags[osmkey];
+           if (!osmvalue) return; // Match a 'route_master' as if it were a 'route' - name-suggestion-index#5184
 
-             if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
-               actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
-             }
-           }
+           if (osmkey === 'route_master') osmkey = 'route';
 
-           if (actions.length) {
-             var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph) {
-               actions.forEach(function (action) {
-                 graph = action(graph);
-               });
-               return graph;
-             };
+           var vmap = _nsi.kvt.get(osmkey);
 
-             var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');
+           if (!vmap) return; // this key is not in nsi
 
-             if (_coalesceChanges) {
-               context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
-             } else {
-               context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
-               _coalesceChanges = false;
-             }
+           if (osmvalue === 'yes') {
+             unknown = 'unknown';
+           } else {
+             t = vmap.get(osmvalue);
            }
+         });
+         return t || unknown || null;
+       } // `gatherNames()`
+       // Gather all the namelike values that we will run through the NSI matcher.
+       // It will gather values primarily from tags `name`, `name:ru`, `flag:name`
+       //  and fallback to alternate tags like `brand`, `brand:ru`, `alt_name`
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       // Returns
+       //   `Object` containing namelike values to test:
+       //   {
+       //     'primary': Set(),
+       //     'fallbacks': Set()
+       //   }
+       //
 
-           context.validator().validate();
-         }
 
-         entityEditor.modified = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _modified;
-           _modified = val;
-           return entityEditor;
+       function gatherNames(tags) {
+         var empty = {
+           primary: new Set(),
+           alternate: new Set()
          };
+         var primary = new Set();
+         var alternate = new Set();
+         var foundSemi = false;
+         var testNameFragments = false;
+         var patterns; // Patterns for matching OSM keys that might contain namelike values.
+         // These roughly correspond to the "trees" concept in name-suggestion-index,
 
-         entityEditor.state = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-           _state = val;
-           return entityEditor;
-         };
+         var t = identifyTree(tags);
+         if (!t) return empty;
 
-         entityEditor.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           if (val && _entityIDs && utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) return entityEditor; // exit early if no change
+         if (t === 'transit') {
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^network$/i,
+             alternate: /^(operator|operator:\w+|network:\w+|\w+_name|\w+_name:\w+)$/i
+           };
+         } else if (t === 'flags') {
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^(flag:name|flag:name:\w+)$/i,
+             alternate: /^(flag|flag:\w+|subject|subject:\w+)$/i // note: no `country`, we special-case it below
 
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           _base = context.graph();
-           _coalesceChanges = false;
-           loadActivePresets(true);
-           return entityEditor.modified(false);
-         };
+           };
+         } else if (t === 'brands') {
+           testNameFragments = true;
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^(name|name:\w+)$/i,
+             alternate: /^(brand|brand:\w+|operator|operator:\w+|\w+_name|\w+_name:\w+)/i
+           };
+         } else if (t === 'operators') {
+           testNameFragments = true;
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^(name|name:\w+|operator|operator:\w+)$/i,
+             alternate: /^(brand|brand:\w+|\w+_name|\w+_name:\w+)/i
+           };
+         } else {
+           // unknown/multiple
+           testNameFragments = true;
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^(name|name:\w+)$/i,
+             alternate: /^(brand|brand:\w+|network|network:\w+|operator|operator:\w+|\w+_name|\w+_name:\w+)/i
+           };
+         } // Test `name` fragments, longest to shortest, to fit them into a "Name Branch" pattern.
+         // e.g. "TUI ReiseCenter - Neuss Innenstadt" -> ["TUI", "ReiseCenter", "Neuss", "Innenstadt"]
 
-         entityEditor.newFeature = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
-           _newFeature = val;
-           return entityEditor;
-         };
 
-         function loadActivePresets(isForNewSelection) {
-           var graph = context.graph();
-           var counts = {};
+         if (tags.name && testNameFragments) {
+           var nameParts = tags.name.split(/[\s\-\/,.]/);
 
-           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-             var entity = graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
-             if (!entity) return;
-             var match = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-             if (!counts[match.id]) counts[match.id] = 0;
-             counts[match.id] += 1;
+           for (var split = nameParts.length; split > 0; split--) {
+             var name = nameParts.slice(0, split).join(' '); // e.g. "TUI ReiseCenter"
+
+             primary.add(name);
            }
+         } // Check all tags
 
-           var matches = Object.keys(counts).sort(function (p1, p2) {
-             return counts[p2] - counts[p1];
-           }).map(function (pID) {
-             return _mainPresetIndex.item(pID);
-           });
 
-           if (!isForNewSelection) {
-             // A "weak" preset doesn't set any tags. (e.g. "Address")
-             var weakPreset = _activePresets.length === 1 && !_activePresets[0].isFallback() && Object.keys(_activePresets[0].addTags || {}).length === 0; // Don't replace a weak preset with a fallback preset (e.g. "Point")
+         Object.keys(tags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+           var osmvalue = tags[osmkey];
+           if (!osmvalue) return;
 
-             if (weakPreset && matches.length === 1 && matches[0].isFallback()) return;
+           if (isNamelike(osmkey, 'primary')) {
+             if (/;/.test(osmvalue)) {
+               foundSemi = true;
+             } else {
+               primary.add(osmvalue);
+               alternate["delete"](osmvalue);
+             }
+           } else if (!primary.has(osmvalue) && isNamelike(osmkey, 'alternate')) {
+             if (/;/.test(osmvalue)) {
+               foundSemi = true;
+             } else {
+               alternate.add(osmvalue);
+             }
            }
+         }); // For flags only, fallback to `country` tag only if no other namelike values were found.
+         // See https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/pull/8305#issuecomment-769174070
 
-           entityEditor.presets(matches);
+         if (tags.man_made === 'flagpole' && !primary.size && !alternate.size && !!tags.country) {
+           var osmvalue = tags.country;
+
+           if (/;/.test(osmvalue)) {
+             foundSemi = true;
+           } else {
+             alternate.add(osmvalue);
+           }
+         } // If any namelike value contained a semicolon, return empty set and don't try matching anything.
+
+
+         if (foundSemi) {
+           return empty;
+         } else {
+           return {
+             primary: primary,
+             alternate: alternate
+           };
          }
 
-         entityEditor.presets = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _activePresets; // don't reload the same preset
+         function isNamelike(osmkey, which) {
+           if (osmkey === 'old_name') return false;
+           return patterns[which].test(osmkey) && !notNames.test(osmkey);
+         }
+       } // `gatherTuples()`
+       // Generate all combinations of [key,value,name] that we want to test.
+       // This prioritizes them so that the primary name and k/v pairs go first
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tryKVs`: `Object` containing primary and alternate k/v pairs to test
+       //   `tryNames`: `Object` containing primary and alternate names to test
+       // Returns
+       //   `Array`: tuple objects ordered by priority
+       //
 
-           if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _activePresets)) {
-             _activePresets = val;
-           }
 
-           return entityEditor;
-         };
+       function gatherTuples(tryKVs, tryNames) {
+         var tuples = [];
+         ['primary', 'alternate'].forEach(function (whichName) {
+           // test names longest to shortest
+           var arr = Array.from(tryNames[whichName]).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return b.length - a.length;
+           });
+           arr.forEach(function (n) {
+             ['primary', 'alternate'].forEach(function (whichKV) {
+               tryKVs[whichKV].forEach(function (kv) {
+                 var parts = kv.split('/', 2);
+                 var k = parts[0];
+                 var v = parts[1];
+                 tuples.push({
+                   k: k,
+                   v: v,
+                   n: n
+                 });
+               });
+             });
+           });
+         });
+         return tuples;
+       } // `_upgradeTags()`
+       // Try to match a feature to a canonical record in name-suggestion-index
+       // and upgrade the tags to match.
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       //   `loc`: Location where this feature exists, as a [lon, lat]
+       // Returns
+       //   `Object` containing the result, or `null` if no changes needed:
+       //   {
+       //     'newTags': `Object` - The tags the the feature should have
+       //     'matched': `Object` - The matched item
+       //   }
+       //
 
-         return utilRebind(entityEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
 
-       function uiPresetList(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel', 'choose');
+       function _upgradeTags(tags, loc) {
+         var newTags = Object.assign({}, tags); // shallow copy
 
-         var _entityIDs;
+         var changed = false; // Before anything, perform trivial Wikipedia/Wikidata replacements
 
-         var _currentPresets;
+         Object.keys(newTags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+           var matchTag = osmkey.match(/^(\w+:)?wikidata$/);
 
-         var _autofocus = false;
+           if (matchTag) {
+             // Look at '*:wikidata' tags
+             var prefix = matchTag[1] || '';
+             var wd = newTags[osmkey];
+             var replace = _nsi.replacements[wd]; // If it matches a QID in the replacement list...
 
-         function presetList(selection) {
-           if (!_entityIDs) return;
-           var presets = _mainPresetIndex.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
-           selection.html('');
-           var messagewrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           var message = messagewrap.append('h3').html(_t.html('inspector.choose'));
-           messagewrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-choose').on('click', function () {
-             dispatch$1.call('cancel', this);
-           }).call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'));
+             if (replace && replace.wikidata !== undefined) {
+               // replace or delete `*:wikidata` tag
+               changed = true;
 
-           function initialKeydown(d3_event) {
-             // hack to let delete shortcut work when search is autofocused
-             if (search.property('value').length === 0 && (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌫'] || d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌦'])) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-               operationDelete(context, _entityIDs)(); // hack to let undo work when search is autofocused
-             } else if (search.property('value').length === 0 && (d3_event.ctrlKey || d3_event.metaKey) && d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes.z) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-               context.undo();
-             } else if (!d3_event.ctrlKey && !d3_event.metaKey) {
-               // don't check for delete/undo hack on future keydown events
-               select(this).on('keydown', keydown);
-               keydown.call(this, d3_event);
+               if (replace.wikidata) {
+                 newTags[osmkey] = replace.wikidata;
+               } else {
+                 delete newTags[osmkey];
+               }
              }
-           }
 
-           function keydown(d3_event) {
-             // down arrow
-             if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓'] && // if insertion point is at the end of the string
-             search.node().selectionStart === search.property('value').length) {
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               d3_event.stopPropagation(); // move focus to the first item in the preset list
+             if (replace && replace.wikipedia !== undefined) {
+               // replace or delete `*:wikipedia` tag
+               changed = true;
+               var wpkey = "".concat(prefix, "wikipedia");
 
-               var buttons = list.selectAll('.preset-list-button');
-               if (!buttons.empty()) buttons.nodes()[0].focus();
+               if (replace.wikipedia) {
+                 newTags[wpkey] = replace.wikipedia;
+               } else {
+                 delete newTags[wpkey];
+               }
              }
            }
+         }); // Match a 'route_master' as if it were a 'route' - name-suggestion-index#5184
 
-           function keypress(d3_event) {
-             // enter
-             var value = search.property('value');
+         var isRouteMaster = tags.type === 'route_master'; // Gather key/value tag pairs to try to match
 
-             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
-             value.length) {
-               list.selectAll('.preset-list-item:first-child').each(function (d) {
-                 d.choose.call(this);
-               });
-             }
-           }
+         var tryKVs = gatherKVs(tags);
 
-           function inputevent() {
-             var value = search.property('value');
-             list.classed('filtered', value.length);
-             var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-             var results, messageText;
+         if (!tryKVs.primary.size && !tryKVs.alternate.size) {
+           return changed ? {
+             newTags: newTags,
+             matched: null
+           } : null;
+         } // Gather namelike tag values to try to match
 
-             if (value.length && extent) {
-               var center = extent.center();
-               var countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
-               results = presets.search(value, entityGeometries()[0], countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase());
-               messageText = _t('inspector.results', {
-                 n: results.collection.length,
-                 search: value
-               });
-             } else {
-               results = _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro());
-               messageText = _t('inspector.choose');
-             }
 
-             list.call(drawList, results);
-             message.html(messageText);
-           }
+         var tryNames = gatherNames(tags); // Do `wikidata=*` or `wikipedia=*` tags identify this entity as a chain? - See #6416
+         // If so, these tags can be swapped to e.g. `brand:wikidata`/`brand:wikipedia`.
 
-           var searchWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'search-header');
-           searchWrap.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));
-           var search = searchWrap.append('input').attr('class', 'preset-search-input').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search')).attr('type', 'search').call(utilNoAuto).on('keydown', initialKeydown).on('keypress', keypress).on('input', inputevent);
+         var foundQID = _nsi.qids.get(tags.wikidata) || _nsi.qids.get(tags.wikipedia);
 
-           if (_autofocus) {
-             search.node().focus(); // Safari 14 doesn't always like to focus immediately,
-             // so try again on the next pass
+         if (foundQID) tryNames.primary.add(foundQID); // matcher will recognize the Wikidata QID as name too
 
-             setTimeout(function () {
-               search.node().focus();
-             }, 0);
-           }
+         if (!tryNames.primary.size && !tryNames.alternate.size) {
+           return changed ? {
+             newTags: newTags,
+             matched: null
+           } : null;
+         } // Order the [key,value,name] tuples - test primary before alternate
 
-           var listWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'inspector-body');
-           var list = listWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list').call(drawList, _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro()));
-           context.features().on('change.preset-list', updateForFeatureHiddenState);
-         }
 
-         function drawList(list, presets) {
-           presets = presets.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
-           var collection = presets.collection.reduce(function (collection, preset) {
-             if (!preset) return collection;
+         var tuples = gatherTuples(tryKVs, tryNames);
 
-             if (preset.members) {
-               if (preset.members.collection.filter(function (preset) {
-                 return preset.addable();
-               }).length > 1) {
-                 collection.push(CategoryItem(preset));
+         var _loop = function _loop(i) {
+           var tuple = tuples[i];
+
+           var hits = _nsi.matcher.match(tuple.k, tuple.v, tuple.n, loc); // Attempt to match an item in NSI
+
+
+           if (!hits || !hits.length) return "continue"; // no match, try next tuple
+
+           if (hits[0].match !== 'primary' && hits[0].match !== 'alternate') return "break"; // a generic match, stop looking
+           // A match may contain multiple results, the first one is likely the best one for this location
+           // e.g. `['pfk-a54c14', 'kfc-1ff19c', 'kfc-658eea']`
+
+           var itemID = void 0,
+               item = void 0;
+
+           for (var j = 0; j < hits.length; j++) {
+             var hit = hits[j];
+             itemID = hit.itemID;
+             if (_nsi.dissolved[itemID]) continue; // Don't upgrade to a dissolved item
+
+             item = _nsi.ids.get(itemID);
+             if (!item) continue;
+             var mainTag = item.mainTag; // e.g. `brand:wikidata`
+
+             var itemQID = item.tags[mainTag]; // e.g. `brand:wikidata` qid
+
+             var notQID = newTags["not:".concat(mainTag)]; // e.g. `not:brand:wikidata` qid
+
+             if ( // Exceptions, skip this hit
+             !itemQID || itemQID === notQID || // No `*:wikidata` or matched a `not:*:wikidata`
+             newTags.office && !item.tags.office // feature may be a corporate office for a brand? - #6416
+             ) {
+                 item = null;
+                 continue; // continue looking
+               } else {
+                 break; // use `item`
                }
-             } else if (preset.addable()) {
-               collection.push(PresetItem(preset));
-             }
+           } // Can't use any of these hits, try next tuple..
 
-             return collection;
-           }, []);
-           var items = list.selectAll('.preset-list-item').data(collection, function (d) {
-             return d.preset.id;
-           });
-           items.order();
-           items.exit().remove();
-           items.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (item) {
-             return 'preset-list-item preset-' + item.preset.id.replace('/', '-');
-           }).classed('current', function (item) {
-             return _currentPresets.indexOf(item.preset) !== -1;
-           }).each(function (item) {
-             select(this).call(item);
-           }).style('opacity', 0).transition().style('opacity', 1);
-           updateForFeatureHiddenState();
-         }
 
-         function itemKeydown(d3_event) {
-           // the actively focused item
-           var item = select(this.closest('.preset-list-item'));
-           var parentItem = select(item.node().parentNode.closest('.preset-list-item')); // arrow down, move focus to the next, lower item
+           if (!item) return "continue"; // At this point we have matched a canonical item and can suggest tag upgrades..
 
-           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓']) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // the next item in the list at the same level
+           item = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(item)); // deep copy
 
-             var nextItem = select(item.node().nextElementSibling); // if there is no next item in this list
+           var tkv = item.tkv;
+           var parts = tkv.split('/', 3); // tkv = "tree/key/value"
 
-             if (nextItem.empty()) {
-               // if there is a parent item
-               if (!parentItem.empty()) {
-                 // the item is the last item of a sublist,
-                 // select the next item at the parent level
-                 nextItem = select(parentItem.node().nextElementSibling);
-               } // if the focused item is expanded
+           var k = parts[1];
+           var v = parts[2];
+           var category = _nsi.data[tkv];
+           var properties = category.properties || {}; // Preserve some tags that we specifically don't want NSI to overwrite. ('^name', sometimes)
 
-             } else if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
-               // select the first subitem instead
-               nextItem = item.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:first-child');
+           var preserveTags = item.preserveTags || properties.preserveTags || []; // These tags can be toplevel tags -or- attributes - so we generally want to preserve existing values - #8615
+           // We'll only _replace_ the tag value if this tag is the toplevel/defining tag for the matched item (`k`)
+
+           ['building', 'emergency', 'internet_access', 'takeaway'].forEach(function (osmkey) {
+             if (k !== osmkey) preserveTags.push("^".concat(osmkey, "$"));
+           });
+           var regexes = preserveTags.map(function (s) {
+             return new RegExp(s, 'i');
+           });
+           var keepTags = {};
+           Object.keys(newTags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+             if (regexes.some(function (regex) {
+               return regex.test(osmkey);
+             })) {
+               keepTags[osmkey] = newTags[osmkey];
              }
+           }); // Remove any primary tags ("amenity", "craft", "shop", "man_made", "route", etc) that have a
+           // value like `amenity=yes` or `shop=yes` (exceptions have already been added to `keepTags` above)
 
-             if (!nextItem.empty()) {
-               // focus on the next item
-               nextItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
-             } // arrow up, move focus to the previous, higher item
+           _nsi.kvt.forEach(function (vmap, k) {
+             if (newTags[k] === 'yes') delete newTags[k];
+           }); // Replace mistagged `wikidata`/`wikipedia` with e.g. `brand:wikidata`/`brand:wikipedia`
 
-           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↑']) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // the previous item in the list at the same level
 
-             var previousItem = select(item.node().previousElementSibling); // if there is no previous item in this list
+           if (foundQID) {
+             delete newTags.wikipedia;
+             delete newTags.wikidata;
+           } // Do the tag upgrade
 
-             if (previousItem.empty()) {
-               // if there is a parent item
-               if (!parentItem.empty()) {
-                 // the item is the first subitem of a sublist select the parent item
-                 previousItem = parentItem;
-               } // if the previous item is expanded
 
-             } else if (previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').classed('expanded')) {
-               // select the last subitem of the sublist of the previous item
-               previousItem = previousItem.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:last-child');
-             }
+           Object.assign(newTags, item.tags, keepTags); // Swap `route` back to `route_master` - name-suggestion-index#5184
 
-             if (!previousItem.empty()) {
-               // focus on the previous item
-               previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
-             } else {
-               // the focus is at the top of the list, move focus back to the search field
-               var search = select(this.closest('.preset-list-pane')).select('.preset-search-input');
-               search.node().focus();
-             } // arrow left, move focus to the parent item if there is one
+           if (isRouteMaster) {
+             newTags.route_master = newTags.route;
+             delete newTags.route;
+           } // Special `branch` splitting rules - IF..
+           // - NSI is suggesting to replace `name`, AND
+           // - `branch` doesn't already contain something, AND
+           // - original name has not moved to an alternate name (e.g. "Dunkin' Donuts" -> "Dunkin'"), AND
+           // - original name is "some name" + "some stuff", THEN
+           // consider splitting `name` into `name`/`branch`..
 
-           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '→' : '←']) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // if there is a parent item, focus on the parent item
 
-             if (!parentItem.empty()) {
-               parentItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
-             } // arrow right, choose this item
+           var origName = tags.name;
+           var newName = newTags.name;
 
-           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '←' : '→']) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             item.datum().choose.call(select(this).node());
-           }
-         }
+           if (newName && origName && newName !== origName && !newTags.branch) {
+             var newNames = gatherNames(newTags);
+             var newSet = new Set([].concat(_toConsumableArray(newNames.primary), _toConsumableArray(newNames.alternate)));
+             var isMoved = newSet.has(origName); // another tag holds the original name now
 
-         function CategoryItem(preset) {
-           var box,
-               sublist,
-               shown = false;
+             if (!isMoved) {
+               // Test name fragments, longest to shortest, to fit them into a "Name Branch" pattern.
+               // e.g. "TUI ReiseCenter - Neuss Innenstadt" -> ["TUI", "ReiseCenter", "Neuss", "Innenstadt"]
+               var nameParts = origName.split(/[\s\-\/,.]/);
 
-           function item(selection) {
-             var wrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap category');
+               for (var split = nameParts.length; split > 0; split--) {
+                 var name = nameParts.slice(0, split).join(' '); // e.g. "TUI ReiseCenter"
 
-             function click() {
-               var isExpanded = select(this).classed('expanded');
-               var iconName = isExpanded ? _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-down';
-               select(this).classed('expanded', !isExpanded);
-               select(this).selectAll('div.label-inner svg.icon use').attr('href', iconName);
-               item.choose();
-             }
+                 var branch = nameParts.slice(split).join(' '); // e.g. "Neuss Innenstadt"
 
-             var geometries = entityGeometries();
-             var button = wrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-list-button').classed('expanded', false).call(uiPresetIcon().geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0]).preset(preset)).on('click', click).on('keydown', function (d3_event) {
-               // right arrow, expand the focused item
-               if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '←' : '→']) {
-                 d3_event.preventDefault();
-                 d3_event.stopPropagation(); // if the item isn't expanded
+                 var nameHits = _nsi.matcher.match(k, v, name, loc);
 
-                 if (!select(this).classed('expanded')) {
-                   // toggle expansion (expand the item)
-                   click.call(this, d3_event);
-                 } // left arrow, collapse the focused item
+                 if (!nameHits || !nameHits.length) continue; // no match, try next name fragment
 
-               } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '→' : '←']) {
-                 d3_event.preventDefault();
-                 d3_event.stopPropagation(); // if the item is expanded
+                 if (nameHits.some(function (hit) {
+                   return hit.itemID === itemID;
+                 })) {
+                   // matched the name fragment to the same itemID above
+                   if (branch) {
+                     if (notBranches.test(branch)) {
+                       // "branch" was detected but is noise ("factory outlet", etc)
+                       newTags.name = origName; // Leave `name` alone, this part of the name may be significant..
+                     } else {
+                       var branchHits = _nsi.matcher.match(k, v, branch, loc);
+
+                       if (branchHits && branchHits.length) {
+                         // if "branch" matched something else in NSI..
+                         if (branchHits[0].match === 'primary' || branchHits[0].match === 'alternate') {
+                           // if another brand! (e.g. "KFC - Taco Bell"?)
+                           return {
+                             v: null
+                           }; //   bail out - can't suggest tags in this case
+                         } // else a generic (e.g. "gas", "cafe") - ignore
+
+                       } else {
+                         // "branch" is not noise and not something in NSI
+                         newTags.branch = branch; // Stick it in the `branch` tag..
+                       }
+                     }
+                   }
 
-                 if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
-                   // toggle expansion (collapse the item)
-                   click.call(this, d3_event);
+                   break;
                  }
-               } else {
-                 itemKeydown.call(this, d3_event);
                }
-             });
-             var label = button.append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('div').attr('class', 'label-inner');
-             label.append('div').attr('class', 'namepart').call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward', 'inline')).append('span').html(function () {
-               return preset.nameLabel() + '&hellip;';
-             });
-             box = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'subgrid').style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', 0);
-             box.append('div').attr('class', 'arrow');
-             sublist = box.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list fillL3');
+             }
            }
 
-           item.choose = function () {
-             if (!box || !sublist) return;
-
-             if (shown) {
-               shown = false;
-               box.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').style('max-height', '0px').style('padding-bottom', '0px');
-             } else {
-               shown = true;
-               var members = preset.members.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
-               sublist.call(drawList, members);
-               box.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '1').style('max-height', 200 + members.collection.length * 190 + 'px').style('padding-bottom', '10px');
+           return {
+             v: {
+               newTags: newTags,
+               matched: item
              }
            };
+         };
 
-           item.preset = preset;
-           return item;
+         for (var i = 0; i < tuples.length; i++) {
+           var _ret = _loop(i);
+
+           if (_ret === "continue") continue;
+           if (_ret === "break") break;
+           if (_typeof(_ret) === "object") return _ret.v;
          }
 
-         function PresetItem(preset) {
-           function item(selection) {
-             var wrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');
-             var geometries = entityGeometries();
-             var button = wrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-list-button').call(uiPresetIcon().geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0]).preset(preset)).on('click', item.choose).on('keydown', itemKeydown);
-             var label = button.append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('div').attr('class', 'label-inner');
-             var nameparts = [preset.nameLabel(), preset.subtitleLabel()].filter(Boolean);
-             label.selectAll('.namepart').data(nameparts).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'namepart').html(function (d) {
-               return d;
-             });
-             wrap.call(item.reference.button);
-             selection.call(item.reference.body);
-           }
+         return changed ? {
+           newTags: newTags,
+           matched: null
+         } : null;
+       } // `_isGenericName()`
+       // Is the `name` tag generic?
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       // Returns
+       //   `true` if it is generic, `false` if not
+       //
 
-           item.choose = function () {
-             if (select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
 
-             if (!context.inIntro()) {
-               _mainPresetIndex.setMostRecent(preset, entityGeometries()[0]);
-             }
+       function _isGenericName(tags) {
+         var n = tags.name;
+         if (!n) return false; // tryNames just contains the `name` tag value and nothing else
 
-             context.perform(function (graph) {
-               for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-                 var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
-                 var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(graph.entity(entityID), graph);
-                 graph = actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, preset)(graph);
-               }
+         var tryNames = {
+           primary: new Set([n]),
+           alternate: new Set()
+         }; // Gather key/value tag pairs to try to match
 
-               return graph;
-             }, _t('operations.change_tags.annotation'));
-             context.validator().validate(); // rerun validation
+         var tryKVs = gatherKVs(tags);
+         if (!tryKVs.primary.size && !tryKVs.alternate.size) return false; // Order the [key,value,name] tuples - test primary before alternate
 
-             dispatch$1.call('choose', this, preset);
-           };
+         var tuples = gatherTuples(tryKVs, tryNames);
 
-           item.help = function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             item.reference.toggle();
-           };
+         for (var i = 0; i < tuples.length; i++) {
+           var tuple = tuples[i];
 
-           item.preset = preset;
-           item.reference = uiTagReference(preset.reference());
-           return item;
+           var hits = _nsi.matcher.match(tuple.k, tuple.v, tuple.n); // Attempt to match an item in NSI
+           // If we get a `excludeGeneric` hit, this is a generic name.
+
+
+           if (hits && hits.length && hits[0].match === 'excludeGeneric') return true;
+         }
+
+         return false;
+       } // PUBLIC INTERFACE
+
+
+       var serviceNsi = {
+         // `init()`
+         // On init, start preparing the name-suggestion-index
+         //
+         init: function init() {
+           // Note: service.init is called immediately after the presetManager has started loading its data.
+           // We expect to chain onto an unfulfilled promise here.
+           setNsiSources();
+           _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded().then(function () {
+             return loadNsiPresets();
+           }).then(function () {
+             return delay(100);
+           }) // wait briefly for locationSets to enter the locationManager queue
+           .then(function () {
+             return _mainLocations.mergeLocationSets([]);
+           }) // wait for locationSets to resolve
+           .then(function () {
+             return loadNsiData();
+           }).then(function () {
+             return _nsiStatus = 'ok';
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             return _nsiStatus = 'failed';
+           });
+
+           function delay(msec) {
+             return new Promise(function (resolve) {
+               window.setTimeout(resolve, msec);
+             });
+           }
+         },
+         // `reset()`
+         // Reset is called when user saves data to OSM (does nothing here)
+         //
+         reset: function reset() {},
+         // `status()`
+         // To let other code know how it's going...
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   `String`: 'loading', 'ok', 'failed'
+         //
+         status: function status() {
+           return _nsiStatus;
+         },
+         // `isGenericName()`
+         // Is the `name` tag generic?
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+         // Returns
+         //   `true` if it is generic, `false` if not
+         //
+         isGenericName: function isGenericName(tags) {
+           return _isGenericName(tags);
+         },
+         // `upgradeTags()`
+         // Suggest tag upgrades.
+         // This function will not modify the input tags, it makes a copy.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+         //   `loc`: Location where this feature exists, as a [lon, lat]
+         // Returns
+         //   `Object` containing the result, or `null` if no changes needed:
+         //   {
+         //     'newTags': `Object` - The tags the the feature should have
+         //     'matched': `Object` - The matched item
+         //   }
+         //
+         upgradeTags: function upgradeTags(tags, loc) {
+           return _upgradeTags(tags, loc);
+         },
+         // `cache()`
+         // Direct access to the NSI cache, useful for testing or breaking things
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   `Object`: the internal NSI cache
+         //
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _nsi;
          }
+       };
 
-         function updateForFeatureHiddenState() {
-           if (!_entityIDs.every(context.hasEntity)) return;
-           var geometries = entityGeometries();
-           var button = context.container().selectAll('.preset-list .preset-list-button'); // remove existing tooltips
+       var apibase$1 = 'https://openstreetcam.org';
+       var maxResults$1 = 1000;
+       var tileZoom$1 = 14;
+       var tiler$3 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom$1, tileZoom$1]).skipNullIsland(true);
+       var dispatch$3 = dispatch$8('loadedImages');
+       var imgZoom = d3_zoom().extent([[0, 0], [320, 240]]).translateExtent([[0, 0], [320, 240]]).scaleExtent([1, 15]);
 
-           button.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
-           button.each(function (item, index) {
-             var hiddenPresetFeaturesId;
+       var _oscCache;
 
-             for (var i in geometries) {
-               hiddenPresetFeaturesId = context.features().isHiddenPreset(item.preset, geometries[i]);
-               if (hiddenPresetFeaturesId) break;
-             }
+       var _oscSelectedImage;
 
-             var isHiddenPreset = !context.inIntro() && !!hiddenPresetFeaturesId && (_currentPresets.length !== 1 || item.preset !== _currentPresets[0]);
-             select(this).classed('disabled', isHiddenPreset);
+       var _loadViewerPromise$1;
 
-             if (isHiddenPreset) {
-               var isAutoHidden = context.features().autoHidden(hiddenPresetFeaturesId);
-               select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.hidden_preset.' + (isAutoHidden ? 'zoom' : 'manual'), {
-                 features: _t.html('feature.' + hiddenPresetFeaturesId + '.description')
-               })).placement(index < 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top'));
-             }
-           });
-         }
+       function abortRequest$3(controller) {
+         controller.abort();
+       }
 
-         presetList.autofocus = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _autofocus;
-           _autofocus = val;
-           return presetList;
-         };
+       function maxPageAtZoom(z) {
+         if (z < 15) return 2;
+         if (z === 15) return 5;
+         if (z === 16) return 10;
+         if (z === 17) return 20;
+         if (z === 18) return 40;
+         if (z > 18) return 80;
+       }
 
-         presetList.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
+       function loadTiles$1(which, url, projection) {
+         var currZoom = Math.floor(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()));
+         var tiles = tiler$3.getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-           if (_entityIDs && _entityIDs.length) {
-             var presets = _entityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
-               return _mainPresetIndex.match(context.entity(entityID), context.graph());
-             });
+         var cache = _oscCache[which];
+         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0;
+           });
 
-             presetList.presets(presets);
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$3(cache.inflight[k]);
+             delete cache.inflight[k];
            }
+         });
+         tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+           loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
+         });
+       }
 
-           return presetList;
+       function loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile) {
+         var cache = _oscCache[which];
+         var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
+         var maxPages = maxPageAtZoom(currZoom);
+         var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 1;
+         var params = utilQsString({
+           ipp: maxResults$1,
+           page: nextPage,
+           // client_id: clientId,
+           bbTopLeft: [bbox.maxY, bbox.minX].join(','),
+           bbBottomRight: [bbox.minY, bbox.maxX].join(',')
+         }, true);
+         if (nextPage > maxPages) return;
+         var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
+         if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         cache.inflight[id] = controller;
+         var options = {
+           method: 'POST',
+           signal: controller.signal,
+           body: params,
+           headers: {
+             'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+           }
          };
+         d3_json(url, options).then(function (data) {
+           cache.loaded[id] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[id];
 
-         presetList.presets = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _currentPresets;
-           _currentPresets = val;
-           return presetList;
-         };
+           if (!data || !data.currentPageItems || !data.currentPageItems.length) {
+             throw new Error('No Data');
+           }
 
-         function entityGeometries() {
-           var counts = {};
+           var features = data.currentPageItems.map(function (item) {
+             var loc = [+item.lng, +item.lat];
+             var d;
 
-           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-             var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
-             var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph()); // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices (#3241)
+             if (which === 'images') {
+               d = {
+                 loc: loc,
+                 key: item.id,
+                 ca: +item.heading,
+                 captured_at: item.shot_date || item.date_added,
+                 captured_by: item.username,
+                 imagePath: item.lth_name,
+                 sequence_id: item.sequence_id,
+                 sequence_index: +item.sequence_index
+               }; // cache sequence info
 
-             if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(context.graph())) {
-               geometry = 'point';
-             }
+               var seq = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
 
-             if (!counts[geometry]) counts[geometry] = 0;
-             counts[geometry] += 1;
-           }
+               if (!seq) {
+                 seq = {
+                   rotation: 0,
+                   images: []
+                 };
+                 _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id] = seq;
+               }
 
-           return Object.keys(counts).sort(function (geom1, geom2) {
-             return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
+               seq.images[d.sequence_index] = d;
+               _oscCache.images.forImageKey[d.key] = d; // cache imageKey -> image
+             }
+
+             return {
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
+             };
            });
-         }
+           cache.rtree.load(features);
 
-         function combinedEntityExtent() {
-           return _entityIDs.reduce(function (extent, entityID) {
-             var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
-             return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-           }, geoExtent());
-         }
+           if (data.currentPageItems.length === maxResults$1) {
+             // more pages to load
+             cache.nextPage[tile.id] = nextPage + 1;
+             loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
+           } else {
+             cache.nextPage[tile.id] = Infinity; // no more pages to load
+           }
 
-         return utilRebind(presetList, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           if (which === 'images') {
+             dispatch$3.call('loadedImages');
+           }
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           cache.loaded[id] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[id];
+         });
+       } // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
 
-       function uiInspector(context) {
-         var presetList = uiPresetList(context);
-         var entityEditor = uiEntityEditor(context);
-         var wrap = select(null),
-             presetPane = select(null),
-             editorPane = select(null);
-         var _state = 'select';
 
-         var _entityIDs;
+       function partitionViewport$1(projection) {
+         var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+         var z2 = Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2 + 2.5; // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
 
-         var _newFeature = false;
+         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
+         return tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
+           return tile.extent;
+         });
+       } // no more than `limit` results per partition.
 
-         function inspector(selection) {
-           presetList.entityIDs(_entityIDs).autofocus(_newFeature).on('choose', inspector.setPreset).on('cancel', function () {
-             inspector.setPreset();
+
+       function searchLimited$1(limit, projection, rtree) {
+         limit = limit || 5;
+         return partitionViewport$1(projection).reduce(function (result, extent) {
+           var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox()).slice(0, limit).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
            });
-           entityEditor.state(_state).entityIDs(_entityIDs).on('choose', inspector.showList);
-           wrap = selection.selectAll('.panewrap').data([0]);
-           var enter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'panewrap');
-           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-pane pane');
-           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'entity-editor-pane pane');
-           wrap = wrap.merge(enter);
-           presetPane = wrap.selectAll('.preset-list-pane');
-           editorPane = wrap.selectAll('.entity-editor-pane');
+           return found.length ? result.concat(found) : result;
+         }, []);
+       }
 
-           function shouldDefaultToPresetList() {
-             // always show the inspector on hover
-             if (_state !== 'select') return false; // can only change preset on single selection
+       var serviceOpenstreetcam = {
+         init: function init() {
+           if (!_oscCache) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
 
-             if (_entityIDs.length !== 1) return false;
-             var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
-             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-             if (!entity) return false; // default to inspector if there are already tags
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$3, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_oscCache) {
+             Object.values(_oscCache.images.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
+           }
 
-             if (entity.hasNonGeometryTags()) return false; // prompt to select preset if feature is new and untagged
+           _oscCache = {
+             images: {
+               inflight: {},
+               loaded: {},
+               nextPage: {},
+               rtree: new RBush(),
+               forImageKey: {}
+             },
+             sequences: {}
+           };
+           _oscSelectedImage = null;
+         },
+         images: function images(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited$1(limit, projection, _oscCache.images.rtree);
+         },
+         sequences: function sequences(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           var sequenceKeys = {}; // all sequences for images in viewport
 
-             if (_newFeature) return true; // all existing features except vertices should default to inspector
+           _oscCache.images.rtree.search(bbox).forEach(function (d) {
+             sequenceKeys[d.data.sequence_id] = true;
+           }); // make linestrings from those sequences
 
-             if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex') return false; // show vertex relations if any
 
-             if (context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length) return false; // show vertex issues if there are any
+           var lineStrings = [];
+           Object.keys(sequenceKeys).forEach(function (sequenceKey) {
+             var seq = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
+             var images = seq && seq.images;
 
-             if (context.validator().getEntityIssues(entityID).length) return false; // show turn retriction editor for junction vertices
+             if (images) {
+               lineStrings.push({
+                 type: 'LineString',
+                 coordinates: images.map(function (d) {
+                   return d.loc;
+                 }).filter(Boolean),
+                 properties: {
+                   captured_at: images[0] ? images[0].captured_at : null,
+                   captured_by: images[0] ? images[0].captured_by : null,
+                   key: sequenceKey
+                 }
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           return lineStrings;
+         },
+         cachedImage: function cachedImage(imageKey) {
+           return _oscCache.images.forImageKey[imageKey];
+         },
+         loadImages: function loadImages(projection) {
+           var url = apibase$1 + '/1.0/list/nearby-photos/';
+           loadTiles$1('images', url, projection);
+         },
+         ensureViewerLoaded: function ensureViewerLoaded(context) {
+           if (_loadViewerPromise$1) return _loadViewerPromise$1; // add osc-wrapper
 
-             if (entity.isHighwayIntersection(context.graph())) return false; // otherwise show preset list for uninteresting vertices
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.osc-wrapper').data([0]);
+           var that = this;
+           var wrapEnter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'photo-wrapper osc-wrapper').classed('hide', true).call(imgZoom.on('zoom', zoomPan)).on('dblclick.zoom', null);
+           wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');
+           var controlsEnter = wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap').append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.back', step(-1)).html('◄');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.rotate-ccw', rotate(-90)).html('⤿');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.rotate-cw', rotate(90)).html('⤾');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.forward', step(1)).html('►');
+           wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'osc-image-wrap'); // Register viewer resize handler
 
-             return true;
+           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.openstreetcam', function (dimensions) {
+             imgZoom = d3_zoom().extent([[0, 0], dimensions]).translateExtent([[0, 0], dimensions]).scaleExtent([1, 15]).on('zoom', zoomPan);
+           });
+
+           function zoomPan(d3_event) {
+             var t = d3_event.transform;
+             context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-image-wrap').call(utilSetTransform, t.x, t.y, t.k);
            }
 
-           if (shouldDefaultToPresetList()) {
-             wrap.style('right', '-100%');
-             editorPane.classed('hide', true);
-             presetPane.classed('hide', false).call(presetList);
-           } else {
-             wrap.style('right', '0%');
-             presetPane.classed('hide', true);
-             editorPane.classed('hide', false).call(entityEditor);
+           function rotate(deg) {
+             return function () {
+               if (!_oscSelectedImage) return;
+               var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
+               var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
+               if (!sequence) return;
+               var r = sequence.rotation || 0;
+               r += deg;
+               if (r > 180) r -= 360;
+               if (r < -180) r += 360;
+               sequence.rotation = r;
+               var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-wrapper');
+               wrap.transition().duration(100).call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);
+               wrap.selectAll('.osc-image').transition().duration(100).style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');
+             };
            }
 
-           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
-           footer = footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer);
-           footer.call(uiViewOnOSM(context).what(context.hasEntity(_entityIDs.length === 1 && _entityIDs[0])));
-         }
+           function step(stepBy) {
+             return function () {
+               if (!_oscSelectedImage) return;
+               var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
+               var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
+               if (!sequence) return;
+               var nextIndex = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_index + stepBy;
+               var nextImage = sequence.images[nextIndex];
+               if (!nextImage) return;
+               context.map().centerEase(nextImage.loc);
+               that.selectImage(context, nextImage.key);
+             };
+           } // don't need any async loading so resolve immediately
 
-         inspector.showList = function (presets) {
-           presetPane.classed('hide', false);
-           wrap.transition().styleTween('right', function () {
-             return interpolate('0%', '-100%');
-           }).on('end', function () {
-             editorPane.classed('hide', true);
-           });
 
-           if (presets) {
-             presetList.presets(presets);
+           _loadViewerPromise$1 = Promise.resolve();
+           return _loadViewerPromise$1;
+         },
+         showViewer: function showViewer(context) {
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer').classed('hide', false);
+           var isHidden = viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.osc-wrapper.hide').size();
+
+           if (isHidden) {
+             viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.osc-wrapper)').classed('hide', true);
+             viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.osc-wrapper').classed('hide', false);
            }
 
-           presetPane.call(presetList.autofocus(true));
-         };
+           return this;
+         },
+         hideViewer: function hideViewer(context) {
+           _oscSelectedImage = null;
+           this.updateUrlImage(null);
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
+           viewer.classed('hide', true).selectAll('.photo-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign').classed('currentView', false);
+           return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+         },
+         selectImage: function selectImage(context, imageKey) {
+           var d = this.cachedImage(imageKey);
+           _oscSelectedImage = d;
+           this.updateUrlImage(imageKey);
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
+           this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+           context.container().selectAll('.icon-sign').classed('currentView', false);
+           if (!d) return this;
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-wrapper');
+           var imageWrap = wrap.selectAll('.osc-image-wrap');
+           var attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').html('');
+           wrap.transition().duration(100).call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);
+           imageWrap.selectAll('.osc-image').remove();
 
-         inspector.setPreset = function (preset) {
-           // upon setting multipolygon, go to the area preset list instead of the editor
-           if (preset && preset.id === 'type/multipolygon') {
-             presetPane.call(presetList.autofocus(true));
-           } else {
-             editorPane.classed('hide', false);
-             wrap.transition().styleTween('right', function () {
-               return interpolate('-100%', '0%');
-             }).on('end', function () {
-               presetPane.classed('hide', true);
-             });
+           if (d) {
+             var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
+             var r = sequence && sequence.rotation || 0;
+             imageWrap.append('img').attr('class', 'osc-image').attr('src', apibase$1 + '/' + d.imagePath).style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');
 
-             if (preset) {
-               entityEditor.presets([preset]);
+             if (d.captured_by) {
+               attribution.append('a').attr('class', 'captured_by').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://openstreetcam.org/user/' + encodeURIComponent(d.captured_by)).html('@' + d.captured_by);
+               attribution.append('span').html('|');
              }
 
-             editorPane.call(entityEditor);
+             if (d.captured_at) {
+               attribution.append('span').attr('class', 'captured_at').html(localeDateString(d.captured_at));
+               attribution.append('span').html('|');
+             }
+
+             attribution.append('a').attr('class', 'image-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://openstreetcam.org/details/' + d.sequence_id + '/' + d.sequence_index).html('openstreetcam.org');
            }
-         };
 
-         inspector.state = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-           _state = val;
-           entityEditor.state(_state); // remove any old field help overlay that might have gotten attached to the inspector
+           return this;
 
-           context.container().selectAll('.field-help-body').remove();
-           return inspector;
-         };
+           function localeDateString(s) {
+             if (!s) return null;
+             var options = {
+               day: 'numeric',
+               month: 'short',
+               year: 'numeric'
+             };
+             var d = new Date(s);
+             if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+             return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+           }
+         },
+         getSelectedImage: function getSelectedImage() {
+           return _oscSelectedImage;
+         },
+         getSequenceKeyForImage: function getSequenceKeyForImage(d) {
+           return d && d.sequence_id;
+         },
+         // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
+         // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
+         // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
+         setStyles: function setStyles(context, hovered, reset) {
+           if (reset) {
+             // reset all layers
+             context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', false).classed('hovered', false).classed('currentView', false);
+             context.container().selectAll('.sequence').classed('highlighted', false).classed('currentView', false);
+           }
 
-         inspector.entityIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return inspector;
-         };
+           var hoveredImageKey = hovered && hovered.key;
+           var hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(hovered);
+           var hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
+           var hoveredImageKeys = hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.images.map(function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }) || [];
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+           var selectedImageKey = selected && selected.key;
+           var selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(selected);
+           var selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
+           var selectedImageKeys = selectedSequence && selectedSequence.images.map(function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }) || []; // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
 
-         inspector.newFeature = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
-           _newFeature = val;
-           return inspector;
-         };
+           var highlightedImageKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredImageKeys, selectedImageKeys);
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam .viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return highlightedImageKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1;
+           }).classed('hovered', function (d) {
+             return d.key === hoveredImageKey;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.key === selectedImageKey;
+           });
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam .sequence').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey;
+           }); // update viewfields if needed
 
-         return inspector;
-       }
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam .viewfield-group .viewfield').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
 
-       function uiSidebar(context) {
-         var inspector = uiInspector(context);
-         var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);
-         var noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context);
-         var improveOsmEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context);
-         var keepRightEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context);
-         var osmoseEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context);
+           function viewfieldPath() {
+             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
 
-         var _current;
+             if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedImageKey) {
+               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+             } else {
+               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+             }
+           }
 
-         var _wasData = false;
-         var _wasNote = false;
-         var _wasQaItem = false; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
+           return this;
+         },
+         updateUrlImage: function updateUrlImage(imageKey) {
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+             if (imageKey) {
+               hash.photo = 'openstreetcam/' + imageKey;
+             } else {
+               delete hash.photo;
+             }
 
-         function sidebar(selection) {
-           var container = context.container();
-           var minWidth = 240;
-           var sidebarWidth;
-           var containerWidth;
-           var dragOffset; // Set the initial width constraints
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+           }
+         },
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _oscCache;
+         }
+       };
 
-           selection.style('min-width', minWidth + 'px').style('max-width', '400px').style('width', '33.3333%');
-           var resizer = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar-resizer').on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.sidebar-resizer', pointerdown);
-           var downPointerId, lastClientX, containerLocGetter;
+       var hashes$1 = {exports: {}};
 
-           function pointerdown(d3_event) {
-             if (downPointerId) return;
-             if ('button' in d3_event && d3_event.button !== 0) return;
-             downPointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
-             lastClientX = d3_event.clientX;
-             containerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(container.node()); // offset from edge of sidebar-resizer
+       (function (module, exports) {
+         (function () {
+           var Hashes;
 
-             dragOffset = utilFastMouse(resizer.node())(d3_event)[0] - 1;
-             sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
-             containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
-             var widthPct = sidebarWidth / containerWidth * 100;
-             selection.style('width', widthPct + '%') // lock in current width
-             .style('max-width', '85%'); // but allow larger widths
+           function utf8Encode(str) {
+             var x,
+                 y,
+                 output = '',
+                 i = -1,
+                 l;
 
-             resizer.classed('dragging', true);
-             select(window).on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', function (d3_event) {
-               // disable page scrolling while resizing on touch input
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-             }, {
-               passive: false
-             }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', pointerup);
-           }
+             if (str && str.length) {
+               l = str.length;
 
-           function pointermove(d3_event) {
-             if (downPointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             var dx = d3_event.clientX - lastClientX;
-             lastClientX = d3_event.clientX;
-             var isRTL = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
-             var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
-             var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';
-             var x = containerLocGetter(d3_event)[0] - dragOffset;
-             sidebarWidth = isRTL ? containerWidth - x : x;
-             var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
-             var shouldCollapse = sidebarWidth < minWidth;
-             selection.classed('collapsed', shouldCollapse);
+               while ((i += 1) < l) {
+                 /* Decode utf-16 surrogate pairs */
+                 x = str.charCodeAt(i);
+                 y = i + 1 < l ? str.charCodeAt(i + 1) : 0;
 
-             if (shouldCollapse) {
-               if (!isCollapsed) {
-                 selection.style(xMarginProperty, '-400px').style('width', '400px');
-                 context.ui().onResize([(sidebarWidth - dx) * scaleX, 0]);
-               }
-             } else {
-               var widthPct = sidebarWidth / containerWidth * 100;
-               selection.style(xMarginProperty, null).style('width', widthPct + '%');
+                 if (0xD800 <= x && x <= 0xDBFF && 0xDC00 <= y && y <= 0xDFFF) {
+                   x = 0x10000 + ((x & 0x03FF) << 10) + (y & 0x03FF);
+                   i += 1;
+                 }
+                 /* Encode output as utf-8 */
 
-               if (isCollapsed) {
-                 context.ui().onResize([-sidebarWidth * scaleX, 0]);
-               } else {
-                 context.ui().onResize([-dx * scaleX, 0]);
+
+                 if (x <= 0x7F) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(x);
+                 } else if (x <= 0x7FF) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | x >>> 6 & 0x1F, 0x80 | x & 0x3F);
+                 } else if (x <= 0xFFFF) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | x >>> 12 & 0x0F, 0x80 | x >>> 6 & 0x3F, 0x80 | x & 0x3F);
+                 } else if (x <= 0x1FFFFF) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(0xF0 | x >>> 18 & 0x07, 0x80 | x >>> 12 & 0x3F, 0x80 | x >>> 6 & 0x3F, 0x80 | x & 0x3F);
+                 }
                }
              }
-           }
 
-           function pointerup(d3_event) {
-             if (downPointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-             downPointerId = null;
-             resizer.classed('dragging', false);
-             select(window).on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', null);
+             return output;
            }
 
-           var featureListWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'feature-list-pane').call(uiFeatureList(context));
-           var inspectorWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'inspector-hidden inspector-wrap');
+           function utf8Decode(str) {
+             var i,
+                 ac,
+                 c1,
+                 c2,
+                 c3,
+                 arr = [],
+                 l;
+             i = ac = c1 = c2 = c3 = 0;
 
-           var hoverModeSelect = function hoverModeSelect(targets) {
-             context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item button').classed('hover', false);
+             if (str && str.length) {
+               l = str.length;
+               str += '';
 
-             if (context.selectedIDs().length > 1 && targets && targets.length) {
-               var elements = context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item button').filter(function (node) {
-                 return targets.indexOf(node) !== -1;
-               });
+               while (i < l) {
+                 c1 = str.charCodeAt(i);
+                 ac += 1;
 
-               if (!elements.empty()) {
-                 elements.classed('hover', true);
+                 if (c1 < 128) {
+                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(c1);
+                   i += 1;
+                 } else if (c1 > 191 && c1 < 224) {
+                   c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
+                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode((c1 & 31) << 6 | c2 & 63);
+                   i += 2;
+                 } else {
+                   c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
+                   c3 = str.charCodeAt(i + 2);
+                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode((c1 & 15) << 12 | (c2 & 63) << 6 | c3 & 63);
+                   i += 3;
+                 }
                }
              }
-           };
 
-           sidebar.hoverModeSelect = throttle(hoverModeSelect, 200);
+             return arr.join('');
+           }
+           /**
+            * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
+            * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
+            */
 
-           function hover(targets) {
-             var datum = targets && targets.length && targets[0];
 
-             if (datum && datum.__featurehash__) {
-               // hovering on data
-               _wasData = true;
-               sidebar.show(dataEditor.datum(datum));
-               selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component').classed('inspector-hover', true);
-             } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
-               if (context.mode().id === 'drag-note') return;
-               _wasNote = true;
-               var osm = services.osm;
+           function safe_add(x, y) {
+             var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF),
+                 msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
+             return msw << 16 | lsw & 0xFFFF;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
+            */
 
-               if (osm) {
-                 datum = osm.getNote(datum.id); // marker may contain stale data - get latest
-               }
 
-               sidebar.show(noteEditor.note(datum));
-               selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component').classed('inspector-hover', true);
-             } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
-               _wasQaItem = true;
-               var errService = services[datum.service];
+           function bit_rol(num, cnt) {
+             return num << cnt | num >>> 32 - cnt;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to a hex string
+            */
 
-               if (errService) {
-                 // marker may contain stale data - get latest
-                 datum = errService.getError(datum.id);
-               } // Currently only three possible services
 
+           function rstr2hex(input, hexcase) {
+             var hex_tab = hexcase ? '0123456789ABCDEF' : '0123456789abcdef',
+                 output = '',
+                 x,
+                 i = 0,
+                 l = input.length;
+
+             for (; i < l; i += 1) {
+               x = input.charCodeAt(i);
+               output += hex_tab.charAt(x >>> 4 & 0x0F) + hex_tab.charAt(x & 0x0F);
+             }
 
-               var errEditor;
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert an array of big-endian words to a string
+            */
 
-               if (datum.service === 'keepRight') {
-                 errEditor = keepRightEditor;
-               } else if (datum.service === 'osmose') {
-                 errEditor = osmoseEditor;
-               } else {
-                 errEditor = improveOsmEditor;
-               }
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.qaItem.' + datum.service).classed('hover', function (d) {
-                 return d.id === datum.id;
-               });
-               sidebar.show(errEditor.error(datum));
-               selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component').classed('inspector-hover', true);
-             } else if (!_current && datum instanceof osmEntity) {
-               featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
-               inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false).classed('inspector-hover', true);
+           function binb2rstr(input) {
+             var i,
+                 l = input.length * 32,
+                 output = '';
 
-               if (!inspector.entityIDs() || !utilArrayIdentical(inspector.entityIDs(), [datum.id]) || inspector.state() !== 'hover') {
-                 inspector.state('hover').entityIDs([datum.id]).newFeature(false);
-                 inspectorWrap.call(inspector);
-               }
-             } else if (!_current) {
-               featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false);
-               inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
-               inspector.state('hide');
-             } else if (_wasData || _wasNote || _wasQaItem) {
-               _wasNote = false;
-               _wasData = false;
-               _wasQaItem = false;
-               context.container().selectAll('.note').classed('hover', false);
-               context.container().selectAll('.qaItem').classed('hover', false);
-               sidebar.hide();
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+               output += String.fromCharCode(input[i >> 5] >>> 24 - i % 32 & 0xFF);
              }
+
+             return output;
            }
+           /**
+            * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
+            */
 
-           sidebar.hover = throttle(hover, 200);
 
-           sidebar.intersects = function (extent) {
-             var rect = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-             return extent.intersects([context.projection.invert([0, rect.height]), context.projection.invert([rect.width, 0])]);
-           };
+           function binl2rstr(input) {
+             var i,
+                 l = input.length * 32,
+                 output = '';
 
-           sidebar.select = function (ids, newFeature) {
-             sidebar.hide();
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+               output += String.fromCharCode(input[i >> 5] >>> i % 32 & 0xFF);
+             }
 
-             if (ids && ids.length) {
-               var entity = ids.length === 1 && context.entity(ids[0]);
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to an array of little-endian words
+            * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
+            */
 
-               if (entity && newFeature && selection.classed('collapsed')) {
-                 // uncollapse the sidebar
-                 var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
-                 sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));
-               }
 
-               featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
-               inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false).classed('inspector-hover', false); // reload the UI even if the ids are the same since the entities
-               // themselves may have changed
+           function rstr2binl(input) {
+             var i,
+                 l = input.length * 8,
+                 output = Array(input.length >> 2),
+                 lo = output.length;
 
-               inspector.state('select').entityIDs(ids).newFeature(newFeature);
-               inspectorWrap.call(inspector);
-             } else {
-               inspector.state('hide');
+             for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
+               output[i] = 0;
              }
-           };
 
-           sidebar.showPresetList = function () {
-             inspector.showList();
-           };
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+               output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << i % 32;
+             }
 
-           sidebar.show = function (component, element) {
-             featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
-             inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
-             if (_current) _current.remove();
-             _current = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar-component').call(component, element);
-           };
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to an array of big-endian words
+            * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
+            */
 
-           sidebar.hide = function () {
-             featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false);
-             inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
-             if (_current) _current.remove();
-             _current = null;
-           };
 
-           sidebar.expand = function (moveMap) {
-             if (selection.classed('collapsed')) {
-               sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
+           function rstr2binb(input) {
+             var i,
+                 l = input.length * 8,
+                 output = Array(input.length >> 2),
+                 lo = output.length;
+
+             for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
+               output[i] = 0;
              }
-           };
 
-           sidebar.collapse = function (moveMap) {
-             if (!selection.classed('collapsed')) {
-               sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+               output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << 24 - i % 32;
              }
-           };
 
-           sidebar.toggle = function (moveMap) {
-             // Don't allow sidebar to toggle when the user is in the walkthrough.
-             if (context.inIntro()) return;
-             var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
-             var isCollapsing = !isCollapsed;
-             var isRTL = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
-             var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
-             var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';
-             sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width; // switch from % to px
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to an arbitrary string encoding
+            */
 
-             selection.style('width', sidebarWidth + 'px');
-             var startMargin, endMargin, lastMargin;
 
-             if (isCollapsing) {
-               startMargin = lastMargin = 0;
-               endMargin = -sidebarWidth;
-             } else {
-               startMargin = lastMargin = -sidebarWidth;
-               endMargin = 0;
-             }
+           function rstr2any(input, encoding) {
+             var divisor = encoding.length,
+                 remainders = Array(),
+                 i,
+                 q,
+                 x,
+                 ld,
+                 quotient,
+                 dividend,
+                 output,
+                 full_length;
+             /* Convert to an array of 16-bit big-endian values, forming the dividend */
 
-             if (!isCollapsing) {
-               // unhide the sidebar's content before it transitions onscreen
-               selection.classed('collapsed', isCollapsing);
-             }
+             dividend = Array(Math.ceil(input.length / 2));
+             ld = dividend.length;
 
-             selection.transition().style(xMarginProperty, endMargin + 'px').tween('panner', function () {
-               var i = d3_interpolateNumber(startMargin, endMargin);
-               return function (t) {
-                 var dx = lastMargin - Math.round(i(t));
-                 lastMargin = lastMargin - dx;
-                 context.ui().onResize(moveMap ? undefined : [dx * scaleX, 0]);
-               };
-             }).on('end', function () {
-               if (isCollapsing) {
-                 // hide the sidebar's content after it transitions offscreen
-                 selection.classed('collapsed', isCollapsing);
-               } // switch back from px to %
+             for (i = 0; i < ld; i += 1) {
+               dividend[i] = input.charCodeAt(i * 2) << 8 | input.charCodeAt(i * 2 + 1);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Repeatedly perform a long division. The binary array forms the dividend,
+              * the length of the encoding is the divisor. Once computed, the quotient
+              * forms the dividend for the next step. We stop when the dividend is zerHashes.
+              * All remainders are stored for later use.
+              */
 
 
-               if (!isCollapsing) {
-                 var containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
-                 var widthPct = sidebarWidth / containerWidth * 100;
-                 selection.style(xMarginProperty, null).style('width', widthPct + '%');
-               }
-             });
-           }; // toggle the sidebar collapse when double-clicking the resizer
+             while (dividend.length > 0) {
+               quotient = Array();
+               x = 0;
 
+               for (i = 0; i < dividend.length; i += 1) {
+                 x = (x << 16) + dividend[i];
+                 q = Math.floor(x / divisor);
+                 x -= q * divisor;
 
-           resizer.on('dblclick', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 if (quotient.length > 0 || q > 0) {
+                   quotient[quotient.length] = q;
+                 }
+               }
 
-             if (d3_event.sourceEvent) {
-               d3_event.sourceEvent.preventDefault();
+               remainders[remainders.length] = x;
+               dividend = quotient;
              }
+             /* Convert the remainders to the output string */
 
-             sidebar.toggle();
-           }); // ensure hover sidebar is closed when zooming out beyond editable zoom
 
-           context.map().on('crossEditableZoom.sidebar', function (within) {
-             if (!within && !selection.select('.inspector-hover').empty()) {
-               hover([]);
+             output = '';
+
+             for (i = remainders.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+               output += encoding.charAt(remainders[i]);
              }
-           });
-         }
+             /* Append leading zero equivalents */
 
-         sidebar.showPresetList = function () {};
 
-         sidebar.hover = function () {};
+             full_length = Math.ceil(input.length * 8 / (Math.log(encoding.length) / Math.log(2)));
 
-         sidebar.hover.cancel = function () {};
+             for (i = output.length; i < full_length; i += 1) {
+               output = encoding[0] + output;
+             }
 
-         sidebar.intersects = function () {};
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to a base-64 string
+            */
 
-         sidebar.select = function () {};
 
-         sidebar.show = function () {};
+           function rstr2b64(input, b64pad) {
+             var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
+                 output = '',
+                 len = input.length,
+                 i,
+                 j,
+                 triplet;
+             b64pad = b64pad || '=';
 
-         sidebar.hide = function () {};
+             for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
+               triplet = input.charCodeAt(i) << 16 | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
 
-         sidebar.expand = function () {};
+               for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
+                 if (i * 8 + j * 6 > input.length * 8) {
+                   output += b64pad;
+                 } else {
+                   output += tab.charAt(triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j) & 0x3F);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-         sidebar.collapse = function () {};
+             return output;
+           }
 
-         sidebar.toggle = function () {};
+           Hashes = {
+             /**
+              * @property {String} version
+              * @readonly
+              */
+             VERSION: '1.0.6',
 
-         return sidebar;
-       }
+             /**
+              * @member Hashes
+              * @class Base64
+              * @constructor
+              */
+             Base64: function Base64() {
+               // private properties
+               var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
+                   pad = '=',
+                   // URL encoding support @todo
+               utf8 = true; // by default enable UTF-8 support encoding
+               // public method for encoding
 
-       function uiSourceSwitch(context) {
-         var keys;
+               this.encode = function (input) {
+                 var i,
+                     j,
+                     triplet,
+                     output = '',
+                     len = input.length;
+                 pad = pad || '=';
+                 input = utf8 ? utf8Encode(input) : input;
 
-         function click(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           if (!osm) return;
-           if (context.inIntro()) return;
-           if (context.history().hasChanges() && !window.confirm(_t('source_switch.lose_changes'))) return;
-           var isLive = select(this).classed('live');
-           isLive = !isLive;
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           context.history().clearSaved(); // remove saved history
+                 for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
+                   triplet = input.charCodeAt(i) << 16 | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
+
+                   for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
+                     if (i * 8 + j * 6 > len * 8) {
+                       output += pad;
+                     } else {
+                       output += tab.charAt(triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j) & 0x3F);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           context.flush(); // remove stored data
+                 return output;
+               }; // public method for decoding
 
-           select(this).html(isLive ? _t.html('source_switch.live') : _t.html('source_switch.dev')).classed('live', isLive).classed('chip', isLive);
-           osm["switch"](isLive ? keys[0] : keys[1]); // switch connection (warning: dispatches 'change' event)
-         }
 
-         var sourceSwitch = function sourceSwitch(selection) {
-           selection.append('a').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('source_switch.live')).attr('class', 'live chip').on('click', click);
-         };
+               this.decode = function (input) {
+                 // var b64 = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=';
+                 var i,
+                     o1,
+                     o2,
+                     o3,
+                     h1,
+                     h2,
+                     h3,
+                     h4,
+                     bits,
+                     ac,
+                     dec = '',
+                     arr = [];
 
-         sourceSwitch.keys = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return keys;
-           keys = _;
-           return sourceSwitch;
-         };
+                 if (!input) {
+                   return input;
+                 }
 
-         return sourceSwitch;
-       }
+                 i = ac = 0;
+                 input = input.replace(new RegExp('\\' + pad, 'gi'), ''); // use '='
+                 //input += '';
 
-       function uiSpinner(context) {
-         var osm = context.connection();
-         return function (selection) {
-           var img = selection.append('img').attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-black.gif')).style('opacity', 0);
+                 do {
+                   // unpack four hexets into three octets using index points in b64
+                   h1 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
+                   h2 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
+                   h3 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
+                   h4 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
+                   bits = h1 << 18 | h2 << 12 | h3 << 6 | h4;
+                   o1 = bits >> 16 & 0xff;
+                   o2 = bits >> 8 & 0xff;
+                   o3 = bits & 0xff;
+                   ac += 1;
 
-           if (osm) {
-             osm.on('loading.spinner', function () {
-               img.transition().style('opacity', 1);
-             }).on('loaded.spinner', function () {
-               img.transition().style('opacity', 0);
-             });
-           }
-         };
-       }
+                   if (h3 === 64) {
+                     arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1);
+                   } else if (h4 === 64) {
+                     arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2);
+                   } else {
+                     arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2, o3);
+                   }
+                 } while (i < input.length);
 
-       function uiSplash(context) {
-         return function (selection) {
-           // Exception - if there are restorable changes, skip this splash screen.
-           // This is because we currently only support one `uiModal` at a time
-           //  and we need to show them `uiRestore`` instead of this one.
-           if (context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) return; // If user has not seen this version of the privacy policy, show the splash again.
+                 dec = arr.join('');
+                 dec = utf8 ? utf8Decode(dec) : dec;
+                 return dec;
+               }; // set custom pad string
 
-           var updateMessage = '';
-           var sawPrivacyVersion = corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion');
-           var showSplash = !corePreferences('sawSplash');
 
-           if (sawPrivacyVersion !== context.privacyVersion) {
-             updateMessage = _t('splash.privacy_update');
-             showSplash = true;
-           }
+               this.setPad = function (str) {
+                 pad = str || pad;
+                 return this;
+               }; // set custom tab string characters
 
-           if (!showSplash) return;
-           corePreferences('sawSplash', true);
-           corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion', context.privacyVersion); // fetch intro graph data now, while user is looking at the splash screen
 
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph');
-           var modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
-           modalSelection.select('.modal').attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');
-           var introModal = modalSelection.select('.content').append('div').attr('class', 'fillL');
-           introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('h3').html(_t.html('splash.welcome'));
-           var modalSection = introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section');
-           modalSection.append('p').html(_t.html('splash.text', {
-             version: context.version,
-             website: '<a target="_blank" href="http://ideditor.blog/">ideditor.blog</a>',
-             github: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD">github.com</a>'
-           }));
-           modalSection.append('p').html(_t.html('splash.privacy', {
-             updateMessage: updateMessage,
-             privacyLink: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md">' + _t('splash.privacy_policy') + '</a>'
-           }));
-           var buttonWrap = introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-actions');
-           var walkthrough = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'walkthrough').on('click', function () {
-             context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
-             modalSelection.close();
-           });
-           walkthrough.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
-           walkthrough.append('div').html(_t.html('splash.walkthrough'));
-           var startEditing = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'start-editing').on('click', modalSelection.close);
-           startEditing.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-features').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-features');
-           startEditing.append('div').html(_t.html('splash.start'));
-           modalSelection.select('button.close').attr('class', 'hide');
-         };
-       }
+               this.setTab = function (str) {
+                 tab = str || tab;
+                 return this;
+               };
 
-       function uiStatus(context) {
-         var osm = context.connection();
-         return function (selection) {
-           if (!osm) return;
+               this.setUTF8 = function (bool) {
+                 if (typeof bool === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = bool;
+                 }
 
-           function update(err, apiStatus) {
-             selection.html('');
+                 return this;
+               };
+             },
 
-             if (err) {
-               if (apiStatus === 'connectionSwitched') {
-                 // if the connection was just switched, we can't rely on
-                 // the status (we're getting the status of the previous api)
-                 return;
-               } else if (apiStatus === 'rateLimited') {
-                 selection.html(_t.html('osm_api_status.message.rateLimit')).append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'api-status-login').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('login')).on('click.login', function (d3_event) {
-                   d3_event.preventDefault();
-                   osm.authenticate();
-                 });
-               } else {
-                 // don't allow retrying too rapidly
-                 var throttledRetry = throttle(function () {
-                   // try loading the visible tiles
-                   context.loadTiles(context.projection); // manually reload the status too in case all visible tiles were already loaded
+             /**
+              * CRC-32 calculation
+              * @member Hashes
+              * @method CRC32
+              * @static
+              * @param {String} str Input String
+              * @return {String}
+              */
+             CRC32: function CRC32(str) {
+               var crc = 0,
+                   x = 0,
+                   y = 0,
+                   table,
+                   i,
+                   iTop;
+               str = utf8Encode(str);
+               table = ['00000000 77073096 EE0E612C 990951BA 076DC419 706AF48F E963A535 9E6495A3 0EDB8832 ', '79DCB8A4 E0D5E91E 97D2D988 09B64C2B 7EB17CBD E7B82D07 90BF1D91 1DB71064 6AB020F2 F3B97148 ', '84BE41DE 1ADAD47D 6DDDE4EB F4D4B551 83D385C7 136C9856 646BA8C0 FD62F97A 8A65C9EC 14015C4F ', '63066CD9 FA0F3D63 8D080DF5 3B6E20C8 4C69105E D56041E4 A2677172 3C03E4D1 4B04D447 D20D85FD ', 'A50AB56B 35B5A8FA 42B2986C DBBBC9D6 ACBCF940 32D86CE3 45DF5C75 DCD60DCF ABD13D59 26D930AC ', '51DE003A C8D75180 BFD06116 21B4F4B5 56B3C423 CFBA9599 B8BDA50F 2802B89E 5F058808 C60CD9B2 ', 'B10BE924 2F6F7C87 58684C11 C1611DAB B6662D3D 76DC4190 01DB7106 98D220BC EFD5102A 71B18589 ', '06B6B51F 9FBFE4A5 E8B8D433 7807C9A2 0F00F934 9609A88E E10E9818 7F6A0DBB 086D3D2D 91646C97 ', 'E6635C01 6B6B51F4 1C6C6162 856530D8 F262004E 6C0695ED 1B01A57B 8208F4C1 F50FC457 65B0D9C6 ', '12B7E950 8BBEB8EA FCB9887C 62DD1DDF 15DA2D49 8CD37CF3 FBD44C65 4DB26158 3AB551CE A3BC0074 ', 'D4BB30E2 4ADFA541 3DD895D7 A4D1C46D D3D6F4FB 4369E96A 346ED9FC AD678846 DA60B8D0 44042D73 ', '33031DE5 AA0A4C5F DD0D7CC9 5005713C 270241AA BE0B1010 C90C2086 5768B525 206F85B3 B966D409 ', 'CE61E49F 5EDEF90E 29D9C998 B0D09822 C7D7A8B4 59B33D17 2EB40D81 B7BD5C3B C0BA6CAD EDB88320 ', '9ABFB3B6 03B6E20C 74B1D29A EAD54739 9DD277AF 04DB2615 73DC1683 E3630B12 94643B84 0D6D6A3E ', '7A6A5AA8 E40ECF0B 9309FF9D 0A00AE27 7D079EB1 F00F9344 8708A3D2 1E01F268 6906C2FE F762575D ', '806567CB 196C3671 6E6B06E7 FED41B76 89D32BE0 10DA7A5A 67DD4ACC F9B9DF6F 8EBEEFF9 17B7BE43 ', '60B08ED5 D6D6A3E8 A1D1937E 38D8C2C4 4FDFF252 D1BB67F1 A6BC5767 3FB506DD 48B2364B D80D2BDA ', 'AF0A1B4C 36034AF6 41047A60 DF60EFC3 A867DF55 316E8EEF 4669BE79 CB61B38C BC66831A 256FD2A0 ', '5268E236 CC0C7795 BB0B4703 220216B9 5505262F C5BA3BBE B2BD0B28 2BB45A92 5CB36A04 C2D7FFA7 ', 'B5D0CF31 2CD99E8B 5BDEAE1D 9B64C2B0 EC63F226 756AA39C 026D930A 9C0906A9 EB0E363F 72076785 ', '05005713 95BF4A82 E2B87A14 7BB12BAE 0CB61B38 92D28E9B E5D5BE0D 7CDCEFB7 0BDBDF21 86D3D2D4 ', 'F1D4E242 68DDB3F8 1FDA836E 81BE16CD F6B9265B 6FB077E1 18B74777 88085AE6 FF0F6A70 66063BCA ', '11010B5C 8F659EFF F862AE69 616BFFD3 166CCF45 A00AE278 D70DD2EE 4E048354 3903B3C2 A7672661 ', 'D06016F7 4969474D 3E6E77DB AED16A4A D9D65ADC 40DF0B66 37D83BF0 A9BCAE53 DEBB9EC5 47B2CF7F ', '30B5FFE9 BDBDF21C CABAC28A 53B39330 24B4A3A6 BAD03605 CDD70693 54DE5729 23D967BF B3667A2E ', 'C4614AB8 5D681B02 2A6F2B94 B40BBE37 C30C8EA1 5A05DF1B 2D02EF8D'].join('');
+               crc = crc ^ -1;
 
-                   osm.reloadApiStatus();
-                 }, 2000); // eslint-disable-next-line no-warning-comments
-                 // TODO: nice messages for different error types
+               for (i = 0, iTop = str.length; i < iTop; i += 1) {
+                 y = (crc ^ str.charCodeAt(i)) & 0xFF;
+                 x = '0x' + table.substr(y * 9, 8);
+                 crc = crc >>> 8 ^ x;
+               } // always return a positive number (that's what >>> 0 does)
 
 
-                 selection.html(_t.html('osm_api_status.message.error') + ' ').append('a').attr('href', '#') // let the user manually retry their connection directly
-                 .html(_t.html('osm_api_status.retry')).on('click.retry', function (d3_event) {
-                   d3_event.preventDefault();
-                   throttledRetry();
-                 });
-               }
-             } else if (apiStatus === 'readonly') {
-               selection.html(_t.html('osm_api_status.message.readonly'));
-             } else if (apiStatus === 'offline') {
-               selection.html(_t.html('osm_api_status.message.offline'));
-             }
+               return (crc ^ -1) >>> 0;
+             },
 
-             selection.attr('class', 'api-status ' + (err ? 'error' : apiStatus));
-           }
+             /**
+              * @member Hashes
+              * @class MD5
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {Object} [config]
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
+              * Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright (C) Paul Johnston 1999 - 2009
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See <http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5> for more infHashes.
+              */
+             MD5: function MD5(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
+                */
+               var hexcase = options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false,
+                   // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
+                   // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding
+               // privileged (public) methods
 
-           osm.on('apiStatusChange.uiStatus', update); // reload the status periodically regardless of other factors
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
+               };
 
-           window.setInterval(function () {
-             osm.reloadApiStatus();
-           }, 90000); // load the initial status in case no OSM data was loaded yet
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
+               };
 
-           osm.reloadApiStatus();
-         };
-       }
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
+               };
 
-       function modeDrawArea(context, wayID, startGraph, button) {
-         var mode = {
-           button: button,
-           id: 'draw-area'
-         };
-         var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph).on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawArea', function () {
-           context.ui().flash.iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('self_intersection.error.areas'))();
-         });
-         mode.wayID = wayID;
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s);
+               };
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           context.install(behavior);
-         };
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d), hexcase);
+               };
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           context.uninstall(behavior);
-         };
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
 
-         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
-           return [wayID];
-         };
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                */
 
-         mode.activeID = function () {
-           return behavior && behavior.activeID() || [];
-         };
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {Boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                */
 
-       function modeAddArea(context, mode) {
-         mode.id = 'add-area';
-         var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context).on('start', start).on('startFromWay', startFromWay).on('startFromNode', startFromNode);
-         var defaultTags = {
-           area: 'yes'
-         };
-         if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'area');
 
-         function actionClose(wayId) {
-           return function (graph) {
-             return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).close());
-           };
-         }
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   hexcase = a;
+                 }
 
-         function start(loc) {
-           var startGraph = context.graph();
-           var node = osmNode({
-             loc: loc
-           });
-           var way = osmWay({
-             tags: defaultTags
-           });
-           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionClose(way.id));
-           context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-         }
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {String} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                */
 
-         function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
-           var startGraph = context.graph();
-           var node = osmNode({
-             loc: loc
-           });
-           var way = osmWay({
-             tags: defaultTags
-           });
-           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionClose(way.id), actionAddMidpoint({
-             loc: loc,
-             edge: edge
-           }, node));
-           context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-         }
 
-         function startFromNode(node) {
-           var startGraph = context.graph();
-           var way = osmWay({
-             tags: defaultTags
-           });
-           context.perform(actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionClose(way.id));
-           context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-         }
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {Boolean}
+                * @return {Object} [this]
+                */
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           context.install(behavior);
-         };
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           context.uninstall(behavior);
-         };
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
+                 }
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+                 return this;
+               }; // private methods
 
-       function modeAddLine(context, mode) {
-         mode.id = 'add-line';
-         var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context).on('start', start).on('startFromWay', startFromWay).on('startFromNode', startFromNode);
-         var defaultTags = {};
-         if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'line');
+               /**
+                * Calculate the MD5 of a raw string
+                */
 
-         function start(loc) {
-           var startGraph = context.graph();
-           var node = osmNode({
-             loc: loc
-           });
-           var way = osmWay({
-             tags: defaultTags
-           });
-           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id));
-           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-         }
 
-         function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
-           var startGraph = context.graph();
-           var node = osmNode({
-             loc: loc
-           });
-           var way = osmWay({
-             tags: defaultTags
-           });
-           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionAddMidpoint({
-             loc: loc,
-             edge: edge
-           }, node));
-           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-         }
+               function rstr(s) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the HMAC-MD5, of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
 
-         function startFromNode(node) {
-           var startGraph = context.graph();
-           var way = osmWay({
-             tags: defaultTags
-           });
-           context.perform(actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id));
-           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-         }
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           context.install(behavior);
-         };
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 var bkey, ipad, opad, hash, i;
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 bkey = rstr2binl(key);
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           context.uninstall(behavior);
-         };
+                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
+                   bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+                 ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
 
-       function modeAddPoint(context, mode) {
-         mode.id = 'add-point';
-         var behavior = behaviorDraw(context).on('click', add).on('clickWay', addWay).on('clickNode', addNode).on('cancel', cancel).on('finish', cancel);
-         var defaultTags = {};
-         if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'point');
+                 for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-         function add(loc) {
-           var node = osmNode({
-             loc: loc,
-             tags: defaultTags
-           });
-           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), _t('operations.add.annotation.point'));
-           enterSelectMode(node);
-         }
+                 hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 128));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
+                */
 
-         function addWay(loc, edge) {
-           var node = osmNode({
-             tags: defaultTags
-           });
-           context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
-             loc: loc,
-             edge: edge
-           }, node), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
-           enterSelectMode(node);
-         }
 
-         function enterSelectMode(node) {
-           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [node.id]).newFeature(true));
-         }
+               function binl(x, len) {
+                 var i,
+                     olda,
+                     oldb,
+                     oldc,
+                     oldd,
+                     a = 1732584193,
+                     b = -271733879,
+                     c = -1732584194,
+                     d = 271733878;
+                 /* append padding */
+
+                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << len % 32;
+                 x[(len + 64 >>> 9 << 4) + 14] = len;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
+                   olda = a;
+                   oldb = b;
+                   oldc = c;
+                   oldd = d;
+                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 7, -680876936);
+                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 1], 12, -389564586);
+                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 17, 606105819);
+                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 3], 22, -1044525330);
+                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 7, -176418897);
+                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 5], 12, 1200080426);
+                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 17, -1473231341);
+                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 7], 22, -45705983);
+                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 7, 1770035416);
+                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 9], 12, -1958414417);
+                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 17, -42063);
+                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 11], 22, -1990404162);
+                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 7, 1804603682);
+                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 13], 12, -40341101);
+                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 17, -1502002290);
+                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 15], 22, 1236535329);
+                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 5, -165796510);
+                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 6], 9, -1069501632);
+                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 14, 643717713);
+                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 0], 20, -373897302);
+                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 5, -701558691);
+                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 10], 9, 38016083);
+                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 14, -660478335);
+                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 4], 20, -405537848);
+                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 5, 568446438);
+                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 14], 9, -1019803690);
+                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 14, -187363961);
+                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 8], 20, 1163531501);
+                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 5, -1444681467);
+                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 2], 9, -51403784);
+                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 14, 1735328473);
+                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 12], 20, -1926607734);
+                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 4, -378558);
+                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 8], 11, -2022574463);
+                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 16, 1839030562);
+                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 14], 23, -35309556);
+                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 4, -1530992060);
+                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 4], 11, 1272893353);
+                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 16, -155497632);
+                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 10], 23, -1094730640);
+                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 4, 681279174);
+                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 0], 11, -358537222);
+                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 16, -722521979);
+                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 6], 23, 76029189);
+                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 4, -640364487);
+                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 12], 11, -421815835);
+                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 16, 530742520);
+                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 2], 23, -995338651);
+                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 6, -198630844);
+                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 7], 10, 1126891415);
+                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 15, -1416354905);
+                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 5], 21, -57434055);
+                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 6, 1700485571);
+                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 3], 10, -1894986606);
+                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 15, -1051523);
+                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 1], 21, -2054922799);
+                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 6, 1873313359);
+                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 15], 10, -30611744);
+                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 15, -1560198380);
+                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 13], 21, 1309151649);
+                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 6, -145523070);
+                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 11], 10, -1120210379);
+                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 15, 718787259);
+                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 9], 21, -343485551);
+                   a = safe_add(a, olda);
+                   b = safe_add(b, oldb);
+                   c = safe_add(c, oldc);
+                   d = safe_add(d, oldd);
+                 }
 
-         function addNode(node) {
-           if (Object.keys(defaultTags).length === 0) {
-             enterSelectMode(node);
-             return;
-           }
+                 return Array(a, b, c, d);
+               }
+               /**
+                * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
+                */
 
-           var tags = Object.assign({}, node.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           for (var key in defaultTags) {
-             tags[key] = defaultTags[key];
-           }
+               function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t) {
+                 return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s), b);
+               }
 
-           context.perform(actionChangeTags(node.id, tags), _t('operations.add.annotation.point'));
-           enterSelectMode(node);
-         }
+               function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
+                 return md5_cmn(b & c | ~b & d, a, b, x, s, t);
+               }
 
-         function cancel() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-         }
+               function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
+                 return md5_cmn(b & d | c & ~d, a, b, x, s, t);
+               }
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           context.install(behavior);
-         };
+               function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
+                 return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
+               }
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           context.uninstall(behavior);
-         };
+               function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
+                 return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | ~d), a, b, x, s, t);
+               }
+             },
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+             /**
+              * @member Hashes
+              * @class Hashes.SHA1
+              * @param {Object} [config]
+              * @constructor
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-1, as defined in FIPS 180-1
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+              */
+             SHA1: function SHA1(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
+                */
+               var hexcase = options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false,
+                   // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
+                   // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding
+               // public methods
 
-       function modeAddNote(context) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'add-note',
-           button: 'note',
-           description: _t.html('modes.add_note.description'),
-           key: _t('modes.add_note.key')
-         };
-         var behavior = behaviorDraw(context).on('click', add).on('cancel', cancel).on('finish', cancel);
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
+               };
 
-         function add(loc) {
-           var osm = services.osm;
-           if (!osm) return;
-           var note = osmNote({
-             loc: loc,
-             status: 'open',
-             comments: []
-           });
-           osm.replaceNote(note); // force a reraw (there is no history change that would otherwise do this)
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
+               };
 
-           context.map().pan([0, 0]);
-           context.selectedNoteID(note.id).enter(modeSelectNote(context, note.id).newFeature(true));
-         }
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
+               };
 
-         function cancel() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-         }
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s);
+               };
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           context.install(behavior);
-         };
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
+               };
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           context.uninstall(behavior);
-         };
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       function uiConflicts(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel', 'save');
-         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('conflicts');
 
-         var _origChanges;
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-         var _conflictList;
 
-         var _shownConflictIndex;
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   hexcase = a;
+                 }
 
-         function keybindingOn() {
-           select(document).call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
-         }
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {string} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-         function keybindingOff() {
-           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
-         }
 
-         function tryAgain() {
-           keybindingOff();
-           dispatch$1.call('save');
-         }
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-         function cancel() {
-           keybindingOff();
-           dispatch$1.call('cancel');
-         }
 
-         function conflicts(selection) {
-           keybindingOn();
-           var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'fr').on('click', cancel).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           headerEnter.append('h3').html(_t.html('save.conflict.header'));
-           var bodyEnter = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body fillL');
-           var conflictsHelpEnter = bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflicts-help').html(_t.html('save.conflict.help')); // Download changes link
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
+                 }
 
-           var detected = utilDetect();
-           var changeset = new osmChangeset();
-           delete changeset.id; // Export without changeset_id
+                 return this;
+               }; // private methods
 
-           var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(_origChanges));
-           var blob = new Blob([data], {
-             type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;'
-           });
-           var fileName = 'changes.osc';
-           var linkEnter = conflictsHelpEnter.selectAll('.download-changes').append('a').attr('class', 'download-changes');
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
+                */
 
-           if (detected.download) {
-             // All except IE11 and Edge
-             linkEnter // download the data as a file
-             .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)).attr('download', fileName);
-           } else {
-             // IE11 and Edge
-             linkEnter // open data uri in a new tab
-             .attr('target', '_blank').on('click.download', function () {
-               navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
-             });
-           }
 
-           linkEnter.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('save.conflict.download_changes'));
-           bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-container fillL3').call(showConflict, 0);
-           bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflicts-done').attr('opacity', 0).style('display', 'none').html(_t.html('save.conflict.done'));
-           var buttonsEnter = bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'buttons col12 joined conflicts-buttons');
-           buttonsEnter.append('button').attr('disabled', _conflictList.length > 1).attr('class', 'action conflicts-button col6').html(_t.html('save.title')).on('click.try_again', tryAgain);
-           buttonsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'secondary-action conflicts-button col6').html(_t.html('confirm.cancel')).on('click.cancel', cancel);
-         }
+               function rstr(s) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the HMAC-SHA1 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
 
-         function showConflict(selection, index) {
-           index = utilWrap(index, _conflictList.length);
-           _shownConflictIndex = index;
-           var parent = select(selection.node().parentNode); // enable save button if this is the last conflict being reviewed..
 
-           if (index === _conflictList.length - 1) {
-             window.setTimeout(function () {
-               parent.select('.conflicts-button').attr('disabled', null);
-               parent.select('.conflicts-done').transition().attr('opacity', 1).style('display', 'block');
-             }, 250);
-           }
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 var bkey, ipad, opad, i, hash;
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 bkey = rstr2binb(key);
 
-           var conflict = selection.selectAll('.conflict').data([_conflictList[index]]);
-           conflict.exit().remove();
-           var conflictEnter = conflict.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'conflict');
-           conflictEnter.append('h4').attr('class', 'conflict-count').html(_t.html('save.conflict.count', {
-             num: index + 1,
-             total: _conflictList.length
-           }));
-           conflictEnter.append('a').attr('class', 'conflict-description').attr('href', '#').html(function (d) {
-             return d.name;
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             zoomToEntity(d.id);
-           });
-           var details = conflictEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-detail-container');
-           details.append('ul').attr('class', 'conflict-detail-list').selectAll('li').data(function (d) {
-             return d.details || [];
-           }).enter().append('li').attr('class', 'conflict-detail-item').html(function (d) {
-             return d;
-           });
-           details.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-choices').call(addChoices);
-           details.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-nav-buttons joined cf').selectAll('button').data(['previous', 'next']).enter().append('button').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('save.conflict.' + d);
-           }).attr('class', 'conflict-nav-button action col6').attr('disabled', function (d, i) {
-             return i === 0 && index === 0 || i === 1 && index === _conflictList.length - 1 || null;
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             var container = parent.selectAll('.conflict-container');
-             var sign = d === 'previous' ? -1 : 1;
-             container.selectAll('.conflict').remove();
-             container.call(showConflict, index + sign);
-           });
-         }
+                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
+                   bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-         function addChoices(selection) {
-           var choices = selection.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list').selectAll('li').data(function (d) {
-             return d.choices || [];
-           }); // enter
+                 ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
 
-           var choicesEnter = choices.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'layer');
-           var labelEnter = choicesEnter.append('label');
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }).on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
-             var ul = this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode;
-             ul.__data__.chosen = d.id;
-             choose(d3_event, ul, d);
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return d.text;
-           }); // update
+                 for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-           choicesEnter.merge(choices).each(function (d) {
-             var ul = this.parentNode;
+                 hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-1 of an array of big-endian words, and a bit length
+                */
 
-             if (ul.__data__.chosen === d.id) {
-               choose(null, ul, d);
-             }
-           });
-         }
 
-         function choose(d3_event, ul, datum) {
-           if (d3_event) d3_event.preventDefault();
-           select(ul).selectAll('li').classed('active', function (d) {
-             return d === datum;
-           }).selectAll('input').property('checked', function (d) {
-             return d === datum;
-           });
-           var extent = geoExtent();
-           var entity;
-           entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
-           if (entity) extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-           datum.action();
-           entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
-           if (entity) extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-           zoomToEntity(datum.id, extent);
-         }
+               function binb(x, len) {
+                 var i,
+                     j,
+                     t,
+                     olda,
+                     oldb,
+                     oldc,
+                     oldd,
+                     olde,
+                     w = Array(80),
+                     a = 1732584193,
+                     b = -271733879,
+                     c = -1732584194,
+                     d = 271733878,
+                     e = -1009589776;
+                 /* append padding */
 
-         function zoomToEntity(id, extent) {
-           context.surface().selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
-           var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(id);
+                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << 24 - len % 32;
+                 x[(len + 64 >> 9 << 4) + 15] = len;
 
-           if (entity) {
-             if (extent) {
-               context.map().trimmedExtent(extent);
-             } else {
-               context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
-             }
+                 for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
+                   olda = a;
+                   oldb = b;
+                   oldc = c;
+                   oldd = d;
+                   olde = e;
 
-             context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
-           }
-         } // The conflict list should be an array of objects like:
-         // {
-         //     id: id,
-         //     name: entityName(local),
-         //     details: merge.conflicts(),
-         //     chosen: 1,
-         //     choices: [
-         //         choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal),
-         //         choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)
-         //     ]
-         // }
+                   for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
+                     if (j < 16) {
+                       w[j] = x[i + j];
+                     } else {
+                       w[j] = bit_rol(w[j - 3] ^ w[j - 8] ^ w[j - 14] ^ w[j - 16], 1);
+                     }
 
+                     t = safe_add(safe_add(bit_rol(a, 5), sha1_ft(j, b, c, d)), safe_add(safe_add(e, w[j]), sha1_kt(j)));
+                     e = d;
+                     d = c;
+                     c = bit_rol(b, 30);
+                     b = a;
+                     a = t;
+                   }
 
-         conflicts.conflictList = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _conflictList;
-           _conflictList = _;
-           return conflicts;
-         };
+                   a = safe_add(a, olda);
+                   b = safe_add(b, oldb);
+                   c = safe_add(c, oldc);
+                   d = safe_add(d, oldd);
+                   e = safe_add(e, olde);
+                 }
 
-         conflicts.origChanges = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _origChanges;
-           _origChanges = _;
-           return conflicts;
-         };
+                 return Array(a, b, c, d, e);
+               }
+               /**
+                * Perform the appropriate triplet combination function for the current
+                * iteration
+                */
 
-         conflicts.shownEntityIds = function () {
-           if (_conflictList && typeof _shownConflictIndex === 'number') {
-             return [_conflictList[_shownConflictIndex].id];
-           }
 
-           return [];
-         };
+               function sha1_ft(t, b, c, d) {
+                 if (t < 20) {
+                   return b & c | ~b & d;
+                 }
 
-         return utilRebind(conflicts, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+                 if (t < 40) {
+                   return b ^ c ^ d;
+                 }
 
-       function uiConfirm(selection) {
-         var modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
-         modalSelection.select('.modal').classed('modal-alert', true);
-         var section = modalSelection.select('.content');
-         section.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section header');
-         section.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section message-text');
-         var buttons = section.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section buttons cf');
+                 if (t < 60) {
+                   return b & c | b & d | c & d;
+                 }
 
-         modalSelection.okButton = function () {
-           buttons.append('button').attr('class', 'button ok-button action').on('click.confirm', function () {
-             modalSelection.remove();
-           }).html(_t.html('confirm.okay')).node().focus();
-           return modalSelection;
-         };
+                 return b ^ c ^ d;
+               }
+               /**
+                * Determine the appropriate additive constant for the current iteration
+                */
 
-         return modalSelection;
-       }
 
-       function uiChangesetEditor(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
-         var commentCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'comment').caseSensitive(true);
+               function sha1_kt(t) {
+                 return t < 20 ? 1518500249 : t < 40 ? 1859775393 : t < 60 ? -1894007588 : -899497514;
+               }
+             },
 
-         var _fieldsArr;
+             /**
+              * @class Hashes.SHA256
+              * @param {config}
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined in FIPS 180-2
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+              * Also http://anmar.eu.org/projects/jssha2/
+              */
+             SHA256: function SHA256(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * @see this.setUpperCase() method
+                * @see this.setPad() method
+                */
+               options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false;
+                   var // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
 
-         var _tags;
+               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true,
 
-         var _changesetID;
+               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
+               sha256_K;
+               /* privileged (public) methods */
 
-         function changesetEditor(selection) {
-           render(selection);
-         }
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s, utf8));
+               };
 
-         function render(selection) {
-           var initial = false;
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s, utf8), b64pad);
+               };
 
-           if (!_fieldsArr) {
-             initial = true;
-             var presets = _mainPresetIndex;
-             _fieldsArr = [uiField(context, presets.field('comment'), null, {
-               show: true,
-               revert: false
-             }), uiField(context, presets.field('source'), null, {
-               show: false,
-               revert: false
-             }), uiField(context, presets.field('hashtags'), null, {
-               show: false,
-               revert: false
-             })];
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s, utf8), e);
+               };
 
-             _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
-               field.on('change', function (t, onInput) {
-                 dispatch$1.call('change', field, undefined, t, onInput);
-               });
-             });
-           }
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s, utf8);
+               };
 
-           _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
-             field.tags(_tags);
-           });
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
+               };
 
-           selection.call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
 
-           if (initial) {
-             var commentField = selection.select('.form-field-comment textarea');
-             var commentNode = commentField.node();
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                * @public
+                */
 
-             if (commentNode) {
-               commentNode.focus();
-               commentNode.select();
-             } // trigger a 'blur' event so that comment field can be cleaned
-             // and checked for hashtags, even if retrieved from localstorage
 
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-             utilTriggerEvent(commentField, 'blur');
-             var osm = context.connection();
 
-             if (osm) {
-               osm.userChangesets(function (err, changesets) {
-                 if (err) return;
-                 var comments = changesets.map(function (changeset) {
-                   var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
-                   return comment ? {
-                     title: comment,
-                     value: comment
-                   } : null;
-                 }).filter(Boolean);
-                 commentField.call(commentCombo.data(utilArrayUniqBy(comments, 'title')));
-               });
-             }
-           } // Add warning if comment mentions Google
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
 
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {string} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-           var hasGoogle = _tags.comment.match(/google/i);
 
-           var commentWarning = selection.select('.form-field-comment').selectAll('.comment-warning').data(hasGoogle ? [0] : []);
-           commentWarning.exit().transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
-           var commentEnter = commentWarning.enter().insert('div', '.tag-reference-body').attr('class', 'field-warning comment-warning').style('opacity', 0);
-           commentEnter.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline')).attr('href', _t('commit.google_warning_link')).append('span').html(_t.html('commit.google_warning'));
-           commentEnter.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 1);
-         }
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-         changesetEditor.tags = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-           _tags = _; // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
 
-           return changesetEditor;
-         };
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
+                 }
 
-         changesetEditor.changesetID = function (_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _changesetID;
-           if (_changesetID === _) return changesetEditor;
-           _changesetID = _;
-           _fieldsArr = null;
-           return changesetEditor;
-         };
+                 return this;
+               }; // private methods
 
-         return utilRebind(changesetEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
+                */
 
-       function uiSectionChanges(context) {
-         var detected = utilDetect();
-         var _discardTags = {};
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded').then(function (d) {
-           _discardTags = d;
-         })["catch"](function () {
-           /* ignore */
-         });
-         var section = uiSection('changes-list', context).label(function () {
-           var history = context.history();
-           var summary = history.difference().summary();
-           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
-             title: _t.html('commit.changes'),
-             count: summary.length
-           });
-         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var history = context.history();
-           var summary = history.difference().summary();
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.commit-section').data([0]);
-           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'commit-section');
-           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'changeset-list');
-           container = containerEnter.merge(container);
-           var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li').data(summary);
-           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'change-item');
-           var buttons = itemsEnter.append('button').on('mouseover', mouseover).on('mouseout', mouseout).on('click', click);
-           buttons.each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.entity.geometry(d.graph), 'pre-text ' + d.changeType));
-           });
-           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'change-type').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('commit.' + d.changeType) + ' ';
-           });
-           buttons.append('strong').attr('class', 'entity-type').html(function (d) {
-             var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.entity, d.graph);
-             return matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(d.entity.id);
-           });
-           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name').html(function (d) {
-             var name = utilDisplayName(d.entity) || '',
-                 string = '';
+               function rstr(s, utf8) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the HMAC-sha256 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
 
-             if (name !== '') {
-               string += ':';
-             }
 
-             return string += ' ' + name;
-           });
-           items = itemsEnter.merge(items); // Download changeset link
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 var hash,
+                     i = 0,
+                     bkey = rstr2binb(key),
+                     ipad = Array(16),
+                     opad = Array(16);
 
-           var changeset = new osmChangeset().update({
-             id: undefined
-           });
-           var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
-           delete changeset.id; // Export without chnageset_id
+                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
+                   bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-           var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes));
-           var blob = new Blob([data], {
-             type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;'
-           });
-           var fileName = 'changes.osc';
-           var linkEnter = container.selectAll('.download-changes').data([0]).enter().append('a').attr('class', 'download-changes');
+                 for (; i < 16; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-           if (detected.download) {
-             // All except IE11 and Edge
-             linkEnter // download the data as a file
-             .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)).attr('download', fileName);
-           } else {
-             // IE11 and Edge
-             linkEnter // open data uri in a new tab
-             .attr('target', '_blank').on('click.download', function () {
-               navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
-             });
-           }
+                 hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 256));
+               }
+               /*
+                * Main sha256 function, with its support functions
+                */
 
-           linkEnter.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('commit.download_changes'));
 
-           function mouseover(d) {
-             if (d.entity) {
-               context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([d.entity.id], context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
-             }
-           }
+               function sha256_S(X, n) {
+                 return X >>> n | X << 32 - n;
+               }
 
-           function mouseout() {
-             context.surface().selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
-           }
+               function sha256_R(X, n) {
+                 return X >>> n;
+               }
 
-           function click(d3_event, change) {
-             if (change.changeType !== 'deleted') {
-               var entity = change.entity;
-               context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
-               context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
-             }
-           }
-         }
+               function sha256_Ch(x, y, z) {
+                 return x & y ^ ~x & z;
+               }
 
-         return section;
-       }
+               function sha256_Maj(x, y, z) {
+                 return x & y ^ x & z ^ y & z;
+               }
 
-       function uiCommitWarnings(context) {
-         function commitWarnings(selection) {
-           var issuesBySeverity = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity({
-             what: 'edited',
-             where: 'all',
-             includeDisabledRules: true
-           });
+               function sha256_Sigma0256(x) {
+                 return sha256_S(x, 2) ^ sha256_S(x, 13) ^ sha256_S(x, 22);
+               }
 
-           for (var severity in issuesBySeverity) {
-             var issues = issuesBySeverity[severity];
-             var section = severity + '-section';
-             var issueItem = severity + '-item';
-             var container = selection.selectAll('.' + section).data(issues.length ? [0] : []);
-             container.exit().remove();
-             var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section ' + section + ' fillL2');
-             containerEnter.append('h3').html(severity === 'warning' ? _t.html('commit.warnings') : _t.html('commit.errors'));
-             containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'changeset-list');
-             container = containerEnter.merge(container);
-             var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li').data(issues, function (d) {
-               return d.id;
-             });
-             items.exit().remove();
-             var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', issueItem);
-             var buttons = itemsEnter.append('button').on('mouseover', function (d3_event, d) {
-               if (d.entityIds) {
-                 context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector(d.entityIds, context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
+               function sha256_Sigma1256(x) {
+                 return sha256_S(x, 6) ^ sha256_S(x, 11) ^ sha256_S(x, 25);
                }
-             }).on('mouseout', function () {
-               context.surface().selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
-             }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-               context.validator().focusIssue(d);
-             });
-             buttons.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));
-             buttons.append('strong').attr('class', 'issue-message');
-             buttons.filter(function (d) {
-               return d.tooltip;
-             }).call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
-               return d.tooltip;
-             }).placement('top'));
-             items = itemsEnter.merge(items);
-             items.selectAll('.issue-message').html(function (d) {
-               return d.message(context);
-             });
-           }
-         }
 
-         return commitWarnings;
-       }
+               function sha256_Gamma0256(x) {
+                 return sha256_S(x, 7) ^ sha256_S(x, 18) ^ sha256_R(x, 3);
+               }
 
-       var readOnlyTags = [/^changesets_count$/, /^created_by$/, /^ideditor:/, /^imagery_used$/, /^host$/, /^locale$/, /^warnings:/, /^resolved:/, /^closed:note$/, /^closed:keepright$/, /^closed:improveosm:/, /^closed:osmose:/]; // treat most punctuation (except -, _, +, &) as hashtag delimiters - #4398
-       // from https://stackoverflow.com/a/25575009
+               function sha256_Gamma1256(x) {
+                 return sha256_S(x, 17) ^ sha256_S(x, 19) ^ sha256_R(x, 10);
+               }
 
-       var hashtagRegex = /(#[^\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\s\\'!"#$%()*,.\/:;<=>?@\[\]^`{|}~]+)/g;
-       function uiCommit(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel');
+               sha256_K = [1116352408, 1899447441, -1245643825, -373957723, 961987163, 1508970993, -1841331548, -1424204075, -670586216, 310598401, 607225278, 1426881987, 1925078388, -2132889090, -1680079193, -1046744716, -459576895, -272742522, 264347078, 604807628, 770255983, 1249150122, 1555081692, 1996064986, -1740746414, -1473132947, -1341970488, -1084653625, -958395405, -710438585, 113926993, 338241895, 666307205, 773529912, 1294757372, 1396182291, 1695183700, 1986661051, -2117940946, -1838011259, -1564481375, -1474664885, -1035236496, -949202525, -778901479, -694614492, -200395387, 275423344, 430227734, 506948616, 659060556, 883997877, 958139571, 1322822218, 1537002063, 1747873779, 1955562222, 2024104815, -2067236844, -1933114872, -1866530822, -1538233109, -1090935817, -965641998];
 
-         var _userDetails;
+               function binb(m, l) {
+                 var HASH = [1779033703, -1150833019, 1013904242, -1521486534, 1359893119, -1694144372, 528734635, 1541459225];
+                 var W = new Array(64);
+                 var a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h;
+                 var i, j, T1, T2;
+                 /* append padding */
 
-         var _selection;
+                 m[l >> 5] |= 0x80 << 24 - l % 32;
+                 m[(l + 64 >> 9 << 4) + 15] = l;
 
-         var changesetEditor = uiChangesetEditor(context).on('change', changeTags);
-         var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('changeset-tag-editor', context).on('change', changeTags).readOnlyTags(readOnlyTags);
-         var commitChanges = uiSectionChanges(context);
-         var commitWarnings = uiCommitWarnings(context);
+                 for (i = 0; i < m.length; i += 16) {
+                   a = HASH[0];
+                   b = HASH[1];
+                   c = HASH[2];
+                   d = HASH[3];
+                   e = HASH[4];
+                   f = HASH[5];
+                   g = HASH[6];
+                   h = HASH[7];
 
-         function commit(selection) {
-           _selection = selection; // Initialize changeset if one does not exist yet.
+                   for (j = 0; j < 64; j += 1) {
+                     if (j < 16) {
+                       W[j] = m[j + i];
+                     } else {
+                       W[j] = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(sha256_Gamma1256(W[j - 2]), W[j - 7]), sha256_Gamma0256(W[j - 15])), W[j - 16]);
+                     }
 
-           if (!context.changeset) initChangeset();
-           loadDerivedChangesetTags();
-           selection.call(render);
-         }
+                     T1 = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(h, sha256_Sigma1256(e)), sha256_Ch(e, f, g)), sha256_K[j]), W[j]);
+                     T2 = safe_add(sha256_Sigma0256(a), sha256_Maj(a, b, c));
+                     h = g;
+                     g = f;
+                     f = e;
+                     e = safe_add(d, T1);
+                     d = c;
+                     c = b;
+                     b = a;
+                     a = safe_add(T1, T2);
+                   }
 
-         function initChangeset() {
-           // expire stored comment, hashtags, source after cutoff datetime - #3947 #4899
-           var commentDate = +corePreferences('commentDate') || 0;
-           var currDate = Date.now();
-           var cutoff = 2 * 86400 * 1000; // 2 days
+                   HASH[0] = safe_add(a, HASH[0]);
+                   HASH[1] = safe_add(b, HASH[1]);
+                   HASH[2] = safe_add(c, HASH[2]);
+                   HASH[3] = safe_add(d, HASH[3]);
+                   HASH[4] = safe_add(e, HASH[4]);
+                   HASH[5] = safe_add(f, HASH[5]);
+                   HASH[6] = safe_add(g, HASH[6]);
+                   HASH[7] = safe_add(h, HASH[7]);
+                 }
 
-           if (commentDate > currDate || currDate - commentDate > cutoff) {
-             corePreferences('comment', null);
-             corePreferences('hashtags', null);
-             corePreferences('source', null);
-           } // load in explicitly-set values, if any
+                 return HASH;
+               }
+             },
 
+             /**
+              * @class Hashes.SHA512
+              * @param {config}
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-512, as defined in FIPS 180-2
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright Anonymous Contributor, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+              */
+             SHA512: function SHA512(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * @see this.setUpperCase() method
+                * @see this.setPad() method
+                */
+               options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false;
 
-           if (context.defaultChangesetComment()) {
-             corePreferences('comment', context.defaultChangesetComment());
-             corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-           }
+               var /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
 
-           if (context.defaultChangesetSource()) {
-             corePreferences('source', context.defaultChangesetSource());
-             corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-           }
+               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true,
 
-           if (context.defaultChangesetHashtags()) {
-             corePreferences('hashtags', context.defaultChangesetHashtags());
-             corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-           }
+               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
+               sha512_k;
+               /* privileged (public) methods */
 
-           var detected = utilDetect();
-           var tags = {
-             comment: corePreferences('comment') || '',
-             created_by: context.cleanTagValue('iD ' + context.version),
-             host: context.cleanTagValue(detected.host),
-             locale: context.cleanTagValue(_mainLocalizer.localeCode())
-           }; // call findHashtags initially - this will remove stored
-           // hashtags if any hashtags are found in the comment - #4304
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
+               };
 
-           findHashtags(tags, true);
-           var hashtags = corePreferences('hashtags');
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
+               };
 
-           if (hashtags) {
-             tags.hashtags = hashtags;
-           }
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
+               };
 
-           var source = corePreferences('source');
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s);
+               };
 
-           if (source) {
-             tags.source = source;
-           }
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
+               };
 
-           var photoOverlaysUsed = context.history().photoOverlaysUsed();
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
 
-           if (photoOverlaysUsed.length) {
-             var sources = (tags.source || '').split(';'); // include this tag for any photo layer
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                * @public
+                */
 
-             if (sources.indexOf('streetlevel imagery') === -1) {
-               sources.push('streetlevel imagery');
-             } // add the photo overlays used during editing as sources
 
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-             photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function (photoOverlay) {
-               if (sources.indexOf(photoOverlay) === -1) {
-                 sources.push(photoOverlay);
-               }
-             });
-             tags.source = context.cleanTagValue(sources.join(';'));
-           }
 
-           context.changeset = new osmChangeset({
-             tags: tags
-           });
-         } // Calculates read-only metadata tags based on the user's editing session and applies
-         // them to the changeset.
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
 
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {string} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-         function loadDerivedChangesetTags() {
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           if (!osm) return;
-           var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags); // shallow copy
-           // assign tags for imagery used
 
-           var imageryUsed = context.cleanTagValue(context.history().imageryUsed().join(';'));
-           tags.imagery_used = imageryUsed || 'None'; // assign tags for closed issues and notes
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-           var osmClosed = osm.getClosedIDs();
-           var itemType;
 
-           if (osmClosed.length) {
-             tags['closed:note'] = context.cleanTagValue(osmClosed.join(';'));
-           }
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
+                 }
 
-           if (services.keepRight) {
-             var krClosed = services.keepRight.getClosedIDs();
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /* private methods */
 
-             if (krClosed.length) {
-               tags['closed:keepright'] = context.cleanTagValue(krClosed.join(';'));
-             }
-           }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
+                */
 
-           if (services.improveOSM) {
-             var iOsmClosed = services.improveOSM.getClosedCounts();
 
-             for (itemType in iOsmClosed) {
-               tags['closed:improveosm:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(iOsmClosed[itemType].toString());
-             }
-           }
+               function rstr(s) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
+               }
+               /*
+                * Calculate the HMAC-SHA-512 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
 
-           if (services.osmose) {
-             var osmoseClosed = services.osmose.getClosedCounts();
 
-             for (itemType in osmoseClosed) {
-               tags['closed:osmose:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(osmoseClosed[itemType].toString());
-             }
-           } // remove existing issue counts
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 var hash,
+                     i = 0,
+                     bkey = rstr2binb(key),
+                     ipad = Array(32),
+                     opad = Array(32);
 
+                 if (bkey.length > 32) {
+                   bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-           for (var key in tags) {
-             if (key.match(/(^warnings:)|(^resolved:)/)) {
-               delete tags[key];
-             }
-           }
+                 for (; i < 32; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-           function addIssueCounts(issues, prefix) {
-             var issuesByType = utilArrayGroupBy(issues, 'type');
+                 hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 1024 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 1024 + 512));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-512 of an array of big-endian dwords, and a bit length
+                */
 
-             for (var issueType in issuesByType) {
-               var issuesOfType = issuesByType[issueType];
 
-               if (issuesOfType[0].subtype) {
-                 var issuesBySubtype = utilArrayGroupBy(issuesOfType, 'subtype');
+               function binb(x, len) {
+                 var j,
+                     i,
+                     l,
+                     W = new Array(80),
+                     hash = new Array(16),
+                     //Initial hash values
+                 H = [new int64(0x6a09e667, -205731576), new int64(-1150833019, -2067093701), new int64(0x3c6ef372, -23791573), new int64(-1521486534, 0x5f1d36f1), new int64(0x510e527f, -1377402159), new int64(-1694144372, 0x2b3e6c1f), new int64(0x1f83d9ab, -79577749), new int64(0x5be0cd19, 0x137e2179)],
+                     T1 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     T2 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     a = new int64(0, 0),
+                     b = new int64(0, 0),
+                     c = new int64(0, 0),
+                     d = new int64(0, 0),
+                     e = new int64(0, 0),
+                     f = new int64(0, 0),
+                     g = new int64(0, 0),
+                     h = new int64(0, 0),
+                     //Temporary variables not specified by the document
+                 s0 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     s1 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     Ch = new int64(0, 0),
+                     Maj = new int64(0, 0),
+                     r1 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     r2 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     r3 = new int64(0, 0);
 
-                 for (var issueSubtype in issuesBySubtype) {
-                   var issuesOfSubtype = issuesBySubtype[issueSubtype];
-                   tags[prefix + ':' + issueType + ':' + issueSubtype] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfSubtype.length.toString());
+                 if (sha512_k === undefined) {
+                   //SHA512 constants
+                   sha512_k = [new int64(0x428a2f98, -685199838), new int64(0x71374491, 0x23ef65cd), new int64(-1245643825, -330482897), new int64(-373957723, -2121671748), new int64(0x3956c25b, -213338824), new int64(0x59f111f1, -1241133031), new int64(-1841331548, -1357295717), new int64(-1424204075, -630357736), new int64(-670586216, -1560083902), new int64(0x12835b01, 0x45706fbe), new int64(0x243185be, 0x4ee4b28c), new int64(0x550c7dc3, -704662302), new int64(0x72be5d74, -226784913), new int64(-2132889090, 0x3b1696b1), new int64(-1680079193, 0x25c71235), new int64(-1046744716, -815192428), new int64(-459576895, -1628353838), new int64(-272742522, 0x384f25e3), new int64(0xfc19dc6, -1953704523), new int64(0x240ca1cc, 0x77ac9c65), new int64(0x2de92c6f, 0x592b0275), new int64(0x4a7484aa, 0x6ea6e483), new int64(0x5cb0a9dc, -1119749164), new int64(0x76f988da, -2096016459), new int64(-1740746414, -295247957), new int64(-1473132947, 0x2db43210), new int64(-1341970488, -1728372417), new int64(-1084653625, -1091629340), new int64(-958395405, 0x3da88fc2), new int64(-710438585, -1828018395), new int64(0x6ca6351, -536640913), new int64(0x14292967, 0xa0e6e70), new int64(0x27b70a85, 0x46d22ffc), new int64(0x2e1b2138, 0x5c26c926), new int64(0x4d2c6dfc, 0x5ac42aed), new int64(0x53380d13, -1651133473), new int64(0x650a7354, -1951439906), new int64(0x766a0abb, 0x3c77b2a8), new int64(-2117940946, 0x47edaee6), new int64(-1838011259, 0x1482353b), new int64(-1564481375, 0x4cf10364), new int64(-1474664885, -1136513023), new int64(-1035236496, -789014639), new int64(-949202525, 0x654be30), new int64(-778901479, -688958952), new int64(-694614492, 0x5565a910), new int64(-200395387, 0x5771202a), new int64(0x106aa070, 0x32bbd1b8), new int64(0x19a4c116, -1194143544), new int64(0x1e376c08, 0x5141ab53), new int64(0x2748774c, -544281703), new int64(0x34b0bcb5, -509917016), new int64(0x391c0cb3, -976659869), new int64(0x4ed8aa4a, -482243893), new int64(0x5b9cca4f, 0x7763e373), new int64(0x682e6ff3, -692930397), new int64(0x748f82ee, 0x5defb2fc), new int64(0x78a5636f, 0x43172f60), new int64(-2067236844, -1578062990), new int64(-1933114872, 0x1a6439ec), new int64(-1866530822, 0x23631e28), new int64(-1538233109, -561857047), new int64(-1090935817, -1295615723), new int64(-965641998, -479046869), new int64(-903397682, -366583396), new int64(-779700025, 0x21c0c207), new int64(-354779690, -840897762), new int64(-176337025, -294727304), new int64(0x6f067aa, 0x72176fba), new int64(0xa637dc5, -1563912026), new int64(0x113f9804, -1090974290), new int64(0x1b710b35, 0x131c471b), new int64(0x28db77f5, 0x23047d84), new int64(0x32caab7b, 0x40c72493), new int64(0x3c9ebe0a, 0x15c9bebc), new int64(0x431d67c4, -1676669620), new int64(0x4cc5d4be, -885112138), new int64(0x597f299c, -60457430), new int64(0x5fcb6fab, 0x3ad6faec), new int64(0x6c44198c, 0x4a475817)];
                  }
-               } else {
-                 tags[prefix + ':' + issueType] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfType.length.toString());
-               }
-             }
-           } // add counts of warnings generated by the user's edits
 
+                 for (i = 0; i < 80; i += 1) {
+                   W[i] = new int64(0, 0);
+                 } // append padding to the source string. The format is described in the FIPS.
 
-           var warnings = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity({
-             what: 'edited',
-             where: 'all',
-             includeIgnored: true,
-             includeDisabledRules: true
-           }).warning;
-           addIssueCounts(warnings, 'warnings'); // add counts of issues resolved by the user's edits
 
-           var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
-           addIssueCounts(resolvedIssues, 'resolved');
-           context.changeset = context.changeset.update({
-             tags: tags
-           });
-         }
+                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << 24 - (len & 0x1f);
+                 x[(len + 128 >> 10 << 5) + 31] = len;
+                 l = x.length;
 
-         function render(selection) {
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           if (!osm) return;
-           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
-           var headerTitle = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           headerTitle.append('div').append('h3').html(_t.html('commit.title'));
-           headerTitle.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
-             dispatch$1.call('cancel', this);
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
-           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body); // Changeset Section
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i += 32) {
+                   //32 dwords is the block size
+                   int64copy(a, H[0]);
+                   int64copy(b, H[1]);
+                   int64copy(c, H[2]);
+                   int64copy(d, H[3]);
+                   int64copy(e, H[4]);
+                   int64copy(f, H[5]);
+                   int64copy(g, H[6]);
+                   int64copy(h, H[7]);
 
-           var changesetSection = body.selectAll('.changeset-editor').data([0]);
-           changesetSection = changesetSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section changeset-editor').merge(changesetSection);
-           changesetSection.call(changesetEditor.changesetID(context.changeset.id).tags(context.changeset.tags)); // Warnings
+                   for (j = 0; j < 16; j += 1) {
+                     W[j].h = x[i + 2 * j];
+                     W[j].l = x[i + 2 * j + 1];
+                   }
 
-           body.call(commitWarnings); // Upload Explanation
+                   for (j = 16; j < 80; j += 1) {
+                     //sigma1
+                     int64rrot(r1, W[j - 2], 19);
+                     int64revrrot(r2, W[j - 2], 29);
+                     int64shr(r3, W[j - 2], 6);
+                     s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
+                     s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h; //sigma0
 
-           var saveSection = body.selectAll('.save-section').data([0]);
-           saveSection = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section save-section fillL').merge(saveSection);
-           var prose = saveSection.selectAll('.commit-info').data([0]);
+                     int64rrot(r1, W[j - 15], 1);
+                     int64rrot(r2, W[j - 15], 8);
+                     int64shr(r3, W[j - 15], 7);
+                     s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
+                     s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;
+                     int64add4(W[j], s1, W[j - 7], s0, W[j - 16]);
+                   }
 
-           if (prose.enter().size()) {
-             // first time, make sure to update user details in prose
-             _userDetails = null;
-           }
+                   for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
+                     //Ch
+                     Ch.l = e.l & f.l ^ ~e.l & g.l;
+                     Ch.h = e.h & f.h ^ ~e.h & g.h; //Sigma1
 
-           prose = prose.enter().append('p').attr('class', 'commit-info').html(_t.html('commit.upload_explanation')).merge(prose); // always check if this has changed, but only update prose.html()
-           // if needed, because it can trigger a style recalculation
+                     int64rrot(r1, e, 14);
+                     int64rrot(r2, e, 18);
+                     int64revrrot(r3, e, 9);
+                     s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
+                     s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h; //Sigma0
 
-           osm.userDetails(function (err, user) {
-             if (err) return;
-             if (_userDetails === user) return; // no change
+                     int64rrot(r1, a, 28);
+                     int64revrrot(r2, a, 2);
+                     int64revrrot(r3, a, 7);
+                     s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
+                     s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h; //Maj
 
-             _userDetails = user;
-             var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));
+                     Maj.l = a.l & b.l ^ a.l & c.l ^ b.l & c.l;
+                     Maj.h = a.h & b.h ^ a.h & c.h ^ b.h & c.h;
+                     int64add5(T1, h, s1, Ch, sha512_k[j], W[j]);
+                     int64add(T2, s0, Maj);
+                     int64copy(h, g);
+                     int64copy(g, f);
+                     int64copy(f, e);
+                     int64add(e, d, T1);
+                     int64copy(d, c);
+                     int64copy(c, b);
+                     int64copy(b, a);
+                     int64add(a, T1, T2);
+                   }
 
-             if (user.image_url) {
-               userLink.append('img').attr('src', user.image_url).attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
-             }
+                   int64add(H[0], H[0], a);
+                   int64add(H[1], H[1], b);
+                   int64add(H[2], H[2], c);
+                   int64add(H[3], H[3], d);
+                   int64add(H[4], H[4], e);
+                   int64add(H[5], H[5], f);
+                   int64add(H[6], H[6], g);
+                   int64add(H[7], H[7], h);
+                 } //represent the hash as an array of 32-bit dwords
 
-             userLink.append('a').attr('class', 'user-info').html(user.display_name).attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name)).attr('target', '_blank');
-             prose.html(_t.html('commit.upload_explanation_with_user', {
-               user: userLink.html()
-             }));
-           }); // Request Review
 
-           var requestReview = saveSection.selectAll('.request-review').data([0]); // Enter
+                 for (i = 0; i < 8; i += 1) {
+                   hash[2 * i] = H[i].h;
+                   hash[2 * i + 1] = H[i].l;
+                 }
 
-           var requestReviewEnter = requestReview.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'request-review');
-           var requestReviewDomId = utilUniqueDomId('commit-input-request-review');
-           var labelEnter = requestReviewEnter.append('label').attr('for', requestReviewDomId);
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').attr('id', requestReviewDomId);
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('commit.request_review')); // Update
+                 return hash;
+               } //A constructor for 64-bit numbers
 
-           requestReview = requestReview.merge(requestReviewEnter);
-           var requestReviewInput = requestReview.selectAll('input').property('checked', isReviewRequested(context.changeset.tags)).on('change', toggleRequestReview); // Buttons
 
-           var buttonSection = saveSection.selectAll('.buttons').data([0]); // enter
+               function int64(h, l) {
+                 this.h = h;
+                 this.l = l; //this.toString = int64toString;
+               } //Copies src into dst, assuming both are 64-bit numbers
 
-           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons fillL');
-           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'secondary-action button cancel-button').append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(_t.html('commit.cancel'));
-           var uploadButton = buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'action button save-button');
-           uploadButton.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(_t.html('commit.save'));
-           var uploadBlockerTooltipText = getUploadBlockerMessage(); // update
 
-           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
-           buttonSection.selectAll('.cancel-button').on('click.cancel', function () {
-             dispatch$1.call('cancel', this);
-           });
-           buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button').classed('disabled', uploadBlockerTooltipText !== null).on('click.save', function () {
-             if (!select(this).classed('disabled')) {
-               this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+               function int64copy(dst, src) {
+                 dst.h = src.h;
+                 dst.l = src.l;
+               } //Right-rotates a 64-bit number by shift
+               //Won't handle cases of shift>=32
+               //The function revrrot() is for that
 
-               for (var key in context.changeset.tags) {
-                 // remove any empty keys before upload
-                 if (!key) delete context.changeset.tags[key];
-               }
 
-               context.uploader().save(context.changeset);
-             }
-           }); // remove any existing tooltip
+               function int64rrot(dst, x, shift) {
+                 dst.l = x.l >>> shift | x.h << 32 - shift;
+                 dst.h = x.h >>> shift | x.l << 32 - shift;
+               } //Reverses the dwords of the source and then rotates right by shift.
+               //This is equivalent to rotation by 32+shift
 
-           uiTooltip().destroyAny(buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button'));
 
-           if (uploadBlockerTooltipText) {
-             buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button').call(uiTooltip().title(uploadBlockerTooltipText).placement('top'));
-           } // Raw Tag Editor
+               function int64revrrot(dst, x, shift) {
+                 dst.l = x.h >>> shift | x.l << 32 - shift;
+                 dst.h = x.l >>> shift | x.h << 32 - shift;
+               } //Bitwise-shifts right a 64-bit number by shift
+               //Won't handle shift>=32, but it's never needed in SHA512
 
 
-           var tagSection = body.selectAll('.tag-section.raw-tag-editor').data([0]);
-           tagSection = tagSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section tag-section raw-tag-editor').merge(tagSection);
-           tagSection.call(rawTagEditor.tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags)) // shallow copy
-           .render);
-           var changesSection = body.selectAll('.commit-changes-section').data([0]);
-           changesSection = changesSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section commit-changes-section').merge(changesSection); // Change summary
+               function int64shr(dst, x, shift) {
+                 dst.l = x.l >>> shift | x.h << 32 - shift;
+                 dst.h = x.h >>> shift;
+               } //Adds two 64-bit numbers
+               //Like the original implementation, does not rely on 32-bit operations
 
-           changesSection.call(commitChanges.render);
 
-           function toggleRequestReview() {
-             var rr = requestReviewInput.property('checked');
-             updateChangeset({
-               review_requested: rr ? 'yes' : undefined
-             });
-             tagSection.call(rawTagEditor.tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags)) // shallow copy
-             .render);
-           }
-         }
+               function int64add(dst, x, y) {
+                 var w0 = (x.l & 0xffff) + (y.l & 0xffff);
+                 var w1 = (x.l >>> 16) + (y.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
+                 var w2 = (x.h & 0xffff) + (y.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
+                 var w3 = (x.h >>> 16) + (y.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
+                 dst.l = w0 & 0xffff | w1 << 16;
+                 dst.h = w2 & 0xffff | w3 << 16;
+               } //Same, except with 4 addends. Works faster than adding them one by one.
 
-         function getUploadBlockerMessage() {
-           var errors = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity({
-             what: 'edited',
-             where: 'all'
-           }).error;
 
-           if (errors.length) {
-             return _t('commit.outstanding_errors_message', {
-               count: errors.length
-             });
-           } else {
-             var hasChangesetComment = context.changeset && context.changeset.tags.comment && context.changeset.tags.comment.trim().length;
+               function int64add4(dst, a, b, c, d) {
+                 var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff);
+                 var w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
+                 var w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
+                 var w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
+                 dst.l = w0 & 0xffff | w1 << 16;
+                 dst.h = w2 & 0xffff | w3 << 16;
+               } //Same, except with 5 addends
 
-             if (!hasChangesetComment) {
-               return _t('commit.comment_needed_message');
-             }
-           }
 
-           return null;
-         }
+               function int64add5(dst, a, b, c, d, e) {
+                 var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff) + (e.l & 0xffff),
+                     w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (e.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16),
+                     w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (e.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16),
+                     w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (e.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
+                 dst.l = w0 & 0xffff | w1 << 16;
+                 dst.h = w2 & 0xffff | w3 << 16;
+               }
+             },
 
-         function changeTags(_, changed, onInput) {
-           if (changed.hasOwnProperty('comment')) {
-             if (changed.comment === undefined) {
-               changed.comment = '';
-             }
+             /**
+              * @class Hashes.RMD160
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {Object} [config]
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the RIPEMD-160 Algorithm
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright Jeremy Lin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+              * Also http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~jjlin/jsotp/
+              */
+             RMD160: function RMD160(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * @see this.setUpperCase() method
+                * @see this.setPad() method
+                */
+               options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false;
 
-             if (!onInput) {
-               corePreferences('comment', changed.comment);
-               corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-             }
-           }
+               var /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pa : '=',
 
-           if (changed.hasOwnProperty('source')) {
-             if (changed.source === undefined) {
-               corePreferences('source', null);
-             } else if (!onInput) {
-               corePreferences('source', changed.source);
-               corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-             }
-           } // no need to update `prefs` for `hashtags` here since it's done in `updateChangeset`
+               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true,
 
+               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
+               rmd160_r1 = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 7, 4, 13, 1, 10, 6, 15, 3, 12, 0, 9, 5, 2, 14, 11, 8, 3, 10, 14, 4, 9, 15, 8, 1, 2, 7, 0, 6, 13, 11, 5, 12, 1, 9, 11, 10, 0, 8, 12, 4, 13, 3, 7, 15, 14, 5, 6, 2, 4, 0, 5, 9, 7, 12, 2, 10, 14, 1, 3, 8, 11, 6, 15, 13],
+                   rmd160_r2 = [5, 14, 7, 0, 9, 2, 11, 4, 13, 6, 15, 8, 1, 10, 3, 12, 6, 11, 3, 7, 0, 13, 5, 10, 14, 15, 8, 12, 4, 9, 1, 2, 15, 5, 1, 3, 7, 14, 6, 9, 11, 8, 12, 2, 10, 0, 4, 13, 8, 6, 4, 1, 3, 11, 15, 0, 5, 12, 2, 13, 9, 7, 10, 14, 12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 6, 2, 13, 14, 0, 3, 9, 11],
+                   rmd160_s1 = [11, 14, 15, 12, 5, 8, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 6, 7, 9, 8, 7, 6, 8, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 7, 12, 15, 9, 11, 7, 13, 12, 11, 13, 6, 7, 14, 9, 13, 15, 14, 8, 13, 6, 5, 12, 7, 5, 11, 12, 14, 15, 14, 15, 9, 8, 9, 14, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 12, 9, 15, 5, 11, 6, 8, 13, 12, 5, 12, 13, 14, 11, 8, 5, 6],
+                   rmd160_s2 = [8, 9, 9, 11, 13, 15, 15, 5, 7, 7, 8, 11, 14, 14, 12, 6, 9, 13, 15, 7, 12, 8, 9, 11, 7, 7, 12, 7, 6, 15, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 11, 8, 6, 6, 14, 12, 13, 5, 14, 13, 13, 7, 5, 15, 5, 8, 11, 14, 14, 6, 14, 6, 9, 12, 9, 12, 5, 15, 8, 8, 5, 12, 9, 12, 5, 14, 6, 8, 13, 6, 5, 15, 13, 11, 11];
+               /* privileged (public) methods */
 
-           updateChangeset(changed, onInput);
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
+               };
 
-           if (_selection) {
-             _selection.call(render);
-           }
-         }
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
+               };
 
-         function findHashtags(tags, commentOnly) {
-           var detectedHashtags = commentHashtags();
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
+               };
 
-           if (detectedHashtags.length) {
-             // always remove stored hashtags if there are hashtags in the comment - #4304
-             corePreferences('hashtags', null);
-           }
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s);
+               };
 
-           if (!detectedHashtags.length || !commentOnly) {
-             detectedHashtags = detectedHashtags.concat(hashtagHashtags());
-           }
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
+               };
 
-           var allLowerCase = new Set();
-           return detectedHashtags.filter(function (hashtag) {
-             // Compare tags as lowercase strings, but keep original case tags
-             var lowerCase = hashtag.toLowerCase();
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
 
-             if (!allLowerCase.has(lowerCase)) {
-               allLowerCase.add(lowerCase);
-               return true;
-             }
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                * @public
+                */
 
-             return false;
-           }); // Extract hashtags from `comment`
 
-           function commentHashtags() {
-             var matches = (tags.comment || '').replace(/http\S*/g, '') // drop anything that looks like a URL - #4289
-             .match(hashtagRegex);
-             return matches || [];
-           } // Extract and clean hashtags from `hashtags`
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
 
-           function hashtagHashtags() {
-             var matches = (tags.hashtags || '').split(/[,;\s]+/).map(function (s) {
-               if (s[0] !== '#') {
-                 s = '#' + s;
-               } // prepend '#'
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
 
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {string} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-               var matched = s.match(hashtagRegex);
-               return matched && matched[0];
-             }).filter(Boolean); // exclude falsy
 
-             return matches || [];
-           }
-         }
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a !== 'undefined') {
+                   b64pad = a;
+                 }
 
-         function isReviewRequested(tags) {
-           var rr = tags.review_requested;
-           if (rr === undefined) return false;
-           rr = rr.trim().toLowerCase();
-           return !(rr === '' || rr === 'no');
-         }
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-         function updateChangeset(changed, onInput) {
-           var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           Object.keys(changed).forEach(function (k) {
-             var v = changed[k];
-             k = context.cleanTagKey(k);
-             if (readOnlyTags.indexOf(k) !== -1) return;
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
+                 }
+
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /* private methods */
 
-             if (v === undefined) {
-               delete tags[k];
-             } else if (onInput) {
-               tags[k] = v;
-             } else {
-               tags[k] = context.cleanTagValue(v);
-             }
-           });
+               /**
+                * Calculate the rmd160 of a raw string
+                */
 
-           if (!onInput) {
-             // when changing the comment, override hashtags with any found in comment.
-             var commentOnly = changed.hasOwnProperty('comment') && changed.comment !== '';
-             var arr = findHashtags(tags, commentOnly);
 
-             if (arr.length) {
-               tags.hashtags = context.cleanTagValue(arr.join(';'));
-               corePreferences('hashtags', tags.hashtags);
-             } else {
-               delete tags.hashtags;
-               corePreferences('hashtags', null);
-             }
-           } // always update userdetails, just in case user reauthenticates as someone else
+               function rstr(s) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the HMAC-rmd160 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
 
 
-           if (_userDetails && _userDetails.changesets_count !== undefined) {
-             var changesetsCount = parseInt(_userDetails.changesets_count, 10) + 1; // #4283
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 var i,
+                     hash,
+                     bkey = rstr2binl(key),
+                     ipad = Array(16),
+                     opad = Array(16);
 
-             tags.changesets_count = String(changesetsCount); // first 100 edits - new user
+                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
+                   bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-             if (changesetsCount <= 100) {
-               var s;
-               s = corePreferences('walkthrough_completed');
+                 for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-               if (s) {
-                 tags['ideditor:walkthrough_completed'] = s;
+                 hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
                }
+               /**
+                * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
+                */
 
-               s = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress');
 
-               if (s) {
-                 tags['ideditor:walkthrough_progress'] = s;
-               }
+               function binl2rstr(input) {
+                 var i,
+                     output = '',
+                     l = input.length * 32;
 
-               s = corePreferences('walkthrough_started');
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(input[i >> 5] >>> i % 32 & 0xFF);
+                 }
 
-               if (s) {
-                 tags['ideditor:walkthrough_started'] = s;
+                 return output;
                }
-             }
-           } else {
-             delete tags.changesets_count;
-           }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the RIPE-MD160 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
+                */
 
-           if (!fastDeepEqual(context.changeset.tags, tags)) {
-             context.changeset = context.changeset.update({
-               tags: tags
-             });
-           }
-         }
 
-         commit.reset = function () {
-           context.changeset = null;
-         };
+               function binl(x, len) {
+                 var T,
+                     j,
+                     i,
+                     l,
+                     h0 = 0x67452301,
+                     h1 = 0xefcdab89,
+                     h2 = 0x98badcfe,
+                     h3 = 0x10325476,
+                     h4 = 0xc3d2e1f0,
+                     A1,
+                     B1,
+                     C1,
+                     D1,
+                     E1,
+                     A2,
+                     B2,
+                     C2,
+                     D2,
+                     E2;
+                 /* append padding */
 
-         return utilRebind(commit, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << len % 32;
+                 x[(len + 64 >>> 9 << 4) + 14] = len;
+                 l = x.length;
 
-       var globalIsFinite = global_1.isFinite;
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i += 16) {
+                   A1 = A2 = h0;
+                   B1 = B2 = h1;
+                   C1 = C2 = h2;
+                   D1 = D2 = h3;
+                   E1 = E2 = h4;
 
-       // `Number.isFinite` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-number.isfinite
-       var numberIsFinite = Number.isFinite || function isFinite(it) {
-         return typeof it == 'number' && globalIsFinite(it);
-       };
+                   for (j = 0; j <= 79; j += 1) {
+                     T = safe_add(A1, rmd160_f(j, B1, C1, D1));
+                     T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r1[j]]);
+                     T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K1(j));
+                     T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s1[j]), E1);
+                     A1 = E1;
+                     E1 = D1;
+                     D1 = bit_rol(C1, 10);
+                     C1 = B1;
+                     B1 = T;
+                     T = safe_add(A2, rmd160_f(79 - j, B2, C2, D2));
+                     T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r2[j]]);
+                     T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K2(j));
+                     T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s2[j]), E2);
+                     A2 = E2;
+                     E2 = D2;
+                     D2 = bit_rol(C2, 10);
+                     C2 = B2;
+                     B2 = T;
+                   }
 
-       // `Number.isFinite` method
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-number.isfinite
-       _export({ target: 'Number', stat: true }, { isFinite: numberIsFinite });
-
-       var RADIUS = 6378137;
-       var FLATTENING = 1 / 298.257223563;
-       var POLAR_RADIUS$1 = 6356752.3142;
-       var wgs84 = {
-         RADIUS: RADIUS,
-         FLATTENING: FLATTENING,
-         POLAR_RADIUS: POLAR_RADIUS$1
-       };
+                   T = safe_add(h1, safe_add(C1, D2));
+                   h1 = safe_add(h2, safe_add(D1, E2));
+                   h2 = safe_add(h3, safe_add(E1, A2));
+                   h3 = safe_add(h4, safe_add(A1, B2));
+                   h4 = safe_add(h0, safe_add(B1, C2));
+                   h0 = T;
+                 }
 
-       var geometry_1 = geometry;
-       var ring = ringArea;
+                 return [h0, h1, h2, h3, h4];
+               } // specific algorithm methods
 
-       function geometry(_) {
-         var area = 0,
-             i;
 
-         switch (_.type) {
-           case 'Polygon':
-             return polygonArea(_.coordinates);
+               function rmd160_f(j, x, y, z) {
+                 return 0 <= j && j <= 15 ? x ^ y ^ z : 16 <= j && j <= 31 ? x & y | ~x & z : 32 <= j && j <= 47 ? (x | ~y) ^ z : 48 <= j && j <= 63 ? x & z | y & ~z : 64 <= j && j <= 79 ? x ^ (y | ~z) : 'rmd160_f: j out of range';
+               }
 
-           case 'MultiPolygon':
-             for (i = 0; i < _.coordinates.length; i++) {
-               area += polygonArea(_.coordinates[i]);
+               function rmd160_K1(j) {
+                 return 0 <= j && j <= 15 ? 0x00000000 : 16 <= j && j <= 31 ? 0x5a827999 : 32 <= j && j <= 47 ? 0x6ed9eba1 : 48 <= j && j <= 63 ? 0x8f1bbcdc : 64 <= j && j <= 79 ? 0xa953fd4e : 'rmd160_K1: j out of range';
+               }
+
+               function rmd160_K2(j) {
+                 return 0 <= j && j <= 15 ? 0x50a28be6 : 16 <= j && j <= 31 ? 0x5c4dd124 : 32 <= j && j <= 47 ? 0x6d703ef3 : 48 <= j && j <= 63 ? 0x7a6d76e9 : 64 <= j && j <= 79 ? 0x00000000 : 'rmd160_K2: j out of range';
+               }
              }
+           }; // exposes Hashes
 
-             return area;
+           (function (window, undefined$1) {
+             var freeExports = false;
 
-           case 'Point':
-           case 'MultiPoint':
-           case 'LineString':
-           case 'MultiLineString':
-             return 0;
+             {
+               freeExports = exports;
 
-           case 'GeometryCollection':
-             for (i = 0; i < _.geometries.length; i++) {
-               area += geometry(_.geometries[i]);
+               if (exports && _typeof(commonjsGlobal) === 'object' && commonjsGlobal && commonjsGlobal === commonjsGlobal.global) {
+                 window = commonjsGlobal;
+               }
              }
 
-             return area;
-         }
-       }
-
-       function polygonArea(coords) {
-         var area = 0;
+             if (typeof undefined$1 === 'function' && _typeof(undefined$1.amd) === 'object' && undefined$1.amd) {
+               // define as an anonymous module, so, through path mapping, it can be aliased
+               undefined$1(function () {
+                 return Hashes;
+               });
+             } else if (freeExports) {
+               // in Node.js or RingoJS v0.8.0+
+               if (module && module.exports === freeExports) {
+                 module.exports = Hashes;
+               } // in Narwhal or RingoJS v0.7.0-
+               else {
+                   freeExports.Hashes = Hashes;
+                 }
+             } else {
+               // in a browser or Rhino
+               window.Hashes = Hashes;
+             }
+           })(this);
+         })(); // IIFE
 
-         if (coords && coords.length > 0) {
-           area += Math.abs(ringArea(coords[0]));
+       })(hashes$1, hashes$1.exports);
 
-           for (var i = 1; i < coords.length; i++) {
-             area -= Math.abs(ringArea(coords[i]));
-           }
-         }
+       var hashes = hashes$1.exports,
+           sha1 = new hashes.SHA1(); // # xtend
 
-         return area;
-       }
-       /**
-        * Calculate the approximate area of the polygon were it projected onto
-        *     the earth.  Note that this area will be positive if ring is oriented
-        *     clockwise, otherwise it will be negative.
-        *
-        * Reference:
-        * Robert. G. Chamberlain and William H. Duquette, "Some Algorithms for
-        *     Polygons on a Sphere", JPL Publication 07-03, Jet Propulsion
-        *     Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, June 2007 http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/40409
-        *
-        * Returns:
-        * {float} The approximate signed geodesic area of the polygon in square
-        *     meters.
-        */
+       var hasOwnProperty$1 = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
 
+       function xtend$1() {
+         var target = {};
 
-       function ringArea(coords) {
-         var p1,
-             p2,
-             p3,
-             lowerIndex,
-             middleIndex,
-             upperIndex,
-             i,
-             area = 0,
-             coordsLength = coords.length;
+         for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+           var source = arguments[i];
 
-         if (coordsLength > 2) {
-           for (i = 0; i < coordsLength; i++) {
-             if (i === coordsLength - 2) {
-               // i = N-2
-               lowerIndex = coordsLength - 2;
-               middleIndex = coordsLength - 1;
-               upperIndex = 0;
-             } else if (i === coordsLength - 1) {
-               // i = N-1
-               lowerIndex = coordsLength - 1;
-               middleIndex = 0;
-               upperIndex = 1;
-             } else {
-               // i = 0 to N-3
-               lowerIndex = i;
-               middleIndex = i + 1;
-               upperIndex = i + 2;
+           for (var key in source) {
+             if (hasOwnProperty$1.call(source, key)) {
+               target[key] = source[key];
              }
-
-             p1 = coords[lowerIndex];
-             p2 = coords[middleIndex];
-             p3 = coords[upperIndex];
-             area += (rad(p3[0]) - rad(p1[0])) * Math.sin(rad(p2[1]));
            }
-
-           area = area * wgs84.RADIUS * wgs84.RADIUS / 2;
          }
 
-         return area;
+         return target;
        }
 
-       function rad(_) {
-         return _ * Math.PI / 180;
-       }
+       var ohauth$1 = {};
 
-       var geojsonArea = {
-         geometry: geometry_1,
-         ring: ring
+       ohauth$1.qsString = function (obj) {
+         return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function (key) {
+           return ohauth$1.percentEncode(key) + '=' + ohauth$1.percentEncode(obj[key]);
+         }).join('&');
        };
 
-       function toRadians(angleInDegrees) {
-         return angleInDegrees * Math.PI / 180;
-       }
-
-       function toDegrees(angleInRadians) {
-         return angleInRadians * 180 / Math.PI;
-       }
-
-       function offset(c1, distance, bearing) {
-         var lat1 = toRadians(c1[1]);
-         var lon1 = toRadians(c1[0]);
-         var dByR = distance / 6378137; // distance divided by 6378137 (radius of the earth) wgs84
-
-         var lat = Math.asin(Math.sin(lat1) * Math.cos(dByR) + Math.cos(lat1) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(bearing));
-         var lon = lon1 + Math.atan2(Math.sin(bearing) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(lat1), Math.cos(dByR) - Math.sin(lat1) * Math.sin(lat));
-         return [toDegrees(lon), toDegrees(lat)];
-       }
-
-       function validateCenter(center) {
-         var validCenterLengths = [2, 3];
-
-         if (!Array.isArray(center) || !validCenterLengths.includes(center.length)) {
-           throw new Error("ERROR! Center has to be an array of length two or three");
-         }
+       ohauth$1.stringQs = function (str) {
+         return str.split('&').filter(function (pair) {
+           return pair !== '';
+         }).reduce(function (obj, pair) {
+           var parts = pair.split('=');
+           obj[decodeURIComponent(parts[0])] = null === parts[1] ? '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
+           return obj;
+         }, {});
+       };
 
-         var _center = _slicedToArray(center, 2),
-             lng = _center[0],
-             lat = _center[1];
+       ohauth$1.rawxhr = function (method, url, data, headers, callback) {
+         var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(),
+             twoHundred = /^20\d$/;
 
-         if (typeof lng !== "number" || typeof lat !== "number") {
-           throw new Error("ERROR! Longitude and Latitude has to be numbers but where ".concat(_typeof(lng), " and ").concat(_typeof(lat)));
-         }
+         xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
+           if (4 === xhr.readyState && 0 !== xhr.status) {
+             if (twoHundred.test(xhr.status)) callback(null, xhr);else return callback(xhr, null);
+           }
+         };
 
-         if (lng > 180 || lng < -180) {
-           throw new Error("ERROR! Longitude has to be between -180 and 180 but was ".concat(lng));
-         }
+         xhr.onerror = function (e) {
+           return callback(e, null);
+         };
 
-         if (lat > 90 || lat < -90) {
-           throw new Error("ERROR! Latitude has to be between -90 and 90 but was ".concat(lat));
-         }
-       }
+         xhr.open(method, url, true);
 
-       function validateRadius(radius) {
-         if (typeof radius !== "number") {
-           throw new Error("ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: ".concat(_typeof(radius)));
+         for (var h in headers) {
+           xhr.setRequestHeader(h, headers[h]);
          }
 
-         if (radius <= 0) {
-           throw new Error("ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: ".concat(radius));
-         }
-       }
+         xhr.send(data);
+         return xhr;
+       };
 
-       function validateNumberOfSegments(numberOfSegments) {
-         if (typeof numberOfSegments !== "number" && numberOfSegments !== undefined) {
-           throw new Error("ERROR! Number of segments has to be a number but was: ".concat(_typeof(numberOfSegments)));
-         }
+       ohauth$1.xhr = function (method, url, auth, data, options, callback) {
+         var headers = options && options.header || {
+           'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+         };
+         headers.Authorization = 'OAuth ' + ohauth$1.authHeader(auth);
+         return ohauth$1.rawxhr(method, url, data, headers, callback);
+       };
 
-         if (numberOfSegments < 3) {
-           throw new Error("ERROR! Number of segments has to be at least 3 but was: ".concat(numberOfSegments));
+       ohauth$1.nonce = function () {
+         for (var o = ''; o.length < 6;) {
+           o += '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXTZabcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxyz'[Math.floor(Math.random() * 61)];
          }
-       }
-
-       function validateInput(_ref) {
-         var center = _ref.center,
-             radius = _ref.radius,
-             numberOfSegments = _ref.numberOfSegments;
-         validateCenter(center);
-         validateRadius(radius);
-         validateNumberOfSegments(numberOfSegments);
-       }
 
-       var circleToPolygon = function circleToPolygon(center, radius, numberOfSegments) {
-         var n = numberOfSegments ? numberOfSegments : 32; // validateInput() throws error on invalid input and do nothing on valid input
+         return o;
+       };
 
-         validateInput({
-           center: center,
-           radius: radius,
-           numberOfSegments: numberOfSegments
-         });
-         var coordinates = [];
+       ohauth$1.authHeader = function (obj) {
+         return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function (key) {
+           return encodeURIComponent(key) + '="' + encodeURIComponent(obj[key]) + '"';
+         }).join(', ');
+       };
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-           coordinates.push(offset(center, radius, 2 * Math.PI * -i / n));
-         }
+       ohauth$1.timestamp = function () {
+         return ~~(+new Date() / 1000);
+       };
 
-         coordinates.push(coordinates[0]);
-         return {
-           type: "Polygon",
-           coordinates: [coordinates]
-         };
+       ohauth$1.percentEncode = function (s) {
+         return encodeURIComponent(s).replace(/\!/g, '%21').replace(/\'/g, '%27').replace(/\*/g, '%2A').replace(/\(/g, '%28').replace(/\)/g, '%29');
        };
 
-       // `Number.EPSILON` constant
-       // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-number.epsilon
-       _export({ target: 'Number', stat: true }, {
-         EPSILON: Math.pow(2, -52)
-       });
+       ohauth$1.baseString = function (method, url, params) {
+         if (params.oauth_signature) delete params.oauth_signature;
+         return [method, ohauth$1.percentEncode(url), ohauth$1.percentEncode(ohauth$1.qsString(params))].join('&');
+       };
 
+       ohauth$1.signature = function (oauth_secret, token_secret, baseString) {
+         return sha1.b64_hmac(ohauth$1.percentEncode(oauth_secret) + '&' + ohauth$1.percentEncode(token_secret), baseString);
+       };
        /**
-        * splaytree v3.0.1
-        * Fast Splay tree for Node and browser
+        * Takes an options object for configuration (consumer_key,
+        * consumer_secret, version, signature_method, token, token_secret)
+        * and returns a function that generates the Authorization header
+        * for given data.
         *
-        * @author Alexander Milevski <info@w8r.name>
-        * @license MIT
-        * @preserve
-        */
-       var Node$1 = function Node(key, data) {
-         _classCallCheck(this, Node);
-
-         this.next = null;
-         this.key = key;
-         this.data = data;
-         this.left = null;
-         this.right = null;
-       };
-       /* follows "An implementation of top-down splaying"
-        * by D. Sleator <sleator@cs.cmu.edu> March 1992
+        * The returned function takes these parameters:
+        * - method: GET/POST/...
+        * - uri: full URI with protocol, port, path and query string
+        * - extra_params: any extra parameters (that are passed in the POST data),
+        *   can be an object or a from-urlencoded string.
+        *
+        * Returned function returns full OAuth header with "OAuth" string in it.
         */
 
 
-       function DEFAULT_COMPARE$1(a, b) {
-         return a > b ? 1 : a < b ? -1 : 0;
-       }
-       /**
-        * Simple top down splay, not requiring i to be in the tree t.
-        */
+       ohauth$1.headerGenerator = function (options) {
+         options = options || {};
+         var consumer_key = options.consumer_key || '',
+             consumer_secret = options.consumer_secret || '',
+             signature_method = options.signature_method || 'HMAC-SHA1',
+             version = options.version || '1.0',
+             token = options.token || '',
+             token_secret = options.token_secret || '';
+         return function (method, uri, extra_params) {
+           method = method.toUpperCase();
 
+           if (typeof extra_params === 'string' && extra_params.length > 0) {
+             extra_params = ohauth$1.stringQs(extra_params);
+           }
 
-       function splay(i, t, comparator) {
-         var N = new Node$1(null, null);
-         var l = N;
-         var r = N;
+           var uri_parts = uri.split('?', 2),
+               base_uri = uri_parts[0];
+           var query_params = uri_parts.length === 2 ? ohauth$1.stringQs(uri_parts[1]) : {};
+           var oauth_params = {
+             oauth_consumer_key: consumer_key,
+             oauth_signature_method: signature_method,
+             oauth_version: version,
+             oauth_timestamp: ohauth$1.timestamp(),
+             oauth_nonce: ohauth$1.nonce()
+           };
+           if (token) oauth_params.oauth_token = token;
+           var all_params = xtend$1({}, oauth_params, query_params, extra_params),
+               base_str = ohauth$1.baseString(method, base_uri, all_params);
+           oauth_params.oauth_signature = ohauth$1.signature(consumer_secret, token_secret, base_str);
+           return 'OAuth ' + ohauth$1.authHeader(oauth_params);
+         };
+       };
 
-         while (true) {
-           var cmp = comparator(i, t.key); //if (i < t.key) {
+       var ohauth_1 = ohauth$1;
 
-           if (cmp < 0) {
-             if (t.left === null) break; //if (i < t.left.key) {
+       var resolveUrl$1 = {exports: {}};
 
-             if (comparator(i, t.left.key) < 0) {
-               var y = t.left;
-               /* rotate right */
+       (function (module, exports) {
+         // Copyright 2014 Simon Lydell
+         // X11 (“MIT”) Licensed. (See LICENSE.)
+         void function (root, factory) {
+           {
+             module.exports = factory();
+           }
+         }(commonjsGlobal, function () {
+           function resolveUrl()
+           /* ...urls */
+           {
+             var numUrls = arguments.length;
 
-               t.left = y.right;
-               y.right = t;
-               t = y;
-               if (t.left === null) break;
+             if (numUrls === 0) {
+               throw new Error("resolveUrl requires at least one argument; got none.");
              }
 
-             r.left = t;
-             /* link right */
+             var base = document.createElement("base");
+             base.href = arguments[0];
 
-             r = t;
-             t = t.left; //} else if (i > t.key) {
-           } else if (cmp > 0) {
-             if (t.right === null) break; //if (i > t.right.key) {
+             if (numUrls === 1) {
+               return base.href;
+             }
 
-             if (comparator(i, t.right.key) > 0) {
-               var _y = t.right;
-               /* rotate left */
+             var head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
+             head.insertBefore(base, head.firstChild);
+             var a = document.createElement("a");
+             var resolved;
 
-               t.right = _y.left;
-               _y.left = t;
-               t = _y;
-               if (t.right === null) break;
+             for (var index = 1; index < numUrls; index++) {
+               a.href = arguments[index];
+               resolved = a.href;
+               base.href = resolved;
              }
 
-             l.right = t;
-             /* link left */
+             head.removeChild(base);
+             return resolved;
+           }
 
-             l = t;
-             t = t.right;
-           } else break;
-         }
-         /* assemble */
+           return resolveUrl;
+         });
+       })(resolveUrl$1);
 
+       var assign = make_assign();
+       var create$1 = make_create();
+       var trim$1 = make_trim();
+       var Global$5 = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : commonjsGlobal;
+       var util$6 = {
+         assign: assign,
+         create: create$1,
+         trim: trim$1,
+         bind: bind$1,
+         slice: slice$1,
+         each: each$7,
+         map: map,
+         pluck: pluck$1,
+         isList: isList$1,
+         isFunction: isFunction$1,
+         isObject: isObject$1,
+         Global: Global$5
+       };
+
+       function make_assign() {
+         if (Object.assign) {
+           return Object.assign;
+         } else {
+           return function shimAssign(obj, props1, props2, etc) {
+             for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+               each$7(Object(arguments[i]), function (val, key) {
+                 obj[key] = val;
+               });
+             }
 
-         l.right = t.left;
-         r.left = t.right;
-         t.left = N.right;
-         t.right = N.left;
-         return t;
+             return obj;
+           };
+         }
        }
 
-       function _insert(i, data, t, comparator) {
-         var node = new Node$1(i, data);
+       function make_create() {
+         if (Object.create) {
+           return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
+             var assignArgsList = slice$1(arguments, 1);
+             return assign.apply(this, [Object.create(obj)].concat(assignArgsList));
+           };
+         } else {
+           var F = function F() {}; // eslint-disable-line no-inner-declarations
+
 
-         if (t === null) {
-           node.left = node.right = null;
-           return node;
+           return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
+             var assignArgsList = slice$1(arguments, 1);
+             F.prototype = obj;
+             return assign.apply(this, [new F()].concat(assignArgsList));
+           };
          }
+       }
 
-         t = splay(i, t, comparator);
-         var cmp = comparator(i, t.key);
-
-         if (cmp < 0) {
-           node.left = t.left;
-           node.right = t;
-           t.left = null;
-         } else if (cmp >= 0) {
-           node.right = t.right;
-           node.left = t;
-           t.right = null;
+       function make_trim() {
+         if (String.prototype.trim) {
+           return function trim(str) {
+             return String.prototype.trim.call(str);
+           };
+         } else {
+           return function trim(str) {
+             return str.replace(/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g, '');
+           };
          }
+       }
 
-         return node;
+       function bind$1(obj, fn) {
+         return function () {
+           return fn.apply(obj, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0));
+         };
        }
 
-       function _split(key, v, comparator) {
-         var left = null;
-         var right = null;
+       function slice$1(arr, index) {
+         return Array.prototype.slice.call(arr, index || 0);
+       }
 
-         if (v) {
-           v = splay(key, v, comparator);
-           var cmp = comparator(v.key, key);
+       function each$7(obj, fn) {
+         pluck$1(obj, function (val, key) {
+           fn(val, key);
+           return false;
+         });
+       }
 
-           if (cmp === 0) {
-             left = v.left;
-             right = v.right;
-           } else if (cmp < 0) {
-             right = v.right;
-             v.right = null;
-             left = v;
-           } else {
-             left = v.left;
-             v.left = null;
-             right = v;
+       function map(obj, fn) {
+         var res = isList$1(obj) ? [] : {};
+         pluck$1(obj, function (v, k) {
+           res[k] = fn(v, k);
+           return false;
+         });
+         return res;
+       }
+
+       function pluck$1(obj, fn) {
+         if (isList$1(obj)) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {
+             if (fn(obj[i], i)) {
+               return obj[i];
+             }
+           }
+         } else {
+           for (var key in obj) {
+             if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+               if (fn(obj[key], key)) {
+                 return obj[key];
+               }
+             }
            }
          }
-
-         return {
-           left: left,
-           right: right
-         };
        }
 
-       function merge$4(left, right, comparator) {
-         if (right === null) return left;
-         if (left === null) return right;
-         right = splay(left.key, right, comparator);
-         right.left = left;
-         return right;
+       function isList$1(val) {
+         return val != null && typeof val != 'function' && typeof val.length == 'number';
        }
-       /**
-        * Prints level of the tree
-        */
-
 
-       function printRow(root, prefix, isTail, out, printNode) {
-         if (root) {
-           out("".concat(prefix).concat(isTail ? '└── ' : '├── ').concat(printNode(root), "\n"));
-           var indent = prefix + (isTail ? '    ' : '│   ');
-           if (root.left) printRow(root.left, indent, false, out, printNode);
-           if (root.right) printRow(root.right, indent, true, out, printNode);
-         }
+       function isFunction$1(val) {
+         return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Function]';
        }
 
-       var Tree = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function Tree() {
-           var comparator = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : DEFAULT_COMPARE$1;
+       function isObject$1(val) {
+         return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Object]';
+       }
 
-           _classCallCheck(this, Tree);
+       var util$5 = util$6;
+       var slice = util$5.slice;
+       var pluck = util$5.pluck;
+       var each$6 = util$5.each;
+       var bind = util$5.bind;
+       var create = util$5.create;
+       var isList = util$5.isList;
+       var isFunction = util$5.isFunction;
+       var isObject = util$5.isObject;
+       var storeEngine = {
+         createStore: _createStore
+       };
+       var storeAPI = {
+         version: '2.0.12',
+         enabled: false,
+         // get returns the value of the given key. If that value
+         // is undefined, it returns optionalDefaultValue instead.
+         get: function get(key, optionalDefaultValue) {
+           var data = this.storage.read(this._namespacePrefix + key);
+           return this._deserialize(data, optionalDefaultValue);
+         },
+         // set will store the given value at key and returns value.
+         // Calling set with value === undefined is equivalent to calling remove.
+         set: function set(key, value) {
+           if (value === undefined) {
+             return this.remove(key);
+           }
 
-           this._root = null;
-           this._size = 0;
-           this._comparator = comparator;
+           this.storage.write(this._namespacePrefix + key, this._serialize(value));
+           return value;
+         },
+         // remove deletes the key and value stored at the given key.
+         remove: function remove(key) {
+           this.storage.remove(this._namespacePrefix + key);
+         },
+         // each will call the given callback once for each key-value pair
+         // in this store.
+         each: function each(callback) {
+           var self = this;
+           this.storage.each(function (val, namespacedKey) {
+             callback.call(self, self._deserialize(val), (namespacedKey || '').replace(self._namespaceRegexp, ''));
+           });
+         },
+         // clearAll will remove all the stored key-value pairs in this store.
+         clearAll: function clearAll() {
+           this.storage.clearAll();
+         },
+         // additional functionality that can't live in plugins
+         // ---------------------------------------------------
+         // hasNamespace returns true if this store instance has the given namespace.
+         hasNamespace: function hasNamespace(namespace) {
+           return this._namespacePrefix == '__storejs_' + namespace + '_';
+         },
+         // createStore creates a store.js instance with the first
+         // functioning storage in the list of storage candidates,
+         // and applies the the given mixins to the instance.
+         createStore: function createStore() {
+           return _createStore.apply(this, arguments);
+         },
+         addPlugin: function addPlugin(plugin) {
+           this._addPlugin(plugin);
+         },
+         namespace: function namespace(_namespace) {
+           return _createStore(this.storage, this.plugins, _namespace);
          }
-         /**
-          * Inserts a key, allows duplicates
-          */
+       };
 
+       function _warn() {
+         var _console = typeof console == 'undefined' ? null : console;
 
-         _createClass(Tree, [{
-           key: "insert",
-           value: function insert(key, data) {
-             this._size++;
-             return this._root = _insert(key, data, this._root, this._comparator);
-           }
-           /**
-            * Adds a key, if it is not present in the tree
-            */
+         if (!_console) {
+           return;
+         }
 
-         }, {
-           key: "add",
-           value: function add(key, data) {
-             var node = new Node$1(key, data);
+         var fn = _console.warn ? _console.warn : _console.log;
+         fn.apply(_console, arguments);
+       }
 
-             if (this._root === null) {
-               node.left = node.right = null;
-               this._size++;
-               this._root = node;
-             }
+       function _createStore(storages, plugins, namespace) {
+         if (!namespace) {
+           namespace = '';
+         }
 
-             var comparator = this._comparator;
-             var t = splay(key, this._root, comparator);
-             var cmp = comparator(key, t.key);
-             if (cmp === 0) this._root = t;else {
-               if (cmp < 0) {
-                 node.left = t.left;
-                 node.right = t;
-                 t.left = null;
-               } else if (cmp > 0) {
-                 node.right = t.right;
-                 node.left = t;
-                 t.right = null;
-               }
+         if (storages && !isList(storages)) {
+           storages = [storages];
+         }
 
-               this._size++;
-               this._root = node;
-             }
-             return this._root;
-           }
-           /**
-            * @param  {Key} key
-            * @return {Node|null}
-            */
+         if (plugins && !isList(plugins)) {
+           plugins = [plugins];
+         }
 
-         }, {
-           key: "remove",
-           value: function remove(key) {
-             this._root = this._remove(key, this._root, this._comparator);
-           }
-           /**
-            * Deletes i from the tree if it's there
-            */
+         var namespacePrefix = namespace ? '__storejs_' + namespace + '_' : '';
+         var namespaceRegexp = namespace ? new RegExp('^' + namespacePrefix) : null;
+         var legalNamespaces = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-]*$/; // alpha-numeric + underscore and dash
 
-         }, {
-           key: "_remove",
-           value: function _remove(i, t, comparator) {
-             var x;
-             if (t === null) return null;
-             t = splay(i, t, comparator);
-             var cmp = comparator(i, t.key);
-
-             if (cmp === 0) {
-               /* found it */
-               if (t.left === null) {
-                 x = t.right;
-               } else {
-                 x = splay(i, t.left, comparator);
-                 x.right = t.right;
-               }
+         if (!legalNamespaces.test(namespace)) {
+           throw new Error('store.js namespaces can only have alphanumerics + underscores and dashes');
+         }
 
-               this._size--;
-               return x;
+         var _privateStoreProps = {
+           _namespacePrefix: namespacePrefix,
+           _namespaceRegexp: namespaceRegexp,
+           _testStorage: function _testStorage(storage) {
+             try {
+               var testStr = '__storejs__test__';
+               storage.write(testStr, testStr);
+               var ok = storage.read(testStr) === testStr;
+               storage.remove(testStr);
+               return ok;
+             } catch (e) {
+               return false;
              }
+           },
+           _assignPluginFnProp: function _assignPluginFnProp(pluginFnProp, propName) {
+             var oldFn = this[propName];
 
-             return t;
-             /* It wasn't there */
-           }
-           /**
-            * Removes and returns the node with smallest key
-            */
+             this[propName] = function pluginFn() {
+               var args = slice(arguments, 0);
+               var self = this; // super_fn calls the old function which was overwritten by
+               // this mixin.
 
-         }, {
-           key: "pop",
-           value: function pop() {
-             var node = this._root;
+               function super_fn() {
+                 if (!oldFn) {
+                   return;
+                 }
 
-             if (node) {
-               while (node.left) {
-                 node = node.left;
-               }
+                 each$6(arguments, function (arg, i) {
+                   args[i] = arg;
+                 });
+                 return oldFn.apply(self, args);
+               } // Give mixing function access to super_fn by prefixing all mixin function
+               // arguments with super_fn.
 
-               this._root = splay(node.key, this._root, this._comparator);
-               this._root = this._remove(node.key, this._root, this._comparator);
-               return {
-                 key: node.key,
-                 data: node.data
-               };
-             }
 
-             return null;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Find without splaying
-            */
+               var newFnArgs = [super_fn].concat(args);
+               return pluginFnProp.apply(self, newFnArgs);
+             };
+           },
+           _serialize: function _serialize(obj) {
+             return JSON.stringify(obj);
+           },
+           _deserialize: function _deserialize(strVal, defaultVal) {
+             if (!strVal) {
+               return defaultVal;
+             } // It is possible that a raw string value has been previously stored
+             // in a storage without using store.js, meaning it will be a raw
+             // string value instead of a JSON serialized string. By defaulting
+             // to the raw string value in case of a JSON parse error, we allow
+             // for past stored values to be forwards-compatible with store.js
 
-         }, {
-           key: "findStatic",
-           value: function findStatic(key) {
-             var current = this._root;
-             var compare = this._comparator;
 
-             while (current) {
-               var cmp = compare(key, current.key);
-               if (cmp === 0) return current;else if (cmp < 0) current = current.left;else current = current.right;
-             }
+             var val = '';
 
-             return null;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "find",
-           value: function find(key) {
-             if (this._root) {
-               this._root = splay(key, this._root, this._comparator);
-               if (this._comparator(key, this._root.key) !== 0) return null;
+             try {
+               val = JSON.parse(strVal);
+             } catch (e) {
+               val = strVal;
              }
 
-             return this._root;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "contains",
-           value: function contains(key) {
-             var current = this._root;
-             var compare = this._comparator;
-
-             while (current) {
-               var cmp = compare(key, current.key);
-               if (cmp === 0) return true;else if (cmp < 0) current = current.left;else current = current.right;
+             return val !== undefined ? val : defaultVal;
+           },
+           _addStorage: function _addStorage(storage) {
+             if (this.enabled) {
+               return;
              }
 
-             return false;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "forEach",
-           value: function forEach(visitor, ctx) {
-             var current = this._root;
-             var Q = [];
-             /* Initialize stack s */
-
-             var done = false;
-
-             while (!done) {
-               if (current !== null) {
-                 Q.push(current);
-                 current = current.left;
-               } else {
-                 if (Q.length !== 0) {
-                   current = Q.pop();
-                   visitor.call(ctx, current);
-                   current = current.right;
-                 } else done = true;
-               }
+             if (this._testStorage(storage)) {
+               this.storage = storage;
+               this.enabled = true;
              }
+           },
+           _addPlugin: function _addPlugin(plugin) {
+             var self = this; // If the plugin is an array, then add all plugins in the array.
+             // This allows for a plugin to depend on other plugins.
 
-             return this;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Walk key range from `low` to `high`. Stops if `fn` returns a value.
-            */
+             if (isList(plugin)) {
+               each$6(plugin, function (plugin) {
+                 self._addPlugin(plugin);
+               });
+               return;
+             } // Keep track of all plugins we've seen so far, so that we
+             // don't add any of them twice.
 
-         }, {
-           key: "range",
-           value: function range(low, high, fn, ctx) {
-             var Q = [];
-             var compare = this._comparator;
-             var node = this._root;
-             var cmp;
-
-             while (Q.length !== 0 || node) {
-               if (node) {
-                 Q.push(node);
-                 node = node.left;
-               } else {
-                 node = Q.pop();
-                 cmp = compare(node.key, high);
 
-                 if (cmp > 0) {
-                   break;
-                 } else if (compare(node.key, low) >= 0) {
-                   if (fn.call(ctx, node)) return this; // stop if smth is returned
-                 }
+             var seenPlugin = pluck(this.plugins, function (seenPlugin) {
+               return plugin === seenPlugin;
+             });
 
-                 node = node.right;
-               }
+             if (seenPlugin) {
+               return;
              }
 
-             return this;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Returns array of keys
-            */
-
-         }, {
-           key: "keys",
-           value: function keys() {
-             var keys = [];
-             this.forEach(function (_ref) {
-               var key = _ref.key;
-               return keys.push(key);
-             });
-             return keys;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Returns array of all the data in the nodes
-            */
+             this.plugins.push(plugin); // Check that the plugin is properly formed
 
-         }, {
-           key: "values",
-           value: function values() {
-             var values = [];
-             this.forEach(function (_ref2) {
-               var data = _ref2.data;
-               return values.push(data);
-             });
-             return values;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "min",
-           value: function min() {
-             if (this._root) return this.minNode(this._root).key;
-             return null;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "max",
-           value: function max() {
-             if (this._root) return this.maxNode(this._root).key;
-             return null;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "minNode",
-           value: function minNode() {
-             var t = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : this._root;
-             if (t) while (t.left) {
-               t = t.left;
-             }
-             return t;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "maxNode",
-           value: function maxNode() {
-             var t = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : this._root;
-             if (t) while (t.right) {
-               t = t.right;
+             if (!isFunction(plugin)) {
+               throw new Error('Plugins must be function values that return objects');
              }
-             return t;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Returns node at given index
-            */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "at",
-           value: function at(index) {
-             var current = this._root;
-             var done = false;
-             var i = 0;
-             var Q = [];
+             var pluginProperties = plugin.call(this);
 
-             while (!done) {
-               if (current) {
-                 Q.push(current);
-                 current = current.left;
-               } else {
-                 if (Q.length > 0) {
-                   current = Q.pop();
-                   if (i === index) return current;
-                   i++;
-                   current = current.right;
-                 } else done = true;
+             if (!isObject(pluginProperties)) {
+               throw new Error('Plugins must return an object of function properties');
+             } // Add the plugin function properties to this store instance.
+
+
+             each$6(pluginProperties, function (pluginFnProp, propName) {
+               if (!isFunction(pluginFnProp)) {
+                 throw new Error('Bad plugin property: ' + propName + ' from plugin ' + plugin.name + '. Plugins should only return functions.');
                }
-             }
 
-             return null;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "next",
-           value: function next(d) {
-             var root = this._root;
-             var successor = null;
+               self._assignPluginFnProp(pluginFnProp, propName);
+             });
+           },
+           // Put deprecated properties in the private API, so as to not expose it to accidential
+           // discovery through inspection of the store object.
+           // Deprecated: addStorage
+           addStorage: function addStorage(storage) {
+             _warn('store.addStorage(storage) is deprecated. Use createStore([storages])');
 
-             if (d.right) {
-               successor = d.right;
+             this._addStorage(storage);
+           }
+         };
+         var store = create(_privateStoreProps, storeAPI, {
+           plugins: []
+         });
+         store.raw = {};
+         each$6(store, function (prop, propName) {
+           if (isFunction(prop)) {
+             store.raw[propName] = bind(store, prop);
+           }
+         });
+         each$6(storages, function (storage) {
+           store._addStorage(storage);
+         });
+         each$6(plugins, function (plugin) {
+           store._addPlugin(plugin);
+         });
+         return store;
+       }
 
-               while (successor.left) {
-                 successor = successor.left;
-               }
+       var util$4 = util$6;
+       var Global$4 = util$4.Global;
+       var localStorage_1 = {
+         name: 'localStorage',
+         read: read$5,
+         write: write$5,
+         each: each$5,
+         remove: remove$5,
+         clearAll: clearAll$5
+       };
 
-               return successor;
-             }
+       function localStorage$1() {
+         return Global$4.localStorage;
+       }
 
-             var comparator = this._comparator;
+       function read$5(key) {
+         return localStorage$1().getItem(key);
+       }
 
-             while (root) {
-               var cmp = comparator(d.key, root.key);
-               if (cmp === 0) break;else if (cmp < 0) {
-                 successor = root;
-                 root = root.left;
-               } else root = root.right;
-             }
+       function write$5(key, data) {
+         return localStorage$1().setItem(key, data);
+       }
 
-             return successor;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "prev",
-           value: function prev(d) {
-             var root = this._root;
-             var predecessor = null;
+       function each$5(fn) {
+         for (var i = localStorage$1().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+           var key = localStorage$1().key(i);
+           fn(read$5(key), key);
+         }
+       }
 
-             if (d.left !== null) {
-               predecessor = d.left;
+       function remove$5(key) {
+         return localStorage$1().removeItem(key);
+       }
 
-               while (predecessor.right) {
-                 predecessor = predecessor.right;
-               }
+       function clearAll$5() {
+         return localStorage$1().clear();
+       }
 
-               return predecessor;
-             }
+       // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, etc
+       // is available.
 
-             var comparator = this._comparator;
+       var util$3 = util$6;
+       var Global$3 = util$3.Global;
+       var oldFFGlobalStorage = {
+         name: 'oldFF-globalStorage',
+         read: read$4,
+         write: write$4,
+         each: each$4,
+         remove: remove$4,
+         clearAll: clearAll$4
+       };
+       var globalStorage = Global$3.globalStorage;
 
-             while (root) {
-               var cmp = comparator(d.key, root.key);
-               if (cmp === 0) break;else if (cmp < 0) root = root.left;else {
-                 predecessor = root;
-                 root = root.right;
-               }
-             }
+       function read$4(key) {
+         return globalStorage[key];
+       }
 
-             return predecessor;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "clear",
-           value: function clear() {
-             this._root = null;
-             this._size = 0;
-             return this;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "toList",
-           value: function toList() {
-             return _toList(this._root);
-           }
-           /**
-            * Bulk-load items. Both array have to be same size
-            */
+       function write$4(key, data) {
+         globalStorage[key] = data;
+       }
 
-         }, {
-           key: "load",
-           value: function load(keys) {
-             var values = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : [];
-             var presort = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : false;
-             var size = keys.length;
-             var comparator = this._comparator; // sort if needed
-
-             if (presort) sort$1(keys, values, 0, size - 1, comparator);
-
-             if (this._root === null) {
-               // empty tree
-               this._root = loadRecursive$1(keys, values, 0, size);
-               this._size = size;
-             } else {
-               // that re-builds the whole tree from two in-order traversals
-               var mergedList = mergeLists(this.toList(), createList(keys, values), comparator);
-               size = this._size + size;
-               this._root = sortedListToBST({
-                 head: mergedList
-               }, 0, size);
-             }
+       function each$4(fn) {
+         for (var i = globalStorage.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+           var key = globalStorage.key(i);
+           fn(globalStorage[key], key);
+         }
+       }
 
-             return this;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "isEmpty",
-           value: function isEmpty() {
-             return this._root === null;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "toString",
-           value: function toString() {
-             var printNode = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : function (n) {
-               return String(n.key);
-             };
-             var out = [];
-             printRow(this._root, '', true, function (v) {
-               return out.push(v);
-             }, printNode);
-             return out.join('');
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "update",
-           value: function update(key, newKey, newData) {
-             var comparator = this._comparator;
+       function remove$4(key) {
+         return globalStorage.removeItem(key);
+       }
 
-             var _split2 = _split(key, this._root, comparator),
-                 left = _split2.left,
-                 right = _split2.right;
+       function clearAll$4() {
+         each$4(function (key, _) {
+           delete globalStorage[key];
+         });
+       }
 
-             if (comparator(key, newKey) < 0) {
-               right = _insert(newKey, newData, right, comparator);
-             } else {
-               left = _insert(newKey, newData, left, comparator);
-             }
+       // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, sessionStorage, etc
+       // is available.
 
-             this._root = merge$4(left, right, comparator);
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "split",
-           value: function split(key) {
-             return _split(key, this._root, this._comparator);
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "size",
-           get: function get() {
-             return this._size;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "root",
-           get: function get() {
-             return this._root;
-           }
-         }]);
+       var util$2 = util$6;
+       var Global$2 = util$2.Global;
+       var oldIEUserDataStorage = {
+         name: 'oldIE-userDataStorage',
+         write: write$3,
+         read: read$3,
+         each: each$3,
+         remove: remove$3,
+         clearAll: clearAll$3
+       };
+       var storageName = 'storejs';
+       var doc$1 = Global$2.document;
 
-         return Tree;
-       }();
+       var _withStorageEl = _makeIEStorageElFunction();
 
-       function loadRecursive$1(keys, values, start, end) {
-         var size = end - start;
+       var disable = (Global$2.navigator ? Global$2.navigator.userAgent : '').match(/ (MSIE 8|MSIE 9|MSIE 10)\./); // MSIE 9.x, MSIE 10.x
 
-         if (size > 0) {
-           var middle = start + Math.floor(size / 2);
-           var key = keys[middle];
-           var data = values[middle];
-           var node = new Node$1(key, data);
-           node.left = loadRecursive$1(keys, values, start, middle);
-           node.right = loadRecursive$1(keys, values, middle + 1, end);
-           return node;
+       function write$3(unfixedKey, data) {
+         if (disable) {
+           return;
          }
 
-         return null;
-       }
+         var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
 
-       function createList(keys, values) {
-         var head = new Node$1(null, null);
-         var p = head;
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           storageEl.setAttribute(fixedKey, data);
+           storageEl.save(storageName);
+         });
+       }
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-           p = p.next = new Node$1(keys[i], values[i]);
+       function read$3(unfixedKey) {
+         if (disable) {
+           return;
          }
 
-         p.next = null;
-         return head.next;
+         var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
+         var res = null;
+
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           res = storageEl.getAttribute(fixedKey);
+         });
+
+         return res;
        }
 
-       function _toList(root) {
-         var current = root;
-         var Q = [];
-         var done = false;
-         var head = new Node$1(null, null);
-         var p = head;
+       function each$3(callback) {
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
 
-         while (!done) {
-           if (current) {
-             Q.push(current);
-             current = current.left;
-           } else {
-             if (Q.length > 0) {
-               current = p = p.next = Q.pop();
-               current = current.right;
-             } else done = true;
+           for (var i = attributes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+             var attr = attributes[i];
+             callback(storageEl.getAttribute(attr.name), attr.name);
            }
-         }
+         });
+       }
 
-         p.next = null; // that'll work even if the tree was empty
+       function remove$3(unfixedKey) {
+         var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
 
-         return head.next;
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           storageEl.removeAttribute(fixedKey);
+           storageEl.save(storageName);
+         });
        }
 
-       function sortedListToBST(list, start, end) {
-         var size = end - start;
+       function clearAll$3() {
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
+           storageEl.load(storageName);
 
-         if (size > 0) {
-           var middle = start + Math.floor(size / 2);
-           var left = sortedListToBST(list, start, middle);
-           var root = list.head;
-           root.left = left;
-           list.head = list.head.next;
-           root.right = sortedListToBST(list, middle + 1, end);
-           return root;
-         }
+           for (var i = attributes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+             storageEl.removeAttribute(attributes[i].name);
+           }
 
-         return null;
-       }
+           storageEl.save(storageName);
+         });
+       } // Helpers
+       //////////
+       // In IE7, keys cannot start with a digit or contain certain chars.
+       // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/40
+       // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/83
 
-       function mergeLists(l1, l2, compare) {
-         var head = new Node$1(null, null); // dummy
 
-         var p = head;
-         var p1 = l1;
-         var p2 = l2;
+       var forbiddenCharsRegex = new RegExp("[!\"#$%&'()*+,/\\\\:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~]", "g");
 
-         while (p1 !== null && p2 !== null) {
-           if (compare(p1.key, p2.key) < 0) {
-             p.next = p1;
-             p1 = p1.next;
-           } else {
-             p.next = p2;
-             p2 = p2.next;
-           }
+       function fixKey(key) {
+         return key.replace(/^\d/, '___$&').replace(forbiddenCharsRegex, '___');
+       }
 
-           p = p.next;
+       function _makeIEStorageElFunction() {
+         if (!doc$1 || !doc$1.documentElement || !doc$1.documentElement.addBehavior) {
+           return null;
          }
 
-         if (p1 !== null) {
-           p.next = p1;
-         } else if (p2 !== null) {
-           p.next = p2;
+         var scriptTag = 'script',
+             storageOwner,
+             storageContainer,
+             storageEl; // Since #userData storage applies only to specific paths, we need to
+         // somehow link our data to a specific path.  We choose /favicon.ico
+         // as a pretty safe option, since all browsers already make a request to
+         // this URL anyway and being a 404 will not hurt us here.  We wrap an
+         // iframe pointing to the favicon in an ActiveXObject(htmlfile) object
+         // (see: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa752574(v=VS.85).aspx)
+         // since the iframe access rules appear to allow direct access and
+         // manipulation of the document element, even for a 404 page.  This
+         // document can be used instead of the current document (which would
+         // have been limited to the current path) to perform #userData storage.
+
+         try {
+           /* global ActiveXObject */
+           storageContainer = new ActiveXObject('htmlfile');
+           storageContainer.open();
+           storageContainer.write('<' + scriptTag + '>document.w=window</' + scriptTag + '><iframe src="/favicon.ico"></iframe>');
+           storageContainer.close();
+           storageOwner = storageContainer.w.frames[0].document;
+           storageEl = storageOwner.createElement('div');
+         } catch (e) {
+           // somehow ActiveXObject instantiation failed (perhaps some special
+           // security settings or otherwse), fall back to per-path storage
+           storageEl = doc$1.createElement('div');
+           storageOwner = doc$1.body;
          }
 
-         return head.next;
-       }
+         return function (storeFunction) {
+           var args = [].slice.call(arguments, 0);
+           args.unshift(storageEl); // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531081(v=VS.85).aspx
+           // and http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531424(v=VS.85).aspx
 
-       function sort$1(keys, values, left, right, compare) {
-         if (left >= right) return;
-         var pivot = keys[left + right >> 1];
-         var i = left - 1;
-         var j = right + 1;
+           storageOwner.appendChild(storageEl);
+           storageEl.addBehavior('#default#userData');
+           storageEl.load(storageName);
+           storeFunction.apply(this, args);
+           storageOwner.removeChild(storageEl);
+           return;
+         };
+       }
 
-         while (true) {
-           do {
-             i++;
-           } while (compare(keys[i], pivot) < 0);
+       // doesn't work but cookies do. This implementation is adopted from
+       // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Storage/LocalStorage
 
-           do {
-             j--;
-           } while (compare(keys[j], pivot) > 0);
+       var util$1 = util$6;
+       var Global$1 = util$1.Global;
+       var trim = util$1.trim;
+       var cookieStorage = {
+         name: 'cookieStorage',
+         read: read$2,
+         write: write$2,
+         each: each$2,
+         remove: remove$2,
+         clearAll: clearAll$2
+       };
+       var doc = Global$1.document;
 
-           if (i >= j) break;
-           var tmp = keys[i];
-           keys[i] = keys[j];
-           keys[j] = tmp;
-           tmp = values[i];
-           values[i] = values[j];
-           values[j] = tmp;
+       function read$2(key) {
+         if (!key || !_has(key)) {
+           return null;
          }
 
-         sort$1(keys, values, left, j, compare);
-         sort$1(keys, values, j + 1, right, compare);
+         var regexpStr = "(?:^|.*;\\s*)" + escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") + "\\s*\\=\\s*((?:[^;](?!;))*[^;]?).*";
+         return unescape(doc.cookie.replace(new RegExp(regexpStr), "$1"));
        }
 
-       function _classCallCheck$1(instance, Constructor) {
-         if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
-           throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
+       function each$2(callback) {
+         var cookies = doc.cookie.split(/; ?/g);
+
+         for (var i = cookies.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+           if (!trim(cookies[i])) {
+             continue;
+           }
+
+           var kvp = cookies[i].split('=');
+           var key = unescape(kvp[0]);
+           var val = unescape(kvp[1]);
+           callback(val, key);
          }
        }
 
-       function _defineProperties$1(target, props) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
-           var descriptor = props[i];
-           descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
-           descriptor.configurable = true;
-           if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
-           Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
+       function write$2(key, data) {
+         if (!key) {
+           return;
          }
-       }
 
-       function _createClass$1(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
-         if (protoProps) _defineProperties$1(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
-         if (staticProps) _defineProperties$1(Constructor, staticProps);
-         return Constructor;
+         doc.cookie = escape(key) + "=" + escape(data) + "; expires=Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT; path=/";
        }
-       /**
-        * A bounding box has the format:
-        *
-        *  { ll: { x: xmin, y: ymin }, ur: { x: xmax, y: ymax } }
-        *
-        */
-
-
-       var isInBbox = function isInBbox(bbox, point) {
-         return bbox.ll.x <= point.x && point.x <= bbox.ur.x && bbox.ll.y <= point.y && point.y <= bbox.ur.y;
-       };
-       /* Returns either null, or a bbox (aka an ordered pair of points)
-        * If there is only one point of overlap, a bbox with identical points
-        * will be returned */
 
+       function remove$2(key) {
+         if (!key || !_has(key)) {
+           return;
+         }
 
-       var getBboxOverlap = function getBboxOverlap(b1, b2) {
-         // check if the bboxes overlap at all
-         if (b2.ur.x < b1.ll.x || b1.ur.x < b2.ll.x || b2.ur.y < b1.ll.y || b1.ur.y < b2.ll.y) return null; // find the middle two X values
+         doc.cookie = escape(key) + "=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/";
+       }
 
-         var lowerX = b1.ll.x < b2.ll.x ? b2.ll.x : b1.ll.x;
-         var upperX = b1.ur.x < b2.ur.x ? b1.ur.x : b2.ur.x; // find the middle two Y values
+       function clearAll$2() {
+         each$2(function (_, key) {
+           remove$2(key);
+         });
+       }
 
-         var lowerY = b1.ll.y < b2.ll.y ? b2.ll.y : b1.ll.y;
-         var upperY = b1.ur.y < b2.ur.y ? b1.ur.y : b2.ur.y; // put those middle values together to get the overlap
+       function _has(key) {
+         return new RegExp("(?:^|;\\s*)" + escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") + "\\s*\\=").test(doc.cookie);
+       }
 
-         return {
-           ll: {
-             x: lowerX,
-             y: lowerY
-           },
-           ur: {
-             x: upperX,
-             y: upperY
-           }
-         };
+       var util = util$6;
+       var Global = util.Global;
+       var sessionStorage_1 = {
+         name: 'sessionStorage',
+         read: read$1,
+         write: write$1,
+         each: each$1,
+         remove: remove$1,
+         clearAll: clearAll$1
        };
-       /* Javascript doesn't do integer math. Everything is
-        * floating point with percision Number.EPSILON.
-        *
-        * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/EPSILON
-        */
 
+       function sessionStorage() {
+         return Global.sessionStorage;
+       }
 
-       var epsilon$2 = Number.EPSILON; // IE Polyfill
-
-       if (epsilon$2 === undefined) epsilon$2 = Math.pow(2, -52);
-       var EPSILON_SQ = epsilon$2 * epsilon$2;
-       /* FLP comparator */
+       function read$1(key) {
+         return sessionStorage().getItem(key);
+       }
 
-       var cmp = function cmp(a, b) {
-         // check if they're both 0
-         if (-epsilon$2 < a && a < epsilon$2) {
-           if (-epsilon$2 < b && b < epsilon$2) {
-             return 0;
-           }
-         } // check if they're flp equal
+       function write$1(key, data) {
+         return sessionStorage().setItem(key, data);
+       }
 
+       function each$1(fn) {
+         for (var i = sessionStorage().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+           var key = sessionStorage().key(i);
+           fn(read$1(key), key);
+         }
+       }
 
-         var ab = a - b;
+       function remove$1(key) {
+         return sessionStorage().removeItem(key);
+       }
 
-         if (ab * ab < EPSILON_SQ * a * b) {
-           return 0;
-         } // normal comparison
+       function clearAll$1() {
+         return sessionStorage().clear();
+       }
 
+       // is functions (meaning store.get(), store.set(), etc will all function).
+       // However, stored values will not persist when the browser navigates to
+       // a new page or reloads the current page.
 
-         return a < b ? -1 : 1;
+       var memoryStorage_1 = {
+         name: 'memoryStorage',
+         read: read,
+         write: write,
+         each: each,
+         remove: remove,
+         clearAll: clearAll
        };
-       /**
-        * This class rounds incoming values sufficiently so that
-        * floating points problems are, for the most part, avoided.
-        *
-        * Incoming points are have their x & y values tested against
-        * all previously seen x & y values. If either is 'too close'
-        * to a previously seen value, it's value is 'snapped' to the
-        * previously seen value.
-        *
-        * All points should be rounded by this class before being
-        * stored in any data structures in the rest of this algorithm.
-        */
-
+       var memoryStorage = {};
 
-       var PtRounder = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function PtRounder() {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, PtRounder);
+       function read(key) {
+         return memoryStorage[key];
+       }
 
-           this.reset();
-         }
+       function write(key, data) {
+         memoryStorage[key] = data;
+       }
 
-         _createClass$1(PtRounder, [{
-           key: "reset",
-           value: function reset() {
-             this.xRounder = new CoordRounder();
-             this.yRounder = new CoordRounder();
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "round",
-           value: function round(x, y) {
-             return {
-               x: this.xRounder.round(x),
-               y: this.yRounder.round(y)
-             };
+       function each(callback) {
+         for (var key in memoryStorage) {
+           if (memoryStorage.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+             callback(memoryStorage[key], key);
            }
-         }]);
-
-         return PtRounder;
-       }();
-
-       var CoordRounder = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function CoordRounder() {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, CoordRounder);
-
-           this.tree = new Tree(); // preseed with 0 so we don't end up with values < Number.EPSILON
-
-           this.round(0);
-         } // Note: this can rounds input values backwards or forwards.
-         //       You might ask, why not restrict this to just rounding
-         //       forwards? Wouldn't that allow left endpoints to always
-         //       remain left endpoints during splitting (never change to
-         //       right). No - it wouldn't, because we snap intersections
-         //       to endpoints (to establish independence from the segment
-         //       angle for t-intersections).
+         }
+       }
 
+       function remove(key) {
+         delete memoryStorage[key];
+       }
 
-         _createClass$1(CoordRounder, [{
-           key: "round",
-           value: function round(coord) {
-             var node = this.tree.add(coord);
-             var prevNode = this.tree.prev(node);
+       function clearAll(key) {
+         memoryStorage = {};
+       }
 
-             if (prevNode !== null && cmp(node.key, prevNode.key) === 0) {
-               this.tree.remove(coord);
-               return prevNode.key;
-             }
+       var all = [// Listed in order of usage preference
+       localStorage_1, oldFFGlobalStorage, oldIEUserDataStorage, cookieStorage, sessionStorage_1, memoryStorage_1];
 
-             var nextNode = this.tree.next(node);
+       /* eslint-disable */
+       //  json2.js
+       //  2016-10-28
+       //  Public Domain.
+       //  NO WARRANTY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK.
+       //  See http://www.JSON.org/js.html
+       //  This code should be minified before deployment.
+       //  See http://javascript.crockford.com/jsmin.html
+       //  USE YOUR OWN COPY. IT IS EXTREMELY UNWISE TO LOAD CODE FROM SERVERS YOU DO
+       //  NOT CONTROL.
+       //  This file creates a global JSON object containing two methods: stringify
+       //  and parse. This file provides the ES5 JSON capability to ES3 systems.
+       //  If a project might run on IE8 or earlier, then this file should be included.
+       //  This file does nothing on ES5 systems.
+       //      JSON.stringify(value, replacer, space)
+       //          value       any JavaScript value, usually an object or array.
+       //          replacer    an optional parameter that determines how object
+       //                      values are stringified for objects. It can be a
+       //                      function or an array of strings.
+       //          space       an optional parameter that specifies the indentation
+       //                      of nested structures. If it is omitted, the text will
+       //                      be packed without extra whitespace. If it is a number,
+       //                      it will specify the number of spaces to indent at each
+       //                      level. If it is a string (such as "\t" or "&nbsp;"),
+       //                      it contains the characters used to indent at each level.
+       //          This method produces a JSON text from a JavaScript value.
+       //          When an object value is found, if the object contains a toJSON
+       //          method, its toJSON method will be called and the result will be
+       //          stringified. A toJSON method does not serialize: it returns the
+       //          value represented by the name/value pair that should be serialized,
+       //          or undefined if nothing should be serialized. The toJSON method
+       //          will be passed the key associated with the value, and this will be
+       //          bound to the value.
+       //          For example, this would serialize Dates as ISO strings.
+       //              Date.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {
+       //                  function f(n) {
+       //                      // Format integers to have at least two digits.
+       //                      return (n < 10)
+       //                          ? "0" + n
+       //                          : n;
+       //                  }
+       //                  return this.getUTCFullYear()   + "-" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCDate())      + "T" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCHours())     + ":" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCMinutes())   + ":" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCSeconds())   + "Z";
+       //              };
+       //          You can provide an optional replacer method. It will be passed the
+       //          key and value of each member, with this bound to the containing
+       //          object. The value that is returned from your method will be
+       //          serialized. If your method returns undefined, then the member will
+       //          be excluded from the serialization.
+       //          If the replacer parameter is an array of strings, then it will be
+       //          used to select the members to be serialized. It filters the results
+       //          such that only members with keys listed in the replacer array are
+       //          stringified.
+       //          Values that do not have JSON representations, such as undefined or
+       //          functions, will not be serialized. Such values in objects will be
+       //          dropped; in arrays they will be replaced with null. You can use
+       //          a replacer function to replace those with JSON values.
+       //          JSON.stringify(undefined) returns undefined.
+       //          The optional space parameter produces a stringification of the
+       //          value that is filled with line breaks and indentation to make it
+       //          easier to read.
+       //          If the space parameter is a non-empty string, then that string will
+       //          be used for indentation. If the space parameter is a number, then
+       //          the indentation will be that many spaces.
+       //          Example:
+       //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}]);
+       //          // text is '["e",{"pluribus":"unum"}]'
+       //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}], null, "\t");
+       //          // text is '[\n\t"e",\n\t{\n\t\t"pluribus": "unum"\n\t}\n]'
+       //          text = JSON.stringify([new Date()], function (key, value) {
+       //              return this[key] instanceof Date
+       //                  ? "Date(" + this[key] + ")"
+       //                  : value;
+       //          });
+       //          // text is '["Date(---current time---)"]'
+       //      JSON.parse(text, reviver)
+       //          This method parses a JSON text to produce an object or array.
+       //          It can throw a SyntaxError exception.
+       //          The optional reviver parameter is a function that can filter and
+       //          transform the results. It receives each of the keys and values,
+       //          and its return value is used instead of the original value.
+       //          If it returns what it received, then the structure is not modified.
+       //          If it returns undefined then the member is deleted.
+       //          Example:
+       //          // Parse the text. Values that look like ISO date strings will
+       //          // be converted to Date objects.
+       //          myData = JSON.parse(text, function (key, value) {
+       //              var a;
+       //              if (typeof value === "string") {
+       //                  a =
+       //   /^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})T(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}(?:\.\d*)?)Z$/.exec(value);
+       //                  if (a) {
+       //                      return new Date(Date.UTC(+a[1], +a[2] - 1, +a[3], +a[4],
+       //                          +a[5], +a[6]));
+       //                  }
+       //              }
+       //              return value;
+       //          });
+       //          myData = JSON.parse('["Date(09/09/2001)"]', function (key, value) {
+       //              var d;
+       //              if (typeof value === "string" &&
+       //                      value.slice(0, 5) === "Date(" &&
+       //                      value.slice(-1) === ")") {
+       //                  d = new Date(value.slice(5, -1));
+       //                  if (d) {
+       //                      return d;
+       //                  }
+       //              }
+       //              return value;
+       //          });
+       //  This is a reference implementation. You are free to copy, modify, or
+       //  redistribute.
 
-             if (nextNode !== null && cmp(node.key, nextNode.key) === 0) {
-               this.tree.remove(coord);
-               return nextNode.key;
-             }
+       /*jslint
+           eval, for, this
+       */
 
-             return coord;
-           }
-         }]);
+       /*property
+           JSON, apply, call, charCodeAt, getUTCDate, getUTCFullYear, getUTCHours,
+           getUTCMinutes, getUTCMonth, getUTCSeconds, hasOwnProperty, join,
+           lastIndex, length, parse, prototype, push, replace, slice, stringify,
+           test, toJSON, toString, valueOf
+       */
+       // Create a JSON object only if one does not already exist. We create the
+       // methods in a closure to avoid creating global variables.
+       if ((typeof JSON === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(JSON)) !== "object") {
+         JSON = {};
+       }
 
-         return CoordRounder;
-       }(); // singleton available by import
+       (function () {
 
+         var rx_one = /^[\],:{}\s]*$/;
+         var rx_two = /\\(?:["\\\/bfnrt]|u[0-9a-fA-F]{4})/g;
+         var rx_three = /"[^"\\\n\r]*"|true|false|null|-?\d+(?:\.\d*)?(?:[eE][+\-]?\d+)?/g;
+         var rx_four = /(?:^|:|,)(?:\s*\[)+/g;
+         var rx_escapable = /[\\"\u0000-\u001f\u007f-\u009f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;
+         var rx_dangerous = /[\u0000\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;
 
-       var rounder = new PtRounder();
-       /* Cross Product of two vectors with first point at origin */
+         function f(n) {
+           // Format integers to have at least two digits.
+           return n < 10 ? "0" + n : n;
+         }
 
-       var crossProduct$1 = function crossProduct(a, b) {
-         return a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x;
-       };
-       /* Dot Product of two vectors with first point at origin */
+         function this_value() {
+           return this.valueOf();
+         }
 
+         if (typeof Date.prototype.toJSON !== "function") {
+           Date.prototype.toJSON = function () {
+             return isFinite(this.valueOf()) ? this.getUTCFullYear() + "-" + f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" + f(this.getUTCDate()) + "T" + f(this.getUTCHours()) + ":" + f(this.getUTCMinutes()) + ":" + f(this.getUTCSeconds()) + "Z" : null;
+           };
 
-       var dotProduct$1 = function dotProduct(a, b) {
-         return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y;
-       };
-       /* Comparator for two vectors with same starting point */
+           Boolean.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
+           Number.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
+           String.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
+         }
 
+         var gap;
+         var indent;
+         var meta;
+         var rep;
 
-       var compareVectorAngles = function compareVectorAngles(basePt, endPt1, endPt2) {
-         var v1 = {
-           x: endPt1.x - basePt.x,
-           y: endPt1.y - basePt.y
-         };
-         var v2 = {
-           x: endPt2.x - basePt.x,
-           y: endPt2.y - basePt.y
-         };
-         var kross = crossProduct$1(v1, v2);
-         return cmp(kross, 0);
-       };
+         function quote(string) {
+           // If the string contains no control characters, no quote characters, and no
+           // backslash characters, then we can safely slap some quotes around it.
+           // Otherwise we must also replace the offending characters with safe escape
+           // sequences.
+           rx_escapable.lastIndex = 0;
+           return rx_escapable.test(string) ? "\"" + string.replace(rx_escapable, function (a) {
+             var c = meta[a];
+             return typeof c === "string" ? c : "\\u" + ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
+           }) + "\"" : "\"" + string + "\"";
+         }
 
-       var length = function length(v) {
-         return Math.sqrt(dotProduct$1(v, v));
-       };
-       /* Get the sine of the angle from pShared -> pAngle to pShaed -> pBase */
+         function str(key, holder) {
+           // Produce a string from holder[key].
+           var i; // The loop counter.
 
+           var k; // The member key.
 
-       var sineOfAngle = function sineOfAngle(pShared, pBase, pAngle) {
-         var vBase = {
-           x: pBase.x - pShared.x,
-           y: pBase.y - pShared.y
-         };
-         var vAngle = {
-           x: pAngle.x - pShared.x,
-           y: pAngle.y - pShared.y
-         };
-         return crossProduct$1(vAngle, vBase) / length(vAngle) / length(vBase);
-       };
-       /* Get the cosine of the angle from pShared -> pAngle to pShaed -> pBase */
+           var v; // The member value.
 
+           var length;
+           var mind = gap;
+           var partial;
+           var value = holder[key]; // If the value has a toJSON method, call it to obtain a replacement value.
 
-       var cosineOfAngle = function cosineOfAngle(pShared, pBase, pAngle) {
-         var vBase = {
-           x: pBase.x - pShared.x,
-           y: pBase.y - pShared.y
-         };
-         var vAngle = {
-           x: pAngle.x - pShared.x,
-           y: pAngle.y - pShared.y
-         };
-         return dotProduct$1(vAngle, vBase) / length(vAngle) / length(vBase);
-       };
-       /* Get the x coordinate where the given line (defined by a point and vector)
-        * crosses the horizontal line with the given y coordiante.
-        * In the case of parrallel lines (including overlapping ones) returns null. */
+           if (value && _typeof(value) === "object" && typeof value.toJSON === "function") {
+             value = value.toJSON(key);
+           } // If we were called with a replacer function, then call the replacer to
+           // obtain a replacement value.
 
 
-       var horizontalIntersection = function horizontalIntersection(pt, v, y) {
-         if (v.y === 0) return null;
-         return {
-           x: pt.x + v.x / v.y * (y - pt.y),
-           y: y
-         };
-       };
-       /* Get the y coordinate where the given line (defined by a point and vector)
-        * crosses the vertical line with the given x coordiante.
-        * In the case of parrallel lines (including overlapping ones) returns null. */
+           if (typeof rep === "function") {
+             value = rep.call(holder, key, value);
+           } // What happens next depends on the value's type.
 
 
-       var verticalIntersection = function verticalIntersection(pt, v, x) {
-         if (v.x === 0) return null;
-         return {
-           x: x,
-           y: pt.y + v.y / v.x * (x - pt.x)
-         };
-       };
-       /* Get the intersection of two lines, each defined by a base point and a vector.
-        * In the case of parrallel lines (including overlapping ones) returns null. */
+           switch (_typeof(value)) {
+             case "string":
+               return quote(value);
 
+             case "number":
+               // JSON numbers must be finite. Encode non-finite numbers as null.
+               return isFinite(value) ? String(value) : "null";
 
-       var intersection$1 = function intersection(pt1, v1, pt2, v2) {
-         // take some shortcuts for vertical and horizontal lines
-         // this also ensures we don't calculate an intersection and then discover
-         // it's actually outside the bounding box of the line
-         if (v1.x === 0) return verticalIntersection(pt2, v2, pt1.x);
-         if (v2.x === 0) return verticalIntersection(pt1, v1, pt2.x);
-         if (v1.y === 0) return horizontalIntersection(pt2, v2, pt1.y);
-         if (v2.y === 0) return horizontalIntersection(pt1, v1, pt2.y); // General case for non-overlapping segments.
-         // This algorithm is based on Schneider and Eberly.
-         // http://www.cimec.org.ar/~ncalvo/Schneider_Eberly.pdf - pg 244
+             case "boolean":
+             case "null":
+               // If the value is a boolean or null, convert it to a string. Note:
+               // typeof null does not produce "null". The case is included here in
+               // the remote chance that this gets fixed someday.
+               return String(value);
+             // If the type is "object", we might be dealing with an object or an array or
+             // null.
 
-         var kross = crossProduct$1(v1, v2);
-         if (kross == 0) return null;
-         var ve = {
-           x: pt2.x - pt1.x,
-           y: pt2.y - pt1.y
-         };
-         var d1 = crossProduct$1(ve, v1) / kross;
-         var d2 = crossProduct$1(ve, v2) / kross; // take the average of the two calculations to minimize rounding error
+             case "object":
+               // Due to a specification blunder in ECMAScript, typeof null is "object",
+               // so watch out for that case.
+               if (!value) {
+                 return "null";
+               } // Make an array to hold the partial results of stringifying this object value.
 
-         var x1 = pt1.x + d2 * v1.x,
-             x2 = pt2.x + d1 * v2.x;
-         var y1 = pt1.y + d2 * v1.y,
-             y2 = pt2.y + d1 * v2.y;
-         var x = (x1 + x2) / 2;
-         var y = (y1 + y2) / 2;
-         return {
-           x: x,
-           y: y
-         };
-       };
 
-       var SweepEvent$1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         _createClass$1(SweepEvent, null, [{
-           key: "compare",
-           // for ordering sweep events in the sweep event queue
-           value: function compare(a, b) {
-             // favor event with a point that the sweep line hits first
-             var ptCmp = SweepEvent.comparePoints(a.point, b.point);
-             if (ptCmp !== 0) return ptCmp; // the points are the same, so link them if needed
+               gap += indent;
+               partial = []; // Is the value an array?
 
-             if (a.point !== b.point) a.link(b); // favor right events over left
+               if (Object.prototype.toString.apply(value) === "[object Array]") {
+                 // The value is an array. Stringify every element. Use null as a placeholder
+                 // for non-JSON values.
+                 length = value.length;
 
-             if (a.isLeft !== b.isLeft) return a.isLeft ? 1 : -1; // we have two matching left or right endpoints
-             // ordering of this case is the same as for their segments
+                 for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+                   partial[i] = str(i, value) || "null";
+                 } // Join all of the elements together, separated with commas, and wrap them in
+                 // brackets.
 
-             return Segment.compare(a.segment, b.segment);
-           } // for ordering points in sweep line order
 
-         }, {
-           key: "comparePoints",
-           value: function comparePoints(aPt, bPt) {
-             if (aPt.x < bPt.x) return -1;
-             if (aPt.x > bPt.x) return 1;
-             if (aPt.y < bPt.y) return -1;
-             if (aPt.y > bPt.y) return 1;
-             return 0;
-           } // Warning: 'point' input will be modified and re-used (for performance)
+                 v = partial.length === 0 ? "[]" : gap ? "[\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "]" : "[" + partial.join(",") + "]";
+                 gap = mind;
+                 return v;
+               } // If the replacer is an array, use it to select the members to be stringified.
 
-         }]);
 
-         function SweepEvent(point, isLeft) {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, SweepEvent);
+               if (rep && _typeof(rep) === "object") {
+                 length = rep.length;
 
-           if (point.events === undefined) point.events = [this];else point.events.push(this);
-           this.point = point;
-           this.isLeft = isLeft; // this.segment, this.otherSE set by factory
-         }
+                 for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+                   if (typeof rep[i] === "string") {
+                     k = rep[i];
+                     v = str(k, value);
 
-         _createClass$1(SweepEvent, [{
-           key: "link",
-           value: function link(other) {
-             if (other.point === this.point) {
-               throw new Error('Tried to link already linked events');
-             }
+                     if (v) {
+                       partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ": " : ":") + v);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 // Otherwise, iterate through all of the keys in the object.
+                 for (k in value) {
+                   if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
+                     v = str(k, value);
 
-             var otherEvents = other.point.events;
+                     if (v) {
+                       partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ": " : ":") + v);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               } // Join all of the member texts together, separated with commas,
+               // and wrap them in braces.
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = otherEvents.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var evt = otherEvents[i];
-               this.point.events.push(evt);
-               evt.point = this.point;
-             }
 
-             this.checkForConsuming();
+               v = partial.length === 0 ? "{}" : gap ? "{\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "}" : "{" + partial.join(",") + "}";
+               gap = mind;
+               return v;
            }
-           /* Do a pass over our linked events and check to see if any pair
-            * of segments match, and should be consumed. */
+         } // If the JSON object does not yet have a stringify method, give it one.
 
-         }, {
-           key: "checkForConsuming",
-           value: function checkForConsuming() {
-             // FIXME: The loops in this method run O(n^2) => no good.
-             //        Maintain little ordered sweep event trees?
-             //        Can we maintaining an ordering that avoids the need
-             //        for the re-sorting with getLeftmostComparator in geom-out?
-             // Compare each pair of events to see if other events also match
-             var numEvents = this.point.events.length;
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < numEvents; i++) {
-               var evt1 = this.point.events[i];
-               if (evt1.segment.consumedBy !== undefined) continue;
+         if (typeof JSON.stringify !== "function") {
+           meta = {
+             // table of character substitutions
+             "\b": "\\b",
+             "\t": "\\t",
+             "\n": "\\n",
+             "\f": "\\f",
+             "\r": "\\r",
+             "\"": "\\\"",
+             "\\": "\\\\"
+           };
 
-               for (var j = i + 1; j < numEvents; j++) {
-                 var evt2 = this.point.events[j];
-                 if (evt2.consumedBy !== undefined) continue;
-                 if (evt1.otherSE.point.events !== evt2.otherSE.point.events) continue;
-                 evt1.segment.consume(evt2.segment);
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "getAvailableLinkedEvents",
-           value: function getAvailableLinkedEvents() {
-             // point.events is always of length 2 or greater
-             var events = [];
+           JSON.stringify = function (value, replacer, space) {
+             // The stringify method takes a value and an optional replacer, and an optional
+             // space parameter, and returns a JSON text. The replacer can be a function
+             // that can replace values, or an array of strings that will select the keys.
+             // A default replacer method can be provided. Use of the space parameter can
+             // produce text that is more easily readable.
+             var i;
+             gap = "";
+             indent = ""; // If the space parameter is a number, make an indent string containing that
+             // many spaces.
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.point.events.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var evt = this.point.events[i];
+             if (typeof space === "number") {
+               for (i = 0; i < space; i += 1) {
+                 indent += " ";
+               } // If the space parameter is a string, it will be used as the indent string.
 
-               if (evt !== this && !evt.segment.ringOut && evt.segment.isInResult()) {
-                 events.push(evt);
-               }
-             }
+             } else if (typeof space === "string") {
+               indent = space;
+             } // If there is a replacer, it must be a function or an array.
+             // Otherwise, throw an error.
 
-             return events;
-           }
-           /**
-            * Returns a comparator function for sorting linked events that will
-            * favor the event that will give us the smallest left-side angle.
-            * All ring construction starts as low as possible heading to the right,
-            * so by always turning left as sharp as possible we'll get polygons
-            * without uncessary loops & holes.
-            *
-            * The comparator function has a compute cache such that it avoids
-            * re-computing already-computed values.
-            */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "getLeftmostComparator",
-           value: function getLeftmostComparator(baseEvent) {
-             var _this = this;
+             rep = replacer;
 
-             var cache = new Map();
+             if (replacer && typeof replacer !== "function" && (_typeof(replacer) !== "object" || typeof replacer.length !== "number")) {
+               throw new Error("JSON.stringify");
+             } // Make a fake root object containing our value under the key of "".
+             // Return the result of stringifying the value.
 
-             var fillCache = function fillCache(linkedEvent) {
-               var nextEvent = linkedEvent.otherSE;
-               cache.set(linkedEvent, {
-                 sine: sineOfAngle(_this.point, baseEvent.point, nextEvent.point),
-                 cosine: cosineOfAngle(_this.point, baseEvent.point, nextEvent.point)
-               });
-             };
 
-             return function (a, b) {
-               if (!cache.has(a)) fillCache(a);
-               if (!cache.has(b)) fillCache(b);
+             return str("", {
+               "": value
+             });
+           };
+         } // If the JSON object does not yet have a parse method, give it one.
 
-               var _cache$get = cache.get(a),
-                   asine = _cache$get.sine,
-                   acosine = _cache$get.cosine;
 
-               var _cache$get2 = cache.get(b),
-                   bsine = _cache$get2.sine,
-                   bcosine = _cache$get2.cosine; // both on or above x-axis
+         if (typeof JSON.parse !== "function") {
+           JSON.parse = function (text, reviver) {
+             // The parse method takes a text and an optional reviver function, and returns
+             // a JavaScript value if the text is a valid JSON text.
+             var j;
 
+             function walk(holder, key) {
+               // The walk method is used to recursively walk the resulting structure so
+               // that modifications can be made.
+               var k;
+               var v;
+               var value = holder[key];
 
-               if (asine >= 0 && bsine >= 0) {
-                 if (acosine < bcosine) return 1;
-                 if (acosine > bcosine) return -1;
-                 return 0;
-               } // both below x-axis
+               if (value && _typeof(value) === "object") {
+                 for (k in value) {
+                   if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
+                     v = walk(value, k);
 
+                     if (v !== undefined) {
+                       value[k] = v;
+                     } else {
+                       delete value[k];
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-               if (asine < 0 && bsine < 0) {
-                 if (acosine < bcosine) return -1;
-                 if (acosine > bcosine) return 1;
-                 return 0;
-               } // one above x-axis, one below
+               return reviver.call(holder, key, value);
+             } // Parsing happens in four stages. In the first stage, we replace certain
+             // Unicode characters with escape sequences. JavaScript handles many characters
+             // incorrectly, either silently deleting them, or treating them as line endings.
 
 
-               if (bsine < asine) return -1;
-               if (bsine > asine) return 1;
-               return 0;
-             };
-           }
-         }]);
+             text = String(text);
+             rx_dangerous.lastIndex = 0;
 
-         return SweepEvent;
-       }(); // segments and sweep events when all else is identical
+             if (rx_dangerous.test(text)) {
+               text = text.replace(rx_dangerous, function (a) {
+                 return "\\u" + ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
+               });
+             } // In the second stage, we run the text against regular expressions that look
+             // for non-JSON patterns. We are especially concerned with "()" and "new"
+             // because they can cause invocation, and "=" because it can cause mutation.
+             // But just to be safe, we want to reject all unexpected forms.
+             // We split the second stage into 4 regexp operations in order to work around
+             // crippling inefficiencies in IE's and Safari's regexp engines. First we
+             // replace the JSON backslash pairs with "@" (a non-JSON character). Second, we
+             // replace all simple value tokens with "]" characters. Third, we delete all
+             // open brackets that follow a colon or comma or that begin the text. Finally,
+             // we look to see that the remaining characters are only whitespace or "]" or
+             // "," or ":" or "{" or "}". If that is so, then the text is safe for eval.
 
 
-       var segmentId = 0;
+             if (rx_one.test(text.replace(rx_two, "@").replace(rx_three, "]").replace(rx_four, ""))) {
+               // In the third stage we use the eval function to compile the text into a
+               // JavaScript structure. The "{" operator is subject to a syntactic ambiguity
+               // in JavaScript: it can begin a block or an object literal. We wrap the text
+               // in parens to eliminate the ambiguity.
+               j = eval("(" + text + ")"); // In the optional fourth stage, we recursively walk the new structure, passing
+               // each name/value pair to a reviver function for possible transformation.
 
-       var Segment = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         _createClass$1(Segment, null, [{
-           key: "compare",
+               return typeof reviver === "function" ? walk({
+                 "": j
+               }, "") : j;
+             } // If the text is not JSON parseable, then a SyntaxError is thrown.
 
-           /* This compare() function is for ordering segments in the sweep
-            * line tree, and does so according to the following criteria:
-            *
-            * Consider the vertical line that lies an infinestimal step to the
-            * right of the right-more of the two left endpoints of the input
-            * segments. Imagine slowly moving a point up from negative infinity
-            * in the increasing y direction. Which of the two segments will that
-            * point intersect first? That segment comes 'before' the other one.
-            *
-            * If neither segment would be intersected by such a line, (if one
-            * or more of the segments are vertical) then the line to be considered
-            * is directly on the right-more of the two left inputs.
-            */
-           value: function compare(a, b) {
-             var alx = a.leftSE.point.x;
-             var blx = b.leftSE.point.x;
-             var arx = a.rightSE.point.x;
-             var brx = b.rightSE.point.x; // check if they're even in the same vertical plane
 
-             if (brx < alx) return 1;
-             if (arx < blx) return -1;
-             var aly = a.leftSE.point.y;
-             var bly = b.leftSE.point.y;
-             var ary = a.rightSE.point.y;
-             var bry = b.rightSE.point.y; // is left endpoint of segment B the right-more?
+             throw new SyntaxError("JSON.parse");
+           };
+         }
+       })();
 
-             if (alx < blx) {
-               // are the two segments in the same horizontal plane?
-               if (bly < aly && bly < ary) return 1;
-               if (bly > aly && bly > ary) return -1; // is the B left endpoint colinear to segment A?
+       var json2 = json2Plugin;
 
-               var aCmpBLeft = a.comparePoint(b.leftSE.point);
-               if (aCmpBLeft < 0) return 1;
-               if (aCmpBLeft > 0) return -1; // is the A right endpoint colinear to segment B ?
+       function json2Plugin() {
+         return {};
+       }
 
-               var bCmpARight = b.comparePoint(a.rightSE.point);
-               if (bCmpARight !== 0) return bCmpARight; // colinear segments, consider the one with left-more
-               // left endpoint to be first (arbitrary?)
+       var engine = storeEngine;
+       var storages = all;
+       var plugins = [json2];
+       var store_legacy = engine.createStore(storages, plugins);
 
-               return -1;
-             } // is left endpoint of segment A the right-more?
+       var immutable = extend;
+       var hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
 
+       function extend() {
+         var target = {};
 
-             if (alx > blx) {
-               if (aly < bly && aly < bry) return -1;
-               if (aly > bly && aly > bry) return 1; // is the A left endpoint colinear to segment B?
+         for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+           var source = arguments[i];
 
-               var bCmpALeft = b.comparePoint(a.leftSE.point);
-               if (bCmpALeft !== 0) return bCmpALeft; // is the B right endpoint colinear to segment A?
+           for (var key in source) {
+             if (hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) {
+               target[key] = source[key];
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               var aCmpBRight = a.comparePoint(b.rightSE.point);
-               if (aCmpBRight < 0) return 1;
-               if (aCmpBRight > 0) return -1; // colinear segments, consider the one with left-more
-               // left endpoint to be first (arbitrary?)
+         return target;
+       }
 
-               return 1;
-             } // if we get here, the two left endpoints are in the same
-             // vertical plane, ie alx === blx
-             // consider the lower left-endpoint to come first
+       var ohauth = ohauth_1;
+       var resolveUrl = resolveUrl$1.exports;
+       var store = store_legacy;
+       var xtend = immutable; // # osm-auth
+       //
+       // This code is only compatible with IE10+ because the [XDomainRequest](http://bit.ly/LfO7xo)
+       // object, IE<10's idea of [CORS](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-origin_resource_sharing),
+       // does not support custom headers, which this uses everywhere.
 
+       var osmAuth = function osmAuth(o) {
+         var oauth = {}; // authenticated users will also have a request token secret, but it's
+         // not used in transactions with the server
 
-             if (aly < bly) return -1;
-             if (aly > bly) return 1; // left endpoints are identical
-             // check for colinearity by using the left-more right endpoint
-             // is the A right endpoint more left-more?
+         oauth.authenticated = function () {
+           return !!(token('oauth_token') && token('oauth_token_secret'));
+         };
 
-             if (arx < brx) {
-               var _bCmpARight = b.comparePoint(a.rightSE.point);
+         oauth.logout = function () {
+           token('oauth_token', '');
+           token('oauth_token_secret', '');
+           token('oauth_request_token_secret', '');
+           return oauth;
+         }; // TODO: detect lack of click event
 
-               if (_bCmpARight !== 0) return _bCmpARight;
-             } // is the B right endpoint more left-more?
 
+         oauth.authenticate = function (callback) {
+           if (oauth.authenticated()) return callback();
+           oauth.logout(); // ## Getting a request token
+
+           var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
+               url = o.url + '/oauth/request_token';
+           params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(o.oauth_secret, '', ohauth.baseString('POST', url, params));
 
-             if (arx > brx) {
-               var _aCmpBRight = a.comparePoint(b.rightSE.point);
+           if (!o.singlepage) {
+             // Create a 600x550 popup window in the center of the screen
+             var w = 600,
+                 h = 550,
+                 settings = [['width', w], ['height', h], ['left', screen.width / 2 - w / 2], ['top', screen.height / 2 - h / 2]].map(function (x) {
+               return x.join('=');
+             }).join(','),
+                 popup = window.open('about:blank', 'oauth_window', settings);
+             oauth.popupWindow = popup;
 
-               if (_aCmpBRight < 0) return 1;
-               if (_aCmpBRight > 0) return -1;
+             if (!popup) {
+               var error = new Error('Popup was blocked');
+               error.status = 'popup-blocked';
+               throw error;
              }
+           } // Request a request token. When this is complete, the popup
+           // window is redirected to OSM's authorization page.
 
-             if (arx !== brx) {
-               // are these two [almost] vertical segments with opposite orientation?
-               // if so, the one with the lower right endpoint comes first
-               var ay = ary - aly;
-               var ax = arx - alx;
-               var by = bry - bly;
-               var bx = brx - blx;
-               if (ay > ax && by < bx) return 1;
-               if (ay < ax && by > bx) return -1;
-             } // we have colinear segments with matching orientation
-             // consider the one with more left-more right endpoint to be first
-
-
-             if (arx > brx) return 1;
-             if (arx < brx) return -1; // if we get here, two two right endpoints are in the same
-             // vertical plane, ie arx === brx
-             // consider the lower right-endpoint to come first
 
-             if (ary < bry) return -1;
-             if (ary > bry) return 1; // right endpoints identical as well, so the segments are idential
-             // fall back on creation order as consistent tie-breaker
+           ohauth.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, reqTokenDone);
+           o.loading();
 
-             if (a.id < b.id) return -1;
-             if (a.id > b.id) return 1; // identical segment, ie a === b
+           function reqTokenDone(err, xhr) {
+             o.done();
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var resp = ohauth.stringQs(xhr.response);
+             token('oauth_request_token_secret', resp.oauth_token_secret);
+             var authorize_url = o.url + '/oauth/authorize?' + ohauth.qsString({
+               oauth_token: resp.oauth_token,
+               oauth_callback: resolveUrl(o.landing)
+             });
 
-             return 0;
-           }
-           /* Warning: a reference to ringWindings input will be stored,
-            *  and possibly will be later modified */
+             if (o.singlepage) {
+               location.href = authorize_url;
+             } else {
+               popup.location = authorize_url;
+             }
+           } // Called by a function in a landing page, in the popup window. The
+           // window closes itself.
 
-         }]);
 
-         function Segment(leftSE, rightSE, rings, windings) {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, Segment);
+           window.authComplete = function (token) {
+             var oauth_token = ohauth.stringQs(token.split('?')[1]);
+             get_access_token(oauth_token.oauth_token);
+             delete window.authComplete;
+           }; // ## Getting an request token
+           //
+           // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
+           // call on a landing page popup.
 
-           this.id = ++segmentId;
-           this.leftSE = leftSE;
-           leftSE.segment = this;
-           leftSE.otherSE = rightSE;
-           this.rightSE = rightSE;
-           rightSE.segment = this;
-           rightSE.otherSE = leftSE;
-           this.rings = rings;
-           this.windings = windings; // left unset for performance, set later in algorithm
-           // this.ringOut, this.consumedBy, this.prev
-         }
 
-         _createClass$1(Segment, [{
-           key: "replaceRightSE",
+           function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
+             var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
+                 params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
+                 request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
+             params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
+             params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(o.oauth_secret, request_token_secret, ohauth.baseString('POST', url, params)); // ## Getting an access token
+             //
+             // The final token required for authentication. At this point
+             // we have a `request token secret`
 
-           /* When a segment is split, the rightSE is replaced with a new sweep event */
-           value: function replaceRightSE(newRightSE) {
-             this.rightSE = newRightSE;
-             this.rightSE.segment = this;
-             this.rightSE.otherSE = this.leftSE;
-             this.leftSE.otherSE = this.rightSE;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "bbox",
-           value: function bbox() {
-             var y1 = this.leftSE.point.y;
-             var y2 = this.rightSE.point.y;
-             return {
-               ll: {
-                 x: this.leftSE.point.x,
-                 y: y1 < y2 ? y1 : y2
-               },
-               ur: {
-                 x: this.rightSE.point.x,
-                 y: y1 > y2 ? y1 : y2
-               }
-             };
+             ohauth.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
+             o.loading();
            }
-           /* A vector from the left point to the right */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "vector",
-           value: function vector() {
-             return {
-               x: this.rightSE.point.x - this.leftSE.point.x,
-               y: this.rightSE.point.y - this.leftSE.point.y
-             };
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "isAnEndpoint",
-           value: function isAnEndpoint(pt) {
-             return pt.x === this.leftSE.point.x && pt.y === this.leftSE.point.y || pt.x === this.rightSE.point.x && pt.y === this.rightSE.point.y;
+           function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
+             o.done();
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var access_token = ohauth.stringQs(xhr.response);
+             token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
+             token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
+             callback(null, oauth);
            }
-           /* Compare this segment with a point.
-            *
-            * A point P is considered to be colinear to a segment if there
-            * exists a distance D such that if we travel along the segment
-            * from one * endpoint towards the other a distance D, we find
-            * ourselves at point P.
-            *
-            * Return value indicates:
-            *
-            *   1: point lies above the segment (to the left of vertical)
-            *   0: point is colinear to segment
-            *  -1: point lies below the segment (to the right of vertical)
-            */
-
-         }, {
-           key: "comparePoint",
-           value: function comparePoint(point) {
-             if (this.isAnEndpoint(point)) return 0;
-             var lPt = this.leftSE.point;
-             var rPt = this.rightSE.point;
-             var v = this.vector(); // Exactly vertical segments.
-
-             if (lPt.x === rPt.x) {
-               if (point.x === lPt.x) return 0;
-               return point.x < lPt.x ? 1 : -1;
-             } // Nearly vertical segments with an intersection.
-             // Check to see where a point on the line with matching Y coordinate is.
-
+         };
 
-             var yDist = (point.y - lPt.y) / v.y;
-             var xFromYDist = lPt.x + yDist * v.x;
-             if (point.x === xFromYDist) return 0; // General case.
-             // Check to see where a point on the line with matching X coordinate is.
+         oauth.bringPopupWindowToFront = function () {
+           var brougtPopupToFront = false;
 
-             var xDist = (point.x - lPt.x) / v.x;
-             var yFromXDist = lPt.y + xDist * v.y;
-             if (point.y === yFromXDist) return 0;
-             return point.y < yFromXDist ? -1 : 1;
+           try {
+             // This may cause a cross-origin error:
+             // `DOMException: Blocked a frame with origin "..." from accessing a cross-origin frame.`
+             if (oauth.popupWindow && !oauth.popupWindow.closed) {
+               oauth.popupWindow.focus();
+               brougtPopupToFront = true;
+             }
+           } catch (err) {// Bringing popup window to front failed (probably because of the cross-origin error mentioned above)
            }
-           /**
-            * Given another segment, returns the first non-trivial intersection
-            * between the two segments (in terms of sweep line ordering), if it exists.
-            *
-            * A 'non-trivial' intersection is one that will cause one or both of the
-            * segments to be split(). As such, 'trivial' vs. 'non-trivial' intersection:
-            *
-            *   * endpoint of segA with endpoint of segB --> trivial
-            *   * endpoint of segA with point along segB --> non-trivial
-            *   * endpoint of segB with point along segA --> non-trivial
-            *   * point along segA with point along segB --> non-trivial
-            *
-            * If no non-trivial intersection exists, return null
-            * Else, return null.
-            */
-
-         }, {
-           key: "getIntersection",
-           value: function getIntersection(other) {
-             // If bboxes don't overlap, there can't be any intersections
-             var tBbox = this.bbox();
-             var oBbox = other.bbox();
-             var bboxOverlap = getBboxOverlap(tBbox, oBbox);
-             if (bboxOverlap === null) return null; // We first check to see if the endpoints can be considered intersections.
-             // This will 'snap' intersections to endpoints if possible, and will
-             // handle cases of colinearity.
 
-             var tlp = this.leftSE.point;
-             var trp = this.rightSE.point;
-             var olp = other.leftSE.point;
-             var orp = other.rightSE.point; // does each endpoint touch the other segment?
-             // note that we restrict the 'touching' definition to only allow segments
-             // to touch endpoints that lie forward from where we are in the sweep line pass
+           return brougtPopupToFront;
+         };
 
-             var touchesOtherLSE = isInBbox(tBbox, olp) && this.comparePoint(olp) === 0;
-             var touchesThisLSE = isInBbox(oBbox, tlp) && other.comparePoint(tlp) === 0;
-             var touchesOtherRSE = isInBbox(tBbox, orp) && this.comparePoint(orp) === 0;
-             var touchesThisRSE = isInBbox(oBbox, trp) && other.comparePoint(trp) === 0; // do left endpoints match?
+         oauth.bootstrapToken = function (oauth_token, callback) {
+           // ## Getting an request token
+           // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
+           // call on a landing page popup.
+           function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
+             var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
+                 params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
+                 request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
+             params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
+             params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(o.oauth_secret, request_token_secret, ohauth.baseString('POST', url, params)); // ## Getting an access token
+             // The final token required for authentication. At this point
+             // we have a `request token secret`
 
-             if (touchesThisLSE && touchesOtherLSE) {
-               // these two cases are for colinear segments with matching left
-               // endpoints, and one segment being longer than the other
-               if (touchesThisRSE && !touchesOtherRSE) return trp;
-               if (!touchesThisRSE && touchesOtherRSE) return orp; // either the two segments match exactly (two trival intersections)
-               // or just on their left endpoint (one trivial intersection
+             ohauth.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
+             o.loading();
+           }
 
-               return null;
-             } // does this left endpoint matches (other doesn't)
+           function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
+             o.done();
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var access_token = ohauth.stringQs(xhr.response);
+             token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
+             token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
+             callback(null, oauth);
+           }
 
+           get_access_token(oauth_token);
+         }; // # xhr
+         //
+         // A single XMLHttpRequest wrapper that does authenticated calls if the
+         // user has logged in.
 
-             if (touchesThisLSE) {
-               // check for segments that just intersect on opposing endpoints
-               if (touchesOtherRSE) {
-                 if (tlp.x === orp.x && tlp.y === orp.y) return null;
-               } // t-intersection on left endpoint
 
+         oauth.xhr = function (options, callback) {
+           if (!oauth.authenticated()) {
+             if (o.auto) {
+               return oauth.authenticate(run);
+             } else {
+               callback('not authenticated', null);
+               return;
+             }
+           } else {
+             return run();
+           }
 
-               return tlp;
-             } // does other left endpoint matches (this doesn't)
+           function run() {
+             var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
+                 oauth_token_secret = token('oauth_token_secret'),
+                 url = options.prefix !== false ? o.url + options.path : options.path,
+                 url_parts = url.replace(/#.*$/, '').split('?', 2),
+                 base_url = url_parts[0],
+                 query = url_parts.length === 2 ? url_parts[1] : ''; // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5849#section-3.4.1.3.1
 
+             if ((!options.options || !options.options.header || options.options.header['Content-Type'] === 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded') && options.content) {
+               params = xtend(params, ohauth.stringQs(options.content));
+             }
 
-             if (touchesOtherLSE) {
-               // check for segments that just intersect on opposing endpoints
-               if (touchesThisRSE) {
-                 if (trp.x === olp.x && trp.y === olp.y) return null;
-               } // t-intersection on left endpoint
+             params.oauth_token = token('oauth_token');
+             params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(o.oauth_secret, oauth_token_secret, ohauth.baseString(options.method, base_url, xtend(params, ohauth.stringQs(query))));
+             return ohauth.xhr(options.method, url, params, options.content, options.options, done);
+           }
 
+           function done(err, xhr) {
+             if (err) return callback(err);else if (xhr.responseXML) return callback(err, xhr.responseXML);else return callback(err, xhr.response);
+           }
+         }; // pre-authorize this object, if we can just get a token and token_secret
+         // from the start
 
-               return olp;
-             } // trivial intersection on right endpoints
 
+         oauth.preauth = function (c) {
+           if (!c) return;
+           if (c.oauth_token) token('oauth_token', c.oauth_token);
+           if (c.oauth_token_secret) token('oauth_token_secret', c.oauth_token_secret);
+           return oauth;
+         };
 
-             if (touchesThisRSE && touchesOtherRSE) return null; // t-intersections on just one right endpoint
+         oauth.options = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return o;
+           o = _;
+           o.url = o.url || 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
+           o.landing = o.landing || 'land.html';
+           o.singlepage = o.singlepage || false; // Optional loading and loading-done functions for nice UI feedback.
+           // by default, no-ops
 
-             if (touchesThisRSE) return trp;
-             if (touchesOtherRSE) return orp; // None of our endpoints intersect. Look for a general intersection between
-             // infinite lines laid over the segments
+           o.loading = o.loading || function () {};
 
-             var pt = intersection$1(tlp, this.vector(), olp, other.vector()); // are the segments parrallel? Note that if they were colinear with overlap,
-             // they would have an endpoint intersection and that case was already handled above
+           o.done = o.done || function () {};
 
-             if (pt === null) return null; // is the intersection found between the lines not on the segments?
+           return oauth.preauth(o);
+         }; // 'stamp' an authentication object from `getAuth()`
+         // with a [nonce](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce)
+         // and timestamp
 
-             if (!isInBbox(bboxOverlap, pt)) return null; // round the the computed point if needed
 
-             return rounder.round(pt.x, pt.y);
-           }
-           /**
-            * Split the given segment into multiple segments on the given points.
-            *  * Each existing segment will retain its leftSE and a new rightSE will be
-            *    generated for it.
-            *  * A new segment will be generated which will adopt the original segment's
-            *    rightSE, and a new leftSE will be generated for it.
-            *  * If there are more than two points given to split on, new segments
-            *    in the middle will be generated with new leftSE and rightSE's.
-            *  * An array of the newly generated SweepEvents will be returned.
-            *
-            * Warning: input array of points is modified
-            */
+         function timenonce(o) {
+           o.oauth_timestamp = ohauth.timestamp();
+           o.oauth_nonce = ohauth.nonce();
+           return o;
+         } // get/set tokens. These are prefixed with the base URL so that `osm-auth`
+         // can be used with multiple APIs and the keys in `localStorage`
+         // will not clash
 
-         }, {
-           key: "split",
-           value: function split(point) {
-             var newEvents = [];
-             var alreadyLinked = point.events !== undefined;
-             var newLeftSE = new SweepEvent$1(point, true);
-             var newRightSE = new SweepEvent$1(point, false);
-             var oldRightSE = this.rightSE;
-             this.replaceRightSE(newRightSE);
-             newEvents.push(newRightSE);
-             newEvents.push(newLeftSE);
-             var newSeg = new Segment(newLeftSE, oldRightSE, this.rings.slice(), this.windings.slice()); // when splitting a nearly vertical downward-facing segment,
-             // sometimes one of the resulting new segments is vertical, in which
-             // case its left and right events may need to be swapped
 
-             if (SweepEvent$1.comparePoints(newSeg.leftSE.point, newSeg.rightSE.point) > 0) {
-               newSeg.swapEvents();
-             }
+         var token;
 
-             if (SweepEvent$1.comparePoints(this.leftSE.point, this.rightSE.point) > 0) {
-               this.swapEvents();
-             } // in the point we just used to create new sweep events with was already
-             // linked to other events, we need to check if either of the affected
-             // segments should be consumed
+         if (store.enabled) {
+           token = function token(x, y) {
+             if (arguments.length === 1) return store.get(o.url + x);else if (arguments.length === 2) return store.set(o.url + x, y);
+           };
+         } else {
+           var storage = {};
 
+           token = function token(x, y) {
+             if (arguments.length === 1) return storage[o.url + x];else if (arguments.length === 2) return storage[o.url + x] = y;
+           };
+         } // Get an authentication object. If you just add and remove properties
+         // from a single object, you'll need to use `delete` to make sure that
+         // it doesn't contain undesired properties for authentication
 
-             if (alreadyLinked) {
-               newLeftSE.checkForConsuming();
-               newRightSE.checkForConsuming();
-             }
 
-             return newEvents;
-           }
-           /* Swap which event is left and right */
+         function getAuth(o) {
+           return {
+             oauth_consumer_key: o.oauth_consumer_key,
+             oauth_signature_method: 'HMAC-SHA1'
+           };
+         } // potentially pre-authorize
 
-         }, {
-           key: "swapEvents",
-           value: function swapEvents() {
-             var tmpEvt = this.rightSE;
-             this.rightSE = this.leftSE;
-             this.leftSE = tmpEvt;
-             this.leftSE.isLeft = true;
-             this.rightSE.isLeft = false;
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.windings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               this.windings[i] *= -1;
-             }
-           }
-           /* Consume another segment. We take their rings under our wing
-            * and mark them as consumed. Use for perfectly overlapping segments */
+         oauth.options(o);
+         return oauth;
+       };
 
-         }, {
-           key: "consume",
-           value: function consume(other) {
-             var consumer = this;
-             var consumee = other;
+       var tiler$2 = utilTiler();
+       var dispatch$2 = dispatch$8('apiStatusChange', 'authLoading', 'authDone', 'change', 'loading', 'loaded', 'loadedNotes');
+       var urlroot = 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
+       var oauth = osmAuth({
+         url: urlroot,
+         oauth_consumer_key: '5A043yRSEugj4DJ5TljuapfnrflWDte8jTOcWLlT',
+         oauth_secret: 'aB3jKq1TRsCOUrfOIZ6oQMEDmv2ptV76PA54NGLL',
+         loading: authLoading,
+         done: authDone
+       }); // hardcode default block of Google Maps
 
-             while (consumer.consumedBy) {
-               consumer = consumer.consumedBy;
-             }
+       var _imageryBlocklists = [/.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/];
+       var _tileCache = {
+         toLoad: {},
+         loaded: {},
+         inflight: {},
+         seen: {},
+         rtree: new RBush()
+       };
+       var _noteCache = {
+         toLoad: {},
+         loaded: {},
+         inflight: {},
+         inflightPost: {},
+         note: {},
+         closed: {},
+         rtree: new RBush()
+       };
+       var _userCache = {
+         toLoad: {},
+         user: {}
+       };
 
-             while (consumee.consumedBy) {
-               consumee = consumee.consumedBy;
-             }
+       var _cachedApiStatus;
 
-             var cmp = Segment.compare(consumer, consumee);
-             if (cmp === 0) return; // already consumed
-             // the winner of the consumption is the earlier segment
-             // according to sweep line ordering
+       var _changeset = {};
 
-             if (cmp > 0) {
-               var tmp = consumer;
-               consumer = consumee;
-               consumee = tmp;
-             } // make sure a segment doesn't consume it's prev
+       var _deferred = new Set();
 
+       var _connectionID = 1;
+       var _tileZoom = 16;
+       var _noteZoom = 12;
 
-             if (consumer.prev === consumee) {
-               var _tmp = consumer;
-               consumer = consumee;
-               consumee = _tmp;
-             }
+       var _rateLimitError;
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = consumee.rings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var ring = consumee.rings[i];
-               var winding = consumee.windings[i];
-               var index = consumer.rings.indexOf(ring);
+       var _userChangesets;
 
-               if (index === -1) {
-                 consumer.rings.push(ring);
-                 consumer.windings.push(winding);
-               } else consumer.windings[index] += winding;
-             }
+       var _userDetails;
 
-             consumee.rings = null;
-             consumee.windings = null;
-             consumee.consumedBy = consumer; // mark sweep events consumed as to maintain ordering in sweep event queue
+       var _off; // set a default but also load this from the API status
 
-             consumee.leftSE.consumedBy = consumer.leftSE;
-             consumee.rightSE.consumedBy = consumer.rightSE;
-           }
-           /* The first segment previous segment chain that is in the result */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "prevInResult",
-           value: function prevInResult() {
-             if (this._prevInResult !== undefined) return this._prevInResult;
-             if (!this.prev) this._prevInResult = null;else if (this.prev.isInResult()) this._prevInResult = this.prev;else this._prevInResult = this.prev.prevInResult();
-             return this._prevInResult;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "beforeState",
-           value: function beforeState() {
-             if (this._beforeState !== undefined) return this._beforeState;
-             if (!this.prev) this._beforeState = {
-               rings: [],
-               windings: [],
-               multiPolys: []
-             };else {
-               var seg = this.prev.consumedBy || this.prev;
-               this._beforeState = seg.afterState();
-             }
-             return this._beforeState;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "afterState",
-           value: function afterState() {
-             if (this._afterState !== undefined) return this._afterState;
-             var beforeState = this.beforeState();
-             this._afterState = {
-               rings: beforeState.rings.slice(0),
-               windings: beforeState.windings.slice(0),
-               multiPolys: []
-             };
-             var ringsAfter = this._afterState.rings;
-             var windingsAfter = this._afterState.windings;
-             var mpsAfter = this._afterState.multiPolys; // calculate ringsAfter, windingsAfter
+       var _maxWayNodes = 2000;
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.rings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var ring = this.rings[i];
-               var winding = this.windings[i];
-               var index = ringsAfter.indexOf(ring);
+       function authLoading() {
+         dispatch$2.call('authLoading');
+       }
 
-               if (index === -1) {
-                 ringsAfter.push(ring);
-                 windingsAfter.push(winding);
-               } else windingsAfter[index] += winding;
-             } // calcualte polysAfter
+       function authDone() {
+         dispatch$2.call('authDone');
+       }
 
+       function abortRequest$2(controllerOrXHR) {
+         if (controllerOrXHR) {
+           controllerOrXHR.abort();
+         }
+       }
 
-             var polysAfter = [];
-             var polysExclude = [];
+       function hasInflightRequests(cache) {
+         return Object.keys(cache.inflight).length;
+       }
 
-             for (var _i = 0, _iMax = ringsAfter.length; _i < _iMax; _i++) {
-               if (windingsAfter[_i] === 0) continue; // non-zero rule
+       function abortUnwantedRequests(cache, visibleTiles) {
+         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
+           if (cache.toLoad[k]) return;
+           if (visibleTiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k === tile.id;
+           })) return;
+           abortRequest$2(cache.inflight[k]);
+           delete cache.inflight[k];
+         });
+       }
 
-               var _ring = ringsAfter[_i];
-               var poly = _ring.poly;
-               if (polysExclude.indexOf(poly) !== -1) continue;
-               if (_ring.isExterior) polysAfter.push(poly);else {
-                 if (polysExclude.indexOf(poly) === -1) polysExclude.push(poly);
+       function getLoc(attrs) {
+         var lon = attrs.lon && attrs.lon.value;
+         var lat = attrs.lat && attrs.lat.value;
+         return [parseFloat(lon), parseFloat(lat)];
+       }
 
-                 var _index = polysAfter.indexOf(_ring.poly);
+       function getNodes(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('nd');
+         var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
 
-                 if (_index !== -1) polysAfter.splice(_index, 1);
-               }
-             } // calculate multiPolysAfter
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i].attributes.ref.value;
+         }
 
+         return nodes;
+       }
 
-             for (var _i2 = 0, _iMax2 = polysAfter.length; _i2 < _iMax2; _i2++) {
-               var mp = polysAfter[_i2].multiPoly;
-               if (mpsAfter.indexOf(mp) === -1) mpsAfter.push(mp);
-             }
+       function getNodesJSON(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.nodes;
+         var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
 
-             return this._afterState;
-           }
-           /* Is this segment part of the final result? */
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i];
+         }
 
-         }, {
-           key: "isInResult",
-           value: function isInResult() {
-             // if we've been consumed, we're not in the result
-             if (this.consumedBy) return false;
-             if (this._isInResult !== undefined) return this._isInResult;
-             var mpsBefore = this.beforeState().multiPolys;
-             var mpsAfter = this.afterState().multiPolys;
+         return nodes;
+       }
 
-             switch (operation.type) {
-               case 'union':
-                 {
-                   // UNION - included iff:
-                   //  * On one side of us there is 0 poly interiors AND
-                   //  * On the other side there is 1 or more.
-                   var noBefores = mpsBefore.length === 0;
-                   var noAfters = mpsAfter.length === 0;
-                   this._isInResult = noBefores !== noAfters;
-                   break;
-                 }
+       function getTags(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('tag');
+         var tags = {};
 
-               case 'intersection':
-                 {
-                   // INTERSECTION - included iff:
-                   //  * on one side of us all multipolys are rep. with poly interiors AND
-                   //  * on the other side of us, not all multipolys are repsented
-                   //    with poly interiors
-                   var least;
-                   var most;
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
+           tags[attrs.k.value] = attrs.v.value;
+         }
 
-                   if (mpsBefore.length < mpsAfter.length) {
-                     least = mpsBefore.length;
-                     most = mpsAfter.length;
-                   } else {
-                     least = mpsAfter.length;
-                     most = mpsBefore.length;
-                   }
+         return tags;
+       }
 
-                   this._isInResult = most === operation.numMultiPolys && least < most;
-                   break;
-                 }
+       function getMembers(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('member');
+         var members = new Array(elems.length);
 
-               case 'xor':
-                 {
-                   // XOR - included iff:
-                   //  * the difference between the number of multipolys represented
-                   //    with poly interiors on our two sides is an odd number
-                   var diff = Math.abs(mpsBefore.length - mpsAfter.length);
-                   this._isInResult = diff % 2 === 1;
-                   break;
-                 }
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
+           members[i] = {
+             id: attrs.type.value[0] + attrs.ref.value,
+             type: attrs.type.value,
+             role: attrs.role.value
+           };
+         }
 
-               case 'difference':
-                 {
-                   // DIFFERENCE included iff:
-                   //  * on exactly one side, we have just the subject
-                   var isJustSubject = function isJustSubject(mps) {
-                     return mps.length === 1 && mps[0].isSubject;
-                   };
+         return members;
+       }
 
-                   this._isInResult = isJustSubject(mpsBefore) !== isJustSubject(mpsAfter);
-                   break;
-                 }
+       function getMembersJSON(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.members;
+         var members = new Array(elems.length);
 
-               default:
-                 throw new Error("Unrecognized operation type found ".concat(operation.type));
-             }
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           var attrs = elems[i];
+           members[i] = {
+             id: attrs.type[0] + attrs.ref,
+             type: attrs.type,
+             role: attrs.role
+           };
+         }
 
-             return this._isInResult;
-           }
-         }], [{
-           key: "fromRing",
-           value: function fromRing(pt1, pt2, ring) {
-             var leftPt, rightPt, winding; // ordering the two points according to sweep line ordering
+         return members;
+       }
 
-             var cmpPts = SweepEvent$1.comparePoints(pt1, pt2);
+       function getVisible(attrs) {
+         return !attrs.visible || attrs.visible.value !== 'false';
+       }
 
-             if (cmpPts < 0) {
-               leftPt = pt1;
-               rightPt = pt2;
-               winding = 1;
-             } else if (cmpPts > 0) {
-               leftPt = pt2;
-               rightPt = pt1;
-               winding = -1;
-             } else throw new Error("Tried to create degenerate segment at [".concat(pt1.x, ", ").concat(pt1.y, "]"));
+       function parseComments(comments) {
+         var parsedComments = []; // for each comment
 
-             var leftSE = new SweepEvent$1(leftPt, true);
-             var rightSE = new SweepEvent$1(rightPt, false);
-             return new Segment(leftSE, rightSE, [ring], [winding]);
-           }
-         }]);
+         for (var i = 0; i < comments.length; i++) {
+           var comment = comments[i];
 
-         return Segment;
-       }();
+           if (comment.nodeName === 'comment') {
+             var childNodes = comment.childNodes;
+             var parsedComment = {};
 
-       var RingIn = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function RingIn(geomRing, poly, isExterior) {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, RingIn);
+             for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
+               var node = childNodes[j];
+               var nodeName = node.nodeName;
+               if (nodeName === '#text') continue;
+               parsedComment[nodeName] = node.textContent;
 
-           if (!Array.isArray(geomRing) || geomRing.length === 0) {
-             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
-           }
+               if (nodeName === 'uid') {
+                 var uid = node.textContent;
 
-           this.poly = poly;
-           this.isExterior = isExterior;
-           this.segments = [];
+                 if (uid && !_userCache.user[uid]) {
+                   _userCache.toLoad[uid] = true;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           if (typeof geomRing[0][0] !== 'number' || typeof geomRing[0][1] !== 'number') {
-             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+             if (parsedComment) {
+               parsedComments.push(parsedComment);
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           var firstPoint = rounder.round(geomRing[0][0], geomRing[0][1]);
-           this.bbox = {
-             ll: {
-               x: firstPoint.x,
-               y: firstPoint.y
-             },
-             ur: {
-               x: firstPoint.x,
-               y: firstPoint.y
-             }
+         return parsedComments;
+       }
+
+       function encodeNoteRtree(note) {
+         return {
+           minX: note.loc[0],
+           minY: note.loc[1],
+           maxX: note.loc[0],
+           maxY: note.loc[1],
+           data: note
+         };
+       }
+
+       var jsonparsers = {
+         node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
+           return new osmNode({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
+             version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
+             changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
+             timestamp: obj.timestamp,
+             user: obj.user,
+             uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
+             loc: [parseFloat(obj.lon), parseFloat(obj.lat)],
+             tags: obj.tags
+           });
+         },
+         way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
+           return new osmWay({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
+             version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
+             changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
+             timestamp: obj.timestamp,
+             user: obj.user,
+             uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
+             tags: obj.tags,
+             nodes: getNodesJSON(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
+           return new osmRelation({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
+             version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
+             changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
+             timestamp: obj.timestamp,
+             user: obj.user,
+             uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
+             tags: obj.tags,
+             members: getMembersJSON(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         user: function parseUser(obj, uid) {
+           return {
+             id: uid,
+             display_name: obj.display_name,
+             account_created: obj.account_created,
+             image_url: obj.img && obj.img.href,
+             changesets_count: obj.changesets && obj.changesets.count && obj.changesets.count.toString() || '0',
+             active_blocks: obj.blocks && obj.blocks.received && obj.blocks.received.active && obj.blocks.received.active.toString() || '0'
            };
-           var prevPoint = firstPoint;
+         }
+       };
 
-           for (var i = 1, iMax = geomRing.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-             if (typeof geomRing[i][0] !== 'number' || typeof geomRing[i][1] !== 'number') {
-               throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
-             }
+       function parseJSON(payload, callback, options) {
+         options = Object.assign({
+           skipSeen: true
+         }, options);
 
-             var point = rounder.round(geomRing[i][0], geomRing[i][1]); // skip repeated points
+         if (!payload) {
+           return callback({
+             message: 'No JSON',
+             status: -1
+           });
+         }
 
-             if (point.x === prevPoint.x && point.y === prevPoint.y) continue;
-             this.segments.push(Segment.fromRing(prevPoint, point, this));
-             if (point.x < this.bbox.ll.x) this.bbox.ll.x = point.x;
-             if (point.y < this.bbox.ll.y) this.bbox.ll.y = point.y;
-             if (point.x > this.bbox.ur.x) this.bbox.ur.x = point.x;
-             if (point.y > this.bbox.ur.y) this.bbox.ur.y = point.y;
-             prevPoint = point;
-           } // add segment from last to first if last is not the same as first
+         var json = payload;
+         if (_typeof(json) !== 'object') json = JSON.parse(payload);
+         if (!json.elements) return callback({
+           message: 'No JSON',
+           status: -1
+         });
+         var children = json.elements;
+         var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+           _deferred["delete"](handle);
 
+           var results = [];
+           var result;
 
-           if (firstPoint.x !== prevPoint.x || firstPoint.y !== prevPoint.y) {
-             this.segments.push(Segment.fromRing(prevPoint, firstPoint, this));
+           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+             result = parseChild(children[i]);
+             if (result) results.push(result);
            }
-         }
 
-         _createClass$1(RingIn, [{
-           key: "getSweepEvents",
-           value: function getSweepEvents() {
-             var sweepEvents = [];
+           callback(null, results);
+         });
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.segments.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var segment = this.segments[i];
-               sweepEvents.push(segment.leftSE);
-               sweepEvents.push(segment.rightSE);
-             }
+         _deferred.add(handle);
 
-             return sweepEvents;
+         function parseChild(child) {
+           var parser = jsonparsers[child.type];
+           if (!parser) return null;
+           var uid;
+           uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.type, child.id);
+
+           if (options.skipSeen) {
+             if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) return null; // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
+
+             _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
            }
-         }]);
 
-         return RingIn;
-       }();
+           return parser(child, uid);
+         }
+       }
 
-       var PolyIn = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function PolyIn(geomPoly, multiPoly) {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, PolyIn);
+       function parseUserJSON(payload, callback, options) {
+         options = Object.assign({
+           skipSeen: true
+         }, options);
 
-           if (!Array.isArray(geomPoly)) {
-             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+         if (!payload) {
+           return callback({
+             message: 'No JSON',
+             status: -1
+           });
+         }
+
+         var json = payload;
+         if (_typeof(json) !== 'object') json = JSON.parse(payload);
+         if (!json.users && !json.user) return callback({
+           message: 'No JSON',
+           status: -1
+         });
+         var objs = json.users || [json];
+         var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+           _deferred["delete"](handle);
+
+           var results = [];
+           var result;
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < objs.length; i++) {
+             result = parseObj(objs[i]);
+             if (result) results.push(result);
            }
 
-           this.exteriorRing = new RingIn(geomPoly[0], this, true); // copy by value
+           callback(null, results);
+         });
 
-           this.bbox = {
-             ll: {
-               x: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ll.x,
-               y: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ll.y
-             },
-             ur: {
-               x: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ur.x,
-               y: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ur.y
-             }
-           };
-           this.interiorRings = [];
+         _deferred.add(handle);
 
-           for (var i = 1, iMax = geomPoly.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-             var ring = new RingIn(geomPoly[i], this, false);
-             if (ring.bbox.ll.x < this.bbox.ll.x) this.bbox.ll.x = ring.bbox.ll.x;
-             if (ring.bbox.ll.y < this.bbox.ll.y) this.bbox.ll.y = ring.bbox.ll.y;
-             if (ring.bbox.ur.x > this.bbox.ur.x) this.bbox.ur.x = ring.bbox.ur.x;
-             if (ring.bbox.ur.y > this.bbox.ur.y) this.bbox.ur.y = ring.bbox.ur.y;
-             this.interiorRings.push(ring);
+         function parseObj(obj) {
+           var uid = obj.user.id && obj.user.id.toString();
+
+           if (options.skipSeen && _userCache.user[uid]) {
+             delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+             return null;
            }
 
-           this.multiPoly = multiPoly;
+           var user = jsonparsers.user(obj.user, uid);
+           _userCache.user[uid] = user;
+           delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+           return user;
          }
+       }
 
-         _createClass$1(PolyIn, [{
-           key: "getSweepEvents",
-           value: function getSweepEvents() {
-             var sweepEvents = this.exteriorRing.getSweepEvents();
+       var parsers = {
+         node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           return new osmNode({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: getVisible(attrs),
+             version: attrs.version.value,
+             changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
+             timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
+             user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
+             uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
+             loc: getLoc(attrs),
+             tags: getTags(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           return new osmWay({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: getVisible(attrs),
+             version: attrs.version.value,
+             changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
+             timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
+             user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
+             uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
+             tags: getTags(obj),
+             nodes: getNodes(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           return new osmRelation({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: getVisible(attrs),
+             version: attrs.version.value,
+             changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
+             timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
+             user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
+             uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
+             tags: getTags(obj),
+             members: getMembers(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         note: function parseNote(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           var childNodes = obj.childNodes;
+           var props = {};
+           props.id = uid;
+           props.loc = getLoc(attrs); // if notes are coincident, move them apart slightly
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.interiorRings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var ringSweepEvents = this.interiorRings[i].getSweepEvents();
+           var coincident = false;
+           var epsilon = 0.00001;
 
-               for (var j = 0, jMax = ringSweepEvents.length; j < jMax; j++) {
-                 sweepEvents.push(ringSweepEvents[j]);
-               }
+           do {
+             if (coincident) {
+               props.loc = geoVecAdd(props.loc, [epsilon, epsilon]);
              }
 
-             return sweepEvents;
+             var bbox = geoExtent(props.loc).bbox();
+             coincident = _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
+           } while (coincident); // parse note contents
+
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < childNodes.length; i++) {
+             var node = childNodes[i];
+             var nodeName = node.nodeName;
+             if (nodeName === '#text') continue; // if the element is comments, parse the comments
+
+             if (nodeName === 'comments') {
+               props[nodeName] = parseComments(node.childNodes);
+             } else {
+               props[nodeName] = node.textContent;
+             }
            }
-         }]);
 
-         return PolyIn;
-       }();
+           var note = new osmNote(props);
+           var item = encodeNoteRtree(note);
+           _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
 
-       var MultiPolyIn = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function MultiPolyIn(geom, isSubject) {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, MultiPolyIn);
+           _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);
 
-           if (!Array.isArray(geom)) {
-             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+           return note;
+         },
+         user: function parseUser(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           var user = {
+             id: uid,
+             display_name: attrs.display_name && attrs.display_name.value,
+             account_created: attrs.account_created && attrs.account_created.value,
+             changesets_count: '0',
+             active_blocks: '0'
+           };
+           var img = obj.getElementsByTagName('img');
+
+           if (img && img[0] && img[0].getAttribute('href')) {
+             user.image_url = img[0].getAttribute('href');
            }
 
-           try {
-             // if the input looks like a polygon, convert it to a multipolygon
-             if (typeof geom[0][0][0] === 'number') geom = [geom];
-           } catch (ex) {// The input is either malformed or has empty arrays.
-             // In either case, it will be handled later on.
+           var changesets = obj.getElementsByTagName('changesets');
+
+           if (changesets && changesets[0] && changesets[0].getAttribute('count')) {
+             user.changesets_count = changesets[0].getAttribute('count');
            }
 
-           this.polys = [];
-           this.bbox = {
-             ll: {
-               x: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
-               y: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
-             },
-             ur: {
-               x: Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
-               y: Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
-             }
-           };
+           var blocks = obj.getElementsByTagName('blocks');
 
-           for (var i = 0, iMax = geom.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-             var poly = new PolyIn(geom[i], this);
-             if (poly.bbox.ll.x < this.bbox.ll.x) this.bbox.ll.x = poly.bbox.ll.x;
-             if (poly.bbox.ll.y < this.bbox.ll.y) this.bbox.ll.y = poly.bbox.ll.y;
-             if (poly.bbox.ur.x > this.bbox.ur.x) this.bbox.ur.x = poly.bbox.ur.x;
-             if (poly.bbox.ur.y > this.bbox.ur.y) this.bbox.ur.y = poly.bbox.ur.y;
-             this.polys.push(poly);
+           if (blocks && blocks[0]) {
+             var received = blocks[0].getElementsByTagName('received');
+
+             if (received && received[0] && received[0].getAttribute('active')) {
+               user.active_blocks = received[0].getAttribute('active');
+             }
            }
 
-           this.isSubject = isSubject;
+           _userCache.user[uid] = user;
+           delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+           return user;
          }
+       };
 
-         _createClass$1(MultiPolyIn, [{
-           key: "getSweepEvents",
-           value: function getSweepEvents() {
-             var sweepEvents = [];
+       function parseXML(xml, callback, options) {
+         options = Object.assign({
+           skipSeen: true
+         }, options);
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.polys.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var polySweepEvents = this.polys[i].getSweepEvents();
+         if (!xml || !xml.childNodes) {
+           return callback({
+             message: 'No XML',
+             status: -1
+           });
+         }
 
-               for (var j = 0, jMax = polySweepEvents.length; j < jMax; j++) {
-                 sweepEvents.push(polySweepEvents[j]);
-               }
-             }
+         var root = xml.childNodes[0];
+         var children = root.childNodes;
+         var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+           _deferred["delete"](handle);
 
-             return sweepEvents;
+           var results = [];
+           var result;
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+             result = parseChild(children[i]);
+             if (result) results.push(result);
            }
-         }]);
 
-         return MultiPolyIn;
-       }();
+           callback(null, results);
+         });
 
-       var RingOut = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         _createClass$1(RingOut, null, [{
-           key: "factory",
+         _deferred.add(handle);
 
-           /* Given the segments from the sweep line pass, compute & return a series
-            * of closed rings from all the segments marked to be part of the result */
-           value: function factory(allSegments) {
-             var ringsOut = [];
+         function parseChild(child) {
+           var parser = parsers[child.nodeName];
+           if (!parser) return null;
+           var uid;
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = allSegments.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var segment = allSegments[i];
-               if (!segment.isInResult() || segment.ringOut) continue;
-               var prevEvent = null;
-               var event = segment.leftSE;
-               var nextEvent = segment.rightSE;
-               var events = [event];
-               var startingPoint = event.point;
-               var intersectionLEs = [];
-               /* Walk the chain of linked events to form a closed ring */
+           if (child.nodeName === 'user') {
+             uid = child.attributes.id.value;
 
-               while (true) {
-                 prevEvent = event;
-                 event = nextEvent;
-                 events.push(event);
-                 /* Is the ring complete? */
+             if (options.skipSeen && _userCache.user[uid]) {
+               delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+               return null;
+             }
+           } else if (child.nodeName === 'note') {
+             uid = child.getElementsByTagName('id')[0].textContent;
+           } else {
+             uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.nodeName, child.attributes.id.value);
 
-                 if (event.point === startingPoint) break;
+             if (options.skipSeen) {
+               if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) return null; // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
 
-                 while (true) {
-                   var availableLEs = event.getAvailableLinkedEvents();
-                   /* Did we hit a dead end? This shouldn't happen. Indicates some earlier
-                    * part of the algorithm malfunctioned... please file a bug report. */
+               _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   if (availableLEs.length === 0) {
-                     var firstPt = events[0].point;
-                     var lastPt = events[events.length - 1].point;
-                     throw new Error("Unable to complete output ring starting at [".concat(firstPt.x, ",") + " ".concat(firstPt.y, "]. Last matching segment found ends at") + " [".concat(lastPt.x, ", ").concat(lastPt.y, "]."));
-                   }
-                   /* Only one way to go, so cotinue on the path */
+           return parser(child, uid);
+         }
+       } // replace or remove note from rtree
 
 
-                   if (availableLEs.length === 1) {
-                     nextEvent = availableLEs[0].otherSE;
-                     break;
-                   }
-                   /* We must have an intersection. Check for a completed loop */
+       function updateRtree(item, replace) {
+         _noteCache.rtree.remove(item, function isEql(a, b) {
+           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
+         });
 
+         if (replace) {
+           _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);
+         }
+       }
 
-                   var indexLE = null;
+       function wrapcb(thisArg, callback, cid) {
+         return function (err, result) {
+           if (err) {
+             // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
+             if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
+               thisArg.logout();
+             }
 
-                   for (var j = 0, jMax = intersectionLEs.length; j < jMax; j++) {
-                     if (intersectionLEs[j].point === event.point) {
-                       indexLE = j;
-                       break;
-                     }
-                   }
-                   /* Found a completed loop. Cut that off and make a ring */
+             return callback.call(thisArg, err);
+           } else if (thisArg.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
+             return callback.call(thisArg, {
+               message: 'Connection Switched',
+               status: -1
+             });
+           } else {
+             return callback.call(thisArg, err, result);
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
+       var serviceOsm = {
+         init: function init() {
+           utilRebind(this, dispatch$2, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
+             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
 
-                   if (indexLE !== null) {
-                     var intersectionLE = intersectionLEs.splice(indexLE)[0];
-                     var ringEvents = events.splice(intersectionLE.index);
-                     ringEvents.unshift(ringEvents[0].otherSE);
-                     ringsOut.push(new RingOut(ringEvents.reverse()));
-                     continue;
-                   }
-                   /* register the intersection */
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+           });
+           _connectionID++;
+           _userChangesets = undefined;
+           _userDetails = undefined;
+           _rateLimitError = undefined;
+           Object.values(_tileCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$2);
+           Object.values(_noteCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$2);
+           Object.values(_noteCache.inflightPost).forEach(abortRequest$2);
+           if (_changeset.inflight) abortRequest$2(_changeset.inflight);
+           _tileCache = {
+             toLoad: {},
+             loaded: {},
+             inflight: {},
+             seen: {},
+             rtree: new RBush()
+           };
+           _noteCache = {
+             toLoad: {},
+             loaded: {},
+             inflight: {},
+             inflightPost: {},
+             note: {},
+             closed: {},
+             rtree: new RBush()
+           };
+           _userCache = {
+             toLoad: {},
+             user: {}
+           };
+           _cachedApiStatus = undefined;
+           _changeset = {};
+           return this;
+         },
+         getConnectionId: function getConnectionId() {
+           return _connectionID;
+         },
+         changesetURL: function changesetURL(changesetID) {
+           return urlroot + '/changeset/' + changesetID;
+         },
+         changesetsURL: function changesetsURL(center, zoom) {
+           var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
+           return urlroot + '/history#map=' + Math.floor(zoom) + '/' + center[1].toFixed(precision) + '/' + center[0].toFixed(precision);
+         },
+         entityURL: function entityURL(entity) {
+           return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId();
+         },
+         historyURL: function historyURL(entity) {
+           return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId() + '/history';
+         },
+         userURL: function userURL(username) {
+           return urlroot + '/user/' + username;
+         },
+         noteURL: function noteURL(note) {
+           return urlroot + '/note/' + note.id;
+         },
+         noteReportURL: function noteReportURL(note) {
+           return urlroot + '/reports/new?reportable_type=Note&reportable_id=' + note.id;
+         },
+         // Generic method to load data from the OSM API
+         // Can handle either auth or unauth calls.
+         loadFromAPI: function loadFromAPI(path, callback, options) {
+           options = Object.assign({
+             skipSeen: true
+           }, options);
+           var that = this;
+           var cid = _connectionID;
 
+           function done(err, payload) {
+             if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
+               if (callback) callback({
+                 message: 'Connection Switched',
+                 status: -1
+               });
+               return;
+             }
 
-                   intersectionLEs.push({
-                     index: events.length,
-                     point: event.point
-                   });
-                   /* Choose the left-most option to continue the walk */
+             var isAuthenticated = that.authenticated(); // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden
+             // Logout and retry the request..
 
-                   var comparator = event.getLeftmostComparator(prevEvent);
-                   nextEvent = availableLEs.sort(comparator)[0].otherSE;
-                   break;
-                 }
+             if (isAuthenticated && err && err.status && (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403)) {
+               that.logout();
+               that.loadFromAPI(path, callback, options); // else, no retry..
+             } else {
+               // 509 Bandwidth Limit Exceeded, 429 Too Many Requests
+               // Set the rateLimitError flag and trigger a warning..
+               if (!isAuthenticated && !_rateLimitError && err && err.status && (err.status === 509 || err.status === 429)) {
+                 _rateLimitError = err;
+                 dispatch$2.call('change');
+                 that.reloadApiStatus();
+               } else if (err && _cachedApiStatus === 'online' || !err && _cachedApiStatus !== 'online') {
+                 // If the response's error state doesn't match the status,
+                 // it's likely we lost or gained the connection so reload the status
+                 that.reloadApiStatus();
                }
 
-               ringsOut.push(new RingOut(events));
+               if (callback) {
+                 if (err) {
+                   return callback(err);
+                 } else {
+                   if (path.indexOf('.json') !== -1) {
+                     return parseJSON(payload, callback, options);
+                   } else {
+                     return parseXML(payload, callback, options);
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
              }
-
-             return ringsOut;
            }
-         }]);
-
-         function RingOut(events) {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, RingOut);
 
-           this.events = events;
+           if (this.authenticated()) {
+             return oauth.xhr({
+               method: 'GET',
+               path: path
+             }, done);
+           } else {
+             var url = urlroot + path;
+             var controller = new AbortController();
+             var fn;
 
-           for (var i = 0, iMax = events.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-             events[i].segment.ringOut = this;
-           }
+             if (path.indexOf('.json') !== -1) {
+               fn = d3_json;
+             } else {
+               fn = d3_xml;
+             }
 
-           this.poly = null;
-         }
+             fn(url, {
+               signal: controller.signal
+             }).then(function (data) {
+               done(null, data);
+             })["catch"](function (err) {
+               if (err.name === 'AbortError') return; // d3-fetch includes status in the error message,
+               // but we can't access the response itself
+               // https://github.com/d3/d3-fetch/issues/27
 
-         _createClass$1(RingOut, [{
-           key: "getGeom",
-           value: function getGeom() {
-             // Remove superfluous points (ie extra points along a straight line),
-             var prevPt = this.events[0].point;
-             var points = [prevPt];
+               var match = err.message.match(/^\d{3}/);
 
-             for (var i = 1, iMax = this.events.length - 1; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var _pt = this.events[i].point;
-               var _nextPt = this.events[i + 1].point;
-               if (compareVectorAngles(_pt, prevPt, _nextPt) === 0) continue;
-               points.push(_pt);
-               prevPt = _pt;
-             } // ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
+               if (match) {
+                 done({
+                   status: +match[0],
+                   statusText: err.message
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 done(err.message);
+               }
+             });
+             return controller;
+           }
+         },
+         // Load a single entity by id (ways and relations use the `/full` call to include
+         // nodes and members). Parent relations are not included, see `loadEntityRelations`.
+         // GET /api/0.6/node/#id
+         // GET /api/0.6/[way|relation]/#id/full
+         loadEntity: function loadEntity(id, callback) {
+           var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
+           var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
+           var options = {
+             skipSeen: false
+           };
+           this.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + (type !== 'node' ? '/full' : '') + '.json', function (err, entities) {
+             if (callback) callback(err, {
+               data: entities
+             });
+           }, options);
+         },
+         // Load a single entity with a specific version
+         // GET /api/0.6/[node|way|relation]/#id/#version
+         loadEntityVersion: function loadEntityVersion(id, version, callback) {
+           var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
+           var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
+           var options = {
+             skipSeen: false
+           };
+           this.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + '/' + version + '.json', function (err, entities) {
+             if (callback) callback(err, {
+               data: entities
+             });
+           }, options);
+         },
+         // Load the relations of a single entity with the given.
+         // GET /api/0.6/[node|way|relation]/#id/relations
+         loadEntityRelations: function loadEntityRelations(id, callback) {
+           var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
+           var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
+           var options = {
+             skipSeen: false
+           };
+           this.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + '/relations.json', function (err, entities) {
+             if (callback) callback(err, {
+               data: entities
+             });
+           }, options);
+         },
+         // Load multiple entities in chunks
+         // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
+         // Unlike `loadEntity`, child nodes and members are not fetched
+         // GET /api/0.6/[nodes|ways|relations]?#parameters
+         loadMultiple: function loadMultiple(ids, callback) {
+           var that = this;
+           var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(utilArrayUniq(ids), osmEntity.id.type);
+           Object.keys(groups).forEach(function (k) {
+             var type = k + 's'; // nodes, ways, relations
 
+             var osmIDs = groups[k].map(function (id) {
+               return osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
+             });
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             utilArrayChunk(osmIDs, 150).forEach(function (arr) {
+               that.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '.json?' + type + '=' + arr.join(), function (err, entities) {
+                 if (callback) callback(err, {
+                   data: entities
+                 });
+               }, options);
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         // Create, upload, and close a changeset
+         // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/create
+         // POST /api/0.6/changeset/#id/upload
+         // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/#id/close
+         putChangeset: function putChangeset(changeset, changes, callback) {
+           var cid = _connectionID;
 
-             if (points.length === 1) return null; // check if the starting point is necessary
+           if (_changeset.inflight) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Changeset already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, changeset);
+           } else if (_changeset.open) {
+             // reuse existing open changeset..
+             return createdChangeset.call(this, null, _changeset.open);
+           } else {
+             // Open a new changeset..
+             var options = {
+               method: 'PUT',
+               path: '/api/0.6/changeset/create',
+               options: {
+                 header: {
+                   'Content-Type': 'text/xml'
+                 }
+               },
+               content: JXON.stringify(changeset.asJXON())
+             };
+             _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(options, wrapcb(this, createdChangeset, cid));
+           }
 
-             var pt = points[0];
-             var nextPt = points[1];
-             if (compareVectorAngles(pt, prevPt, nextPt) === 0) points.shift();
-             points.push(points[0]);
-             var step = this.isExteriorRing() ? 1 : -1;
-             var iStart = this.isExteriorRing() ? 0 : points.length - 1;
-             var iEnd = this.isExteriorRing() ? points.length : -1;
-             var orderedPoints = [];
+           function createdChangeset(err, changesetID) {
+             _changeset.inflight = null;
 
-             for (var _i = iStart; _i != iEnd; _i += step) {
-               orderedPoints.push([points[_i].x, points[_i].y]);
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err, changeset);
              }
 
-             return orderedPoints;
+             _changeset.open = changesetID;
+             changeset = changeset.update({
+               id: changesetID
+             }); // Upload the changeset..
+
+             var options = {
+               method: 'POST',
+               path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changesetID + '/upload',
+               options: {
+                 header: {
+                   'Content-Type': 'text/xml'
+                 }
+               },
+               content: JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes))
+             };
+             _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(options, wrapcb(this, uploadedChangeset, cid));
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "isExteriorRing",
-           value: function isExteriorRing() {
-             if (this._isExteriorRing === undefined) {
-               var enclosing = this.enclosingRing();
-               this._isExteriorRing = enclosing ? !enclosing.isExteriorRing() : true;
-             }
 
-             return this._isExteriorRing;
+           function uploadedChangeset(err) {
+             _changeset.inflight = null;
+             if (err) return callback(err, changeset); // Upload was successful, safe to call the callback.
+             // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
+
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               callback(null, changeset);
+             }, 2500);
+             _changeset.open = null; // At this point, we don't really care if the connection was switched..
+             // Only try to close the changeset if we're still talking to the same server.
+
+             if (this.getConnectionId() === cid) {
+               // Still attempt to close changeset, but ignore response because #2667
+               oauth.xhr({
+                 method: 'PUT',
+                 path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changeset.id + '/close',
+                 options: {
+                   header: {
+                     'Content-Type': 'text/xml'
+                   }
+                 }
+               }, function () {
+                 return true;
+               });
+             }
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "enclosingRing",
-           value: function enclosingRing() {
-             if (this._enclosingRing === undefined) {
-               this._enclosingRing = this._calcEnclosingRing();
+         },
+         // Load multiple users in chunks
+         // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
+         // GET /api/0.6/users?users=#id1,#id2,...,#idn
+         loadUsers: function loadUsers(uids, callback) {
+           var toLoad = [];
+           var cached = [];
+           utilArrayUniq(uids).forEach(function (uid) {
+             if (_userCache.user[uid]) {
+               delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+               cached.push(_userCache.user[uid]);
+             } else {
+               toLoad.push(uid);
              }
+           });
 
-             return this._enclosingRing;
+           if (cached.length || !this.authenticated()) {
+             callback(undefined, cached);
+             if (!this.authenticated()) return; // require auth
            }
-           /* Returns the ring that encloses this one, if any */
-
-         }, {
-           key: "_calcEnclosingRing",
-           value: function _calcEnclosingRing() {
-             // start with the ealier sweep line event so that the prevSeg
-             // chain doesn't lead us inside of a loop of ours
-             var leftMostEvt = this.events[0];
-
-             for (var i = 1, iMax = this.events.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var evt = this.events[i];
-               if (SweepEvent$1.compare(leftMostEvt, evt) > 0) leftMostEvt = evt;
-             }
 
-             var prevSeg = leftMostEvt.segment.prevInResult();
-             var prevPrevSeg = prevSeg ? prevSeg.prevInResult() : null;
+           utilArrayChunk(toLoad, 150).forEach(function (arr) {
+             oauth.xhr({
+               method: 'GET',
+               path: '/api/0.6/users.json?users=' + arr.join()
+             }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
+           }.bind(this));
 
-             while (true) {
-               // no segment found, thus no ring can enclose us
-               if (!prevSeg) return null; // no segments below prev segment found, thus the ring of the prev
-               // segment must loop back around and enclose us
+           function done(err, payload) {
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: true
+             };
+             return parseUserJSON(payload, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) return callback(err);
+               return callback(undefined, results);
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         // Load a given user by id
+         // GET /api/0.6/user/#id
+         loadUser: function loadUser(uid, callback) {
+           if (_userCache.user[uid] || !this.authenticated()) {
+             // require auth
+             delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+             return callback(undefined, _userCache.user[uid]);
+           }
 
-               if (!prevPrevSeg) return prevSeg.ringOut; // if the two segments are of different rings, the ring of the prev
-               // segment must either loop around us or the ring of the prev prev
-               // seg, which would make us and the ring of the prev peers
+           oauth.xhr({
+             method: 'GET',
+             path: '/api/0.6/user/' + uid + '.json'
+           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
 
-               if (prevPrevSeg.ringOut !== prevSeg.ringOut) {
-                 if (prevPrevSeg.ringOut.enclosingRing() !== prevSeg.ringOut) {
-                   return prevSeg.ringOut;
-                 } else return prevSeg.ringOut.enclosingRing();
-               } // two segments are from the same ring, so this was a penisula
-               // of that ring. iterate downward, keep searching
+           function done(err, payload) {
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: true
+             };
+             return parseUserJSON(payload, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) return callback(err);
+               return callback(undefined, results[0]);
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         // Load the details of the logged-in user
+         // GET /api/0.6/user/details
+         userDetails: function userDetails(callback) {
+           if (_userDetails) {
+             // retrieve cached
+             return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
+           }
 
+           oauth.xhr({
+             method: 'GET',
+             path: '/api/0.6/user/details.json'
+           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
 
-               prevSeg = prevPrevSeg.prevInResult();
-               prevPrevSeg = prevSeg ? prevSeg.prevInResult() : null;
-             }
+           function done(err, payload) {
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             return parseUserJSON(payload, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) return callback(err);
+               _userDetails = results[0];
+               return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         // Load previous changesets for the logged in user
+         // GET /api/0.6/changesets?user=#id
+         userChangesets: function userChangesets(callback) {
+           if (_userChangesets) {
+             // retrieve cached
+             return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
            }
-         }]);
-
-         return RingOut;
-       }();
 
-       var PolyOut = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function PolyOut(exteriorRing) {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, PolyOut);
+           this.userDetails(wrapcb(this, gotDetails, _connectionID));
 
-           this.exteriorRing = exteriorRing;
-           exteriorRing.poly = this;
-           this.interiorRings = [];
-         }
+           function gotDetails(err, user) {
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
+             }
 
-         _createClass$1(PolyOut, [{
-           key: "addInterior",
-           value: function addInterior(ring) {
-             this.interiorRings.push(ring);
-             ring.poly = this;
+             oauth.xhr({
+               method: 'GET',
+               path: '/api/0.6/changesets?user=' + user.id
+             }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
            }
-         }, {
-           key: "getGeom",
-           value: function getGeom() {
-             var geom = [this.exteriorRing.getGeom()]; // exterior ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
-
-             if (geom[0] === null) return null;
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.interiorRings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var ringGeom = this.interiorRings[i].getGeom(); // interior ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
-
-               if (ringGeom === null) continue;
-               geom.push(ringGeom);
+           function done(err, xml) {
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
              }
 
-             return geom;
+             _userChangesets = Array.prototype.map.call(xml.getElementsByTagName('changeset'), function (changeset) {
+               return {
+                 tags: getTags(changeset)
+               };
+             }).filter(function (changeset) {
+               var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
+               return comment && comment !== '';
+             });
+             return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
            }
-         }]);
-
-         return PolyOut;
-       }();
+         },
+         // Fetch the status of the OSM API
+         // GET /api/capabilities
+         status: function status(callback) {
+           var url = urlroot + '/api/capabilities';
+           var errback = wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID);
+           d3_xml(url).then(function (data) {
+             errback(null, data);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             errback(err.message);
+           });
 
-       var MultiPolyOut = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function MultiPolyOut(rings) {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, MultiPolyOut);
+           function done(err, xml) {
+             if (err) {
+               // the status is null if no response could be retrieved
+               return callback(err, null);
+             } // update blocklists
 
-           this.rings = rings;
-           this.polys = this._composePolys(rings);
-         }
 
-         _createClass$1(MultiPolyOut, [{
-           key: "getGeom",
-           value: function getGeom() {
-             var geom = [];
+             var elements = xml.getElementsByTagName('blacklist');
+             var regexes = [];
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.polys.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var polyGeom = this.polys[i].getGeom(); // exterior ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
+             for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+               var regexString = elements[i].getAttribute('regex'); // needs unencode?
 
-               if (polyGeom === null) continue;
-               geom.push(polyGeom);
+               if (regexString) {
+                 try {
+                   var regex = new RegExp(regexString);
+                   regexes.push(regex);
+                 } catch (e) {
+                   /* noop */
+                 }
+               }
              }
 
-             return geom;
-           }
-         }, {
-           key: "_composePolys",
-           value: function _composePolys(rings) {
-             var polys = [];
-
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = rings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               var ring = rings[i];
-               if (ring.poly) continue;
-               if (ring.isExteriorRing()) polys.push(new PolyOut(ring));else {
-                 var enclosingRing = ring.enclosingRing();
-                 if (!enclosingRing.poly) polys.push(new PolyOut(enclosingRing));
-                 enclosingRing.poly.addInterior(ring);
-               }
+             if (regexes.length) {
+               _imageryBlocklists = regexes;
              }
 
-             return polys;
+             if (_rateLimitError) {
+               return callback(_rateLimitError, 'rateLimited');
+             } else {
+               var waynodes = xml.getElementsByTagName('waynodes');
+               var maxWayNodes = waynodes.length && parseInt(waynodes[0].getAttribute('maximum'), 10);
+               if (maxWayNodes && isFinite(maxWayNodes)) _maxWayNodes = maxWayNodes;
+               var apiStatus = xml.getElementsByTagName('status');
+               var val = apiStatus[0].getAttribute('api');
+               return callback(undefined, val);
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         // Calls `status` and dispatches an `apiStatusChange` event if the returned
+         // status differs from the cached status.
+         reloadApiStatus: function reloadApiStatus() {
+           // throttle to avoid unnecessary API calls
+           if (!this.throttledReloadApiStatus) {
+             var that = this;
+             this.throttledReloadApiStatus = throttle(function () {
+               that.status(function (err, status) {
+                 if (status !== _cachedApiStatus) {
+                   _cachedApiStatus = status;
+                   dispatch$2.call('apiStatusChange', that, err, status);
+                 }
+               });
+             }, 500);
            }
-         }]);
 
-         return MultiPolyOut;
-       }();
-       /**
-        * NOTE:  We must be careful not to change any segments while
-        *        they are in the SplayTree. AFAIK, there's no way to tell
-        *        the tree to rebalance itself - thus before splitting
-        *        a segment that's in the tree, we remove it from the tree,
-        *        do the split, then re-insert it. (Even though splitting a
-        *        segment *shouldn't* change its correct position in the
-        *        sweep line tree, the reality is because of rounding errors,
-        *        it sometimes does.)
-        */
+           this.throttledReloadApiStatus();
+         },
+         // Returns the maximum number of nodes a single way can have
+         maxWayNodes: function maxWayNodes() {
+           return _maxWayNodes;
+         },
+         // Load data (entities) from the API in tiles
+         // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
+         loadTiles: function loadTiles(projection, callback) {
+           if (_off) return; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
 
+           var tiles = tiler$2.zoomExtent([_tileZoom, _tileZoom]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-       var SweepLine = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function SweepLine(queue) {
-           var comparator = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : Segment.compare;
+           var hadRequests = hasInflightRequests(_tileCache);
+           abortUnwantedRequests(_tileCache, tiles);
 
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, SweepLine);
+           if (hadRequests && !hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
+             dispatch$2.call('loaded'); // stop the spinner
+           } // issue new requests..
 
-           this.queue = queue;
-           this.tree = new Tree(comparator);
-           this.segments = [];
-         }
 
-         _createClass$1(SweepLine, [{
-           key: "process",
-           value: function process(event) {
-             var segment = event.segment;
-             var newEvents = []; // if we've already been consumed by another segment,
-             // clean up our body parts and get out
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             this.loadTile(tile, callback);
+           }, this);
+         },
+         // Load a single data tile
+         // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
+         loadTile: function loadTile(tile, callback) {
+           if (_off) return;
+           if (_tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
 
-             if (event.consumedBy) {
-               if (event.isLeft) this.queue.remove(event.otherSE);else this.tree.remove(segment);
-               return newEvents;
-             }
+           if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
+             dispatch$2.call('loading'); // start the spinner
+           }
 
-             var node = event.isLeft ? this.tree.insert(segment) : this.tree.find(segment);
-             if (!node) throw new Error("Unable to find segment #".concat(segment.id, " ") + "[".concat(segment.leftSE.point.x, ", ").concat(segment.leftSE.point.y, "] -> ") + "[".concat(segment.rightSE.point.x, ", ").concat(segment.rightSE.point.y, "] ") + 'in SweepLine tree. Please submit a bug report.');
-             var prevNode = node;
-             var nextNode = node;
-             var prevSeg = undefined;
-             var nextSeg = undefined; // skip consumed segments still in tree
+           var path = '/api/0.6/map.json?bbox=';
+           var options = {
+             skipSeen: true
+           };
+           _tileCache.inflight[tile.id] = this.loadFromAPI(path + tile.extent.toParam(), tileCallback, options);
 
-             while (prevSeg === undefined) {
-               prevNode = this.tree.prev(prevNode);
-               if (prevNode === null) prevSeg = null;else if (prevNode.key.consumedBy === undefined) prevSeg = prevNode.key;
-             } // skip consumed segments still in tree
+           function tileCallback(err, parsed) {
+             delete _tileCache.inflight[tile.id];
 
+             if (!err) {
+               delete _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id];
+               _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
+               var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
+               bbox.id = tile.id;
 
-             while (nextSeg === undefined) {
-               nextNode = this.tree.next(nextNode);
-               if (nextNode === null) nextSeg = null;else if (nextNode.key.consumedBy === undefined) nextSeg = nextNode.key;
+               _tileCache.rtree.insert(bbox);
              }
 
-             if (event.isLeft) {
-               // Check for intersections against the previous segment in the sweep line
-               var prevMySplitter = null;
+             if (callback) {
+               callback(err, Object.assign({
+                 data: parsed
+               }, tile));
+             }
 
-               if (prevSeg) {
-                 var prevInter = prevSeg.getIntersection(segment);
+             if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
+               dispatch$2.call('loaded'); // stop the spinner
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         isDataLoaded: function isDataLoaded(loc) {
+           var bbox = {
+             minX: loc[0],
+             minY: loc[1],
+             maxX: loc[0],
+             maxY: loc[1]
+           };
+           return _tileCache.rtree.collides(bbox);
+         },
+         // load the tile that covers the given `loc`
+         loadTileAtLoc: function loadTileAtLoc(loc, callback) {
+           // Back off if the toLoad queue is filling up.. re #6417
+           // (Currently `loadTileAtLoc` requests are considered low priority - used by operations to
+           // let users safely edit geometries which extend to unloaded tiles.  We can drop some.)
+           if (Object.keys(_tileCache.toLoad).length > 50) return;
+           var k = geoZoomToScale(_tileZoom + 1);
+           var offset = geoRawMercator().scale(k)(loc);
+           var projection = geoRawMercator().transform({
+             k: k,
+             x: -offset[0],
+             y: -offset[1]
+           });
+           var tiles = tiler$2.zoomExtent([_tileZoom, _tileZoom]).getTiles(projection);
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] || _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
+             _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] = true;
+             this.loadTile(tile, callback);
+           }, this);
+         },
+         // Load notes from the API in tiles
+         // GET /api/0.6/notes?bbox=
+         loadNotes: function loadNotes(projection, noteOptions) {
+           noteOptions = Object.assign({
+             limit: 10000,
+             closed: 7
+           }, noteOptions);
+           if (_off) return;
+           var that = this;
+           var path = '/api/0.6/notes?limit=' + noteOptions.limit + '&closed=' + noteOptions.closed + '&bbox=';
 
-                 if (prevInter !== null) {
-                   if (!segment.isAnEndpoint(prevInter)) prevMySplitter = prevInter;
+           var throttleLoadUsers = throttle(function () {
+             var uids = Object.keys(_userCache.toLoad);
+             if (!uids.length) return;
+             that.loadUsers(uids, function () {}); // eagerly load user details
+           }, 750); // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
 
-                   if (!prevSeg.isAnEndpoint(prevInter)) {
-                     var newEventsFromSplit = this._splitSafely(prevSeg, prevInter);
 
-                     for (var i = 0, iMax = newEventsFromSplit.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-                       newEvents.push(newEventsFromSplit[i]);
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
-               } // Check for intersections against the next segment in the sweep line
+           var tiles = tiler$2.zoomExtent([_noteZoom, _noteZoom]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
+           abortUnwantedRequests(_noteCache, tiles); // issue new requests..
 
-               var nextMySplitter = null;
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_noteCache.loaded[tile.id] || _noteCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             _noteCache.inflight[tile.id] = that.loadFromAPI(path + tile.extent.toParam(), function (err) {
+               delete _noteCache.inflight[tile.id];
 
-               if (nextSeg) {
-                 var nextInter = nextSeg.getIntersection(segment);
+               if (!err) {
+                 _noteCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
+               }
 
-                 if (nextInter !== null) {
-                   if (!segment.isAnEndpoint(nextInter)) nextMySplitter = nextInter;
+               throttleLoadUsers();
+               dispatch$2.call('loadedNotes');
+             }, options);
+           });
+         },
+         // Create a note
+         // POST /api/0.6/notes?params
+         postNoteCreate: function postNoteCreate(note, callback) {
+           if (!this.authenticated()) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Not Authenticated',
+               status: -3
+             }, note);
+           }
 
-                   if (!nextSeg.isAnEndpoint(nextInter)) {
-                     var _newEventsFromSplit = this._splitSafely(nextSeg, nextInter);
+           if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Note update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, note);
+           }
 
-                     for (var _i = 0, _iMax = _newEventsFromSplit.length; _i < _iMax; _i++) {
-                       newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit[_i]);
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
-               } // For simplicity, even if we find more than one intersection we only
-               // spilt on the 'earliest' (sweep-line style) of the intersections.
-               // The other intersection will be handled in a future process().
+           if (!note.loc[0] || !note.loc[1] || !note.newComment) return; // location & description required
 
+           var comment = note.newComment;
 
-               if (prevMySplitter !== null || nextMySplitter !== null) {
-                 var mySplitter = null;
-                 if (prevMySplitter === null) mySplitter = nextMySplitter;else if (nextMySplitter === null) mySplitter = prevMySplitter;else {
-                   var cmpSplitters = SweepEvent$1.comparePoints(prevMySplitter, nextMySplitter);
-                   mySplitter = cmpSplitters <= 0 ? prevMySplitter : nextMySplitter;
-                 } // Rounding errors can cause changes in ordering,
-                 // so remove afected segments and right sweep events before splitting
+           if (note.newCategory && note.newCategory !== 'None') {
+             comment += ' #' + note.newCategory;
+           }
 
-                 this.queue.remove(segment.rightSE);
-                 newEvents.push(segment.rightSE);
+           var path = '/api/0.6/notes?' + utilQsString({
+             lon: note.loc[0],
+             lat: note.loc[1],
+             text: comment
+           });
+           _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr({
+             method: 'POST',
+             path: path
+           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
 
-                 var _newEventsFromSplit2 = segment.split(mySplitter);
+           function done(err, xml) {
+             delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
 
-                 for (var _i2 = 0, _iMax2 = _newEventsFromSplit2.length; _i2 < _iMax2; _i2++) {
-                   newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit2[_i2]);
-                 }
-               }
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
+             } // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
 
-               if (newEvents.length > 0) {
-                 // We found some intersections, so re-do the current event to
-                 // make sure sweep line ordering is totally consistent for later
-                 // use with the segment 'prev' pointers
-                 this.tree.remove(segment);
-                 newEvents.push(event);
+
+             this.removeNote(note);
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             return parseXML(xml, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) {
+                 return callback(err);
                } else {
-                 // done with left event
-                 this.segments.push(segment);
-                 segment.prev = prevSeg;
+                 return callback(undefined, results[0]);
                }
-             } else {
-               // event.isRight
-               // since we're about to be removed from the sweep line, check for
-               // intersections between our previous and next segments
-               if (prevSeg && nextSeg) {
-                 var inter = prevSeg.getIntersection(nextSeg);
-
-                 if (inter !== null) {
-                   if (!prevSeg.isAnEndpoint(inter)) {
-                     var _newEventsFromSplit3 = this._splitSafely(prevSeg, inter);
-
-                     for (var _i3 = 0, _iMax3 = _newEventsFromSplit3.length; _i3 < _iMax3; _i3++) {
-                       newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit3[_i3]);
-                     }
-                   }
-
-                   if (!nextSeg.isAnEndpoint(inter)) {
-                     var _newEventsFromSplit4 = this._splitSafely(nextSeg, inter);
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         // Update a note
+         // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/comment?text=comment
+         // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/close?text=comment
+         // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/reopen?text=comment
+         postNoteUpdate: function postNoteUpdate(note, newStatus, callback) {
+           if (!this.authenticated()) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Not Authenticated',
+               status: -3
+             }, note);
+           }
 
-                     for (var _i4 = 0, _iMax4 = _newEventsFromSplit4.length; _i4 < _iMax4; _i4++) {
-                       newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit4[_i4]);
-                     }
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
+           if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Note update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, note);
+           }
 
-               this.tree.remove(segment);
-             }
+           var action;
 
-             return newEvents;
+           if (note.status !== 'closed' && newStatus === 'closed') {
+             action = 'close';
+           } else if (note.status !== 'open' && newStatus === 'open') {
+             action = 'reopen';
+           } else {
+             action = 'comment';
+             if (!note.newComment) return; // when commenting, comment required
            }
-           /* Safely split a segment that is currently in the datastructures
-            * IE - a segment other than the one that is currently being processed. */
 
-         }, {
-           key: "_splitSafely",
-           value: function _splitSafely(seg, pt) {
-             // Rounding errors can cause changes in ordering,
-             // so remove afected segments and right sweep events before splitting
-             // removeNode() doesn't work, so have re-find the seg
-             // https://github.com/w8r/splay-tree/pull/5
-             this.tree.remove(seg);
-             var rightSE = seg.rightSE;
-             this.queue.remove(rightSE);
-             var newEvents = seg.split(pt);
-             newEvents.push(rightSE); // splitting can trigger consumption
+           var path = '/api/0.6/notes/' + note.id + '/' + action;
 
-             if (seg.consumedBy === undefined) this.tree.insert(seg);
-             return newEvents;
+           if (note.newComment) {
+             path += '?' + utilQsString({
+               text: note.newComment
+             });
            }
-         }]);
 
-         return SweepLine;
-       }();
+           _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr({
+             method: 'POST',
+             path: path
+           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
 
-       var POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE = typeof process !== 'undefined' && process.env.POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE || 1000000;
-       var POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_SWEEPLINE_SEGMENTS = typeof process !== 'undefined' && process.env.POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_SWEEPLINE_SEGMENTS || 1000000;
+           function done(err, xml) {
+             delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
 
-       var Operation = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         function Operation() {
-           _classCallCheck$1(this, Operation);
-         }
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
+             } // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
 
-         _createClass$1(Operation, [{
-           key: "run",
-           value: function run(type, geom, moreGeoms) {
-             operation.type = type;
-             rounder.reset();
-             /* Convert inputs to MultiPoly objects */
 
-             var multipolys = [new MultiPolyIn(geom, true)];
+             this.removeNote(note); // update closed note cache - used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
 
-             for (var i = 0, iMax = moreGeoms.length; i < iMax; i++) {
-               multipolys.push(new MultiPolyIn(moreGeoms[i], false));
+             if (action === 'close') {
+               _noteCache.closed[note.id] = true;
+             } else if (action === 'reopen') {
+               delete _noteCache.closed[note.id];
              }
 
-             operation.numMultiPolys = multipolys.length;
-             /* BBox optimization for difference operation
-              * If the bbox of a multipolygon that's part of the clipping doesn't
-              * intersect the bbox of the subject at all, we can just drop that
-              * multiploygon. */
-
-             if (operation.type === 'difference') {
-               // in place removal
-               var subject = multipolys[0];
-               var _i = 1;
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             return parseXML(xml, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) {
+                 return callback(err);
+               } else {
+                 return callback(undefined, results[0]);
+               }
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         "switch": function _switch(options) {
+           urlroot = options.urlroot;
+           oauth.options(Object.assign({
+             url: urlroot,
+             loading: authLoading,
+             done: authDone
+           }, options));
+           this.reset();
+           this.userChangesets(function () {}); // eagerly load user details/changesets
 
-               while (_i < multipolys.length) {
-                 if (getBboxOverlap(multipolys[_i].bbox, subject.bbox) !== null) _i++;else multipolys.splice(_i, 1);
+           dispatch$2.call('change');
+           return this;
+         },
+         toggle: function toggle(val) {
+           _off = !val;
+           return this;
+         },
+         isChangesetInflight: function isChangesetInflight() {
+           return !!_changeset.inflight;
+         },
+         // get/set cached data
+         // This is used to save/restore the state when entering/exiting the walkthrough
+         // Also used for testing purposes.
+         caches: function caches(obj) {
+           function cloneCache(source) {
+             var target = {};
+             Object.keys(source).forEach(function (k) {
+               if (k === 'rtree') {
+                 target.rtree = new RBush().fromJSON(source.rtree.toJSON()); // clone rbush
+               } else if (k === 'note') {
+                 target.note = {};
+                 Object.keys(source.note).forEach(function (id) {
+                   target.note[id] = osmNote(source.note[id]); // copy notes
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 target[k] = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(source[k])); // clone deep
                }
-             }
-             /* BBox optimization for intersection operation
-              * If we can find any pair of multipolygons whose bbox does not overlap,
-              * then the result will be empty. */
+             });
+             return target;
+           }
 
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return {
+               tile: cloneCache(_tileCache),
+               note: cloneCache(_noteCache),
+               user: cloneCache(_userCache)
+             };
+           } // access caches directly for testing (e.g., loading notes rtree)
 
-             if (operation.type === 'intersection') {
-               // TODO: this is O(n^2) in number of polygons. By sorting the bboxes,
-               //       it could be optimized to O(n * ln(n))
-               for (var _i2 = 0, _iMax = multipolys.length; _i2 < _iMax; _i2++) {
-                 var mpA = multipolys[_i2];
 
-                 for (var j = _i2 + 1, jMax = multipolys.length; j < jMax; j++) {
-                   if (getBboxOverlap(mpA.bbox, multipolys[j].bbox) === null) return [];
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-             /* Put segment endpoints in a priority queue */
+           if (obj === 'get') {
+             return {
+               tile: _tileCache,
+               note: _noteCache,
+               user: _userCache
+             };
+           }
 
+           if (obj.tile) {
+             _tileCache = obj.tile;
+             _tileCache.inflight = {};
+           }
 
-             var queue = new Tree(SweepEvent$1.compare);
+           if (obj.note) {
+             _noteCache = obj.note;
+             _noteCache.inflight = {};
+             _noteCache.inflightPost = {};
+           }
 
-             for (var _i3 = 0, _iMax2 = multipolys.length; _i3 < _iMax2; _i3++) {
-               var sweepEvents = multipolys[_i3].getSweepEvents();
+           if (obj.user) {
+             _userCache = obj.user;
+           }
 
-               for (var _j = 0, _jMax = sweepEvents.length; _j < _jMax; _j++) {
-                 queue.insert(sweepEvents[_j]);
+           return this;
+         },
+         logout: function logout() {
+           _userChangesets = undefined;
+           _userDetails = undefined;
+           oauth.logout();
+           dispatch$2.call('change');
+           return this;
+         },
+         authenticated: function authenticated() {
+           return oauth.authenticated();
+         },
+         authenticate: function authenticate(callback) {
+           var that = this;
+           var cid = _connectionID;
+           _userChangesets = undefined;
+           _userDetails = undefined;
 
-                 if (queue.size > POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE) {
-                   // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
-                   throw new Error('Infinite loop when putting segment endpoints in a priority queue ' + '(queue size too big). Please file a bug report.');
-                 }
-               }
+           function done(err, res) {
+             if (err) {
+               if (callback) callback(err);
+               return;
              }
-             /* Pass the sweep line over those endpoints */
 
+             if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
+               if (callback) callback({
+                 message: 'Connection Switched',
+                 status: -1
+               });
+               return;
+             }
 
-             var sweepLine = new SweepLine(queue);
-             var prevQueueSize = queue.size;
-             var node = queue.pop();
-
-             while (node) {
-               var evt = node.key;
+             _rateLimitError = undefined;
+             dispatch$2.call('change');
+             if (callback) callback(err, res);
+             that.userChangesets(function () {}); // eagerly load user details/changesets
+           }
 
-               if (queue.size === prevQueueSize) {
-                 // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
-                 var seg = evt.segment;
-                 throw new Error("Unable to pop() ".concat(evt.isLeft ? 'left' : 'right', " SweepEvent ") + "[".concat(evt.point.x, ", ").concat(evt.point.y, "] from segment #").concat(seg.id, " ") + "[".concat(seg.leftSE.point.x, ", ").concat(seg.leftSE.point.y, "] -> ") + "[".concat(seg.rightSE.point.x, ", ").concat(seg.rightSE.point.y, "] from queue. ") + 'Please file a bug report.');
-               }
+           return oauth.authenticate(done);
+         },
+         imageryBlocklists: function imageryBlocklists() {
+           return _imageryBlocklists;
+         },
+         tileZoom: function tileZoom(val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tileZoom;
+           _tileZoom = val;
+           return this;
+         },
+         // get all cached notes covering the viewport
+         notes: function notes(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           return _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+         },
+         // get a single note from the cache
+         getNote: function getNote(id) {
+           return _noteCache.note[id];
+         },
+         // remove a single note from the cache
+         removeNote: function removeNote(note) {
+           if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) return;
+           delete _noteCache.note[note.id];
+           updateRtree(encodeNoteRtree(note), false); // false = remove
+         },
+         // replace a single note in the cache
+         replaceNote: function replaceNote(note) {
+           if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) return;
+           _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
+           updateRtree(encodeNoteRtree(note), true); // true = replace
 
-               if (queue.size > POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE) {
-                 // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
-                 throw new Error('Infinite loop when passing sweep line over endpoints ' + '(queue size too big). Please file a bug report.');
-               }
+           return note;
+         },
+         // Get an array of note IDs closed during this session.
+         // Used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
+         getClosedIDs: function getClosedIDs() {
+           return Object.keys(_noteCache.closed).sort();
+         }
+       };
 
-               if (sweepLine.segments.length > POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_SWEEPLINE_SEGMENTS) {
-                 // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
-                 throw new Error('Infinite loop when passing sweep line over endpoints ' + '(too many sweep line segments). Please file a bug report.');
-               }
+       var _apibase$1 = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/api.php';
+       var _inflight$1 = {};
+       var _wikibaseCache = {};
+       var _localeIDs = {
+         en: false
+       };
 
-               var newEvents = sweepLine.process(evt);
+       var debouncedRequest$1 = debounce(request$1, 500, {
+         leading: false
+       });
 
-               for (var _i4 = 0, _iMax3 = newEvents.length; _i4 < _iMax3; _i4++) {
-                 var _evt = newEvents[_i4];
-                 if (_evt.consumedBy === undefined) queue.insert(_evt);
-               }
+       function request$1(url, callback) {
+         if (_inflight$1[url]) return;
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         _inflight$1[url] = controller;
+         d3_json(url, {
+           signal: controller.signal
+         }).then(function (result) {
+           delete _inflight$1[url];
+           if (callback) callback(null, result);
+         })["catch"](function (err) {
+           delete _inflight$1[url];
+           if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
+           if (callback) callback(err.message);
+         });
+       }
 
-               prevQueueSize = queue.size;
-               node = queue.pop();
-             } // free some memory we don't need anymore
+       var serviceOsmWikibase = {
+         init: function init() {
+           _inflight$1 = {};
+           _wikibaseCache = {};
+           _localeIDs = {};
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           Object.values(_inflight$1).forEach(function (controller) {
+             controller.abort();
+           });
+           _inflight$1 = {};
+         },
 
+         /**
+          * Get the best value for the property, or undefined if not found
+          * @param entity object from wikibase
+          * @param property string e.g. 'P4' for image
+          * @param langCode string e.g. 'fr' for French
+          */
+         claimToValue: function claimToValue(entity, property, langCode) {
+           if (!entity.claims[property]) return undefined;
+           var locale = _localeIDs[langCode];
+           var preferredPick, localePick;
+           entity.claims[property].forEach(function (stmt) {
+             // If exists, use value limited to the needed language (has a qualifier P26 = locale)
+             // Or if not found, use the first value with the "preferred" rank
+             if (!preferredPick && stmt.rank === 'preferred') {
+               preferredPick = stmt;
+             }
 
-             rounder.reset();
-             /* Collect and compile segments we're keeping into a multipolygon */
+             if (locale && stmt.qualifiers && stmt.qualifiers.P26 && stmt.qualifiers.P26[0].datavalue.value.id === locale) {
+               localePick = stmt;
+             }
+           });
+           var result = localePick || preferredPick;
 
-             var ringsOut = RingOut.factory(sweepLine.segments);
-             var result = new MultiPolyOut(ringsOut);
-             return result.getGeom();
+           if (result) {
+             var datavalue = result.mainsnak.datavalue;
+             return datavalue.type === 'wikibase-entityid' ? datavalue.value.id : datavalue.value;
+           } else {
+             return undefined;
            }
-         }]);
-
-         return Operation;
-       }(); // singleton available by import
-
-
-       var operation = new Operation();
+         },
 
-       var union$1 = function union(geom) {
-         for (var _len = arguments.length, moreGeoms = new Array(_len > 1 ? _len - 1 : 0), _key = 1; _key < _len; _key++) {
-           moreGeoms[_key - 1] = arguments[_key];
-         }
+         /**
+          * Convert monolingual property into a key-value object (language -> value)
+          * @param entity object from wikibase
+          * @param property string e.g. 'P31' for monolingual wiki page title
+          */
+         monolingualClaimToValueObj: function monolingualClaimToValueObj(entity, property) {
+           if (!entity || !entity.claims[property]) return undefined;
+           return entity.claims[property].reduce(function (acc, obj) {
+             var value = obj.mainsnak.datavalue.value;
+             acc[value.language] = value.text;
+             return acc;
+           }, {});
+         },
+         toSitelink: function toSitelink(key, value) {
+           var result = value ? 'Tag:' + key + '=' + value : 'Key:' + key;
+           return result.replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
+         },
+         //
+         // Pass params object of the form:
+         // {
+         //   key: 'string',
+         //   value: 'string',
+         //   langCode: 'string'
+         // }
+         //
+         getEntity: function getEntity(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
+           var that = this;
+           var titles = [];
+           var result = {};
+           var rtypeSitelink = params.key === 'type' && params.value ? ('Relation:' + params.value).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim() : false;
+           var keySitelink = params.key ? this.toSitelink(params.key) : false;
+           var tagSitelink = params.key && params.value ? this.toSitelink(params.key, params.value) : false;
+           var localeSitelink;
 
-         return operation.run('union', geom, moreGeoms);
-       };
+           if (params.langCodes) {
+             params.langCodes.forEach(function (langCode) {
+               if (_localeIDs[langCode] === undefined) {
+                 // If this is the first time we are asking about this locale,
+                 // fetch corresponding entity (if it exists), and cache it.
+                 // If there is no such entry, cache `false` value to avoid re-requesting it.
+                 localeSitelink = ('Locale:' + langCode).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
+                 titles.push(localeSitelink);
+               }
+             });
+           }
 
-       var intersection$1$1 = function intersection(geom) {
-         for (var _len2 = arguments.length, moreGeoms = new Array(_len2 > 1 ? _len2 - 1 : 0), _key2 = 1; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
-           moreGeoms[_key2 - 1] = arguments[_key2];
-         }
+           if (rtypeSitelink) {
+             if (_wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink]) {
+               result.rtype = _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink];
+             } else {
+               titles.push(rtypeSitelink);
+             }
+           }
 
-         return operation.run('intersection', geom, moreGeoms);
-       };
+           if (keySitelink) {
+             if (_wikibaseCache[keySitelink]) {
+               result.key = _wikibaseCache[keySitelink];
+             } else {
+               titles.push(keySitelink);
+             }
+           }
 
-       var xor = function xor(geom) {
-         for (var _len3 = arguments.length, moreGeoms = new Array(_len3 > 1 ? _len3 - 1 : 0), _key3 = 1; _key3 < _len3; _key3++) {
-           moreGeoms[_key3 - 1] = arguments[_key3];
-         }
+           if (tagSitelink) {
+             if (_wikibaseCache[tagSitelink]) {
+               result.tag = _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink];
+             } else {
+               titles.push(tagSitelink);
+             }
+           }
 
-         return operation.run('xor', geom, moreGeoms);
-       };
+           if (!titles.length) {
+             // Nothing to do, we already had everything in the cache
+             return callback(null, result);
+           } // Requesting just the user language code
+           // If backend recognizes the code, it will perform proper fallbacks,
+           // and the result will contain the requested code. If not, all values are returned:
+           // {"zh-tw":{"value":"...","language":"zh-tw","source-language":"zh-hant"}
+           // {"pt-br":{"value":"...","language":"pt","for-language":"pt-br"}}
 
-       var difference = function difference(subjectGeom) {
-         for (var _len4 = arguments.length, clippingGeoms = new Array(_len4 > 1 ? _len4 - 1 : 0), _key4 = 1; _key4 < _len4; _key4++) {
-           clippingGeoms[_key4 - 1] = arguments[_key4];
-         }
 
-         return operation.run('difference', subjectGeom, clippingGeoms);
-       };
+           var obj = {
+             action: 'wbgetentities',
+             sites: 'wiki',
+             titles: titles.join('|'),
+             languages: params.langCodes.join('|'),
+             languagefallback: 1,
+             origin: '*',
+             format: 'json' // There is an MW Wikibase API bug https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T212069
+             // We shouldn't use v1 until it gets fixed, but should switch to it afterwards
+             // formatversion: 2,
 
-       var index$1 = {
-         union: union$1,
-         intersection: intersection$1$1,
-         xor: xor,
-         difference: difference
-       };
+           };
+           var url = _apibase$1 + '?' + utilQsString(obj);
+           doRequest(url, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else if (!d.success || d.error) {
+               callback(d.error.messages.map(function (v) {
+                 return v.html['*'];
+               }).join('<br>'));
+             } else {
+               var localeID = false;
+               Object.values(d.entities).forEach(function (res) {
+                 if (res.missing !== '') {
+                   var title = res.sitelinks.wiki.title;
 
-       var geojsonPrecision = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-         (function () {
-           function parse(t, coordinatePrecision, extrasPrecision) {
-             function point(p) {
-               return p.map(function (e, index) {
-                 if (index < 2) {
-                   return 1 * e.toFixed(coordinatePrecision);
-                 } else {
-                   return 1 * e.toFixed(extrasPrecision);
+                   if (title === rtypeSitelink) {
+                     _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink] = res;
+                     result.rtype = res;
+                   } else if (title === keySitelink) {
+                     _wikibaseCache[keySitelink] = res;
+                     result.key = res;
+                   } else if (title === tagSitelink) {
+                     _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink] = res;
+                     result.tag = res;
+                   } else if (title === localeSitelink) {
+                     localeID = res.id;
+                   } else {
+                     console.log('Unexpected title ' + title); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+                   }
                  }
                });
-             }
 
-             function multi(l) {
-               return l.map(point);
+               if (localeSitelink) {
+                 // If locale ID is not found, store false to prevent repeated queries
+                 that.addLocale(params.langCodes[0], localeID);
+               }
+
+               callback(null, result);
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         //
+         // Pass params object of the form:
+         // {
+         //   key: 'string',     // required
+         //   value: 'string'    // optional
+         // }
+         //
+         // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
+         // {
+         //   title:        'string',
+         //   description:  'string',
+         //   editURL:      'string',
+         //   imageURL:     'string',
+         //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
+         // }
+         //
+         getDocs: function getDocs(params, callback) {
+           var that = this;
+           var langCodes = _mainLocalizer.localeCodes().map(function (code) {
+             return code.toLowerCase();
+           });
+           params.langCodes = langCodes;
+           this.getEntity(params, function (err, data) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+               return;
              }
 
-             function poly(p) {
-               return p.map(multi);
-             }
+             var entity = data.rtype || data.tag || data.key;
 
-             function multiPoly(m) {
-               return m.map(poly);
+             if (!entity) {
+               callback('No entity');
+               return;
              }
 
-             function geometry(obj) {
-               if (!obj) {
-                 return {};
-               }
-
-               switch (obj.type) {
-                 case "Point":
-                   obj.coordinates = point(obj.coordinates);
-                   return obj;
-
-                 case "LineString":
-                 case "MultiPoint":
-                   obj.coordinates = multi(obj.coordinates);
-                   return obj;
-
-                 case "Polygon":
-                 case "MultiLineString":
-                   obj.coordinates = poly(obj.coordinates);
-                   return obj;
-
-                 case "MultiPolygon":
-                   obj.coordinates = multiPoly(obj.coordinates);
-                   return obj;
+             var i;
+             var description;
 
-                 case "GeometryCollection":
-                   obj.geometries = obj.geometries.map(geometry);
-                   return obj;
+             for (i in langCodes) {
+               var _code = langCodes[i];
 
-                 default:
-                   return {};
+               if (entity.descriptions[_code] && entity.descriptions[_code].language === _code) {
+                 description = entity.descriptions[_code];
+                 break;
                }
              }
 
-             function feature(obj) {
-               obj.geometry = geometry(obj.geometry);
-               return obj;
-             }
-
-             function featureCollection(f) {
-               f.features = f.features.map(feature);
-               return f;
-             }
+             if (!description && Object.values(entity.descriptions).length) description = Object.values(entity.descriptions)[0]; // prepare result
 
-             function geometryCollection(g) {
-               g.geometries = g.geometries.map(geometry);
-               return g;
-             }
+             var result = {
+               title: entity.title,
+               description: description ? description.value : '',
+               descriptionLocaleCode: description ? description.language : '',
+               editURL: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + entity.title
+             }; // add image
 
-             if (!t) {
-               return t;
-             }
+             if (entity.claims) {
+               var imageroot;
+               var image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P4', langCodes[0]);
 
-             switch (t.type) {
-               case "Feature":
-                 return feature(t);
+               if (image) {
+                 imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
+               } else {
+                 image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P28', langCodes[0]);
 
-               case "GeometryCollection":
-                 return geometryCollection(t);
+                 if (image) {
+                   imageroot = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php';
+                 }
+               }
 
-               case "FeatureCollection":
-                 return featureCollection(t);
+               if (imageroot && image) {
+                 result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
+                   title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
+                   width: 400
+                 });
+               }
+             } // Try to get a wiki page from tag data item first, followed by the corresponding key data item.
+             // If neither tag nor key data item contain a wiki page in the needed language nor English,
+             // get the first found wiki page from either the tag or the key item.
 
-               case "Point":
-               case "LineString":
-               case "Polygon":
-               case "MultiPoint":
-               case "MultiPolygon":
-               case "MultiLineString":
-                 return geometry(t);
 
-               default:
-                 return t;
-             }
-           }
+             var rtypeWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.rtype, 'P31');
+             var tagWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.tag, 'P31');
+             var keyWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.key, 'P31');
+             var wikis = [rtypeWiki, tagWiki, keyWiki];
 
-           module.exports = parse;
-           module.exports.parse = parse;
-         })();
-       });
+             for (i in wikis) {
+               var wiki = wikis[i];
 
-       function isObject$4(obj) {
-         return _typeof(obj) === 'object' && obj !== null;
-       }
+               for (var j in langCodes) {
+                 var code = langCodes[j];
+                 var referenceId = langCodes[0].split('-')[0] !== 'en' && code.split('-')[0] === 'en' ? 'inspector.wiki_en_reference' : 'inspector.wiki_reference';
+                 var info = getWikiInfo(wiki, code, referenceId);
 
-       function forEach(obj, cb) {
-         if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
-           obj.forEach(cb);
-         } else if (isObject$4(obj)) {
-           Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key) {
-             var val = obj[key];
-             cb(val, key);
-           });
-         }
-       }
+                 if (info) {
+                   result.wiki = info;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function getTreeDepth(obj) {
-         var depth = 0;
+               if (result.wiki) break;
+             }
 
-         if (Array.isArray(obj) || isObject$4(obj)) {
-           forEach(obj, function (val) {
-             if (Array.isArray(val) || isObject$4(val)) {
-               var tmpDepth = getTreeDepth(val);
+             callback(null, result); // Helper method to get wiki info if a given language exists
 
-               if (tmpDepth > depth) {
-                 depth = tmpDepth;
+             function getWikiInfo(wiki, langCode, tKey) {
+               if (wiki && wiki[langCode]) {
+                 return {
+                   title: wiki[langCode],
+                   text: tKey,
+                   url: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + wiki[langCode]
+                 };
                }
              }
            });
-           return depth + 1;
+         },
+         addLocale: function addLocale(langCode, qid) {
+           // Makes it easier to unit test
+           _localeIDs[langCode] = qid;
+         },
+         apibase: function apibase(val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _apibase$1;
+           _apibase$1 = val;
+           return this;
          }
+       };
 
-         return depth;
-       }
-
-       function stringify(obj, options) {
-         options = options || {};
-         var indent = JSON.stringify([1], null, get$5(options, 'indent', 2)).slice(2, -3);
-         var addMargin = get$5(options, 'margins', false);
-         var addArrayMargin = get$5(options, 'arrayMargins', false);
-         var addObjectMargin = get$5(options, 'objectMargins', false);
-         var maxLength = indent === '' ? Infinity : get$5(options, 'maxLength', 80);
-         var maxNesting = get$5(options, 'maxNesting', Infinity);
-         return function _stringify(obj, currentIndent, reserved) {
-           if (obj && typeof obj.toJSON === 'function') {
-             obj = obj.toJSON();
-           }
+       var jsonpCache = {};
+       window.jsonpCache = jsonpCache;
+       function jsonpRequest(url, callback) {
+         var request = {
+           abort: function abort() {}
+         };
 
-           var string = JSON.stringify(obj);
+         if (window.JSONP_FIX) {
+           if (window.JSONP_DELAY === 0) {
+             callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
+           } else {
+             var t = window.setTimeout(function () {
+               callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
+             }, window.JSONP_DELAY || 0);
 
-           if (string === undefined) {
-             return string;
+             request.abort = function () {
+               window.clearTimeout(t);
+             };
            }
 
-           var length = maxLength - currentIndent.length - reserved;
-           var treeDepth = getTreeDepth(obj);
+           return request;
+         }
 
-           if (treeDepth <= maxNesting && string.length <= length) {
-             var prettified = prettify(string, {
-               addMargin: addMargin,
-               addArrayMargin: addArrayMargin,
-               addObjectMargin: addObjectMargin
-             });
+         function rand() {
+           var chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
+           var c = '';
+           var i = -1;
 
-             if (prettified.length <= length) {
-               return prettified;
-             }
+           while (++i < 15) {
+             c += chars.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * 52));
            }
 
-           if (isObject$4(obj)) {
-             var nextIndent = currentIndent + indent;
-             var items = [];
-             var delimiters;
-
-             var comma = function comma(array, index) {
-               return index === array.length - 1 ? 0 : 1;
-             };
-
-             if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
-               for (var index = 0; index < obj.length; index++) {
-                 items.push(_stringify(obj[index], nextIndent, comma(obj, index)) || 'null');
-               }
-
-               delimiters = '[]';
-             } else {
-               Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key, index, array) {
-                 var keyPart = JSON.stringify(key) + ': ';
-
-                 var value = _stringify(obj[key], nextIndent, keyPart.length + comma(array, index));
+           return c;
+         }
 
-                 if (value !== undefined) {
-                   items.push(keyPart + value);
-                 }
-               });
-               delimiters = '{}';
-             }
+         function create(url) {
+           var e = url.match(/callback=(\w+)/);
+           var c = e ? e[1] : rand();
 
-             if (items.length > 0) {
-               return [delimiters[0], indent + items.join(',\n' + nextIndent), delimiters[1]].join('\n' + currentIndent);
+           jsonpCache[c] = function (data) {
+             if (jsonpCache[c]) {
+               callback(data);
              }
-           }
-
-           return string;
-         }(obj, '', 0);
-       } // Note: This regex matches even invalid JSON strings, but since we’re
-       // working on the output of `JSON.stringify` we know that only valid strings
-       // are present (unless the user supplied a weird `options.indent` but in
-       // that case we don’t care since the output would be invalid anyway).
 
+             finalize();
+           };
 
-       var stringOrChar = /("(?:[^\\"]|\\.)*")|[:,\][}{]/g;
-
-       function prettify(string, options) {
-         options = options || {};
-         var tokens = {
-           '{': '{',
-           '}': '}',
-           '[': '[',
-           ']': ']',
-           ',': ', ',
-           ':': ': '
-         };
-
-         if (options.addMargin || options.addObjectMargin) {
-           tokens['{'] = '{ ';
-           tokens['}'] = ' }';
-         }
+           function finalize() {
+             delete jsonpCache[c];
+             script.remove();
+           }
 
-         if (options.addMargin || options.addArrayMargin) {
-           tokens['['] = '[ ';
-           tokens[']'] = ' ]';
+           request.abort = finalize;
+           return 'jsonpCache.' + c;
          }
 
-         return string.replace(stringOrChar, function (match, string) {
-           return string ? match : tokens[match];
-         });
-       }
-
-       function get$5(options, name, defaultValue) {
-         return name in options ? options[name] : defaultValue;
+         var cb = create(url);
+         var script = select('head').append('script').attr('type', 'text/javascript').attr('src', url.replace(/(\{|%7B)callback(\}|%7D)/, cb));
+         return request;
        }
 
-       var jsonStringifyPrettyCompact = stringify;
-
-       var _default$3 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
-         // constructor
-         //
-         // `fc`  Optional FeatureCollection of known features
-         //
-         // Optionally pass a GeoJSON FeatureCollection of known features which we can refer to later.
-         // Each feature must have a filename-like `id`, for example: `something.geojson`
-         //
-         // {
-         //   "type": "FeatureCollection"
-         //   "features": [
-         //     {
-         //       "type": "Feature",
-         //       "id": "philly_metro.geojson",
-         //       "properties": { … },
-         //       "geometry": { … }
-         //     }
-         //   ]
-         // }
-         function _default(fc) {
-           var _this = this;
-
-           _classCallCheck(this, _default);
-
-           // The _cache retains resolved features, so if you ask for the same thing multiple times
-           // we don't repeat the expensive resolving/clipping operations.
-           //
-           // Each feature has a stable identifier that is used as the cache key.
-           // The identifiers look like:
-           // - for point locations, the stringified point:          e.g. '[8.67039,49.41882]'
-           // - for geojson locations, the geojson id:               e.g. 'de-hamburg.geojson'
-           // - for countrycoder locations, feature.id property:     e.g. 'Q2'  (countrycoder uses Wikidata identifiers)
-           // - for aggregated locationSets, +[include]-[exclude]:   e.g '+[Q2]-[Q18,Q27611]'
-           this._cache = {}; // When strict mode = true, throw on invalid locations or locationSets.
-           // When strict mode = false, return `null` for invalid locations or locationSets.
-
-           this._strict = true; // process input FeatureCollection
-
-           if (fc && fc.type === 'FeatureCollection' && Array.isArray(fc.features)) {
-             fc.features.forEach(function (feature) {
-               feature.properties = feature.properties || {};
-               var props = feature.properties; // get `id` from either `id` or `properties`
-
-               var id = feature.id || props.id;
-               if (!id || !/^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(id)) return; // ensure `id` exists and is lowercase
-
-               id = id.toLowerCase();
-               feature.id = id;
-               props.id = id; // ensure `area` property exists
-
-               if (!props.area) {
-                 var area = geojsonArea.geometry(feature.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
-
-                 props.area = Number(area.toFixed(2));
-               }
-
-               _this._cache[id] = feature;
-             });
-           } // Replace CountryCoder world geometry to be a polygon covering the world.
-
-
-           var world = _cloneDeep(feature('Q2'));
-
-           world.geometry = {
-             type: 'Polygon',
-             coordinates: [[[-180, -90], [180, -90], [180, 90], [-180, 90], [-180, -90]]]
-           };
-           world.id = 'Q2';
-           world.properties.id = 'Q2';
-           world.properties.area = geojsonArea.geometry(world.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
-
-           this._cache.Q2 = world;
-         } // validateLocation
-         // `location`  The location to validate
-         //
-         // Pass a `location` value to validate
-         //
-         // Returns a result like:
-         //   {
-         //     type:     'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
-         //     location:  the queried location
-         //     id:        the stable identifier for the feature
-         //   }
-         // or `null` if the location is invalid
-         //
-
-
-         _createClass(_default, [{
-           key: "validateLocation",
-           value: function validateLocation(location) {
-             if (Array.isArray(location)) {
-               // a [lon,lat] coordinate pair?
-               if (location.length === 2 && Number.isFinite(location[0]) && Number.isFinite(location[1]) && location[0] >= -180 && location[0] <= 180 && location[1] >= -90 && location[1] <= 90) {
-                 var id = '[' + location.toString() + ']';
-                 return {
-                   type: 'point',
-                   location: location,
-                   id: id
-                 };
-               }
-             } else if (typeof location === 'string' && /^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(location)) {
-               // a .geojson filename?
-               var _id = location.toLowerCase();
-
-               if (this._cache[_id]) {
-                 return {
-                   type: 'geojson',
-                   location: location,
-                   id: _id
-                 };
-               }
-             } else if (typeof location === 'string' || typeof location === 'number') {
-               // a country-coder value?
-               var feature$1 = feature(location);
-
-               if (feature$1) {
-                 // Use wikidata QID as the identifier, since that seems to be the one
-                 // property that everything in CountryCoder is guaranteed to have.
-                 var _id2 = feature$1.properties.wikidata;
-                 return {
-                   type: 'countrycoder',
-                   location: location,
-                   id: _id2
-                 };
-               }
-             }
-
-             if (this._strict) {
-               throw new Error("validateLocation:  Invalid location: \"".concat(location, "\"."));
-             } else {
-               return null;
-             }
-           } // resolveLocation
-           // `location`  The location to resolve
-           //
-           // Pass a `location` value to resolve
-           //
-           // Returns a result like:
-           //   {
-           //     type:      'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
-           //     location:  the queried location
-           //     id:        a stable identifier for the feature
-           //     feature:   the resolved GeoJSON feature
-           //   }
-           //  or `null` if the location is invalid
-           //
-
-         }, {
-           key: "resolveLocation",
-           value: function resolveLocation(location) {
-             var valid = this.validateLocation(location);
-             if (!valid) return null;
-             var id = valid.id; // return a result from cache if we can
+       var bubbleApi = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/mapcontrol/HumanScaleServices/GetBubbles.ashx?';
+       var streetsideImagesApi = 'https://t.ssl.ak.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/';
+       var bubbleAppKey = 'AuftgJsO0Xs8Ts4M1xZUQJQXJNsvmh3IV8DkNieCiy3tCwCUMq76-WpkrBtNAuEm';
+       var pannellumViewerCSS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.css';
+       var pannellumViewerJS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.js';
+       var maxResults = 2000;
+       var tileZoom = 16.5;
+       var tiler$1 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom, tileZoom]).skipNullIsland(true);
+       var dispatch$1 = dispatch$8('loadedImages', 'viewerChanged');
+       var minHfov = 10; // zoom in degrees:  20, 10, 5
 
-             if (this._cache[id]) {
-               return Object.assign(valid, {
-                 feature: this._cache[id]
-               });
-             } // a [lon,lat] coordinate pair?
+       var maxHfov = 90; // zoom out degrees
 
+       var defaultHfov = 45;
+       var _hires = false;
+       var _resolution = 512; // higher numbers are slower - 512, 1024, 2048, 4096
 
-             if (valid.type === 'point') {
-               var RADIUS = 25000; // meters
+       var _currScene = 0;
 
-               var EDGES = 10;
-               var PRECISION = 3;
-               var area = Math.PI * RADIUS * RADIUS / 1e6; // m² to km²
+       var _ssCache;
 
-               var feature$1 = this._cache[id] = geojsonPrecision({
-                 type: 'Feature',
-                 id: id,
-                 properties: {
-                   id: id,
-                   area: Number(area.toFixed(2))
-                 },
-                 geometry: circleToPolygon(location, RADIUS, EDGES)
-               }, PRECISION);
-               return Object.assign(valid, {
-                 feature: feature$1
-               }); // a .geojson filename?
-             } else if (valid.type === 'geojson') ; else if (valid.type === 'countrycoder') {
-               var _feature = _cloneDeep(feature(id));
+       var _pannellumViewer;
 
-               var props = _feature.properties; // -> This block of code is weird and requires some explanation. <-
-               // CountryCoder includes higher level features which are made up of members.
-               // These features don't have their own geometry, but CountryCoder provides an
-               //   `aggregateFeature` method to combine these members into a MultiPolygon.
-               // BUT, when we try to actually work with these aggregated MultiPolygons,
-               //   Turf/JSTS gets crashy because of topography bugs.
-               // SO, we'll aggregate the features ourselves by unioning them together.
-               // This approach also has the benefit of removing all the internal boaders and
-               //   simplifying the regional polygons a lot.
+       var _sceneOptions = {
+         showFullscreenCtrl: false,
+         autoLoad: true,
+         compass: true,
+         yaw: 0,
+         minHfov: minHfov,
+         maxHfov: maxHfov,
+         hfov: defaultHfov,
+         type: 'cubemap',
+         cubeMap: []
+       };
 
-               if (Array.isArray(props.members)) {
-                 var seed = _feature.geometry ? _feature : null;
-                 var aggregate = props.members.reduce(_locationReducer.bind(this), seed);
-                 _feature.geometry = aggregate.geometry;
-               } // ensure `area` property exists
+       var _loadViewerPromise;
+       /**
+        * abortRequest().
+        */
 
 
-               if (!props.area) {
-                 var _area = geojsonArea.geometry(_feature.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
+       function abortRequest$1(i) {
+         i.abort();
+       }
+       /**
+        * localeTimeStamp().
+        */
 
 
-                 props.area = Number(_area.toFixed(2));
-               } // ensure `id` property exists
+       function localeTimestamp(s) {
+         if (!s) return null;
+         var options = {
+           day: 'numeric',
+           month: 'short',
+           year: 'numeric'
+         };
+         var d = new Date(s);
+         if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+         return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+       }
+       /**
+        * loadTiles() wraps the process of generating tiles and then fetching image points for each tile.
+        */
 
 
-               _feature.id = id;
-               props.id = id;
-               this._cache[id] = _feature;
-               return Object.assign(valid, {
-                 feature: _feature
-               });
-             }
+       function loadTiles(which, url, projection, margin) {
+         var tiles = tiler$1.margin(margin).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-             if (this._strict) {
-               throw new Error("resolveLocation:  Couldn't resolve location \"".concat(location, "\"."));
-             } else {
-               return null;
-             }
-           } // validateLocationSet
-           // `locationSet`  the locationSet to validate
-           //
-           // Pass a locationSet Object to validate like:
-           //   {
-           //     include: [ Array of locations ],
-           //     exclude: [ Array of locations ]
-           //   }
-           //
-           // Returns a result like:
-           //   {
-           //     type:         'locationset'
-           //     locationSet:  the queried locationSet
-           //     id:           the stable identifier for the feature
-           //   }
-           // or `null` if the locationSet is invalid
-           //
+         var cache = _ssCache[which];
+         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0;
+           });
 
-         }, {
-           key: "validateLocationSet",
-           value: function validateLocationSet(locationSet) {
-             locationSet = locationSet || {};
-             var validator = this.validateLocation.bind(this);
-             var include = (locationSet.include || []).map(validator).filter(Boolean);
-             var exclude = (locationSet.exclude || []).map(validator).filter(Boolean);
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$1(cache.inflight[k]);
+             delete cache.inflight[k];
+           }
+         });
+         tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+           return loadNextTilePage(which, url, tile);
+         });
+       }
+       /**
+        * loadNextTilePage() load data for the next tile page in line.
+        */
 
-             if (!include.length) {
-               if (this._strict) {
-                 throw new Error("validateLocationSet:  LocationSet includes nothing.");
-               } else {
-                 // non-strict mode, replace an empty locationSet with one that includes "the world"
-                 locationSet.include = ['Q2'];
-                 include = [{
-                   type: 'countrycoder',
-                   location: 'Q2',
-                   id: 'Q2'
-                 }];
-               }
-             } // generate stable identifier
 
+       function loadNextTilePage(which, url, tile) {
+         var cache = _ssCache[which];
+         var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 0;
+         var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
+         if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
+         cache.inflight[id] = getBubbles(url, tile, function (bubbles) {
+           cache.loaded[id] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[id];
+           if (!bubbles) return; // [].shift() removes the first element, some statistics info, not a bubble point
 
-             include.sort(_sortLocations);
-             var id = '+[' + include.map(function (d) {
-               return d.id;
-             }).join(',') + ']';
+           bubbles.shift();
+           var features = bubbles.map(function (bubble) {
+             if (cache.points[bubble.id]) return null; // skip duplicates
 
-             if (exclude.length) {
-               exclude.sort(_sortLocations);
-               id += '-[' + exclude.map(function (d) {
-                 return d.id;
-               }).join(',') + ']';
+             var loc = [bubble.lo, bubble.la];
+             var d = {
+               loc: loc,
+               key: bubble.id,
+               ca: bubble.he,
+               captured_at: bubble.cd,
+               captured_by: 'microsoft',
+               // nbn: bubble.nbn,
+               // pbn: bubble.pbn,
+               // ad: bubble.ad,
+               // rn: bubble.rn,
+               pr: bubble.pr,
+               // previous
+               ne: bubble.ne,
+               // next
+               pano: true,
+               sequenceKey: null
+             };
+             cache.points[bubble.id] = d; // a sequence starts here
+
+             if (bubble.pr === undefined) {
+               cache.leaders.push(bubble.id);
              }
 
              return {
-               type: 'locationset',
-               locationSet: locationSet,
-               id: id
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
              };
-           } // resolveLocationSet
-           // `locationSet`  the locationSet to resolve
-           //
-           // Pass a locationSet Object to validate like:
-           //   {
-           //     include: [ Array of locations ],
-           //     exclude: [ Array of locations ]
-           //   }
-           //
-           // Returns a result like:
-           //   {
-           //     type:         'locationset'
-           //     locationSet:  the queried locationSet
-           //     id:           the stable identifier for the feature
-           //     feature:      the resolved GeoJSON feature
-           //   }
-           // or `null` if the locationSet is invalid
-           //
-
-         }, {
-           key: "resolveLocationSet",
-           value: function resolveLocationSet(locationSet) {
-             locationSet = locationSet || {};
-             var valid = this.validateLocationSet(locationSet);
-             if (!valid) return null;
-             var id = valid.id; // return a result from cache if we can
-
-             if (this._cache[id]) {
-               return Object.assign(valid, {
-                 feature: this._cache[id]
-               });
-             }
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+           cache.rtree.load(features);
+           connectSequences();
 
-             var resolver = this.resolveLocation.bind(this);
-             var include = (locationSet.include || []).map(resolver).filter(Boolean);
-             var exclude = (locationSet.exclude || []).map(resolver).filter(Boolean); // return quickly if it's a single included location..
+           if (which === 'bubbles') {
+             dispatch$1.call('loadedImages');
+           }
+         });
+       } // call this sometimes to connect the bubbles into sequences
 
-             if (include.length === 1 && exclude.length === 0) {
-               return Object.assign(valid, {
-                 feature: include[0].feature
-               });
-             } // calculate unions
 
+       function connectSequences() {
+         var cache = _ssCache.bubbles;
+         var keepLeaders = [];
 
-             var includeGeoJSON = include.map(function (d) {
-               return d.location;
-             }).reduce(_locationReducer.bind(this), null);
-             var excludeGeoJSON = exclude.map(function (d) {
-               return d.location;
-             }).reduce(_locationReducer.bind(this), null); // calculate difference, update `area` and return result
+         for (var i = 0; i < cache.leaders.length; i++) {
+           var bubble = cache.points[cache.leaders[i]];
+           var seen = {}; // try to make a sequence.. use the key of the leader bubble.
 
-             var resultGeoJSON = excludeGeoJSON ? _clip(includeGeoJSON, excludeGeoJSON, 'DIFFERENCE') : includeGeoJSON;
-             var area = geojsonArea.geometry(resultGeoJSON.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
+           var sequence = {
+             key: bubble.key,
+             bubbles: []
+           };
+           var complete = false;
 
-             resultGeoJSON.id = id;
-             resultGeoJSON.properties = {
-               id: id,
-               area: Number(area.toFixed(2))
-             };
-             this._cache[id] = resultGeoJSON;
-             return Object.assign(valid, {
-               feature: resultGeoJSON
-             });
-           } // strict
-           //
+           do {
+             sequence.bubbles.push(bubble);
+             seen[bubble.key] = true;
 
-         }, {
-           key: "strict",
-           value: function strict(val) {
-             if (val === undefined) {
-               // get
-               return this._strict;
+             if (bubble.ne === undefined) {
+               complete = true;
              } else {
-               // set
-               this._strict = val;
-               return this;
+               bubble = cache.points[bubble.ne]; // advance to next
              }
-           } // cache
-           // convenience method to access the internal cache
+           } while (bubble && !seen[bubble.key] && !complete);
 
-         }, {
-           key: "cache",
-           value: function cache() {
-             return this._cache;
-           } // stringify
-           // convenience method to prettyStringify the given object
+           if (complete) {
+             _ssCache.sequences[sequence.key] = sequence; // assign bubbles to the sequence
 
-         }, {
-           key: "stringify",
-           value: function stringify(obj, options) {
-             return jsonStringifyPrettyCompact(obj, options);
-           }
-         }]);
+             for (var j = 0; j < sequence.bubbles.length; j++) {
+               sequence.bubbles[j].sequenceKey = sequence.key;
+             } // create a GeoJSON LineString
 
-         return _default;
-       }(); // Wrap the mfogel/polygon-clipping library and return a GeoJSON feature.
 
-       function _clip(a, b, which) {
-         var fn = {
-           UNION: index$1.union,
-           DIFFERENCE: index$1.difference
-         }[which];
-         var coords = fn(a.geometry.coordinates, b.geometry.coordinates);
-         return {
-           type: 'Feature',
-           properties: {},
-           geometry: {
-             type: whichType(coords),
-             coordinates: coords
+             sequence.geojson = {
+               type: 'LineString',
+               properties: {
+                 captured_at: sequence.bubbles[0] ? sequence.bubbles[0].captured_at : null,
+                 captured_by: sequence.bubbles[0] ? sequence.bubbles[0].captured_by : null,
+                 key: sequence.key
+               },
+               coordinates: sequence.bubbles.map(function (d) {
+                 return d.loc;
+               })
+             };
+           } else {
+             keepLeaders.push(cache.leaders[i]);
            }
-         }; // is this a Polygon or a MultiPolygon?
-
-         function whichType(coords) {
-           var a = Array.isArray(coords);
-           var b = a && Array.isArray(coords[0]);
-           var c = b && Array.isArray(coords[0][0]);
-           var d = c && Array.isArray(coords[0][0][0]);
-           return d ? 'MultiPolygon' : 'Polygon';
-         }
-       } // Reduce an array of locations into a single GeoJSON feature
+         } // couldn't complete these, save for later
 
 
-       function _locationReducer(accumulator, location) {
-         /* eslint-disable no-console, no-invalid-this */
-         var result;
+         cache.leaders = keepLeaders;
+       }
+       /**
+        * getBubbles() handles the request to the server for a tile extent of 'bubbles' (streetside image locations).
+        */
 
-         try {
-           var resolved = this.resolveLocation(location);
 
-           if (!resolved || !resolved.feature) {
-             console.warn("Warning:  Couldn't resolve location \"".concat(location, "\""));
-             return accumulator;
+       function getBubbles(url, tile, callback) {
+         var rect = tile.extent.rectangle();
+         var urlForRequest = url + utilQsString({
+           n: rect[3],
+           s: rect[1],
+           e: rect[2],
+           w: rect[0],
+           c: maxResults,
+           appkey: bubbleAppKey,
+           jsCallback: '{callback}'
+         });
+         return jsonpRequest(urlForRequest, function (data) {
+           if (!data || data.error) {
+             callback(null);
+           } else {
+             callback(data);
            }
+         });
+       } // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
 
-           result = !accumulator ? resolved.feature : _clip(accumulator, resolved.feature, 'UNION');
-         } catch (e) {
-           console.warn("Warning:  Error resolving location \"".concat(location, "\""));
-           console.warn(e);
-           result = accumulator;
-         }
 
-         return result;
-         /* eslint-enable no-console, no-invalid-this */
-       }
+       function partitionViewport(projection) {
+         var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+         var z2 = Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2 + 2.5; // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
 
-       function _cloneDeep(obj) {
-         return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
-       } // Sorting the location lists is ok because they end up unioned together.
-       // This sorting makes it possible to generate a deterministic id.
+         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
+         return tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
+           return tile.extent;
+         });
+       } // no more than `limit` results per partition.
 
 
-       function _sortLocations(a, b) {
-         var rank = {
-           countrycoder: 1,
-           geojson: 2,
-           point: 3
-         };
-         var aRank = rank[a.type];
-         var bRank = rank[b.type];
-         return aRank > bRank ? 1 : aRank < bRank ? -1 : a.id.localeCompare(b.id);
+       function searchLimited(limit, projection, rtree) {
+         limit = limit || 5;
+         return partitionViewport(projection).reduce(function (result, extent) {
+           var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox()).slice(0, limit).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+           return found.length ? result.concat(found) : result;
+         }, []);
        }
+       /**
+        * loadImage()
+        */
 
-       var _oci = null;
-       function uiSuccess(context) {
-         var MAXEVENTS = 2;
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel');
-
-         var _changeset;
-
-         var _location;
 
-         ensureOSMCommunityIndex(); // start fetching the data
+       function loadImage(imgInfo) {
+         return new Promise(function (resolve) {
+           var img = new Image();
 
-         function ensureOSMCommunityIndex() {
-           var data = _mainFileFetcher;
-           return Promise.all([data.get('oci_resources'), data.get('oci_features')]).then(function (vals) {
-             if (_oci) return _oci;
-             var ociResources = vals[0].resources;
-             var loco = new _default$3(vals[1]);
-             var ociFeatures = {};
-             Object.values(ociResources).forEach(function (resource) {
-               var feature = loco.resolveLocationSet(resource.locationSet).feature;
-               var ociFeature = ociFeatures[feature.id];
+           img.onload = function () {
+             var canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + imgInfo.face);
+             var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
+             ctx.drawImage(img, imgInfo.x, imgInfo.y);
+             resolve({
+               imgInfo: imgInfo,
+               status: 'ok'
+             });
+           };
 
-               if (!ociFeature) {
-                 ociFeature = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(feature)); // deep clone
+           img.onerror = function () {
+             resolve({
+               data: imgInfo,
+               status: 'error'
+             });
+           };
 
-                 ociFeature.properties.resourceIDs = new Set();
-                 ociFeatures[feature.id] = ociFeature;
-               }
+           img.setAttribute('crossorigin', '');
+           img.src = imgInfo.url;
+         });
+       }
+       /**
+        * loadCanvas()
+        */
 
-               ociFeature.properties.resourceIDs.add(resource.id);
-             });
-             return _oci = {
-               features: ociFeatures,
-               resources: ociResources,
-               query: whichPolygon_1({
-                 type: 'FeatureCollection',
-                 features: Object.values(ociFeatures)
-               })
-             };
-           });
-         } // string-to-date parsing in JavaScript is weird
 
+       function loadCanvas(imageGroup) {
+         return Promise.all(imageGroup.map(loadImage)).then(function (data) {
+           var canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + data[0].imgInfo.face);
+           var which = {
+             '01': 0,
+             '02': 1,
+             '03': 2,
+             '10': 3,
+             '11': 4,
+             '12': 5
+           };
+           var face = data[0].imgInfo.face;
+           _sceneOptions.cubeMap[which[face]] = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 1.0);
+           return {
+             status: 'loadCanvas for face ' + data[0].imgInfo.face + 'ok'
+           };
+         });
+       }
+       /**
+        * loadFaces()
+        */
 
-         function parseEventDate(when) {
-           if (!when) return;
-           var raw = when.trim();
-           if (!raw) return;
 
-           if (!/Z$/.test(raw)) {
-             // if no trailing 'Z', add one
-             raw += 'Z'; // this forces date to be parsed as a UTC date
-           }
+       function loadFaces(faceGroup) {
+         return Promise.all(faceGroup.map(loadCanvas)).then(function () {
+           return {
+             status: 'loadFaces done'
+           };
+         });
+       }
 
-           var parsed = new Date(raw);
-           return new Date(parsed.toUTCString().substr(0, 25)); // convert to local timezone
-         }
+       function setupCanvas(selection, reset) {
+         if (reset) {
+           selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases').remove();
+         } // Add the Streetside working canvases. These are used for 'stitching', or combining,
+         // multiple images for each of the six faces, before passing to the Pannellum control as DataUrls
 
-         function success(selection) {
-           var header = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
-           header.append('h3').html(_t.html('success.just_edited'));
-           header.append('button').attr('class', 'close').on('click', function () {
-             return dispatch$1.call('cancel');
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-           var body = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'body save-success fillL');
-           var summary = body.append('div').attr('class', 'save-summary');
-           summary.append('h3').html(_t.html('success.thank_you' + (_location ? '_location' : ''), {
-             where: _location
-           }));
-           summary.append('p').html(_t.html('success.help_html')).append('a').attr('class', 'link-out').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', _t('success.help_link_url')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').html(_t.html('success.help_link_text'));
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           if (!osm) return;
-           var changesetURL = osm.changesetURL(_changeset.id);
-           var table = summary.append('table').attr('class', 'summary-table');
-           var row = table.append('tr').attr('class', 'summary-row');
-           row.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-icon summary-icon').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', changesetURL).append('svg').attr('class', 'logo-small').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-osm');
-           var summaryDetail = row.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-detail');
-           summaryDetail.append('a').attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-view-on-osm').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', changesetURL).html(_t.html('success.view_on_osm'));
-           summaryDetail.append('div').html(_t.html('success.changeset_id', {
-             changeset_id: "<a href=\"".concat(changesetURL, "\" target=\"_blank\">").concat(_changeset.id, "</a>")
-           })); // Get OSM community index features intersecting the map..
 
-           ensureOSMCommunityIndex().then(function (oci) {
-             var communities = [];
-             var properties = oci.query(context.map().center(), true) || []; // Gather the communities from the result
-
-             properties.forEach(function (props) {
-               var resourceIDs = Array.from(props.resourceIDs);
-               resourceIDs.forEach(function (resourceID) {
-                 var resource = oci.resources[resourceID];
-                 communities.push({
-                   area: props.area || Infinity,
-                   order: resource.order || 0,
-                   resource: resource
-                 });
-               });
-             }); // sort communities by feature area ascending, community order descending
+         selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('id', 'ideditor-stitcher-canvases').attr('display', 'none').selectAll('canvas').data(['canvas01', 'canvas02', 'canvas03', 'canvas10', 'canvas11', 'canvas12']).enter().append('canvas').attr('id', function (d) {
+           return 'ideditor-' + d;
+         }).attr('width', _resolution).attr('height', _resolution);
+       }
 
-             communities.sort(function (a, b) {
-               return a.area - b.area || b.order - a.order;
-             });
-             body.call(showCommunityLinks, communities.map(function (c) {
-               return c.resource;
-             }));
-           });
-         }
+       function qkToXY(qk) {
+         var x = 0;
+         var y = 0;
+         var scale = 256;
 
-         function showCommunityLinks(selection, resources) {
-           var communityLinks = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'save-communityLinks');
-           communityLinks.append('h3').html(_t.html('success.like_osm'));
-           var table = communityLinks.append('table').attr('class', 'community-table');
-           var row = table.selectAll('.community-row').data(resources);
-           var rowEnter = row.enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'community-row');
-           rowEnter.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-icon community-icon').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function (d) {
-             return d.url;
-           }).append('svg').attr('class', 'logo-small').append('use').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-             return "#community-".concat(d.type);
-           });
-           var communityDetail = rowEnter.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-detail community-detail');
-           communityDetail.each(showCommunityDetails);
-           communityLinks.append('div').attr('class', 'community-missing').html(_t.html('success.missing')).append('a').attr('class', 'link-out').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmlab/osm-community-index/issues').append('span').html(_t.html('success.tell_us'));
+         for (var i = qk.length; i > 0; i--) {
+           var key = qk[i - 1];
+           x += +(key === '1' || key === '3') * scale;
+           y += +(key === '2' || key === '3') * scale;
+           scale *= 2;
          }
 
-         function showCommunityDetails(d) {
-           var selection = select(this);
-           var communityID = d.id;
-           var replacements = {
-             url: linkify(d.url),
-             signupUrl: linkify(d.signupUrl || d.url)
-           };
-           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'community-name').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', d.url).html(_t.html("community.".concat(d.id, ".name")));
-           var descriptionHTML = _t.html("community.".concat(d.id, ".description"), replacements);
-
-           if (d.type === 'reddit') {
-             // linkify subreddits  #4997
-             descriptionHTML = descriptionHTML.replace(/(\/r\/\w*\/*)/i, function (match) {
-               return linkify(d.url, match);
-             });
-           }
+         return [x, y];
+       }
 
-           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'community-description').html(descriptionHTML);
+       function getQuadKeys() {
+         var dim = _resolution / 256;
+         var quadKeys;
 
-           if (d.extendedDescription || d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length) {
-             selection.append('div').call(uiDisclosure(context, "community-more-".concat(d.id), false).expanded(false).updatePreference(false).label(_t.html('success.more')).content(showMore));
-           }
+         if (dim === 16) {
+           quadKeys = ['0000', '0001', '0010', '0011', '0100', '0101', '0110', '0111', '1000', '1001', '1010', '1011', '1100', '1101', '1110', '1111', '0002', '0003', '0012', '0013', '0102', '0103', '0112', '0113', '1002', '1003', '1012', '1013', '1102', '1103', '1112', '1113', '0020', '0021', '0030', '0031', '0120', '0121', '0130', '0131', '1020', '1021', '1030', '1031', '1120', '1121', '1130', '1131', '0022', '0023', '0032', '0033', '0122', '0123', '0132', '0133', '1022', '1023', '1032', '1033', '1122', '1123', '1132', '1133', '0200', '0201', '0210', '0211', '0300', '0301', '0310', '0311', '1200', '1201', '1210', '1211', '1300', '1301', '1310', '1311', '0202', '0203', '0212', '0213', '0302', '0303', '0312', '0313', '1202', '1203', '1212', '1213', '1302', '1303', '1312', '1313', '0220', '0221', '0230', '0231', '0320', '0321', '0330', '0331', '1220', '1221', '1230', '1231', '1320', '1321', '1330', '1331', '0222', '0223', '0232', '0233', '0322', '0323', '0332', '0333', '1222', '1223', '1232', '1233', '1322', '1323', '1332', '1333', '2000', '2001', '2010', '2011', '2100', '2101', '2110', '2111', '3000', '3001', '3010', '3011', '3100', '3101', '3110', '3111', '2002', '2003', '2012', '2013', '2102', '2103', '2112', '2113', '3002', '3003', '3012', '3013', '3102', '3103', '3112', '3113', '2020', '2021', '2030', '2031', '2120', '2121', '2130', '2131', '3020', '3021', '3030', '3031', '3120', '3121', '3130', '3131', '2022', '2023', '2032', '2033', '2122', '2123', '2132', '2133', '3022', '3023', '3032', '3033', '3122', '3123', '3132', '3133', '2200', '2201', '2210', '2211', '2300', '2301', '2310', '2311', '3200', '3201', '3210', '3211', '3300', '3301', '3310', '3311', '2202', '2203', '2212', '2213', '2302', '2303', '2312', '2313', '3202', '3203', '3212', '3213', '3302', '3303', '3312', '3313', '2220', '2221', '2230', '2231', '2320', '2321', '2330', '2331', '3220', '3221', '3230', '3231', '3320', '3321', '3330', '3331', '2222', '2223', '2232', '2233', '2322', '2323', '2332', '2333', '3222', '3223', '3232', '3233', '3322', '3323', '3332', '3333'];
+         } else if (dim === 8) {
+           quadKeys = ['000', '001', '010', '011', '100', '101', '110', '111', '002', '003', '012', '013', '102', '103', '112', '113', '020', '021', '030', '031', '120', '121', '130', '131', '022', '023', '032', '033', '122', '123', '132', '133', '200', '201', '210', '211', '300', '301', '310', '311', '202', '203', '212', '213', '302', '303', '312', '313', '220', '221', '230', '231', '320', '321', '330', '331', '222', '223', '232', '233', '322', '323', '332', '333'];
+         } else if (dim === 4) {
+           quadKeys = ['00', '01', '10', '11', '02', '03', '12', '13', '20', '21', '30', '31', '22', '23', '32', '33'];
+         } else {
+           // dim === 2
+           quadKeys = ['0', '1', '2', '3'];
+         }
 
-           var nextEvents = (d.events || []).map(function (event) {
-             event.date = parseEventDate(event.when);
-             return event;
-           }).filter(function (event) {
-             // date is valid and future (or today)
-             var t = event.date.getTime();
-             var now = new Date().setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
-             return !isNaN(t) && t >= now;
-           }).sort(function (a, b) {
-             // sort by date ascending
-             return a.date < b.date ? -1 : a.date > b.date ? 1 : 0;
-           }).slice(0, MAXEVENTS); // limit number of events shown
+         return quadKeys;
+       }
 
-           if (nextEvents.length) {
-             selection.append('div').call(uiDisclosure(context, "community-events-".concat(d.id), false).expanded(false).updatePreference(false).label(_t.html('success.events')).content(showNextEvents)).select('.hide-toggle').append('span').attr('class', 'badge-text').html(nextEvents.length);
+       var serviceStreetside = {
+         /**
+          * init() initialize streetside.
+          */
+         init: function init() {
+           if (!_ssCache) {
+             this.reset();
            }
 
-           function showMore(selection) {
-             var more = selection.selectAll('.community-more').data([0]);
-             var moreEnter = more.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'community-more');
-
-             if (d.extendedDescription) {
-               moreEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-extended-description').html(_t.html("community.".concat(d.id, ".extendedDescription"), replacements));
-             }
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         },
 
-             if (d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length) {
-               var languageList = d.languageCodes.map(function (code) {
-                 return _mainLocalizer.languageName(code);
-               }).join(', ');
-               moreEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-languages').html(_t.html('success.languages', {
-                 languages: languageList
-               }));
-             }
+         /**
+          * reset() reset the cache.
+          */
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_ssCache) {
+             Object.values(_ssCache.bubbles.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$1);
            }
 
-           function showNextEvents(selection) {
-             var events = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'community-events');
-             var item = events.selectAll('.community-event').data(nextEvents);
-             var itemEnter = item.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'community-event');
-             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-name').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function (d) {
-               return d.url;
-             }).html(function (d) {
-               var name = d.name;
-
-               if (d.i18n && d.id) {
-                 name = _t("community.".concat(communityID, ".events.").concat(d.id, ".name"), {
-                   "default": name
-                 });
-               }
-
-               return name;
-             });
-             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-when').html(function (d) {
-               var options = {
-                 weekday: 'short',
-                 day: 'numeric',
-                 month: 'short',
-                 year: 'numeric'
-               };
-
-               if (d.date.getHours() || d.date.getMinutes()) {
-                 // include time if it has one
-                 options.hour = 'numeric';
-                 options.minute = 'numeric';
-               }
+           _ssCache = {
+             bubbles: {
+               inflight: {},
+               loaded: {},
+               nextPage: {},
+               rtree: new RBush(),
+               points: {},
+               leaders: []
+             },
+             sequences: {}
+           };
+         },
 
-               return d.date.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-             });
-             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-where').html(function (d) {
-               var where = d.where;
+         /**
+          * bubbles()
+          */
+         bubbles: function bubbles(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited(limit, projection, _ssCache.bubbles.rtree);
+         },
+         cachedImage: function cachedImage(imageKey) {
+           return _ssCache.bubbles.points[imageKey];
+         },
+         sequences: function sequences(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           var seen = {};
+           var results = []; // all sequences for bubbles in viewport
 
-               if (d.i18n && d.id) {
-                 where = _t("community.".concat(communityID, ".events.").concat(d.id, ".where"), {
-                   "default": where
-                 });
-               }
+           _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(bbox).forEach(function (d) {
+             var key = d.data.sequenceKey;
 
-               return where;
-             });
-             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-description').html(function (d) {
-               var description = d.description;
+             if (key && !seen[key]) {
+               seen[key] = true;
+               results.push(_ssCache.sequences[key].geojson);
+             }
+           });
 
-               if (d.i18n && d.id) {
-                 description = _t("community.".concat(communityID, ".events.").concat(d.id, ".description"), {
-                   "default": description
-                 });
-               }
+           return results;
+         },
 
-               return description;
-             });
-           }
+         /**
+          * loadBubbles()
+          */
+         loadBubbles: function loadBubbles(projection, margin) {
+           // by default: request 2 nearby tiles so we can connect sequences.
+           if (margin === undefined) margin = 2;
+           loadTiles('bubbles', bubbleApi, projection, margin);
+         },
+         viewer: function viewer() {
+           return _pannellumViewer;
+         },
+         initViewer: function initViewer() {
+           if (!window.pannellum) return;
+           if (_pannellumViewer) return;
+           _currScene += 1;
 
-           function linkify(url, text) {
-             text = text || url;
-             return "<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"".concat(url, "\">").concat(text, "</a>");
-           }
-         }
+           var sceneID = _currScene.toString();
 
-         success.changeset = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _changeset;
-           _changeset = val;
-           return success;
-         };
+           var options = {
+             'default': {
+               firstScene: sceneID
+             },
+             scenes: {}
+           };
+           options.scenes[sceneID] = _sceneOptions;
+           _pannellumViewer = window.pannellum.viewer('ideditor-viewer-streetside', options);
+         },
+         ensureViewerLoaded: function ensureViewerLoaded(context) {
+           if (_loadViewerPromise) return _loadViewerPromise; // create ms-wrapper, a photo wrapper class
 
-         success.location = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _location;
-           _location = val;
-           return success;
-         };
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.ms-wrapper').data([0]); // inject ms-wrapper into the photoviewer div
+           // (used by all to house each custom photo viewer)
 
-         return utilRebind(success, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           var wrapEnter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'photo-wrapper ms-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           var that = this;
+           var pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse'; // inject div to support streetside viewer (pannellum) and attribution line
 
-       function modeSave(context) {
-         var mode = {
-           id: 'save'
-         };
-         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('modeSave');
-         var commit = uiCommit(context).on('cancel', cancel);
+           wrapEnter.append('div').attr('id', 'ideditor-viewer-streetside').on(pointerPrefix + 'down.streetside', function () {
+             select(window).on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', function () {
+               dispatch$1.call('viewerChanged');
+             }, true);
+           }).on(pointerPrefix + 'up.streetside pointercancel.streetside', function () {
+             select(window).on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', null); // continue dispatching events for a few seconds, in case viewer has inertia.
 
-         var _conflictsUi; // uiConflicts
+             var t = timer(function (elapsed) {
+               dispatch$1.call('viewerChanged');
 
+               if (elapsed > 2000) {
+                 t.stop();
+               }
+             });
+           }).append('div').attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');
+           var controlsEnter = wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap').append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.back', step(-1)).html('◄');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.forward', step(1)).html('►'); // create working canvas for stitching together images
 
-         var _location;
+           wrap = wrap.merge(wrapEnter).call(setupCanvas, true); // Register viewer resize handler
 
-         var _success;
+           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.streetside', function () {
+             if (_pannellumViewer) {
+               _pannellumViewer.resize();
+             }
+           });
+           _loadViewerPromise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+             var loadedCount = 0;
 
-         var uploader = context.uploader().on('saveStarted.modeSave', function () {
-           keybindingOff();
-         }) // fire off some async work that we want to be ready later
-         .on('willAttemptUpload.modeSave', prepareForSuccess).on('progressChanged.modeSave', showProgress).on('resultNoChanges.modeSave', function () {
-           cancel();
-         }).on('resultErrors.modeSave', showErrors).on('resultConflicts.modeSave', showConflicts).on('resultSuccess.modeSave', showSuccess);
+             function loaded() {
+               loadedCount += 1; // wait until both files are loaded
 
-         function cancel() {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-         }
+               if (loadedCount === 2) resolve();
+             }
 
-         function showProgress(num, total) {
-           var modal = context.container().select('.loading-modal .modal-section');
-           var progress = modal.selectAll('.progress').data([0]); // enter/update
+             var head = select('head'); // load streetside pannellum viewer css
 
-           progress.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'progress').merge(progress).text(_t('save.conflict_progress', {
-             num: num,
-             total: total
-           }));
-         }
+             head.selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewercss').data([0]).enter().append('link').attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewercss').attr('rel', 'stylesheet').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('href', context.asset(pannellumViewerCSS)).on('load.serviceStreetside', loaded).on('error.serviceStreetside', function () {
+               reject();
+             }); // load streetside pannellum viewer js
 
-         function showConflicts(changeset, conflicts, origChanges) {
-           var selection = context.container().select('.sidebar').append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar-component');
-           context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', true).classed('inactive', false);
-           _conflictsUi = uiConflicts(context).conflictList(conflicts).origChanges(origChanges).on('cancel', function () {
-             context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', false).classed('inactive', true);
-             selection.remove();
-             keybindingOn();
-             uploader.cancelConflictResolution();
-           }).on('save', function () {
-             context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', false).classed('inactive', true);
-             selection.remove();
-             uploader.processResolvedConflicts(changeset);
+             head.selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewerjs').data([0]).enter().append('script').attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewerjs').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('src', context.asset(pannellumViewerJS)).on('load.serviceStreetside', loaded).on('error.serviceStreetside', function () {
+               reject();
+             });
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             _loadViewerPromise = null;
            });
-           selection.call(_conflictsUi);
-         }
+           return _loadViewerPromise;
 
-         function showErrors(errors) {
-           keybindingOn();
-           var selection = uiConfirm(context.container());
-           selection.select('.modal-section.header').append('h3').text(_t('save.error'));
-           addErrors(selection, errors);
-           selection.okButton();
-         }
+           function step(stepBy) {
+             return function () {
+               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+               var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+               if (!selected) return;
+               var nextID = stepBy === 1 ? selected.ne : selected.pr;
 
-         function addErrors(selection, data) {
-           var message = selection.select('.modal-section.message-text');
-           var items = message.selectAll('.error-container').data(data);
-           var enter = items.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-container');
-           enter.append('a').attr('class', 'error-description').attr('href', '#').classed('hide-toggle', true).text(function (d) {
-             return d.msg || _t('save.unknown_error_details');
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             var error = select(this);
-             var detail = select(this.nextElementSibling);
-             var exp = error.classed('expanded');
-             detail.style('display', exp ? 'none' : 'block');
-             error.classed('expanded', !exp);
-           });
-           var details = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'error-detail-container').style('display', 'none');
-           details.append('ul').attr('class', 'error-detail-list').selectAll('li').data(function (d) {
-             return d.details || [];
-           }).enter().append('li').attr('class', 'error-detail-item').text(function (d) {
-             return d;
-           });
-           items.exit().remove();
-         }
+               var yaw = _pannellumViewer.getYaw();
 
-         function showSuccess(changeset) {
-           commit.reset();
+               var ca = selected.ca + yaw;
+               var origin = selected.loc; // construct a search trapezoid pointing out from current bubble
 
-           var ui = _success.changeset(changeset).location(_location).on('cancel', function () {
-             context.ui().sidebar.hide();
-           });
+               var meters = 35;
+               var p1 = [origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]), origin[1]];
+               var p2 = [origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]), origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)];
+               var p3 = [origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]), origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)];
+               var p4 = [origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]), origin[1]];
+               var poly = [p1, p2, p3, p4, p1]; // rotate it to face forward/backward
 
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context).sidebar(ui));
-         }
+               var angle = (stepBy === 1 ? ca : ca + 180) * (Math.PI / 180);
+               poly = geoRotate(poly, -angle, origin);
+               var extent = poly.reduce(function (extent, point) {
+                 return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
+               }, geoExtent()); // find nearest other bubble in the search polygon
 
-         function keybindingOn() {
-           select(document).call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
-         }
+               var minDist = Infinity;
 
-         function keybindingOff() {
-           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
-         } // Reverse geocode current map location so we can display a message on
-         // the success screen like "Thank you for editing around place, region."
+               _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(extent.bbox()).forEach(function (d) {
+                 if (d.data.key === selected.key) return;
+                 if (!geoPointInPolygon(d.data.loc, poly)) return;
+                 var dist = geoVecLength(d.data.loc, selected.loc);
+                 var theta = selected.ca - d.data.ca;
+                 var minTheta = Math.min(Math.abs(theta), 360 - Math.abs(theta));
 
+                 if (minTheta > 20) {
+                   dist += 5; // penalize distance if camera angles don't match
+                 }
 
-         function prepareForSuccess() {
-           _success = uiSuccess(context);
-           _location = null;
-           if (!services.geocoder) return;
-           services.geocoder.reverse(context.map().center(), function (err, result) {
-             if (err || !result || !result.address) return;
-             var addr = result.address;
-             var place = addr && (addr.town || addr.city || addr.county) || '';
-             var region = addr && (addr.state || addr.country) || '';
-             var separator = place && region ? _t('success.thank_you_where.separator') : '';
-             _location = _t('success.thank_you_where.format', {
-               place: place,
-               separator: separator,
-               region: region
-             });
-           });
-         }
+                 if (dist < minDist) {
+                   nextID = d.data.key;
+                   minDist = dist;
+                 }
+               });
 
-         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
-           return _conflictsUi ? _conflictsUi.shownEntityIds() : [];
-         };
+               var nextBubble = nextID && that.cachedImage(nextID);
+               if (!nextBubble) return;
+               context.map().centerEase(nextBubble.loc);
+               that.selectImage(context, nextBubble.key).yaw(yaw).showViewer(context);
+             };
+           }
+         },
+         yaw: function yaw(_yaw) {
+           if (typeof _yaw !== 'number') return _yaw;
+           _sceneOptions.yaw = _yaw;
+           return this;
+         },
 
-         mode.enter = function () {
-           // Show sidebar
-           context.ui().sidebar.expand();
+         /**
+          * showViewer()
+          */
+         showViewer: function showViewer(context) {
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').classed('hide', false);
+           var isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper.hide').size();
 
-           function done() {
-             context.ui().sidebar.show(commit);
+           if (isHidden) {
+             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.ms-wrapper)').classed('hide', true);
+             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper').classed('hide', false);
            }
 
-           keybindingOn();
-           context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', false).classed('inactive', true);
-           var osm = context.connection();
+           return this;
+         },
 
-           if (!osm) {
-             cancel();
-             return;
-           }
+         /**
+          * hideViewer()
+          */
+         hideViewer: function hideViewer(context) {
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
+           viewer.classed('hide', true).selectAll('.photo-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign').classed('currentView', false);
+           this.updateUrlImage(null);
+           return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+         },
 
-           if (osm.authenticated()) {
-             done();
-           } else {
-             osm.authenticate(function (err) {
-               if (err) {
-                 cancel();
-               } else {
-                 done();
-               }
-             });
-           }
-         };
+         /**
+          * selectImage().
+          */
+         selectImage: function selectImage(context, key) {
+           var that = this;
+           var d = this.cachedImage(key);
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
+           this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .ms-wrapper');
+           var attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').html('');
+           wrap.selectAll('.pnlm-load-box') // display "loading.."
+           .style('display', 'block');
+           if (!d) return this;
+           this.updateUrlImage(key);
+           _sceneOptions.northOffset = d.ca;
+           var line1 = attribution.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-row');
+           var hiresDomId = utilUniqueDomId('streetside-hires'); // Add hires checkbox
 
-         mode.exit = function () {
-           keybindingOff();
-           context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', true).classed('inactive', false);
-           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
-         };
+           var label = line1.append('label').attr('for', hiresDomId).attr('class', 'streetside-hires');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').attr('id', hiresDomId).property('checked', _hires).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             _hires = !_hires;
+             _resolution = _hires ? 1024 : 512;
+             wrap.call(setupCanvas, true);
+             var viewstate = {
+               yaw: _pannellumViewer.getYaw(),
+               pitch: _pannellumViewer.getPitch(),
+               hfov: _pannellumViewer.getHfov()
+             };
+             _sceneOptions = Object.assign(_sceneOptions, viewstate);
+             that.selectImage(context, d.key).showViewer(context);
+           });
+           label.append('span').html(_t.html('streetside.hires'));
+           var captureInfo = line1.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-capture-info'); // Add capture date
 
-         return mode;
-       }
+           if (d.captured_by) {
+             var yyyy = new Date().getFullYear();
+             captureInfo.append('a').attr('class', 'captured_by').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/maps/streetside').html('©' + yyyy + ' Microsoft');
+             captureInfo.append('span').html('|');
+           }
 
-       function uiToolOldDrawModes(context) {
-         var tool = {
-           id: 'old_modes',
-           label: _t.html('toolbar.add_feature')
-         };
-         var modes = [modeAddPoint(context, {
-           title: _t.html('modes.add_point.title'),
-           button: 'point',
-           description: _t.html('modes.add_point.description'),
-           preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('point'),
-           key: '1'
-         }), modeAddLine(context, {
-           title: _t.html('modes.add_line.title'),
-           button: 'line',
-           description: _t.html('modes.add_line.description'),
-           preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('line'),
-           key: '2'
-         }), modeAddArea(context, {
-           title: _t.html('modes.add_area.title'),
-           button: 'area',
-           description: _t.html('modes.add_area.description'),
-           preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('area'),
-           key: '3'
-         })];
+           if (d.captured_at) {
+             captureInfo.append('span').attr('class', 'captured_at').html(localeTimestamp(d.captured_at));
+           } // Add image links
 
-         function enabled() {
-           return osmEditable();
-         }
 
-         function osmEditable() {
-           return context.editable();
-         }
+           var line2 = attribution.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-row');
+           line2.append('a').attr('class', 'image-view-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps?cp=' + d.loc[1] + '~' + d.loc[0] + '&lvl=17&dir=' + d.ca + '&style=x&v=2&sV=1').html(_t.html('streetside.view_on_bing'));
+           line2.append('a').attr('class', 'image-report-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps/privacyreport/streetsideprivacyreport?bubbleid=' + encodeURIComponent(d.key) + '&focus=photo&lat=' + d.loc[1] + '&lng=' + d.loc[0] + '&z=17').html(_t.html('streetside.report'));
+           var bubbleIdQuadKey = d.key.toString(4);
+           var paddingNeeded = 16 - bubbleIdQuadKey.length;
 
-         modes.forEach(function (mode) {
-           context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function () {
-             if (!enabled()) return;
+           for (var i = 0; i < paddingNeeded; i++) {
+             bubbleIdQuadKey = '0' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
+           }
 
-             if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-             } else {
-               context.enter(mode);
-             }
-           });
-         });
+           var imgUrlPrefix = streetsideImagesApi + 'hs' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
+           var imgUrlSuffix = '.jpg?g=6338&n=z'; // Cubemap face code order matters here: front=01, right=02, back=03, left=10, up=11, down=12
 
-         tool.render = function (selection) {
-           var wrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'joined').style('display', 'flex');
+           var faceKeys = ['01', '02', '03', '10', '11', '12']; // Map images to cube faces
 
-           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
-             leading: true,
-             trailing: true
+           var quadKeys = getQuadKeys();
+           var faces = faceKeys.map(function (faceKey) {
+             return quadKeys.map(function (quadKey) {
+               var xy = qkToXY(quadKey);
+               return {
+                 face: faceKey,
+                 url: imgUrlPrefix + faceKey + quadKey + imgUrlSuffix,
+                 x: xy[0],
+                 y: xy[1]
+               };
+             });
            });
+           loadFaces(faces).then(function () {
+             if (!_pannellumViewer) {
+               that.initViewer();
+             } else {
+               // make a new scene
+               _currScene += 1;
 
-           context.map().on('move.modes', debouncedUpdate).on('drawn.modes', debouncedUpdate);
-           context.on('enter.modes', update);
-           update();
-
-           function update() {
-             var buttons = wrap.selectAll('button.add-button').data(modes, function (d) {
-               return d.id;
-             }); // exit
+               var sceneID = _currScene.toString();
 
-             buttons.exit().remove(); // enter
+               _pannellumViewer.addScene(sceneID, _sceneOptions).loadScene(sceneID); // remove previous scene
 
-             var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
-               return d.id + ' add-button bar-button';
-             }).on('click.mode-buttons', function (d3_event, d) {
-               if (!enabled()) return; // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
 
-               var currMode = context.mode().id;
-               if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) return;
+               if (_currScene > 2) {
+                 sceneID = (_currScene - 1).toString();
 
-               if (d.id === currMode) {
-                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               } else {
-                 context.enter(d);
+                 _pannellumViewer.removeScene(sceneID);
                }
-             }).call(uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(function (d) {
-               return d.description;
-             }).keys(function (d) {
-               return [d.key];
-             }).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar')));
-             buttonsEnter.each(function (d) {
-               select(this).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.button));
-             });
-             buttonsEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(function (mode) {
-               return mode.title;
-             }); // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
+             }
+           });
+           return this;
+         },
+         getSequenceKeyForBubble: function getSequenceKeyForBubble(d) {
+           return d && d.sequenceKey;
+         },
+         // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
+         // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
+         // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
+         setStyles: function setStyles(context, hovered, reset) {
+           if (reset) {
+             // reset all layers
+             context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', false).classed('hovered', false).classed('currentView', false);
+             context.container().selectAll('.sequence').classed('highlighted', false).classed('currentView', false);
+           }
+
+           var hoveredBubbleKey = hovered && hovered.key;
+           var hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(hovered);
+           var hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
+           var hoveredBubbleKeys = hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.bubbles.map(function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }) || [];
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+           var selectedBubbleKey = selected && selected.key;
+           var selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(selected);
+           var selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
+           var selectedBubbleKeys = selectedSequence && selectedSequence.bubbles.map(function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }) || []; // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
 
-             if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
-               context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
-             } // update
+           var highlightedBubbleKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredBubbleKeys, selectedBubbleKeys);
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return highlightedBubbleKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1;
+           }).classed('hovered', function (d) {
+             return d.key === hoveredBubbleKey;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.key === selectedBubbleKey;
+           });
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .sequence').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey;
+           }); // update viewfields if needed
 
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .viewfield-group .viewfield').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
 
-             buttons = buttons.merge(buttonsEnter).classed('disabled', function (d) {
-               return !enabled();
-             }).classed('active', function (d) {
-               return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button;
-             });
+           function viewfieldPath() {
+             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
+
+             if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedBubbleKey) {
+               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+             } else {
+               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+             }
            }
-         };
 
-         return tool;
-       }
+           return this;
+         },
+         updateUrlImage: function updateUrlImage(imageKey) {
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-       function uiToolNotes(context) {
-         var tool = {
-           id: 'notes',
-           label: _t.html('modes.add_note.label')
-         };
-         var mode = modeAddNote(context);
+             if (imageKey) {
+               hash.photo = 'streetside/' + imageKey;
+             } else {
+               delete hash.photo;
+             }
 
-         function enabled() {
-           return notesEnabled() && notesEditable();
-         }
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+           }
+         },
 
-         function notesEnabled() {
-           var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
-           return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
+         /**
+          * cache().
+          */
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _ssCache;
          }
+       };
 
-         function notesEditable() {
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           return context.map().notesEditable() && mode && mode.id !== 'save';
+       var _apibase = 'https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/api/4/';
+       var _inflight = {};
+       var _popularKeys = {};
+       var _taginfoCache = {};
+       var tag_sorts = {
+         point: 'count_nodes',
+         vertex: 'count_nodes',
+         area: 'count_ways',
+         line: 'count_ways'
+       };
+       var tag_sort_members = {
+         point: 'count_node_members',
+         vertex: 'count_node_members',
+         area: 'count_way_members',
+         line: 'count_way_members',
+         relation: 'count_relation_members'
+       };
+       var tag_filters = {
+         point: 'nodes',
+         vertex: 'nodes',
+         area: 'ways',
+         line: 'ways'
+       };
+       var tag_members_fractions = {
+         point: 'count_node_members_fraction',
+         vertex: 'count_node_members_fraction',
+         area: 'count_way_members_fraction',
+         line: 'count_way_members_fraction',
+         relation: 'count_relation_members_fraction'
+       };
+
+       function sets(params, n, o) {
+         if (params.geometry && o[params.geometry]) {
+           params[n] = o[params.geometry];
          }
 
-         context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function () {
-           if (!enabled()) return;
+         return params;
+       }
 
-           if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           } else {
-             context.enter(mode);
-           }
-         });
+       function setFilter(params) {
+         return sets(params, 'filter', tag_filters);
+       }
 
-         tool.render = function (selection) {
-           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
-             leading: true,
-             trailing: true
-           });
+       function setSort(params) {
+         return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sorts);
+       }
 
-           context.map().on('move.notes', debouncedUpdate).on('drawn.notes', debouncedUpdate);
-           context.on('enter.notes', update);
-           update();
+       function setSortMembers(params) {
+         return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sort_members);
+       }
 
-           function update() {
-             var showNotes = notesEnabled();
-             var data = showNotes ? [mode] : [];
-             var buttons = selection.selectAll('button.add-button').data(data, function (d) {
-               return d.id;
-             }); // exit
+       function clean(params) {
+         return utilObjectOmit(params, ['geometry', 'debounce']);
+       }
 
-             buttons.exit().remove(); // enter
+       function filterKeys(type) {
+         var count_type = type ? 'count_' + type : 'count_all';
+         return function (d) {
+           return parseFloat(d[count_type]) > 2500 || d.in_wiki;
+         };
+       }
 
-             var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
-               return d.id + ' add-button bar-button';
-             }).on('click.notes', function (d3_event, d) {
-               if (!enabled()) return; // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
+       function filterMultikeys(prefix) {
+         return function (d) {
+           // d.key begins with prefix, and d.key contains no additional ':'s
+           var re = new RegExp('^' + prefix + '(.*)$');
+           var matches = d.key.match(re) || [];
+           return matches.length === 2 && matches[1].indexOf(':') === -1;
+         };
+       }
 
-               var currMode = context.mode().id;
-               if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) return;
+       function filterValues(allowUpperCase) {
+         return function (d) {
+           if (d.value.match(/[;,]/) !== null) return false; // exclude some punctuation
 
-               if (d.id === currMode) {
-                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               } else {
-                 context.enter(d);
-               }
-             }).call(uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(function (d) {
-               return d.description;
-             }).keys(function (d) {
-               return [d.key];
-             }).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar')));
-             buttonsEnter.each(function (d) {
-               select(this).call(svgIcon(d.icon || '#iD-icon-' + d.button));
-             }); // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
+           if (!allowUpperCase && d.value.match(/[A-Z*]/) !== null) return false; // exclude uppercase letters
 
-             if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
-               context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
-             } // update
+           return parseFloat(d.fraction) > 0.0;
+         };
+       }
 
+       function filterRoles(geometry) {
+         return function (d) {
+           if (d.role === '') return false; // exclude empty role
 
-             buttons = buttons.merge(buttonsEnter).classed('disabled', function (d) {
-               return !enabled();
-             }).classed('active', function (d) {
-               return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button;
-             });
-           }
-         };
+           if (d.role.match(/[A-Z*;,]/) !== null) return false; // exclude uppercase letters and some punctuation
 
-         tool.uninstall = function () {
-           context.on('enter.editor.notes', null).on('exit.editor.notes', null).on('enter.notes', null);
-           context.map().on('move.notes', null).on('drawn.notes', null);
+           return parseFloat(d[tag_members_fractions[geometry]]) > 0.0;
          };
-
-         return tool;
        }
 
-       function uiToolSave(context) {
-         var tool = {
-           id: 'save',
-           label: _t.html('save.title')
+       function valKey(d) {
+         return {
+           value: d.key,
+           title: d.key
          };
-         var button = null;
-         var tooltipBehavior = null;
-         var history = context.history();
-         var key = uiCmd('⌘S');
-         var _numChanges = 0;
-
-         function isSaving() {
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           return mode && mode.id === 'save';
-         }
-
-         function isDisabled() {
-           return _numChanges === 0 || isSaving();
-         }
+       }
 
-         function save(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
+       function valKeyDescription(d) {
+         var obj = {
+           value: d.value,
+           title: d.description || d.value
+         };
 
-           if (!context.inIntro() && !isSaving() && history.hasChanges()) {
-             context.enter(modeSave(context));
-           }
+         if (d.count) {
+           obj.count = d.count;
          }
 
-         function bgColor() {
-           var step;
-
-           if (_numChanges === 0) {
-             return null;
-           } else if (_numChanges <= 50) {
-             step = _numChanges / 50;
-             return d3_interpolateRgb('#fff', '#ff8')(step); // white -> yellow
-           } else {
-             step = Math.min((_numChanges - 50) / 50, 1.0);
-             return d3_interpolateRgb('#ff8', '#f88')(step); // yellow -> red
-           }
-         }
+         return obj;
+       }
 
-         function updateCount() {
-           var val = history.difference().summary().length;
-           if (val === _numChanges) return;
-           _numChanges = val;
+       function roleKey(d) {
+         return {
+           value: d.role,
+           title: d.role
+         };
+       } // sort keys with ':' lower than keys without ':'
 
-           if (tooltipBehavior) {
-             tooltipBehavior.title(_t.html(_numChanges > 0 ? 'save.help' : 'save.no_changes')).keys([key]);
-           }
 
-           if (button) {
-             button.classed('disabled', isDisabled()).style('background', bgColor());
-             button.select('span.count').html(_numChanges);
-           }
-         }
+       function sortKeys(a, b) {
+         return a.key.indexOf(':') === -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') !== -1 ? -1 : a.key.indexOf(':') !== -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') === -1 ? 1 : 0;
+       }
 
-         tool.render = function (selection) {
-           tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(_t.html('save.no_changes')).keys([key]).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));
-           var lastPointerUpType;
-           button = selection.append('button').attr('class', 'save disabled bar-button').on('pointerup', function (d3_event) {
-             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             save(d3_event);
+       var debouncedRequest = debounce(request, 300, {
+         leading: false
+       });
 
-             if (_numChanges === 0 && (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen')) {
-               // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
-               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-icon-save').iconClass('disabled').label(_t.html('save.no_changes'))();
-             }
+       function request(url, params, exactMatch, callback, loaded) {
+         if (_inflight[url]) return;
+         if (checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback)) return;
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         _inflight[url] = controller;
+         d3_json(url, {
+           signal: controller.signal
+         }).then(function (result) {
+           delete _inflight[url];
+           if (loaded) loaded(null, result);
+         })["catch"](function (err) {
+           delete _inflight[url];
+           if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
+           if (loaded) loaded(err.message);
+         });
+       }
 
-             lastPointerUpType = null;
-           }).call(tooltipBehavior);
-           button.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-save'));
-           button.append('span').attr('class', 'count').attr('aria-hidden', 'true').html('0');
-           updateCount();
-           context.keybinding().on(key, save, true);
-           context.history().on('change.save', updateCount);
-           context.on('enter.save', function () {
-             if (button) {
-               button.classed('disabled', isDisabled());
+       function checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback) {
+         var rp = params.rp || 25;
+         var testQuery = params.query || '';
+         var testUrl = url;
 
-               if (isSaving()) {
-                 button.call(tooltipBehavior.hide);
-               }
-             }
-           });
-         };
+         do {
+           var hit = _taginfoCache[testUrl]; // exact match, or shorter match yielding fewer than max results (rp)
 
-         tool.uninstall = function () {
-           context.keybinding().off(key, true);
-           context.history().on('change.save', null);
-           context.on('enter.save', null);
-           button = null;
-           tooltipBehavior = null;
-         };
+           if (hit && (url === testUrl || hit.length < rp)) {
+             callback(null, hit);
+             return true;
+           } // don't try to shorten the query
 
-         return tool;
-       }
 
-       function uiToolSidebarToggle(context) {
-         var tool = {
-           id: 'sidebar_toggle',
-           label: _t.html('toolbar.inspect')
-         };
+           if (exactMatch || !testQuery.length) return false; // do shorten the query to see if we already have a cached result
+           // that has returned fewer than max results (rp)
 
-         tool.render = function (selection) {
-           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'bar-button').on('click', function () {
-             context.ui().sidebar.toggle();
-           }).call(uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(_t.html('sidebar.tooltip')).keys([_t('sidebar.key')]).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'))).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-sidebar-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')));
-         };
+           testQuery = testQuery.slice(0, -1);
+           testUrl = url.replace(/&query=(.*?)&/, '&query=' + testQuery + '&');
+         } while (testQuery.length >= 0);
 
-         return tool;
+         return false;
        }
 
-       function uiToolUndoRedo(context) {
-         var tool = {
-           id: 'undo_redo',
-           label: _t.html('toolbar.undo_redo')
-         };
-         var commands = [{
-           id: 'undo',
-           cmd: uiCmd('⌘Z'),
-           action: function action() {
-             context.undo();
-           },
-           annotation: function annotation() {
-             return context.history().undoAnnotation();
-           },
-           icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')
-         }, {
-           id: 'redo',
-           cmd: uiCmd('⌘⇧Z'),
-           action: function action() {
-             context.redo();
-           },
-           annotation: function annotation() {
-             return context.history().redoAnnotation();
-           },
-           icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'undo' : 'redo')
-         }];
-
-         function editable() {
-           return context.mode() && context.mode().id !== 'save' && context.map().editableDataEnabled(true
-           /* ignore min zoom */
-           );
-         }
+       var serviceTaginfo = {
+         init: function init() {
+           _inflight = {};
+           _taginfoCache = {};
+           _popularKeys = {
+             // manually exclude some keys – #5377, #7485
+             postal_code: true,
+             full_name: true,
+             loc_name: true,
+             reg_name: true,
+             short_name: true,
+             sorting_name: true,
+             artist_name: true,
+             nat_name: true,
+             long_name: true,
+             'bridge:name': true
+           }; // Fetch popular keys.  We'll exclude these from `values`
+           // lookups because they stress taginfo, and they aren't likely
+           // to yield meaningful autocomplete results.. see #3955
 
-         tool.render = function (selection) {
-           var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(function (d) {
-             return d.annotation() ? _t.html(d.id + '.tooltip', {
-               action: d.annotation()
-             }) : _t.html(d.id + '.nothing');
-           }).keys(function (d) {
-             return [d.cmd];
-           }).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));
-           var lastPointerUpType;
-           var buttons = selection.selectAll('button').data(commands).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'disabled ' + d.id + '-button bar-button';
-           }).on('pointerup', function (d3_event) {
-             // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
-             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             var annotation = d.annotation();
+           var params = {
+             rp: 100,
+             sortname: 'values_all',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             debounce: false,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           };
+           this.keys(params, function (err, data) {
+             if (err) return;
+             data.forEach(function (d) {
+               if (d.value === 'opening_hours') return; // exception
 
-             if (editable() && annotation) {
-               d.action();
+               _popularKeys[d.value] = true;
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           Object.values(_inflight).forEach(function (controller) {
+             controller.abort();
+           });
+           _inflight = {};
+         },
+         keys: function keys(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           params = clean(setSort(params));
+           params = Object.assign({
+             rp: 10,
+             sortname: 'count_all',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           }, params);
+           var url = _apibase + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               var f = filterKeys(params.filter);
+               var result = d.data.filter(f).sort(sortKeys).map(valKey);
+               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
+               callback(null, result);
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         multikeys: function multikeys(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           params = clean(setSort(params));
+           params = Object.assign({
+             rp: 25,
+             sortname: 'count_all',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           }, params);
+           var prefix = params.query;
+           var url = _apibase + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               var f = filterMultikeys(prefix);
+               var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKey);
+               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
+               callback(null, result);
              }
+           });
+         },
+         values: function values(params, callback) {
+           // Exclude popular keys from values lookups.. see #3955
+           var key = params.key;
 
-             if (editable() && (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen')) {
-               // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
-               var text = annotation ? _t(d.id + '.tooltip', {
-                 action: annotation
-               }) : _t(d.id + '.nothing');
-               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#' + d.icon).iconClass(annotation ? '' : 'disabled').label(text)();
+           if (key && _popularKeys[key]) {
+             callback(null, []);
+             return;
+           }
+
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           params = clean(setSort(setFilter(params)));
+           params = Object.assign({
+             rp: 25,
+             sortname: 'count_all',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           }, params);
+           var url = _apibase + 'key/values?' + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               // In most cases we prefer taginfo value results with lowercase letters.
+               // A few OSM keys expect values to contain uppercase values (see #3377).
+               // This is not an exhaustive list (e.g. `name` also has uppercase values)
+               // but these are the fields where taginfo value lookup is most useful.
+               var re = /network|taxon|genus|species|brand|grape_variety|royal_cypher|listed_status|booth|rating|stars|:output|_hours|_times|_ref|manufacturer|country|target|brewery/;
+               var allowUpperCase = re.test(params.key);
+               var f = filterValues(allowUpperCase);
+               var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKeyDescription);
+               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
+               callback(null, result);
              }
-
-             lastPointerUpType = null;
-           }).call(tooltipBehavior);
-           buttons.each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon));
            });
-           context.keybinding().on(commands[0].cmd, function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             if (editable()) commands[0].action();
-           }).on(commands[1].cmd, function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             if (editable()) commands[1].action();
+         },
+         roles: function roles(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           var geometry = params.geometry;
+           params = clean(setSortMembers(params));
+           params = Object.assign({
+             rp: 25,
+             sortname: 'count_all_members',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           }, params);
+           var url = _apibase + 'relation/roles?' + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               var f = filterRoles(geometry);
+               var result = d.data.filter(f).map(roleKey);
+               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
+               callback(null, result);
+             }
            });
+         },
+         docs: function docs(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           params = clean(setSort(params));
+           var path = 'key/wiki_pages?';
 
-           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
-             leading: true,
-             trailing: true
-           });
+           if (params.value) {
+             path = 'tag/wiki_pages?';
+           } else if (params.rtype) {
+             path = 'relation/wiki_pages?';
+           }
 
-           context.map().on('move.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate).on('drawn.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate);
-           context.history().on('change.undo_redo', function (difference) {
-             if (difference) update();
+           var url = _apibase + path + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               _taginfoCache[url] = d.data;
+               callback(null, d.data);
+             }
            });
-           context.on('enter.undo_redo', update);
+         },
+         apibase: function apibase(_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _apibase;
+           _apibase = _;
+           return this;
+         }
+       };
 
-           function update() {
-             buttons.classed('disabled', function (d) {
-               return !editable() || !d.annotation();
-             }).each(function () {
-               var selection = select(this);
+       /**
+        * Wraps a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} in a GeoJSON {@link Feature}.
+        *
+        * @name feature
+        * @param {Geometry} geometry input geometry
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature} a GeoJSON Feature
+        * @example
+        * var geometry = {
+        *   "type": "Point",
+        *   "coordinates": [110, 50]
+        * };
+        *
+        * var feature = turf.feature(geometry);
+        *
+        * //=feature
+        */
 
-               if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
-                 selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
-               }
-             });
-           }
-         };
+       function feature(geom, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
+         }
 
-         tool.uninstall = function () {
-           context.keybinding().off(commands[0].cmd).off(commands[1].cmd);
-           context.map().on('move.undo_redo', null).on('drawn.undo_redo', null);
-           context.history().on('change.undo_redo', null);
-           context.on('enter.undo_redo', null);
+         var feat = {
+           type: "Feature"
          };
 
-         return tool;
-       }
-
-       function uiTopToolbar(context) {
-         var sidebarToggle = uiToolSidebarToggle(context),
-             modes = uiToolOldDrawModes(context),
-             notes = uiToolNotes(context),
-             undoRedo = uiToolUndoRedo(context),
-             save = uiToolSave(context);
+         if (options.id === 0 || options.id) {
+           feat.id = options.id;
+         }
 
-         function notesEnabled() {
-           var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
-           return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
+         if (options.bbox) {
+           feat.bbox = options.bbox;
          }
 
-         function topToolbar(bar) {
-           bar.on('wheel.topToolbar', function (d3_event) {
-             if (!d3_event.deltaX) {
-               // translate vertical scrolling into horizontal scrolling in case
-               // the user doesn't have an input device that can scroll horizontally
-               bar.node().scrollLeft += d3_event.deltaY;
-             }
-           });
+         feat.properties = properties || {};
+         feat.geometry = geom;
+         return feat;
+       }
+       /**
+        * Creates a {@link Polygon} {@link Feature} from an Array of LinearRings.
+        *
+        * @name polygon
+        * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LinearRings
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature<Polygon>} Polygon Feature
+        * @example
+        * var polygon = turf.polygon([[[-5, 52], [-4, 56], [-2, 51], [-7, 54], [-5, 52]]], { name: 'poly1' });
+        *
+        * //=polygon
+        */
 
-           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
-             leading: true,
-             trailing: true
-           });
+       function polygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
+         }
 
-           context.layers().on('change.topToolbar', debouncedUpdate);
-           update();
+         for (var _i = 0, coordinates_1 = coordinates; _i < coordinates_1.length; _i++) {
+           var ring = coordinates_1[_i];
 
-           function update() {
-             var tools = [sidebarToggle, 'spacer', modes];
-             tools.push('spacer');
+           if (ring.length < 4) {
+             throw new Error("Each LinearRing of a Polygon must have 4 or more Positions.");
+           }
 
-             if (notesEnabled()) {
-               tools = tools.concat([notes, 'spacer']);
+           for (var j = 0; j < ring[ring.length - 1].length; j++) {
+             // Check if first point of Polygon contains two numbers
+             if (ring[ring.length - 1][j] !== ring[0][j]) {
+               throw new Error("First and last Position are not equivalent.");
              }
-
-             tools = tools.concat([undoRedo, save]);
-             var toolbarItems = bar.selectAll('.toolbar-item').data(tools, function (d) {
-               return d.id || d;
-             });
-             toolbarItems.exit().each(function (d) {
-               if (d.uninstall) {
-                 d.uninstall();
-               }
-             }).remove();
-             var itemsEnter = toolbarItems.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-               var classes = 'toolbar-item ' + (d.id || d).replace('_', '-');
-               if (d.klass) classes += ' ' + d.klass;
-               return classes;
-             });
-             var actionableItems = itemsEnter.filter(function (d) {
-               return d !== 'spacer';
-             });
-             actionableItems.append('div').attr('class', 'item-content').each(function (d) {
-               select(this).call(d.render, bar);
-             });
-             actionableItems.append('div').attr('class', 'item-label').html(function (d) {
-               return d.label;
-             });
            }
          }
 
-         return topToolbar;
+         var geom = {
+           type: "Polygon",
+           coordinates: coordinates
+         };
+         return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
+       /**
+        * Creates a {@link LineString} {@link Feature} from an Array of Positions.
+        *
+        * @name lineString
+        * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Positions
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature<LineString>} LineString Feature
+        * @example
+        * var linestring1 = turf.lineString([[-24, 63], [-23, 60], [-25, 65], [-20, 69]], {name: 'line 1'});
+        * var linestring2 = turf.lineString([[-14, 43], [-13, 40], [-15, 45], [-10, 49]], {name: 'line 2'});
+        *
+        * //=linestring1
+        * //=linestring2
+        */
 
-       var sawVersion = null;
-       var isNewVersion = false;
-       var isNewUser = false;
-       function uiVersion(context) {
-         var currVersion = context.version;
-         var matchedVersion = currVersion.match(/\d+\.\d+\.\d+.*/);
-
-         if (sawVersion === null && matchedVersion !== null) {
-           if (corePreferences('sawVersion')) {
-             isNewUser = false;
-             isNewVersion = corePreferences('sawVersion') !== currVersion && currVersion.indexOf('-') === -1;
-           } else {
-             isNewUser = true;
-             isNewVersion = true;
-           }
-
-           corePreferences('sawVersion', currVersion);
-           sawVersion = currVersion;
+       function lineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
          }
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           selection.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD').html(currVersion); // only show new version indicator to users that have used iD before
+         if (coordinates.length < 2) {
+           throw new Error("coordinates must be an array of two or more positions");
+         }
 
-           if (isNewVersion && !isNewUser) {
-             selection.append('a').attr('class', 'badge').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/CHANGELOG.md#whats-new').call(svgIcon('#maki-gift-11')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('version.whats_new', {
-               version: currVersion
-             })).placement('top').scrollContainer(context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap')));
-           }
+         var geom = {
+           type: "LineString",
+           coordinates: coordinates
          };
+         return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
+       /**
+        * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiLineString>} based on a
+        * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
+        *
+        * @name multiLineString
+        * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LineStrings
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature<MultiLineString>} a MultiLineString feature
+        * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
+        * @example
+        * var multiLine = turf.multiLineString([[[0,0],[10,10]]]);
+        *
+        * //=multiLine
+        */
 
-       function uiZoom(context) {
-         var zooms = [{
-           id: 'zoom-in',
-           icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
-           title: _t.html('zoom.in'),
-           action: zoomIn,
-           disabled: function disabled() {
-             return !context.map().canZoomIn();
-           },
-           disabledTitle: _t.html('zoom.disabled.in'),
-           key: '+'
-         }, {
-           id: 'zoom-out',
-           icon: 'iD-icon-minus',
-           title: _t.html('zoom.out'),
-           action: zoomOut,
-           disabled: function disabled() {
-             return !context.map().canZoomOut();
-           },
-           disabledTitle: _t.html('zoom.disabled.out'),
-           key: '-'
-         }];
-
-         function zoomIn(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           context.map().zoomIn();
-         }
-
-         function zoomOut(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           context.map().zoomOut();
+       function multiLineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
          }
 
-         function zoomInFurther(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           context.map().zoomInFurther();
-         }
+         var geom = {
+           type: "MultiLineString",
+           coordinates: coordinates
+         };
+         return feature(geom, properties, options);
+       }
+       /**
+        * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiPolygon>} based on a
+        * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
+        *
+        * @name multiPolygon
+        * @param {Array<Array<Array<Array<number>>>>} coordinates an array of Polygons
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature<MultiPolygon>} a multipolygon feature
+        * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
+        * @example
+        * var multiPoly = turf.multiPolygon([[[[0,0],[0,10],[10,10],[10,0],[0,0]]]]);
+        *
+        * //=multiPoly
+        *
+        */
 
-         function zoomOutFurther(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           context.map().zoomOutFurther();
+       function multiPolygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
          }
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(function (d) {
-             if (d.disabled()) {
-               return d.disabledTitle;
-             }
-
-             return d.title;
-           }).keys(function (d) {
-             return [d.key];
-           });
-           var lastPointerUpType;
-           var buttons = selection.selectAll('button').data(zooms).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }).on('pointerup.editor', function (d3_event) {
-             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
-           }).on('click.editor', function (d3_event, d) {
-             if (!d.disabled()) {
-               d.action(d3_event);
-             } else if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
-               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#' + d.icon).iconClass('disabled').label(d.disabledTitle)();
-             }
-
-             lastPointerUpType = null;
-           }).call(tooltipBehavior);
-           buttons.each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon, 'light'));
-           });
-           utilKeybinding.plusKeys.forEach(function (key) {
-             context.keybinding().on([key], zoomIn);
-             context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌥' + key)], zoomInFurther);
-           });
-           utilKeybinding.minusKeys.forEach(function (key) {
-             context.keybinding().on([key], zoomOut);
-             context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌥' + key)], zoomOutFurther);
-           });
+         var geom = {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: coordinates
+         };
+         return feature(geom, properties, options);
+       }
 
-           function updateButtonStates() {
-             buttons.classed('disabled', function (d) {
-               return d.disabled();
-             }).each(function () {
-               var selection = select(this);
+       /**
+        * Get Geometry from Feature or Geometry Object
+        *
+        * @param {Feature|Geometry} geojson GeoJSON Feature or Geometry Object
+        * @returns {Geometry|null} GeoJSON Geometry Object
+        * @throws {Error} if geojson is not a Feature or Geometry Object
+        * @example
+        * var point = {
+        *   "type": "Feature",
+        *   "properties": {},
+        *   "geometry": {
+        *     "type": "Point",
+        *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
+        *   }
+        * }
+        * var geom = turf.getGeom(point)
+        * //={"type": "Point", "coordinates": [110, 40]}
+        */
 
-               if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
-                 selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
-               }
-             });
-           }
+       function getGeom(geojson) {
+         if (geojson.type === "Feature") {
+           return geojson.geometry;
+         }
 
-           updateButtonStates();
-           context.map().on('move.uiZoom', updateButtonStates);
-         };
+         return geojson;
        }
 
-       function uiZoomToSelection(context) {
-         function isDisabled() {
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           return !mode || !mode.zoomToSelected;
-         }
+       // Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm, adapted to efficiently
+       // handle polylines rather than just segments
+       function lineclip(points, bbox, result) {
+         var len = points.length,
+             codeA = bitCode(points[0], bbox),
+             part = [],
+             i,
+             codeB,
+             lastCode;
+         var a;
+         var b;
+         if (!result) result = [];
 
-         var _lastPointerUpType;
+         for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
+           a = points[i - 1];
+           b = points[i];
+           codeB = lastCode = bitCode(b, bbox);
 
-         function pointerup(d3_event) {
-           _lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
-         }
+           while (true) {
+             if (!(codeA | codeB)) {
+               // accept
+               part.push(a);
 
-         function click(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
+               if (codeB !== lastCode) {
+                 // segment went outside
+                 part.push(b);
 
-           if (isDisabled()) {
-             if (_lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || _lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
-               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-icon-framed-dot').iconClass('disabled').label(_t.html('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection'))();
-             }
-           } else {
-             var mode = context.mode();
+                 if (i < len - 1) {
+                   // start a new line
+                   result.push(part);
+                   part = [];
+                 }
+               } else if (i === len - 1) {
+                 part.push(b);
+               }
 
-             if (mode && mode.zoomToSelected) {
-               mode.zoomToSelected();
+               break;
+             } else if (codeA & codeB) {
+               // trivial reject
+               break;
+             } else if (codeA) {
+               // a outside, intersect with clip edge
+               a = intersect(a, b, codeA, bbox);
+               codeA = bitCode(a, bbox);
+             } else {
+               // b outside
+               b = intersect(a, b, codeB, bbox);
+               codeB = bitCode(b, bbox);
              }
            }
 
-           _lastPointerUpType = null;
+           codeA = lastCode;
          }
 
-         return function (selection) {
-           var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(function () {
-             if (isDisabled()) {
-               return _t.html('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection');
-             }
+         if (part.length) result.push(part);
+         return result;
+       } // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm
 
-             return _t.html('inspector.zoom_to.title');
-           }).keys([_t('inspector.zoom_to.key')]);
-           var button = selection.append('button').on('pointerup', pointerup).on('click', click).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'light')).call(tooltipBehavior);
+       function polygonclip(points, bbox) {
+         var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside; // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
 
-           function setEnabledState() {
-             button.classed('disabled', isDisabled());
+         for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
+           result = [];
+           prev = points[points.length - 1];
+           prevInside = !(bitCode(prev, bbox) & edge);
 
-             if (!button.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
-               button.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
-             }
-           }
+           for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+             p = points[i];
+             inside = !(bitCode(p, bbox) & edge); // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
 
-           context.on('enter.uiZoomToSelection', setEnabledState);
-           setEnabledState();
-         };
-       }
+             if (inside !== prevInside) result.push(intersect(prev, p, edge, bbox));
+             if (inside) result.push(p); // add a point if it's inside
 
-       function uiPane(id, context) {
-         var _key;
+             prev = p;
+             prevInside = inside;
+           }
 
-         var _label = '';
-         var _description = '';
-         var _iconName = '';
+           points = result;
+           if (!points.length) break;
+         }
 
-         var _sections; // array of uiSection objects
+         return result;
+       } // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox
 
+       function intersect(a, b, edge, bbox) {
+         return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] // top
+         : edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] // bottom
+         : edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] // right
+         : edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] // left
+         : null;
+       } // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:
+       //         left  mid  right
+       //    top  1001  1000  1010
+       //    mid  0001  0000  0010
+       // bottom  0101  0100  0110
 
-         var _paneSelection = select(null);
 
-         var _paneTooltip;
+       function bitCode(p, bbox) {
+         var code = 0;
+         if (p[0] < bbox[0]) code |= 1; // left
+         else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) code |= 2; // right
 
-         var pane = {
-           id: id
-         };
+         if (p[1] < bbox[1]) code |= 4; // bottom
+         else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) code |= 8; // top
 
-         pane.label = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
-           _label = val;
-           return pane;
-         };
+         return code;
+       }
 
-         pane.key = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _key;
-           _key = val;
-           return pane;
-         };
+       /**
+        * Takes a {@link Feature} and a bbox and clips the feature to the bbox using
+        * [lineclip](https://github.com/mapbox/lineclip).
+        * May result in degenerate edges when clipping Polygons.
+        *
+        * @name bboxClip
+        * @param {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} feature feature to clip to the bbox
+        * @param {BBox} bbox extent in [minX, minY, maxX, maxY] order
+        * @returns {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} clipped Feature
+        * @example
+        * var bbox = [0, 0, 10, 10];
+        * var poly = turf.polygon([[[2, 2], [8, 4], [12, 8], [3, 7], [2, 2]]]);
+        *
+        * var clipped = turf.bboxClip(poly, bbox);
+        *
+        * //addToMap
+        * var addToMap = [bbox, poly, clipped]
+        */
 
-         pane.description = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _description;
-           _description = val;
-           return pane;
-         };
+       function bboxClip(feature, bbox) {
+         var geom = getGeom(feature);
+         var type = geom.type;
+         var properties = feature.type === "Feature" ? feature.properties : {};
+         var coords = geom.coordinates;
 
-         pane.iconName = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _iconName;
-           _iconName = val;
-           return pane;
-         };
+         switch (type) {
+           case "LineString":
+           case "MultiLineString":
+             var lines_1 = [];
 
-         pane.sections = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _sections;
-           _sections = val;
-           return pane;
-         };
+             if (type === "LineString") {
+               coords = [coords];
+             }
 
-         pane.selection = function () {
-           return _paneSelection;
-         };
+             coords.forEach(function (line) {
+               lineclip(line, bbox, lines_1);
+             });
 
-         function hidePane() {
-           context.ui().togglePanes();
-         }
+             if (lines_1.length === 1) {
+               return lineString(lines_1[0], properties);
+             }
 
-         pane.togglePane = function (d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event) d3_event.preventDefault();
+             return multiLineString(lines_1, properties);
 
-           _paneTooltip.hide();
+           case "Polygon":
+             return polygon(clipPolygon(coords, bbox), properties);
 
-           context.ui().togglePanes(!_paneSelection.classed('shown') ? _paneSelection : undefined);
-         };
+           case "MultiPolygon":
+             return multiPolygon(coords.map(function (poly) {
+               return clipPolygon(poly, bbox);
+             }), properties);
 
-         pane.renderToggleButton = function (selection) {
-           if (!_paneTooltip) {
-             _paneTooltip = uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(_description).keys([_key]);
-           }
+           default:
+             throw new Error("geometry " + type + " not supported");
+         }
+       }
 
-           selection.append('button').on('click', pane.togglePane).call(svgIcon('#' + _iconName, 'light')).call(_paneTooltip);
-         };
+       function clipPolygon(rings, bbox) {
+         var outRings = [];
 
-         pane.renderContent = function (selection) {
-           // override to fully customize content
-           if (_sections) {
-             _sections.forEach(function (section) {
-               selection.call(section.render);
-             });
-           }
-         };
+         for (var _i = 0, rings_1 = rings; _i < rings_1.length; _i++) {
+           var ring = rings_1[_i];
+           var clipped = polygonclip(ring, bbox);
 
-         pane.renderPane = function (selection) {
-           _paneSelection = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'fillL map-pane hide ' + id + '-pane').attr('pane', id);
+           if (clipped.length > 0) {
+             if (clipped[0][0] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][0] || clipped[0][1] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][1]) {
+               clipped.push(clipped[0]);
+             }
 
-           var heading = _paneSelection.append('div').attr('class', 'pane-heading');
+             if (clipped.length >= 4) {
+               outRings.push(clipped);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           heading.append('h2').html(_label);
-           heading.append('button').on('click', hidePane).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+         return outRings;
+       }
 
-           _paneSelection.append('div').attr('class', 'pane-content').call(pane.renderContent);
+       var tiler = utilTiler().tileSize(512).margin(1);
+       var dispatch = dispatch$8('loadedData');
 
-           if (_key) {
-             context.keybinding().on(_key, pane.togglePane);
-           }
-         };
+       var _vtCache;
 
-         return pane;
+       function abortRequest(controller) {
+         controller.abort();
        }
 
-       function uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('background-display-options', context).label(_t.html('background.display_options')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+       function vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, mergeCache) {
+         var vectorTile$1 = new vectorTile.VectorTile(new pbf(data));
+         var layers = Object.keys(vectorTile$1.layers);
+
+         if (!Array.isArray(layers)) {
+           layers = [layers];
+         }
 
-         var _detected = utilDetect();
+         var features = [];
+         layers.forEach(function (layerID) {
+           var layer = vectorTile$1.layers[layerID];
 
-         var _storedOpacity = corePreferences('background-opacity');
+           if (layer) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+               var feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
+               var geometry = feature.geometry; // Treat all Polygons as MultiPolygons
 
-         var _minVal = 0;
+               if (geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
+                 geometry.type = 'MultiPolygon';
+                 geometry.coordinates = [geometry.coordinates];
+               }
 
-         var _maxVal = _detected.cssfilters ? 3 : 1;
+               var isClipped = false; // Clip to tile bounds
 
-         var _sliders = _detected.cssfilters ? ['brightness', 'contrast', 'saturation', 'sharpness'] : ['brightness'];
+               if (geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
+                 var featureClip = bboxClip(feature, tile.extent.rectangle());
 
-         var _options = {
-           brightness: _storedOpacity !== null ? +_storedOpacity : 1,
-           contrast: 1,
-           saturation: 1,
-           sharpness: 1
-         };
+                 if (!fastDeepEqual(feature.geometry, featureClip.geometry)) {
+                   // feature = featureClip;
+                   isClipped = true;
+                 }
 
-         function clamp(x, min, max) {
-           return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
-         }
+                 if (!feature.geometry.coordinates.length) continue; // not actually on this tile
 
-         function updateValue(d, val) {
-           val = clamp(val, _minVal, _maxVal);
-           _options[d] = val;
-           context.background()[d](val);
+                 if (!feature.geometry.coordinates[0].length) continue; // not actually on this tile
+               } // Generate some unique IDs and add some metadata
 
-           if (d === 'brightness') {
-             corePreferences('background-opacity', val);
-           }
 
-           section.reRender();
-         }
+               var featurehash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
+               var propertyhash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature.properties || {}));
+               feature.__layerID__ = layerID.replace(/[^_a-zA-Z0-9\-]/g, '_');
+               feature.__featurehash__ = featurehash;
+               feature.__propertyhash__ = propertyhash;
+               features.push(feature); // Clipped Polygons at same zoom with identical properties can get merged
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.display-options-container').data([0]);
-           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'display-options-container controls-list'); // add slider controls
+               if (isClipped && geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
+                 var merged = mergeCache[propertyhash];
 
-           var slidersEnter = containerEnter.selectAll('.display-control').data(_sliders).enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'display-control display-control-' + d;
-           });
-           slidersEnter.append('h5').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('background.' + d);
-           }).append('span').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'display-option-value display-option-value-' + d;
-           });
-           var sildersControlEnter = slidersEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'control-wrap');
-           sildersControlEnter.append('input').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'display-option-input display-option-input-' + d;
-           }).attr('type', 'range').attr('min', _minVal).attr('max', _maxVal).attr('step', '0.05').on('input', function (d3_event, d) {
-             var val = select(this).property('value');
+                 if (merged && merged.length) {
+                   var other = merged[0];
+                   var coords = index.union(feature.geometry.coordinates, other.geometry.coordinates);
 
-             if (!val && d3_event && d3_event.target) {
-               val = d3_event.target.value;
-             }
+                   if (!coords || !coords.length) {
+                     continue; // something failed in polygon union
+                   }
 
-             updateValue(d, val);
-           });
-           sildersControlEnter.append('button').attr('title', _t('background.reset')).attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'display-option-reset display-option-reset-' + d;
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
-             updateValue(d, 1);
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo'))); // reset all button
+                   merged.push(feature);
 
-           containerEnter.append('a').attr('class', 'display-option-resetlink').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('background.reset_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
+                   for (var j = 0; j < merged.length; j++) {
+                     // all these features get...
+                     merged[j].geometry.coordinates = coords; // same coords
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < _sliders.length; i++) {
-               updateValue(_sliders[i], 1);
+                     merged[j].__featurehash__ = featurehash; // same hash, so deduplication works
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   mergeCache[propertyhash] = [feature];
+                 }
+               }
              }
-           }); // update
-
-           container = containerEnter.merge(container);
-           container.selectAll('.display-option-input').property('value', function (d) {
-             return _options[d];
-           });
-           container.selectAll('.display-option-value').html(function (d) {
-             return Math.floor(_options[d] * 100) + '%';
-           });
-           container.selectAll('.display-option-reset').classed('disabled', function (d) {
-             return _options[d] === 1;
-           }); // first time only, set brightness if needed
-
-           if (containerEnter.size() && _options.brightness !== 1) {
-             context.background().brightness(_options.brightness);
            }
-         }
-
-         return section;
+         });
+         return features;
        }
 
-       function uiSettingsCustomBackground() {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
+       function loadTile(source, tile) {
+         if (source.loaded[tile.id] || source.inflight[tile.id]) return;
+         var url = source.template.replace('{x}', tile.xyz[0]).replace('{y}', tile.xyz[1]) // TMS-flipped y coordinate
+         .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, tile.xyz[2]) - tile.xyz[1] - 1).replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, tile.xyz[2]).replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function (s, r) {
+           var subdomains = r.split(',');
+           return subdomains[(tile.xyz[0] + tile.xyz[1]) % subdomains.length];
+         });
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         source.inflight[tile.id] = controller;
+         fetch(url, {
+           signal: controller.signal
+         }).then(function (response) {
+           if (!response.ok) {
+             throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
+           }
 
-         function render(selection) {
-           // keep separate copies of original and current settings
-           var _origSettings = {
-             template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
-           };
-           var _currSettings = {
-             template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
-           };
-           var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
-           var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();
-           modal.classed('settings-modal settings-custom-background', true);
-           modal.select('.modal-section.header').append('h3').html(_t.html('settings.custom_background.header'));
-           var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');
-           var instructions = "".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.info'), "\n") + '\n' + "#### ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens_label'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.proj'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.wkid'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.dimensions'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.bbox'), "\n") + '\n' + "#### ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens_label'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.xyz'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.flipped_y'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.switch'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.quadtile'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.scale_factor'), "\n") + '\n' + "#### ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.example'), "\n") + "`".concat(example, "`");
-           textSection.append('div').attr('class', 'instructions-template').html(marked_1(instructions));
-           textSection.append('textarea').attr('class', 'field-template').attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_background.template.placeholder')).call(utilNoAuto).property('value', _currSettings.template); // insert a cancel button
+           source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
+           delete source.inflight[tile.id];
+           return response.arrayBuffer();
+         }).then(function (data) {
+           if (!data) {
+             throw new Error('No Data');
+           }
 
-           var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');
-           buttonSection.insert('button', '.ok-button').attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action').html(_t.html('confirm.cancel'));
-           buttonSection.select('.cancel-button').on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
-           buttonSection.select('.ok-button').attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.save', clickSave);
+           var z = tile.xyz[2];
 
-           function isSaveDisabled() {
-             return null;
-           } // restore the original template
+           if (!source.canMerge[z]) {
+             source.canMerge[z] = {}; // initialize mergeCache
+           }
 
+           source.loaded[tile.id] = vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, source.canMerge[z]);
+           dispatch.call('loadedData');
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
+           delete source.inflight[tile.id];
+         });
+       }
 
-           function clickCancel() {
-             textSection.select('.field-template').property('value', _origSettings.template);
-             corePreferences('background-custom-template', _origSettings.template);
-             this.blur();
-             modal.close();
-           } // accept the current template
+       var serviceVectorTile = {
+         init: function init() {
+           if (!_vtCache) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
 
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           for (var sourceID in _vtCache) {
+             var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
 
-           function clickSave() {
-             _currSettings.template = textSection.select('.field-template').property('value');
-             corePreferences('background-custom-template', _currSettings.template);
-             this.blur();
-             modal.close();
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, _currSettings);
+             if (source && source.inflight) {
+               Object.values(source.inflight).forEach(abortRequest);
+             }
            }
-         }
 
-         return utilRebind(render, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           _vtCache = {};
+         },
+         addSource: function addSource(sourceID, template) {
+           _vtCache[sourceID] = {
+             template: template,
+             inflight: {},
+             loaded: {},
+             canMerge: {}
+           };
+           return _vtCache[sourceID];
+         },
+         data: function data(sourceID, projection) {
+           var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
+           if (!source) return [];
+           var tiles = tiler.getTiles(projection);
+           var seen = {};
+           var results = [];
 
-       function uiSectionBackgroundList(context) {
-         var _backgroundList = select(null);
+           for (var i = 0; i < tiles.length; i++) {
+             var features = source.loaded[tiles[i].id];
+             if (!features || !features.length) continue;
 
-         var _customSource = context.background().findSource('custom');
+             for (var j = 0; j < features.length; j++) {
+               var feature = features[j];
+               var hash = feature.__featurehash__;
+               if (seen[hash]) continue;
+               seen[hash] = true; // return a shallow copy, because the hash may change
+               // later if this feature gets merged with another
 
-         var _settingsCustomBackground = uiSettingsCustomBackground().on('change', customChanged);
+               results.push(Object.assign({}, feature)); // shallow copy
+             }
+           }
 
-         var section = uiSection('background-list', context).label(_t.html('background.backgrounds')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+           return results;
+         },
+         loadTiles: function loadTiles(sourceID, template, projection) {
+           var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
 
-         function previousBackgroundID() {
-           return corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle');
-         }
+           if (!source) {
+             source = this.addSource(sourceID, template);
+           }
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           // the background list
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-background-list').data([0]);
-           _backgroundList = container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-background-list').attr('dir', 'auto').merge(container); // add minimap toggle below list
+           var tiles = tiler.getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-           var bgExtrasListEnter = selection.selectAll('.bg-extras-list').data([0]).enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list bg-extras-list');
-           var minimapLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'minimap-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.minimap.tooltip')).keys([_t('background.minimap.key')]).placement('top'));
-           minimapLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             uiMapInMap.toggle();
-           });
-           minimapLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('background.minimap.description'));
-           var panelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'background-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.background.key'))]).placement('top'));
-           panelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.ui().info.toggle('background');
+           Object.keys(source.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
+             var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+               return k === tile.id;
+             });
+
+             if (!wanted) {
+               abortRequest(source.inflight[k]);
+               delete source.inflight[k];
+             }
            });
-           panelLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('background.panel.description'));
-           var locPanelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'location-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.location_panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.location.key'))]).placement('top'));
-           locPanelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.ui().info.toggle('location');
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             loadTile(source, tile);
            });
-           locPanelLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('background.location_panel.description')); // "Info / Report a Problem" link
+         },
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _vtCache;
+         }
+       };
 
-           selection.selectAll('.imagery-faq').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'imagery-faq').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/FAQ.md#how-can-i-report-an-issue-with-background-imagery').append('span').html(_t.html('background.imagery_problem_faq'));
+       var apibase = 'https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?';
+       var _wikidataCache = {};
+       var serviceWikidata = {
+         init: function init() {},
+         reset: function reset() {
+           _wikidataCache = {};
+         },
+         // Search for Wikidata items matching the query
+         itemsForSearchQuery: function itemsForSearchQuery(query, callback) {
+           if (!query) {
+             if (callback) callback('No query', {});
+             return;
+           }
 
-           _backgroundList.call(drawListItems, 'radio', function (d3_event, d) {
-             chooseBackground(d);
-           }, function (d) {
-             return !d.isHidden() && !d.overlay;
+           var lang = this.languagesToQuery()[0];
+           var url = apibase + utilQsString({
+             action: 'wbsearchentities',
+             format: 'json',
+             formatversion: 2,
+             search: query,
+             type: 'item',
+             // the language to search
+             language: lang,
+             // the language for the label and description in the result
+             uselang: lang,
+             limit: 10,
+             origin: '*'
            });
-         }
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
 
-         function setTooltips(selection) {
-           selection.each(function (d, i, nodes) {
-             var item = select(this).select('label');
-             var span = item.select('span');
-             var placement = i < nodes.length / 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top';
-             var description = d.description();
-             var isOverflowing = span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth');
-             item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
+             if (callback) callback(null, result.search || {});
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
+           });
+         },
+         // Given a Wikipedia language and article title,
+         // return an array of corresponding Wikidata entities.
+         itemsByTitle: function itemsByTitle(lang, title, callback) {
+           if (!title) {
+             if (callback) callback('No title', {});
+             return;
+           }
 
-             if (d.id === previousBackgroundID()) {
-               item.call(uiTooltip().placement(placement).title('<div>' + _t.html('background.switch') + '</div>').keys([uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key'))]));
-             } else if (description || isOverflowing) {
-               item.call(uiTooltip().placement(placement).title(description || d.label()));
-             }
+           lang = lang || 'en';
+           var url = apibase + utilQsString({
+             action: 'wbgetentities',
+             format: 'json',
+             formatversion: 2,
+             sites: lang.replace(/-/g, '_') + 'wiki',
+             titles: title,
+             languages: 'en',
+             // shrink response by filtering to one language
+             origin: '*'
            });
-         }
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
 
-         function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
-           var sources = context.background().sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true).filter(filter).sort(function (a, b) {
-             return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1 : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1 : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
+             if (callback) callback(null, result.entities || {});
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
            });
-           var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li') // We have to be a bit inefficient about reordering the list since
-           // arrow key navigation of radio values likes to work in the order
-           // they were added, not the display document order.
-           .data(sources, function (d, i) {
-             return d.id + '---' + i;
+         },
+         languagesToQuery: function languagesToQuery() {
+           return _mainLocalizer.localeCodes().map(function (code) {
+             return code.toLowerCase();
+           }).filter(function (code) {
+             // HACK: en-us isn't a wikidata language. We should really be filtering by
+             // the languages known to be supported by wikidata.
+             return code !== 'en-us';
            });
-           layerLinks.exit().remove();
-           var enter = layerLinks.enter().append('li').classed('layer-custom', function (d) {
-             return d.id === 'custom';
-           }).classed('best', function (d) {
-             return d.best();
+         },
+         entityByQID: function entityByQID(qid, callback) {
+           if (!qid) {
+             callback('No qid', {});
+             return;
+           }
+
+           if (_wikidataCache[qid]) {
+             if (callback) callback(null, _wikidataCache[qid]);
+             return;
+           }
+
+           var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
+           var url = apibase + utilQsString({
+             action: 'wbgetentities',
+             format: 'json',
+             formatversion: 2,
+             ids: qid,
+             props: 'labels|descriptions|claims|sitelinks',
+             sitefilter: langs.map(function (d) {
+               return d + 'wiki';
+             }).join('|'),
+             languages: langs.join('|'),
+             languagefallback: 1,
+             origin: '*'
            });
-           var label = enter.append('label');
-           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', 'background-layer').attr('value', function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }).on('change', change);
-           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return d.label();
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
+
+             if (callback) callback(null, result.entities[qid] || {});
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
            });
-           enter.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.id === 'custom';
-           }).append('button').attr('class', 'layer-browse').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('settings.custom_background.tooltip')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             editCustom();
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));
-           enter.filter(function (d) {
-             return d.best();
-           }).append('div').attr('class', 'best').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.best_imagery')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).append('span').html('&#9733;');
-           layerList.call(updateLayerSelections);
-         }
+         },
+         // Pass `params` object of the form:
+         // {
+         //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
+         // }
+         //
+         // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
+         // {
+         //   title:        'string',
+         //   description:  'string',
+         //   editURL:      'string',
+         //   imageURL:     'string',
+         //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
+         // }
+         //
+         getDocs: function getDocs(params, callback) {
+           var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
+           this.entityByQID(params.qid, function (err, entity) {
+             if (err || !entity) {
+               callback(err || 'No entity');
+               return;
+             }
 
-         function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
-           function active(d) {
-             return context.background().showsLayer(d);
-           }
+             var i;
+             var description;
 
-           selection.selectAll('li').classed('active', active).classed('switch', function (d) {
-             return d.id === previousBackgroundID();
-           }).call(setTooltips).selectAll('input').property('checked', active);
-         }
+             for (i in langs) {
+               var code = langs[i];
 
-         function chooseBackground(d) {
-           if (d.id === 'custom' && !d.template()) {
-             return editCustom();
-           }
+               if (entity.descriptions[code] && entity.descriptions[code].language === code) {
+                 description = entity.descriptions[code];
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
 
-           var previousBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
-           corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', previousBackground.id);
-           corePreferences('background-last-used', d.id);
-           context.background().baseLayerSource(d);
-         }
+             if (!description && Object.values(entity.descriptions).length) description = Object.values(entity.descriptions)[0]; // prepare result
 
-         function customChanged(d) {
-           if (d && d.template) {
-             _customSource.template(d.template);
+             var result = {
+               title: entity.id,
+               description: description ? description.value : '',
+               descriptionLocaleCode: description ? description.language : '',
+               editURL: 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/' + entity.id
+             }; // add image
 
-             chooseBackground(_customSource);
-           } else {
-             _customSource.template('');
+             if (entity.claims) {
+               var imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
+               var props = ['P154', 'P18']; // logo image, image
 
-             chooseBackground(context.background().findSource('none'));
-           }
-         }
+               var prop, image;
 
-         function editCustom() {
-           context.container().call(_settingsCustomBackground);
-         }
+               for (i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+                 prop = entity.claims[props[i]];
+
+                 if (prop && Object.keys(prop).length > 0) {
+                   image = prop[Object.keys(prop)[0]].mainsnak.datavalue.value;
+
+                   if (image) {
+                     result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
+                       title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
+                       width: 400
+                     });
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-         context.background().on('change.background_list', function () {
-           _backgroundList.call(updateLayerSelections);
-         });
-         context.map().on('move.background_list', debounce(function () {
-           // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
-           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-         }, 1000));
-         return section;
-       }
+             if (entity.sitelinks) {
+               var englishLocale = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase() === 'en'; // must be one of these that we requested..
 
-       function uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('background-offset', context).label(_t.html('background.fix_misalignment')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
+               for (i = 0; i < langs.length; i++) {
+                 // check each, in order of preference
+                 var w = langs[i] + 'wiki';
 
-         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+                 if (entity.sitelinks[w]) {
+                   var title = entity.sitelinks[w].title;
+                   var tKey = 'inspector.wiki_reference';
 
-         var _directions = [['top', [0, -0.5]], ['left', [-0.5, 0]], ['right', [0.5, 0]], ['bottom', [0, 0.5]]];
+                   if (!englishLocale && langs[i] === 'en') {
+                     // user's locale isn't English but
+                     tKey = 'inspector.wiki_en_reference'; // we are sending them to enwiki anyway..
+                   }
 
-         function updateValue() {
-           var meters = geoOffsetToMeters(context.background().offset());
-           var x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
-           var y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);
-           context.container().selectAll('.nudge-inner-rect').select('input').classed('error', false).property('value', x + ', ' + y);
-           context.container().selectAll('.nudge-reset').classed('disabled', function () {
-             return x === 0 && y === 0;
-           });
-         }
+                   result.wiki = {
+                     title: title,
+                     text: tKey,
+                     url: 'https://' + langs[i] + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + title.replace(/ /g, '_')
+                   };
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-         function resetOffset() {
-           context.background().offset([0, 0]);
-           updateValue();
+             callback(null, result);
+           });
          }
+       };
 
-         function nudge(d) {
-           context.background().nudge(d, context.map().zoom());
-           updateValue();
-         }
+       var endpoint = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?';
+       var serviceWikipedia = {
+         init: function init() {},
+         reset: function reset() {},
+         search: function search(lang, query, callback) {
+           if (!query) {
+             if (callback) callback('No Query', []);
+             return;
+           }
 
-         function inputOffset() {
-           var input = select(this);
-           var d = input.node().value;
-           if (d === '') return resetOffset();
-           d = d.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',').map(function (n) {
-             // if n is NaN, it will always get mapped to false.
-             return !isNaN(n) && n;
+           lang = lang || 'en';
+           var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) + utilQsString({
+             action: 'query',
+             list: 'search',
+             srlimit: '10',
+             srinfo: 'suggestion',
+             format: 'json',
+             origin: '*',
+             srsearch: query
            });
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.search) {
+               throw new Error('No Results');
+             }
 
-           if (d.length !== 2 || !d[0] || !d[1]) {
-             input.classed('error', true);
+             if (callback) {
+               var titles = result.query.search.map(function (d) {
+                 return d.title;
+               });
+               callback(null, titles);
+             }
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err, []);
+           });
+         },
+         suggestions: function suggestions(lang, query, callback) {
+           if (!query) {
+             if (callback) callback('', []);
              return;
            }
 
-           context.background().offset(geoMetersToOffset(d));
-           updateValue();
-         }
-
-         function dragOffset(d3_event) {
-           if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
-           var origin = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY];
-           var pointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
-           context.container().append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-surface');
-           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag-bg-offset', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);
+           lang = lang || 'en';
+           var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) + utilQsString({
+             action: 'opensearch',
+             namespace: 0,
+             suggest: '',
+             format: 'json',
+             origin: '*',
+             search: query
+           });
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             } else if (!result || result.length < 2) {
+               throw new Error('No Results');
+             }
 
-           if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
-             select(window).on('pointercancel.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);
+             if (callback) callback(null, result[1] || []);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message, []);
+           });
+         },
+         translations: function translations(lang, title, callback) {
+           if (!title) {
+             if (callback) callback('No Title');
+             return;
            }
 
-           function pointermove(d3_event) {
-             if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-             var latest = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY];
-             var d = [-(origin[0] - latest[0]) / 4, -(origin[1] - latest[1]) / 4];
-             origin = latest;
-             nudge(d);
-           }
+           var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) + utilQsString({
+             action: 'query',
+             prop: 'langlinks',
+             format: 'json',
+             origin: '*',
+             lllimit: 500,
+             titles: title
+           });
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.pages) {
+               throw new Error('No Results');
+             }
 
-           function pointerup(d3_event) {
-             if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
-             context.container().selectAll('.nudge-surface').remove();
-             select(window).on('.drag-bg-offset', null);
-           }
-         }
+             if (callback) {
+               var list = result.query.pages[Object.keys(result.query.pages)[0]];
+               var translations = {};
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.nudge-container').data([0]);
-           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-container');
-           containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-instructions').html(_t.html('background.offset'));
-           var nudgeWrapEnter = containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-controls-wrap');
-           var nudgeEnter = nudgeWrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-outer-rect').on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', dragOffset);
-           nudgeEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-inner-rect').append('input').attr('type', 'text').on('change', inputOffset);
-           nudgeWrapEnter.append('div').selectAll('button').data(_directions).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return d[0] + ' nudge';
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             nudge(d[1]);
+               if (list && list.langlinks) {
+                 list.langlinks.forEach(function (d) {
+                   translations[d.lang] = d['*'];
+                 });
+               }
+
+               callback(null, translations);
+             }
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
            });
-           nudgeWrapEnter.append('button').attr('title', _t('background.reset')).attr('class', 'nudge-reset disabled').on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             resetOffset();
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')));
-           updateValue();
          }
+       };
 
-         context.background().on('change.backgroundOffset-update', updateValue);
-         return section;
-       }
+       var services = {
+         geocoder: serviceNominatim,
+         keepRight: serviceKeepRight,
+         improveOSM: serviceImproveOSM,
+         osmose: serviceOsmose,
+         mapillary: serviceMapillary,
+         nsi: serviceNsi,
+         openstreetcam: serviceOpenstreetcam,
+         osm: serviceOsm,
+         osmWikibase: serviceOsmWikibase,
+         maprules: serviceMapRules,
+         streetside: serviceStreetside,
+         taginfo: serviceTaginfo,
+         vectorTile: serviceVectorTile,
+         wikidata: serviceWikidata,
+         wikipedia: serviceWikipedia
+       };
 
-       function uiSectionOverlayList(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('overlay-list', context).label(_t.html('background.overlays')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+       function modeDragNote(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'drag-note',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var edit = behaviorEdit(context);
 
-         var _overlayList = select(null);
+         var _nudgeInterval;
 
-         function setTooltips(selection) {
-           selection.each(function (d, i, nodes) {
-             var item = select(this).select('label');
-             var span = item.select('span');
-             var placement = i < nodes.length / 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top';
-             var description = d.description();
-             var isOverflowing = span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth');
-             item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
+         var _lastLoc;
 
-             if (description || isOverflowing) {
-               item.call(uiTooltip().placement(placement).title(description || d.name()));
-             }
-           });
+         var _note; // most current note.. dragged note may have stale datum.
+
+
+         function startNudge(d3_event, nudge) {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+           _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function () {
+             context.map().pan(nudge);
+             doMove(d3_event, nudge);
+           }, 50);
          }
 
-         function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
-           function active(d) {
-             return context.background().showsLayer(d);
+         function stopNudge() {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) {
+             window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+             _nudgeInterval = null;
            }
+         }
 
-           selection.selectAll('li').classed('active', active).call(setTooltips).selectAll('input').property('checked', active);
+         function origin(note) {
+           return context.projection(note.loc);
          }
 
-         function chooseOverlay(d3_event, d) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
+         function start(d3_event, note) {
+           _note = note;
+           var osm = services.osm;
 
-           _overlayList.call(updateLayerSelections);
+           if (osm) {
+             // Get latest note from cache.. The marker may have a stale datum bound to it
+             // and dragging it around can sometimes delete the users note comment.
+             _note = osm.getNote(_note.id);
+           }
 
-           document.activeElement.blur();
+           context.surface().selectAll('.note-' + _note.id).classed('active', true);
+           context.perform(actionNoop());
+           context.enter(mode);
+           context.selectedNoteID(_note.id);
          }
 
-         function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
-           var sources = context.background().sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true).filter(filter);
-           var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li').data(sources, function (d) {
-             return d.name();
-           });
-           layerLinks.exit().remove();
-           var enter = layerLinks.enter().append('li');
-           var label = enter.append('label');
-           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', 'layers').on('change', change);
-           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return d.label();
-           });
-           layerList.selectAll('li').sort(sortSources);
-           layerList.call(updateLayerSelections);
+         function move(d3_event, entity, point) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(point);
+           doMove(d3_event);
+           var nudge = geoViewportEdge(point, context.map().dimensions());
 
-           function sortSources(a, b) {
-             return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1 : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1 : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
+           if (nudge) {
+             startNudge(d3_event, nudge);
+           } else {
+             stopNudge();
            }
          }
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay-list').data([0]);
-           _overlayList = container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-overlay-list').attr('dir', 'auto').merge(container);
+         function doMove(d3_event, nudge) {
+           nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
+           var currPoint = d3_event && d3_event.point || context.projection(_lastLoc);
+           var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
+           var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);
+           _note = _note.move(loc);
+           var osm = services.osm;
 
-           _overlayList.call(drawListItems, 'checkbox', chooseOverlay, function (d) {
-             return !d.isHidden() && d.overlay;
-           });
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.replaceNote(_note); // update note cache
+           }
+
+           context.replace(actionNoop()); // trigger redraw
          }
 
-         context.map().on('move.overlay_list', debounce(function () {
-           // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
-           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-         }, 1000));
-         return section;
-       }
+         function end() {
+           context.replace(actionNoop()); // trigger redraw
 
-       function uiPaneBackground(context) {
-         var backgroundPane = uiPane('background', context).key(_t('background.key')).label(_t.html('background.title')).description(_t.html('background.description')).iconName('iD-icon-layers').sections([uiSectionBackgroundList(context), uiSectionOverlayList(context), uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context), uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context)]);
-         return backgroundPane;
-       }
+           context.selectedNoteID(_note.id).enter(modeSelectNote(context, _note.id));
+         }
 
-       function uiPaneHelp(context) {
-         var docKeys = [['help', ['welcome', 'open_data_h', 'open_data', 'before_start_h', 'before_start', 'open_source_h', 'open_source', 'open_source_help']], ['overview', ['navigation_h', 'navigation_drag', 'navigation_zoom', 'features_h', 'features', 'nodes_ways']], ['editing', ['select_h', 'select_left_click', 'select_right_click', 'select_space', 'multiselect_h', 'multiselect', 'multiselect_shift_click', 'multiselect_lasso', 'undo_redo_h', 'undo_redo', 'save_h', 'save', 'save_validation', 'upload_h', 'upload', 'backups_h', 'backups', 'keyboard_h', 'keyboard']], ['feature_editor', ['intro', 'definitions', 'type_h', 'type', 'type_picker', 'fields_h', 'fields_all_fields', 'fields_example', 'fields_add_field', 'tags_h', 'tags_all_tags', 'tags_resources']], ['points', ['intro', 'add_point_h', 'add_point', 'add_point_finish', 'move_point_h', 'move_point', 'delete_point_h', 'delete_point', 'delete_point_command']], ['lines', ['intro', 'add_line_h', 'add_line', 'add_line_draw', 'add_line_continue', 'add_line_finish', 'modify_line_h', 'modify_line_dragnode', 'modify_line_addnode', 'connect_line_h', 'connect_line', 'connect_line_display', 'connect_line_drag', 'connect_line_tag', 'disconnect_line_h', 'disconnect_line_command', 'move_line_h', 'move_line_command', 'move_line_connected', 'delete_line_h', 'delete_line', 'delete_line_command']], ['areas', ['intro', 'point_or_area_h', 'point_or_area', 'add_area_h', 'add_area_command', 'add_area_draw', 'add_area_continue', 'add_area_finish', 'square_area_h', 'square_area_command', 'modify_area_h', 'modify_area_dragnode', 'modify_area_addnode', 'delete_area_h', 'delete_area', 'delete_area_command']], ['relations', ['intro', 'edit_relation_h', 'edit_relation', 'edit_relation_add', 'edit_relation_delete', 'maintain_relation_h', 'maintain_relation', 'relation_types_h', 'multipolygon_h', 'multipolygon', 'multipolygon_create', 'multipolygon_merge', 'turn_restriction_h', 'turn_restriction', 'turn_restriction_field', 'turn_restriction_editing', 'route_h', 'route', 'route_add', 'boundary_h', 'boundary', 'boundary_add']], ['operations', ['intro', 'intro_2', 'straighten', 'orthogonalize', 'circularize', 'move', 'rotate', 'reflect', 'continue', 'reverse', 'disconnect', 'split', 'extract', 'merge', 'delete', 'downgrade', 'copy_paste']], ['notes', ['intro', 'add_note_h', 'add_note', 'place_note', 'move_note', 'update_note_h', 'update_note', 'save_note_h', 'save_note']], ['imagery', ['intro', 'sources_h', 'choosing', 'sources', 'offsets_h', 'offset', 'offset_change']], ['streetlevel', ['intro', 'using_h', 'using', 'photos', 'viewer']], ['gps', ['intro', 'survey', 'using_h', 'using', 'tracing', 'upload']], ['qa', ['intro', 'tools_h', 'tools', 'issues_h', 'issues']]];
-         var headings = {
-           'help.help.open_data_h': 3,
-           'help.help.before_start_h': 3,
-           'help.help.open_source_h': 3,
-           'help.overview.navigation_h': 3,
-           'help.overview.features_h': 3,
-           'help.editing.select_h': 3,
-           'help.editing.multiselect_h': 3,
-           'help.editing.undo_redo_h': 3,
-           'help.editing.save_h': 3,
-           'help.editing.upload_h': 3,
-           'help.editing.backups_h': 3,
-           'help.editing.keyboard_h': 3,
-           'help.feature_editor.type_h': 3,
-           'help.feature_editor.fields_h': 3,
-           'help.feature_editor.tags_h': 3,
-           'help.points.add_point_h': 3,
-           'help.points.move_point_h': 3,
-           'help.points.delete_point_h': 3,
-           'help.lines.add_line_h': 3,
-           'help.lines.modify_line_h': 3,
-           'help.lines.connect_line_h': 3,
-           'help.lines.disconnect_line_h': 3,
-           'help.lines.move_line_h': 3,
-           'help.lines.delete_line_h': 3,
-           'help.areas.point_or_area_h': 3,
-           'help.areas.add_area_h': 3,
-           'help.areas.square_area_h': 3,
-           'help.areas.modify_area_h': 3,
-           'help.areas.delete_area_h': 3,
-           'help.relations.edit_relation_h': 3,
-           'help.relations.maintain_relation_h': 3,
-           'help.relations.relation_types_h': 2,
-           'help.relations.multipolygon_h': 3,
-           'help.relations.turn_restriction_h': 3,
-           'help.relations.route_h': 3,
-           'help.relations.boundary_h': 3,
-           'help.notes.add_note_h': 3,
-           'help.notes.update_note_h': 3,
-           'help.notes.save_note_h': 3,
-           'help.imagery.sources_h': 3,
-           'help.imagery.offsets_h': 3,
-           'help.streetlevel.using_h': 3,
-           'help.gps.using_h': 3,
-           'help.qa.tools_h': 3,
-           'help.qa.issues_h': 3
-         }; // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
+         var drag = behaviorDrag().selector('.layer-touch.markers .target.note.new').surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node()).origin(origin).on('start', start).on('move', move).on('end', end);
 
-         var docs = docKeys.map(function (key) {
-           var helpkey = 'help.' + key[0];
-           var helpPaneReplacements = {
-             version: context.version
-           };
-           var text = key[1].reduce(function (all, part) {
-             var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
-             var depth = headings[subkey]; // is this subkey a heading?
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(edit);
+         };
 
-             var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : ''; // if so, prepend with some ##'s
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
+           context.uninstall(edit);
+           context.surface().selectAll('.active').classed('active', false);
+           stopNudge();
+         };
 
-             return all + hhh + helpHtml(subkey, helpPaneReplacements) + '\n\n';
-           }, '');
-           return {
-             title: _t.html(helpkey + '.title'),
-             content: marked_1(text.trim()) // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
-             .replace(/<code>/g, '<kbd>').replace(/<\/code>/g, '<\/kbd>')
-           };
-         });
-         var helpPane = uiPane('help', context).key(_t('help.key')).label(_t.html('help.title')).description(_t.html('help.title')).iconName('iD-icon-help');
+         mode.behavior = drag;
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-         helpPane.renderContent = function (content) {
-           function clickHelp(d, i) {
-             var rtl = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
-             content.property('scrollTop', 0);
-             helpPane.selection().select('.pane-heading h2').html(d.title);
-             body.html(d.content);
-             body.selectAll('a').attr('target', '_blank');
-             menuItems.classed('selected', function (m) {
-               return m.title === d.title;
-             });
-             nav.html('');
+       function modeSelectData(context, selectedDatum) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'select-data',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-data');
+         var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);
+         var behaviors = [behaviorBreathe(), behaviorHover(context), behaviorSelect(context), behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior]; // class the data as selected, or return to browse mode if the data is gone
 
-             if (rtl) {
-               nav.call(drawNext).call(drawPrevious);
-             } else {
-               nav.call(drawPrevious).call(drawNext);
-             }
+         function selectData(d3_event, drawn) {
+           var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-mapdata .data' + selectedDatum.__featurehash__);
 
-             function drawNext(selection) {
-               if (i < docs.length - 1) {
-                 var nextLink = selection.append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'next').on('click', function (d3_event) {
-                   d3_event.preventDefault();
-                   clickHelp(docs[i + 1], i + 1);
-                 });
-                 nextLink.append('span').html(docs[i + 1].title).call(svgIcon(rtl ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward', 'inline'));
-               }
-             }
+           if (selection.empty()) {
+             // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
+             // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
+             var source = d3_event && d3_event.type === 'zoom' && d3_event.sourceEvent;
 
-             function drawPrevious(selection) {
-               if (i > 0) {
-                 var prevLink = selection.append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'previous').on('click', function (d3_event) {
-                   d3_event.preventDefault();
-                   clickHelp(docs[i - 1], i - 1);
-                 });
-                 prevLink.call(svgIcon(rtl ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward', 'inline')).append('span').html(docs[i - 1].title);
-               }
+             if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
+           } else {
+             selection.classed('selected', true);
            }
+         }
 
-           function clickWalkthrough(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             if (context.inIntro()) return;
-             context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
-             context.ui().togglePanes();
-           }
+         function esc() {
+           if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-           function clickShortcuts(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.container().call(context.ui().shortcuts, true);
-           }
+         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
+           var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(extent.center(), context.map().trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
+         };
 
-           var toc = content.append('ul').attr('class', 'toc');
-           var menuItems = toc.selectAll('li').data(docs).enter().append('li').append('a').attr('href', '#').html(function (d) {
-             return d.title;
-           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             clickHelp(d, docs.indexOf(d));
-           });
-           var shortcuts = toc.append('li').attr('class', 'shortcuts').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('shortcuts.tooltip')).keys(['?']).placement('top')).append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', clickShortcuts);
-           shortcuts.append('div').html(_t.html('shortcuts.title'));
-           var walkthrough = toc.append('li').attr('class', 'walkthrough').append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', clickWalkthrough);
-           walkthrough.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
-           walkthrough.append('div').html(_t.html('splash.walkthrough'));
-           var helpContent = content.append('div').attr('class', 'left-content');
-           var body = helpContent.append('div').attr('class', 'body');
-           var nav = helpContent.append('div').attr('class', 'nav');
-           clickHelp(docs[0], 0);
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+           keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on('⎋', esc, true);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+           selectData();
+           var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
+           sidebar.show(dataEditor.datum(selectedDatum)); // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the data if needed
+
+           var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
+           sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));
+           context.map().on('drawn.select-data', selectData);
+         };
+
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.surface().selectAll('.layer-mapdata .selected').classed('selected hover', false);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select-data', null);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
          };
 
-         return helpPane;
+         return mode;
        }
 
-       function uiSectionValidationIssues(id, severity, context) {
-         var _issues = [];
-         var section = uiSection(id, context).label(function () {
-           if (!_issues) return '';
-           var issueCountText = _issues.length > 1000 ? '1000+' : String(_issues.length);
-           return _t('inspector.title_count', {
-             title: _t.html('issues.' + severity + 's.list_title'),
-             count: issueCountText
-           });
-         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).shouldDisplay(function () {
-           return _issues && _issues.length;
-         });
+       function behaviorSelect(context) {
+         var _tolerancePx = 4; // see also behaviorDrag
 
-         function getOptions() {
-           return {
-             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
-             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
-           };
-         } // get and cache the issues to display, unordered
+         var _lastMouseEvent = null;
+         var _showMenu = false;
+         var _downPointers = {};
+         var _longPressTimeout = null;
+         var _lastInteractionType = null; // the id of the down pointer that's enabling multiselection while down
 
+         var _multiselectionPointerId = null; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-         function reloadIssues() {
-           _issues = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity(getOptions())[severity];
-         }
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var center = context.map().center();
-           var graph = context.graph(); // sort issues by distance away from the center of the map
+         function keydown(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
+             // don't react to spacebar events during text input
+             var activeNode = document.activeElement;
+             if (activeNode && new Set(['INPUT', 'TEXTAREA']).has(activeNode.nodeName)) return;
+           }
 
-           var issues = _issues.map(function withDistance(issue) {
-             var extent = issue.extent(graph);
-             var dist = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(center, extent.center()) : 0;
-             return Object.assign(issue, {
-               dist: dist
-             });
-           }).sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
-             return a.dist - b.dist;
-           }); // cut off at 1000
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 93 || // context menu key
+           d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
+             // spacebar
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           }
 
+           if (d3_event.repeat) return; // ignore repeated events for held keys
+           // if any key is pressed the user is probably doing something other than long-pressing
 
-           issues = issues.slice(0, 1000); //renderIgnoredIssuesReset(_warningsSelection);
+           cancelLongPress();
 
-           selection.call(drawIssuesList, issues);
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) {
+             context.surface().classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
+           }
+
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
+             // spacebar
+             if (!_downPointers.spacebar && _lastMouseEvent) {
+               cancelLongPress();
+               _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, 'spacebar', 'spacebar');
+               _downPointers.spacebar = {
+                 firstEvent: _lastMouseEvent,
+                 lastEvent: _lastMouseEvent
+               };
+             }
+           }
          }
 
-         function drawIssuesList(selection, issues) {
-           var list = selection.selectAll('.issues-list').data([0]);
-           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list issues-list ' + severity + 's-list').merge(list);
-           var items = list.selectAll('li').data(issues, function (d) {
-             return d.id;
-           }); // Exit
+         function keyup(d3_event) {
+           cancelLongPress();
 
-           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
+           if (!d3_event.shiftKey) {
+             context.surface().classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
+           }
 
-           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'issue severity-' + d.severity;
-           });
-           var labelsEnter = itemsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'issue-label').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
-             context.validator().focusIssue(d);
-           }).on('mouseover', function (d3_event, d) {
-             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
-           }).on('mouseout', function (d3_event, d) {
-             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
-           });
-           var textEnter = labelsEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-text');
-           textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-icon').each(function (d) {
-             var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
-             select(this).call(svgIcon(iconName));
-           });
-           textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-message');
-           /*
-           labelsEnter
-               .append('span')
-               .attr('class', 'issue-autofix')
-               .each(function(d) {
-                   if (!d.autoFix) return;
-                    d3_select(this)
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('title', t('issues.fix_one.title'))
-                       .datum(d.autoFix)  // set button datum to the autofix
-                       .attr('class', 'autofix action')
-                       .on('click', function(d3_event, d) {
-                           d3_event.preventDefault();
-                           d3_event.stopPropagation();
-                            var issuesEntityIDs = d.issue.entityIds;
-                           utilHighlightEntities(issuesEntityIDs.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);
-                            context.perform.apply(context, d.autoArgs);
-                           context.validator().validate();
-                       })
-                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));
-               });
-           */
-           // Update
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 93) {
+             // context menu key
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             _lastInteractionType = 'menukey';
+             contextmenu(d3_event);
+           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
+             // spacebar
+             var pointer = _downPointers.spacebar;
 
-           items = items.merge(itemsEnter).order();
-           items.selectAll('.issue-message').html(function (d) {
-             return d.message(context);
-           });
-           /*
-           // autofix
-           var canAutoFix = issues.filter(function(issue) { return issue.autoFix; });
-            var autoFixAll = selection.selectAll('.autofix-all')
-               .data(canAutoFix.length ? [0] : []);
-            // exit
-           autoFixAll.exit()
-               .remove();
-            // enter
-           var autoFixAllEnter = autoFixAll.enter()
-               .insert('div', '.issues-list')
-               .attr('class', 'autofix-all');
-            var linkEnter = autoFixAllEnter
-               .append('a')
-               .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link')
-               .attr('href', '#');
-            linkEnter
-               .append('span')
-               .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-text')
-               .html(t.html('issues.fix_all.title'));
-            linkEnter
-               .append('span')
-               .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-icon')
-               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));
-            if (severity === 'warning') {
-               renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
+             if (pointer) {
+               delete _downPointers.spacebar;
+               if (pointer.done) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               _lastInteractionType = 'spacebar';
+               click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, 'spacebar');
+             }
            }
-            // update
-           autoFixAll = autoFixAll
-               .merge(autoFixAllEnter);
-            autoFixAll.selectAll('.autofix-all-link')
-               .on('click', function() {
-                   context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-                   context.perform(actionNoop());
-                   canAutoFix.forEach(function(issue) {
-                       var args = issue.autoFix.autoArgs.slice();  // copy
-                       if (typeof args[args.length - 1] !== 'function') {
-                           args.pop();
-                       }
-                       args.push(t('issues.fix_all.annotation'));
-                       context.replace.apply(context, args);
-                   });
-                   context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-                   context.validator().validate();
-               });
-           */
          }
 
-         context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id, function () {
-           window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-             reloadIssues();
-             section.reRender();
-           });
-         });
-         context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id, debounce(function () {
-           window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-             if (getOptions().where === 'visible') {
-               // must refetch issues if they are viewport-dependent
-               reloadIssues();
-             } // always reload list to re-sort-by-distance
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
+           cancelLongPress();
+           if (d3_event.buttons && d3_event.buttons !== 1) return;
+           context.ui().closeEditMenu();
+           _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, id, 'longdown-' + (d3_event.pointerType || 'mouse'));
+           _downPointers[id] = {
+             firstEvent: d3_event,
+             lastEvent: d3_event
+           };
+         }
 
+         function didLongPress(id, interactionType) {
+           var pointer = _downPointers[id];
+           if (!pointer) return;
 
-             section.reRender();
-           });
-         }, 1000));
-         return section;
-       }
+           for (var i in _downPointers) {
+             // don't allow this or any currently down pointer to trigger another click
+             _downPointers[i].done = true;
+           } // treat long presses like right-clicks
 
-       function uiSectionValidationOptions(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('issues-options', context).content(renderContent);
 
-         function renderContent(selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-options-container').data([0]);
-           container = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issues-options-container').merge(container);
-           var data = [{
-             key: 'what',
-             values: ['edited', 'all']
-           }, {
-             key: 'where',
-             values: ['visible', 'all']
-           }];
-           var options = container.selectAll('.issues-option').data(data, function (d) {
-             return d.key;
-           });
-           var optionsEnter = options.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'issues-option issues-option-' + d.key;
-           });
-           optionsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issues-option-title').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('issues.options.' + d.key + '.title');
-           });
-           var valuesEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('label').data(function (d) {
-             return d.values.map(function (val) {
-               return {
-                 value: val,
-                 key: d.key
-               };
-             });
-           }).enter().append('label');
-           valuesEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', function (d) {
-             return 'issues-option-' + d.key;
-           }).attr('value', function (d) {
-             return d.value;
-           }).property('checked', function (d) {
-             return getOptions()[d.key] === d.value;
-           }).on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
-             updateOptionValue(d3_event, d.key, d.value);
-           });
-           valuesEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('issues.options.' + d.key + '.' + d.value);
-           });
+           _longPressTimeout = null;
+           _lastInteractionType = interactionType;
+           _showMenu = true;
+           click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, id);
          }
 
-         function getOptions() {
-           return {
-             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
-             // 'all', 'edited'
-             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all' // 'all', 'visible'
+         function pointermove(d3_event) {
+           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
 
-           };
+           if (_downPointers[id]) {
+             _downPointers[id].lastEvent = d3_event;
+           }
+
+           if (!d3_event.pointerType || d3_event.pointerType === 'mouse') {
+             _lastMouseEvent = d3_event;
+
+             if (_downPointers.spacebar) {
+               _downPointers.spacebar.lastEvent = d3_event;
+             }
+           }
          }
 
-         function updateOptionValue(d3_event, d, val) {
-           if (!val && d3_event && d3_event.target) {
-             val = d3_event.target.value;
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
+           var pointer = _downPointers[id];
+           if (!pointer) return;
+           delete _downPointers[id];
+
+           if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
+             _multiselectionPointerId = null;
            }
 
-           corePreferences('validate-' + d, val);
-           context.validator().validate();
+           if (pointer.done) return;
+           click(pointer.firstEvent, d3_event, id);
          }
 
-         return section;
-       }
-
-       function uiSectionValidationRules(context) {
-         var MINSQUARE = 0;
-         var MAXSQUARE = 20;
-         var DEFAULTSQUARE = 5; // see also unsquare_way.js
+         function pointercancel(d3_event) {
+           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
+           if (!_downPointers[id]) return;
+           delete _downPointers[id];
 
-         var section = uiSection('issues-rules', context).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).label(_t.html('issues.rules.title'));
+           if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
+             _multiselectionPointerId = null;
+           }
+         }
 
-         var _ruleKeys = context.validator().getRuleKeys().filter(function (key) {
-           return key !== 'maprules';
-         }).sort(function (key1, key2) {
-           // alphabetize by localized title
-           return _t('issues.' + key1 + '.title') < _t('issues.' + key2 + '.title') ? -1 : 1;
-         });
+         function contextmenu(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-rulelist-container').data([0]);
-           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issues-rulelist-container');
-           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list issue-rules-list');
-           var ruleLinks = containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-rules-links section-footer');
-           ruleLinks.append('a').attr('class', 'issue-rules-link').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('issues.disable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.validator().disableRules(_ruleKeys);
-           });
-           ruleLinks.append('a').attr('class', 'issue-rules-link').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('issues.enable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.validator().disableRules([]);
-           }); // Update
+           if (!+d3_event.clientX && !+d3_event.clientY) {
+             if (_lastMouseEvent) {
+               d3_event.sourceEvent = _lastMouseEvent;
+             } else {
+               return;
+             }
+           } else {
+             _lastMouseEvent = d3_event;
+             _lastInteractionType = 'rightclick';
+           }
 
-           container = container.merge(containerEnter);
-           container.selectAll('.issue-rules-list').call(drawListItems, _ruleKeys, 'checkbox', 'rule', toggleRule, isRuleEnabled);
+           _showMenu = true;
+           click(d3_event, d3_event);
          }
 
-         function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
-           var items = selection.selectAll('li').data(data); // Exit
-
-           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
+         function click(firstEvent, lastEvent, pointerId) {
+           cancelLongPress();
+           var mapNode = context.container().select('.main-map').node(); // Use the `main-map` coordinate system since the surface and supersurface
+           // are transformed when drag-panning.
 
-           var enter = items.enter().append('li');
+           var pointGetter = utilFastMouse(mapNode);
+           var p1 = pointGetter(firstEvent);
+           var p2 = pointGetter(lastEvent);
+           var dist = geoVecLength(p1, p2);
 
-           if (name === 'rule') {
-             enter.call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
-               return _t.html('issues.' + d + '.tip');
-             }).placement('top'));
+           if (dist > _tolerancePx || !mapContains(lastEvent)) {
+             resetProperties();
+             return;
            }
 
-           var label = enter.append('label');
-           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', name).on('change', change);
-           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             var params = {};
+           var targetDatum = lastEvent.target.__data__;
+           var multiselectEntityId;
 
-             if (d === 'unsquare_way') {
-               params.val = '<span class="square-degrees"></span>';
+           if (!_multiselectionPointerId) {
+             // If a different pointer than the one triggering this click is down on a
+             // feature, treat this and all future clicks as multiselection until that
+             // pointer is raised.
+             var selectPointerInfo = pointerDownOnSelection(pointerId);
+
+             if (selectPointerInfo) {
+               _multiselectionPointerId = selectPointerInfo.pointerId; // if the other feature isn't selected yet, make sure we select it
+
+               multiselectEntityId = !selectPointerInfo.selected && selectPointerInfo.entityId;
+               _downPointers[selectPointerInfo.pointerId].done = true;
              }
+           } // support multiselect if data is already selected
 
-             return _t.html('issues.' + d + '.title', params);
-           }); // Update
 
-           items = items.merge(enter);
-           items.classed('active', active).selectAll('input').property('checked', active).property('indeterminate', false); // user-configurable square threshold
+           var isMultiselect = context.mode().id === 'select' && ( // and shift key is down
+           lastEvent && lastEvent.shiftKey || // or we're lasso-selecting
+           context.surface().select('.lasso').node() || // or a pointer is down over a selected feature
+           _multiselectionPointerId && !multiselectEntityId);
 
-           var degStr = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
+           processClick(targetDatum, isMultiselect, p2, multiselectEntityId);
 
-           if (degStr === null) {
-             degStr = DEFAULTSQUARE.toString();
+           function mapContains(event) {
+             var rect = mapNode.getBoundingClientRect();
+             return event.clientX >= rect.left && event.clientX <= rect.right && event.clientY >= rect.top && event.clientY <= rect.bottom;
            }
 
-           var span = items.selectAll('.square-degrees');
-           var input = span.selectAll('.square-degrees-input').data([0]); // enter / update
+           function pointerDownOnSelection(skipPointerId) {
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             var selectedIDs = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs() : [];
 
-           input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'number').attr('min', MINSQUARE.toString()).attr('max', MAXSQUARE.toString()).attr('step', '0.5').attr('class', 'square-degrees-input').call(utilNoAuto).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             this.select();
-           }).on('keyup', function (d3_event) {
-             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13) {
-               // ↩ Return
-               this.blur();
-               this.select();
+             for (var pointerId in _downPointers) {
+               if (pointerId === 'spacebar' || pointerId === skipPointerId) continue;
+               var pointerInfo = _downPointers[pointerId];
+               var p1 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.firstEvent);
+               var p2 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.lastEvent);
+               if (geoVecLength(p1, p2) > _tolerancePx) continue;
+               var datum = pointerInfo.firstEvent.target.__data__;
+               var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity || datum;
+
+               if (context.graph().hasEntity(entity.id)) {
+                 return {
+                   pointerId: pointerId,
+                   entityId: entity.id,
+                   selected: selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1
+                 };
+               }
              }
-           }).on('blur', changeSquare).merge(input).property('value', degStr);
+
+             return null;
+           }
          }
 
-         function changeSquare() {
-           var input = select(this);
-           var degStr = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
-           var degNum = parseFloat(degStr, 10);
+         function processClick(datum, isMultiselect, point, alsoSelectId) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var showMenu = _showMenu;
+           var interactionType = _lastInteractionType;
+           var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
+           if (entity) datum = entity;
 
-           if (!isFinite(degNum)) {
-             degNum = DEFAULTSQUARE;
-           } else if (degNum > MAXSQUARE) {
-             degNum = MAXSQUARE;
-           } else if (degNum < MINSQUARE) {
-             degNum = MINSQUARE;
+           if (datum && datum.type === 'midpoint') {
+             // treat targeting midpoints as if targeting the parent way
+             datum = datum.parents[0];
+           }
+
+           var newMode;
+
+           if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
+             // targeting an entity
+             var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
+             context.selectedNoteID(null);
+             context.selectedErrorID(null);
+
+             if (!isMultiselect) {
+               // don't change the selection if we're toggling the menu atop a multiselection
+               if (!showMenu || selectedIDs.length <= 1 || selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) === -1) {
+                 if (alsoSelectId === datum.id) alsoSelectId = null;
+                 selectedIDs = (alsoSelectId ? [alsoSelectId] : []).concat([datum.id]); // always enter modeSelect even if the entity is already
+                 // selected since listeners may expect `context.enter` events,
+                 // e.g. in the walkthrough
+
+                 newMode = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeSelect(context, selectedIDs).selectBehavior(behavior);
+                 context.enter(newMode);
+               }
+             } else {
+               if (selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) !== -1) {
+                 // clicked entity is already in the selectedIDs list..
+                 if (!showMenu) {
+                   // deselect clicked entity, then reenter select mode or return to browse mode..
+                   selectedIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+                     return id !== datum.id;
+                   });
+                   newMode = selectedIDs.length ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeBrowse(context).selectBehavior(behavior);
+                   context.enter(newMode);
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 // clicked entity is not in the selected list, add it..
+                 selectedIDs = selectedIDs.concat([datum.id]);
+                 newMode = mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs);
+                 context.enter(newMode);
+               }
+             }
+           } else if (datum && datum.__featurehash__ && !isMultiselect) {
+             // targeting custom data
+             context.selectedNoteID(null).enter(modeSelectData(context, datum));
+           } else if (datum instanceof osmNote && !isMultiselect) {
+             // targeting a note
+             context.selectedNoteID(datum.id).enter(modeSelectNote(context, datum.id));
+           } else if (datum instanceof QAItem & !isMultiselect) {
+             // targeting an external QA issue
+             context.selectedErrorID(datum.id).enter(modeSelectError(context, datum.id, datum.service));
+           } else {
+             // targeting nothing
+             context.selectedNoteID(null);
+             context.selectedErrorID(null);
+
+             if (!isMultiselect && mode.id !== 'browse') {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
            }
 
-           degNum = Math.round(degNum * 10) / 10; // round to 1 decimal
+           context.ui().closeEditMenu(); // always request to show the edit menu in case the mode needs it
 
-           degStr = degNum.toString();
-           input.property('value', degStr);
-           corePreferences('validate-square-degrees', degStr);
-           context.validator().reloadUnsquareIssues();
+           if (showMenu) context.ui().showEditMenu(point, interactionType);
+           resetProperties();
          }
 
-         function isRuleEnabled(d) {
-           return context.validator().isRuleEnabled(d);
+         function cancelLongPress() {
+           if (_longPressTimeout) window.clearTimeout(_longPressTimeout);
+           _longPressTimeout = null;
          }
 
-         function toggleRule(d3_event, d) {
-           context.validator().toggleRule(d);
+         function resetProperties() {
+           cancelLongPress();
+           _showMenu = false;
+           _lastInteractionType = null; // don't reset _lastMouseEvent since it might still be useful
          }
 
-         context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationRules', function () {
-           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-         });
-         return section;
-       }
-
-       function uiSectionValidationStatus(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('issues-status', context).content(renderContent).shouldDisplay(function () {
-           var issues = context.validator().getIssues(getOptions());
-           return issues.length === 0;
-         });
+         function behavior(selection) {
+           resetProperties();
+           _lastMouseEvent = context.map().lastPointerEvent();
+           select(window).on('keydown.select', keydown).on('keyup.select', keyup).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', pointermove, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', pointerup, true).on('pointercancel.select', pointercancel, true).on('contextmenu.select-window', function (d3_event) {
+             // Edge and IE really like to show the contextmenu on the
+             // menubar when user presses a keyboard menu button
+             // even after we've already preventdefaulted the key event.
+             var e = d3_event;
 
-         function getOptions() {
-           return {
-             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
-             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
-           };
+             if (+e.clientX === 0 && +e.clientY === 0) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             }
+           });
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', pointerdown).on('contextmenu.select', contextmenu);
+           /*if (d3_event && d3_event.shiftKey) {
+               context.surface()
+                   .classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
+           }*/
          }
 
-         function renderContent(selection) {
-           var box = selection.selectAll('.box').data([0]);
-           var boxEnter = box.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'box');
-           boxEnter.append('div').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-apply', 'pre-text'));
-           var noIssuesMessage = boxEnter.append('span');
-           noIssuesMessage.append('strong').attr('class', 'message');
-           noIssuesMessage.append('br');
-           noIssuesMessage.append('span').attr('class', 'details');
-           renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
-           setNoIssuesText(selection);
-         }
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           cancelLongPress();
+           select(window).on('keydown.select', null).on('keyup.select', null).on('contextmenu.select-window', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', null, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', null, true).on('pointercancel.select', null, true);
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', null).on('contextmenu.select', null);
+           context.surface().classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
+         };
 
-         function renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection) {
-           var ignoredIssues = context.validator().getIssues({
-             what: 'all',
-             where: 'all',
-             includeDisabledRules: true,
-             includeIgnored: 'only'
-           });
-           var resetIgnored = selection.selectAll('.reset-ignored').data(ignoredIssues.length ? [0] : []); // exit
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
-           resetIgnored.exit().remove(); // enter
+       function operationContinue(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _entities = selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
+           return context.graph().entity(id);
+         });
 
-           var resetIgnoredEnter = resetIgnored.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'reset-ignored section-footer');
-           resetIgnoredEnter.append('a').attr('href', '#'); // update
+         var _geometries = Object.assign({
+           line: [],
+           vertex: []
+         }, utilArrayGroupBy(_entities, function (entity) {
+           return entity.geometry(context.graph());
+         }));
 
-           resetIgnored = resetIgnored.merge(resetIgnoredEnter);
-           resetIgnored.select('a').html(_t('inspector.title_count', {
-             title: _t.html('issues.reset_ignored'),
-             count: ignoredIssues.length
-           }));
-           resetIgnored.on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.validator().resetIgnoredIssues();
-           });
-         }
+         var _vertex = _geometries.vertex.length && _geometries.vertex[0];
 
-         function setNoIssuesText(selection) {
-           var opts = getOptions();
+         function candidateWays() {
+           return _vertex ? context.graph().parentWays(_vertex).filter(function (parent) {
+             return parent.geometry(context.graph()) === 'line' && !parent.isClosed() && parent.affix(_vertex.id) && (_geometries.line.length === 0 || _geometries.line[0] === parent);
+           }) : [];
+         }
 
-           function checkForHiddenIssues(cases) {
-             for (var type in cases) {
-               var hiddenOpts = cases[type];
-               var hiddenIssues = context.validator().getIssues(hiddenOpts);
+         var _candidates = candidateWays();
 
-               if (hiddenIssues.length) {
-                 selection.select('.box .details').html(_t.html('issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.' + type, {
-                   count: hiddenIssues.length.toString()
-                 }));
-                 return;
-               }
-             }
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var candidate = _candidates[0];
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, candidate.id, context.graph(), 'line', candidate.affix(_vertex.id), true));
+         };
 
-             selection.select('.box .details').html(_t.html('issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.none'));
-           }
+         operation.relatedEntityIds = function () {
+           return _candidates.length ? [_candidates[0].id] : [];
+         };
 
-           var messageType;
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _geometries.vertex.length === 1 && _geometries.line.length <= 1 && !context.features().hasHiddenConnections(_vertex, context.graph());
+         };
 
-           if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'visible') {
-             messageType = 'edits_in_view';
-             checkForHiddenIssues({
-               elsewhere: {
-                 what: 'edited',
-                 where: 'all'
-               },
-               everything_else: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'visible'
-               },
-               disabled_rules: {
-                 what: 'edited',
-                 where: 'visible',
-                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
-               },
-               everything_else_elsewhere: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'all'
-               },
-               disabled_rules_elsewhere: {
-                 what: 'edited',
-                 where: 'all',
-                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
-               },
-               ignored_issues: {
-                 what: 'edited',
-                 where: 'visible',
-                 includeIgnored: 'only'
-               },
-               ignored_issues_elsewhere: {
-                 what: 'edited',
-                 where: 'all',
-                 includeIgnored: 'only'
-               }
-             });
-           } else if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'all') {
-             messageType = 'edits';
-             checkForHiddenIssues({
-               everything_else: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'all'
-               },
-               disabled_rules: {
-                 what: 'edited',
-                 where: 'all',
-                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
-               },
-               ignored_issues: {
-                 what: 'edited',
-                 where: 'all',
-                 includeIgnored: 'only'
-               }
-             });
-           } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'visible') {
-             messageType = 'everything_in_view';
-             checkForHiddenIssues({
-               elsewhere: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'all'
-               },
-               disabled_rules: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'visible',
-                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
-               },
-               disabled_rules_elsewhere: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'all',
-                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
-               },
-               ignored_issues: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'visible',
-                 includeIgnored: 'only'
-               },
-               ignored_issues_elsewhere: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'all',
-                 includeIgnored: 'only'
-               }
-             });
-           } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'all') {
-             messageType = 'everything';
-             checkForHiddenIssues({
-               disabled_rules: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'all',
-                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
-               },
-               ignored_issues: {
-                 what: 'all',
-                 where: 'all',
-                 includeIgnored: 'only'
-               }
-             });
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (_candidates.length === 0) {
+             return 'not_eligible';
+           } else if (_candidates.length > 1) {
+             return 'multiple';
            }
 
-           if (opts.what === 'edited' && context.history().difference().summary().length === 0) {
-             messageType = 'no_edits';
-           }
+           return false;
+         };
 
-           selection.select('.box .message').html(_t.html('issues.no_issues.message.' + messageType));
-         }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.continue.' + disable) : _t('operations.continue.description');
+         };
 
-         context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationStatus', function () {
-           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-         });
-         context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationStatus', debounce(function () {
-           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-         }, 1000));
-         return section;
-       }
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.continue.annotation.line');
+         };
 
-       function uiPaneIssues(context) {
-         var issuesPane = uiPane('issues', context).key(_t('issues.key')).label(_t.html('issues.title')).description(_t.html('issues.title')).iconName('iD-icon-alert').sections([uiSectionValidationOptions(context), uiSectionValidationStatus(context), uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-errors', 'error', context), uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-warnings', 'warning', context), uiSectionValidationRules(context)]);
-         return issuesPane;
+         operation.id = 'continue';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.continue.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.continue.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
        }
 
-       function uiSettingsCustomData(context) {
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-
-         function render(selection) {
-           var dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data'); // keep separate copies of original and current settings
-
-           var _origSettings = {
-             fileList: dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList() || null,
-             url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
-           };
-           var _currSettings = {
-             fileList: dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList() || null,
-             url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
-           }; // var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
-
-           var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();
-           modal.classed('settings-modal settings-custom-data', true);
-           modal.select('.modal-section.header').append('h3').html(_t.html('settings.custom_data.header'));
-           var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');
-           textSection.append('pre').attr('class', 'instructions-file').html(_t.html('settings.custom_data.file.instructions'));
-           textSection.append('input').attr('class', 'field-file').attr('type', 'file').property('files', _currSettings.fileList) // works for all except IE11
-           .on('change', function (d3_event) {
-             var files = d3_event.target.files;
+       function operationCopy(context, selectedIDs) {
+         function getFilteredIdsToCopy() {
+           return selectedIDs.filter(function (selectedID) {
+             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(selectedID); // don't copy untagged vertices separately from ways
 
-             if (files && files.length) {
-               _currSettings.url = '';
-               textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', '');
-               _currSettings.fileList = files;
-             } else {
-               _currSettings.fileList = null;
-             }
+             return entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex';
            });
-           textSection.append('h4').html(_t.html('settings.custom_data.or'));
-           textSection.append('pre').attr('class', 'instructions-url').html(_t.html('settings.custom_data.url.instructions'));
-           textSection.append('textarea').attr('class', 'field-url').attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_data.url.placeholder')).call(utilNoAuto).property('value', _currSettings.url); // insert a cancel button
-
-           var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');
-           buttonSection.insert('button', '.ok-button').attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action').html(_t.html('confirm.cancel'));
-           buttonSection.select('.cancel-button').on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
-           buttonSection.select('.ok-button').attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.save', clickSave);
-
-           function isSaveDisabled() {
-             return null;
-           } // restore the original url
-
-
-           function clickCancel() {
-             textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', _origSettings.url);
-             corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _origSettings.url);
-             this.blur();
-             modal.close();
-           } // accept the current url
+         }
 
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var selected = groupEntities(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), graph);
+           var canCopy = [];
+           var skip = {};
+           var entity;
+           var i;
 
-           function clickSave() {
-             _currSettings.url = textSection.select('.field-url').property('value').trim(); // one or the other but not both
+           for (i = 0; i < selected.relation.length; i++) {
+             entity = selected.relation[i];
 
-             if (_currSettings.url) {
-               _currSettings.fileList = null;
+             if (!skip[entity.id] && entity.isComplete(graph)) {
+               canCopy.push(entity.id);
+               skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
              }
+           }
 
-             if (_currSettings.fileList) {
-               _currSettings.url = '';
-             }
+           for (i = 0; i < selected.way.length; i++) {
+             entity = selected.way[i];
 
-             corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _currSettings.url);
-             this.blur();
-             modal.close();
-             dispatch$1.call('change', this, _currSettings);
+             if (!skip[entity.id]) {
+               canCopy.push(entity.id);
+               skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
+             }
            }
-         }
 
-         return utilRebind(render, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       function uiSectionDataLayers(context) {
-         var settingsCustomData = uiSettingsCustomData(context).on('change', customChanged);
-         var layers = context.layers();
-         var section = uiSection('data-layers', context).label(_t.html('map_data.data_layers')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+           for (i = 0; i < selected.node.length; i++) {
+             entity = selected.node[i];
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.data-layer-container').data([0]);
-           container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'data-layer-container').merge(container).call(drawOsmItems).call(drawQAItems).call(drawCustomDataItems).call(drawVectorItems) // Beta - Detroit mapping challenge
-           .call(drawPanelItems);
-         }
+             if (!skip[entity.id]) {
+               canCopy.push(entity.id);
+             }
+           }
 
-         function showsLayer(which) {
-           var layer = layers.layer(which);
+           context.copyIDs(canCopy);
 
-           if (layer) {
-             return layer.enabled();
+           if (_point && (canCopy.length !== 1 || graph.entity(canCopy[0]).type !== 'node')) {
+             // store the anchor coordinates if copying more than a single node
+             context.copyLonLat(context.projection.invert(_point));
+           } else {
+             context.copyLonLat(null);
            }
+         };
 
-           return false;
+         function groupEntities(ids, graph) {
+           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           return Object.assign({
+             relation: [],
+             way: [],
+             node: []
+           }, utilArrayGroupBy(entities, 'type'));
          }
 
-         function setLayer(which, enabled) {
-           // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) return;
-           var layer = layers.layer(which);
+         function getDescendants(id, graph, descendants) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(id);
+           var children;
+           descendants = descendants || {};
 
-           if (layer) {
-             layer.enabled(enabled);
+           if (entity.type === 'relation') {
+             children = entity.members.map(function (m) {
+               return m.id;
+             });
+           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             children = entity.nodes;
+           } else {
+             children = [];
+           }
 
-             if (!enabled && (which === 'osm' || which === 'notes')) {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+             if (!descendants[children[i]]) {
+               descendants[children[i]] = true;
+               descendants = getDescendants(children[i], graph, descendants);
              }
            }
-         }
 
-         function toggleLayer(which) {
-           setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
+           return descendants;
          }
 
-         function drawOsmItems(selection) {
-           var osmKeys = ['osm', 'notes'];
-           var osmLayers = layers.all().filter(function (obj) {
-             return osmKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1;
-           });
-           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-osm').data([0]);
-           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-osm').merge(ul);
-           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item').data(osmLayers);
-           li.exit().remove();
-           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id;
-           });
-           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
-             if (d.id === 'osm') {
-               select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key'))]).placement('bottom'));
-             } else {
-               select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
-             }
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
-             toggleLayer(d.id);
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title');
-           }); // Update
-
-           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', function (d) {
-             return d.layer.enabled();
-           }).selectAll('input').property('checked', function (d) {
-             return d.layer.enabled();
-           });
-         }
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return getFilteredIdsToCopy().length > 0;
+         };
 
-         function drawQAItems(selection) {
-           var qaKeys = ['keepRight', 'improveOSM', 'osmose'];
-           var qaLayers = layers.all().filter(function (obj) {
-             return qaKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1;
-           });
-           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-qa').data([0]);
-           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-qa').merge(ul);
-           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item').data(qaLayers);
-           li.exit().remove();
-           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id;
-           });
-           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
-             toggleLayer(d.id);
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title');
-           }); // Update
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var extent = utilTotalExtent(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), context.graph());
 
-           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', function (d) {
-             return d.layer.enabled();
-           }).selectAll('input').property('checked', function (d) {
-             return d.layer.enabled();
-           });
-         } // Beta feature - sample vector layers to support Detroit Mapping Challenge
-         // https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           }
 
+           return false;
+         };
 
-         function drawVectorItems(selection) {
-           var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
-           var vtData = [{
-             name: 'Detroit Neighborhoods/Parks',
-             src: 'neighborhoods-parks',
-             tooltip: 'Neighborhood boundaries and parks as compiled by City of Detroit in concert with community groups.',
-             template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmur6x34562qp9iv1u3ksf-54hev,jonahadkins.cjksmqxdx33jj2wp90xd9x2md-4e5y2/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
-           }, {
-             name: 'Detroit Composite POIs',
-             src: 'composite-poi',
-             tooltip: 'Fire Inspections, Business Licenses, and other public location data collated from the City of Detroit.',
-             template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmm6a02sli31myxhsr7zf3-2sw8h/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
-           }, {
-             name: 'Detroit All-The-Places POIs',
-             src: 'alltheplaces-poi',
-             tooltip: 'Public domain business location data created by web scrapers.',
-             template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmswgk340g2vo06p1w9w0j-8fjjc/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
-           }]; // Only show this if the map is around Detroit..
+         operation.availableForKeypress = function () {
+           var selection = window.getSelection && window.getSelection(); // if the user has text selected then let them copy that, not the selected feature
 
-           var detroit = geoExtent([-83.5, 42.1], [-82.8, 42.5]);
-           var showVectorItems = context.map().zoom() > 9 && detroit.contains(context.map().center());
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.vectortile-container').data(showVectorItems ? [0] : []);
-           container.exit().remove();
-           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'vectortile-container');
-           containerEnter.append('h4').attr('class', 'vectortile-header').html('Detroit Vector Tiles (Beta)');
-           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-vectortile');
-           containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'vectortile-footer').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge').append('span').html('About these layers');
-           container = container.merge(containerEnter);
-           var ul = container.selectAll('.layer-list-vectortile');
-           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item').data(vtData);
-           li.exit().remove();
-           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'list-item list-item-' + d.src;
+           return !selection || !selection.toString();
+         };
+
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.copy.' + disable, {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           }) : _t('operations.copy.description', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
            });
-           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(d.tooltip).placement('top'));
+         };
+
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.copy.annotation', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
            });
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', 'vectortile').on('change', selectVTLayer);
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return d.name;
-           }); // Update
+         };
 
-           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', isVTLayerSelected).selectAll('input').property('checked', isVTLayerSelected);
+         var _point;
 
-           function isVTLayerSelected(d) {
-             return dataLayer && dataLayer.template() === d.template;
-           }
+         operation.point = function (val) {
+           _point = val;
+           return operation;
+         };
 
-           function selectVTLayer(d3_event, d) {
-             corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', d.template);
+         operation.id = 'copy';
+         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘C')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.copy.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-             if (dataLayer) {
-               dataLayer.template(d.template, d.src);
-               dataLayer.enabled(true);
-             }
+       function operationDisconnect(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _vertexIDs = [];
+         var _wayIDs = [];
+         var _otherIDs = [];
+         var _actions = [];
+         selectedIDs.forEach(function (id) {
+           var entity = context.entity(id);
+
+           if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             _wayIDs.push(id);
+           } else if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex') {
+             _vertexIDs.push(id);
+           } else {
+             _otherIDs.push(id);
            }
-         }
+         });
 
-         function drawCustomDataItems(selection) {
-           var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
-           var hasData = dataLayer && dataLayer.hasData();
-           var showsData = hasData && dataLayer.enabled();
-           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-data').data(dataLayer ? [0] : []); // Exit
+         var _coords,
+             _descriptionID = '',
+             _annotationID = 'features';
 
-           ul.exit().remove(); // Enter
+         var _disconnectingVertexIds = [];
+         var _disconnectingWayIds = [];
 
-           var ulEnter = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-data');
-           var liEnter = ulEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'list-item-data');
-           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.tooltip')).placement('top'));
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function () {
-             toggleLayer('data');
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.title'));
-           liEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'open-data-options').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('settings.custom_data.tooltip')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             editCustom();
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));
-           liEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'zoom-to-data').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.zoom')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             if (select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             dataLayer.fitZoom();
-           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome')); // Update
+         if (_vertexIDs.length > 0) {
+           // At the selected vertices, disconnect the selected ways, if any, else
+           // disconnect all connected ways
+           _disconnectingVertexIds = _vertexIDs;
 
-           ul = ul.merge(ulEnter);
-           ul.selectAll('.list-item-data').classed('active', showsData).selectAll('label').classed('deemphasize', !hasData).selectAll('input').property('disabled', !hasData).property('checked', showsData);
-           ul.selectAll('button.zoom-to-data').classed('disabled', !hasData);
-         }
+           _vertexIDs.forEach(function (vertexID) {
+             var action = actionDisconnect(vertexID);
 
-         function editCustom() {
-           context.container().call(settingsCustomData);
-         }
+             if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
+               var waysIDsForVertex = _wayIDs.filter(function (wayID) {
+                 var way = context.entity(wayID);
+                 return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
+               });
 
-         function customChanged(d) {
-           var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
+               action.limitWays(waysIDsForVertex);
+             }
 
-           if (d && d.url) {
-             dataLayer.url(d.url);
-           } else if (d && d.fileList) {
-             dataLayer.fileList(d.fileList);
-           }
-         }
+             _actions.push(action);
 
-         function drawPanelItems(selection) {
-           var panelsListEnter = selection.selectAll('.md-extras-list').data([0]).enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list md-extras-list');
-           var historyPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'history-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.history_panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.history.key'))]).placement('top'));
-           historyPanelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.ui().info.toggle('history');
+             _disconnectingWayIds = _disconnectingWayIds.concat(context.graph().parentWays(context.graph().entity(vertexID)).map(function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             }));
            });
-           historyPanelLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('map_data.history_panel.title'));
-           var measurementPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'measurement-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.measurement_panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.measurement.key'))]).placement('top'));
-           measurementPanelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.ui().info.toggle('measurement');
+
+           _disconnectingWayIds = utilArrayUniq(_disconnectingWayIds).filter(function (id) {
+             return _wayIDs.indexOf(id) === -1;
            });
-           measurementPanelLabelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('map_data.measurement_panel.title'));
-         }
+           _descriptionID += _actions.length === 1 ? 'single_point.' : 'multiple_points.';
 
-         context.layers().on('change.uiSectionDataLayers', section.reRender);
-         context.map().on('move.uiSectionDataLayers', debounce(function () {
-           // Detroit layers may have moved in or out of view
-           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-         }, 1000));
-         return section;
-       }
+           if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
+             _descriptionID += 'single_way.' + context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
+           } else {
+             _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 0 ? 'no_ways' : 'multiple_ways';
+           }
+         } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
+           // Disconnect the selected ways from each other, if they're connected,
+           // else disconnect them from all connected ways
+           var ways = _wayIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return context.entity(id);
+           });
 
-       function uiSectionMapFeatures(context) {
-         var _features = context.features().keys();
+           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph());
+           _coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return n.loc;
+           }); // actions for connected nodes shared by at least two selected ways
 
-         var section = uiSection('map-features', context).label(_t.html('map_data.map_features')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
+           var sharedActions = [];
+           var sharedNodes = []; // actions for connected nodes
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-feature-list-container').data([0]);
-           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'layer-feature-list-container');
-           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-feature-list');
-           var footer = containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'feature-list-links section-footer');
-           footer.append('a').attr('class', 'feature-list-link').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('issues.disable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.features().disableAll();
-           });
-           footer.append('a').attr('class', 'feature-list-link').attr('href', '#').html(_t.html('issues.enable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.features().enableAll();
-           }); // Update
+           var unsharedActions = [];
+           var unsharedNodes = [];
+           nodes.forEach(function (node) {
+             var action = actionDisconnect(node.id).limitWays(_wayIDs);
 
-           container = container.merge(containerEnter);
-           container.selectAll('.layer-feature-list').call(drawListItems, _features, 'checkbox', 'feature', clickFeature, showsFeature);
-         }
+             if (action.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_connected') {
+               var count = 0;
 
-         function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
-           var items = selection.selectAll('li').data(data); // Exit
+               for (var i in ways) {
+                 var way = ways[i];
 
-           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
+                 if (way.nodes.indexOf(node.id) !== -1) {
+                   count += 1;
+                 }
 
-           var enter = items.enter().append('li').call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
-             var tip = _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
+                 if (count > 1) break;
+               }
 
-             if (autoHiddenFeature(d)) {
-               var msg = showsLayer('osm') ? _t.html('map_data.autohidden') : _t.html('map_data.osmhidden');
-               tip += '<div>' + msg + '</div>';
+               if (count > 1) {
+                 sharedActions.push(action);
+                 sharedNodes.push(node);
+               } else {
+                 unsharedActions.push(action);
+                 unsharedNodes.push(node);
+               }
              }
+           });
+           _descriptionID += 'no_points.';
+           _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 1 ? 'single_way.' : 'multiple_ways.';
 
-             return tip;
-           }).placement('top'));
-           var label = enter.append('label');
-           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', name).on('change', change);
-           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.description');
-           }); // Update
+           if (sharedActions.length) {
+             // if any nodes are shared, only disconnect the selected ways from each other
+             _actions = sharedActions;
+             _disconnectingVertexIds = sharedNodes.map(function (node) {
+               return node.id;
+             });
+             _descriptionID += 'conjoined';
+             _annotationID = 'from_each_other';
+           } else {
+             // if no nodes are shared, disconnect the selected ways from all connected ways
+             _actions = unsharedActions;
+             _disconnectingVertexIds = unsharedNodes.map(function (node) {
+               return node.id;
+             });
 
-           items = items.merge(enter);
-           items.classed('active', active).selectAll('input').property('checked', active).property('indeterminate', autoHiddenFeature);
+             if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
+               _descriptionID += context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
+             } else {
+               _descriptionID += 'separate';
+             }
+           }
          }
 
-         function autoHiddenFeature(d) {
-           return context.features().autoHidden(d);
-         }
+         var _extent = utilTotalExtent(_disconnectingVertexIds, context.graph());
 
-         function showsFeature(d) {
-           return context.features().enabled(d);
-         }
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.perform(function (graph) {
+             return _actions.reduce(function (graph, action) {
+               return action(graph);
+             }, graph);
+           }, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate();
+         };
 
-         function clickFeature(d3_event, d) {
-           context.features().toggle(d);
-         }
+         operation.relatedEntityIds = function () {
+           if (_vertexIDs.length) {
+             return _disconnectingWayIds;
+           }
 
-         function showsLayer(id) {
-           var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
-           return layer && layer.enabled();
-         } // add listeners
+           return _disconnectingVertexIds;
+         };
 
+         operation.available = function () {
+           if (_actions.length === 0) return false;
+           if (_otherIDs.length !== 0) return false;
+           if (_vertexIDs.length !== 0 && _wayIDs.length !== 0 && !_wayIDs.every(function (wayID) {
+             return _vertexIDs.some(function (vertexID) {
+               var way = context.entity(wayID);
+               return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
+             });
+           })) return false;
+           return true;
+         };
 
-         context.features().on('change.map_features', section.reRender);
-         return section;
-       }
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var reason;
 
-       function uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('fill-area', context).label(_t.html('map_data.style_options')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
+           for (var actionIndex in _actions) {
+             reason = _actions[actionIndex].disabled(context.graph());
+             if (reason) return reason;
+           }
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-fill-list').data([0]);
-           container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-fill-list').merge(container).call(drawListItems, context.map().areaFillOptions, 'radio', 'area_fill', setFill, isActiveFill);
-           var container2 = selection.selectAll('.layer-visual-diff-list').data([0]);
-           container2.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-visual-diff-list').merge(container2).call(drawListItems, ['highlight_edits'], 'checkbox', 'visual_diff', toggleHighlightEdited, function () {
-             return context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
-           });
-         }
+           if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large.' + ((_vertexIDs.length ? _vertexIDs : _wayIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
+           } else if (_coords && someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           }
 
-         function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
-           var items = selection.selectAll('li').data(data); // Exit
+           return false;
 
-           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-           var enter = items.enter().append('li').call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
-             return _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
-           }).keys(function (d) {
-             var key = d === 'wireframe' ? _t('area_fill.wireframe.key') : null;
-             if (d === 'highlight_edits') key = _t('map_data.highlight_edits.key');
-             return key ? [key] : null;
-           }).placement('top'));
-           var label = enter.append('label');
-           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', name).on('change', change);
-           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.description');
-           }); // Update
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-           items = items.merge(enter);
-           items.classed('active', active).selectAll('input').property('checked', active).property('indeterminate', false);
-         }
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-         function isActiveFill(d) {
-           return context.map().activeAreaFill() === d;
-         }
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
-         function toggleHighlightEdited(d3_event) {
-           d3_event.preventDefault();
-           context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
-         }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
 
-         function setFill(d3_event, d) {
-           context.map().activeAreaFill(d);
-         }
+           if (disable) {
+             return _t('operations.disconnect.' + disable);
+           }
 
-         context.map().on('changeHighlighting.ui_style, changeAreaFill.ui_style', section.reRender);
-         return section;
+           return _t('operations.disconnect.description.' + _descriptionID);
+         };
+
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.disconnect.annotation.' + _annotationID);
+         };
+
+         operation.id = 'disconnect';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.disconnect.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.disconnect.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
        }
 
-       function uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context) {
-         var layers = context.layers();
-         var section = uiSection('photo-overlays', context).label(_t.html('photo_overlays.title')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
+       function operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _affectedFeatureCount = 0;
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           var container = selection.selectAll('.photo-overlay-container').data([0]);
-           container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'photo-overlay-container').merge(container).call(drawPhotoItems).call(drawPhotoTypeItems).call(drawDateFilter).call(drawUsernameFilter);
-         }
+         var _downgradeType = downgradeTypeForEntityIDs(selectedIDs);
 
-         function drawPhotoItems(selection) {
-           var photoKeys = context.photos().overlayLayerIDs();
-           var photoLayers = layers.all().filter(function (obj) {
-             return photoKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1;
-           });
-           var data = photoLayers.filter(function (obj) {
-             return obj.layer.supported();
-           });
+         var _multi = _affectedFeatureCount === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-           function layerSupported(d) {
-             return d.layer && d.layer.supported();
-           }
+         function downgradeTypeForEntityIDs(entityIds) {
+           var downgradeType;
+           _affectedFeatureCount = 0;
 
-           function layerEnabled(d) {
-             return layerSupported(d) && d.layer.enabled();
-           }
+           for (var i in entityIds) {
+             var entityID = entityIds[i];
+             var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
 
-           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-photos').data([0]);
-           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photos').merge(ul);
-           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photos').data(data);
-           li.exit().remove();
-           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
-             var classes = 'list-item-photos list-item-' + d.id;
+             if (type) {
+               _affectedFeatureCount += 1;
 
-             if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs' || d.id === 'mapillary-map-features') {
-               classes += ' indented';
+               if (downgradeType && type !== downgradeType) {
+                 if (downgradeType !== 'generic' && type !== 'generic') {
+                   downgradeType = 'building_address';
+                 } else {
+                   downgradeType = 'generic';
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 downgradeType = type;
+               }
              }
+           }
 
-             return classes;
-           });
-           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
-             var titleID;
-             if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs') titleID = 'mapillary.signs.tooltip';else if (d.id === 'mapillary') titleID = 'mapillary_images.tooltip';else if (d.id === 'openstreetcam') titleID = 'openstreetcam_images.tooltip';else titleID = d.id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.tooltip';
-             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html(titleID)).placement('top'));
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
-             toggleLayer(d.id);
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             var id = d.id;
-             if (id === 'mapillary-signs') id = 'photo_overlays.traffic_signs';
-             return _t.html(id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.title');
-           }); // Update
-
-           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', layerEnabled).selectAll('input').property('checked', layerEnabled);
+           return downgradeType;
          }
 
-         function drawPhotoTypeItems(selection) {
-           var data = context.photos().allPhotoTypes();
+         function downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
+           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+           if (!preset || preset.isFallback()) return null;
 
-           function typeEnabled(d) {
-             return context.photos().showsPhotoType(d);
+           if (entity.type === 'node' && preset.id !== 'address' && Object.keys(entity.tags).some(function (key) {
+             return key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/);
+           })) {
+             return 'address';
            }
 
-           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-photo-types').data([0]);
-           ul.exit().remove();
-           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photo-types').merge(ul);
-           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photo-types').data(context.photos().shouldFilterByPhotoType() ? data : []);
-           li.exit().remove();
-           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
-             return 'list-item-photo-types list-item-' + d;
-           });
-           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.tooltip')).placement('top'));
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
-             context.photos().togglePhotoType(d);
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.title');
-           }); // Update
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
 
-           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', typeEnabled).selectAll('input').property('checked', typeEnabled);
+           if (geometry === 'area' && entity.tags.building && !preset.tags.building) {
+             return 'building';
+           }
+
+           if (geometry === 'vertex' && Object.keys(entity.tags).length) {
+             return 'generic';
+           }
+
+           return null;
          }
 
-         function drawDateFilter(selection) {
-           var data = context.photos().dateFilters();
+         var buildingKeysToKeep = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer', 'source', 'type', 'wheelchair'];
+         var addressKeysToKeep = ['source'];
+
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.perform(function (graph) {
+             for (var i in selectedIDs) {
+               var entityID = selectedIDs[i];
+               var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
+               if (!type) continue;
+               var tags = Object.assign({}, graph.entity(entityID).tags); // shallow copy
+
+               for (var key in tags) {
+                 if (type === 'address' && addressKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1) continue;
+
+                 if (type === 'building') {
+                   if (buildingKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1 || key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) || key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) continue;
+                 }
+
+                 if (type !== 'generic') {
+                   if (key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/) || key.match(/^source:.{1,}/)) continue;
+                 }
 
-           function filterEnabled(d) {
-             return context.photos().dateFilterValue(d);
-           }
+                 delete tags[key];
+               }
 
-           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-date-filter').data([0]);
-           ul.exit().remove();
-           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-date-filter').merge(ul);
-           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-date-filter').data(context.photos().shouldFilterByDate() ? data : []);
-           li.exit().remove();
-           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'list-item-date-filter');
-           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
-             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('photo_overlays.date_filter.' + d + '.tooltip')).placement('top'));
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
-             return _t.html('photo_overlays.date_filter.' + d + '.title');
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'date').attr('class', 'list-item-input').attr('placeholder', _t('units.year_month_day')).call(utilNoAuto).each(function (d) {
-             utilGetSetValue(select(this), context.photos().dateFilterValue(d) || '');
-           }).on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
-             var value = utilGetSetValue(select(this)).trim();
-             context.photos().setDateFilter(d, value, true); // reload the displayed dates
+               graph = actionChangeTags(entityID, tags)(graph);
+             }
 
-             li.selectAll('input').each(function (d) {
-               utilGetSetValue(select(this), context.photos().dateFilterValue(d) || '');
-             });
-           });
-           li = li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', filterEnabled);
-         }
+             return graph;
+           }, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate(); // refresh the select mode to enable the delete operation
 
-         function drawUsernameFilter(selection) {
-           function filterEnabled() {
-             return context.photos().usernames();
-           }
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
+         };
 
-           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-username-filter').data([0]);
-           ul.exit().remove();
-           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-username-filter').merge(ul);
-           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-username-filter').data(context.photos().shouldFilterByUsername() ? ['username-filter'] : []);
-           li.exit().remove();
-           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'list-item-username-filter');
-           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function () {
-             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('photo_overlays.username_filter.tooltip')).placement('top'));
-           });
-           labelEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('photo_overlays.username_filter.title'));
-           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'list-item-input').call(utilNoAuto).property('value', usernameValue).on('change', function () {
-             var value = select(this).property('value');
-             context.photos().setUsernameFilter(value, true);
-             select(this).property('value', usernameValue);
-           });
-           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', filterEnabled);
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _downgradeType;
+         };
 
-           function usernameValue() {
-             var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
-             if (usernames) return usernames.join('; ');
-             return usernames;
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
+             return 'has_wikidata_tag';
            }
-         }
-
-         function toggleLayer(which) {
-           setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
-         }
 
-         function showsLayer(which) {
-           var layer = layers.layer(which);
+           return false;
 
-           if (layer) {
-             return layer.enabled();
+           function hasWikidataTag(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
            }
+         };
 
-           return false;
-         }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.downgrade.' + disable + '.' + _multi) : _t('operations.downgrade.description.' + _downgradeType);
+         };
 
-         function setLayer(which, enabled) {
-           var layer = layers.layer(which);
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           var suffix;
 
-           if (layer) {
-             layer.enabled(enabled);
+           if (_downgradeType === 'building_address') {
+             suffix = 'generic';
+           } else {
+             suffix = _downgradeType;
            }
-         }
 
-         context.layers().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);
-         context.photos().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);
-         return section;
-       }
+           return _t('operations.downgrade.annotation.' + suffix, {
+             n: _affectedFeatureCount
+           });
+         };
 
-       function uiPaneMapData(context) {
-         var mapDataPane = uiPane('map-data', context).key(_t('map_data.key')).label(_t.html('map_data.title')).description(_t.html('map_data.description')).iconName('iD-icon-data').sections([uiSectionDataLayers(context), uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context), uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context), uiSectionMapFeatures(context)]);
-         return mapDataPane;
+         operation.id = 'downgrade';
+         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌫')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.downgrade.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
        }
 
-       function uiSectionPrivacy(context) {
-         var section = uiSection('preferences-third-party', context).label(_t.html('preferences.privacy.title')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+       function operationExtract(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _amount = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-         var _showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
+         var _geometries = utilArrayUniq(selectedIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+           return context.graph().hasEntity(entityID) && context.graph().geometry(entityID);
+         }).filter(Boolean));
 
-         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-           // enter
-           var privacyOptionsListEnter = selection.selectAll('.privacy-options-list').data([0]).enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list privacy-options-list');
-           var thirdPartyIconsEnter = privacyOptionsListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'privacy-third-party-icons-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
-           thirdPartyIconsEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             _showThirdPartyIcons = _showThirdPartyIcons === 'true' ? 'false' : 'true';
-             corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons', _showThirdPartyIcons);
-             update();
-           });
-           thirdPartyIconsEnter.append('span').html(_t.html('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.description')); // Privacy Policy link
+         var _geometryID = _geometries.length === 1 ? _geometries[0] : 'feature';
 
-           selection.selectAll('.privacy-link').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'privacy-link').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md').append('span').html(_t.html('preferences.privacy.privacy_link'));
-           update();
+         var _extent;
 
-           function update() {
-             selection.selectAll('.privacy-third-party-icons-item').classed('active', _showThirdPartyIcons === 'true').select('input').property('checked', _showThirdPartyIcons === 'true');
-           }
-         }
+         var _actions = selectedIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
+           if (!entity || !entity.hasInterestingTags()) return null;
+           if (entity.type === 'node' && graph.parentWays(entity).length === 0) return null;
 
-         return section;
-       }
+           if (entity.type !== 'node') {
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph); // only allow extraction from ways/relations if the preset supports points
 
-       function uiPanePreferences(context) {
-         var preferencesPane = uiPane('preferences', context).key(_t('preferences.key')).label(_t.html('preferences.title')).description(_t.html('preferences.description')).iconName('fas-user-cog').sections([uiSectionPrivacy(context)]);
-         return preferencesPane;
-       }
+             if (preset.geometry.indexOf('point') === -1) return null;
+           }
 
-       function uiInit(context) {
-         var _initCounter = 0;
-         var _needWidth = {};
+           _extent = _extent ? _extent.extend(entity.extent(graph)) : entity.extent(graph);
+           return actionExtract(entityID, context.projection);
+         }).filter(Boolean);
 
-         var _lastPointerType;
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph) {
+             _actions.forEach(function (action) {
+               graph = action(graph);
+             });
 
-         function render(container) {
-           container.on('click.ui', function (d3_event) {
-             // we're only concerned with the primary mouse button
-             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
-             if (!d3_event.composedPath) return; // some targets have default click events we don't want to override
+             return graph;
+           };
 
-             var isOkayTarget = d3_event.composedPath().some(function (node) {
-               // we only care about element nodes
-               return node.nodeType === 1 && ( // clicking <input> focuses it and/or changes a value
-               node.nodeName === 'INPUT' || // clicking <label> affects its <input> by default
-               node.nodeName === 'LABEL' || // clicking <a> opens a hyperlink by default
-               node.nodeName === 'A');
-             });
-             if (isOkayTarget) return; // disable double-tap-to-zoom on touchscreens
+           context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation()); // do the extract
 
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           var extractedNodeIDs = _actions.map(function (action) {
+             return action.getExtractedNodeID();
            });
-           var detected = utilDetect(); // only WebKit supports gesture events
 
-           if ('GestureEvent' in window && // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
-           // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
-           !detected.isMobileWebKit) {
-             // On iOS we disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via the `touch-action`
-             // CSS property, but on desktop Safari we need to manually cancel the
-             // default gesture events.
-             container.on('gesturestart.ui gesturechange.ui gestureend.ui', function (d3_event) {
-               // disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via multitouch trackpads on macOS Safari
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-             });
-           }
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, extractedNodeIDs));
+         };
 
-           if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
-             select(window).on('pointerdown.ui pointerup.ui', function (d3_event) {
-               var pointerType = d3_event.pointerType || 'mouse';
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
+         };
 
-               if (_lastPointerType !== pointerType) {
-                 _lastPointerType = pointerType;
-                 container.attr('pointer', pointerType);
-               }
-             }, true);
-           } else {
-             _lastPointerType = 'mouse';
-             container.attr('pointer', 'mouse');
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(function (entityID) {
+             return context.graph().geometry(entityID) === 'vertex' && context.hasHiddenConnections(entityID);
+           })) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
            }
 
-           container.attr('lang', _mainLocalizer.localeCode()).attr('dir', _mainLocalizer.textDirection()); // setup fullscreen keybindings (no button shown at this time)
+           return false;
+         };
 
-           container.call(uiFullScreen(context));
-           var map = context.map();
-           map.redrawEnable(false); // don't draw until we've set zoom/lat/long
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disableReason = operation.disabled();
 
-           map.on('hitMinZoom.ui', function () {
-             ui.flash.iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html('cannot_zoom'))();
+           if (disableReason) {
+             return _t('operations.extract.' + disableReason + '.' + _amount);
+           } else {
+             return _t('operations.extract.description.' + _geometryID + '.' + _amount);
+           }
+         };
+
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.extract.annotation', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
            });
-           container.append('svg').attr('id', 'ideditor-defs').call(ui.svgDefs);
-           container.append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar').call(ui.sidebar);
-           var content = container.append('div').attr('class', 'main-content active'); // Top toolbar
+         };
 
-           content.append('div').attr('class', 'top-toolbar-wrap').append('div').attr('class', 'top-toolbar fillD').call(uiTopToolbar(context));
-           content.append('div').attr('class', 'main-map').attr('dir', 'ltr').call(map);
-           var overMap = content.append('div').attr('class', 'over-map'); // HACK: Mobile Safari 14 likes to select anything selectable when long-
-           // pressing, even if it's not targeted. This conflicts with long-pressing
-           // to show the edit menu. We add a selectable offscreen element as the first
-           // child to trick Safari into not showing the selection UI.
+         operation.id = 'extract';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.extract.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.extract.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'select-trap').text('t');
-           overMap.call(uiMapInMap(context)).call(uiNotice(context));
-           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'spinner').call(uiSpinner(context)); // Map controls
+       function operationMerge(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _action = getAction();
 
-           var controls = overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'map-controls');
-           controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control zoombuttons').call(uiZoom(context));
-           controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control zoom-to-selection-control').call(uiZoomToSelection(context));
-           controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control geolocate-control').call(uiGeolocate(context)); // Add panes
-           // This should happen after map is initialized, as some require surface()
+         function getAction() {
+           // prefer a non-disabled action first
+           var join = actionJoin(selectedIDs);
+           if (!join.disabled(context.graph())) return join;
+           var merge = actionMerge(selectedIDs);
+           if (!merge.disabled(context.graph())) return merge;
+           var mergePolygon = actionMergePolygon(selectedIDs);
+           if (!mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph())) return mergePolygon;
+           var mergeNodes = actionMergeNodes(selectedIDs);
+           if (!mergeNodes.disabled(context.graph())) return mergeNodes; // otherwise prefer an action with an interesting disabled reason
 
-           var panes = overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'map-panes');
-           var uiPanes = [uiPaneBackground(context), uiPaneMapData(context), uiPaneIssues(context), uiPanePreferences(context), uiPaneHelp(context)];
-           uiPanes.forEach(function (pane) {
-             controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control map-pane-control ' + pane.id + '-control').call(pane.renderToggleButton);
-             panes.call(pane.renderPane);
-           });
-           ui.info = uiInfo(context);
-           overMap.call(ui.info);
-           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'photoviewer').classed('al', true) // 'al'=left,  'ar'=right
-           .classed('hide', true).call(ui.photoviewer);
-           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-wrap').attr('dir', 'ltr').call(uiAttribution(context)); // Add footer
+           if (join.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return join;
+           if (merge.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return merge;
+           if (mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return mergePolygon;
+           return mergeNodes;
+         }
 
-           var about = content.append('div').attr('class', 'map-footer');
-           about.append('div').attr('class', 'api-status').call(uiStatus(context));
-           var footer = about.append('div').attr('class', 'map-footer-bar fillD');
-           footer.append('div').attr('class', 'flash-wrap footer-hide');
-           var footerWrap = footer.append('div').attr('class', 'main-footer-wrap footer-show');
-           footerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'scale-block').call(uiScale(context));
-           var aboutList = footerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'info-block').append('ul').attr('class', 'map-footer-list');
-           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'user-list').call(uiContributors(context));
-           var apiConnections = context.apiConnections();
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           if (operation.disabled()) return;
+           context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate();
+           var resultIDs = selectedIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
 
-           if (apiConnections && apiConnections.length > 1) {
-             aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'source-switch').call(uiSourceSwitch(context).keys(apiConnections));
+           if (resultIDs.length > 1) {
+             var interestingIDs = resultIDs.filter(function (id) {
+               return context.entity(id).hasInterestingTags();
+             });
+             if (interestingIDs.length) resultIDs = interestingIDs;
            }
 
-           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'issues-info').call(uiIssuesInfo(context));
-           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'feature-warning').call(uiFeatureInfo(context));
-           var issueLinks = aboutList.append('li');
-           issueLinks.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bug', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('report_a_bug')).placement('top'));
-           issueLinks.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/CONTRIBUTING.md#translating').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-translate', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('help_translate')).placement('top'));
-           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'version').call(uiVersion(context));
-
-           if (!context.embed()) {
-             aboutList.call(uiAccount(context));
-           } // Setup map dimensions and move map to initial center/zoom.
-           // This should happen after .main-content and toolbars exist.
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultIDs));
+         };
 
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length >= 2;
+         };
 
-           ui.onResize();
-           map.redrawEnable(true);
-           ui.hash = behaviorHash(context);
-           ui.hash();
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var actionDisabled = _action.disabled(context.graph());
 
-           if (!ui.hash.hadHash) {
-             map.centerZoom([0, 0], 2);
-           } // Bind events
+           if (actionDisabled) return actionDisabled;
+           var osm = context.connection();
 
+           if (osm && _action.resultingWayNodesLength && _action.resultingWayNodesLength(context.graph()) > osm.maxWayNodes()) {
+             return 'too_many_vertices';
+           }
 
-           window.onbeforeunload = function () {
-             return context.save();
-           };
+           return false;
+         };
 
-           window.onunload = function () {
-             context.history().unlock();
-           };
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disabled = operation.disabled();
 
-           select(window).on('resize.editor', function () {
-             ui.onResize();
-           });
-           var panPixels = 80;
-           context.keybinding().on('⌫', function (d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-           }).on([_t('sidebar.key'), '`', '²', '@'], ui.sidebar.toggle) // #5663, #6864 - common QWERTY, AZERTY
-           .on('←', pan([panPixels, 0])).on('↑', pan([0, panPixels])).on('→', pan([-panPixels, 0])).on('↓', pan([0, -panPixels])).on(uiCmd('⌥←'), pan([map.dimensions()[0], 0])).on(uiCmd('⌥↑'), pan([0, map.dimensions()[1]])).on(uiCmd('⌥→'), pan([-map.dimensions()[0], 0])).on(uiCmd('⌥↓'), pan([0, -map.dimensions()[1]])).on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key')), function quickSwitch(d3_event) {
-             if (d3_event) {
-               d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
+           if (disabled) {
+             if (disabled === 'conflicting_relations') {
+               return _t('operations.merge.conflicting_relations');
              }
 
-             var previousBackground = context.background().findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle'));
-
-             if (previousBackground) {
-               var currentBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
-               corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', currentBackground.id);
-               corePreferences('background-last-used', previousBackground.id);
-               context.background().baseLayerSource(previousBackground);
+             if (disabled === 'restriction' || disabled === 'connectivity') {
+               return _t('operations.merge.damage_relation', {
+                 relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/' + disabled).name()
+               });
              }
-           }).on(_t('area_fill.wireframe.key'), function toggleWireframe(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation();
-             context.map().toggleWireframe();
-           }).on(uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key')), function toggleOsmData(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
 
-             var mode = context.mode();
-             if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) return;
-             var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
+             return _t('operations.merge.' + disabled);
+           }
 
-             if (layer) {
-               layer.enabled(!layer.enabled());
+           return _t('operations.merge.description');
+         };
 
-               if (!layer.enabled()) {
-                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               }
-             }
-           }).on(_t('map_data.highlight_edits.key'), function toggleHighlightEdited(d3_event) {
-             d3_event.preventDefault();
-             context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.merge.annotation', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
            });
-           context.on('enter.editor', function (entered) {
-             container.classed('mode-' + entered.id, true);
-           }).on('exit.editor', function (exited) {
-             container.classed('mode-' + exited.id, false);
+         };
+
+         operation.id = 'merge';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.merge.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.merge.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
+
+       function operationPaste(context) {
+         var _pastePoint;
+
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           if (!_pastePoint) return;
+           var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
+           if (!oldIDs.length) return;
+           var projection = context.projection;
+           var extent = geoExtent();
+           var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
+           var newIDs = [];
+           var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
+           context.perform(action);
+           var copies = action.copies();
+           var originals = new Set();
+           Object.values(copies).forEach(function (entity) {
+             originals.add(entity.id);
            });
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
 
-           if (!_initCounter++) {
-             if (!ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
-               context.container().call(uiSplash(context)).call(uiRestore(context));
-             }
+           for (var id in copies) {
+             var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
+             var newEntity = copies[id];
 
-             context.container().call(ui.shortcuts);
-           }
+             extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph)); // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
 
-           var osm = context.connection();
-           var auth = uiLoading(context).message(_t.html('loading_auth')).blocking(true);
 
-           if (osm && auth) {
-             osm.on('authLoading.ui', function () {
-               context.container().call(auth);
-             }).on('authDone.ui', function () {
-               auth.close();
+             var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
+             var parentCopied = parents.some(function (parent) {
+               return originals.has(parent.id);
              });
-           }
 
-           _initCounter++;
+             if (!parentCopied) {
+               newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
+             }
+           } // Use the location of the copy operation to offset the paste location,
+           // or else use the center of the pasted extent
 
-           if (ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
-             ui.hash.startWalkthrough = false;
-             context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
-           }
 
-           function pan(d) {
-             return function (d3_event) {
-               if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
-               if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-               d3_event.preventDefault();
-               context.map().pan(d, 100);
-             };
+           var copyPoint = context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat()) || projection(extent.center());
+           var delta = geoVecSubtract(_pastePoint, copyPoint); // Move the pasted objects to be anchored at the paste location
+
+           context.replace(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection), operation.annotation());
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, newIDs));
+         };
+
+         operation.point = function (val) {
+           _pastePoint = val;
+           return operation;
+         };
+
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return context.mode().id === 'browse';
+         };
+
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           return !context.copyIDs().length;
+         };
+
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
+           var ids = context.copyIDs();
+
+           if (!ids.length) {
+             return _t('operations.paste.nothing_copied');
            }
-         }
 
-         var ui = {};
+           return _t('operations.paste.description', {
+             feature: utilDisplayLabel(oldGraph.entity(ids[0]), oldGraph),
+             n: ids.length
+           });
+         };
+
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           var ids = context.copyIDs();
+           return _t('operations.paste.annotation', {
+             n: ids.length
+           });
+         };
+
+         operation.id = 'paste';
+         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘V')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.paste.title');
+         return operation;
+       }
+
+       function operationReverse(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.perform(function combinedReverseAction(graph) {
+             actions().forEach(function (action) {
+               graph = action(graph);
+             });
+             return graph;
+           }, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate();
+         };
 
-         var _loadPromise; // renders the iD interface into the container node
+         function actions(situation) {
+           return selectedIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+             if (!entity) return null;
 
+             if (situation === 'toolbar') {
+               if (entity.type === 'way' && !entity.isOneWay() && !entity.isSided()) return null;
+             }
 
-         ui.ensureLoaded = function () {
-           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
-           return _loadPromise = Promise.all([// must have strings and presets before loading the UI
-           _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded(), _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded()]).then(function () {
-             if (!context.container().empty()) render(context.container());
-           })["catch"](function (err) {
-             return console.error(err);
-           }); // eslint-disable-line
-         }; // `ui.restart()` will destroy and rebuild the entire iD interface,
-         // for example to switch the locale while iD is running.
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
+             if (entity.type !== 'node' && geometry !== 'line') return null;
+             var action = actionReverse(entityID);
+             if (action.disabled(context.graph())) return null;
+             return action;
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+         }
 
+         function reverseTypeID() {
+           var acts = actions();
+           var nodeActionCount = acts.filter(function (act) {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(act.entityID());
+             return entity && entity.type === 'node';
+           }).length;
+           if (nodeActionCount === 0) return 'line';
+           if (nodeActionCount === acts.length) return 'point';
+           return 'feature';
+         }
 
-         ui.restart = function () {
-           context.keybinding().clear();
-           _loadPromise = null;
-           context.container().selectAll('*').remove();
-           ui.ensureLoaded();
+         operation.available = function (situation) {
+           return actions(situation).length > 0;
          };
 
-         ui.lastPointerType = function () {
-           return _lastPointerType;
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           return false;
          };
 
-         ui.svgDefs = svgDefs(context);
-         ui.flash = uiFlash(context);
-         ui.sidebar = uiSidebar(context);
-         ui.photoviewer = uiPhotoviewer(context);
-         ui.shortcuts = uiShortcuts(context);
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           return _t('operations.reverse.description.' + reverseTypeID());
+         };
 
-         ui.onResize = function (withPan) {
-           var map = context.map(); // Recalc dimensions of map and sidebar.. (`true` = force recalc)
-           // This will call `getBoundingClientRect` and trigger reflow,
-           //  but the values will be cached for later use.
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           var acts = actions();
+           return _t('operations.reverse.annotation.' + reverseTypeID(), {
+             n: acts.length
+           });
+         };
 
-           var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.main-content'), true);
-           utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'), true);
+         operation.id = 'reverse';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.reverse.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.reverse.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-           if (withPan !== undefined) {
-             map.redrawEnable(false);
-             map.pan(withPan);
-             map.redrawEnable(true);
-           }
+       function operationSplit(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _vertexIds = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+           return context.graph().geometry(id) === 'vertex';
+         });
 
-           map.dimensions(mapDimensions);
-           ui.photoviewer.onMapResize(); // check if header or footer have overflowed
+         var _selectedWayIds = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+           var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(id);
+           return entity && entity.type === 'way';
+         });
 
-           ui.checkOverflow('.top-toolbar');
-           ui.checkOverflow('.map-footer-bar'); // Use outdated code so it works on Explorer
+         var _isAvailable = _vertexIds.length > 0 && _vertexIds.length + _selectedWayIds.length === selectedIDs.length;
 
-           var resizeWindowEvent = document.createEvent('Event');
-           resizeWindowEvent.initEvent('resizeWindow', true, true);
-           document.dispatchEvent(resizeWindowEvent);
-         }; // Call checkOverflow when resizing or whenever the contents change.
+         var _action = actionSplit(_vertexIds);
 
+         var _ways = [];
+         var _geometry = 'feature';
+         var _waysAmount = 'single';
 
-         ui.checkOverflow = function (selector, reset) {
-           if (reset) {
-             delete _needWidth[selector];
-           }
+         var _nodesAmount = _vertexIds.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-           var selection = context.container().select(selector);
-           if (selection.empty()) return;
-           var scrollWidth = selection.property('scrollWidth');
-           var clientWidth = selection.property('clientWidth');
-           var needed = _needWidth[selector] || scrollWidth;
+         if (_isAvailable) {
+           if (_selectedWayIds.length) _action.limitWays(_selectedWayIds);
+           _ways = _action.ways(context.graph());
+           var geometries = {};
 
-           if (scrollWidth > clientWidth) {
-             // overflow happening
-             selection.classed('narrow', true);
+           _ways.forEach(function (way) {
+             geometries[way.geometry(context.graph())] = true;
+           });
 
-             if (!_needWidth[selector]) {
-               _needWidth[selector] = scrollWidth;
-             }
-           } else if (scrollWidth >= needed) {
-             selection.classed('narrow', false);
+           if (Object.keys(geometries).length === 1) {
+             _geometry = Object.keys(geometries)[0];
            }
-         };
 
-         ui.togglePanes = function (showPane) {
-           var hidePanes = context.container().selectAll('.map-pane.shown');
-           var side = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left';
-           hidePanes.classed('shown', false).classed('hide', true);
-           context.container().selectAll('.map-pane-control button').classed('active', false);
+           _waysAmount = _ways.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         }
 
-           if (showPane) {
-             hidePanes.classed('shown', false).classed('hide', true).style(side, '-500px');
-             context.container().selectAll('.' + showPane.attr('pane') + '-control button').classed('active', true);
-             showPane.classed('shown', true).classed('hide', false);
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var difference = context.perform(_action, operation.annotation()); // select both the nodes and the ways so the mapper can immediately disconnect them if desired
 
-             if (hidePanes.empty()) {
-               showPane.style(side, '-500px').transition().duration(200).style(side, '0px');
-             } else {
-               showPane.style(side, '0px');
-             }
-           } else {
-             hidePanes.classed('shown', true).classed('hide', false).style(side, '0px').transition().duration(200).style(side, '-500px').on('end', function () {
-               select(this).classed('shown', false).classed('hide', true);
-             });
-           }
-         };
+           var idsToSelect = _vertexIds.concat(difference.extantIDs().filter(function (id) {
+             // filter out relations that may have had member additions
+             return context.entity(id).type === 'way';
+           }));
 
-         var _editMenu = uiEditMenu(context);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, idsToSelect));
+         };
 
-         ui.editMenu = function () {
-           return _editMenu;
+         operation.relatedEntityIds = function () {
+           return _selectedWayIds.length ? [] : _ways.map(function (way) {
+             return way.id;
+           });
          };
 
-         ui.showEditMenu = function (anchorPoint, triggerType, operations) {
-           // remove any displayed menu
-           ui.closeEditMenu();
-           if (!operations && context.mode().operations) operations = context.mode().operations();
-           if (!operations || !operations.length) return; // disable menu if in wide selection, for example
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _isAvailable;
+         };
 
-           if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) return;
-           var surfaceNode = context.surface().node();
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var reason = _action.disabled(context.graph());
 
-           if (surfaceNode.focus) {
-             // FF doesn't support it
-             // focus the surface or else clicking off the menu may not trigger modeBrowse
-             surfaceNode.focus();
+           if (reason) {
+             return reason;
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
            }
 
-           operations.forEach(function (operation) {
-             if (operation.point) operation.point(anchorPoint);
-           });
-
-           _editMenu.anchorLoc(anchorPoint).triggerType(triggerType).operations(operations); // render the menu
-
+           return false;
+         };
 
-           context.map().supersurface.call(_editMenu);
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           if (disable) return _t('operations.split.' + disable);
+           return _t('operations.split.description.' + _geometry + '.' + _waysAmount + '.' + _nodesAmount + '_node');
          };
 
-         ui.closeEditMenu = function () {
-           // remove any existing menu no matter how it was added
-           context.map().supersurface.select('.edit-menu').remove();
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.split.annotation.' + _geometry, {
+             n: _ways.length
+           });
          };
 
-         var _saveLoading = select(null);
+         operation.id = 'split';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.split.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.split.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-         context.uploader().on('saveStarted.ui', function () {
-           _saveLoading = uiLoading(context).message(_t.html('save.uploading')).blocking(true);
-           context.container().call(_saveLoading); // block input during upload
-         }).on('saveEnded.ui', function () {
-           _saveLoading.close();
+       function operationStraighten(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _wayIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+           return id.charAt(0) === 'w';
+         });
 
-           _saveLoading = select(null);
+         var _nodeIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+           return id.charAt(0) === 'n';
          });
-         return ui;
-       }
 
-       function coreContext() {
-         var _this = this;
+         var _amount = (_wayIDs.length ? _wayIDs : _nodeIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-         var dispatch$1 = dispatch('enter', 'exit', 'change');
-         var context = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         var _nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-         var _deferred = new Set();
+         var _coords = _nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
 
-         context.version = '2.19.4';
-         context.privacyVersion = '20200407'; // iD will alter the hash so cache the parameters intended to setup the session
+         var _extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-         context.initialHashParams = window.location.hash ? utilStringQs(window.location.hash) : {};
-         context.isFirstSession = !corePreferences('sawSplash') && !corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion');
-         /* Changeset */
-         // An osmChangeset object. Not loaded until needed.
+         var _action = chooseAction();
 
-         context.changeset = null;
-         var _defaultChangesetComment = context.initialHashParams.comment;
-         var _defaultChangesetSource = context.initialHashParams.source;
-         var _defaultChangesetHashtags = context.initialHashParams.hashtags;
+         var _geometry;
 
-         context.defaultChangesetComment = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetComment;
-           _defaultChangesetComment = val;
-           return context;
-         };
+         function chooseAction() {
+           // straighten selected nodes
+           if (_wayIDs.length === 0 && _nodeIDs.length > 2) {
+             _geometry = 'point';
+             return actionStraightenNodes(_nodeIDs, context.projection); // straighten selected ways (possibly between range of 2 selected nodes)
+           } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0 && (_nodeIDs.length === 0 || _nodeIDs.length === 2)) {
+             var startNodeIDs = [];
+             var endNodeIDs = [];
 
-         context.defaultChangesetSource = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetSource;
-           _defaultChangesetSource = val;
-           return context;
-         };
+             for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
+               var entity = context.entity(selectedIDs[i]);
 
-         context.defaultChangesetHashtags = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetHashtags;
-           _defaultChangesetHashtags = val;
-           return context;
-         };
-         /* Document title */
+               if (entity.type === 'node') {
+                 continue;
+               } else if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) {
+                 return null; // exit early, can't straighten these
+               }
 
-         /* (typically shown as the label for the browser window/tab) */
-         // If true, iD will update the title based on what the user is doing
+               startNodeIDs.push(entity.first());
+               endNodeIDs.push(entity.last());
+             } // Remove duplicate end/startNodeIDs (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end)
 
 
-         var _setsDocumentTitle = true;
+             startNodeIDs = startNodeIDs.filter(function (n) {
+               return startNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === startNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
+             });
+             endNodeIDs = endNodeIDs.filter(function (n) {
+               return endNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === endNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
+             }); // Ensure all ways are connected (i.e. only 2 unique endpoints/startpoints)
 
-         context.setsDocumentTitle = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _setsDocumentTitle;
-           _setsDocumentTitle = val;
-           return context;
-         }; // The part of the title that is always the same
+             if (utilArrayDifference(startNodeIDs, endNodeIDs).length + utilArrayDifference(endNodeIDs, startNodeIDs).length !== 2) return null; // Ensure path contains at least 3 unique nodes
 
+             var wayNodeIDs = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph()).map(function (node) {
+               return node.id;
+             });
+             if (wayNodeIDs.length <= 2) return null; // If range of 2 selected nodes is supplied, ensure nodes lie on the selected path
 
-         var _documentTitleBase = document.title;
+             if (_nodeIDs.length === 2 && (wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[0]) === -1 || wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[1]) === -1)) return null;
 
-         context.documentTitleBase = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _documentTitleBase;
-           _documentTitleBase = val;
-           return context;
-         };
-         /* User interface and keybinding */
+             if (_nodeIDs.length) {
+               // If we're only straightenting between two points, we only need that extent visible
+               _extent = utilTotalExtent(_nodeIDs, context.graph());
+             }
 
+             _geometry = 'line';
+             return actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, context.projection);
+           }
 
-         var _ui;
+           return null;
+         }
 
-         context.ui = function () {
-           return _ui;
-         };
+         function operation() {
+           if (!_action) return;
+           context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }, 300); // after any transition
+         }
 
-         context.lastPointerType = function () {
-           return _ui.lastPointerType();
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return Boolean(_action);
          };
 
-         var _keybinding = utilKeybinding('context');
-
-         context.keybinding = function () {
-           return _keybinding;
-         };
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var reason = _action.disabled(context.graph());
 
-         select(document).call(_keybinding);
-         /* Straight accessors. Avoid using these if you can. */
-         // Instantiate the connection here because it doesn't require passing in
-         // `context` and it's needed for pre-init calls like `preauth`
+           if (reason) {
+             return reason;
+           } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           }
 
-         var _connection = services.osm;
+           return false;
 
-         var _history;
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-         var _validator;
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-         var _uploader;
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-         context.connection = function () {
-           return _connection;
+             return false;
+           }
          };
 
-         context.history = function () {
-           return _history;
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.straighten.' + disable + '.' + _amount) : _t('operations.straighten.description.' + _geometry + (_wayIDs.length === 1 ? '' : 's'));
          };
 
-         context.validator = function () {
-           return _validator;
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.straighten.annotation.' + _geometry, {
+             n: _wayIDs.length ? _wayIDs.length : _nodeIDs.length
+           });
          };
 
-         context.uploader = function () {
-           return _uploader;
+         operation.id = 'straighten';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.straighten.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.straighten.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
+
+       var Operations = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
+               __proto__: null,
+               operationCircularize: operationCircularize,
+               operationContinue: operationContinue,
+               operationCopy: operationCopy,
+               operationDelete: operationDelete,
+               operationDisconnect: operationDisconnect,
+               operationDowngrade: operationDowngrade,
+               operationExtract: operationExtract,
+               operationMerge: operationMerge,
+               operationMove: operationMove,
+               operationOrthogonalize: operationOrthogonalize,
+               operationPaste: operationPaste,
+               operationReflectShort: operationReflectShort,
+               operationReflectLong: operationReflectLong,
+               operationReverse: operationReverse,
+               operationRotate: operationRotate,
+               operationSplit: operationSplit,
+               operationStraighten: operationStraighten
+       });
+
+       function modeSelect(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'select',
+           button: 'browse'
          };
-         /* Connection */
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select');
 
+         var _breatheBehavior = behaviorBreathe();
 
-         context.preauth = function (options) {
-           if (_connection) {
-             _connection["switch"](options);
-           }
+         var _modeDragNode = modeDragNode(context);
 
-           return context;
-         };
-         /* connection options for source switcher (optional) */
+         var _selectBehavior;
 
+         var _behaviors = [];
+         var _operations = [];
+         var _newFeature = false;
+         var _follow = false; // `_focusedParentWayId` is used when we visit a vertex with multiple
+         // parents, and we want to remember which parent line we started on.
 
-         var _apiConnections;
+         var _focusedParentWayId;
 
-         context.apiConnections = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _apiConnections;
-           _apiConnections = val;
-           return context;
-         }; // A string or array or locale codes to prefer over the browser's settings
+         var _focusedVertexIds;
 
+         function singular() {
+           if (selectedIDs && selectedIDs.length === 1) {
+             return context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[0]);
+           }
+         }
 
-         context.locale = function (locale) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
-           _mainLocalizer.preferredLocaleCodes(locale);
-           return context;
-         };
+         function selectedEntities() {
+           return selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return context.hasEntity(id);
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+         }
 
-         function afterLoad(cid, callback) {
-           return function (err, result) {
-             if (err) {
-               // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
-               if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
-                 if (_connection) {
-                   _connection.logout();
-                 }
-               }
+         function checkSelectedIDs() {
+           var ids = [];
 
-               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
-                 callback(err);
-               }
+           if (Array.isArray(selectedIDs)) {
+             ids = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+               return context.hasEntity(id);
+             });
+           }
 
-               return;
-             } else if (_connection && _connection.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
-               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
-                 callback({
-                   message: 'Connection Switched',
-                   status: -1
-                 });
-               }
+           if (!ids.length) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             return false;
+           } else if (selectedIDs.length > 1 && ids.length === 1 || selectedIDs.length === 1 && ids.length > 1) {
+             // switch between single- and multi-select UI
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
+             return false;
+           }
+
+           selectedIDs = ids;
+           return true;
+         } // find the parent ways for nextVertex, previousVertex, and selectParent
+
+
+         function parentWaysIdsOfSelection(onlyCommonParents) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var parents = [];
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
 
-               return;
-             } else {
-               _history.merge(result.data, result.extent);
+             if (!entity || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex') {
+               return []; // selection includes some non-vertices
+             }
 
-               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
-                 callback(err, result);
-               }
+             var currParents = graph.parentWays(entity).map(function (w) {
+               return w.id;
+             });
 
-               return;
+             if (!parents.length) {
+               parents = currParents;
+               continue;
              }
-           };
-         }
 
-         context.loadTiles = function (projection, callback) {
-           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+             parents = (onlyCommonParents ? utilArrayIntersection : utilArrayUnion)(parents, currParents);
 
-             if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
-               var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
+             if (!parents.length) {
+               return [];
+             }
+           }
 
-               _connection.loadTiles(projection, afterLoad(cid, callback));
+           return parents;
+         } // find the child nodes for selected ways
+
+
+         function childNodeIdsOfSelection(onlyCommon) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var childs = [];
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
+
+             if (!entity || !['area', 'line'].includes(entity.geometry(graph))) {
+               return []; // selection includes non-area/non-line
              }
-           });
 
-           _deferred.add(handle);
-         };
+             var currChilds = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function (node) {
+               return node.id;
+             });
 
-         context.loadTileAtLoc = function (loc, callback) {
-           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+             if (!childs.length) {
+               childs = currChilds;
+               continue;
+             }
 
-             if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
-               var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
+             childs = (onlyCommon ? utilArrayIntersection : utilArrayUnion)(childs, currChilds);
 
-               _connection.loadTileAtLoc(loc, afterLoad(cid, callback));
+             if (!childs.length) {
+               return [];
              }
-           });
+           }
 
-           _deferred.add(handle);
-         };
+           return childs;
+         }
 
-         context.loadEntity = function (entityID, callback) {
-           if (_connection) {
-             var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
+         function checkFocusedParent() {
+           if (_focusedParentWayId) {
+             var parents = parentWaysIdsOfSelection(true);
+             if (parents.indexOf(_focusedParentWayId) === -1) _focusedParentWayId = null;
+           }
+         }
+
+         function parentWayIdForVertexNavigation() {
+           var parentIds = parentWaysIdsOfSelection(true);
 
-             _connection.loadEntity(entityID, afterLoad(cid, callback));
+           if (_focusedParentWayId && parentIds.indexOf(_focusedParentWayId) !== -1) {
+             // prefer the previously seen parent
+             return _focusedParentWayId;
            }
+
+           return parentIds.length ? parentIds[0] : null;
+         }
+
+         mode.selectedIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return selectedIDs;
+           selectedIDs = val;
+           return mode;
          };
 
-         context.zoomToEntity = function (entityID, zoomTo) {
-           if (zoomTo !== false) {
-             context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
-               if (err) return;
-               var entity = result.data.find(function (e) {
-                 return e.id === entityID;
-               });
+         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
+           context.map().zoomToEase(selectedEntities());
+         };
 
-               if (entity) {
-                 _map.zoomTo(entity);
-               }
-             });
-           }
+         mode.newFeature = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
+           _newFeature = val;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-           _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', function () {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(entityID)) return;
+         mode.selectBehavior = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectBehavior;
+           _selectBehavior = val;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-             _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
+         mode.follow = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _follow;
+           _follow = val;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-             context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+         function loadOperations() {
+           _operations.forEach(function (operation) {
+             if (operation.behavior) {
+               context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
+             }
            });
 
-           context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', function () {
-             if (_mode.id !== 'browse') {
-               _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
+           _operations = Object.values(Operations).map(function (o) {
+             return o(context, selectedIDs);
+           }).filter(function (o) {
+             return o.id !== 'delete' && o.id !== 'downgrade' && o.id !== 'copy';
+           }).concat([// group copy/downgrade/delete operation together at the end of the list
+           operationCopy(context, selectedIDs), operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs), operationDelete(context, selectedIDs)]).filter(function (operation) {
+             return operation.available();
+           });
 
-               context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
+           _operations.forEach(function (operation) {
+             if (operation.behavior) {
+               context.install(operation.behavior);
              }
-           });
+           }); // remove any displayed menu
+
+
+           context.ui().closeEditMenu();
+         }
+
+         mode.operations = function () {
+           return _operations;
          };
 
-         var _minEditableZoom = 16;
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           if (!checkSelectedIDs()) return;
+           context.features().forceVisible(selectedIDs);
 
-         context.minEditableZoom = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _minEditableZoom;
-           _minEditableZoom = val;
+           _modeDragNode.restoreSelectedIDs(selectedIDs);
 
-           if (_connection) {
-             _connection.tileZoom(val);
+           loadOperations();
+
+           if (!_behaviors.length) {
+             if (!_selectBehavior) _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context);
+             _behaviors = [behaviorPaste(context), _breatheBehavior, behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hoverModeSelect), _selectBehavior, behaviorLasso(context), _modeDragNode.behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
            }
 
-           return context;
-         }; // String length limits in Unicode characters, not JavaScript UTF-16 code units
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.install);
 
+           keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on(['[', 'pgup'], previousVertex).on([']', 'pgdown'], nextVertex).on(['{', uiCmd('⌘['), 'home'], firstVertex).on(['}', uiCmd('⌘]'), 'end'], lastVertex).on(uiCmd('⇧←'), nudgeSelection([-10, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -10])).on(uiCmd('⇧→'), nudgeSelection([10, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 10])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥←'), nudgeSelection([-100, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -100])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥→'), nudgeSelection([100, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 100])).on(utilKeybinding.plusKeys.map(function (key) {
+             return uiCmd('⇧' + key);
+           }), scaleSelection(1.05)).on(utilKeybinding.plusKeys.map(function (key) {
+             return uiCmd('⇧⌥' + key);
+           }), scaleSelection(Math.pow(1.05, 5))).on(utilKeybinding.minusKeys.map(function (key) {
+             return uiCmd('⇧' + key);
+           }), scaleSelection(1 / 1.05)).on(utilKeybinding.minusKeys.map(function (key) {
+             return uiCmd('⇧⌥' + key);
+           }), scaleSelection(1 / Math.pow(1.05, 5))).on(['\\', 'pause'], focusNextParent).on(uiCmd('⌘↑'), selectParent).on(uiCmd('⌘↓'), selectChild).on('⎋', esc, true);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+           context.ui().sidebar.select(selectedIDs, _newFeature);
+           context.history().on('change.select', function () {
+             loadOperations(); // reselect after change in case relation members were removed or added
 
-         context.maxCharsForTagKey = function () {
-           return 255;
-         };
+             selectElements();
+           }).on('undone.select', checkSelectedIDs).on('redone.select', checkSelectedIDs);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select', selectElements).on('crossEditableZoom.select', function () {
+             selectElements();
 
-         context.maxCharsForTagValue = function () {
-           return 255;
-         };
+             _breatheBehavior.restartIfNeeded(context.surface());
+           });
+           context.map().doubleUpHandler().on('doubleUp.modeSelect', didDoubleUp);
+           selectElements();
 
-         context.maxCharsForRelationRole = function () {
-           return 255;
-         };
+           if (_follow) {
+             var extent = geoExtent();
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             selectedIDs.forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = context.entity(id);
 
-         function cleanOsmString(val, maxChars) {
-           // be lenient with input
-           if (val === undefined || val === null) {
-             val = '';
-           } else {
-             val = val.toString();
-           } // remove whitespace
+               extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
+             });
+             var loc = extent.center();
+             context.map().centerEase(loc); // we could enter the mode multiple times, so reset follow for next time
 
+             _follow = false;
+           }
 
-           val = val.trim(); // use the canonical form of the string
+           function nudgeSelection(delta) {
+             return function () {
+               // prevent nudging during low zoom selection
+               if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+               var moveOp = operationMove(context, selectedIDs);
 
-           if (val.normalize) val = val.normalize('NFC'); // trim to the number of allowed characters
+               if (moveOp.disabled()) {
+                 context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + moveOp.id).iconClass('operation disabled').label(moveOp.tooltip)();
+               } else {
+                 context.perform(actionMove(selectedIDs, delta, context.projection), moveOp.annotation());
+                 context.validator().validate();
+               }
+             };
+           }
 
-           return utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(val, maxChars);
-         }
+           function scaleSelection(factor) {
+             return function () {
+               // prevent scaling during low zoom selection
+               if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+               var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+               var isUp = factor > 1; // can only scale if multiple nodes are selected
 
-         context.cleanTagKey = function (val) {
-           return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagKey());
-         };
+               if (nodes.length <= 1) return;
+               var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph()); // These disabled checks would normally be handled by an operation
+               // object, but we don't want an actual scale operation at this point.
 
-         context.cleanTagValue = function (val) {
-           return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagValue());
-         };
+               function scalingDisabled() {
+                 if (tooSmall()) {
+                   return 'too_small';
+                 } else if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+                   return 'too_large';
+                 } else if (someMissing() || selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+                   return 'not_downloaded';
+                 } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
+                 }
 
-         context.cleanRelationRole = function (val) {
-           return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForRelationRole());
-         };
-         /* History */
+                 return false;
 
+                 function tooSmall() {
+                   if (isUp) return false;
+                   var dLon = Math.abs(extent[1][0] - extent[0][0]);
+                   var dLat = Math.abs(extent[1][1] - extent[0][1]);
+                   return dLon < geoMetersToLon(1, extent[1][1]) && dLat < geoMetersToLat(1);
+                 }
 
-         var _inIntro = false;
+                 function someMissing() {
+                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+                   var osm = context.connection();
 
-         context.inIntro = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _inIntro;
-           _inIntro = val;
-           return context;
-         }; // Immediately save the user's history to localstorage, if possible
-         // This is called someteimes, but also on the `window.onbeforeunload` handler
+                   if (osm) {
+                     var missing = nodes.filter(function (n) {
+                       return !osm.isDataLoaded(n.loc);
+                     });
 
+                     if (missing.length) {
+                       missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                         context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                       });
+                       return true;
+                     }
+                   }
 
-         context.save = function () {
-           // no history save, no message onbeforeunload
-           if (_inIntro || context.container().select('.modal').size()) return;
-           var canSave;
+                   return false;
+                 }
 
-           if (_mode && _mode.id === 'save') {
-             canSave = false; // Attempt to prevent user from creating duplicate changes - see #5200
+                 function incompleteRelation(id) {
+                   var entity = context.entity(id);
+                   return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+                 }
+               }
 
-             if (services.osm && services.osm.isChangesetInflight()) {
-               _history.clearSaved();
+               var disabled = scalingDisabled();
 
-               return;
+               if (disabled) {
+                 var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+                 context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').iconClass('operation disabled').label(_t('operations.scale.' + disabled + '.' + multi))();
+               } else {
+                 var pivot = context.projection(extent.center());
+                 var annotation = _t('operations.scale.annotation.' + (isUp ? 'up' : 'down') + '.feature', {
+                   n: selectedIDs.length
+                 });
+                 context.perform(actionScale(selectedIDs, pivot, factor, context.projection), annotation);
+                 context.validator().validate();
+               }
+             };
+           }
+
+           function didDoubleUp(d3_event, loc) {
+             if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+             var target = select(d3_event.target);
+             var datum = target.datum();
+             var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
+             if (!entity) return;
+
+             if (entity instanceof osmWay && target.classed('target')) {
+               var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(entity), loc, context.projection);
+               var prev = entity.nodes[choice.index - 1];
+               var next = entity.nodes[choice.index];
+               context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
+                 loc: choice.loc,
+                 edge: [prev, next]
+               }, osmNode()), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
+               context.validator().validate();
+             } else if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
+               context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
+                 loc: entity.loc,
+                 edge: entity.edge
+               }, osmNode()), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
+               context.validator().validate();
              }
-           } else {
-             canSave = context.selectedIDs().every(function (id) {
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(id);
-               return entity && !entity.isDegenerate();
-             });
            }
 
-           if (canSave) {
-             _history.save();
+           function selectElements() {
+             if (!checkSelectedIDs()) return;
+             var surface = context.surface();
+             surface.selectAll('.selected-member').classed('selected-member', false);
+             surface.selectAll('.selected').classed('selected', false);
+             surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false); // reload `_focusedParentWayId` based on the current selection
+
+             checkFocusedParent();
+
+             if (_focusedParentWayId) {
+               surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_focusedParentWayId])).classed('related', true);
+             }
+
+             if (context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
+               // Apply selection styling if not in wide selection
+               surface.selectAll(utilDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph(), true
+               /* skipMultipolgonMembers */
+               )).classed('selected-member', true);
+               surface.selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph())).classed('selected', true);
+             }
            }
 
-           if (_history.hasChanges()) {
-             return _t('save.unsaved_changes');
+           function esc() {
+             if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }
-         }; // Debounce save, since it's a synchronous localStorage write,
-         // and history changes can happen frequently (e.g. when dragging).
 
+           function firstVertex(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var entity = singular();
+             var parentId = parentWayIdForVertexNavigation();
+             var way;
 
-         context.debouncedSave = debounce(context.save, 350);
+             if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
+               way = entity;
+             } else if (parentId) {
+               way = context.entity(parentId);
+             }
 
-         function withDebouncedSave(fn) {
-           return function () {
-             var result = fn.apply(_history, arguments);
-             context.debouncedSave();
-             return result;
-           };
-         }
-         /* Graph */
+             _focusedParentWayId = way && way.id;
 
+             if (way) {
+               context.enter(mode.selectedIDs([way.first()]).follow(true));
+             }
+           }
 
-         context.hasEntity = function (id) {
-           return _history.graph().hasEntity(id);
-         };
+           function lastVertex(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var entity = singular();
+             var parentId = parentWayIdForVertexNavigation();
+             var way;
 
-         context.entity = function (id) {
-           return _history.graph().entity(id);
-         };
-         /* Modes */
+             if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
+               way = entity;
+             } else if (parentId) {
+               way = context.entity(parentId);
+             }
 
+             _focusedParentWayId = way && way.id;
 
-         var _mode;
+             if (way) {
+               context.enter(mode.selectedIDs([way.last()]).follow(true));
+             }
+           }
 
-         context.mode = function () {
-           return _mode;
-         };
+           function previousVertex(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var parentId = parentWayIdForVertexNavigation();
+             _focusedParentWayId = parentId;
+             if (!parentId) return;
+             var way = context.entity(parentId);
+             var length = way.nodes.length;
+             var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
+             var index = -1;
 
-         context.enter = function (newMode) {
-           if (_mode) {
-             _mode.exit();
+             if (curr > 0) {
+               index = curr - 1;
+             } else if (way.isClosed()) {
+               index = length - 2;
+             }
 
-             dispatch$1.call('exit', _this, _mode);
+             if (index !== -1) {
+               context.enter(mode.selectedIDs([way.nodes[index]]).follow(true));
+             }
            }
 
-           _mode = newMode;
+           function nextVertex(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var parentId = parentWayIdForVertexNavigation();
+             _focusedParentWayId = parentId;
+             if (!parentId) return;
+             var way = context.entity(parentId);
+             var length = way.nodes.length;
+             var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
+             var index = -1;
 
-           _mode.enter();
+             if (curr < length - 1) {
+               index = curr + 1;
+             } else if (way.isClosed()) {
+               index = 0;
+             }
 
-           dispatch$1.call('enter', _this, _mode);
-         };
+             if (index !== -1) {
+               context.enter(mode.selectedIDs([way.nodes[index]]).follow(true));
+             }
+           }
 
-         context.selectedIDs = function () {
-           return _mode && _mode.selectedIDs && _mode.selectedIDs() || [];
-         };
+           function focusNextParent(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var parents = parentWaysIdsOfSelection(true);
+             if (!parents || parents.length < 2) return;
+             var index = parents.indexOf(_focusedParentWayId);
 
-         context.activeID = function () {
-           return _mode && _mode.activeID && _mode.activeID();
+             if (index < 0 || index > parents.length - 2) {
+               _focusedParentWayId = parents[0];
+             } else {
+               _focusedParentWayId = parents[index + 1];
+             }
+
+             var surface = context.surface();
+             surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
+
+             if (_focusedParentWayId) {
+               surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_focusedParentWayId])).classed('related', true);
+             }
+           }
+
+           function selectParent(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var currentSelectedIds = mode.selectedIDs();
+             var parentIds = _focusedParentWayId ? [_focusedParentWayId] : parentWaysIdsOfSelection(false);
+             if (!parentIds.length) return;
+             context.enter(mode.selectedIDs(parentIds)); // set this after re-entering the selection since we normally want it cleared on exit
+
+             _focusedVertexIds = currentSelectedIds;
+           }
+
+           function selectChild(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var currentSelectedIds = mode.selectedIDs();
+             var childIds = _focusedVertexIds ? _focusedVertexIds.filter(function (id) {
+               return context.hasEntity(id);
+             }) : childNodeIdsOfSelection(true);
+             if (!childIds || !childIds.length) return;
+             if (currentSelectedIds.length === 1) _focusedParentWayId = currentSelectedIds[0];
+             context.enter(mode.selectedIDs(childIds));
+           }
          };
 
-         var _selectedNoteID;
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           // we could enter the mode multiple times but it's only new the first time
+           _newFeature = false;
+           _focusedVertexIds = null;
 
-         context.selectedNoteID = function (noteID) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedNoteID;
-           _selectedNoteID = noteID;
-           return context;
-         }; // NOTE: Don't change the name of this until UI v3 is merged
+           _operations.forEach(function (operation) {
+             if (operation.behavior) {
+               context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
+             }
+           });
 
+           _operations = [];
 
-         var _selectedErrorID;
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
 
-         context.selectedErrorID = function (errorID) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedErrorID;
-           _selectedErrorID = errorID;
-           return context;
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.ui().closeEditMenu();
+           context.history().on('change.select', null).on('undone.select', null).on('redone.select', null);
+           var surface = context.surface();
+           surface.selectAll('.selected-member').classed('selected-member', false);
+           surface.selectAll('.selected').classed('selected', false);
+           surface.selectAll('.highlighted').classed('highlighted', false);
+           surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select', null);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           context.features().forceVisible([]);
+           var entity = singular();
+
+           if (_newFeature && entity && entity.type === 'relation' && // no tags
+           Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0 && // no parent relations
+           context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length === 0 && ( // no members or one member with no role
+           entity.members.length === 0 || entity.members.length === 1 && !entity.members[0].role)) {
+             // the user added this relation but didn't edit it at all, so just delete it
+             var deleteAction = actionDeleteRelation(entity.id, true
+             /* don't delete untagged members */
+             );
+             context.perform(deleteAction, _t('operations.delete.annotation.relation'));
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }
          };
-         /* Behaviors */
 
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-         context.install = function (behavior) {
-           return context.surface().call(behavior);
+       function uiLasso(context) {
+         var group, polygon;
+         lasso.coordinates = [];
+
+         function lasso(selection) {
+           context.container().classed('lasso', true);
+           group = selection.append('g').attr('class', 'lasso hide');
+           polygon = group.append('path').attr('class', 'lasso-path');
+           group.call(uiToggle(true));
+         }
+
+         function draw() {
+           if (polygon) {
+             polygon.data([lasso.coordinates]).attr('d', function (d) {
+               return 'M' + d.join(' L') + ' Z';
+             });
+           }
+         }
+
+         lasso.extent = function () {
+           return lasso.coordinates.reduce(function (extent, point) {
+             return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
+           }, geoExtent());
          };
 
-         context.uninstall = function (behavior) {
-           return context.surface().call(behavior.off);
+         lasso.p = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return lasso;
+           lasso.coordinates.push(_);
+           draw();
+           return lasso;
          };
-         /* Copy/Paste */
-
 
-         var _copyGraph;
+         lasso.close = function () {
+           if (group) {
+             group.call(uiToggle(false, function () {
+               select(this).remove();
+             }));
+           }
 
-         context.copyGraph = function () {
-           return _copyGraph;
+           context.container().classed('lasso', false);
          };
 
-         var _copyIDs = [];
+         return lasso;
+       }
 
-         context.copyIDs = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _copyIDs;
-           _copyIDs = val;
-           _copyGraph = _history.graph();
-           return context;
-         };
+       function behaviorLasso(context) {
+         // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-         var _copyLonLat;
+         var behavior = function behavior(selection) {
+           var lasso;
 
-         context.copyLonLat = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _copyLonLat;
-           _copyLonLat = val;
-           return context;
-         };
-         /* Background */
+           function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+             var button = 0; // left
 
+             if (d3_event.button === button && d3_event.shiftKey === true) {
+               lasso = null;
+               select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', pointerup);
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }
+           }
 
-         var _background;
+           function pointermove() {
+             if (!lasso) {
+               lasso = uiLasso(context);
+               context.surface().call(lasso);
+             }
 
-         context.background = function () {
-           return _background;
-         };
-         /* Features */
+             lasso.p(context.map().mouse());
+           }
 
+           function normalize(a, b) {
+             return [[Math.min(a[0], b[0]), Math.min(a[1], b[1])], [Math.max(a[0], b[0]), Math.max(a[1], b[1])]];
+           }
 
-         var _features;
+           function lassoed() {
+             if (!lasso) return [];
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var limitToNodes;
 
-         context.features = function () {
-           return _features;
-         };
+             if (context.map().editableDataEnabled(true
+             /* skipZoomCheck */
+             ) && context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
+               // only select from the visible nodes
+               limitToNodes = new Set(utilGetAllNodes(context.selectedIDs(), graph));
+             } else if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) {
+               return [];
+             }
 
-         context.hasHiddenConnections = function (id) {
-           var graph = _history.graph();
+             var bounds = lasso.extent().map(context.projection.invert);
+             var extent = geoExtent(normalize(bounds[0], bounds[1]));
+             var intersects = context.history().intersects(extent).filter(function (entity) {
+               return entity.type === 'node' && (!limitToNodes || limitToNodes.has(entity)) && geoPointInPolygon(context.projection(entity.loc), lasso.coordinates) && !context.features().isHidden(entity, graph, entity.geometry(graph));
+             }); // sort the lassoed nodes as best we can
 
-           var entity = graph.entity(id);
-           return _features.hasHiddenConnections(entity, graph);
-         };
-         /* Photos */
+             intersects.sort(function (node1, node2) {
+               var parents1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
+               var parents2 = graph.parentWays(node2);
 
+               if (parents1.length && parents2.length) {
+                 // both nodes are vertices
+                 var sharedParents = utilArrayIntersection(parents1, parents2);
 
-         var _photos;
+                 if (sharedParents.length) {
+                   var sharedParentNodes = sharedParents[0].nodes; // vertices are members of the same way; sort them in their listed order
 
-         context.photos = function () {
-           return _photos;
-         };
-         /* Map */
+                   return sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node1.id) - sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node2.id);
+                 } else {
+                   // vertices do not share a way; group them by their respective parent ways
+                   return parseFloat(parents1[0].id.slice(1)) - parseFloat(parents2[0].id.slice(1));
+                 }
+               } else if (parents1.length || parents2.length) {
+                 // only one node is a vertex; sort standalone points before vertices
+                 return parents1.length - parents2.length;
+               } // both nodes are standalone points; sort left to right
 
 
-         var _map;
+               return node1.loc[0] - node2.loc[0];
+             });
+             return intersects.map(function (entity) {
+               return entity.id;
+             });
+           }
 
-         context.map = function () {
-           return _map;
-         };
+           function pointerup() {
+             select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', null);
+             if (!lasso) return;
+             var ids = lassoed();
+             lasso.close();
 
-         context.layers = function () {
-           return _map.layers();
-         };
+             if (ids.length) {
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
+             }
+           }
 
-         context.surface = function () {
-           return _map.surface;
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', pointerdown);
          };
 
-         context.editableDataEnabled = function () {
-           return _map.editableDataEnabled();
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', null);
          };
 
-         context.surfaceRect = function () {
-           return _map.surface.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-         };
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
-         context.editable = function () {
-           // don't allow editing during save
-           var mode = context.mode();
-           if (!mode || mode.id === 'save') return false;
-           return _map.editableDataEnabled();
+       function modeBrowse(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           button: 'browse',
+           id: 'browse',
+           title: _t('modes.browse.title'),
+           description: _t('modes.browse.description')
          };
-         /* Debug */
+         var sidebar;
 
+         var _selectBehavior;
 
-         var _debugFlags = {
-           tile: false,
-           // tile boundaries
-           collision: false,
-           // label collision bounding boxes
-           imagery: false,
-           // imagery bounding polygons
-           target: false,
-           // touch targets
-           downloaded: false // downloaded data from osm
+         var _behaviors = [];
 
+         mode.selectBehavior = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectBehavior;
+           _selectBehavior = val;
+           return mode;
          };
 
-         context.debugFlags = function () {
-           return _debugFlags;
-         };
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           if (!_behaviors.length) {
+             if (!_selectBehavior) _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context);
+             _behaviors = [behaviorPaste(context), behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover), _selectBehavior, behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
+           }
 
-         context.getDebug = function (flag) {
-           return flag && _debugFlags[flag];
-         };
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.install); // Get focus on the body.
 
-         context.setDebug = function (flag, val) {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) val = true;
-           _debugFlags[flag] = val;
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-           return context;
-         };
-         /* Container */
 
+           if (document.activeElement && document.activeElement.blur) {
+             document.activeElement.blur();
+           }
 
-         var _container = select(null);
+           if (sidebar) {
+             context.ui().sidebar.show(sidebar);
+           } else {
+             context.ui().sidebar.select(null);
+           }
+         };
 
-         context.container = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _container;
-           _container = val;
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
 
-           _container.classed('ideditor', true);
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
 
-           return context;
+           if (sidebar) {
+             context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           }
          };
 
-         context.containerNode = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return context.container().node();
-           context.container(select(val));
-           return context;
+         mode.sidebar = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return sidebar;
+           sidebar = _;
+           return mode;
          };
 
-         var _embed;
-
-         context.embed = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _embed;
-           _embed = val;
-           return context;
+         mode.operations = function () {
+           return [operationPaste(context)];
          };
-         /* Assets */
 
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-         var _assetPath = '';
-
-         context.assetPath = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _assetPath;
-           _assetPath = val;
-           _mainFileFetcher.assetPath(val);
-           return context;
-         };
+       function behaviorAddWay(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('start', 'startFromWay', 'startFromNode');
+         var draw = behaviorDraw(context);
 
-         var _assetMap = {};
+         function behavior(surface) {
+           draw.on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.apply('start', this, arguments);
+           }).on('clickWay', function () {
+             dispatch.apply('startFromWay', this, arguments);
+           }).on('clickNode', function () {
+             dispatch.apply('startFromNode', this, arguments);
+           }).on('cancel', behavior.cancel).on('finish', behavior.cancel);
+           context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false);
+           surface.call(draw);
+         }
 
-         context.assetMap = function (val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _assetMap;
-           _assetMap = val;
-           _mainFileFetcher.assetMap(val);
-           return context;
+         behavior.off = function (surface) {
+           surface.call(draw.off);
          };
 
-         context.asset = function (val) {
-           if (/^http(s)?:\/\//i.test(val)) return val;
-           var filename = _assetPath + val;
-           return _assetMap[filename] || filename;
+         behavior.cancel = function () {
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
+           }, 1000);
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
          };
 
-         context.imagePath = function (val) {
-           return context.asset("img/".concat(val));
-         };
-         /* reset (aka flush) */
+         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
+       function behaviorHash(context) {
+         // cached window.location.hash
+         var _cachedHash = null; // allowable latitude range
 
-         context.reset = context.flush = function () {
-           context.debouncedSave.cancel();
-           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
-             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
+         var _latitudeLimit = 90 - 1e-8;
 
-             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+         function computedHashParameters() {
+           var map = context.map();
+           var center = map.center();
+           var zoom = map.zoom();
+           var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
+           var oldParams = utilObjectOmit(utilStringQs(window.location.hash), ['comment', 'source', 'hashtags', 'walkthrough']);
+           var newParams = {};
+           delete oldParams.id;
+           var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (id) {
+             return context.hasEntity(id);
            });
-           Object.values(services).forEach(function (service) {
-             if (service && typeof service.reset === 'function') {
-               service.reset(context);
-             }
+
+           if (selected.length) {
+             newParams.id = selected.join(',');
+           }
+
+           newParams.map = zoom.toFixed(2) + '/' + center[1].toFixed(precision) + '/' + center[0].toFixed(precision);
+           return Object.assign(oldParams, newParams);
+         }
+
+         function computedHash() {
+           return '#' + utilQsString(computedHashParameters(), true);
+         }
+
+         function computedTitle(includeChangeCount) {
+           var baseTitle = context.documentTitleBase() || 'iD';
+           var contextual;
+           var changeCount;
+           var titleID;
+           var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (id) {
+             return context.hasEntity(id);
            });
-           context.changeset = null;
 
-           _validator.reset();
+           if (selected.length) {
+             var firstLabel = utilDisplayLabel(context.entity(selected[0]), context.graph());
 
-           _features.reset();
+             if (selected.length > 1) {
+               contextual = _t('title.labeled_and_more', {
+                 labeled: firstLabel,
+                 count: selected.length - 1
+               });
+             } else {
+               contextual = firstLabel;
+             }
 
-           _history.reset();
+             titleID = 'context';
+           }
 
-           _uploader.reset(); // don't leave stale state in the inspector
+           if (includeChangeCount) {
+             changeCount = context.history().difference().summary().length;
 
+             if (changeCount > 0) {
+               titleID = contextual ? 'changes_context' : 'changes';
+             }
+           }
 
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap *').remove();
-           return context;
-         };
-         /* Projections */
+           if (titleID) {
+             return _t('title.format.' + titleID, {
+               changes: changeCount,
+               base: baseTitle,
+               context: contextual
+             });
+           }
 
+           return baseTitle;
+         }
 
-         context.projection = geoRawMercator();
-         context.curtainProjection = geoRawMercator();
-         /* Init */
+         function updateTitle(includeChangeCount) {
+           if (!context.setsDocumentTitle()) return;
+           var newTitle = computedTitle(includeChangeCount);
 
-         context.init = function () {
-           instantiateInternal();
-           initializeDependents();
-           return context; // Load variables and properties. No property of `context` should be accessed
-           // until this is complete since load statuses are indeterminate. The order
-           // of instantiation shouldn't matter.
+           if (document.title !== newTitle) {
+             document.title = newTitle;
+           }
+         }
 
-           function instantiateInternal() {
-             _history = coreHistory(context);
-             context.graph = _history.graph;
-             context.pauseChangeDispatch = _history.pauseChangeDispatch;
-             context.resumeChangeDispatch = _history.resumeChangeDispatch;
-             context.perform = withDebouncedSave(_history.perform);
-             context.replace = withDebouncedSave(_history.replace);
-             context.pop = withDebouncedSave(_history.pop);
-             context.overwrite = withDebouncedSave(_history.overwrite);
-             context.undo = withDebouncedSave(_history.undo);
-             context.redo = withDebouncedSave(_history.redo);
-             _validator = coreValidator(context);
-             _uploader = coreUploader(context);
-             _background = rendererBackground(context);
-             _features = rendererFeatures(context);
-             _map = rendererMap(context);
-             _photos = rendererPhotos(context);
-             _ui = uiInit(context);
-           } // Set up objects that might need to access properties of `context`. The order
-           // might matter if dependents make calls to each other. Be wary of async calls.
+         function updateHashIfNeeded() {
+           if (context.inIntro()) return;
+           var latestHash = computedHash();
 
+           if (_cachedHash !== latestHash) {
+             _cachedHash = latestHash; // Update the URL hash without affecting the browser navigation stack,
+             // though unavoidably creating a browser history entry
 
-           function initializeDependents() {
-             if (context.initialHashParams.presets) {
-               _mainPresetIndex.addablePresetIDs(new Set(context.initialHashParams.presets.split(',')));
-             }
+             window.history.replaceState(null, computedTitle(false
+             /* includeChangeCount */
+             ), latestHash); // set the title we want displayed for the browser tab/window
 
-             if (context.initialHashParams.locale) {
-               _mainLocalizer.preferredLocaleCodes(context.initialHashParams.locale);
-             } // kick off some async work
+             updateTitle(true
+             /* includeChangeCount */
+             );
+           }
+         }
 
+         var _throttledUpdate = throttle(updateHashIfNeeded, 500);
 
-             _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded();
+         var _throttledUpdateTitle = throttle(function () {
+           updateTitle(true
+           /* includeChangeCount */
+           );
+         }, 500);
 
-             _background.ensureLoaded();
+         function hashchange() {
+           // ignore spurious hashchange events
+           if (window.location.hash === _cachedHash) return;
+           _cachedHash = window.location.hash;
+           var q = utilStringQs(_cachedHash);
+           var mapArgs = (q.map || '').split('/').map(Number);
 
-             _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded();
-             Object.values(services).forEach(function (service) {
-               if (service && typeof service.init === 'function') {
-                 service.init();
+           if (mapArgs.length < 3 || mapArgs.some(isNaN)) {
+             // replace bogus hash
+             updateHashIfNeeded();
+           } else {
+             // don't update if the new hash already reflects the state of iD
+             if (_cachedHash === computedHash()) return;
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             context.map().centerZoom([mapArgs[2], Math.min(_latitudeLimit, Math.max(-_latitudeLimit, mapArgs[1]))], mapArgs[0]);
+
+             if (q.id && mode) {
+               var ids = q.id.split(',').filter(function (id) {
+                 return context.hasEntity(id);
+               });
+
+               if (ids.length && (mode.id === 'browse' || mode.id === 'select' && !utilArrayIdentical(mode.selectedIDs(), ids))) {
+                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
+                 return;
                }
-             });
+             }
 
-             _map.init();
+             var center = context.map().center();
+             var dist = geoSphericalDistance(center, [mapArgs[2], mapArgs[1]]);
+             var maxdist = 500; // Don't allow the hash location to change too much while drawing
+             // This can happen if the user accidentally hit the back button.  #3996
 
-             _validator.init();
+             if (mode && mode.id.match(/^draw/) !== null && dist > maxdist) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               return;
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-             _features.init();
+         function behavior() {
+           context.map().on('move.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);
+           context.history().on('change.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdateTitle);
+           context.on('enter.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);
+           select(window).on('hashchange.behaviorHash', hashchange);
 
-             if (services.maprules && context.initialHashParams.maprules) {
-               d3_json(context.initialHashParams.maprules).then(function (mapcss) {
-                 services.maprules.init();
-                 mapcss.forEach(function (mapcssSelector) {
-                   return services.maprules.addRule(mapcssSelector);
-                 });
-               })["catch"](function () {
-                 /* ignore */
-               });
-             } // if the container isn't available, e.g. when testing, don't load the UI
+           if (window.location.hash) {
+             var q = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+
+             if (q.id) {
+               //if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) {
+               // targeting specific features: download, select, and zoom to them
+               context.zoomToEntity(q.id.split(',')[0], !q.map); //}
+             }
 
+             if (q.walkthrough === 'true') {
+               behavior.startWalkthrough = true;
+             }
 
-             if (!context.container().empty()) {
-               _ui.ensureLoaded().then(function () {
-                 _photos.init();
-               });
+             if (q.map) {
+               behavior.hadHash = true;
              }
+
+             hashchange();
+             updateTitle(false);
            }
+         }
+
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           _throttledUpdate.cancel();
+
+           _throttledUpdateTitle.cancel();
+
+           context.map().on('move.behaviorHash', null);
+           context.on('enter.behaviorHash', null);
+           select(window).on('hashchange.behaviorHash', null);
+           window.location.hash = '';
          };
 
-         return context;
+         return behavior;
        }
 
        // This is only done in testing because of the performance penalty.
 
        var debug = false; // Reexport just what our tests use, see #4379
        var d3 = {
-         dispatch: dispatch,
+         dispatch: dispatch$8,
          geoMercator: mercator,
          geoProjection: projection,
          polygonArea: d3_polygonArea,
                coreLocalizer: coreLocalizer,
                t: _t,
                localizer: _mainLocalizer,
+               coreLocations: coreLocations,
+               locationManager: _mainLocations,
                prefs: corePreferences,
                coreTree: coreTree,
                coreUploader: coreUploader,
                serviceMapillary: serviceMapillary,
                serviceMapRules: serviceMapRules,
                serviceNominatim: serviceNominatim,
+               serviceNsi: serviceNsi,
                serviceOpenstreetcam: serviceOpenstreetcam,
                serviceOsm: serviceOsm,
                serviceOsmWikibase: serviceOsmWikibase,
                uiFieldCycleway: uiFieldCycleway,
                uiFieldLanes: uiFieldLanes,
                uiFieldLocalized: uiFieldLocalized,
-               uiFieldMaxspeed: uiFieldMaxspeed,
+               uiFieldRoadheight: uiFieldRoadheight,
+               uiFieldRoadspeed: uiFieldRoadspeed,
                uiFieldStructureRadio: uiFieldRadio,
                uiFieldRadio: uiFieldRadio,
                uiFieldRestrictions: uiFieldRestrictions,
                utilDisplayLabel: utilDisplayLabel,
                utilEntityRoot: utilEntityRoot,
                utilEditDistance: utilEditDistance,
-               utilEntitySelector: utilEntitySelector,
+               utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs: utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs,
                utilEntityOrMemberSelector: utilEntityOrMemberSelector,
                utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector: utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector,
+               utilEntitySelector: utilEntitySelector,
                utilFastMouse: utilFastMouse,
                utilFunctor: utilFunctor,
                utilGetAllNodes: utilGetAllNodes,